id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ejpam-6875	Carillo, Shan Kierstin; Serra, Ian Jay	Optimized Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model for Nowcasting the Philippine Gross Domestic Product	2025	17	.pdf	application/pdf	5455	344	59	(β1, β2) 70/30 Split 80/20 Split (−0.1,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.1,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (0.2,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (−0.1, 0) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0.1, 0) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0.2, 0) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (−0.1, 0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0, 0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.1, 0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.2, 0.1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (−0.1, 0.2) PSO-NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (0, 0.2) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.1, 0.2) Exponential NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0.2, 0.2) Exponential NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) Figure 1: Convergence plot of PSO for NGBM(1,1) convergence to a near-optimal solution with no substantial improvements thereafter. Exponential NGBM(1,1) attained the lowest in-sample MAPE (4.31%), followed by NGBM(1,1) (4.34%), GM(1,1) (4.41%), and PSO-NGBM(1,1) (4.45%).	cache/ejpam-6875.pdf	txt/ejpam-6875.txt