item: #1 of 2048 id: ejpam-100 author: Rhoudaf, Mohamed; Akdim, Y; Azroul, E. title: Entropy solutions for nonlinear elliptic equations with measure data and without strict monotonocity condition date: 2009 words: 4935 flesch: 89 summary: Then ∫ Ω 〈a(x , u,∇ϕ),∇Tk[u−ϕ]〉 d x ≤ ∫ Ω f Tk[u−ϕ] d x + ∫ Ω 〈F,∇Tk[u−ϕ]〉 d x . x ! 1 p , (2.4) is equivalent to the usual norm (2.3), and there exists a weight function σ(x) on Ω and a parameter q, 1< q <∞ such that the Hardy inequality, � ∫ Ω |u(x)|qσ(x) d keywords: a(x; d x cache: ejpam-100.pdf plain text: ejpam-100.txt item: #2 of 2048 id: ejpam-1013 author: Rusev, Peter title: Hankel's Transform and Rieman's Hypothesis date: 2010 words: 1930 flesch: 80 summary: Indeed, suppose the Hankel transform with kernel w1/2Jα(w), α > −1 of the function (5) is of the form (6) with function F in the class G(1−θ), 1/2 ≤ θ < 1, i.e. (4) holds for z = x ∈ (0,∞). A necessary and sufficient condition for validity of Rieman’s hypothesis is given in terms of the growth of Hankel’s transform of a function closely related to the classical ζ-function. keywords: function cache: ejpam-1013.pdf plain text: ejpam-1013.txt item: #3 of 2048 id: ejpam-1014 author: Huckleberry, Alan title: Editor's Foreword date: 2010 words: 279 flesch: 49 summary: Although I’ve spent most of my life studying higher-dimensional complex geometric set- tings, having grown up listening to Schiffer, Löwner, Royden and even experiencing Pólya in his 90’s, I have great appreciation for the powerful methods of the theory of functions on one complex variable or Funktionentheorie as it is still called in the land of Riemann and Weier- strass. It was therefore a great pleasure and honor for me to edit this volume which is devoted to Professor H. M. Srivastava. keywords: theory cache: ejpam-1014.pdf plain text: ejpam-1014.txt item: #4 of 2048 id: ejpam-1015 author: Srivastava, Hari M. title: Letter from Professor Hari M. Srivastava date: 2010 words: 252 flesch: 47 summary: THE OCCASION OF HIS 70th BIRTHDAY Letter from Professor Hari M. Srivastava Hari M. Srivastava It gives me great pleasure to convey this message along with my greetings and best wishes to all of the participants in this Special Dedication Volume of the European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics (EJPAM), who have offered their worthy research contributions to this Volume. Hari M. Srivastava Web Site: www.uvic.ca/faculty/harimsri/ Email address: harimsri�math.uvi . keywords: volume cache: ejpam-1015.pdf plain text: ejpam-1015.txt item: #5 of 2048 id: ejpam-1016 author: Message Senders, . title: Congratulation Messages to Professor Hari M. Srivastava on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday date: 2010 words: 1141 flesch: 58 summary: THE OCCASION OF HIS 70th BIRTHDAY Congratulation Messages to Professor Hari M. Srivastava on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics It is our great honor and pleasure that we publish a special issue, entitled Complex Analy- sis: Theory and Applications, dedicated to Prof. Hari M. Srivastava on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Professor Hang-Chin Lai Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan (Republic of China) National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan (Republic of China) *** I feel honored to give my warmest celebration on the occasion of the seventieth birth anniversary of Professor Hari M. Srivastava, an internationally renowned mathematician, in the Special Dedication Issue of the European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. keywords: mathematics; professor; srivastava cache: ejpam-1016.pdf plain text: ejpam-1016.txt item: #6 of 2048 id: ejpam-1017 author: Cangul, Ismail Naci title: Professor H. M. Srivastava: Man and Mathematician date: 2010 words: 2073 flesch: 29 summary: Having had hardly any formal education at the Primary School level, Professor Srivastava was admitted in 1946 into Grade 3 of the Government Higher Secondary School at Ballia at the age of 6 years after his successful performance in the mandatory written and oral entrance examinations. Professor Srivastava received his university education at the University of Allahabad where he completed his B. Sc. in 1957 and M. Sc. in 1959. keywords: analysis; functions; number; professor; srivastava; theory; university cache: ejpam-1017.pdf plain text: ejpam-1017.txt item: #7 of 2048 id: ejpam-1048 author: Yilmaz, Hulya; Ozen Zengin, Fusun; Uysal, S. Aynur title: On a Semi Symmetric Metric Connection With a Special Condition On a Riemannian Manifold date: 2011 words: 3550 flesch: 73 summary: im , we get (2− n) � ak � w j − 1 n− 1 b j � − a j � wk − 1 n− 1 bk �� = 0 (23) Math, 4 (2011), 152-161 157 = gim � a j � wk − 1 n− 1 bk � − ak � w j − 1 n− 1 b j �� + gkm � ai � w j − 1 n− 1 b j � − a j � wi − 1 n− 1 bi �� + g jm � ak � wi − 1 n− 1 bi � − ai � wk − 1 n− 1 bk �� Conversely, let us assume that (24) is satisfied. keywords: connection; manifold cache: ejpam-1048.pdf plain text: ejpam-1048.txt item: #8 of 2048 id: ejpam-1063 author: Yigider, Muhammed; Celik, Ercan title: The Numerical Solution of Partial Differential-Algebraic Equations (PDAEs) By Multivariate Pade Approximation date: 2011 words: 2639 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 4 (2011), 67-75 73Table 2: Comparison of the numeri al solution of u2(x , t) with exa t solutions (t = 0.01) x u2(x , t) r2(x , t) � �u2(x , t)− r2(x , t) � � -0.5 0.07499625003 0.07499625011 8.10-10 -0.4 0.5599720002 0.5599720006 4.10-10 -0.3 0. 3899805002 0. 3899805002 2.10-10 -0.2 0.2399880001 0.2399880002 1.10-10 -0.1 0.1099945000 0.1099945001 1.10-10 0.1 -0.08999550004 -0.08999550002 2.10-11 0.2 -0. 1599920001 -0. 1599929999 2.10-10 0.3 -0.2099895001 -0.2099895999 2.10-10 0.4 -0.2399880001 -0.2399889999 2.10-10 0.5 -0.2499875001 -0.2499874995 6.10-10Table 3: Comparison of the numeri al solution of u3(x , t) with exa t solutions (t = 0.01) x u3(x , t) r3(x , t) � �u3(x , t)− r3(x , t) � � -0.5 0.7575376252 0.7575376251 1.10-10 -0.4 0.5656280935 0.5656280938 3.10-10 -0.3 0. 3939195651 0. 3939195651 0 -0.2 0.2424120401 0.2424120401 0 -0.1 0.1111055184 0.1111055184 0 0.1 -0.09090451503 -0.09090451504 f : � 0, te � x keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1063.pdf plain text: ejpam-1063.txt item: #9 of 2048 id: ejpam-1068 author: Roy, Bishwambhar; Sen, Ritu; Noiri, Takashi title: Separation Axioms on Topological Space - A Unified Version date: 2013 words: 4202 flesch: 88 summary: Complements of ψ-open sets will be called ψ-closed sets. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54D10, 54D15, 54C08, 54C10 Key Words and Phrases: ψ-open set, gψ-closed set, ψg -regular, ψg -normal space 1. keywords: set cache: ejpam-1068.pdf plain text: ejpam-1068.txt item: #10 of 2048 id: ejpam-1074 author: Mostafa, Adela; Aouf, M. K. title: Argument Estimates of Certain Meromorphically p-Valent Functions DeÂ…fined by a Linear Operator date: 2017 words: 3965 flesch: 87 summary: [11], for a function f (z) ∈ Σp,n given by (1), we now define a linear operator Dm λ,p (λ≥ 0, p ∈ N, m ∈ N0 = N∪ {0}) by D0 λ,p f (z) = f (z) D1 λ,p f (z) =Dλ,p f (z) = (1−λ) Using the identity (6), we have (p− γ)zq′(z)Dm λ,p g(z) + (p− γ)q(z)z(Dm λ,p f (z))′+ γz(Dm λ,p g(z))′ = 1+λp λ z(Dm λ,p f (z))′− 1 λ z(Dm+1 λ,p f (z))′. (20) Simplifying (20), we obtain q(z) + zq′(z) −r(z) + 1+λp λ =− 1 p− γ z(Dm+1 λ,p f (z))′ Dm+1 λ,p g(z) + γ ! , (21) keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1074.pdf plain text: ejpam-1074.txt item: #11 of 2048 id: ejpam-108 author: Al-omari, Ahmad Abdullah; Noorani, Mohd. Salmi Md. title: Some Properties of Contra-b-Continuous and Almost Contra-b-Continuous date: 2009 words: 5817 flesch: 89 summary: Recall that a function f : X → Y is almost-continuous if f −1(V ) is open in X for each regular open set V of Y . Since f is almost contra-b-continuous and contra continuous f −1(V ) is b-closed and open, Thus bCl( f −1(V )) keywords: contra cache: ejpam-108.pdf plain text: ejpam-108.txt item: #12 of 2048 id: ejpam-109 author: Agoh, Takashi title: Voronoï type congruences and its applications date: 2009 words: 7934 flesch: 85 summary: = m ∑ i=1 (−1)i−1ni � m i � n ∑ j=1 (a j)m−i � a j n �i , (2.1) so that (am− 1)Sm(n)≡ mn n−1 ∑ j=1 (a j)m−1 � a j n � (mod n2). Since p - a and p−1 - m, we also have am ≡ am+c(p−1) (mod ps) for each c and am 6≡ 1 (mod p). keywords: j=1; mod; theorem cache: ejpam-109.pdf plain text: ejpam-109.txt item: #13 of 2048 id: ejpam-1099 author: Zeghdoudi, Halim; Bouchahed, Lahsen; Dridi, Raouf title: A complete Classification of Lienard equation date: 2013 words: 4039 flesch: 77 summary: =−2 f fx , fx x = 0 and g 6= 0 x − 2 f fx x 2 � 2 fx 3 f , B =− λ f fx , fx x x x = − f fx 3 fx x keywords: equation;   cache: ejpam-1099.pdf plain text: ejpam-1099.txt item: #14 of 2048 id: ejpam-110 author: Breuckmann, T.K.; Kudri, S.R.T.; Aygun, Halis title: Locally Compact L-fuzzy Spaces date: 2009 words: 5543 flesch: 86 summary: Let x ∈ X , let p ∈ pr(L) and let f ∈ T such that f (x)� p. An L-topological space 〈X , T 〉 is locally compact if and only if for each x ∈ X , p ∈ pr(L) and f ∈ T with f (x) � p there exist g ∈ T and k ∈ LX , with χsupp(k) compact, such that f (x)� p and g ≤ k ≤ f . keywords: let cache: ejpam-110.pdf plain text: ejpam-110.txt item: #15 of 2048 id: ejpam-115 author: Mamedov, Khanlar R.; Menken, Hamza title: On the basisness in L_2(0,1) of the root functions in not strongly regular boundary value problems date: 2008 words: 2878 flesch: 83 summary: All eigenvalues of the boundary-value problem (1.1), (1.2), starting from some num- ber, are simple and form two infinite sequencesλk,1, λk,2, k = N,N+1, · · ·, whereN is a positive integer and λk,1 = −(2kπ)2 − q′(1)− q′(0) + 1∫ 0 q2(t)dt (4kπ)2 +O( 1 k3 ), (2.1) λk,2 = −(2kπ)2 + q′(1)− q′(0)− 1∫ 0 q2(t)dt (4kπ)2 +O( 1 k3 ), (2.2) and the corresponding eigenfunctions are of the form yk,1(x) [7] N. B. Kerimov, Kh. R. Mamedov, On the Riesz basis property of the root functions in certain regular boundary value problems,Math. keywords: problem; q′(0; µk,1 cache: ejpam-115.pdf plain text: ejpam-115.txt item: #16 of 2048 id: ejpam-1170 author: Aryal, Gokarna R.; Tsokos, Chris P. title: Transmuted Weibull Distribution: A Generalization of theWeibull Probability Distribution date: 2011 words: 5563 flesch: 68 summary: η σ y η−1 η exp(−y) � 1−λ+ 2λexp � −y ��� 1+λexp � −y �� j−1 × � 1− exp � −y �� j−1 exp � −(n− j)y �� 1−λ+λexp � −y ��n− j , where, y = � x σ �η Therefore, the pdf of the largest order statistic X(n) is given by fX(n) (x) = nη σ � x σ �η−1 exp � − � x σ �η�� 1−λ+ 2λexp � − � x σ �η�� × � 1+λexp � − � x σ �η��n−1� 1− exp � − � x σ �η��n−1 and the pdf of the smallest order statistic X(1) is given by fX(1) (x) = nη σ � x σ �η−1 exp � − � x σ �η�� 1−λ+ 2λexp � − � x σ �η�� × � exp � − � x σ �η�§ 1−λ+λexp � − � x σ ��ª�n−1 . = � 1− exp � − � x σ �η��� 1+λexp � − � x σ �η�� . keywords: distribution; exp �; weibull; η �; σ �; − �; � x; � −; � � cache: ejpam-1170.pdf plain text: ejpam-1170.txt item: #17 of 2048 id: ejpam-1171 author: Qian, Guoqi title: Teaching, Learning and Retention of Statistical Ideas in Introductory Statistics Education date: 2011 words: 5661 flesch: 42 summary: Introductory statistics courses are also called service statistics courses in Australian universities. Knowing the aforementioned factors that negatively affect students’ learning success in introductory statistics courses, there have been surged teaching and research activities in recent years aiming at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of learning introductory statistics. keywords: course; education; introductory; learning; reasoning; statistics; students; studies; teaching; undergraduate cache: ejpam-1171.pdf plain text: ejpam-1171.txt item: #18 of 2048 id: ejpam-1172 author: Ibis, Birol; Bayram, Mustafa; Agargun, A. Goksel title: Applications of Fractional Differential Transform Method to Fractional Differential-Algebraic Equations date: 2011 words: 4753 flesch: 77 summary: In this paper, we implement fractional differential transform method (FDTM), which is a semi analytical numerical technique, to fractional differential-algebraic equations (FDAEs). Comparisons are made between fractional differential transform method (FDTM), Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) and the exact solutions. keywords: differential; equations; method cache: ejpam-1172.pdf plain text: ejpam-1172.txt item: #19 of 2048 id: ejpam-1173 author: Ercan, Zeynep; Yuce, Salim title: On Properties of the Dual Quaternions date: 2011 words: 1570 flesch: 82 summary: Also, the matrix representation of dual quaternions is expressed. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11R52 Key Words and Phrases: Dual number, Dual quaternion, Euler’s formula, De Moivre’s Formula 1. The set of dual quaternions denoted by HD = {Q = a+ bi + c j + dk| a, b, c, d ∈ R, i2 = j2 = k2 keywords: quaternions cache: ejpam-1173.pdf plain text: ejpam-1173.txt item: #20 of 2048 id: ejpam-1174 author: Galib Atshan, Waggas; Habib Buti, Rafid title: Fractional Calculus of a Class of Univalent Functions with Negative Coefficients Defined by Hadamard Product with Rafid -Operator date: 2011 words: 3099 flesch: 89 summary: z 0 f (t) (z− t)1−δ d t (δ > 0), (7) where f (z) is an analytic function in a simply - connected region of the z-plane containing the origin, and the multiplicity of (z − t)δ−1 is removed by requiring log(z − t) to be real, when (z − t) > 0. Then |D−δz f (z)| ≤ 1 Γ(2+ δ) |z|δ+1 � 1+ 2(1−α) (2+ δ)(1+λ)(2+ β −α)(θ + 1)b2 |z| � , (12) and |D−δz f (z)| ≥ 1 Γ(2+ δ) |z|δ+1 � 1− 2(1−α) (2+ δ)(1+λ)(2+ β −α)(θ + 1)b2 |z| � , (13) The inequalities in (12) and (13) are attained for the function given by f (z) = z − 1−α (1+λ)(2+ β −α)(θ + 1)b2 z2 (14) Proof. keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1174.pdf plain text: ejpam-1174.txt item: #21 of 2048 id: ejpam-1184 author: Qian, Guoqi; Wu, Yuehua title: Estimation and Selection in Regression Clustering date: 2011 words: 4818 flesch: 63 summary: It classifies the data into k clusters, which together satisfy two requirements of a partition: (i) each cluster must contain at least one object; (ii) each object must belong to exactly one cluster. The objective is to reconstruct the underlying structure (5) from the observed data by estimating the number of clusters k0 and then classifying the data and estimating the class- specific parameters accordingly. keywords: clustering; clusters; data; number; regression cache: ejpam-1184.pdf plain text: ejpam-1184.txt item: #22 of 2048 id: ejpam-1200 author: Caldas, Michel; Jafari, Saied; Rajesh, Neelamegarajan title: Some Fundamental Properties of Beta-open Sets in Ideal Bitopological Spaces date: 2013 words: 4159 flesch: 92 summary: Arbitrary intersection of (i, j)− β −I -closed sets is always (i, j)− β −I -closed. for (i, j)− βI Cl(A) is the smallest (i, j)− β −I -closed set containing A. Then f ((i, j)− βI Cl(A))⊂ σi −Cl( f (A)). keywords: -open; j)− cache: ejpam-1200.pdf plain text: ejpam-1200.txt item: #23 of 2048 id: ejpam-1206 author: Paris, Richard Bruce title: On the asymptotics and zeros of a class of Fourier integrals date: 2012 words: 9171 flesch: 81 summary: The zeros labelled A, B, C , D indicate the zeros when ν = 1; the next real zero in the sequence when ν = 1 (which results from the coalesence of x2 and its conjugate) is labelled E. A similar behaviour is exhibited by the other zeros with the result that when ν = 3, all the zeros are again real. keywords: asymptotic; p(x; zeros cache: ejpam-1206.pdf plain text: ejpam-1206.txt item: #24 of 2048 id: ejpam-1224 author: Hawwa, F. T.; Hoffman, J. William; Wang, Haohao title: Koszul Duality for Multigraded Algebras date: 2012 words: 11409 flesch: 91 summary: = M for p = 0 and zero otherwise. = M for all i. The case when i = 0 is trivial since F0G(M) keywords: algebra cache: ejpam-1224.pdf plain text: ejpam-1224.txt item: #25 of 2048 id: ejpam-1234 author: Matsumura, Tomoo title: Stringy and Orbiforld Cohomology of Wreath Product Orbifolds date: 2012 words: 9095 flesch: 83 summary: g,h ∪ vh|X g,h ∪ cg ,h � , cg ,h := ctop � R(g,h) � (3) where q : X g ,h ,→ X gh is the obvious inclusion. = ∫ X g vg ∪ ι ∗wg−1 , and η(vg , wh) = 0 if gh 6= 1 (5) where ι : X g −→ X g−1 is the identity map. keywords: algebra; frobenius; math; orbifold; product; theorem cache: ejpam-1234.pdf plain text: ejpam-1234.txt item: #26 of 2048 id: ejpam-1235 author: Dorca, Irina; Breaz, Daniel V. title: Mapping Properties of Some Classes of Analytic Functions Under New Generalized Integral Operators date: 2013 words: 3349 flesch: 88 summary: Let consider the following operator concerning the functions f ∈ S, S = { f ∈A : f is univalent in U}: D n,β λ1 ,λ2 f (z) +βδ · 1 z +    p ∑ j=1,a∈{1,2} δa j · [ha j (z)] ′ ha j (z) − 1 z    which is equivalently to eiλ � 1+ z[I1(z)]′′ [I1(z)]′ � = eiλ· � � 1 β − 1 � · zh′(z) h(z) + βδ � +eiλ·    p ∑ j=1,a∈{1,2} δa j · z[ha j (z)]′ ha j (z) − 1   +eiλ (20) keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1235.pdf plain text: ejpam-1235.txt item: #27 of 2048 id: ejpam-1240 author: Guo, Xiaojiang; Shum, K.P. title: Naturally Ordered Abundant Semigroups for which each Idempotent has a Greatest Inverse date: 2011 words: 5243 flesch: 84 summary: By Lemma 3, s♭ = s◦◦ and by Lemma 2, we obtain the following equalities: s◦♭ = (s◦s◦◦)◦(s◦s◦◦)s◦(s◦◦s◦)(s◦◦s◦)◦ = (s◦◦ ◦ s◦◦)(s◦s◦◦)s◦(s◦◦s◦)(s◦◦s◦◦ ◦ ) = s◦s◦◦s◦s◦◦s◦s◦◦s◦ = s◦s◦◦s◦ = s◦, Hence, s♭s◦♭s♭ = s◦◦s◦s◦◦ = s◦◦ = s♭ and s◦♭s♭s◦♭ = s◦s◦◦s◦ = s◦ = s◦♭, whence s◦♭ is an inverse of s♭. Note that s[u, s◦s]s◦[ss◦, x]s = ss◦ss◦ss◦s = ss◦s = s, we have, (x , s,u)(s◦s, s◦, ss◦)(x , s,u) = � x(s[u, s◦s]s◦[ss◦, x]s)† , s[u, s◦s]s◦[ss◦, x]s, (s[u, s◦s]s◦[ss◦, x]s)∗u � = (xs†, s, s∗u) = (x , s,u) and similarly, (s◦s, s◦, ss◦)(x , s,u)(s◦s, s◦, ss◦) keywords: s ◦; ◦ ◦ cache: ejpam-1240.pdf plain text: ejpam-1240.txt item: #28 of 2048 id: ejpam-1243 author: Kar, Avijit; Kanoria, M. title: Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in a Fiber Reinforced Thin Annular Disc with Three-Phase-Lag Effect date: 2011 words: 6249 flesch: 71 summary: Email addresses: akmathemati s�yahoo. τr r = C11 ∂ u ∂ r + C12 u r −β11T, (1) τθθ = C12 ∂ u ∂ r + C11 u r − β22T (2) and the generalized heat conduction equation in the three-phase-lag model [27] is K∗∇2T +τ∗ν∇2 Ṫ + KτT∇2 T̈ = � 1+τq ∂ ∂ t + 1 2 τ2 q ∂ 2 ∂ t2 � × � ρCe T̈ + T0 ∂ 2 ∂ t2 � β11 ∂ u ∂ r + β22 u r �� , (3) where τi j (i, j = r,θ) is the stress tensor, T is the temperature increase over the reference temperature T0, C11 and C12 are elastic constants, β11 and β22 are thermal modulii, K is the coefficient of thermal conductivity along radial direction, K∗ is the additional material constant along radial direction, ρ is the mass density, Ce is the specific heat of the solid at constant strain, τT and τq are the the phase-lag of temperature gradient and the phase-lag of heat flux respectively. keywords: j(r; lag; model; phase; thermo; � � cache: ejpam-1243.pdf plain text: ejpam-1243.txt item: #29 of 2048 id: ejpam-131 author: Noiri, Takashi; Al-omari, Ahmad Abdullah; Noorani, Mohd. Salmi Md. title: On ωb-open sets and b-Lindelof spaces date: 2008 words: 3298 flesch: 90 summary: (1) Assume A is ω-open then, for each x ∈ A, there is an open set containing x such that Ux − A is countable set. [4] introduced a new class of generalized open sets in a topological space, the so-called b-open sets. keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-131.pdf plain text: ejpam-131.txt item: #30 of 2048 id: ejpam-1314 author: Krasniqi, Xhevat Z. title: On Integrability of Trigonometric Series with Special Type of Coefficients date: 2017 words: 3129 flesch: 86 summary: Note that for r = 1 we obtain ordinary differences 4ak = ak − ak+1 and 42ak =4 � 4ak � = ak − 2ak+1+ ak+2. Math, 6 (2013), 451-459 453 B0 n+1,r,k(x) = cos(k+ nr)x , BC1 n,r,0(x) = sin � (2n+ 1)r x 2 � 2sin � r x 2 � B1 n,r,k(x) keywords: k=1 cache: ejpam-1314.pdf plain text: ejpam-1314.txt item: #31 of 2048 id: ejpam-1347 author: Ozavsar, Muttalip; Yesilot, Gursel title: Derivative Operators on Quantum (3) space with Two Parameters and Weyl algebra date: 2012 words: 2814 flesch: 75 summary: = p−1d x y, yd y = d y y, ydz = p−nqmdz y (25) zd x = q−1d xz, zd y = pnq−md yz, zdz = dzz. x y + f22d y x , yd y = bd y y, ydz = h11dz y + h12d yz (15) zd x = g21d keywords: algebra; differential; quantum cache: ejpam-1347.pdf plain text: ejpam-1347.txt item: #32 of 2048 id: ejpam-135 author: Murugusundaramoorthy, Gangadharan; Magesh, Nanjundan title: Subordination Results for Spirallike Functions date: 2009 words: 3015 flesch: 91 summary: Let f ∈ Rl m (η,γ,λ) and g(z) be any function in the usual class of convex functions C , then ((1−λ) secη+ Let f ∈ Rl m (η,γ,λ) and suppose that g(z) keywords: secη+ cache: ejpam-135.pdf plain text: ejpam-135.txt item: #33 of 2048 id: ejpam-1352 author: ?iap, Vedat; Ozen, Mehmet title: MacWilliams Identity for m-spotty Hamming Weight Enumerator Over the Ring $\mathbb{F}_2+v\mathbb{F}_2$ date: 2012 words: 2938 flesch: 83 summary: b∏ j=0 �� V (t) j (z) ��α j , V. Şiap, M. Özen / Eur. n∏ i=1 z⌈w(vi)/t⌉ = ∑ v∈Rnb 2 χ � c1, v1 � + c2, v2 � + .. cn, vn �� n∏ i=1 z⌈w(vi)/t⌉ keywords: weight cache: ejpam-1352.pdf plain text: ejpam-1352.txt item: #34 of 2048 id: ejpam-1354 author: Zahri, Mostafa title: Mathematical Modeling of Condensing on Metric Spaces date: 2013 words: 6147 flesch: 75 summary: 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 (a) Initial 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 (b) Initial 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 (a) Iteration 195 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 (b) Iteration 175 Figure 5: Initial and final densities of condensing measures on the real line for simulations (a) and (b) 4.3. Furthermore, the convergence of the process of condensing sequences is not guaranteed. keywords: condensing; energy; mass cache: ejpam-1354.pdf plain text: ejpam-1354.txt item: #35 of 2048 id: ejpam-1362 author: Aydin, Dursun; Memmedli, Memmedaga; Omay, Rabia Ece title: Smoothing Parameter Selection for Nonparametric Regression Using Smoothing Spline date: 2013 words: 5906 flesch: 66 summary: Aydin and Memmedli [3] recommended GCV and REML as being good smoothing parameter selection criteria for small and medium sized samples. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62E17, 65C05, 65C20, 65C60 Key Words and Phrases: Nonparametric regression, Smoothing spline, Smoothing parameter, Selec- tion criteria, Generalized cross validation. keywords: methods; parameter; selection; smoothing cache: ejpam-1362.pdf plain text: ejpam-1362.txt item: #36 of 2048 id: ejpam-137 author: Hussain, Sabir; Ahmad, Bashir; Noiri, Takashi title: On some mappings in topological spaces date: 2009 words: 4731 flesch: 92 summary: γ-pre-semi-open functions Definition 4.1. The class of γ-pre-semi-open functions is a subclass of class of γ-semi-open functions defined in [5]. keywords: semi; γ∗-semi cache: ejpam-137.pdf plain text: ejpam-137.txt item: #37 of 2048 id: ejpam-1371 author: Kumar Das, Prasanta title: An Iterative Method for (AGDDV I P) in Hilbert Space and the Homology Theory to Study the (GDDCPn) in Riemannian n-manifolds in the Presence of Fixed Point Inclusion date: 2011 words: 8080 flesch: 79 summary: ≡ H. Let W be a maximal fixed point open set in X with respect to ∇F − T. Then, there exists a unique y0 such that y0 ∈ (∇F − T − 1X ) −1(0X ) and y0 solves the problem (GDDV IPn), that is, (∇F − T )(y0) ∈ (τ ∗(X )) ≡ H. Let W be a maximal fixed point open set in X with respect to ∇F − T. Then, there exists an unique y0 such that y0 ∈ (∇F − T − 1X ) −1(0X ) and y0 that solves the problem (GDDV C Pn), that is, (∇F − T )(y0) ∈ (τ ∗(X )) keywords: point cache: ejpam-1371.pdf plain text: ejpam-1371.txt item: #38 of 2048 id: ejpam-1372 author: Kowalenko, Victor title: Euler and Divergent Series date: 2011 words: 26405 flesch: 70 summary: Via the key concept of regularisation, which results in the removal of the infinity in the remainder of a divergent series, regularised values can be evaluated for elementary series outside their circles of absolute convergence such as the geometric series and for more complicated asymptotic series called terminants. Because the finite value is the same to the right and to the left of the barrier or line at ℜ z=1 and in keeping with the fact that regularisation is effectively the removal of the first term in the last member or rhs of Eq. (10), we take 1/(1− z) to be the finite or regularised value when ℜ z=1. keywords: arg; arg z; equivalence; euler; integral; kowalenko; math; ref; result; series; stokes; terms; type; value; ℜ z cache: ejpam-1372.pdf plain text: ejpam-1372.txt item: #39 of 2048 id: ejpam-1375 author: Akbilgic, Oguz; Bozdogan, Hamparsum title: Predictive Subset Selection using Regression Trees and RBF Neural Networks Hybridized with the Genetic Algorithm date: 2011 words: 7206 flesch: 63 summary: Least Squares Estimation Given a network (or model) in (1) consisting of m RBFs with centers ¦ c j ©m j=1 and radii¦ r j ©m j=1 and a training set with p patterns, �� x i, yi � p i=1 , the optimal network weights can be found by minimizing the sum of squared errors: SSE = p∑ i=1 � f (x i)− yi �2 (8) and is given by ŵ = � H ′ H �−1 H ′ y (9) the so called normal equation. Hi j = h j(x i), and y = � y1, y2, . . . keywords: bozdogan; information; model; rbf; regression; selection; subset; � −; � � cache: ejpam-1375.pdf plain text: ejpam-1375.txt item: #40 of 2048 id: ejpam-143 author: Sontakke, Pritibala Krushnarao title: Convolution And Rayleigh’s Theorem For Generalized Fractional Hartley Transform date: 2009 words: 2039 flesch: 63 summary: Hence fractional Hartley transform is also useful tool in many fields, due to it’s close relation with fractional Fourier transforms. He had shown that for all non negative integer m, )(2 2 tHe m t− is the eigen function of the Hartley transform and had given the formula for fractional Hartley transform as, { } ∫ ∞ ∞− = ,),()()()( dtstKtfstfH α α where [ ]).csc()1().(csc)1( 2 1. 2 cot1),( cot 2 cot 2 22 stcasiestcasieeeistK ii tisi φφ π φ φφφφ α −++− − = . keywords: cot; fractional; hartley; transform cache: ejpam-143.pdf plain text: ejpam-143.txt item: #41 of 2048 id: ejpam-144 author: Rashwan, Rashwan Ahmed; Ahmed, Ahmed El-Sayed; Mohamed, All Kamal title: Some Characterizations of Weighted Bloch Space date: 2009 words: 5183 flesch: 89 summary: If f ∈ QK,ω, then by the above estimate we have that sup a∈∆ (1− |a|)p+2| f ′(z)|p ωp(1− |a|) <∞. R. Rashwan, A. Ahmed and A. Kamal / Eur. The last inequality shows that f ∈ B p+2 p ω The proof of (ii) is similar to proof (i) by taking the limit when |a| −→ 1− in (i), hence it can be omitted. keywords: |z|; � � cache: ejpam-144.pdf plain text: ejpam-144.txt item: #42 of 2048 id: ejpam-146 author: Basu, Chanchal Kumar; Ghosh, Manob Kumar title: Beta-Closed Spaces and (Beta-Theta) Subclosed graphs date: 2008 words: 6940 flesch: 92 summary: if for each V ∈ βO(X , x), there is an F ∈ F such that F ⊂ β cl(V ). Since F → x then F ⊂ W for some F ∈ F . keywords: open cache: ejpam-146.pdf plain text: ejpam-146.txt item: #43 of 2048 id: ejpam-1472 author: Macarie, Marius Vasile; Breaz, Daniel title: Some Properties for Certain General Integral Operator date: 2017 words: 2949 flesch: 88 summary: Following the same steps as in Theorem 1, we obtain that zG′′n (z) G′n(z) = n ∑ i=1 (γi − 1) z f ′i (z) fi(z) + n ∑ i=1 ηi zg ′′i (z) g ′i(z) and hence zG′′n (z) G′n(z) + 1= n ∑ i=1 � (γi − 1) � z f ′i (z) fi(z) , n, we have Re � zG′′n (z) G′n(z) + 1 � ≥ n ∑ i=1 (γi − 1)ρi � � � � � z f ′i (z) fi(z) keywords: � z; � � cache: ejpam-1472.pdf plain text: ejpam-1472.txt item: #44 of 2048 id: ejpam-1475 author: Adams, Ross M.; Biggs, Rory; Remsing, Claudiu C. title: Single-Input Control Systems on the Euclidean Group SE(2) date: 2012 words: 5784 flesch: 84 summary: Introduction In recent decades, attention has been drawn to invariant control systems evolving on ma- trix Lie groups of low dimension. A category of control systems. keywords: control; lie; system cache: ejpam-1475.pdf plain text: ejpam-1475.txt item: #45 of 2048 id: ejpam-1476 author: Altintas, Osman title: Majorization for Certain Analytic Functions date: 2012 words: 2821 flesch: 89 summary: If we set δ = 0, A= 1, B = −1 in Theorem 1, then � � � f (q+1)(z) � � � ¶ � � �g(q+1)(z) � � � |z| ¶ R1 where R1 = R1(p,q,δ) is the smallest positive root of the equation � �2γ− p+ q � � r3 − (p− q+ 2)r2− [ � �2γ− p+ q � �+ 2]r + p− q = 0 r = −1 is the root of the above equation and we obtain � �2γ− p+ q � � r2 − ( � �2γ− p+ q � �+ p− q+ 2)r + p− q = 0. (20) and the positive root of the equation (20) is R1 = R1(p,q,δ). Math, 5 (2012), 16-24 20 where R1 = R1(p,q,δ) = k− Æ k2 − 4(p− q) � �2γ− p+ q � � 2 � �2γ− p+ q � � (19) (k = p− q+ 2+ � �2γ− p+ q � � , p ∈ N,q ∈ N0,γ ∈ C \ {0}). keywords: q �; � � cache: ejpam-1476.pdf plain text: ejpam-1476.txt item: #46 of 2048 id: ejpam-1478 author: Hristova, Snezhana; Stefanova, Kremena title: Practical Stability of Impulsive Differential Equations with “Supremum” by Integral Inequalities date: 2012 words: 5152 flesch: 79 summary: Using the convergence of Wallis product ∞ ∏ n=1 � 1+ 1 4n2−1 � = π 2 , it follows Ψ(t0, t) ≤ π 2 for any t, t0 ∈ R+. = x0 (41) where x ∈ R and t0 ∈ R+. keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1478.pdf plain text: ejpam-1478.txt item: #47 of 2048 id: ejpam-1479 author: Dehghan, Hossein; Gharajelo, Amir title: Weak and Strong Convergence of a Two-Step Iterations for a Finite Family of Generalized Asymptotically Quasi-Nonexpansive Mappings date: 2012 words: 3807 flesch: 86 summary: , m. Also, by taking lim supn in both sides of (5), we obtain that lim sup n ‖yn − p‖ ≤ lim sup n ‖xn− p‖ = a and so lim sup n ‖T n i yn − p‖ ≤ lim sup n ((1+ rin)‖yn − p‖+ sin) ≤ a (11) H. Dehghan, A. Gharajelo / Eur. Then, ‖xn+1 − xn‖ ≤ m ∑ i=1 � αin‖T n i yn − xn‖+ βin‖T n i xn− xn‖) � → 0. (12) keywords: lim; limn cache: ejpam-1479.pdf plain text: ejpam-1479.txt item: #48 of 2048 id: ejpam-1480 author: Parsa, M. Lotfi; Payrovi, Sh. title: On the Vanishing Properties of Local Cohomology Modules Defined by a Pair of Ideals date: 2012 words: 1877 flesch: 82 summary: Suppose that M is finitely generated with dimR M Let R be local and M finitely generated with dimR M = n> 0. keywords: j(m cache: ejpam-1480.pdf plain text: ejpam-1480.txt item: #49 of 2048 id: ejpam-1481 author: Akhmedov, Ali M.; El-Shabrawy, Saad R. title: Some Spectral Properties of the Generalized Difference Operator (Delta)v date: 2012 words: 7266 flesch: 84 summary: = � y ∈ X : y = T x , x ∈ X . Also, if x0 6= 0 then we can easily see that � �xk � �≥ � �x0 � � , for all k ≥ 1, A. Akhmedov, S. El-Shabrawy / Eur. keywords: operator; sequence; spectrum; � � cache: ejpam-1481.pdf plain text: ejpam-1481.txt item: #50 of 2048 id: ejpam-1506 author: Klein, Douglas J; Yi, Eunjeong title: A Comparison on Metric Dimension of Graphs, Line Graphs, and Line Graphs of the Subdivision Graphs date: 2012 words: 6878 flesch: 88 summary: In this paper, we study metric dimension of para-line graphs; we also compare metric dimension of graphs, line graphs, and para-line graphs. In this paper, we study metric dimension of para-line graphs; we also compare metric dimension of graphs, line graphs, and para-line graphs. keywords: graph; metric; vertex cache: ejpam-1506.pdf plain text: ejpam-1506.txt item: #51 of 2048 id: ejpam-1515 author: Linton, Carol; Holderbaum, William; Biggs, James title: Casimirs and Lax Operators from the Structure of Lie algebras date: 2012 words: 6036 flesch: 73 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 17B45, 53D17, 17B63 Key Words and Phrases: Casimir invariants, Lax operators, structure constants, matrix Lie algebras, Poisson manifolds 1. The situation is easier when considering matrix Lie algebras with an imposed Lie-Poisson structure although a nondegenerate bi-linear form I is assumed in dually g - see equation (4). keywords: e ∂; functions; h ∂; lie; ∂ p cache: ejpam-1515.pdf plain text: ejpam-1515.txt item: #52 of 2048 id: ejpam-1518 author: Kucukaslan, Mehmet; Deger, Ugur title: On Statistical Boundedness of Metric Valued Sequences date: 2012 words: 4567 flesch: 86 summary: Also, from (13) we have � k : k ≤ n, d1(xk, x∗)≥ M ⊂ �k : k ≤ n, d2(xk, x∗)≥ m1M ⊂ � k : k ≤ n, d1(xk, x∗)≥ m1 m2 M � and ���k : k ≤ n, d1(xk, x∗)≥ M �� ≤ ���k : k ≤ n, d2(xk, x∗)≥ m1M �� REFERENCES 185 ≤ ���� � k : k ≤ n, d1(xk, x∗)≥ m1 m2 M ����� . So, non-decreasing sequence (kn) gives the subsequence (ykn ) of the sequence (yn) satisfying ��ykn − y∗ �� < l(Ik) keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1518.pdf plain text: ejpam-1518.txt item: #53 of 2048 id: ejpam-1528 author: Mary, Xavier title: Natural Generalized Inverse and Core of an Element in Semigroups, Rings and Banach and Operator algebras date: 2017 words: 6410 flesch: 78 summary: = ae, f = f 2 = f a = a f and e f = e, f e = f . = e = (eae)b = eab and b is the inverse of a along e. Finally, note that Σ2(a) is a commutative band (commutative semigroup of idempotents, semilattice with e ∧ f = e f = f e). keywords: drazin; element; inverse cache: ejpam-1528.pdf plain text: ejpam-1528.txt item: #54 of 2048 id: ejpam-1535 author: Hollings, Christopher title: The Ehresmann-Schein-Nambooripad Theorem and its Successors date: 2012 words: 17694 flesch: 73 summary: Similarly, f ⊗ e = f ∧ e = e ∧ f , hence idempotents in Co commute with respect to ⊗. We show that eRCo is a left congruence. If e ≤ f , then, since e = d(e) = r(e), we have e| f = d(e)| f = e = f |r(e) keywords: categories; category; definition; groupoid; inductive; inverse; lemma; restriction; restriction semigroups; semigroups; theorem cache: ejpam-1535.pdf plain text: ejpam-1535.txt item: #55 of 2048 id: ejpam-1552 author: Tahata, Kouji; Yamamoto, Kouji; Tomizawa, Sadao title: Decomposition of Symmetry Model into Three Models for Cumulative Probabilities in Square Contingency Tables date: 2017 words: 2363 flesch: 74 summary: A simple diagonals-parameter symmetry and quasi-symmetry model. Linear diagonals-parameter symmetry and quasi-symmetry models for cumulative probabilities in square contingency tables with ordered categories. keywords: model cache: ejpam-1552.pdf plain text: ejpam-1552.txt item: #56 of 2048 id: ejpam-1563 author: Allevi, Elisabetta; Konnov, Igor; Rocco, Marco title: Existence Results for Generalized Vector Equilibrium Problems on Unbounded Sets date: 2017 words: 5236 flesch: 75 summary: Math, 6 (2013), 365-376 366 of the generalized vector equilibrium problem, namely the problems of finding x ∈ K such that (GVEP1) Φ(x , y) 6⊆ V (x), ∀y ∈ K; (GVEP2) Φ(x , y)∩ V (x) = ;, ∀y ∈ K . = {(x , y) ∈ K keywords: convex; set; φ(x; ∈ k cache: ejpam-1563.pdf plain text: ejpam-1563.txt item: #57 of 2048 id: ejpam-1580 author: Bozkurt, Åž. Burcu; Bozkurt, Durmus title: Randi ́c Energy and Randi ́c Estrada Index of a Graph date: 2012 words: 2523 flesch: 88 summary: In this paper, we introduce a new index of the graph G which is called Randić Estrada index. Now we give a result which states a lower bound for the Randić Estrada index involving Randić index. keywords: randić cache: ejpam-1580.pdf plain text: ejpam-1580.txt item: #58 of 2048 id: ejpam-1594 author: Bhat, Vijay; Kumari, Neetu; Gosani, Smarti title: Skew Polynomial Rings over Weak sigma-rigid Rings and sigma(*)-rings date: 2013 words: 3159 flesch: 85 summary: Krempa in [9] introduced σ-rigid rings; Kwak in [10] introduced σ(∗)-rings and Ouyang in [14] introduced weak σ-rigid rings, where σ is an endomorphism of ring R. These rings are related to 2-primal rings. Key Words and Phrases: Automorphism, σ(∗)-ring, weak σ-rigid ring, 2-primal ring 1. keywords: ring cache: ejpam-1594.pdf plain text: ejpam-1594.txt item: #59 of 2048 id: ejpam-1595 author: Michael, Friday Ifeanyi title: On Semi-open Sets with Respect to an Ideal date: 2013 words: 2633 flesch: 89 summary: We introduce a notion of semi-open sets in terms of ideals, which generalizes the usual notion of semi-open sets. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C10 Key Words and Phrases: Semi-open sets, Semi-closed sets, Generalized closed sets, Ideals 1. keywords: -semi; open cache: ejpam-1595.pdf plain text: ejpam-1595.txt item: #60 of 2048 id: ejpam-1596 author: Srivastava, H.M.; Vignat, Christophe title: Probabilistic Proofs of Some Relationships Between the Bernoulli and Euler Polynomials date: 2012 words: 3701 flesch: 78 summary: For n ∈ N0, α ∈ C, a ∈ Cα and any j (1≦ j ≦ α) such that a j 6= 0, B(α)n � x + y|a � = n ∑ k=0 � n k �� B(α)k � y|a � + a j k 2 B(α−1) k−1 � y|a \ a j � � · En−k � x |a j � (32) and E(α)n � x + y|a � = n ∑ k=0 2 k+ 1 � 1 a j E(α−1) k+1 � y|a \ a j � − 1 a j E(α)k+1 � y|a � � · B(1)n−k � x |a j � , (33) where a \ a j := � a1, · · · , a j−1, a j+1, · · · , aα � . Starting from the identity (5) with α = 1, if we replace x and y by x a j and y a j , respectively, we obtain E �� x a j + y a j + � ıL ( j) B − 1 2 � �n� = E � n ∑ k=0 � n k � · �� y a j + � ıL ( j) B − 1 2 � �k + k 2 � y a j �k−1�� x a j + ıLE − 1 2 �n−k� , which, when multiplied by an j on both sides, yields E �� x + y + a j � ıL ( j) B − 1 2 � �n� = E � n ∑ k=0 � n k � · �� y + a j � ıL ( j) B − 1 2 � �k + k 2 a j yk−1 �� x + a j � ıLE − 1 2 � �n−k� . keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1596.pdf plain text: ejpam-1596.txt item: #61 of 2048 id: ejpam-1597 author: Bozdogan, Hamparsum; Howe, J. Andrew title: Misspecified Multivariate Regression Models Using the Genetic Algorithm and Information Complexity as the Fitness Function date: 2012 words: 14090 flesch: 65 summary: Theoretical results are then applied to multivariate regression models in subset selection of the best predictors in the presence of model misspecification by using the novel genetic algorithm (GA), with our extended ICOM P as the fitness function. For example, if the crossover point is 2, we have ���� 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 keywords: bozdogan; covariance; criteria; howe; icom; information; log; math; matrix; misspecification; model; multivariate; pure; regression cache: ejpam-1597.pdf plain text: ejpam-1597.txt item: #62 of 2048 id: ejpam-1598 author: Dutta, Tapan K.; Shum, Kar Ping; Mandal, Shobhan title: Singular Ideals of Ternary Semirings date: 2012 words: 6952 flesch: 88 summary: M is called a right ternary semimodule over a ternary semiring S or simply a right ternary S-semimodule if there exists a mapping M × S × S −→ M (images to be denoted by ms1s2 for all m ∈ M and s1, s2 ∈ S) satisfying the following conditions: (i) (m1 +m2)s1s2 = m1s1s2 +m2s1s2 (ii) m1s1(s2 + s3) = m1s1s2 +m1s1s3 (iii) m1(s1 + s2)s3 = m1s1s3 +m1s2s3 (iv) (m1s1s2)s3s4 = m1(s1s2s3)s4 = m1s1(s2s3s4) (v) 0M s1s2 = 0M = m1s10S = m10Ss2 for all m1, m2 ∈ M and for all s1, s2, s3, s4 ∈ S. A left ternary S-semimodule can be similarly defined. As h1s3s ∈ H for all s ∈ S, h1s3s ∈ rS(s1as2) ∩ H for all s ∈ S. Now, h1s3s = 0 for all s ∈ S ⇒ s2h1s3st = 0 for all s, t ∈ S ⇒ S ⊆ rS(s2h1s3) i.e. rS(s2h1s3) = S. Now by condition (α) this implies that s2h1s3 = 0, a contradiction. keywords: ideal; right; semiring; ternary; z(s cache: ejpam-1598.pdf plain text: ejpam-1598.txt item: #63 of 2048 id: ejpam-1599 author: Mary, Xavier title: Natural Generalized Inverse and Core of an Element in Semi- groups, Rings and Banach and Operator Algebras date: 2012 words: 6357 flesch: 81 summary: = e = (eae)b = eab and b is the inverse of a along e. Finally, note that Σ2(a) is a commutative band (commutative semigroup of idempotents, semilattice with e ∨ f = e f = f e). = ae, f = f 2 = f a = a f and e f = e, f e = f . keywords: element; inverse cache: ejpam-1599.pdf plain text: ejpam-1599.txt item: #64 of 2048 id: ejpam-1600 author: Devi, J. Vasundhara; Naidu, Ch. Appala title: Stability Results for Set Differential Equations Involving Causal Operators with Memory date: 2012 words: 3658 flesch: 77 summary: Let E = C[[t0, T], Kc(R n)] and E0 = C[[t0 − h1, T], Kc(R n)], where U ∈ E0 implies U(t) = Φ0(t), t0 − h1 ≤ t ≤ t0 and U(t) is any arbitrarily continuous function on [t0, T]. Let 0 < ε < ρ and t0 ∈ R+ be given. keywords: solution; u(t cache: ejpam-1600.pdf plain text: ejpam-1600.txt item: #65 of 2048 id: ejpam-1606 author: Khan, Muhammad Shuaib; King, Robert title: Transmuted Modified Weibull Distribution: A Generalization of the Modified Weibull Probability Distribution date: 2013 words: 6973 flesch: 71 summary: Math, 6 (2013), 66-88 67 This article defined the family of transmuted modified Weibull distributions. For the minimum and maximum order statistic of the four parameters transmuted modified Weibull distribution have different life time distributions when its parameters are changed. keywords: distribution; order; weibull; −ηtβ cache: ejpam-1606.pdf plain text: ejpam-1606.txt item: #66 of 2048 id: ejpam-1609 author: Salturk, Esengul; Åžiap, Irfan title: Generalized Gaussian Numbers Related to Linear Codes over Galois Rings date: 2012 words: 3437 flesch: 82 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11T71, 94B05, 05A10 Key Words and Phrases: Gaussian binomial coefficients, linear codes over rings 1. Introduction Binomial coefficients and Gaussian binomial coefficients are two fundamental classes of numbers arising in enumerative combinatorics. In this paper, we define a family of Generalized Gaussian Numbers that gives the number of linear codes over Galois rings directly. keywords: codes; number cache: ejpam-1609.pdf plain text: ejpam-1609.txt item: #67 of 2048 id: ejpam-1623 author: Kokluce, Bulent title: On the Number of Representation of Integers by the Direct Sum of BQFs with Discriminant -191 date: 2012 words: 6585 flesch: 79 summary: Math, 5 (2012), 451-468 457 6 For 2Ω2 = 12x2 1 + 2x1 x2+ 16x2 2 + 12x2 3 + 2x3 x4+ 16x2 4, by taking A12 = −191, A22 = 12.191 we get; ϕ12 = x1 x2+ 1 2.191 Ω2,ϕ22 = x2 2 − 6 191 Ω2, which will be spherical functions of second order with respect to Ω2. 7 For 2Π2 = 12x2 1 + 10x1x2 + 18x2 2 + 12x2 3 + 10x3x4 + 18x2 4, by taking A11 = 18.191, A22 = 12.191 we get, ϕ11 = x2 1 − 9 191 Π2,ϕ22 = x2 2 − 6 191 Π2, which will be spherical functions of second order with respect to Π2. 8 For 2(F1⊕Φ1) = 2x2 1 +2x1x2+96x2 2+4x2 3+2x3 x4+48x2 4 the determinant D = 1912, A12 = −191, A33 = 48.191, the spherical functions of second order with respect to F1 ⊕Φ1 are; ϕ12 = x1 x2+ 1 2.191 (F1 ⊕Φ1),ϕ33 = x2 3 − 24 191 (F1 ⊕Φ1), 9 For 2(F1⊕Ψ1) = 2x2 1 +2x1x2+96x2 2+8x2 3+2x3 x4+24x2 4 the determinant D = 1912, A12 =−191, A44 = 8.191, the spherical functions of second order with respect to F1⊕Λ1 are; ϕ12 = x1 x2+ 1 2.191 (F1 ⊕Λ1),ϕ44 = x2 4 − 4 191 (F1 ⊕Λ1), 11 For 2(F1⊕Υ1) keywords: n=1; quadratic cache: ejpam-1623.pdf plain text: ejpam-1623.txt item: #68 of 2048 id: ejpam-1624 author: Xie, Tao; Zuo, Kezheng title: The Drazin inverses of Combinations of Two idempotents date: 2012 words: 4496 flesch: 87 summary: Direct calculations show that aP + bQ+ cPQ+ dQP =      bI (b+ d)Q12 bQ′13 bQ′′13 0 aI (b+ c)Q′23 (b+ c)Q′′23 0 0 bI bQ′′33 0 0 0 0      It is clear that the condition a, b 6= 0 implies the invertibility of    bI (b+ d)Q12 bQ′13 0 aI (b+ c)Q′23 0 0 − b+c ab Q′23 0 0 1 b I     2   bQ′′13 (b+ c)Q′′23 bQ′′33    =     1 b Q′′13 − [ (b+c)(b+d) ab2 + 2 b ]Q′13Q′′33 −( 1 a + c ab )Q′′23 1 b Q′′33     . keywords:  ;   cache: ejpam-1624.pdf plain text: ejpam-1624.txt item: #69 of 2048 id: ejpam-164 author: Noiri, Takashi; Al-omari, Ahmad Abdullah; Noorani, salmi title: Weak Forms of ω-open Sets and Decompositions of Continuity date: 2009 words: 3392 flesch: 93 summary: [10] N. Levine, Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces, Amer. The complement of an ω-closed set is said to be ω-open. keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-164.pdf plain text: ejpam-164.txt item: #70 of 2048 id: ejpam-1675 author: Deniz Howe, Eylem; Bozdogan, Hamparsum; Kiroglu, Gulay title: Performance of Information Complexity Criteria in Structural Equation Models with Applications date: 2012 words: 7490 flesch: 63 summary: = s 2 log   1 n t r(Σ̂) + 1 2n  t r(Σ̂2) + (t r(Σ̂))2 + 2 p+q∑ j=1 � σ̂ j j �2   s   − 1 2 (p+ q+ 2) log ��Σ̂ ��+ 1 2 � (p+ q) + 1 2 � p+ q �� p+ q+ 1 �� log(n) (31) + 1 4 � p+ q �� p+ q− 1 � log(2), where s = dim(F̂−1) = rank(F̂−1) A common problem in structural equation modeling is that of model selection. keywords: aic; bozdogan; criteria; icom; information; log; model; p(i; sem cache: ejpam-1675.pdf plain text: ejpam-1675.txt item: #71 of 2048 id: ejpam-1676 author: Guo, Pengfei; Wang, Xiaogang; Wu, Yuehua title: Data Fusion Using Weighted Likelihood date: 2012 words: 9106 flesch: 77 summary: By assumption (A5), we have E|C | = E ������ n2∑ j=1 w2 j � l2 j(β)− l2 j(β0) � ������ ≤ n2∑ j=1 w2 j E �����log f (y2 j ,β) f (y2 j ,β0) ����� ≤ K n2∑ j=1 w2 j = K · n2o(n−1/2) → 0. By using a similar idea, we propose to choose likelihood weights by using the estimated pairwise likelihood ratio. keywords: data; group; information; j=1; likelihood; wang; weights; wle cache: ejpam-1676.pdf plain text: ejpam-1676.txt item: #72 of 2048 id: ejpam-1677 author: Hui, Shyamal Kumar title: A Note on Nearly Quasi-Einstein Manifolds date: 2012 words: 2936 flesch: 80 summary: Also we have studied decomposable Riemannian manifold and it is shown that a decomposable Riemannian mani- fold is nearly quasi-Einstein if and only if both the decompositions are Einstein. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53B30, 53B50, 53C15, 53C25 Key Words and Phrases: quasi-Einstein manifold, nearly quasi-Einstein manifold, Ricci-pseudosymmetric, scalar curvature, decomposable Riemannian manifold, Killing vector field, projective Killing vector field 1. The notion of quasi-Einstein manifolds arose during the study of exact solutions of the Einstein field equations as well as during considerations of quasi-umbilical hypersurfaces. keywords: einstein; manifold cache: ejpam-1677.pdf plain text: ejpam-1677.txt item: #73 of 2048 id: ejpam-1726 author: Sardar, Sujit Kumar; Gupta, Sugata; Shum, Kar Ping title: Gamma-semigroups with Unities and Morita Equivalence for Monoids date: 2013 words: 3976 flesch: 79 summary: In this paper we show that the left operator and right operator semigroups of a Γ-semigroup with unities are Morita equivalent monoids. Let L and R be Morita equivalent monoids. keywords: act; monoids; morita cache: ejpam-1726.pdf plain text: ejpam-1726.txt item: #74 of 2048 id: ejpam-173 author: El hadidy, Mohamed Abdallah; Mohamed, Abd el moniem Anwar; Abou Gabal, Hamdy Mohamed title: Coordinated Search for a Randomly Located Target on the Plane date: 2009 words: 5504 flesch: 72 summary: Key words: coordinated search, optimal search plan, symmetric distribution. = � 4a1+ 2π ω1 �     n ∑ k=1 a1 ∫ 0 θ k ∫ θ k−1 g(r cosθ , r sinθ)rd rdθ     A. El-Moneim, H. Gabal, and M. El-Hadidy / Eur. keywords: g(r;  ;  ;   cache: ejpam-173.pdf plain text: ejpam-173.txt item: #75 of 2048 id: ejpam-1745 author: Barzegar, Hasan title: Sequentially Complete S-acts and Baer Type Criteria Over Semigroups date: 2013 words: 5358 flesch: 83 summary: Ebrahimi and Mahmoudi [4] has introduced the concept of s-pure monomorphism in the category of Projection Algebras by a system of equations such as xs = as(s ∈ S, as ∈ A). We say that A is s-pure in an extension B of A if every sequential system of equations with constants from A such as ΣA = {xs = as : s ∈ S, as ∈ A} has a solution in A whenever it has a solution in B. keywords: act; injective; pure cache: ejpam-1745.pdf plain text: ejpam-1745.txt item: #76 of 2048 id: ejpam-176 author: Basu, Chanchal Kumar title: Locally Beta-closed Spaces date: 2009 words: 4974 flesch: 89 summary: (e) Every cover of S by β -regular sets of X has a finite subcover. For every family {Uα : α ∈ I} of β -regular sets of X with [∩α∈I Uα] ∩ S = ;, there is a finite subset I0 of I such that [∩α∈I0 Uα]∩ S = ;. (g) Every filter base on S, β -θ -adheres to some point of S. (h) keywords: -closed cache: ejpam-176.pdf plain text: ejpam-176.txt item: #77 of 2048 id: ejpam-1773 author: Dougherty, Steven T.; Yildiz, Bahattin; Karadeniz, Suat title: Self-Dual Codes over R_k and Binary Self-Dual Codes date: 2013 words: 8592 flesch: 88 summary: By the observation about the lengths of binary Type II codes, we know that we should only look for Type II codes of even lengths over R2. Hence we need not consider that special case for binary codes. keywords: binary; code; dual; length; self; u1u2 cache: ejpam-1773.pdf plain text: ejpam-1773.txt item: #78 of 2048 id: ejpam-1783 author: Hatir, Esref title: On Decompositions of Continuity and Complete Continuity in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2017 words: 4147 flesch: 92 summary: A subset A in X is said to be δβ − B − I -set (resp. but it is not δβ − B − keywords: -open cache: ejpam-1783.pdf plain text: ejpam-1783.txt item: #79 of 2048 id: ejpam-1797 author: Dutta, Tapan K.; Shum, Kar Ping; Mandal, Shobhan title: Weakly Special Radical Class and Special Radical Class of Ternary Semirings date: 2012 words: 6553 flesch: 85 summary: Therefore, S ∈ S ′. Conversely, let S ∈ S ′ and S′ be a nonzero homomorphic image of S such that β(S′) Let S ∈ S and S′ be a nonzero homomorphic image of S. keywords: class; ideal; semiring; ternary cache: ejpam-1797.pdf plain text: ejpam-1797.txt item: #80 of 2048 id: ejpam-180 author: Husain, Iqbal; Ahmed, Aquil; Mattoo, Rumana Gulzar title: Optimality and Duality for Nondifferentiable Multiobjective Variational Problems with Higher Order Derivatives date: 2009 words: 9348 flesch: 89 summary: Math, 2 (2009), (372-400) 382 + p ∑ i=1 λiηT � f i ü (t , u, u̇, ü) + y (t) T gü (t , u, u̇, ü) � � � � t=b t=a again using boundary conditions which at t = a, t = b gives Dη = 0 = η, ∫ I ηT p ∑ i=1 λi �� f i u (t , u, u̇, ü) + B i (t)z i (t) + y (t) T gu (t , u, u̇, ü) � −D � f i u̇ (t , u, u̇, ü) + y (t) T gu̇ (t , u, u̇, ü) � (4.9) +D2 � f i ü (t , u, u̇, ü) + y (t) T gü (t , u, u̇, ü) �� d t < 0 From the equality constraint (4.3), we have ∫ I ηT p ∑ i=1 λi �� f keywords: d t; t b; t g; � d; � f; � � cache: ejpam-180.pdf plain text: ejpam-180.txt item: #81 of 2048 id: ejpam-1802 author: González, Marcos José title: On Distinguishing Local Finite Rings from Finite Rings Only by Counting Elements and Zero Divisors date: 2014 words: 2024 flesch: 84 summary: Then (i) Z(R) is the Jacobson radical of R; (ii) |R|= pnr, and |J|= p(n−1)r for some prime number p, and some positive integers n,r; (iii) Z(R)n New Proof of Theorem 2 In this section, we shall provide a new proof for Theorem 2 based on the fact that, for the case in which R is a finite commutative ring, the Jacobson radical J(R) coincides with the ideal of all the nilpotent elements of the ring R. Let R be finite commutative ring with identity of order |R|= pm and having |Z(R)| keywords: finite; j(r cache: ejpam-1802.pdf plain text: ejpam-1802.txt item: #82 of 2048 id: ejpam-1805 author: Al-sharif, Sharifa Naem; Salem, Fatima; Fracin, Basim title: A New Generalization of the Operator-Valued Poisson Kernel date: 2017 words: 3909 flesch: 90 summary: Ra,b,c,d,t (T ) = � I − aei t T ∗ �−1 + � I − be−i t T �−1 + � I − cei t T ∗ �−1 − � I − de−i t T �−1 − I , (13) where a, b, c, and d are complex parameters satisfying |a|< 1, |b|< 1, |c|< 1, and |d|< 1. d t = 1 2π 2π ∫ 0 � I − aei t T ∗ �−1 + � I − be−i t T �−1 + � I − cei t T ∗ �−1 − � keywords: t t; � � cache: ejpam-1805.pdf plain text: ejpam-1805.txt item: #83 of 2048 id: ejpam-1822 author: Hazarika, Bipan; Esi, Ayhan title: Statistically Almost λ-convergence of Sequences of Sets date: 2013 words: 3805 flesch: 83 summary: − L � �≥ ε © � � �= 0. The generalized de la Vallée-Poussin mean is defined by tn (x) = 1 λn ∑ k∈In xk where In = � n−λn+ 1, n � . keywords: wijsman; � d(x; � � cache: ejpam-1822.pdf plain text: ejpam-1822.txt item: #84 of 2048 id: ejpam-1829 author: Bhat, Vijay title: Skew-Laurent Rings over $\sigma(*)$-rings date: 2014 words: 3629 flesch: 88 summary: We note that the condition that P ∈ Min.Spec(O(R)) implies that P ∩ R ∈ Min.Spec(R) can not be ignored as follows: Let R = Q×Q. Let σ : R→ R be defined by σ((a, b)) Skew Polynomial Rings Let R be a ring, σ be an endomorphism of R and δ a σ-derivation of R. Recall that δ is an additive map δ : R→ R such that δ(ab) = δ(a)σ(b) + aδ(b), for all a, b ∈ R. Example 3. keywords: ring cache: ejpam-1829.pdf plain text: ejpam-1829.txt item: #85 of 2048 id: ejpam-1834 author: Aeal, Wemedh title: K-theory, Chamber Homology and Base Change for GL(2) date: 2017 words: 5515 flesch: 81 summary: We are concerned with the effect of base change E/F on each of these compact spaces. Math, 6 (2013), 282-298 291 classes of irreducible cuspidal representations of GL(2, F). keywords: change; gl(2; map; representation cache: ejpam-1834.pdf plain text: ejpam-1834.txt item: #86 of 2048 id: ejpam-1842 author: Ning, Wei title: Empirical Likelihood Ratio Based Goodness-of-Fit Test for Generalized Lambda Distribution date: 2014 words: 5030 flesch: 72 summary: f j − 1), (5) where η is a lagrange multiplier. We then will apply maximum empirical likelihood method to estimate the numerator. keywords: data; distribution; gld; i=1; likelihood; log; test cache: ejpam-1842.pdf plain text: ejpam-1842.txt item: #87 of 2048 id: ejpam-1845 author: Erdem, Arzu title: Comparative Analysis of the Modified SOR and BGC Methods Applied to the Poleness Conservative Finite Difference Scheme date: 2013 words: 4892 flesch: 72 summary: The solution u ∈ �H1(ΩRβ) of the integral identity (3) is defined as a weak solution of the boundary value problem (1)-(2). Due to the singularity at r = 0 in the considered polar domain Ωrϕ , a special technique of deriving the finite difference scheme in the neighbourhood of the pole point r = 0 is described. keywords: difference; finite; problem; solution cache: ejpam-1845.pdf plain text: ejpam-1845.txt item: #88 of 2048 id: ejpam-1847 author: Zhao, Xindong; Qian, Guoqi title: On Multivariate Time Series Model Selection Involving Many Candidate VAR Models date: 2014 words: 9991 flesch: 68 summary: However, difficulty may arise in VAR model selection when the number of the candidate models is extremely large. Rather we focus on the aforementioned computing issue of VAR model selection that is largely ignored in literature but needs to be addressed when there are very many candidate models available for selection. keywords: candidate; coefficients; model; model selection; order; qian; sample; selection; subset; var; var model cache: ejpam-1847.pdf plain text: ejpam-1847.txt item: #89 of 2048 id: ejpam-1851 author: Rojas, Jacqueline; Mendoza, Ramón title: The Linear Span of Four Points in the Pl\"ucker's Quadric in ${\mathbb P}^5$ date: 2014 words: 6798 flesch: 85 summary: In fact, let p ∈ P3 and Π ⊂ P3 be a plane through p. Set Ωp(Π) In fact, let p ∈ P3 and Π ⊂ P3 be a plane. keywords: lines; quadric;   cache: ejpam-1851.pdf plain text: ejpam-1851.txt item: #90 of 2048 id: ejpam-1853 author: Ivan, Mihai title: Vector Space-Groupoids date: 2017 words: 7004 flesch: 92 summary: If (G,α,β , m,ε, i,⊕, G0) is a G−groupoid, then: x · y = x ⊕ y and x−1 = x̄ , (∀)x , y ∈ G(e0). = e, x ⊕ e = x and e⊕ y = y . keywords: groupoid; vector cache: ejpam-1853.pdf plain text: ejpam-1853.txt item: #91 of 2048 id: ejpam-1854 author: Menken, Hamza; Asan, Abdulkadir title: On Some Properties of Liouville Numbers in the non-Archimedean Case date: 2013 words: 2764 flesch: 82 summary: Let � an � be a sequence of p-adic integers such that νp � an � < νp � an+1 � (1) for every n, and νp � an+1 � ≥ n1+ε (2) for fixed ε > 0 and n> n0 (ε). Then, 0< � �α− Sn � � 1 n p = � � � � � ∞ ∑ i=1 an+i � � � � � 1 n p = h max n � �an+1 � � p , � �an+2 � � p , . . . keywords: liouville; numbers; sn �; � � cache: ejpam-1854.pdf plain text: ejpam-1854.txt item: #92 of 2048 id: ejpam-1857 author: Nabardi, Kamran; Izadi, Farzali; Khoshnam, Foad title: Elliptic curves and Pythagorean triples date: 2014 words: 3385 flesch: 82 summary: With t := i/ j as a coordinate function on P1, this allows to write the family of cubics as y2 = x(x − (t2 − 1)2)(x − 4t2). So again, specialization yields infinitely many exam- ple of rank at least 2 over Q. By taking x = t2 − 1, one needs that 3t4 − 5t2 − 2 is a square, say = s2. keywords: curve; points; rank cache: ejpam-1857.pdf plain text: ejpam-1857.txt item: #93 of 2048 id: ejpam-1858 author: Vasundhara Devi, J; Giribabu, N title: On Hybrid Caputo Fractional Differential Equations with Variable Moments of Impulse date: 2014 words: 6078 flesch: 76 summary: = x0, 0< q < 1 if and only if it satisfies corresponding Volterra fractional integral equation x(t) = x0 + 1 Γ(q) t ∫ t0 (t − s)q−1 f (s, x(s))ds, t0 ≤ t ≤ t0 + a. = g(t,u(t)), t ≥ t0, keywords: differential; fractional; solution; x(t cache: ejpam-1858.pdf plain text: ejpam-1858.txt item: #94 of 2048 id: ejpam-1871 author: Rasouli, Hamid title: Categorical properties of regular monomorphisms of $S$-posets date: 2014 words: 5357 flesch: 80 summary: , tm ∈ S such that a ≤ s1c1, s1d1 ≤ s2c2, s2d2 ≤ s3c3, . . . The notion of regular monomorphism, solves this problem in these two categories. keywords: monomorphisms; poset cache: ejpam-1871.pdf plain text: ejpam-1871.txt item: #95 of 2048 id: ejpam-1881 author: Biyogmam, Guy Roger title: Low Dimensional Homology Groups of the Orthosymplectic Lie Superalgebra $\osp(1,2)$ date: 2014 words: 4051 flesch: 93 summary: From the formulas (24)–(32), (34), (35) above, it is clear that all the cycles but E23 ∧ e23 ∧ o23 ∧ o32 − e23 ∧ e32 ∧ o32 ∧ o32, E23 ∧ e32 ∧ o23 ∧ o32 − e23 ∧ e32 ∧ o23 ∧ o23 are boundaries, so are zero in homology. = 0 d(e32 ∧ o23 ∧ o23 ∧ o23) keywords: d(e23 ∧; e23 ∧; o32; ∧ e32; ∧ o23; ∧ o∧2 cache: ejpam-1881.pdf plain text: ejpam-1881.txt item: #96 of 2048 id: ejpam-1889 author: Barrett, Dennis I.; Biggs, Rory; Remsing, Claudiu C. title: Affine Subspaces of the Lie Algebra se(1,1) date: 2014 words: 6423 flesch: 83 summary: REFERENCES 154 Appendix Table 1: Classification of affine subspaces and parametrized affine subspaces Type Affine subspaces Parametrized affine subspaces (1, 1) E1 + 〈E3〉   1 0 0 0 γ1 α   αE3 + 〈E1〉   0 1 0 0 α 0   (2, 0) 〈E1, E3〉   γ1 1 0 0 0 0 γ2 γ3 α     γ1 0 1 0 0 0 γ2 α 0   (2, 1) E2 + 〈E1, E3〉   γ1 1 0 β1 0 0 γ2 γ3 α     γ1 0 1 β1 0 0 γ2 α 0   E1 + 〈E1 + E2, E3〉   β1 1 0 0 1 0 γ1 γ2 β2     1 1 0 −1 1 0 γ1 γ2 β1     β1 0 1 0 0 1 γ1 β2 0     1 0 1 −1 0 1 γ1 β1 0   αE3 + 〈E1, E2〉   0 γ1 1 0 α 0 β1 0 0     0 β2 1 0 0 1 β1 0 0     0 1 1 0 −1 1 β1 0 0   α > 0, βi 6= 0, γi ∈ R REFERENCES 155 Table 2: Classification of parametrized (3,0)-affine subspaces Π : A+ u1B + u2C + u3D Classifying conditions Parametrized affine subspaces E∗3(〈C , D〉) 6= {0} E1 + E2, E1 − E2 /∈ We classify the full-rank affine subspaces (resp. keywords: equivalent cache: ejpam-1889.pdf plain text: ejpam-1889.txt item: #97 of 2048 id: ejpam-1901 author: Vasundhara Devi, J; Ravi Kumar, R V.G title: Modeling of Prey Predator Problem by a Graph Dierential Equation date: 2014 words: 2559 flesch: 70 summary: Further, we model the well known pre- predator problem by graph differential equations and show that the nonlinearity is naturally preserved. On graph differential equations and its asso- ciated matrix differential equations. keywords: differential; graph; matrix; prey cache: ejpam-1901.pdf plain text: ejpam-1901.txt item: #98 of 2048 id: ejpam-1920 author: Ozen Zengin, Fusun; Yavuz Tasci, Ayse title: Pseudo Conharmonically Symmetric Manifolds date: 2014 words: 3385 flesch: 75 summary: [22], pseudo symmetric manifolds The notion of weakly symmetric manifolds was introduced by Tamassy and Binh keywords: curvature; manifold; tensor cache: ejpam-1920.pdf plain text: ejpam-1920.txt item: #99 of 2048 id: ejpam-1928 author: Turut, Veyis; Guzel, Nuran title: On solving Partial Differential Equations of Fractional Order by Using the Variational Iteration Method and Multivariate Padé Approximations date: 2013 words: 7071 flesch: 75 summary: x i y j ∑ i+ j=m+n−1 ci j x i y j · · · ∑ i+ j=m ci j x i y j � � � � � � � � � � (11) and q(x , y) x i y j ∑ i+ j=m+n−1 ci j x i y j · · · ∑ i+ j=m ci j x i y j � � � � � � � � � (12) keywords: fractional; iteration; multivariate; padé; � � cache: ejpam-1928.pdf plain text: ejpam-1928.txt item: #100 of 2048 id: ejpam-1929 author: Sinha, Deepa; Dhama, Ayushi; Acharya, B.D. title: Unitary Addition Cayley Signed Graphs date: 2013 words: 9168 flesch: 81 summary: The structure and various properties of unitary Cayley graphs have been studied in literature (see [7, 9, 13, 15, 20–23, 34, 37, 39]). [13] P. Berrizbeitia and R.E. Giudici, On cycles in the sequence of unitary Cayley graphs, Dis- crete Mathematics, 282(1-3)(2004), 239-243. keywords: addition; cayley; sigraph cache: ejpam-1929.pdf plain text: ejpam-1929.txt item: #101 of 2048 id: ejpam-194 author: Kar, Avijit title: Generalized Thermoelasticity Problem of a Hollow Sphere Under Thermal Shock date: 2009 words: 5792 flesch: 75 summary: − γ(T + δ1kαṪ )δi j (1) and generalized heat conduction equation is � δ1k + δ2k ∂ ∂ t � K∇2T + δ2kK∗∇2T = ρCe � δ1k Ṫ + � δ1kα ∗ + δ2k � T̈ � + γT0 � ζδ1k + δ2k ∂ ∂ t � ∆̇, (2) where τi j(i = r,θ) is the stress tensor, ∆ is the dilatation, T is the temperature increase over the absolute reference temperature T0, γ = (3λ+ 2µ)αt , λ and µ are the Lame’s constants, αt is the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the material, α and α∗ are the relaxation times, K is the coefficient of thermal conductivity, K∗ is the additional material constant, ρ is the mass density, Ce is the specific heat of the solid at constant strain, δi j is the Kronecker delta. Consider the following partial cases of equations (1) and (2): (i) if α = 0, α∗ = 0, k = 1, and ζ = 0, then the equations (1) and (2) are reduced to the equations of classical theory of thermo-elasticity (CTE). (ii) if α = 0, α∗ = 0, k = 1, and ζ = 1, then the equations (1) and (2) are reduced to the equations of classical coupled theory of thermo-elasticity (CCTE). (iii) if k = 1, and ζ = 1, then the equations (1) and (2) are reduced to the equations of temperature rate dependent thermo-elasticity theory (TRDTE(GL). keywords: j(r; stress; thermo cache: ejpam-194.pdf plain text: ejpam-194.txt item: #102 of 2048 id: ejpam-1944 author: Atik, Hasan title: Nil(n)-Modules Bifibred over Groups date: 2017 words: 2331 flesch: 86 summary: 〈(1, 〈〈m1, m2〉, m3〉), (p4, m4)〉 . . . 〈〈(〈m, m′〉, q)S, (m′′, q)S〉 . . keywords: q)s cache: ejpam-1944.pdf plain text: ejpam-1944.txt item: #103 of 2048 id: ejpam-1949 author: Elmrabty, Adnane; Maghfoul, Mohamed title: Relative differential K-theory date: 2014 words: 4179 flesch: 80 summary: The group of differential K-characters on a smooth compact manifold X is defined as the K-theoretic version of the group of Cheeger-Simons differential characters on X using the (M , E, f )-picture of Baum-Douglas for K-homology. In Section 2, we recall the definition of the group of differential K-characters and study some of its properties. keywords: differential cache: ejpam-1949.pdf plain text: ejpam-1949.txt item: #104 of 2048 id: ejpam-1950 author: Kolk, Enno title: On Statistical and Ideal Convergence of Sequences of Bounded Linear Operators date: 2015 words: 4823 flesch: 79 summary: Suppose that the ideal I has property (AP) and let zk j ∈ X (k, j ∈ N). Assume that I -limk zk j = z j ( j ∈ N). keywords: sequence; set cache: ejpam-1950.pdf plain text: ejpam-1950.txt item: #105 of 2048 id: ejpam-1951 author: Nasseef, Md Taufiq title: Counting Symmetries with Burnside's Lemma and Polya's Theorem date: 2016 words: 10846 flesch: 89 summary: ={Y Y Y Y }Or b(Y Y Y R) = Or b(Y Y RY ) = {Y Y Y R, Y Y RY } Or b(Y Y RR) ={RRRR, Y RRR,RY RR,RRY Y, Y Y RR,RY Y Y, Y RY Y, Y Y Y Y } A((12)(34)) keywords: cycle; group; number; y y cache: ejpam-1951.pdf plain text: ejpam-1951.txt item: #106 of 2048 id: ejpam-1965 author: Edemskiy, Vladimir; Antonova, Olga title: On the Linear Complexity of Ding-Helleseth Generalized Cyclotomic Binary Sequences of Order Four and Six date: 2014 words: 4316 flesch: 85 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B50, 94A55, 94A60 Key Words and Phrases: Stream ciphers, Sequences, Generalized cyclotomy, Linear complexity, Mini- mal polynomial 1. Linear complexity of new generalized cyclotomic sequences of order two of length pq. keywords: � � cache: ejpam-1965.pdf plain text: ejpam-1965.txt item: #107 of 2048 id: ejpam-1975 author: Osmanoglu, Ismail; Tokat, Deniz title: Compact Soft Multi Spaces date: 2014 words: 5127 flesch: 92 summary: .∪ f −1 ��Fn, A �� . .∪ f −1 ��Fn, A �� � = f � f −1 ��F1, A �� � ∪ . . keywords: multi; � � cache: ejpam-1975.pdf plain text: ejpam-1975.txt item: #108 of 2048 id: ejpam-1977 author: Petro, Petraq; Braja, Islam title: The relation B and Minimal Bi-ideals in Gamma-semigroups date: 2014 words: 3977 flesch: 79 summary: If aB–class B of a Γ–semigroup M contains an idempotent e = eγe,γ ∈ Γ, then B is a subgroup of semigroup Mγ. Consider the set of integers modulo 8, Z/8Z= {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, and Γ = {0,1, 2} ⊆ N∪ {0}. keywords: semigroup cache: ejpam-1977.pdf plain text: ejpam-1977.txt item: #109 of 2048 id: ejpam-1979 author: Bektas, O.; Bayrak Gurses, N.; Yuce, S. title: Osculating Spheres of a Semi Real Quaternionic Curve in E_2^4 date: 2014 words: 4068 flesch: 78 summary: Then there exists a sphere which contacts at the fourth order to the curve β at β (0) and the equation of the semi quaternionic osculating sphere according to the Frenet frame ¦ T0,N10 ,N20 ,N30 © such that εT0 X 2 1 + εN10 X2− εT0 εN10 ς0 !2 + εN20 X3− εT0 εN10 εn10 ς′0ρ0 !2 + εN30 � X4−Ω0 � εT0 εN10 � � ς′0ρ0 �′ + εt0 � εn10 � ς0 ρ0 � − εN10 ρ0 − 4 � ρ0 ς0 � � + 3 εT0 εN10 � ρ0 ς0 ����2 Ö. Bektaş, N. Gürses, S. Yüce / Eur. = 2 � β ′′ (0) ,β (0)−M � + β ′ (0) ,β ′ (0) �� = 0 and g ′′ (0) . keywords: εn10; εt0; � � cache: ejpam-1979.pdf plain text: ejpam-1979.txt item: #110 of 2048 id: ejpam-1980 author: Arefijamaal, Ali Akbar; Mohammadzade, Mohammad title: A Generalization of the Calderon Admissibility Condition date: 2015 words: 2614 flesch: 72 summary: In this paper, we first review these results and then introduce a more general setting for admissible groups. Moreover, some necessary conditions are pro- vided for a class of admissible groups. keywords: group cache: ejpam-1980.pdf plain text: ejpam-1980.txt item: #111 of 2048 id: ejpam-1995 author: Dehay, Dominique; Hurd, Harry; Makagon, Andrzej title: Spectrum of Periodically Correlated Fields date: 2014 words: 11764 flesch: 85 summary: In this case G = , K = {kT : k $ !}, the quotient group G/K can be identified with [0, T ) with addition modulo T , the mapping ı is defined as ı(t) = KX , s+ (T1, 0), t+ (T1, 0) - = KX , s+ (0, T2), t+ (0, T2) - , 0 < T1, T2 <3, then X is strongly K-PC with K = {(k1T1, k2, T2) : keywords: field; function; measure cache: ejpam-1995.pdf plain text: ejpam-1995.txt item: #112 of 2048 id: ejpam-2008 author: Aydin, Ayhan title: An Unconventional Splitting for Korteweg de Vries-Burgers Equation date: 2015 words: 5053 flesch: 74 summary: In [10], a finite differences with variable mesh and the semi-analytic Adomian decomposition method are used to solve KdVB equation. For this we put a real parameter into a KdV-Burgers equation and split the vector field of the equations into two parts both of which are KdVB equation. keywords: burgers; equation; kdvb; solution cache: ejpam-2008.pdf plain text: ejpam-2008.txt item: #113 of 2048 id: ejpam-2009 author: Iyiola, Olaniyi Samuel; Folarin, Samson Babatunde title: Approximate Analytical Study of Fingero-Imbibition phenomena of time-fractional type in double phase flow through porous media date: 2014 words: 5250 flesch: 70 summary: The quest of getting accurate methods for solving resulted non-linear model involving fractional order is of almost concern of many re- searchers in this field today. In the recent years, Caputo [6] and He [10], fractional order have been incorporated into existing differen- tial equations which have deep meaning and applications inexhaustible giving hope for future research work in the field of sciences and other related fields. keywords: fractional; method; � � cache: ejpam-2009.pdf plain text: ejpam-2009.txt item: #114 of 2048 id: ejpam-201 author: Eshaghi-Gordji, Madjid; Niyazi-Motlagh, Abolfazl title: Module Extension Banach Algebras and (sigma,tau)-amenability date: 2009 words: 2911 flesch: 88 summary: = d(a) = (σ(a), 0)( f , g)− ( f , g)(τ(a), 0) = (σ(a) f − f τ(a),σ(a)g (2)⇒ (3): Let D :A −→ X be a σ-derivation from A into A -bimodule X and let JX : X −→ X ∗∗ be the canonical embedding, then for each a, b ∈A we have eD(ab) keywords: banach cache: ejpam-201.pdf plain text: ejpam-201.txt item: #115 of 2048 id: ejpam-2010 author: Wang, Yan Hui; Shum, Kar Ping; Ren, Xue Ming title: Morita Theory for Rings and Semigroups date: 2017 words: 11640 flesch: 74 summary: Let R and S be Morita equivalent rings with local units via inverse equivalences G : R-Mod→ S-Mod and H : S-Mod→ R-Mod. We now list from [3] two properties of Morita equivalent rings with local units. keywords: equivalent; following; inverse; left; morita; morita equivalent; rings; semigroups; theorem; theory; units cache: ejpam-2010.pdf plain text: ejpam-2010.txt item: #116 of 2048 id: ejpam-2011 author: Åžiap, Irfan; Akin, Hasan; Oguz, Selman title: 2-D Reversible Cellular Automata with Nearest and Prolonged Next Nearest Neighborhoods under Periodic Boundary date: 2017 words: 8263 flesch: 86 summary: (1) to all cells of the first row of information matrix 5×5, then we obtain the first block row of rule matrix TR and next apply the rule R to all the cells of the second row of information matrix 5× 5, we obtain the second block row of rule matrix TR. Next, we relate the transformation Ψ with rule matrix TR. keywords: e t; matrix; m−3; rule cache: ejpam-2011.pdf plain text: ejpam-2011.txt item: #117 of 2048 id: ejpam-2013 author: Aeal, Wemedh title: Cycles in the chamber homology for SL(2,F) date: 2014 words: 3999 flesch: 82 summary: Introduction Let F be a p-adic non-archimedean local field with p 6= 2 and G = SL(2, F). 2. Local Langlands Correspondence and Base Change Let F be a non-archimedean local field, and G = SL(2, F). keywords: base; group; sl(2 cache: ejpam-2013.pdf plain text: ejpam-2013.txt item: #118 of 2048 id: ejpam-2017 author: Kobayashi, Yukio title: Commutative Law for the Multiplication of Matrices as Viewed in Terms of Hankel's Principle date: 2014 words: 2731 flesch: 67 summary: The disagreement of b′(a′x) and (b′a′)x is due to the multiplication of the 1× n matrix b′ and the 1×1 matrix a′x in the order violating the rule of matrix multiplication. Taking this view, “the principle of the permanence of form and its transition” also holds for the commutative law for matrix multiplication. keywords: matrix; multiplication cache: ejpam-2017.pdf plain text: ejpam-2017.txt item: #119 of 2048 id: ejpam-2022 author: JSS, Silvério Dos Santos; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G.; Torresan, Paulo; Torresan, Paulo; Azevedo, Katia A. G. title: Competition Among Manufacturers in Technological Innovation in the Market with Delayed Information date: 2014 words: 4694 flesch: 72 summary: = 2x y − d y + be−σx[x sinσy − y cosσy] + ae−r x sin r y = 0. − y cosσy ≥ 0 for (x , y) ∈ S2. keywords: system cache: ejpam-2022.pdf plain text: ejpam-2022.txt item: #120 of 2048 id: ejpam-2044 author: Pratsiovytyi, Mykola; Drozdenko, Vitaliy title: Characterization Theorems for Scale Invariance Property of Insurance Premium Calculation Principles date: 2014 words: 8790 flesch: 70 summary: (29) In the case of scale invariant mean value premium principle equation (29) can be rewritten as v(Θπm.v.[X ε p]) = pv(Θε) + (1− p)v(Θ). 2. Mean Value Premium Principle The following theorem describes necessary and sufficient conditions under which mean value premium calculation principle possesses scale invariance property. keywords: equation; � � cache: ejpam-2044.pdf plain text: ejpam-2044.txt item: #121 of 2048 id: ejpam-2055 author: Farhan, Alaa Mahmood; Yang, Xiao Song title: New Type of Strongly Continuous Functions in Topological Spaces via δ-β-Open Sets date: 2015 words: 7792 flesch: 88 summary: If g is strongly θ − δ − β -continuous, then f is strongly θ − δ − β -continuous. First, we show that f is strongly θ − δ − β -continuous. keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-2055.pdf plain text: ejpam-2055.txt item: #122 of 2048 id: ejpam-2058 author: Hazarika, Bipan; Esi, Ayhan title: New Types of Generalized Difference Double A-sequence Spaces Defined by Orlicz function date: 2015 words: 5771 flesch: 87 summary: Now g �� xk,l � + � yk,l �� = r ∑ k=1 �|xk,1|+ |yk,1| � + r ∑ l=1 �|x1,l |+ |y1,l | � + inf    ρ pk,l T > 0 : sup m,n ∞,∞ ∑ k,l=0,0 am,n,k,l � M �� �∆r � xk,l + yk,l �� � ρ ��pk,l ! Now g �� x s k,l − x t k,l �� → 0 as s, t →∞ implies that there exists no ∈ N such that g �� x s k,l − x t k,l �� < ǫ bxo for all s, t ≥ no. ⇒ r ∑ k=1 � � �x s k,1 − x t k,1 � � �+ r ∑ l=1 � � �x s 1,l − x t 1,l � � � + inf        ρ pk,l T > 0 : sup m,n    ∞,∞ ∑ k,l=0,0 am,n,k,l   M    � � �∆r x keywords: l �; p �; � m; � pk; � xk; � ρ; � ∆r; � � cache: ejpam-2058.pdf plain text: ejpam-2058.txt item: #123 of 2048 id: ejpam-2083 author: Akbilgic, Oguz title: Binary Classification for Hydraulic Fracturing Operations in Oil & GasWells via Tree Based Logistic RBF Networks date: 2017 words: 3545 flesch: 56 summary: We have also tested our model on classification problems with more than two classes and again our results were encouraging in terms of classification accuracy. [4] is one of the tree-based statistical tech- niques for prediction and classification problems depending on the type of target variables, either continuous or categorical. keywords: classification; data; layer; logistic; model; rbf; regression cache: ejpam-2083.pdf plain text: ejpam-2083.txt item: #124 of 2048 id: ejpam-21 author: Noiri, Takashi; Popa, Valeriu title: Some Forms of C-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2007 words: 8050 flesch: 87 summary: [25] J. H. Park, B. Y. Lee and M. J. Son, On δ-semi-open sets in topological spaces, J. Indian Acad. A ⊂ F, X − F ∈ mX}, (2) mX -Int(A) = ∪{U : U ⊂ A,U ∈ mX}. keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-21.pdf plain text: ejpam-21.txt item: #125 of 2048 id: ejpam-2102 author: Bhat, Vijay Kumar; Chib, Kiran title: Transparency of Polynomial Ring Over a Commutative Noetherian Ring date: 2015 words: 3401 flesch: 81 summary: R[x;σ,δ] is Noetherian ring by Hilbert Basis Theorem, namely Theorem (1.12) of Goodearl and Warfield Ring extensions and their quotient rings, East-West Journal of Mathematics, 9(1), 25-30. 2007. keywords: ring cache: ejpam-2102.pdf plain text: ejpam-2102.txt item: #126 of 2048 id: ejpam-2114 author: Jukic, Dragan; Markovic, Darija title: Total Least Squares Fitting the Three-Parameter Inverse Weibull Density date: 2014 words: 6188 flesch: 86 summary: − t i < τ0 − ǫ(b) − t τ0 − t i; τ0 − t j < τ j(b)− t j = δ j(b)< 0 Setting δi(b) := ¨ τi(b)− t keywords: −αk �; � � cache: ejpam-2114.pdf plain text: ejpam-2114.txt item: #127 of 2048 id: ejpam-2118 author: Tunc, Tuncay; Åžimsek, Ersin title: Some Approximation Properties of Szasz-Mirakyan-Bernstein Operators date: 2014 words: 3538 flesch: 83 summary: [0,1], that � �En � f ; x � − f (x) � �≤ En �� � f − f (x) � � ; x � . (8) Now using (5) in inequality (8) we have, for any δ > 0, that � �En � f ; x � − f (x) � �≤ � 1+ 1 δ En �� �e1 − x � � ; x � � ω � f ;δ � (9) Applying the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality for positive linear operators it follows from (9) that � �En � f ; x � − f (x) � �≤ � 1+ 1 δ r En � � e1 − x �2 ; x � � ω � f ;δ � Using Lemma 1 in the last inequality, we can write � �En � f ; x � − f (x) � �≤  1+ 1 δ � (1− x) � 1− e−nx � nαn �1/2  ω � f ;δ � ≤ 1+ 1 δ � 1 nαn �1/2 ! keywords: en �; nαn �; x0 �; δ �; � e1; � f; � −; � � cache: ejpam-2118.pdf plain text: ejpam-2118.txt item: #128 of 2048 id: ejpam-2135 author: Zarina, Samigulina Ildusovna; Olga, Shiryeva Ivanovna; Galina, Samigulina Ahmetovna; Hassen, Fourati Ben Mahmoud title: Robust control system for Spacecraft Motion Trajectory date: 2014 words: 6153 flesch: 59 summary: Then, the problem of model reference adaptive control system can be seen as a regulation problem for the spacecraft system displaced from its equilibrium state (defined by AM = AS , BM = BS) using the adjusted parameters fA and fB (see Figure 1). Optimal Mathematical Model of SMT Let consider the mathematical model of SMT which is described by the nonlinear differen- tial equations system based on the boundary conditions [7]:      ṗ (t) = 2 � p (t) �(3/2) (Q (t) + 1)−1 aφ Q̇ (t) = � −p (t) �(−3/2) (Q (t) + keywords: adaptive; control; model; reference; samigulina; smt; spacecraft; system cache: ejpam-2135.pdf plain text: ejpam-2135.txt item: #129 of 2048 id: ejpam-2148 author: Acikgoz, Ahu; Tas, Nihal title: Binary Soft Set Theory date: 2016 words: 4814 flesch: 92 summary: Also some properties of binary soft sets are investigated. In Section 3 we introduce the concept of a binary soft set and the operations on binary soft sets such as binary subset, binary equality, union of two binary soft sets, intersection of two binary soft sets, difference of two binary soft sets, symmetric difference of two binary soft sets etc. keywords: binary; set cache: ejpam-2148.pdf plain text: ejpam-2148.txt item: #130 of 2048 id: ejpam-2152 author: Gonce Kocken, Hale; Ahlatcioglu Ozkok, Beyza; Tiryaki, Fatma title: A Compensatory Fuzzy Approach to Multi-Objective Linear Transportation Problem with Fuzzy Parameters date: 2014 words: 6167 flesch: 74 summary: Solving fuzzy transportation problems based on extension principle. [3] examined the solution of MOTP which has fuzzy cost, source and destination parameters. keywords: compensatory; solution cache: ejpam-2152.pdf plain text: ejpam-2152.txt item: #131 of 2048 id: ejpam-2159 author: El-Mikkawy, Moawwad E A; Atlan, Faiz title: Observations on Some Special Matrices and Polynomials date: 2015 words: 4863 flesch: 90 summary: Math, 8 (2015), 135-151 147 Hence n # k= j c(n, k)S(k# 1, j # 1) =(n# j)! ! n# 1 j # 1 2 =(n# 1)n# j ! (i # 1)!(n# i)! keywords: matrix cache: ejpam-2159.pdf plain text: ejpam-2159.txt item: #132 of 2048 id: ejpam-2176 author: Saxena, Ram K; Tomovski, Zivorad; Sandev, Trifce title: Fractional Helmholtz and Fractional Wave Equations with Riesz-Feller and Generalized Riemann-Liouville Fractional Derivatives date: 2014 words: 8795 flesch: 76 summary: y a f (y ′) (y − y ′)1−µ dy ′, y > a, ℜ(µ)> 0. (6) For µ= 0, this is the identity operator, � y I0 a+ f � (y) = f (y). Similarly, R-L fractional derivative is defined by [11, 18, 36] � y Dµa+ f � (y) = � d dy �n � y In−µ a+ f � (y), ℜ(µ)> 0, n= � ℜ(µ) � + 1, (7) R. Saxena, Ž. Tomovski, T. Sandev / Eur. keywords: derivative; equation; f �; fractional; n(x; riesz; yµ/2 �; � y; � |x; � � cache: ejpam-2176.pdf plain text: ejpam-2176.txt item: #133 of 2048 id: ejpam-2196 author: Fazaeli Moghimi, Hosein; Rashedi, Fatemeh title: On a Proper Subclass of Primeful Modules Which Contains the Class of Finitely Generated Modules Properly date: 2015 words: 3173 flesch: 87 summary: A submodule Q of M is said to be primary- like if Q 6= M and whenever rm ∈ Q (where r ∈ R and m ∈ M) implies r ∈ (Q : M) or ∗Corresponding author. if P 6= M and for p = (P : M), whenever rm ∈ P (where r ∈ R and m ∈ M) then m ∈ P or r ∈ p keywords: module cache: ejpam-2196.pdf plain text: ejpam-2196.txt item: #134 of 2048 id: ejpam-2199 author: Kudri, Soraya Rosana Torres; Roika, Clarice Aparecida; Breuckmann, Tomaz. K. title: On Locally Hurewicz Spaces date: 2015 words: 6294 flesch: 89 summary: Consider ∀n ∈ N, Hn = {Un j} j∈Jn ∪ Y c , then Hn is a covering of H by open sets in X , because Y is a closed set we have that Y c is an open set in X and for each x ∈ H if x ∈ Y then x ∈ H ∩ Y , then there exists j ∈ Jn such that x ∈ Un j , if x /∈ Jn, such that Hn = {Vn j} j∈In . (ii) ∀y ∈ Y,∃n0 ∈ N such that ∀n ∈ N if n≥ n0 then there exists V ∈ keywords: hurewicz cache: ejpam-2199.pdf plain text: ejpam-2199.txt item: #135 of 2048 id: ejpam-221 author: Hollings, Christopher title: From right PP monoids to restriction semigroups: a survey date: 2009 words: 12713 flesch: 77 summary: We record some of the basic results in the theory of left restriction semigroups, before moving on to Section 5, where we consider the special case of left ample semigroups. Just as we did for left restriction semigroups, we now provide an abstract characterisation of left ample semigroups. keywords: e(s; inverse; left; math; monoid; restriction; right; semigroups; theorem; type cache: ejpam-221.pdf plain text: ejpam-221.txt item: #136 of 2048 id: ejpam-2217 author: Boyaci, Yasar; Avcioglu, Osman title: Some Relations Between Crossed Modules and Simplicial Objects in Categories of Interest date: 2014 words: 2310 flesch: 76 summary: = x ∗ y + x ∗ z; (d) for each ω ∈ Ω′1 and ∗ ∈ Ω′2, E includes the identities ω(x + y) = ω(x) + ω(y) and ω(x ∗ y) =ω(x) ∗ y . c′1 = c1 + c′1 − c1, ∂ (c1) ∗ c′1 = c1 ∗ c′1, for all c1, c′1 ∈ C1, and ∗ ∈ Ω′2, then the triple (C1, C0,∂ ) is called a crossed module in C. Definition 7. keywords: simplicial cache: ejpam-2217.pdf plain text: ejpam-2217.txt item: #137 of 2048 id: ejpam-2219 author: Shehata, Abdel Rahman M.; Al-Zaidy, Jammel F. title: Canonical Reduction of the Self-Dual Yang Mills Equations to Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equations and Exact Solutions date: 2017 words: 3510 flesch: 70 summary: The classical solutions to nonlinear field equations give us insight into the bound state behavior of field theories, particular interest are new class of classical solutions of the Yang Mills equations. The paper is organized as follows: On one hand the reduction of Yang-Mills theory to cGL equation , and exact solutions are presented in sections 2 and 3 respectively. keywords: equations; gauge; mills; physics; solutions; yang cache: ejpam-2219.pdf plain text: ejpam-2219.txt item: #138 of 2048 id: ejpam-2231 author: Khan, Waqar; Yousafzai, Faisal; Khan, Madad title: On (m,n)-ideals of Left Almost Semigroups date: 2016 words: 6372 flesch: 89 summary: Note that a0 is defined as an operator element such that a0 y = y and za0 = z for any y, z ∈ S. 3. 0-Minimal (0, 2)-Bi-Ideals in Unitary LA -Semigroups If S is a unitary LA -semigroup, then it is easy to see that S2 = S, SA2 = A2S and A⊆ SA ∀A ⊆ S. Note that every right ideal of a unitary LA -semigroup S is a left ideal of S but the converse is not true in general. Here Am or An are suppressed if m= 0 or n= 0, that is A0S = S or SA0 = S. Note that if m= n= 1, then an (m, n)-ideal A of an LA -semigroup S is called a bi-ideal of S. If we take m = 0 or n = 0, then an (m, n)-ideal A of an LA -semigroup S becomes a left or a right ideal of S. An (m, n)-ideal A of an LA -semigroup S with zero is said to be 0-minimal if A 6= {0} and {0} is the only (m, n)-ideal of S properly contained in A. An LA -semigroup S with zero is said to be 0-(0,2)-bisimple if S2 6= {0} and {0} is the only proper (0,2)-bi-ideal of S. An LA -semigroup S with zero is said to be nilpotent if S l = {0} for some positive integer l. Let m, n be non-negative integers and S be an LA -semigroup. keywords: -semigroup; ideal; sa2 cache: ejpam-2231.pdf plain text: ejpam-2231.txt item: #139 of 2048 id: ejpam-2240 author: Mareay, Roshdey; Nasef, Arafa; Michael, F.I. title: Idealization of Some Topological Concepts date: 2015 words: 2935 flesch: 86 summary: Since A⊆ B, we have that G \ B ⊆ G \ A∈ I ; moreover, B \ cl(G) Indeed, if A is I − β -open, then there is a preopen set G such that G \ A,and A\ cl(G) keywords: -open cache: ejpam-2240.pdf plain text: ejpam-2240.txt item: #140 of 2048 id: ejpam-2245 author: Batoul, Aicha; Guenda, Kenza; Kaya, Abidin; Yildiz, Bahattin title: Cyclic Isodual and Formally Self-dual Codes over F_q+vF_q date: 2015 words: 7609 flesch: 86 summary: In addition to the theoretical work on the structure of these codes, we construct examples of good codes over different alphabets from cyclic self-dual and formally self-dual codes over R. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 94B15, 94B05 Key Words and Phrases: Isodual Codes, Duadic codes, formally self-dual codes, cyclic codes 1. Recently, Zhu et al. considered the structure of cyclic codes over F2 + vF2 in [17]. keywords: codes; cyclic; dual; self cache: ejpam-2245.pdf plain text: ejpam-2245.txt item: #141 of 2048 id: ejpam-2252 author: Bayrak Gurses, Nurten; Yuce, Salim title: One-Parameter Planar Motion in Affine Cayley-Klein Planes date: 2014 words: 2786 flesch: 72 summary: If we use the equation (8) for a pole point P = (p1, p2) ∈ Pε of the motions Pε/P ′ ε, we have � −u̇2 + ϕ̇(−u1 + x1) Then, if we take the acceleration pole point Q = (q1,q2) ∈ Pε of the motions Pε/P ′ ε, we get the following equation system: ¨ ε � ϕ̇ �2 � x1 − p1 � + εϕ̈ � x2 − p2 � = εϕ̇ ṗ2 ϕ̈ � x1 − p1 � − ε � ϕ̇ �2 � x2 − p2 � = ṗ1ϕ̇ (15) If ε � ϕ̇ �4 + � ϕ̈ �2 6= 0, we obtain the pole point from the above system as follows:            � ε2 � ϕ̇(t) �4 + ε � ϕ̈(t) �2 � q1(t) keywords: motions; parameter; plane cache: ejpam-2252.pdf plain text: ejpam-2252.txt item: #142 of 2048 id: ejpam-2260 author: Aradi, Bernadett title: Left Invariant Finsler Manifolds are Generalized Berwald date: 2015 words: 3052 flesch: 78 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53C60, 58B20, 22E99 Key Words and Phrases: Generalized Berwald manifold, Lie group, left invariant Finsler function, averaging process, geodesics 1. We also have a look at the more specific bi-invariant case, and review some essential results concerning bi-invariant Finsler functions with (at least partly) new and conceptual proofs. keywords: berwald; finsler cache: ejpam-2260.pdf plain text: ejpam-2260.txt item: #143 of 2048 id: ejpam-2272 author: Sarohe, Poonam; Dubey, manish kant title: On 2-absorbing primary ideals in commutative semirings date: 2016 words: 6240 flesch: 88 summary: (1) Let Sx be a weakly 2-absorbing primary ideal of S and r, s, t ∈ S with rst ∈ Sx . A nonempty subset I of a semiring S is called an ideal of S if a, b ∈ I and r ∈ S, a + b ∈ I and ra, ar ∈ I . keywords: ideal; primary cache: ejpam-2272.pdf plain text: ejpam-2272.txt item: #144 of 2048 id: ejpam-2287 author: Basu, Sukanya title: Analyzing Periodic Solutions of an ODE Suspension Bridge Model using Difference Equations and Polynomial Methods date: 2014 words: 7771 flesch: 67 summary: It was also missing three key aspects, namely, (a) bounds on the number of real equilibria and real periodic solutions, (b) existence conditions for the real equilibria and periodic solutions, and (c) global attractivity results for these solutions including basins of attraction and precise bifurcation values for the parameters λ and µ. In this paper, the author will set up a rigorous mathematical foundation for the McKenna- Moore suspension bridge model (1) by first discretizing it and then employing analytical and geometrical methods from the theory of difference equations (see [2–4, 9–12, 15]) to analyze equilibria and periodic solutions of the resulting difference equation. Since periodic solutions of discrete 2D-systems occur in pairs, one can conclude that there exist at most three pairs of real nontrivial periodic solutions of equation (12) for 0< keywords: bridge; equation; equilibria; model; solutions cache: ejpam-2287.pdf plain text: ejpam-2287.txt item: #145 of 2048 id: ejpam-2289 author: Kendirli, Baris title: Evaluation of Some Convolution Sums by Quasimodular Forms date: 2015 words: 9786 flesch: 83 summary: The vector space M2[Γ0(55)] has dimension 8 and is spanned by three new forms ∆2,55,1, ∆2,55,2, ∆2,55,3 (z) (the Galois conjugate of ∆2,55,2 (z) by x2 − 2x − 1, t = 1+ p 2). =− 1 40 nσ � n 2 � + 1 24 σ � n 2 � − 1 8 nσ � n 10 � + 1 24 σ � n 10 � + 5 312 σ3 � n 2 � + 125 312 σ3 � n 10 � − 1 130 τ4,5 � n 2 � . keywords: σ �; σ3 �; � +; � −; � � cache: ejpam-2289.pdf plain text: ejpam-2289.txt item: #146 of 2048 id: ejpam-2299 author: Valadkhani, Arezou; Hosseinioun, Alireza title: (-1)-weak amenability of Unitized Banach Algebras date: 2016 words: 4011 flesch: 90 summary: Let A be a Banach algebra and A′′ be its second dual, for each a, b ∈ A, f ∈ A′ and F, G ∈ A′′ we define f · a, a · f and F · f , f · F ∈ A′ by f · a(b) = f (a · b), a · f (b) = f (b · a) F · f (a) =F( f · a), f · F(a) = F(a · f ). = δλ1 (F), for F ∈ A′′ (Note that since A#′ = A′ ⊕Ce′, λ0 ∈ A′ and α0 ∈ C are unique and H1(A′′,A#′) = H1(A′′#,A#′) keywords: algebra; a′′; banach cache: ejpam-2299.pdf plain text: ejpam-2299.txt item: #147 of 2048 id: ejpam-23 author: Shum, Kar Ping; Kong, Xiangzhi; Ding, Yue title: On the structure of regular H-cryptogroups date: 2007 words: 7260 flesch: 82 summary: [9]. Let S = (Y ;Sα) be a semilattice of the semigroups Sα, where each Sα is a subsemigroup of the semigroup S and Y is a semilattice. Definition 2.1 Let S = (Y ; Sα) be a semigroup. keywords: semigroup; semilattice cache: ejpam-23.pdf plain text: ejpam-23.txt item: #148 of 2048 id: ejpam-2310 author: Pal, Manisha; Tiensuwan, Montip title: Exponentiated Transmuted Modified Weibull Distribution date: 2015 words: 4893 flesch: 75 summary: Discussion In this paper, we introduce a new generalization of the Weibull distribution called expo- nentiated transmuted modified Weibull distribution and discuss its intrinsic properties. Transmuted modified Weibull distribution: A Generalization of the Modified Weibull Probability Distribution. keywords: distribution; p(−αt; weibull cache: ejpam-2310.pdf plain text: ejpam-2310.txt item: #149 of 2048 id: ejpam-2312 author: Hussain, Sabir title: On Some Properties of Weak Soft Axioms date: 2017 words: 5746 flesch: 87 summary: Let (X, τ,A) be a soft topological space over X and eG, eH are two distinct soft points in X̃A. If there exist soft disjoint soft semi-open sets (F1, A) and (F2, A) such that eG∈̃(F1, A), eH ∈̃(F2, A), then (X, τ,A) is called soft semi-T2-space. Since (X, τ,A) is soft semi-T2-space and eG and eH are distinct soft points in X̃A, then there exist soft disjoint soft semi-open sets (G1, A) and (G2, A) such that eG∈̃(G1, A) and eH ∈̃(G2, A). keywords: semi; set; space cache: ejpam-2312.pdf plain text: ejpam-2312.txt item: #150 of 2048 id: ejpam-2317 author: Shrestha, Khim Raj title: Hardy Spaces on the Polydisk date: 2016 words: 4567 flesch: 91 summary: We will see below that for f ∈ H p(Dn), 1 ≤ p <∞, the non-tangential limit of fz j1 ,...,z jk exists at almost all points of the distinguished boundary of the section Dn z j1 ,...,z jk which is Tl and the function fz j1 ,...,z jk can be restored by the Poisson integral of this limit. Let f ∈ H p(Dn), 1≤ p <∞. Then fz j1 ,...,z jk ∈ H p(Dl). keywords: theorem; � � cache: ejpam-2317.pdf plain text: ejpam-2317.txt item: #151 of 2048 id: ejpam-2332 author: Seikh, Mijanur Rahaman; Nayak, Prasun Kumar; Pal, Madhumangal title: Solving Bi-matrix Games with Pay-offs of Triangular In-tuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers date: 2015 words: 7586 flesch: 79 summary: These two classes of fuzzy bi-matrix games are referred as bi-matrix games with I-fuzzy goals and bi-matrix games with I-fuzzy pay-off. In the following, we shall often call a two-person bi-matrix game with pay-offs of TIFNs as intuitionistic fuzzy bi-matrix game, denoted byáI FBG = (SI ,SI I , Ã, B̃). keywords: games; matrix; non cache: ejpam-2332.pdf plain text: ejpam-2332.txt item: #152 of 2048 id: ejpam-2333 author: Hoque, Azizul title: On the Exponential Diophantine Equation $ (M_{pq} )^x+(M_{pq}+1)^y=z^2$ date: 2016 words: 1407 flesch: 91 summary: This gives pq y = z2 − (Mpq k)2 and thus pq y = (z + Mpq k)(z − Mpq k). Thus we have Mpq = 3, x = 2k = 2, y = 2 and z = p j + (Mpq) k = 5. keywords: mpq cache: ejpam-2333.pdf plain text: ejpam-2333.txt item: #153 of 2048 id: ejpam-2335 author: Parzlivand, Farzaneh; Shahrezaee, Alimardan title: Radial Basis Functions for the Solution of an Inverse Problem of Mixed Parabolic-Hyperbolic Type date: 2015 words: 5472 flesch: 79 summary: We collocate (32) in (N − 2)×M points Ω1 = {(xk, ts)|k = 2,3, . . . Radial basis functions methods for solving Fokker Planck equation. keywords: equations; method; problem cache: ejpam-2335.pdf plain text: ejpam-2335.txt item: #154 of 2048 id: ejpam-2337 author: Ravi, K.; Kumar, Senthil title: Generalized Hyers-Ulam Stability of a System of Bi-Reciprocal Functional Equations date: 2015 words: 4458 flesch: 82 summary: i=0 4iH(2i+1 x , 2i y, 2i y)<& % & & & ' & & & ( (6) for all x , y % X . i=0 4iH(2i+1 x , 2i y, 2i y) (9) for all x , y % X . keywords: r(x cache: ejpam-2337.pdf plain text: ejpam-2337.txt item: #155 of 2048 id: ejpam-2338 author: Hollings, Christopher title: Three Approaches to Inverse Semigroups date: 2015 words: 13919 flesch: 64 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 01A60, 20-03, 20M18, 20L05 Key Words and Phrases: inverse semigroup (fundamental, E-unitary, proper), inductive groupoid, idempotent-separating congruence, Munn representation, E-unitary cover, minimum group congru- ence, maximum group image, P-semigroup, P-Theorem 1. The investigation of inverse semigroups by means of their corresponding inductive group- oids (on the history of which, I have already written in detail in [40]) goes back to the his- torical roots of the notion of an inverse semigroup. keywords: congruence; ehresmann; groupoid; inverse; inverse semigroups; mcalister; munn; notion; partial; theorem cache: ejpam-2338.pdf plain text: ejpam-2338.txt item: #156 of 2048 id: ejpam-2344 author: Boualem, Mohamed; Cherfaou, Mouloud; Bouchentouf, Amina Angelika; Aissani, Djamil title: Modeling, Simulation and Performance Analysis of a Flexible Production System date: 2015 words: 8827 flesch: 69 summary: In some situations there may indeed be an infinite supply of work; in production systems, the supply of parts for processing at an expensive machine may be controlled and not allowed to exhaust. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 60K25, 68M20, 90B22 Key Words and Phrases: Queueing models; flexible production systems; modeling; simulation; stabil- ity. keywords: class; customers; network; stability; station; system cache: ejpam-2344.pdf plain text: ejpam-2344.txt item: #157 of 2048 id: ejpam-2346 author: Pal, Buddhadev; Dey, Santu; Bhattacharyya, Arindam title: Regularization of heptahedra using geometric element transformation method date: 2018 words: 5711 flesch: 69 summary: Now, we give an example of a heptahedron which is regular base heptahedron but q(H) 6= By Geometric element transformation method (GETMe) always we get a new element. keywords: example; heptahedron; transformation;  ;   cache: ejpam-2346.pdf plain text: ejpam-2346.txt item: #158 of 2048 id: ejpam-2347 author: Menken, Hamza; Colakoglu, Ozge title: Some Properties of the p-Adic Beta Function date: 2015 words: 4619 flesch: 92 summary: = (−1)p pn! pn−1!ppn−1 (iii) n!= (−1)n+1−s(−p)(n−sn)/(p−1) n Π j=0 Γp �� n p j � + 1 � H. Menken, Ö. Çolakoğlu / Eur. If n, m ∈ N, then Bp(−n,−m) = (−1) � 1+ � n+m p � − � n p � − � m p �� hp(n+m) hp(n)hp(m) keywords: p �; � m; � � cache: ejpam-2347.pdf plain text: ejpam-2347.txt item: #159 of 2048 id: ejpam-2366 author: Bingi, Ashok V.; Manjarekar, C. S. title: φ-Prime and φ-Primary Elements in Lattice Modules date: 2021 words: 15176 flesch: 86 summary: If a proper element N ∈ M is primary, then √ N : IM ∈ L is prime. Math, 14 (2) (2021), 551-577 553 every element N ∈ M there exists an element a ∈ L such that N = aIM . keywords: element n; module m; primary; prime cache: ejpam-2366.pdf plain text: ejpam-2366.txt item: #160 of 2048 id: ejpam-237 author: Hatir, Esref; Noiri, Takashi title: On Hausdorff Spaces via Ideals and Semi-I-irresolute Functions date: 2009 words: 3115 flesch: 90 summary: Math, 2 (2009), (172-181) 173 present authors defined the notion of semi-open sets via ideals to obtain decomposi- tion of continuity. [10] N. Levine, Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces, Amer. keywords: hausdorff cache: ejpam-237.pdf plain text: ejpam-237.txt item: #161 of 2048 id: ejpam-2371 author: Shukurov, Aydin title: Simpler Proof of the Ringrose's Characterization of Compact Operators date: 2015 words: 917 flesch: 66 summary: The aim of this note is to give short, simpler and elementary proof of one characterization of compact operators via orthonormal sequences, which, hopefully will make this fact more accessible to nonspecialists and to a wide audience (especially to students). Key Words and Phrases: orthonormal sequence and orthonormal bases in Hilbert space, Ringrose’s characterization of compact operators, linear operators, compact operators 1. keywords: hilbert; operator; space cache: ejpam-2371.pdf plain text: ejpam-2371.txt item: #162 of 2048 id: ejpam-2382 author: Masal, Melek; Azak, Ayse Zeynep title: Frenet Apparatus of the Curves and Some Special Curves in the Euclidean 5-Space $E^5$ date: 2015 words: 5764 flesch: 84 summary: (34) From the equations (28) and (30), we get Ẏ 2 Ÿ − Ẏ , Ÿ � Ẏ = −(c − s)3k4 1V1 + (c − s)3k3 1k2V3 (35) and Ẏ 2 Ÿ − Ẏ , Ÿ � Ẏ = (c − s)3k3 1 q k2 1 + k2 2. (36) If we use the equations (11) and (14), then we will obtain the second Frenet vector and the first curvature of curve Y as follows; V Y 2 = − k1 q k2 1 + k2 2 V1 + k2 q k2 1 + k2 2 V3 (37) and kY 1 = q k2 1 + k2 2 (c − s)k1 (38) respectively. (50) On the other hand, for the base � V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and mi(s) ∈ R C − X (s) = m1(s)V1(s) +m2(s)V2(s) +m3(s)V3(s) +m4(s)V4(s) keywords: curve cache: ejpam-2382.pdf plain text: ejpam-2382.txt item: #163 of 2048 id: ejpam-2402 author: Ispir, Nurhayat; Gungor, Åžule Yuksel title: The Exact Order of Approximation for Bivariate Complex Bernstein-Schurer Polynomials date: 2016 words: 5444 flesch: 79 summary: = � �Bn,p(ek)(z1)− ek(z1) � �≤ k (k− 1) � n+ p � �� p+ 1 � r1 �k + 1 n �� p+ 1 � r1 �k − rk 1 n . p+ 1 � r1 �k , and in similar way, A= � �Bm,q(e j)(z2)− (e j)(z2) � �≤ 2( j−1) m+q �� q+ 1 � r2 � j . keywords: j �; p �; z2 �; � bn; � f; � z1; � ∂; � −; � � cache: ejpam-2402.pdf plain text: ejpam-2402.txt item: #164 of 2048 id: ejpam-2406 author: Manjarekar, C. S.; Kandale, Ujwala Narahari title: Classical Quasi Primary Elements in Lattice Modules date: 2015 words: 7410 flesch: 88 summary: If N ¶ Q, (Q : N) = 1. This gives, abr IM ¶ Q. By classical quasi primality of Q, we have, either (ab)k IM ¶ Q or rk IM ¶ Q for some k ∈ Z+. keywords: element; primary; quasi cache: ejpam-2406.pdf plain text: ejpam-2406.txt item: #165 of 2048 id: ejpam-2415 author: Manjarekar, C. S.; Kandale, Ujwala Narahari title: Baer Elements in Lattice Modules date: 2015 words: 6232 flesch: 93 summary: For F1, F2 ∈ F(L∗) (i) F1 ⊆ F2 implies 0F1M ¶ 0F2M . (ii) 0F1M ∧ 0F2 We have y ∈ F and xn IM ¶ 0F M . keywords: element cache: ejpam-2415.pdf plain text: ejpam-2415.txt item: #166 of 2048 id: ejpam-2418 author: Barzegar, Hasan title: Essentiality in the Category of S-acts date: 2016 words: 4097 flesch: 84 summary: = p2s2 = q2s2 = p3s3 = . . For b ∈ A, Ib = S and the result is obvious. keywords: extension; monomorphism cache: ejpam-2418.pdf plain text: ejpam-2418.txt item: #167 of 2048 id: ejpam-2419 author: Hosamani, Sunilkumar M; S. Ramane, Harishchandra title: On Degree Sum Energy of a Graph date: 2016 words: 1758 flesch: 79 summary: [12] introduced the concept of degree sum energy, which is defined as follow: Definition 1. Bounds for the degree sum eigenvalues and degree sum energy of a graph. keywords: graph; i=1 cache: ejpam-2419.pdf plain text: ejpam-2419.txt item: #168 of 2048 id: ejpam-2426 author: Jain, Rashmi; Kansal, Sangita; Acharya, Mukti title: C-cycle Compatible Splitting Signed Graphs S(S) and Γ(S) date: 2015 words: 3453 flesch: 79 summary: In this paper, we establish a structural characterization of signed graph S for which S(S) and !(S) are isomorphic and ! 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C22; 05C75 Key Words and Phrases: canonical marking, splitting signed graph, ! keywords: s(s cache: ejpam-2426.pdf plain text: ejpam-2426.txt item: #169 of 2048 id: ejpam-2434 author: AlQudah, Mohammad A title: Generalized Tschebyscheff of the Second Kind and Bernstein Polynomials Change of Bases date: 2015 words: 3160 flesch: 77 summary: , n, (1) are called Bernstein polynomials. Math, 8 (2015), 324-331 325 There are a fair amount of literature on Bernstein polynomials, they are known for their geometric and analytical properties, see [2] for more details. keywords: � � cache: ejpam-2434.pdf plain text: ejpam-2434.txt item: #170 of 2048 id: ejpam-245 author: Jaroma, John H. title: Equivalence of Pepin's and the Lucas-Lehmer tests date: 2009 words: 2807 flesch: 85 summary: 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11A41, 11A51, 11B39 Key Words and Phrases: Primes, primality test, Lehmer sequence, Pepin’s test, Lucas-Lehmer test. †Although Lucas did not attempt to give necessary tests, one of them is in fact necessary. keywords: lehmer; test cache: ejpam-245.pdf plain text: ejpam-245.txt item: #171 of 2048 id: ejpam-2461 author: Paris, Richard Bruce title: The Asymptotic Expansion of a Generalisation of the Euler-Jacobi Series date: 2016 words: 6704 flesch: 78 summary: When p = 6, we have κ= 5, q = 6 5 , N = 1, K = ⌊13 m⌋ and X = 5( 1 3 π)6/5 a−1/5, λ j (11) ∗The nearest integer part corresponds to [x] = N when x is in the interval (N − 1 2 , N + 1 2 ]. keywords: expansion cache: ejpam-2461.pdf plain text: ejpam-2461.txt item: #172 of 2048 id: ejpam-2465 author: Abbas, Mohamed I. title: Existence and Uniqueness of Mittage-Leffler-Ulam Stable Solution for Fractional Integrodifferential Equations with Nonlocal Initial Conditions date: 2015 words: 7666 flesch: 85 summary: − g(y))− ∫ t 0 (t − s)α−1T (t − s) f (s, x(s), Iβ x(s))ds � � � � � ≤ � � � � � y(t)− S(t)(y0 − g(y))− ∫ t 0 (t − s)α−1T (t − s) f (s, y(s), Iβ y(s))ds � � � � � + � � � � � ∫ t 0 (t − s)α−1T (t − s)[ f (s, y(s), − g(y))− ∫ t 0 (t − s)α−1T (t − s) f (s, x(s), Iβ x(s))ds � � � � � ≤ � � � � � y(t)− S(t)(y0 − g(y))− ∫ t 0 (t − s)α−1T (t − s) f (s, y(s), Iβ y(s))ds � � � � � + � � � � � ∫ t 0 (t − s)α−1T (t − s)[ f (s, y(s), keywords: ds �; p �; t −; ≤ �; � +; � p−1; � ∫; � ≤; � � cache: ejpam-2465.pdf plain text: ejpam-2465.txt item: #173 of 2048 id: ejpam-2468 author: Kendirli, Baris title: Fourier Coefficients of some Eta Quotients of Weight 8 date: 2015 words: 9816 flesch: 76 summary: = ( 1 2 p+ 15 4 p2 + 91 8 p3 + 273 16 p4 + 41 4 p5 − 99 16 p6 − 65 4 p7 − 213 16 p8 − 23 4 p9 − 21 16 p10 − 1 8 p11)k8, f2 := ∞ ∑ n=0 f2 (n) = η5 (4z)η33 (6z) η7 (2z)η15 (12z) = ( 1 2 p+ 15 4 p2 + 45 4 p3 + 65 4 p4 + 33 4 p5 − 33 4 p6 − 65 4 p7 − 45 4 p8 − 15 4 p9 − 1 2 p10)k8, f3 := ∞ ∑ n=0 f3 (n) = η9 (2z)η17 (6z) η3 (4z)η7 (12z) = ( 1 2 p+ 15 4 p2 + 37 4 p3 + 13 4 p4 − 87 4 p5 − 121 4 p6 + 19 4 p7 + 135 4 p8 + 65 4 p9 − 17 2 p10 − 9p11 − 2p12)k8, f4 := ∞ ∑ n=0 f4 (n) = η17 (2z)η9 (6z) η7 (4z)η3 (12z) = ( 1 2 p+ 15 4 p2 + 33 4 p3 − 13 4 p4 − 135 4 p 5 − 99 4 p6 + 171 4 p7 + 225 4 p8 − 63 4 p9 − 44p10 − 6p11 + 12p12 + 4p13)k8, f5 := ∞ ∑ n=0 f5 (n) = η25 (2z)η (6z)η (12z) η11 (4z) = ( 1 2 p+ 15 4 p2 + 29 4 p3 − 39 4 p4 − 175 4 p 5 − 33 4 p6 + 375 4 p7 + 219 4 p8 − 399 4 p9 − 145 2 p10 + 54p11 + 40p12 − 12p13 − 8p14)k8, f6 := ∞ ∑ n=0 f6 (n) = η33 (2z)η5 (12z) η15 (4z)η7 (6z) − 172211/62730k10 + 85609/62730k11 − 21547/31365k12 + 6041/31365k13 − 2038/31365k14 − 5968/31365k15 + 11936/31365k16, r8 =8170304/31365k0 − 553454/1845k1 + 8087054/31365k2 − 6100906/31365k3 + 4250186/31365k4 − 2796223/31365k5 + 1754294/31365k6 − 1053046/31365k7 + 597956/31365k8 − 18419/1845k9 + 139724/31365k10 − 32926/31365k11 − 24124/31365k12 + 65132/31365k13 − 74056/31365k14 + 91904/31365k15 − 183808/31365k16, r9 =− 1116896/6273k0 + 1011709/6273k1 − 836363/6273k2 + 649939/6273k3 − 479906/6273k4 + 336985/6273k5 − 223349/6273k6 + 137143/6273k7 − 74396/6273k8 + 30469/6273k9 − 575/6273k10 − 19181/6273k11 + 30910/6273k12 − 38834/6273k13 + 39148/6273k14 − 39776/6273k15 + 79552/6273k16, r10 =1067584/31365k0 − 933638/31365k1 + 784454/31365k2 − 635366/31365k3 + 494146/31365k4 − 364693/31365k5 + 14642/1845k6 − 147746/31365k7 + 61556/31365k8 + 9607/31365k9 − 66056/31365k10 + 108554/31365k11 − 138764/31365k12 + 160012/31365k13 − 9608/1845k14 + 169984/31365k15 − 339968/31365k16, r11 =− 185456/94095k0 + 326609/188190k1 − 280927/188190k2 + 234563/188190k3 − 93929/94095k4 + 70492/94095k5 − 5531/11070k6 + 47033/188190k7 − 14/94095k8 − 23483/94095k9 + 93923/188190k10 − 140797/188190k11 + 93751/94095k12 − 116933/94095k13 + 8222/535k14 − 185456/94095k15 + 370912/94095k16. keywords: ∆2,8; � � cache: ejpam-2468.pdf plain text: ejpam-2468.txt item: #174 of 2048 id: ejpam-2469 author: Karabiyik, Umit; Keskin Kaymakci, Aynur title: Some New Regular Generalized Closed Sets in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2016 words: 4407 flesch: 90 summary: Then, we get U ⊂ X − (int(cl(A)))∗. Hence U ⊂ (int(cl(A)))∗. Thus, U ⊂ (int(cl(A)))∗ ∩ X − (int(cl(A)))∗ = ; and (int(cl(A)))∗ − A contains no any nonempty closed set. (2)⇒ (3) Let A be a regular closed and B be a regular open subset of X , such that A⊆ B. Then A and (X − B) are disjoint regular closed set of X . keywords: set cache: ejpam-2469.pdf plain text: ejpam-2469.txt item: #175 of 2048 id: ejpam-2482 author: Mostafanasab, Hojjat; Tekir, Unsal; Hakan Oral, Kursat title: Classical 2-absorbing Submodules of Modules Over Commutative Rings date: 2015 words: 7564 flesch: 85 summary: A proper submodule N of M is called a 2-absorbing submodule of M if whenever abm N for some a, b R and m M , then am N or bm N or ab ! N :R M . an (N :R M) or there are n& 1 of ai ’s whose product with m is in N , see [14]. keywords: r m; submodule cache: ejpam-2482.pdf plain text: ejpam-2482.txt item: #176 of 2048 id: ejpam-2488 author: Al-Omeri, Wadei Faris; Noorani, M. S. Md.; Al-omeri, Ahmad; Noiri, T. title: Weak Separation Axioms via $e$-I- sets in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2015 words: 6332 flesch: 93 summary: = ;. (iii) ⇒ (iv): Suppose that Cl∗e ({x}) 6= Cl∗e ({y}) for distinct points x , y ∈ X . if and only if for x , y ∈ X , IeKer({x}) 6= IeKer({y}), there exist disjoint e-I -open sets U and V such that Cl∗e ({x}) ⊂ keywords: cl∗e cache: ejpam-2488.pdf plain text: ejpam-2488.txt item: #177 of 2048 id: ejpam-2492 author: Ridley, Dennis title: On the Variance of Antithetic Time Series date: 2015 words: 7621 flesch: 71 summary: To illustrate the effect of variance, let us consider the results of hypothetical simulations for the lognormal time series X t = exp � Yt � , where Yt = βYt−1 + et , t = 2,3, . . − 2w ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 Var � X t �− 2 (1−w)exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � σ2/ q Var � X t � p exp(σ2)− 1 Var � X t � =  �w2 − 2w � ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 + 1− 2 (1−w)exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � σ2/ q Var � X t � p exp(σ2)− 1 + (1−w)2exp � 2ln X̂ + s2 � Var � ln X̂ t � Var � X t � + 2w (1−w) ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � « × exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � Cov � ln X̂ t , X t−1 � Var � X t � � Var � X t � Appendix C: Per Unit Reduction in MSE Denoting the per unit reduction in MSE due to combining as PMSEc � σ2 � = MSE � σ2 �−MSEc � σ2 � MSE (σ2) REFERENCES 445 Substituting for MSE � σ2 � and MSEc � σ2 � from Appendix A and Appendix B. MSE � σ2 � =  1− ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 Var � X t � MSEc � σ2 � =  �w2 − 2w � ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 + 1− 2 (1−w)exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � σ2/ q Var � X t � p exp(σ2)− 1 + (1−w)2exp � 2ln X̂ + s2 � Var � ln X̂ t � Var � X t � + 2w (1−w) ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � « × exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � Cov � ln X̂ t , X t−1 � Var � X t � � Var � X t � From which MSE � σ2 �−MSEc � σ2 � =  1− ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 Var � X t �− ��w2 − 2w � × ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 + 1− 2 (1−w)exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � σ2/ q Var � X t � p exp(σ2)− 1 + (1−w)2exp � 2ln X̂ + s2 � Var � ln X̂ t � Var � X t � + 2w (1−w) ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � « × exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � Cov � ln X̂ t , X t−1 � Var � X t � � Var � X t � =  − �w2 − 2w+ 1 � ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � «2 + 2 (1−w)exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � σ2/ q Var � X t � p exp(σ2)− 1 − (1−w)2exp � 2ln X̂ + s2 � Var � ln X̂ t � Var � X t � − 2w (1−w) ¨ Φ+ Cov � ǫt , X t−1 � Var � X t � « × exp � ln X̂ + s2 2 � Cov � ln X̂ t , X t−1 � Var � X t � � Var � X t � =  −(w− keywords: cov �; t �; t−1 �; var �; x t−1; σ2 �; � exp; � ln; � p; � x; � ǫt; � � cache: ejpam-2492.pdf plain text: ejpam-2492.txt item: #178 of 2048 id: ejpam-2494 author: Rajasekaran, I; Ravi, O .; Kanna, S Satheesh; Paranjothi, M title: New Generalized Classes of tau-omega date: 2016 words: 5277 flesch: 95 summary: Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces, American Mathemat- ical Monthly, 70, 36 - 41. 1963. Then, we have U ⊂ H ⊂ cl(U). keywords: open cache: ejpam-2494.pdf plain text: ejpam-2494.txt item: #179 of 2048 id: ejpam-2495 author: Kaliswami, Krishnaveni; Mandarasalam, Vigneshwaran title: bT- compactness and bT - connectedness in Supra Topological Spaces date: 2017 words: 5477 flesch: 87 summary: Math, 10 (2) (2017), 323-334 334 5 K.Krishnaveni and M.Vigneshwaran,Some Stronger forms of supra bTµ - continuous function, Int. Then X cannot be expressed as disjoint union of two non empty proper subset of X. Suppose X is not bTµ -connected space. keywords: btµ; cover cache: ejpam-2495.pdf plain text: ejpam-2495.txt item: #180 of 2048 id: ejpam-2498 author: Solgun, Mehmet title: Perfect Morse Function on SO(n) date: 2016 words: 2996 flesch: 85 summary: Then, the Morse polynomial of f is defined to be Pf (t) = n ∑ k=0 µk tk (13) where µk is the number of critical points of f of index k. The same argument is also true for degenerate critical points. keywords: function cache: ejpam-2498.pdf plain text: ejpam-2498.txt item: #181 of 2048 id: ejpam-2501 author: Shahrezaee, Alimardan; Rostamian, Malihe title: Application of Meshless Methods for Solving an Inverse Heat Conduction Problem date: 2016 words: 6538 flesch: 76 summary: = n+m+l∑ j=1 λ jϕ(x − x j , t − t j), (34) where ϕ(x , t) The approximated solution U∗µ for problems (7)-(11) and (12)-(16) my be given as: U∗µ(x , t) = n+m+l∑ j=1 λ µ∗ j ϕ(x − x j , t − t j), (41) Finally the heat temperature at surface x = 0 and initial condition in x ∈ [0, x∗] are given, respectively, by: g(t) keywords: method; problem; t j cache: ejpam-2501.pdf plain text: ejpam-2501.txt item: #182 of 2048 id: ejpam-2502 author: Abdellateef, Ahmed Ibrahim; Syed, Zahoor ul haque Ishaque title: Peristaltic Flow of Newtonian Nanofluid Through Inclined Annulus Cylinder date: 2016 words: 3128 flesch: 68 summary: We choose a cylindrical coordinate system (r ′, z′), where z′-axis lies along the centerline of the inner and outer tubes and r ′ is the distance measured radially. The problem has been studied in cylindrical coordinate system (r ′, z′), radial, and axial coordinates respectively, introducing a wave frame (r ′, z′) moving with velocity C away from the fixed frame (R′, Z ′) by the transformations. keywords: fluid; ∂ r; ∂ z cache: ejpam-2502.pdf plain text: ejpam-2502.txt item: #183 of 2048 id: ejpam-2506 author: Shah, Kunjan title: Solution of Burger's Equation in a One-Dimensional Groundwater Recharge by Spreading Using q-Homotopy Analysis Method date: 2016 words: 4026 flesch: 62 summary: If the porous medium is soil, water content is same as the soil moisture. The motion of water flow through unsaturated porous media is governed by continuity equation ∂ (ρSθ ) ∂ t = −∇M , (2) where ρS is the bulk density of medium on dry weight basis, θ is the moisture content at any depth Z on a dry weight basis and M is a mass of flux of moisture at any time t ≥ 0. keywords: content; moisture; water cache: ejpam-2506.pdf plain text: ejpam-2506.txt item: #184 of 2048 id: ejpam-2508 author: Aslan, Ahmet Faruk; Odabas, Alper title: Analyzing Group Theoretical Properties of Groups with Order 24 by GAP date: 2015 words: 2313 flesch: 78 summary: Table 1: Group & Generator Properties Group T Type of Group NS Number of Subgroups Group N Name of Group NNS Number of Normal Subgroups GAP T Type of GAP FiG Generators of Fitting Subgroup GAP N GAP Name of Group FrG Generators of Frattini Subgroup Deg. Subgroup lattice of C3 × C8 Group T 24/15 Group N D8 × C3 GAP T 24/11 GAP N d8× c3 Deg. 24 Ab. keywords: gap; group; subgroup; table cache: ejpam-2508.pdf plain text: ejpam-2508.txt item: #185 of 2048 id: ejpam-2515 author: Govindarajan, S. title: Hypergroups Associated with Ternary Relations and the Associated Join Space of the Spherical Geometry date: 2016 words: 7400 flesch: 82 summary: = x ◦ρ y ∪ y ◦ρ y ∪ y ◦ρ z. y = y e◦ρ x , for any x , y ∈ H, and therefore (H;e◦ρ) is commutative. keywords: ρ y; ρ z; ∈ ρ cache: ejpam-2515.pdf plain text: ejpam-2515.txt item: #186 of 2048 id: ejpam-2522 author: Rosas, Ennis; Nataraj, selvanayaki; Ilango, Gnanambal title: A Note on alpha grw-closed Sets date: 2016 words: 2966 flesch: 89 summary: Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces. A topological space (X ,τ) is said to be s-normal if for each pair of disjoint closed sets A and B, there exists disjoint semi-open sets U, V such that A⊆ U and B ⊆ V . keywords: αgrw cache: ejpam-2522.pdf plain text: ejpam-2522.txt item: #187 of 2048 id: ejpam-2531 author: Barnes, Benedict title: Polynomial Integral Transform for Solving Differential Equations date: 2016 words: 3515 flesch: 72 summary: =F(s) = ∫ ∞ 1 f (ln x). = sup 1≤x<∞ ∫ ∞ 1 | f (ln x).x−s−1|d x B( f (x))≤ sup 1≤x<∞ ∫ ∞ 1 | f (ln x)||x−s−1|d x B( f (x))≤M ∫ ∞ 1 | f (ln x)|d x , where M > 0. keywords: differential; transform cache: ejpam-2531.pdf plain text: ejpam-2531.txt item: #188 of 2048 id: ejpam-2534 author: Ulucak, Gulsen title: A Note on Primary and Weakly Primary Submodules date: 2016 words: 5122 flesch: 89 summary: Let 0M 6= r s m p ∈ NM for some r s ∈ RM and m p ∈ MM (for some r ∈ R, m ∈ M and s, p ∈ R\M). Let rm ∈ N for some r ∈ R, m ∈ M . keywords: submodule cache: ejpam-2534.pdf plain text: ejpam-2534.txt item: #189 of 2048 id: ejpam-2537 author: Dertli, Abdullah; Cengellenmis, Yasemin title: On (1+u)-cyclic and Cyclic Codes over F2+uF2+vF2 date: 2016 words: 4285 flesch: 92 summary: It is studied codes over the ring R= F2+uF2+vF2, u2 = 0, v2 = v,uv = vu= 0 which contains the two ring F2+uF2,u2 = 0 and F2+ vF2, v2 = v. It is introduced (1+u)-cyclic codes and cyclic codes over F2+uF2+ vF2. It is characterized codes over F2+ vF2 which are the images of (1+u)-cyclic codes and cyclic codes over F2 + uF2+ vF2. keywords: codes; cyclic; length cache: ejpam-2537.pdf plain text: ejpam-2537.txt item: #190 of 2048 id: ejpam-2541 author: Allehabi, Wedad Saleh; Kilicman, Adem title: On Convexity in Product of Riemannian Manifolds date: 2016 words: 2890 flesch: 76 summary: The intersection of any number of product convex subsets is convex subset. Convexity in Riemannian Manifolds Product In this section, we study some properties of convexity in Riemannian manifolds product. keywords: convex; manifolds; riemannian cache: ejpam-2541.pdf plain text: ejpam-2541.txt item: #191 of 2048 id: ejpam-2552 author: Boudou, Alain; Viguier-Pla, Sylvie title: Proximity Between Selfadjoint Operators and Between Their Associated Random Measures date: 2018 words: 8124 flesch: 82 summary: If A and A′ are two bounded selfadjoint operators which com- mute, of respective associated s.m.’s E and E ′, then E ∗ E ′ is the s.m. associated with the operator A+A′. A. Boudou, S. Viguier-Pla / Eur. As E ′ commute with E ∗ wE ′, Lemma 3.1 allows us to affirm that E ′ ∗ (E ∗ wE ′) ‖A−A ′‖∼ E ′, so that E ‖A−A ′‖∼ E ′, and the property is proved. keywords: associated; family; s.m cache: ejpam-2552.pdf plain text: ejpam-2552.txt item: #192 of 2048 id: ejpam-2553 author: Ameri, Reza; Kordi, Ali title: Regular Multiplicative Hyperrings date: 2016 words: 7389 flesch: 81 summary: Since, for all a ∈ R, there exists r ∈ R such that a = ara. Also, for all a ∈ R, there exists r ∈ R such that a = ara. keywords: hyperring; m(r; multiplicative cache: ejpam-2553.pdf plain text: ejpam-2553.txt item: #193 of 2048 id: ejpam-2562 author: Diop, Elhadji Demba Wade title: On "Essential" Subsemimodules and Weakly Co-Hopfian Semimodules date: 2016 words: 6836 flesch: 81 summary: A monomorphism f : M −→ M ′ is said to be essential if f (M)à M ′. It is known that an R-monomorphism f : M −→ M ′ of left R-modules is essential iff for any R-homomorphism g : M ′ −→ M”, g ◦ f is a monomorphism implies that g is a monomorphism. An R-monomorphism f : M −→ M ′ of left R-semimodules is essential if for any R-homomorphism g : M ′ −→ M ′′, g ◦ f is a monomorphism implies that g is a monomorphism. keywords: semimodule cache: ejpam-2562.pdf plain text: ejpam-2562.txt item: #194 of 2048 id: ejpam-2563 author: Markovic, Darija; Jukic, Dragan title: Nonlinear Least Squares Estimation of the Shifted Gompertz Distribution date: 2017 words: 4001 flesch: 81 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65D10, 65C20, 62J02 Key Words and Phrases: Shifted Gompertz distribution, nonlinear least squares, least squares estimate, lp-norm estimate, existence problem 1. Therefore, in other words, under the assumptions of the theorem, the LS estimate exists if and only if there is at least one shifted Gompertz distribution which is in an LS sense as good as or better than the best exponential distribution. keywords: distribution; gompertz cache: ejpam-2563.pdf plain text: ejpam-2563.txt item: #195 of 2048 id: ejpam-2571 author: Mostafanasab, Hojjat; Karimi, Negin title: (1 − 2u_2)-Constacylic Codes over F_p + uF_p + u^2F_p date: 2016 words: 3636 flesch: 92 summary: Constacyclic codes over finite fields form a remarkable class of linear codes, as they include the important family of cyclic codes. Most coding theory concerns on linear codes since they have clear structure that makes them simpler to discover, to understand and to encode and decode. keywords: codes cache: ejpam-2571.pdf plain text: ejpam-2571.txt item: #196 of 2048 id: ejpam-2584 author: Kir, Mehmet; Kiziltunc, Hukmi title: Generalized Fixed Point Theorems in Partial Metric Spaces date: 2016 words: 3941 flesch: 85 summary: If for each β ∈ � 0, 1 2 � and x , y ∈ X , we have F � p � T f x , T f y �� ≤ β � F � p � T x , T f x �� + F � p � T y, T f y ��� (10) where F : [0,∞)→ [0,∞) is nondecreasing continuous and F (t) If for all k ∈ [0, 1) and x , y ∈ X F � p � T f x , T f y �� ≤ kF � p � T x , T y �� (2) where F : [0,∞)→ [0,∞) is nondecreasing continuous and F (t) = 0 if and only if t = 0. keywords: f �; p �; y �; � t; � � cache: ejpam-2584.pdf plain text: ejpam-2584.txt item: #197 of 2048 id: ejpam-259 author: Tallafha, A.; Khalil, Roshdi Rashid title: Best Approximation in Uniformity Type Spaces date: 2009 words: 2792 flesch: 90 summary: Then we study best approximation in semi-linear uniform spaces. One can generate semi-linear uniform spaces as follows. keywords: ρ(x cache: ejpam-259.pdf plain text: ejpam-259.txt item: #198 of 2048 id: ejpam-2592 author: Akturk, Mehmet Ali; Kir, Mehmet; Yolacan, Esra title: Fixed Point Results for $\alpha -\psi -\varphi -$ Contractive Type Mappings in $b$-Metric-Like Spaces date: 2016 words: 4239 flesch: 85 summary: Math, 9 (2016), 175-185 176 (A1) if ς � x , y � = 0⇒ x = y; (A2) ς � x , y � = ς � y, x � ; (A3) ς � x , y � ≤ κ � ς (x , z) + ς � y, z �� . Then (a) a sequence � xn is convergent to x with respect to τς, if limn→∞ ς � xn, x � = ς (x , x); (b) a sequence � xn is a Cauchy sequence in (X ,ς) if limn,m→∞ ς � xn, xm � exists and is finite; (c) (X ,ς) is a complete b-metric-like space if for every Cauchy sequence � xn in X there exists x ∈ X such that limn,m→∞ ς � xn, xm � = limn→∞ ς � xn, x � = ς (x , x). keywords: xn+1 �; y �; ς �; � t; � xn; � � cache: ejpam-2592.pdf plain text: ejpam-2592.txt item: #199 of 2048 id: ejpam-2596 author: Raj, Kuldip; Anand, Renu; Jamwal, Seema title: O g-Statistical Convergence in Paranormed Spaces date: 2016 words: 6078 flesch: 93 summary: , zn−1 ��pk � + |µ| sup n≥1, q≥1 06=z1,...,zn−1∈X � 1 n q+n−1 ∑ j=q ∞ ∑ k=1 � Mk � x (k)j − x j ρ , z1, . . A sequence x = (x j) is said to be strongly p−Cesaro summable (0 < p <∞) to a limit λ in �� (M , [F], p,‖·, . . . , ·‖ � , g � if limk→∞ 1 k ∑k j=1(g(x j − λe))p = 0 and we write it as x j → λ[C , g]p. keywords: k=1 �; zn−1 �; � m; � mk; � pk; � � cache: ejpam-2596.pdf plain text: ejpam-2596.txt item: #200 of 2048 id: ejpam-2608 author: McHugh, Andrew Patrick title: Narrowing Cohomology for Complex S^6 date: 2017 words: 4798 flesch: 90 summary: Namely, h2,0 = a = c = d = 0. Some results on the Dolbeault cohomology of compact complex manifolds and of complex S6. keywords: complex; q bc cache: ejpam-2608.pdf plain text: ejpam-2608.txt item: #201 of 2048 id: ejpam-2620 author: Karaca, Yeliz; Hayta, Åžengul; Karabudak, Rana title: C-Support Vector Classification the Estimation of the MS Subgroups Classification with Selected Kernels and Parameters date: 2016 words: 7699 flesch: 66 summary: Table 6: C-SVC Kernel Parameters Kernel Type LINEAR POLY RBF SIGMOID Degree(poly) 1.00 2.00 1.00 3.00 Gamma in kernel function (poly/rbf/sigmoid) 0 Coef in kernel function 0 Tolerance of termination criteria (eps) 0.001 C (Complexity Cost) 1 Compute probability estimates 1 Use shrinking heuristics 1 Data normalization 1 As to (Radial Basis Function) Kernel, in the study Gaussian kernel type has been used. Many different practices have been applied for parameter values with Gamma in kernel function, Coef in kernel function, Tolerance of termination criteria, Complexity cost, Compute probability estimates, Use shrinking heuristics, and Data normalization. keywords: classification; data; disability; edss; function; karaca; kernel; linear; patients; set; study cache: ejpam-2620.pdf plain text: ejpam-2620.txt item: #202 of 2048 id: ejpam-2623 author: Diarra, Nafissatou; Sow, Djiby; Ould Cheikh Khlil, Ahmed Youssef title: On Indifferentiable Deterministic Hashing into Elliptic Curves date: 2017 words: 13953 flesch: 89 summary: = (x, y) if u 6= −1, where x = −u ( d3u3+ u3 + 1 )1/3 , v = − ( d3u3+ u3 + 1 )1/3 + du; • and hd(u) Math, 10 (2) (2017), 363-391 386 • if y = − √ x3 + ax2 + c, let r = √ s(s+ x)/u 6= 0; then define v, ε, x, y from r as in theorem 6. keywords: encoding; square; α2(1 + cache: ejpam-2623.pdf plain text: ejpam-2623.txt item: #203 of 2048 id: ejpam-2627 author: El Ouadih, Salah; Daher, Radouan title: Generalization of Dunkl Dini Lipschitz Functions date: 2017 words: 2106 flesch: 86 summary: The Dunkl kernel El on Rd × Rd has been introduced by C. F. Dunkl in [4]. We consider the weight function wl(x) = ∏ ζ∈R+ | < ζ, x > |2l(α), x ∈ Rd, where wl is W-invariant and homogeneous of degree 2γ where γ = γ(R) keywords: dunkl; log cache: ejpam-2627.pdf plain text: ejpam-2627.txt item: #204 of 2048 id: ejpam-263 author: Sharma, Bibhya Nand; Vanualailai, Jito; Chand, Utesh title: Flocking of Multi-agents in Constrained Environments date: 2009 words: 7004 flesch: 69 summary: The Lyapunov-based control scheme requires the design of target attractive func- tions and obstacle avoidance functions. Therefore, we construct obstacle avoidance functions that basically measure the dis- tances between the ith boid and obstacles in the workspace. keywords: boid; control; formation; function; vanualailai cache: ejpam-263.pdf plain text: ejpam-263.txt item: #205 of 2048 id: ejpam-2645 author: Rani, Dimple; Mishra, Vinod title: Modification of Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method for Solving Nonlinear Volterra Integral and Integro-differential Equations based on Newton Raphson Formula date: 2018 words: 3279 flesch: 59 summary: Laplace decomposition method was ∗Corresponding author. Magdy and Mohamed [20] practiced Laplace decomposition method and Pade approximation to get the numerical solution of nonlinear system of partial differential equations. keywords: equations; laplace; method; nonlinear; solution cache: ejpam-2645.pdf plain text: ejpam-2645.txt item: #206 of 2048 id: ejpam-2648 author: Marhnine, Hassan; Zarhouti, Chafika title: Automatic Continuity of Higher Derivations on Banach-Jordan Pairs date: 2017 words: 6345 flesch: 80 summary: Let V = (V +, V −) be a normed Jordan pair and let b be a nonzero element in V −σ. Let V = (V +, V −) be a nondegenerate Banach-Jordan pair with nonzero socle. keywords: banach; jordan; pair cache: ejpam-2648.pdf plain text: ejpam-2648.txt item: #207 of 2048 id: ejpam-2649 author: Eroglu, Emre; Isik, Ozlem title: On Energy Waves via Airy Functions in Time-Domain date: 2016 words: 2574 flesch: 73 summary: = �q ε−1 0 �∇⊥ψm × z � ,± q µ−1 0 =− q µ−1 0 ∂c t en(z, t) � #»z ×∇⊥φn(r) � , Hzm(r, z, t) keywords: domain; energy; time cache: ejpam-2649.pdf plain text: ejpam-2649.txt item: #208 of 2048 id: ejpam-2650 author: Yildiz, Bahattin; Tufekci, Nesibe title: Optimal, Divisible binary Codes from Gray-Homogeneous Images of Codes over R_{k,m} date: 2017 words: 5442 flesch: 77 summary: We then use the first order Reed-Muller codes to find a distance-preserving map that takes codes over Rk,m to binary codes. These will be binary codes of parameters [16n, 5, 8n] and [32n, 6, 16n], respectively. keywords: binary; codes; rings; weight cache: ejpam-2650.pdf plain text: ejpam-2650.txt item: #209 of 2048 id: ejpam-2660 author: Amiri Bideshki, Mohsen; Ameri, Reza; Broomand Saeid, Arsham title: On Prime Hyperfilters (Hyperideals) in ^-Hyperlattices date: 2018 words: 9658 flesch: 90 summary: I 6= ∅, then x ∈ I or y ∈ I, for all x, y ∈ L. (iv) A hyperfilter F is called prime if x ∨ y ∈ F , then x ∈ F or y ∈ F , for all x, y ∈ L. Example 18. If x ∈ I and y ∈ L, such that y ≤ x, then y ∈ I. (ii) F is called a hyperfilter if the following conditions hold. keywords: y ∈; ∈ l cache: ejpam-2660.pdf plain text: ejpam-2660.txt item: #210 of 2048 id: ejpam-2664 author: Frasin, Basem; Ramachandran, C; Soupramanien, T. title: New Subclasses of Analytic Function Associated with q-Difference Operator date: 2017 words: 4840 flesch: 85 summary: Mohammed and Darus [12] studied approximation and geometric properties of these q-operators in some subclasses of analytic functions in compact disk. Applications to analytic functions defined by using fractional calculus operators and convolution During the past three decades, the subject of fractional calculus (that is, calculus of integrals and derivatives of any arbitrary real or complex order) has gained considerable popularity and importance. keywords: function cache: ejpam-2664.pdf plain text: ejpam-2664.txt item: #211 of 2048 id: ejpam-2666 author: B, Srinivasulu; Bhaintwal, Maheshanand title: Z_2-Triple Cyclic Codes and Their Duals date: 2017 words: 8652 flesch: 91 summary: (3) It easy to see that Q3h3(g1 | g2 | 0) This implies that, Q3h3(g1 | g2 | 0) ∈ span(S1 ∪ S2). keywords: b |; cyclic cache: ejpam-2666.pdf plain text: ejpam-2666.txt item: #212 of 2048 id: ejpam-2672 author: Elsaid, Ahmed; Shamseldeen, Samir; Madkour, Seham title: Analytical Approximate Solution of Fractional Wave Equation by the Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method date: 2017 words: 4675 flesch: 73 summary: Series solutions of non-linear riccati differential equations with fractional order. Table 1: The estimated optimal convergence parameter ~ and the corresponding residual error Em for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0 and 0 ≤ t ≤ 2.0 at different fractional derivative α for Example (1). keywords: equation; order; solution cache: ejpam-2672.pdf plain text: ejpam-2672.txt item: #213 of 2048 id: ejpam-2674 author: Bagirmaz, Nurettin title: Near Ideals in Near Semigroups date: 2018 words: 5110 flesch: 84 summary: Finally, near image and near inverse image of near ideal are discussed. We introduced the notion of near ideal that our notion depends on the upper approximation and does not depend on the lower approximation. keywords: ideal; near cache: ejpam-2674.pdf plain text: ejpam-2674.txt item: #214 of 2048 id: ejpam-2688 author: Howe, J. Andrew; Bozdgoan, Hamparsum title: Regularized SVM Classification with a new Complexity-Driven Stochastic Optimizer date: 2016 words: 5748 flesch: 62 summary: Assuming they meet Mercer’s conditions, kernel functions correspond to a nonlinear map into a higher dimensional feature space F and then taking the dot product in this space. While kernel functions execute a non-intuitive process of dimensional inflation, the fre- quent superior performance of analysis with kernels is well documented in a variety of meth- ods (KDA, KPCA, KLR, . . . ). keywords: analysis; bozdogan; classification; data; function; icom; kernel; � � cache: ejpam-2688.pdf plain text: ejpam-2688.txt item: #215 of 2048 id: ejpam-2696 author: Rasouli, Hamid; Shabani, Ali Reza title: On Gamma Acts over Gamma Semigroups date: 2017 words: 5295 flesch: 85 summary: Moreover, if A is a Γ-S-act over a Γ-semigroup S and γ is a fixed element of Γ, then S is a semigroup under the operation st := sγt for all s, t ∈ S, and A with the action sa := sγa, for every s ∈ S and a ∈ A, is an S-act. (ii) A Γ-S-act can have more than one zero, for instance, any non-empty set A becomes a Γ-S-act by definition sγa = a for every a ∈ A, s ∈ S and γ ∈ Γ, i.e. all elements of A are zero. Let s ∈ S, γ ∈ Γ, b ∈ B. keywords: act; acts; semigroup cache: ejpam-2696.pdf plain text: ejpam-2696.txt item: #216 of 2048 id: ejpam-2714 author: Devi, J. Vasundhara; Sreedhar, Chaduvula Venkata title: Generalized Monotone Iterative Method for Caputo Fractional Integro-differential Equation date: 2016 words: 4978 flesch: 87 summary: Next we proceed to show that v0 ≤ w1 ≤ v2 ≤ w3 ≤ u≤ v3 ≤ w2 ≤ v1 ≤ w0. Then for any solution u(t) of (10), (11) with v0 ≤ u ≤ w0. keywords: g(t cache: ejpam-2714.pdf plain text: ejpam-2714.txt item: #217 of 2048 id: ejpam-2733 author: Onay, Onur; Cetin, Eyup title: The Optimal Orchestration of Packaging for Sustainability date: 2016 words: 4235 flesch: 66 summary: The models determine package usage ratios which minimize the packaging wastes when packaging amount is at maximum level in the envi- ronment. The model applied to packaging amount of 2011. keywords: model; packaging cache: ejpam-2733.pdf plain text: ejpam-2733.txt item: #218 of 2048 id: ejpam-2759 author: Alaa, Noureddine; Aqel, Fatima title: Global Existence of Solutions for a System Modelling Electromigration of Ions Through Biological Cell Membranes with L1 Data date: 2017 words: 8141 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 10 (2) (2017), 272-294 279 which means that by passing to the limit, we obtain∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ∂(qi,nZi,n) ∂t sign−(Zi,n) ≤ 0 therefore ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ∂(qi,nZi,n)− ∂t ≤ 0 this implies the following inequality∫ Ω (qi,nZi,n)−(t, x) ≤ ∫ Ω (qi,nZi,n)−(0, x) as (qi,nZi,n)(0, x) ≥ 0 for almost everywhere then we deduce∫ Ω (qi,nZi,n)−(t, x) ≤ 0. Using now the boundary conditions to obtain∫ QT ∂t(jk(qi,nZi,n)) + di ∫ QT ∇Tk(qi,nZi,n)(qi,n∇Zi,n) = ∫ QT Tk(qi,nZi,n)Sni (Zn, φn) which implies that∫ QT ∂t(jk(qi,nZi,n)) + di ∫ QT T ′ k(qi,nZi,n)|qi,n∇Zi,n|2 = ∫ QT Tk(qi,nZi,n)Sni (Zn, φn) +mi ∫ QT T ′ k(qi,nZi,n)(qi,n∇Zi,n)(qi,nZi,n)∇φn the integration over (0, T ) yields to the equality above∫ Ω jk(qi,nZi,n)(t) + di ∫ QT T ′ k(qi,nZi,n)|qi,n∇Zi,n|2 = ∫ Ω jk(q n i,0Z n i,0) + ∫ QT Tk(qi,nZi,n)Sni (Zn, φn) + mi ∫ QT T ′ k(qi,nZi,n)(qi,n∇Zi,n)(qi,nZi,n)∇φn. keywords: nzi; ∫ qt cache: ejpam-2759.pdf plain text: ejpam-2759.txt item: #219 of 2048 id: ejpam-2768 author: García-Santillán, Arturo title: Measuring Set Latent Variables Through Exploratory Factor Analysis with Principal Components Extraction and Validation with AMOS Software date: 2017 words: 10940 flesch: 59 summary: To get objectives SO2 and SO3, we should use the approach of two steps for SEM; measurement of model and structural model. Math, 10 (2) (2017), 167-198 179 Furthermore, the estimation of model parameters is performed in order to determine which one best fit has maximum likelihood; weighted least squares and generalized least squares. 2.1. keywords: analysis; anxiety; appl; attitude; data; escalera; eur; factors; fit; garcía; index; mathematics; matrix; model; pure; santillán; variables; variance cache: ejpam-2768.pdf plain text: ejpam-2768.txt item: #220 of 2048 id: ejpam-2769 author: Karahan, Done; Mamedov, Khanlar title: On an Inverse Problem for Sturm-Liouville Equation date: 2017 words: 2736 flesch: 78 summary: Physical applications of discontinuous Sturm-Liouville problem are given in [3]-[8]. [8] G. Freiling, V. Yurko: Inverse Sturm-Liouville problems and their applications, Nova Science Publishers, INC. (2008). keywords: problem; ρ(x cache: ejpam-2769.pdf plain text: ejpam-2769.txt item: #221 of 2048 id: ejpam-2779 author: Xin, Xiao Long; Li, Yi Jun; Fu, Yu Long title: States on Pseudo-BCI Algebras date: 2017 words: 9773 flesch: 92 summary: Moreover by Proposition 12, y ∗ x ∈ V (0) and so 0 ◦ (y ∗ x) = 0, and (y ◦ (y ∗ x)) ∗ y = (y ∗ y) ◦ (y ∗ x) = 0 ◦ (y ∗ x) = 0. y = y ◦ (y ∗x) ≤ x. keywords: algebra; bci; pseudo cache: ejpam-2779.pdf plain text: ejpam-2779.txt item: #222 of 2048 id: ejpam-2803 author: Ansari-Toroghy, Habibollah; Pourmortazavi, Seyed sajad title: A Module Whose Second Spectrum Has the Surjective or Injective Natural Map date: 2017 words: 9934 flesch: 85 summary: As a result of Theorem 2.7, the definition of the classical Krull dimension of modules, which is independent of Specs(M), becomes more significant for secondful modules M . A proper submodule N of M is said to be prime if for any r ∈ R and m ∈ M with rm ∈ N , we have m ∈ N or r ∈ (N :R M). keywords: module; second; specs(m; submodule cache: ejpam-2803.pdf plain text: ejpam-2803.txt item: #223 of 2048 id: ejpam-2826 author: Benchalli, S.S.; Patil, P G; Toranagatti, J.B.; Vighneshi, S.R. title: Contra deltagb-Continuous Functions in Topological Spaces date: 2017 words: 4420 flesch: 80 summary: Introduction and Preliminaries In 1996, Dontchev[6] introduced contra continuous functions. If f:X→Y is contra δgb-continuous and Y is Urysohn then G(f) is contra δgb-closed in the product space X×Y. Proof: Let (x,y)∈(X×Y)-G(f), then y 6=f(x) and there exist open sets A and B such that f(x)∈A, y∈B and cl(A)∩cl(B)=φ. keywords: closed; contra; open; δgb cache: ejpam-2826.pdf plain text: ejpam-2826.txt item: #224 of 2048 id: ejpam-283 author: Pestano-Gabino, Celina; González-Concepción, Concepción; Gil-Fariña, María Candelaria title: Identifiability and Minimality in Rational Models date: 2010 words: 5285 flesch: 69 summary: In particular, two specific problems arise when considering rational matrix models: i) identifiability, especially when a unique representation for a pair of minimum orders (m.o.) does not exist; and ii) exchangeable models, particularly when several pairs of m.o. 2. Rational Models in Multivariate Time Series We are interested in studying if a process X t , a k-vector of random variables, conforms to certain rational matrix models, for instance VARMA or STFE models. keywords: m.d; matrix; models; property; series; table cache: ejpam-283.pdf plain text: ejpam-283.txt item: #225 of 2048 id: ejpam-2946 author: Castle, Jennifer L.; Hendry, David F. title: Sir Clive W.J. Granger Memorial Special Issue on Econometrics: An Introduction date: 2017 words: 4082 flesch: 61 summary: Perspectives on Econometrics and Applied Economics: A Tribute to Sir Clive Granger. The ET interview: Professor Clive Granger. keywords: clive; granger; hendry; research; series; time cache: ejpam-2946.pdf plain text: ejpam-2946.txt item: #226 of 2048 id: ejpam-2948 author: Hendry, David F. title: Granger Causality date: 2017 words: 7821 flesch: 61 summary: Math, 10 (1) (2017), 12-29 15 Unfortunately, such a confusion abounds in the empirical literature, with studies often claiming evidence for Granger causality from bivariate models. [17] highlight the role of Granger causality in the distributions of some encompassing test statistics when ‘completing’ models are needed to link the variables in the two models under consideration. keywords: causality; changes; exogeneity; granger; hendry; model; non; oxford; time; variables; x2,t cache: ejpam-2948.pdf plain text: ejpam-2948.txt item: #227 of 2048 id: ejpam-2949 author: Clements, Michael P. title: Sir Clive W.J. Granger's Contributions to Forecasting date: 2017 words: 11759 flesch: 64 summary: The fixed-weight combination forecasts are not feasible, as they are calculated based on the full set of forecast errors, and as noted above, [5] suggest time-varying weight schemes. It covers forecast combination in section 2, improving forecast practice in section 3, forecast evaluation in section 4, and forecasting white noise in section 5. keywords: clements; combination; economic; error; forecast; forecasting; granger; journal; linear; loss; model; time cache: ejpam-2949.pdf plain text: ejpam-2949.txt item: #228 of 2048 id: ejpam-2950 author: Castle, Jennifer L.; Hendry, David F. title: Clive W.J. Granger and Cointegration date: 2017 words: 10608 flesch: 60 summary: [24] R. F. Engle and C. W. J. Granger. [32] J. Gonzalo and C. W. J. Granger. keywords: cointegration; correction; econometrics; economic; granger; hendry; i(1; journal; models; series; time; variables cache: ejpam-2950.pdf plain text: ejpam-2950.txt item: #229 of 2048 id: ejpam-2951 author: Ito, Ryoko title: Long Memory and Fractional Differencing: Revisiting Clive W. J. Granger's Contributions and Further Developments date: 2017 words: 8785 flesch: 63 summary: Since component models consisting of short memory processes tend to be easier to estimate and interpret than fractionally integrated models, the former became a very popular mode of long memory models. Break detection in long memory time series is an active area of research today. keywords: cointegration; econometrics; granger; journal; memory; models; processes; series; time; volatility cache: ejpam-2951.pdf plain text: ejpam-2951.txt item: #230 of 2048 id: ejpam-2952 author: Terasvirta, Timo title: Sir Clive W.J. Granger's Contributions to Nonlinear Time Series and Econometrics date: 2017 words: 12817 flesch: 66 summary: In this work the focus is on his contributions to nonlinear time series models and modelling. In fact, this definition incorporates many models that are normally thought of as nonlinear time series models such as smooth transition, threshold autoregressive or Markov-switching autoregressive models. keywords: clive; cointegration; granger; j. granger; journal; model; nonlinear; process; pure; series; teräsvirta; test; time; timo; white cache: ejpam-2952.pdf plain text: ejpam-2952.txt item: #231 of 2048 id: ejpam-2954 author: Castle, Jennifer L. title: Sir Clive W.J. Granger Model Selection date: 2017 words: 11184 flesch: 58 summary: Model selection, model averaging and thick modelling Commencing from an information set, model selection can be interpreted as pooling the available information set and selecting possible model specifications therefrom. This paper proposes to integrate thick modelling into the general-to-specific model selection literature, yielding the benefits of selecting a set of well-specified encompassing models while taking seriously Granger’s critique of model selection. keywords: averaging; castle; forecasts; granger; gum; hendry; ldgp; model; model selection; modelling; selection; set; terminal; thick; variables cache: ejpam-2954.pdf plain text: ejpam-2954.txt item: #232 of 2048 id: ejpam-2979 author: Omur, Nese; Åžener, Cemile Duygu title: On Identities for Sequences of Binomial Sums with the Terms of Sequences {u_kn} and {v_kn} date: 2017 words: 2825 flesch: 80 summary: A−1 )n = n∑ t=0 ( n t )( ckvk + 2 )t ( c2k(−q)k+1 − ckvk − 1 )n−t A−(n−t). Writing 4λ ( qk(−1)k+1c2k − ckvk − 1 ) to each side of (3), we write λc2k ( v2k − 4 (−q)k )2 = ( λ+ ( qk(−1)k+1c2k − ckvk − 1 ))2 . keywords: c2k(−q)k; ckvk; matrix cache: ejpam-2979.pdf plain text: ejpam-2979.txt item: #233 of 2048 id: ejpam-2985 author: Auwalu, Abba; Hincal, Evren title: Common Fixed Point Theorems for Three Mapsin Cone Pentagonal Metric Spaces date: 2017 words: 5782 flesch: 85 summary: if and only if x = y; (ii) ρ(x, y) = ρ(y, x) for all x, y ∈ X; (iii) ρ(x, y) ≤ ρ(x,w) + ρ(w, z) + ρ(z, y) for all x, y, z ∈ X and for all distinct points w, z ∈ X − {x, y} [Rectangular property]. The study of existence and uniqueness of fixed points of a mapping and common fixed points of two or more mappings has become a subject of great interest. keywords: cone; d(gx0 cache: ejpam-2985.pdf plain text: ejpam-2985.txt item: #234 of 2048 id: ejpam-300 author: Hussain, Sabir; Ahmad, Bashir title: On Minimal gamma-Open Sets date: 2009 words: 4684 flesch: 88 summary: [4], introduced the concept of γ-open sets and investigated the related topological properties of the associated topology τγ and τ. If B1 is not a minimal γ-open set, then there exists a nonempty (finite) γ-open set B2 such that B2 ⊂ B1 ⊂ B. We continue this process and have a sequence of γ-open sets ... ⊂ keywords: set cache: ejpam-300.pdf plain text: ejpam-300.txt item: #235 of 2048 id: ejpam-3001 author: Al-Hawary, Talal Ali title: Certain Classes of Fuzzy Graphs date: 2017 words: 3001 flesch: 84 summary: In this paper, several classes of balanced fuzzy graphs are characterized; namely the classes of complete fuzzy graphs, fuzzy graphs induced by the complete graph, fuzzy graphs with balanced components, fuzzy graphs induced by trees and fuzzy graphs induced by cycles. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 10, No. 3, 2017, 552-560 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Certain Classes of fuzzy graphs Talal Al-Hawary Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Jordan Abstract. keywords: graph cache: ejpam-3001.pdf plain text: ejpam-3001.txt item: #236 of 2048 id: ejpam-3003 author: Di, Huafei; Shang, Yadong title: Existence, Nonexistence and Decay Estimate of Global Solutions for a Viscoelastic Wave Equation with Nonlinear Boundary Damping and Internal Source Terms date: 2017 words: 11397 flesch: 85 summary: If u ∈ L∞(0, T ;H1 Γ0 (Ω)) with ut ∈ L∞(0, T ;Lρ+1(Ω))∩Lq+1(0, T ;Lq+1(Γ1)) satisfy the following conditions (i) For any v ∈ H1 Γ0 (Ω) ∩ Lq+1(Γ1) ∩ Lρ+1(Ω) and a.e 0 ≤ t ≤ T , such that 1 ρ (|ut|ρ−1ut, v) + ∫ t 0 b1(u, v)ds+ ∫ t 0 b2(u, v)ds − ∫ t 0 (|u|p−1u, v)ds+ ∫ t 0 (|ut|q−1ut, v)Γ1ds = 1 ρ (|u1|ρ−1u1, v), (2.12) where b1(u, v) = (∇u,∇v), b2(u, v) = −( ∫ s 0 g(s− τ)∇u(τ)dτ,∇v); (ii) u(x, 0) = u0(x) in H1 Γ0 (Ω), ut(x, 0) = u1(x) in Lρ+1(Ω) ∩ Lq+1(Γ1). Math, 10 (4) (2017), 668-701 683 = ∣∣ ∫ t 0 g(t− s) ∫ Ω |∇u(s)−∇u(t)|2dxds− ∫ t 0 g(t− s) ∫ Ω |∇um(s)−∇um(t)|2dxds ∣∣ ≤ ∫ t 0 g(t− s)‖∇u(s)−∇um(s)‖2‖∇u(s) +∇um(s)‖2ds + ∫ t 0 g(t− s)‖∇u(s)−∇um(s)‖2ds‖∇u(t) +∇um(t)‖2 + ∫ t 0 g(t− s)‖∇u(s) +∇um(s)‖2ds‖∇u(t)−∇um(t)‖2 + ∫ t 0 g(s)ds‖∇u(t) +∇um(t)‖2‖∇u(t)−∇um(t)‖2 ≤ C ∫ t 0 g(t− s)‖∇u(s)−∇um(s)‖2ds+ C ∫ t 0 g(s)ds‖∇u(t)−∇um(t)‖2 → 0, (3.46) as m→∞. Taking into account the nonlinear term of the functional J(u), we deduce ‖um‖p+1 p+1 − ‖u‖ p+1 p+1 ≤ (p+ 1)| ∫ Ω |u+ θmum|p−1(u+ θmum)(um − u)dx| ≤ (p+ 1)‖u+ θmum‖pp+1‖um − u‖p+1 ≤ C‖um − u‖p+1 → 0, (3.47) as m→∞, where 0 < θm < 1. keywords: 1)b; 1)e(0; g(t−; p+1; ρ+1 cache: ejpam-3003.pdf plain text: ejpam-3003.txt item: #237 of 2048 id: ejpam-3007 author: Durmagambetov, Asset title: Global Estimation of the Cauchy Problem Solutions' and Blow up the Navier-Stokes Equation date: 2017 words: 8092 flesch: 70 summary: c2 0 ∫ R3 ∫ R3 q̃(k + p)q̃(p− k′) (|p|2 − |k|2 − i0) dk + .... A(k, k′) = c0Q(k, k′) + Qf = ∫ S2 Q(k, θ ′ , θ)f(k, θ ′ )dθ ′ , T+ Q f = ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ S2 Q(k, θ ′ , θ)f(k, θ ′ )dθ ′ |k|2 − s2 − i0 s2ds, f = f(k, θ ′ ), Q(k, θ ′ , θ) keywords: equations; functions; navier; phase; problem; proof; theorem cache: ejpam-3007.pdf plain text: ejpam-3007.txt item: #238 of 2048 id: ejpam-3009 author: Merlin, G. Sheeba; Vethamanickam, A. title: On the Lattice of Convex Sublattice of S(Bn) and S(Cn) date: 2017 words: 3747 flesch: 88 summary: In this paper we prove that CS[S(Bn)] and CS[S(Cn)] are Eulerian lattices under the set inclusion relation but they are neither simplicial nor dual simplicial. This is true for Eulerian lattices, since an Eulerian lattice is relatively complemented. keywords: n− n− cache: ejpam-3009.pdf plain text: ejpam-3009.txt item: #239 of 2048 id: ejpam-3012 author: Zenkour, Ashraf M.; Abouelregal, A. E.; Alnefaie, K. A.; Abu-Hamdeh, N. H. title: Seebeck Effect on a Magneto-thermoelastic Long Solid Cylinder with Temperature-dependent Thermal Conductivity date: 2017 words: 6089 flesch: 68 summary: The remaining constitutive equations of Duhamel-Neumann are given by σij = µ (ui,j + uj,i) Then, ur = u (r, t) and uϕ = uz = 0. Components of strain tensor eij are given as err = ∂u ∂r , eϕϕ = u r , ezz = erz = ezϕ = erϕ = 0. (10) keywords: conductivity; cylinder; field; magnetic; temperature; zenkour cache: ejpam-3012.pdf plain text: ejpam-3012.txt item: #240 of 2048 id: ejpam-3014 author: Abed, Saad Abbas; Udriste, Constantin; Tevy, Ionel title: Optimal reliability allocation for redundancy series-parallel systems date: 2017 words: 4557 flesch: 70 summary: The original results include: (i) submersion of a ”series-parallel system” into a ”series system”, (ii) detailed analyse of a series-parallel system whose components of each subsystem have the same reliability; (iii) designing series-parallel systems by similarities with other engineering problems; (iv) dualities between reliability systems and electric circuits. System reliability and mean life can be increased by additional means by applying redun- dancy at various levels. keywords: reliability; series; system cache: ejpam-3014.pdf plain text: ejpam-3014.txt item: #241 of 2048 id: ejpam-3018 author: Mishra, Vishnu Narayan; Kumar, Alok; Tapiawala, Dipti title: Stancu type generalization of modified Srivastava-Gupta operators date: 2017 words: 5735 flesch: 81 summary: For x ∈ [0,∞), we consider the auxiliary operators G ∗(α,β) n,c defined by G ∗(α,β) n,c (f ;x) = G∗(α,β)n,c (f ;x)− f ( nx+ α n+ β ) + f(x). β we introduce the following Stancu type generalization of the operators (3): G∗(α,β)n,c (f ;x) = n ∞∑ k=1 pn,k(x, c) keywords: g∗(α; operators; β)n cache: ejpam-3018.pdf plain text: ejpam-3018.txt item: #242 of 2048 id: ejpam-3024 author: Ozturk Sozen, Esra; Eren, Åženol title: Modules that Have a δ-Supplement in Every Extension date: 2017 words: 3929 flesch: 87 summary: A submodule N of M is said to be δ-small in M (denoted by N �δ M) N �δ M keywords: property cache: ejpam-3024.pdf plain text: ejpam-3024.txt item: #243 of 2048 id: ejpam-3028 author: Gharib, Fatouh; Ezzat Mohamed, M.; El-Maghrabi, A. I. title: On New Classes of Soft Sets and Functions via Supra Preopen Sets date: 2017 words: 6773 flesch: 86 summary: Also, the supra soft closure of (F,E), denoted by cls(F,E) is the soft intersection of all supra closed super soft sets of (F,E) i.e cls(F,E) = ∩̃{(H,E) : (H,E) is supra closed soft set and (F,E)⊆̃(H,E)}. Let (X,µ,E) be a supra soft topological space over X, then the members of µ are said to be supra open soft sets in X. keywords: set; supra cache: ejpam-3028.pdf plain text: ejpam-3028.txt item: #244 of 2048 id: ejpam-3032 author: Frasin, Basem; Sabri, Mustafa Abd title: Sufficient conditions for starlikeness of reciprocal order date: 2017 words: 1458 flesch: 80 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45 Key Words and Phrases: Analytic functions, starlike and convex functions, starlike function of reciprocal order, sufficient conditions 1. The object of the present paper is to derive certain sufficient conditions for starlikeness of reciprocal order of analytic functions in the open unit disk. keywords: f(z cache: ejpam-3032.pdf plain text: ejpam-3032.txt item: #245 of 2048 id: ejpam-3035 author: Abdalla, M.; Haidan, M. M. title: Fractional Orders of the Generalized Bessel Matrix Polynomials date: 2017 words: 2960 flesch: 75 summary: Math, 10 (5) (2017), 995-1004 997 2. Generalized Bessel matrix functions of fractional order The classical (GBMPs) Yn(z,A,B) are defined by Rodrigues’ type formula (see [1, 22]) (8) By taking the the Liouville-Caputo fractional derivative Dα in (7), we introduce functions which are naturally refereed to as generalized Bessel matrix functions (GBMFs). keywords: 1)i; fractional; math; matrix cache: ejpam-3035.pdf plain text: ejpam-3035.txt item: #246 of 2048 id: ejpam-304 author: Mahiub, Mohammad Abdulkawi; Eshkuvatov, Z. K.; Long, N. M. A. Nik title: On the Semi-bounded Solution of Cauchy Type Singular Integral Equations of the First Kind date: 2009 words: 2871 flesch: 81 summary: This paper presents an efficient approximate method to obtain a numerical solu- tion, which is bounded at the end point x = −1, for Cauchy type singular integral equations of the first kind on the interval [−1,1]. Math, 2 (2009), (462-472) 465 the approximate solution, which is bounded at the end point x = −1, of equation (1.1) is obtained. keywords:   cache: ejpam-304.pdf plain text: ejpam-304.txt item: #247 of 2048 id: ejpam-3048 author: Fundo, Akli; Kashuri, Artion; Ramosaco, Miftar; Liko, Rozana title: Some new Hermite-Hadamard Type Conformable Fractional Integral Inequalities for Twice Differentiable MT_(r;g,m,\varphi)-preinvex Functions date: 2017 words: 7514 flesch: 82 summary: In the present paper, the notion of MT(r;g,m,ϕ)-preinvex function is introduced and some new integral inequalities for the left-hand side of Gauss-Jacobi type quadrature formula involving MT(r;g,m,ϕ)-preinvex functions are given. Motivated by these results, in Section 2, the notion of MT(r;g,m,ϕ)-preinvex function is introduced and some new integral inequalities for the left-hand side of (3) involving MT(r;g,m,ϕ)-preinvex functions are given. keywords: function; g(t cache: ejpam-3048.pdf plain text: ejpam-3048.txt item: #248 of 2048 id: ejpam-3049 author: Kehayopulu, Niovi title: Hypersemigroups and Fuzzy Hypersemigroups date: 2017 words: 8266 flesch: 92 summary: The aim is to show that the theory of hypersemigroups and the theory of fuzzy hyper- semigroups are parallel to each other, in the following sense: An hypersemigroup H is intra-regular, for example, if and only if A∩B ⊆ B∗A for every right ideal A and every left ideal B of H. And an hypersemigroup H is intra-regular if and only if f ∧g � g◦f for every fuzzy right ideal f and every fuzzy left ideal g of H. An hypersemigroup H is left quasi-regular if and only if A∩B ⊆ A ∗B for every ideal A and every nonempty subset B of H. And an hypersemigroup H is left quasi-regular if and only if f ∧ g � f ◦ g for every fuzzy ideal f and every fuzzy subset g of H. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: AMS 20M99, 08A72 Key Words and Phrases: Hypersemigroup, right (left) ideal, bi-ideal, fuzzy right (left) ideal, fuzzy bi-ideal, regular, intra-regular, left (right) quasi-regular, semisimple 1. For two fuzzy subsets f and g of H, we denote by f ◦ g the fuzzy subset of H defined as follows: f ◦ g : H → [0, 1] a→  ∨ (y,z)∈Aa min{f(y), g(z)} keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-3049.pdf plain text: ejpam-3049.txt item: #249 of 2048 id: ejpam-3054 author: Outouzzalt, Hassan title: Linear Essential Spectrum Compressors date: 2017 words: 3674 flesch: 75 summary: Let ϕ : A→ B be a surjective up to inessential elements linear map, and consider the following statements. Let ϕ : A→ B be a surjective up to inessential elements linear map, and consider the following statements. keywords: algebra; fredholm; linear; spectrum cache: ejpam-3054.pdf plain text: ejpam-3054.txt item: #250 of 2048 id: ejpam-3057 author: Mishra, Vishnu Narayan; Pandey, Shikha; Khan, Idrees A. title: On a Modification of Dunkl Generalization of Szasz Operators via q-calculus date: 2017 words: 3398 flesch: 79 summary: Since for fixed q with 0 < q ≤ 1, lim n→∞ [n]q = 1, to ensure the convergence properties we will assume q = qn as a sequence such that lim n→∞ qn = 1, and lim n→∞ qnn = c where c ∈ (0, 1). [8] presented the Dunkl generalization of Szász operators via q-calculus as Dn,q(f ;x) := 1 eµ,q([n]qx) ∞∑ k=0 ([n]qx)k γµ,q(k) f ( keywords: eµ,q([n]qx; operators cache: ejpam-3057.pdf plain text: ejpam-3057.txt item: #251 of 2048 id: ejpam-3065 author: González-Gaxiola, Oswaldo; Edeki, S. O.; Ugbebor, O. O.; de Ch'avez, J. Ruiz title: Solving the Ivancevic Pricing Model Using the He's Frecuency Amplitude Formulation date: 2017 words: 2372 flesch: 67 summary: Thus, the Ivancevic option pricing model (IOPM) is a nonlinear adaptive- wave alternative for the classical Black-Scholes option pricing model; it represents a controlled Brownian motion (BM) in an adaptive setting with relation to nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Math, 10 (4) (2017), 631-637 633 Henceforth, such nonlinear adaptive model is referred to as Ivancevic option pricing model as follows: keywords: frequency; model; nonlinear; option; pricing; scholes cache: ejpam-3065.pdf plain text: ejpam-3065.txt item: #252 of 2048 id: ejpam-3067 author: Allahem, Ali title: New derived systems of Hide’s coupled dynamo model date: 2017 words: 3817 flesch: 78 summary: The system where N = 2 is given by the following set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations [7]: ẋ1 = mx2y1 − x1 − βz1, ẏ1 = α(1−mx2x1)− κy1, ż1 = x1 − λz1. = zy, ẏ = 1− xz, ż = xy, If we consider those solution for which x = z and perform the substitution u = x = z, then we get the following system u̇ = zu, ẏ = 1− u2, (16) These equations are well-known which are called the Bullard model dynamo [2]. keywords: system cache: ejpam-3067.pdf plain text: ejpam-3067.txt item: #253 of 2048 id: ejpam-3069 author: Azizbayov, Elvin Ibrahim; Mehraliyev, Yashar title: Inverse Problem for a Parabolic Equation with Integral Condition date: 2017 words: 4295 flesch: 81 summary: Problem Statement Denote by QT the domain {(x, t) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ t ≤ T} and consider the equation c(t)ut(x, t) = uxx(x, t) + a(t)u(x, t) + b(t)g(x, t) + f(x, t), (x, t) ∈ QT (1) with nonlocal initial condition u(x, 0) + δu(x, T ) = ϕ(x) (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), (2) Neumann boundary condition ux(0, t) = 0 (0 ≤ t ≤ T ), (3) nonlocal integral condition 1∫ 0 u(x, t)dx = 0 (0 ≤ t ≤ T ), (4) and the additional conditions u(0, t) = h1(t) (0 ≤ t ≤ T ), (5) u(1, t) = h2(t) (0 ≤ t ≤ T ), (6) where δ ≥ 0 is a fixed number, 0 < c(t), g(x, t), f(x, t), 0 ≤ p(t), hi(t) (i = 1, 2) are given functions, u(x, t), a(t) and b(t) are unknown functions. [13] T.E. Oussaeif and A. Bouziani, Inverse problem of a hyperbolic equation with an integral overdetermination condition, Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, 2016(138):1-7, 2016. keywords: c(t; c[0,t; ∥∥∥∥ cache: ejpam-3069.pdf plain text: ejpam-3069.txt item: #254 of 2048 id: ejpam-3070 author: Chadaram, Appala Naidu; Dhaigude, D.B.; Jonnalagadda, Vasundhara Devi title: Stability Results in Terms of Two Measures for Set Differential Equations Involving Causal Operators date: 2017 words: 3993 flesch: 74 summary: Let K(Ko) be the subfamily of Kc(Rn) consisting of set U ∈ Kc(Rn) such that any u ∈ U is a non-negative (positive) vector of n components satisfying ui ≥ 0 (ui > 0) for i=1... To define this set, we consider V ∈ C[R+ ×Bb,R+], where Bb = B(θ, b) = {U ∈ Kc(Rn) : keywords: u(t cache: ejpam-3070.pdf plain text: ejpam-3070.txt item: #255 of 2048 id: ejpam-3073 author: Anake, T. A.; Edeki, S. O. title: On the Error Analysis of a Continuous Implicit Hybrid One Step Method date: 2017 words: 2453 flesch: 70 summary: A number of researchers have studied this situation for different numerical methods; for instance, Highhman(1993), Dor- mund et al.(1994), Calvo et al.(1996) and Stuart(1997) all studied the connection between local truncation error and global error for Runge-Kutta methods while Lambert(1979), ∗Corresponding author. It is a known fact that in the application of a continuous linear multistep method, the global error at a particular point is influenced by the accumulation of local truncation errors at each step from the initial point and thereby reduces the accuracy of the approximated result. keywords: error; method cache: ejpam-3073.pdf plain text: ejpam-3073.txt item: #256 of 2048 id: ejpam-3074 author: Saaty, Thomas L.; Vargas, Luis G. title: Origin of Neural Firing and Synthesis in Making Comparisons date: 2017 words: 5536 flesch: 65 summary: If the periodic function of period 1, P (u) satisfies the semigroup condition, P (u+ v) = P (u)P (v) then w̃(uv) = w̃(u)w̃(v). The solution of the functional equation P (u + v) = P (u)P (v) is given by P (u) = eu. keywords: equation; functions; octonions; saaty; solution cache: ejpam-3074.pdf plain text: ejpam-3074.txt item: #257 of 2048 id: ejpam-3075 author: Gupta, Arjun K.; Kabe, D. G. title: Selberg-Type Generalized Quadratic Forms Gamma and Beta Integrals date: 2017 words: 1884 flesch: 82 summary: = x1 − ix2 − jx3 − kx4 − lx5 −mx6 − nx7 − rx8. = (α1 − θ)−g1 ...(αn − θ)−gn = (α1 − θ)−g1((α1 − θ)− (α1 − α2))−g2 ...((α1 − θ)− (α1 − αn))−gn = (α1 − θ)−(g1+...+gn+r2+...rn) ∑∞ r2=0 ... ∑∞ rn=0 ( g2+r2−1 r2 ) ... ( gn+rn−1 rn ) (α1 − α2)r2 ... (α1 − αn)rn , (17) where α1 = max{α1, ..., αn}. keywords: density; kabe cache: ejpam-3075.pdf plain text: ejpam-3075.txt item: #258 of 2048 id: ejpam-3084 author: Abbas, Salman; Taqi, Syed Ali; Mustafa, Fakhar; Murtaza, Maryam; Shahbaz, Muhammad Qaiser title: Topp-Leone Inverse Weibull Distribution: Theory and Application date: 2017 words: 5525 flesch: 75 summary: [10] discussed moments of order statistics of Inverse Weibull distribution and obtained BLUE (best linear unbiased estimator) for both location and scale parameters. Aleem [12] worked on the product, ratio, and single moments of lower record values of Inverse Weibull distribution. keywords: distribution; inverse; tliw; weibull cache: ejpam-3084.pdf plain text: ejpam-3084.txt item: #259 of 2048 id: ejpam-3086 author: Malek, Freshteh; Samanipour, Mahboobeh title: Harmonic and (Ï•, ϕ´)-holomorphic Maps on Some Generalization of Contact Metric Manifolds date: 2017 words: 2954 flesch: 78 summary: It should be noted that these manifolds are not necessarily contact metric manifolds. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53C40, 53C15, 53C25 Key Words and Phrases: Quasi contact metric manifold, Nearly Sasakian manifold, Quasi Kähler manifold, Holomorphic map, Contact metric manifold 1. keywords: contact; manifolds; metric cache: ejpam-3086.pdf plain text: ejpam-3086.txt item: #260 of 2048 id: ejpam-310 author: Kurulay, Muhammet; Bayram, Mustafa title: A Novel Power Series Method for Solving Second Order Partial Differential Equations date: 2009 words: 2035 flesch: 69 summary: In this article, a new approach is proposed to solve partial differential equation. Chen and Ho [7] proposed methods to Solving partial differential equations by two-dimensional differential transform method. keywords: differential; equations cache: ejpam-310.pdf plain text: ejpam-310.txt item: #261 of 2048 id: ejpam-3112 author: Ghanbari, Alireza; Taghizadeh, Houshang; Iranzadeh, Soleyman title: Project Duration Performance Measurement By Fuzzy Approach under Uncertainty date: 2017 words: 5511 flesch: 67 summary: The percent complete of activities are transformed to fuzzy numbers and EDM performance indices are developed to fuzzy duration performance indices. Introduction Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements. keywords: c 𝑇; d 𝑇; d<1 𝑇; 𝐷𝑃𝐼̃ ≥; 𝑇 𝐷𝑃𝐼̃; 𝑇 𝐸𝐷𝐼̃; 𝑐 𝑇; 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑥≥1 𝜇𝐷𝑃𝐼̃; 𝜇𝐷𝑃𝐼̃ 𝑥 cache: ejpam-3112.pdf plain text: ejpam-3112.txt item: #262 of 2048 id: ejpam-3118 author: Mello, Cristiane de title: The Group of Units of Integral Group Rings of Extra-Special 2-Groups date: 2017 words: 4936 flesch: 87 summary: Therefore u can be written as an integral invertible matrix U = [uij ] , 1 ≤ i, j ≤ 4, where u11 = 2(α1 + α2 + α4 + α8) + 1, u12 = 2(−α5 + α7 + α9 − α10), u13 = 2(−α3 + α6 + α11 − α14), u14 = 2(α12 − α13 − α15 + α16), u21 = 2(α5 + α7 + α9 + α10), u22 = 2(α1 + α2 − α4 − α8) + 1, u23 = 2(α12 + α13 − α15 − α16), u24 = 2(−α3 + α6 − α11 + α14), u31 = 2(α3 + α6 + α11 + α14), u32 = 2(α12 − α13 + α15 − α16), u33 = 2(α1 − α2 + α4 − α8) + 1, u34 = 2(−α5 + α7 − α9 + α10), u41 = 2(α12 + α13 + α15 + α16), u42 = 2(α3 + α6 − α11 − α14), u43 = 2(α5 + α7 − α9 − α10), u44 = 2(α1 − α2 − α4 + α8) + 1. = −α5 + α7 − α9 + α10, X41 = α12 + α13 + α15 + α16, X42 = α3 + α6 − α11 − α14, X43 = α5 + α7 − α9 − α10, X44 = α1 − α2 − α4 + α8. keywords: group; units cache: ejpam-3118.pdf plain text: ejpam-3118.txt item: #263 of 2048 id: ejpam-3126 author: Yiarayong, Pairote; Siripitukdet, Manoj title: On Generalizations of phi-2-Absorbing Primary Submodules date: 2018 words: 8316 flesch: 87 summary: N is said to be a φ-2-absorbing primary submodule of M if whenever a1, a2 ∈ R and m ∈ M with a1a2m ∈ N − φ(N), then a1a2 ∈ √ (N : M) or a1m ∈ N or a2m ∈ N . Moreover, recall from [10] that a proper submodule N of M is said to be a φ-2-absorbing submodule of M if whenever a1, a2 ∈ R and m ∈ M with a1a2m ∈ N − φ(N) implies a1a2 ∈ (N : M) or a1m ∈ N or a2m ∈ N . keywords: a1a2; primary; submodule; φ-2 cache: ejpam-3126.pdf plain text: ejpam-3126.txt item: #264 of 2048 id: ejpam-3129 author: Bahmandoust, Parisa; Latifi, Dariush title: On Finsler s-manifolds date: 2017 words: 4968 flesch: 80 summary: If we drop the involution property in the definition of symmetric Finsler space keeping the property sx ◦ sy = sz ◦ sx, z = sx(y), we get a bigger class of Finsler manifolds as symmetric Finsler spaces. The definition of symmetric Finsler space is a naturall generalization of E. Cartan’s definition of Riemannian symmetric spaces [8]. keywords: finsler cache: ejpam-3129.pdf plain text: ejpam-3129.txt item: #265 of 2048 id: ejpam-3133 author: Mustafa, Zead; Jaradat, M.M.M.; Aydi, Hassen; Alrhayyel, Ahmad title: Some Common Fixed Points of Six Mappings on G_b-metric Spaces Using (E.A) Property date: 2018 words: 7188 flesch: 84 summary: Different authors used (φ, ψ)-contractions to obtain common fixed point results in different spaces. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Complete Gb-metric space, Cauchy sequence, (φ, ψ)-contraction, (E.A) property, common fixed point, weakly compatible. keywords: lim; metric; n→∞ cache: ejpam-3133.pdf plain text: ejpam-3133.txt item: #266 of 2048 id: ejpam-3136 author: Sarwar, Muhammad; Hussain, Saddam; Li, Yongjin title: n-tupled Fixed Point Results with Rational Type Contraction in b-metric Spaces date: 2018 words: 8588 flesch: 86 summary: Suppose X = R and S, T : Xn → X be defined by S(x1, x2, x3, · · · , xn) Coupled fixed point theorems for ϕ-contractive mixed monotone map- pings in partially ordered metric spaces. keywords: 2k+1; d(x1; d(xn cache: ejpam-3136.pdf plain text: ejpam-3136.txt item: #267 of 2048 id: ejpam-314 author: Wu, Ailong; Fu, Chaojin title: Almost Periodic Solutions for Shunting Inhibitory Cellular Neural Networks with Time-varying and Distributed Delays date: 2009 words: 4170 flesch: 78 summary: Math, 2 (2009), (448-461) 455 (H4) there exists a constant r1 ≥ r0 such that F(0) + L(r0)r0+ L(r1)r1 < 1 D , where F(0) =max ¦� � f (0) � � , � �g(0) � � © ; (H5) Math, 2 (2009), (448-461) 452 where D =max (i, j) { ∑ Ckl∈Nr (i, j) C kl i j + ∑ Ckl∈Nq(i, j) B kl i j ∫∞ 0 � �Ki j(u) � �du a i j }> 0, F(0) = max ¦� � f (0) � � , � �g(0) � � © , L = max (i, j) L keywords: � � cache: ejpam-314.pdf plain text: ejpam-314.txt item: #268 of 2048 id: ejpam-3142 author: Abu Nawas, Mohammad Khalil; Al-Omary, Radwan M. title: On Ideals and Commutativity of Prime Rings with Generalized Derivations date: 2018 words: 5310 flesch: 86 summary: An additive mapping d : R −→ R is called a derivation if d(xy) = d(x)y+ xd(y) for all x, y ∈ R. In particular, for a fixed a ∈ R, the mapping Ia : R −→ R given by Ia(x) − β(y)x, (x ◦ y)α,β = xα(y) + β(y)x An additive map d : R −→ R is called an (α, β)-derivation if d(xy) keywords: y ∈; ∈ z(r cache: ejpam-3142.pdf plain text: ejpam-3142.txt item: #269 of 2048 id: ejpam-3153 author: Liu, Chang; Bao, Wuyungaowa title: Application of Probabilistic Method on Daehee Sequences date: 2018 words: 2747 flesch: 80 summary: Similarly, D̂ (k) n = D̂ (k) n,1 are higher-order Daehee numbers of the second kind, D̂n,ξ = D̂ (1) n,ξ are twisted Daehee numbers of the second kind, and D̂n = D̂ (1) n,1 are Daehee numbers of the second kind. (1) In special case, when x = 0, D (k) n,ξ = D (k) n,ξ(0) are called twisted Daehee numbers of order k. keywords: numbers cache: ejpam-3153.pdf plain text: ejpam-3153.txt item: #270 of 2048 id: ejpam-3157 author: Allahem, Ali; Boulaaras, Salah; Zennir, Khaled; Haiour, Mohamed title: A New Mathematical Model of Heat Equations And its Application on the Agriculture Soil date: 2018 words: 5555 flesch: 63 summary: Temperature diffusion equation The objective of this work is precisely to propose a one-dimensional numerical predic- tion model based on the finite element approximation for the evolution of the temperature field in a homogeneous soil. The model was treated through this research that enable to know the degree of soil temperature homogeneous without recourse to tools of measuring physical expensive. keywords: finite; model; n−1∑; soil; temperature; uhn; uhn+1 cache: ejpam-3157.pdf plain text: ejpam-3157.txt item: #271 of 2048 id: ejpam-3165 author: Barnes, Benedict; Wusu-Ansah, E.D J.O.; Amponsah, S. K.; Adjei, I.A. title: The Proofs of Triangle Inequality Using Binomial Inequalities date: 2018 words: 3308 flesch: 76 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 44B43, 44B44 Key Words and Phrases: Triangle inequality, triangle through binomial inequality, triangle inequality through Euclidean norm, Hilbert space 1. Another version for obtaining this kind of triangle inequality in Banach space was obtained by authors in [6]. keywords: inequality; v)2 cache: ejpam-3165.pdf plain text: ejpam-3165.txt item: #272 of 2048 id: ejpam-3175 author: Fang, Zheng; He, Jianxun title: Littlewood-Paley g-function and Radon Transform on the Heisenberg Group date: 2018 words: 3421 flesch: 82 summary: The research of Radon transform has made important influence due to its wide applications to partial differential equations, X-ray technology, radio astronomy and so on. The combination of Radon transform and wavelet transform has proved to be very useful both in pure mathematics and applied science. keywords: radon; transform cache: ejpam-3175.pdf plain text: ejpam-3175.txt item: #273 of 2048 id: ejpam-3176 author: Alrawashdeh, Mufda Jameel; Radwan, Taha Radwan; Abunawas, Kalid Abunawas title: Performance of Linear Discriminant Analysis Using Different Robust Methods date: 2018 words: 5656 flesch: 59 summary: Robust estimators have been proposed to limit the effects of outlier observations, and certain methods have been pre- sented to overcome the outlier problem, such as the high breakdown criterion developed by Hawkins and McLachlan [11]. All the parameters must be estimated based on robust estimators to overcome the outlier problem, thereby requiring high-performance robust estimators. keywords: algorithm; analysis; covariance; data; detmcd; estimator; fastmcd; fch; robust cache: ejpam-3176.pdf plain text: ejpam-3176.txt item: #274 of 2048 id: ejpam-3182 author: Carella, N. A. title: The Generalized Artin Primitive Root Conjecture date: 2018 words: 4431 flesch: 80 summary: Key Words and Phrases: Primitive root, Generalized primitive root 1. The basic properties of primitive root are explicated in [1], [30], et cetera. keywords: function; log; mod; root cache: ejpam-3182.pdf plain text: ejpam-3182.txt item: #275 of 2048 id: ejpam-3184 author: Al-shomrani, Mohammed Mosa; Heliel, Abdlruhman A. title: The Influence of C- Z-permutable Subgroups on the Structure of Finite Groups date: 2018 words: 4380 flesch: 82 summary: Let Z be a complete set of Sylow subgroups of a finite group G, that is, for each prime p dividing the order of G, Z contains exactly one and only one Sylow p-subgroup of G, say Gp. Recently, in 2003, Asaad and Heliel [1] introduced the concept of Z-permutability which generalizes S-permutability as follows: Let Z be a complete set of Sylow subgroups of a group G. A subgroup H of G is said to be Z-permutable in G if H permutes with every ∗Corresponding author. keywords: subgroup cache: ejpam-3184.pdf plain text: ejpam-3184.txt item: #276 of 2048 id: ejpam-3193 author: Khan, Waheed Ahmad; Muhammad, Adnan; Taouti, Abdelghani; Maki, Jameel title: Almost Prime Ideal in Gamma Near Ring date: 2018 words: 4653 flesch: 89 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 13A05, 13A18, 12J20 Key Words and Phrases: Γ-near-rings, prime ideals, almost prime ideals. Introduction and Preliminaries Recently, the generalization of prime ideal i.e., almost prime ideal in commutative rings has been introduced and discussed by Srikant M. Bhatwadekar and Pramod K. Sharma ( See [3]). keywords: ideal; prime cache: ejpam-3193.pdf plain text: ejpam-3193.txt item: #277 of 2048 id: ejpam-3194 author: Fiza, Mehreen; Ullah, Hakeem; Islam, Saeed; Shah, Qayum; Chohan, Farkhanda Inayat; Mamat, Mustafa Bin title: Modifications of the Multistep Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method to Some Nonlinear KdV-Equations date: 2018 words: 4824 flesch: 78 summary: Solution Closed Form Solution (HAM) Solution 0 0.473333 0.47422 0.473333 20 0.510507 0.51122 0.51030 40 0.51328 0.513294 0.51324 60 0.513332 0.513333 0.513310 80 0.513333 0.513333 0.513333 100 0.513333 0.513333 0.513333 Table 2: Comparison of (MOHAM), HAM and Closed form solutions for v(ζ, t) at t = 1 ζ (MOHAM) Solution Closed Form Solution (HAM) Solution 0 0.334667 0.343533 0.334661 20 0.706406 0.713534 0.706402 40 0.73413 0.734269 0.73411 60 0.734657 0.734659 0.734654 80 0.734666 0.734667 0.734665 100 0.734667 0.734667 0.734667 Table 3: Comparison of (MOHAM), HAM and Closed form solutions for w(ζ, t) at t = 1 ζ (MOHAM) Solution Closed Form Solution (HAM) Solution 0 1.5 1.50222 1.5 20 1.59393 1.59472 1.59293 40 1.59987 1.5999 1.59985 60 1.6 1.6 1.6 80 1.6 1.6 1.6 100 1.6 1.6 1.6 H. Ullah et al. / Eur. Fundamental Mathematical Theory of (MOHAM) for a system of coupled PDEs Consider a system of n partial differential equations of the form A1 ( f1(ζ, t), f2(ζ, t), ..., fn(ζ, t) ) + s1(ζ, t) keywords: method; moham; solution cache: ejpam-3194.pdf plain text: ejpam-3194.txt item: #278 of 2048 id: ejpam-3196 author: Ramosacaj, Miftar; Kashuri, Artion; Liko, Rozana title: Some New Hermite-Hadamard-Fejer Type Inequlaties via k-Fractional Integrals Concerning Differentiable Generalized Relative Semi-(r; m, h1, h2)-Preinvex Mappings date: 2018 words: 6041 flesch: 80 summary: [32] W. Liu, W. Wen, J. Park, Ostrowski type fractional integral inequalities for MT- convex functions, Miskolc Math. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 11, No. 1, 2018, 51-68 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Some new Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér type inequalities via k-fractional integrals concerning differentiable generalized relative semi-(r;m,h1, h2)-preinvex mappings Miftar Ramosaçaj1, Artion Kashuri1,∗, Rozana Liko1 1 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Technical Science, University ”Ismail Qemali”, Vlora, Albania Abstract. keywords: α k cache: ejpam-3196.pdf plain text: ejpam-3196.txt item: #279 of 2048 id: ejpam-3199 author: Dally, Malak M.; Abdulrahim, Mohammad N. title: On the Irreducibility of Perron Representations of Degrees 4 and 5 date: 2018 words: 5834 flesch: 86 summary: = b1 0 0 b2 0 0 b3 0 0  , C =  λ1d1 λ2d1 λ3d1 λ1d2 λ2d2 λ3d2 −t(1+t+t2) 1+t λ1 −t(1+t+t2) 1+t λ2 −t(1+t+t2) 1+t λ3  , and D =  d1 0 0 d2 0 0 −t(1+t+t2) 1+t 0 0  . Thus, b3 b1 = (−d1(1+t)+d2+b1t)((λ1b1+λ2b2+λ3b3)(1+t)+b1t) b1t . keywords: representation cache: ejpam-3199.pdf plain text: ejpam-3199.txt item: #280 of 2048 id: ejpam-3200 author: Elsheikh Hamid, Muawya title: On McShane-Stieltjes Integrals of Interval-valued Functions and Fuzzy-number-valued Functions on Time Scales date: 2018 words: 3866 flesch: 85 summary: b∫ a F (t)dα = I0 and F ∈ IMSα∆[a, b]T. Remark 1. b∫ a F (t)∆t = I0 and F ∈ IM∆[a, b]T. Definition 5. keywords: b]t; ms∆; t)dα cache: ejpam-3200.pdf plain text: ejpam-3200.txt item: #281 of 2048 id: ejpam-3201 author: Buslaev, Alexander Pavlovich; Tatashev, Alexander Gennadjevich; Yashina, Marina Victorovna title: On Flows Spectrum on Closed Trio of Contours with Uniform Load date: 2018 words: 8197 flesch: 84 summary: Thus, if the cluster velocity is not equal to 1, then the system approaches to one of the two states ( l, 12 , α30 ) , 0 ≤ α30 ≤ 1, Fig.1, or ( α10, 1 2 , 1 2 + l ) , 0 ≤ α10 ≤ 1, Fig.2, up to a shift, during a finite time 0,5 0,50,5 0 0 0 l 0,5 - l γ0γ -0 l Figure 1: System state l, 1/2, α30 0,5 0,50,5 0 0 0 α 0 1 - l 0,5 + l α 0 -l Figure 2: System state α10, 1/2, 1/2 + l 2.4. Depending on the value of cluster length l we have 1) keywords: state; system; time; α3,0 cache: ejpam-3201.pdf plain text: ejpam-3201.txt item: #282 of 2048 id: ejpam-3206 author: Farahat, Mohamed A.; Al-Bogamy, Salha T. title: Weak PS-rings over Skew Hurwitz Series date: 2018 words: 7242 flesch: 90 summary: Math, 11 (1) (2018), 244-259 250 Lemma 2. Let R be an NI-ring, L a maximal right ideal in R and R = R /nil (R) . Thus a = 0 which implies that `R ( L ) = (0) and we conclude that R = R /nil (R) is a right PS-ring. Case (2): Assume that NR(L) keywords: left; right; ring; ring r cache: ejpam-3206.pdf plain text: ejpam-3206.txt item: #283 of 2048 id: ejpam-3208 author: Khan, Muhammad Shuaib; King, Robert; Hudson, Irene L. title: Transmuted Modified Weibull distribution: Properties and Application date: 2018 words: 3825 flesch: 74 summary: Modified Weibull distribution. 2. Transmuted Modified Weibull Distribution The transmuted modified Weibull distribution (TMWD) was recently proposed by Khan and King keywords: distribution; exp; weibull cache: ejpam-3208.pdf plain text: ejpam-3208.txt item: #284 of 2048 id: ejpam-3209 author: Barnes, Benedict; Owusu-Ansah, E.D.J.; Amponsah, S.K.; Sebil, C. title: The Proofs of Product Inequalities in Vector Spaces date: 2018 words: 4383 flesch: 81 summary: Also, if f, g : Ω→ R, then ‖f‖p + ‖g‖p ≤ ‖f‖p‖g‖p. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 44B45, 44B46 Key Words and Phrases: Product inequality, first product nequality, second product inequality, generalized vector space, Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 1. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 11, No. 2, 2018, 375-389 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global The Proofs of product inequalities in a generalized vector space Benedict Barnes1,∗, E. D. J. Owusu-Ansah1, S. K. Amponsah1, C. Sebil1 1 Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana Abstract. keywords: inequality; product cache: ejpam-3209.pdf plain text: ejpam-3209.txt item: #285 of 2048 id: ejpam-3213 author: Karahan, Done; Izgi, Aydin title: On Approximation Properties of (p,q)-Bernstein Operators date: 2018 words: 3502 flesch: 87 summary: For f ∈ C [ 0, [n+a]p,q [n+b]p,q ] , F p,q n,a,b(f ;x) = 1 p n(n−1) 2 n∑ k=0 f ( [k]p,q[n+ a]p,q pk−n[n]p,q[n+ b]p,q ) qp,qn,k,a,b(x), 0 ≤ x ≤ For ∀x ∈ [ 0, [n+a]p,q [n+b]p,q ] and ∀n ∈ N, (p, q)-Bernstein operators (9) are satisfied the following equalities: i. F p,q n,a,b(1;x) keywords: a]p; b]p cache: ejpam-3213.pdf plain text: ejpam-3213.txt item: #286 of 2048 id: ejpam-3214 author: Devdhara, Ankita R.; Mishra, Vishnu Narayan title: Local Approximation Results for Stancu Variant of Modified Szasz-Mirakjan Operators date: 2018 words: 2705 flesch: 79 summary: Indeed, the rapid development has led to the discovery of new generalizations of approximation operators (one may refer to [2],[7], Using above operators and (9), we get Ŝα,βn (t− x;x) keywords: operators cache: ejpam-3214.pdf plain text: ejpam-3214.txt item: #287 of 2048 id: ejpam-3222 author: Srivastava, Hari M.; Chaudhary, M. P.; Chaudhary, Sangeeta title: Some Theta-Function Identities Related to Jacobi’s Triple-Product Identity date: 2018 words: 3037 flesch: 78 summary: − 6q37 − 2q40 − 4q45 − 4q46 − 2q49 − 2q50 − 2q52 − 2q53 − 4q54 − 2q55 − 2q56 − 2q59 − 2q61 − 6q64 − · · · . − 2q22 − 4q24 − 2q25 − 2q26 − 2q28 − 2q29 − 4q30 − 2q31 − 2q35 keywords: chaudhary cache: ejpam-3222.pdf plain text: ejpam-3222.txt item: #288 of 2048 id: ejpam-3223 author: Bupasiri, Sudprathai title: On the Elementary Solution for the Partial Differential Operator $\circledcirc_c^{k}$ Related to the Wave Equation date: 2018 words: 3087 flesch: 78 summary: = f(x), where f is generalized function and u(x) is unknown function for x ∈ Rn. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 46F10 Key Words and Phrases: Elementary solution, Dirac-delta distribution, Temper distribution 1. In particular, we obtain (−1)kRe−2,1(v) ∗G(x) = M2,1(u) is an elementary solution of the wave operator defined by (10) where u = t2 − x21 − x22 − · · · − x2n−1. keywords: operator cache: ejpam-3223.pdf plain text: ejpam-3223.txt item: #289 of 2048 id: ejpam-3226 author: Calkavur, Selda title: Secret Sharing Schemes Based on Extension Fields date: 2018 words: 2815 flesch: 80 summary: There is numerous research about secret sharing schemes. However there is little research on secret sharing schemes based on extension fields. keywords: schemes; secret; sharing cache: ejpam-3226.pdf plain text: ejpam-3226.txt item: #290 of 2048 id: ejpam-3228 author: Ullah, Aman; Karaaslan, Faruk; Ahmad, Imtiaz title: Soft Uni-Abel-Grassmann's Groups date: 2018 words: 6334 flesch: 94 summary: [10] A. Sezer, A. O. Atagün, Soft groups and normalistic soft groups, Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 62(2), 685-698, 2011. They defined concept of soft groups. keywords: group cache: ejpam-3228.pdf plain text: ejpam-3228.txt item: #291 of 2048 id: ejpam-3229 author: Hussain, Javed; Shabir, Muhammad title: On M-Principally Injective and Projective S-acts date: 2018 words: 6817 flesch: 83 summary: = γα(m) for all m ∈ M, hence β = γα ∈ HomS (M,N )α. For m ∈ M we have βu(m) = ψ(m) ∈ β(M) keywords: act; projective cache: ejpam-3229.pdf plain text: ejpam-3229.txt item: #292 of 2048 id: ejpam-323 author: Khelifi, Abdessatar; Shamma, Mohammed Nour title: Estimates for Resonant Frequencies Under Boundary Deformation in Multi-dimensional Space date: 2010 words: 4677 flesch: 74 summary: The properties of eigenvalue problems under shape deformation have been the subject of comprehensive studies [9, 22] and the area continues to carry great importance to this day [4, 7, 6, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15]. [4] O. P. Bruno and F. Reitich, Boundary-variation solution of eigenvalue problems for elliptic operators, J. Fourier Anal. keywords: problem; theorem cache: ejpam-323.pdf plain text: ejpam-323.txt item: #293 of 2048 id: ejpam-3245 author: Dalloul, Amran title: On the Existence of Roots of Some p-adic Exponential-Polynomials date: 2018 words: 4518 flesch: 83 summary: Now apply the previous steps to obtain The Newton polygon of exp(X) as follows: Rotate the vertical half-line of the negative part of the y-axis until it reaches to a position parallel to the line Y = − 1 p−1(X − 1). The line hits a finite number of points. keywords: line; newton; points; polygon cache: ejpam-3245.pdf plain text: ejpam-3245.txt item: #294 of 2048 id: ejpam-3246 author: Muhiuddin, G.; Aldhafeeri, Shuaa title: Subalgebras and Ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras Based on Uni-hesitant Fuzzy Set Theory date: 2018 words: 5171 flesch: 84 summary: Characterizations of uni-hesitant fuzzy algebras and uni-hesitant fuzzy (closed) ideals are considered, and a new uni-hesitant fuzzy algebra (resp. In this paper, we introduce the notions of uni-hesitant fuzzy algebras and uni-hesitant fuzzy (closed) ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras, and investigate several related properties. keywords: fuzzy; hesitant cache: ejpam-3246.pdf plain text: ejpam-3246.txt item: #295 of 2048 id: ejpam-3250 author: Molla, Fatih; Calkavur, Selda title: A New Approach to Construct Secret Sharing Schemes Based on Field Extensions date: 2018 words: 2873 flesch: 80 summary: In this paper, we propose a new approach to construct secret sharing schemes based on field extensions. Key Words and Phrases: Field extension, secret sharing, secret sharing scheme. keywords: scheme; secret; sharing cache: ejpam-3250.pdf plain text: ejpam-3250.txt item: #296 of 2048 id: ejpam-3253 author: ALZahrani, Samirah title: C-Tychonoff and L-Tychonoff Topological Spaces date: 2018 words: 4723 flesch: 78 summary: Let Z be a Tychonoff space and let f : X −→ Z be a bijective function such that the restriction f|K : K −→ f(K) is a home- omorphism for each compact subspace K ⊆ X. Let h : Y −→ X be a homeomorphism. If X is C-Tychonoff and f : X −→ Y is a witness of the C-Tychonoffness of X, then f may not be continuous. keywords: space; subspace; tychonoff cache: ejpam-3253.pdf plain text: ejpam-3253.txt item: #297 of 2048 id: ejpam-3257 author: Shahbaz, Saman Hanif; Shahbaz, Muhammad Qaiser title: On Concomitants of Dual Generalized Order Statistics for a Bivariate Inverse Exponential Distribution date: 2018 words: 2853 flesch: 68 summary: In this section we have derived the joint distribution of the concomitants of the dgos for bivariate inverse exponential distribution given in (9). 5. Conclusions and Recommendations In this paper we have obtained the distribution of concomitants and joint distribu- tion of two concomitants of dual generalized order statistics when a sample is available from bivariate inverse exponential distributions. keywords: concomitants; distribution cache: ejpam-3257.pdf plain text: ejpam-3257.txt item: #298 of 2048 id: ejpam-3258 author: Rehman, Mutti-Ur; Anwar, M. Fazeel title: Computing mu-values for Representations of Symmetric Groups in Engineering Systems date: 2018 words: 5791 flesch: 72 summary: The obtained bounds for SSV for above matrix M when the perturbation structure takes the form, ∆B = {diag(∆1) : ∆1 ∈ C3,3}, are as follows. The obtained bounds of SSV for above given matrix M when the perturbation set takes the form, ∆B = {diag(∆1) : ∆1 ∈ C3,3}, are as follows. keywords: algorithm; bounds; function; matrix; mussv; perturbation cache: ejpam-3258.pdf plain text: ejpam-3258.txt item: #299 of 2048 id: ejpam-3259 author: Gashi, Menderes title: On the Symmetric Block Design with Parameters (306,61,12) Admitting a Group of Order 61 date: 2018 words: 2488 flesch: 79 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05B05 Key Words and Phrases: Symmetric block design, Orbit structure, Automorphism group 1. Among symmetric block designs of square order, a study of symmetric block designs of order 49 is of a particular interest. keywords: block; design; orbit cache: ejpam-3259.pdf plain text: ejpam-3259.txt item: #300 of 2048 id: ejpam-3261 author: Abood, Habeeb Mtashar; Al-Hussaini, Farah title: Locally Conformal Almost Cosymplectic Manifold of Φ-holomorphic Sectional Conharmonic Curvature Tensor date: 2018 words: 3782 flesch: 74 summary: Then the necessary and suffcient condition in which M is a manifold of point constant ΦHST-curvature C0 is Aadbc = 4BdahBchb +BadBbc − 4σ[aδh] c σ[hδ d b] + δac δ d bσ 2 0 − C0δ a b δ d c − 1 2n− 1 (rdb δ a c + rac δ d b ) Proof. i(ΦX)jXk(ΦX)l = C0gijgklX iXjXkX l According to the property (ΦX)a = √ −1Xa, (ΦX)â = − √ −1X â and (ΦX)0 = 0 and then using the properties of conharmonic tensor, we get −4Tâbcd̂ = 4C0δ a b δ d c Hence Aadbc = 4BdahBchb +BadBbc − 4σ[aδh] c σ[hδ d b] + δac δ d bσ 2 0 − C0δ a b δ d c − 1 2n− 1 (rdb δ a c + rac δ d b ) keywords: curvature; manifold; tensor cache: ejpam-3261.pdf plain text: ejpam-3261.txt item: #301 of 2048 id: ejpam-3266 author: Kehayopulu, Niovi title: On Semilattice Congruences on Hypersemigroups and on Ordered Hypersemigroups date: 2018 words: 9812 flesch: 86 summary: If (a, b) ∈ σ and c ∈ S, then (a ◦ c, b ◦ c) ∈ σ. If (S, ·,≤) is an ordered groupoid, a subset F of S is called a filter of S if it is a filter of (S, ·) and, in addition if a ∈ F and S ∈ b ≥ a implies b ∈ F keywords: ∈ σ; ◦ c cache: ejpam-3266.pdf plain text: ejpam-3266.txt item: #302 of 2048 id: ejpam-327 author: Kumar, S.Ravi; Prasad, R.Siva title: Interaction of Pulsatile Flow on the Peristaltic Motion of Couple Stress Fluid Through Porous Medium in a Flexible Channel date: 2010 words: 4097 flesch: 71 summary: [ψ0+ kei tψ̄0+ ε[ψ1+ kei tψ̄1] (16) Substituting (16) in (9) and equating the like powers of ε, the equations corresponding to the zeroth and first order steady components are RSψ0y y y y y y −ψ0y The equations related to zeroth and first order oscillatory terms are RSψ̄0y y y y y y − ψ̄0y y y y +σ 2ψ̄0y y = 0 (22) keywords: flow; y y cache: ejpam-327.pdf plain text: ejpam-327.txt item: #303 of 2048 id: ejpam-3272 author: Korkmaz, Esra; Erturk, Riza title: Separation Axioms in Diframes date: 2018 words: 7075 flesch: 81 summary: = ⋂ {c(k) : k ∈ Lcf and k ≤ a} for all a ∈ Lfr. (d) ∀a ∈ Lfr, ∀x, y ∈ Le, a � y → x⇒ k ∈ Lcf ; k ≤ a, y � k → x. (ii) Now, by regularity of L, ai = ∨ j∈J {bij ∈ Lfr : ∃fij ∈ Lcf ; bij ≤ fij ≤ ai} for all i ∈ I. keywords: diframe; lcf; lfr cache: ejpam-3272.pdf plain text: ejpam-3272.txt item: #304 of 2048 id: ejpam-3273 author: Haidar, Hasan A.; Abdulrahim, Mohammad N. title: On the Irreducibility of Fourth Dimensional Tuba's Representation of the Pure Braid Group on Three Strands date: 2018 words: 6249 flesch: 89 summary: Math, 11 (3) (2018), 682-701 694 In the case λ2 − λ3 = 0, we get Iλ3 = 0, a contradiction (Lemma 10). Substituting, β = Iλ3 λ3−λ2 in the equation (λ3 − λ2)N1 = 0, we get α ( λ21 − λ23 ) (λ3 − λ2) + IJλ3λ2 (λ1 + λ2) + Jλ3[λ1 + λ3 + Iλ2](λ3 − λ2) = 0. keywords: case cache: ejpam-3273.pdf plain text: ejpam-3273.txt item: #305 of 2048 id: ejpam-3274 author: Zhang, Jiangang; Yang, Yuhui; Shen, Ran title: The Strong Semilattice of Pi-groups date: 2018 words: 3927 flesch: 87 summary: = (aϕα,β)(eβbθα,β) = aϕα,βbθα,β = aφα,βbφα,β. Case 4: if a ∈ Gα, b ∈ Qα, then ab ∈ Gα, similar to the above case, (ab)φα,β = (ab)θα,β = ((aeα)b)θα,β = (a(eαb))θα,β = aθα,β(eαb)θα,β = aθα,β(beα)θα,β (by Lemma 1) = aθα,βbϕα,βeβ = aθα,βbϕα,β (by Condition (iii)) = aφα,βbφα,β. Let S be a GV-inverse semigroup and RegS be an ideal of S. For any α ∈ Y , if a ∈ Gα, then Ha = La = Ra = Ja = Gα; if a ∈ Qα, then Ja = {a}. keywords: semigroup cache: ejpam-3274.pdf plain text: ejpam-3274.txt item: #306 of 2048 id: ejpam-3275 author: Khumprapussorn, Thawatchai title: On alpha-prime and Weakly alpha-prime Submodules date: 2018 words: 5050 flesch: 94 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 13C99 Key Words and Phrases: α-prime submodules, weakly α-prime submodules, α-prime ideals, weakly α-prime ideals 1. Weakly α-prime submodules In this section we begin with the definition of weakly α-prime submodules which is a generalization of α-prime submodules. keywords: prime cache: ejpam-3275.pdf plain text: ejpam-3275.txt item: #307 of 2048 id: ejpam-3279 author: Mohammed, Nawaf Jaber; Abood, Habeeb Mtashar title: Some Results on Projective Curvature Tensor of Nearly Cosymplectic Manifold date: 2018 words: 3327 flesch: 73 summary: In particular, the necessary and sufficient conditions that a projective tensor is vanishes are found. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53C55, 53B35 Key Words and Phrases: Projective curvature tensor, almost contact manifold, nearly cosym- plectic manifold 1. [10] Jawarneh M., Samui S., Projective curvature tensor on (k, µ)-contact space forms, Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, V. 113, No.3, P. 425-439, 2017. keywords: definition; manifold; tensor cache: ejpam-3279.pdf plain text: ejpam-3279.txt item: #308 of 2048 id: ejpam-3280 author: Ranjbar-Yanehsari, Esmail; Asghari-Larimi, Mohsen; Ameri, Reza title: Soft Hypervector Space and Fuzzy Soft Hypervector Space date: 2019 words: 6621 flesch: 95 summary: Then (i) (f,A)0 u (g,B)0 v (h, c)0 (ii) fc(0) = gc(0)⇒ (f,A)0 u (g,B)0 = (h,C)0, ∀c ∈ A ∩B. 5. Image and pre-image of fuzzy soft hypervector space In this section, the theorem of homomorphic image and homomorphic pre-image of fuzzy soft hypervector spaces are studied. Soft hypervector spaces and fuzzy soft hypervector spaces EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 12, No. 1, 2019, 118-134 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Soft hypervector spaces and fuzzy soft hypervector spaces Esmail Ranjbar-Yanehsari1, Mohsen Asghari-Larimi1,∗, Reza Ameri2 1 Department of Mathematics, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran 2 Department of Mathematics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abstract. keywords: hypervector; let; space cache: ejpam-3280.pdf plain text: ejpam-3280.txt item: #309 of 2048 id: ejpam-3281 author: Dalloul, Amran title: A Note on One-dimensional Varieties Over the Complex p-adic Field date: 2018 words: 5202 flesch: 82 summary: If P has a root of the form (exp(x1), exp(x2)) for some elements x1, x2 ∈ E, then P (exp(x1), exp(x2)) ∈ V , then x1, x2 are Q-linearly dependent. keywords: form cache: ejpam-3281.pdf plain text: ejpam-3281.txt item: #310 of 2048 id: ejpam-3283 author: Petchkaew, Pattarawan; Chinram, Ronnason title: The Minimality and Maximality of n-ideals in n-ary Semigroups date: 2018 words: 6514 flesch: 87 summary: U = S r {a} and U is the unique maximal n-ideal of S. (4) S r U = {a ∈ S | f(Sn−1, a) = S} and U is the unique maximal n-ideal of S. Proof. U = S r {a} and U is the unique maximal n-ideal of S. (4) S r U = {a ∈ S | f(Sn−1, a) = S} and U is the unique maximal n-ideal of S. Proof. keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-3283.pdf plain text: ejpam-3283.txt item: #311 of 2048 id: ejpam-3284 author: Barnes, Benedict; Adjei, I. A.; Amponsah, S. K.; Harris, E. title: Product-Normed Linear Spaces date: 2018 words: 3451 flesch: 84 summary: The authors in [5] and [6] independently extended the linear normed space to quasi- normed linear space. Conclusion In a nutshell, we have introduced the product-normed linear space and product-semi- normed linear space (product-semi-Banch space) which are endowed with some functional space. keywords: linear; normed; product; space cache: ejpam-3284.pdf plain text: ejpam-3284.txt item: #312 of 2048 id: ejpam-3285 author: Hijriati, Na'imah; Wahyuni, Sri; Wijayanti, Indah Emilia title: Generalization of Schur's Lemma in Ring Representations on Modules over a Commutative Ring date: 2018 words: 4418 flesch: 77 summary: Further- more, this representation µ of ring R on module M is called an f -representation of R and M is called an f -representation module of R. Note that prefix f in ”f -representation” depends on a ring homomorphism f : R→ S we choose. From the previous paragraph, we have been knowing that the f -representation module of ring R is a module over R-algebra S. keywords: module; ring cache: ejpam-3285.pdf plain text: ejpam-3285.txt item: #313 of 2048 id: ejpam-3286 author: Iranmanesh, Mahdi; Ganjbakhsh Sanatee, Ali title: A Common Best Proximity Point Theorem for Ï•-dominated Pair date: 2018 words: 2215 flesch: 79 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H09, 47H10 Key Words and Phrases: Common best proximity point, φ-dominated pair, φ-contraction, fixed point 1. An element x ∈ X is said to be common best proximity point of the non- self-mappings S : A −→ B and T : A −→ B if it satisfies the condition that d(x, Sx) = d(x, Tx) = d(A,B). keywords: d(a cache: ejpam-3286.pdf plain text: ejpam-3286.txt item: #314 of 2048 id: ejpam-3288 author: Al-Masarwah, Anas Mohammad; Ahmad, Abd Ghafur title: On Some Properties of Doubt Bipolar Fuzzy H-ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras date: 2018 words: 8586 flesch: 88 summary: Math, 11 (3) (2018), 652-670 654 (I) ((x ∗ y) ∗ (x ∗ z)) ∗ (z ∗ y) = 0, (II) (x ∗ (x ∗ y)) ∗ y = 0, (III) x ∗ x = 0, (IV) x Math, 11 (3) (2018), 652-670 657 Since x ∗ (y ∗ z) ∈M and y ∈M, we have x ∗ z ∈M. So C̃PM (x ∗ z) = 0 and C̃NM (x ∗ z) = 0. keywords: doubt; fuzzy; x ∗; y ∗; µna; ∗ z cache: ejpam-3288.pdf plain text: ejpam-3288.txt item: #315 of 2048 id: ejpam-3291 author: Hoa Nghiem, Nguyen Dang; Janmuang, Phatsarapa; Baupradist, Samruam; Chinram, Ronnason title: On Slightly Compressible-Injective Modules date: 2018 words: 4098 flesch: 77 summary: M → s(M) such that s′(m) = s(m) for all m ∈ M , so is(M)s ′ = s where is(M) : s(M) → M and it(M) : t(M) → M are embedding. M → Im(s) by s′(m) = s(m) for all m ∈ M . keywords: injective; module cache: ejpam-3291.pdf plain text: ejpam-3291.txt item: #316 of 2048 id: ejpam-3292 author: Buslaev, Alexander Pavlovich; Tatashev, Alexander G title: Spectra of Local Cluster Flows on Open Chain of Contours date: 2018 words: 7070 flesch: 81 summary: The average value of clusters velocities is called the average velocity of system clusters in time. In this paper, it has been shown that, in the case of open chain, the spectrum of cluster velocity and mode periodicity contains only one component. keywords: cluster; node; time cache: ejpam-3292.pdf plain text: ejpam-3292.txt item: #317 of 2048 id: ejpam-3293 author: Labendia, Mhelmar Avila; C. Sasam, Jan Alejandro title: On omega-Connectedness and omega-Continuity in the Product Space date: 2018 words: 4716 flesch: 89 summary: (i)⇔ (iii): (i) implies (iii) holds since (subbasic) basic open sets are open sets. After this noteworthy work of Levine several mathematicians became attracted in presenting other topological concepts which can substitute the concepts of open sets. keywords: open cache: ejpam-3293.pdf plain text: ejpam-3293.txt item: #318 of 2048 id: ejpam-3294 author: Qawaqneh, Haitham Ali; Noorani, Mohd Salmi; Shatanawi, Wasfi title: Fixed Point Results for Geraghty Type Generalized F-contraction for Weak alpha-admissible Mapping in Metric-like Spaces date: 2018 words: 4961 flesch: 88 summary: if there exist F ∈ F and τ > 0 such that d(Tx, Ty) > 0⇒ (τ + F (d(Tx, Ty)) ≤ F (d(x, y)), for all x, y ∈ X. 2. Suppose there exist f ∈ F and τ > 0 such that, for all x, y ∈ X with σ(fx, fy) > 0 and α(x, y) ≥ 1, 0 < α(x, y)(τ + F (σ(fx, fy)) ≤ keywords: σ(z cache: ejpam-3294.pdf plain text: ejpam-3294.txt item: #319 of 2048 id: ejpam-3300 author: Barnes, Benedict; Harris, E.; Darquah, N. F.; Hughes, G. title: The Proofs of the Arithmetic-Geometric Mean Inequality Through Both the Product and Binomial Inequalities date: 2018 words: 2170 flesch: 79 summary: These methods are alternative ways of proving AGM inequalities. Some researchers have applied AGM inequality to solve matrix algebra. keywords: inequality cache: ejpam-3300.pdf plain text: ejpam-3300.txt item: #320 of 2048 id: ejpam-3301 author: Anwar, M. Fazeel; Rehman, Mutti-Ur title: Numerical Computation of Lower Bounds of Structured Singular Values date: 2018 words: 4658 flesch: 75 summary: Real perturbation values and real quadratic forms in a complex vector space. In Section 3 it is explain that how the inner algorithm works for the case of pure complex structured perturbations. keywords: bounds; comparison; mussv; ssv cache: ejpam-3301.pdf plain text: ejpam-3301.txt item: #321 of 2048 id: ejpam-3305 author: Kumar, Alok; Tapiawala, Dipti; Mishra, Lakshmi Narayan title: Direct Estimates for Certain Integral Type Operators date: 2018 words: 5778 flesch: 82 summary: [0,∞)= sup x∈[0,∞) |f(x)|), ‖M (β,γ) n,α (f) ‖≤‖ f ‖ . A. Kumar, D. Tapiawala, L. N. Mishra / Eur. In view of (3) and Lemma 2, we get ‖M (β,γ) n,α (f)‖ ≤ ‖f‖M keywords: operators cache: ejpam-3305.pdf plain text: ejpam-3305.txt item: #322 of 2048 id: ejpam-3308 author: Donkoh, Elvis Kobina; Davis, Rebecca; Owusu-Ansah, Emmanuel D.J; Antwi, Emmanuel A.; Mensah, Michael title: Application of Combinatorial Techniques to the Ghanaian Board Game Zaminamina Draft date: 2019 words: 5684 flesch: 79 summary: Variations in the Zaminamina Draft Game Many board games share the element of trying to be the first to get in-a-row, including Three Men’s Morris, Nine Men’s Morris, Pente, Gomoku, Qubic, Connect Four, Quarto, Gobblet, Order and Chaos, Toss Across, and Mojo. Games happen to be a part of our contemporary culture and way of life. keywords: board; game; player; pure; strategy; toe; win; zaminamina cache: ejpam-3308.pdf plain text: ejpam-3308.txt item: #323 of 2048 id: ejpam-3309 author: Bhatti, Kaleemullah; Bano, Zarqa; Siddiqui, Abdul Majeed title: Unsteady Stokes Flow through Porous Channel with Periodic Suction and Injection with Slip Conditions date: 2018 words: 2224 flesch: 68 summary: Results and Discussion The numerical values of axial and radial velocity components have been calculated for different values x, ωt and slip parameter λ. Figure 1: Axial velocity profile for λ=0.1, v1 = 1, v2 = 2 x = 0, H = 10, u0 = 0.5 and α=1 for different values of ωt Figures 1 to 7 are axial velocity profiles at different cross sections of the channel namely at x = 0, x = 2 and x = 4 and for different values of slip parameter namely for λ = 0, K.Bhatti, Z. Bano, A. M. Siddiqui / Eur. Math, 11 (4) (2018), 937-945 942 Figure 2: Axial velocity profile for λ=0.1, v1 = 1, v2 = 2 x = 2, H = 10, u0 = 0.5 and α=1 for different values of ωt Figure 3: Axial velocity profile for λ=0.1, v1 = 1, v2 = 2 x = 4, H = 10, u0 = 0.5 and α=1 for different values of ωt Figure 4: Axial velocity profile for λ=0.2, v1 = 1, v2 = 2 x = 0, H = 10, u0 = 0.5 and α=1 for different values of ωt K.Bhatti, Z. Bano, A. M. Siddiqui / Eur. keywords: velocity cache: ejpam-3309.pdf plain text: ejpam-3309.txt item: #324 of 2048 id: ejpam-3310 author: Labendia, Mhelmar Avila; Arcede, Jayrold title: Double Lusin Condition for the Ito-Henstock Integrable Operator-Valued Stochastic Process date: 2018 words: 4735 flesch: 77 summary: A Q-Wiener process Wt, t ∈ Given η > 0, a given δ-fine belated partial division D = {((ξ, v], ξ)} is said to be a (δ, η)-fine belated partial division of [0, T ] if it fails to cover [0, T ] by at most length η, that is, ∣∣∣T − (D) ∑ (v − ξ) keywords: process cache: ejpam-3310.pdf plain text: ejpam-3310.txt item: #325 of 2048 id: ejpam-3312 author: AL-shami, Tareq; El-Shafei, Mohammed; Asaad, Baravan title: Other Kinds of Soft β maps via Soft Topological Ordered Spaces date: 2019 words: 8082 flesch: 80 summary: [44] initiated the concept of soft topological spaces and gave its fundamental notions such as soft open and soft closed sets, soft neighborhoods, soft interior and soft closure points. They examined which results related to β-open sets and βTi-spaces from the topological spaces remain valid in the context of soft topological spaces. keywords: mapping; open; resp; soft cache: ejpam-3312.pdf plain text: ejpam-3312.txt item: #326 of 2048 id: ejpam-3313 author: Saaty, Thomas L.; Zoffer, H. J.; Wei, Lirong title: An Indicator of One's Life Satisfaction date: 2018 words: 6358 flesch: 59 summary: Many au- thors have discussed various dimensions of life satisfaction in a wide variety of situations. [4] conducted research on measures of life satisfaction for evaluation of the quality of life inventory. keywords: comparisons; hierarchy; life; pairwise; people; saaty; satisfaction; subcriteria; table cache: ejpam-3313.pdf plain text: ejpam-3313.txt item: #327 of 2048 id: ejpam-3314 author: Gupta, Vijay; Srivastava, Hari M. title: A General Family of the Srivastava-Gupta Operators Preserving Linear Functions date: 2018 words: 1349 flesch: 68 summary: The general sequence of positive linear operators containing some well-known operators as special cases were introduced in the earlier work by Srivastava and Gupta [9], which reproduce only the constant functions. Here, in this paper, we have successfully provided a general sequence Gn,c(f, x) of positive linear operators which preserve not only the constant functions, but also linear functions. keywords: operators cache: ejpam-3314.pdf plain text: ejpam-3314.txt item: #328 of 2048 id: ejpam-3316 author: Cetin, Eyup; Kiremitci, Baris title: Pride and Passion: Remarks on Thomas L. Saaty's Final Papers date: 2018 words: 2033 flesch: 55 summary: We just would like to remember and honor Saaty’s memory by publishing his final papers at EJPAM and this humble remarks dedicated to the memory of Thomas L. Saaty on the occasion of the first anniversary of his passing, August 14, 2018. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 90B50, 90C29,91B06,92B20, 91C05, 82C32 Key Words and Phrases: Thomas L. Saaty, Measurement theory, Neural networks, Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP, Analytic Network Process, ANP 1. Origin of Neural Firing and Synthesis in Making Comparisons Thomas L. Saaty submitted his final paper (co-authored by Prof. Luis G. Vargas, his colleague at University of Pittsburgh) on neural firing and synthesis in making comparison in Saaty and Vargas keywords: mathematics; pure; saaty; thomas cache: ejpam-3316.pdf plain text: ejpam-3316.txt item: #329 of 2048 id: ejpam-3317 author: Darwesh, Halgwrd M.; Namiq, Sarhad F. title: Pre-irresolute Functions in Closure Spaces date: 2019 words: 6024 flesch: 84 summary: The preopen sets are used to define pre-open functions, pre-closed functions, pre- continuous functions, contra-pre-continuous functions and pre-irresolute functions which are inves- tigated. They are also used to introduce a new type of connectedness and compactness in closure spaces, they called p-connectedness and p-compactness respectively 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05 Key Words and Phrases: Closure operator, closure space, pre-open functions, pre-closed func- tions, contra-pre-continuous functions, pre-irresolute functions, p-connectedness, p-compactness, Tp-spaces 1. keywords: closure; pre cache: ejpam-3317.pdf plain text: ejpam-3317.txt item: #330 of 2048 id: ejpam-3319 author: Bupasiri, Sudprathai title: On the Bessel Operator $\odot_{B}^{t}$ Related to the Bessel-Helmholtz and Bessel Klein-Gordon Operator date: 2018 words: 2234 flesch: 81 summary: (8) Moreover for m = 0, then we obtain Bessel diamond operator and defined by (1). 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 46F10 Key Words and Phrases: Bessel Helmholtz operator, Bessel Klein-Gordon operator, Bessel diamond operator 1. keywords: operator cache: ejpam-3319.pdf plain text: ejpam-3319.txt item: #331 of 2048 id: ejpam-3321 author: Åženel, Guzide title: Analyzing the Locus of Soft Spheres: Illustrative Cases and Drawings date: 2018 words: 4167 flesch: 87 summary: In the studies that have been carried out so far, the definition of soft sphere has been made, although it has been accepted very hard to revive it mathematically. For each of the cases the simplest and most fruitful method which the soft metric proposed was the introduction of the notion of soft distance and soft spheres. keywords: eif; exf; set cache: ejpam-3321.pdf plain text: ejpam-3321.txt item: #332 of 2048 id: ejpam-3322 author: Al-harbi, Bashayer; Fakieh, Wafa M.; Al-shomrani, Mohammed Mosa title: On Non-trivially Associated Tensor Categories date: 2018 words: 6447 flesch: 88 summary: = 1 that imply 〈β〉·〈γ〉 = e, 〈α〉·〈β2〉 = e, 〈 α ′ 〉 ·〈β1〉 = e, 〈β〉 = 〈β1〉 · 〈β2〉 and 〈α〉. Math, 11 (4) (2018), 1027-1045 1043 β1 ⊗ β2 and 〈β〉 = 〈β1〉 · 〈β2〉, for k ∈ K, β, β1, β2 ∈ C and γ ∈ C∗, we get µC∗(IC∗ ⊗ ηC∗)(γ ⊗ k)(β) = ∆∗C ( γ ⊗ ε∗C(k) ) (β) = ( γ ⊗ ε∗C(k) )( ∆C(β) ) keywords: � � cache: ejpam-3322.pdf plain text: ejpam-3322.txt item: #333 of 2048 id: ejpam-3328 author: Durmagambetov, Asset title: Reduction of modern problems of mathematics to the classical Riemann-Poincare-Hilbert problem date: 2018 words: 10302 flesch: 83 summary: = − k 4π ∫ S2 A(k, θ ′ , θ)Ψ−(k, θ ′ , x)dθ ′ , k ∈ R. (4) This equation is the key to solving the inverse scattering problem and was first used by Newton Using the equation Ψ+(k, θ, x)−Ψ−(k, θ, x) = − k 4π ∫ S2 A(k, θ ′ , θ)Ψ−(k, θ ′ , x)dθ ′ , k ∈ R, we can write T+g+ − T−g− = D(T−g− + Ψ0). keywords: + ∞; equation; function; lemma; math; problem; proof; riemann; sup; ∣∣∣∣; ∫ s2 cache: ejpam-3328.pdf plain text: ejpam-3328.txt item: #334 of 2048 id: ejpam-3329 author: Senthilkumar, D.; Parvatham, S. title: Aluthge Transformation of Quasi n-class Q and quasi n- class Q* Operators date: 2018 words: 11027 flesch: 89 summary: If T is quasi n class Q operator T and S is unitary such that TS = ST then A = TS is also quasi n class Q operator. If T = U |T | is the polar decomposition of quasi n class Q operator T , then T is quasi n class Q operator. keywords: class; class q; operator; quasi; theorem cache: ejpam-3329.pdf plain text: ejpam-3329.txt item: #335 of 2048 id: ejpam-3330 author: Barnes, Benedict; Sebil, C.; Quaye, A. title: A Generalization of Integral Transform date: 2018 words: 3225 flesch: 75 summary: In this paper, the generalization of integral transform (GIT) of the function G{f(t)} is introduced for solving both the differential and interodifferential equations. Introduction The role of integral transforms has been increasingly recognized in the scientific world. keywords: transform cache: ejpam-3330.pdf plain text: ejpam-3330.txt item: #336 of 2048 id: ejpam-3331 author: Alsamir, Habes; Selmi Noorani, Mohd; Shatanawi, Wasfi; Aydi, Hassen; Akhadkulov, Habibulla; Qawaqneh, Haitham; Alanazi, Kareem title: Fixed Point Results in Metric-like Spaces via Sigma-simulation Functions. date: 2019 words: 4604 flesch: 82 summary: 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Fixed point, metric-like space, simulation function, (α, β)-admissible mapping 1. We also establish the existence of fixed points for this class of mappings in metric-like spaces. keywords: metric cache: ejpam-3331.pdf plain text: ejpam-3331.txt item: #337 of 2048 id: ejpam-3333 author: Onal, Nisa Ozge; Karacuha, Ertugrul title: Novel Approaches on Sovereign Credit Ratings date: 2018 words: 4131 flesch: 67 summary: With the increase of international financial and economic integration, country credit ratings have become one of the most important elements that direct the global capital flow. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 92B20, 62-07, 62F10 Key Words and Phrases: Artificial neural networks, Adaptive filters, Normalized least mean square algorithm, Sovereign credit ratings, Stock market prediction 1. Introduction Sovereign credit rating is determined using quantitative and qualitative features devel- oped by the CRAs, taking into account the economic and political risks of the countries. keywords: countries; cras; credit; data; journal; mape; market; model; nlms; ratings; results; stock; values cache: ejpam-3333.pdf plain text: ejpam-3333.txt item: #338 of 2048 id: ejpam-3335 author: Mosrijai, Phakawat; Iampan, Aiyared title: Anti-type of Hesitant Fuzzy Sets on UP-algebras date: 2018 words: 13873 flesch: 91 summary: This paper aims to introduce the notions of anti-hesitant fuzzy UP-subalgebras of UP-algebras, anti-hesitant fuzzy UP-filters, anti-hesitant fuzzy UP-ideals, and anti-hesitant fuzzy strongly UP-ideals, and prove some results. Furthermore, we discuss the relationships between anti-hesitant fuzzy UP-subalgebras (resp., anti-hesitant fuzzy UP-filters, anti-hesitant fuzzy UP- ideals, anti-hesitant fuzzy strongly UP-ideals) and some level subsets of hesitant fuzzy sets on UP-algebras. keywords: hh(x cache: ejpam-3335.pdf plain text: ejpam-3335.txt item: #339 of 2048 id: ejpam-3338 author: Sen, Syamal K.; Vasundhara Devi, J.; Ravi Kumar, R.V.G. title: Can Fractional Calculus be Generalized: Problems and Efforts date: 2018 words: 14050 flesch: 69 summary: = df1 dx f2 + f1 df2 dx (26) But the LPR is not valid for fractional order derivatives: dα dx (f1(x)f2(x)) 6= These questions, though appear to be out of context for generalization, are still important to support the scope of fractional order systems in calculus and to make it an integral part of the current calculus that we are taught globally. keywords: appl; calculus; derivative; devi; differential; eur; fractional; function; integer; j. pure; j. v.; k.sen; kumar; math; matrix; order; r.v.g; system cache: ejpam-3338.pdf plain text: ejpam-3338.txt item: #340 of 2048 id: ejpam-3341 author: Kehayopulu, Niovi title: On Hoehnke Ideal in Ordered Semigroups date: 2018 words: 5100 flesch: 92 summary: Since h ∈ S, s ∈ S\A and s /∈ (shS], we have h ∈ HA(S). They call a right ideal of S semiprime if it is proper and for any right ideal A of S, A2 ⊆ I implies keywords: ha(s; ideal cache: ejpam-3341.pdf plain text: ejpam-3341.txt item: #341 of 2048 id: ejpam-3342 author: Rulete, Ricky; Labendia, Mhelmar Avila title: Backwards Ito-Henstock Integral for the Hilbert-Schmidt-Valued Stochastic Process date: 2019 words: 7044 flesch: 82 summary: Math, 12 (1) (2019), 58-78 66 Note that∑ i

degA (s) i1,κ(s) > degA (s) i1,i2 A. Chandoul, F. Aljuaydi / Eur. i ≤ n (10) From (9) and (10), the assertion of theorem holds for s = 1. keywords: s−1 cache: ejpam-3391.pdf plain text: ejpam-3391.txt item: #357 of 2048 id: ejpam-3394 author: Dalan Yildirim, Esra; Bedre Ozbakir, Oya; Caksu Guler, Aysegul title: Some Characterizations of β-paracompactness in Ideal Topological Space date: 2019 words: 4833 flesch: 86 summary: The concept of β-open sets is equal to that of semi-preopen sets in [7]. A space (X, τ) is said to be β-compact [2] if every cover of X by β-open sets has a finite subcover. keywords: open cache: ejpam-3394.pdf plain text: ejpam-3394.txt item: #358 of 2048 id: ejpam-3395 author: Njamen Njomen, Didier Alain; Djeutcha, Eric; Fono, Louis-Aime title: Existence and Uniqueness Solution Under Non-Lipschiz Condition of the Mixed Fractional Heston's Model date: 2019 words: 7674 flesch: 78 summary: Using the successive ap- proximation method, the existence and uniqueness theorems of solutions to the following non-Lipschitz SDEs driven by mfBm are proved: X(t) = x0 + ∫ t 0 µ(s,X(s))ds+ ∫ t 0 σ1(s,X(s))dBs + ∫ t 0 σ2(s,X(s))dBHs , (3) where t ∈ [0, T ], x0 = ξ ∈ Rn is a random variable, 0 ≤ T < ∞, the process B represent a m-dimensional standard Ft-Brownian motion and the process BH represent a d-dimensional Ft-adapted fractional Brownian motion with the Hurst index H ∈ ( 3 4 , 1) defined in a same com- plete probability space (Ω,F ,P), and µ(t,X(t))[0, T ] × R → R,σ1(t,X(t)) : [Dϕ s u(s)]2dsdt < ∞ and for each sequence of partition (πn, n ∈ N) such that |πn| → 0 as n→ 0 n−1∑ i=0 E ∫ t (n) i+1 t (n) i ∫ t (n) j+1 t (n) j ∣∣∣Dϕ s u π(t (n) i )uπ(t (n) j )−Dϕ s u(t)Dϕ t u(s) ∣∣∣ dsdt and E[‖uπ − u‖2ϕ]2 tend to 0 as n→ 0, where πn = t (n) 0 < t (n) 1 < . . . keywords: american; brownian; mfh; model; option; price cache: ejpam-3395.pdf plain text: ejpam-3395.txt item: #359 of 2048 id: ejpam-3397 author: Khan, Waheed Ahmad; Taouti, Abdelghani; Karkain, Seema; Salami, Azar; Arif, Waqar title: Weakly Prime and Weakly Primary Ideals in Gamma Seminearrings date: 2019 words: 4951 flesch: 92 summary: (1) If A is weakly prime ideal of R and B is a nonempty subset of R. Then, AΓB is a weakly prime ideal of R. (2) If A and B are weakly prime ideals of R, then AΓB is an ideal of R. Example 10. Let S = {0, 1, e, a, c} ⊆ R be a Γ-sub-seminearring of R with Γ = {1, α}.Clearly, in S the ideals I = {0, a} and J = {0, c} are weakly prime ideals but not prime. keywords: ideal; prime cache: ejpam-3397.pdf plain text: ejpam-3397.txt item: #360 of 2048 id: ejpam-3399 author: Hijazi, Rola A.; Charaf, Fatme M. title: Finite Groups with Certain Permutability Criteria date: 2019 words: 3063 flesch: 82 summary: Thus p is the largest prime dividing |G| and since K is cyclic, it follows, by Burnside′s p-Nilpotent Theorem ([10], Satz 2.8, p.420), that P C G. But G/P ∼= K, therefore G/P is cyclic and so abelian, then G′ ≤ P . Thus we may assume that there exists a subgroup H of P of order p such that H is not normal in G. By the hypothesis, H is S-permutable in G and hence by ([13], Lemma A), Op(G) ≤ NG(H) keywords: nilpotent; subgroup cache: ejpam-3399.pdf plain text: ejpam-3399.txt item: #361 of 2048 id: ejpam-340 author: Singh, Ravindra Pratap; Singh, S.D. title: Some Affine Connexions in a Generalised Structure Manifold - II date: 2010 words: 4461 flesch: 89 summary: de f = DX Y − DX Y (72) Theorem 16. Ui − DX Y − DX Y (77) keywords: dx y cache: ejpam-340.pdf plain text: ejpam-340.txt item: #362 of 2048 id: ejpam-3400 author: Talkibing, Hay Yoba; Diakarya, Barro; Fabrice, Ouoba title: Stochastic Approach in Epidemic Modeling Using the SEIRS date: 2019 words: 3998 flesch: 77 summary: A model of the dynamics of infectious disease transition can be formulated using a stochastic process {Xn, n = 1, 2, 3, ...} as a Markov string with continuous time T and discrete state space X0, X1, ..., Xn satisfying the following Markov property : P (Xn+1 = jn+1/X0 = j0, X1 = j1, ..., Xn = jn) The study of infectious diseases represents one of the oldest and richest sectors of biomathematics. keywords: state cache: ejpam-3400.pdf plain text: ejpam-3400.txt item: #363 of 2048 id: ejpam-3401 author: Alabdulsada, Layth Muhsin Habeeb title: On B-Open Sets date: 2019 words: 5437 flesch: 84 summary: The first notion due to Levine [12] in 1963 was semi-open sets, while in 1965 Nj̊astad Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces. keywords: contra; open cache: ejpam-3401.pdf plain text: ejpam-3401.txt item: #364 of 2048 id: ejpam-3403 author: Hao, Tian; Bao, Wuyungaowa title: Combinatorial Identities with Generalized Higher-order Genocchi Sequences date: 2019 words: 5882 flesch: 80 summary: For a = 1, b = e in Eq.(19), we get the moment representation of the higher-order Genocchi numbers G (α) n , G(α) n (1, e) = G(α) n = n! (n− α)! E(iL(1) + · · ·+ iL(α) − α 2 )n−α, (n ≥ α). (1) Taking x = 0 in Eq.(1), we get the generating function of the generalized higher-order Genocchi numbers G (α) n (a, b) with a and b parameters[4] keywords: n k; n− α cache: ejpam-3403.pdf plain text: ejpam-3403.txt item: #365 of 2048 id: ejpam-3406 author: Corcino, Roberto B.; Latayada, Mary Joy Regidor; Vega, Mary Ann Ritzell P. title: Hankel Transform of (q,r)-Dowling Numbers date: 2019 words: 4177 flesch: 87 summary: Reindexing the double sum, we get ∑ φ∈TAr (k,n−k) ωA(φ) = n∑ j=k ( n j ) q−nr2([r2]q) n−j ∑ ϕ∈B̄j−k ∏ c∈ϕ ω∗(|c|) where B̄j−k is the set of all tableaux ϕ with j − k columns of weights ω∗(ji) , s}, and φ2 be a tableau with n− k − j columns whose lengths are in the set {s+ 1, s+ 2, . . keywords: hankel; k]q; numbers; transform cache: ejpam-3406.pdf plain text: ejpam-3406.txt item: #366 of 2048 id: ejpam-3407 author: Ali, Sajjad; Shah, Kamal; Khan, Hassan; Arif, Muhammad; Mahmood, Shahid title: Monotone Iterative Technique and Ulam-Hyers Stability Analysis for Nonlinear Fractional Order Differential Equations with Integral Boundary Value Conditions date: 2019 words: 5481 flesch: 77 summary: In same way, we obtain the bounded monotone sequence {zn}, that is z0 ≤ z1 ≤ z2 ≤ ...zn−1 ≤ zn ≤ β on [0, 1], (15) where zn = Tzn−1. The stability of extremal solutions is also obvious from plots in the given Figure 1. 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 -0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 z * 1 (s)=Maximal solution z 1 (s)=Minimal solution z * 2 (s)=Maximal solution z 2 (s)=Minimal solution Figure 1 keywords: r(s; solution cache: ejpam-3407.pdf plain text: ejpam-3407.txt item: #367 of 2048 id: ejpam-3408 author: Shah, Syed Tariq; Razzaque, Asima; Rehman, Inayatur; Gondal, Muhammad Asif; Faraz, Muhammad Iftikhar; Shum, Kar Ping title: Literature Survey on Non-Associative Rings and Developments date: 2019 words: 19450 flesch: 71 summary: [71] endeavored to establish conditions which guarantee the semi-simplicity of alternative loop rings with respect to any nil radical and with respect to the Jacobson radical. [28] in 1990 continued their investigation of loops which gave rise to alternative loop rings. keywords: algebra; alternative; alternative rings; amer; associative; class; elements; finite; groups; ideals; jordan rings; lie rings; loop rings; loops; math; nilpotent; prime; right; rings; theory cache: ejpam-3408.pdf plain text: ejpam-3408.txt item: #368 of 2048 id: ejpam-3409 author: Mayembo, Stevy Mikamona; Bonazebi-Yindoula, Joseph; Pare, Youssouf; Bissanga, Gabriel title: Application of the SBA Method to Solve the Nonlinear Biological Population Models date: 2019 words: 2683 flesch: 77 summary: Math, 12 (3) (2019), 1096-1105 1099 u(x, y, t) = exp ( 1 2 √ hr 2 (x+ y) ) + ∫ t 0 R(u(x, y, s))ds+ ∫ t 0 N(u(x, y, s)ds (14) If now we Apply the Adomian algorithm to equation (15), we obtain: uk0(x, y, t) = exp ( 1 2 √ hr 2 (x+ y) ) + ∫ t 0 N(uk−1(x, y, s)ds ukn(x, y, t) keywords: exp cache: ejpam-3409.pdf plain text: ejpam-3409.txt item: #369 of 2048 id: ejpam-3410 author: Rahman, Md. Mahabubur; Al-Zahrani, Bander; Shahbaz, Saman Hanif; Shahbaz, Muhammad Qaiser title: Cubic Transmuted Uniform Distribution: An Alternative to Beta and Kumaraswamy Distributions date: 2019 words: 4835 flesch: 71 summary: Parameters (−0.25) (−0.75) (−1.00) (0.25) (0.75) (1.00) 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 x F( x) Parameters (−0.25) (−0.75) (−1.00) (0.25) (0.75) (1.00) Figure 2: Density and Distribution Functions Plots for Proposed CTU Distribution. We will give the rth moment of proposed CTU distribution in the following theorem. keywords: ctu; distribution; family cache: ejpam-3410.pdf plain text: ejpam-3410.txt item: #370 of 2048 id: ejpam-3412 author: Satirad, Akarachai; Iampan, Aiyared title: Fuzzy Soft Sets over Fully UP-Semigroups date: 2019 words: 15132 flesch: 85 summary: In this paper, we introduce ten types of fuzzy soft sets over fully UP-semigroups, and investigate the algebraic properties of fuzzy soft sets under the operations of (extended) intersection and (restricted) union. Further, we discuss the relation between some conditions of fuzzy soft sets and fuzzy soft UPs-subalgebras (resp., fuzzy soft UPi-subalgebras, fuzzy soft near UPs-filters, fuzzy soft near UPi-filters, fuzzy soft UPs-filters, fuzzy soft UPi-filters, fuzzy soft UPs-ideals, fuzzy soft UPi-ideals, fuzzy soft strongly UPs-ideals, fuzzy soft strongly UPi-ideals) of fully UP-semigroups. keywords: filter; fuzzy; upi; ups cache: ejpam-3412.pdf plain text: ejpam-3412.txt item: #371 of 2048 id: ejpam-3415 author: Kehayopulu, Niovi title: Correction to the Article: "An Introduction to the Theory of Hyperlattices" date: 2019 words: 7704 flesch: 87 summary: ∨(a ∧ c); if u = b ∨ c, then a ∧ u = a ∧ (b ∨ c) ∨ c = ⋃ u=a∨b u . keywords: b b; b c; ∧ c cache: ejpam-3415.pdf plain text: ejpam-3415.txt item: #372 of 2048 id: ejpam-3416 author: Ali, Nigar; Chohan, Muhammad Ikhlaq; Zaman, Gul title: Optimal Control of a Time Delayed HIV-1 Infection Model date: 2019 words: 3959 flesch: 72 summary: Key Words and Phrases: HIV-1 model, Optimal control, Recombinant virus, Pontryagin’s maximum principle, Objective functional. Proof : To prove the existence of optimal control, we will follow [? ]. keywords: cells; control; density; hiv; model; treatment; virus cache: ejpam-3416.pdf plain text: ejpam-3416.txt item: #373 of 2048 id: ejpam-3418 author: Togonon, Mary Joy S.; Caga-anan, Randy L. title: On Interval-Valued Fuzzy on Ideal Sets date: 2019 words: 7552 flesch: 95 summary: An ideal here is a nonempty collection of subsets of a set X, denoted by I(X), that satisfies: i. A ∈ I(X) and B ⊆ A implies B ∈ I(X); and ii. A ∈ I(X) and B ∈ I(X) implies A ∪B ∈ I(X). keywords: i(x; ivfi; set cache: ejpam-3418.pdf plain text: ejpam-3418.txt item: #374 of 2048 id: ejpam-3419 author: Caliskan, Basri; Balikci, Kemal title: Counting Z2 Z4 Z8-additive Codes date: 2019 words: 4796 flesch: 86 summary: Since α − k0 = 2 − 1, β − k1 − k2 = 1 − 1 − 0 = 0, k2 = 0, θ − k3 − k4 − k5 = 1− 1− 0− 0 = 0 and k5 = k4 = 0; the type of the dual code is (2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) and δ = (2− 1)(1 + 1) + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 2. So, the dual code C⊥ is of type (α, β, θ;α− k0, β − k1 − k2, k2, θ − k3 − k4 − k5, k5, k4) . keywords: codes cache: ejpam-3419.pdf plain text: ejpam-3419.txt item: #375 of 2048 id: ejpam-3420 author: Alharbi, Nof; Aydi, Hassen; Ozel, Cenap title: Rough Spaces on Covering Based Rough Sets date: 2019 words: 4429 flesch: 80 summary: Subspaces The inclusion operation on covering based rough sets X and Y is defined by Y ⊆C X ⇐⇒ Y ⊆ X, and Y ⊆ X. Let (U,C) be a covering approximation space. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 12, No. 2, 2019, 533-543 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Rough spaces on covering based rough sets N. Alharbi1, H. Aydi2,∗, C. Özel1 1 Department of Mathematics, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 80203 Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 2 Université de Sousse, Institut Supérieur d’Informatique et des Techniques de Communication, H. Sousse 4000, Tunisia Abstract. keywords: covering cache: ejpam-3420.pdf plain text: ejpam-3420.txt item: #376 of 2048 id: ejpam-3422 author: Macodi-Ringia, Amila Pagadilan; Petalcorin, Gaudencio title: Some Results on Fuzzy Implicative Hyper GR-ideals date: 2019 words: 4243 flesch: 82 summary: ∈ I; and ii) for all x, y ∈ H, x~ y ⊆ I and y ∈ I imply that x ∈ I. Definition 2.6. Clearly, x ∈ x ~ y for all x, y ∈ H. By routine calculations, we can show that any subset of I of H containing 0 is an implicative hyper GR-ideal of H. The next proposition will give a generalization when x ∈ x ~ y for all x and y in a hyper GR-algebra H. Proposition 3.7. keywords: hyper; implicative cache: ejpam-3422.pdf plain text: ejpam-3422.txt item: #377 of 2048 id: ejpam-3423 author: Gondal, Muhammad Asif; Rehman, Inayatur; Razzaque, Asima title: Convergence of an Exponential Runge–Kutta Method for Non-smooth Initial Data date: 2019 words: 4659 flesch: 78 summary: − τ − tn h g(tn + h) ) dτ. (19) By using Taylor series we can write g(τ) = g(tn) + (τ − tn)g′(tn) = ∫ tn+1 tn e(tn+1−τ)ABu(τ)dτ − h(ϕ1(hA)− ϕ2(hA))Bun − hϕ2(hA)Bun2, (26) since we can write∫ tn+1 tn e(tn+1−τ)ABu(τ)dτ = ∫ tn+1 tn e(tn+1−τ)AB ( u(tn)− τ − tn h u(tn) + τ − tn h u(tn + h) + u(τ)− u(tn) + τ − tn h u(tn)− τ − tn h u(tn + h) ) dτ = hϕ1(hA)Bu(tn)− hϕ2(hA)Bu(tn) + hϕ2(hA)Bu(tn+1) + ∫ tn+1 tn e(tn+1−τ)AB ( u(τ)− u(tn) + τ − tn h u(tn) − τ − tn h u(tn + h) ) dτ. (27) Using (27) in (26) and simplifying, we have εn+1(u) keywords: exponential; method; tn+1 cache: ejpam-3423.pdf plain text: ejpam-3423.txt item: #378 of 2048 id: ejpam-3424 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina Bordaje; Rama, Gladys Jane title: Some Theorems on Tauber's Generalized Stirling, Lah and Bell Numbers date: 2019 words: 3432 flesch: 81 summary: Tauber’s generalized Stirling numbers of the first and second kind satisfy the following orthogonality relation for a given sequence of polynomials Qk(x, n), n∑ m=s C m k,nD s k,m = n∑ m=s D m k,nC s k,m = δsn = { 0, if n 6= s 1, if n = s where k = 1, 2. R. Corcino, C. Corcino, G. Rama / Eur. (28) Substitute (28) into (4), then Qk(x, n) = n∑ m=0 C m k,nx m = n∑ m=0 C m k,n m∑ s=0 D s k,mQk(x, s) = n∑ m=0 m∑ s=0 C m k,nD s k,mQk(x, s) = n∑ s=0 { n∑ m=s C m k,nD s k,m } Qk(x, s). keywords: n(m+; numbers cache: ejpam-3424.pdf plain text: ejpam-3424.txt item: #379 of 2048 id: ejpam-3425 author: Abdelrahim, Ra'ft; Omar, Z.; Ala’yed, O.; Batiha, B. title: Hybrid Third Derivative Block Method for the Solution of General Second Order Initial Value Problems with Generalized One Step Point date: 2019 words: 4058 flesch: 83 summary: Order of the Methhod Extending to[7], the linear difference operator L associated with main block of (9) is defined as L[y(x);h] = K(0)YM − B̄R1 − h2 [ C̄nR2 + C̄n+1R3 ] − h3 10080s2 y ′′′ n + ((96s2−87s+23)) (1260(s−1)2) ∑∞ j=0 (1)jhj+3 j! yj+3 n + ((105s−41)) (2520s2(s−1)2(s−2)2) ∑∞ j=0 (s)jhj+3 j! yj+3 n − (s6(5s3−36s2+90s−84)) (10080(s−2)2) ∑∞ j=0 (2)jhj+3 j! yj+3 n ∑∞ j=0 (s)jhj j! yjn − yn − shy ′ n − h2s2(15s5−143s4+486s3−498s2−1008s+3528) 10080 y ′′ n − (s6(19s3−171s2+528s−504)) (2520(s−1)3) ∑∞ j=0 hj+2 j! keywords: method; order cache: ejpam-3425.pdf plain text: ejpam-3425.txt item: #380 of 2048 id: ejpam-3426 author: Jamil, Muhammad; Zafarullah, Muhammad title: MHD Flows of Second Grade Fluid Through the Moving Porous Cylindrical Domain date: 2019 words: 7833 flesch: 74 summary: However the shear stresses are larger of MHD second grade fluid are larger than the MHD Newtonian fluid. When both porous cylindrical helically moved, the MHD Newtonian fluid flows faster than MHD second grade fluid. keywords: r2 m cache: ejpam-3426.pdf plain text: ejpam-3426.txt item: #381 of 2048 id: ejpam-3427 author: Kausar, Nasreen title: Direct Product of Finite Intuitionistic Anti Fuzzy Normal Subrings over Non-associative Rings date: 2019 words: 11047 flesch: 92 summary: [17], introduced the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy normal subrings over a non-associative ring (LA-ring). [17], have introduced the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy normal subrings over a non-associative ring. keywords: fuzzy; ring; subring cache: ejpam-3427.pdf plain text: ejpam-3427.txt item: #382 of 2048 id: ejpam-3430 author: Pare, Youssouf; Youssouf, Minoungou; Nebie, Abdoul Wassiha title: Resolution of Nonlinear Convection - Diffusion - Reaction Equations of Cauchy Kind by the Laplace SBA Method date: 2019 words: 5501 flesch: 82 summary: For k = 2, we get :  u20 = L−1t  1 sm m−1∑ j=0 sjum−j−1(0, x) + L−1t + 1 2 (cosx) t3λγ2 + 1 3! (sinx) t3γ3 u14(t, x) = L−1t [ 1 s Lt ( R(u13) )] ⇒ u14(t, x) = L−1t ( (sinx)λ4 − 4 (cosx)λ3γ − 6 (sinx)λ2γ2 + 4 (cosx)λγ3 + (sinx) γ4 s5 ) ⇒ u14(t, x) = 1 4! (sinx) t4λ4− 1 3! (cosx) t4λ3γ−1 4 (sinx) t4λ2γ2+ 1 3! (cosx) t4λγ3+ 1 4! (sinx) t4γ4 u15(t, x) = L−1t keywords: cosx; l−1; l−1 t; sinx cache: ejpam-3430.pdf plain text: ejpam-3430.txt item: #383 of 2048 id: ejpam-3433 author: Mardanov, Misir; Sharifov, Yagub; Ismayilova, Kamala; Zamanova, Sevinc title: Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for the System of First-order Nonlinear Differential Equations with Three-point and Integral Boundary Conditions date: 2019 words: 4310 flesch: 82 summary: Integral boundary value problems for first-order impulsive functional differential equations. Boundary value problems with nonlocal boundary conditions for the nonlinear differential equations arise in several branches of physics and applied mathematics. keywords: boundary; n(ξ)dξ cache: ejpam-3433.pdf plain text: ejpam-3433.txt item: #384 of 2048 id: ejpam-3435 author: Rehman, Najma Abdul title: Curvature Inequalities for Submanifolds of S-space From date: 2019 words: 2860 flesch: 84 summary: − k + 3s− 4 4 (2s− 2ms)− 3 4 (k − 1) ‖ PX ‖2 which proves the required result. + 1 2 2n+s∑ r=m+1 [ (hr11 + · · ·+ hrmm)2 + (hr11 − hr22 − · · · − hrmm)2 ] + 2 2n+s∑ r=m+1 ∑ i · · · > nm, m ∈ N∗ such that the algebraic multiplicity a of λ is of the form a = m∑ j=1 ljnj and J contains all the forms in Jordan blocks associated with eigenvalues of W that are different from λ. keywords: eigenvalues; j=1; jordan; t k; ⊕ cache: ejpam-3574.pdf plain text: ejpam-3574.txt item: #437 of 2048 id: ejpam-3575 author: Muhiuddin, G.; Alanazi, Abdulaziz M.; Elnair, Mohamed E. A.; Shum, K. P. title: Inf-hesitant Fuzzy Subalgebras and Ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras date: 2020 words: 4312 flesch: 79 summary: Introduction The motivation for introducing hesitant fuzzy sets is that it is sometimes difficult to determine the membership of an element into a set and in some circumstances this dif- ficulty is caused by a doubt between a few different values. Torra [25] proposed the concept of hesitant fuzzy sets as a new generalization of fuzzy sets [33], which allows the membership of an element of a set to be represented by several possible values. keywords: fuzzy; inf cache: ejpam-3575.pdf plain text: ejpam-3575.txt item: #438 of 2048 id: ejpam-3576 author: Kausar, Nasreen; Alesemi, Meshari; ., Salahuddin title: Anti Fuzzy Interior Ideals on Ordered AG-groupoids date: 2020 words: 7774 flesch: 90 summary: They studied fuzzy ideals and fuzzy bi-ideals of fuzzy semigroups. [4] K. A. Dib and N. Galham, Fuzzy ideals and fuzzy bi-ideals in fuzzy semigroups, Fuzzy sets and system, 92(1997) 203-215. keywords: anti; fuzzy; ideal cache: ejpam-3576.pdf plain text: ejpam-3576.txt item: #439 of 2048 id: ejpam-3581 author: Som, Alexandre; Some, Kounhinir; Compaore, Abdoulaye; Some, Blaise title: Performances Assessment of MOMA-Plus Method on Multiobjective Optimization Problems date: 2020 words: 5561 flesch: 71 summary: Introduction Multi-objective optimization has been, for several decades, a discipline of Mathe- matics that allows to solve optimization problems where several criteria are involved simultaneously[1, 9, 13, 14]. But later, some authors adapted it to solve other types of optimization problems. keywords: method; moma; nsga; plus; problem; somé cache: ejpam-3581.pdf plain text: ejpam-3581.txt item: #440 of 2048 id: ejpam-3583 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Ontolan, Jay; Rama, Gladys Jane title: Hankel Transform of the Second Form (q,r)-Dowling Numbers date: 2019 words: 3631 flesch: 86 summary: = 0, which implies dn,q = Fr,q([x]nq hn,q(x, a, r,m)) In [14], the authors have also tried to derive the Hankel transform of the sequence of q-analogue of (r, β)-Bell numbers. keywords: hankel; numbers; q(x cache: ejpam-3583.pdf plain text: ejpam-3583.txt item: #441 of 2048 id: ejpam-3586 author: Memon, Abid Ali; Memon, Muhammad Asif; Bhatti, Kaleemullah; Shaikh, Gul Muhammad title: Finite Element Simulation of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluid through the Parallel Plates Affixed with Single Screen date: 2020 words: 4746 flesch: 61 summary: Math, 13 (1) (2020), 69-83 76 (a) n=0.7 (b) n=0.8 (c) n=0.9 Figure 6: Percent change in maximum flow rate against the Reynolds number for different values of n (a) n=0.7 (b) n=0.8 (c) n=0.9 Figure 7: Percent change in maximum pressure against the Reynolds number for different values of n (a) n=1.1 (b) n=1.2 (c) n=1.3 Figure 8: Maximum flow rate against the Reynolds number for different values of n M. A. Memon et al. / Eur. Percentage change in maximum flow rate against the Reynolds number for different values of n (a) n=1.1 (b) n=1.2 (c) n=1.3 Figure 11: Percentage change in maximum pressure against the Reynolds number for different values of n M. A. Memon et al. / Eur. keywords: flow; flow rate; fluid; number; pressure; rate; reynolds; reynolds number cache: ejpam-3586.pdf plain text: ejpam-3586.txt item: #442 of 2048 id: ejpam-3587 author: Bello, Muhammed; Ali, Nor Muhainiah Mohd; Zulkifli, Nurfarah title: A Systematic Approach to Group Properties Using its Geometric Structure date: 2020 words: 5058 flesch: 73 summary: Math, 13 (1) (2020), 84-95 87 Figure 1: Order product prime graph of D3 The general presentation for the order product prime graph on dihedral group and cyclic group are given in Theorem 1 to Theorem 3. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C25, 20F65 Key Words and Phrases: Order product prime graph, Vertex adjacency, Graph invariant, Nilpotency of a group 1. keywords: graph; group; i=1; γopp(g cache: ejpam-3587.pdf plain text: ejpam-3587.txt item: #443 of 2048 id: ejpam-3588 author: Diallo, Abdoul Djibril; Diop, Papa Cheikhou; Barry, Mamadou title: Some Results on C-retractable Modules date: 2020 words: 5501 flesch: 77 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 13B10,13C05,13C13 Key Words and Phrases: Retractable modules, complement submodules, c-retractable modules, projective modules 1. In [19] again, the semisimplicity of retractable modules is studied. keywords: module; submodule; uniform cache: ejpam-3588.pdf plain text: ejpam-3588.txt item: #444 of 2048 id: ejpam-3590 author: Adjei, Bernard; Donkoh, Elvis K.; Otoo, Dominic; Owusu-Ansah, Emmanuel De-Graft Johnson; Mahama, Francois title: Impact Optimization of Battery Energy Storage System in Microgrid Operation date: 2020 words: 3555 flesch: 66 summary: Reliability-constrained optimal sizing of energy storage system in a microgrid. We will be neglecting the possibility of cost savings because from our initial solution, the amount of PV power sold was zero (0). keywords: battery; cost; grid; microgrid; power; storage; system cache: ejpam-3590.pdf plain text: ejpam-3590.txt item: #445 of 2048 id: ejpam-3591 author: Kehayopulu, Niovi title: On the Paper "On hyperideals of ordered semihypergroups" by ZeGu in Ital. J. Pure Appl. Math. date: 2019 words: 3455 flesch: 78 summary: Except of the fact that this is not enough to pass from ordered semigroup to ordered hypersemigroup (symbols like S ◦ b ◦S ◦S ◦ a ◦S have no sense) and that there is no reference to ordered semigroup on which it is based, this theorem is an immediate consequence of Theorem 23 in [10] and it is not new (see also the equivalence (1)⇔ (2) in Corollary 24 in [10] and the remark after that). There are also two results obtained from ordered semigroups just putting a “◦” instead of “·” (that isn’t a correct way to work), without reference to ordered semigroups on which the results on ordered hypersemigroups are based. keywords: prime; theorem cache: ejpam-3591.pdf plain text: ejpam-3591.txt item: #446 of 2048 id: ejpam-3594 author: Liu, Yonghong title: Proof of Golomb’s conjecture in Fq with Γ$-pseudorandom sequences date: 2020 words: 1154 flesch: 82 summary: In this paper we prove that the Golombs conjecture in Fq, and we show that a new pseudorandom sequence (denote Γ$) in F2 is existent by Golomb conjecture and additive groups. [2] proved that Golombs conjecture is true for all q < 260. keywords: conjecture cache: ejpam-3594.pdf plain text: ejpam-3594.txt item: #447 of 2048 id: ejpam-3605 author: Aliyev, Samed Jahangir; Hamidova, Shalala A.; Abdullayeva, Goncha Z. title: Some Applications of Ptolemy's Theorem in Secondary School Mathematics date: 2020 words: 1209 flesch: 66 summary: (4) Applying Ptolemy’s theorem to the rectangles ACA1C1 ,A1B1C1B ,ABCC1 ,ABCA1, respectively, we obtain AA1 · CC1 = AC ·A1C1 + AC1 · CA1, (5) A1C1 ·BB1 = BA1 ·B1C1 + A1B1 ·BC1, (6) AC ·BC1 = AB · CC1 + BC ·AC1, (7) AC ·BA1 = AB · CA1 + BC ·AA1. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 97G10, 97G40 Key Words and Phrases: Ptolemy’s theorem, inscribed rectangle, regular heptagon, inscribed hexagon. keywords: theorem cache: ejpam-3605.pdf plain text: ejpam-3605.txt item: #448 of 2048 id: ejpam-3609 author: Delfan, Nasibeh; Pishkoo, Amir; Azhini, Mahdi; Darus, Maslina title: Using Fractal Calculus to Express Electric Potential and Electric Field in Terms of Staircase and Characteristic Functions date: 2020 words: 3265 flesch: 75 summary: We solve the problem with Cantor set fractal charge distribution while for other kind of discrete fractal distri- butions this work can be continue in future. Distributed charge Q on Cantor set describe it as charge density function. keywords: charge; fractal; function; iteration; sαc2 cache: ejpam-3609.pdf plain text: ejpam-3609.txt item: #449 of 2048 id: ejpam-3619 author: Ngoma, Diogene Vianney Pongui; Nguimbi, Germain; Mabonzo, Vital Delmas; Batangouna, Narcisse title: Numerical Methods for Advection Problem date: 2020 words: 3861 flesch: 70 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65M06, 65M12, 65K05, 65L12 Key Words and Phrases: Advection problem, truncation error, stability, convergence, Lax- Wendroff and finite difference methods 1. This paper aims is to solve an advection problem where u=u(x, t) is the solution by Lax-Wendrof and finite difference methods, to study the analytical stability in L2[0, 1], L∞[0, 1], then calculate the truncation error of these methods and finally study the analytical convergence of these methods. keywords: difference; finite; lax; wendroff cache: ejpam-3619.pdf plain text: ejpam-3619.txt item: #450 of 2048 id: ejpam-3625 author: Monsanto, Gerald Bacon; Acal, Penelyn L.; Rara, Helen M. title: On Strong Resolving Domination in the Join and Corona of Graphs date: 2020 words: 5547 flesch: 86 summary: Let u, v ∈ CG, u 6= v. Then there exists w ∈ S ∩ V (G) such that u ∈ IG+H Thus, CG is a superclique in G. Similarly, S ∩ V (G) = V (G). keywords: set cache: ejpam-3625.pdf plain text: ejpam-3625.txt item: #451 of 2048 id: ejpam-3626 author: Cunanan, Andrew Felix IV Suarez; Benitez, Julius title: Simple Properties and Existence Theorem for the Henstock-Kurzweil-Stieltjes Integral of Functions Taking Values on C[a,b] Space-valued Functions date: 2020 words: 4540 flesch: 92 summary: If F ∈ HKS([f, r], H) and F ∈ HKS([r, g], H), then F ∈ HKS([f, g], H) and (HKS) ∫ g f FdH = (HKS) ∫ r f FdH + (HKS) ∫ If F ∈ HKS([f, g], H) and [r, s] ⊆ [f, g], then F ∈ HKS([r, s], H). keywords: g f; hks cache: ejpam-3626.pdf plain text: ejpam-3626.txt item: #452 of 2048 id: ejpam-3634 author: Rattana, Amornrat; Chinram, Ronnason title: Applications of Neutrosophic N -Structures in n-Ary Groupoids date: 2020 words: 5130 flesch: 92 summary: Neutrosophic N -structures over UP-algebras. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 20N15, 03B80 Key Words and Phrases: neutrosophic N -structures, n-ary groupoids, neutrosophic n-ary N - subgroupoids, ε-neutrosophic n-ary N -subgroupoids. keywords: neutrosophic cache: ejpam-3634.pdf plain text: ejpam-3634.txt item: #453 of 2048 id: ejpam-3636 author: Kumar, Devendra; Vishnoi, Rajeev Kumar title: Coefficients Characterization of Entire Harmonic Functions in Terms of Norm of Gradients at Origin in R^n, n≥ 3 date: 2020 words: 3274 flesch: 76 summary: Coefficient characterizations of generalized order, lower order and generalized type of entire harmonic function having the spherical harmonic expansion throughout a neighborhood of the origin in Rn have been obtained in terms of norm of gradients at origin. [18] of entire harmonic functions in terms of norm of gradient at origin . keywords: function; lim; sup cache: ejpam-3636.pdf plain text: ejpam-3636.txt item: #454 of 2048 id: ejpam-3637 author: Maqbool, Muhammad Kashif; Yousaf, Awais; Bosan, Muhammad Siddique; Jafari, Saeid title: A-paracompactness and Strongly A-screenability in Topological Groups date: 2020 words: 3103 flesch: 70 summary: In semi topological group (G, ∗, τ) having a closed A-paracompact (countably A-paracompact) subset N . In 1962, J. Kister proved some properties of compactness in topological groups keywords: finite; group; paracompact; topological cache: ejpam-3637.pdf plain text: ejpam-3637.txt item: #455 of 2048 id: ejpam-3645 author: Fadel, Asmaa; Dzul-Kifli, Syahida Che title: Bipolar Soft Topological Spaces date: 2020 words: 6696 flesch: 89 summary: Shabir and Naz [20], investigated the concept of bipolar soft sets depending on the role of bipolarity which was introduced by Dubois and Prade [6]. To define bipolar soft set on a universal set S we need a set of parameters W , then we get a set called the not set of parameters ¬W . keywords: r−,k; set cache: ejpam-3645.pdf plain text: ejpam-3645.txt item: #456 of 2048 id: ejpam-3648 author: Kilicoglu, Åžeyda; Åženyurt, Suleyman title: On the Involute of the Cubic Bezier Curve by Using Matrix Representation in E3 date: 2020 words: 4011 flesch: 87 summary: − z0 − z2 + 6ητ mκ b13 2x0 − 2x1 + − z0 − z2 + 6ητ mκ b13 2x0 − 2x1 + keywords: curve; ;  cache: ejpam-3648.pdf plain text: ejpam-3648.txt item: #457 of 2048 id: ejpam-3649 author: Bukhatwa, Ibtissam; Demiralp, Sibel title: On Generalized β-Open Sets in Ideal Bitopological Space date: 2020 words: 4436 flesch: 85 summary: Let W ∈ ξi-open set in Z. Since g is pairwise (δ, ξ)i-continuous, then g−1(W ) ∈ δi-open set in Y . [17] in 1963, introduced the notion of semi-open sets in bitopological spaces. keywords: open; set; γij cache: ejpam-3649.pdf plain text: ejpam-3649.txt item: #458 of 2048 id: ejpam-3650 author: Ismayilova, Gunay title: The Problem of the Optimal Control with a Lower Coefficient for Weakly Nonlinear Wave Equation in the Mixed Problem date: 2020 words: 3415 flesch: 75 summary: By a generalized solution of the problem (1), (2) for a given function v(x) ∈ V we mean a function u = u(x, t; v) from U such that for t = 0 it satisfies the condition u(x, 0) = u0(x) and the integral identity∫ Q [ −∂u ∂t ∂η ∂t + n∑ i=1 ∂u ∂xi ∂η ∂xi + vuη ] dxdt− ∫ Ω u1(x)η(x, 0)dx = ∫ Q f(x, t, u)ηdxdt (8) for all η = η(x, t) from U and are equal to zero for t = T . It is clear that, the identities∫ Q [ −∂um ∂t ∂η ∂t + n∑ i=1 ∂um ∂xi ∂η ∂xi + vmumη ] dxdt− − ∫ Ω u1(x)η(x, 0)dx = ∫ Q f(x, t, um)ηdxdt (11) are true for all η ∈ U which are equal to zero at t = T . keywords: problem cache: ejpam-3650.pdf plain text: ejpam-3650.txt item: #459 of 2048 id: ejpam-3654 author: Moaaz, Osama; Cesarano, Clemente; Muhib, Ali title: Some New Oscillation Results for Fourth-Order Neutral Differential Equations date: 2020 words: 4859 flesch: 86 summary: We see by induction that un (t) ≤ un+1 (t) and vn (t) ≤ vn+1 (t) for t ≥ t0, n > 1. ∣∣∣ for t ≥ tµ. Lemma 3. keywords: τ−1 cache: ejpam-3654.pdf plain text: ejpam-3654.txt item: #460 of 2048 id: ejpam-3657 author: Caadan, Julius Guhiting; Paluga, Rolando N.; Aniversario, Imelda S. title: Upper Distance k-Cost Effective Number in the Join of Graphs date: 2020 words: 3552 flesch: 84 summary: The concept of cost effective set in graph was introduced by Haynes, et.al. A set S ⊆ V (G) is a distance k- cost effective set of G if for every v ∈ S, |Nk G(v) ∩ Sc| − |Nk G(v) ∩ S| ≥ 0. keywords: distance; set cache: ejpam-3657.pdf plain text: ejpam-3657.txt item: #461 of 2048 id: ejpam-3659 author: Sumalpong Jr, Felipe Raypan; Benitez, Julius V. title: McShane Integrability Using Variational Measure date: 2020 words: 3708 flesch: 80 summary: [1, 5] Let {fn}∞n=1 be an increasing se- quence of McShane integrable functions on [a, b] such that lim n→∞ fn(x) REFERENCES 312 Consider the sequence {fn}∞n=1, defined by fn = |f · χXn | for all n ∈ N. Since Xn ⊆ Xn+1 for each n, {fn}∞n=1 is an increasing sequence of McShane integrable functions on [a, b] and fn → |f · χX | pointwisely on [a, b]. keywords: mcshane cache: ejpam-3659.pdf plain text: ejpam-3659.txt item: #462 of 2048 id: ejpam-3660 author: Macodi-Ringia, Amila Pagadilan; Petalcorin, Gaudencio Cempron title: On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Hyper GR-ideals in Hyper GR-algebras date: 2020 words: 4734 flesch: 85 summary: Moreover, let x, y ∈ H and let t̃, s̃ ∈ Some of these studies are intuitionistic fuzzy hyper BCK-ideals of hyper BCK-algebras [3] and intuitionistic fuzzy ideals in hyper BCI-algebras [15]. keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-3660.pdf plain text: ejpam-3660.txt item: #463 of 2048 id: ejpam-3664 author: Kalimbetov, Burkhan; Temirbekov, Akisher; Tolep, Abdimuhan title: Asymptotic Solutions of Scalar Integro-Differential Equations with Partial Derivatives and with Fast Oscillating Coefficients date: 2020 words: 5086 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 13 (2) (2020), 287-302 299 ⇒ Ŝ(x, t, τ) = g(x) 2 [ ∑ 2 ≤ |m| ≤ Ny, m2 + 1 = m3 ym(x, t)σ1 + ∑ 2 ≤ |m| ≤ Ny, m3 + 1 = m2 ym(x, t)σ2+ + ∗∑ 2 ≤ |m| ≤ Ny, m2 + 1 6= m3,m3 + 1 6= m2 ym(x, t)e(m,τ)+ +  ∑ 1 ≤ |m| ≤ Ny, m2 + 1 = m3 ye1+m(x, t)σ1 + ∑ 1 ≤ |m| ≤ Ny, m3 + 1 = m2 ye1+m(x, t)σ2  e τ1+ + ∗∑ 1 ≤ |m| ≤ Ny, m2 + 1 6= m3,m3 + 1 6= m2 ye1+m(x, t)e(e1+m,τ), After embedding, the right-hand side of system (15) will look like Ĝ(x, t, τ) [0, T ]) are arbitrary function, y0(x, t) is the solution of an integral equation (130), m ≡ (0,m2,m3) ,m2 6= m3, |m| = m2 +m3 ≥ 1. 4. keywords: k(x cache: ejpam-3664.pdf plain text: ejpam-3664.txt item: #464 of 2048 id: ejpam-3667 author: Rani, Supriya; Nigam, H. K. title: Approximation of Function in generalized Holder Class date: 2020 words: 5868 flesch: 86 summary: Math, 13 (2) (2020), 351-368 354 (a) (C,α)(C,α) or CαCα means if ξ(z) = ∏α j=1 z j , α ≥ 1. (b) (C,α)(E, ql) or CαEq means if hl,j = ( l j ) ql−j (1+q)l , 0 ≤ j ≤ l. (c) (C, 1)∆H or C1∆H means if α = 1. (ii) ( H, 1 l+1 ) ∆H or H1/l+1∆H means further reduces to (a) ( H, 1 l+1 ) (C,α) or H1/l+1Cα means if ξ(z) = ∏α j=1 z j , α ≥ 1. (b) ( H, 1 l+1 ) (E, ql) or H1/l+1Eq if hl,j = ( l j ) ql−j (1+q)l , 0 ≤ j ≤ l. (iii) (N, pl, ql)∆H or Np,q∆H means further reduces to (a) (N, pl, ql)(C,α) or Np,qCα means if ξ(z) = ∏α j=1 z j , α ≥ 1. (b) (N, pl, ql)(E, ql) or Np,qEq means if hl,j = ( l j ) ql−j (1+q)l , 0 ≤ j ≤ l. (iv) (N, pl)∆H or Np∆H means further reduces to (a) (N, pl)(C,α) or NpCα means if ξ(z) = ∏α j=1 z j , α ≥ 1. (b) (N, pl)(E, ql) or NpEq means if hl,j = ( l j ) ql−j (1+q)l , 0 ≤ j ≤ l. (v) (Ñ , pl)∆H or Ñp∆H means further reduces to (a) (Ñ , pl)(C,α) or ÑpCα means if ξ(z) = ∏α j=1 z j , α ≥ 1. (b) (Ñ , pl)(E, ql) or ÑpEq means if hl,j = ( l j ) ql−j (1+q)l , 0 ≤ j ≤ l. (vi) (E, ql)∆H or Eq∆H means further reduces to (a) (E, ql)(C,α) or EqCα means if ξ(z) = ∏α j=1 z j , α ≥ 1. (b) (E, ql)(E, ql) or EqEq means if hl,j = ( l j ) ql−j (1+q)l , 0 ≤ j ≤ l. (vii) T (C,α) or TCα means further reduces to (a) T (C, 1) or TC1 means if α = 1. (viii) T (E, ql) or TEq means further reduces to (a) T (E, 1) or TE1 means if ql = 1 ∀ l. Remark 3. We write φ(x, s) = g(x+ s) + g(x− s)− 2g(x); ∆bl,j = bl,j − bl,j+1; KT∆H l (s) = 1 2π l∑ j=0 bl,j j∑ a=0 ∫ 1 0 ( j a ) za(1− z)j−a dξ(z) sin ( a+ 1 2 ) keywords: l+1; means cache: ejpam-3667.pdf plain text: ejpam-3667.txt item: #465 of 2048 id: ejpam-367 author: Husain, Iqbal; Mattoo, Rumana G title: Mixed Type Symmetric and Self Duality for Multiobjective Variational Problems date: 2009 words: 7150 flesch: 86 summary: = 0 (41) (τ− (τT e)λ)T ( f y1 − D f ẏ1) + (θ 1(t)− (τT e) ȳ1(t))T ×(λT f y1 y1 − DλT f ẏ1 y1) Particularly, the equations (29)-(32) are the famous Euler-Lagrange differential equation when second order derivatives appear in H. Using the analogies of the observation of Dφ ÿ from the notational section, the equations (29)-(32) become, τ( fx1 − D f ẋ1)− (θ 1(t)− (τT e) ȳ1(t))T (λT f y1 x1 − DλT f ẏ1 x1) keywords: ẋ1; ẏ1 cache: ejpam-367.pdf plain text: ejpam-367.txt item: #466 of 2048 id: ejpam-3673 author: Elfiyanti, Gustina; Muchtadi-Alamsyah, Intan; Yuliawan, Fajar; Nasution, Dellavitha title: On the Category of Weakly U-Complexes date: 2020 words: 7433 flesch: 82 summary: A morphsim f : X −→ Y defined by fn = 1 is a morphism of U-complexes, but generally it is not an isomorphism of U-complexes. We define a morphism of weakly chain U -complexes analog to the definition of morphism of U-complexes, i.e. f : X −→ Y is a morphism of weakly chain U-complexes if f = (fn : Xn −→ Yn)n∈Z is a family of R-modules homomorphisms such that every rectangle commutes and fn ( UXn ) keywords: category; chain; complexes; homotopy cache: ejpam-3673.pdf plain text: ejpam-3673.txt item: #467 of 2048 id: ejpam-3676 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Laurente, Mark; Vega, Mary Ann Ritzell title: On Multi Poly-Genocchi Polynomials with Parameters a, b and c date: 2020 words: 4669 flesch: 83 summary: Similarly, when it comes to Genocchi polynomials, the most common thing is to establish relationship between Genocchi polynomials, Bernoulli polynomials and Euler polynomials Math, 13 (3) (2020), 444-458 445 ∞∑ n=0 Gn tn n! = 2t et + 1 , |t| < π. (3) The Bernoulli, Euler and Genocchi polynomials are defined via generating functions to be, respectively, ∞∑ n=0 Bn(x) keywords: genocchi; n=0; polynomials cache: ejpam-3676.pdf plain text: ejpam-3676.txt item: #468 of 2048 id: ejpam-3679 author: Barbatu, Camelia; Breaz, Daniel title: Some Univalence Conditions of a Certain General Integral Operator date: 2020 words: 4905 flesch: 88 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45 Key Words and Phrases: Integral operators, analytic and univalent functions, open unit disk, univalence conditions, Schwarz Lemma 1. Integral operators of Bazilvic type. keywords: i=1 cache: ejpam-3679.pdf plain text: ejpam-3679.txt item: #469 of 2048 id: ejpam-3680 author: Pattanaik, Pradosh Kumar; Paikray, Susanta Kumar; Jena, Bidu Bhusan title: Generalized Norlund and Norlund-type Means of Sequences of Fuzzy Numbers date: 2020 words: 2831 flesch: 79 summary: In this article we study some properties of generalized Nörlund and Nörlund-type means of sequences of fuzzy real numbers. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for our purposed methods to transform convergent sequences of fuzzy real numbers into convergent sequences of fuzzy real numbers which also preserve the limit. keywords: numbers cache: ejpam-3680.pdf plain text: ejpam-3680.txt item: #470 of 2048 id: ejpam-3698 author: Mardanov, M.J.; Sharifov, Y.A.; Aliyev, Humbet; Sardarova, R.A. title: Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for the First Order Non-linear Differential Equations with Multi-point Boundary Conditions date: 2020 words: 3991 flesch: 78 summary: T. Finally we see that the solution of boundary value problem (1)-(2) may be presented in the form x(t) = N−1α+ T∫ 0 G(t, τ)y(τ)dτ. Let x(t) be a solution of boundary value problem (1)-(2). keywords: boundary cache: ejpam-3698.pdf plain text: ejpam-3698.txt item: #471 of 2048 id: ejpam-370 author: Aydin, Kemal; Kizilkan, Gulnur Celik; Cibikdiken, Ali Osman title: Generalized Iterative Decreasing Dimension Method date: 2010 words: 3977 flesch: 85 summary: ℄:=Ve tor(1..N[k℄); X0[k℄[s[k℄℄:=(g[k℄[p[k℄℄)/(B[k℄[p[k℄,s[k℄℄); }end pro :Cal ulate R:=pro () r[k℄:=Matrix(1,1..N[k then Cal ulateX0(); m:=k;Output1(); else Output2(); end if:end pro : Example 4. >A:=Matrix([[1,-2,2,3℄,[2,1,1,-1℄,[3,-1,3,2℄,[5,0,4,1℄℄); A=      1 −2 2 3 2 1 1 −1 3 −1 3 2 5 0 4 1     >f:=Ve tor([1,-1,0,-1℄); f =      1 −1 0 −1     >gidda(A,f);      −1 5 − 4 5 a1 − 1 5 a2 −3 5 + 3 5 a1 + 4 5 a2 a1 a2      REFERENCES 829 Example 5. > keywords:   cache: ejpam-370.pdf plain text: ejpam-370.txt item: #472 of 2048 id: ejpam-3700 author: Cetin, Eyup; Kiremitci, Serap; Kiremitci, Baris title: Developing Optimal Policies to Fight Pandemics and COVID-19 Combat in the United States date: 2020 words: 8464 flesch: 60 summary: Here we develop and propose two optimization models to maximize the total protection from any epidemic, pandemic or bioterror attacks; the first one is personal protection model or protocol and the other one is mass protection model that is in- spired by the well-known weapon-target assignment problem of operations research. In this work, we propose two mathematical programming models for fighting any pan- demic at micro and macro levels, respectively; the first one is personal protection model or protocol and the other one is mass protection model for a country. keywords: agents; coronavirus; cost; covid-19; kiremitci; mass; model; number; pandemic; person; protection; segments; target; tools; total; url cache: ejpam-3700.pdf plain text: ejpam-3700.txt item: #473 of 2048 id: ejpam-3704 author: Amairanto, Rohaima M.; Isla, Rowena title: Hyper Homomorphism and Hyper Product of Hyper UP-algebras date: 2020 words: 6404 flesch: 87 summary: Since f(a), f(x), f(y) ∈ H ′ and θ′ is a congruence relation on H ′, from R. Amairanto, R. Isla / Eur. Then there exist f(a) ∈ f(A) and f(b) ∈ f(B) such that y ∈ f(a) ~′ f(b). keywords: congruence; hyper; let; relation cache: ejpam-3704.pdf plain text: ejpam-3704.txt item: #474 of 2048 id: ejpam-3705 author: Acala, Nestor Gonzales; Aleluya, Edward Rowe title: Identities on Generalized Apostol-Genocchi Numbers and Polynomials Involving Binomial Coefficients date: 2020 words: 3917 flesch: 76 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B65, 05A10, 11B83 Key Words and Phrases: Genocchi number, Genocchi polynomial, Apostol-Genocchi number, Apostol-Genocchi polynomial, Binomial coefficient, Generalized Apostol-Genocchi polynomials, Binomial inversion 1. Identities on Genocchi polynomials and Genocchi numbers concerning bino- mial coefficients. keywords: ln b cache: ejpam-3705.pdf plain text: ejpam-3705.txt item: #475 of 2048 id: ejpam-3707 author: Padhi, Sukanya; Nayak, Itishree title: Analysis of Electro-MHD of Third Grade Fuid Flow Through Porous Channel date: 2020 words: 4506 flesch: 63 summary: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 13, No. 5, 2020, 1270-1284 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Special Issue Dedicated to Professor Hari M. Srivastava On the Occasion of his 80th Birthday Analysis of Electro-MHD of third grade fluid flow through porous channel Sukanya Padhi1,∗, Itishree Nayak2 1,2 Department of Mathematics, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India Abstract. [4] employed numerical inversion of Laplace transform to study some unsteady third grade fluid flows. keywords: flow; fluid; grade; temperature; uj+1; velocity cache: ejpam-3707.pdf plain text: ejpam-3707.txt item: #476 of 2048 id: ejpam-3708 author: Raj, Kuldip; Mohiuddine, S. A. title: Applications of Lacunary Sequences to Develop Fuzzy Sequence Spaces for Ideal Convergence and Orlicz Function date: 2020 words: 6764 flesch: 86 summary: [17] used the idea of Orlicz function to define the following sequence space `M = { x ∈ w : ∞∑ k=1 M ( |xk| ρ ) <∞, for some ρ > 0 } which is called as an Orlicz sequence space. A = (ank) an infinite matrix and M = (Mk) be a sequence of Orlicz functions. keywords: m v; u,∆m; u,∆m v cache: ejpam-3708.pdf plain text: ejpam-3708.txt item: #477 of 2048 id: ejpam-371 author: Gopal, Lavanya title: Identification of the Memory Kernels and Controllability for Parabolic Equations date: 2010 words: 6605 flesch: 77 summary: The integral D2 can be bounded by D2 ≤ ∫∫ Q e−2sαs3λ3φ3|q|2d xd t + ∫∫ Q e−2sαλ(sφ)−1 ���� ∫ T t mt(τ, t)∆q(τ)dτ ��� 2 + ��� ∫ T t nt(τ, t)qτ(τ)dτ ��� 2� d xd t = D21 + D22 (17) R. Lavanya / Eur. Moreover, in proving the main inequality, we need the following estimates for the functions φ and α: �� ∂ φ ∂ t �� = |T−2t| t2(T−t)2 eλψ ≤ C(Ω,ω)Tφ2 �� ∂ α ∂ t �� = |T−2t| t2(T−t)2 |e2λΨ − eλψ| ≤ C(Ω,ω) Teλψ t2(T−t)2) ≤ C(Ω,ω)Tφ2 �� ∂ 2α ∂ t2 �� = |2T2−6T t+6t2 | t3(T−t)3 |e2λΨ − eλψ| ≤ C(Ω,ω)T 2φ3    (6) where C(Ω,ω) is a generic constant. keywords: t t; xd t; � d; � m; � ∫; � � cache: ejpam-371.pdf plain text: ejpam-371.txt item: #478 of 2048 id: ejpam-3710 author: Rajendra, R.; Kota Reddy, P. Siva title: On Tosha-degree of an Edge in a Graph date: 2020 words: 4659 flesch: 87 summary: For simple graph G, TL(G) = L(G) and so by Proposition 7 the result follows. Also, we introduce the concepts - zero edges in a graph, T -line graph of a multigraph, Tosha-adjacency matrix, Tosha-energy, edge- adjacency matrix and edge energy of a graph G and obtain some results. keywords: degree; edges; graph; tosha cache: ejpam-3710.pdf plain text: ejpam-3710.txt item: #479 of 2048 id: ejpam-3711 author: Paikray, Susanta Kumar; Parida, Priyadarsini; Mohiuddine, S. A. title: A Certain Class of Relatively Equi-Statistical Fuzzy Approximation Theorems date: 2020 words: 6607 flesch: 76 summary: If we put an = 0, bn = n, sn = tn = 1 and α = β = γ = 0 in our Theorem 1, then we get the statistical versions of the fuzzy Korovkin-type approximation theorem, which was demonstrated earlier by Anastassiou and Duman (see [3]). Statistical fuzzy approximation by fuzzy positive linear operators. keywords: convergence; math; γ h cache: ejpam-3711.pdf plain text: ejpam-3711.txt item: #480 of 2048 id: ejpam-3712 author: Deepika, T; Lokesha, V. title: Computing Discrete Adriatic Indices of Probabilistic Neural Network date: 2020 words: 3682 flesch: 70 summary: Adriatic indices are also part of topological indices, mainly it is classified into two namely extended variables and discrete adriatic indices, especially, discrete adriatic indices are analyzed on the testing sets provided by the International Academy of Mathematical Chemistry (IAMC) and it has been shown that they have good presaging substances in many compacts. Prologue and Provocation In this work peculiar attention is compensated to Adriatic indices that have been de- fined by D. Vukičević and M. Gasperov. keywords: index cache: ejpam-3712.pdf plain text: ejpam-3712.txt item: #481 of 2048 id: ejpam-3713 author: Rahmani Doust, Mohammad Hossein; Lokesha, V.; Ghasemabadi, Atena title: Analysis of the Picard's Iteration Method and Stability for Ecological Initial Value Problems of Single Species Models with Harvesting Factor date: 2020 words: 7265 flesch: 72 summary: Anybody is able to find out the answer of question ”How great an effect does self-generated spatial structure have on logistic population growth?” which is studied by Law et al in [7]. Two simple models of population growth use deterministic equations to describe the rate of change in the size of a population over time. keywords: growth; i.v.p; population; solution cache: ejpam-3713.pdf plain text: ejpam-3713.txt item: #482 of 2048 id: ejpam-3715 author: Manjunath, Muddalapuram; Lokesha, V.; Suvarna, .; Jain, Sushmitha title: Bounds for the Topological Indices of ℘ graph date: 2021 words: 3694 flesch: 83 summary: +m1n2[∆H +m1 − 2[∆G − 1] + n2] + 2 Math, 14 (2) (2021), 340-350 348 M1[℘] ≥ 2m1m2(∆H + 1) +m1n2[∆H +m1 − 2[∆G − 1] + n2] + 2 keywords: m1 −; m1(m1 −; − 1)− cache: ejpam-3715.pdf plain text: ejpam-3715.txt item: #483 of 2048 id: ejpam-3716 author: Lokesha, V.; Hosamani, Sunilkumar M; Patil, Shobha V. title: On Plick Graphs with Point-outercoarseness Number One date: 2020 words: 2076 flesch: 82 summary: /compile/output.dvi EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 13, No. 5, 2020, 1300-1305 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Special Issue Dedicated to Professor Hari M. Srivastava On the Occasion of his 80th Birthday On plick graphs with point-outercoarseness number one V. Lokesha1, Sunilkumar M. Hosamani2,∗, Shobha V. Patil3 1 Department of Studies in Mathematics VSK University, Bellary, Karnataka, India 2 Department of Mathematics, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India 3 Department of Mathematics, KLE’s Dr. M. S. Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology Belagavi, Karnataka, India Abstract. On plick graphs with coarseness number one. keywords: graph; theorem cache: ejpam-3716.pdf plain text: ejpam-3716.txt item: #484 of 2048 id: ejpam-3724 author: Ramane, Harishchandra S.; Talwar, Saroja Y.; Cangul, Ismail Naci title: Transmission and Reciprocal Transmission Based Topological Co-Indices of Graphs date: 2020 words: 4453 flesch: 84 summary: The transmission augmented Zagreb index of a graph G, [15], denoted by TAZ(G), is defined by TAZ(G) (4) The reciprocal transmission augmented Zagreb index of a graph G, [14], is denoted by RTAZ(G) and it is defined by RTAZ(G) keywords: graph; transmission cache: ejpam-3724.pdf plain text: ejpam-3724.txt item: #485 of 2048 id: ejpam-3725 author: Yurttas Gunes, Aysun; Togan, Muge; Demirci, Musa; Cangul, Ismail Naci title: Harmonic Index and Zagreb Indices of Vertex-Semitotal Graphs date: 2020 words: 2741 flesch: 84 summary: Then augmented Zagreb index of T1(G) is AZI(T1(G)) Re-defined versions of Zagreb indices of T1(G) are i) ReZG1(T1(G)) keywords: graph; index; zagreb cache: ejpam-3725.pdf plain text: ejpam-3725.txt item: #486 of 2048 id: ejpam-3727 author: Oumarou, Abba Mahamane; Bisso, Saley title: Modelling and Simulating a Transmission of COVID-19 Disease: Niger Republic Case date: 2020 words: 4808 flesch: 70 summary: On the definition and compu- tation of the basic reproduction ratio r0 in the model of infectious disease in hetero- geneous populations. Pλ = (µ+ λ)(λ5 + a1λ 4 + a2λ 3 + a3λ 2 + a4λ+ a5), (17) with: a1 = 5µ+ µ1 + α+ α1 + α2 + γ + θ1 + θ2 + θd > 0, (18) a2 = (µ+α)(µ+α1 +α2) + (2µ+α+α1 +α2)(2µ+ γ + θ1 + θ2) + (2µ+α+α1 +α2)× (µ+ µ1 + θd) + (µ+ γ)(µ+ θ1 + θ2) + (2µ+ γ + θ1 + θ2)(µ+ µ1 + θd) + αβ > 0 (19) a3 = (µ+α)(µ+α1 +α2)(2µ+γ+θ1 +θ2)+(µ+α)(µ+α1 +α2)(µ+µ1 +θd)+(µ+γ)× (µ+θ1 +θ2)(2µ+α+α1 +α2)+(2µ+α+α1 +α2)(2µ+γ+θ1 +θ2)(µ+µ1 +θd)+(µ+γ)× (µ+ θ1 + θ2)(µ+ µ1 + θd) + αβ(3µ+ µ1 + γ + θ1 + θ2 + θd − α1 − 1) > 0 (20) a4 = (µ+ α)(µ+ α1 + α2)(µ+ γ)(µ+ θ1 + θ2) + (µ+ α)(µ+ α1 + α2)(µ+ µ1 + θd)× (2µ+γ+θ1+θ2)+(µ+γ)(µ+θ1+θ2)(µ+µ1+θd)(2µ+α+α1+α2)+αβ(µ+θ1+θ2)(µ+µ1+θd) + αβ(2µ+ µ1 + θ1 + θ2 + θd)(µ+ γ)− αβθ2α2 − αβα1(2µ+ µ1 + θ1 + θ2 + θd) − αβ(2µ+ µ1 + γ + θd) > 0 (21) A. M. Oumarou, S. Bisso / Eur. keywords: disease; figure cache: ejpam-3727.pdf plain text: ejpam-3727.txt item: #487 of 2048 id: ejpam-3728 author: Yadav, Rishikesh; Meher, Ramakanta; Mishra, Vishnu Narayan title: Further Approximations on Durrmeyer Modification of Szasz-Mirakjan Operators date: 2020 words: 4826 flesch: 77 summary: Such type of properties have been studied by researchers using various operators (see [4, 5, 17–19]). Table 1: Convergence estimations of the operators B∗n(g;x) to the function g(x) x ↓, un = n→ at n=10 at n=50 at n=100 at n=200 at n=250 at n=500 at n=1000 0.1 0.202522 0.0156053 0.0069326 0.00326665 0.00258244 0.00126086 0.000622967 0.5 3.82396 0.325365 0.148479 0.0710035 0.0563036 0.0276615 0.0137104 0.9 27.2622 2.13631 0.969982 0.462837 0.366865 0.180094 0.0892291 1.0 42.1618 3.22439 1.46137 0.696735 0.552174 0.270979 0.134238 1.5 310.724 20.8491 9.3538 4.43876 3.51461 1.72172 0.852162 2.0 1888.96 110.236 48.9145 23.0939 18.2677 8.93151 4.4164 2.5 10237.6 516.742 226.689 106.464 84.1292 41.0503 20.2783 R. Yadav, R. Meher, V. N. Mishra / Eur. keywords: function; operators cache: ejpam-3728.pdf plain text: ejpam-3728.txt item: #488 of 2048 id: ejpam-3730 author: Suganya, S. Thamizh; Balaganesan, P.; Rajendran, L.; Abukhaled, Marwan title: Analytical Discussion and Sensitivity Analysis of Parameters of Magnetohydrodynamic Free Convective Flow in an Inclined Plate date: 2020 words: 4379 flesch: 59 summary: Chemical reaction effects on MHD free convective flow past an inclined plate. Radiation and chemical reaction effects on MHD flow along a moving vertical porous plate. keywords: effect; flow; heat; mhd; plate; velocity cache: ejpam-3730.pdf plain text: ejpam-3730.txt item: #489 of 2048 id: ejpam-3735 author: M. Al-Malki, Hessah; S. Al-Kadi, Deena title: The Structure of Pseudo-BF /BF*-algebra date: 2020 words: 7442 flesch: 98 summary: We study some elementary properties related to pseudo-BF -algebra and pseudo-BF ∗-algebra. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 06F35, 03G25 Key Words and Phrases: pseudo-BF -algebra, pseudo-BF ∗-algebra, pseudo-ideal, pseudo- atoms. keywords: pseudo cache: ejpam-3735.pdf plain text: ejpam-3735.txt item: #490 of 2048 id: ejpam-3742 author: Thiaw, Moussa; Ben Maaouia, Mohamed Ben Faraj title: Adjunction and Localization in the Category A-Alg of A-Algebras date: 2020 words: 3683 flesch: 87 summary: We say that S satisfies the left Ore conditions if: (i) ∀a ∈ A, ∀s ∈ S ∃t ∈ S and b ∈ A such that ta = bs (ii) ∀a ∈ A, ∀ s ∈ S such that as = 0, then it exist t ∈ S such that ta = 0. So the elements of S−1(A)⊗A are written in the form 1 s ⊗ Y , where Y ∈ A and s ∈ S. Let 1 s ⊗ Y ∈ KerθA ⇔ θA ( 1 s ⊗ Y ) keywords: êxt cache: ejpam-3742.pdf plain text: ejpam-3742.txt item: #491 of 2048 id: ejpam-3743 author: AL-shami, Tareq M.; Abo-Tabl, E. A.; Assad, Baravan; Arahet, Mohamed title: Limit Points and Separation Axioms with Respect to Supra Semi-open Sets date: 2020 words: 8333 flesch: 85 summary: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 13, No. 3, 2020, 427-443 ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Limit points and separation axioms with respect to supra semi-open sets T. M. Al-shami1,∗, E. A. Abo-Tabl2,3, B. A. Asaad4,5, M. A. Arahet6 1 Department of Mathematics, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen 2 Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences,Methnab, Qassim University, P. O. Box 931, Buridah 51931, Methnab, Saudia Arabia 3 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt 4 Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Cihan University-Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq 5 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq 6 Department of Mathematics, Amran University, Amran, Yemen Abstract. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05, 54C10, 54D10, 54D15 Key Words and Phrases: Supra semi-open set, supra semi limit point, SsTi-space (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) 1. keywords: open; semi; set; supra; x,µ cache: ejpam-3743.pdf plain text: ejpam-3743.txt item: #492 of 2048 id: ejpam-3747 author: Benchabane, Saadia; Djebali, Smail; Nazir, Talat title: Common Fixed Point Results for Set-valued Integral Type Contractions on Metric Spaces with Directed Graph date: 2020 words: 5877 flesch: 87 summary: If F (T ) is complete, then the Pompeiu-Hausdorff weight assigned to the U, V ∈ F (T ) is 0. (ii) XT 6= ∅ provided F (T ) 6= = V , that is V ∈ F (S). keywords: ϕ(t)dt cache: ejpam-3747.pdf plain text: ejpam-3747.txt item: #493 of 2048 id: ejpam-3752 author: Iampan, Aiyared; Songsaeng, Metawee; Muhiuddin, Ghulam title: Fuzzy Duplex UP-Algebras date: 2020 words: 5606 flesch: 91 summary: � c̃ � b̃ � c̃. By (5), we have b̃� c̃� ã� (b̃� c̃). ((ã� b̃)� c̃� b̃� c̃), (10) (∀ã, b̃, c̃ ∈ X keywords: ã �; � b̃ cache: ejpam-3752.pdf plain text: ejpam-3752.txt item: #494 of 2048 id: ejpam-3756 author: Sharma, Nisha; Mishra, Lakshmi Narayan; Mishra, Vishnu Narayan; Pandey, Shikha title: Solution of Delay Differential Equation via N^v_1 Iteration Algorithm date: 2020 words: 5758 flesch: 85 summary: − xδ‖ − ‖f(T, tn)− xδ‖ ≤ ξ3(ξ − (1− ξ)σ0n)‖tn − xδ‖+ εn This implies that limn→∞ tn = 0. − xδ‖ = ξ(1− (1− ξ)σ0n)‖ζn − xδ‖ also, ‖ηn − xδ‖ ≤ ‖Tθn − xδ‖ = ‖Tθn − Txδ‖ ≤ ξ‖θn − xδ‖ using the value of ‖θn − xδ‖, we have ‖ηn − xδ‖ ≤ ξ2(1− (1− ξ)σ0n)‖ζn − xδ‖ similarly, we have ‖ζn+1 keywords: iteration; math; xδ‖ cache: ejpam-3756.pdf plain text: ejpam-3756.txt item: #495 of 2048 id: ejpam-3757 author: Acala, Nestor Gonzales title: A Unification of the Generalized Multiparameter Apostol-type Bernoulli, Euler, Fubini, and Genocchi Polynomials of Higher Order date: 2020 words: 7593 flesch: 87 summary: b a )t − 1 ) α cxt = ∞∑ n=0 F (α) n,k(x, y; a, b, c;λ) tn n! , (3) (∣∣∣∣t ln ( b a ) + ln ( λy y + 1 )∣∣∣∣ < 2π;α ∈ C; a, b, c ∈ R+;x, y ∈ R, k ∈ N0; 1α := 1 ) . = ∞∑ n=0 F (α) n (x, y) tn n! (see [12, 13, 15, 17]). keywords: n r cache: ejpam-3757.pdf plain text: ejpam-3757.txt item: #496 of 2048 id: ejpam-3758 author: Agua, Breix Michael; Paluga, Rolando N. title: On (μ1, μ2, μ3)-Weakly Generalized Closed Sets date: 2020 words: 4722 flesch: 85 summary: A subset A of X is called semi-open set if A ⊆ cl(int(A)). We denote the collection of semi-open sets in X as SO(X). keywords: set cache: ejpam-3758.pdf plain text: ejpam-3758.txt item: #497 of 2048 id: ejpam-3759 author: Simuen, Anusorn; Abdullah, Saleem; Yonthanthum, Winita; Chinram, Ronnason title: Almost Bi-Γ-Ideals and Fuzzy Almost Bi-Γ-Ideals of Γ-Semigroups date: 2020 words: 4778 flesch: 92 summary: Bi-quasi ideals and fuzzy bi-ideals of Γ-semigroups. [19]) Let M and Γ be non-empty sets. keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-3759.pdf plain text: ejpam-3759.txt item: #498 of 2048 id: ejpam-3764 author: Alqahtani, Mesfer Hayyan; Ozel, Cenap; Alshammari, Ibtesam title: New Topology on Omega Algebra date: 2020 words: 6943 flesch: 80 summary: Aω ×Aω −→ Aω, Then for all a1, a2, a3 ∈ A, the following axioms are satisfied: (i) a1 ⊕ a2 = a1 or a2; (ii) a1 ⊕ ω = a1 = ω ⊕ a1; M. Alqahtani, C. Özel, I. Alshammari / Eur. If there exist a γ1 ∈ I where Sγ1 = Aω, then ⋃ γ∈I Sγ = Aω ∈ τω. keywords: inverse; omega; proof; space cache: ejpam-3764.pdf plain text: ejpam-3764.txt item: #499 of 2048 id: ejpam-3768 author: Di, Huafei; Chen, Lin; Song, Zefang title: Some Results on Blow-up Phenomenon for Nonlinear Porous Medium Equations with Weighted Source date: 2020 words: 5684 flesch: 83 summary: Furthermore, from the choice of ε1 and ε2, it is easy to see that ε1(1+ε2)n (m+1)(n−2) = 1. Inserting (3.4)-(3.6) into (3.3), it follows that ϕ′(t) ≤ −(m+ 1) ∫ Ω |∇um|2dx+ (m+ 1)C3(l + 1) m+ l + 1 |Ω| + ut −4um = a(x)f(u), x ∈ Ω, t > 0, (1.1) u(x, t) = 0 or ∂u ∂ν = 0, x ∈ ∂Ω, t > 0, (1.2) u(x, 0) = g(x) ≥ 0, x ∈ Ω, (1.3) where m > 1 and Ω ⊂ Rn (n ≥ 3) is a smooth bounded domain, ν is the outward normal vector, g(x) is a continuous nonnegative function and satisfies the compatible condition. keywords: blow; m+1; time cache: ejpam-3768.pdf plain text: ejpam-3768.txt item: #500 of 2048 id: ejpam-3769 author: Gashi, Menderes title: On the Symmetric Block Design with Parameters (210,77,28) Admitting a Frobenius Group of Order 57 date: 2020 words: 4530 flesch: 78 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05B05 Key Words and Phrases: Symmetric block design, Orbit structure, Automorphism group 1. Among symmetric block designs of square order, a study of symmetric block designs of order 49 is of a particular interest. keywords: block; design; orbit cache: ejpam-3769.pdf plain text: ejpam-3769.txt item: #501 of 2048 id: ejpam-3776 author: Chanan, Sadia; Khan, Asif R. title: New Refinement of Niezgoda’s Inequality with Applications to Ky Fan Inequality date: 2020 words: 4335 flesch: 83 summary: Under the assumptions stated above it should be noted that m∑ j=1 aj − m−1∑ j=1 l−1∑ k=0 λk+1xij+k  ∈ J. The aim of this paper is to present new refinement of Theorem 3. By applying the convex function φ(x) = ln ( x 1−x ) for all x ∈ (0, 12 ], to the inequality (6), we get, ln ( ∑m j=1 aj − ∑m−1 j=1 ∑n i=1wixij 1− ∑m j=1 aj + ∑m−1 j=1 ∑n i=1wixij ) ≤ n∑ i=1 wi ln ( ∑m j=1 aj − ∑m−1 j=1 ∑l−1 keywords: i=1; j=1; m−1∑ cache: ejpam-3776.pdf plain text: ejpam-3776.txt item: #502 of 2048 id: ejpam-3780 author: Chua, Dhenmar Enriquez; Campeña, Francis Joseph Hernandez; Franco, Floresto title: Efficient Zero Ring Labeling of Graphs date: 2020 words: 9344 flesch: 93 summary: A3 A0 A1 A2 A4 Figure 2: Zero ring labeling of C5 using M0 2 (Z5) Given a graph G with zero ring labeling f , we consider the set K = {f(u) + f(v) : uv ∈ E(G)}. Zero ring labeling of graphs. keywords: graph; labeling; path; ring; ring labeling; vertex; vertices cache: ejpam-3780.pdf plain text: ejpam-3780.txt item: #503 of 2048 id: ejpam-3781 author: Ramakrishna, A. V.; Prasanna, T.V.N.; Lakshmi, D.V. title: Near Ring Multiplications on a Modified Near Module Over a Near Ring date: 2021 words: 3463 flesch: 91 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16Y30 Key Words and Phrases: Near ring, near module, semilinear map 1. Near ring Multiplication On a Modified Near Module keywords: module; near; ring cache: ejpam-3781.pdf plain text: ejpam-3781.txt item: #504 of 2048 id: ejpam-3792 author: Nah, Kyeongah; Chen, Shengyuan; Xiao, Yanyu; Tang, Biao; Bragazzi, Nicola; Heffernan, Jane; Asgary, Ali; Ogden, Nicholas; Wu, Jianhong title: Scenario Tree and Adaptive Decision Making on Optimal Type and Timing for Intervention and Social-economic Activity Changes to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020 words: 8060 flesch: 56 summary: Taking into account the uncertainties in contact rates during different re-opening phases, we find the optimal timing for the upcoming re-opening phase that maximizes the relaxation of social contacts under uncertainties, while not overwhelming the health system capacity before the arrival of effective therapeutics or vaccines. However, they can be informed by, for example, mathematical modelling studies of historical measures of COVID-19 public health mitigation strategies during different closure stages – bounds of contact rates in the future may be reasonably established in terms of the economic sec- tor and social, economic and health considerations, from which ranges in the timing and magnitude of peak demand of ICU units can be inferred. keywords: canada; cases; contact; covid-19; escalation; health; icu; model; oct; ontario; opening; phase; rate; scenarios; transmission cache: ejpam-3792.pdf plain text: ejpam-3792.txt item: #505 of 2048 id: ejpam-3807 author: Belleza, Katrina Eusebio; Vilela, Jocelyn title: On B-ideals in a Topological B-Algebra date: 2020 words: 5022 flesch: 88 summary: Suppose x ∗ y ∈ U ∈ τ . Suppose x ∗ y ∈ U(x ∗ y) where x, y ∈ X. By Theorem 10, there exists G ∈ K such that G[[x ∗ y]] ⊆ U(x ∗ y). keywords: algebra cache: ejpam-3807.pdf plain text: ejpam-3807.txt item: #506 of 2048 id: ejpam-3808 author: Novoselac, Vedran title: The Component Weighted Median Absolute Deviations Problem date: 2020 words: 4799 flesch: 75 summary: This is the situation when w = w(p) starts to be included into the sum (3), which immediately generates the interval Is for the second case (II) in Theorem 2, i.e. Is = 〈w−s ,+∞〉, so that F (z;w) = z(ν+s +1) = z(p), w ∈ Is, and singleton case when F (z;w−s ) , z(dm+1 2 e)}, (5) it holds that ν−i = maxL, w ∈ Ii, where an interval Ii presents the solution of the observed inequality (5) for the corresponding ν−i . keywords: function; model cache: ejpam-3808.pdf plain text: ejpam-3808.txt item: #507 of 2048 id: ejpam-3812 author: Ortega, Marivir; Isla, Rowena title: On Semitotal k-Fair and Independent k-Fair Domination in Graphs date: 2020 words: 7170 flesch: 86 summary: Math, 13 (4) (2020), 779-793 781 G and H, denoted by G�H, is the graph with vertex-set V (G�H) [{x} × Tx] ⊆ V (G�H) is a kfd-set in G�H if and only if (i) V (H)\Tx ⊆ NH(Tx) ∪ ( ⋃ z∈NG(x) keywords: kfd; set cache: ejpam-3812.pdf plain text: ejpam-3812.txt item: #508 of 2048 id: ejpam-3813 author: Barnes, Benedict; Boateng, Francis Ohene; Sebil, Charles; Owusu, Enock title: Mathematical Modeling of Wastes Pile-Up in Kwadaso Municipality in Ashanti, Ghana date: 2020 words: 5314 flesch: 64 summary: Ghana as a developing country has its share of the problem of wastes management. In other words solid waste can be defined as the useless and unwanted products in solid state derived from the activities of human beings. keywords: pure; rate; table; wastes cache: ejpam-3813.pdf plain text: ejpam-3813.txt item: #509 of 2048 id: ejpam-3817 author: Elhaddad, Suhila; Aldweby, Huda; Darus, Maslina title: Univalence of New General Integral Operator Defined by the Ruscheweyh Type q-Difference Operator date: 2020 words: 3140 flesch: 84 summary: If f ∈ A satisfies 1− |z|2<(%) <(%) ∣∣∣∣∣zf ′′ (z) f ′(z) ∣∣∣∣∣ ≤ 1, z ∈ U, then the operator f%(z) = { % ∫ z 0 t%−1f ′ (t)dt } 1 % , is belonging to S. S. Elhaddad, H. Aldweby, M. Darus / Eur. If f ∈ A satisfies ∣∣∣∣∣c|z|2% + (1− |z|2%)zf ′′ (z) %f ′(z) ∣∣∣∣∣ ≤ 1, z ∈ U, then the operator f%(z) keywords: operator cache: ejpam-3817.pdf plain text: ejpam-3817.txt item: #510 of 2048 id: ejpam-3818 author: Babarinsa, Olayiwola; Sofi, Azfi Zaidi Mohammad; Ibrahim, Mohd Asrul Hery; Kamarulhaili, Hailiz title: Optimized Cramer’s Rule in WZ Factorization and Applications date: 2020 words: 7793 flesch: 78 summary: The matrix norms and performance time of WZ factorization together with LU factorization are analyzed using sparse matrices on MATLAB via AMD and Intel processor to deduce that the optimized Cramer’s rule in the factoriza- tion algorithm yields accurate results than LU factorization and conventional WZ factorization. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65F05, 65F35, 15A23 Key Words and Phrases: WZ factorization, LU factorization, Linear systems, Cramer’s rule, MATLAB 1. keywords: e r; e t; factorization; matlab; matrix; z(k−1 cache: ejpam-3818.pdf plain text: ejpam-3818.txt item: #511 of 2048 id: ejpam-3819 author: ALZahrani, Samirah title: Use of Some Topological Concepts in the Study of Some COVID-19 Symptoms date: 2020 words: 2723 flesch: 69 summary: From the table 1 appears the class RXY of symptom temperature X and breathing diffi- culty Y , it shows equivalence class RXY of patients : RXY = {{p1, p4}, {p2}, {p3}, {p5}, {p6, p7, p8}, {p9, p10}}. When we looked at table 1 from through symptom temperature X, it showed us the classes RX contain three sets of patients according to their pain: XV keywords: p10 cache: ejpam-3819.pdf plain text: ejpam-3819.txt item: #512 of 2048 id: ejpam-3822 author: Adongo, Florence A.; Lawrence, Onyango Omondi; Bonyo, Job; Lawi, G. O.; Elisha, Ogada A. title: A Delayed Vaccination Model for Rotavirus Infection date: 2020 words: 3091 flesch: 66 summary: a8 = βI∗ a9 = βS∗ + (1− ε)V ∗(t− τ)− (δ + κ+ µ) To find the characteristic equation of the linearized system (1) at steady states, we compute the eigenvalues of the following matrix∣∣∣∣∣∣ λ− a1 a2 a3 a4 λ− [a5e −λτ + a6] a7 a8 a5e −λτ λ− a9 ∣∣∣∣∣∣ = 0 this gives λ3 +M2λ 2 +M1λ+M0 + (N2λ 2 +N1λ+N0)e−λτ = 0, (2) where M2 = −(a1 + a6 + a9) M1 = (a6a9 + a1a6 + a1a9 − a2a4 − a3a8) M0 = (−a1a6a9 − a2a4a9 − a2a7a8 + a3a6a8) N2 = −a5 N1 = (a5a9 − a5a7 + a1a5) N0 = (a1a5a7 − a1a5a9 + a3a4a5 + a3a5a8). Figure (3) shows that the endemic equilibrium E∗(35.7321, 45.5913, 6.3217) Figure 2: Simulation of system (1) shows the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium when Rv = 0.7692 is locally asymptotically stable when τ ∈ keywords: disease; equilibrium; model; onyango; rotavirus; time cache: ejpam-3822.pdf plain text: ejpam-3822.txt item: #513 of 2048 id: ejpam-3823 author: Jasim, Taha H.; Mohsen, Saja S.; Eke, Kanayo Stella title: On Micro-generalized Closed Sets and Micro-generalized Continuity in Micro Topological Spaces date: 2021 words: 4108 flesch: 80 summary: then f−1(B) is Micro-closed set in (X, τR(A), µR(A)) and by remark 3.5 (Every Micro closed set is Micro-generalized closed set) Then f−1(B) is Micro-closed set in (X, τR(A), µR(A)). keywords: micro; set cache: ejpam-3823.pdf plain text: ejpam-3823.txt item: #514 of 2048 id: ejpam-3826 author: Zannon, Mohammad; Abu-Rqayiq, Abdullah; Al-bdour, Ammar title: Free Vibration Frequency of Thick FGM Spherical Shells Based on a Third-order Shear Deformation Theory date: 2020 words: 4036 flesch: 64 summary: Numerical results which include spherical shell panels with all edges simply supported or clamped are presented to validate the accuracy of the present approach. Examples below show spherical shell panels with all edges clamped or simply supported. keywords: cos; shells; vibration cache: ejpam-3826.pdf plain text: ejpam-3826.txt item: #515 of 2048 id: ejpam-3831 author: Abdullah, Abdullah; Sarwar, Muhammad; Mustafa, Zead; Jaradat, Mohammed M.M. title: Solving a Class of Integral Equations via Contractive Mapping with Rational Type date: 2020 words: 7560 flesch: 88 summary: if Gb(x, y, z) = 0 then x = y = z. (2) G(x, y, z) ≤ s(Gb(x, x, y) +Gb(x, x, z)). (3) Gb(x, y, y) ≤ 2sGb(y, x, x). The mappings F,H, T : X ×X → X are said to satisfy the generalized contraction if for a, b, u, v, x, y ∈ X Gb ( F (a, b), H(u, v), T (x, y) ) ≤ N (a, b, u, v, x, y), where N (a, b, u, v, x, y) = α1(a, u) · keywords: x3k+2; y3k+1 cache: ejpam-3831.pdf plain text: ejpam-3831.txt item: #516 of 2048 id: ejpam-3834 author: Lo, Gane Samb; Ngom, Modou; Diallo, Moumouni title: Extremes, Extremal Index Estimation, Records, Moment Problem for the Pseudo-Lindley Distribution and Applications date: 2020 words: 4848 flesch: 82 summary: u)− log log(1/u)) + θ−1K(u) (7) with K(u) In the part (b), we want to share that we do not need any other condition on top of k(n)/n → 0 to have the central limit theorem if F−1 is reduced to F−1∗ (1− u) = γ log u− C(γ) log log(1/u), u ∈]0, 1[, C(γ) ≥ 1. (12) keywords: log; log(1 cache: ejpam-3834.pdf plain text: ejpam-3834.txt item: #517 of 2048 id: ejpam-3838 author: Galvez, Lucky Erap; Betty, Rowena Alma; Nemenzo, Fidel title: Self-orthogonal Codes over Fq + uFq and Fq + uFq + u 2Fq date: 2020 words: 6992 flesch: 85 summary: A key problem is to establish an explicit formula for the number of distinct self-dual codes of length n over a ring R, given by∑ C |En| |Aut(C)| where C runs through the set of all inequivalent self-dual codes of length n over R, En is the full group of transformations allowed in defining the equivalence for code C and Aut(C) is the automorphism group. Math, 13 (4) (2020), 873-892 878 � Define the sets X = { C | C ⊆ Rn1 , type {k0, 0}, C ⊆ C⊥, res(C) keywords: codes; ik0; orthogonal; self cache: ejpam-3838.pdf plain text: ejpam-3838.txt item: #518 of 2048 id: ejpam-3839 author: Acala, Nestor Gonzales; Montero, Maribeth B. title: Truncated Tangent Polynomials date: 2020 words: 3979 flesch: 88 summary: Some of the recent works on truncated numbers polynomials include truncated Fubini polynomials − m−1∑ n=0 Tm,n(x) tn n! = ∞∑ n=0 ( 2 ( n+m n ) xn − Tm,n+m(x) ) tn+m (n+m)! keywords: n=0 cache: ejpam-3839.pdf plain text: ejpam-3839.txt item: #519 of 2048 id: ejpam-3844 author: Al-Kadi, Deena S.; Muhiuddin, G. title: Further Results on Fuzzy Soft BCK/BCI-algebras date: 2020 words: 3227 flesch: 83 summary: [10] defined and studied fuzzy soft sets. [19] considered the notion of fuzzy soft set and used it to present a theoretic approach to decision making problems and Jun et al. keywords: bci; bck; fuzzy cache: ejpam-3844.pdf plain text: ejpam-3844.txt item: #520 of 2048 id: ejpam-3848 author: Mingxin, Zha; Wenxiao, Si; Tao, Xie title: Robust Exponential Stability of Recurrent Neural Networks with Deviating Argument and Stochastic Disturbance date: 2020 words: 4390 flesch: 72 summary: For t0 ≤ t ≤ t0 + 2ρ, from (1), we have E‖y(t)− x(t)‖2 = E‖ ∫ t t0 −A(y(s)− x(s)) Thus, considering (23) and (24), for t ≥ t0 − α+mρ, ‖y(t; t0, y0)‖ = ‖y(t; t0 + (m− 1)ρ, y(t0 + (m− 1)ρ; t0, y0))‖ ≤ exp(−ρτ)‖y(t0 + (m− 1)ρ; t0, y0)‖ ≤ exp(−mρτ)‖y0‖ Consequently, when t > t0−α+ρ, the positive integer m that satisfies t0−α+(m−1)ρ ≤ t ≤ t0 − α+mρ, ‖y(t; t0, y0)‖2 ≤ exp(−τ(t− t0))exp(τ(ρ− α))‖y0‖2 (25) Obviously, (25) also holds for t0 ≤ t ≤ t0 − α+ ρ. keywords: stability cache: ejpam-3848.pdf plain text: ejpam-3848.txt item: #521 of 2048 id: ejpam-3850 author: Otoo, Dominic; Donkoh, Elvis Kobina; Kessie, Justice Amenyo title: Estimating the Basic Reproductive Number of COVID-19 Cases in Ghana date: 2021 words: 4970 flesch: 65 summary: They are called disease compartments if the individuals therein are infected, and nondisease compartment if the vice versa is the case. Let x = (x1, ..., xn)T ∈ Rm and y = (y1, ..., ym)T ∈ Rn represent the populations in disease compartments and nondisease compartments, respectively; F = (F1, ...,Fn)T and V = (V1, ...,Vn)T, where Fi represents the rate of new infections in the ith disease compartment; and Vi represents the transition terms, for example, death and recovery in the ith disease compartment. keywords: compartment; covid-19; disease; individuals; number; rate; reproductive; transmission cache: ejpam-3850.pdf plain text: ejpam-3850.txt item: #522 of 2048 id: ejpam-3852 author: Riera, Constanza; Roy, Tapabrata; Sarkar, Santanu; Stanica, Pantelimon title: A Hybrid Inversive Congruential Pseudorandom Number Generator with High Period date: 2021 words: 8071 flesch: 84 summary: For a modulus M = 2ω and y0 ∈ GM , let yn+1 ≡ ay−1n + b+ cyn (mod M), n = 0, 1, . . . +m+ 2mV0 and y−1m+1 = y−11 +m+ 2mV1 (mod M), for some integers V0 and V1 (inverses are considered in ZM ). keywords: mod; mod m; period cache: ejpam-3852.pdf plain text: ejpam-3852.txt item: #523 of 2048 id: ejpam-3863 author: Srivastava, Hari M. title: Foreword date: 2020 words: 478 flesch: 39 summary: The main emphasis of this Special Dedication Issue was to include some selected peer- reviewed papers which stemmed from the International Conference on Advances in Mathe- matics and Computing (ICAMC 2020) Finally, on my own behalf as well as on behalf of the Members of the Organizing Committee of ICAMC 2020 (including the Convener, Dr. Susanta Kumar Paikray), I am exceedingly delighted to thank all of the participating authors and the referees for their invaluable contributions toward the remarkable success of this Special Dedication Issue. keywords: mathematics; pure cache: ejpam-3863.pdf plain text: ejpam-3863.txt item: #524 of 2048 id: ejpam-3868 author: Bracken, Paul title: Cartan's Approach to Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations date: 2020 words: 7501 flesch: 81 summary: Given a trace-free matrix valued one-form $ with $2 = −ϑ $2 1 = dx and $ a multiple of ϕ, the remaining elements of $ are uniquely determined by the following conditions on its curvature form Π: it must be strictly upper-triangular and Π1 2 is a multiple of dx ∧ ϑ. γ̄ ∧ φ ᾱ ∧ γ̄ + β̄ ∧ β̄′ + γ̄′ ∧ ᾱ′ φ̄ ∧ ᾱ− (ᾱ+ ᾱ′) ∧ φ+ β̄′ ∧ θ φ̄ ∧ β̄ + β̄′ ∧ φ φ̄ ∧ γ̄ − (ᾱ+ ᾱ′) ∧ β + β̄′ ∧ ᾱ′ θ ∧ ᾱ+ φ ∧ φ̄+ ᾱ′ ∧ θ θ ∧ β̄ − φ ∧ (ᾱ+ ᾱ′) + ᾱ′ ∧ φ θ ∧ γ̄ + φ ∧ β̄′  (100) keywords: form cache: ejpam-3868.pdf plain text: ejpam-3868.txt item: #525 of 2048 id: ejpam-3872 author: Lo, Gane Samb; Ahsanullah, Mohammad; Diallo, Moumouni; Ngom, Modou title: Asymptotic Laws for Upper and Strong Record Values in the Extreme Domain of Attraction and Beyond date: 2021 words: 6340 flesch: 85 summary: 2. Results Before stating our results, we recall that any F ∈ D is associated to a pair of functions (a(u), b(u)) of u ∈ [0, 1] as defined in the representations of Proposition 2 for F ∈ D(Gγ), γ 6= 0. That approach is based on representations of F ∈ D due to Karamata and to de Haan for example. keywords: x(n cache: ejpam-3872.pdf plain text: ejpam-3872.txt item: #526 of 2048 id: ejpam-3873 author: Sigasig, Eva Jenny C.; Rosero, Cristoper John S.; Baldado, Michael Jr. Patula title: On γ-Sets in Rings date: 2021 words: 6945 flesch: 92 summary: Moreover, we gave: necessary and sufficient conditions for rings to have a unique γ-set; an upper bound for the total number of minimum γ-sets in a division ring; a lower bound for the total number of minimum γ-sets in a division ring; necessary and sufficient conditions for T (x) and T to be equal; necessary and sufficient conditions for a ring to have a trivial γ-set; necessary and sufficient conditions for an image of a γ-set to be a γ-set also; necessary and sufficient conditions for a ring to have a trivial γ-set; and, necessary and sufficient conditions for the families of γ-sets of two division rings to be isomorphic. In this study, we continued the investigation of γ-sets. keywords: set cache: ejpam-3873.pdf plain text: ejpam-3873.txt item: #527 of 2048 id: ejpam-3877 author: Nkombo, Quincy Stevene; Li, Fengquan title: Radon Measure-valued Solutions for Nonlinear Strongly Degenerate Parabolic Equations with Measure Data date: 2021 words: 10310 flesch: 87 summary: = ∫ T 0 u(·, t)(Et)dt where Et = {x ∈ Ω/(x, t) ∈ E} (c) there exists a constant C > 0 such that ess sup t∈(0,T ) ‖ u(·, t) ‖M(Ω)≤ C. In the following, we will use the notation ‖ u ‖L∞((0,T ),M(Ω))= ess sup t∈(0,T ) ‖ u(·, t) ‖M(Ω) . There holds 1 τ ∫ t+τ t 〈u(s), ρ〉Ω ds− 〈u0, ρ〉Ω = ∫ T 0 ητ (s)ds ∫ Ω ψ(ur)∆ρdx+ ∫ T 0 ητ (s) ∫ Ω ρdµ. Since ητ (s) → χ(0,t] for every s ∈ (0, T ) as τ → 0 keywords: equations; function; lim; measure; problem; radon; set cache: ejpam-3877.pdf plain text: ejpam-3877.txt item: #528 of 2048 id: ejpam-388 author: Cetin, Eyup; Sarul, L. Sinem title: A Blood Bank Location Model: A Multiobjective Approach date: 2009 words: 3782 flesch: 59 summary: The objectives, which are handled via binary nonlinear goal programming, are minimizitation of total fixed cost of location blood banks, total traveled distance between the blood banks and hospitals and an inequality index as a fairness mechanism for the distances. There are some crucial factors for blood bank location, namely, transaction demands (or shipments) keywords: banks; blood; care; goal; health; hospitals; location; model; programming cache: ejpam-388.pdf plain text: ejpam-388.txt item: #529 of 2048 id: ejpam-3881 author: Konane, Victorien Fourtoua title: Markov Modeling of Battery Cell Behavior Taking into Account Pulsed Discharge Recovery date: 2021 words: 4199 flesch: 75 summary: N − 1 pN,N = p where 0 ≤ p < 1, q = 1 − p. = −q + (1− q)e−α(N−xt), x0 = N, which yields xt = N − 1 α ln ( eαqt − 1− q q (eαqt − 1) ) . keywords: battery; capacity; i=1; j=1 cache: ejpam-3881.pdf plain text: ejpam-3881.txt item: #530 of 2048 id: ejpam-3884 author: Antalan, John Rafael Macalisang; Campena, Francis Joseph title: A Breadth-first Search Tree Construction for Multiplicative Circulant Graphs date: 2021 words: 6131 flesch: 76 summary: Since the reproduction starts at vertex mh−1 which is of distance 1 to the 0−vertex, we need to add another |L[bfs0(Γmh−1)]|. [12] in 1997 when he studied a particular class of circulant graph called recursive circulant graph or RC graph that was introduced by Park and Chwa keywords: distance; graph; vertex; vertices cache: ejpam-3884.pdf plain text: ejpam-3884.txt item: #531 of 2048 id: ejpam-3886 author: Farahat, Mohamed; Al-Bogamy, Salha title: Ore Extension Rings Satisfy the Weak PS-Rings date: 2021 words: 4234 flesch: 89 summary: Given a module MR, an endomorphism α : R −→ R and an α- derivation δ : R −→ R. We say that MR is α-compatible if for each m ∈M and r ∈ R, we have mr = 0⇔ mα(r) = 0. Let R be a ring with identity 1 and α an endomorphism of R. Then a map δ : R −→ R is called an α-derivation of R if δ (a+ b) = δ (a) + δ (b) and δ (ab) = δ (a) b+ α (a) δ (b) , for all a, b ∈ R. We denote by A = R keywords: nil; ring cache: ejpam-3886.pdf plain text: ejpam-3886.txt item: #532 of 2048 id: ejpam-3888 author: Yougbaré, Jacob Wendpanga title: Analysis of Agricultural Performance in Burkina Faso Using Data Envelopment Analysis date: 2021 words: 5559 flesch: 59 summary: Our specific objectives are: • to enable measures and analyses of agricultural production efficiencies; • to enable the determination of efficient units that can be used as a reference; • to enable the identification of sources of production inefficiency; • to enable decision-makers and partners to guide investments taking into account reference units and inefficiencies in agriculture sector in Burkina Faso. DEA technical efficiency The performance of the DMU d is fully (100%) efficient (CCR ) keywords: data; dea; dmu; efficiency; input; model; output; performance; production cache: ejpam-3888.pdf plain text: ejpam-3888.txt item: #533 of 2048 id: ejpam-3889 author: Balde, Seydina Ababacar; Ben Maaouia, Mohamed Ben Faraj; Chbih, Ahmed Ould title: Localization of Hopfian and Cohopfian Objects in the Categories of A − Mod, AGr(A − Mod) and COMP(AGr(A − Mod)) date: 2021 words: 7665 flesch: 77 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: Mathematics Subject classification codes Key Words and Phrases: graded ring, a saturated multiplicative part formed by the non-zero homogeneous elements of A,Ore conditions, hopfian, cohopfian, sequence complex, chain complex, quasi-injective and quasi-projective. [21] R. Abu-Dawwas More on crossed product over the support of graded rings, Interna- tional Mathematical Forum, 5 (63), 3121-3126. keywords: cohopfian; hopfian; left; module; s−1(m cache: ejpam-3889.pdf plain text: ejpam-3889.txt item: #534 of 2048 id: ejpam-3890 author: Campena, Francis Joseph Hernandez; Chua, Dhenmar; Franco, Jr., Floresto; Casica, Jon-jon title: On Efficient Zero Ring Labeling and Restricted Zero Ring Graphs date: 2021 words: 4669 flesch: 90 summary: Introduction One of the fields in graph theory that has been a study of interest of many mathematical researchers is graph labeling. Most of the methods or schemes in graph labeling can be traced to or have links to a paper by Rosa [9]. keywords: bn2; graph; labeling; ring cache: ejpam-3890.pdf plain text: ejpam-3890.txt item: #535 of 2048 id: ejpam-3892 author: Shahbaz, Saman Hanif; Rahman, Md. Mahabubur; Shahbaz, Muhammad Qaiser title: General Results for General Transmuted-G Distributions date: 2021 words: 4520 flesch: 67 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62E10, 62E15, 62G30 Key Words and Phrases: Transmuted Distributions, Order Statistics, TX Family, Distribution Function 1. Section 4 contains some examples of general transmuted distributions. keywords: distributions; family cache: ejpam-3892.pdf plain text: ejpam-3892.txt item: #536 of 2048 id: ejpam-3893 author: Boateng, Francis Ohene; Ackora-Prah, Joseph; Barnes, Benedict; Amoah-Mensah, John title: A Finite Difference Fictitious Domain Wavelet Method for Solving Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem date: 2021 words: 5470 flesch: 66 summary: In this paper, we introduce a Finite Difference Fictitious Domain Wavelet Method (FDFDWM) for solving two dimensional (2D) linear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) with Dirichlet boundary conditions on regular geometric domain. In this section we present the results obtained from numerical experiments carried out using the FDFDWM on some linear elliptic PDEs with Dirichlet boundary conditions. keywords: boundary; dirichlet; domain; fdfdwm; problem; solution cache: ejpam-3893.pdf plain text: ejpam-3893.txt item: #537 of 2048 id: ejpam-3895 author: Bidounga, R.; Batsindila Nganga, P. C.; Niéré, L.; Mizère, D. title: A Note on the (Weighted) Bivariate Poisson Distribution date: 2021 words: 4474 flesch: 73 summary: Math, 14 (1) (2021), 192-203 193 Several authors have studied bivariate Poisson distributions, in particular Berkhout & Plug [4] and Lakshminarayana et al. The structure of bivariate Poisson distribution. keywords: distribution; poisson; poisson distribution cache: ejpam-3895.pdf plain text: ejpam-3895.txt item: #538 of 2048 id: ejpam-3898 author: Chandoul, Amara; M. Sibih, Alanod title: Note on Irreducible Polynomials over Finite Field date: 2021 words: 1122 flesch: 67 summary: The situation over Q is much different from the situation over R or C. Over Q, there are many irreducible polynomials of every degree, and determining which polynomials are irreducible is difficult, compared to the real or complex case. This criterion is very nice when it works, but there are many irreducible polynomials to which it does not apply. keywords: deg cache: ejpam-3898.pdf plain text: ejpam-3898.txt item: #539 of 2048 id: ejpam-3900 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Ontolan, Jay; Lobrigas, Maria Rowena title: Explicit Formulas for the First Form (q,r)-Dowling Numbers and (q,r)-Whitney-Lah Numbers date: 2021 words: 4877 flesch: 84 summary: Math, 14 (1) (2021), 65-81 77 = 1 qr+nm ([t]q − [r + nm]q) n∑ k=0 wm,r[n, k]q[t] k q = 1 qr+nm ( n∑ k=0 wm,r[n, k]q[t] k+1 q − n∑ k=0 [r + nm]qwm,r[n, k]q[t] k q ) = 1 qr+nm ( n+1∑ k=0 wm,r[n, k − 1]q[t] k q − n+1∑ k=0 [r + nm]qwm,r[n, k]q[t] k q ) = n+1∑ k=0 1 qr+nm (wm,r[n, k − 1]q − In this paper, a q-analogue of r-Whitney-Lah numbers, also known as (q, r)-Whitney- Lah number, denoted by Lm,r[n, k]q is defined using the triangular recurrence relation. keywords: k]q; numbers; r[n cache: ejpam-3900.pdf plain text: ejpam-3900.txt item: #540 of 2048 id: ejpam-3902 author: Khan, Muhammad Ghaffar; Ahmad, Bakhtiar; Sokol, Janusz; Muhammad, Zubair; Mashwani, Wali Khan; Chinram, Ronnason; Petchkaew, Pattarawan title: Coefficient Problems in a Class of Functions with Bounded Turning Associated with Sine Function date: 2021 words: 3741 flesch: 83 summary: Utilizing (18) and (19), we may get∣∣a3 − ρa22∣∣ = ∣∣∣∣c26 − c21 12 − ρ 16 c21 ∣∣∣∣ . This gives ∣∣a3 − ρa22∣∣ = 1 6 ∣∣∣∣{c2 − (4 + 3ρ 8 ) c21 }∣∣∣∣ . keywords: functions; hankel cache: ejpam-3902.pdf plain text: ejpam-3902.txt item: #541 of 2048 id: ejpam-3903 author: Bade, Rabé; Chaker, Hedia title: Existence of Weak Solution of Navier-Stokes-Fourier System with a New Successive Approximation Method date: 2021 words: 9975 flesch: 85 summary: Wg = ( Zg,D1Z g,D2Z g,D3Z g ) ∈ L∞(0, T ; Hs+1(Ω)20) (31) R. Bade, H. Chaker / Eur. For the second part of the proposition, let us choose a test function test V ∈ V with V = { V ∈ D(Ω)20/Vi+5 = D1Vi, Vi+10 = D2Vi, Vi+15 = D3Vi, for i = 1, 5 } . keywords: c01(ρ̄; i=1; k+1; l)β; solution; system cache: ejpam-3903.pdf plain text: ejpam-3903.txt item: #542 of 2048 id: ejpam-3904 author: Sevilleno, Daven Sapitanan; Jamil, Ferdinand P. title: On Independent Transversal Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2021 words: 6463 flesch: 84 summary: For corona of graphs G ◦H, if H = K1, we write G ◦H = cor(G). On corona of graphs It is worth noting that G ◦H is composed of the joins Hv + v = Hv + 〈v〉, v ∈ V (G), joined together by the edges of G. Thus, V (G ◦H) keywords: dominating; set; transversal cache: ejpam-3904.pdf plain text: ejpam-3904.txt item: #543 of 2048 id: ejpam-3905 author: Mohamed, Alaa Hassan; Abo Quota, Samar Abd-Elbaset title: On the E-infinity Algebras date: 2021 words: 4637 flesch: 70 summary: The exact triangle sequence, M f−→ N −→ Cf −→ ∑ M prompts a triangulation of the derived category, for a map f :M−→ N . The functor, Mod∞A −→ ComcB∞(A),M −→ B∞M exists. keywords: algebra; category; definition; infinity; morphisms cache: ejpam-3905.pdf plain text: ejpam-3905.txt item: #544 of 2048 id: ejpam-3907 author: Nopendri, Nopendri; Muchtadi-Alamsyah, Intan; Suprijanto, Djoko; Barra, Aleams title: Cyclic Codes from a Sequence over Finite Fields date: 2021 words: 3548 flesch: 84 summary: The dimension of cyclic code C can be determined from degree of generator polynomial g. The error-correcting capability of cyclic codes may not be as good as some other linear codes in general. Optimal sets of frequency hopping sequences from linear cyclic codes. keywords: cyclic; mod cache: ejpam-3907.pdf plain text: ejpam-3907.txt item: #545 of 2048 id: ejpam-3911 author: Quindala, Kemuel III; Cuaresma, Diane Carmeliza; Mamplata, Jonathan title: Modeling the Historical Temperature in the Province of Laguna Using Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process date: 2021 words: 5010 flesch: 60 summary: This indicates that increasing in minimum temperature is higher than that of maximum temperature. It has been known that oxygen solubility decreases as temperature increases [19]. keywords: climate; increase; laguna; maximum; minimum; model; temperature cache: ejpam-3911.pdf plain text: ejpam-3911.txt item: #546 of 2048 id: ejpam-3912 author: Alarfeen, Ahmad; Qaralleh, Izzat; Ahmad, Azhana title: Properties of Nilpotent Evolution Algebras with no Maximal Nilindex date: 2021 words: 7693 flesch: 81 summary: = ϕnk = 0, k ≤ n− 2. (44) (65) Finally, taking v′ = e2 + en, we obtain γe1 = γv, βe1 = βv, sen = sv, and ten = tv, for any v ∈ E. REFERENCES 298 Thus, we conclude that local automorphism ψ = (ϕij) has the following form: ϕij =  α2i−1 e1 , i = j > n− 1 γe1 , i = 1, j = n− 1 βe1 , i = 1, j = n ϕ (e1) keywords: algebras; derivation; evolution; n−1 cache: ejpam-3912.pdf plain text: ejpam-3912.txt item: #547 of 2048 id: ejpam-3914 author: Armada, Cris Laquibla title: Forcing Subsets for γ∗ tpw -sets in Graphs date: 2021 words: 10816 flesch: 90 summary: Thus, it is not possible to start with vertex u2 to form Tk for all k ≥ 2, that is, u2 /∈ Clearly, k is a positive integer, k > 1, and k is not constant for any pair of vertices x and y. keywords: γ∗tpw cache: ejpam-3914.pdf plain text: ejpam-3914.txt item: #548 of 2048 id: ejpam-3915 author: Armada, Cris Laquibla title: Forcing Total dr-Power Domination Number of Graphs Under Some Binary Operations date: 2021 words: 4480 flesch: 84 summary: Total dr-power dominating sets in graphs. The following concepts: total dr-power domination [6], forcing domination number of graphs under some binary operations [7], forcing total domination number and forcing connected domination number under the lexicographic product of graphs [8], forcing independent domination number of a graph [4], and A-differential of graphs [3] was studied by Canoy, et al. keywords: γ∗tpw cache: ejpam-3915.pdf plain text: ejpam-3915.txt item: #549 of 2048 id: ejpam-3916 author: Salasalan, Gemma; Canoy, Jr, Sergio title: Global Hop Domination Numbers of Graphs date: 2021 words: 7917 flesch: 91 summary: The Cartesian product of graphs G and H, denoted by G�H, is the graph with vertex set V (G�H) A subset C = ∪x∈S [{x}×Tx] of V (G�H) is a global hop dominating set of G�H if and only if the following conditions hold: (i) keywords: dominating; dominating set; hop; set cache: ejpam-3916.pdf plain text: ejpam-3916.txt item: #550 of 2048 id: ejpam-3920 author: Salihu, Armend; Marevci, Fahri title: Chio’s-like method for calculating the rectangular (non-square) determinants: Computer algorithm interpretation and comparison date: 2021 words: 5929 flesch: 64 summary: REFERENCES 450 In this regard, it has been observed an obvious advantage of the computational speed of rectangular determinants calculation with Algorithm 2.3 compared to Algorithm 1.1. In this paper, we present an approach for the calculation of rectangular determinants, where in addition to the mathematical formula, we also provide a computer algorithm for their calculation. keywords: a12; a13; a21; algorithm; determinant; order; ∣∣∣∣; ∣∣∣∣a11 cache: ejpam-3920.pdf plain text: ejpam-3920.txt item: #551 of 2048 id: ejpam-3928 author: Yurfo, Arnel M.; Adanza, Joel G.; Baldado, Michael Jr. Patula title: On the Spectral-Equipartite Graphs and Eccentricity-Equipartite Graphs date: 2021 words: 3904 flesch: 86 summary: The latest study on equipartite graphs is by Shirdareh Haghighi et al. [9], which characterizes equipartite graphs in terms of their Laplacian spectra. 2. keywords: graph cache: ejpam-3928.pdf plain text: ejpam-3928.txt item: #552 of 2048 id: ejpam-393 author: Ahmed, Tarek Sayed title: On Neat Reducts of Reducts of Cylindric Algebras date: 2010 words: 13772 flesch: 84 summary: Given a structure M and a tuple ā, we often write, with a slight abuse of notation, ā ∈ M instead of ā ∈ mM , where m is the arity of the tuple ā. By (2), choose j ∈ ω ∼ 3 so that Rdd f Rd3C j, j+m+n−4 is a non-representable Df3. keywords: ahmed; algebras; class; cylindric; finite; logic cache: ejpam-393.pdf plain text: ejpam-393.txt item: #553 of 2048 id: ejpam-3931 author: Kehayopulu, Niovi title: Bi-interior Ideal Elements in ∧e-semigroups date: 2021 words: 4676 flesch: 85 summary: If S is a ∧e-semigroup and b, t ∈ S such that tet∧ ete ≤ b ≤ t, then b is a bi-interior ideal element of S. (2) If S is an ∧e-semigroup and semilattice under ∨ at the same time and b, t ∈ S such that tet ∨ ete ≤ b ≤ t, then b is a bi-interior ideal element of S. Proof. We also have b ≤ beb ≤ (beb)e(beb) ≤ (be)(eb) and so b = (be)(eb). keywords: element; ideal cache: ejpam-3931.pdf plain text: ejpam-3931.txt item: #554 of 2048 id: ejpam-3932 author: Bonazebi-Yindoula, Joseph title: Laplace-SBA Method for Solving Nonlinear Coupled Burger's Equations date: 2021 words: 5278 flesch: 91 summary: = sinx+ L−1t ( 1 sLt ( ∂2v(x, t) ∂x2 )) + L−1t ( 1 sLt (N2 (u(x, t)v(x, t))) ) (23) J. B. Yindoula / Eur. = sinx+ L−1t ( 1 sLt ( ∂2uk(x, t) ∂x2 )) + L−1t ( 1 sLt ( N1 ( uk−1(x, t)vk−1(x, t) ))) vk(x, t) keywords: l−1 t; u(x cache: ejpam-3932.pdf plain text: ejpam-3932.txt item: #555 of 2048 id: ejpam-3941 author: Alzumi, Hala; Kalantan, Lutfi; Saeed, Maha Mohammed title: Results on C2-paracompactness date: 2021 words: 3358 flesch: 77 summary: Let Y and Y ′ be T2 paracompact spaces, f : X −→ Y and f ′ : A C-paracompact is a topological space X associated with a paracompact space Y and a bijective function f : X −→ Y satisfying that f �A: A −→ f(A) is a homeomorphism for each compact subspace keywords: paracompact; space cache: ejpam-3941.pdf plain text: ejpam-3941.txt item: #556 of 2048 id: ejpam-3942 author: Aliyev, Samed Jahangir; Aghazade, Shahin M.; Abdullayeva, Goncha Z. title: Using Area Method in Secondary School Geometry date: 2021 words: 1973 flesch: 71 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 97G10, 97G30, 97G40 Key Words and Phrases: Area method, additive property of area, excircles of a triangle, addition formula. Lets give some examples which illustrate the use of area method. keywords: area; method; triangle cache: ejpam-3942.pdf plain text: ejpam-3942.txt item: #557 of 2048 id: ejpam-3947 author: Mina, Renz Jimwel Silva; Bacani, Jerico Bravo title: On the Solutions of the Diophantine Equation $p^x +(p+4k)^y=z^2$ for Prime Pairs $p$ and $p+4k$ date: 2021 words: 4144 flesch: 89 summary: Lastly, we study the solutions of Diophantine equations of the form px + (p+ 4k)y = z2, k ≥ 2 (3) where p and p+ 4k are both primes. Acu, Burshtein, Dockan, Neres, Rabago, Sroysang, and Suvarnamani are among the mathematicians who studied Diophantine equations of the form ax + by = z2 (cf. keywords: equation cache: ejpam-3947.pdf plain text: ejpam-3947.txt item: #558 of 2048 id: ejpam-3948 author: Gayo, Jr., William Sobredo; Bacani, Jerico Bravo title: On the Diophantine Equation Mp^x + (Mq + 1)^y = z^2 date: 2021 words: 3288 flesch: 84 summary: On the number of solutions of Diophantine equations x2−D = pn. More on Diophantine equations of type px + qy = z2. keywords: equation cache: ejpam-3948.pdf plain text: ejpam-3948.txt item: #559 of 2048 id: ejpam-3949 author: Corcino, Cristina Bordaje; Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa title: Translated Logarithmic Lambert Function and its Applications to Three-Parameter Entropy date: 2021 words: 4435 flesch: 82 summary: Then y = W ( xe C A+1 A+ 1 ) − C A+ 1 + u(x) (20) = W ( xe C A+1 A+ 1 )1− C A+1 W ( xe C A+1 A+1 ) + u(x) W ( xe C A+1 A+1 )  , (21) C. Corcino, R. Corcino / Eur. In this paper another variation of Lambert W function called the translated logarithmic Lambert function will be introduced. keywords: a+1 cache: ejpam-3949.pdf plain text: ejpam-3949.txt item: #560 of 2048 id: ejpam-3950 author: Seddiki, Fakhruddeen; Al-horani, Mohammad; Khalil, Roshdi Rashid title: Finite Rank Solution for Conformable Degenerate First-Order Abstract Cauchy Problem in Hilbert Spaces date: 2021 words: 3874 flesch: 85 summary: [15] M. Abu Hammad, R. Khalil, Conformable fractional Heat differential equation, In- ternational Journal of pure and applied mathematics 94(2):215- 221, (2014). [22] M. Al Horani, M. Fabrizio, A. Favini, and H. Tanabe, Fractional Cauchy problems for infnite interval case, Discrete Continuous Dynamical Systems-S, 3(12):3285, (2020). keywords: i=1; problem;  cache: ejpam-3950.pdf plain text: ejpam-3950.txt item: #561 of 2048 id: ejpam-3951 author: Mallam, Hassane Abba; Moutari, Natatou Dodo; Diakarya, Barro; Bisso, Saley title: Extremal Copulas and Tail Dependence in Modeling Stochastic Financial Risk date: 2021 words: 8309 flesch: 77 summary: C of the random vector U = [F1(X1), ..., Fn(Xn)]. ;Xn is a sequence of random variables with common distribution F , then the excess variable {Yj = Xj − u/Xj > u}; Nu = card{k/Xk > u} which is governed by the law Fu (conditional distribution of the unknown continuous distribution function F with respect to the threshold u), converges asymptotically towards a non-degenerate law. keywords: copula; dependence; function; f−1; tail; uh+1 cache: ejpam-3951.pdf plain text: ejpam-3951.txt item: #562 of 2048 id: ejpam-3952 author: Punpim, Jiramate; Jitman, Somphong title: Characterizations and Identities for Isosceles Triangular Numbers date: 2021 words: 5924 flesch: 79 summary: − 2l2 − 2nl + 2l − 2l − 2 2 ) = l ( n2 + n2(n2 − 1)l 2 ) − (2n2 − 2n + 1) ( 2(l + l(l − 1)(n− 1) 2 )− l − 1 ) = lT (n2, l)− (2n2 − 2n + 1)(2T (l, n− 1)− (l + 1)). Then N = n + n(n− 1)l 2 for some positive integer n. It follows that rN + s = (2l + 1)2 ( n + n(n− 1)l 2 ) + l3 − 3l2 + 4 2 = n2l(2l + 1)2 + (2− l)n(2l + 1)2 + l3 − 3l2 + 4 2 = 4l3n2 + 4l2n2 + ln2 + 8l2n + 8ln + 2n− 4l3n− 4l2n− ln + l3 − 3l2 + 4 2 = (4l3 + 4l2 + l)n2 − (4l3 − 4l2 − 7l − 2)n + (l3 − 3l2 + 4) 2 = l ( (4l2 + 4l + 1)n2 − (4l2 − 6l − 4)n + (l2 − 4l + 4) ) − (l − 2) ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2)) 2 = l ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2))2 − (l − 2) ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2)) 2 = 2 ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2)) + l ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2))2 − l ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2)) 2 = ((2l + 1)n− (l − 2)) keywords: triangular cache: ejpam-3952.pdf plain text: ejpam-3952.txt item: #563 of 2048 id: ejpam-3953 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa title: Hankel Transform of the First Form (q,r)-Dowling Numbers date: 2021 words: 3586 flesch: 89 summary: Then Vr,q (xn) = n∑ k=0 W ∗m,r[n, k]qVr,q (〈x〉r,m,k) = n∑ k=0 W ∗m,r[n, k]qq rk+m(k2)Vr,q (〈〈x〉〉r,m,k) = n∑ k=0 W ∗m,r[n, k]qq rk+m(k2)xk = Φn[x, r,m]q Consider the polynomial gn,q(x, a, r,m) = n∑ k=0 (−a)kq( k 2) Wm,r(n, k), where n is a nonnegative integer and the parameters m and r may be real or complex numbers. keywords: q(x cache: ejpam-3953.pdf plain text: ejpam-3953.txt item: #564 of 2048 id: ejpam-3955 author: Maglanque, Hearty Nuenay; Jamil, Ferdinand P. title: Minimal and Upper Cost Effective Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 5809 flesch: 88 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: cost effective dominating set, minimal cost effective dominating set, minimal cost effective domination number, upper cost effective domination number 1. . , v2k−1, v2k+1} are minimal cost effective dominating sets in Pn for j = 0 and j = 1, respectively, we have γmce(Pn) keywords: cost; dominating; set cache: ejpam-3955.pdf plain text: ejpam-3955.txt item: #565 of 2048 id: ejpam-3966 author: Albaracin, Jimboy Ruben; Vilela, Jocelyn P. title: Inverse Limit of an Inverse System of BE-algebras date: 2021 words: 3977 flesch: 87 summary: if: (F1) 1X ∈ F ; and (F2) x ∗ y ∈ F and x ∈ F imply y ∈ F . If I is the family of all normal filters of X such that X/F is finite for all F ∈ I, then we call the inverse limit of the inverse system {X/F,ϕFG, I} the normal completion of X. Example 1. keywords: inverse cache: ejpam-3966.pdf plain text: ejpam-3966.txt item: #566 of 2048 id: ejpam-3967 author: Bent-Usman, Wardah Masanggila; Isla, Rowena T. title: On k-Fair Total Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 5080 flesch: 85 summary: The Cartesian product of two graphs G and H, denoted by G�H, is the graph with vertex-set V (G�H) Then C1 = S1 × V (H) and C2 = V (G)× S2 are kftd-sets in G�H if and only if S1 and S2 are kfd-sets in G and H, respectively. keywords: set cache: ejpam-3967.pdf plain text: ejpam-3967.txt item: #567 of 2048 id: ejpam-3970 author: Panganduyon, Michelle; Canoy Jr., Sergio Rosales; Davvaz, Bijan title: A Topology on a Hyper BCI-algebra Generated by a Hyper-order date: 2021 words: 4925 flesch: 87 summary: = ⋂ a∈A LH({a}) (v) If x ∈ H, then x ∈ LH({x}). Then y � x and y ∈ K. Since H is ordered, y � a for all a ∈ A. Hence, y ∈ LH(A) ∩ K showing that LH(x) ∩ K ⊆ LH(A) ∩ K. Consequently,⋃ x∈LH(A)∩K (LH(x) ∩K) ⊆ LH(A) ∩K. Next, let z ∈ LH(A)∩K. By Proposition 1(v), z ∈ LH(z). keywords: hyper; lh(a cache: ejpam-3970.pdf plain text: ejpam-3970.txt item: #568 of 2048 id: ejpam-3971 author: Alshehri, Halimah Abdulrahman title: Fuzzy Translation and Fuzzy multiplication in BRK-algebras date: 2021 words: 3162 flesch: 85 summary: In [2,3], Elgendy introduced fuzzy BRK-ideal of BRK-algebra and cubic BRK-ideal of BRK- algebra. [0, 1] is said to be a fuzzy magnified-αβ-translation of µ. Assume µ is fuzzy BRK-ideal of X. Then µ(0 ∗ x) ≥ min{µ(0 ∗ (x ∗ y)), µ(0 ∗ y)} keywords: brk cache: ejpam-3971.pdf plain text: ejpam-3971.txt item: #569 of 2048 id: ejpam-3972 author: Liu, Yonghong title: Group and Cipher in Wormhole and Quantum Entanglement date: 2021 words: 4448 flesch: 77 summary: = (1 • y) • x = y • x for all x, y ∈ G. Definition 3. [7] A BCL+ algebra is a triple (X; •, 1), where X is a nonempty set, • is a binary operation on X, and 1 ∈ X is an element such that the following three axioms hold for any x, y, z ∈ X. (BCL+1) x • x = 1. (BCL+2) x • y = 1 and y • x = 1 imply x = y. (BCL+3) ((x • y) • z) • ((x • z) • y) keywords: key; wcs cache: ejpam-3972.pdf plain text: ejpam-3972.txt item: #570 of 2048 id: ejpam-3975 author: Rakim, Raicah Cayongcat; Rara, Helen M title: Total Perfect Hop Domination in Graphs Under Some Binary Operations date: 2021 words: 7529 flesch: 88 summary: In the next section, we introduce total perfect hop dominating set and explore some of its properties. Let S = A∪ ( ⋃ v∈V (G) Sv) be a minimum total perfect hop dominating set of G ◦H. By Theorem 4.2, A is a γ∗pt1,2 -set of G and (ii) and (iii) hold. keywords: dominating; dominating set; hop; set cache: ejpam-3975.pdf plain text: ejpam-3975.txt item: #571 of 2048 id: ejpam-3976 author: Corcino, Cristina Bordaje title: Asymptotic Approximations of Apostol-Genocchi Numbers and Polynomials date: 2021 words: 4974 flesch: 84 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B68, 41A60 Key Words and Phrases: Asymptotic approximations, Genocchi polynomials, Bernoulli poly- nomials, Euler polynomials, Apostol-Bernoulli polynomials, Apostol-Euler polynomials, Apostol- Genocchi polynomials 1. [2] A. Bayad, Fourier expansions for Apostol-Bernoulli, Apostol- Euler and Apostol- Genocchi polynomials, Math Comp., 80 (2011), 2219–2221. keywords: apostol; polynomials cache: ejpam-3976.pdf plain text: ejpam-3976.txt item: #572 of 2048 id: ejpam-3977 author: Cabaro, Jean Mansanadez; Rara, Helen title: On 2-Resolving Sets in the Join and Corona of Graphs date: 2021 words: 4687 flesch: 88 summary: Conversely, let S = V (Kn) and x ∈ V (K1). x, y ∈ S By Remark 3, rK1+G(x/S) and rK1+G(y/S) differ in at least 2 positions, the xth and yth positions. keywords: resolving; set cache: ejpam-3977.pdf plain text: ejpam-3977.txt item: #573 of 2048 id: ejpam-3978 author: Sharifov, Yagub; Zamanova, S.A.; Sardarova, R.A. title: Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for the Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations with Two-point and Integral Boundary Conditions date: 2021 words: 3245 flesch: 73 summary: Fractional boundary value problems with integral boundary conditions. Engineers and scientists have developed some new models that involve fractional differential equations for which the Riemann Liouville derivative is not considered appropriate. keywords: fractional cache: ejpam-3978.pdf plain text: ejpam-3978.txt item: #574 of 2048 id: ejpam-3979 author: Al-Mutairi, Tahani; Al-shomrani, Mohammed Mosa title: An Application of Finite Groups to Hopf algebras date: 2021 words: 4853 flesch: 87 summary: Math, 14 (3) (2021), 816-828 826 Finally, to show that (H, µ, λ,∆, ε, S) is an R-Hopf algebra, we define the antipode map S : H 7−→ H, for all g ∈ G, by S(g) = g−1 [8] A semisimple Hopf algebra H is nilpotent if the ascending central series K ⊆ Z1 ⊆ Z2 ⊆ .... satisfies Zm = H for some m > 1. keywords: algebra; group; hopf cache: ejpam-3979.pdf plain text: ejpam-3979.txt item: #575 of 2048 id: ejpam-3980 author: Sayed, Abdelhamied Farrag title: A View on Connectedness and Compactness in Fuzzy Soft Bitopological Spaces date: 2021 words: 5959 flesch: 81 summary: Fuzzy soft set in topological space further studied by Roy [27]. [27] A fuzzy soft topology τ over (X,E) is a family of fuzzy soft sets over (X,E) satisfying the following properties: (i) 0̃E , 1̃E ∈ τ , (ii) if fA, gB ∈ τ, then fA∩̃gB ∈ τ , (iii) if fAα ∈τ for all α ∈ ∆ an index set, then ⋃̃ α∈∆fAα ∈ τ. keywords: sets cache: ejpam-3980.pdf plain text: ejpam-3980.txt item: #576 of 2048 id: ejpam-3985 author: Monsanto, Gerald Bacon; Rara, Helen M. title: Resolving Restrained Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 6596 flesch: 83 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Dominating set, resolving set, resolving dominating set, resolving restrained dominating set, join, corona, lexicographic product 1. The strictly resolving dominating number of G, denoted by γSR(G), is the smallest cardinality of a strictly resolving dominating set of G. A strictly resolving dominating set of G of cardinality γSR(G) is referred to as γSR-set of G. Let G = (V (G), E(G)) be a graph. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-3985.pdf plain text: ejpam-3985.txt item: #577 of 2048 id: ejpam-3986 author: Waphare, Balasaheb Bhagaji; Sindhe, Yashoda S. title: Bessel type transform associated with Titchmarsh’s Theorem date: 2021 words: 1330 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 42A38, 42B37 Key Words and Phrases: Bessel operator, Bessel transform, Bessel generalized translation 1. i.e. ja−b−1 2 (t) = 2 a−b−1 2 Γ ( a−b+1 2 ) Ja−b−1 2 (t) t a−b−1 2 , where Jν is Bessel function of the first kind with ν = a−b−1 2 and Γ(x) is the Gamma function (see [1]). keywords: bessel; transform cache: ejpam-3986.pdf plain text: ejpam-3986.txt item: #578 of 2048 id: ejpam-3987 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: The Double Laplace Transform Expressed in terms of the Lerch Transcendent date: 2021 words: 6256 flesch: 80 summary: Introduction In this paper we derive the double Laplace transform given by (1) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 xp−1yn−p−1 logk ( bx y ) e−(sx)n−(ty)ndxdy where the parameters a, k s and t are general complex numbers, n > Re(p) and Re(p) > 0. ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 xp−1yn−p−1e−x n−yn log ( x y ) dxdy = − π2 cot (πp n ) csc (πp n ) keywords: log; ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-3987.pdf plain text: ejpam-3987.txt item: #579 of 2048 id: ejpam-3991 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Note on a Stieltjes Transform in terms of the Lerch Function date: 2021 words: 3816 flesch: 79 summary: x−p2x3 1 4π log ( p2+q2 p2 ) x tan−1(bx) (a2+x2)2 πb 4a(ab+1) log(β+µx2) γ+x2 π log( √ β+ √ γ √ µ)√ γ log(a2+b2x2) c2+g2x2 π log ( ag+bc g ) cg log(a2+b2x2) c2−g2x2 − iπ log ( − i(bc+iag) − log ( q2x2 + 1 ) γ + x2 dx keywords: log cache: ejpam-3991.pdf plain text: ejpam-3991.txt item: #580 of 2048 id: ejpam-3996 author: Jacobe, Danilo Oppus; Vilela, Jocelyn P. title: Introduction to Neutrosophic B-algebras date: 2021 words: 4720 flesch: 81 summary: = y ∗ x; (v) x Since S is a subalgebra of X, a∗c, a∗d, b ∗ c, b ∗ d ∈ S so that (a ∗ d∧ b ∗ c)∧ b ∗ d ∈ S. keywords: neutrosophic cache: ejpam-3996.pdf plain text: ejpam-3996.txt item: #581 of 2048 id: ejpam-3998 author: Ahmad, Eman Camad; Malacas, Gina Alquiza; Canoy, Sergio Jr. Rosales title: Stable Locating-Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2021 words: 6638 flesch: 83 summary: A set S is a stable locating-dominating set of G+H if and only if S = SG ∪ SH and SG and SH are stable locating sets of G and H, respectively, and at least one of them is a stable strictly locating set or both of them are strictly locating sets. Therefore, SG is a strictly locating set of G. Similarly, SH is a strictly locating set of H. Conversely, suppose that S = SG∪SH and SG and SH are stable locating sets of G and H, respectively, such that at least one of them is a stable strictly locating set or both of them are strictly locating sets. keywords: dominating; dominating set; locating; locating set; set cache: ejpam-3998.pdf plain text: ejpam-3998.txt item: #582 of 2048 id: ejpam-4003 author: Prasertsang, Torsak; Prasertsang, Patarawadee title: Note on (i, j) − mX − β−Exterior Sets in Biminimal 3 Structure Spaces date: 2021 words: 3348 flesch: 83 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 22A05, 22A15 Key Words and Phrases: Exterior sets, Biminimal structure spaces, (i, j) −mX − β−exterior sets,(i, j)−mX − β−closed sets,(i, j)−mX − β−open sets 1. Biminimal structure space has been of wide interest in studying in Topology. keywords: biminimal; mij; structure cache: ejpam-4003.pdf plain text: ejpam-4003.txt item: #583 of 2048 id: ejpam-4005 author: Thianwan, Tanakit title: Mixed Type Algorithms for Asymptotically Nonexpansive Mappings in Hyperbolic Spaces date: 2021 words: 5626 flesch: 83 summary: Fixed point iterations of nonexpansive mappings. Iteration processes for nonexpansive mappings. keywords: nonexpansive; n→∞ cache: ejpam-4005.pdf plain text: ejpam-4005.txt item: #584 of 2048 id: ejpam-4006 author: Bupasiri, Sudprathai title: On the Operator ⊕k,m Related to the Wave Equation and Laplacian date: 2021 words: 4464 flesch: 83 summary: Thus, equation (7) can be written as ⊕km = ( � +m2 )k (4+m2 )k ( L1 +m2 )k ( L2 +m2 )k = ( L2 +m2 )k ( L1 +m2 )k (4+m2 )k ( � +m2 )k (15) and from (7) with q = m = 0 and k = 1, we obtain Laplace operator of p-dimension ⊕0 = 44 p, where 4p = ∂2 ∂x21 + ∂2 ∂x22 + · · ·+ ∂2 ∂x2p . At first we study the fundamental solution of the operator ⊕k m and after that, we apply such the fundamental solution to solve for the solution of the equation ⊕k mu(x) = f(x), where f(x) is generalized function and u(x) is unknown function for x ∈ Rn. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 46F10 Key Words and Phrases: Wave equation, Laplace operator, Ultra-hyperbolic operator 1. keywords: operator cache: ejpam-4006.pdf plain text: ejpam-4006.txt item: #585 of 2048 id: ejpam-4014 author: Yaro, Rasmane; Abbo, Bakari; Francis, Bassono; Pare, Youssouf title: Comparison of the Adomian Decomposition Method and Regular Perturbation Method on Nonlinear Equations Second Kind of Volterra date: 2021 words: 3051 flesch: 83 summary: = √ x ϕ1(x) = −16 15εx 2√x+ ε ∫ x 0 A0(t)√ x− t dt ... ϕn(x) = √ x ϕ1(x) = −16 15 εx2 √ x+ ε ∫ x 0 A0(t)√ x− t dt = −16 15 εx2 √ x+ 16 15 εx2 √ x = 0 ϕ2(x) = ε ∫ x 0 A1(t)√ x− t dt = ε ∫ x 0 4ϕ3 0 (t)ϕ1(t)√ x− t dt = 0 ϕ3(x) keywords: n≥0 cache: ejpam-4014.pdf plain text: ejpam-4014.txt item: #586 of 2048 id: ejpam-4015 author: Bilal, Muhammad; Khan, Asif R. title: New Generalized Hermite−Hadamard Type Inequalities for p−convex Functions in the Mixed Kind date: 2021 words: 5532 flesch: 85 summary: Here, we are going to introduce some new types of p−convex function, which we call as quasi p−convex function and P − p−convex function respectively. (v) If we choose r = 1 and s = 0 in (2), we get P − p−convex function. keywords: t)bp]1−; tap cache: ejpam-4015.pdf plain text: ejpam-4015.txt item: #587 of 2048 id: ejpam-4016 author: Issenova, Akkenzhe; Tasmambetov, Zhaksylyk; Rajabov, Nusrat title: On General Properties of Degenerate Systems of Second Order Partial Differential Equations of Hypergeometric Type date: 2021 words: 8530 flesch: 70 summary: Peculiarities of building the solution of Horn type system consisting of equations. Especially, it is little known about related systems with Whittaker type system. keywords: solutions; system; variables cache: ejpam-4016.pdf plain text: ejpam-4016.txt item: #588 of 2048 id: ejpam-4017 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Definite Integral of Power and Algebraic Functions in terms of the Lerch Function date: 2021 words: 2684 flesch: 77 summary: − iπ logk(a) Table of Definite Integrals In this section we use Eq (9) to derive a Table of definite integrals in terms of funda- mental constants and special functions. The additional Contour Integral Using Eq (2) and replacing y by using log(a) and multiply by πi to get (8) iπ logk(a) k! = 1 2πi ∫ C iπaww−k−1dw R. Reynolds, A. Stauffer / Eur. keywords: bx bx+1; bx+1; log cache: ejpam-4017.pdf plain text: ejpam-4017.txt item: #589 of 2048 id: ejpam-4021 author: Ahsanullah, TMG; Al-Thukair, Fawzi title: On the Aspects of Enriched Lattice-valued Topological Groups and Closure of Lattice-valued Subgroups date: 2021 words: 9715 flesch: 84 summary: For (LG2), consider x, y ∈ G with x 6= e and y 6= e, then µ(x) ∗ µ(y) Now let x, y ∈ G and µ ∈ LH . keywords: category; closure; group; subgroup cache: ejpam-4021.pdf plain text: ejpam-4021.txt item: #590 of 2048 id: ejpam-4028 author: Sayed, Abdelhamied Farrag; Alahmari, Abdullah title: Some New Results of Fixed Point in Fuzzy Soft G-metric Spaces date: 2021 words: 7251 flesch: 87 summary: [25] defined the notions of some mappings and proved several fixed point theorems in fuzzy soft metric spaces. On fuzzy soft metric spaces. keywords: fe2; fe3; fuzzy; gen+1; g̃(fe; g̃(gen+1; t fe; t gen+1 cache: ejpam-4028.pdf plain text: ejpam-4028.txt item: #591 of 2048 id: ejpam-4029 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Definite integral of a hyperbolic quotient function expressed in terms of the Lerch function date: 2021 words: 4419 flesch: 82 summary: Use equation (21) and set m = β = 1 and simplify. Next using equation (2) and replace y by log(a), k by k − 1 and multiply both sides by − iπ 2c2 and simplifying to get R. Reynolds, A. Stauffer / Eur. keywords: equation; use cache: ejpam-4029.pdf plain text: ejpam-4029.txt item: #592 of 2048 id: ejpam-4030 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Note on the Definite Integral of the Lerch Function date: 2021 words: 4587 flesch: 78 summary: = − log(2) (13) Proof. This transform is then used to derive definite integrals in terms of fundamental constants, elementary and special functions. keywords: equation cache: ejpam-4030.pdf plain text: ejpam-4030.txt item: #593 of 2048 id: ejpam-4031 author: Saeed, Abdulkafi Mohammed; AL-harbi, Najah Mohammad title: Group Splitting with SOR/AOR Methods for Solving Boundary Value Problems: A Computational Comparison date: 2021 words: 3616 flesch: 70 summary: (5) If we use the standard five-point approximation scheme, SOR iterative method can be written as equations (5) This paper is concerned with the application of a suitable Explicit Group (EG) iterative method for solving EPDEs. keywords: iterative; matrix; method; point cache: ejpam-4031.pdf plain text: ejpam-4031.txt item: #594 of 2048 id: ejpam-4034 author: Khan, Waheed Ahmad; Taouti, Abdelghani; Salami, Azar; Hussain, Zahid title: On Gamma LA-Rings and Gamma LA-Semirings date: 2021 words: 6040 flesch: 92 summary: Here we introduce the notion of weakly prime ideal in Γ-LA-rings. So I is a weakly prime ideal of R because every prime ideal is weakly prime ideal. keywords: ideal; prime cache: ejpam-4034.pdf plain text: ejpam-4034.txt item: #595 of 2048 id: ejpam-4036 author: Heliel, A. A.; Hijazi, R. A.; Al-Shammari, S. M. title: Finite Groups with Minimal CSS-subgroups date: 2021 words: 6816 flesch: 83 summary: In [17], Shaalan proved that a group G is supersolvable if all subgroups of prime order p or of order 4 (if p = 2) of G are S-quasinormal in G. Later on, Wang Then G ∈ F if and only if G has a normal subgroup H such that G/H ∈ F and every subgroup of F ∗(H) of prime order p or of order 4 (if p = 2) is SS-quasinormal in G, where F ∗(H) is the generalized Fitting subgroup of H. Also, Wei et al. in [21] used the c-normality concept and obtained the same previous result. keywords: order; subgroup cache: ejpam-4036.pdf plain text: ejpam-4036.txt item: #596 of 2048 id: ejpam-4043 author: Singh, Jagbir; Mor, Prateek; ., Shikha; ., Meena title: Quantum Codes Obtained through Constacyclic Codes over Z3 + νZ3 + ωZ3 + νωZ3 date: 2021 words: 6654 flesch: 91 summary: Some authors constructed quantum codes using the Gray image of cyclic codes on some finite rings. For example, a new technique of constructing quantum codes from cyclic codes over finite ring F2 + vF2 where v2 = v given by Qian keywords: code cache: ejpam-4043.pdf plain text: ejpam-4043.txt item: #597 of 2048 id: ejpam-4055 author: Mohamad, Jerson Saguin; Rara, Helen M. title: On Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 4430 flesch: 84 summary: Then W ⊆ V (G◦H) is a resolving set of G ◦H if and only if W ∩ V (Hv) 6= Then W ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a resolving hop dominating set of G ◦H if and only if W ∩ V (Hv) 6= ∅ for every v ∈ V (G) and W = A ∪B ∪D where A ⊆ V (G), B = ∪ {Bv : v ∈ V (G) ∩NG(A) and Bv is a locating set of Hv} and D = ∪ {Du : u ∈ V (G) \NG(A) and Du is a strictly locating set of Hu} . keywords: set cache: ejpam-4055.pdf plain text: ejpam-4055.txt item: #598 of 2048 id: ejpam-4060 author: Tutanes, Lezel Mernilo title: On ψgs-closed Sets in Bitopological Spaces date: 2021 words: 3578 flesch: 87 summary: In 2000, the concepts between closed sets and g-closed sets in topological spaces were studied in [10] and a few years later, the same author [11] studied ψ- closed sets in topological spaces. Every τi closed set is (i, j)-ψgs-closed set. keywords: open; set; sets cache: ejpam-4060.pdf plain text: ejpam-4060.txt item: #599 of 2048 id: ejpam-4061 author: Alghamdi, Nadiah; Kalantan, Lutfi Nooruddin title: New Topologies between the Usual Topology and the Half-disc date: 2021 words: 3395 flesch: 85 summary: ⟨a, b⟩• ⟨a, b⟩ ∈ K, Ur(⟨a, b⟩) ⟨a, 0⟩ •◦ ◦ ⟨a, 0⟩ ∈ L, Ur(⟨a, 0⟩) ⟨a, 0⟩ •◦ ◦ ⟨a, 0⟩ ∈ L, Cr(⟨a, 0⟩) 1. ⊆ D if ⟨u, 0⟩ ∈ A or Cδ′(⟨u, 0⟩) ⊆ D, if ⟨u, 0⟩ ∈ L \ A. keywords: space; uah cache: ejpam-4061.pdf plain text: ejpam-4061.txt item: #600 of 2048 id: ejpam-4063 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Definite Integral of Logarithmic Trigonometric Functions Expressed in terms of the Incomplete Gamma Function date: 2021 words: 3907 flesch: 79 summary: Then we replace k with k − 1 to get 2k−1πk ( i a )k−1 csc(t)e im(π−t) a ( Φ ( e 2imπ a , 1− k, −t−ia log(α)+π 2π ) − Φ ( e− 2imπ a ,−k, t+ π 2π )) + e 2iπm a ( akΦ ( e 2imπ a , 1− k, π − t 2π ) + 2iπmΦ ( e 2imπ a ,−k, π − t 2π )) keywords: 2imπ cache: ejpam-4063.pdf plain text: ejpam-4063.txt item: #601 of 2048 id: ejpam-4064 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Definite Integral of Exponential Polynomial and Hyperbolic Function in terms of the Incomplete Gamma Function date: 2021 words: 2817 flesch: 78 summary: Use equation (14) and set k = 0 and simplify. Use equation (14) and set a = 1 and simplify. keywords: equation; integral cache: ejpam-4064.pdf plain text: ejpam-4064.txt item: #602 of 2048 id: ejpam-4065 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Definite Integral of Logarithmic Power and Square Root Algebraic Functions Expressed in terms of the Lerch Function date: 2021 words: 2602 flesch: 76 summary: Conclusion In this paper, we have derived a method for expressing definite integrals in terms of Special functions using our contour integration method. Definite integral in terms of the Lerch function Theorem 1. keywords: log cache: ejpam-4065.pdf plain text: ejpam-4065.txt item: #603 of 2048 id: ejpam-4066 author: Prasertsang, Patarawadee; Sattaso, Supaknaree; Nonlaopon, Kamsing; Kim, Hwajoon title: Analytical Study for Certain Ordinary Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients via Gα-Transform date: 2021 words: 5877 flesch: 78 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 34A25, 34A26, 44A05 Key Words and Phrases: Laplace transform, Sumudu transform, Elzaki transform, Gα-transform, Ordinary differential equation 1. In 2010, H. Eltayeb and A. Kilicman [14] introduced some relationships between Sumudu transform and Laplace transform. keywords: differential; equations; laplace; sumudu; transform cache: ejpam-4066.pdf plain text: ejpam-4066.txt item: #604 of 2048 id: ejpam-4069 author: Nanding, Sandra Abo; Rara, Helen title: On Connected Co-Independent Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 4752 flesch: 82 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Connected co-independent hop dominating set, connected co-independent hop domination number, strictly co-independent set, strictly co-independent number, join, corona, lexicographic product 1. Math, 14 (4) (2021), 1226-1236 1227 of connected co-independent hop domination in graphs. keywords: dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4069.pdf plain text: ejpam-4069.txt item: #605 of 2048 id: ejpam-4071 author: Rashwan, Rashwan A; AlFran, Howida Adel; Fangary, Asmaa; Omran, Saleh title: Chatterjee and Extension of Chatterjee Fixed Point Theorems on Operators on Hilbert C*-Modules date: 2021 words: 4118 flesch: 87 summary: Since M ∈ (l(E))̀+ with ∥M 2 ∥l(E) ⪯ 1 2 , one have (Il(E) − M 2 ) −1 ∈ (l(E))̀+, and furthermore M 2 (Il(E) − M 2 ) −1 ∈ (l(E))̀+ with ∥M 2 (Il(E) − M 2 ) −1∥l(E) ≤ 1 . Math, 14 (4) (2021), 1237-1248 1246 ∥xn+1 − xm∥l(E) ⪯ ∥xn+1 − xn∥l(E) + keywords: l(e cache: ejpam-4071.pdf plain text: ejpam-4071.txt item: #606 of 2048 id: ejpam-4072 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Viriyapong, Chokchai title: Upper and Lower almost Weak (Ï„1, Ï„2)-continuity date: 2021 words: 5670 flesch: 86 summary: Preliminaries Throughout the present paper, spaces (X, τ1, τ2) and (Y, σ1, σ2) (or simply X and Y ) always mean bitopological spaces on which no separation axioms are assumed unless explicitly stated. A subset A of a bitopological space (X, τ1, τ2) is called τ1τ2-semi-open [5] (resp. keywords: σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-4072.pdf plain text: ejpam-4072.txt item: #607 of 2048 id: ejpam-4082 author: Bandpey, Zeinab; Tannouri, Ahlam; Brown, Isabelle Kemajou; Nkwanta, Asamoah title: Developing Just-In-Time and Network Flow Models For Urban Snow Removal Problem date: 2021 words: 6348 flesch: 66 summary: The research implemented in [2] covers how route assignments can improve the efficiency of snow removal problem. In urban areas, there is a critical need for efficient methods for snow removal while considering the impact on the transportation infrastructure of a city. keywords: cost; flow; jit; l ≤; problem; removal; snow; time; transportation; truck; xijl cache: ejpam-4082.pdf plain text: ejpam-4082.txt item: #608 of 2048 id: ejpam-4086 author: Hirsch, Morris W; Robbin, Joel W. title: On Eigenvectors of Nilpotent Lie Algebras of Linear Operators date: 2021 words: 1406 flesch: 72 summary: If πA is a prime power in f [t] for each A ∈≫ then the following hold: (a) πA(t) = (t− rA) n, rA ∈ f (b) there is a basis putting ≫ in triangular form Assertion (a) is equivalent to πA having a root rA ∈ f . Assume that for all A ∈ there exists rA ∈ f such that πA(t) keywords: lie; theorem cache: ejpam-4086.pdf plain text: ejpam-4086.txt item: #609 of 2048 id: ejpam-4101 author: Bupasiri, Sudprathai title: On the Fourier Transform Related to the Diamond Klein - Gordon Kernel date: 2021 words: 5603 flesch: 85 summary: Since 1[( (ξ21 + ξ22 + · · ·+ ξ2p) 2 + m2 2 )2 − ( (ξ2p+1 + ξ2p+2 + · · ·+ ξ2p+q) 2 − m2 2 )2] = 1[ (ξ21 + ξ22 + · · ·+ ξ2p) 2 + (ξ2p+1 + ξ2p+2 + · · ·+ ξ2p+q) 2 ] × 1[ (ξ21 + ξ22 + · · ·+ ξ2n)(ξ 2 1 + ξ22 + · · ·+ ξ2p − ξ2p+1 − · · · − ξ2p+q) +m2 ] . − m2 2 )2]k × (2π)n/2 (2π)n/2 [( (ξ21 + ξ22 + · · ·+ ξ2p) 2 + m2 2 )2 − ( (ξ21 + ξ22 + · · ·+ ξ2p) 2 − m2 2 )2]l = (2π)n/2F [( RH 4k(x) ∗ (−1)2kRe 4k(x) ∗ (H∗k(x))∗−1 ) ∗ P2k(x,m) ] ×F [( RH 4l (x) ∗ (−1)2lRe 4l(x) ∗ (H∗l(x))∗−1 ) ∗ P2l(x,m) ] . keywords: ♢ + cache: ejpam-4101.pdf plain text: ejpam-4101.txt item: #610 of 2048 id: ejpam-4103 author: Saeed, AbdulkafiI Mohammed title: A New Technique to Speed Up Group Methods for Solving Hyperbolic Telegraph Equations date: 2021 words: 3677 flesch: 68 summary: Improved techniques using explicit group methods derived from the standard and skewed (rotated) finite difference operators have been developed over the last few years in solving the linear systems that arise from the discretization of the several types of partial differential equations. In the following sections of this research, we will study and discuss the formulation of two types of explicit group methods which are called Explicit group (EG) method and Explicit decoupled group(EDG) method for solving telegraph equations. keywords: methods cache: ejpam-4103.pdf plain text: ejpam-4103.txt item: #611 of 2048 id: ejpam-411 author: Dziok, Jacek; Srivastava, Hari M. title: A Unified Class of Analytic Functions with Varying Argument of Coefficients date: 2009 words: 6544 flesch: 83 summary: Since ���� z f ′(z) f (z) − 1 ���� = �������� ∞∑ n=2 (n− 1 )anzn z + ∞∑ n=2 anzn �������� ≦ ∞∑ n=2 (n− 1 ) ��an �� |z|n−1 1− ∞∑ n=2 ��an �� |z|n−1 , by putting |z|= r, the condition (1.5) is true if ∞∑ n=2 n−α 1−α ��an �� rn−1 ≦ 1. (6.2) For a function f of the form (1.1), the inequality (5.2) is equivalent to the following inequality: ∫ 2π 0 �����1+ ∞∑ n=2 anzn−1 ����� λ dθ ≦ ∫ 2π 0 ����1− B− keywords: f �; k �; w �; η �; ℜ �; � z; � φ,ϕ; � ϕ; � � cache: ejpam-411.pdf plain text: ejpam-411.txt item: #612 of 2048 id: ejpam-4112 author: Sumaoy, Helyn Cosinas; Rara, Helen M. title: On Restrained Strong Resolving Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 5905 flesch: 80 summary: i or S = V (K1 +G) \ Ci where Ci is a superclique in Gi, for i = 1, 2, . . if and only if at least one of the following is satisfied: (i) S = V (G+H) \ CG where CG is a superclique of G. (ii) S = V (G+H) \ CH where CH is a superclique of G. (iii) If γ(G) = 1 and γ(H) keywords: dominating; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4112.pdf plain text: ejpam-4112.txt item: #613 of 2048 id: ejpam-4114 author: Moutari, Natatou Dodo; Hassane, Abba Mallam; Diakarya, Barro; Bisso, Saley title: The ARMA-APARCH-EVT Models Based on HAC in Dependence Modeling and Risk Assessment of a Financial Portfolio date: 2021 words: 26723 flesch: 54 summary: −0.03 | Mean: −0.0134 G A R C H m od el : a pA R C H ● ● normal Density sstd (0,1) Fitted Density ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●●● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ●●●● ● ●●● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ●● ● ●●●● ● ● ● ●●●●●●● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ●● ● ●● ● ● ● ●● ●● ●● ● ● ●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ●● ●●●● ● ●● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ●●●●●●●● ● ●● ● ● ● ●● ●●●●●● ● ●● ●● ● ●● ●● ●●●●● ● ● ●●●● ● ●●● ● ● ●● ● ●●● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ●● ● ●● ● ●●●● ● ●● ● ● ● ●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ●●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ●● ●●●● ● ●● ● ●●● ●●● ● ● ●●●● ●●●●●●●● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ●●●●● ● ● ● ●● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ●● ● ● 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Estimation of HAC model parameters We use the means of the pairwise versions of Kendall’s tau and the relationship θ ∼ τ to estimate the different parameters of the HAC. keywords: aparch; archimedean; arma; copulas; dependence; hac; model; modeling; risk; structure; var; ● ● cache: ejpam-4114.pdf plain text: ejpam-4114.txt item: #614 of 2048 id: ejpam-412 author: Hassan, I. H. Abdel-Halim; Erturk, Vedat Suat title: Solutions of Different Types of the Linear and Nonlinear Higher-Order Boundary Value Problems by Differential Transformation Method date: 2009 words: 4869 flesch: 78 summary: =−1 2 , Y (4) = −1 8 , (5.12) where, according to Eq. (2.1), a = Y (1), b = y′′′(0) 3! = Y (3) and c = y(v)(0) 5! = Y (5). = Y (1), Y (5), a2 = y(iii)(0) 3! = Y (3), a3 = y(v)(0) 5! = Y (5), I. Abdel-Halim and V. Ertürk / Eur. keywords: differential cache: ejpam-412.pdf plain text: ejpam-412.txt item: #615 of 2048 id: ejpam-4124 author: Heilat, Ahmed Salem; Zureigat, Hamzeh; Hatamleh, Ra’ed; Batiha, Belal title: New Spline Method for Solving Linear Two-Point Boundary Value Problems date: 2021 words: 4095 flesch: 80 summary: − 3(xi+3 − x)3, x ∈ [23], and HCBSM for Example 3 with n = 10 x CBSM TCBSM ECBSM HCBSM (λ = −1.6500E − 02) (γ = −3.0919) 0.1 1.270E − 03 9.568E − 04 2.769E − 07 5.184E − 09 0.2 2.415E − 03 1.820E − 03 5.267E − 07 9.861E − 09 0.3 3.324E − 03 2.505E − 03 7.249E − 07 1.357E − 08 0.4 3.908E − 03 2.945E − 03 8.522E − 07 1.596E − 08 0.5 4.109E − 03 3.096E − 03 8.960E − 07 1.678E − 08 0.6 3.908E − 03 2.945E − 03 8.522E − 07 1.596E − 08 0.7 3.324E − 03 2.505E − 03 7.249E − 07 1.357E − 08 0.8 2.415E − 03 1.820E − 03 5.267E − 07 9.862E − 09 0.9 1.270E − 03 9.568E − 04 2.769E − 07 5.182E − 09 L∞ 4.109E − 03 3.096E − 03 8.960E − 07 1.678E − 08 L2 9.188E − 03 6.923E − 03 2.004E − 06 3.751E − 08 Figure 3: Numerical solution S(x) and exact solution u(x) for Example 3 using HCBSM with n = 10 and γ = −3.0919 Example 4. keywords: spline cache: ejpam-4124.pdf plain text: ejpam-4124.txt item: #616 of 2048 id: ejpam-4126 author: Benchabane, Saadia; Djebali, Smail title: Coincidence and Common Fixed Point Theorems in Gb-Cone Metric Spaces date: 2021 words: 6281 flesch: 88 summary: REFERENCES 1365 (3) If in Corollary 1, we set F = R = S and f = I, then we obtain an extension of [11, Theorem 2.7]. (4) T = R and z = y in Theorem 2 leads to a generalization of [16, Theorem 2.1] with M = T . (5) Corollary 2 with F = R = S, f = I, and z = y is an extension of [2, Theorem 2.1, Theorem 2.5, Theorem 2.8]. keywords: cone; metric; point; y3n+1 cache: ejpam-4126.pdf plain text: ejpam-4126.txt item: #617 of 2048 id: ejpam-4128 author: Alhawarat, Ahmad; Alolaiyan, Hanan; Masmali, Ibtisam A; Salleh, Zabidin; Ismail, Shahrina title: A Descent Four-Term of Liu and Storey Conjugate Gradient Method for Large Scale Unconstrained Optimization Problems date: 2021 words: 9102 flesch: 79 summary: k = gTk yk−1 dTk−1yk−1 , βPRP k = gTk yk−1 ∥gk−1∥2 , βLS k = − gTk yk−1 dTk−1gk−1 , βFR Algorithm 1 describes the steps of CG method to obtain the stationary point using SWP line search and equation (12) with stopping criteria∥gk∥ ≤ 10−6. keywords: descent; dk−1; equation; gradient; gtk; line; method; search cache: ejpam-4128.pdf plain text: ejpam-4128.txt item: #618 of 2048 id: ejpam-4136 author: Dehghan Nezhad, Akbar; Radenovic, Stojan title: Some Aspects of b(αn, βn)-hypermetric Spaces over Banach Algebras date: 2021 words: 5617 flesch: 86 summary: Quotient b(αn,βn)-hypermetric space over Banach algebra A Let (X,Γ(αn,βn)) be a b(αn,βn)-hypermetric space over Banach algebra A and X̃ be a partition of X. For each point p ∈ X, we denote p̃ a point in X̃ containing p, and we denote the equivalent relation induced by the relation by ∼. Definition 7. The pair (X,Γn) is called an b(αn,βn)-hypermetric space over Banach algebra A. For example, we can place A+ = Z0 + or R0 +, where Z0 + := N ∪ {0} = {0, 1, 2, . . . } and R0 + := [0,+∞). keywords: b(αn; banach; γ(αn cache: ejpam-4136.pdf plain text: ejpam-4136.txt item: #619 of 2048 id: ejpam-4137 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Note on the Infinite Sum of the Lerch function date: 2022 words: 3239 flesch: 80 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30E20, 33-01, 33-03, 33-04, 33-33B Key Words and Phrases: Lerch function, incomplete gamma function, Catalan’s constant, Apréy’s constant 1. Introduction Infinite sums of special functions have been studied in the works of [1, 5, 6, 10, 13]. keywords: equation; function; n=1; simplify cache: ejpam-4137.pdf plain text: ejpam-4137.txt item: #620 of 2048 id: ejpam-4143 author: Amairanto, Rohaima M.; Isla, Rowena T. title: Fuzzy Sets in Hyper UP-algebra date: 2021 words: 5896 flesch: 85 summary: Let {µα : α ∈ A} be a nonempty family of fuzzy hyper UP-subalgebras of H. Let x, y ∈ H. Let x, y ∈ H with x ∈ µt and x ⊛ y ⊆ µt. keywords: fuzzy; hyper; subalgebra cache: ejpam-4143.pdf plain text: ejpam-4143.txt item: #621 of 2048 id: ejpam-4144 author: Salasalan, Gemma Puebla; Canoy, Jr, Sergio R title: Revisiting Domination, Hop Domination, and Global Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 7440 flesch: 91 summary: If S2 is a dominating of G \ v, then γ(GG) = |S0| ≥ 1+ γ(G \ v). Clearly, D′ = D2 ∪D∗ 2 is a dominating set of G \ v and so γ(GG) keywords: dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4144.pdf plain text: ejpam-4144.txt item: #622 of 2048 id: ejpam-4151 author: Rufin, Bidounda; Diafouka, Michel Koukouatikissa; Miz ́el ́e Kitoti, R ́eolie Foxie; Miz`ere, Dominique title: The Bivariate Extended Poisson Distribution of Type 1 date: 2021 words: 3652 flesch: 78 summary: e−θ1 )( β1 θ y1 − 1 ) β−1 1  1− e−θ1( β1 θ1 y1 − 1 ) e−θ1  δ0(y1) × ∑ y2 ( θ y2 2 y2! e−θ2 )( β2 θ y2 − 1 ) Math, 14 (4) (2021), 1517-1529 1523 α ( e−y1 − c1 )∑ y2 ( θ y2 2 y2! e−θ2 )( β2 θ y2 − 1 ) keywords: distribution; poisson cache: ejpam-4151.pdf plain text: ejpam-4151.txt item: #623 of 2048 id: ejpam-4153 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Definite Integrals Involving Logarithmic Powers, Binomials and Polynomials Expressed in terms of the Lerch Function date: 2022 words: 2669 flesch: 75 summary: x2 − 1 dx, (1) which has a closed form solution in terms of the Lerch function. x2 − 1 dx = 1 2 iπ ( logk(a)− 2(iπ)keiπmΦ ( −eimπ,−k, 1− i log(a) π )) , (9) where −1 < ℜ(m) < 1. 8. keywords: equation cache: ejpam-4153.pdf plain text: ejpam-4153.txt item: #624 of 2048 id: ejpam-4154 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Note on an Octuple Integral in terms of the Lerch Function date: 2022 words: 2237 flesch: 70 summary: Introduction The octuple integral derived in this manuscript is given by ∫ R8 + (rs) m−1 2 (r + s)−m/2(tz)− m 2 −1(t+ z) m+1 2 (uv)− m 2 − 1 2 (u+ v)m/2(xy)m/2(x+ y) 1 2 (−m−1)e−p(r+u+x+z)−q(s+t+v+y) logk ( a √ rs √ t+ z √ u+ v √ xy √ r + s √ tz √ uv √ x+ y ) dxdydzdrdsdtdudv (1) where the parameters k, a ∈ C, Re(p, q) > 0 are general complex numbers with −1/2 ≥ Re(m) ≥ −1. Using equation (2) we replace y by (3)log ( a √ rs √ t+ z √ u+ v √ xy √ r + s √ tz √ uv √ x+ y ) then multiply by both sides by (4)(rs) m−1 2 keywords: function; integral cache: ejpam-4154.pdf plain text: ejpam-4154.txt item: #625 of 2048 id: ejpam-4168 author: Cabulao, Jessa Mae Carpentero; Isla, Rowena T. title: On Connected Partial Domination in Graphs date: 2021 words: 7497 flesch: 88 summary: We first introduce the following concept which will be used to characterize the con- nected α-partial dominating sets in the join of graphs. Then C1 = S1 × V (H) and C2 = V (G)× S2 are connected α-partial dominating sets in G□H if and only if S1 and S2 are connected α-partial dominating sets in G and H, respectively. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-4168.pdf plain text: ejpam-4168.txt item: #626 of 2048 id: ejpam-4170 author: Almuhaimeed, Areej title: Pythagorean Fuzzy Small Submodules date: 2022 words: 3821 flesch: 84 summary: We prove various characterisations for pythagorean fuzzy small submodules. In addition, some important properties regarding pythagorean fuzzy small submodules are investigated. keywords: fuzzy; pythagorean; submodule cache: ejpam-4170.pdf plain text: ejpam-4170.txt item: #627 of 2048 id: ejpam-4171 author: Rathee, Savita; Swami, Monika title: Quadruple g-best Proximity Point for New Contraction in Complete Metric Space date: 2022 words: 3617 flesch: 85 summary: = inf{d(x, y) : x ∈ Q, y ∈ R}, Q0 = {x ∈ Q : there exists some y ∈ R such that d(x, y) = d(Q,R)}, R0 = {y ∈ R : there exists some x ∈ Q such that d(x, y) = d(Q,R)}. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Best proximity point, quadruple best proximity point, metric space, contraction 1. keywords: d(q cache: ejpam-4171.pdf plain text: ejpam-4171.txt item: #628 of 2048 id: ejpam-4172 author: González-Gaxiola, Oswaldo; Ruiz de Chávez, Juan title: Application of a Heuristic Method to Solve Nonlinear Oscillators with Irrational Forces date: 2022 words: 5041 flesch: 67 summary: This paper applies another amplitude-frequency relationship as of late established by Yazdi and Tehrani (Alexandria Engineering Journal 54 99-103, 2015) to analyze periodical solu- tions of nonlinear oscillators; such oscillators are considered emphatically nonlinear on the grounds that they contain an irrational force term. Finally, the methodology used can be very useful for the study of nonlinear oscillators in basic undergraduate physics and mechanics courses. keywords: doi; nonlinear; solution cache: ejpam-4172.pdf plain text: ejpam-4172.txt item: #629 of 2048 id: ejpam-418 author: Kilicman, Adem; Eltayeb, Hassan title: On the Partial Differential Equations with Non-Constant Coefficients and Convolution Method date: 2009 words: 2009 flesch: 77 summary: Now consider the equations (5) and (11) have solutions F(x , t) and K(x , t) respectively, then we can easily check whether F(x , t) ∗ ∗K(x , t) is a solution for a similar type of wave equation. Now by taking double Laplace transform for the equation (11) and single Laplace transform for initial conditions, the solution of equation (11) given by u(x , t) = L−1 s L−1 p      sH1(p) � s2 − p2 � − pG1(s) � s2 − p2 � + pH1(p)−H1(0) � s2 − p2 � − sG1(s)− G1(0) � s2 − p2 � + F(p, s) � s2 − p2 � Ψ(p, s)      (12) provided the inverse double Laplace transform exist. keywords: equation cache: ejpam-418.pdf plain text: ejpam-418.txt item: #630 of 2048 id: ejpam-4181 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Extended Apelblat Integrals for Fractional Calculus date: 2022 words: 2040 flesch: 73 summary: [0,∞) to obtain (3) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ym−1z−me−bz−pxxα+u+y logk (ay z ) Γ(k + 1)Γ(u+ y + α+ 1) dxdydudz = 1 2πi ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ C aww−k−1ym+w−1z−m−we−bz−pxxα+u+y Γ(u+ y + α+ 1) dwdxdydudz = 1 2πi ∫ C ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 aww−k−1ym+w−1z−m−we−bz−pxxα+u+y Γ(u+ y + α+ 1) dxdydudzdw For all k, a ∈ C, Re(p) > 1, Re(b) > 0, Re(α) > −1, 1/2 < Re(m) > 1, (7 ) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ym−1z−me−bz−pxxα+u+y logk (ay z ) Γ(u+ y + α+ 1) dxdydudz = (2iπ)k+1eiπm ( −bm−1 ) p−α−1 log−m−1(p) keywords: ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-4181.pdf plain text: ejpam-4181.txt item: #631 of 2048 id: ejpam-4187 author: Malalay, Rolando Penafiel; Jamil, Ferdinand Paler title: Restrained Disjunctive Domination in Graphs under Some Binary Operations date: 2022 words: 9215 flesch: 85 summary: If u is the end vertex of graph G and degG(v) ≤ 2, then u ∈ S for all restrained disjunctive dominating sets S of G. Proposition 1. Under the same condition, the minimum of the sets between disjuntive total domination number of graph G and twice of distance-2 domination number of graph G, denoted by min{γdt (G), 2γ2(G)} proves to be a sharp bound for the restrained disjunctive domination number of the lexicographic product of graphs G and H. REFERENCES 222 Acknowledgements This research was undertaken at the Technische Universitat Kaiserslautern, Germany, under the Faculty and Student Exchange Program of the project ”Graph Theory and Optimization (GraThO) with Applications in Industry and Society” and funded by the Zamboanga Peninsula Polytechnic State University, Philippines. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-4187.pdf plain text: ejpam-4187.txt item: #632 of 2048 id: ejpam-4190 author: Rath, Biswanath; Asad, Jihad; Shanak, Hussein; Jarrar, Rabab; Kaabar, Mohammed K. A. title: Investigation of the Infinite Discrete Levels from Finite Discrete Levels in Position Dependent Mass Quantum Systems date: 2022 words: 2245 flesch: 70 summary: Energy levels of this oscillator has been reflected in Fig. M=1/(1 + 2x 2 ) Im a x is Figure 1: Energy levels of H = [p2 +Mx2]; withM = 1 (1+2x2) J. Asad et al. / Eur. keywords: levels cache: ejpam-4190.pdf plain text: ejpam-4190.txt item: #633 of 2048 id: ejpam-4200 author: Congo, Mohamed; Ouedraogo, Marie Francoise title: Boundedness of Nonregular Pseudo-differential Operators on Variable Exponent Triebel-Lizorkin-Morrey Spaces date: 2022 words: 4806 flesch: 90 summary: =  tp(x) if p(x) ∈ (0,+∞), 0 if p(x) = +∞ and t ∈ With t ∈ (0,min {1, p−, q−}), lemma 4 yields∥∥∥∥∥∥ 2js(·) keywords: ∥∥∥∥∥∥ cache: ejpam-4200.pdf plain text: ejpam-4200.txt item: #634 of 2048 id: ejpam-4203 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Triple Integral involving the Product of the Logarithmic and Bessel Functions expressed in terms of the Lerch Function date: 2022 words: 2120 flesch: 73 summary: Introduction In this paper we derive the triple definite integral given by (1) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 tmxv−my 1 2 (−m−v−1)Jv(t)e −bx2−cy logk ( at x √ y ) dxdydt where the parameters k, a, b, c, v,m are general complex numbers and Re(b) > 0, Re(c) > 0, Re(v) > 0, Re(m) < −1. The Hurwitz-Lerch zeta Function The Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function (25.14) in [3] has a series representation given by Φ(z, s, v) = ∞∑ n=0 (v + n)−szn (4) where |z|< 1, v 6= 0,−1, .. and is continued analytically by its integral representation given by Φ(z, s, v) = 1 Γ(s) ∫ ∞ 0 ts−1e−vt 1− ze−t dt = 1 Γ(s) ∫ ∞ 0 ts−1e−(v−1)t et − z dt (5) where Re(v) > 0, and either |z|≤ 1, z 6= 1, Re(s) > 0, or z = 1, Re(s) > 1. R. Reynolds, A. Stauffer / Eur. keywords: integral; ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-4203.pdf plain text: ejpam-4203.txt item: #635 of 2048 id: ejpam-4204 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Quadruple Integral Involving the Hermite polynomial Hn(x): Derivation and Evaluation date: 2022 words: 1648 flesch: 72 summary: A method for evaluating definite integrals in terms of special functions with examples. Introduction In this paper we derive the quadruple definite integral given by (1) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 t−mxm−1z1−mym−nHn(xα)e −α2x2−b ( t2+y2+z2 ) logk (axy tz ) dxdydzdt ∗Corresponding author. keywords: integral; ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-4204.pdf plain text: ejpam-4204.txt item: #636 of 2048 id: ejpam-4207 author: Noiri, Takashi; Popa, Valeriu title: On m-I-Continuous Multifunctions date: 2022 words: 6189 flesch: 84 summary: [21] N. Levine, Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces, Amer. Introduction Semi-open sets, pre-open sets, α-open sets, b-open sets and β-open sets play an impor- tant role in the research of generalizations of continuity for functions and multifunctions. keywords: sets cache: ejpam-4207.pdf plain text: ejpam-4207.txt item: #637 of 2048 id: ejpam-4215 author: Baanoon, Hiba; Khalid, Wasan title: e*-Essential Submodule date: 2022 words: 2098 flesch: 81 summary: We will introduce some examples and properties about this concept such that, what is the in- verse image of e∗-essential submodule, the intersection of e∗-essential submodules and direct sum of e∗-essential submodules. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new concept in a module M over a ring R, this concept is called e∗-essential submodule, which is a generalization of an essential submodule. keywords: submodule cache: ejpam-4215.pdf plain text: ejpam-4215.txt item: #638 of 2048 id: ejpam-4220 author: Abdulcarim, Normalah Sharief; Dagondon, Susan C. title: On the Independent Neighborhood Polynomial of the Rooted Product of Two Trees date: 2022 words: 6481 flesch: 87 summary: Then n ∈ N∗ and d(ω, y) = 2n which implies y ∈ Ω, a contradiction since y /∈ For any tree T with independent neighborhood sets Ω and ∆, if uv ∈ E(T ), then u ∈ Ω and v ∈ ∆. Proof. keywords: neighborhood cache: ejpam-4220.pdf plain text: ejpam-4220.txt item: #639 of 2048 id: ejpam-4226 author: Bekraoui, Fatema; Al Horani, Mohammad; Khalil, Roshdi Rashid title: Atomic Solution of Fractional Abstract Cauchy Problem of High Order in Banach Spaces date: 2022 words: 6072 flesch: 90 summary: − c2 cos 1 α tα − c3 sin 1 α tα +exp ( − 1 α tα ) − c2 cos 1 α tα − c3 sin 1 α tα +exp ( − 1 α tα ) keywords: cos; exp; sin; t α; α tα cache: ejpam-4226.pdf plain text: ejpam-4226.txt item: #640 of 2048 id: ejpam-4227 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Triple Integral Involving the Struve Function Hv(t) Expressed in terms of the Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta Function date: 2022 words: 1947 flesch: 72 summary: Introduction In this paper we derive the triple definite integral given by (1) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 y1−mtm−v−1x−m+2v+1HHHv(t)e −bx2−cy2 logk ( at xy ) dxdydt ∗Corresponding author. y1−mtm−v−1x−m+2v+1HHHv(t)e −bx2−cy2 logk ( at xy ) dxdydt = 1 2πi ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ C aww−k−1y−m−w+1HHHv(t) e−bx2−cy2tm−v+w−1x−m+2v−w+1dwdxdydt = 1 2πi ∫ C ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 aww−k−1y−m−w+1HHHv(t) e−bx2−cy2tm−v+w−1x−m+2v−w+1dxdydtdw = 1 2πi ∫ C πaww−k−1c m+w 2 −12m−v+w−3 sec ( 1 2 π(m+ w) ) b m+w 2 −v−1dw from equation (13.2) on page 392 in [8] and equation (3.326.2) in [2] where −1 < Re(w + m) < 0 and Re(w + m) < Re(v) + 3/2, Re(b) > 0, Re(c) keywords: function; ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-4227.pdf plain text: ejpam-4227.txt item: #641 of 2048 id: ejpam-4237 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Quadruple Integral Involving the Legendre Function Pn(x) of the First Kind: Derivation and Evaluation date: 2022 words: 2074 flesch: 77 summary: ∫ 1 0 ∫ 1 0 ∫ 1 0 ∫ 1 0 xm−1Pv(x) log −m ( 1 t ) log 1 2 (m−v−1) ( 1 y ) log m+v 2 ( 1 z ) logk ax √ log ( 1 y )√ log ( 1 z ) log ( 1 t ) The Hurwitz-Lerch zeta Function The Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function (25.14) in [1] has a series representation given by Φ(z, s, v) = ∞∑ n=0 (v + n)−szn (4) where |z|< 1, v ̸= 0,−1, .. and is continued analytically by its integral representation given by Φ(z, s, v) = 1 Γ(s) ∫ ∞ 0 ts−1e−vt 1− ze−t dt = 1 Γ(s) ∫ ∞ 0 ts−1e−(v−1)t et − z dt (5) where Re(v) > 0, and either |z|≤ 1, z ̸= 1, Re(s) > 0, or z = 1, Re(s) > 1. 4.2. keywords: log cache: ejpam-4237.pdf plain text: ejpam-4237.txt item: #642 of 2048 id: ejpam-4242 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: A Quadruple Integral Involving the Hermite Polynomial Hn(x): Derivation and Evaluation date: 2022 words: 1666 flesch: 73 summary: A method for evaluating definite integrals in terms of special functions with examples. Introduction In this paper we derive the quadruple definite integral given by (1) ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 t−mxm−1z1−mym−nHn(xα)e −α2x2−b ( t2+y2+z2 ) logk (axy tz ) dxdydzdt ∗Corresponding author. keywords: integral; ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-4242.pdf plain text: ejpam-4242.txt item: #643 of 2048 id: ejpam-4244 author: Timite, Lamine; Toure, Ibrahima title: On Inductive Limit of Commutative Triples date: 2022 words: 4071 flesch: 77 summary: By the equation (3.1), we have χδn(k)(Φ(ykx)v, v) = χδn(k)(Φ U l (ykx)ξl, ξl),∀x, y ∈ G∞, k ∈ Kn. (3.2) Let us put En i = 〈πn(k)ξni , k ∈ Kn〉, i = 1, 2, the Hilbert completion of the vector subspace generated by the family {πn(k)ξni , k ∈ Kn} . keywords: n→∞ cache: ejpam-4244.pdf plain text: ejpam-4244.txt item: #644 of 2048 id: ejpam-4245 author: Tsetimi, Jonathan; Mamadu, Ebimene James title: Numerical Study of Two Dimensional Steady Incompressible Newtonian Laminar Flow of Blood Through Constricted Artery date: 2022 words: 4890 flesch: 69 summary: The results obtained reveal alterations in blood flow due to presence of stenosis in arterial wall and the implications are discussed. It describes the physical laws that govern blood flow in the blood vessels. keywords: blood; equation; flow; velocity cache: ejpam-4245.pdf plain text: ejpam-4245.txt item: #645 of 2048 id: ejpam-4247 author: Rafeeq, Ava Shafeeq title: Periodic Solution of Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Integro–differential Equation with Periodic and Integral Boundary Conditions date: 2022 words: 4916 flesch: 71 summary: g ( s, u ( s, uk0 )) ds ) − 2(1−α) (2−α)N(α) 1 T ∫ T 0 h ( s, u ( s, uk0 ) , ∫ a(s) 0 g ( τ, u ( τ,uk0 )) dτ ) ds+ 2α (2−α)N(α) ∫ t 0 (h(s, u ( s, uk0 ) , ∫ a(s) 0 g ( τ, u ( τ,uk0 )) dτ)− 1 T ∫ T 0 h(s, u ( s, uk0 ) , ∫ a(s) 0 g ( τ, u ( τ,uk0 )) dτ)ds)ds (4.24) where k = 1, 2, from (4.24), we get∣∣u (t, u10)− u ( t, u20 )∣∣ ≤| u10 − u20 ] + 4(1−α) (2−α)N(a) (k1 + aTL1k2) ∣∣u (t,u10)− u ( t, u20 )∣∣+ αT (2− α)N(α) (k1 + aTL1k2) ∣∣u (t, u10)− u ( t, u20 )∣∣ (4.25) Existence and uniqueness of periodic Solution of (1.1) with integral boundary condition In this section, we investigate the periodic solution of the problem (1.1) with integral boundary conditions: u(0)− u(T ) = ∫ T 0 H(u(s))ds (4.28) Where the function H(u(s)) defined and continuous on are compact subset of R and periodic on t of periodic T. A. S. Rafeeq / Eur. keywords: fractional cache: ejpam-4247.pdf plain text: ejpam-4247.txt item: #646 of 2048 id: ejpam-4248 author: AbuShaheen, Fuad A; Alrimawi, Fadi title: Weakly Covering Spaces in Coc-open Sets date: 2022 words: 3415 flesch: 81 summary: coc ⊆ Uα(x), and clearly the family { Wα(x)|α(x) ∈ ∆ } is coc-regular cover of X, so there exists a finite elements x1, x2, ..., xn ∈ X such that X = n⋃ i=1 Wα(xi) coc ⊆ n⋃ i=1 Uα(xi), therefore X is coc-nearly-compact space. Let U = { Uα|α ∈ ∆ } be coc-regular open cover of X, so for each x ∈ X, there exists α(x) ∈ ∆ such that x ∈ Uα(x), but X is coc-almost regular space, so there exist coc-regular open sets Vα(x) and Wα(x) such that x ∈ Vα(x) ⊆ Vα(x) keywords: coc; open; regular cache: ejpam-4248.pdf plain text: ejpam-4248.txt item: #647 of 2048 id: ejpam-4249 author: Abu-Gdairi, Radwan Ahmad; Azzam, Abdelfattah; Noaman, Ibrahim title: Nearly Soft β - Open Sets via Soft Ditopological Spaces date: 2022 words: 4377 flesch: 82 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05, 54A20, 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: Soft set, soft topological space, ditopological space, soft β - open and soft β - closed sets, soft β - continuous, soft β - compact 1. Introduction and Preliminaries In the late twentieth century, Molodtsov[11] introduced the theory of soft set as a generalization of the set theory, which widely used to deal with incomplete, insufficient information for its study and analysis, which similar to the rough set theory. keywords: open; soft; ũe cache: ejpam-4249.pdf plain text: ejpam-4249.txt item: #648 of 2048 id: ejpam-4259 author: Reynolds, Robert; Stauffer, Allan title: Triple Integral involving the Bessel-Integral Function Jiv(z): Derivation and Evaluation date: 2022 words: 2469 flesch: 77 summary: On some expansions for bessel integral functions. Math, 15 (3) (2022), 916-923 918 = − 1 2πi ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ C 1 v2Γ(v) 2−vaww−k−1(m+ w)xm+w−1(αx)ve−by2−cz2 y−m+v−w+1z−m−v−w+1 1F2 ( v 2 ; v 2 + 1, v + 1;−1 4 x2α2 ) dwdxdydz = − 1 2πi ∫ C ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 ∫ ∞ 0 1 v2Γ(v) 2−vaww−k−1(m+ w)xm+w−1(αx)ve−by2−cz2 y−m+v−w+1z−m−v−w+1 1F2 ( v 2 ; v 2 + 1, v + 1;−1 4 x2α2 ) dxdydzdw = 1 2πi ∫ C πaww−k−12m+w−3α−m−wb 1 2 (m−v+w−2)c 1 2 (m+v+w−2) csc ( 1 2 π(m+ v + w) ) dw (5) from equation (4) in [2], equation (3.37.4.1) in [1] and equation (3.326.2) in [4] where 0 < Re(w + m) < 2, Re(m) < Re(v) < 2, α ∈ R+ and using the reflection formula (8.334.3) in [4] for the Gamma function. keywords: integral cache: ejpam-4259.pdf plain text: ejpam-4259.txt item: #649 of 2048 id: ejpam-4260 author: Al-shami, Tareq M.; Mhemdi, Abdelwaheb; Jameel, Mohammed; Abouhawwash, Mohamed title: Supra b Limit Points and Supra b Separation Axioms date: 2022 words: 7302 flesch: 86 summary: In [9–11, 20], Al-shami with his coauthors scrutinized the main properties of limit points using the famous generalizations of supra open sets. The members of Ω are said to be supra open sets and the complement of each member of Ω is said to be a supra closed set. keywords: set; supra; supra b cache: ejpam-4260.pdf plain text: ejpam-4260.txt item: #650 of 2048 id: ejpam-4262 author: Khumprapussorn, Thawatchai title: On φ-β-Absorbing Submodules date: 2022 words: 3629 flesch: 89 summary: In [2], a proper submodule P of a left R-module M is called β-absorbing if for any element r, s ∈ R and m ∈ M such that rsm ∈ P , we have rs + rs ∈ (P : M) or r(m + m) ∈ P or s(m + m) ∈ P . We recall that a proper submodule P of a left R-module M is called a prime submodule of M if for every r ∈ R and m ∈ M , rm ∈ P implies that m ∈ P or r ∈ (P : M). keywords: submodule cache: ejpam-4262.pdf plain text: ejpam-4262.txt item: #651 of 2048 id: ejpam-4275 author: Al-shami, Tareq M.; Othman, Hakeem A. title: Infra Pre-open Sets and Their Applications to Generate New Types of Operators and Maps date: 2022 words: 7895 flesch: 85 summary: Herein, we introduce the concepts of infra soft pre-open infra soft pre-closed sets which are respectively generalizations of infra soft open and infra soft closed sets. Then, we apply infra soft pre-open infra soft pre-closed sets to define the operators of infra pre-interior, infra pre-closure, infra pre-limit and infra pre-boundary. keywords: infra; open; pre; set cache: ejpam-4275.pdf plain text: ejpam-4275.txt item: #652 of 2048 id: ejpam-4276 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: (Λ, sp)-open Sets in Topological Spaces date: 2022 words: 6777 flesch: 92 summary: The set of all (Λ, sp)-cluster points of A is called the (Λ, sp)-closure of A and is denoted by A(Λ,sp). For the (Λ, sp)-closure, the following properties hold: (1) A ⊆ A(Λ,sp) and [A(Λ,sp)](Λ,sp) = A(Λ,sp). keywords: a(λ; sp)-open cache: ejpam-4276.pdf plain text: ejpam-4276.txt item: #653 of 2048 id: ejpam-4277 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: On Almost α(Λ, sp)-continuous Multifunctions date: 2022 words: 3965 flesch: 89 summary: [[[F+(G s(Λ,sp) 1 ) ∩ F−(G s(Λ,sp) 2 )](Λ,sp)] (Λ,sp)](Λ,sp) for any (Λ, sp)-open sets G1, G2 of Y such that F (x) ∈ G+ 1 ∩G− 2 . Proof. [[U(Λ,sp)] (Λ,sp)](Λ,sp) ⊆ keywords: s(λ cache: ejpam-4277.pdf plain text: ejpam-4277.txt item: #654 of 2048 id: ejpam-4279 author: Gaketem, Thiti title: Almost Bi-interior Ideal in Semigroups and Their Fuzzifications date: 2022 words: 3629 flesch: 82 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 20M12, 06F05 Key Words and Phrases: bi-interior ideal, fuzzy bi-interior ideal, weakly bi-interior ideal, weakly fuzzy bi-interior ideal 1. Every quasi ideal is a bi-interior ideal of S. (5) The arbitrary intersection of bi-interior of S is also bi-interior ideal of S. (6) If M a bi-interior ideal of S, then MS and SM are bi-interior ideals of S. For any hi ∈ keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-4279.pdf plain text: ejpam-4279.txt item: #655 of 2048 id: ejpam-4280 author: Korotimi, Ou´edraogo; Diakarya, Barro title: An Approach of Estimating the Value at Risk of Heavy-tailed Distribution using Copulas date: 2022 words: 4324 flesch: 64 summary: Copulas and conditional distribution function The conditional quantile estimation based on copulas is based on quantile regression and the asymptotic distribution of this estimator has been proven to be Gaussian (see Noh et al In this study, we consider a random vector X = (X1;X2; ...;Xm)T of dimension m with joint distribution function F and marginal distribution function F1; ...;Fm. keywords: conditional; copula; distribution; quantile cache: ejpam-4280.pdf plain text: ejpam-4280.txt item: #656 of 2048 id: ejpam-4298 author: AbuShaheen, Fuad A title: Some Properties of Weak Separation Axioms in Coc-Compact Sets date: 2022 words: 6172 flesch: 91 summary: U and p ∈ U with y ∈ X − {p, x}. Then coc-A∨ = ∪{F : X − F ∈ τk : F ⊆ A}, if there is no coc-closed set contains in A, then coc-A∨ = φ. keywords: coc; space cache: ejpam-4298.pdf plain text: ejpam-4298.txt item: #657 of 2048 id: ejpam-4301 author: Baanoon, Hiba; Khalid, Wasan title: e*-Essential Small Submodules and e*-Hollow Modules date: 2022 words: 3601 flesch: 84 summary: Since M N is e∗-hollow, then K+N N = M N , and M = K + N because N � M . A submodule N of M is called a small submodule of M denoted (N � M) if for any submodule A of M such that M = N + keywords: submodule cache: ejpam-4301.pdf plain text: ejpam-4301.txt item: #658 of 2048 id: ejpam-4303 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Viriyapong, Chokchai title: Weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous Multifunctions date: 2022 words: 3664 flesch: 86 summary: A multifunction F : (X, τ) → (Y, σ) is said to be weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous if, for each x ∈ X and each (Λ, sp)-open sets V1, V2 of Y such that F (x) ∈ V + 1 ∩V − 2 , there exists a (Λ, sp)-open set U of X containing x such that F (U) ⊆ V (Λ,sp) 1 and F (z)∩V (Λ,sp) 2 6= ∅ for every z ∈ U . [F+(V (Λ,sp) 1 )∩F−(V (Λ,sp) 2 )](Λ,sp) for every (Λ, sp)-open sets V1, V2 of Y ; (3) [F−([K1](Λ,sp)) ∪ F+([K2](Λ,sp))] (Λ,sp) ⊆ F−(K1) ∪ F+(K2) for every (Λ, sp)-closed sets K1,K2 of Y ; C. Boonpok, C. Viriyapong / Eur. keywords: sets; sp)-open cache: ejpam-4303.pdf plain text: ejpam-4303.txt item: #659 of 2048 id: ejpam-4312 author: Tsetimi, Jonathan; Ossaiugbo, Marcus Ifeanyi; Atonuje, Augustine title: Bifurcation Analysis of a Mathematical Model for the Covid-19 Infection among Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women date: 2022 words: 6961 flesch: 60 summary: β Modification parameter accounting for increased susceptibility to covid-19 infection by pregnant women µ Natural death rate ς Disease-induced death rate ε Rate at which infectious non-pregnant women move into the hospitalised class α Rate at which infectious pregnant women move into the class of hospitalised individuals η Recovery rate of non-pregnant infectious individuals γ Recovery rate of infectious pregnant women ϕ The effects of the effective contact rate, delivery rate, transmission coefficient of the class of infectious pregnant women and modification parameter accounting for in- creased susceptibility to covid-19 infection by pregnant women over the population of infectious individuals shall also be considered. keywords: class; covid-19; disease; infection; model; number; rate; women cache: ejpam-4312.pdf plain text: ejpam-4312.txt item: #660 of 2048 id: ejpam-4316 author: Campena ̃, Francis Joseph H. ; G. Egan, Ma. Christine; Antalan, John Rafael M. title: On the Wiener and Harary Index of Splitting Graphs date: 2022 words: 7698 flesch: 85 summary: If S = V, then the graph Γ(G,V ) is the splitting graph of a graph G as defined by Sampathkumar et al. If S = V and v ∈ S, then degΓ(v) = 2degG(v). (iii) If v ∈ S′, then degΓ(v ′) = degG(v). (iv) If G is a connected graph, then Γ(G,S) is also connected. F.J.H. Campeña, M.C.G. Egan, J.R.M. Antalan / Eur. keywords: graph; index; matrix; vertices cache: ejpam-4316.pdf plain text: ejpam-4316.txt item: #661 of 2048 id: ejpam-4317 author: Sanabria, José ; Lozada-Yavina, Rafael ; Tormet, José title: A Note on Strongly δθ-I-continuous Functions date: 2022 words: 5835 flesch: 85 summary: y and as (Y, σ) is T2, there exist open sets V and W in Y containing f(x) and y, respectively, such that V ∩W A strongly δθ-I-continuous retraction is a strongly δθ-I-continuous func- tion f : (X, τ, I) → (Y, σ), where Y ⊂ X and f |Y = 1Y the identity function on Y . keywords: open cache: ejpam-4317.pdf plain text: ejpam-4317.txt item: #662 of 2048 id: ejpam-4319 author: Khachorncharoenkul, Prathomjit; Wongpradit, Attawut title: Origami Wrapping with an Equilateral Triangular Prism date: 2022 words: 4478 flesch: 75 summary: From the tall wrapping described in Section 2, the tall, encased wrapping by rectan- gular paper in tall wrapping is achieved by increasing the paper size from the projection of an equilateral cross-section prism shape, as shown in Figure 13. L be the length of paper edge A1A2, s be the distance between the paper edge A1A2 and the point B′ 6, and t be the distance between the paper edge A1A4 and the lateral edge B1B4. keywords: figure; paper; prism; wrapping cache: ejpam-4319.pdf plain text: ejpam-4319.txt item: #663 of 2048 id: ejpam-4323 author: Niang, Aladji Babacar; Sangar´e, Harouna ; Kpanzou, Tchilabalo Abozou; Lo, Gane Samb; Ngom, Nafy title: Extensions of Two Classical Poisson Limit Laws to Non-stationary Independent Sequences date: 2022 words: 4511 flesch: 77 summary: Under the conditions ( ∀n ≥ 1, ∀1 ≤ k ≤ k(n), ak,n = 0 ) and k(n)∑ k=1 σ2k,n = 1, the summands Sn[X] of the arrayX converges to standard Gaussian law and max1≤k≤k(n) σ 2 k,n → 0 if and only if the following Lynderberg-Gaussian condition holds: ∀ε > 0, Ln,G(ε) Math, 15 (2) (2022), 511-527 526 (GP4) for 0 < ε < 1, n ≥ 1, 1 ≤ k ≤ k(n), and for B(ε, k, n) = 1∑ j=0 1(∣∣∣∣j−qk,n−1 ∣∣∣∣≥ε )( j − pk,n )2 pjk,nq 1−j k,n , we have B(ε, n) = k(n)∑ k=1 B(ε, k, n) → 0. keywords: law cache: ejpam-4323.pdf plain text: ejpam-4323.txt item: #664 of 2048 id: ejpam-4329 author: Rezk, Eman title: Closed Ideals and Annihilators of Distributive Dual Weakly Complemented Lattice date: 2022 words: 4228 flesch: 86 summary: then I = IO∗ = I∗∗ and I∗ = IO ∈ IO∗. Then x ≤ bH for all b ∈ K. So x ≤ bH for all b ∈ I. It implies x ∈ IO. keywords: lattice cache: ejpam-4329.pdf plain text: ejpam-4329.txt item: #665 of 2048 id: ejpam-4340 author: Şaşmaz, Pınar; Özkoç, Murad title: Generalized ωe∗-closed Sets date: 2022 words: 7932 flesch: 95 summary: = ωe∗-cl(X \A) \ (X \A) A ∈ gωe∗O(X)⇒ X \A ∈ gωe∗C(X) } ⇒ Theorem 3⇒ X \ X \A ⊆ U ∈ O(X)⇒ (X \ U ∈ C(X))(X \ U ⊆ A) keywords: open; space cache: ejpam-4340.pdf plain text: ejpam-4340.txt item: #666 of 2048 id: ejpam-4343 author: Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Some Closed Sets and Low Separation Axioms via Topological Ideals date: 2022 words: 10633 flesch: 91 summary: (1) ⇒ (2): Let y ∈ X and x ∈ X −{y}. ̸∈ V and y ∈ V . keywords: p(⋆; pre; set cache: ejpam-4343.pdf plain text: ejpam-4343.txt item: #667 of 2048 id: ejpam-4344 author: Taha, Iman; Masri, Rohaidah ; Alkhalaf, Ahmad; Tarmizi, Rawdah title: Derivations in Differentially δ-prime Rings date: 2022 words: 3484 flesch: 83 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16N60, 16W25 Key Words and Phrases: Derivation, prime ring, δ-prime ring, δ-ideal. In particular, we prove that if R is a δ-prime ring with charR 6= 2 and I is a nonzero δ-ideal of R, where 0 6= δ ∈ D, c ∈ R and [c, δ(c)] in the center of R, then R is commutative. keywords: prime; ring cache: ejpam-4344.pdf plain text: ejpam-4344.txt item: #668 of 2048 id: ejpam-4348 author: Traoré, Seydou; Mouhamadou, Dosso title: Spectral Dichotomy Methods of a Matrix with respect to the General Equation of the Parabola date: 2022 words: 12348 flesch: 80 summary: − A has no eigenvalues on the parabola with equation 2p (p 2 − x )2 = (y − pb)2 with p > 0 • Output variables: P̃ and H̃ P̃ being the projector on the right subspace of zIn−A associated with the eigenvalues outside the parabola and the matrix H̃ whose norm gives the dichotomy criterion. If |z| > αAd + 1 αAd with the conditions (36) we have ∥∥∥∥Az ∥∥∥∥ < 1. Which leads to (zIn −A)−1 = 1 z (In − A z )−1 = 1 z +∞∑ k=0 Ak zk S. Traoré, M. Dosso / Eur. keywords: + √; eigenvalues; matrix; − √; √ p;  cache: ejpam-4348.pdf plain text: ejpam-4348.txt item: #669 of 2048 id: ejpam-4350 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr., Sergio R. ; Aradais, Alkajim A. title: Hop Independent Sets in Graphs date: 2022 words: 4923 flesch: 90 summary: Math, 15 (2) (2022), 467-477 475 The Cartesian product of graphs G and H, denoted by G�H, is the graph with vertex set V (G�H) Then C = ⋃ x∈S [{x} × Tx], where S ⊆ V (G) and Tx ⊆ V (H) for each x ∈ S, is a hop independent set of G�H if and only if the following conditions hold. keywords: hop; set cache: ejpam-4350.pdf plain text: ejpam-4350.txt item: #670 of 2048 id: ejpam-4351 author: Njamen Njomen, Didier Alain; Donfack, Thiery ; Ngatchou-Wandji, Joseph ; Nguefack-Tsague, Georges title: E-Bayesian Estimation under Loss Functions in Competing Risks date: 2022 words: 7586 flesch: 77 summary: E-Bayesian estimators of βk Theorem 3. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62C10, 91G70, 33B15, 62P20 Key Words and Phrases: Bayesian estimation, E-Bayesian estimation, Competing risks, Type-I progressively censoring, Loss function 1. keywords: + ak; ak αk; bk +; nk +; uk + cache: ejpam-4351.pdf plain text: ejpam-4351.txt item: #671 of 2048 id: ejpam-4352 author: Canoy, Jr., Sergio ; Salasalan, Gemma Puebla title: A Variant of Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2022 words: 6540 flesch: 88 summary: Let (x, p) ∈ V (G[H])\C. Since S = V (G), p /∈ In either case, γcs(G) = n− 1. (ii) Let Gm and Gr be non-trivial components and pick v ∈ V (Gm) and w ∈ V (Gr). keywords: dominating; hop; set; super cache: ejpam-4352.pdf plain text: ejpam-4352.txt item: #672 of 2048 id: ejpam-4353 author: Saleh, Hind; Asaad, Baravan; Mohammed, Ramadhan title: Bipolar Soft Generalized Topological Structures and Their Application in Decision Making date: 2022 words: 9844 flesch: 89 summary: This paper mainly aims at defining a new bipolar soft generalized topological space; setting out of the point that the collection of bipolar soft sets forms the basis for the definition of the new concept is defined. A number of definitions, operations, and applications on bipolar soft sets have been investigated in ([4], keywords: ˜̃g; θ1,λ1; θ2,λ2 cache: ejpam-4353.pdf plain text: ejpam-4353.txt item: #673 of 2048 id: ejpam-4354 author: Gamorez, Anabel ; Canoy Jr., Sergio title: Monophonic Eccentric Domination Numbers of Graphs date: 2022 words: 6013 flesch: 81 summary: Then S is a monophonic eccentric dominating set of G + H if and only if S = SG ∪ SH , where SG and SH are monophonic eccentric dominating sets of G and H, respectively. = dmH(a, b) = dmG[H]((z, a), (z, b)), where (z, b) ∈ C. Therefore, C is monophonic eccentric dominating set of G[H]. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-4354.pdf plain text: ejpam-4354.txt item: #674 of 2048 id: ejpam-4356 author: Hamja, Jamil; Aniversario, Imelda S. ; Rara, Helen M. title: On Weakly Connected Closed Geodetic Domination in Graphs Under Some Binary Operations date: 2022 words: 7950 flesch: 83 summary: Also, some relationships between weakly connected closed geodetic dominating set, weakly connected closed geodetic set, geodetic dominating set, and geodetic connected dominating set are established. To show that S is a weakly connected dominating set of G. Since G is connected, for every u, v ∈ S, dG(u, v) = 2 and for all y ∈ V (Kp), y is in u-v geodesic. keywords: dominating; graph; set cache: ejpam-4356.pdf plain text: ejpam-4356.txt item: #675 of 2048 id: ejpam-4364 author: Qasim, Aseel ; Salih, Zinah title: New Spectral Idea for Conjugate Gradient Methods and its Global Convergence Theorems date: 2022 words: 3541 flesch: 68 summary: However, when it is compared to other conjugate gradient methods, such as FR methods, the proposed method confirmed the globally convergent, indicating that it can be used in scientific data computation. Also, to avoid the negative case of βk we use Wolfe conditions to guarantee the convergence of non-linear conjugate methods for the research [24]. keywords: gradient; method; new; ||gk+1||2 cache: ejpam-4364.pdf plain text: ejpam-4364.txt item: #676 of 2048 id: ejpam-4366 author: Mardanov, M.J. ; Sharifov, Y.A. ; Aliyev, Humbet title: Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for Nonlinear Fractional Integro-Differential Equations with Nonlocal Boundary Conditions date: 2022 words: 3666 flesch: 74 summary: For more details about fractional differential equations and their applications, we provide the following references As to the initial value problems for fractional differential equations with fractional derivatives in the Riemann-Liouville sense, they should be given as (bounded) initial values of the fractional integral Jn−α and of its integer derivatives of order k = 1, 2, ..., n− 1. keywords: differential; equations; fractional cache: ejpam-4366.pdf plain text: ejpam-4366.txt item: #677 of 2048 id: ejpam-4367 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Viriyapong, Chokchai title: Some Applications of (Λ, sp)-open Sets in Topological Spaces date: 2022 words: 3973 flesch: 89 summary: The set of all (Λ, sp)-cluster points of A is called the (Λ, sp)-closure [2] of A and is denoted by A(Λ,sp). The union of all (Λ, sp)-open sets contained in A is called the (Λ, sp)-interior [2] of A and is denoted by A(Λ,sp). keywords: x}(λ cache: ejpam-4367.pdf plain text: ejpam-4367.txt item: #678 of 2048 id: ejpam-4370 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Viriyapong, Chokchai title: Contra-(Λ, sp)-continuity and δ(Λ, sp)-closed sets date: 2022 words: 4601 flesch: 80 summary: Then, Y − V is a δ(Λ, sp)-closed set of Y . In particular, F−(y) = {x ∈ X | y ∈ F (x)} for each point y ∈ Y . keywords: sp)-open cache: ejpam-4370.pdf plain text: ejpam-4370.txt item: #679 of 2048 id: ejpam-4378 author: Farman, Muhammad ; Akgül, Ali ; Shanak, Hussein; Asad, Jihad; Ahmad, Aqeel title: Computer Virus Fractional Order Model with Effects of Internal and External Storage Media date: 2022 words: 5622 flesch: 72 summary: We have following system of differential equations dS dt = b1 + γ2L+ γ3B + ηR− µS − γ1S − β1LS − β2BS − θS, dL dt = b2 + β1LS + β2BS + θS − γ1L− γ2L− µL− αL, dB dt = b3 + αL− µB − γ1B − γ3B, dR dt = b4 + γ1S + γ1L+ γ1B − ηR− µR. (5) We can express the above system in ABC fractional order form as: ABC 0D α t S(t) = b1 + γ2L+ γ3B + ηR− µS − γ1S − β1LS − β2BS − θS, ABC 0D α t L(t) = b2 + β1LS + β2BS + θS − γ1L− γ2L− µL− αL, ABC 0D α t B(t) = b3 + αL− µB − γ1B − γ3B, ABC 0D α t R(t) + α Γ(σ)×ABC(σ) m∑ k=o ( h(tk, yk) h ∫ tk+1 tk (τ − tk−1)(tn+1 − τ)σ−1dτ − h(tk−1, yk−1) keywords: 1)eα; abc; b(α)αγ(α+; computer; fractional; model; system; virus cache: ejpam-4378.pdf plain text: ejpam-4378.txt item: #680 of 2048 id: ejpam-4381 author: Caadan, Julius Guhiting; Paluga, Rolando N. ; Aniversario, Imelda S. title: Distance k-Cost Effective Sets in the Corona and Lexicographic Product of Graphs date: 2023 words: 4053 flesch: 85 summary: Hence, |Nk G[H](u, v) ∩ (V (G[H])\(A× V (H)))| − |Nk G[H](u, v) ∩ (A× V (H))| = |Nk G(u) ∩ (V (G) \A)||V (H)| − |Nk G(u) ∩A||V (H)| − |V (H)| = ( |Nk G(u) ∩ (V (G) The concept of cost effective set in graph was introduced by Haynes et al. in [7]. keywords: cost; distance; effective cache: ejpam-4381.pdf plain text: ejpam-4381.txt item: #681 of 2048 id: ejpam-4382 author: Boonpok, Chawalit title: Semi-mathscr{I}-submaximality date: 2022 words: 4447 flesch: 84 summary: Semi-I -submaximal ideal topological spaces In this section, we introduce the notion of semi-I -submaximal ideal topological spaces. This paper presents the concept of semi-I -submaximal ideal topological spaces. keywords: scli; semi cache: ejpam-4382.pdf plain text: ejpam-4382.txt item: #682 of 2048 id: ejpam-4383 author: Chanmanee, Chatsuda; Chinram, Ronnason; Prasertpong, Rukchart; Julatha, Pongpun; Iampan, Aiyared title: Direct Product of Infinite Family of B-Algebras date: 2022 words: 6614 flesch: 88 summary: Since ∗i is a binary operation on Pi for all i ∈ I, we have pi ∗i qi ∈ Pi for all i ∈ I. ∈ Pi ∀i ∈ I}. keywords: i∈i cache: ejpam-4383.pdf plain text: ejpam-4383.txt item: #683 of 2048 id: ejpam-4384 author: Raad, Sameeha; AlQurashi, Khawlah title: Toeplitz Matrix and Nyström Method for Solving Linear Fractional Integro-differential Equation date: 2022 words: 4144 flesch: 74 summary: = λ Γ(α) ∫ t 0 ∫ b a F (t, s)k(x, y)[un−1(y, s)− un−2(y, s)]dyds, (8) S. Raad, K. AlQurashi / Eur. (10) Inequality (10) for n = 1, yields ||ξ1(x, t)|| ≤ σ||ξ0(x, t)|| ; ( σ = |λ|BQ(b− a) Γ(α) ) , (11) from (4) and (7), we have |ξ0(x, t)| ≤ |u0(x)|+ 1 Γ(α) ∫ t 0 |F (t, s)||f(x, s)|ds, after applying Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, we get ||ξ0(x, t)|| ≤ max a≤x≤b |u0(x)|+ 1 Γ(α) (∫ T 0 ∫ T 0 |F (t, s)|2dsdt ) 1 2 max a≤x≤b ∣∣∣ ∫ keywords: equation; error; method; nyström; solution; toeplitz cache: ejpam-4384.pdf plain text: ejpam-4384.txt item: #684 of 2048 id: ejpam-4385 author: Falcasantos, Kreanne ; Sumalpong, Felipe Jr. title: British Call Option on Stocks under Stochastic Interest Rate date: 2022 words: 8378 flesch: 85 summary: [0, T − t] with t ∈ + | Xt = x2 ] = Eµc [ ( λx1Z µc t,T + (1− λ)x3Z µc t,T − λK − (1− λ)K )+ | Xt = x2 ] = Eµc [ ( λx1Z µc t,T − λK + (1− λ)x3Z µc t,T − (1− λ)K )+ | Xt = x2 ] = Eµc [( (λx1Z µc t,T − λK) + ((1− λ)x3Z µc t,T − (1− λ)K) )+ |Xt = x2 ] ≤ λEµc [( x1Z µc t,TK )+ |Xt = x1 ] + (1− λ)Eµc [( x3Z µc t,T −K )+ |Xt = x3 ] = λGµc(t, x1) + (1− λ)Gµc(t, x3). keywords: option; price; t t; ∂2v cache: ejpam-4385.pdf plain text: ejpam-4385.txt item: #685 of 2048 id: ejpam-4387 author: Kalantan, Lutfi ; Mansouri, Mai title: Results about P-Normality date: 2022 words: 5331 flesch: 83 summary: A topological spaceX is called P -normal if there exist a normal space Y and a bijective function f : X −→ Y such that the restriction f|A : A −→ f(A) is a homeomorphism for each paracompact subspace A topological space X is called P -normal if there exist a normal space Y and a bijective function f : X −→ Y such that the restriction f|A : A −→ f(A) is a homeomorphism for each paracompact subspace keywords: -normal; space cache: ejpam-4387.pdf plain text: ejpam-4387.txt item: #686 of 2048 id: ejpam-4391 author: Mohanta, Kshitish Kumar; Sharanappa, Deena Sunil; Dabke, Devika; Mishra, Lakshmi Narayan; Mishra, Vishnu Narayan title: Data Envelopment Analysis on the Context of Spherical Fuzzy Inputs and Outputs date: 2022 words: 7718 flesch: 76 summary: The difference between Intuitionistic fuzzy set, Pythagorean fuzzy set, Neutrosophic fuzzy set, and spherical fuzzy set are shown in Figure (1) where TA, FA and IA represents the truth, falsity and indeterminate membership grade for the fuzzy set A. Figure 1: Representation of the fuzzy set and it’s extension in geometrically 7 3d drawing ⟨0, 0, 0⟩ ⟨1, 0, 0⟩ ⟨0, 1, 0⟩ ⟨0, 0, 1⟩ TA FA IA Spherical Fuzzy Set Neutrosophic Fuzzy Set Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Pythogorean Fuzzy Set 4 V. N. Mishra et al. / Eur. In this study, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models are improved by employing spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs), which is an extension of generalized fuzzy sets. keywords: data; dea; fuzzy; i=1; k=1 cache: ejpam-4391.pdf plain text: ejpam-4391.txt item: #687 of 2048 id: ejpam-4392 author: Hamiti, Valdete Rexhëbeqaj; Gjonbalaj, Qefsere Doko title: On M−quasi Paranormal Operators date: 2022 words: 2891 flesch: 80 summary: we write the spectrum of T, the r(T ) is the spectral radius of operator T which is defined by r(T ) The σa(T ) is the approximate point spectrum of operator T and it is proved that if λ ∈ σa(T ), then exists sequence (xn), where ∥xn∥ = 1 and ∥(T − λI)xn∥ → 0, n → +∞ (see [6]). keywords: m−quasi; operator; paranormal cache: ejpam-4392.pdf plain text: ejpam-4392.txt item: #688 of 2048 id: ejpam-4396 author: Caraquil, Joey A. ; Baldado, Michael Jr. Patula title: Some Properties of g-Groups date: 2022 words: 4699 flesch: 84 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 08A05 Key Words and Phrases: g-group, g-subgroup, group, homomorphism, zero element 1. [1] where a new algebraic struc- ture called g-group was introduced. keywords: group cache: ejpam-4396.pdf plain text: ejpam-4396.txt item: #689 of 2048 id: ejpam-4403 author: Ngoma, Diogene Vianney Pongui; Germain Nguimbi; Vital Delmas Mabonzo; Madzou, Bienaime Bervi Bamvi title: On the Existence, Uniqueness and Application of the Finite Difference Method for Solving Cauchy-Dirichlet Problem date: 2022 words: 4052 flesch: 72 summary: Math, 15 (3) (2022), 1348-1362 1355 < Aλv, v >=  2v1 − v2 − v1 + 2v2 − v3 −v2 + 2v3 − v4 ... −vN−2 + 2vN−1 − vN −vN−1 + 2vN   v1 v2 v3 ... vN−1 vN  ; < Aλv, v >= (2v1−v2)v1+(−v1+2v2−v3)v2+(−v2+2v3−v4)v3+(−vN−2+2vN−1−vN )vN−1+(−vN−1+2vN )vN < Aλv, v >= N∑ i=1 [−vi−1 + 2vi − vi+1]vi < Aλv, v >= N∑ i=1 (−vi−1vi) + N∑ i=1 (2v2i ) + N∑ i=1 (−vi+1vi) or N∑ i=1 (−vi+1vi) = fi (36) therefore, −µ ∆x2 (ui+1 − 2ui − ui−1) + ci ∆x (ui+1 − ui) = fi (37) keywords: cauchy; numerical; problem cache: ejpam-4403.pdf plain text: ejpam-4403.txt item: #690 of 2048 id: ejpam-4406 author: Wannan, Rania; Aslam, Muhammad ; Farman, Muhammad ; Akgül, Ali ; Kouser, Farhina ; Asad, Jihad title: Fractional Order Techniques for Stiff Differential Equations Arising from Chemistry Kinetics date: 2022 words: 3277 flesch: 84 summary: By using norm properties, then the iteration is H-Stable ∥H[y1(n)(t)]−H[y1(m)(t)]∥ ≤ ∥y1(n)(t)− y1(m)(t)∥+ ST−1[ 1− α B(α)αΓ(α+ 1)Eα(− 1 (1−α)w α) ×ST (−M1∥y1(n) − y1(m)∥+M3∥y2(n)y3(n) − y2(m)y3(m)∥)], ∥H[y2(n)(t)]−H[y2(m)(t)]∥ ≤ ∥y2(n)(t)− y2(m)(t)∥+ ST−1[ 1− α B(α)αΓ(α+ 1)Eα(− 1 (1−α)w α) ×ST (M1∥y1(n) − y1(m))∥+ ∥M3y2(n)(y3(n) keywords: fractional; st−1 cache: ejpam-4406.pdf plain text: ejpam-4406.txt item: #691 of 2048 id: ejpam-4412 author: Rashid, Mohammad H.M.; Altaweel, Nifeen title: The Fuglede-Putnam Theorem and Quasinormality for Class p-wA(s, t) Operators date: 2022 words: 9863 flesch: 88 summary: Let S = T ∗ = R as in Example 2 and X = P be the orthogonal projection onto ker(S). Let T = R and L = P be the orthogonal projection onto ker(T ). keywords: class; ker(t; operator; theorem; wa(s cache: ejpam-4412.pdf plain text: ejpam-4412.txt item: #692 of 2048 id: ejpam-4416 author: Alib, Clarence; Magpantay, Daryl M. title: Some Parameters of the Central Graphs of the Identity Graphs of Finite Cyclic Groups date: 2022 words: 4564 flesch: 93 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C07, 05C12, 05C25 Key Words and Phrases: Cyclic group, Identity graph of a group, Handshaking lemma, Central graph of a graph, Distance, Eccentricities, Radius, Diameter, Center of a graph, Periphery of a graph, Girth 1. They represented every finite group in the form of graph and choose to call these graphs as identity graphs since the main role of obtaining the graph is played by ∗Corresponding author. keywords: c(γcn; graph; group cache: ejpam-4416.pdf plain text: ejpam-4416.txt item: #693 of 2048 id: ejpam-4420 author: Boonthiem, Somchit; Moumeesri, Adisak ; Klongdee, Watcharin; Ieosanurak, Weenakorn title: A New Sushila Distribution: Properties and Applications date: 2022 words: 6197 flesch: 73 summary: In this paper, we introduce a new continuous distribution mixing exponential and gamma distributions, called new Sushila distribution. We define new Sushila distribution and its properties in Section 2. keywords: distribution; function; new; sushila; θ α cache: ejpam-4420.pdf plain text: ejpam-4420.txt item: #694 of 2048 id: ejpam-4422 author: Alomari, Omar; Abudayah, Mohammad; Ghanem, Manal title: On the Cospectrality of Hermitian Adjacency Matrices of Mixed Graphs date: 2022 words: 2757 flesch: 80 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C20, 05C50, 15A30 Key Words and Phrases: Adjacency Matrix, Mixed graphs, Hermitian Matrix, Spectrum, Cospectrality 1. Recently, many researchers have proposed other Hermitian adjacency matrices of mixed graphs. keywords: graph cache: ejpam-4422.pdf plain text: ejpam-4422.txt item: #695 of 2048 id: ejpam-4424 author: Han, GilJun; Kim, Hwajoon title: On the Relationship between the Integral of Derivative and the Derivative of the Integral date: 2022 words: 1566 flesch: 75 summary: If a(x) and b(x) are constants, we can easily see that d dx ( ∫ b a f(x, t) dt) = ∫ b a ∂ ∂x f(x, t) dt. keywords: integral cache: ejpam-4424.pdf plain text: ejpam-4424.txt item: #696 of 2048 id: ejpam-4425 author: Ibtihal.J.M; Mohammad, Ali J. title: Neural Network of Multivariate Square Rational Bernstein Operators with Positive Integer Parameter date: 2022 words: 3406 flesch: 74 summary: = O(n−(α−ε)m), as n −→ ∞ for function f ∈ Lip(β), 0<ε<α. □ I.J. Mohammad, A.J. Mohammad / Eur. integral bernstein type of neural network operators. keywords: function cache: ejpam-4425.pdf plain text: ejpam-4425.txt item: #697 of 2048 id: ejpam-4426 author: Cabaro, Jean Mansanadez; Rara, Helen title: On 2-Resolving Dominating Sets in the Join, Corona and Lexicographic Product of Two Graphs date: 2022 words: 3590 flesch: 85 summary: Introduction The problem of uniquely determining the location of an intruder in a network was the principal motivation of introducing the concept of metric dimension in graphs by Slater [7], where the metric generators were called locating sets. A set S ⊆ V (G ◦H) is a 2-resolving set of G ◦H if and only if S = A∪B, where A ⊆ V (G) and B = ⋃ {Sv : Sv is a 2-resolving set of Hv, for all v ∈ V (G)}. keywords: resolving; set cache: ejpam-4426.pdf plain text: ejpam-4426.txt item: #698 of 2048 id: ejpam-4427 author: Cabaro, Jean Mansanadez; Rara, Helen title: Restrained 2-Resolving Sets in the Join, Corona and Lexicographic Product of Two Graphs date: 2022 words: 3297 flesch: 86 summary: Introduction The problem of uniquely determining the location of an intruder in a network was the principal motivation of introducing the concept of metric dimension in graphs by Slater [8], where the metric generators were called locating sets. The concept of metric dimension of a graph was also introduced independently by Harary and Melter in [4] where metric generators were called resolving sets. keywords: resolving; set cache: ejpam-4427.pdf plain text: ejpam-4427.txt item: #699 of 2048 id: ejpam-4429 author: Srivastava, Hari M. title: Some Double Integrals Stemming from the Boltzmann Equation in the Kinetic Theory of Gasses date: 2022 words: 3488 flesch: 61 summary: [16] H. M. Srivastava, Certain double integrals involving hypergeometric functions, Jñānābha Section A, 1: 1–10, 1971. (1) DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v15i3.4429 Email addresses: harimsri@math.uvic.ca (H. M. Srivastava) https://www.ejpam.com 810 © 2022 EJPAM All rights reserved. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-4429.pdf plain text: ejpam-4429.txt item: #700 of 2048 id: ejpam-4431 author: Aliyev, Samed Jahangir; Tahirov, Bahadur O.; Hashimova, Tarana A. title: Variative Problems in Teaching Mathematics date: 2022 words: 2589 flesch: 71 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 97G10, 97G30, 97G40 Key Words and Phrases: Variative problem, variation of problem conditions, multivariate problems. Such problems are called variative problem. keywords: circle; problem; trapezoid cache: ejpam-4431.pdf plain text: ejpam-4431.txt item: #701 of 2048 id: ejpam-4432 author: Rezk, Eman; Abughazalah, Nabilah title: Annihilator Hyperideals in Strong Bounded Dual Distributive Meet-hyperlattice date: 2022 words: 5548 flesch: 82 summary: In this paper, we study the properties of annihilator hyperideals in the class of strong bounded dual distributive meet-hyperlattice. Representation and characterization theorems of annihilator hyperideals in sub-meet-hyperlattice and product meet-hyperlattice are proved. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 06B75, 06F99, 08A05 Key Words and Phrases: Annihilator,Boolean algebra, Homomorphism, Hyperideal, Hyperlat- tice 1. keywords: meet cache: ejpam-4432.pdf plain text: ejpam-4432.txt item: #702 of 2048 id: ejpam-4437 author: al-Naemi, Ghada M. ; Saeed, Firas Mahmood title: A Sufficient Descent Property to Improving a ThreeTerm Conjugate Gradient Algorithm date: 2022 words: 3339 flesch: 73 summary: CG methods are iterative methods in the form of: xk+1 = xk The performance of this class of CG methods is heavily dependent on how the scalar parameter is chosen. keywords: gtk; method; optimization; term cache: ejpam-4437.pdf plain text: ejpam-4437.txt item: #703 of 2048 id: ejpam-4440 author: Sumaoy, Helyn Cosinas; Rara, Helen title: On Movable Strong Resolving Domination in Graphs date: 2022 words: 5227 flesch: 79 summary: Thus , S ̸= V (G)\Ci showing that S = V (G) or S = V (K1+G)\Ci where Ci is a γ-set of Gi for some i ∈ {1, 2, . . . Math, 15 (3) (2022), 1201-1210 1205 and (S \ {x}) ∪ {y} = V (G) \ ((C \ {x}) ∪ {y}), by Lemma 1 C ∪ {x} is a dominated superclique or (C \ y) ∪ {x} is a dominated superclique in G. For the converse, suppose C = ∅. Then, S = V (G) is strong resolving dominating set of G. Thus, S \ {x} = V (G) \ {x} is strong resolving dominating since {x} is a dominated superclique for each x ∈ V (G). keywords: dominating; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4440.pdf plain text: ejpam-4440.txt item: #704 of 2048 id: ejpam-4442 author: El-Sapa, Shreen title: The Force on a Magneto-spherical Particle Oscillating in a viscous Fluid Perpendicular to an Impermeable Planar Wall with Slippage date: 2022 words: 7042 flesch: 67 summary: Many researchers work about magnetic fields with normal convection in a permeable medium that has various implementations in energy, thermal geology, petrol extraction such as Qian and Bau [4] proved that MHD flows due to the oscillating plate. [8] studied MHD flow over a moving plate in a rotating fluid with magnetic field, Hall currents and free stream velocity. keywords: field; flow; fluid; force; frequency; journal; magnetic; oscillating; sapa; slip; sphere; wall cache: ejpam-4442.pdf plain text: ejpam-4442.txt item: #705 of 2048 id: ejpam-4446 author: Jun, Young Bae; Ahn, Sun Shin title: Lukasiewicz Fuzzy BE-algebras and BE-filters date: 2022 words: 6045 flesch: 91 summary: If ξ is a fuzzy BE-algebra of X, then its Lukasiewicz fuzzy set Lε ξ satisfies: (∀x, y ∈ X) ( Lε ξ(y) Assume that Lε ξ satisfies the condition (15) and let x, y ∈ X be such that x, y ∈ ( Lε ξ, t)∈ for t ∈ (0.5, 1]. keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-4446.pdf plain text: ejpam-4446.txt item: #706 of 2048 id: ejpam-4448 author: Abudayah, Mohammad Ali; Alomari, Omar; Sander, Torsten title: Hermitian Adjacency Matrices of Mixed Graphs date: 2022 words: 5822 flesch: 78 summary: Altogether, these arcs and digons form the edge set E(D) of D. The graph G is called the underlying graph Γ(D) of the mixed graphD. Much of the traditional terminology (e.g. being regular, being connected, vertex degree deg(·), maximum degree ∆) that is used for undirected graphs simply carries over to mixed graphs, in the sense that, D is said to have a property whenever Γ(D) has this property. To overcome this obstacle, several authors have recently defined and studied various Hermitian adjacency matrices of digraphs or mixed graphs. keywords: graph; theorem cache: ejpam-4448.pdf plain text: ejpam-4448.txt item: #707 of 2048 id: ejpam-4451 author: Cabaro, Jean Mansanadez; Rara, Helen title: Restrained 2-Resolving Dominating Sets in the Join, Corona and Lexicographic Product of Two Graphs date: 2022 words: 2593 flesch: 82 summary: A set S ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a restrained 2-resolving set in G ◦ H if and only if S = A ∪ ( ⋃ v∈V (G) Sv) satisfying the following conditions. Then S ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a restrained 2-resolving dominating set in G ◦ H if and only if S = A ∪ ( ⋃ v∈A Sv)( ⋃ w∈V (G)\A Sw) satisfying the following conditions. keywords: dominating; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4451.pdf plain text: ejpam-4451.txt item: #708 of 2048 id: ejpam-4453 author: Nieva, Alex Ralph; Nocum, Karen P. title: On Some Properties of Non-traceable Cubic Bridge Graph date: 2022 words: 5840 flesch: 91 summary: For the converse, suppose G is non-traceable graph. Fillar et al. in 2010 presented in their paper the ratio of cubic bridge graphs over cubic non-Hamiltonian graph and observed that the ratio is closer to 1 [4]. keywords: graph; vertices cache: ejpam-4453.pdf plain text: ejpam-4453.txt item: #709 of 2048 id: ejpam-4460 author: Salih, Zinah; Hassan, Basim; Sulaiman, Barah title: A New Secant Type Method with Quadratic-Order Convergence date: 2022 words: 1772 flesch: 64 summary: (4) and (5): Θ ′′ (µi)(µ− µi) 2 ∼= Θ(µi)−Θ(µ)− 1 2 Θ ′ (µi)(µ− µi) (6) This results in: Θ ′′ (µi) = Θ(µi)−Θ(µ)− 1 2Θ ′ (µi)(µ− µi) (µ− µi)2 (7) The preceding equation may be simplified by substituting µi−1 for µ: Θ ′′ (µi) = Θ(µi)−Θ(µi−1)− 1 2Θ ′ (µi)(µi−1 − µi) (µi−1 − µi)2 (8) Z. F. Salih, B. A. Hassan, B. M. Sulaiman / Eur. (2), we get: µi+1 = µi − Θ ′ (µi)(µi−1 − µi) 2 Θ(µi)−Θ(µi−1)− 1 2Θ ′(µi)(µi−1 − µi) (9) which is the new secant type method. keywords: new cache: ejpam-4460.pdf plain text: ejpam-4460.txt item: #710 of 2048 id: ejpam-4461 author: Aradais, Alkajim; Jamil, Ferdinand title: Outer-Connected Semitotal Domination in Graphs date: 2022 words: 6822 flesch: 87 summary: A semitotal dominating set S of G is an outer-connected semitotal dominating set if either S = V (G) or S ̸= V (G) satisfying the prop- erty that the subgraph induced by V (G) \ S is connected. Let S ⊆ V (Pn), be γ̃t2 - set of Pn with S ̸= V (Pn). keywords: dominating; dominating set; set cache: ejpam-4461.pdf plain text: ejpam-4461.txt item: #711 of 2048 id: ejpam-4463 author: Dammak, Oussama ; Mansour, Saber title: On Salem Formal Power Series date: 2022 words: 3638 flesch: 82 summary: The set of the so called, Pisot numbers, is usually denoted by S, it is denoted by T , the set of Salem numbers. Math, 15 (3) (2022), 1321-1330 1322 while Salem numbers are referred to as T−numbers. keywords: numbers; pisot; salem cache: ejpam-4463.pdf plain text: ejpam-4463.txt item: #712 of 2048 id: ejpam-4467 author: Ahn, Sun Shin; Roh, Eun Hwan ; Jun, Young Bae title: Ideals in BE-algebras Based on Lukasiewicz Fuzzy Set date: 2022 words: 7097 flesch: 95 summary: Hence Lεψ(x∗y) ≥ t, and so x∗y ∈ ( Lεψ, t)∈. Let x, y ∈ X and t ∈ (0.5, 1] be such that x ∈ ( Lεψ, t)∈ and y ∈ ( Lεψ, t)∈. Then Lεψ(x) ≥ t and Lεψ(y) ≥ t, which imply from (19) that 0.5 < t ≤ min{ Lεψ(x), Lεψ(y)} ≤ max{ Lεψ((x ∗ (y ∗ z)) ∗ z), 0.5} for all z ∈ X. Hence ⟨1/max{ta, tb}⟩ ∈ Lεψ by (22), and thus 1 ∈ ( Lεψ,max{ta, tb})∈. Let x, y, z ∈ X be such that x ∗ (y ∗ z) ∈ ( Lεψ,max{ta, tb})∈ and y ∈ ( Lεψ,max{ta, tb})∈. Then Lεψ(x ∗ (y ∗ z)) ≥ max{ta, tb} > 1 − max{ta, tb} and Lεψ(y) ≥ max{ta, tb} > 1 − max{ta, tb}, that is, ⟨(x ∗ (y ∗ z))/max{ta, tb}⟩ q Lεψ and ⟨y/max{ta, tb}⟩ q Lεψ. keywords: fuzzy; lεψ; y ∗; ∗ z cache: ejpam-4467.pdf plain text: ejpam-4467.txt item: #713 of 2048 id: ejpam-4468 author: Al-sharif, Sharifa Naem; Aljarrah, Ameera ; Almefleh, Hassan title: Exact Solution of Burger's Equation Using Tensor Product Technique date: 2022 words: 3381 flesch: 86 summary: Now, Ψ′ = et = Ψ, then equation (2) becomes Φ⊗Ψ+Φ′ ⊗Ψ Math, 15 (4) (2022), 1444-1454 1451 Ψ ′ Ψ = 1− f∫ dΨ Ψ = ∫ (1− f)dt ln |Ψ| = ∫ (1− f)dt Ψ = e ∫ (1−f)dt. To verify equation (5), set Φ = ex = Φ′ = Φ′′ and Ψ = e ∫ (1−f)dt and Ψ′ = (1−f)e ∫ (1−f)dt = (1 − f)Ψ, then u = Φ ⊗ Ψ, ux = Φ′ ⊗ Ψ keywords: equation cache: ejpam-4468.pdf plain text: ejpam-4468.txt item: #714 of 2048 id: ejpam-447 author: Zayed, Elsayed M. title: Dynamics of the Nonlinear Rational Difference Equation Xn+1 = AXn + BXn−k + (pXn+Xn−k) / (q+Xn-k) date: 2010 words: 5402 flesch: 81 summary: Then, from Eq.(10) we deduce that ����A+ p q ����+ ����B+ 1 q ���� = (A+ B) + p+ 1 q < (A+ B) + q In particular, assume p− q ≥ − � 1+ q (A+ B) � , then we have ����A+ p q ����+ ����B+ 1 q ���� = (A+ B) + p+ 1 q ≥ (A+ B) + keywords: q �; � � cache: ejpam-447.pdf plain text: ejpam-447.txt item: #715 of 2048 id: ejpam-4470 author: F. Alidema, Artan title: Applications of Double Fuzzy Sumudu Adomain Decompositon Method for Two-dimensional Volterra Fuzzy Integral Equations date: 2022 words: 4696 flesch: 75 summary: Introduction An important branch in fuzzy mathematics is the topics of fuzzy integral equations. The problems posed in the study of fuzzy integral equations are: existence and unique- ness, boundedness of the solutions keywords: equations; integral; sumudu; transform cache: ejpam-4470.pdf plain text: ejpam-4470.txt item: #716 of 2048 id: ejpam-4476 author: Kobayashi, Yukio title: A Pegagogical Study of Geometric Relations between the Sums of Cubic Integer Numbers and the Sums of Square Integer Numbers with the Sums of Odd Numbers date: 2022 words: 4513 flesch: 76 summary: The formula n∑ k=1 k3 = ( n∑ k=1 k )2 can be proved pictorially by expressing square numbers as sums of consecutive odd numbers, with slightly different diagrams from those of well-known pictorial proofs The relationship between the sum of square numbers and that of triangular numbers can pictorially be shown by expressing the square numbers as sums of consecutive odd numbers. keywords: numbers cache: ejpam-4476.pdf plain text: ejpam-4476.txt item: #717 of 2048 id: ejpam-4478 author: Entero, Giovannie; Espinola, Stephanie title: On the Global Distance Roman Domination of Some Graphs date: 2023 words: 8880 flesch: 85 summary: Since G ∈ G, with n = |V (G)| ≥ 4, the distances and eccentricities in graph G are finite. Let G ∈ G be any graph of order n ≥ 4 and let its vertex set be V (G) = {u1, u2, u3, . . . keywords: graph g; v f; γkgr(g cache: ejpam-4478.pdf plain text: ejpam-4478.txt item: #718 of 2048 id: ejpam-4479 author: Engcot, Mark Kenneth; Petalcorin, Gaudencio Jr. title: Soft Hyper-GR Algebra date: 2022 words: 6958 flesch: 89 summary: Let S = F (0) = F (1) = {0, 1}. Let A = H and let F : A → P (H) be the set-valued function defined as follows: F (a) = ⋃ B⊂H,aR̊B⇔x⊛0≪B B, where B ⊂ H and define a relation R̊ such that aR̊B if and only if x⊛ 0 ≪ B and a ∈ A. Then F (0) = F (1) = F (2) = {0, 1, 2} = H. keywords: algebra; hyper; let cache: ejpam-4479.pdf plain text: ejpam-4479.txt item: #719 of 2048 id: ejpam-4480 author: Dela Cerna, Ramil; Canoy, Sergio title: Supercliques in a Graph date: 2022 words: 5575 flesch: 89 summary: Let x, y ∈ C with x ̸= y. Suppose first that C ⊆ V (Hv) and let x, y ∈ C where x ̸= y. Since C is a superclique in G ◦ H, there exists z ∈ V (G◦H)\C such that z ∈ NG◦H(x)\NG◦H(y) or z ∈ NG◦H(y)\NG◦H(x). keywords: graph; superclique cache: ejpam-4480.pdf plain text: ejpam-4480.txt item: #720 of 2048 id: ejpam-4484 author: Abragan, Armalene; Rara, Helen title: Restrained Strong Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2022 words: 4900 flesch: 78 summary: [8] The corona G ◦H of graphs G and H, is the graph obtained by taking one copy of G of order n and n copies of H, and then joining the ith vertex of G to every vertex of the ith copy of H. For every v ∈ V (G), denote by Hv the copy of H whose vertices are attached one by one to the vertex v. Subsequently, denote by v + Hv the subgraph of the corona G ◦H corresponding to the join ⟨{v}⟩+Hv, v ∈ V (G). ̸= ∅. Proof : Suppose S is a restrained resolving hop dominating set of G ◦ H. keywords: hop; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4484.pdf plain text: ejpam-4484.txt item: #721 of 2048 id: ejpam-4493 author: Calanza, Yves Dave; Rara, Helen title: Forcing Subsets of Connected Co-Independent Hop Domination in the Join and Corona of Graphs date: 2022 words: 6558 flesch: 85 summary: In this study, the researchers define and establish the forcing subsets of minimum con- nected co-independent hop dominating sets in graphs and generate some characterizations of forcing subsets of minimum connected co-independent hop dominating sets of graphs resulting from the join and corona of two graphs and determine the values or bounds of their corresponding forcing connected co-independent hop domination numbers. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Forcing subsets, connected co-independent hop domination, strictly co-independent set, co-independent set, join, corona 1. keywords: coi; forcing; fγch; set cache: ejpam-4493.pdf plain text: ejpam-4493.txt item: #722 of 2048 id: ejpam-4497 author: Abu-Gdairi, Radwan ; Al-Shamiri, Mohammed M. Ali; Saleh, Salem Ali Mohammed ; Al-shami, Tareq title: On b-open Sets via Infra Soft Topological Spaces date: 2022 words: 6659 flesch: 85 summary: Introduction Molodtsov [62] proposed the idea of soft set (S-set) as a new mathematical tool to deal with vagueness. Soft sets combined with fuzzy sets and rough sets: a tentative approach. keywords: set; sets; shami cache: ejpam-4497.pdf plain text: ejpam-4497.txt item: #723 of 2048 id: ejpam-4498 author: Kobayashi, Yukio title: Using the Sum of Triangular Numbers as the most Fundamental Number of Combinations Found using Heuristic Methods date: 2022 words: 5090 flesch: 72 summary: Triangular numbers The relationship between the sum of natural numbers and triangular numbers ex- pressed by (17) and (18), respectively, indicates the number of combinations, n+2C3. Square numbers The sum of natural numbers and of triangular numbers can be explained in terms of combinatorics; thus, (20) suggests that the sum of square numbers can also be implied by combinatorics, and a diagram corresponding to Figure 1 can be drawn as shown in Figure 7. keywords: numbers; triangular cache: ejpam-4498.pdf plain text: ejpam-4498.txt item: #724 of 2048 id: ejpam-450 author: Martin del Rey, Angel; Burrieza, J. Escuadra; Iglesias, J.L. Pérez; Sánchez, G. Rodríguez; Dios, A. Queiruga; de la Villa Cuenca, A. title: The Cryptographic Properties of Von Neumann Cellular Automata date: 2010 words: 4495 flesch: 60 summary: (* algebrai degree 4 *)ag[4℄={};Do[ aux=Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,15℄,1℄;AppendTo[ag[4℄,FromDigits[aux,2℄℄,{k,0,2^15-1}℄;(* algebrai degree 3 *)g={};Do[ aux1=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,0,0,0,0}℄℄,2℄;aux2=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,1,0,0,0}℄℄,2℄;aux3=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,0,1,0,0}℄℄,2℄;aux4=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,0,0,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux5=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,1,0,0,0}℄℄,2℄;aux6=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,0,1,0,0}℄℄,2℄;aux7=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,0,0,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux8=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,1,1,0,0}℄℄,2℄; REFERENCES 775aux9=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,1,0,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux10=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,0,1,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux11=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,1,1,0,0}℄℄,2℄;aux12=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,1,0,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux13=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,0,1,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux14=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{0,1,1,1,0}℄℄,2℄;aux15=FromDigits[Flatten[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,11℄,{1,1,1,1,0}℄℄,2℄;Flatten[AppendTo[g,{aux1,aux2,aux3,aux4,aux5,aux6,aux7,aux8,aux9,aux10,aux11,aux12,aux13, aux14,aux15}℄℄,{k,0,2^11-1}℄;ag[3℄=Flatten[g℄;(* algebrai degree 1 *)ag[1℄={};Do[ aux16=FromDigits[Flatten[Reverse[Append[IntegerDigits[k,2,5℄,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}℄℄℄,2℄;AppendTo[ag[1℄,aux16℄,{k,0,2^5-1}℄(* algebrai degree 2 *)total=Table[k,{k,0,2^16-1}℄;aux17=Union[ag[4℄,ag[3℄,ag[1℄,{0}℄;ag[2℄=Complement[total,aux17℄; • (* Definition of the derivative of a boolean fun tion *)der[w,b,x℄:=BitXor[f[IntegerDigits[w,2,16℄,x℄,f[IntegerDigits[w,2,16℄,BitXor[b,x℄℄℄; lass=NlBalGrad3[4℄;Nl4BalGrad3LK={};Do[ w= lass[[l℄℄;LK[w℄={};Do[ If[ Or[Table[der[w,IntegerDigits[i,2,4℄,IntegerDigits[j,2,4℄℄,{j,0,2^4-1}℄=={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},Table[der[w,IntegerDigits[i,2,4℄,IntegerDigits[j,2,4℄℄,{j,0,2^4-1}℄=={1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}℄,AppendTo[LK[w℄,i℄℄,{i,0,2^4-1}℄;If[LK[w℄=={0},AppendTo[Nl4BalGrad3LK,w℄℄,{l,1,Length[ lass℄}℄; lass=NlBalGrad3[2℄;Nl2BalGrad3LK keywords: algebraic; automata; cellular; degree; functions; properties; ℄ ℄ cache: ejpam-450.pdf plain text: ejpam-450.txt item: #725 of 2048 id: ejpam-4500 author: Pagcu, Ethel Mae; Malacas, Gina; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Locating Hop Sets in a Graph date: 2022 words: 5999 flesch: 86 summary: ∩ S. A set S ⊆ V (G) is strictly locating if it is locating and NG(u) ∩ S ̸= S for all u ∈ V (G) \ S. Locating Hop Sets in the Corona of Graphs The corona of two graphs G and H, denoted by G ◦ H, is the graph obtained by taking one copy of G of order n and n copies of H, and then joining the vertex vi of G to every vertex of the ith copy of H. For every v ∈ V (G), denote by Hv the copy of H whose vertices are joined or attached to the vertex v. Denote by v +Hv the subgraph of the corona G ◦H corresponding to the join ⟨{v}⟩+Hv. keywords: hop; locating; set cache: ejpam-4500.pdf plain text: ejpam-4500.txt item: #726 of 2048 id: ejpam-4504 author: Kanth, Vikram; Martinsen, Thor; Stanica, Pantelimon title: The Self-Shrinking Conflation Generator: A Proposed Improvement to the Self-Shrinking Generator date: 2022 words: 8649 flesch: 74 summary: In fact, the proof shows that the period of SSCG is exactly per(0 − SSG) · per(1− SSG), where per(s) is the least period of the sequence s. 3.2. Conclusions We have presented a computationally inexpensive modification to the Self-Shrinking Generator that exhibits improved period, linear complexity, and added security against several known SSG attacks. keywords: sequence; ssg; x10; x11 cache: ejpam-4504.pdf plain text: ejpam-4504.txt item: #727 of 2048 id: ejpam-4505 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina title: Generalized Laguerre-Apostol-Frobenius-Type Poly-Genocchi Polynomials of Higher Order with Parameters a, b and c date: 2022 words: 5656 flesch: 79 summary: For instance, mixing with exponential polynomials yields the Genocchi polynomials and Genocchi polynomials of higher order, which are given as follows: ∞∑ n=0 Gn(x) 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B68, 11B73, 05A15 Key Words and Phrases: Poly-Genocchi polynomials, Laguerre polynomials, Apostol polyno- mials, Frobenius numbers, polylogarithm function, Appell polynomials, Euler polynomials, Bernoulli polynomials 1. keywords: polynomials cache: ejpam-4505.pdf plain text: ejpam-4505.txt item: #728 of 2048 id: ejpam-4506 author: Anoche, Jesica; Aniversario, Imelda; Merca, Catherine I. title: Path-Induced Closed Geodetic Domination of Some Common Graphs and Edge Corona of Graphs date: 2023 words: 4456 flesch: 82 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Geodetic set, geodetic dominating set, path-induced closed geodetic set, path-induced closed geodetic dominating set, path-induced closed geodetic domination number 1. But these sets are not closed geodetic sets of G. Hence, G does not admit path-induced closed geodetic dominating set. keywords: dominating; graph; path; set cache: ejpam-4506.pdf plain text: ejpam-4506.txt item: #729 of 2048 id: ejpam-4507 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina title: Fourier Series for Bernoulli-Type Polynomials, Euler-Type Polynomials and Genocchi-Type Polynomials of Integer Order date: 2022 words: 6186 flesch: 90 summary: Math, 15 (4) (2022), 1662-1682 1678 and B = ln b − ln a. ∣∣∣∣∫ CN cxt (bt − at) dt tn ∣∣∣∣ ≤ ∫ CN |cxt| |bt keywords: ln b cache: ejpam-4507.pdf plain text: ejpam-4507.txt item: #730 of 2048 id: ejpam-4510 author: Jun, Young Bae; Ahn, Sun Shin; Roh, Eun Hwan title: Dokdo BE-subalgebras and BE-filters of BE-algebras date: 2022 words: 6010 flesch: 90 summary: ∈ φ̊(max,min), φs((z ∗ y) ∗ (z ∗ x)) ⊇ φs(z ∗ (y ∗ x)), φ̃((z ∗ y) ∗ (z ∗ x)) Using (BE4), (26) and (29), we have φ−((z ∗ y) ∗ (z ∗ x)) keywords: dokdo; z ∗; ∗ x; ∗ y cache: ejpam-4510.pdf plain text: ejpam-4510.txt item: #731 of 2048 id: ejpam-4511 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Grundy Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2022 words: 6172 flesch: 86 summary: It is routine to show that any rearrangement of the terms of S is not legal closed hop neighborhood sequence of G. G : v1 v2 v3v4 v5 Figure 1: A graph G such that V (G) does not form a legal closed hop neighborhood sequence Remark 2. Grundy dominating sequences on x-join product. keywords: dominating; grundy; hop; neighborhood; sequence cache: ejpam-4511.pdf plain text: ejpam-4511.txt item: #732 of 2048 id: ejpam-4513 author: Agustin, Ika Hesti; Maragadam, A. S.; Dafik; Lokesha, V.; Manjunath, M. title: Semi-Total Point Graph of Neighbourhood Edge Corona Graph OF $G$ and $H$ date: 2023 words: 5208 flesch: 84 summary: Here we concentrated on topological indices involving the number of vertices, the number of edges and the maximum and minimum vertex degree. Key Words and Phrases: Semi-Total point Graph, Corona Product of Graphs, Neighborhood Edge Corona Graph, Lower and Upper Bounds of Topological indices. keywords: dg(2; dh +; index; δg(2 cache: ejpam-4513.pdf plain text: ejpam-4513.txt item: #733 of 2048 id: ejpam-4520 author: Septory, Brian Juned; Susilowaty, Liliek ; Dafik; Lokesha, V.; Nagamani, G title: On the study of Rainbow Antimagic Connection Number of Corona Product of Graphs date: 2023 words: 7368 flesch: 90 summary: Some results on rainbow vertex connection number can see in [19], [23]. The graph K1+Sm is a connected graph with vertex set V (K1+Sm) = {a1}∪ {b1} ∪ {xj , 1 ≤ j ≤ m}, and the edge set E(K1 + Sm) = {a1b1} ∪ {a1xj , b1xj , 1 ≤ j ≤ m}. keywords: graph; j ≤; rainbow; ⌈n2 cache: ejpam-4520.pdf plain text: ejpam-4520.txt item: #734 of 2048 id: ejpam-4521 author: Calanza, Yves Dave; Rara, Helen title: Forcing Subsets of Connected Co-Independent Hop Domination in the Edge Corona and Lexicographic Product of Graphs date: 2022 words: 7573 flesch: 86 summary: In this study, the forcing subsets of minimum connected co-independent hop dominat- ing sets in graphs are defined and established and some characterizations of forcing subsets of minimum connected co-independent hop dominating sets of graphs resulting from the edge corona and lexicographic product of two graphs are generated. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Forcing subsets, connected co-independent hop, domination, co- independent set, edge corona, lexicographic product 1. keywords: coi; forcing; hop; set; γch cache: ejpam-4521.pdf plain text: ejpam-4521.txt item: #735 of 2048 id: ejpam-4522 author: Song, Seok-Zun; Ozturk, Mehmet Ali; Jun, Young Bae title: Positive Implicative Makgeolli Ideals of BCK-algebras date: 2022 words: 6623 flesch: 89 summary: ↬ (b ↬ c)) ⊆ NE(((a ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)) ↬ c) ↬ (b ↬ c)) = NE(((a ↬ c) ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)) ↬ (b ↬ c)) = NE(((a ↬ c) ↬ (b ↬ c)) ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)), HE(0) = GE(0) = GE(((a ↬ b) ↬ c) ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)) = GE(((a ↬ b) ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)) ↬ c) = GE(((a ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)) ↬ b) ↬ c) ⊇ GE(((a ↬ ((a ↬ b) ↬ c)) c and ((x ∗ z) ∗ z) ∗ (y ∗ z) ≤ (x ∗ z) ∗ y = (x ∗ y) ∗ z for all a, b, c ∈ E and x, y, z ∈ X, and so ME(((a ↬ c) ↬ c) ↬ (b ↬ c)) ⊇ ME((a ↬ b) ↬ c), GE(((a ↬ c) ↬ c) ↬ (b ↬ c)) keywords: ↬ b; ↬ c; ∗ y; ∗ z cache: ejpam-4522.pdf plain text: ejpam-4522.txt item: #736 of 2048 id: ejpam-4524 author: Ufuktepe, Unal title: Discrete Wolbachia Diffusion in Mosquito Populations with Allee Effects date: 2022 words: 2550 flesch: 68 summary: = ( B11 B12 B21 B22 ) . where B12 = b(b1 − d1) 2 − αd1 ( (b1(αcd1 − d1 − 1) + b12 + d1 ) α(b21 , B11 = b21(α+ β) + d21(α(−αb1c+ b1 − 1) + β) + b1d1(α− b1) + α− 2β) αb21 , B21 = − b2(αd1 + 2β(b1 − d1)) ( β(b1 − d1) 2 − αd1(b1(αcd1 − 1) + d1) )2 αb21d1(b1 − d1)2(αd1 + β(b1 − d1))2 , and B22 = ( αd1(b1(αcd1 − b2β(b1 − d1) 2 ) G αb21d1(b1 − d1)2(αd1 + β(b1 − d1))2 where G = (α2d21 ( b31(d2 − 1)(αcd1 + 1) + b1b2(d1(2− αc) + 1) + b21(−2b2 − d1d2 + d1)− b2d1 ) + αβd1(b1−d1) ( b1b2(d1(2− 2αc) + 3) + b31(d2 − 1) + b21(−2b2 − d1d2 + d1)− 3b2d1 ) +2β2b2(b1−d1) 3) By the trace-determinant (Jury Condition), if |trJ | − 1 < We study stability analysis of a discrete-time dynamical system of Wolbachia diffusion in mosquito populations with Allee effects on the wild mosquito population. keywords: mosquitoes; wolbachia cache: ejpam-4524.pdf plain text: ejpam-4524.txt item: #737 of 2048 id: ejpam-4528 author: Sabiri, Noureddine; Guessous, Mohamed title: Pettis Integrability in L1E′ [E] Related to the Truncation date: 2022 words: 3433 flesch: 75 summary: [16] if the set {∥f(.)∥ : f ∈ K} is UI in L1 R(µ), and we say that a set H of E-valued scalarly integrable functions is scalarly uniformly integrable briefly SUI (resp w-scalarly uniformly integrable briefly WSUI), if the set {⟨x′, f⟩ : ∥x′∥ ≤ 1, f ∈ H} (resp for each x′ ∈ E′, the set {⟨x′, f⟩ : f ∈ H}) is UI in L1 R(µ). Let E be a separable Banach space and f ∈ L1 E′ [E]. keywords: integrable; pettis cache: ejpam-4528.pdf plain text: ejpam-4528.txt item: #738 of 2048 id: ejpam-4529 author: Kim, Hwajoon; Rathie, Arjun Kumar ; Geum, Young Hee title: A Family of Optimal Cubic-Order Multiple-root Solvers and Their Dynamics date: 2023 words: 3995 flesch: 80 summary: As the first example, we select the polynomial p1(z) = (z3 − z)4 with roots z = 0,±1 of multiplicity m = 4. = (z − A)m(z − B)m with the stability analysis of strange fixed points. keywords: order; point; |ℑ(t)| cache: ejpam-4529.pdf plain text: ejpam-4529.txt item: #739 of 2048 id: ejpam-4530 author: Ahmad, Shaimaa; AL-Neima, Mohammed; Ali, Ahmed; Mahmood, Raida title: Involution t–Clean Rings with Applications date: 2022 words: 3817 flesch: 92 summary: This class called involution t-clean rings, which is a generalization of invo-clean rings and subclass of clean rings. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16E50, 16U99, 05C25 Key Words and Phrases: Clean ring, invo-clean ring, tripotent element, Hosoya polynomial, Wiener index 1. keywords: clean; invo; ring cache: ejpam-4530.pdf plain text: ejpam-4530.txt item: #740 of 2048 id: ejpam-4538 author: al-Naemi, Ghada M. title: The Convergent Properties of a New Parameter for Unconstrained Optimization date: 2022 words: 3279 flesch: 74 summary: Nonlinear conjugate gradient methods for unconstrained optimization. A robust modification of hestenes–stiefel conjugate gradient method with strong wolfe line search. keywords: conjugate; gtk; method; new; noi; optimization cache: ejpam-4538.pdf plain text: ejpam-4538.txt item: #741 of 2048 id: ejpam-454 author: Wu, Ailong; Zhang, Jine; Fu, Chaojin title: Global Asymptotical Stability of Delayed Impulsive Neural Networks without Lipschitz Neuron Activations date: 2010 words: 5386 flesch: 81 summary: Since 2 � � fi(zi(t, φ̃)) � � · � � f j(z j(t −τi j, φ̃)) � �≤ 1 r f 2 i (zi(t, φ̃))+ r f 2 j (z j(t −τi j, φ̃)) then we get V̇ (z(t, φ̃))≤ −2 n ∑ i=1 di fi(zi(t, φ̃))zi(t, φ̃) + 2 n ∑ i=1 n ∑ j=1 ai j fi(zi(t, φ̃)) · Given the vector ψ = (ψ1, · · · ,ψn) T ∈ Rn, ψ = max 1≤i≤n � �ψi � �. keywords: i=1; j �; � +; � f; � x; � � cache: ejpam-454.pdf plain text: ejpam-454.txt item: #742 of 2048 id: ejpam-4547 author: Noshad, Mahlagha; Pishkoo, Amir; Darus, Maslina title: Solving Conformable Fractional Differential Equations with ``EJS Software and Visualization of Sub-diffusion Process date: 2022 words: 4119 flesch: 52 summary: Solving conformable fractional differential equations by using EJS202 Easy Java simulation software can be used to visualize mathematical physics problems. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 26A33, 34A0812 Key Words and Phrases: Conformable fractional derivative, easy java simulations (EJS), frac-13 tional differential equation, sub-diffusion.14 15 1. Introduction16 Computer modeling and simulation are tightly intertwined. keywords: derivative; differential; diffusion; easy; equations; fractional; java; simulations cache: ejpam-4547.pdf plain text: ejpam-4547.txt item: #743 of 2048 id: ejpam-4548 author: Jahan, Iffat; Ajmal, Naseem; Davvaz, Bijan title: Subnormality and Theory of L-subgroups date: 2022 words: 10582 flesch: 85 summary: [? ] Let η ∈ L µ . [15] Let η ∈ Lµ. keywords: subgroup; subnormal cache: ejpam-4548.pdf plain text: ejpam-4548.txt item: #744 of 2048 id: ejpam-4549 author: El-Sapa, Shreen; A. Almoneef ‎, Areej title: The Axisymmetric Migration of an Aerosol Particle Embedded in a Brinkmann Medium of a Couple Stress Fluid with Slip Regime date: 2022 words: 6992 flesch: 71 summary: Additionally, the theory of couple stress fluid flow introduces nonlin- ear terms in the relationship between shear stresses and velocity gradients. Couple stress fluid flow due to slow steady oscillations of a permeable sphere. keywords: cot; couple; fluid; sin; slip; stress; α2a; θ r cache: ejpam-4549.pdf plain text: ejpam-4549.txt item: #745 of 2048 id: ejpam-4550 author: Alassane, Mahamadou; Samake, Abdoulaye ; Mahamane, Amadou ; Diallo, Ouateni title: A Mathematical Framework for Modeling the Spread of HIV-disease within two Different Age Classes date: 2023 words: 8181 flesch: 75 summary: Math, 16 (1) (2023), 207-232 224 −bκ6κ5κ1β1κ4κ3 + 2bκ2β2κ3κ4γa3 − bκ6κ5κ1β1a1κ4 − bκ6κ5κ1β1a1a2 − bκ2κ6κ5κ1κ3κ4 +2bκ5β2a1a4c2κ4 − bκ5κ1β2a1c2κ4 + 2bκ2κ6β2κ3κ4γ − κ6κ5κ1β2a1a2c3 + 2κ2β2κ3κ4γa3a4 +κ2κ6κ5κ 2 1κ3κ4 − c1β2κ3κ4κ1a3a4 − κ5κ1β2a1a4c2κ4 ) f44 = κ22 ( − κ2β2κ3κ4γa3a4 − bκ2κ6β2κ3κ4γ − bκ2β2κ3κ4γa3 + bκ6c1β2κ3κ4κ1 + bc1β2κ3κ4κ1a3 +c1β2κ3κ4κ1a3a4 − b2κ6κ5β1κ4κ3 − b2κ6κ5β1a1a2 + bκ6κ5κ1β1a1κ4 + κ6κ5κ1β2a1a2c3 −b2κ6κ5β1a1κ4 + bκ6κ5κ1β1a1a2 + κ5κ1β2a1a4c2κ4 − b2β2κ3κ4c1a3 + bκ6κ5κ1β1κ4κ3 −bβ2κ3κ4c1a3a4 − b2κ6β2κ3κ4c1 − b2κ5β2a1c2κ4 − bκ6κ5β2a1a2c3 − bκ5β2a1a4c2κ4 +bκ5κ1β2a1c2κ4 ) . κ1bκ3κ2 − κ6bκ3β1 − a1c2β2b− a1κ6β1b + κ1κ6κ3κ2 f29 = −κ6bκ4β1 + κ1κ6κ4κ2 − β2b 2c1 − κ5b 2β1 − γβ2bκ2 + κ1κ5bκ2 f30 = −β2bκ6c1 − a3β2bc1 − κ5κ6bβ1 − a3γβ2κ2 − γβ2κ6κ2 + κ1κ5κ6κ2 f31 = −a3γβ2κ3 − γβ2κ6κ3 + κ1κ5κ6κ3 − a3γβ2b− γβ2κ6b− a3γa4β2 + κ1κ5κ6b f32 = −γβ2κ4κ3 + κ1κ5κ4κ3 − β2bκ4c1 − κ5bκ4β1 − γβ2κ4κ2 + κ1κ5κ4κ2 f33 = −β2bκ3c1 − κ5bκ3β1 − γβ2κ3κ2 − a1κ5β1b + κ1κ5κ3κ2 keywords: ij1; ij2; individuals; j=1; stage cache: ejpam-4550.pdf plain text: ejpam-4550.txt item: #746 of 2048 id: ejpam-4551 author: Wellot, Yanick Alain Servais; Nkaya, Gires Dimitri title: Analytical Solution of the Ginzburg-Landau Equation date: 2022 words: 2904 flesch: 78 summary: u(x, y, t) = u(x, y, 0)+ ∫ t 0 (1+2i)∆u(x, y, s)ds−(1+2i) ∫ t 0 |u(x, y, s)|2u(x, y, s)ds+γ ∫ t 0 u(x, y, s)ds) = 0 (47) Let’s put Nu = |u(x, y, t)|2u(x, y, t), we have u(x, y, t) = u(x, y, 0)+ ∫ t 0 (1+2i)∆u(x, y, s)ds−(1+2i) ∫ t 0 Nu(x, y, s)ds+γ ∫ t 0 u(x, y, s)ds) = 0 (48) Y. A. S. Wellot, G. D. Nkaya / Eur. (52) We obtain the following canonical form: ∞∑ n=0 un(x, y, t) = u(x, y, 0)+(1+2i) ∫ t 0 ∆un(x, y, s)ds−(1+2i) ∫ t 0 Ands+γ ∫ t 0 un(x, y, s)ds (53) From (53), for γ = 1 + 2π2 9 (because γ is a constant), we obtain the following Adomian algorithm: u0(x, y, t) keywords: n=0 cache: ejpam-4551.pdf plain text: ejpam-4551.txt item: #747 of 2048 id: ejpam-4553 author: Congo, Mohamed; Ouedraogo, Marie Francoise title: Boundedness of Nonregular Pseudo-differential Operators and Their Adjoints on Variable Exponent Besov-Morrey Spaces date: 2022 words: 6178 flesch: 87 summary: The expression f ≲ g means that f ≤ cg for some independent constant c, and f ≈ g means f ≲ g ≲ f . Estimation of the term ∥∥∥∥∥ N1∑ k=0 φ̌0 ∗ fk ∥∥∥∥∥ Mp(·),u(·) One has suppF (φ̌0 ∗ fk) ⊂ {ξ ∈ Rn : |ξ| ≤ 2} . keywords: k=0; p(·),u(·),q; ℓq(·)(mp(·),u; ∥∥∥∥∥∥ cache: ejpam-4553.pdf plain text: ejpam-4553.txt item: #748 of 2048 id: ejpam-4554 author: Manzano, Jr., Ramises; Petalcorin, Jr., Gaudencio C. title: Quotient Pseudo Hyper GR-algebras date: 2022 words: 7520 flesch: 91 summary: Thus, there exists an element Iz ∈ H/I such that φ(Iz) So, there exists v ∈ y ⊛ x such that f(v) = 0H′ . keywords: pseudo cache: ejpam-4554.pdf plain text: ejpam-4554.txt item: #749 of 2048 id: ejpam-4556 author: Badjo Kimba, Abdoul Wahid; Moustapha, Dijbo; Saley, Bisso title: Mathematical Analysis and Simulation of an Age-Structured Model with Two-Patch and an Uncontrolled Migration: Application to Tuberculosis date: 2022 words: 7133 flesch: 79 summary: [λ1(t, a) + ψ1(a) + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ11]s1(t, a) + ρ21s2(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) l1(t, a) = λ1(t, a)[(1 − ϕ1)s1(t, a) + σ1j1(t, a) + δ1v1(t, a)] −(k1 + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ12)l1(t, a) + ρ22l2(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) i1(t, a) = −(r1 + µ1(a) + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ13)i1(t, a) + ρ23i2(t, a) +ϕ1λ1(t, a)s1(t, a) + k1l1(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) j1(t, a) = r1i1(t, a) − (σ1λ1(t, a) + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ14)j1(t, a) + ρ24j2(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) v1(t, a) = ψ1(a)s1(t, a) + ρ25v2(t, a) − (b(a) + ρ15 + δ1λ1(t, a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a))v1(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) s2(t, a) = α2b2(a) − [λ2(t, a) + ψ2(a) + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ21]s2(t, a) + ρ11s1(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) l2(t, a) = λ2(t, a)[(1 − ϕ2)s2(t, a) + σ2j2(t, a) + δ2v2(t, a)) −(k2 + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ22)l2(t, a) + ρ12l1(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) i2(t, a) = −(r2 + µ2(a) + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ23)i2(t, a) + ρ13i1(t, a) +ϕ2λ2(t, a)s2(t, a) + k2l2(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) j2(t, a) = r2i2(t, a) − (σ2λ2(t, a) + b(a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a) + ρ24)j2(t, a) + ρ14j1(t, a)( ∂ ∂t + ∂ ∂a ) v2(t, a) = ψ2(a)s2(t, a) + ρ15v1(t, a) − (b(a) + ρ25 + δ2λ2(t, a) − µ1(a)i1(t, a) − µ2(a)i2(t, a))v2(t, a) (5) with boundary conditions si(t, 0) = Λi; vi(t, 0) = li(t, 0) = ii(t, 0) = ji(t, 0) keywords: age; b(a; disease; model; tuberculosis; − ∫ cache: ejpam-4556.pdf plain text: ejpam-4556.txt item: #750 of 2048 id: ejpam-4558 author: Deetae, Natthinee title: Analysis and Mathematical Modeling for Flood Surveillance from Rainfall by Extreme Value Theory for Agriculture in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand date: 2022 words: 3731 flesch: 59 summary: Analysis of the generalized Pareto distribution The estimate of generalized Pareto distribution in Table 7 indicates the results of the GPD modeling on extreme rainfall data in Phitsanulok province using the threshold ap- proach. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 60G70, 62G32 Key Words and Phrases: Extreme values theory, Generalized extreme values distribution, Generalized Pareto distribution, Return level, Maximum likelihood estimation, Rainfall 1. keywords: data; distribution; maximum; rainfall; return; value cache: ejpam-4558.pdf plain text: ejpam-4558.txt item: #751 of 2048 id: ejpam-4559 author: Abdul Wahid, Nur Hazwani Aqilah; Mohamad, Daud; Kamarozzaman , Nur Maziah ; Ahamad Shahminan , Ainurraziqin title: Toeplitz Determinants for the Class of Functions with Bounded Turning date: 2022 words: 3519 flesch: 80 summary: ([7]) Let p (z) ∈ P of the form p (z) = 1 + ∞∑ n=1 pnz n and µ ∈ C. Then |pn − µpkpn−k| ⩽ 2max {1, |2µ− 1|} , [25] considered Toeplitz determinants of starlike functions connected with the sine function, and Zulfiqar et al. keywords: functions; tαδe cache: ejpam-4559.pdf plain text: ejpam-4559.txt item: #752 of 2048 id: ejpam-4568 author: Hassan, Basim A.; Sadiq, Hameed title: Efficient New Conjugate Gradient Methods for Removing Impulse Noise Images date: 2022 words: 3102 flesch: 69 summary: In this research, we derivation a new formula of conjugate gradient methods based on the quadratic model. To provide a broader context for developing conjugate gradient methods, Perry ex- tended the classical conjugate condition to: dTk+1yk = −(Hk+1gk+1) keywords: gradient; image; method; new; noise cache: ejpam-4568.pdf plain text: ejpam-4568.txt item: #753 of 2048 id: ejpam-457 author: Husain, Iqbal; Mattoo, Rumana G. title: On Mixed Type Duality for Nondifferentiable Multiobjective Variational Problems date: 2009 words: 5711 flesch: 91 summary: I , i ∈ P and g(t, x , ẋ , ẋ)≦ 0, t ∈ I , these inequalities yield, ∫ I � f i(t, x , ẋ , ẍ)d t + (x(t)T Bi(t)z i(t)) t with η implies ∑ j∈Jα ∫ I {ηT (y j(t)g j x) + (Dη) T y j(t)g j ẋ + (D2η)T y j(t)g j ẍ}d t ≦ 0 As earlier, integrating by parts and using the boundary conditions, we have ∑ j∈Jα ∫ I ηT {(y j(t)g j x ) + keywords: j(t)g; � � cache: ejpam-457.pdf plain text: ejpam-457.txt item: #754 of 2048 id: ejpam-4570 author: Alqurashi, Wafa; Thabit, Sadeq title: C-Almost Normality and L-Almost Normality date: 2022 words: 11652 flesch: 73 summary: Since X is compact space which is neither almost regular, almost normal nor Hausdorff, we conclude: X is neither C-almost regular, C-almost normal, epi-regular nor epi-almost normal. X is also Hausdorff space, which is neither Urysohn, regular, mildly normal, compact, paracompact nor epi-mildly normal keywords: compact; epi; example; space; topology cache: ejpam-4570.pdf plain text: ejpam-4570.txt item: #755 of 2048 id: ejpam-4571 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Srisarakham, Napassanan title: Weak forms of (Λ, b)-open sets and weak (Λ, b)-continuity date: 2023 words: 7270 flesch: 90 summary: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 16, No. 1, 2023, 29-43 ISSN 1307-5543 – ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Weak forms of (Λ, b)-open sets and weak (Λ, b)-continuity Chawalit Boonpok1, Napassanan Srisarakham1,∗ 1 Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Research Unit, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand Abstract. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05, 54C08, 54G05 Key Words and Phrases: (Λ, b)-open set, (Λ, b)-submaximal space, (Λ, b)-extremally discon- nected space, weakly (Λ, b)-continuous function 1. keywords: b)-open cache: ejpam-4571.pdf plain text: ejpam-4571.txt item: #756 of 2048 id: ejpam-4572 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Thongmoon, Montri title: Weak α(Λ, sp)-continuity for multifunctions date: 2023 words: 6083 flesch: 88 summary: Math, 16 (1) (2023), 465-478 471 (1) F is upper weakly α(Λ, sp)-continuous; (2) for each x ∈ X and each (Λ, sp)-open set V of Y containing F (x), there exists an α(Λ, sp)-open set U of X containing x such that F (U) ⊆ V (Λ,sp); (3) F+(V ) ⊆ Then, there exists a (Λ, sp)-open set U of X such that U ⊆ G ⊆ U (Λ,sp). keywords: sp)-open cache: ejpam-4572.pdf plain text: ejpam-4572.txt item: #757 of 2048 id: ejpam-4573 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Pue-on, Prapart title: Upper and lower weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions date: 2023 words: 4880 flesch: 83 summary: (2) For every pair of (Λ, sp)-open sets U and V whose union is X, there exist (Λ, sp)- closed sets F and H such that F ⊆ U , H ⊆ V and F ∪H = X. (3) For every (Λ, sp)-closed set F and every (Λ, sp)-open set G containing F , there exists a (Λ, sp)-open set U such that F ⊆ U ⊆ U (Λ,sp) ⊆ G. (4) For every pair of disjoint (Λ, sp)-closed sets F and H, there exist disjoint (Λ, sp)- open sets U and V A multifunction F : (X, τ) → (Y, σ) is said to be: (i) upper weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous if, for each x ∈ X and each (Λ, sp)-open set V of Y containing F (x), there exists a (Λ, sp)-open set U of X containing x such that F (U) ⊆ V (Λ,sp); (ii) lower weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous if, for each x ∈ X and each (Λ, sp)-open set V of Y such that F (x) ∩ V ̸= ∅, there exists a (Λ, sp)-open set U of X containing x keywords: sp)-open cache: ejpam-4573.pdf plain text: ejpam-4573.txt item: #758 of 2048 id: ejpam-4574 author: Etawi, Ali; Ghanem, Manal; Al-Ezeh, Hasan title: Acyclic and Star Coloring of Powers of Paths and Cycles date: 2022 words: 7272 flesch: 91 summary: − k − 1 and let w1 ∈ {1, 2, ..., j − 1}, w2 ∈ {1, 2, ..., h − 1}. Let n = (k + 1)2 + k, and c′4(vi) =  ck+2 if i = j(k + 3) for j ∈ {0, 1, ..., k − 1} ck+1 if i = k(k + 3) c′2(vi) otherwise. keywords: acyclic; coloring; k n cache: ejpam-4574.pdf plain text: ejpam-4574.txt item: #759 of 2048 id: ejpam-4575 author: Laylani, Yoksal; Hassan, Basim A. ; Khudhur, Hisham M. title: A New Class of Optimization Methods Based on Coefficient Conjugate Gradient date: 2022 words: 2654 flesch: 71 summary: Conjugate gradient methods using value of objective func- tion for unconstrained optimization optimization letters. Math, 15 (4) (2022), 1908-1916 1914 Table 1: The numerical results of the FR and New methods FR algorithm BN1 (16) BN2 (17) BN3 (18) P. No. n NI NF NI NF NI NF NI NF 1 100 19 35 18 33 18 33 18 34 1000 38 65 32 57 34 62 38 65 2 100 47 93 40 80 40 82 42 90 1000 78 131 37 78 34 74 39 85 3 100 61 1024 47 665 25 43 28 46 1000 Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail 4 100 32 64 10 21 10 21 13 27 1000 77 129 16 31 16 31 15 31 5 100 37 67 40 63 40 63 44 70 1000 73 115 65 102 67 107 61 98 6 100 15 31 8 17 8 17 8 17 1000 8 17 7 15 7 15 7 15 7 100 40 65 35 56 37 58 36 56 1000 43 68 49 382 39 59 42 65 8 100 69 1202 45 637 38 364 26 48 1000 98 1967 65 1279 43 440 33 257 9 100 671 1066 441 689 480 763 612 982 1000 Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail 10 100 20 33 10 19 10 19 10 19 1000 19 35 9 18 9 18 9 18 11 100 49 80 15 28 14 26 15 26 1000 129 166 13 26 13 26 13 26 12 100 43 88 38 86 33 75 37 79 1000 46 92 34 77 35 76 40 89 13 100 122 156 12 23 12 23 12 23 1000 130 166 12 23 12 23 12 23 14 100 112 147 34 57 37 61 34 58 1000 110 145 38 58 40 60 35 55 15 100 32 52 12 24 12 24 16 32 1000 22 42 12 24 12 24 19 38 Total 2240 7341 1194 4668 1175 2687 1314 2472 The novel procedure saves NI and NF over time when compared to the conventional Fletcher and Reeves (FR) methodology, notably for our set of test problems, as demon- strated in Table 2. keywords: conjugate; fail; gradient; new cache: ejpam-4575.pdf plain text: ejpam-4575.txt item: #760 of 2048 id: ejpam-4577 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Hop Independent Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2022 words: 6649 flesch: 82 summary: The minimum cardinality of hop independent hop dominating set of G, denoted by γhih(G), is called the hop independent hop domination number of G. In this paper, we show that the hop independent hop domination number of a graph G lies between the hop domination number and the hop independence number of graph G. We characterize these types of sets in the shadow graph, join, corona, and lexicographic product of two graphs. Any total dominating hop independent hop dominating set D with cardinality γhiht (G) is referred to as a γhiht -set. keywords: dominating; hop; hop dominating; independent; set cache: ejpam-4577.pdf plain text: ejpam-4577.txt item: #761 of 2048 id: ejpam-4578 author: Mohamad, Jerson; Rara, Helen title: Strong Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6462 flesch: 83 summary: x, y ∈ V (G) such that x ∈ WG where WG is a strong resolving set of G; (iv) Tx = V (H) for every x ∈ S with degG(x) = |V (G)| − 1. For (iii), let x, y ∈ V (G) such that xMMDy. keywords: hop; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4578.pdf plain text: ejpam-4578.txt item: #762 of 2048 id: ejpam-4579 author: Hassan, Basim A.; Alashoor, Haneen title: A New Type Coefficient Conjugate on the Gradient Methods for Impulse Noise Removal in Images date: 2022 words: 2638 flesch: 71 summary: In the convergence analysis and implementations of conjugate gradient methods, the Wolfe condition is often used to find the step length αk satisfying: f(uk + akdk) Deriving new coefficient conjugate for conjugate gradient methods We will assume that f is quadratic and exact line search are being used. keywords: conjugate; gradient; hassan; method cache: ejpam-4579.pdf plain text: ejpam-4579.txt item: #763 of 2048 id: ejpam-4580 author: Lohaj, Shqipe title: Structural and Spectral Properties of k-Quasi Class Q(N) and k-Quasi Class Q*(N) Operators date: 2022 words: 5251 flesch: 85 summary: we write the spectrum of T, the r(T ) is the spectral radius of operator T which is defined by r(T ) The σa(T ) is the approximate point spectrum of operator T and it is proved that if λ ∈ σa(T ), then there exist the sequence (xn), such as ∥xn∥ = 1 and ∥(T − λI)xn∥ → 0, n → ∞. The null operator and the identity on H will be denoted by O and I, respectively. keywords: class; k−quasi; k−quasi class; operator; q(n cache: ejpam-4580.pdf plain text: ejpam-4580.txt item: #764 of 2048 id: ejpam-4581 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: Upper and Lower Almost Contra-(Λ, sp)-continuity date: 2023 words: 5405 flesch: 84 summary: A topological space (X, τ) is called strongly s(Λ, sp)-regular if, for each s(Λ, sp)-closed set K and each x ∈ X −K, there exists a r(Λ, sp)-closed set F containing x such that F ∩K = ∅. Lemma 6. For a multifunction F : (X, τ) → (Y, σ), the following properties are equiv- alent: (1) F is upper almost contra-(Λ, sp)-continuous; (2) F+(K) is (Λ, sp)-open in X for every r(Λ, sp)-closed set K of Y ; (3) F−(V ) is (Λ, sp)-closed in X for every r(Λ, sp)-open set V of Y ; (4) F−([V (Λ,sp)](Λ,sp)) is (Λ, sp)-closed in X for every (Λ, sp)-open set V of Y ; (5) F+([K(Λ,sp)] (Λ,sp)) is (Λ, sp)-open in X for every (Λ, sp)-closed set K of Y ; (6) for each x ∈ X and for each s(Λ, sp)-open set V of Y with F (x) ⊆ V , there exists a (Λ, sp)-open set U of X containing x such that F (U) ⊆ V (Λ,sp); (7) F+(V ) ⊆ keywords: set; sp)-open cache: ejpam-4581.pdf plain text: ejpam-4581.txt item: #765 of 2048 id: ejpam-4582 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Viriyapong, Chokchai title: On Some Forms of Closed Sets and Related Topics date: 2023 words: 11838 flesch: 91 summary: Then, we have [X − U (Λ,s)] ∩ U = ∅. Since X − U (Λ,s) is (Λ, s)-open and by (4), By the hypothesis, we have X = (X − F ) ∪A(Λ,s) and hence F = F ∩ [(X − F ) ∪A(Λ,s)] = F ∩A(Λ,s) ⊆ A(Λ,s). keywords: set cache: ejpam-4582.pdf plain text: ejpam-4582.txt item: #766 of 2048 id: ejpam-4583 author: Alqahtani, Mesfer Hayyan title: $F-$open and $F-$closed sets in Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 6535 flesch: 90 summary: In general, countable union of F -open sets may not be F -open set. In general countable intersection of F -open sets may not be F -open set. keywords: intf; set cache: ejpam-4583.pdf plain text: ejpam-4583.txt item: #767 of 2048 id: ejpam-4585 author: Mahistrado, Angelica Mae; Rara, Helen title: On 2-Resolving Hop Dominating Sets in the Join, Corona and Lexicographic Product of Graphs date: 2022 words: 7108 flesch: 82 summary: A set C ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a hop dominating set of G ◦H if and only if C = A ∪  ⋃ v∈V (G)∩NG(A) A set S ⊆ V (G ◦H) is a 2-resolving hop dominating set of G ◦H if and only if S = A ∪  ⋃ v∈V (G)∩NG(A) keywords: dominating; lnpnd; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4585.pdf plain text: ejpam-4585.txt item: #768 of 2048 id: ejpam-4586 author: Zangré, W. Achile; Conseibo, André title: Classification of Four Dimensional Train Algebras of Degree 2 and Exponent 4 date: 2022 words: 10922 flesch: 90 summary: Case: α0 ̸= 0 and α1 ̸= 0, then 0 = γ = ρ = µ = β1γ1. = γ1µ1 = 0. i) µ1 ̸= 0, then γ0 = γ1 = 0 and e2 = e, ee0 = 1 2e0, ee1 = 0, ee2 = λe2, e20 = e1, e21 = 0, e22 = 0, e0e1 = e2, e0e2 = 0, e1e2 = µe0. keywords: = 0; = e0; = e2; e0e1 =; ee1; ee2; λe2 cache: ejpam-4586.pdf plain text: ejpam-4586.txt item: #769 of 2048 id: ejpam-4587 author: Hamja, Jamil; Aniversario, Imelda S. ; Merca, Catherina I. title: Weakly Connected Hop Domination in Graphs Resulting from Some Binary Operations date: 2023 words: 5434 flesch: 83 summary: Pick u ∈ S ∩ V (G) and v ∈ S ∩ V (H). The corona G ◦H of graphs G and H, is the graph obtained by taking one copy of G and |V (G)| copies of H, and then joining the ith vertex of G to every vertex of the ith copy of H. For every v ∈ V (G), denote by Hv the copy of H whose vertices are attached one by one to the vertex v. Subsequently, denote by v+Hv the subgraph of the corona G ◦H corresponding to the join ⟨{v}⟩+Hv, v ∈ V (G), Harary keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-4587.pdf plain text: ejpam-4587.txt item: #770 of 2048 id: ejpam-459 author: Alagoz, Yasemin; Soyucok, Ziya title: On the Transformations Preserving Asymptotic Directions of Hypersurfaces in the Euclidean Space date: 2009 words: 2672 flesch: 88 summary: T,n−2T,nT,i j � � � x n ,n−1 + � � � T,1T,2 ... T,n−1T,nj � � � x n ,i + � � � T,nT,2 ... T,n−1T,nj � � � x n ,i x n ,1 + � � � T,1T,n ... T,n−1T,nj � � � x n ,i x n ,2 Y. Alagöz and Z. Soyuçok / Eur. T,n−2T,nT,nj � � � x n ,i x n ,n−1 + � � � T,1T,2 ... T,n−1T,in � � � x n , j + � � � T,nT,2 ... T,n−1T,in � � � x n , j x n ,1 + � � � T,1T,n ... T,n−1T,in � � � x n , j x n ,2 +...+ � � � T,1T,2 ... keywords: � � cache: ejpam-459.pdf plain text: ejpam-459.txt item: #771 of 2048 id: ejpam-4590 author: Saromines, Chrisley Jade; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Outer-connected Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2022 words: 7539 flesch: 88 summary: Then a subset C of V (G ◦H) is an outer connected hop dominating set of G ◦H if and only if C = A ∪  ⋃ v∈V (G) Sv  where Sv ⊆ V (Hv) for each v ∈ V (G) and satisfies each of the following statements: (i) A = V (G) or ⟨V (G) \A⟩ is connected. Let C be an outer-connected hop dominating set of G ◦H, Sv = V (Hv)∩C for each v ∈ V (G) and set A = V (G)∩C. Suppose A ̸= V (G). keywords: dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4590.pdf plain text: ejpam-4590.txt item: #772 of 2048 id: ejpam-4592 author: Farhat, Yasser ; Amel Souhail; Vigneswaran, Vadakasi; Krishnan, Muthumari title: Special Sequences on Generalized Metric Spaces date: 2022 words: 9602 flesch: 88 summary: Cauchy sequence Bourbaki− Cauchy sequence / Theorem 11 provides an easy way to check, in a generalized metric space, whether a given sequence is Bourbaki-Cauchy or not. Cauchy sequence pseudo− Cauchy sequence / keywords: metric; sequence cache: ejpam-4592.pdf plain text: ejpam-4592.txt item: #773 of 2048 id: ejpam-4596 author: Tantong, Piyaporn; Sawatraksa, Nares title: Regularity on Variants of Transformation Semigroups that Preserve an Equivalence Relation date: 2022 words: 5561 flesch: 86 summary: For each A ∈ X/E, we choose A′ ∈ X/E such that A ∩Xαθ ⊆ A′θαθ. ∈ A′ such that x′θαθ ∈ P and A′ ∈ X/E. We also have that keywords: regular; te(x cache: ejpam-4596.pdf plain text: ejpam-4596.txt item: #774 of 2048 id: ejpam-4597 author: Saleh, Salem Ali Mohammed; Al-Mufarrij, Jawaher title: On g-regularity and g-normality in Fuzzy Soft Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 5784 flesch: 91 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A40, 54C08, 54D15 Key Words and Phrases: Fuzzy soft set, fuzzy soft g-closed set, quasi coincident, fuzzy soft g-continuous maps, fuzzy soft g-regular, fuzzy soft g-normal space 1. [30] defined and studied the notion of topological structure for fuzzy soft sets and studied many related concepts. keywords: fuzzy; set cache: ejpam-4597.pdf plain text: ejpam-4597.txt item: #775 of 2048 id: ejpam-4598 author: AlShammari, Ibtesam Eid title: Epi-completely Regular Topological Spaces date: 2022 words: 6704 flesch: 75 summary: A note of quasi-normal spaces. [30, Example 15], and the either-or-topology [30, Example 17], are normal compact spaces, which are neither epi-completely-regular, epi-regular nor epi-normal. keywords: epi; example; hausdorff; space; topology cache: ejpam-4598.pdf plain text: ejpam-4598.txt item: #776 of 2048 id: ejpam-4599 author: Mohammed, Amal Jasim; Al-Ramadhani, Sohaib Talal ; Darghoth, Rabeea Mohammed Hani title: The Possible Solutions for the two KdV-type Equations Using a Semi-analytical Kamal-iteration Method date: 2022 words: 5855 flesch: 78 summary: [3, 9, 11, 28] of the form (∂t − 6 w(x, t) ∂x + ∂xx)w(x, t) (1) is w = w(x, t) which is travelling wave solution tends to zero as |x| → ∞. This kind of equation is classified with the group of integrable equations such as; the nonlinear Schrödinger, Sine-Gordon, Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Bogoyavlensky- Konopelchenko equations [12, 13, 19, 27]. keywords: iteration; method; solution; w(x cache: ejpam-4599.pdf plain text: ejpam-4599.txt item: #777 of 2048 id: ejpam-4607 author: Kalantan, Lutfi; Alawadi, Alyaa; Thabit, Sadeq title: Results about C-κ-normality and C-mild normality date: 2023 words: 4371 flesch: 78 summary: Let X and Y be minimal Hausdorff spaces, if X and Y are κ-normal spaces then X Since (X ,τ ) and (Y ,τ ′ ) are nearly compact Hausdorff spaces, we get (X,τ s) and (Y ,τ ′s) are Hausdorff compact spaces [20], and (X,τ s) × (Y ,τ ′s) is a T2 compact topological space which is coarser than the topology on X ×Y . keywords: hausdorff; normality; space cache: ejpam-4607.pdf plain text: ejpam-4607.txt item: #778 of 2048 id: ejpam-4608 author: Sabri, Dilheen; Zekri, Hussein title: Numerical Assessment of Gravity for Sloshing in Tank Using OpenFOAM date: 2022 words: 3635 flesch: 64 summary: They also analyzed free surface, size of the wetted region, and the pressure distribution along the wetted region with and without gravity. Math, 15 (4) (2022), 2022-2031 2029 Figure 5: Free surface, with (blue dots) and without (black dots) gravity at t = 1.2 s. Figure 6: Free surface, with (blue dots) and without (black dots) gravity at t = 1.3 s. Figure 7: Pressure distribution, with (blue line) and without (black line) gravity at t = 1.2 s. is contributing to this impact and its parameters. keywords: figure; gravity; point; pressure; sloshing; surface; tank cache: ejpam-4608.pdf plain text: ejpam-4608.txt item: #779 of 2048 id: ejpam-4610 author: Bonsocan, Maria Andrea; Jamil, Ferdinand title: Transversal Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 7251 flesch: 92 summary: We also denote by Hv + v that subgraph ⟨{v} ∪ V (Hv)⟩ of G ◦H induced by {v} ∪ V (Hv). To show that S∗ is a hop dominating set of G ◦H, it is enough to consider only the vertices in V (G) ∩ (NG(z) ∪NG(w)). keywords: dominating; hop; set; γ̂h(g cache: ejpam-4610.pdf plain text: ejpam-4610.txt item: #780 of 2048 id: ejpam-4612 author: Jakfar, Muhammad; Manuharawati, Manuharawati; Lukito, Agung; Fiangga, Shofan title: Inner Products on Discrete Morrey Spaces date: 2023 words: 4040 flesch: 88 summary: For each n ∈ N, take u = p and λ(n) = ( 1 k 1 p+ 1 n ) with λk(n) To show that the inclusion is strict, we need to find λ = (λk)k∈Z such that ∥λ∥mv,2 < ∞ but ∥λ∥mu,p = ∞. Choose u = p and λ = (λk)k∈Z with λk keywords: space cache: ejpam-4612.pdf plain text: ejpam-4612.txt item: #781 of 2048 id: ejpam-4613 author: Dhaher, Ghanim; Shexo, Ahmed title: Using Kriging Technique to Interpolate and Forecasting Temperatures Spatio-Temporal Data date: 2023 words: 3995 flesch: 66 summary: Dynamic semi-parameter factor model uses for temperature data covering a large area of Mosul city in Iraq and evaluating its performance rather than Baghdad city. To obtain the number of dynamic semi parameter factor model, we use the value, ”Value” which can be clear as the shown difference of the model and written as follows: v1 = T∑ t=1 I∑ i=1 { Z(t,i) −mo (xt,i)− L∑ l=1 Ẑ(t,l) · keywords: city; data; factor; function; kriging; model; mosul; temperature; variogram cache: ejpam-4613.pdf plain text: ejpam-4613.txt item: #782 of 2048 id: ejpam-4614 author: Wardhani, Laksmi Prita; Rukmi, Alvida Mustika; Ardamayanti, Thaliah Fauz title: Investigating the Association Between Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions and Energy Consumption on the Economic Growth of Clusterized Countries in the World date: 2023 words: 4828 flesch: 62 summary: Other countries that have also succeeded in increasing economic growth and reducing CO2 emissions are Malta and Gambia. We use a large volume of data related to CO2 emissions per capita and energy consumption per capita of each country in the world, so a clustering process is needed using the K-Means method, which divides the country into three cluster labels: high, medium, and low. keywords: cluster; co2; consumption; countries; data; emissions; energy; energy consumption; gdp; low; medium; regression cache: ejpam-4614.pdf plain text: ejpam-4614.txt item: #783 of 2048 id: ejpam-4615 author: Ibrahim, Basar; Zekri, Hussein title: Numerical Assessment of Symmetric Wedge Water-entry Impact Using OpenFOAM date: 2022 words: 4160 flesch: 61 summary: Numerical assessment of turbulence effect on forces, spray parameters, and secondary impact in wedge water entry problem using k-ε method. (a) (b) Figure 5: Predicted pressure contours during wedge water entry for the laminar case with all features included. keywords: distribution; entry; figure; flow; gravity; numerical; pressure; surface; water; wedge cache: ejpam-4615.pdf plain text: ejpam-4615.txt item: #784 of 2048 id: ejpam-4616 author: Gaketem, Thiti; Prommai, Tanaphong title: On Interval Valued Fuzzy Bi-interior Ideals in Semigroups date: 2023 words: 3969 flesch: 86 summary: We have µ̃ ⊓ χ̃S ⊑ χ̃S ◦ µ̃ ◦ χ̃S ⊓ µ̃ ◦ χ̃S ◦ µ̃ and implies that µ̃ ⊑ χ̃S ◦ µ̃ ◦ χ̃S ⊓ µ̃ ◦ χ̃S ◦ Then S is regular if and only if µ̃ ⊓ λ̃⊆̃λ̃ ◦ µ̃ ◦ λ̃ ⊓ µ̃ ◦ λ̃ ◦ µ̃ for every IVF bi-interior ideal µ̃ and every IVF ideal λ̃ of S. REFERENCES 129 Proof. keywords: ideal; ivf; χ̃s cache: ejpam-4616.pdf plain text: ejpam-4616.txt item: #785 of 2048 id: ejpam-4619 author: Mohammad T., Saja O. ; Saeed Chilmeran, Hamsa Th. ; Al-Kawaz, Rana Z. title: A New Scalar of Conjugate Gradient Methods for Solving Unconstrained Minimization date: 2023 words: 2998 flesch: 67 summary: Ak ωT k Akωk + sks T k sTk ωk )) µk+1 (13) Then we make the search direction memoryless, i.e. by replacing each Ak = I, we get: pk+1 = − ωT k sk ∥µk∥2 ( µk+1 − ωT k µk+1 ∥ωk∥2 ωk + sTk µk+1 sTk ωk sk ) (14) To increase the efficiency of the search direction for CG methods, we equate it with the new search direction for QN methods, and we deduce from the equation a new γk parameter as in the following steps: −µk+1 + γksk = − ωT k sk ∥µk∥2 ( µk+1 − ωT k µk+1 ∥ωk∥2 ωk + sTk µk+1 sTk ωk sk ) (15) A modified bat algorithm with conjugate gradient method for global optimization. keywords: stk; µk+1 cache: ejpam-4619.pdf plain text: ejpam-4619.txt item: #786 of 2048 id: ejpam-462 author: Howe, Andrew; Bozdogan, Hamparsum title: Predictive Subset VAR Modeling Using the Genetic Algorithm and Information Complexity date: 2010 words: 8632 flesch: 62 summary: [14] and Penm and Terrell [18] recommend subset VAR models which are basically saturated VAR(q∗) models, where q∗ < order of full saturated model. While one simulation took at most 15 minutes, obtaining results across many simulations is recommended, due to the fact that there are 9.808×1055 possible REFERENCES 404 subset VAR models. keywords: appl; bozdogan; data; eur; howe; icom; math; matrix; model; pure; subset; var cache: ejpam-462.pdf plain text: ejpam-462.txt item: #787 of 2048 id: ejpam-4624 author: Al-Omeri, Wadei Faris title: Double Fuzzy $\delta$-Continuous Functions in Double Fuzzy Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 6841 flesch: 92 summary: For any double fuzzy set ρ in an double fuzzy topology (T , T ∗) on X, IT ,T ∗(CT ,T ∗(ρ, r, s)) is a (r, s)-FRO set. (ii) double fuzzy set ρ in an double fuzzy topology (T , T ∗) on X, such that xiqρ, IT ,T ∗(CT ,T ∗(ρ, r, s)) is a (r, s)-FRO Q-neighborhood of xi. Proof. keywords: fuzzy; t ∗(ρ cache: ejpam-4624.pdf plain text: ejpam-4624.txt item: #788 of 2048 id: ejpam-4629 author: Kalampakas, Antonios title: Graph Automata and Graph Colorability date: 2023 words: 3554 flesch: 71 summary: Engelfriet and Vereijken, in [7], presented an algorithm that inductively constructs every graph G ∈ GR(Σ) from the set Σ ∪ {Π, I01, I21, I10, I12, } by using graph product and graph sum. Math, 16 (1) (2023), 112-120 118 where graph product and graph sum are denoted, for simplicity, by horizontal and vertical concatenation. keywords: graph; set cache: ejpam-4629.pdf plain text: ejpam-4629.txt item: #789 of 2048 id: ejpam-4637 author: Cano, Allan; Petalcorin, Gaudencio title: Single-valued Neutrosophic Soft Sets in Hyper UP-Algebra date: 2023 words: 9779 flesch: 91 summary: y ◦ z ≪ (x ◦ y) ◦ (x ◦ z), A. Cano, G. Petalcorin / Eur. Thus, z ∈ G and so x ◦ y ⊆ G. By Proposition 2, G is a hyper UP -subalgebra of X. (⇐) Assume that G is a hyper UP -subalgebra of X and suppose x, y ∈ X. Consider the following cases: keywords: hyper; let; set; svns cache: ejpam-4637.pdf plain text: ejpam-4637.txt item: #790 of 2048 id: ejpam-4638 author: Bamogo , Wendinda; Some, Kounhinir; Poda, Joseph title: Grey Wolves Attack Process for the Pareto Optimal Front Construction in the Multiobjective Optimization date: 2023 words: 4276 flesch: 66 summary: That is why, in this current work, we combined have it with the ϵ-constraint approach for the resolution of multiobjective optimization problems. Many recent studies have focused on solving multiobjective optimization problems us- ing metaheuristics. keywords: algorithm; hmgwoga; method; objective; optimization; problems; solutions cache: ejpam-4638.pdf plain text: ejpam-4638.txt item: #791 of 2048 id: ejpam-4643 author: Monsanto, Gerald Bacon; Rara, Helan title: Resolving Domination in Graphs under Some Binary Operations date: 2023 words: 4792 flesch: 83 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Resolving dominating set, resolving domination number, join, corona, lexicographic product 1. A set S ⊆ V (G) is strictly resolving dominating set of G if it is a resolving dominating set of G and NG ∩ S ̸= S for keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-4643.pdf plain text: ejpam-4643.txt item: #792 of 2048 id: ejpam-4645 author: Malacas, Gina A.; Canoy, Jr., Sergio; Chacon, Emmy title: Stable Locating-Dominating Sets in the Edge Corona and Lexicographic Product of Graphs date: 2023 words: 5316 flesch: 83 summary: By (ii), Ty \ {a} is a locating set and Tx are stable locating sets of H for each x ∈ S \ {y}. Location with dominating sets. keywords: dominating; locating; set cache: ejpam-4645.pdf plain text: ejpam-4645.txt item: #793 of 2048 id: ejpam-4646 author: Saromines , Chrisley Jade ; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Geodetic Hop Dominating Sets in a Graph date: 2023 words: 5440 flesch: 86 summary: Some of the studies dealing with geodetic sets, geodetic number, and geodetic dominating sets can be found in [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [14], and [24]. Characterizations of geodetic hop dominating sets in the corona and lexicographic product of two graphs are given. keywords: dominating; geodetic; hop; set cache: ejpam-4646.pdf plain text: ejpam-4646.txt item: #794 of 2048 id: ejpam-4647 author: Al-Taee, Lamiaa Hazim ; Fawze, Ahmed A. Mohammed title: Mathematical Eigenfunctions Analysis for 2nd Kind of Fredholm Integral equations date: 2023 words: 2446 flesch: 63 summary: Fredholm integral equation is one of the most important integral equations, and researchers look to the basis of integral equations as a transformation of some points over given vector space that have specific criteria by making use of certain specified operators to other points located in the same space The current paper is a trial to investigate the Eigen functions appears through math- ematical treatment of 2nd kind of Fredholm integral equations by making use a new developed an Inverse Iterative Numerical Scheme (IINS). keywords: equations; mathematics; numerical cache: ejpam-4647.pdf plain text: ejpam-4647.txt item: #795 of 2048 id: ejpam-4651 author: Canoy , Jr., Sergio; Dela Cerna, Ramil; Abragan, Armalene title: Cliques and Supercliques in Graphs date: 2023 words: 5067 flesch: 90 summary: Next, let x ∈ S and suppose that |Tx| ≥ 2. Let p, q ∈ Tx such that p ̸= q. Let x ∈ S and let p, q ∈ Tx such that p ̸= q. keywords: clique cache: ejpam-4651.pdf plain text: ejpam-4651.txt item: #796 of 2048 id: ejpam-4652 author: Monsanto, Gerald Bacon; Acal, Penelyn L. ; Rara, Helen M. title: Strong Resolving Domination in the Lexicographic Product of Graphs date: 2023 words: 4897 flesch: 85 summary: Similarly, |NG(b)| = 1. Suppose there exists y ∈ V (G)\NG(v). Subcase 2.2 x ̸= y Since x, y ∈ C and C is a superclique in H, xy ∈ E(H) and there exists z /∈ C such that z ∈ NH(x)\NH(y) or z ∈ NH(y)\NH(x). keywords: set cache: ejpam-4652.pdf plain text: ejpam-4652.txt item: #797 of 2048 id: ejpam-4654 author: Alharbi, Badr title: Graphs and the Prime Spectrum of Unitary Commutative Rings date: 2023 words: 2199 flesch: 83 summary: iv) X has a basis of quasi-compact open subsets. By the above item (1), (X,T ) has a base of quasi-compact open subsets if and only if (Y, T ′) has a base of quasi-compact open subsets. keywords: quasi cache: ejpam-4654.pdf plain text: ejpam-4654.txt item: #798 of 2048 id: ejpam-4655 author: Farhat, Yasser ; Krishnan, Muthumari; Subramanian, Vadakasi; M. R. Ahmadi Zand title: Submaximality on Bigeneralized Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 9214 flesch: 83 summary: In section 4, we define the notion (s, v)⋆-bigeneralized submaximal space and the re- lationship between (s, v) and (s, v)⋆ bigeneralized submaximal space is proven. With the results given in the mentioned sections, it is possible to easily check whether a given space is (s, v) or (s, v)⋆ or (s, v)⋆⋆ bigeneralized submaximal space or not, is obtain some tricks to check in a (s, v) ((s, v)⋆ and (s, v)⋆⋆) bigeneralized submaximal space, a given set is (v, s)-nowhere dense or not, are given the necessary conditions for check whether a given space is submaximal space or not. keywords: space cache: ejpam-4655.pdf plain text: ejpam-4655.txt item: #799 of 2048 id: ejpam-4656 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr., Sergio; Saromines, Chrisley Jade title: Convex Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 8110 flesch: 86 summary: Any clique pointwise non-dominating set in G with cardinality cpnd(G) is called a cpnd-set in G. The shadow graph S(G) of graph G is constructed by taking two copies of G, say G1 and G2, and then joining each vertex u ∈ V (G1) to the neighbors of its corresponding vertex u′ ∈ V (G2). = { nm if G /∈ C γclh(G)cpnd(H) if G ∈ C. The next result is taken from [10]. keywords: convex; dominating; dominating set; graph; hop; hop dominating; set cache: ejpam-4656.pdf plain text: ejpam-4656.txt item: #800 of 2048 id: ejpam-4658 author: Abragan, Armalene; Rara, Helen M. title: On 1-movable Strong Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 4168 flesch: 78 summary: It follows that (S′ \ {x}) ∪ {y} is strong resolving set of G. Then S is strong resolving set in G. By Lemma 1, C = ∅ or C is a dominated superclique in G. keywords: dominating; hop; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4658.pdf plain text: ejpam-4658.txt item: #801 of 2048 id: ejpam-4659 author: Saka-Balogun, Olaide ; Oyelami, Funmilayo; Akinyele, Akinola Yussuff; Omosowon, Jude title: Results of Semigroup of Linear Operators Generating a General Class of Semilinear Initial Value Problems date: 2023 words: 3522 flesch: 74 summary: ∥∞ and let {T (t); t ∈ R+} ⊆ L(X) be defined by [T (t)f ](s) = f(t+ s) For each f ∈ X and each t, s ∈ R+, one may easily verify that {T (t); t ∈ R+} satisfies Examples 1 and 2 above. keywords: linear; operator; semigroup cache: ejpam-4659.pdf plain text: ejpam-4659.txt item: #802 of 2048 id: ejpam-4661 author: Kapcak, Sinan title: A Discrete Predator-prey Model with Allee and Refuge Effect date: 2023 words: 3295 flesch: 75 summary: Existence of the Fixed Points In this section, we analyse the existence of fixed points of discrete system (4). (a) Fixed points: P0, P1 (b) Fixed points: P0, P1, P + 1 (c) Fixed points: P0, P1, P + 0 (d) Fixed points: P0, P1, P + 2 , P+ 3 Figure 1: Four possible cases for existence of the fixed points. keywords: point cache: ejpam-4661.pdf plain text: ejpam-4661.txt item: #803 of 2048 id: ejpam-4662 author: Diallo, Moumouni ; Ngom, Modou; Dembele , Soumaila; Lo, Gane Samb title: Second Order Expansions for Extreme Quantiles of Burr Distributions and Asymptotic Theory of Record Values date: 2023 words: 12259 flesch: 89 summary: Math, 16 (1) (2023), 609-656 637 Figure 2: γ < 0 : Burr I and Burr IV = − log r + log u+ log ( 1 + r + 1 2r u+O(u2) ) . − F−1(1− u) = c(1 + a(u))u−γ exp (∫ 1 u ℓ(t) t dt ) . keywords: burr; log; log r; record; u r; values cache: ejpam-4662.pdf plain text: ejpam-4662.txt item: #804 of 2048 id: ejpam-4665 author: Mahistrado, Angelica Mae; Rara, Helen title: Restrained 2-Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 7874 flesch: 82 summary: Recently, 2-resolving hop dominating sets in graphs was studied in [11]. Restrained 2-Resolving Hop Dominating Sets in the Edge Corona of Graphs This section presents characterizations on the 2-resolving hop dominating sets and restrained 2-resolving hop dominating sets in the edge corona of graphs. keywords: dominating; dominating set; hop; point; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4665.pdf plain text: ejpam-4665.txt item: #805 of 2048 id: ejpam-4666 author: Rois, Muhammad Abdurrahman; Fatmawati; Alfiniyah, Cicik title: Optimal Control of COVID-19 Model with Partial Comorbid Subpopulations and Two Isolation Treatments in Indonesia date: 2023 words: 4379 flesch: 68 summary: Math, 16 (1) (2023), 523-537 525 Figure 1: COVID-19 Model with Partial Comorbidity Sub-populations and Two Isolation Treatments dEN dt = α (β1SIN + β2SIC) N − δ1EN − µEN , dEC dt = (1− α) (β1SIN + β2SIC) N − δ2EC − µEC , dIN dt = δ1EN − h1IN − r1IN − d1IN − µIN , (1) dIC dt = δ2EC − h2IC − r2IC − d2IC − µIC , dHT dt = θh1IN + δh2IC − r3HT − d3HT − µHT , dHN dt = (1− θ)h1IN + (1− δ)h2IC − r4HN − d4HN − µHN , dR dt = r1IN + r2IC + r3HT + r4HN − µR. Based on Indonesian data, it can be concluded that the MAPE (Mean Absolute Per- centage Error) for model validation that we present in Figure 2 using the lsqcurvefit com- mand is 0.028579. IC − r4HN − d4HN − µHN ) + τ8 (r1IN + r2IC + r3HT + r4HN − µR) . keywords: comorbidity; control; covid-19; model cache: ejpam-4666.pdf plain text: ejpam-4666.txt item: #806 of 2048 id: ejpam-4669 author: Mohamed Salih, Hariwan Fadhil title: On Gaussian Fibonacci Functions with Periodicity date: 2023 words: 2429 flesch: 82 summary: In this work, Gaussian Fibonacci functions with the use of the (ultimately) periodicity and exponential Gaussian Fibonacci functions are also discussed. Especially, by giving a non- negative real valued function, several exponential Gaussian Fibonacci functions are attained. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B39, 11B99 Key Words and Phrases: Gaussian Fibonacci functions, Gaussian (ultimately) periodic, Fibonacci functions 1. Introduction Fibonacci numbers have many applications in different disciplines such as in mathe- matics, philosophy, physics, art, architecture etc, where can be found in [2, 3, 7]. keywords: fibonacci; function; gaussian cache: ejpam-4669.pdf plain text: ejpam-4669.txt item: #807 of 2048 id: ejpam-4671 author: Mohamad, Jerson; Rara, Helen title: 1-Movable Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 5756 flesch: 80 summary: Then W ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a resolving hop dominating set of G ◦ H if and only if W ∩ V (Hv) ̸= ∅ for every v ∈ V (G) and W = A ∪B ∪D where A ⊆ V (G), B = ∪ {Bv : v ∈ V (G) ∩NG(A) and Bv is a locating set of Hv} and D = ∪ {Du : u ∈ V (G) \NG(A) and Du is a strictly locating set of Hu} . Then W ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a 1-movable resolving hop dominating set of G ◦ H if and only if W ∩ V (Hv) ̸= ∅ for every v ∈ V (G) and W = A ∪  ⋃ v∈NG(A) keywords: dominating; hop; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4671.pdf plain text: ejpam-4671.txt item: #808 of 2048 id: ejpam-4673 author: Canoy, Jr., Sergio; Saromines , Chrisley Jade title: Hop Differentiating Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6602 flesch: 79 summary: In particular, we characterize the hop differentiating hop dominating sets in graphs under some binary operations. Let S be a hop differentiating hop dominating set of G. Since S is a hop domi- nating set, N2 G[v]∩S keywords: differentiating; dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4673.pdf plain text: ejpam-4673.txt item: #809 of 2048 id: ejpam-4674 author: Bassonon , Yibour Corentin; Ouedraogo , Arouna title: Isogeometric Analysis Approximation of Linear Elliptic Equations with L1 Data date: 2023 words: 4340 flesch: 79 summary: For every r with 1 < r < +∞, we denote by Lr,∞(Ω) the Marcinkiewicz space whose norm is defined by ∥f∥Lr,∞(Ω) = sup ν>0 ( ν ∣∣∣{x ∈ Ω : |f(x)| ≥ ν} ∣∣∣1/r). = f in Ω, u = 0 on ∂Ω, (1) where Ω is an open, bounded and Lipschitz set of Rd, with d = 2 or d = 3, A is a coercive matrix with coefficients in L∞(Ω) and f belongs to L1(Ω). keywords: solution cache: ejpam-4674.pdf plain text: ejpam-4674.txt item: #810 of 2048 id: ejpam-4679 author: Zeki, Mustafa; Tatar, Salih title: An Iterative Approach for Numerical Solution to the Time-fractional Richards Equation with Implicit Neumann Boundary Conditions date: 2023 words: 4552 flesch: 64 summary: In this paper, we develop an iterative method of lines scheme for the numerical solution to the time fractional Richards equation with implicit Neumann boundary conditions, which is an effective tool for describing a process of flow through unsaturated media. Theory and applications of fractional differential equations, volume 204. keywords: equation; fractional; solution; time cache: ejpam-4679.pdf plain text: ejpam-4679.txt item: #811 of 2048 id: ejpam-4684 author: Hassan, Javier; Lintasan, Abdurajan B.; Mohammad, Nurijam Hanna M. title: Some Properties and Realization Problems Involving Connected Outer-hop Independent Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 5621 flesch: 78 summary: The corona G and H, denoted by G ◦H, the graph obtained by taking one copy of G and |V (G)| copies of H, and then joining the ith vertex of G to every vertex of the ith copy of H. A set C ⊆ V (G ◦H) is a connected outer-hop independent hop dominating set of G ◦H if and only if C = V (G) ∪ ( ⋃ a∈V (G)Ca), where Ca ⊆ V (Ha) and V (Ha) \ keywords: dominating; hop; set; γohich cache: ejpam-4684.pdf plain text: ejpam-4684.txt item: #812 of 2048 id: ejpam-4687 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr., Sergio R. title: Connected Grundy Hop Dominating Sequences in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6828 flesch: 84 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Connected hop domination, closed hop neighborhood sequence, con- nected Grundy hop dominating sequence, connected Grundy hop domination number 1. Grundy dominating sequences on x-join product. keywords: dominating; grundy; hop; hop dominating; sequence; γchgr cache: ejpam-4687.pdf plain text: ejpam-4687.txt item: #813 of 2048 id: ejpam-4689 author: Stojiljkovic, Vuk title: Hermite Hadamard Type Inequalities Involving (k-p) Fractional Operator with (α, h − m) − p convexity date: 2023 words: 7619 flesch: 80 summary: [40] about k − p fractional inequalities. Setting l, q = 1 2 we get a new (α, h−m)− p k − p fractional inequality kΓk(θ) p1− θ k ( p−1 k Jθ x−F(my) (xp −mpyp) θ k + p−1 k Jθ y−F(mx) (yp −mpxp) θ k ) ⩽ (f(x) + f(y)) keywords: θ k cache: ejpam-4689.pdf plain text: ejpam-4689.txt item: #814 of 2048 id: ejpam-4690 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr, Sergio R. title: Grundy Dominating and Grundy Hop Dominating Sequences in Graphs: Relationships and Some Structural Properties date: 2023 words: 5050 flesch: 84 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Grundy dominating sequence, Grundy hop dominating sequence, Grundy domination number, Grundy hop domination number 1. Grundy dominating sequence and zero forcing sets. keywords: dominating; grundy; sequence; set; γgr(g cache: ejpam-4690.pdf plain text: ejpam-4690.txt item: #815 of 2048 id: ejpam-4691 author: Noiri, Takashi; Popa, Valeriu title: Some Forms of Open Multifunctions in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 4253 flesch: 89 summary: As generalizations of open sets and I-open sets, semi-I-open sets, pre-I-open sets, α-I-open sets, β-I-open sets and b-I-open sets are introduced and used to obtain decompositions of continuity. As generalizations of open sets and I-open sets, the following subsets are introduced and investigated. keywords: open cache: ejpam-4691.pdf plain text: ejpam-4691.txt item: #816 of 2048 id: ejpam-4693 author: Ahmed, Rasha F.; Al-Hayani, Waleed Mohammed; Al-Bayati, Abbas Y. title: The Homotopy Analysis Method to Solve the Nonlinear System of Volterra Integral Equations and Applying the Genetic Algorithm to Enhance the Solutions date: 2023 words: 8726 flesch: 75 summary: = n∑ m=1 (ui,m (x) − χmui,m−1 (x)) , = ui,1 (x) + (ui,2 (x) − ui,1 (x)) + (ui,3 (x) − ui,2 (x)) + · · · + (ui,n (x) − ui,n−1 (x)) [2]: U (x) = F (x) + ∫ g(x) f(x) K (x, t)R keywords: equations; ham; method; solution cache: ejpam-4693.pdf plain text: ejpam-4693.txt item: #817 of 2048 id: ejpam-4694 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina title: Degenerate Apostol-Frobenius-Type Poly-Genocchi Polynomials of Higher Order with Parameters $a$ and $b$ date: 2023 words: 8200 flesch: 79 summary: Genocchi polynomials of higher order, which are respectively defined as follows: ∞∑ n=0 Gn(x) Recently, a new variation of poly-Genocchi polynomials with pa- rameters a, b and c was defined in [17] by mixing the definitions of polylogarithm, Apostol- Genocchi polynomials and Frobenius polynomials, namely, the Apostol-Frobenius-type poly-Genocchi polynomials of higher order with parameters a, b and c. keywords: genocchi; ĝ(k; polynomials; x;λ cache: ejpam-4694.pdf plain text: ejpam-4694.txt item: #818 of 2048 id: ejpam-4698 author: Rasool, Kavi B.; Rashed, Payman A.; Ali, Ahmed M. title: Relations Between Vertex$–$Edge Degree Based Topological Indices and $M_{ve}$-Polynomial of $r-$Regular Simple Graph date: 2023 words: 3322 flesch: 80 summary: τv = 6| = 20, |V4| = |v ∈ V (ℵn) : τv = 8| = 21, |V5| = |v ∈ V (ℵn) : τv = 9| = 2n−1 − 4. K. Rasool, P. Rashed, A. Ali / Eur. Thus, for any graph, we provide some relationships between vertex–edge degree topological indices. keywords: degree; graph; vertex cache: ejpam-4698.pdf plain text: ejpam-4698.txt item: #819 of 2048 id: ejpam-4699 author: Dhaher, Ghanim Mahmood ; Abdullah, Tariq Hamad ; Algwauish, Ghanim M. title: Selection of Quality Gemstones Based on Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process date: 2023 words: 3114 flesch: 63 summary: Many researchers use the similarity between triangles for fuzzy numbers As part of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy numbers are introduced which take the form of a set of real numbers with a correlated organic function. keywords: ahp; ali; criteria; decision; matrix; method; numbers; process cache: ejpam-4699.pdf plain text: ejpam-4699.txt item: #820 of 2048 id: ejpam-4700 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina; Casas, Karl Patrick; Elnar, Allan Roy; Maglasang, Gibson title: Construction of Fourier Series Expansion of Apostol-Frobenius-Type Tangent and Genocchi Polynomials date: 2023 words: 5609 flesch: 83 summary: We then find the other poles of the function fn(t) as follows: λe2t − u = 0 λe2t = u λ 2t = log u λ + 2kπi tk := t = log (u λ )1/2 + kπi, for k ∈ Z By Cauchy Residue Theorem, we have 1 2πi ∫ CN fn(t)dt = Res(f(t), t = 0) Math, 16 (2) (2023), 1005-1023 1012 = u− 1 u 2n e−ξπix (−πi)n+1 [∫ ∞ 0 e 1 2 πix eπix − e−2t e−(2ξ+1)ttndt + (−1)n+1 ∫ ∞ 0 e 1 2 πix e2t − eiπx e(2ξ+1)ttndt ] = u− 1 u 2n e−ξπix (−πi)n+1 [∫ ∞ 0 e−(2ξ+1)t e 1 2 πix − e−2t− 1 2 πix tndt + (−1)n+1 ∫ ∞ 0 e(2ξ+1)t e2t− 1 2 πix − e 1 2 πix tndt ] = u− 1 u 2n e−ξπix (−πi)n+1 [∫ ∞ 0 e−(2ξ+1)t e 1 2 πix − e−2t− 1 2 πix · ( e2t − eπix ) keywords: polynomials cache: ejpam-4700.pdf plain text: ejpam-4700.txt item: #821 of 2048 id: ejpam-4702 author: Tadee, Suton; Siraworakun, Apirat title: Non-existence of Positive Integer Solutions of the Diophantine Equation $p^x+(p+2q)^y=z^2$, where $p$, $q$ and $p+2q$ are Prime Numbers date: 2023 words: 5382 flesch: 90 summary: If p is a prime number with 2q ̸≡ 1 (mod p) and satisfies any of the following conditions: (i) p ≡ q2 + 8n1r S2 (mod 8q), (ii) p ≡ − q2 + 8n1r S2 (mod 8q), (iii) p ≡ 3q2 + 8n1r S1 (mod 8q), or (iv) p ≡ − 3q2 + 8n1r S1 (mod 8q), where S1 ∈ {2, 4, 6, . . If p satisfies any of the following conditions: (i) p ≡ q2 + 32n0n1r S2 (mod 8q), (ii) p ≡ − q2 + 32n0n1r S1 (mod 8q), (iii) p ≡ 3q2 + 32n0n1r S2 (mod 8q), or (iv) p ≡ − 3q2 + 32n0n1r S1 (mod 8q), where S1 ∈ {2, 4, 6, . . . keywords: mod cache: ejpam-4702.pdf plain text: ejpam-4702.txt item: #822 of 2048 id: ejpam-4704 author: Sulaiman, Barah M.; Hasan, Rasha S.; Mustafa, Raghad title: The Basis Number of Mycielski ’s Graph for Some Cog- Graphs date: 2023 words: 4653 flesch: 86 summary: Math, 16 (2) (2023), 953-964 958 M5 = u1u2mv1u3u1, M6 = u2m−2u2m−1u2mv2m−1u2m−2, M7 = v1u2m−1u2mv1, M8 = v2mu2m−1u2m−3v2m−1wv2m. In order B to be the base for the cycles space of graph µ(Cc m) must be |B| = dimC(µ(Cc m)), and B must be a linearly independent set of cycles. Hosoya polynomial and wiener indices of distances in graphs. keywords: c m; cycles; edges; graph; number cache: ejpam-4704.pdf plain text: ejpam-4704.txt item: #823 of 2048 id: ejpam-4706 author: Burqan, Aliaa; Dbabesh, Hamdan; Qazza, Ahmad; Khandaqji, Mona title: New bounds for the Eigenvalues of Matrix Polynomials date: 2023 words: 3958 flesch: 94 summary: REFERENCES 817 Finally, applying Lemma 4 to get w (H) ≤ w (S) ≤ 1 2 ( w (S11) + w (S22) + w (S33) + √ w2(S11)+}|S12∥2 + ∥S13∥2 + √ w2(S22)+}∥S21∥2 + ∥S23∥2 ++ √ w2(S33)+}∥S31∥2 + ∥S32∥2 Thus, w(H) ≤ 1 2 ξ + 2 cos2 ( π mn− 3 ) + 1 + √ ξ2 + ( 1 2 ( α+ η + √ (α− η)2 + 4β2 ))2 + τ2 + 2 + √ 5 4 + √( 2 cos2 ( π mn− 3 ) + 1 )2 + ( 1 2 ( α+ η + √ (α− η)2 + 4β2 ))2 + µ + √√√√(2 + √ 5 4 )2 + τ2 + µ. Conclusion We have established new effective bounds for the eigenvalues of matrix polynomials by employing the similarity of matrices and matrix inequalities including the numerical radius, spectral radius and matrix norms. Then w(T ) ≤ 1 2 n∑ k=1 w(Tkk) + √√√√√w2(Tkk) keywords: matrix; radius; w(t cache: ejpam-4706.pdf plain text: ejpam-4706.txt item: #824 of 2048 id: ejpam-4707 author: Kulahcioglu, Burcin; Ufuktepe, Unal; Kalampakas, Antonios title: A Host-parasitoid Dynamics with Allee and Refuge effects date: 2023 words: 3664 flesch: 69 summary: Math, 16 (2) (2023), 736-750 747 Figure 12: Numerical simulation of the stability of the (0,0) fixed point. We examined fixed point stability and bifurcations and investigated global and local fixed point stability. keywords: figure; host; model; parasitoid; point cache: ejpam-4707.pdf plain text: ejpam-4707.txt item: #825 of 2048 id: ejpam-4708 author: Cina, Bengu; Candan, Tuncay; Senel, M. Tamer title: Existence of Nonoscillatory Solutions of Higher Order Nonlinear Neutral Differential Equations date: 2023 words: 3769 flesch: 84 summary: ∫∞ t (s−t)n−2 r(s) ∫ s t1 [f1(u, x(σ1(u))) −f2(u, x(σ2(u)))− g(u)]duds, t ≥ t1 (Sx)(t1), t0 ≤ t ≤ t1. ∫∞ t (s−t)n−2 r(s) ∫ s t1 [f1(u, x(σ1(u))) −f2(u, x(σ2(u)))− g(u)]duds, t ≥ t1 (Sx)(t1), t0 ≤ t ≤ t1. keywords: r(s; ∫ ∞ cache: ejpam-4708.pdf plain text: ejpam-4708.txt item: #826 of 2048 id: ejpam-4711 author: Algwauish, Ghanim M.; Hammodat, Alaa A.; Saleem, Hamsa D. title: A Numerical Simulation of Convection and Conduction Heat Transfer for a Fluid in a Porous Medium date: 2023 words: 3348 flesch: 64 summary: [9] explored the Dufour and thermal permeability impacts on the occasional free magnetic characteristics of heat flow passing via an unbounded vertical permeable layer. Conclusion The influence of mass and heat transfer on mixed convection fluid flow past a horizontal channel are investigated in the present study. keywords: flow; hammodat; heat; number; temperature cache: ejpam-4711.pdf plain text: ejpam-4711.txt item: #827 of 2048 id: ejpam-4712 author: Gregoria Ariyanti; Sari, Ana Easti Rahayu Maya title: The Discrete Lyapunov Equation of The Orthogonal Matrix in Semiring date: 2023 words: 2533 flesch: 70 summary: 3. Results and discussion The problem of discrete Lyapunov equations over semirings is limited to orthogonal matrices. Let discrete Lyapunov equation over semiring AXAT − X + Q = 0 with A ∈ Mn×n(S), Q ∈ Mn×n(S). keywords: kronecker; linear; lyapunov; semiring; system cache: ejpam-4712.pdf plain text: ejpam-4712.txt item: #828 of 2048 id: ejpam-4713 author: Bagdasaryan, Armen title: On the Partition of Space by Hyperplanes date: 2023 words: 2527 flesch: 72 summary: Direct problem: find the minimum number of hyperplanes (1) that divide Rd into s regions according to the rule (2); Inverse problem: determine the maximum number of regions into which Rd can be divided by means of n hyperplanes (1) according to the rule (2). The question of how many such partitions are possible arises in various applications, for example, in the theory of pattern classification and machine learning [3, 5, 10] which employs partitions using some number k of parallel hyperplanes; in cluster analysis [6] dealing with the methods of partitioning of a set of objects on the basis of their characteristics or properties into clusters or groups so that the objects of a cluster are closely related according to certain criteria; data analysis and classification in which space partitioning by hyperplanes may be used together with linear regression techniques based on least absolute value estimates approach and its generalizations; in the theory of hybrid systems and control [9]. keywords: hyperplanes cache: ejpam-4713.pdf plain text: ejpam-4713.txt item: #829 of 2048 id: ejpam-4715 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina B. title: On Divisibility Property of Type 2 $(p,q)$-Analogue of $r$-Whitney Numbers of the Second Kind date: 2023 words: 3033 flesch: 79 summary: )Wm,r[n, k − 1; t]p,q + [mk + r]p,qp mt−kmq−kr−m(k2)Wm,r[n, k; t]p,q. Applying (6) consequently gives W ∗ m,r[n+ 1, k; t]p,q = W ∗ m,r[n, k − 1; t]p,q + Preliminary Results This section provides a brief discussion on some relations that are necessary in deriving the divisibility property of the type 2 (p, q)-analogue of the r-Whitney numbers of the second kind W ∗ m,r[n, k; t]p,q. Multiplying both sides of the recurrence relation in (5) by q−kr−m(k2) yields q−kr−m(k2)Wm,r[n+ 1, k; t]p,q = q−kr−m(k2)qm(k−1)+rWm,r[n, k − 1; t]p,q + q−kr−m(k2)[mk + r]p,qp mt−kmWm,r[n, k; t]p,q q−kr−m(k2)Wm,r[n+ 1, k; t]p,q = q−(k−1)r−m(k−1 2 keywords: numbers; r[n; t]p cache: ejpam-4715.pdf plain text: ejpam-4715.txt item: #830 of 2048 id: ejpam-4716 author: Farhan, A. G.; Khalaf , Nihad Sh. ; Aldhlki , Talat J. title: Dynamical Behaviors of Four Dimensional Prey-Predator Model date: 2023 words: 6672 flesch: 78 summary: − µiyi − (ρ2 − ρ1) 2 y 1 y2 − x1x2yi x1 + x2 (αi + βi−εi) ) A. G. Farhan, N. Sh. Simple calculations yield that the characteristic equation of the matrixJ (P5) is: ( Γ̌ε1x̌1 − ρ2y2 − µ1 − λ )( λ3 − trM̌ λ2 + 3∑ i=1 M̌ii λ−detM̌ ) keywords: equilibrium; i=1; model; point; prey; system cache: ejpam-4716.pdf plain text: ejpam-4716.txt item: #831 of 2048 id: ejpam-4721 author: Aliyev, Samed Jahangir; Heydarova, Maftun N.; Aghazade, Shahin M. title: Solving Geometry Problems by Alternative Methods in Mathematics Education date: 2023 words: 1991 flesch: 72 summary: Concluding Remarks This work deals with the solution of integer angled triangle problems in geometry. The point M is given inside the triangle ABC so that ∠ABM = 40◦, ∠CBM = 10◦, ∠ACM = 20◦, ∠BCM = 10◦ (Fig.1). keywords: method; problem; triangle cache: ejpam-4721.pdf plain text: ejpam-4721.txt item: #832 of 2048 id: ejpam-4722 author: Asmat, Farwa; Asmat, Humaira; Askar, Sameh; Ahmad, Hijaz; Khan, Muhammad Ijaz title: On Weighted Vertex and Edge Mostar Index for Trees and Cacti with Fixed Parameter date: 2023 words: 6048 flesch: 80 summary: Similarly, if K transform to path graph with end vertex u, then weighted vertex index Mowv (Ω) decreases. By using the definition of weighted vertex Mostar index, we have Mowv (Ω) = ∑ e=uv∈E(Ω) (dΩ(u) + dΩ(v))|nu(e|Ω)(v)− nv(e|Ω)(v)|, Mowv (Ω1)−Mowv (Ω2) = (dΩ(u) + dΩ(v))|nu(e|Ω1)(u)− nv(e|Ω1)(u)| + 2∑ m=1 ∑ xy∈E(T1) (dΩ(x) + dΩ(y))|nx(e|Ω1)(x)− ny(e|Ω1)(y)| − (dΩ(u) + keywords: edge; graph; index; mostar; vertex; vertices cache: ejpam-4722.pdf plain text: ejpam-4722.txt item: #833 of 2048 id: ejpam-4725 author: Heilat, Ahmed Salem; Batiha, Belal; Qawasmeh, Tariq; Hatamleh, Raed title: Hybrid Cubic B-spline Method for Solving A Class of Singular Boundary Value Problems date: 2023 words: 3903 flesch: 76 summary: − 3(xi+3 − x)3, x ∈ Khuri and Sayfy suggested a new approach implementing a modified decomposition method in combination with the cubic B-spline collocation technique is introduced for the numerical solution of a class of singular boundary value problems arising in physiology keywords: boundary; cubic; spline; value cache: ejpam-4725.pdf plain text: ejpam-4725.txt item: #834 of 2048 id: ejpam-4727 author: Neamvonk, Apichat; Sriponpaew, Boonyong title: Solving the First Order Differential Equations using Newton's Interpolation and Lagrange Polynomial date: 2023 words: 3159 flesch: 74 summary: Therefore numerical method is an important tool to solve this kind of problems such as Euler’s method, Runge-Kutta method ([11],[14]) and Runge- Kutta-Fehlberg method ([8],[18]). Comparison of numerical methods for system of first order ordinary differential equations. keywords: method; solutions cache: ejpam-4727.pdf plain text: ejpam-4727.txt item: #835 of 2048 id: ejpam-4730 author: Auad, Alaa Adnan; Hilal, Mohammed A. ; Khalaf, Nihad Shareef title: Best Approximation of Unbounded Functions by Modulus of Smoothness date: 2023 words: 2900 flesch: 74 summary: Math, 16 (2) (2023), 944-952 945 Let Lp,λ[−π, π] = {f : f is unbounded function on [−π, π], 1 ≤ p <∞}, with the norm ∥f∥Lp,λ[−π,π] = (∫ π −π |f(x)λ(x)|pdx ) 1 p <∞. Also, let N be the set of all natural numbers and for every k ∈ N ∪ {0}, we denote by Tk the set of all trigonometric polynomials of degree less than or equal to k. For a given function f ∈ Lp,λ[−π, π], we define Ek(f)Lp,λ[−π,π] = inf{∥f − g∥Lp,λ[−π,π] ; g ∈ Tk}, (1) which is called the kth degree best approximation of f with respect to Tk. Let k ∈ N and f ∈ Lp,λ[−π, π]. keywords: approximation; λ[−π cache: ejpam-4730.pdf plain text: ejpam-4730.txt item: #836 of 2048 id: ejpam-4732 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Pue-on, Prapart title: Upper and Lower $s\beta(\star)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2023 words: 5258 flesch: 85 summary: Then, Y − V is ⋆-closed in Y and by (5), X − F+(V ) Then, Y −V is ⋆-closed in Y and by (11), Int⋆(Cl(Int⋆(F−(sIntJ (Y − V ))))) keywords: set cache: ejpam-4732.pdf plain text: ejpam-4732.txt item: #837 of 2048 id: ejpam-4733 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Thongmoon, Montri title: $\delta p(\Lambda,p)$-open Sets in Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 4112 flesch: 89 summary: Then, the following properties hold: (1) y ∈ δp(Λ, p)Ker({x}) Since x ∈ {x}δp(Λ,p), we have x ∈ {y}δp(Λ,p) and by (1), y ∈ δp(Λ, p)Ker({x}). keywords: x}δp(λ; δp(λ cache: ejpam-4733.pdf plain text: ejpam-4733.txt item: #838 of 2048 id: ejpam-4734 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: Upper and Lower weak $s\beta(\star)$-continuity date: 2023 words: 4725 flesch: 82 summary: Then F is said to be surjection if F (X) = Y , or equivalent, if for each y ∈ Y there exists x ∈ X such that y ∈ F (x) and F is called injection if x ̸= y implies F (x) ∩ F (y) = ∅. 3. In particular, F−(y) = {x ∈ X | y ∈ F (x)} for each point y ∈ Y . keywords: set; sβcli cache: ejpam-4734.pdf plain text: ejpam-4734.txt item: #839 of 2048 id: ejpam-4735 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Pue-on, Prapart title: Characterizations of $\delta p(\Lambda,s)$-$R_0$ Spaces date: 2024 words: 4791 flesch: 90 summary: Then, x ∈ U ∈ δp(Λ, s)O(X, τ) and y ∈ V ∈ δp(Λ, s)O(X, τ). Since x ∈ {x}δp(Λ,s), x ∈ {y}δp(Λ,s) and by (1), y ∈ δp(Λ, s)Ker({x}). keywords: x}δp(λ; δp(λ cache: ejpam-4735.pdf plain text: ejpam-4735.txt item: #840 of 2048 id: ejpam-4736 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Srisarakham, Napassanan title: Properties of Generalized $\delta p(\Lambda,s)$-closed Sets date: 2023 words: 7124 flesch: 91 summary: Then, X − A ⊆ X − F ∈ δp(Λ, s)O(X, τ) and X − A is g-δp(Λ, s)-closed. For each g-δp(Λ, s)-closed set F and each δp(Λ, s)-open set G containing F , there exists a δp(Λ, s)-open set U such that F δp(Λ,s) ⊆ U ⊆ U δp(Λ,s) keywords: δp(λ cache: ejpam-4736.pdf plain text: ejpam-4736.txt item: #841 of 2048 id: ejpam-4737 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Thongmoon, Montri title: Characterizations of Some Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 6057 flesch: 86 summary: Then, for each pair of distinct points x, y of X, there exist U, V ∈ s(Λ, p)O(X, τ) such that x ∈ U, y ∈ V and U (Λ,p) ∩ V (Λ,p) = ∅. Since U ∈ s(Λ, p)O(X, τ), U (Λ,p) = [U(Λ,p)] (Λ,p) and U (Λ,p) is r(Λ, p)-closed. For a topological space (X, τ), the following properties are equivalent: (1) (X, τ) is s(Λ, p)-connected; (2) U ∩ V ̸= ∅ for every nonempty sets U ∈ β(Λ, p)O(X, τ) and V ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ); (3) U ∩ V ̸= ∅ for every nonempty sets U ∈ p(Λ, p)O(X, τ) and V ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ); (4) U ∩ V ̸= ∅ for every nonempty sets U ∈ s(Λ, p)O(X, τ) and V ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ); (5) U ∩ V ̸= ∅ for every nonempty sets U ∈ α(Λ, p)O(X, τ) and V ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ); (6) U ∩ V ̸= ∅ for every nonempty sets U ∈ ΛpO(X, τ) and V ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ); (7) U ∩ V ̸= ∅ for every nonempty sets U ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ) and V ∈ δs(Λ, p)O(X, τ). keywords: δs(λ cache: ejpam-4737.pdf plain text: ejpam-4737.txt item: #842 of 2048 id: ejpam-4743 author: Mehraliyev, Yashar; Sadikhzade, Rena ; Ramazanova, Aysel title: Two-dimensional Inverse Boundary Value Problem for a Third-order Pseudo-hyperbolic Equation with an Additional Integral Condition date: 2023 words: 4994 flesch: 83 summary: (x, y, t) ∈ DT , (1) in the domain DT = Qxy × {0 < t ≤ T}, where Qxy = {(x, y) : 0 < x < 1, 0 < y < 1} an inverse boundary problem with initial conditions u(x, y, 0) = ϕ(x, y), ut(x, y, 0) = ψ(x, y), 0 ≤ x, y ≤ 1, (2) with boundary conditions ux(0, y, t) = u(1, y, t) ψ(x, y), ψx(x, y), ψy(x, y), ψxx(x, y), ψxy(x, y), ψyy(x, y) ∈ C(Q̄xy), ψxxy(x, y), ψxyy(x, y), ψxxx(x, y), ψyyy(x, y) ∈ L2(Qxy), ψx(0, y) = ψ(1, y) = ψxx(1, y) = 0, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1, ψ(x, 0) = ψy(x, 1) = ψyy(x, 1) keywords: k=1; n=1 cache: ejpam-4743.pdf plain text: ejpam-4743.txt item: #843 of 2048 id: ejpam-4746 author: Laylani, Yoksal; Khudhur, Hisham M.; Nori, Edrees M.; Abbo, Khalil K. title: A hybridization of the Hestenes-Stiefel and Dai-Yuan Conjugate Gradient Methods date: 2023 words: 2732 flesch: 74 summary: A survey of nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. Hybrid conjugate gradient method The traditional numerator conjugate gradient methods ∥gk+1∥2 in relation to the up- date parameter βk (FR, DY, CD) keywords: gradient; optimization; ytk cache: ejpam-4746.pdf plain text: ejpam-4746.txt item: #844 of 2048 id: ejpam-4747 author: Mustafa, Junaid Idrees title: The Generalization of Integral Transforms Combined with He's Polynomial date: 2023 words: 6181 flesch: 82 summary: GN2{P (t)} =h2(ϑ) ∫ ∞ 0 S(Ψ(ϑ)ν)ν ∫ ∞ 0 e−σ(ϑ)t P (Ψ(ϑ)(t− ν))t =h2(ϑ) ∫ ∞ 0 e−σ(ϑ)tt ∫ t 0 S(Ψ(ϑ)ν) P (Ψ(ϑ)(t− ν))ν =h(ϑ) ∫ ∞ 0 e−σ(ϑ)t ( h(ϑ) ∫ t 0 S(Ψ(ϑ)ν)P (Ψ(ϑ)(t− ν))ν ) t. So, GN1{S(t)} GN2{P (t)} =GN{S(t) ∗ P (t)}. t =− σ′(ϑ) h(ϑ) h(ϑ) ∫ ∞ 0 t F ′(Ψ(ϑ) t) e−σ(ϑ) tt+ ∫ ∞ 0 F ′(Ψ(ϑ) t) ϑ e−σ(ϑ) tt =− σ′(ϑ) h(ϑ) GN [t F ′(t)] + ∫ ∞ 0 F ′(Ψ(ϑ) t) keywords: g(x; h(ϑ; σ′(ϑ; ψ(ϑ cache: ejpam-4747.pdf plain text: ejpam-4747.txt item: #845 of 2048 id: ejpam-4748 author: Ortega, Marivir; Malacas, Gina; Canoy, Jr., Sergio R. title: Global Stable Location-Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 5436 flesch: 79 summary: A set S is a stable locating-dominating set of G+H if and only if S = SG ∪ SH and SG and SH are stable locating sets of G and H, respectively, and at least one of them is a stable strictly locating set or both of them are strictly locating sets. Therefore since G ⋄H is connected and γ(G ◦ H) ̸= 1, G ◦ H admits a global stable locating-dominating set by Corollary 1. keywords: dominating; dominating set; locating; set; stable cache: ejpam-4748.pdf plain text: ejpam-4748.txt item: #846 of 2048 id: ejpam-4750 author: Managbanag, Dennis; Rara, Helen title: Forcing 2-Metric Dimension in the Join and Corona of Graphs date: 2023 words: 7548 flesch: 92 summary: Then S ⊆ V (G ◦ H) is a 2-metric basis for G ◦H if and only if S = ⋃ v∈V (G) Sv where Sv is an ln2-set of H v for all v ∈ V (G). A set S ⊆ V (G ◦H) is a 2-resolving set of G ◦H if and only if S = A ∪ B, where A ⊆ V (G) and B = ⋃ {Sv : Sv is a 2-resolving set of Hv, for all v ∈ V (G)}. keywords: forcing; set cache: ejpam-4750.pdf plain text: ejpam-4750.txt item: #847 of 2048 id: ejpam-4751 author: Aziz, Maysoon title: Mathematical Model for the Effect of Buoyancy Forces on the Stability of a Fluid Flow date: 2023 words: 3606 flesch: 75 summary: 1 cos (2S1) B4 = 1 32 S−5 1 1 1− 2 sin2 (2S1) F AE (−32S1A3A4 − 32S1A4A5 − 12S1A2A5 − 12S1A2A3 + 56 S1A3A5 + 4S1A3A5 −8S3 1A2A4 − 8S3 1A4A5 ) + ( 2S1A 2 2 − 60S3 1A 2 4 + 56 3 S3 1A 2 3 + 16S2 1A 2 4 −4S−1 1 A2 5 + 8S3 1A2A5 + 16S2 1A3A4+ 8S1A 2 5 − 16S1A2A5 ) sin (2S1) (16S1A2A5+ 136 3 S2 1A3A4 − 12A2A5 + 8A2 5 ) cos (2S1) + (64S1A3A4 − 48 S1A4A5 − 16S1A2A5 + 24S1 A2A3 + 72S1A3A5 + 16S1A3A5) sin 2 (2S1) + (76S1A4A5 − 126S1A3A4− 140S1A2A4 + 44 A3A5 − 44A4A5 + 6S1A3A5 + 64S3 1A3A4 − 16S3 1A2A3 ) sin (2S1) cos (2S1)− ( 232 3 S3 1A 2 4 − 136 3 S3 1A 2 3 − 96S2 1A 2 4 + 48S1A3A5 sin 2 (2S1) cos 2 (2S1) + (144S1A2A4 − 72S1A3A4+ 144S1A4A5+ 36A4A5 − 36A3A5) sin 3 (2S1) cos (2S1) ] . B2 = −B4 sin (2S1)− 1 8S F AE [ −4 3 A2A5 − ( 8A3A4 − 4S−1 1 A2A4− 2A2A3 − S−1 1 A2A5 cos (2S1) +A4A5 sin (2S1)− (A2A5 + 4S1A3A4+ 5−1A2A5 ) sin2 (2S1) + 10 3 A3A4 sin (2S1) cos (2S1) + ( 2S−1 1 A3A4+ 4S−1A4A5 + 2S−1A3A5 ) sin (2S1) cos 2 (2S1)+ 2S−1 1 A4A5 sin 2 (2S1) cos (2S1) ] M. M. Aziz / Eur. keywords: 2s1η; aziz; cos; sin; stability; s−1 cache: ejpam-4751.pdf plain text: ejpam-4751.txt item: #848 of 2048 id: ejpam-4753 author: Ould Chbih, Ahmed; Ben Maaouia, Mohamed Ben Faraj; Sanghare, Mamadou title: Localization in the Category $COMP(G_{r}(A-Mod))$ of Complex associated to the Category $G_{r}(A-Mod)$ of Graded left $A-$modules over a Graded Ring date: 2023 words: 9693 flesch: 82 summary: The relation S −1 H (−) : Gr(A−Mod) −→ Gr(S −1 H A−Mod) which that for any graded left A−module M we made to correspond S −1 H (M) and for all graded morphism of degree k ∈ Z of graded left A−modules f : M −→ N we correspond S −1 H (f) of degree k ∈ Z is a exact additively covariant functor; (iii) Furthermore let P a prime ideal of A and SH is a part formed of regular homogeneous elements of A\P and SPH is the homogeneous multiplicatively closed subset of A generated by SH , then the relation S −1 PH (−) : Gr(A−Mod) −→ S −1 PH A−Mod which that for any graded left A−module M −→ N is a morphism of left A−modules, then we say that f is a graded morphism of degree k ∈ Z if for any m ∈ Ms then f(m) ∈ Ns+k. keywords: n∈z; −1 h cache: ejpam-4753.pdf plain text: ejpam-4753.txt item: #849 of 2048 id: ejpam-4754 author: Hassan, Basim A.; Aziz, Maysoon title: Computational Experience with Modified Coefficients Conjugate Gradient for Image Restoration date: 2023 words: 2196 flesch: 65 summary: On image restoration problems using new conjugate gradient methods. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65K10, 49M37, 90C06 Key Words and Phrases: Conjugate gradient method, Coefficient conjugate gradient, Image restoration 1. keywords: conjugate; gradient; images; method; noise cache: ejpam-4754.pdf plain text: ejpam-4754.txt item: #850 of 2048 id: ejpam-4755 author: Jamal, Baraa M; Alabdali, Ali title: Nonabelian Case of Hopf Galois Structures on Nonnormal Extensions of Degree pqw date: 2023 words: 5047 flesch: 82 summary: Hopf–Galois structures on Galois field extensions of degree pq. We look at Hopf Galois structures with square free pqw degree on separable field extensions (nonnormal) L/K. Where E/K is the normal closure of L/K, the group permutation of degree pqw is G = Gal(E/K). keywords: group; hgss cache: ejpam-4755.pdf plain text: ejpam-4755.txt item: #851 of 2048 id: ejpam-4756 author: H. K. Nigam; Manoj Kumar Sah title: Degree of Convergence of a Function in Generalized Zygmund Norm Using Karamata-Matrix (KλA) Product operator date: 2023 words: 4025 flesch: 90 summary: From (22) and (26), we get ∥ρv(·)∥(η2)r = O DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v16i2.4756 Email addresses: hknigam@cusb.ac.in (H. K. Nigam), manojsah@cusb.ac.in (M. K. Sah) https://www.ejpam.com 1302 keywords: ν+1 cache: ejpam-4756.pdf plain text: ejpam-4756.txt item: #852 of 2048 id: ejpam-4758 author: Alomari, Omar; Dubovski, Pavel B. title: Inverse Boundary Value Problem Solution for Deflected Beams Joined Together by Elastic Medium date: 2023 words: 3801 flesch: 69 summary: In this paper, we develop and implement a numerical scheme to represent the model in Figure 1 in non-denominational approach using the one-dimensional Euler-Bernoulli beam theory for bending boundary value problem [5, 8, 11, 12]. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65L09, 31A25, 34A55, 35R30, 65M32 Key Words and Phrases: Adjoint equation, Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, Inverse problem, keywords: figure; inverse; problem; shows; solution; value cache: ejpam-4758.pdf plain text: ejpam-4758.txt item: #853 of 2048 id: ejpam-4760 author: Armada, Cris L.; Hamja, Jamil title: Perfect Isolate Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6827 flesch: 83 summary: The next four results follow directly from the definition of perfect isolate dominating set. Conclusion The paper has introduced the concept of perfect isolate dominating sets of some graphs resulting from some binary operations such as join, corona, and lexicographic product of two graphs. keywords: dominating; dominating set; isolate; perfect; set cache: ejpam-4760.pdf plain text: ejpam-4760.txt item: #854 of 2048 id: ejpam-4761 author: Canoy, Jr., Sergio; Hassan, Javier title: Weakly Convex Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6995 flesch: 84 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Weakly convex set, weakly convex hop dominating set, weakly convex hop domination number 1. Characterizations of weakly convex hop dominating sets in the shadow graph, and in the join, corona, and lexicographic product of two graphs were formulated. keywords: convex; dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4761.pdf plain text: ejpam-4761.txt item: #855 of 2048 id: ejpam-4764 author: Al-Hayani, Waleed Mohammed; Mahasin Thabet Younis title: Solving Fuzzy System of Boundary Value Problems by Homotopy Perturbation Method with Green’s Function date: 2023 words: 7030 flesch: 77 summary: [(4π − 2απ − 4α+ 6)x] cos (πx) , + 1.681E − 04 0.3 −0.0517160 −0.0519550 2.389E − 04 0.5 −0.0599281 −0.0598771 5.100E − 05 0.7 −0.0483163 −0.0477882 5.280E − 03 0.9 −0.0195831 −0.0189384 6.447E − 04 0.75 0.1 −0.0505406 −0.0509607 4.200E − 04 0.3 −0.1163610 −0.1171638 8.027E − 04 0.5 −0.1348384 −0.1353070 4.685E − 04 0.7 −0.1087117 −0.1084163 2.953E − 04 0.9 −0.0440621 −0.0433940 6.680E − 04 1.00 0.1 −0.0898500 −0.0906715 8.214E − 04 0.3 −0.2068641 −0.2085212 1.657E − 03 0.5 −0.2397127 −0.2409320 1.219E − 03 0.7 −0.1932653 −0.1932705 5.257E − 06 0.9 −0.0783326 −0.0775769 7.557E − 04 W. Al-Hayani, M T. Younis / Eur. keywords: solution cache: ejpam-4764.pdf plain text: ejpam-4764.txt item: #856 of 2048 id: ejpam-4765 author: Modou Kebe; Deme, El Hadji; Tchilabalo Abozou Kpanzou; Manou-Abi, Solym Mawaki; Ebrima Sisawo title: Kernel Estimation of the Quintile Share Ratio index of Inequality for Heavy-tailed Income distributions date: 2023 words: 13726 flesch: 77 summary: − k/n, Un,k,2 ( Q (K) n,k ) := ∫ 1 1−k/n Q (K) n,k (s)ds = (k/n)Xn−k,n 1 − γ̂ (K) n,k . with Qn(·) (respectively, Q (K) n,k is the empirical estimator (respectively, the Weissman’s type estimator) of the quantile function Q(·) and k = k(n) is a sequence of integers satis- fying k → ∞, k/n → 0 and as n → ∞. To simplify the proof, we need the following preliminary results whose proofs are given after this one. − Un,k,1(Q, β) L(Q,α) } (k/n)1/2Xn−k,n d = Wn,α,1 + oP(1), (19) as n → ∞, where Wn,α,1 := − ∫ 1−k/n 0 Bn(s)dQ(s) L(Q,α) (k/n)1/2Q(1 − k/n) . keywords: estimator; index; k n; l(q; n d; opt; ∆̂∗ cache: ejpam-4765.pdf plain text: ejpam-4765.txt item: #857 of 2048 id: ejpam-4766 author: Manditong, Jahiri; Hassan, Javier; Laja, Ladznar S.; Laja, Amy A.; Mohammad, Nurijam Hanna M.; Kamdon, Sisteta U. title: Connected Outer-Hop Independent Dominating Sets in Graphs Under Some Binary Operations date: 2023 words: 5035 flesch: 77 summary: [7] introduced the concept of hop independent sets in a graph. A set D ⊆ V (G ◦H) is a connected outer-hop independent dominating set in G ◦H if and only if D = V (G) ∪ ( ⋃ v∈V (G)Dv), where Dv ⊆ V (Hv) and V (Hv) \ Dv is clique in Hv for each v ∈ V (G). keywords: dominating; graph; hop; set cache: ejpam-4766.pdf plain text: ejpam-4766.txt item: #858 of 2048 id: ejpam-4767 author: Zailai, Mohmmad title: Locally Compact Spaces with Defects date: 2023 words: 3363 flesch: 84 summary: We denote by X• the set of points of X which do not have compact neighborhoods. A T1 space X is a space with defects of type local compactness, l.c.w.d., if all points have compact neighborhoods except for some points. keywords: space cache: ejpam-4767.pdf plain text: ejpam-4767.txt item: #859 of 2048 id: ejpam-4768 author: Swaminathan, A.; Ozel, Cenap; AlShammari, Ibtesam Eid title: Hesitant Fuzzy Compactness and Hesitant Fuzzy Regularity in Hesitant Fuzzy Topological Spaces date: 2023 words: 3576 flesch: 79 summary: Math, 16 (3) (2023), 1381-1388 1382 The following terminologies, “hesitant fuzzy minimal open set, hesitant fuzzy maximal open set, hesitant fuzzy mean open set,hesitant fuzzy clopen set, hesitant fuzzy cut-point space, hesitant fuzzy connected topological space,hesitant fuzzy disconnected topologi- cal space and hesitant fuzzy topological space”are respectively abbreviated as “HFMIO, HFMAO, HFMEO, HFCLO, HFCS, HFCTS,HFDTS and HFTS.” 2. [10] V. Torra, Hesitant fuzzy sets. keywords: set; sets cache: ejpam-4768.pdf plain text: ejpam-4768.txt item: #860 of 2048 id: ejpam-4769 author: Qazza, Ahmad; Abdoon, Mohamed; Saadeh, Rania; Berir, Mohammed title: A New Scheme for Solving a Fractional Differential Equation and a Chaotic System date: 2023 words: 3295 flesch: 71 summary: A new definition of fractional derivative without singular kernel. New numerical approximation of fractional derivative with non-local and non-singular kernel: application to chaotic models. keywords: abc; fractional; numerical cache: ejpam-4769.pdf plain text: ejpam-4769.txt item: #861 of 2048 id: ejpam-4770 author: Mahistrado, Angelica Mae; Rara, Helen title: $1$-movable $2$-Resolving Hop Domination in Graph date: 2023 words: 7302 flesch: 79 summary: A set S of vertices in G is a 1-movable 2-resolving hop dominating set of G if S is a 2-resolving hop dominating set in G and for every v ∈ S, either S\{v} is a 2-resolving hop dominating set of G or there exists a vertex u ∈ ( (V (G)\S) ∩NG(v) ) such that ( S\{v} ) ∪ {u} is a 2-resolving hop dominating set of G. The 1-movable 2-resolving hop domination number of G, denoted by γ1 m2Rh(G) is the smallest cardinality of a 1-movable 2- resolving hop dominating set of G. Recently, 2-resolving hop dominating sets in graphs was studied in [9]. keywords: dominating; dominating set; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4770.pdf plain text: ejpam-4770.txt item: #862 of 2048 id: ejpam-4771 author: Mahistrado, Angelica Mae; Rara, Helen title: Outer-Connected 2-Resolving Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6595 flesch: 78 summary: Recently, 2-resolving hop dominating sets in graphs was studied in [12]. Moreover, other variations of resolving sets and hop dominating sets in graphs were also studied in [4–6, 8, 13–15], respectively. keywords: dominating; hop; resolving; set cache: ejpam-4771.pdf plain text: ejpam-4771.txt item: #863 of 2048 id: ejpam-4772 author: Ni Made Asih; Sa'adatul Fitri; Ratno Bagus Edy Wibowo; Marjono title: Hankel Determinant and Toeplitz Determinant on the Class of Bazileviˇc Functions Related to the Lemniscate Bernoulli date: 2023 words: 4226 flesch: 88 summary: = ∣∣∣∣∣ (p21 + (4− p21)x) √ δ√ 2(2 + α)(1 + δ)7/2 + p21 √ δ( √ 2 + 5 √ 2δ + 4 √ 2δ2 + 2(2 + 3α+ α2) √ δ √ 1 + δ) 8(2 + α)(1 + δ)3/2 ∣∣∣∣∣. (12) By taing p1 = p and 0 ≤ p ≤ 2 and applying them to (12) it follows that, H2(1) ≤ (p2 + (4− p2)|x|) If f ∈ B1(α, δ) for 0 ≤ α ≤ 1 and 0 < δ ≤ 1 then H2(1) ≤ 3 √ 2 √ δ + 2(1 + α)(2 + α)δ √ 1 + δ + 3 √ 2δ3/2((3 + 2α)) 2(2 + α)(1 + δ)7/2 , and the inequality is sharp. keywords: √ δ cache: ejpam-4772.pdf plain text: ejpam-4772.txt item: #864 of 2048 id: ejpam-4776 author: Thabit, Sadeq; Alqurashi, wafa title: CC-Tychonoffness, CCT3 and CC-Almost Regularity date: 2023 words: 6657 flesch: 69 summary: Note that: CC-regularity does not imply CC-complete regularity, CCT3 does not imply CC-Tychonoff and CC-almost regularity does not imply CC-almost complete regularity. Math, 16 (2) (2023), 1260-1273 1268 Similarly, every T1 CC-regular Fréchet (resp. keywords: cct3; resp; space; tychonoff cache: ejpam-4776.pdf plain text: ejpam-4776.txt item: #865 of 2048 id: ejpam-4779 author: Mohamad, Daud; Abdul Wahid, Nur Hazwani Aqilah; Hasni, Nurul Natasya title: Coefficient Problems for Star-like Functions with Respect to Symmetric Conjugate Points Connected to the Sine Function date: 2023 words: 4215 flesch: 78 summary: − ( 1 8 ( k2 − 5 8 k1 2 ))2 = 1 64 ( 3 16 k1 4 − 10 16 k1 2k2 + 1 2 k1k3 − k2 2 + 5 4 k1 2k2 − 25 64 k1 4 ) − ( k1 4 )( 1 8 ( 2k2 − k1 2 )) + 1 3 ( k1 4 )3 ] = 1 128 ( 3k1 3 − 10k1k2 + 8k3 ) , (17) and γ4 = 1 2 [ 1 64 ( 8k4 + 3k1 2k2 − 2k2 2 − 8k1k3 ) − k1 4 ( 1 96 ( k1 3 − 9k1k2 + 12k3 )) keywords: coefficients; functions cache: ejpam-4779.pdf plain text: ejpam-4779.txt item: #866 of 2048 id: ejpam-4780 author: Zeidani, Sara; Asady, Babak ; Rostamy - Malkhalifeh, Mohsen; Lotfi, Taher title: Using the Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to Find the Non-Archimedean Epsilon for Evaluating the Efficiency in DEA date: 2023 words: 5352 flesch: 69 summary: DMU z∗ v1 v2 u1 |z − z∗| 1 1.00133 0.77618 0.11291 1.00133 0.00133 2 1.00131 0.11292 0.77616 1.00131 0.00131 3 0.77904 0.11407 0.54572 0.77904 0.00126 4 0.77901 0.54564 0.11409 0.77901 0.00123 5 0.33460 0.11114 0.11123 0.33460 0.00127 Table 5: The results of MABC algorithm on CCR model (2) for ratio 4:1 (employed/onlooker)). Math, 16 (3) (2023), 1608-1623 1615 Table 6: The results MABC algorithm on CCR model (2) for ratio 3:1. keywords: abc; algorithm; ccr; dmu; efficiency; mabc; model; results; table cache: ejpam-4780.pdf plain text: ejpam-4780.txt item: #867 of 2048 id: ejpam-4784 author: Chanan, Sadia; Irshad, Nazia; Khan, Afshan title: Generalization of Jensen Mercer inequality on Delta integral with Applications date: 2023 words: 4701 flesch: 88 summary: By applying ζ(x) = x − ln(γ − x) for all x ∈ (0, γ2 ] to the Theorem 1, we get required result. = ln γ − g(η) g(η) ≥ 0, µ = ln ( γ − µ µ ) , ν = ln ( γ − ν ν ) , by which we get, 1 1 + e ( µ+ ν − ∫ b a ω(†)g(η)∆η ) ≤ 1 1 + eu + 1 1 + eν − ∫ b a ω(†) 1 1 + eg(η) 1 1 + exp ( ln ( γ−µ µ ) + ln (γ−ν ν ) − ∫ b a ω(†) ln ( γ − g(η) g(η) ) keywords: − ∫ cache: ejpam-4784.pdf plain text: ejpam-4784.txt item: #868 of 2048 id: ejpam-4786 author: Saleem, Hamsa D.; Al-Obaidi, Iman H.; Hammodat, Alaa A. title: The Numerical Solution of Stagnation Point Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluid and Heat Transfer over a Porous Medium under Effect of Thermal Radiation and Magnetic Field date: 2023 words: 3645 flesch: 61 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65Lxx, 65Mxx, 80Mxx Key Words and Phrases: Stagnation point flow, Heat transfer, Shrinking/stretching sheet, Skin Friction coefficient, Local Nusselt 1. Stagnation point flow of non –newtonian fluid and heat transfer over a stretching /shrinking sheet in a porous medium. keywords: flow; fluid; heat; sheet; stagnation; stretching; transfer cache: ejpam-4786.pdf plain text: ejpam-4786.txt item: #869 of 2048 id: ejpam-4787 author: Kabré, Daouda; Conseibo, André title: Algebras Satisfying Polynomial Identity of Degree Six that are Principal Train date: 2023 words: 4921 flesch: 89 summary: For x = e + x0 + xλ + xλ̄, we have x2 = e + 2λxλ + 2λ̄xλ̄, x 3 = e − 3xλ − 3xλ̄, x 4 = e− 2λxλ − 2λ̄xλ̄, x 5 = e+ (2λ+ 3)xλ + (2λ̄+ 3)xλ̄. The algebra A is a principal train algebra of rank 4, with principal train polynomial X(X − 1)(X − λ1)(X − λ2) where λ1 and λ2 different and different from 1 2 , if and only if: 1) keywords: algebra; train cache: ejpam-4787.pdf plain text: ejpam-4787.txt item: #870 of 2048 id: ejpam-4788 author: Khamrot, Pannawit ; Gaketem, Thiti title: Application of Bipolar Fuzzy Set to a Novel of Fuzzy Ideal in $\Gamma$-Semigroups date: 2023 words: 9145 flesch: 91 summary: | k ∈ S}, where ξp : S → [0, 1] and ξn : S → [−1, 0]. | k ∈ S}. keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-4788.pdf plain text: ejpam-4788.txt item: #871 of 2048 id: ejpam-4791 author: Saadeh, Rania title: An Iterative Approach to Solve Volterra Nonlinear Integral Equations date: 2023 words: 4565 flesch: 71 summary: [29, 30] and solve nonlinear fractional integral equations of several types [23–25, 33]. Solving nonlinear differential equations using Ado- mian decomposition method through Sagemath. keywords: method; solution; transform cache: ejpam-4791.pdf plain text: ejpam-4791.txt item: #872 of 2048 id: ejpam-4792 author: Sattaso, Supaknaree; Prasertsang, Patarawadee; Prasertsang, Torsak title: Using $G_{\alpha}$-transform to Study Higher-order Differential Equations with Polynomial Coefficients date: 2023 words: 5510 flesch: 82 summary: Table 1 lists some of the transforms along with their definitions, and we use α to convert the Gα-transform as appropriate. Table 1: Some integral transform definitions Transform Definition Gα-Transform Laplace ∫∞ 0 e−τ/wf(τ)dτ α = 0 and 1/s = w Sumudu 1 w ∫∞ 0 e−τ/wf(τ)dτ n−1∏ s=l (m+ α− s) Y (l)(w) wm−n−l − m−1∑ k=0 n∏ L=1 (−m+ k + L)wα−m+k+L+1y(k)(0). keywords: cons; differential; transform cache: ejpam-4792.pdf plain text: ejpam-4792.txt item: #873 of 2048 id: ejpam-4793 author: Sarapuddin, Hulsen; Vilela, Jocelyn title: On Gamma-Ideals, Gamma-Submonoids and Isomorphism Theorems of Gamma-Monoids via Gamma-Submonoids date: 2023 words: 11668 flesch: 95 summary: [2] A monoid is a semigroupM which contains an identity element 1M ∈ M such that 1M ∗m = m ∗ 1M = m for all m ∈ M . A left Γ-ideal (respectively, right Γ-ideal) of M is a subset I of M such that for any α, β ∈ Γ, for all a ∈ I and m ∈ M , αm ∗ βa ∈ I (respectively, αa ∗ βm ∈ I). keywords: monoid cache: ejpam-4793.pdf plain text: ejpam-4793.txt item: #874 of 2048 id: ejpam-4797 author: M.Salim, Renas; Shuker, Nazar title: Strongly 2-Nil Clean Rings with Units of Order Two date: 2023 words: 4646 flesch: 93 summary: Let n ∈ Nil(R), then n = Σ1−Σ2+u, implies Σ1 − Σ2 = n − u, since n − u ∈ U(R), according to Proposition 3(3), (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 = 1. = (Σ1 − Σ2) 4 + (Σ1 − Σ2) 3 − (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 + (Σ1 − Σ2) 3 + (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 − (Σ1 − Σ2)− (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 − (Σ1 − Σ2) + 1 = (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 + (Σ1 − Σ2)− (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 + (Σ1 − Σ2) + (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 − (Σ1 − Σ2)− (Σ1 − Σ2) 2 − (Σ1 − Σ2) + 1 = 1. R. T. M.Salim, N. H. Shuker / Eur. keywords: ring cache: ejpam-4797.pdf plain text: ejpam-4797.txt item: #875 of 2048 id: ejpam-4798 author: Kumar, Sandeep ; Sinha, Deepa title: Spectral Analysis of Splitting Signed Graph date: 2024 words: 5715 flesch: 76 summary: = a(i, j) 3: Check 4: if N mod 2 = 1 then 5: Print: matrix is of odd order, splitting root signed graph dose not exist 6: Terminate 7: else 8: for i = 1 : N do 9: for j = 1 : N do 10: check 11: if a(i,j)==1 then 12: countp = countp + 1 13: else 14: if a(i,j)== -1 then 15: countq = countq + 1 16: end if 17: end if 18: end for 19: end for 20: end if 21: check 22: if countp mod 3 == 0 && countq mod 3 == 0 then 23: Print: Splitting root signed graph is possible 24: else 25: Print: Splitting root signed graph is not possible and Terminate 26: end if 27: Assign: positive[i] = countp 28: negative[i] = countq 29: boole[i] = F 30: for i = 1 : N do 31: for j = i+ 1 : N do 32: Assign: k A signed graph Σ is called a splitting signed graph if it is isomorphic to the splitting signed graph Γ(U) of some signed graph U , where U is referred to as the splitting root signed graph of Σ. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1 ' 2' 3' 4' 5' 35 4 Figure 1: Signed graph Σ and its splitting signed graph Γ(Σ) keywords: graph; matrix; root; splitting cache: ejpam-4798.pdf plain text: ejpam-4798.txt item: #876 of 2048 id: ejpam-48 author: Weller, Kirk; Stenger, Cindy; Dubinsky, Ed; Vidakovic, Draga title: Infinite Iterative Processes: The Tennis Ball Problem date: 2007 words: 13291 flesch: 58 summary: Here, there are three coordinations of infinite processes. This has always been a feature of any fully developed process conception, but is particularly important in the case of infinite processes where there is no last step. keywords: audrey; balls; bin; infinite; iterative; number; problem; process; processes; sam; students; time cache: ejpam-48.pdf plain text: ejpam-48.txt item: #877 of 2048 id: ejpam-4800 author: Jawdat, Jamila title: Strong Coproximinality in Bochner $L^p$-Spaces and in Köthe Spaces date: 2023 words: 3567 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 16 (3) (2023), 1543-1551 1547 Hence, for any y ∈ G, we have ||g(t)− y|| = ||g(t)− h(t) + h(t)− y|| ≤ ||g(t)− h(t)||+ ||h(t)− y|| < ||f(t)− y||+ δ′/µ(T ), ∀y ∈ G, a.e. t ∈ T. Finally, taking δ = δ′/µ(T ), we get, g(t) ∈ RG(f(t), δ), for a.e. t ∈ T. Remark 1. ||f(t)− h(t)||+ δ, ∀h ∈ L1(µ,G), a.e. t ∈ T. Hence, we get∫ T ||g(t)− h(t)||dt < ∫ T ||f(t)− h(t)||dt+ δ · µ(T ), ∀h ∈ L1(µ,G). keywords: coproximinal; space cache: ejpam-4800.pdf plain text: ejpam-4800.txt item: #878 of 2048 id: ejpam-4803 author: Alharbi, Badr title: Codimension One Foliation and the Prime Spectrum of a Ring date: 2024 words: 2600 flesch: 78 summary: [5] if it is (1) sober (i.e., every nonempty irreducible closed subset of Y is the closure of a unique point), (2) quasi-compact, (3) the quasi-compact open subsets of X form a basis and (4) the family of quasi-compact open subsets of X is closed under finite intersections. There is a basis of quasi-compact open subsets of Spec(A). keywords: compact; open; quasi; space cache: ejpam-4803.pdf plain text: ejpam-4803.txt item: #879 of 2048 id: ejpam-4805 author: Alshammari, Fahdah; Mustafa, Alaa; Omer, Ehssan; Omer, Fatima title: A simulation Model of COVID-19 Epidemic Based on Vaccination and Treatment date: 2023 words: 3700 flesch: 60 summary: Sies epidemic model for novel covid-19 by conformable fractional derivative. Vaccination rate The study aims to determine the effectiveness of vaccination in removing susceptible individuals from infection risk. keywords: covid-19; epidemic; model; number; rate; vaccination cache: ejpam-4805.pdf plain text: ejpam-4805.txt item: #880 of 2048 id: ejpam-4806 author: V, Malathy; Desikan, Kalyani title: New Improved Bounds for Signless Laplacian Spectral Radius and Nordhaus-Gaddum Type Inequalities for Agave Class of Graphs date: 2023 words: 5189 flesch: 81 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C50 Key Words and Phrases: Spectral radius, signless Laplacian spectral radius, Core-satellite graphs, Agave graphs, Complete split graph 1. Core–satellite graphs: Clustering, assortativity, and spectral properties . keywords: bound; graphs cache: ejpam-4806.pdf plain text: ejpam-4806.txt item: #881 of 2048 id: ejpam-4808 author: Ahmed Alharbi, Ahlam; Kilicman, Adem title: Note on Generalized Neighborhoods Structures in Fuzzy Bitopological Spaces date: 2023 words: 4969 flesch: 86 summary: Conversely, assume E is fuzzy set of X, Assume x0.7 is fuzzy point of X = {a, b, c} and E is fuzzy set of X defined as E(a) = 0.4, E(b) = 0.5, E(c) keywords: fuzzy; gφ−; j)− cache: ejpam-4808.pdf plain text: ejpam-4808.txt item: #882 of 2048 id: ejpam-4810 author: Saromines , Chrisley Jade; Canoy Jr. , Sergio title: Another Look at Geodetic Hop Domination in a Graph date: 2023 words: 5089 flesch: 85 summary: Since S is a hop dominating set, by Theorem 3, SG and SH are pointwise non-dominating sets of G and H, respectively. The smallest cardinality of a pointwise non-dominating set of G, denoted by pnd(G), is called the pointwise non-domination number of G. A pointwise non-dominating set S ⊆ V (G) of a graph G is called a 2-path closure absorbing pointwise non-dominating set if it is a 2-path closure absorbing set. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-4810.pdf plain text: ejpam-4810.txt item: #883 of 2048 id: ejpam-4815 author: Kumar, Devendra Kumar title: Approximation of Generalized Biaxisymmetric Potentials in $L^{\beta}$-norm date: 2023 words: 3429 flesch: 78 summary: Introduction Let F = F (x, y) be a real-valued regular solution of the generalized biaxisymmetric potential (GBASP) equation ∂2F ∂x2 + 2µ y ∂F ∂y + ∂2F ∂y2 + 2ν x ∂F ∂x = 0, µ, ν > 0, (1.1) which are even in x and y. A polynomial of degree n which is even in x and y is said to be a GBASP polynomial of degree n if it satisfies (1.1). The series (1.2) can be represented in (r, θ) by F ≡ F (r, θ) keywords: gbasp cache: ejpam-4815.pdf plain text: ejpam-4815.txt item: #884 of 2048 id: ejpam-4821 author: Canete, Gymaima; Rara, Helen; Mahistrado, Angelica Mae title: 2-Locating Sets in a Graph date: 2023 words: 7263 flesch: 88 summary: Resolving sets and locating sets, however, are defined differently in more recent studies. On the other hand, Canoy and Malacas [8] defined a locating set as a set S ⊆ V (G) of G such that for every two distinct vertices u and v of V (G) \ S, NG(u)∩S ̸= NG(v)∩S. Other variations of locating sets are studied in [16], [6], [11], [13], keywords: locating; set cache: ejpam-4821.pdf plain text: ejpam-4821.txt item: #885 of 2048 id: ejpam-4824 author: Pourkia, Arash title: A Note on Quantum Gates SWAP and iSWAP in Higher Dimensions date: 2023 words: 3330 flesch: 82 summary: Preliminaries and Notations Let us recall that in quantum computing quantum logic gates can be represented by unitary matrices on a Hilbert space H with dimension d. Universal quantum gates. keywords: gate; quantum; xswap cache: ejpam-4824.pdf plain text: ejpam-4824.txt item: #886 of 2048 id: ejpam-4825 author: Lacpao, Noel title: Some Explicit Formula of Hurwitz Lerch type Poly-Cauchy Polynomials and Poly-Bernoulli Polynomials date: 2023 words: 4185 flesch: 86 summary: = ∞∑ n=m { n m } tn n! , (|t| < 1) such that [ n m ] = 0 and { n m } = 0 for n < m. Parallel to this, Kaneko [11] defined certain variation of Bernoulli numbers in terms of polylogarithm function Lik(z) EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 16, No. 3, 2023, 1747-1761 ISSN 1307-5543 – ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Some Explicit Formulas of Hurwitz Lerch type Poly-Cauchy Polynomials and Poly-Bernoulli Polynomials Noel B. Lacpao Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Bukidnon State University, Malaybalay City, 8700, Philippines Abstract. keywords: n=0 cache: ejpam-4825.pdf plain text: ejpam-4825.txt item: #887 of 2048 id: ejpam-4827 author: Ali, Eltiyeb title: The Reflexive Condition on Skew Monoid Rings date: 2023 words: 8410 flesch: 88 summary: =  nil(R) R R · · · R 0 nil(R) R · · · R 0 0 nil(R) · · · R ... ... ... . . . 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16S34, 16S36, 20M25 Key Words and Phrases: Left APP -ring, skew monoid ring R ∗M , quasi Armendariz ring, σ-skew strongly M -nil-reflexive ring 1. keywords: monoid; nil(r; reflexive; ring; skew cache: ejpam-4827.pdf plain text: ejpam-4827.txt item: #888 of 2048 id: ejpam-4828 author: Fortosa, Rona Jane; Canoy, Sergio title: Convex Roman Dominating Function in Graphs date: 2023 words: 5588 flesch: 87 summary: = 1 if and only if G = K1 (ii) γCvR(G) Graphs G such that γCvR(G) = 2γcon(G) are called convex Roman graphs. keywords: convex; γcvr(g cache: ejpam-4828.pdf plain text: ejpam-4828.txt item: #889 of 2048 id: ejpam-4829 author: Alorini, Ayesha; Ben Amira, Aymen; Alzohairi, Mohammad; Bouaziz, Moncef title: Prime Graph Generation through Single Edge Addition: Characterizing a Class of Graphs date: 2023 words: 5661 flesch: 89 summary: Indecomposable graphs with at least four vertices are prime graphs. The introduction and the study of the construction of prime graphs obtained from a given decom- posable graph by adding one edge constitue the central points of this paper. keywords: graph; module; prime cache: ejpam-4829.pdf plain text: ejpam-4829.txt item: #890 of 2048 id: ejpam-4830 author: Sumalpong, Felipe Jr Raypan; Frondoza, Michael; Sayson, Noel Lito title: British Put Option On Stocks Under Regime-Switching Model date: 2023 words: 6551 flesch: 86 summary: = j,Xt = x ] , (52) for 0 ≤ t ≤ T and x ∈ (0,∞). = j,Xt = x ] du. (55) keywords: t t cache: ejpam-4830.pdf plain text: ejpam-4830.txt item: #891 of 2048 id: ejpam-4831 author: Sidaty, Mohamed Ahmed title: Nuclearity of a Class of Vector-valued Sequence Spaces date: 2023 words: 4267 flesch: 86 summary: Dual space of certain vector sequence spaces. Reflexivity and AK-property of certain vector sequence spaces. keywords: sequence; space; λ(e cache: ejpam-4831.pdf plain text: ejpam-4831.txt item: #892 of 2048 id: ejpam-4835 author: El Houda, Nesba Nour; Mohammed, Beggas; Essaid, Belouafi; Ahmad, Imtiaz; Ahmad, Hijaz; Askar, Sameh title: Multigrid Methods for the Solution of Nonlinear Variational Inequalities date: 2023 words: 4491 flesch: 64 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65M55, 65N30, 49N05, 65K15, 35J86 Key Words and Phrases: Multigrid method, nonlinear variational inequality, finite element, iterative method, HJB equation 1. In contrast, multigrid methods offer a distinct advantage. keywords: ahmad; convergence; iterations; method; multigrid; numerical; solution cache: ejpam-4835.pdf plain text: ejpam-4835.txt item: #893 of 2048 id: ejpam-4840 author: Khan, Sana Ullah; Khan, Asif; Ullah, Aman; Ahmad, Shabir; Awwad, Fuad A.; Ismail, Emad A. A.; Maitama, Shehu; Umar, Huzaifa; Ahmad, Hijaz title: Solving nth-order Integro-differential Equations by Novel Generalized Hybrid Transform date: 2023 words: 4147 flesch: 74 summary: Recently, Shehu has introduced an integral transform called Shehu transform, which generalizes the two well-known integrals transforms, i.e. Laplace and Sumudu transform. In this article, for the first time, we use Shehu transform for the computation of solution of nth-order IDEs. keywords: ahmad; equations; method; shehu; solution; transform cache: ejpam-4840.pdf plain text: ejpam-4840.txt item: #894 of 2048 id: ejpam-4841 author: Adanza, Joel title: On B-commutators of B-algebras date: 2023 words: 4741 flesch: 96 summary: By (i), we have (x ∗ y)w = (0 ∗ (y ∗ x))w = 0 ∗ (y ∗ x)w. [21], (P2) x ∗ y = 0 ∗ (y ∗ x) keywords: ∗ w; ∗ x; ∗ y cache: ejpam-4841.pdf plain text: ejpam-4841.txt item: #895 of 2048 id: ejpam-4843 author: Stojiljkovic, Vuk title: Twice Differentiable Ostrowski Type Tensorial Norm Inequality for Continuous Functions of Selfadjoint Operators in Hilbert Spaces date: 2023 words: 4180 flesch: 81 summary: Since our paper is about tensorial Ostrowski type inequalities, we give the brief introduc- tion to the topic. −A⊗ 1∥2 16 (∫ 1 0 l2 (( 1− l 2 )∥∥f ′′(A)∥∥+ l 2 ∥∥f ′′(B) ∥∥) dl + ∫ 1 0 (l − 1)2 ( 1− l 2 ∥∥f ′′(A)∥∥+ 1 + l 2 ∥∥f ′′(B) ∥∥) dl). keywords: inequalities cache: ejpam-4843.pdf plain text: ejpam-4843.txt item: #896 of 2048 id: ejpam-4849 author: Jabbar, Hawraz N.; Subhi, Yeldez J.; Hassan, Basim A. title: Image Impulse Noise Reduction Using a Conjugate Gradient of Alternative Parameter date: 2023 words: 2299 flesch: 69 summary: [7] Basim A Hassan and Ali Ahmed A. Improvement of conjugate gradient methods for removing impulse noise images. Convergence properties of nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. keywords: gk+1; gradient; new; stk cache: ejpam-4849.pdf plain text: ejpam-4849.txt item: #897 of 2048 id: ejpam-4850 author: Saleh, Wedad; Meftah, Badreddine; Lakhdari, Abdelghani; Kiliçman, Adem title: Exploring the Companion of Ostrowski's Inequalities via Local Fractional Integrals date: 2023 words: 6870 flesch: 80 summary: Some local fractional maclaurin type inequalities for generalized convex functions and their applications. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 26D10, 26D15, 26A51 Key Words and Phrases: Tow-point Newton-Cotes, generalized s-convex functions, local frac- tional integral, fractal set 1. keywords: γ b; γ(1+(s+1)γ; ∣∣∣j cache: ejpam-4850.pdf plain text: ejpam-4850.txt item: #898 of 2048 id: ejpam-4854 author: Engalan, Genevieve B.; Latayada, Mary Joy title: The Linear Algebra of (r, β)-Stirling Matrices date: 2023 words: 4625 flesch: 90 summary: βt+ r βt+ β + r βt+ 2β + r βt+ 3β + r (βt+ r)2 (βt+ β + r)2 (βt+ 2β + r)2 (βt+ 3β + r)2 (βt+ r)3 (βt+ β + r)3 (βt+ 2β + r)3 (βt+ 3β + r)3  = Vβ,r 4 (t). 2.4. − s]S(β,s)(4) =  1 0 0 0 r − s 1 0 0 (r − s)2 2(r − s) 1 0 (r − s)3 3(r − s)2 3(r − s) 1   1 0 0 0 s 1 0 0 s2 β + 2s 1 0 s3 β2 + 3βs+ 3s2 3β + 3s 1  =  1 0 0 0 r 1 0 0 −1 + 2r + (r − 1)2 b+ 2r 1 0 −2 + 3r + 3 (r − 1)2 + (r − 1)3 b2 + 3b+ 6r − 3 + 3b (r − 1) + 3 (r − 1)2 3b+ 3r 1  =  1 0 0 0 r 1 0 0 r2 β + 2r 1 0 r3 β2 + 3βr + 3r2 3β + 3r 1  = S(β,r)(4) Proposition 3. Let Pn[r] and S2(n)[β] be the n×n Pascal matrix and Stirling matrix of the second kind. keywords: matrix; βt+ cache: ejpam-4854.pdf plain text: ejpam-4854.txt item: #899 of 2048 id: ejpam-4857 author: aziz, Maysoon M; Arif, Ghassan E.; Ahmad, Ahmad T. title: Analysis of Novel 4D Rabinovich-Fabrikant Continuous Dynamical System with Coexistence Attractors date: 2023 words: 3515 flesch: 66 summary: Characteristic equation The Jacobian matrix of new system (1), at equilibrium point E0(0, 0, 0, 0) is: 0.077 −1 0 0 1 0.077 0 0 0 0 −0.2 4 0 0 −0.2 4  It’s characteristic equation λ4 − 3.954λ3 + 0.791129λ2 − 3.6993302λ − 0.8047432 = 0. Math, 16 (3) (2023), 1991-2004 1995 (a) (b) Figure 1: The wave-form of new system (1): (1a)x− t, (1b)z − t. 3.3.2. keywords: aziz; control; lyapunov; new; synchronization; system cache: ejpam-4857.pdf plain text: ejpam-4857.txt item: #900 of 2048 id: ejpam-4858 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: Upper and Lower $\alpha$-$\star$-continuity date: 2024 words: 4457 flesch: 81 summary: Let x ∈ X and V be any ⋆-open set of Y such that ⋆αClJ (F (x)) ⊆ V . Let x ∈ X and V be any ⋆-open set of Y such that F (x) ⊆ V . keywords: set cache: ejpam-4858.pdf plain text: ejpam-4858.txt item: #901 of 2048 id: ejpam-4859 author: Magpantay , Daryl title: S-invariant Termwise Addition of Reactions Via Reaction Vector Multiples (STAR-RVM) Transformation date: 2023 words: 9431 flesch: 75 summary: Let N = (S ,C ,R) be a CRN and y → y′ ∈ R with y′ − y = (c1, . . . Deficiency of a CRN A central concept of the theory of chemical reaction networks is the deficiency of the CRN. keywords: complexes; network; number; reactant; reaction; rvm; star cache: ejpam-4859.pdf plain text: ejpam-4859.txt item: #902 of 2048 id: ejpam-486 author: Aouf, M.K.; Seoudy, Tamer title: Differential Subordination and Superordination of Analytic Functions Defined by an Integral Operator date: 2009 words: 7951 flesch: 87 summary: If f (z) ∈ A � p � satisfies n φ � Qαβ ,p f (z),Qα−1 β ,p f (z),Qα−2 β ,p f (z); z � : z ∈ U o ⊂ Ω � α > 2; β > −1; p ∈ N � , (5) then Qαβ ,p f (z) ≺ q (z) (z ∈ U) . If f (z) ∈ A � p � satisfies φ � Qαβ ,p f (z),Qα−1 β ,p f (z),Qα−2 β ,p f (z); z � ≺ h(z) � α > 2;β > −1; p ∈ N; z ∈ U � , (12) then Qαβ ,p f (z) ≺ q (z) (z ∈ U) . keywords: p �; u �; z �; � � cache: ejpam-486.pdf plain text: ejpam-486.txt item: #903 of 2048 id: ejpam-4860 author: Rath, Biswanath; Jarrar, Rabab; Shanak, Hussein; Wannan, Rania; Asad, Jihad title: Real Spectra in Logarithmic Model PT-symmetry Operators: Iso-spectra in Logarithmic PT-symmetry date: 2023 words: 957 flesch: 60 summary: Hence these two potentials can be considered as iso-spectral models in PT-symmetry. This motivates the present author to calculate spectra of H1,2 and suggest new models on logarithmic potentials. keywords: symmetry cache: ejpam-4860.pdf plain text: ejpam-4860.txt item: #904 of 2048 id: ejpam-4862 author: Isahac, Al-Amin Y.; Hassan, Javier; Laja, Ladznar S.; Copel, Hounam B. title: Outer-Convex Hop Domination in Graphs Under Some Binary Operations date: 2023 words: 4956 flesch: 83 summary: Weakly convex hop dominating sets in graphs. Thus, CG ̸= ∅. Similarly, SH ̸= ∅. Now, since C is a hop dominating set of G + H, it follows that CG and CH are pointwise non-dominating sets of G and H, respectively by Theorem 4. keywords: convex; dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4862.pdf plain text: ejpam-4862.txt item: #905 of 2048 id: ejpam-4863 author: Tacbobo, Teresa L. title: The Generator Graph of a Group date: 2023 words: 3267 flesch: 78 summary: Relationship between generating graph and generator graph of group The concept of the generating graph of a group was introduced by Luchini et al in [7]. Therefore, the generator graph ggG can be described as the join of complete graph of order |SG| and null graph of order n− |SG|. keywords: generator; graph; group; vertices cache: ejpam-4863.pdf plain text: ejpam-4863.txt item: #906 of 2048 id: ejpam-4864 author: Abdl-Rahim, H. R.; Ahmad, Hijaz; Nofal, Taher A.; Ismail, G. M. title: Analytical and Approximate Solutions for Fractional Systems of Nonlinear Differential Equations date: 2023 words: 3007 flesch: 69 summary: Solution of fractional ordinary differential equations by natural transform. Fractional differential equations, mathematics in science and engi- neering, 1999. keywords: fractional; n=0; transform cache: ejpam-4864.pdf plain text: ejpam-4864.txt item: #907 of 2048 id: ejpam-4867 author: Pilongo, Jupiter; Paleta, Leonard Mijares; Benjamin, Philip Lester P. title: Vertex-weighted $(k_{1},k_{2})$ $E$-torsion Graph of Quasi Self-dual Codes date: 2024 words: 3779 flesch: 84 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C25, 05C60, 05C62, 05C90, 11H71, 14G50 Key Words and Phrases: quasi-self dual codes, rings, torsion codes, E-codes, E-torsion graphs, graph representation, quasi-self dual codes 1. In this paper, we have introduced a graph GEC generated by type-(k1, k2) E-codes which is (k1, k2) E-torsion graph. keywords: codes; graph; torsion cache: ejpam-4867.pdf plain text: ejpam-4867.txt item: #908 of 2048 id: ejpam-4868 author: Campos, Harren; Fernandez, Jezer; Natuil, Jade Bong title: On Degenerate Laplace-type Integral Transform date: 2023 words: 6105 flesch: 83 summary: − Gα,λ{e−ia λ (t)} ] H. J. Campos, J. C. Fernandez, J. B. M. Natuil / Eur. Now, using Theorem 2 and Theorem 6, we obtain Gα,λ{sinh (a) λ (t)} = 1 2 [ Gα,λ{eaλ(t)} − Gα,λ{e−a λ (t)} ] keywords: degenerate cache: ejpam-4868.pdf plain text: ejpam-4868.txt item: #909 of 2048 id: ejpam-4870 author: Bonifacio, Jhon Cris; Andaya, Clarence Joy; Magpantay , Daryl title: On the j-Edge Intersection Graph of Cycle Graph date: 2023 words: 8803 flesch: 84 summary: In the paper [4], they investi- gated The class of edge intersection graphs of a collection of paths in a tree (EPT graphs) where two paths edge intersect if they share an edge. [1] that presents some other results about edge intersection graphs of paths on a grid and shows several results of the other clsses of graphs. keywords: ec(n; edge; graph cache: ejpam-4870.pdf plain text: ejpam-4870.txt item: #910 of 2048 id: ejpam-4871 author: Al Khalaf, Ahmad; Taha, Iman title: Finite Minimal Simple Groups Non-satisfying the Basis Property date: 2023 words: 4208 flesch: 81 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 20M05, 03D40 Key Words and Phrases: Simple group, Minimal group, Group with the Basis Property 1. It should be mentioned that simple groups are not soluble groups, unless the simple groups with prime orders. keywords: basis; basis property; group; property; psl(2 cache: ejpam-4871.pdf plain text: ejpam-4871.txt item: #911 of 2048 id: ejpam-4872 author: Ahn, Sun Shin; Kim, Hee Sik; Song, Seok-Zun; Jun, Young Bae title: Dokdo Filters and Deductive Systems of Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras date: 2023 words: 5579 flesch: 92 summary: A Dokdo structure Dokf := (f̊ , fs, f̃) is called a Dokdo filter of (U,X ) if it satisfies: (∀x ∈ X) ( 1 (x,x) ∈ f̊(M,m) fs(1) ⊇ fs(x), f̃(1) ⊵ f̃(x) ) , (19) (∀x, y ∈ X)  x|(y|y) (y,y) ∈ f̊(M,m) fs(x|(y|y)) Every Dokdo filter Dokf := (f̊ , f s, f̃) of (U,X ) satisfies: (∀x, y ∈ X)  (x|(y|y))|(y|y) (x,x) ∈ f̊(M,m) fs((x|(y|y))|(y|y)) ⊇ f s(x) f̃((x|(y|y))|(y|y)) keywords: dokdo cache: ejpam-4872.pdf plain text: ejpam-4872.txt item: #912 of 2048 id: ejpam-4877 author: Hassan, Javier; Canoy, Jr., Sergio R. title: Grundy Total Hop Dominating Sequences in Graphs date: 2023 words: 7401 flesch: 88 summary: Two sequences S and S′ in G are loh-identical if they are legal open hop neighborhood sequences (or Grundy total hop dominating sequences) and Ŝ = Ŝ′ (i.e., one is a reaarrangement of the terms of the other). , t}, and so S is Grundy total hop dominating sequence. keywords: dominating; grundy; hop; hop dominating; sequence; total cache: ejpam-4877.pdf plain text: ejpam-4877.txt item: #913 of 2048 id: ejpam-488 author: Aouf, M.K.; Shamandy, A.; El-Ashwah, R. M.; Ali, E. E. title: Argument Estimates of Certain Analytic Functions Associated with a Family of Multiplier Transformations date: 2010 words: 4587 flesch: 86 summary: f ∈ A satisfying the argument inequality � � � � � � � � � arg       z(Im(λ,ℓ) f (z)) ′ � 1 q � q ∑ j=1 Im(λ,ℓ)g j(z)       � � � � � � � � � < π 2 α (6) (z ∈ U , m ∈ N0, 0< α≤ 1; g j ∈ Ωm,λ,ℓ(q; A, B); j = 1, ...,q) . If − π 2 δ1 < arg       z(Im+1(λ,ℓ) f (z)) ′ � 1 q � q ∑ j=1 Im+1(λ,ℓ)g j(z)       < π 2 δ2 , where g1, ..., gq ∈ Ωm+1,λ,ℓ(q; A, B), then − π 2 α1 < arg       z(Im(λ,ℓ) f (z)) ′ � 1 q � q ∑ j=1 Im(λ,ℓ)g j(z)       < π 2 α2 , where α1 and α2 (0< α1, α2 ≤ 1) are the solutions of the following equations: δ1 =    α1 + � 2 π � tan−1 � (α1+α2)(1−|a|) cos � π 2 � t1 2 � 1+A 1+B + 1−λ+ℓ λ � (1+|a|)+(α1+α2)(1−|a|) sin � π 2 � t1 � (B 6= −1) , α1 (B = −1) , (16) M. Aouf, A. Shamandy, R. El-Ashway, E. Ali / Eur. keywords: q �; � π; � � cache: ejpam-488.pdf plain text: ejpam-488.txt item: #914 of 2048 id: ejpam-4882 author: Khamrot, Pannawit; Deetae, Natthinee title: A New Class of Generalized Extreme Value Distribution and Application under Alpha Power Transformation Method date: 2023 words: 4983 flesch: 58 summary: Alpha power transformation generalized extreme value distribution A random variable X is said to have APTGEV distribution, denoted by G(µ, σ, ξ, α), with location parameter µ, shape parameter σ, and scale parameter ξ, α, if the PDF and CDF of X for x ≥ 0 and ξ ̸= 0 are given by G(x;µ, σ, ξ, α) The central moments (µk) of APTGEV distribution can be obtained from µk = E(X − µ′ 1) k = k∑ n=0 (−1)n ( k n ) (µ′ 1) nµ′ k−n. keywords: aptgev; data; distribution; power; return; value cache: ejpam-4882.pdf plain text: ejpam-4882.txt item: #915 of 2048 id: ejpam-4883 author: Hassan, Javier; Salim, Jeffrey Imer title: $J$-Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 6278 flesch: 88 summary: On the other hand, suppose that D = DG ∪ DH , where either DH = ∅ and DG = D is γJ - set in G or DG = ∅ and DH = D is γJ -set in H. Then by Theorem 10, D is a J-dominating set in G + H. The closed neighborhood of X in G is the set NG[X] = NG(X)∪X. A subset D of V (G) is called a dominating of G if for every x ∈ V (G) \ D, there exists y ∈ D such that xy ∈ E(G). keywords: dominating; dominating set; set cache: ejpam-4883.pdf plain text: ejpam-4883.txt item: #916 of 2048 id: ejpam-4888 author: Kanj, Hassan; Iqbal, Hifza; Aftab, Muhammad Haroon; Raza, Hasnain; Jebreen, Kamel; Sowaity, Mohammed Issa title: Topological Characterization of Hexagonal Network and Non-Kekulean Benzenoid Hydrocarbon date: 2023 words: 3311 flesch: 64 summary: Zagreb connection indices provide better correlation coefficient then the classical Zagreb indices. Over the decades numerous structural topological descriptors have been defined, keeping in view the importance and applications of these structures we have defined Zagreb connection indices for hexagonal network and non-kekulean benzenoid hydrocarbon. keywords: connection; index; indices; topological; zagreb cache: ejpam-4888.pdf plain text: ejpam-4888.txt item: #917 of 2048 id: ejpam-4894 author: Hamja, Jamil title: Certified Perfect Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 5121 flesch: 81 summary: A perfect dominating set S ⊆ V (G) is called certified perfect dominating set of G if every u ∈ S has either zero or at least two neighbors in Math, 16 (4) (2023), 2763-2774 2764 In 1990, Livingston M. et.al, investigated the concept of perfect dominating set of a graph. keywords: dominating; dominating set; perfect; set cache: ejpam-4894.pdf plain text: ejpam-4894.txt item: #918 of 2048 id: ejpam-490 author: Aouf, M.K.; El-Ashwah, R.M.; El-Deeb, Sheza Mohammed title: Subordination Results for Certain Subclasses of Uniformly Starlike and Convex Functions Defined by Convolution date: 2010 words: 5228 flesch: 90 summary: (23) Thus from (18), we have (2+ β −α)(1+ γ)b2 2 � (2+ β −α)(1+ γ)b2+ (1−α) � f0(z) ≺ z 1− z (z ∈ U). � r − (1−α) � (2+ β −α)(1+ γ)b2 + (1−α) � r = 1− r > 0 (|z| = r < 1), where we have also made use of assertion (17) of Lemma 2. keywords: � � cache: ejpam-490.pdf plain text: ejpam-490.txt item: #919 of 2048 id: ejpam-4901 author: Latayada , Mary Joy R. title: On the Number of Restricted One-to-One and Onto Functons Having Integral Coordinates date: 2023 words: 3969 flesch: 84 summary: i, i ≤ n. To count the number of restricted onto functions f |Si , let us consider the following sequence of events: E1 : event of choosing a subset S1 of Nm such that |Si| = i. E2 : event of forming a restricted onto function f |Si : Nm −→ Nn. By Multiplication Principle, the number of such restricted one-to-one functions f |Si = f |Si−1∪{m+1} overall Si ⊆ Nm+1 is equal to |E1||E2| = Ŷ (i− 1,m)(m+ 2− i). keywords: functions cache: ejpam-4901.pdf plain text: ejpam-4901.txt item: #920 of 2048 id: ejpam-4905 author: Hassan, Javier; Bakkang, Alcyn R.; Sappari, Amil-Shab S. title: $J^2$-Hop Domination in Graphs: Properties and Connections with Other Parameters date: 2023 words: 6578 flesch: 92 summary: Observe that ai−2 ∈ N2 Pk [ai] \ N2 Pk [aj ] and aj+2 ∈ N2 Pk [aj ] \ N2 Pk [ai] for all j > i, where i, j ∈ {3, 4, . . Let u ∈ NG(a) and v ∈ NG(b), then u ∈ N2 G+H keywords: dominating; hop; set cache: ejpam-4905.pdf plain text: ejpam-4905.txt item: #921 of 2048 id: ejpam-491 author: Noiri, Takashi; Popa, Valeriu title: A Generalization of Some Forms of g-Irresolute Functions date: 2009 words: 6749 flesch: 91 summary: ∈mInt( f −1(V )) for every V ∈ mY containing f(x); (3) x ∈ f −1(mCl( f (A))) for every subset A of X with x ∈mCl(A); (4) x ∈ f −1(mCl(B)) for every subset B of Y with x ∈mCl( f −1(B)); (5) x ∈mInt( f −1(B)) for every subset B of Y with x ∈ f −1(mInt(B)); (6) x ∈ f −1(K) for every mY -closed set K of Y such that x ∈mCl( f −1(K)). There exists an mY -open set V of Y containing f (x) such that U ∩ (X − f −1(V )) keywords: closed; resp cache: ejpam-491.pdf plain text: ejpam-491.txt item: #922 of 2048 id: ejpam-4912 author: Hassan, Javier; Manditong, Jahiri; Bakkang, Alcyn; Kamdon, Sisteta U.; Salim, Jeffrey Imer title: Characterizations of $J$-Total Dominating Sets in Some Special Graphs and Graphs under Some Operations date: 2023 words: 5452 flesch: 88 summary: = V (G) ∪ V (H) and edge set E(G+H) = E(G) ∪ E(H) ∪ {uv : u ∈ V (G), v ∈ V (H)}. Weakly convex hop dominating sets in graphs. keywords: dominating; dominating set; graph; set cache: ejpam-4912.pdf plain text: ejpam-4912.txt item: #923 of 2048 id: ejpam-4914 author: Canoy Jr, Sergio; Jamil, Ferdinand; Menchavez, Sheila title: Hop Italian Domination in Graphs date: 2023 words: 9465 flesch: 90 summary: Since G is noncomplete, there exist u, v ∈ V (G) such thatdG(u, v) = 2. Observe that g = ({u}, V1 \ {u, v}, {v}) is a PNDI -function of G with ωG(g) = ωG(f). ■ It is worth noting that the family of graphs G for which γ2h(G) = γhI(G) keywords: hop; set; γhi(g cache: ejpam-4914.pdf plain text: ejpam-4914.txt item: #924 of 2048 id: ejpam-4916 author: Yadav, Kailash; Alsaadi, Ateq title: A Comparative Study of Numerical Solution of Second-order Singular Differential Equations Using Bernoulli Wavelet Techniques date: 2023 words: 2876 flesch: 63 summary: Math, 16 (4) (2023), 2096-2105 2097 of singular boundary value problems has always been a complex and challenging utilize due to the unique behavior that happens at [9]. Numerical solution of singular boundary value problems by hermite wavelet based galerkin method. keywords: equations; method; numerical; singular; value; wavelet cache: ejpam-4916.pdf plain text: ejpam-4916.txt item: #925 of 2048 id: ejpam-4918 author: Ali, Eltiyeb title: Generalized Reflexive Structures Properties of Crossed Products Type date: 2023 words: 6811 flesch: 87 summary: [23], for each j and k, there exist dj , ek ∈ R and regular s, t ∈ R such that u−1bj = djs −1 REFERENCES 2167 and (vs)−1ck = ekt −1. In particular, if M = (N ∪ {0},+) and both f and ω are trivial, then R is strongly CM -reflexive if and only if R is strongly reflexive. keywords: -reflexive; monoid; ring cache: ejpam-4918.pdf plain text: ejpam-4918.txt item: #926 of 2048 id: ejpam-492 author: Jayaram, C. title: Ï€-Modules date: 2009 words: 4138 flesch: 75 summary: In this paper we characterize π-modules. Math, 2 (2009), (508-519) 511 3. π-modules In this section, we characterize π-modules. keywords: module; prime; submodule cache: ejpam-492.pdf plain text: ejpam-492.txt item: #927 of 2048 id: ejpam-4920 author: Manditong, Jahiri; Tapeing, Aziz; Hassan, Javier; Bakkang, Alcyn R. ; Mohommad, Nurijam Hanna M. ; Kamdon, Sisteta U. title: Some Properties of Zero Forcing Hop Dominating Sets in a Graph date: 2024 words: 5223 flesch: 88 summary: The minimum cardinality among all zero forcing hop dominating sets in G, denoted by γzh(G), is called the zero forcing hop domination number of G. A zero forcing hop dominating set Z with |Z| = γzh(G), is called the minimum zero forcing hop dominating set of G or a γzh-set of G. Example 1. The minimum cardinality among all zero forcing hop dominating sets in G, denoted by γzh(G), is called the zero forcing hop domination number of G. keywords: dominating; forcing; hop; let; set cache: ejpam-4920.pdf plain text: ejpam-4920.txt item: #928 of 2048 id: ejpam-4922 author: Itoua-Tsele , Cordy Jourvel; Ouassissou, Antoine Filankembo title: Analytical Solution of Vertically Integrated Equations of a Confined Aquifer in two-dimension using Finite Volume method date: 2023 words: 5592 flesch: 63 summary: Gw-pinn: A deep learning algorithm for solving groundwater flow equations. [10] proposed a mathematical model to represent the transition of groundwater flow from con- fined to unconfined aquifers, specifically the classical differential operator that is based on the rate of change is replaced by a non-conventional one including the differential operator that can represent processes following the power law to capture the memory effect, after which the numerical analysis was carried out using the Caputo fractional operator, and numerical solutions were obtained. keywords: aquifer; equation; flow; groundwater; head; volume cache: ejpam-4922.pdf plain text: ejpam-4922.txt item: #929 of 2048 id: ejpam-4923 author: Alghamdi, Amjad title: The SL(2,R) Group Representations on Spaces of Holomorphic Functions on the Unit Disc date: 2023 words: 5498 flesch: 85 summary: = {( a b c d ) : ad− bc = 1, a, b, c, d ∈ R } . Math, 16 (4) (2023), 2348-2367 2349 A = {( α 0 0 α−1 ) : α > 0 } , N = {( 1 x 0 1 ) : x ∈ R } . keywords: space; su(1 cache: ejpam-4923.pdf plain text: ejpam-4923.txt item: #930 of 2048 id: ejpam-4924 author: Ouédraogo, Hamed; Dembega, Abdoulaye; Conseibo, André title: Derivations and Representations of Commutative Algebras Verifying a Polynomial Identity of Degree Five date: 2023 words: 4030 flesch: 86 summary: = −t(t − 1)(t − λ1)(t − λ2), in which case A = A0 ⊕ A1 ⊕ Aλ1 ⊕ Aλ2 , where Aµ = {x ∈ A|ex = µx}, λ1 = 3+i √ 3 6 and λ2 = 3−i √ 3 6 . Sup- pose that the polynomial 3t2 − 3t + 1 = 3(t − λ1)(t − λ2) in K[t]. keywords: aλ2 cache: ejpam-4924.pdf plain text: ejpam-4924.txt item: #931 of 2048 id: ejpam-4928 author: ALdarawi, Iman; Maayah, Banan; Aldabbas, Eman; Abuteen, Eman title: Numerical Solutions of Some Classes of Partial Differential Equations of Fractional Order date: 2023 words: 3850 flesch: 73 summary: Fractional fourier series with sepa- ration of variables technique and its application on fractional differential equations. WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics, 20:461–469, 2021. Conformable fractional derivatives and it is applications for solving fractional differential equations. keywords: equation; fractional; solution cache: ejpam-4928.pdf plain text: ejpam-4928.txt item: #932 of 2048 id: ejpam-4929 author: Alsaadi, Ateq; Salah Hamed, Yasser title: On controlling, Vibration Performance and Energy Transfer of an Offshore Wind Turbine Tower System via PPF Controller date: 2023 words: 6460 flesch: 65 summary: The results also be compared to previous research that has been published. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 34A34, 34C15, 34C23, 34C25, 34D20, 34E13, 37N15, 70B05, 70K05, 70K40, 70K42, 70K50 Key Words and Phrases: Offshore wind turbine system, Energy transfer, Vibration control, Stability, positive position feedback control 1. [0] B. Fitzgerald , S. Sarkar and A. Staino, “Improved reliability of wind turbine towers with active tuned mass dampers (ATMDs)” Journal of Sound and Vibration 419 (2018) 103–122. keywords: control; response; system; turbine; wind cache: ejpam-4929.pdf plain text: ejpam-4929.txt item: #933 of 2048 id: ejpam-493 author: Aouf, M.K.; Dziok, Jacek title: Inclusion and Neighborhood Properties of Certain Subclasses of Analytic and Multivalent Functions date: 2009 words: 2555 flesch: 85 summary: Key Words and Phrases: Analytic functions, p-valent functions, the, Dziok-Srivastava opera- tor, neighborhood. References [1] J. Dziok, H.M. Srivastava, Classes of analytic functions associated with the generalized hypergeometric function, Appl. keywords: � � cache: ejpam-493.pdf plain text: ejpam-493.txt item: #934 of 2048 id: ejpam-4930 author: Kandil, Ali; Hamed, Y. S. title: Integral Resonant Controller for Suppressing Car’s Oscillations and Eliminating its Inherent Jump Phenomenon date: 2023 words: 7143 flesch: 64 summary: Applied nonlinear control. Nonlinear integral resonant controller for vibration reduction in nonlinear systems. keywords: amplitude; car; control; force; irc; kkc; motion; response; system cache: ejpam-4930.pdf plain text: ejpam-4930.txt item: #935 of 2048 id: ejpam-4931 author: Ouya, Jules; Ouedraogo , Arouna title: Global Existence of Weak Solutions to 3D Compressible Primitive Equations of Atmospheric Dynamics with Degenerate Viscosity date: 2023 words: 13453 flesch: 84 summary: Math, 16 (4) (2023), 2247-2285 2264 − ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξuv∂yΦdXdt+ ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ∇xξ 2 · ΦdXdt+ r ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|u|uΦdXdt + r1 ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω uΦdXdt+ α ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ∆xu ·∆xΦdXdt = − ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω 2ξDx(u) : ∇xΦdXdt+ ϵ ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω (∇xξ · ∇xu) ΦdX − r2 ∫ T 0 ∫ × Ω. Due to the lower semi-continuity of convex functions, we can obtain the following energy inequality (116) and B-D entropy (117) by passing to the limits in (100) and (101) as r2, δ −→ 0,∫ Ω ( 1 2 ξu2 + ξ2 + k1|∇x √ ξ|2 ) dxdy + r1 ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω u2dxdydt + r ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|u|3dxdydt+ ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω 2ξ|Dx(u)|2dxdydt+ g ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω vξ ln ξdxdydt + ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|∂yu|2dxdydt ≤ ∫ Ω ( 1 2 ξ0u 2 0 + ξ20 + k1|∇x √ ξ0|2 ) ddxdy (116) and∫ Ω (1 2 ξ|u+ 2∇x ln ξ|2 − 2r1 ln ξ ) dxdy + 2 ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|∂yv|2dxdydt+ r ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|u|3dxdydt + r1 ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω u2dxdydt+ ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|∂yu|2dxdy + k1 ∫ T 0 ∫ Ω ξ|∇2 x ln ξ|2dxdydt J. Ouya, A. Ouédraogo / Eur. keywords: appl; dxdy; l2(ω; math; ξk1,r1; ∈ l2; − ∫; ∫ t; ∫ ω cache: ejpam-4931.pdf plain text: ejpam-4931.txt item: #936 of 2048 id: ejpam-4933 author: Roh, Eun Hwan; Yang, Eunsuk; Jun, Young Bae title: Ideals of BCK-algebras and BCI-algebras Based on a New Form of Fuzzy Set date: 2023 words: 6673 flesch: 96 summary: Hence 0 ∗ (y ∗ z) = (0 ∗ y) ∗ (0 ∗ z) = 0 by (III) and (6), and so 0 ≤X y ∗ z, E. H. Roh, E. Yang, Y. B. Jun / Eur. ∗ x (4) = ((x ∗ y) ∗ x) ∗ (0 ∗ y) (4) = ((x ∗ x) ∗ y) ∗ (0 ∗ y) (III) = (0 ∗ y) ∗ (0 ∗ y) (III) = 0, that is, (x ∗ y) ∗ (0 ∗ y) ≤X x. keywords: yj(ε cache: ejpam-4933.pdf plain text: ejpam-4933.txt item: #937 of 2048 id: ejpam-4936 author: Laipaporn, Kittipong; Kaewchay, Saowapak; Karnbanjong, Adisak title: On the Diophantine Equations $a^x+b^y+c^z=w^2$ date: 2023 words: 7005 flesch: 87 summary: Since 1+by+cz ≡ 3 (mod 4) and w2 ≡ 0, 1 (mod 4), equation ax+by+cz = w2 has no solution for the case x = 0. Therefore, in this article, we investigate the exponential Diophantine equation in the form ax + by + cz = w2, using only elementary tools related to modulo concepts. keywords: mod; solution cache: ejpam-4936.pdf plain text: ejpam-4936.txt item: #938 of 2048 id: ejpam-4939 author: Yunianti, Dwi Nur; Hidayat, Noor; Sulaiman, Raden; Alghofari, Abdul Rouf title: Some Properties of Operations in the Collection of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets : A Novel Approach date: 2023 words: 2994 flesch: 72 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03E72, 03G25 Key Words and Phrases: Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Collection of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Inter- section, Union 1. Adopting definition of intuitionistic fuzzy set, collection of intuitionistic fuzzy sets also give membership and non-membership degree for every members of the universe set. keywords: fuzzy; sets cache: ejpam-4939.pdf plain text: ejpam-4939.txt item: #939 of 2048 id: ejpam-4940 author: Sibihi, Alanoud title: Solutions of Some Quadratic Diophantine Equations date: 2023 words: 3117 flesch: 80 summary: Then u2k − P (t)v2k = (a0y(k−1)l−1xl−1 + x(k−1)l−1xl−1 + y(k−1)l−1xl−2) 2 −P (t)(a0y(k−1)l−1yl−1 + x(k−1)l−1yl−1 + y(k−1)l−1yl−2) 2 = (u1uk−1 + (a0u1 + α)vk−1) 2 − P (t)(v1uk−1 + (a0v1 + β)vk−1) 2 = u21u 2 k−1 + 2u1(a0u1 + α)uk−1vk−1 + (a0u1 + α)2v2k−1 −P (t)v21u 2 k−1 − 2P (t)(a0v1 + β)v1uk−1vk−1 − P (t)(a0v1 + β)2v2k−1 = (u21 − P (t)v21)u 2 k−1 − [ (P (t)(a0v1 + β)2 − (a0u1 + α)2 ] v2k−1 +2 [u1(a0u1 + α)− P (t)v1(a0v1 + β)]uk−1vk−1 Using the above lemma, we have (P (t)(a0v1 + β)2 − (a0u1 + α)2 = P (t)u21 − P (t)2v21 = P (t)(u21 − P (t)v21) = P (t) and u1(a0u1 + α)− P (t)v1(a0v1 + β) In [2], Tekcan consider the number of integer solutions of Diophantine equation E : x2 − (t2 − t)y2 − (4t − 2)x + (4t2 − 4t)y = 0 over Z, where t ≥ 2. keywords: solutions cache: ejpam-4940.pdf plain text: ejpam-4940.txt item: #940 of 2048 id: ejpam-4941 author: Abdelalim, Seddik; Elmouki, Ilias title: Crystal Reduced Motif via the Vectors Exchange Theorem I: Impact of Swapping on two Orthogonalization Processes and the AE Algorithm date: 2023 words: 11382 flesch: 73 summary: i , e ∗∗(k) j ⟩ = 0 for 1 ≤ i ≤ k k ⟩ = ⟨e∗∗k , e∗∗k ⟩ and also, ⟨e∗∗(k−1) j , e∗∗k ⟩ = ⟨e∗∗(k−1) j , e∗∗i ⟩ = ⟨e∗∗(k−1) j , e ∗∗(k−1) keywords: basis; crystal; e∗∗1; e∗∗k; lattice; reduction; vectors cache: ejpam-4941.pdf plain text: ejpam-4941.txt item: #941 of 2048 id: ejpam-4944 author: Diaa Elgezouli; Mutaz Omer; Farhat, Yasser; Elmhadi Afif; Subramanian, Vadakasi title: On Dense Sets date: 2023 words: 9567 flesch: 95 summary: Assume that, Q ∈ (1, 2) − D(X); Q ∈ µ2 and J ∈ (2, 1)⋆ − D(X). Let (X,µ1, µ2) be a BGTS and η1 = {Q ⊂ X | Q ∈ (1, 2)⋆ − D(X); η2 = {P ⊂ X | P ∈ (2, 1)⋆ −D(X)}. keywords: ̸= ∅ cache: ejpam-4944.pdf plain text: ejpam-4944.txt item: #942 of 2048 id: ejpam-4946 author: Hassan, Javier; Tapeing, Aziz; Copel, Hounam B. ; Bakkang, Alcyn ; Aming, Sharifa Dianne A. title: $J^2$-Independence Parameters of Some Graphs date: 2024 words: 4950 flesch: 87 summary: Math, 17 (1) (2024), 124-134 125 called maximum if it is of largest cardinality, that is, if V ′ ∪{v} is not an independent set for any v ∈ V (G)\V ′, and it is denoted by i(G) to be the number of maximal independent sets of G. In 1992, Jiuqiang Liu[8] developed new properties for the number of maximal indepen- dent sets i(G) and the number of maximum independent sets im(G), as well as determine the largest number of maximal and maximum independent sets possible in a k-connected graph of order n(with n large) and characterize the respective extremal graphs. The structure and maximum number of maximum independent sets in trees. keywords: independent; set cache: ejpam-4946.pdf plain text: ejpam-4946.txt item: #943 of 2048 id: ejpam-4947 author: Heilat, Ahmed Salem title: Cubic Trigonometric B-spline Method for Solving a Linear System of Second Order Boundary Value Problems date: 2023 words: 4158 flesch: 72 summary: [8] Sinc method [9] CTBSM u(x) v(x) u(x) v(x) u(x) v(x) 0.08 3.3E − 03 7.7E − 03 3.2E − 03 1.5E − 03 1.1E − 04 3.2E − 04 0.24 7.7E − 03 2.2E − 02 9.4E − 04 7.0E − 03 1.5E − 04 7.8E − 04 0.40 9.7E − 03 2.7E − 02 2.0E − 03 7.4E − 03 1.3E − 04 1.1E − 03 0.56 9.5E − 03 2.7E − 02 2.2E − 04 1.0E − 02 1.2E − 04 1.1E − 03 0.72 7.3E − 03 2.0E − 02 4.1E − 03 4.4E − 03 8.2E − 05 0.8E = x2 − x and v(x) keywords: method; order; solution; system cache: ejpam-4947.pdf plain text: ejpam-4947.txt item: #944 of 2048 id: ejpam-4949 author: Zein, Ali title: A General Family of Fifth-order Iterative Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equations date: 2023 words: 7548 flesch: 81 summary: Then the computational order of convergence can be computed by using the formula p ≈ ln |(xn+1 − α)/(xn − α)| ln |(xn − α)/(xn−1 − α)| . − xn−1)/(xn−1 − xn−2)| . keywords: f ′(xn; methods; order; ′(xn; ′(yn cache: ejpam-4949.pdf plain text: ejpam-4949.txt item: #945 of 2048 id: ejpam-4951 author: Sapkota, Buddhi Prasad; Jnawali, Jivandhar title: New Variants of Newton's Method for Solving Nonlinear Equations date: 2023 words: 3590 flesch: 76 summary: □ Next, we modify method (5) by using methods (6)-7) as below: If x0 is the initial approximation, then x∗0 = x0, x1 = x∗0 − f(x∗0) f ′[12(x ∗ 0 + z1)] , with z1 = x0 − f(x0) f ′ ( x0+x∗ 0 2 ) . Some mathematicians are modifying Newton methods to arrive at a novel technique. keywords: convergence; method; newton; order cache: ejpam-4951.pdf plain text: ejpam-4951.txt item: #946 of 2048 id: ejpam-4953 author: AlShammari, Ibtesam Eid; Ali, Shahbaz; Khan, Q.H.; Rashid, T.; Ozel, Cenap title: Metrical Fixed Point Results on \lowercase{b}-multiplicative metric spaces employing binary relaion date: 2023 words: 4848 flesch: 81 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25,46J10 Key Words and Phrases: Multiplicative metric space, Binary relation, Relation theoretic con- tractions, Coincidence Points 1. [4] M. Özaşvar, A.C. Çevikel, Fixed points of multiplicative contraction mappings on multiplicative metric spaces, ArXiv : 1205.5131v1 [matn. keywords: metric cache: ejpam-4953.pdf plain text: ejpam-4953.txt item: #947 of 2048 id: ejpam-4958 author: Balatta, Shoura Ahmed; Ismail, Eddie Shahril; Hashim, Ishak; Bataineh, Ahmad Sami; Momani, Shaher title: Oscillatory Behavior of Higher-Order Differential Equations with Delay Terms date: 2023 words: 4151 flesch: 70 summary: [22] Yan J. R. Oscillation theorems for second order linear differential equations with damping. [10] Elabbasy E. M. On the oscillation of nonlinear second order differential equations. keywords: differential; equations; i=1; order; oscillation cache: ejpam-4958.pdf plain text: ejpam-4958.txt item: #948 of 2048 id: ejpam-4961 author: Rashid, T.; Jaradat, M. M. M.; Yolacan, E.; Ahmad, H. title: On Prime Counting Functions Using Odd $K$-Almost Primes date: 2024 words: 2782 flesch: 84 summary: Then u = pq, where p, q are odd prime numbers. Introduction Greek mathematicians were the first to study prime numbers and their characteristics in depth. keywords: number; primes cache: ejpam-4961.pdf plain text: ejpam-4961.txt item: #949 of 2048 id: ejpam-4963 author: Caay, Mark; Hernandez, Andrew title: Perfect Equitable Isolate Dominations in Graphs date: 2024 words: 4853 flesch: 82 summary: A subset S ⊆ V (G) is said to be a perfect equitable isolate dominating set of a graph G if it is both perfect equitable dominating set of G and isolate dominating set of G. The minimum cardinality of a perfect equitable isolate dominating set is called perfect equitable isolate domination number of G and is denoted by γpe0(G). A dominating set S ⊆ V (G) is said to be a perfect equitable isolate dominating set (PEID) of G if it is both perfect equitable isolate dominating set. keywords: domination; perfect; set cache: ejpam-4963.pdf plain text: ejpam-4963.txt item: #950 of 2048 id: ejpam-4971 author: Arab, Meraa title: Bifurcation and Exact Traveling Wave Solutions for the Nonlinear Klein-Gordon Equation date: 2023 words: 6548 flesch: 68 summary: This paper focuses on the construction of traveling wave solutions to the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation by employing the qualitative theory of planar dynamical systems. Traveling wave solution Applying the traveling wave transformation ξ = x− ωt, u = φ(ξ) (2) to Eq. keywords: equation; nonlinear; orbits; periodic; phase; solutions; system; wave cache: ejpam-4971.pdf plain text: ejpam-4971.txt item: #951 of 2048 id: ejpam-4972 author: Ahmed Alharbi, Ahlam; Kilicman, Adem title: Generalized Different Types of Mappings in Fuzzy Bitopological Spaces date: 2023 words: 8972 flesch: 88 summary: = h. One may notice that M c is fuzzy σ2 − closed of Y and t−1(M c) is fuzzy (1, 2) Suppose t : (X, δ1, δ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is fuzzy δj − ψ − conts. keywords: fuzzy; j)−; mapping; − cld; − conts cache: ejpam-4972.pdf plain text: ejpam-4972.txt item: #952 of 2048 id: ejpam-4973 author: BA, Alhousseynou; Diompy, Mankagna A.; Diabang, Andre S. title: Direct Summand of Serial Modules date: 2024 words: 1931 flesch: 76 summary: Hence for every endomorphism g : R −→ R there exists always a endomorphism g : R −→ R such that g ◦ Theorem 1: Let M1, ...,Mn be uniserial local modules. keywords: module; serial cache: ejpam-4973.pdf plain text: ejpam-4973.txt item: #953 of 2048 id: ejpam-4974 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Thongmoon, Montri title: Properties of Weakly $\beta(\Lambda,p)$-open Functions and Weakly $\beta(\Lambda,p)$-closed Functions date: 2024 words: 3211 flesch: 88 summary: Moreover, Caldas and Navalagi [8] introduced and investigated the concepts of weakly semi-open functions and weakly semi-closed functions as a new generalization of weakly open functions and weakly closed functions, respectively. The concept of weakly open functions was first introduced by Rose keywords: p)-open cache: ejpam-4974.pdf plain text: ejpam-4974.txt item: #954 of 2048 id: ejpam-4975 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: Almost strong $\theta(\Lambda,p)$-continuity for Functions date: 2024 words: 4102 flesch: 87 summary: Introduction The notion of θ-continuous functions was introduced by Fomin [10]. [20] studied some properties of θ-continuous functions. keywords: p)-open cache: ejpam-4975.pdf plain text: ejpam-4975.txt item: #955 of 2048 id: ejpam-4976 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Klanarong, Chalongchai title: On Weakly $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2024 words: 3729 flesch: 86 summary: [10] introduced the concept of weakly continuous functions. Furthermore, several characterizations of weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions are discussed. keywords: cl(v; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-4976.pdf plain text: ejpam-4976.txt item: #956 of 2048 id: ejpam-4978 author: Bilar, Vergel; Bonsocan, Maria Andrea; Hassan, Javier; Dagondon, Susan title: Vertex Cover Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2024 words: 4833 flesch: 83 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Vertex cover, vertex cover hop dominating set, vertex cover hop domination number 1. (i) Let C be a minimum vertex cover hop dominating set of G. keywords: cover; dominating; set; vertex cache: ejpam-4978.pdf plain text: ejpam-4978.txt item: #957 of 2048 id: ejpam-4983 author: Jitman, Somphong ; Modjam, Pornrudee title: Determinants of Arrowhead Matrices over Finite Commutative Chain Rings date: 2024 words: 6091 flesch: 81 summary: Arrowhead matrices have attracted attention due to their rich algebraic structures and numerous applications. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11C20, 15B33 Key Words and Phrases: Arrowhead matrices, Determinants, Finite fields, Finite commutative chain rings, Enumeration 1. keywords: arrowhead; matrices; |an(r cache: ejpam-4983.pdf plain text: ejpam-4983.txt item: #958 of 2048 id: ejpam-4986 author: Geum, Young Hee title: Study on the Dynamical Analysis of a Family of Optimal Third Order Multiple-zero Finder date: 2023 words: 4225 flesch: 80 summary: = (z − A)m(z − B)m, regardless of t-values. Math, 16 (4) (2023), 2775-2785 2780 Table 1: Color palette for a q-periodic orbit with q ∈ N ∪ {0} q Cq q = 1 C1 =  magenta, for fixed point ∞ cyan, for fixed point 0 yellow, for fixed point 1 red, for other strange fixed point , 2 ≤ q ≤ 68 C2 = orange, C3 = light green, C4 = dark red, C5 = dark blue, C6 = dark green, C7 = dark yellow, C8 = floral white, C9 = light pink, C10 = khaki, C11 = dark orange, C12 = turquoise, C13 = lavender, C14 = thistle, C15 = plum, C16 = orchid, C17 = medium orchid, C18 = blue violet, C19 = dark orchid, C20 = purple, C21 = power blue, C22 = sky blue, C23 = deep sky blue, C24 = dodger blue, C25 = royal blue, C26 = medium spring green, C27 = spring green, C28 = medium sea green, C29 = sea green, C30 = forest green, C31 = olive drab, C32 = bisque, C33 = moccasin, C34 = light salmon, C35 = salmon, C36 = light coral, C37 = Indian red, C38 = brown, C39 = fire brick, C40 = peach puff, C41 = wheat, C42 = sandy brown, C43 = tomato, C44 = orange red, C45 = chocolate, C46 = pink, C47 = pale violet red, C48 = deep pink, C49 = violet red, C50 = gainsboro, C51 = light gray, C52 = dark gray, C53 = gray, C54 = charteruse, C55 = electric indigo, C56 = electric lime, C57 = lime, C58 = silver, C59 = teal, C60 = pale turquoise, C61 = sandy brown, C62 = honeydew, C63 = misty rose, C64 = lemon chiffon, C65 = lavender blush, C66 = gold, C67 = crimson, C68 = tan. keywords: appl; order cache: ejpam-4986.pdf plain text: ejpam-4986.txt item: #959 of 2048 id: ejpam-4987 author: Kiemtore , Adama; Sawadogo, Wenddabo Olivier; Aquel, Fatima; Alaa, Hamza; Somda, Kounpielime Sosthène title: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Hepatitis B Viral Infection: The Case of Burkina Faso date: 2024 words: 10007 flesch: 69 summary: Where F1(s1, s2, s3, ei, ec, i, c, r) = λ− iλi − cλc − (µ+ p1)s1 − b1,1eis1 − b1,2ecs1 − b1,3is1 − b1,4cs1 F2(s1, s2, s3, ei, ec, i, c, r) = p1s1 − (µ+ p2)s2 − b2,1eis2 − b2,2ecs2 − b2,3is2 − b2,4cs2 F3(s1, s2, s3, ei, ec, i, c, r) = p2s2 − µs3 − b3,1eis3 − b3,2ecs3 − b3,3is3 − b3,4cs3 F4(s1, s2, s3, ei, ec, i, c, r) = α1s1(b1,1ei + b1,2ec + b1,3i+ b1,4c) + α2s2(b2,1ei + b2,2ec + b2,3i+ b2,4c)+ + α3s3(b3,1ei + b3,2ec + b3,3i+ b3,4c) As at the endemic equilibrium point dN dt = 0, then one obtains Λ = µII ∗ + µCC ∗ + µN∗ (30) From (28), (29), (30), and by assuming that N −N∗ ≥ 0, I − I∗ ≥ 0, C − C∗ ≥ 0, one has dV dt = ( 1− N∗ N ) (µII ∗ + µCC ∗ + µN∗ − µII − µCC − µN) dV dt = − ( N −N∗ N ) keywords: burkina; faso; global; hbv; hepatitis; individuals; infected; model cache: ejpam-4987.pdf plain text: ejpam-4987.txt item: #960 of 2048 id: ejpam-4989 author: Taher, Hunar; Dash, Saroj Kumar title: Common Terms of k-Pell and Tribonacci Numbers date: 2024 words: 3793 flesch: 84 summary: = − log(1− 0.1) 0.1 · 7.6 ϕk/2 < 8.1 ϕk/2 . If (m,n, k) is a positive integers solution of equation (22) with k ≥ 2 and n ≥ k + 2, then the inequalities 0.63m < n < 7.6 · 1016k5(log(k))3 hold. keywords: lemma cache: ejpam-4989.pdf plain text: ejpam-4989.txt item: #961 of 2048 id: ejpam-4992 author: Sidaty, Mohamed Ahmed title: Köthe Dual of Some Vector-valued Sequence Spaces date: 2024 words: 3464 flesch: 84 summary: = B(α, t) = ⟨a, αt⟩, for α = (αn)n ∈ λ and t ∈ E, where B ∈ I(λ × E) is the integral bilinear form on λ× E corresponding to fa. Math, 17 (1) (2024), 171-179 174 Let a ∈ E′, M ∈ M with a ∈ M and x = (xn)n ∈ B. Then,∣∣∣∣∣ 〈 a, ∞∑ n=1 αnxn 〉∣∣∣∣∣ = ∣∣∣∣∣ ∞∑ n=1 αna(xn) ∣∣∣∣∣ ≤ ∞∑ n=1 |αna(xn)| ≤ εM (x). keywords: spaces; λ(e cache: ejpam-4992.pdf plain text: ejpam-4992.txt item: #962 of 2048 id: ejpam-5003 author: Cabardo, Lyster Rey; Petalcorin Jr., Gaudencio title: Looking at Two Ways of Constructing Quotient Hyper $BN$-algebras and Some Notes on Hyper $BN$-ideals date: 2024 words: 10514 flesch: 85 summary: Assume x, y ∈ H such that x⊛ y ≪ ⋂ i∈I Ai and y ∈ ⋂ i∈I Ai. Let x, y ∈ H and suppose that (x⊛ y)∩ {0} ≠ ∅ and y ∈ {0}. keywords: -algebra; hyper; hyper bn cache: ejpam-5003.pdf plain text: ejpam-5003.txt item: #963 of 2048 id: ejpam-5004 author: AlRawashdeh, Waleed title: Fekete-Szegö Functional of a Subclass of Bi-Univalent Functions Associated with Gegenbauer Polynomials date: 2024 words: 3577 flesch: 75 summary: Univalent functions. Univalent functions. keywords: class; functions; polynomials cache: ejpam-5004.pdf plain text: ejpam-5004.txt item: #964 of 2048 id: ejpam-5005 author: Saadeh, Rania; Alshawabkeh, Al-anoud; Khalil, Raed; A. Abdoon, Mohamed; Taha , Nidal; Khalid Almutairi, Dalal title: The Mohanad Transforms and Their Applications for Solving Systems of Differential Equations date: 2024 words: 7515 flesch: 68 summary: − λ1M {C1(t)}+ λ2M {C2(t)} = 0, M {C ′ 3(t)} − λ2M {C2(t)} = 0.  (44) Operating M.T. to (44) and using the initial conditions (42) ζM {C1(t)} λ2M {C2(t)} − λ1M {C1(t)} = 0, ζM {C3(t)} − ζ2C3(0)− λ2M {C2(t)} = 0.  (45) Simplifying the system (45), we obtain (ζ + λ1)M {C1(t)} = ζ2α, (ζ + λ2)M {C2(t)} keywords: chemical; differential; equations; m.t; sec−1; time; transform cache: ejpam-5005.pdf plain text: ejpam-5005.txt item: #965 of 2048 id: ejpam-5008 author: Alshayea, Maryam title: Multi-polar Q-hesitant Fuzzy Soft Implicative and Positive Implicative Ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras. date: 2024 words: 4909 flesch: 63 summary: We draw inspiration from the extensive body of work on hesitant fuzzy sets [13, 18], Q-fuzzy soft sets [7], and multi-polar fuzzy sets [5]. For a subset A of P, a multi-polar Q- hesitant fuzzy soft set (S,A) is called multi-polar Q-hesitant fuzzy soft positive implicative ideal over B if the multi-polar Q-hesitant fuzzy set S[e] = {(α, q), µS[e] i(α, q)|α ∈ B, q ∈ Q} on B is a multi-polar Q-hesitant fuzzy soft positive implicative ideal of B. Example 2. keywords: bck; hesitant; ideal cache: ejpam-5008.pdf plain text: ejpam-5008.txt item: #966 of 2048 id: ejpam-5009 author: Zhang, Feng; Zhang, Chunwen title: Matrix Mixed Inequalities date: 2024 words: 1252 flesch: 79 summary: We now focus on the location of the eigenvalues of complex matrices. For complex matrix with order n(n > 2), then the computation of Theorem 2.4 requires approximately n3 2 additional calculations compared to the computation of inequality(3). keywords: min cache: ejpam-5009.pdf plain text: ejpam-5009.txt item: #967 of 2048 id: ejpam-5010 author: Geum, Young Hee title: On a Parameter-controlled Method for Multiple Zeros date: 2024 words: 2470 flesch: 84 summary: Table 1: Color palette for a n-periodic orbit with n ∈ N ∪ {0} n Cn n = 1 C1 =  magenta, for fixed point ∞ cyan, for fixed point 0 yellow, for fixed point 1 red, for other strange fixed point , 2 ≤ n ≤ 68 C2 = orange, C3 = light green, C4 = dark red, C5 = dark blue, C6 = dark green, C7 = dark yellow, C8 = floral white, C9 = light pink, C10 = khaki, C11 = dark orange, C12 = turquoise, C13 = lavender, C14 = thistle, C15 = plum, C16 = orchid, C17 = medium orchid, C18 = blue violet, C19 = dark orchid, C20 = purple, C21 = power blue, C22 = sky blue, C23 = deep sky blue, C24 = dodger blue, C25 = royal blue, C26 = medium spring green, C27 = spring green, C28 = medium sea green, C29 = sea green, C30 = forest green, C31 = olive drab, C32 = bisque, C33 = moccasin, C34 = light salmon, C35 = salmon, C36 = light coral, C37 = Indian red, C38 = brown, C39 = fire brick, C40 = peach puff, C41 = wheat, C42 = sandy brown, C43 = tomato, C44 = orange red, C45 = chocolate, C46 = pink, C47 = pale violet red, C48 = deep pink, C49 = violet red, C50 = gainsboro, C51 = light gray, C52 = dark gray, C53 = gray, C54 = charteruse, C55 = electric indigo, C56 = electric lime, C57 The points z = ∞ and z = 0 are critical points associated with (z − A)(z − B). keywords: math; |ℑ(t)| cache: ejpam-5010.pdf plain text: ejpam-5010.txt item: #968 of 2048 id: ejpam-5013 author: Abuteen, Eman title: Solving Fractional Riccati Differential Equation with Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Derivative date: 2024 words: 3204 flesch: 58 summary: Fractional differential equations: an introduction to fractional deriva- tives, fractional differential equations, to methods of their solution and some of their applications. [2] Kilbas Anatolĭı Aleksandrovich, Srivastava Hari M, and Trujillo Juan J. Theory and applications of fractional differential equations, volume 204. keywords: caputo; differential; equation; fabrizio; fractional; riccati; solution cache: ejpam-5013.pdf plain text: ejpam-5013.txt item: #969 of 2048 id: ejpam-5015 author: Nawajah, Inad; Kanj, Hassan; Kotb, Yehia; Hoxha, Julian; Alakkoumi, Mouhammad ; Jebreen, Kamel title: Bayesian Regression Analysis using Median Rank Set Sampling date: 2024 words: 7822 flesch: 63 summary: Math, 17 (1) (2024), 180-200 197 Table 3: The efficiency of Bayesian regression parameters using MRSS concerning MRSS with different m. efficiency (θ̂1, θ̂2)= MSE(θ̂1)/MSE(θ̂2) efficiency (β̂0, ˆβ0M ) efficiency (β̂1, ˆβ1M ) efficiency (σ̂2, σ̂2 M ) m=3 1.29 1.76 1.01 m=5 1.78 2.88 1.98 m=7 2.21 3.07 2.34 7. In order to develop effective estimators of regression model parameters, the Bayesian regression estimators were examined in this study utilizing a median ranked set sample. keywords: bayesian; linear; model; mrss; parameters; regression; sampling; set cache: ejpam-5015.pdf plain text: ejpam-5015.txt item: #970 of 2048 id: ejpam-5016 author: Hamonangan, Yoshua; Muchtadi-Alamsyah, Intan title: Binomials Arising from Buchberger Algorithm on Polyomino Ideals date: 2024 words: 11096 flesch: 82 summary: Case p = c and e

0 and for some ζ ∈ R, |a3 − ζa22| ≤ { bx 2B , if ζ ∈ [ζ1, ζ2] |2(pbx2+qa)BA2(γ+1)2−b2x2(K(γ+1)2+4ζB)| 4BA2(γ+1)2 , if ζ /∈ Solving for ζ we get: (γ + 1)2(2A2(pbx2 − bx+ qa)− b2x2K) 4Bb2x2 ≤ ζ ≤ (γ + 1)2(2A2(pbx2 + bx+ qa)− b2x2K) 4Bb2x2 Hence, inequality (17) becomes |a3 − ζa22| ≤  bx 2B , if ζ ∈ [ζ1, ζ2]∣∣∣∣pbx2+qa 2B − b2x2K 4BA2 − ζ ( bx A(γ+1) )2 ∣∣∣∣ , if ζ /∈ keywords: class; functions; polynomials cache: ejpam-5022.pdf plain text: ejpam-5022.txt item: #976 of 2048 id: ejpam-5024 author: Alharbi, Faizah; Althubiti, Sharifah title: Numerical Simulation of Initial Value Problem of Integro-differential Equation Models date: 2024 words: 3450 flesch: 69 summary: System of Fredholm integral equations SFIEs The quadratic method has wide application in mathematical and physics problems, where the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of integral equations are often studied and dis- cussed. A course on integral equations. keywords: equation; method; solution cache: ejpam-5024.pdf plain text: ejpam-5024.txt item: #977 of 2048 id: ejpam-5027 author: Ahmed Alharbi, Ahlam; Kilicman, Adem title: On Generalized Compactness in Fuzzy Bitopological Spaces date: 2024 words: 5248 flesch: 80 summary: Some scholars have presented many important papers on the development types of fuzzy sets; for example, Singal and Prakash presented a study of a fuzzy pre-open set [20]. It is clear from Definition 10 and the relations between types of fuzzy sets where Remark 2. keywords: fuzzy; j)−; sets cache: ejpam-5027.pdf plain text: ejpam-5027.txt item: #978 of 2048 id: ejpam-5029 author: Geum, Young Hee title: On a Sixth-order Solver for Multiple Roots of Nonlinear Equations date: 2024 words: 3403 flesch: 84 summary: Table 1: Color palette for a n-periodic orbit with n ∈ N ∪ {0} n Cn n = 1 C1 =  magenta, for fixed point ∞ cyan, for fixed point 0 yellow, for fixed point 1 red, for other strange fixed point , 2 ≤ n ≤ 68 C2 = orange, C3 = light green, C4 = dark red, C5 = dark blue, C6 = dark green, C7 = dark yellow, C8 = floral white, C9 = light pink, C10 = khaki, C11 = dark orange, C12 = turquoise, C13 = lavender, C14 = thistle, C15 = plum, C16 = orchid, C17 = medium orchid, C18 = blue violet, C19 = dark orchid, C20 = purple, C21 = power blue, C22 = sky blue, C23 = deep sky blue, C24 = dodger blue, C25 = royal blue, C26 = medium spring green, C27 = spring green, C28 = medium sea green, C29 = sea green, C30 = forest green, C31 = olive drab, C32 = bisque, C33 = moccasin, C34 = light salmon, C35 = salmon, C36 = light coral, C37 = Indian red, C38 = brown, C39 = fire brick, C40 = peach puff, C41 = wheat, C42 = sandy brown, C43 = tomato, C44 = orange red, C45 = chocolate, C46 = pink, C47 = pale violet red, C48 = deep pink, C49 = violet red, C50 = gainsboro, C51 = light gray, C52 = dark gray, C53 = gray, C54 = charteruse, C55 = electric indigo, C56 = electric lime, C57 A zero α of h(x) = 0 is called a multiple root keywords: math; parameter cache: ejpam-5029.pdf plain text: ejpam-5029.txt item: #979 of 2048 id: ejpam-5030 author: Elnair, Mohamed title: More Results on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Ideals of BE-algebras date: 2024 words: 2890 flesch: 78 summary: We investigate the fundamental concepts and prop- erties of intuitionistic fuzzy ideals and provide characterizations of an intuitionistic fuzzy ideal in BE-algebras. Our study focuses on examining the fundamental concepts and properties of these ideals and provides characterizations of intuitionistic fuzzy ideals in BE-algebras. keywords: algebras; fuzzy; ∗m1; ∗m2 cache: ejpam-5030.pdf plain text: ejpam-5030.txt item: #980 of 2048 id: ejpam-5032 author: Lakshminarayana, Kilaru J. ; Prasad, V.B.V.N. ; Ravi, Srinivasa Rao ; Ramakrishna, A.V. title: On the Prime Radical of Nearrings which is Kurosh-Amitsur date: 2024 words: 3345 flesch: 93 summary: Then H is a prime N -group of type 1 if: (i) every non-zero N -subgroup of H has a non-zero distributive element; (ii) hNx = {0}, 0 ̸= h ∈ H,x ∈ N implies Hx = {0}. For this, define (h0k)x := h0(kx) for all h0k ∈ K,x ∈ N , where k ∈ K. To show that this operation is well defined, suppose that h0y = h0z, y, z ∈ K. Let x ∈ N . keywords: prime; type cache: ejpam-5032.pdf plain text: ejpam-5032.txt item: #981 of 2048 id: ejpam-5036 author: Romdhini, Mamika Ujianita; Nawawi, Athirah ; Al-Sharqi, Faisal ; Al-Quran, Ashraf title: Spectral Properties of Power Graph of Dihedral Groups date: 2024 words: 3944 flesch: 91 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C25, 05C50, 15A18, 20D99 Key Words and Phrases: Characteristic polynomial, Power graph, Dihedral Groups 1. The characteristic polynomial of NA(ΓD2n) is PNA(ΓD2n )(λ) = ∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣ λ − 1√ (2n−1)(n−1) J1×(n−1) keywords: 2n−1; 2n−1)(n−1 cache: ejpam-5036.pdf plain text: ejpam-5036.txt item: #982 of 2048 id: ejpam-5038 author: Shalini, V.; Rajasingh, Indra title: Inverse Domination in X-Trees and Sibling Trees date: 2024 words: 5066 flesch: 74 summary: In either case, the number of dominated vertices is 7. A result on inverse domination number of some classes of Hypertrees is also included. keywords: domination; inverse; set; vertices cache: ejpam-5038.pdf plain text: ejpam-5038.txt item: #983 of 2048 id: ejpam-5042 author: Ajjarapu, Suryavardhani ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Shukla, Rahul; Jun, Young Bae title: Parapseudo-complementation on Paradistributive Latticoids date: 2024 words: 9014 flesch: 88 summary: Hence ρ♦ ∨ ϱ♦ ∈ V ♦ and we have ρ♦ ∨ ϱ♦ = ϱ♦ ∨ ρ♦. Let τ♦ ∈ V ♦ and τ♦ ≤ ρ♦ , τ♦ ≤ ϱ♦. keywords: ρ ♦; ϱ ♦; ♦ =; ♦ ∨; ♦ ♦ cache: ejpam-5042.pdf plain text: ejpam-5042.txt item: #984 of 2048 id: ejpam-5043 author: Boulehmi, Kaouther title: A Novel Numerical Scheme for Fractional Bernoulli Equations and the Rössler Model: A Comparative Analysis using Atangana-Baleanu Caputo Fractional Derivative date: 2024 words: 5959 flesch: 57 summary: [2], which highlighted the ef- ficacy of fractional methods in solving multi-dimensional equations, influenza modeling, and integrating master theorems, respectively. They have facilitated significant strides in Controlling robotic manipulators with fractional-order modeling [9], offering innovative schemes in order to solve fractional differential equations and chaotic systems [39]. keywords: abc; equation; fractional; numerical; order; scheme; solutions; systems cache: ejpam-5043.pdf plain text: ejpam-5043.txt item: #985 of 2048 id: ejpam-5044 author: Kaida, Sharmia H. ; Maharajul, Kaimar Jay S. ; Hassan, Javier; Laja, Ladznar S. ; Lintasan, Abdurajan B. ; Pablo, Aljon A. title: Certified Hop Independence: Properties and Connections with other Variants of Independence date: 2024 words: 3231 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Hop independence, certified independent set, certified hop indepen- dence number 1. We characterize certified hop independent sets in some graphs and we use these results to obtain the exact values or bounds of the parameter. keywords: graph; hop; set cache: ejpam-5044.pdf plain text: ejpam-5044.txt item: #986 of 2048 id: ejpam-5046 author: Hassan, Javier; Udtohan, Lestlene T. ; Laja, Ladznar S. title: 2-distance Zero Forcing Sets in Graphs date: 2024 words: 3753 flesch: 85 summary: We show that 2-distance zero forcing and hop domination(respectively, zero forcing parameter) are incomparable. Some properties of zero forcing hop dominating sets in a graph. keywords: distance; forcing; set cache: ejpam-5046.pdf plain text: ejpam-5046.txt item: #987 of 2048 id: ejpam-5048 author: Jun, Young Bae ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Shukla, Rahul title: On Quasi Generalized Exchange Algebras date: 2024 words: 5602 flesch: 87 summary: Using (GE2), we have 1 ∗ (κ ∗ δ) = κ ∗ δ ∈ F , and so δ = 1 ∗ δ ∈ F by (GE2) and (27). If we take ς := 1 in (25) and use (GE2), then 1 ∗ (δ ∗ κ) = δ ∗ κ ∈ F and 1 ∗ δ = δ ∈ F . keywords: qge cache: ejpam-5048.pdf plain text: ejpam-5048.txt item: #988 of 2048 id: ejpam-5049 author: Saad, Khaled ; Khirallah, Mustafa title: A Spectral Collocation Method for Solving Caputo-Liouville Fractional Order Fredholm Integro-differential Equations date: 2024 words: 6503 flesch: 69 summary: Fractional differential equations : an introduction to fractional deriva- tives, fractional differential equations, to methods of their solution and some of their applications. In Eq. (6), the approximate solution of the main problem is given in terms of shifted Chebyshev polynomials polynomials. keywords: fractional; j=0; k=1; m∑ j=0; simpson cache: ejpam-5049.pdf plain text: ejpam-5049.txt item: #989 of 2048 id: ejpam-5050 author: Al-Mazmumy, Mariam ; Alsulami, Mona title: Utilization of the Modified Adomian Decomposition Method on the Bagley-Torvik Equation Amidst Dirichlet Boundary Conditions date: 2024 words: 7842 flesch: 74 summary: Fractional differential equations: an introduction to fractional deriva- tives, fractional differential equations, to methods of their solution and some of their applications. Notably, various real-life models are discovered to be perfectly captured through the application of fractional differential equations (FDEs). keywords: anx; fractional; l−1 cache: ejpam-5050.pdf plain text: ejpam-5050.txt item: #990 of 2048 id: ejpam-5051 author: Bongcawel, Rizalyn; Cabardo, Lyster Rey; Petalcorin Jr, Gaudencio; Vilela, Jocelyn title: On the Construction of a Groupoid from an Ample Hausdorff Groupoid with Twisted Steinberg Algebra not Isomorphic to its Non-twisted Steinberg Algebra date: 2024 words: 11675 flesch: 95 summary: × T = {(χ, z, γ) : χ ∈ Âr(γ), z ∈ T, and γ ∈ G}. (3) The image of i is central in Σ, in the sense that i(r(ϵ), z)ϵ = ϵi(s(ϵ), z) for all ϵ ∈ Σ and z ∈ T . keywords: â⋊r; groupoid; open cache: ejpam-5051.pdf plain text: ejpam-5051.txt item: #991 of 2048 id: ejpam-5055 author: Yokeswari, G. ; Jayasimman, I. Paulraj ; Lyons, M. E. G. ; Abukhaled, Marwan; Rajendran, L. title: Nonlinear Reaction-Diffusion and Mediated Electron Transfer Process at Conducting Polymer Modified Ultramicroelectrodes date: 2024 words: 8746 flesch: 69 summary: Figure 3: Normalized substrate concentration u at a polymer microelectrode. [41] employed analytical and numerical solutions of nonlinear diffusion equations to investigate the chronoamperometric limiting current generated by an electrochemical reaction in rotating disc electrodes. keywords: concentration; reaction cache: ejpam-5055.pdf plain text: ejpam-5055.txt item: #992 of 2048 id: ejpam-5057 author: Manickam, Machasri; Desikan, Kalyani title: Eigenvalue Interlacing of Bipartite Graphs and Construction of Expander Code using Vertex-split of a Bipartite Graph date: 2024 words: 6437 flesch: 80 summary: In coding theory, Expander codes are Error Correcting codes made up of bipartite expander graphs. The error-correcting codes known as expander codes are constructed from bipartite expander graphs. keywords: bipartite; graph; matrix; vertex cache: ejpam-5057.pdf plain text: ejpam-5057.txt item: #993 of 2048 id: ejpam-5061 author: Hassan, Javier; Langamin, Mercedita A. ; Laja, Amy A. ; Amiruddin-Rajik, Bayah J. ; Ahmad, Eman C. ; Manditong, Jahiri U. title: Legal Hop Independent Sequences in Graphs date: 2024 words: 4302 flesch: 80 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: legal sequence, hop independent set, legal hop independent sequence, legal hop independence number 1. In this paper, new variant of hop independence called legal hop independent sequences in a graph is introduced and investigated. keywords: graph; hop; sequence; set cache: ejpam-5061.pdf plain text: ejpam-5061.txt item: #994 of 2048 id: ejpam-5062 author: Makolli, Shkumbin; Krsteska, Biljana title: Fuzzy SSPO-separation Axioms and Fuzzy  α-SSPO Compactness date: 2024 words: 12408 flesch: 81 summary: Similarly, we will define the concept of α-SSPO shading and α∗-SSPO shading that are collections of fuzzy sets that constitute only from fuzzy strong semi pre-open sets. Preliminaries The concept of fuzzy set was initially formulated by Zadeh in [33]. keywords: compact; fuzzy; pre; set; sets; space; sspo cache: ejpam-5062.pdf plain text: ejpam-5062.txt item: #995 of 2048 id: ejpam-5064 author: Babajanov, Bazar; Abdikarimov, Fakhriddin; Bazarbaeva, Sarbinaz title: Exact Solutions for the Modified Burgers Equation with Additional Time-dependent Variable Coefficient date: 2024 words: 3780 flesch: 63 summary: This method presents a wider applicability for handling nonlinear wave equations. Solitary wave solutions of nonlinear wave equations. keywords: burgers; equation; method; nonlinear; solutions; variable; wave cache: ejpam-5064.pdf plain text: ejpam-5064.txt item: #996 of 2048 id: ejpam-5065 author: Hassan, Javier; Gomorez, Anabel E. ; Laja, Ladznar S. ; Ahmad, Eman C. title: Formulas and Properties of 2-Hop Domination in Some Graphs date: 2024 words: 3685 flesch: 85 summary: Some properties of zero forcing hop dominating sets in a graph. Weakly convex hop dominating sets in graphs. keywords: dominating; hop cache: ejpam-5065.pdf plain text: ejpam-5065.txt item: #997 of 2048 id: ejpam-5066 author: Saad, Muhammad; Zailaee, Majed title: Extending Abelian Rings: A Generalized Approach date: 2024 words: 7735 flesch: 82 summary: On idempotent reflexive rings. An idempotent of a ring R is considered central if it is both left and right semicentral, and the set of central idempotents is denoted B(R) = Sl(R)∩Sr(R). keywords: abelian; central; idempotent; ring; ring r cache: ejpam-5066.pdf plain text: ejpam-5066.txt item: #998 of 2048 id: ejpam-5069 author: Tushar, Md. Tusharuzzaman; Rashedi, Khudhayr A. ; Alshammari, Tariq S. ; Rahman, Md. Mahabubur title: Second Order Transmuted Kumaraswamy Distribution and its Related Results date: 2024 words: 7037 flesch: 67 summary: Section 7 uses two actual applications from the real world to prove the dominant flexibility of CTKw distribution over comparable distributions. Now, by substituting the cdf of the Kumaraswamy distribution from equation (4) to the cdf of the second order transmutation map in equation (3 ), a continuous random variable X is said to have CTKw distribution if it has the following distributional form FCTKw (x; a, b, λ) = keywords: b −; ctkw; data; distribution; kumaraswamy; log; xai cache: ejpam-5069.pdf plain text: ejpam-5069.txt item: #999 of 2048 id: ejpam-5071 author: Sarfo, Kwasi Frempong; Obeng-Denteh, William; Takyi, Ishmael; Darkwah, Kwaku Forkuoh title: A Force Function Formula for Solutions of Nonlinear Weakly Singular Volterra Integral Equations date: 2024 words: 8207 flesch: 80 summary: An effective method for solving nonlinear integral equations involv- ing the riemann-liouville fractional operator. Daftardar-Jafari discovered the iterative method[12], popularly known as DJM, for solving general functional equations, including nonlinear Volterra integral equations, algebraic equations and systems of ordinary differential equations, nonlinear algebraic equations, and fractional differential equations. keywords: solution; tµ−1; γk1 cache: ejpam-5071.pdf plain text: ejpam-5071.txt item: #1000 of 2048 id: ejpam-5075 author: Fadhal, Emad title: Exploring Lung Cancer Protein Network: Understanding Structure and Function through Metric Space Modeling date: 2024 words: 6249 flesch: 51 summary: Zone Number of proteins Growth Total 1 1 1(0.95%) 2 105 3(2.43%) 3 123 3(2.70%) 7 4 111 0(0%) 5 28 0(0%) Table 5 shows the distribution of cell cycle proteins in the BCPIN zone. Table 5: Distribution of cell cycle proteins in zones of BCPIN. keywords: analysis; cancer; cell; cycle; distribution; drug; graph; lcpin; lung; network; nodes; pathways; potential; progression; proteins; regulation; table; targets; zones cache: ejpam-5075.pdf plain text: ejpam-5075.txt item: #1001 of 2048 id: ejpam-5078 author: Ali, Nawaf; Khalifa, Tarek; Iqbal, Hifza; Aftab, Muhammad Haroon; Jebreen, Kamel; Jamil, Humira; Kanj, Hassan title: Graphical Invariants for some Transformed Networks date: 2024 words: 6323 flesch: 79 summary: Babujee et al. worked on topological indices and new graph structures [4]. There are thousands of topological indices developed over the decades in the field of chem- ical graph theory. keywords: + dψ; dθ +; index; indices cache: ejpam-5078.pdf plain text: ejpam-5078.txt item: #1002 of 2048 id: ejpam-5080 author: AL-Mazmumy, Mariam ; Bakodah, Huda ; Alsulami, Aishah; Alzaid, Nawal title: Adomian Modification Methods via Orthogonal Polynomials: A Comparative Study date: 2024 words: 5551 flesch: 70 summary: Adomian modification methods via orthogonal polynomials The present section gives some important modifications of the standard ADM that are based on the application of orthogonal polynomials. Therefore, in what follows, we have obtained series of Adomian modification methods via orthogonal polynomials. keywords: g(x; modification; n=0; polynomials cache: ejpam-5080.pdf plain text: ejpam-5080.txt item: #1003 of 2048 id: ejpam-5084 author: Hassan, Javier; Bakar, Nuruddina M. ; Dagsaan, Norwajir S. ; Langamin, Mercedita A. ; Mohammad, Nurijam Hanna M. ; Kamdon, Sisteta U. title: J-Open Independent Sets in Graphs date: 2024 words: 3055 flesch: 83 summary: Then O1 and O2 are maximum J-open inde- pendent and maximum hop independent sets of K2 + P5, respectively. The structure and maximum number of maximum independent sets in trees. keywords: graph; set cache: ejpam-5084.pdf plain text: ejpam-5084.txt item: #1004 of 2048 id: ejpam-5085 author: Laaraj, Mounir; Abdelalim, Seddik title: On the Self-injectivity and CM-free of an Artin Algebra with Radical Cubic Zero date: 2024 words: 3100 flesch: 70 summary: An important invariant in our subject is the radical square of the projective cover of the first syzygy of each simple A-module and each Gorenstein-projective A-module that we consider here to be 0, so by a formula characterizing the calculation of the radical of syzygy of an indecomposable A-module of Lowey length 2, that is to say from the square radical 0, we will extend this calculation to a Gorenstein-projective A-module and by char- acterization of the latter, we construct a family (Si)i∈J of simple A-modules non-projective and Gorenstein-projective and the family (Pi)i∈J of projective modules such that each Pi is associated to Si. An A-module M in mod(A) is said Gorenstein-projective provided that there is a totally acyclic complex (P⋆) of projective modules such that its 0-th cocycle Z0(P⋆) is isomorphic to M . keywords: algebra; gorenstein; module; projective cache: ejpam-5085.pdf plain text: ejpam-5085.txt item: #1005 of 2048 id: ejpam-5087 author: Albugami, Abeer title: Adomian Decomposition Method and Block by Block Method for Solving Nonlinear Functional Volterra Integral Equation in Two-dimensions date: 2024 words: 3057 flesch: 78 summary: Consider the NT-DFVIE. µu(x, y) = g(x, y) + f(x, y, ∫ x 0 ∫ y 0 p(x, y, t, s)θ(t, s, u(t, s))dtds) (1) The functionsg(x,y),f(x,y,v(x,y))and θ(x,y,u(x,y))are given analytical functions defined, respec- tively, andp(x,y,t,s) is the kernel of (1), p(x,y,t,s)≥0, and u (x, y)is the solution to be deter- mined, while the constant parameter µdefines the kind of the (1). keywords: y 0 cache: ejpam-5087.pdf plain text: ejpam-5087.txt item: #1006 of 2048 id: ejpam-5090 author: Al-Masarwah, Anas ; Kaviyarasu, M.; Alnefaie, Kholood ; Rajeshwari, M. title: Fermatean Neutrosophic INK-algebras date: 2024 words: 5110 flesch: 74 summary: M. Kaviyarasu et al. / Eur. For more results on algebraic structures with uncertainty (see works M. Kaviyarasu et al. / Eur. keywords: max; m×n cache: ejpam-5090.pdf plain text: ejpam-5090.txt item: #1007 of 2048 id: ejpam-5094 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: Weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-open Functions and Weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-closed Functions date: 2024 words: 3931 flesch: 88 summary: This article is concerned with the concepts of weakly θb(Λ, p)-open functions and weakly θb(Λ, p)-closed functions. Moreover, some characterizations of weakly θb(Λ, p)-open func- tions and weakly θb(Λ, p)-closed functions are established. keywords: p)-open; θb(λ cache: ejpam-5094.pdf plain text: ejpam-5094.txt item: #1008 of 2048 id: ejpam-5095 author: M. Sibih, Alanod title: Note on Irreducible Polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_q[X]$ date: 2024 words: 1058 flesch: 76 summary: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 17, No. 2, 2024, 721-724 ISSN 1307-5543 – ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Note on irreducible polynomials over Fq[X] Alanod M. Sibih Department of Mathematics, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Holly Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia Abstract. This article focuses on irreducible polynomials with coefficients in Fq[X], where over Fq is a finite field. keywords: polynomials cache: ejpam-5095.pdf plain text: ejpam-5095.txt item: #1009 of 2048 id: ejpam-5098 author: Noorbhasha, Rafi ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Iampan, Aiyared title: $\sigma$-Prime Spectrum of Almost Distributive Lattices date: 2024 words: 11018 flesch: 94 summary: If B = R, then R is called a complemented ADL. Hence, (a)∗ ∨ (a)∗∗ = R. We denote SpecR and MaxR as the sets of all prime ideals and maximal ideals of R, respectively. keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-5098.pdf plain text: ejpam-5098.txt item: #1010 of 2048 id: ejpam-5102 author: Alharbi, Rawan; Alshareef, A. ; Bakodah, Huda; Alshaery, A. A. title: Computational Treatment for the Coupled System of Viscous Burger’s Equations through Non-central Formula in the Method of Lines date: 2024 words: 5589 flesch: 67 summary: − ηuux − γ(vu)x, vt = vxx − ηvvx − ξ(vu)x, c < x < [ −25V 2 0 + 48V 2 1 − 36V 2 2 + 16V 2 3 − 3V 2 4 ] − ξ 4!(∆x) (U1 [−25V0 + 48V1 − 36V2 + 16V3 − 3V4]− V1 keywords: equations; formula; method; numerical; point; solution cache: ejpam-5102.pdf plain text: ejpam-5102.txt item: #1011 of 2048 id: ejpam-5103 author: Saleh, Wedad; Lakhdari, Abdelghani; Meftah, Badereddine title: Strongly Geodesic Log-Preinvex Functions date: 2024 words: 3347 flesch: 75 summary: ∀µ1, µ2 ∈ ϑ. Form (7), we have ξ(µ2) ≥ ξ(µ1) exp { dµ1ξγµ1,µ2 ξ(µ1) + ε∥η(µ2, µ1)(ς)∥2 } ,∀µ1, µ2 ∈ ϑ. By interchanging the roles of µ1 and µ2 in the inequality above, we also obtain: ξ(µ1) ≥ ξ(µ2) keywords: geodesic; log; preinvex cache: ejpam-5103.pdf plain text: ejpam-5103.txt item: #1012 of 2048 id: ejpam-5107 author: Sumalpong, Felipe Jr Raypan; Lauron, Eric G. title: European Call Option under Stochastic Interest Rate in a Fractional Brownian Motion with Transaction Cost date: 2024 words: 3223 flesch: 80 summary: This paper deals on the valuation of European call option price in a stochastic environ- ment by employing three factors which are the stochastic model of the asset value, the stochastic interest rate and the transaction cost. If the number of assets traded during the time interval [t, dt] is v, then E[|v|] = √ 2 π (dt)H (( ∂2V ∂X2 )2 σ2XX 2(t) + ( ∂2V ∂r∂X )2 σ2r + 2ρσXσrX(t) ∂2V ∂X2 ∂2V ∂r∂X ) 1 2 where V (t) is the option price, X(t) is the market price of the asset at time t, r(t) is the interest rate that follows the fractional Hull-White model with Hurst parameter H, σX is the volatility of the asset price, σr is the volatility of the interest rate and ρ is the correlation coefficient between the interest rate and the asset price. keywords: interest; price; rate; ∂2v cache: ejpam-5107.pdf plain text: ejpam-5107.txt item: #1013 of 2048 id: ejpam-5113 author: Al-Rawashdeh, Waleed title: Volterra-Composition Operators Acting on $S^{p}$ Spaces and Weighted Zygmund Spaces date: 2024 words: 3727 flesch: 85 summary: In this paper, we characterize the boundedness and compactness of the Volterra-type composition operators that act between Sp spaces and weighted Zygmund spaces. Boundedness and Compactness of Iφg In this section, we characterize the boundedness and compactness of the operator Iφg acting between Sp spaces and weighted Zygmund spaces Zµ. keywords: spaces cache: ejpam-5113.pdf plain text: ejpam-5113.txt item: #1014 of 2048 id: ejpam-5114 author: Owusu Bempah , Kwame ; Baah Gyamfi, Kwasi; Boateng, Francis Ohene; Owusu-Mensah, Isaac title: A Modified AES-512 Bits Algorithm for Data Encryption date: 2024 words: 5708 flesch: 65 summary: This paper therefore focuses on developing a new AES-512 bits symmetric encryption algorithm through modification of the conventional AES-128 algorithm to be used purposefully in the classroom for document transfer. Further, in [1], a 4D teserract symmetric block was redesigned to be of good territory for the manufacture of encryption keys, and four rounds and other sub rounds are engaged to shift the teserract to be able to randomly produce some of the encryption keys. keywords: algorithm; encryption cache: ejpam-5114.pdf plain text: ejpam-5114.txt item: #1015 of 2048 id: ejpam-5118 author: Snanou, Noureddine title: On the Isomorphism Problem for Central Extensions II date: 2024 words: 5480 flesch: 85 summary: So, putting G1 = G2 = Zp, σ = idG1 and ρ = idG2 in the preceding proposition, the groups Zp × ε Zp and Zp × mεε0 Zp are upper isomorphic. (1) for all x ∈ G1, and y ∈ G2. Lemma 3.2. keywords: group cache: ejpam-5118.pdf plain text: ejpam-5118.txt item: #1016 of 2048 id: ejpam-5120 author: Alsowait, Nawaf; Heliel, Abdelrahman A.; Al-Shomrani, Mohammed; A. S. Allehyani, Areej title: Finite Groups with Certain Weakly S-permutable Subgroups date: 2024 words: 5104 flesch: 85 summary: A subgroup H of G is said to be weakly S-permutable in G if G has a subnormal subgroup T such that G = HT and T ∩H ≤ HsG, where HsG is the subgroup of H generated by all those subgroups of H which are S-permutable in G. (11) There exists a proper normal subgroup M of G such that |G/M | = p, G = LT , L ∩ T = (L)sG, where T is a subnormal subgroup of G and T ≤ M < G. By (10), L is not S-permutable in G. Then by the hypothesis, L is weakly S-permutable in G. keywords: nilpotent; subgroup cache: ejpam-5120.pdf plain text: ejpam-5120.txt item: #1017 of 2048 id: ejpam-5121 author: EL Gumaa, Fathelrhman ; A. Abdoon, Mohamed ; Qazza, Ahmad ; Saadeh, Rania; Ali Arishi, Mohammed ; M. Degoot, Abdoelnaser title: Analyzing the Impact of Control Strategies on VisceralLeishmaniasis: A Mathematical Modeling Perspective date: 2024 words: 4465 flesch: 50 summary: We investigated the impact of different values of the parameters on the cumulative number of human VL cases, as elaborated in Section 4. We analyse the impact of interventions using percentages and consider that the number of reported human VL cases is only a portion of the total community infections. keywords: cases; control; disease; human; leishmaniasis; model; population; rate; saadeh; sudan cache: ejpam-5121.pdf plain text: ejpam-5121.txt item: #1018 of 2048 id: ejpam-5122 author: Pooda, Mathieu; Simpore , Yacouba; Traore , Oumar title: Modeling and Multi-objective Optimal Control of Thedynamics of Counterterrorism in the Sahel Region in Africa date: 2024 words: 15231 flesch: 66 summary: Math, 17 (2) (2024), 870-904 896 dλ9 dt = −w5 + (λ9 − λ1)γ8 + (λ1 − λ5)c1π1 C(N −D) N2 + (λ1 − λ4)c1α1 C(C +A+ V ) (C + I)2 + (λ8 − λ1)c4α2 BC (C + I)2 +(λ2 − λ5)c1π5 R(N −D) N2 + (λ2 − λ9)c5ω3 R(R+A+ V +B) (R+ I)2 + (λ8 − λ2)c4ω4 BR (R+ I)2 +(λ3 − λ5)c1π3 A(N −D) N2 + (λ8 − λ3)c4ν3 BA I2 + (λ3 − λ9)c5ω2 A(A+ V +B) I2 + λ3ζ1 A(A+ V ) I2 +(λ4 − λ5)c1π2 V (N −D) N2 + λ4ζ2 V (A+ V ) I2 + (λ5 − λ6)c2β2 S ( N − (E + F + T ) ) N2 +(λ6 − λ7)c3β3 E ( N − (F + T ) ) N2 + (λ10 − λ7)τ1 F (A+ V ) (F + I)2 + (λ7 − λ10)c5β4 F (N − T ) N2 − λ7ζ3 F (A+ V ) (F + I)2 +(λ8 − λ10)c4θ2 PB (P + I)2 + (λ8 − λ5)c1π4 B(N −D) N2 + (λ8 − λ9)c5ω1 B(A+ V +B) I2 − λ8ζ4 B(A+ V ) I2 +(λ10 − λ8)τ2 B(A+ V ) I2 + (λ10 − λ9)c5θ1 P (P +A+ V +B) (P + I)2 + (λ9 − λ10)τ3 (A+ V )(A+ V +B) I2 +λ9 + (λ10 − λ5)c1π6 P (N −B) N2 + λ9ζ5 (A+ V )(A+ V +B) I2 dλ10 dt = −w6 + (λ10 − λ1)γ5 + (λ5 − λ1)c1π1 DC N2 + (λ5 − λ2)c1π5 DR N2 + (λ5 − λ3)c1π3 DA N2 + (λ5 − λ4)c1π2 DV N2 +(λ5 − λ8)c1π4 DB N2 + (λ10 − λ5)c1π6 D(N − P ) N2 + (λ6 − λ5)c2β2 S(E + F + T ) N2 + (λ7 − λ6)c3β3 E(F + T ) N2 +(λ9 − λ7)c5β4 TF N2 + (λ10 − λ8)c4θ2 BI (P + I)2 + (λ10 − λ9)c5θ1 TI (P + I)2 + λ10µ+ λ10η with transversality conditions λi(Tf ) Math, 17 (2) (2024), 870-904 878 dN dt = Λ− µN − δ1V − δ2A− δ3B − δ4T − δ5F − ηP Since A, V,B, T, F, P are positive functions and using the positivity of the functions δ1, δ2, δ3, δ4, δ5, given that the constants ζ1, ζ2, ζ3, ζ4, ζ5 and η are strictly positive as well, we get: dN dt ≤ Λ− µN Then d dt ( N − Λ µ ) ≤ −µ ( N − Λ µ ) keywords: + b; + t; + v; + ω1; c +; class; e +; evolution; f +; i2 +; n +; n2 +; subpopulation; t n; t t; v f; λ5 − cache: ejpam-5122.pdf plain text: ejpam-5122.txt item: #1019 of 2048 id: ejpam-5125 author: Bandaru, Ravikumar; Ajjarapu, Suryavardhani title: Paradistributive Latticoids date: 2024 words: 7070 flesch: 92 summary: For any p1, p2 ∈ V , p1 ∨ p2 = p1 if and only if p1 ∧ p2 = p2. = (p1 ∨ p1) ∧ (p2 ∨ p1) keywords: p1 ∧; ∧ p2; ∧ p3 cache: ejpam-5125.pdf plain text: ejpam-5125.txt item: #1020 of 2048 id: ejpam-5127 author: Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Patel, Prashant ; Rafi, Noorbhasha ; Shukla, Rahul; Ajjarapu, Suryavardhani title: Normal Paradistributive Latticoids date: 2024 words: 7496 flesch: 88 summary: Normal PDL In this section, we introduce the notion of a normal paradistributive latticoid and characterize interms of prime filters and minimal prime filters. It is also proved that each minimal prime filter belonging to O(P) is contained in P, and O(P) is the intersection of all the minimal prime filters contained in P. The concept of a normal paradistributive latticoid is introduced and characterized in terms of the prime filters and minimal prime filters. keywords: filter cache: ejpam-5127.pdf plain text: ejpam-5127.txt item: #1021 of 2048 id: ejpam-5131 author: Ahmed, Ghada title: Analysis and Applications of the Chaotic Hyperbolic Memristor Model with Fractional Order Derivative date: 2024 words: 5722 flesch: 48 summary: Introduction The history of non-integer order systems in science and technology,which has been heavily influenced by fractional derivatives, has had a significant impact on the emer- gence of chaotic systems [37].Fractional derivatives are used to explain and resolve inte- gral equations as well as ordinary and partial differential equations as an extension of classical derivatives. The conse- quences of the modified Chua’s system explored by Tom et al. using fractional derivatives are only one example of the various current contributions of fractional derivatives in the field of fractional index chaotic systems[18].Recently, chaos dynamics control has been more well-liked due to a new trend of studying chaotic systems utilizing various mathe- matical and physical models, such as the Chen system with fractional order investigated by Chunguang and Guanrong[29].The study of chaotic regimes and the creation of low-power systems with rapid processing units both heavily rely on digital/analogue electronics and fractional index systems. keywords: abdoon; dynamics; fractional; model; mohamed; numerical; order; system cache: ejpam-5131.pdf plain text: ejpam-5131.txt item: #1022 of 2048 id: ejpam-5133 author: Amato, Roberto title: A Novel Approach for Studying Pythagorean Triples Suitable for Students at all Educational Levels date: 2024 words: 5195 flesch: 66 summary: This paper seeks to showcase how a new approach can breathe new life into research within the traditional domain of Pythagorean triples, introducing innovative applications to in- vigorate the field. The new results and applications, along with those found in the Preliminary Results section, show how the field of Pythagorean triples is still interesting and stimulating to study, despite the centuries that have elapsed. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11D61, 97F99, 97G99, 97H99, 97I99 Key Words and Phrases: Pythagorean triples, Diophantine equations, Algebric groups, Geometry 1. keywords: pythagorean; theorem; triples cache: ejpam-5133.pdf plain text: ejpam-5133.txt item: #1023 of 2048 id: ejpam-5135 author: Macaso, Justine Bryle; Balingit, Cherry Mae title: The Block Topological Space and Block Topological Graph Induced by Undirected Graphs date: 2024 words: 5239 flesch: 79 summary: Suppose that vertex v is not a cut- vertex adjacent to w. Let O be a τB(G)-open containing v. Suppose on the contrary that w /∈ O. Observe that vertex v is not a cut-vertex of G that is adjacent to w. By Theorem 5, any τB(G)-open containing v also contains w. Hence, the block topological space of G is not a Hausdorff space. keywords: block; cut; graph; vertex cache: ejpam-5135.pdf plain text: ejpam-5135.txt item: #1024 of 2048 id: ejpam-5136 author: Lakibul, Idzhar; Polestico, Daisy Lou L. ; Supe, Arnulfo P. title: On the Bivariate Extension of the Extended Standard U-quadratic Distribution date: 2024 words: 6107 flesch: 71 summary: The joint probabil- ity and cumulative distribution functions of the derived distribution are obtained and it is observed that the said distribution can generate bivariate shape distributions with the following properties: (i) X and Y have bathtub shapes; (ii) X has a constant distribution and Y has a bathtub shape; and (iii) X has an inverted bathtub and Y has a bathtub shape. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 60E05, 62E10, 65C10 Key Words and Phrases: Standard U-quadratic distribution, Kumaraswamy distribution, Bi- variate distribution, Bivariate Pseudo Family, bathtub shape distribution ∗Corresponding author. keywords: distribution cache: ejpam-5136.pdf plain text: ejpam-5136.txt item: #1025 of 2048 id: ejpam-5137 author: Corcino, Cristina; Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Picardal, Jay title: Generalized Core Functions of Maximum Entropy Theory of Ecology date: 2024 words: 3330 flesch: 64 summary: (30) Setting (30) equal to zero and solve for R(n, ϵ), 0 = − ( 1 + q 1− q − q 1− q Rq−1 ) + α0 + α1q(n− µq,1)R q−1 + α2q(nϵ− µq,2)R q−1 C. Corcino, R. Corcino, J. Picardal / Eur. Through illustrative examples, the paper provided sample probability functions for the q-Spatial structure function, showcasing how these generalized formulations can be applied in practical scenarios. keywords: entropy; function; n=1; structure cache: ejpam-5137.pdf plain text: ejpam-5137.txt item: #1026 of 2048 id: ejpam-5140 author: Erturk, V. S. ; Rath, B. ; Al-Khader, Taqwa M. ; Alshaikh, Noorhan ; Mallick, P. ; Asad, Jihad title: Two-dimensional Coupled Asymmetric van der Pol Oscillator date: 2024 words: 3361 flesch: 71 summary: It can be said that the considered approach can be easily extended to other nonlinear van der Pol oscillator systems and therefore is widely applicable in engineering and other sciences. Since most real-world systems are described by nonlinear differential equations, mechanical systems, ∗Corresponding author. keywords: der; pol; van cache: ejpam-5140.pdf plain text: ejpam-5140.txt item: #1027 of 2048 id: ejpam-5141 author: Elgezouli, Diaa Diaa Eldin ; Abdoon, Mohamed; Belhaouari, Samir Brahim; Khalid Almutairi, Dalal title: A Novel Fractional Edge Detector Based on Generalized Fractional Operator date: 2024 words: 5625 flesch: 62 summary: This work pioneers a novel approach in image edge detection through the utilization of the generalized fractional operator. Conclusion This work pioneers a novel approach in image edge detection through the utilization of the Generalized Fractional. keywords: detection; edge; edge detection; fractional; image; operator; order; prewitt; sobel; values cache: ejpam-5141.pdf plain text: ejpam-5141.txt item: #1028 of 2048 id: ejpam-5149 author: Assi, Peter Nga ; Bassey, Edet Effiong ; Atsu, Jeremiah Ugeh; Ibok, Ekpenyong Effiong; Nnaji, Emeka Samuel ; Ugbe, Bernard Azinu; Amadigwe, Samuel Chukwudike title: Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Determining Critical Success Factors in Achieving Top University Graduation date: 2024 words: 9188 flesch: 61 summary: The study discovered prominent themes supportive of student success including having a future orientation, persistence, and strong executive functioning skills such as time management and organization, were listed as CSFs for undergraduate students to reach their goals while attending university. It is hoped that the results from this study will assist researchers and post-secondary personnel in better understanding the important factors for student success and provide the framework for further in-depth exploration. keywords: b c; c.i; c.r; csfs; decision; factors; grade; level; priority; pv =; students; success; sum; λmax cache: ejpam-5149.pdf plain text: ejpam-5149.txt item: #1029 of 2048 id: ejpam-515 author: Qian, Guoqi title: Law of Iterated Logarithm and Strong Consistency in Poisson Regression Model Selection date: 2010 words: 6785 flesch: 76 summary: Thirdly, conditions (C.3) to (C.6) together with (C.2) indicate ξn p log log n→ 0, δn p log n log log n→ 0, δn log n p log log n→ 0 and ξn log n p log log n→ 0 respectively. Accordingly, we have ∂ ℓ ∂ β |β=β0 = n ∑ k=1 (yk −µ0k)xk = X t n(Yn−µ0) = O( p n log log n) keywords: a.s; log; log log; model; selection cache: ejpam-515.pdf plain text: ejpam-515.txt item: #1030 of 2048 id: ejpam-5152 author: Ekayanti, Arta; Marjono, Marjono; Muslikh, Mohamad; Fitri, Sa'adatul title: On Common Fixed Point for Contractive Mappings in $p$-Pompeiu-Hausdorff Metric Spaces date: 2024 words: 4410 flesch: 85 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 26E25 Key Words and Phrases: common fixed point, set-valued mappings, contractive mappings, partial metric spaces, p-Pompeiu-Hausdorff Metric Spaces 1. So, we obtain x ∈ Gm(x) and x ∈ Fn(x) for each m,n. It means x is common fixed point of Gm and Fn for every m and n. keywords: metric; p(x; point cache: ejpam-5152.pdf plain text: ejpam-5152.txt item: #1031 of 2048 id: ejpam-5153 author: Diabang, André Souleye; Mballo, Ama Sékou ; Diop, Pape Cheikhou title: Real Division Algebras with Left Unit Satisfying Some Identities. date: 2024 words: 5101 flesch: 82 summary: Introduction The discovery of the real algebra of Quaternions H by Hamilton in 1843, caused: On the one hand to the study of real division algebras by great researchers mathematians and physicists. [1] have studied Real division algebras satisfying some identities. keywords: division; satisfies; unit cache: ejpam-5153.pdf plain text: ejpam-5153.txt item: #1032 of 2048 id: ejpam-5154 author: Hassan, Javier; Bonsocan, Maria Andrea O. ; Langamin, Mercedita A. ; Bilar, Vergel T. ; Aming, Sharifa Dianne A. ; Amiruddin-Rajik, Bayah J. title: Zero Forcing Domination in Some Graphs: Characterizations and Derived Formulas date: 2024 words: 3539 flesch: 82 summary: We char- acterize zero forcing dominating sets in some special graphs and the join of two graphs, and we derive some formulas of the zero forcing domination using characterization results. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Zero forcing set, zero forcing dominating set, zero forcing domination number 1. keywords: dominating; forcing; set cache: ejpam-5154.pdf plain text: ejpam-5154.txt item: #1033 of 2048 id: ejpam-5155 author: Osei Fokuo, Mary; Obeng-Denteh, William; Dontwi, Isaac Kwame; Mensah, Patrick Akwasi Anamuah title: Determination of the Fixed Point of Lotka-Volterra Function date: 2024 words: 4007 flesch: 82 summary: We then apply the idea and the definition of the theorem of fixed points and fixed point. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54H25, 47H10, 54E35 Key Words and Phrases: Lotka-Volterra, fixed point, parameter, solution, function,contraction mapping, fixed point theorem 1. keywords: point cache: ejpam-5155.pdf plain text: ejpam-5155.txt item: #1034 of 2048 id: ejpam-5156 author: Consistente, Leocint; Cabahug, Isagani title: Restrained Global Defensive Alliances in Graphs date: 2024 words: 6109 flesch: 85 summary: Now, since S = V is the only rgda in K3, it is also the minimum rgda in K3. In particular, a global defensive alliance S is a restrained global defensive alliance if the induced subgraph of V ∖ S has no isolated vertex. keywords: graph; vertex cache: ejpam-5156.pdf plain text: ejpam-5156.txt item: #1035 of 2048 id: ejpam-5157 author: Hassan, Javier; Bonsocan, Maria Andrea O. ; Rasid, Regimar A. ; Sappari, Amil-Shab S. title: Certified Vertex Cover of a Graph date: 2024 words: 3572 flesch: 81 summary: We characterize certified vertex cover in these graphs and subsequently derive the simplified formulas for calculating the certified vertex cover number. Moreover, we present some bounds and properties of certified vertex cover. keywords: cover; vertex cache: ejpam-5157.pdf plain text: ejpam-5157.txt item: #1036 of 2048 id: ejpam-5159 author: Ait Brahim, A.; El Hajaji, A. ; Hilal, K. ; Ghordaf, J. El title: On a Novel Fractional Calculus and its Applications to Well-known Problems date: 2024 words: 3344 flesch: 62 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 26A33, 34A08, 65M70, 35R11, 92D25 Key Words and Phrases: New conformable fractional derivative, population grow model, body coolig model, fractional heat equation. Then form of fractional heat equation represented by : ∂α ∂tα ∂αz(x, t) ∂tα = ∂2z(x, t) ∂x2 , (27) z(0, t) = 0, t > 0, (28) z(1, t) keywords: conformable; equation; fractional; new cache: ejpam-5159.pdf plain text: ejpam-5159.txt item: #1037 of 2048 id: ejpam-5162 author: Pulloru Bhavana; Priya, D. Kalpana title: The Stochastic Transportation Problem with Imprecise Data using Lomax Distribution date: 2024 words: 5165 flesch: 65 summary: The terms for TP that are modelled under such circumstances are fuzzy transportation problems (FTP) and stochastic transportation problems (STP). An alternate method for finding more for less solution to fuzzy transportation problem with mixed constraints. keywords: distribution; problem; transportation; xij cache: ejpam-5162.pdf plain text: ejpam-5162.txt item: #1038 of 2048 id: ejpam-5165 author: Omayan, Develin; Flores, Greig Bates title: On the McShane-Dunford-Stieltjes Integral and McShane-Pettis-Stieltjes Integral date: 2024 words: 5570 flesch: 85 summary: (Additivity of the MDS-integral) Let f : [a, b] → X, g : [a, b] → R and I,J ∈ A function f is said to be McShane-Stieltjes integrable, or simply MS-integrable, with respect to g on [a, b] if there exists J ∈ X with the following property: for each ε > 0 there is a gauge δ such that for every δ-fine M-partition P = {(t, [u,v])} of [a, b] the inequality∥∥∥∥∥∥ ∑ (t,[u,v])∈P f(t)∆g([u,v])− J ∥∥∥∥∥∥ X < ε D. Omayan, G.B. Flores / Eur. keywords: mds cache: ejpam-5165.pdf plain text: ejpam-5165.txt item: #1039 of 2048 id: ejpam-5166 author: Hidayat, Noor; Krisnawati, Vira Hari; Husnul Khuluq, Muhammad; Fatimah, Farah Maulidya; Musyarrofah, Ayunda Faizatul title: The Wiener Index of Prime Graph $PG(\mathbb{Z}_n)$ date: 2024 words: 5853 flesch: 84 summary: All Wiener index formulas that have been constructed for ring graphs (zero divisor graph, unit graph, total graph, and prime graph) can be seen in the survey results arranged by Asir et al For every prime number p, q, the ring Zpq has u = (p − 1)(q − 1) units and p+ q − 2 nontrivial zero divisors. keywords: graph; index; prime; vertex cache: ejpam-5166.pdf plain text: ejpam-5166.txt item: #1040 of 2048 id: ejpam-5171 author: Alsaadi, Hanan S.; Al-Hodieb , Muna title: Sets Related to Openness and Continuity Decompositions in Primal Topological Spaces date: 2024 words: 7622 flesch: 87 summary: We define a primal on X as: (a) X /∈ P, (b) If L ∈ P and E ⊆ L, thus E ∈ P, (c) If L ∩ E ∈ P, then L ∈ P or E ∈ P. Definition 1.4. Ψ̃G was introduced and studied by Al-Omari and Takashi in [24], they also used the ΨG-operator to define a new class of open sets. keywords: set cache: ejpam-5171.pdf plain text: ejpam-5171.txt item: #1041 of 2048 id: ejpam-5175 author: Labsir, Abdallah; Fanich, El Mokhtar title: On The Representations and Characters of Quaternions Group Q8 date: 2024 words: 3173 flesch: 75 summary: We are interested in studying the linear representations of the Quaternions group Q8 by determining it’s charater table and irreducible representations which allows us to construct some representations of degre 6 and 8 of Q8. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 20C15, 20C20, 20C30, 20G20 Key Words and Phrases: Irreducible representation, Character table, Quaternions group, Group Q8 1. keywords: group; representation cache: ejpam-5175.pdf plain text: ejpam-5175.txt item: #1042 of 2048 id: ejpam-5178 author: Artiono, Rudianto; Prawoto, Budi Priyo ; Savitri, Dian ; Maulana, Dimas Avian ; Izzati Hamdan, Nur ; Abdul Latif, Nurul Syaza ; Hadi, Normi Abdul title: Mathematical Analysis and Numerical Simulation on Free-Living Leptospira: A Mathematical Modeling Perspective date: 2024 words: 6747 flesch: 57 summary: Table 1: Summary of parameter’s description Parameter Description ΛHu the rate at which the human population is being recruited ΛHo the rate at which animal host populations are being recruited ΛV the rate at which animal vector populations are being recruited µHu the rate of death in the human population µHo the rate of death of animal host population µV the rate of death of animal vector population µL the rate of death of free-living leptospira in the environment θHu the transmission rate of humans from the recovered population to the susceptible population θHo the transmission rate of the animal host from the recovered population to the susceptible population γHu the transmission rate from the septicemic phase to the immune phase σHu the transmission rate of humans from the exposed population to the recovered population Rudianto Artiono et al. / Eur. Math, 17 (3) (2024), 1637-1658 1642 Table 2: Summary of parameter’s description Parameter Description δHu mortality rate caused by sickness in the human population δHo mortality rate caused by sickness of animal host population αHu the recovery rate of the human population αHo the recovery rate of animal host population βHu1 the infection rate of the human population by free-living lep- tospires in the environment βHu2 the infection rate of the human population by infected animal host population βHu3 the infection rate of the human population by infected animal vector population βV infection rate of animal host population by free-living leptospira in the environment L0 infection rate of animal vector population by free-living leptospira in the environment ε saturation constant of leptospires bacteria κHu a reduction in the growth rate of leptospires bacteria, given the rise in cases κHo the excretion rate of leptospira from the human population into the environment κV the excretion rate of leptospira from animal-host populations into the environment 3. keywords: animal; animal host; disease; equilibrium; host; human; leptospira; leptospirosis; model; population; rate; vector; µhu cache: ejpam-5178.pdf plain text: ejpam-5178.txt item: #1043 of 2048 id: ejpam-5187 author: Akuchu, Besheng George ; Aphane, Maggie; Ugwunnadi, Godwin; Okereke, George Emeka title: Modified Inertial Krasnosel'skii-Mann Type Method for Solving Fixed PointProblems in Real Uniformly Convex Banach Spaces date: 2024 words: 6548 flesch: 79 summary: Using this in 7 and ∀n ≥ 0, we have ∥an+1 − a∗∥p ≤ ∥an − a∗∥p + δnD2 +Mν 1 2 n − wp(ξn)c||T nbn − bn||p From this, the fact that ∑ δn < +∞ and condition (iii), we have∑ n≥0 2[ξn(1− ξn)] pc||T nbn − bn||p ≤ ∑ n≥0 wp(ξn)c||T nbn − bn||p ≤ ∑ n≥0 [||an − a∗||p − ||an+1 − a∗||p] +D2 ∑ n≥0 δn +M ∑ n≥0 ν 1 2 n <∞. This implies from conditions (ii) that lim ||T nbn − bn||p = 0. [1 + ξn(κ 2 n − 1)]||(1 + νn)an − νnan−1 − z||2 − ξn(1− ξn)||T nbn − bn||2 keywords: convex; nbn −; nonexpansive cache: ejpam-5187.pdf plain text: ejpam-5187.txt item: #1044 of 2048 id: ejpam-5189 author: Canoy, Sergio; Jamil, Ferdinand; Fortosa, Rona Jane Gamayot; Macalisang, Jead title: Convex 2-Domination in Graphs date: 2024 words: 6993 flesch: 84 summary: Then |NG(v)| ≥ 2. Let S = V (G)\{v}. Hence, A = V (G) and S = V (G)∪ (⋃ v∈V (G) Sv ) . keywords: convex; dominating; let; set cache: ejpam-5189.pdf plain text: ejpam-5189.txt item: #1045 of 2048 id: ejpam-5191 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sompong, Supannee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Weakly quasi $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous multifunctions date: 2024 words: 4237 flesch: 79 summary: = (τ1, τ2)-sInt(F +(Y − σ1σ2-Int(σ1σ2-Cl(V1))) ∩ F−(Y − σ1σ2-Int(σ1σ2-Cl(V2)))) ⊆ (τ1, τ2)-sInt(F +(Y − V1) ∩ F−(Y − V2)) EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS Vol. 17, No. 3, 2024, 1553-1564 ISSN 1307-5543 – ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions Prapart Pue-on1, Supannee Sompong2, Chawalit Boonpok1,∗ 1 Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Research Unit, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand 2 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajbhat University, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand Abstract. keywords: cl(v2; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-5191.pdf plain text: ejpam-5191.txt item: #1046 of 2048 id: ejpam-5192 author: Klanarong, Chalongchai ; Sompong, Supannee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower almost $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2024 words: 4022 flesch: 75 summary: Semi-open sets, preopen sets, α-open sets, β-open sets and δ-open sets play an important role in the researches of generaliza- tions of continuity in topological spaces. In particular, F−(y) = {x ∈ X | y ∈ F (x)} for each point y ∈ Y . keywords: open; set; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5192.pdf plain text: ejpam-5192.txt item: #1047 of 2048 id: ejpam-5193 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina title: Higher Order Bivariate Bell-Based Apostol-Frobenius-Type Poly-Genocchi Polynomials with Parameters a and b date: 2024 words: 5547 flesch: 76 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05A15, 11B68, 11B73, 26C05, 33B10 Key Words and Phrases: Genocchi polynomials, Bell polynomials, Apostol-Frobenius-Type poly-Genocchi polynomials, Bell-based Apostol-Frobenius-Type poly-Genocchi polynomials, Stir- ling numbers 1. (1.2) Mixing with the Apostol polynomials yields the Apostol-Genocchi polynomials, and Apostol- Genocchi polynomials of higher order, which are respectively defined as follows: ∞∑ n=0 Gn(x, λ) tn n! keywords: polynomials; tn n; y;u cache: ejpam-5193.pdf plain text: ejpam-5193.txt item: #1048 of 2048 id: ejpam-5197 author: Heydari, Marzieh; Ghovatmand, Mehdi; Noori Skandari, Mohammad Hadi; Baleanu, Dumitru title: An Efficient Convergent Approach for Difference Delayed Reaction-Diffusion Equations date: 2024 words: 6282 flesch: 77 summary: It is also easy to see that η̄(ζ, ι) for ι = ιl (l = 1, 2, .., Q − 1) and ζ ∈ [0,M ] satisfies conditions (2) and (3), by using the assumptions of theorem and the last three equations of system (22). Reaction diffusion equations and their application on bacterial communication. keywords: diffusion; equations; method; η(ζ cache: ejpam-5197.pdf plain text: ejpam-5197.txt item: #1049 of 2048 id: ejpam-520 author: Moorthy, G. Murugusundara; Magesh, N. title: On Certain Sufficient Conditions for Analytic Univalent Functions date: 2011 words: 2403 flesch: 92 summary: = ( f ∈A : � � � � � f ′(z) � z f (z) �δ − 1 � � � � � < 1−α, δ ≥ 0, 0≤ α < 1, z ∈ U . ) The class B2 1(α,δ) has been studied by Frasin and Jahangiri + z f ′′(z) 2 � > 1 2 , z ∈ U . keywords: � � cache: ejpam-520.pdf plain text: ejpam-520.txt item: #1050 of 2048 id: ejpam-5203 author: Laurente, Mark P. ; Ababa, A.Z. D. title: On Apostol-Type Multi Poly-Genocchi Polynomials with Parameters a,b, and c date: 2025 words: 6148 flesch: 81 summary: An Apostol-type of multi poly Genocchi polynomials with pa- rameters a, b and c is defined by ∞∑ n=0 G(k1,k2,k3,··· ,kr) n (x;λ, a, b, c) tn n! Conclusion In this paper, we define Apostol-type of multi poly Genocchi polynomials with param- eters a, b and c through the concept of multi-poly logarithm. keywords: ,kr; n=0; polynomials cache: ejpam-5203.pdf plain text: ejpam-5203.txt item: #1051 of 2048 id: ejpam-5205 author: Fortosa, Rona Jane Gamayot; Jamil, Ferdinand; Canoy, Sergio title: Convex Roman Dominating Functions on Graphs under some Binary Operations date: 2024 words: 9480 flesch: 92 summary: Then f = (V0, V1, V2) is a CvRDF on G ◦H if and only if each of the following conditions hold: (i) V0 ∩ V (G) = ∅ (ii) For each v ∈ V2 ∩ V (G), Sv 1 ∪ Sv 2 induces a complete subgraph of Hv or V (Hv) \ (Sv 1 ∪ Sv 2 ) is a non-connecting set in Hv. (iii) For each v ∈ V1∩V (G) such that Sv 1 ̸= V (Hv), Sv 2 ̸= ∅, Sv 0 ⊆ NHv(Sv 2 ), and Sv 1 ∪Sv 2 induces a complete subgraph of Hv or V (Hv) \ (Sv 1 ∪ Sv 2 ) is a non-connecting set in Hv and Proof. Let f = (V0, V1, V2) be a CvRDF of G ◦ H. Since V1 ∪ V2 is a dominating set of G ◦H, V (v +Hv) ∩ (V1 ∪ V2) ̸= ∅ (1) R. Fortosa, S. Canoy Jr. / Eur. keywords: convex cache: ejpam-5205.pdf plain text: ejpam-5205.txt item: #1052 of 2048 id: ejpam-5208 author: Tutanes, Lezel Mernilo title: On $\psi$ gs-Functions in Bitopological Spaces date: 2024 words: 4058 flesch: 80 summary: Noiri and Popa in [7] studied some properties of weakly open functions in DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v17i3.5208 Email address: lezeltutanes@buksu.edu.ph (L.M. Tutanes) https://www.ejpam.com 2173 © 2024 EJPAM Some properties of weakly open functions in bitopologcal spaces. keywords: function; j)-ψgs; set cache: ejpam-5208.pdf plain text: ejpam-5208.txt item: #1053 of 2048 id: ejpam-521 author: Qian, Guoqi title: Stochastic Complexity, Histograms and Hypothesis Testing of Homogeneity date: 2009 words: 12143 flesch: 78 summary: By Taylor expansion, ∑ ni,m>0 ni,m log ni,m nπi,m = ∑ ni,m>0 ni,m log � 1+ ni,m− nπi,m nπi,m � G. Qian / Eur. Math, 3 (2010), 51-80 72 = m ∑ i=1 log r̃i,m+ m ∑ i=1 ni,m log (n+m)πi,m ni,m+ 1 + m ∑ i=1 log nπi,m+ 1 ni,m+ 1 +m log(n+m)− m ∑ i=1 log(nπi,m+ 1). keywords: i=1; i=1 ni; length; log; m log; nπi; r̃i; � � cache: ejpam-521.pdf plain text: ejpam-521.txt item: #1054 of 2048 id: ejpam-5211 author: Khan, Izhar title: Order Statistics and Actuarial Measures from Powered Inverse Rayleigh Distribution date: 2024 words: 3973 flesch: 81 summary: Transmuted Rayleigh distribution. [20] obtained moments properties of PIR distribution based on dual generalized order statistics. keywords: distribution; statistics cache: ejpam-5211.pdf plain text: ejpam-5211.txt item: #1055 of 2048 id: ejpam-5213 author: Carbero, Mary Ann; Malacas, Gina; Canoy, Sergio title: Differentiating Odd Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2024 words: 8125 flesch: 75 summary: Then S ⊆ V (G + H) is a differentiating odd dominating set in G + H if and only if S = SG ∪ SH , where SG and SH are differentiating sets in G and H, respectively, either SG or SH is strictly differentiating, and one of the following statements holds: (i) |SG| and |SH | are even, and SG and SH are both odd dominating sets in G and H, respectively. (ii) |SG| and |SH | are odd, and SG and SH are both even dominating sets in G and H, respectively. (iii) |SG| is odd, |SH | is even, SG is odd dominating in G, SH is even dominating set in H. (iv) |SG| is even, |SH | is odd, SG is even dominating in G, and SH is odd dominating sets in H. Proof. In this paper, we discuss differentiating odd dominating sets and give bounds or exact values of the differentiating odd domination numbers of some graphs. keywords: differentiating; dominating; dominating set; set cache: ejpam-5213.pdf plain text: ejpam-5213.txt item: #1056 of 2048 id: ejpam-522 author: Cevikel, Adem C.; Ahlatcioglu, Mehmet title: A Linear Interactive Solution Concept for Fuzzy Multiobjective Games date: 2009 words: 4247 flesch: 73 summary: In this paper, we deal with multiobjective two-person zero-sum games with fuzzy payoffs and fuzzy goals. The aim of the paper is to explain new concepts of solutions for multiobjective two-person zero-sum games with fuzzy payoffs and fuzzy goals. keywords: attainment; degree; fuzzy; goal; player cache: ejpam-522.pdf plain text: ejpam-522.txt item: #1057 of 2048 id: ejpam-5223 author: Baloush, Malouh; Noiri, T. ; Talafha, M. ; dzul-Kifli3, S. Che title: Separation Axioms via $F$-open Sets date: 2024 words: 4041 flesch: 88 summary: For F -open sets of X, the following properties hold: (1) The finite union of F -open sets is F -open, (2) The finite intersection of F -open sets is F -open. keywords: space cache: ejpam-5223.pdf plain text: ejpam-5223.txt item: #1058 of 2048 id: ejpam-5224 author: Laaraj, Mounir; Abdelalim, Seddik; Elmouki, Ilias title: One Resolution of the Conjecture between the Projective Dimension of a Simple Module S of an Artinian Ring on Zero Radical’s Cube and the First Bifunctor Extension on S date: 2024 words: 5095 flesch: 73 summary: Here are the calculations of the projective resolutions of simple modules (S(i))1≤i≤5, 0 −→ P (3)⊕ P (4) −→ P (2)2 −→ P (1) −→ S(1) −→ 0 REFERENCES 1867 0 −→ P (3)⊕ P (4) −→ P (2) −→ S(2) −→ 0 0 −→ P (5) −→ P (3) −→ S(3) −→ 0 0 −→ P (5) −→ P (4) −→ S(4) −→ 0 0 −→ P (5) −→ P (4) −→ S(5) −→ 0 = 0 because S(1) is an injective module and we have, 0 −→ P (5) −→ P (4) −→ P (2) −→ P (1) −→ S(1) −→ 0 which implies that pd(S) = 3 7.2. keywords: algebra; conjecture; module; projective cache: ejpam-5224.pdf plain text: ejpam-5224.txt item: #1059 of 2048 id: ejpam-5225 author: Sulaiman, Raden; Astuti, Yuliani Puji ; Yunianti, Dwi Nur; Awang, N. Azzah title: On the Picture Fuzzy-TOPSIS Method date: 2024 words: 3340 flesch: 74 summary: In this article, we propose steps of TOPSIS picture fuzzy sets method. Picture fuzzy topsis method based on cpfrs model: An application to risk management problems. keywords: decision; fuzzy; method; picture; topsis cache: ejpam-5225.pdf plain text: ejpam-5225.txt item: #1060 of 2048 id: ejpam-5226 author: Ramesh, S. ; Chinnayya, G. ; Jogarao, G. ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Hierarchy Elements in an Almost Distributive Lattice date: 2024 words: 6621 flesch: 96 summary: Therefore, h ∧ ŝ1 ∈ Ŝ. (iii) Let ŝ1 ∈ Ŝ. Then ŝ1 ∧ s1 = s1 ∧ ŝ1 = ŝ1. Now, s1 ∧ h = s1 ∧ (s1 ∧ s′1 ∧ h) keywords: hs1; s1 ∧ cache: ejpam-5226.pdf plain text: ejpam-5226.txt item: #1061 of 2048 id: ejpam-5232 author: AL-Refaidi, A.; ALZaid, N.; Bakodah, Huda; AL-Mazmumy, M. title: An Efficient Numerical Approach Based on the Adomian Chebyshev Decomposition Method for Two-Point Boundary Value Problems date: 2024 words: 5149 flesch: 70 summary: Moreover, in many BVPs of exact solutions, the obtained series provides the solution in a closed-form. Exact solution ACDM solution Absolute error 0.0 0 0 0 0.1 1.10517092× 10−1 1.10517094× 10−1 2.53649074× 10−9 0.2 2.44280552× 10−1 2.44280557× 10−1 5.09836706× 10−9 0.3 4.04957642× 10−1 4.04957650× 10−1 7.71122380× 10−9 0.4 5.96729879× 10−1 5.96729889× 10−1 1.04002264× 10−8 0.5 8.24360635× 10−1 8.24360649× 10−1 1.31822171× 10−8 0.6 1.09327128 1.09327130 1.60211319× 10−8 0.7 1.40962690 1.4096269 1.86512214× 10−8 0.8 1.78043274 1.78043276 2.00216909× 10−8 0.9 2.21364280 2.21364282 1.68194966× 10−8 1.0 2.71828183 2.71828183 1.× 10−29 Figure 1: Comparison between the exact and ACDM solutions in Example 1. keywords: 10−1; bakodah; chebyshev; method; solution cache: ejpam-5232.pdf plain text: ejpam-5232.txt item: #1062 of 2048 id: ejpam-5237 author: Aitbrahim, Aabdessamad; Ghordaf, J. El ; El Hajaji, A. ; Hilal, K. ; Valdes, J. E.Napoles title: A Comparative Analysis of Conformable, Non-conformable, Riemann-Liouville, and Caputo Fractional Derivatives date: 2024 words: 4051 flesch: 55 summary: Fractional ordinary differential equation with Riemann Liouville, Ca- puto, and conformable fractional Derivatives This section discusses solutions to fractional Ordinary Differential Equations using Rie- mann Liouville, Caputo, and conformable fractional Derivatives and then their numerical simulations. Conclusion Numerical simulations conducted on the solutions to initial value problems of fractional ordinary differential equations reveal that the graphs of solutions using Riemann-Liouville and conformable fractional derivatives exhibit significant proximity for 0 < α < 1. Fur- thermore, the solutions’ graphs employing all three fractional derivatives show substantial similarity for 1/2 < α < 1. keywords: calculus; conformable; derivative; fractional; k−1 cache: ejpam-5237.pdf plain text: ejpam-5237.txt item: #1063 of 2048 id: ejpam-5238 author: Thongmoon, Montri ; Sompong, Supannee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Weak $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity date: 2024 words: 4622 flesch: 78 summary: Weakly continuous multifunctions. Introduction The concept of weakly continuous functions was introduced by Levine keywords: cl(v; open; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5238.pdf plain text: ejpam-5238.txt item: #1064 of 2048 id: ejpam-524 author: Augustine, Germina Kizhekekunnel; Joseph, Alphy; Jose, Sona title: Distance Neighbourhood Pattern Matrices in a Graph date: 2010 words: 7399 flesch: 92 summary: Any dpd-graph G, with dpd-set M and the M-dnp matrix DM G as an identity matrix of order n is isomorphic to a path Pn on n vertices with dpd-set M as any of its pendent vertices. Let G be a graph with dpd-set M such that DM G ∼= In, the identity matrix of order n. From Corollary 4, sum of the entries in each row of DM G = |M |. keywords: dpd; set;  ;   cache: ejpam-524.pdf plain text: ejpam-524.txt item: #1065 of 2048 id: ejpam-5240 author: Pelagio, Mariane Eliz; Mendoza, Kathlen; Mame, Neil title: On the k-restricted Intersection Graph date: 2024 words: 12000 flesch: 83 summary: Furthermore, if k = 0 or ⌊ n 2 ⌋ < k ≤ n, GS(n,k) is a [( n k ) If 1 ≤ k ≤ ⌊ n 2 ⌋ , then ⌊ n 2 ⌋ ≤ n− k. This implies that k ≤ n− k so |S(n−k,k)| = ( n−k k ) . keywords: graph; gs(n cache: ejpam-5240.pdf plain text: ejpam-5240.txt item: #1066 of 2048 id: ejpam-5241 author: Adolfo, Niña Jeane; Aniversario, Imelda; Jamil, Ferdinand title: Closed Geodetic Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2024 words: 9359 flesch: 85 summary: If G = K2, then we are done. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Closed geodetic cover, hop dominating set, geodetic hop dominating set, closed geodetic hop dominating set, closed geodetic hop domination number, join, corona, edge corona ∗Corresponding author. keywords: dominating; dominating set; hop; hop dominating; set cache: ejpam-5241.pdf plain text: ejpam-5241.txt item: #1067 of 2048 id: ejpam-5245 author: Alabbad, Fatimah title: Decomposition of the Unitary Representation of $SL_{2}(\mathbb{R})$ on the Upper Half Plane into Irreducible Components date: 2024 words: 4492 flesch: 81 summary: It is less known that there are related actions of SL2(R) on dual and double numbers which have the form z = x+ ιy, ι2 = 0 or ι2 = 1, correspondingly. A generic cycle [9], § 4.2 is the set of points (u, v) ∈ R2 defined for all values of σ by the equation k(u2 − σv2)− 2lu− 2nv +m = 0. (1) This equation is represented by a point (k, l, n,m) from a projective space P3, since for a scaling factor λ ̸= 0, the point (λk, λl, λn, λm) defines an equation equivalent to (1). keywords: formula; representation; transform cache: ejpam-5245.pdf plain text: ejpam-5245.txt item: #1068 of 2048 id: ejpam-5246 author: Khalil, Manar; Hashim, Ishak ; Rasheed, Maan; Samat, Faieza ; Momani, Shaher title: Numerical Finite-Difference Approximations of a Coupled Reaction-Diffusion System with Gradient Terms date: 2024 words: 7979 flesch: 80 summary: where F (δxU n i , V n i ) = (V n i )p1 − ∣∣∣∣Un i+1 − Un i−1 2h ∣∣∣∣q1 , G (δxV n i , Un i ) = (Un i ) p2 − ∣∣∣∣V n i+1 − V n i−1 2h ∣∣∣∣q2 . − Un i and envi = vni − V n i , where uni = u(xi, tn), v n i = v(xi, tn) and (Un i , V n i ) are a accurate and numerical solutions of a one-dimensional time-dependent coupled system of two PDEs, Consecutively. keywords: blow; numerical; v n; ∥∥e0 cache: ejpam-5246.pdf plain text: ejpam-5246.txt item: #1069 of 2048 id: ejpam-5249 author: Dhivyadharshini, B. ; Senthamarai, R. title: Modeling Rugose Spiraling Whitefly Infestation on Coconut Trees Using Delay Differential Equations: Analysis via HPM date: 2024 words: 9679 flesch: 73 summary: − τ)C(t − τ)−µY, d (X +Y ) dt +ηX = ( l − l(lebt − mbe−µt µ − vane−µt s ) v + l(l − mb µ − van s ) v ) ebt + ( 1 µsv2(µ +b− s)(−s+µ) ( l ( tavnµ 3b+tavnµ 2b2+tavnµbs2 + tmµ 2b2s+ tmb2s3 + avnµs(−s+µ)e(−b+s)τ−t(µ+b) −µ −b +(−µ −b + s) ( − m(e−µt µb2s+ vb2s2(−e−µt − e−µt)+ e−µtav2nµ2b+ e−µtvmµb2s − e−µts2b2 − e−µtvmb2(s2 − vµb2s(−e−µt − e−µt)− e−µtav2nµbs µ ) −b2s(−s+µ) ( µt2 2 − vm2e−2µt 2µ ) + vµa(−nbµ + s(vmw+nb))e−st s − av2mnµb(−s+µ)e−t(µ+s) −µ − s ) keywords: appl; delay; homotopy; method; numerical; perturbation; senthamarai; time cache: ejpam-5249.pdf plain text: ejpam-5249.txt item: #1070 of 2048 id: ejpam-5250 author: Abdul Wahid, Nur Hazwani Aqilah; Tumiran, Adawiyah; Timilehin Gideon Shaba title: Hankel and Toeplitz Determinants of Logarithmic Coefficients of Inverse Functions for the Subclass of Starlike Functions with Respect to Symmetric Conjugate Points date: 2024 words: 4162 flesch: 76 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45, 30C50 Key Words and Phrases: Univalent functions, starlike functions, symmetric conjugate points, exponential function, inverse functions, coefficient estimates, logarithmic inverse coefficients, Han- kel determinant, Toeplitz determinant, subordination 1. Furthermore, a recent study has focused on the Hankel and Toeplitz determinants, which involve the use of logarithmic coefficients, but in the direction of inverse functions for some classes of univalent functions, for instance, [2, 11, 12, 18] may provide further insight into this. keywords: coefficients; functions cache: ejpam-5250.pdf plain text: ejpam-5250.txt item: #1071 of 2048 id: ejpam-5251 author: Catian, Dyjay Bill; Aniversario, Imelda ; Jamil, Ferdinand title: On Minimal Geodetic Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2024 words: 7301 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: minimal geodetic hop dominating set, upper geodetic hop dominating number, 2-path closure absorbing pointwise non-dominating set 1. , xn−1, xn} to be minimal geodetic hop dominating set. keywords: dominating; dominating set; geodetic; hop; set cache: ejpam-5251.pdf plain text: ejpam-5251.txt item: #1072 of 2048 id: ejpam-5253 author: Al-Rehili, Amjad title: Theoretical Foundations of h-Rough Sets date: 2024 words: 5322 flesch: 82 summary: Since we have K ⊆ K ∪ Q and Q ⊆ K ∪ Q. Then Rh(K) ⊆ Rh(K ∪ Q) and Rh(Q) ⊆ Rh(K ∪Q) by (iii) in Proposition 7, then Rh(K ∪Q) ⊇ Rh(K) ∪Rh(Q). Additionally, K is open iff K = K◦. keywords: rh(k cache: ejpam-5253.pdf plain text: ejpam-5253.txt item: #1073 of 2048 id: ejpam-5255 author: Almuhaimeed, Areej; Alshehri, Halimah title: Bipolar Fuzzy Commutative Ideals in BCK-algebras date: 2024 words: 3608 flesch: 84 summary: ≥ ϱ+(a ∗ g) ϱ−(a ∗ (g ∗ (g ∗ a))) ≤ ϱ−(a ∗ g) (3) Proof. Applying (1), ϱ+(a ∗ (g ∗ (g ∗ a))) ≥ min {ϱ+((a ∗ g) ∗ w), ϱ+(w)}, ϱ−(a ∗ (g ∗ (g ∗ a))) keywords: fuzzy; ∗ g; ∗ w cache: ejpam-5255.pdf plain text: ejpam-5255.txt item: #1074 of 2048 id: ejpam-5257 author: Ahmed, Ashfar ; Kummari, Krishna ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Shukla, Rahul title: Two-Warehouse Inventory Model: Interval Valued Costs, Advanced Payment, Stock-Dependent Demand, and Partial Backlogging date: 2024 words: 6717 flesch: 68 summary: A great deal of inventory costs are typically unpredictable because of the unpredictabil- ity of a competitive market. Below is a summary of the major contributions: • Inventory costs like ordering cost, holding cost, purchasing cost, shortage cost, de- terioration cost and capital cost are interval valued. keywords: cost; inventory; model; time cache: ejpam-5257.pdf plain text: ejpam-5257.txt item: #1075 of 2048 id: ejpam-5258 author: Alotaibi, Abdulaziz Mutlaq ; Aljamal, Khaled Mustafa title: Exploring the Associated Groups of Quasi-Free Groups date: 2024 words: 3149 flesch: 89 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16U60, 20C05, 16S34, 20E06 Key Words and Phrases: Free groups, cyclic groups, quasi-free group, free product of groups and associated groups. In this paper we show that for every group G there exists a group denoted H(G) and is called the associated group of G satisfying some important properties that as application we show that if F is a quasi-free group and G is any group, then H(F )is trivial and H(F ∗ G) ≊ H(G), where a group is termed a quasi-free group if it is a free product of cyclic groups of any order. keywords: group cache: ejpam-5258.pdf plain text: ejpam-5258.txt item: #1076 of 2048 id: ejpam-5259 author: Ahmed, Sarah ; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Darus, Maslina title: A Specific Class of Harmonic Meromorphic Functions Associated with the Mittag-Leffler Transformation date: 2024 words: 4625 flesch: 80 summary: This article uses the Mittag-Leffler transformation to explore a specific category of harmonic meromorphic functions. The main focus of this study is on harmonic meromorphic functions that can be represented by the Mittag- Leffler transformation. keywords: functions; µ=1 cache: ejpam-5259.pdf plain text: ejpam-5259.txt item: #1077 of 2048 id: ejpam-5262 author: Angga Wijaya; Intan Muchtadi Alamsyah; Aleams Barra title: Threshold Changeable Secret Sharing (TCSS) via Skew Polynomials date: 2024 words: 3613 flesch: 72 summary: Consequently, secret sharing schemes involve two primary stages: share generation and secret reconstruction. Secret sharing schemes and noncommutative polynomial interpolation. keywords: polynomials; secret; sharing; skew cache: ejpam-5262.pdf plain text: ejpam-5262.txt item: #1078 of 2048 id: ejpam-5263 author: Adam, Adam; Rante, Steven ; Gunawan, Hendra title: On Inner Products Derived from the Standard n-Inner Product on an Inner Product Space date: 2024 words: 3759 flesch: 90 summary: In this paper, we study relations between inner products derived from the standard n-inner product defined on an inner product space. Inner product on n-inner product spaces. keywords: product cache: ejpam-5263.pdf plain text: ejpam-5263.txt item: #1079 of 2048 id: ejpam-5268 author: Majid, Nassar Aiman ; AL. Jumaili, Alaa; Ng , Zhen Chuan Ng ; Lee, See Keong Lee title: Enhanced Results in Common and Coincidence FixedPoint Theory with Applications to Simulation Mappings date: 2024 words: 6398 flesch: 78 summary: Again, due to the triangle inequality yields∣∣S ( Txsk+1−1,Txsk+1−1,Txsk ) − S (Txsk ,Txsk ,Txsk+1) ∣∣ ≤ S ( Txsk+1−1,Txsk+1−1,Txsk+1 ) . − S ( Txsk−1,Txsk−1,Txsk+1−1 )∣∣ ≤ S ( Txsk+1 ,Txsk+1 ,Txsk+1−1 ) . keywords: point cache: ejpam-5268.pdf plain text: ejpam-5268.txt item: #1080 of 2048 id: ejpam-5274 author: Cruz, Jayhan; Malacas, Gina; Canoy, Sergio Jr. title: Polynomial Representation and Degree Sequence of Graphs Resulting from Some Graph Operations date: 2024 words: 4029 flesch: 88 summary: A simple proof of the erdös-gallai theorem on graph sequences. Let G and H be non-trivial connected graphs. keywords: graph cache: ejpam-5274.pdf plain text: ejpam-5274.txt item: #1081 of 2048 id: ejpam-5275 author: Lee, Si Hyeon; Chen, Li ; Kim, Wonjoo title: Probabilistic Type 2 poly-Bernoulli Polynomials date: 2024 words: 3583 flesch: 83 summary: Based on these new definition, we derive some meaningful formulae of probabilistic type 2 poly-Bernoulli polynomials and prob- abilistic unipoly-Bernoulli polynomials and numbers attached to p. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B68 Key Words and Phrases: Bernoulli polynomials, Stirling numbers, Probabilistic type 2 poly- Bernoulli polynomials, Probabilistic unipoly-Bernoulli polynomials. Probabilistic degenerate bell polynomials associated with random variables. keywords: kim cache: ejpam-5275.pdf plain text: ejpam-5275.txt item: #1082 of 2048 id: ejpam-5278 author: Almutairi, Ameerah; Altaf, Bothinah title: A Structural Equation Modeling of the Impact of Teacher Self-Efficacy on Teachers' Teaching Practice in Saudi Arabia: Evidence from TALIS 2018 date: 2024 words: 11079 flesch: 57 summary: He found that there is a significant relationship between teacher efficacy and teacher teaching practices. The confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation modeling were implemented using Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS 26) software to confirm the EFA and to model the relationship between teacher efficacy and teacher teaching practices respectively. keywords: classroom; data; education; efficacy; equation; management; model; modeling; practice; relationship; research; self; sem; students; t t; talis; teacher; teacher self; teaching cache: ejpam-5278.pdf plain text: ejpam-5278.txt item: #1083 of 2048 id: ejpam-5279 author: Ahsanullah, TMG; Al Thukair, Fawzi title: On the Characterizations of Approach Groups date: 2024 words: 8004 flesch: 87 summary: × G =< {F × G|F ∈ F, G ∈ G} >, i.e., we have {F ×G|F ∈ F, G ∈ G} as a basis for F×G. For F,G ∈ F(X) Noting that m (F ×G) = {xy|x ∈ F, y ∈ G} = F ⊙G, we have {F ⊙G|F ∈ F, G ∈ G} as a basis for F⊙G. Similarly, we find {F−1|F ∈ F} as a basis for F−1, where F−1 = {x−1|x ∈ F}. keywords: approach; f(x; group cache: ejpam-5279.pdf plain text: ejpam-5279.txt item: #1084 of 2048 id: ejpam-5280 author: Syam, Muhammed I. ; sharadga, Mwaffag; Hashim, Ishak title: A Numerical Method for Investigating Fractionali Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential Model date: 2024 words: 5686 flesch: 77 summary: tr = jr, j ∈ 0, 1, 2, ...,M − 1, r = 1 M . i < l ≤ M − 1 0, 0 ≤ l < i ≤ M − 1 . keywords: i=0; m−1∑ cache: ejpam-5280.pdf plain text: ejpam-5280.txt item: #1085 of 2048 id: ejpam-5281 author: Bajrami, Elver title: Riesz Inequality for Harmonic Quasiregular Mappings date: 2024 words: 2189 flesch: 83 summary: In this paper, we generalize the Riesz theorem for harmonic quasiregular mappings for a special case (when p = 2) in the unit disc. Conclusion In this paper we generalize the Riesz theorem for harmonic quasiregular mappings for a special case in the unit disc. keywords: quasiregular; theorem cache: ejpam-5281.pdf plain text: ejpam-5281.txt item: #1086 of 2048 id: ejpam-5288 author: Kim, Dae San ; Kim, Taekyun; Kim, Hyekyung ; Kwon, Jongkyum title: Some Identities on  λ-Analogues of Lah Numbers and Lah-Bell Polynomials date: 2024 words: 5691 flesch: 84 summary: (48) Replacing t by 1 λ(1− e−λt) in (42) and using (9), we get 1 k! 1 λk ( eλt − 1 )k ert = ∞∑ m=k Lr,λ(m, k) 1 m! ( e−λt − 1 −λ )m (49) = ∞∑ m=k Lr,λ(m, k) ∞∑ n=m { n m } −λ tn n! J. Kwon et al. / Eur. keywords: k=0; numbers; λ(x cache: ejpam-5288.pdf plain text: ejpam-5288.txt item: #1087 of 2048 id: ejpam-5290 author: Badri, Ghada title: Infinitesimal Rigidity Analysis of a Bar-Joint Framework With Connected Braced Triangles date: 2024 words: 4556 flesch: 72 summary: − p8, u6⟩+ ⟨p8 − p6, u7⟩ = 0 (px6 − px8)u x 6 + (py6 − py8)u y 6 + (px8 − px6)u x 8 + (py8 − py6)u y 8 = 0 ux8 = ux6 The argument above, together with the appropriate substitutions we can identify the non trivial infinitesimal flex u = (u1, u2, . . . ⟨p6 − p8, u6⟩+ ⟨p8 − p6, u8⟩ = 0 (px6 − px8)u x 6 + (py6 − py8)u y 6 + (px8 − px6)u x 8 + (py8 − py6)u y 8 = 0 ux6 = ux8 Finally, applying the flex condition to the edge [p5, p6]: ⟨p5 − p6, u5⟩+ ⟨p6 − p5, u6⟩ keywords: bar; edge; flex; framework; rigidity; velocity cache: ejpam-5290.pdf plain text: ejpam-5290.txt item: #1088 of 2048 id: ejpam-5293 author: Laureano, Rosário D. title: From Anosov Closing Lemma to Global Data of Cohomological Nature date: 2024 words: 5639 flesch: 67 summary: Analytic regularity of solutions of livsic cohomology equations and some applications to analytic conjugacy of hyperbolic dynamical systems. Such equations also arise naturally in celestial Mechanics and statistical mechanics (see, for instance, [2]). keywords: hyperbolic; theorem cache: ejpam-5293.pdf plain text: ejpam-5293.txt item: #1089 of 2048 id: ejpam-5295 author: Abbas, waseem ; Chudhary, Faryal ; Farooq, Umar; Azeem, Muhammad ; Shang, Yilun title: Investigating Metric Dimension and Edge Metric Dimension of Hexagonal Boron Nitride and Carbon Nanotubes date: 2024 words: 5921 flesch: 81 summary: Hexagonal boron nitride graph 3× 3 • Case 1. Hexagonal boron nitride graph 3× 3 U. Farooq et al. / Eur. keywords: emd; graph; metric; vertices cache: ejpam-5295.pdf plain text: ejpam-5295.txt item: #1090 of 2048 id: ejpam-5300 author: Boonsomchua, Perawit title: Generalizing the Equal Incircles Theorem: Insights from Sangaku Problems date: 2024 words: 3608 flesch: 64 summary: Corollary 3 (Area minimum on bisecting triangle angle scenario) Consider a triangle △AB1C1 with vertices A, B1, and C1. Sangaku problems are traditional Japanese geometrical puzzles, often displayed in reli- gious temples, that have intrigued mathematicians for centuries. keywords: circles; sangaku; tan; triangle cache: ejpam-5300.pdf plain text: ejpam-5300.txt item: #1091 of 2048 id: ejpam-5303 author: Rexhëbeqaj Hamiti, Valdete ; Makolli, Shkumbin title: Some Properties of (M,k)-quasi Paranormal Operators on Hilbert Spaces date: 2024 words: 3225 flesch: 79 summary: If S ∈ L(H) is unitarily equivalent to operator T, then S is a (M,k)−quasi paranormal operator. If T ∈ L(H) is a regular (M,k)−quasi paranormal operator, then the ap- proximate point spectrum of operator T lies in the disc σa(T ) ⊆ {λ ∈ C : 1√ M∥T−k−1∥ · √ ∥T k+1∥ · ∥T k−1∥ ≤ |λ| ≤ ∥T∥}. keywords: k)−quasi; operator; paranormal cache: ejpam-5303.pdf plain text: ejpam-5303.txt item: #1092 of 2048 id: ejpam-5304 author: Joshi, Vaishali Manish; Dar, Javid title: Some Results On Mathai-Haubold Fuzzy Entropy date: 2024 words: 3796 flesch: 81 summary: In recent years, many researchers [3],[4],[7],[11],[1],[8] etc. have studied and introduced several generalizations of fuzzy entropy measures. Hence all the four properties of fuzzy entropy measure are satisfied by Mα(B). keywords: 2−α; entropy; fuzzy; set; ηb(xi cache: ejpam-5304.pdf plain text: ejpam-5304.txt item: #1093 of 2048 id: ejpam-5305 author: Saengsura, Kittisak; Poomsa-ard, Tiang title: Graceful Labeling of Some Spider Graphs date: 2025 words: 4209 flesch: 94 summary: A systematic presentation of diverse applications of graph labeling is presented in [2]. A graceful labeling of a tree is a special kind of labeling graph, i.e., a graceful label- ing f of a tree T is a bijective function from the set of vertices V (T ) of T to the set {0, 1, 2, . . . keywords: labeling; spider cache: ejpam-5305.pdf plain text: ejpam-5305.txt item: #1094 of 2048 id: ejpam-5309 author: Nakkhasen, Warud; Yangnok, Onnalin; Chaidet, Kewarin; Jantanan, Wichayaporn title: The Connections of Strongest Fuzzy Γ-ideals on Ternary Γ-semigroups date: 2024 words: 4920 flesch: 87 summary: Let T = {a, b, c} and Γ = T . Let T = {a, b, c} and Γ = T . keywords: ideal; ternary cache: ejpam-5309.pdf plain text: ejpam-5309.txt item: #1095 of 2048 id: ejpam-5313 author: Karkar, Sejal; Pandya, D.D.; Sonchhatra, S.G.; Maheta, P.D.; Rathod, H.M.; Bhanderi, S.D. title: Study on Even Sum Domination Number of Some Graphs date: 2024 words: 4077 flesch: 79 summary: Introduction We consider simple, finite, connected and undirected graph G with vertex set V (G) and edge set E(G). If v is not even sum dominated by any vertex of S −{u} but even sum dominated by any vertex of S, then vertex v has only one even sum neighbor u in S, that is Nes(v)∩S = {u}. keywords: dominating; set; sum; vertex cache: ejpam-5313.pdf plain text: ejpam-5313.txt item: #1096 of 2048 id: ejpam-5314 author: Amourah, Ala; Jarwan, Dunia ; Salah, Jamal; Mohammed, M. J.; Meqdad, S. A. ; Anakira, Nidal title: Euler Polynomials and Bi-univalent Functions date: 2024 words: 3228 flesch: 81 summary: Our aim is to construct a new and comprehensive subclass of bi-univalent functions. Coefficient bounds and fekete-szegö problem for qualitative subclass of bi-univalent functions. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-5314.pdf plain text: ejpam-5314.txt item: #1097 of 2048 id: ejpam-5317 author: Edris Rawashdeh; Heba Adel Abdelkarim; Eman Rawshdeh title: The Spectrum of a Certain Large Block Matrix date: 2024 words: 4978 flesch: 87 summary: = d∗k+1 = −d∗k+1) for all k = 1, 2, . . = d∗k+1 = −d∗k+1) for all k = 1, 2, . . keywords: equation; matrix cache: ejpam-5317.pdf plain text: ejpam-5317.txt item: #1098 of 2048 id: ejpam-5318 author: Sinkala, Winter; Kakuli, Molahlehi Charles title: On the Limited Role of Conservation Laws in the Double Reduction Routine for Partial Differential Equations date: 2024 words: 3849 flesch: 69 summary: (41) These symmetries have an associated nontrivial conservation law Dt(ϕ t) + Dx(ϕ x) = 0, where ϕt = u3 3 , ϕx = u2t − u2tx The PDE [7] uxxxx − utxx − nenuuxx + utt − n2enuu2x − 1 x4 = 0 (28) W. Sinkala, M.C. Kakuli / Eur. keywords: canonical; conservation; variables cache: ejpam-5318.pdf plain text: ejpam-5318.txt item: #1099 of 2048 id: ejpam-5320 author: Khampakdee, Jeeranunt ; Sompong, Supannee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: $c$-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2024 words: 4326 flesch: 73 summary: In particular, F−(y) = {x ∈ X | y ∈ F (x)} for each point y ∈ Y . For a multifunction F : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2), the following properties are equivalent: (1) F is upper c-(τ1, τ2)-continuous at x ∈ X; (2) x ∈ τ1τ2-Int(F +(V )) for each σ1σ2-open set V of Y containing F (x) and having σ1σ2-compact complement; (3) x ∈ F−(σ1σ2-Cl(B)) for each subset B of Y having the σ1σ2-compact σ1σ2-closure such that x ∈ τ1τ2-Cl(F −(B)); (4) x ∈ τ1τ2-Int(F +(B)) for each subset B of Y such that Y − σ1σ2-Int(B) is σ1σ2- compact and x ∈ F+(σ1σ2-Int(B)). keywords: open; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5320.pdf plain text: ejpam-5320.txt item: #1100 of 2048 id: ejpam-5321 author: Viriyapong, Chokchai ; Sompong, Supannee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Slight $\alpha(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity date: 2024 words: 5426 flesch: 74 summary: In particular, F−(y) = {x ∈ X | y ∈ F (x)} for each point y ∈ Y . European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 15(3):300–309, 2022. keywords: set; α(τ1 cache: ejpam-5321.pdf plain text: ejpam-5321.txt item: #1101 of 2048 id: ejpam-5322 author: Viriyapong, Nongluk ; Sompong, Supannee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and lower $s$-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)p$-continuous multifunctions date: 2024 words: 4030 flesch: 71 summary: A multifunction F : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is said to be upper s-(τ1, τ2)p- continuous if for x ∈ X and each σ1σ2-open set V of Y containing F (x) and having σ1σ2-connected complement, there exists a (τ1, τ2)p-open set U of X containing x such that F (U) ⊆ V . For a multifunction F : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2), the following properties are equivalent: (1) F is upper s-(τ1, τ2)p-continuous; (2) F+(V ) is (τ1, τ2)p-open in X for every σ1σ2-open set V of Y having σ1σ2-connected complement; N. Viriyapong, S. Sompong, C. Boonpok / Eur. keywords: σ1σ2; τ2)p cache: ejpam-5322.pdf plain text: ejpam-5322.txt item: #1102 of 2048 id: ejpam-5323 author: Koszegyova, Lucia; Csókási, Evelin; Hirjak, Juraj title: Structure of Primitive Pythagorean Triples in Generating Trees date: 2024 words: 5773 flesch: 85 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11D09, 11A41, 11C99 Key Words and Phrases: Primitive Pythagorean triples, Berggren’s tree, Price’s tree, Euclid’s formula 1. To use primitive pythagorean triples, we need to understand them and their generating better. keywords: pythagorean; triple cache: ejpam-5323.pdf plain text: ejpam-5323.txt item: #1103 of 2048 id: ejpam-5324 author: Khalifa, Tarek; Ali, Nawaf; Rafaqat, Muhammad ; Aftab, Muhammad Haroon; Kanj, Hassan; Alakkoumi, Mouhammad; Jebreen, Kamel title: Topological Characterization for Triangular, Regular Triangular Oxides and Silicates Networks date: 2024 words: 6062 flesch: 75 summary: = 3 2 a2b4 + 3 4 (r − 1)a4b4 + (r − 2)a4b6 + ((r − 3)2 + (r − 3)) 4 a6b6 SaSb(f(a, b)) Zagreb indices and multiplicative zagreb indices of eulerian graphs. keywords: aftab; b=1; index; triangular; zagreb cache: ejpam-5324.pdf plain text: ejpam-5324.txt item: #1104 of 2048 id: ejpam-5327 author: Akuchu, Besheng George; Ezeafulukwe, Uzoamaka; Aphane, Maggie; Ugwunnadi, Godwin; Asanya, Chukwuebuka Malachi title: Double Inertial Krasnosel'skii-Mann-Type Method for Approximating Fixed Point of Nonexpansive Mappings date: 2024 words: 6220 flesch: 73 summary: − bn||2 ≤ αn(1− αn)||T cn − bn||2 ≤ [||an − p||2 − ||an+1 − p||2] +[||an−1 − p||2 − ||an − p||2]. [ ∥an − p∥2 + tn(∥an−1 − p∥2 − ∥an − p∥2) −tn(1− tn)∥an − an−1∥2 ] +αn [ ∥an − p∥2 + rn(∥an−1 − p∥2 − ∥an − p∥2) −rn(1− rn)∥an − an−1∥2∥2 ] − αn(1− αn)||T cn − bn||2. keywords: algorithm; inertial; nonexpansive; p||2 cache: ejpam-5327.pdf plain text: ejpam-5327.txt item: #1105 of 2048 id: ejpam-5328 author: Wunderli, Thomas title: On $L^{\infty }$ and $L^{2}$ Bounds for Weak Solutions of Time Flowsfor Certain Functionals of Linear Growth date: 2024 words: 3497 flesch: 80 summary: × Ω ∂u ∂n = 0 on [0, T ]× ∂Ω u(0, x) = uδ0(x) for x ∈ Ω, uδ0 ∈ BV (Ω) ∩ C∞ ( Ω ) . (2) In fact, we show the weak solution to (2) satisfies u ∈ L∞ ([0,∞);BV (Ω) ∩ L∞ (Ω)), ut ∈ L2 ((0,∞)× Ω). keywords: φ(x cache: ejpam-5328.pdf plain text: ejpam-5328.txt item: #1106 of 2048 id: ejpam-5330 author: Alqurashi, Wafa ; Taha, Islam title: On Fuzzy Soft α-open Sets, α-continuity, andα-compactness: Some Novel Results date: 2024 words: 9343 flesch: 91 summary: The concept of fuzzy soft sets was defined by Maji et al. A new approach to studying separation and regularity axioms via fuzzy soft sets was introduced by the author of [29, 31] based on the paper by Aygünoǧlu et al. keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-5330.pdf plain text: ejpam-5330.txt item: #1107 of 2048 id: ejpam-5332 author: Samson, Harold; Aniversario, Imelda S. ; Luga, Mary Joy F. title: Convex Accessibility Number of the Complements and Some Binary Operations of Graphs date: 2024 words: 3692 flesch: 77 summary: The distance between ver- tices (u, v) and (u′, v′) in the Strong product G ⊠ H is equal to dG⊠H((u, v), (u′, v′)) A set C ∈ V (G ⊠ H) is a convex set in G ⊠ H if and only if C = CG ⊠ CH , where CG and CH are convex sets in G and H respectively. Proof. keywords: convex cache: ejpam-5332.pdf plain text: ejpam-5332.txt item: #1108 of 2048 id: ejpam-5335 author: Prachanpol, Chatchadaporn ; Boonpok, Chawalit; Viriyapong, Chokchai title: $\delta(\tau_{1},\tau_{2})$-Continuous Functions date: 2024 words: 5651 flesch: 85 summary: For a subset A of a bitopological space (X, τ1, τ2), the following properties hold: (1) δ(τ1, τ2)-Int(X −A) = X − δ(τ1, τ2)-Cl(A). (2) δ(τ1, τ2)-Cl(X −A) = X − δ(τ1, τ2)-Int(A). keywords: open; set; δ(τ1; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-5335.pdf plain text: ejpam-5335.txt item: #1109 of 2048 id: ejpam-5336 author: AbuGhneim, Omar A.; Abughazaleh, Baha' title: Prime Labeling of Union of Some Graphs date: 2024 words: 3541 flesch: 92 summary: For more details about prime graphs see for example [2], [5], [6], [10]. On prime graphs. keywords: c2n; prime cache: ejpam-5336.pdf plain text: ejpam-5336.txt item: #1110 of 2048 id: ejpam-5339 author: Ismail, Gamal; Moatimid, Galal; Yamani, Mohammed title: Periodic Solutions of Strongly Nonlinear Oscillators Using He’s Frequency Formulation date: 2024 words: 5850 flesch: 60 summary: The simplified HFF of nonlinear oscillators was presented and demonstrated [2]. It can be utilized for studying various categories of nonlinear oscillators. keywords: frequency; g. m.; m. moatimid; nonlinear; npa; stability cache: ejpam-5339.pdf plain text: ejpam-5339.txt item: #1111 of 2048 id: ejpam-5341 author: Khalil, Roshdi Rashid; Yousef, Abdelrahman ; Alshanti, Waseem; Abu Hammad, Ma'mon title: Every Uniquely Remotal Set in a Hilbert Space is aSingleton date: 2024 words: 1557 flesch: 82 summary: Remotal sets in vector valued function spaces. Remotal points and krein-milman type theorem. keywords: set cache: ejpam-5341.pdf plain text: ejpam-5341.txt item: #1112 of 2048 id: ejpam-5342 author: Nanding, Sandra; Rara, Helen M. ; Aniversaro, Imelda S. title: Connected Co-Independent Hop Domination in the Edge Corona and Complementary Prism of Graphs date: 2024 words: 5149 flesch: 83 summary: Figure 4: Connected co-independent hop dominating set of P6P 6 and C4C4 Acknowledgements The authors would like to express their gratitude to the anonymous reviewers of this study and the editors of this journal, for their efforts in reviewing this publication. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Strictly co-independent set, connected co-independent hop dominating set, connected co-independent hop domination number, edge corona, complementary prism 1. keywords: set cache: ejpam-5342.pdf plain text: ejpam-5342.txt item: #1113 of 2048 id: ejpam-5344 author: Macodi, Amila; Dorig, Archie G. title: On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Implicative Hyper GR-ideals date: 2024 words: 4998 flesch: 77 summary: are fuzzy implicative ideals of H. Consequently by Theorem 1, I = (µ A(I) )t1 is an implicative hyper GR-ideal of H. References [1] K Atanassov. A = (x⊛ z)⊛ (y ⊛ x) y = 0 y = 1 y = 2 y = 0 y = 1 y = 2 0 0 {0,1} {0,1} {1} {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} 0 1 {0,1} {0,1} {1} {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} 0 2 {0,1} {0,1} {1} {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} 1 0 {1} {0,1} {0,1} {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} 1 1 {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} 1 2 {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} {0,1} 2 0 {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} H H H H 2 1 {0,2} {0,1} {0,1} H H H H 2 2 H {0,1} {0,1} H H H H Table 2: IFGR2 A. Macodi, A. Dorig / Eur. keywords: 0,1; fuzzy; � � cache: ejpam-5344.pdf plain text: ejpam-5344.txt item: #1114 of 2048 id: ejpam-5345 author: Mishra, Nidhish Kumar ; Khan, Mohammad Faisal ; Lone, Showkat Ahmad title: Some New Applications of the Quantum Calculus for New Families of Sigmoid Activation Bi-univalent Functions Connected to Horadam Polynomials date: 2024 words: 7276 flesch: 86 summary: Using this newly defined q-analogous differential operator and Horadam polynomials, we introduce new subclasses of bi-univalent functions in D. An analytic function g ∈ A will be the bi-univalent in D, if both g and g−1 are univalent in D and the family of bi-univalent functions of the form (1) is represented by the symbol Σ. keywords: functions; polynomials; q ψ(s; ψ(s cache: ejpam-5345.pdf plain text: ejpam-5345.txt item: #1115 of 2048 id: ejpam-5347 author: Atoom, Ali; Qoqazeh, Hamza ; M Alholi, Maryam ; ALmuhur, Eman ; Hussein, Eman ; A. Owledat, Anas ; A. Al-Nana, Abeer title: A new Outlook on Omega Closed Functions in Bitopological Spaces and Related Aspects date: 2024 words: 5384 flesch: 79 summary: Consider- ing (G, υ1 , υ2) is pair−paracompact H ˜ has pair−open locally finite parallel refinement de- clare that:Q ˜ = {QD : D ∈ Ω1 } ⋃ {Q∗ D : D ∈ Ω2 }, where {QD : D ∈ Ω1 } is υ1-locally fi- nite paracompact of Hg,and {Q∗ D : D ∈ Ω2} is υ2-locally finite paracompact of H \ g , Ω = Ω1 ⋃ Ω2.Let L1 = {Υ−1(QD) Let (D,κ1 , κ2), (G, υ1 , υ2) be any bitopological spaces,(D,κ1 , κ2) be a pair−Lindel .. of space and (G, υ1 , υ2) be a P̋−space then the projection function π : (D ×G, κ1 × υ1 , κ2 × υ2) keywords: space cache: ejpam-5347.pdf plain text: ejpam-5347.txt item: #1116 of 2048 id: ejpam-5351 author: Otera, Daniele title: An Outreach Note on the Poincare  Conjecture for Non-specialists date: 2024 words: 4277 flesch: 61 summary: Indeed, also real world mechanics or physics force us to move from dimension 2 to dimensions 3, 4 or higher. Whereas in the DIFF category (i.e. for differential manifolds) it is true in dimensions 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6, it is still open in dimension 4, whereas in the other cases it is generally false. keywords: conjecture; curvature; dimension; manifold; point; sphere; surface cache: ejpam-5351.pdf plain text: ejpam-5351.txt item: #1117 of 2048 id: ejpam-5353 author: Shabana, Hanan; El-Shanawany, Ramadan ; Halawa, Sahar title: Orthogonal Decompositions of Regular Graphs and Designing Tree-Hamming Codes date: 2024 words: 9768 flesch: 86 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3492-3516 3493 V (X), E(X) for the vertex set and edge set of the graph X respectively, Pk for a path of k vertices, mG for m disjoint copies of G, and G∪H for disjoint union of graphs G and H. Let G1 = {G1, G2, · · · , Gk} and G2 = {F1, F2, · · · , Fk} be two distinct edge decompositions of H by G such that for each i ∈ {1, 2, · · · k} , Gi ≊ G ≊ Fi. The incidence matrix L = L (s, t) for such ODC G ={Gi a; a ∈ Zn, i ∈ {1, 2}} is a 2n× n2 binary matrix showing the relation between the edges of Kn,n and the the members of G such that every row in L corresponds to a unique graph in G and every column in L corresponds to a unique edge in Kn,n. Let the edge (α0, β1) ∈ E (Kn,n) . keywords: base; odc; v(g cache: ejpam-5353.pdf plain text: ejpam-5353.txt item: #1118 of 2048 id: ejpam-5354 author: Omar, Dlovan Haji ; Ibrahim, Alaa Luqman; Hassan, Masoud Muhammed; Fathi, Bayda Ghanim; Sulaiman, Diman Abdulqader title: Enhanced Conjugate Gradient Method for Unconstrained Optimization and its Application in Neural Networks date: 2024 words: 4551 flesch: 70 summary: Modified conjugate gradient method for training neural networks based on logistic mapping. Convergence properties of nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. keywords: conjugate; gradient; math; method; new; optimization; problems cache: ejpam-5354.pdf plain text: ejpam-5354.txt item: #1119 of 2048 id: ejpam-5360 author: V, Malathy; Desikan, Kalyani title: Bounds on Spectral Radius and Signless Laplacian Spectral Radius for Generalized Core-satellite Graphs date: 2025 words: 6697 flesch: 82 summary: Core–satellite graphs: Clustering, assortativity and spectral properties. In this graph G, consider the vertex v taken from satellite graph Sk, since dαk = max(dαi), for i = 1, 2, ..., k. keywords: core; graph; i=1 cache: ejpam-5360.pdf plain text: ejpam-5360.txt item: #1120 of 2048 id: ejpam-5362 author: Nxumalo, Mbekezeli title: On the Category of (i,j)-Baire Bilocales date: 2025 words: 8654 flesch: 86 summary: n ∈ N} be a collection of i-dense j-open sublocales. (⇐=): Let {Un : n ∈ N} be a collection of τi-dense τj-open subsets of X. Then {o(Un) : n ∈ N} is a collection of i-dense j-open sublocales of τ1 ∨ τ2. keywords: dense; n∈n cache: ejpam-5362.pdf plain text: ejpam-5362.txt item: #1121 of 2048 id: ejpam-5363 author: Adel, Mohamed; Khader, M.; Assiri, T. A. title: Comparative Analysis of Modified Admoian Decomposition Method and Homotopy Perturbation Mohand Transform Method for Solving Burger’s Equations date: 2024 words: 5057 flesch: 66 summary: DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v17i4.5363 Email addresses: m.adel@iu.edu.sa and adel@sci.cu.edu.eg (M. Adel), mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), taassiri@uqu.edu.sa (T. A. Assiri) https://www.ejpam.com 2812 (CC BY-NC 4.0) M. Adel, M. M. Khader, T. A. Assiri / Eur. keywords: equations; method; solution cache: ejpam-5363.pdf plain text: ejpam-5363.txt item: #1122 of 2048 id: ejpam-5364 author: Manickam, Machasri; Desikan, Kalyani title: Relationship Between the Second Largest Adjacency and Signless Laplacian Eigenvalues of Graphs and Properties of Planar Graphs date: 2024 words: 5973 flesch: 78 summary: Graph skewness, graph thickness, and graph crossing number are a few metrics that describe how much a graph deviates from planarity. Particularly in computational biol- ogy, graph thickness can aid in the analysis of biological networks, such as protein-protein interaction networks. keywords: graph; number; theorem cache: ejpam-5364.pdf plain text: ejpam-5364.txt item: #1123 of 2048 id: ejpam-5366 author: Khader, Mohamed title: Using Modified Fractional Euler Formula for Solving the Fractional Smoking Model date: 2024 words: 4094 flesch: 69 summary: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v17i4.5366 Email address: mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader) https://www.ejpam.com 2676 M. M. Khader / Eur. keywords: fractional; math; method; model; numerical; smoking cache: ejpam-5366.pdf plain text: ejpam-5366.txt item: #1124 of 2048 id: ejpam-5369 author: Özkoç, Murad; Şaşmaz, Pınar title: On a New Operator Based on a Primal and its Associated Topology date: 2024 words: 4681 flesch: 91 summary: Let x ∈ A⋄ ω(X,σ,P) and τ ⊆ σ. x ∈ A⋄ ω(X,σ,P) ⇒ (∀U ∈ ωOσ(X,x))(U c ∪Ac ∈ P) τ ⊆ σ } ⇒ ⇒ (∀U ∈ ωOτ (X,x))(U c ∪Ac ∈ P) ⇒ x ∈ A⋄ ω(X, τ,P). P is a primal on X } ⇒ Ac ∈ P keywords: primal cache: ejpam-5369.pdf plain text: ejpam-5369.txt item: #1125 of 2048 id: ejpam-5371 author: Kakuli, Molahlehi Charles; Sinkala, Winter; Masemola, Phetogo title: Conservation Laws and Symmetry Multi-Reductions of Two (2 + 1)-Dimensional Equations: The Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) Equation and a Nonlinear Wave Equation date: 2025 words: 8112 flesch: 72 summary: We obtain four nontrivial conserved vectors T1 = ( T t 1, T x 1 , T y 1 ) , T2 = ( T t 2, T x 2 , T y 2 ) , T3 = ( T t 3, T x 3 , T y 3 ) , T4 = ( T t 4, T x 4 , T y 4 ) , (4.9) where T t i , T x i , T y i , i = 1, . . . Reduction via X = X5 We obtain the first reduction of the conservation law T4 by writing it in canonical variables determined from writing the associated symmetry X = X5 in the form X = ∂ ∂q . keywords: conservation; equation; reduction; symmetries; symmetry; t r; t t; t y cache: ejpam-5371.pdf plain text: ejpam-5371.txt item: #1126 of 2048 id: ejpam-5372 author: Wolf, Marc; Wolf, François title: Semi-primitive Roots and Irreducible Quadratic Forms date: 2024 words: 8102 flesch: 88 summary: × N∗ we let Px,y := {p ∈ P | p ≡ x Moreover if p ∈ P1,4: g ∈ GS ⇔ g ∈ GQR and ∀q ∈ P ( αq ≥ 1 ⇒ g p−1 2q ̸≡ 1 ) ⇔ ∅ ⊊ Rp (g) ⊂ GZ . keywords: proposition; p−1 cache: ejpam-5372.pdf plain text: ejpam-5372.txt item: #1127 of 2048 id: ejpam-5374 author: Abdul Wahid, Nur Hazwani Aqilah; Amirnuddin, Ilya Qursiah; Mohammad Azmi, Nurul Izzah title: Bounds for Certain Determinants of Logarithmic Coefficients for the Class of Functions with Bounded Turning date: 2024 words: 5040 flesch: 73 summary: [31–33] highlighted the importance of logarithmic coefficients for estimating the Tay- lor coefficients of univalent functions. The findings in this paper could inspire further research into determining upper bounds for Hankel, Toeplitz, and Vandermonde determinants with logarithmic coefficients as entries, particularly within other subclasses of univalent functions, while considering the inverse functions for G(α, δ). keywords: coefficients; functions; hankel; tαδ cache: ejpam-5374.pdf plain text: ejpam-5374.txt item: #1128 of 2048 id: ejpam-5375 author: Romdhini, Mamika Ujianita; Nawawi, Athirah ; Al-Sharqi, Faisal ; ., Salwa title: On Spectrum and Energy of Identity Graph for Groupof Integers Modulo n, Zn date: 2024 words: 5003 flesch: 93 summary: This paper focuses on group structures that can be expressed in graphs known as identity graphs. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C25, 15A18 Key Words and Phrases: Energy of a graph, Identity graph of a group, Zn 1. keywords: graph; γzn cache: ejpam-5375.pdf plain text: ejpam-5375.txt item: #1129 of 2048 id: ejpam-5377 author: Gashi, Menderes title: On the Symmetric Block design with Parameters (220,73,24) Admitting a Group of Order 73 date: 2024 words: 2181 flesch: 71 summary: The full automorphism group for this orbit structure is provided. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05B05 Key Words and Phrases: Symmetric block design, Orbit structure, Automorphism group 1. The determination of the spectrum for symmetric block designs is a widely open problem. keywords: block; design; orbit cache: ejpam-5377.pdf plain text: ejpam-5377.txt item: #1130 of 2048 id: ejpam-5383 author: Sandhiya, Venkatesan ; Nalliah, Moviri Chettiar title: Local Total Antimagic Chromatic Number for the Disjoint Union of Star Graphs date: 2024 words: 5628 flesch: 81 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C78, 05C15 Key Words and Phrases: Local antimagic graphs, chromatic number, total coloring 1. Graph coloring and graph labeling are the significant research areas in graph theory. keywords: antimagic; graph; j ≤; labeling; nalliah cache: ejpam-5383.pdf plain text: ejpam-5383.txt item: #1131 of 2048 id: ejpam-5384 author: Kalampakas, Antonios title: Wardrop Optimal Networks date: 2024 words: 6873 flesch: 77 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 2448-2466 2449 control or coordination because individual users acting in their self-interest do not natu- rally lead to system optimal flows. We achieve this by providing a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for Wardrop optimal flows and using this characterization we investigate the main properties of Wardrop optimal networks. keywords: equilibrium; flow; j(ϕj; network cache: ejpam-5384.pdf plain text: ejpam-5384.txt item: #1132 of 2048 id: ejpam-5385 author: Shaqaqha, Shadi; Al-Deiakeh, Mounther Y. title: On Lie Homomorphisms of Complex IntuitionisticFuzzy Lie Algebras date: 2024 words: 4904 flesch: 72 summary: This result, combined with the insights from Theorem 2, allows us to expand this understanding into the realm of complex intuitionistic fuzzy Lie algebras. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 17B99, 08A72, 03E72 Key Words and Phrases: Lie ideal, Lie algebra homomorphism, fuzzy set, fuzzy Lie subalgebra, intuitionistic fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy Lie subalgebra, homogeneous complex intuitionistic fuzzy Lie subalgebra, complex intuitionistic fuzzy Lie ideal 1. keywords: algebras; fuzzy; lie cache: ejpam-5385.pdf plain text: ejpam-5385.txt item: #1133 of 2048 id: ejpam-5386 author: Tatar, Salih; BenSalah, Mohamed ; Alamil, Maryam title: Simultaneous Identification of the Parameters in the Mathematical Model of Brain Tumor Growth Dynamics Under Treatment date: 2024 words: 8808 flesch: 63 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 2651-2675 2655 Here the inverse problem consists of simultaneously determining the treatment profile k(x, t) and the initial tumor cell density φ, by means of the time-integral measurements of tumor cell density (measured data) defined as follows: ϕ1 := ∫ T 0 ω1(t) c(x, t) dt and ϕ2 := ∫ T 0 ω2(t) c(x, t) dt, x ∈ B, (3) where ω1(t) and ω2(t) denote two distinct weight functions. We note that since time- integral measurements of tumor cell density do not typically reveal time-dependent profiles, we consider the function k(x, t) ∈ L∞(Q) in the following separable form: k(x, t) = α(x)β(t), (4) where α(x) ∈ L∞(B) represents the spatial component of the treatment profile k(x, t) and describes how the treatment efficacy varies across different spatial locations within the brain region. keywords: cell; density; noise; parameter; problem; treatment; tumor cache: ejpam-5386.pdf plain text: ejpam-5386.txt item: #1134 of 2048 id: ejpam-5387 author: Assiri, Tagreed title: Efficient Numerical Solutions for Breast Cancer Model date: 2024 words: 4084 flesch: 64 summary: Additionally, it possesses diverse uses in resolving chaotic systems with fractional orders. Comparison the solution obtained by proposed method and RK4M. REFERENCES 2717 7. Conclusions and remarks This study aims to utilize an efficient and accurate method to gain numerical solutions for the CF-fractional BC mathematical system. keywords: appl; cancer; fractional; math; model; numerical; system cache: ejpam-5387.pdf plain text: ejpam-5387.txt item: #1135 of 2048 id: ejpam-5390 author: Alali, Amal S. ; Nisar, junaid; Rehman, Nadeem; Alnoghashi, Hafedh M. title: Nonlinear Mixed $\lambda$-Jordan Triple Derivation on $\ast$-algebras date: 2024 words: 5175 flesch: 93 summary: For any U, V ∈ A, we write U = U11 + U12 + U21 + U22 and V = V11 + V12 + V21 + V22. Since [U12, P1]∗♢λP2 = 0 and by using Lemma 2.1, we have Π([U12 + V21, P1]∗♢λP2) = Π([U12, P1]∗♢λP2) + Π([V21, P1]∗♢λP2) keywords: u12; ∗ ♢; ♢ λp1; ♢ λp2; ♢ λx12 cache: ejpam-5390.pdf plain text: ejpam-5390.txt item: #1136 of 2048 id: ejpam-5392 author: Hosny, M.; Al-shami, Tareq title: Employing a Generalization of Open Sets Defined by Ideals to Initiate Novel Rough Approximation Spaces with a Chemical Application date: 2024 words: 11430 flesch: 82 summary: 1 Ask the the expert(s) to give a relation L over X; 2 Choose a λ type; 3 for every y ∈ X do 4 compute Gλ(y) 5 end 6 Construct a topology ϑλ = {V ⊆ X : ∀y ∈ V,Gλ(y) ⊆ V } on X; 7 Initiate C1 = {clλ(V ) : V ∈ ϑλ}; 8 Construct a θ-topology ϑθλ = {V ∈ ϑλ : intθλ(V ) Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3436-3463 3452 (i) V is αλ-exact ⇒ V is Sλ-exact ⇒ V is βλ-exact ⇒ δβλ-exact ⇒ V is L-θβλ-exact. (ii) V is Pλ-exact ⇒ V is βλ-exact ⇒ V is δβλ-exact ⇒ V is L-θβλ-exact. (iii) V is αλ-exact ⇒ V is Sλ-exact ⇒ V is βλ-exact ⇒ V is ∧ βλ -exact ⇒ V is L-θβλ- exact. (iv) V is Pλ-exact ⇒ V is βλ-exact ⇒ V is ∧ βλ -exact ⇒ V is L-θβλ-exact. (v) V is λ-exact ⇒ V is L-θβλ-exact. (vi) V is L-θβλ-rough ⇒ V is δβλ-rough ⇒ V is βλ-rough ⇒ V is Sλ-rough ⇒ V is αλ-rough. (vii) V is L-θβλ-rough ⇒ V is δβλ-rough ⇒ V is βλ-rough ⇒ V is Pλ-rough. (viii) V is L-θβλ-rough ⇒ V is ∧ βλ -rough ⇒ V is βλ-rough ⇒ V is Sλ-rough ⇒ V is αλ-rough. (ix) V is L-θβλ-rough ⇒ V is ∧ βλ -rough ⇒ V is βλ-rough ⇒ V is Pλ-rough. (x) V is L-θβλ-rough ⇒ V is λ-rough. keywords: open; rough; sets; θβλ; λ(v cache: ejpam-5392.pdf plain text: ejpam-5392.txt item: #1137 of 2048 id: ejpam-5393 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: $c$-quasi $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous multifunctions date: 2024 words: 4806 flesch: 73 summary: For a multifunction F : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2), the following properties are equivalent: (1) F is upper c-quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous; (2) F+(V ) is (τ1, τ2)s-open in X for every σ1σ2-open set V of Y having σ1σ2-compact complement; (3) F−(K) is (τ1, τ2)s-closed in X for every σ1σ2-compact σ1σ2-closed set K of Y ; (4) τ1τ2-Int(τ1τ2-Cl(F −(B))) A multifunction F : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is upper c-quasi (τ1, τ2)- continuous if F−(K) is (τ1, τ2)s-closed in X for every σ1σ2-compact set K of Y . Proof. keywords: open; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5393.pdf plain text: ejpam-5393.txt item: #1138 of 2048 id: ejpam-5395 author: Srisarakham, Napassanan ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Characterizations of Faintly $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous functions date: 2024 words: 4223 flesch: 75 summary: The relationships between faint (τ1, τ2)-continuity and other forms of (τ1, τ2)-continuity are considered. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C08, 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: (τ1, τ2)θ-open set, (τ1, τ2)θ-closed set, faintly (τ1, τ2)-continuous function 1. keywords: open; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5395.pdf plain text: ejpam-5395.txt item: #1139 of 2048 id: ejpam-5396 author: Alalyani, Ahmad title: On the Solution of the Fractional-Order PneumoniaModel Using Numerical Computational Methods date: 2024 words: 10842 flesch: 75 summary: Therefore, (λ+ µ)(λ+ µ+ η) = 0, (3) or ∣∣∣∣ λ− δωθS0 N +Z1 δθS0 N δω(1−θ)S0 N +π λ− δ(1−θ)S0 N +Z2 ∣∣∣∣ = 0. From Eq. (3), we have λ1 = −(λ+ µ), λ2 = −(λ+ µ+ η), or λ2 + c1λ+ c2 = 0, where c1 = −δωθS0 N + Z1 − δ(1− θ)S0 N + Z2, c2 = −πδθS0 N − δωθZ2S0 N − δ(1− θ)Z1S0 N + Z1Z2, c2 = − − µ− λ −f2 −f3 η f1θ f2θ − Z1 − λ f3θ 0 f1(1− θ) f2(1− θ) + π f3(1− θ)− Z2 keywords: alalyani; appl; differential; eur; fractional; math; mathematical; method; model; n+1; numerical; order; pneumonia; pure; solution cache: ejpam-5396.pdf plain text: ejpam-5396.txt item: #1140 of 2048 id: ejpam-5397 author: Kamal, Bakhan Bahman ; Mustafa, Arkan title: Dynamical Analysis of a Three Species Food-WebModel With Extended Holling Type II Functional Response date: 2025 words: 5917 flesch: 75 summary: − [ r2 X − α2 2T2Z ∗ G2(X,Y ) ] (Y − Y ∗)2 − r3 (X + Y ) (Z − Z∗)2 − [ 2 ( α2 + α1α2T1X ∗ + α2 2T2Y ∗) G2(X,Y ) − [ r2 K − α2 2T2Z ∗ G2 (K1,K2) ] (Y − Y ∗)2 − r3 2K (Z − Z∗)2 − [ 2 ( α2 + α1α2T1X ∗ + α2 2T2Y ∗) G2(X,Y ) keywords: prey; species cache: ejpam-5397.pdf plain text: ejpam-5397.txt item: #1141 of 2048 id: ejpam-5398 author: Alluhydan, Khalid; Moatimid, Galal; Amer, Tarek; Galal, Abdallah title: A Novel Inspection of a Time-Delayed Rolling of a Rigid Rod date: 2024 words: 7258 flesch: 56 summary: Even in nonlinear systems, if the nonlinearities are symmetric, the phase plane curves can remain symmetric. A novel methodology for a time- delayed controller to prevent nonlinear system oscillations. keywords: fig; frequency; galal; journal; moatimid; nonlinear; pure; rod; solution; stability; system; time cache: ejpam-5398.pdf plain text: ejpam-5398.txt item: #1142 of 2048 id: ejpam-540 author: Aouf, Mohamed Kamal; Seoudy, Tamer M. title: Differential Sandwich Theorems of Analytic Functions Defined by Linear Operators date: 2011 words: 5170 flesch: 82 summary: If f , g ∈A satisfy the following subordination condition: � 1+ γ λ � zDn+1 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 + γ λ    zDn+2 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 − 2 z � Dn+1 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �3    ≺ q (z) + γzq ′ (z) , (16) then zDn+1 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 ≺ q (z) and q (z) is the best dominant. Therefore, differentiating (17) logarith- mically with respect to z and using the identity (8) in the resulting equation, we have � 1+ γ λ � zDn+1 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 + γ λ    zDn+2 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 − 2 z � Dn+1 λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �2 � Dn λ ( f ∗ g)(z) �3    = p (z)+γzp ′ (z) , that is, p (z) + γzp ′ (z) ≺ q (z) + γzq ′ (z) . keywords: ℜ �; � dn cache: ejpam-540.pdf plain text: ejpam-540.txt item: #1143 of 2048 id: ejpam-5401 author: Ahmed, Nehmat; Pirbal, Osama title: Plithogenic Crisp Hypersoft Topology date: 2024 words: 8886 flesch: 92 summary: Let (Γ,C, Vψ)PC , (Γ1, C1, Fψ)PC and (Γ2, C2, Hψ)PC be PCHS sets over UP . The intersection of any two PCHS sets in τPC belongs to τPC , (iii) The union of any number of PCHS sets in τPC belongs to τPC . keywords: pchs; v ψ cache: ejpam-5401.pdf plain text: ejpam-5401.txt item: #1144 of 2048 id: ejpam-5403 author: Anantayasethi, Ananya; Kunawat, Tanabat ; Moonnipa, Panuwat title: Relations between G-part and Atoms in Q-algebras date: 2024 words: 4211 flesch: 89 summary: Let b ∈ X such that b /∈ G(X). In this work the concepts of G-part G(X), atoms and strong atoms in Q-algebras are discussed. keywords: a(x; g(x cache: ejpam-5403.pdf plain text: ejpam-5403.txt item: #1145 of 2048 id: ejpam-5404 author: Alzahrani, Salem Mubarak title: Statistical Insights into Stochastic Glucose-InsulinDynamics: Modeling Insulin Degradation with the Michaelis-Menten Function date: 2025 words: 8397 flesch: 60 summary: To address this limitation, stochastic models incorporating randomness have been introduced, offering a more realistic representation of glucose-insulin dynamics in diabetic patients To address this limitation, stochastic models have been introduced, incorpo- rating random perturbations that reflect the unpredictable fluctuations in glucose and insulin levels observed in diabetic patients. keywords: alzahrani; diabetes; dynamics; glucose; iin; insulin; mean; model; noise; stochastic; time cache: ejpam-5404.pdf plain text: ejpam-5404.txt item: #1146 of 2048 id: ejpam-5407 author: Al-Hawary, Tariq ; Massa’deh, Mourad Oqla ; Fallatah, Ahlam omar title: Some Inclusion Properties for Hohlov Operator to be in Comprehensive Subfamilies of Analytic functions date: 2024 words: 4379 flesch: 85 summary: ∞∑ τ=2 (τ − 1) (|ℶ1|)τ−1 (|ℶ2|)τ−1 (ℶ3)τ−1 (1)τ−1 (Υ1)τ−1 (1)τ−1 +(κ2 − κ3(κ1 + κ2) + 1) ∞∑ τ=2 (|ℶ1|)τ−1 (|ℶ2|)τ−1 (ℶ3)τ−1 (1)τ−1 (Υ1)τ−1 (1)τ−1 ≤ (κ2 + 1) |ℶ1ℶ2| (|ℶ1|+ 1) (|ℶ2|+ 1) (Υ1 + 1)Υ1 ℶ3(ℶ3+1)(2)1 ∞∑ τ=3 (|ℶ1|+ 2)τ−3 (|ℶ2|+ 2)τ−3 (Υ1 + 2)τ−3 (ℶ3 + 2)τ−3 (1)τ−3(3)τ−3 (3(κ2 + 1)− κ3(κ1 + κ2)) |ℶ1ℶ2|Υ1 ℶ3(1)1 ∞∑ τ=2 (|ℶ1|+ 1)τ−2 (|ℶ2|+ 1)τ−2 (Υ1 + 1)τ−2 (ℶ3 + 1)τ−2 (1)τ−2(2)τ−2 +(κ2 − κ3(κ1 + κ2) + 1) ∞∑ τ=2 (|ℶ1|)τ−1 (|ℶ2|)τ−1 (Υ1)τ−1 (ℶ3)τ−1 (1)τ−1(1)τ−1 . Main Results This section will provide sufficient conditions for Hohlov operator function to be in the subfamilies Cκ3(κ1, κ2) and S∗κ3(κ1, κ2). keywords: |ℶ2|+ cache: ejpam-5407.pdf plain text: ejpam-5407.txt item: #1147 of 2048 id: ejpam-5408 author: Illafe, Mohamed; Mohd, Maisarah Haji ; Yousef, Feras ; Supramaniam, Shamani title: A Subclass of Bi-univalent Functions Defined by aSymmetric q-Derivative Operator and Gegenbauer Polynomials date: 2024 words: 4165 flesch: 81 summary: (2) A function f is said to be bi-univalent in U if both f(z) and f−1(z) are univalent in U. Let Σ denote the class of bi-univalent functions in U given by (1). Two inclusive subfamilies of bi-univalent functions. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-5408.pdf plain text: ejpam-5408.txt item: #1148 of 2048 id: ejpam-5409 author: Kristiana, Arika Indah; Rachmasari, Elisa ; ., Dafik; Agustin, Ika Hesti ; Mursyidah, Indah Lutfiyatul; Alfarisi, Ridho title: On b-Coloring Analysis of Graphs: An Application to Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Step Time Series Forecasting of Soil Moisture and pH in Companion Farming date: 2024 words: 5118 flesch: 73 summary: We have determined the exact value of the b-chromatic number of Pn ▷v1 Pm graph for n,m ≥ 8 and Ln ▷v1 Pm graph for n,m ≥ 5. Figure 7: Pn ▷v1 Pm graph with 64 vertices and companion farming adjacency matrix Figure 8: The distribution of soil moisture, temperature and pH with 64 companion farming vertex on 30 days to training and testing dataset Based on the previously described algorithm, an vertex embedding with 64 planting vertices is required. keywords: b−coloring; graph; j ≡; mod; vertex; ≡ 0mod; ≡ 1mod; ▷v1 cache: ejpam-5409.pdf plain text: ejpam-5409.txt item: #1149 of 2048 id: ejpam-5411 author: Rachid, Bahloul ; My Soufiane, Rechdaoui ; Abdeljawad, Thabet; Abdalla, Bahaaeldin title: Some Results of Conformable Fourier Transforms date: 2024 words: 8409 flesch: 83 summary: = ∫ t 0 sα−1f(s) ds, t ∈ = −2n−1α2n sin(2αtα + nπ 2 ), (πα) 1 α < t < ( 3π2α) 1 α and for t ∈ keywords: function; periodic; t α; tα α; α α cache: ejpam-5411.pdf plain text: ejpam-5411.txt item: #1150 of 2048 id: ejpam-5423 author: Gaketem, Thiti; Prommai, Tanaphong title: Characterizations of Regular and Intra-regular Ordered Semigroups by using Generalized Interval Valued Bipolar Fuzzy Quasi-Ideals date: 2024 words: 7995 flesch: 95 summary: In this page we shall use the symbol T = (ω p, ω n) instead of the IVBF set T := {e, ω p(e), ω n(e) | e ∈ G}. For two IVBF sets T 1 = (ω p, ω n) and T 2 = (ϖ p, ϖ n) of an ordered semigroup G, define (1) T 1 ⊑ T 2 if and only if ω p(e) ≤ ϖ p(e) and ω n(e) ≤ ϖ n(e) for all e ∈ G, (2) T 1 = T 1 if and only if T 1 ⊑ T 2 and T 2 ⊑ T 1, (3) T 1⊔T 2 if and only if ω∪ϖ where (ω p∪ϖ p)(e) = ω p(e)∨ϖ p(e) and (ω n∪ϖ n)(e) keywords: δ p; λ p; λ δ; ∧ δ; ∧ λ cache: ejpam-5423.pdf plain text: ejpam-5423.txt item: #1151 of 2048 id: ejpam-5425 author: AL-Juaid, J. G. title: On the Periodicity Solutions of Five Systems of Rational Systems of Difference Equations of Order Five date: 2024 words: 3343 flesch: 83 summary: Figure (1) demonstrates the behavior of the solutions of the SDE Eq.(1) with T0 = 1, T−1 = 0.5, T−2 = 0.2, T−3 = 2, T−4 = 3, E0 = 0.1, E−1 = 0.5, E−2 = 1, E−3 = 0.2, and E−4 = 0.3. 3. Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3254-3267 3259 E8n−10 = g, E8n−9 = k, E8n−8 = f, E8n−7 = as m(−1 + as) , E8n−6 = fw g , E8n−5 = as k(1− as) . keywords: enen−4; solutions; tntn−4 cache: ejpam-5425.pdf plain text: ejpam-5425.txt item: #1152 of 2048 id: ejpam-5426 author: Alrababah, Rahmeh ; Amourah, Ala; Jamal Salah; Reyaz Ahmad; Ali A. Atoom title: New ​Results on Difference Paracompactness in Topological Spaces date: 2024 words: 4864 flesch: 68 summary: It is a significant type of topological spaces that retain compactness while benefiting from paracompactness, which is considered a generalisation of compact spaces. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54B05, 54B10, 54C05, 54D05, 54D10, 54D30, 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: Topological spaces, Paracompact spaces, D−paracompact spaces, Countably D−paracompact spaces ∗Corresponding author. keywords: d−cover; d−paracompact; refinement; space; w,ϑ cache: ejpam-5426.pdf plain text: ejpam-5426.txt item: #1153 of 2048 id: ejpam-5427 author: Ismail, Gamal; Yamani, Mohammed I. title: A Novel Analytical Approximate Solution for Strongly Nonlinear Third-Order Jerk Equations Using a Modified Iteration Method date: 2024 words: 4967 flesch: 64 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3622-3641 3632 Figure 1: Comparison between higher order analytical solution (black line), MGEMM Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3622-3641 3633 Figure 2: Comparison between higher order analytical solution (black line), MDTM keywords: equations; iteration; method; nonlinear; solution cache: ejpam-5427.pdf plain text: ejpam-5427.txt item: #1154 of 2048 id: ejpam-5429 author: Balamurugan, M. ; Hakami, Khalil H.; Ansari, Moin A.; Al-Masarwah, Anas ; Loganathan, K. title: Quadri-Polar Fuzzy Fantastic Ideals in BCI-Algebras: A TOPSIS Framework and Application date: 2024 words: 9395 flesch: 88 summary: = { ρ̃ ∈ (0, 1]q, if ς̇ ∈ ℵ̃ 0̃, if ς̇ /∈ ℵ̃ Let ς̇ , ϱ̇ ∈ ℵ̃. To verify that ð̃ is a qP-FFI of ℵ̃. Case 1: If (ς̇ ≬ ϱ̇) ≬ κ̇ ∈ ð̃ and κ̇ ∈ ð̃, then (ς̇ ≬ (ϱ̇ ≬ (ϱ̇ ≬ ς̇))) = ρ̃ ∧ ρ̃ = ρ̃. Case 2: If (ς̇ ≬ ϱ̇) ≬ κ̇ ̸∈ ð̃ and κ̇ ̸∈ ð̃, then (ς̇ ≬ (ϱ̇ ≬ (ϱ̇ ≬ ς̇))) keywords: 2τ̃; fuzzy; ð̃(ς̇ ≬; ϱ̇ ≬; ∨qτ̃; ≬ κ̇; ≬ κ̇)ρ̃; ≬ ς̇ cache: ejpam-5429.pdf plain text: ejpam-5429.txt item: #1155 of 2048 id: ejpam-5430 author: Azzam, A.A.; Aldawood, Mohamed; Abu-Gdairi, Radwan title: Pythagorean Fuzzy Soft Somewhat Continuous Functions date: 2024 words: 7193 flesch: 80 summary: In this work, we presented the idea of PyFSsw open sets as a new extension of PyFS open sets. Math, 17 (4) (2024), 4147-4163 4155 Figure 1: The relationships between some generalizations of PyFS open sets. keywords: fuzzy; gη̃; open; pyfs; pyfssw; set; sets cache: ejpam-5430.pdf plain text: ejpam-5430.txt item: #1156 of 2048 id: ejpam-5431 author: Rashid, Maliha; Saleem, Naeem; Mumtaz, Qurratulain; Aphane, Maggie; Rehman, Innayatur title: Intuitionistic Fuzzy Z-Contractions and Common Fixed Points with Applications date: 2024 words: 10584 flesch: 85 summary: [0, 1) and for each σ ∈ X, consider an IFS-valued map T and for σ ∈ X, T σ is an IFS such that µT σ : X → [0, 1] is membership function and νT σ : X → [0, 1] is nonmembership function. To show that the pair (S, T ) is γ-admissible, take (i) σ ∈ X and τ ∈ keywords: t σ cache: ejpam-5431.pdf plain text: ejpam-5431.txt item: #1157 of 2048 id: ejpam-5433 author: Alkhateeb, Rami; Awwad, Ghaith title: Atomic Solution of Third Order Fractional Abstract Cauchy Problem date: 2024 words: 4762 flesch: 95 summary: So by (4), we have c1 + c2 + c3 = 2x0, c2 − c3 = x0, and c2 + c3 = x0, which implies that c1 = x0, c2 = x0, and c3 = 0. By assumption (4), we have c1 = x0, c2 = x0, and c3 = 0. keywords: tα α; α α cache: ejpam-5433.pdf plain text: ejpam-5433.txt item: #1158 of 2048 id: ejpam-5434 author: Sathishmohan, P. ; Stanley Roshan, S.; Rajalakshmi, K. ; Brindha, S. ; Poongothai, G. title: On Micro Pre Operators in Micro Topological Spaces date: 2024 words: 4431 flesch: 89 summary: } Since every micro open is micro pre-open, x ∈ Mic-ker(A). Therefore, x ∈ Mic-Pker(A ∪ B). (iii) Let x ∈ Mic-Pker(A ∩ B) ⇒ x ∈ Mic-Pker(A) and x ∈ Mic-Pker(B) Therefore, x ∈ Mic-Pker(A) ∪ Mic-Pker(B). (iv) Let x ∈ Mic-Pcl(A) ∩ Mic-Pker(A) By Lemma 3.7(1) keywords: mic; micro cache: ejpam-5434.pdf plain text: ejpam-5434.txt item: #1159 of 2048 id: ejpam-5435 author: Seoudy, Tamer title: Some Properties for Certain Subclasses of Spiral-Like and Robertson Analytic Functions date: 2024 words: 6514 flesch: 94 summary: = ξ + ∞∑ j=2 ρjξ j (1) in U = {ξ ∈ C : |ξ| < 1}. Let ψ (ξ) ∈ SKγ [α, β;C,D] satisfy the coefficient inequality (21) and suppose that ϕ (ξ) = ξ + ∞∑ j=2 σjξ j ∈ K. Then, by Definition 2, the condition (28) will hold true if ( α+2β α+β ) keywords: c −d; cos cache: ejpam-5435.pdf plain text: ejpam-5435.txt item: #1160 of 2048 id: ejpam-5437 author: Al Zurayqat, Mohammad ; Hasan, Shatha title: Multi-step Residual Power Series Method for Solving Stiff Systems date: 2024 words: 7242 flesch: 82 summary: [0.7, 0.8], 9G(t) for t ∈ [0.8, 0.9], 10G(t) for t ∈ [0.9, 1], W (t) =  1W (t) for t ∈ [0.2, 0.3], 4W (t) for t ∈ keywords: frpsm; γ(3β; γ(β cache: ejpam-5437.pdf plain text: ejpam-5437.txt item: #1161 of 2048 id: ejpam-544 author: Goyal, Som Prakash; Vijaywargiya, Pramila; Goswami, Pranay title: Sufficient Conditions for Sakaguchi Type Functions of Order $\beta$ date: 2011 words: 2337 flesch: 90 summary: f (z)− f (−z) − 1 �� z f ′′(z) f ′(z) − z f ′(−z) f (z)− f (−z) − 1 �� z f ′′(z) f ′(z) − z f ′(−z) keywords: � � cache: ejpam-544.pdf plain text: ejpam-544.txt item: #1162 of 2048 id: ejpam-5440 author: Park, Sehie title: On the Family of Theorems on Metric Completeness date: 2024 words: 5574 flesch: 77 summary: We list a large number of examples of metric fixed point theorems which follow from our principles. [21] S. Park, Improving many metric fixed point theorems, Letters Nonlinear Anal. keywords: metric; point; theorem cache: ejpam-5440.pdf plain text: ejpam-5440.txt item: #1163 of 2048 id: ejpam-5442 author: Adel, M.; Khader, M. M.; Mohammed, Najla title: Numerical Treatment for the Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Smoking Model using an Efficient Numerical Technique date: 2024 words: 4353 flesch: 61 summary: Additionally, it possesses diverse uses in resolving chaotic systems with fractional orders. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v17i4.5442 Email addresses: m.adel@iu.edu.sa or adel@sci.cu.edu.eg (M. Adel), mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), namohammed@uqu.edu.sa (N. A. Mohammed) https://www.ejpam.com 3277 keywords: fractional; m. m.; model; numerical; smoking cache: ejpam-5442.pdf plain text: ejpam-5442.txt item: #1164 of 2048 id: ejpam-5445 author: Bowmiya, S. ; Balasubramanian, G.; Govindan, Vediyappan; Donganont, Mana ; Byeon, Haewon title: Generalized Linear Differential Equation using Hyers - Ulam Stability Approach date: 2024 words: 6456 flesch: 74 summary: if ρ ̸= η ̸= 0, γ = σ = 0 (1−e−γ(β−α))(1−e−η(β−α)) γη (β − α)2 ∈; if γ ̸= η ̸= 0, ρ = σ = 0 (1−e−ρ(β−α)) ρ (β − α)3 ∈; if ρ ̸= 0, σ = γ = η = 0 (1−e−γ(β−α)) γ (β − α)3 ∈; if γ ̸= 0, σ = ρ = η = 0 (1−e−σ(β−α)) σ (β − α)3 ∈; if σ ̸= 0, ρ = γ = η = 0 (1−e−η(β−α)) η (β − α)3 ∈; if η ̸= 0, σ = γ = ρ = 0 (β − α)4 ∈; if ρ = σ = γ = η = 0 with respect to ω ∈ [α, β]. Proof. if ρ ̸= η ̸= 0, γ = σ = 0 (1−e−γ(β−α))(1−e−η(β−α)) γη (β − α)2 ∈; if γ ̸= η ̸= 0, ρ = σ = 0 (1−e−ρ(β−α)) ρ (β − α)3 ∈; if ρ ̸= 0, σ = γ = η = 0 (1−e−γ(β−α)) γ (β − α)3 ∈; if γ ̸= 0, σ = ρ = η = 0 (1−e−σ(β−α)) σ (β − α)3 ∈; if σ ̸= 0, ρ = γ = η = 0 (1−e−η(β−α)) η (β − α)3 ∈; if η ̸= 0, σ = γ = ρ = 0 (β − α)4 ∈; if ρ = σ = γ = η = 0 (63) with respect to ω ∈ [α, β], and α ̸= 0, β ̸= 0. 3. keywords: respect; β ω; ω ∈ cache: ejpam-5445.pdf plain text: ejpam-5445.txt item: #1165 of 2048 id: ejpam-5446 author: Bowmiya, S.; Balasubramanian, G.; Govindan, Vediyappan; Donganont, Mana ; Byeon, Haewon title: Hyers-Ulam Stability of Fifth Order Linear Differential Equations date: 2024 words: 8025 flesch: 80 summary: If p2 = 0, then |Γ(x)− ϕ(x)| ≤∈ ep2x ∫ l x e−p2tdt |Γ(x)− ϕ(x)| ≤∈ e0x ∫ l x e−0tdt |Γ(x)− ϕ(x)| ≤∈ ∫ l x dt |Γ(x)− ϕ(x)| ≤∈ (l − x);x ∈ If p5 = 0, then |K(x)− L(x)| ≤ εep5x ∫ l x e−p5tdt |K(x)− L(x)| ≤ ε ∫ l x dt |K(x)− L(x)| ≤ (l − x);x ∈ keywords: hyers; stability; ulam cache: ejpam-5446.pdf plain text: ejpam-5446.txt item: #1166 of 2048 id: ejpam-5447 author: Khader, Mohamed M. ; Babatin, M. M. title: Designing an Efficient Numerical Method for Solving the Blood Ethanol Concentration System and Ebola Virus Models date: 2024 words: 5422 flesch: 64 summary: DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v17i4.5447 Email addresses: mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), mmbabatin@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Babatin) https://www.ejpam.com 3167 (CC BY-NC 4.0) M. M. Khader, M. M. Babatin / Eur. keywords: fractional; m. m.; model; numerical; order; scheme; system cache: ejpam-5447.pdf plain text: ejpam-5447.txt item: #1167 of 2048 id: ejpam-5449 author: Azeem, Muhammad; Salam, Abdul ; Hussain, Sundus title: A Novel Forced Scrambling Model Under Time-Scaled Surveys for Estimation of Population Variance date: 2025 words: 6989 flesch: 73 summary: Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5449 5 of 19 In traditional sample surveys, a simple variance estimator of a sensitive variable using the model (R1) is given by: s2Y (GS) = s2Z − (p1 + p2)(1− p1 − p2)(z̄ − F )2 − p2σ 2 T z̄ 2 p1 + p2(σ2 T + 1) . (11) In traditional sample surveys, a ratio-type estimator of Y is: RGS = s2Z − (p1 + p2)(1− p1 − p2)(z̄ − F )2 − p2σ 2 T z̄ 2 p1 + p2(σ2 T + 1) σ2 X s2X . keywords: estimator; model; response; surveys; time; variance cache: ejpam-5449.pdf plain text: ejpam-5449.txt item: #1168 of 2048 id: ejpam-5450 author: Iampan, Aiyared; Subasini, Ramasamy ; Rajesh, Neelamegarajan title: $\varepsilon$-Lukasiewicz fuzzy UP (BCC)-ideals: A new frontier in UP (BCC)-algebras date: 2024 words: 6984 flesch: 91 summary: [9] A nonempty subset S of X is called (1) a BCC-subalgebra of X if it satisfies the following property: (∀x, y ∈ S)(x ◦ y ∈ S) (2.19) (2) a BCC-ideal of X if it satisfies the following properties: 0 ∈ S (2.20) (∀x, y, z ∈ X)(x ◦ Lukasiewicz fuzzy sets using the Lukasiewicz t-norm derived from a given fuzzy set. keywords: fuzzy; y ◦; ◦ z cache: ejpam-5450.pdf plain text: ejpam-5450.txt item: #1169 of 2048 id: ejpam-5451 author: Alsatami, Khalid A. ; Ali, Haidar; Ali, Bilal; Ali, Parvez title: Computational Analysis of Reverse Degree-Based Topological Indices in Hex-Derived Networks date: 2024 words: 5990 flesch: 82 summary: In chemical graph theory, topological indices are used to quantify various chemical properties of molecules. Topological indices are connected to numerous physicochemical prop- erties, such as vapor pressure, stability, and elastic energy. keywords: hex; index; indices; table cache: ejpam-5451.pdf plain text: ejpam-5451.txt item: #1170 of 2048 id: ejpam-5453 author: Hosny, Mona title: Extending Approximations Spaces Using Nearly Open Sets, Subset Neighborhoods, and Ideals: A Medical Application date: 2024 words: 14209 flesch: 86 summary: if t ∈ξ S℘M, then t ∈ M. (ii) if t ∈ M, then t ∈ξ S℘M. Proof. Math, 17 (4) (2024), 2843-2877 2867 (i) if M = {l1}, then l1 ∈ M, but l1 ̸∈β SR M. (ii) if M = {l2, l3, l4}, then l1 ∈β SRM, but l1 ̸∈ M. Definition 5.4. Let (V,Υ,Π℘) be a ℘-nbdS, M ⊆ V and t ∈ V. keywords: s℘ m cache: ejpam-5453.pdf plain text: ejpam-5453.txt item: #1171 of 2048 id: ejpam-5455 author: Sowmiya Ramasamy ; Kavitha Velusamy; Dumitru Baleanu; Mani, Mallika Arjunan title: On a Hybrid Class of $p$-Laplacian Initial Value Problems with Modified  Mittag-Leffler Kernel date: 2024 words: 7068 flesch: 74 summary: For ∆ < 1, by (21)-(23), consider the following norm ∥w − w∗∥ = ∥w − Φw +Φw − w∗∥ M. M. Arjunan / Eur. Theory of fractional hybrid differential equations. keywords: fractional; w(7; γ(β cache: ejpam-5455.pdf plain text: ejpam-5455.txt item: #1172 of 2048 id: ejpam-5456 author: Liaqat, Muhammad Imran; Aljarrah, Hussam title: Conformable Sumudu Transform Based Adomian Decomposition Method for Linear and Nonlinear Fractional-Order Schrödinger Equations date: 2024 words: 8369 flesch: 73 summary: For problem 4.3, the 2D diagrams of App-Ss for various levels of µ and Ex-Ss in the range φ ∈ [0, 1.0] at ϱ = 0.1 are shown for: (a) δ1(ϱ, φ); (b) δ2(ϱ, φ). Figure 8: For problem 4.2, the 3D diagrams of Ex-S in the range φ ∈ keywords: app; derivatives; equations; fractional; liaqat; s−1; s−1 µ; ρ=0; ωsµ cache: ejpam-5456.pdf plain text: ejpam-5456.txt item: #1173 of 2048 id: ejpam-5458 author: Alraddadi, Ibrahim title: Periodic Solutions and Bifurcations in a Long-Timescale Oceanic Carbon Cycle Model date: 2024 words: 7041 flesch: 64 summary: We use MAPLE to compute the l1 and l2 in the normal form at Hopf bifurcation point where l0 = 0. We use MAPLE to compute the l1 and l2 in the normal form at Hopf bifurcation point where l0 = 0. keywords: bautin; bifurcation; carbon; cycle; equilibrium; form; model; point; rothman cache: ejpam-5458.pdf plain text: ejpam-5458.txt item: #1174 of 2048 id: ejpam-546 author: Alsina, Claudio; Nelsen, Roger B. title: An Invitation to Proofs Without Words date: 2009 words: 3074 flesch: 77 summary: We begin with some theorems and proofs about the simplest figurate numbers: triangular numbers and squares. Sums of powers of 9 are triangular numbers, i.e., for all n≥ 0, 1+ 9+ 92 + . . keywords: aaa; figure; numbers cache: ejpam-546.pdf plain text: ejpam-546.txt item: #1175 of 2048 id: ejpam-5460 author: Lekkoksung, Somsak; Davvaz, Bijan; Lekkoksung, Nareupanat title: An Application of Generalized Fuzzy Ideals in Ordered Semigroups date: 2024 words: 9519 flesch: 82 summary: On fuzzy ordered semigroups. Ordered semigroups are algebraic systems consisting of a nonempty set, an associative binary operation, and a partial order compatible with this binary operation. keywords: ideals; interior; semigroups; χa)i cache: ejpam-5460.pdf plain text: ejpam-5460.txt item: #1176 of 2048 id: ejpam-5461 author: Alqahtani, Mohammed ; Kaviyarasu, M.; Rajeshwari, Murugesan title: Site Selection for Thermal Power Plant Based on Sombor Index in Neutrosophic Graph date: 2024 words: 10863 flesch: 75 summary: = √ (dα)2 + (dβ)2. = ∑ α,β∈E(G) √ (ϖ(α)dG(α))2 + (ϖ(β)dG(β))2. keywords: alqahtani; appl; eur; fuzzy; graph; index; indices; kaviyarasu; neutrosophic; nsoi(g; pure; rajeshwari; β∈e(g cache: ejpam-5461.pdf plain text: ejpam-5461.txt item: #1177 of 2048 id: ejpam-5462 author: Berir, Mohammed title: The Impact of White Noise on Chaotic Behavior in a Financial Fractional System with Constant and VariableOrder: A Comparative Study date: 2024 words: 5392 flesch: 56 summary: We analyze the chaotic behavior of these fractional-order hyperchaotic systems through simulations, study the effects of white noise on chaotic dynamics, and provide a comparison between fractional hyperchaotic systems of constant and variable orders. A symmetry chaotic model with fractional derivative order via two different methods. keywords: financial; fractional; hyperchaotic; noise; order; system; variable cache: ejpam-5462.pdf plain text: ejpam-5462.txt item: #1178 of 2048 id: ejpam-5463 author: Tedjani, Ali H. ; Khader, Mohamed M. title: Numerical Simulation for Obtaining Advanced Engineering Applications Through an Important Fluid Problem date: 2025 words: 6914 flesch: 67 summary: Specifically, increasing the porous parameter, magnetic number, heat generation parameter, and Ec tends to decrease the Nusselt number. Furthermore, the observed decrease in the Sherwood number values for increasing magnetic number, Casson parameter, thermal conductivity parameter, heat generation parameter, and Eckert num- ber, is accompanied by an increasing trend for the Sherwood number with the unsteadiness parameter, diffusion parameter, and chemical reaction parameter. keywords: film; flow; fluid; heat; khader; m. m.; parameter cache: ejpam-5463.pdf plain text: ejpam-5463.txt item: #1179 of 2048 id: ejpam-5464 author: Shbair , Ismail; Salama, Amgad; Embaby, Osama; El-Atik, Abdelfattah title: Advancements in Topological Approaches via Core Minimal Neighborhoods and Their Applications date: 2024 words: 7225 flesch: 77 summary: Then, the families τj = {B ⊆ X : CMj(ξ) ⊆ B, ξ ∈ B} are topologies on X, for all j ∈ J. Proof. = {ξ ∈ X : [ξ] ⊆ B}, and upper approximation is defined by ℵ(B) keywords: core; neighborhood cache: ejpam-5464.pdf plain text: ejpam-5464.txt item: #1180 of 2048 id: ejpam-5469 author: Luga, Mary Joy; Samson, Harold; Buan, Amelia ; Nabua, Edna ; Salazar, Douglas title: The Learning Skills and Level of Understanding of Grade 9 Students on a Mathematics Lesson on Sequences and Series date: 2025 words: 4998 flesch: 55 summary: Out of the 123 participants, 32.58% (or 44 par- ticipants) are in benchmark creative thinking skill level, 56.91% (or 70 participants) are M. J. Luga et al. / Eur. In the last few years, there has been a lot of emphasis and importance placed on open ended questions because they are designed in such a way as to uncover the level of student understanding (e.g., procedural vs. conceptual) and misconceptions of mathematical concepts. 2.2. keywords: learners; level; problem; skills; solving; students; study; thinking; understanding cache: ejpam-5469.pdf plain text: ejpam-5469.txt item: #1181 of 2048 id: ejpam-5470 author: Abd El-hay, Atef ; A. Alsatami, Khalid; ELrokh, Ashraf ; Rabie, Aya title: Cordial Labeling of Corona Product of Paths and Fourth Order of Lemniscate Graphs date: 2025 words: 8169 flesch: 92 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C78,05C15 Key Words and Phrases: Cordial labeling, corona, lemniscate, Social Networking, Network security, Edge Computing 1. Cordial labeling is a weaker version of graceful labeling and harmonious labeling introduced by Cahit in [3]. keywords: labeling cache: ejpam-5470.pdf plain text: ejpam-5470.txt item: #1182 of 2048 id: ejpam-5471 author: Alsaggaf, Ibtesam title: Analyzing Cancer Survival Times Using the Exponentiated Fréchet-Gompertz Distribution date: 2024 words: 10072 flesch: 71 summary: − n β ln γ + β n∑ i=1 xi − ( λ γ )β n∑ i=1 (eθxi − 1)−β − (β + 1) n∑ i=1 ln (eθxi − 1) + (α − 1) n∑ i=1 ln Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3856-3898 3860 Figure 1a shows a variety of shapes of EFG distribution, symmetric and asymmetric with different degrees of skewness. keywords: cancer; data; distribution; e −; efg; estimation; math; α −; − exp; − ;  λ; 1 −;  cache: ejpam-5471.pdf plain text: ejpam-5471.txt item: #1183 of 2048 id: ejpam-5473 author: Al-Zu’bi, Fadi; Ahmad, Abdul Ghaffur; Alkouri, Abd Ulazeez; Darus, Maslina title: A Novel Bipolar Valued Fuzzy Group based on Dib's approach date: 2024 words: 7520 flesch: 75 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 08A72, 06D72 Key Words and Phrases: Fuzzy space, bipolar valued fuzzy space, fuzzy binary operation, bipolar valued fuzzy binary operation, fuzzy function, bipolar valued fuzzy function, fuzzy group, and bipolar valued fuzzy group subgroup ∗Corresponding author. In 2000, Lee [23, 24] created the concept of bipolar valued fuzzy sets. keywords: bipolar; bvf; fuzzy; group; groupoid; set; space cache: ejpam-5473.pdf plain text: ejpam-5473.txt item: #1184 of 2048 id: ejpam-5475 author: cahis, Abdo Mohammed; Alqahtani, Awn title: Modifications to Mixed θ(ν1, ν2)-open Sets inGeneralized Topological Spaces date: 2024 words: 4716 flesch: 88 summary: We say that X is (ν1, ν2)-regular if, for every point x ∈ X and every ν1-closed set F with x /∈ F , there exist open sets U ∈ ν1 and V ∈ ν2 such that x ∈ U , F ⊆ V , and U ∩ V = ∅. 3. We say that X is G(ν1, ν2)-regular with respect to Mν1 (or simply G(ν1, ν2)-regular) if, for every x ∈ Mν1 and every ν1-closed set F with x /∈ F , there exist open sets U ∈ ν1 and V ∈ ν2 such that: x ∈ U, F ∩Mν1 ⊆ V, and U ∩ V = ∅. Proposition 1. keywords: set cache: ejpam-5475.pdf plain text: ejpam-5475.txt item: #1185 of 2048 id: ejpam-5476 author: A.K.Alomari; Al-Shatnawi, Abdul Rhman ; Adel Almalki ; Anakira, Nidal title: Bernstein Polynomials for Solving Fractional Differential Equations with Two Parameters date: 2024 words: 5648 flesch: 65 summary: The method used to analyze and solve fractional differential equations is im- plemented. Using orthonormal Bernstein polynomials has led to the development of fractional poly- nomials, which offer an approximate solution for ordinary fractional differential equations. keywords: bernstein; differential; equations; fractional; polynomials; solution cache: ejpam-5476.pdf plain text: ejpam-5476.txt item: #1186 of 2048 id: ejpam-5478 author: M. Alawaideh, Yazen; Ramazanova, Aysel; Issaadi, Hayat; Al-khamiseh, Bashar. M.; Bilal, Muhammad ; Baleanu, Dumitru Baleanu title: Generalized Conformable Hamiltonian Dynamics with Higher-Order Derivatives date: 2025 words: 4812 flesch: 57 summary: Fractional hamiltonian analysis of higher order derivatives systems. This work builds upon fractional mechanics and conformable derivatives to derive a generalized form of Euler-Lagrange equations for higher order conformable derivatives, establishing energy and momentum conservation in the presence of time independence and translational invariance of the Lagrangian [26]. keywords: derivatives; fractional; hamiltonian; order; s|tqi; t qi cache: ejpam-5478.pdf plain text: ejpam-5478.txt item: #1187 of 2048 id: ejpam-5479 author: Alluhydan, Khalid; Moatimid, Galal M. ; Amer, T. S. title: The Non-Perturbative Approach in Examining the Motion of a Simple Pendulum Associated with a Rolling Wheel with a Time-Delay date: 2024 words: 8577 flesch: 56 summary: The goal of the NPA is to understand the details of nonlinear systems on their own, without relying on small changes from a known solution. A novel methodology for a time- delayed controller to prevent nonlinear system oscillations. keywords: alluhydan; amer; approach; delay; equation; frequency; moatimid; nonlinear; solution; stability; system; time cache: ejpam-5479.pdf plain text: ejpam-5479.txt item: #1188 of 2048 id: ejpam-5486 author: Rawshdeh, Amani; Al-jarrah, Heyam; Al-zoubi, Khalid title: A Generalization for Somewhere Dense Sets with Some Applications date: 2024 words: 8316 flesch: 89 summary: Then H ∈ ωSWD(Z, τ) iff for each x ∈ H there is S ∈ SWD(Z, τ) with x ∈ S and S −H is countable. Then H ∈ ωSWD(Z, τ) iff for each x ∈ H there is S ∈ SWD(Z, τ) and a countable set G with x ∈ S −G ⊆ H. Theorem 8. keywords: ωswd(z cache: ejpam-5486.pdf plain text: ejpam-5486.txt item: #1189 of 2048 id: ejpam-5488 author: Nana, Naguiesmongho Christian; Metchebon Takougang, Stéphane Aimé; Batieno, T. Benoît Joseph title: A Comparative Analysis of Four Group Decision-Making Techniques: KEMIRA G-I, KEMIRA G-II, Lon-Zo, and MACASP date: 2024 words: 6673 flesch: 71 summary: The evaluation that decision-makers give by consensus on alternative ak with regard to criterion j is gj(a k) and it is defined by equation (3): gj(a k) = L∑ l=1 wdl j .gdlj (ak), k = 1, · · · ,K, j = 1, · · · ,m. (3) The overall performance g(ak) of the alternative ak is obtained according to equation (4) : g(ak) The Lon-Zo and MACASP methods are often used for ranking problems, where al- ternatives are ranked from best to worst[11, 15]. keywords: criteria; decision; group; kemira; kemira g; methods cache: ejpam-5488.pdf plain text: ejpam-5488.txt item: #1190 of 2048 id: ejpam-5492 author: Alqahtani, Lamia; Al-Husainy, Ebtehal title: Chen's Inequality for CR-warped Products in Locally Metallic Riemannian Manifolds date: 2024 words: 4173 flesch: 79 summary: Conclusion The exploration of warped product submanifolds in locally metallic Riemannian man- ifolds opens several intriguing avenues for future research. Additionally, establishing a comprehensive classification of warped product submanifolds, alongside concrete examples, will enhance the literature and provide benchmarks for further studies. keywords: product; riemannian; submanifolds cache: ejpam-5492.pdf plain text: ejpam-5492.txt item: #1191 of 2048 id: ejpam-5494 author: Pue-on, Prapart title: Employing the Sadik Residual Power Series Method to Analyze a System of Nonlinear Caputo Time-Fractional Partial Differential Equations date: 2024 words: 6253 flesch: 73 summary: , t ⩾ t0 is called fractional power series about t0. Resi,k(x, t) ∣∣∣ t=0 = 0. (9) Convergence criteria for Sadik residual power series method Theorem 5. keywords: fractional; method; power; series; solution cache: ejpam-5494.pdf plain text: ejpam-5494.txt item: #1192 of 2048 id: ejpam-5495 author: Alanazy, Asma ; Moatimid, Galal; Amer, Tarek; Galal, Abdallah title: Non-Perturbative Approach in Scrutinizing Nonlinear Time-Delay of Van der Pol-Duffing Oscillator date: 2025 words: 7005 flesch: 56 summary: The objective of the NPA is to comprehend the intricacies of nonlinear systems independently, without depending on minor perturbations from a known solution. A significant technique for deriving analytical approximations in the study of nonlinear oscillators was utilized. keywords: appl; eur; frequency; nonlinear; oscillator; pure; stability; systems; time cache: ejpam-5495.pdf plain text: ejpam-5495.txt item: #1193 of 2048 id: ejpam-5499 author: Magpantay, Daryl M.; Jagmis, Jiel Mark title: Middle Graph of the Identity Graph of Finite Cyclic and Dihedral Groups date: 2025 words: 7453 flesch: 85 summary: Power domination of middle graph of central graph460 of path, cycle, and star. They represented the16 finite groups in terms of graphs which they called identity graphs or identity graphs since17 the identity element of the group is the main role in order to create a graph.18 19 A.D. Godase keywords: graph; m(γcn; middle; vertex; vertices cache: ejpam-5499.pdf plain text: ejpam-5499.txt item: #1194 of 2048 id: ejpam-5502 author: Adel, Mohamed; Khader, M. M.; Babatin, M. M.; Alraddadi, I. ; Alaidrous, A. ; Ismail, G. M. title: Heat Transfer and Magnetohydrodynamic Nanofluid Flow Caused by a Stretching Sheet Heated Convectively: Numerical Investigation date: 2025 words: 5337 flesch: 60 summary: DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i1.5502 Email addresses: m.adel@iu.edu.sa and adel@sci.cu.edu.eg (M. Adel), mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), mmbabatin@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Babatin), ialraddadi@iu.edu.sa (I. Alraddadi), aaaidrous@uqu.edu.sa (A. Alaidrous), gamalm2010@yahoo.com (G. M. Ismail) https://www.ejpam.com 1 [16] M. M. Khader and M. M. Babatin. keywords: concentration; fluid; heat; nanofluid; parameter; temperature; transfer; θ(η; ϕ(η cache: ejpam-5502.pdf plain text: ejpam-5502.txt item: #1195 of 2048 id: ejpam-5503 author: Alwadani, Salihah title: More on the order of Arag\'on Artacho–Campoy Algorithm Operators with the Help of Douglas–Rachford Operators date: 2025 words: 5605 flesch: 87 summary: − λ − 1 ) PU x + c, where c = −2γ ( λγ ( 2γ − 3 ) + λ + 1 ) a − 2 ( γ ( λγ ( 2γ − 3 ) + λ + 1 ) − 1 ) w + λγ ( 2γ − 1 ) v − 2λγ2(1 − γ ) PU w. (ix) RBγ TBγ,Aγ ̸= TAγ,Bγ RBγ . − 1 ) w + λγ ( 2γ − 1 ) v − 2λγ2(1 − γ ) PU w. (ix): It follows from (vii) and (viii). keywords: − 2γ; − γ; − λγ cache: ejpam-5503.pdf plain text: ejpam-5503.txt item: #1196 of 2048 id: ejpam-5504 author: Alwadani, Salihah title: Additional Studies on Displacement Mapping with Restrictions date: 2024 words: 4699 flesch: 85 summary: and we learn from Example 4 that D = Fix R = U⊥. (ii): PD⊥ − 1 2 PD⊥ (from (16)) = PD⊥ T◦ PD⊥ = T◦ (from (17)), as claimed. keywords: id−r; m−1; pd⊥ cache: ejpam-5504.pdf plain text: ejpam-5504.txt item: #1197 of 2048 id: ejpam-5507 author: Alsulami, Eftekhar; Al-Turk, Lutfiah; Shahbaz, Muhammad title: A New Method of Generating Truncated Bivariate Families of Distributions date: 2024 words: 8377 flesch: 73 summary: (34) Again using the density and distribution functions of Burr distribution in Eq.18, the conditional distribution of X2 given X1 = x1 is fBTBB(x2|x1) In the next section we will study the bivariate truncated Burr family of distributions for baseline Burr distribution. keywords: aβ2; bivariate; burr; distribution; xβ1; xβ2; −(α+1 cache: ejpam-5507.pdf plain text: ejpam-5507.txt item: #1198 of 2048 id: ejpam-5509 author: Ahmad, Imtiaz; Jan, Rashid; Razak, Normy Norfiza Abdul; Khan, Aziz; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Numerical Investigation of the Dynamical Behavior of Hepatitis B Virus via Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Derivative date: 2025 words: 9167 flesch: 66 summary: = M(α) α ∫ t a k′(x)e[− t−x α ]dx, M(0) = M(∞) = 2(1− ς) (2− ς)U(ς) { αV1 − (ϵ+ µ)V2 } + 2ς (2− ς)U(ς) ∫ t 0 { αV1 − (ϵ+ µ)V2 } dy, A(t)−A(0) = 2(1− ς) (2− ς)U(ς) { λS − (δ + σ + µ)A } + 2ς (2− ς)U(ς) ∫ t 0 { λS − (δ + σ + µ)A } dy, C(t)− C(0) keywords: ahmad; appl; fractional; hepatitis; infection; math; model; pure; system; time; ς)u(ς cache: ejpam-5509.pdf plain text: ejpam-5509.txt item: #1199 of 2048 id: ejpam-5511 author: Nakwan, Kansada; Luangchaisri, Panuwat; Changphas, Thawhat title: Implicative Negatively Partially Ordered Ternary Semigroups date: 2024 words: 6064 flesch: 87 summary: Implicative ternary semigroups We start this section with the definition of n.p.o. ternary semigroups. In [14] D. A. Romano introduced the concept of an anti-filter within implicative semigroups and provided several equivalent conditions for when the special inhabited proper subset of an implicative semigroup qualifies as an ordered anti-filter. keywords: implicative; semigroup; ternary cache: ejpam-5511.pdf plain text: ejpam-5511.txt item: #1200 of 2048 id: ejpam-5514 author: Prakash, Anand ; Shukla, Rahul title: Exploring Ideals: An Analysis Through Rough Set Theory with Examples date: 2025 words: 3799 flesch: 69 summary: Kuroki has conducted research on rough ideals in semigroups [11]. We also explore the concept of rough ideals, offering a precise definition to facilitate understanding. keywords: ideals; ring; set; theory; z12 cache: ejpam-5514.pdf plain text: ejpam-5514.txt item: #1201 of 2048 id: ejpam-5523 author: Hatamleh, Raed ; Al-Husban, Abdullah ; Zubair, Sulima Ahmed Mohammed ; Elamin, Mawahib ; Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Abdolmaleki, Eisa ; Fujita, Takaaki ; Nordo, Giorgio ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: AI-Assisted Wearable Devices for Promoting Human Health and Strength Using Complex Interval-Valued Picture Fuzzy Soft Relations date: 2025 words: 15484 flesch: 73 summary: Let τ be the collection of complex interval valued picture fuzzy soft sets over X, then τ is said to be a complex interval valued picture fuzzy soft topology (TST) on X The union of any number of members of complex interval valued picture fuzzy soft sets in τ belongs to τ , (iii) The intersection of any two complex interval valued picture fuzzy soft sets in τ belongs to τ . keywords: fitness; interval; let; membership; picture; set; sets; ϋ1; ϋ2; ϋ3 cache: ejpam-5523.pdf plain text: ejpam-5523.txt item: #1202 of 2048 id: ejpam-5526 author: Basem Aref Frasin; Sondekola Rudra Swamy; Amourah, Ala; Jamal Salah; Ranjitha Hebbar Maheshwarappa title: A Family of Bi-Univalent Functions Defined by( p, q)-Derivative Operator Subordinate to a GeneralizedBivariate Fibonacci Polynomials date: 2024 words: 5120 flesch: 78 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3801-3814 3803 The renowned Koebe theorem (see[25]) states that, each function ψ ∈ S has an inverse given by ψ−1(ω) = Ψ(ω) = ω − d2ω 2 + (2d22 − d3)ω 3 − (5d32 − 5d2d3 + d4)ω 4 + ... (3) satisfying ζ = ψ−1(ψ(ζ)) and ω = ψ(ψ−1(ω)), |ω| < r0(ψ), r0(ψ) ≥ 1/4, ζ, ω ∈ D. The notion of bi-univalent functions was first presented by Levin in his work Generalized bivariate fibonacci polynomial and two new subclasses of bi-univalent functions. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-5526.pdf plain text: ejpam-5526.txt item: #1203 of 2048 id: ejpam-5527 author: Balamurugan, M.; Hakami, Khalil H.; Ansari, Moin A.; Loganathan, K. title: An Innovative Perspective on Bipolar Fuzzy Fantastic Ideals in BCK/BCI-Algebras date: 2024 words: 9218 flesch: 91 summary: ≤ ζ̄−((ϱ̌0 ≬ ϱ̌1) ≬ ϱ̌2) ∨ ζ̄−(ϱ̌2), and ζ̄+(ϱ̌0 ≬ (ϱ̌1 ≬ (ϱ̌1 ≬ ϱ̌0))) ≥ ζ̄+((ϱ̌0 ≬ ϱ̌1) ≬ ϱ̌2) ∧ ζ̄+(ϱ̌2). ≤ ζ̄−((ϱ̌0 ≬ ϱ̌1) ≬ ϱ̌2) ∨ ζ̄−(ϱ̌2) ∨ (φ2 − φ⋇ 2 ), (iii) ζ̄+(ϱ̌0 ≬ (ϱ̌1 ≬ (ϱ̌1 ≬ ϱ̌0))) ≥ ζ̄+((ϱ̌0 ≬ ϱ̌1) ≬ ϱ̌2) ∧ ζ̄+(ϱ̌2) ∧ (−φ 2 + φ⋇ 2 ) for all ϱ̌0, ϱ̌1, ϱ̌2 ∈ ℵ̌. Proof. keywords: ζ̄+((ϱ̌0 ≬; ϱ̌0; ≬ ϱ̌1; ≬ ϱ̌2 cache: ejpam-5527.pdf plain text: ejpam-5527.txt item: #1204 of 2048 id: ejpam-5528 author: Ansari, Moin A.; Abbas Hussain Shikeh; Nisar, Junaid; Shahid Tamboli title: Characterizations of Nonadditive Mappings in Prime $*$-Rings Involving Bi-Skew Products date: 2025 words: 6329 flesch: 79 summary: In view of [27, Theorem 3.5], it follows that there exists q ∈ Qml(ℜ) such that Ω(u) = uq for all u ∈ ℜ and Ω−1(v)∗ = qv∗ for all v ∈ ℜ. Note that qv∗ = Ω−1(v)∗ ∈ ℜ for all v ∈ ℜ. = {u α | u ∈ ℜ and 0 ̸= α ∈ Z(ℜ)}. keywords: ring ℜ; skew; ω(u; ∈ ℜ cache: ejpam-5528.pdf plain text: ejpam-5528.txt item: #1205 of 2048 id: ejpam-5529 author: Khader, Mohamed; Tedjani, Ali H. title: Using the Modified Decomposition Method Associated with Mohand Transforms for a Numerical Simulation of the Mathematical Model for Breast Cancer date: 2025 words: 4193 flesch: 65 summary: [13] M. M. Khader, N. H. Sweilam, A. M. S. Mahdy, and N. K. A. Moniem. https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i1.5529 Email addresses: mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), Ahtedjani@imamu.edu.sa (A. H. Tedjani) https://www.ejpam.com 1 keywords: breast; cancer; model; numerical; solution cache: ejpam-5529.pdf plain text: ejpam-5529.txt item: #1206 of 2048 id: ejpam-5531 author: Noiri, Takashi; Popa, Valeriu title: Upper and Lower Rarely m-I-Continuous Multifunctions date: 2024 words: 4660 flesch: 89 summary: As an unified form of the above generalizations of open sets, in [27] and [28] the present authors introduced minimal structures and m-spaces. As general- izations of open sets, the notion of I-open sets, semi-I-open sets, pre-I-open sets, α-I-open sets, β-I-open sets and b-I-open sets are introduced and studied in an ideal topological space (X.τ, I). keywords: set cache: ejpam-5531.pdf plain text: ejpam-5531.txt item: #1207 of 2048 id: ejpam-5532 author: Jain, Aparna ; Jahan, Iffat title: L-Convex Sublattice of an L-Lattice and Complement of an L-Set date: 2025 words: 8134 flesch: 87 summary: Also, the authors effectively use the concept of order reversing involution on the lattice L of truth values to define complement of an L-set. The maximal and minimal elements of both the lattices L and M are denoted by 1 and 0 respectively. keywords: ideal cache: ejpam-5532.pdf plain text: ejpam-5532.txt item: #1208 of 2048 id: ejpam-5534 author: Jan, Rashid; Boulaaras, Salah; Alharbi, Asma ; Abdul Razak, Normy Norfiza title: Nonlinear Dynamics of a Zoonotic Disease with Control Interventions through Fractional Derivative date: 2024 words: 7057 flesch: 65 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 3781-3800 3785 with the above assumptions is given by dSh dt = Ξh − βh(Ih + Ia)Sh + νhRh − µhSh, dIh dt = βh(Ih + Ia)Sh − ϵ1τ1(1 − p1)Ih − (γh + αh + µh)Ih, dRh dt = ϵ1τ1(1 − p1)Ih + γhIh − (νh + µh)Rh, dSa dt = Ξa − βa(Ih + Ia)Sa + νaRa − µaSa, dIa dt = βa(Ih + Ia)Sa Dϑ t Ih = βh(Ih + Ia)Sh − ϵ1τ1(1 − p1)Ih − (γh + αh + µh)Ih, LC 0 Dϑ t Rh = ϵ1τ1(1 − p1)Ih + γhIh − (νh + µh)Rh, LC 0 keywords: campylobacteriosis; dynamics; infection; model; resistance; solution; γ(ϑ cache: ejpam-5534.pdf plain text: ejpam-5534.txt item: #1209 of 2048 id: ejpam-5535 author: Sirisetti, Ramesh ; Gunda, Jogarao ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Shukla, Rahul title: A Certain Class of Filters in Generalized Complemented Distributive Lattices date: 2025 words: 4859 flesch: 89 summary: Given u ∈ A, we have v, u ≤ v ∨ u, which implies (v ∨ u)g ≤ vg, ug (By Proposition 2.1(iii)) and then (v ∨ u)g ≤ vg ∧ ug ∈ K (since vg ∈ K, ug ∈ A, and K is an ideal). vg ∈ G(K) or wg ∈ G(K) if G(K) is prime. keywords: g(k cache: ejpam-5535.pdf plain text: ejpam-5535.txt item: #1210 of 2048 id: ejpam-5536 author: Iampan, Aiyared; Rajesh, N. ; Princivishvamalar, J. ; Arivazhagi, C. title: Translation of a Bipolar Fuzzy Set in Hilbert Algebras date: 2024 words: 4989 flesch: 77 summary: Bipolar fuzzy Hilbert algebras. These findings contribute significantly to the REFERENCES 4069 theoretical framework supporting bipolar fuzzy systems, which hold promise for handling nuanced and uncertain information across diverse applications. keywords: fuzzy; hilbert cache: ejpam-5536.pdf plain text: ejpam-5536.txt item: #1211 of 2048 id: ejpam-5537 author: Abuteen, Eman; Ait Brahim, Abdessamad ; El Hajaji, Abdelmajid ; Hilal, Khalid ; Charhabil, Ayoub title: Solution of Well-known Physical Problems with Fractional Conformable Derivative date: 2024 words: 2940 flesch: 61 summary: Definition of new fractional derivative In this section, we begin by introducing the Mittag-Leffler function, which plays a significant role in various physical processes and often emerges in the solutions to fractional differential equations. This paper presents a new definition of fractional derivatives and integrals through the conformable derivative approach. keywords: derivative; equation; fractional; function cache: ejpam-5537.pdf plain text: ejpam-5537.txt item: #1212 of 2048 id: ejpam-5538 author: Santoso, Kiswara Agung; Cristyanto, Febyan Gilang ; Halikin, Ikhsanul; Alfarisi, Ridho title: Advancing Graph Theory with Genetic Algorithms: AFocus on Non-Inclusive Vertex Irregular Labeling date: 2024 words: 2579 flesch: 58 summary: Non-inclusive irregular vertex labeling is a labeling on a graph where the vertex labels are real numbers that have weights. Discussion This research using the genetic algorithm to solve non-inclusive vertex irregular labeling of graph. keywords: algorithm; figure; graph; labeling; matrix; process; vertex cache: ejpam-5538.pdf plain text: ejpam-5538.txt item: #1213 of 2048 id: ejpam-5545 author: El-Bably, M. K. ; Abu-Gdairi , R. ; Fleifel, K. K. ; El-Gayar , M. A. title: Exploring $\beta$-Basic Rough Sets and Their Applications in Medicine date: 2024 words: 10417 flesch: 68 summary: Subset neighborhood rough sets. The proposed contributions introduce a novel approach for constructing topological rough sets (βb-rough sets) that do not rely on the induced topologies. keywords: sets cache: ejpam-5545.pdf plain text: ejpam-5545.txt item: #1214 of 2048 id: ejpam-5547 author: Alzaid, Nawal; Alzahrani, Kholoud ; Bakodah, Huda title: Efficient Numerical Technique for Reaction-Diffusion Singularly Perturbed Boundary-Value Problems date: 2024 words: 4881 flesch: 63 summary: Math, 17 (4) (2024), 4211-4224 4218 Table 2: Comparison between different methods with different values of ϵ. Maximum Error Numerical Methods ϵ = 2−3 ϵ = 2−6 ϵ = 2−9 RSM 6.0× 10−39 1.9× 10−36 1.1× 10−5 SRKM4 5.3× 10−8 1.7× 10−6 Math, 17 (4) (2024), 4211-4224 4221 Table 4: Comparison between different methods with different values of ϵ. Maximum Error Numerical Methods ϵ = 2−3 ϵ = 2−6 ϵ = 2−9 RSM 1.4× 10−37 3.7× 10−36 4.9× 10−33 SRKM4 1.0× 10−9 2.1× 10−7 4.1× 10−5 IVT keywords: method; order; problems; rsm; solution; value cache: ejpam-5547.pdf plain text: ejpam-5547.txt item: #1215 of 2048 id: ejpam-5548 author: Al-Rawashdeh, Waleed title: On the Study of Bi-Univalent Functions Defined by the Generalized S\u{a}l\u{a}gean Differential Operator date: 2024 words: 5352 flesch: 70 summary: In this paper, we make use of the generalized Sălăgean differential operator to define a novel class of bi-univalent functions that is associated with the generalized hyperbolic sine function in the open unit disk D. In this paper, as an application of the Sălăgean operator, we introduce a new class of bi-univalent functions and discuss certain characteristic properties of this generalized function class. keywords: class; equation; following; functions cache: ejpam-5548.pdf plain text: ejpam-5548.txt item: #1216 of 2048 id: ejpam-5549 author: Park, Choonkil ; Donganont, Siriluk; Donganont, Mana title: Achieving Edge Consensus in Hybrid Multi-AgentSystems: Scaled Dynamics and Protocol Design date: 2025 words: 5078 flesch: 69 summary: In the framework of edge consensus, the objective is for the states of all edges in the network to asymptotically converge to a common value or consensus state through interactions and information exchange among neighboring edges. (3) Theoretical framework for edge consensus: The paper develops a theoretical framework that outlines the conditions necessary for achieving edge consensus in both di- rected and undirected topologies, contributing to the understanding of how edge dynamics operate within multi-agent systems. keywords: consensus; donganont; edge; graph; matrix cache: ejpam-5549.pdf plain text: ejpam-5549.txt item: #1217 of 2048 id: ejpam-5551 author: Cheng, Peng; Sulaiman, Jumat; Ghazali, Khadizah ; Ali, Majid Khan Majahar ; Xu, Ming Ming title: New Newton Group Iterative Methods for Solving Large-Scale Multi-Objective Constrained Optimization Problems date: 2025 words: 7534 flesch: 65 summary: The methods for solving multi-objective optimization problems primarily consist of classical optimization techniques and intelligent optimization algorithms. In order to solve these difficulties, we combine four methods such as the Weighted method, Lagrange multiplier method, Newton method and Explicit Group Gauss-Seidel iterative method to propose new Newton Group iterative methods such as 2 and 4-point Explicit Group Gauss-Seidel iterative methods namely as Newton-2EGGS and Newton-4EGGS for solving large- scale multi-objective constrained optimization problems. keywords: example; function; group; iterative; k+1; method; newton; optimization; problem; solution cache: ejpam-5551.pdf plain text: ejpam-5551.txt item: #1218 of 2048 id: ejpam-5555 author: Quije, Clint Joy; Mariano, Rochelleo; Ahmad, Eman title: Edge Geodetic Dominating Sets of Some Graphs date: 2025 words: 3888 flesch: 75 summary: The edge geodetic number ge(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of edge geodetic set. Edge geodetic domination number of a graph. keywords: dominating; edge; geodetic; graph; set cache: ejpam-5555.pdf plain text: ejpam-5555.txt item: #1219 of 2048 id: ejpam-5557 author: D'Costa, Liya ; Menaria, Naresh title: New Integral Transforms of the Extended k- Generalized Mittag-Leffler Function with Graphical Representations date: 2024 words: 5803 flesch: 59 summary: Beta function and its applications. Integral transforms of the s-functions. keywords: bk(ρ; ekg; equation; fractional; function; integral; n=0; transform cache: ejpam-5557.pdf plain text: ejpam-5557.txt item: #1220 of 2048 id: ejpam-5559 author: Ontolan, Jay; Malusay, Jeneveb; Kiunisala, Edward; Buloron, Joris title: Some Properties of the Bell-Based Apostol-Frobenius-Type Tangent Polynomials date: 2025 words: 4522 flesch: 77 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05A15, 11B68, 11B73, 26C05, 33B10 Key Words and Phrases: Tangent polynomials, Bell polynomials, Apostol-Frobenius- Type poly-Tangent polynomials, Bell-based Apostol-Frobenius-Type poly-Tangent polynomials, Stirling numbers, Appell polynomials 1. Bell polynomials, denoted as Bn(x), are another important class, defined by the gen- erating function: ∞∑ n=0 Bn(x) keywords: y;u cache: ejpam-5559.pdf plain text: ejpam-5559.txt item: #1221 of 2048 id: ejpam-556 author: Hussain, Malik Zawwar; Sarfraz, Muhammad; Hussain, Maria title: Scientific Data Visualization with Shape Preserving C1 Rational Cubic Interpolation date: 2010 words: 4474 flesch: 76 summary: , n− 1 in rational cubic function (1) to obtain positive curve through positive data. 3.1. Positive curve is produced in Figure 4 using positive curve data interpolation scheme developed in Section 3. keywords: data; hussain cache: ejpam-556.pdf plain text: ejpam-556.txt item: #1222 of 2048 id: ejpam-5562 author: Veerabathiran, G. ; Jagan Kumar, G. ; Donganont, Siriluk title: Stability Analysis of Parkinson's Disease Model with Multiple Delay Differential Equations using Laplace Transform Method date: 2025 words: 7804 flesch: 54 summary: [3] focus on the Pantograph DDE, a fundamental model in delay differential equations. The reviewed literature underscores the versatility and efficacy of the Laplace trans- form method in solving a wide range of delay differential equations. keywords: ddes; delay; differential; disease; equations; laplace; medication; model; parkinson; stability; transform cache: ejpam-5562.pdf plain text: ejpam-5562.txt item: #1223 of 2048 id: ejpam-5563 author: Alghamdi, Ohud title: Further New Operators in Primal Spaces date: 2024 words: 6731 flesch: 99 summary: Let r ∈ R and let O ∈ Γ0(r). Indeed, let r ∈ R and let O ∈ Γ0(r). keywords: let cache: ejpam-5563.pdf plain text: ejpam-5563.txt item: #1224 of 2048 id: ejpam-5564 author: Gasanov, Magomedyusuf title: Investigation of a Fourth-Order Nonlinear Differential Equation with Moving Singular Points of Algebraic Type date: 2025 words: 6961 flesch: 69 summary: movable singular points make nonlinear differential equations in general unsolvable in quadratures. The second method for solving this type of nonlinear differential equations is analytical. keywords: cauchy; equations; nonlinear; point; problem; singular; solution; theorem cache: ejpam-5564.pdf plain text: ejpam-5564.txt item: #1225 of 2048 id: ejpam-5565 author: Villa, Osmin Ferrer; Mart´ınez, Jos´e Naranjo title: Bounded $q$-variation Functions in Spaces with Indefinite Metric date: 2025 words: 6165 flesch: 86 summary: Functions of bounded variation in Krein spaces This section presents the fundamental theory of bounded variation functions in Krein spaces, which were introduced by Ferrer, Naranjo and Guzmán [4] Let (K = K+ ˙[+]K−, [·, ·]) be a Krein space and let f : [a, b]→ K a strongly of bounded variation function in [a, b] on (K = K+ ˙[+]K−), suppose that c in (a, b), then f is strongly of bounded variation in [a, c] and in [c, b] on (K = K+ ˙[+]K−). keywords: krein; space; variation cache: ejpam-5565.pdf plain text: ejpam-5565.txt item: #1226 of 2048 id: ejpam-5566 author: Mame, Realiza title: Some Generator Subgraphs of the Square of a Cycle date: 2024 words: 4960 flesch: 85 summary: Generator graphs. This paper provides characterization for the star graph, path graph, (3, r)− tadpole graph, and kite graph Ktr,s so that these classes of graphs are generator subgraphs of the square of a cycle. keywords: generator; subgraph cache: ejpam-5566.pdf plain text: ejpam-5566.txt item: #1227 of 2048 id: ejpam-5567 author: Nawaz, Mubashir ; Liu, Yuxin ; Ramaswamy, Seethalakshmi ; Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Analysis of Some Structures in Ternary Soft Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 19153 flesch: 82 summary: The objective of this research is to explore ternary soft sets over three initial universal sets, incorporating a parameter set, also known as the set of decision variables. The behavior and properties of ternary soft sets are analyzed, with examples provided for clarification. keywords: open; set; sets; space; ternary cache: ejpam-5567.pdf plain text: ejpam-5567.txt item: #1228 of 2048 id: ejpam-5569 author: NourEldeen, Nawal M.; Badr, Elsayed; Shabana, Hanan; Abdel-Aal, M. E. title: Upper Bound of Radio Span for Shadow-path Network and Its Mathematical Modeling date: 2025 words: 9457 flesch: 85 summary: [(n+ 2) + (2n+ 7)(k − 2) + 2(k − 2)(k − 3)+ + (2n+ 1) + (n+ 1)(k − 1) + 2(k − 1)(k − 2)]| = |(2n+ 7)(k − 1) + 2(k − 2)(k − 3) + (2n+ 1) + (n+ 1)(k − 1)+ + 2(k − 1)(k − 2)| ≥ n, where n = 4k, d(x, y) ≥ 1 ≥ diam(D2(Pn)) + 1− d(x, y) case 9If {x, y} = {v1, v3k−1} then |f(x)− f(y)| = |f(v1)− keywords: d(x; j ≤; radio; ≤ k cache: ejpam-5569.pdf plain text: ejpam-5569.txt item: #1229 of 2048 id: ejpam-5570 author: Boonpok, Chawalit ; Sama-ae, Areeyuth; Raktaow, Palin title: Characterizations of Generalized Paracompactness in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 6562 flesch: 81 summary: For every closed subset F of X and every x ̸∈ F , there exist disjoint δ-βI-open sets U and V such that x ∈ U and F − V ∈ I. (ii) As F − ∪{Wy : y ∈ F} = F − (∪{Wy : y ∈ F} ∪ {G}) ⊂ X − (∪{Wy : y ∈ F} ∪ {G}), we get that F −∪{Wy : y ∈ F} ∈ I. It follows that V = ∪{Wy : y ∈ F} is a δ-βI-open set in X and F − V ∈ I. keywords: open cache: ejpam-5570.pdf plain text: ejpam-5570.txt item: #1230 of 2048 id: ejpam-5571 author: Phokaew, Chanpen ; Sama-ae, Areeyuth title: Some Rigidity Theorems of Closed Geodesic Polygons and Spherical Curves in Metric Spaces with Curvature Bounded Below date: 2024 words: 7100 flesch: 85 summary: We will start by describing a triangle in metric space with curvature bounded below whose convex hull is isometric to a comparison triangle’s convex hull in model space RK . [1–5, 13] introduced lower and upper curvature bounds on metric spaces without Riemannian structure, which extended concepts to arbitrary spaces. keywords: space cache: ejpam-5571.pdf plain text: ejpam-5571.txt item: #1231 of 2048 id: ejpam-5572 author: AbuHijleh, Eman ; Alkouri, Abd Ulazeez title: Some Algebraic structures of Complex Fermatean Fuzzy Subgroups date: 2025 words: 7984 flesch: 85 summary: Complex fuzzy groups based on rosenfeld’s approach. al. defined complex fuzzy set (CFS) on a crisp set in 2002 keywords: cffsg; fermatean; fuzzy; group; set; sets; subgroup; ∗ y cache: ejpam-5572.pdf plain text: ejpam-5572.txt item: #1232 of 2048 id: ejpam-5573 author: Alsharari, Fahad ; Taha, Osama ; Taha, Islam title: Some New Types of Fuzzy Closed Sets, SeparationAxioms, and Compactness via Double Fuzzy Topologies date: 2024 words: 8120 flesch: 89 summary: I◦, and s ∈ I1, then we have (i) ν is called an (r, s)-fsc ⟨resp., (r, s)-fpc and (r, s)-frc⟩ set if ν ≥ Iη,η∗(Cη,η∗ (ν, r, s), r, s) ⟨resp., ν ≥ Math, 17 (4) (2024), 4093-4111 4097 Definition 6. Let (V, η, η∗) be a dfts, ν, ρ ∈ IV , r ∈ I◦, and s ∈ I1, then we have: (i) ρ is called an (r, s)-strongly generalized fuzzy semi-closed ⟨briefly, (r, s)− g⊖fsc⟩ if SCη,η∗(ρ, r, s) ≤ ν whenever ρ ≤ ν and ν is (r, s)− gfo set, (ii) ρ is called an (r, s)-strongly∗ generalized fuzzy semi-closed ⟨briefly, (r, s)− g⊛fsc⟩ if SCη,η∗(ρ, r, s) ≤ ν whenever ρ ≤ ν and ν is (r, s)− gfso set. keywords: fuzzy; set cache: ejpam-5573.pdf plain text: ejpam-5573.txt item: #1233 of 2048 id: ejpam-5575 author: Wani, Shahid Ahmad; Patil, Shivtej ; Ramirez, William; Hernandez, Juan title: Some Families of Differential Equations for Multivariate Hybrid Special Polynomials Associated with Frobenius-Genocchi Polynomials date: 2025 words: 8197 flesch: 61 summary: = η1 GEF n (η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ)+2n η2 GEF n−1(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ) +3n(n−1) η3GEF n−2(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ)+· · ·+n(n−1) · · · (n−m+1)mηm GEF n−m(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ) = ( η1 − n+1 2(1−λ) ) GEF n (η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ) + 2nη2 GEF n−1(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ) +3n(n− 1)η3 GEF n−2(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ) + · · ·+ n(n− 1)(n− 2) · · · (n−m+ 1) ηm GEF n−m(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ)− 1 1−λ n+1∑ k=2 ( n+1 k ) GEF n−k+1(η1, η2, η3, · · · , ηm;λ) keywords: equations; gef; polynomials; ηm;λ cache: ejpam-5575.pdf plain text: ejpam-5575.txt item: #1234 of 2048 id: ejpam-5576 author: Abdulrhman, Thwiba title: Stability Analysis of Fractional Chaotic and Fractional-Order Hyperchain Systems Using Lyapunov Functions date: 2025 words: 5023 flesch: 55 summary: Stability control of fractional chaotic systems based on a simple lyapunov function. Stability control of fractional chaotic systems based on a simple lyapunov function. keywords: analysis; derivative; fractional; function; khalid; lorenz; order; pure; stability; system cache: ejpam-5576.pdf plain text: ejpam-5576.txt item: #1235 of 2048 id: ejpam-5578 author: Oudetallah, Jamal ; Alharbi, Rehab; Batiha, Iqbal; Rawashdeh, Salsabiela ; Amourah, Ala title: Some Types of Tri-Lindelöfness Spaces date: 2025 words: 7904 flesch: 76 summary: In the next section, we introduce the fundamental concepts of topological spaces and tri-topological spaces, along with key notions in tri-topological spaces, such as open and closed sets, derived sets, closure sets, interior and exterior sets, and separation axioms. We then discuss the Lindelöf property in tri-topological spaces, analyze its characteristics, and examine its applicability to other spaces. keywords: open; space; tri cache: ejpam-5578.pdf plain text: ejpam-5578.txt item: #1236 of 2048 id: ejpam-5581 author: Alaidrous, Amel; Ashraf, Hameed title: Thermal and Concentration Analysis of Mucociliary Johnson-Segalman Fluid Flow in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease date: 2025 words: 10777 flesch: 68 summary: We use respectively the k = A and k = P in the superscript to repre- sent the ACL and PCL. (55) for k = P yield respectively the ACL and PCL velocities. keywords: acl; airway; ashraf; concentration; dxp0; fluid; mucus; pcl; temperature; velocity cache: ejpam-5581.pdf plain text: ejpam-5581.txt item: #1237 of 2048 id: ejpam-5583 author: Saadeh, Rania ; Al-Wadi, Alaa ; Qazza, Ahmad title: Advancing Solutions for Fractional Differential Equations: Integrating the Sawi Transform with Iterative Methods date: 2025 words: 5053 flesch: 73 summary: This paper presents a powerful approach to solving fractional differential equations by combining the Sawi transform with iterative methods, particularly the Sawi iterative method. We begin by reviewing the fundamental properties and theoretical aspects of the Sawi transform, demonstrating its effectiveness in simplifying and solving fractional differential equations. keywords: differential; equations cache: ejpam-5583.pdf plain text: ejpam-5583.txt item: #1238 of 2048 id: ejpam-5586 author: Rashid, Mohammad H.M.; Mohammad Salameh, Wael Mahmoud title: New Improvements to Heron and Heinz Inequality Using Matrix Techniques date: 2025 words: 7705 flesch: 79 summary: = ∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣(1− ϑ)T 1/2XS1/2 + ϑ ( TX +XS 2 )∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣, (13) This definition involves matrices T , S, and X, subject to the conditions that T and S belong to the set of positive definite matrices in C, denoted as M++ n (C), and X is a member of the set of n× n matrices over C, denoted as Mn(C). Utilizations of the improved Young-type inequalities for traces, determinants, and norms of positive definite matrices In this section, we introduce a collection of improved Young-type inequalities designed specifically for traces, determinants, and norms of positive semi-definite matrices. keywords: k=1 cache: ejpam-5586.pdf plain text: ejpam-5586.txt item: #1239 of 2048 id: ejpam-5587 author: Rashid, Mohammad H.M.; Alnabulsi, Salam title: On the Closability of Class Totally Paranormal Operators date: 2025 words: 8409 flesch: 83 summary: On H = ker(T − µI)⊕ ker(T − µI)⊥, T − µI can be decomposed as T − µI = [ 0 T12 0 T22 − µI|ker(T−µI)⊥ ] , where T22 = P |ker(T−µI)⊥T |ker(T−µI)⊥ . T is called totally paranormal [22] if T − µI is paranormal for every µ ∈ C. That is, ∥(T − µI)x∥2 ≤∥∥(T − µI)2x ∥∥ ∥x∥ for all x ∈ X and µ ∈ C. keywords: d(t; ker(t; operator; paranormal; ran(t; theorem; σ(t cache: ejpam-5587.pdf plain text: ejpam-5587.txt item: #1240 of 2048 id: ejpam-5591 author: Almutairi, Alanoud title: Fourth-Order Differential Equations: Asymptotic andOscillatory Behaviors of Solutions date: 2025 words: 3977 flesch: 79 summary: By Lemma 4, we see (11) holds and from Lemma 1 with U = σ (η) , V = (p− 1) εη2/ ( 2 (κ (η)µ (η))1/(p−1) ) and η = ζ, we get ζ ′ (η) ≤ −ϱ (η) + ( 2 εη2 )(p−1) κ (η)µ (η) (σ (η))(p−1)+1 pp . Lemma 1 is used with U = σ∗ (η) , V = 1/ς (η) , p = 2 and η = w, We obtainThe formula is ζ ′ (η) ≤ −ϱ∗ (η) + 1 4 ς (η) (σ∗ (η))2 . keywords: differential; equations; p−1 cache: ejpam-5591.pdf plain text: ejpam-5591.txt item: #1241 of 2048 id: ejpam-5592 author: Hammad, Hasanen A.; De la Sen, Manuel title: Gronwall-Type Inequalities and Qualitative Studies onHigher-Variable Orders of Atangana-Baleanu Fractional Operators via Increasing Functions date: 2024 words: 6697 flesch: 81 summary: κ ψ′(r)Lθu ( −θu 1− θu (ψ(z)− ψ(r))θu ) ℘ (k+1) ψ (r) dr = Λ(ϖu − k) (k + 1−ϖu) × z∫ κ ψ′(r)Lϖu−k ( − (ϖu − k) k + 1−ϖu (ψ(z)− ψ(r))ϖu−k ) ℘ (k+1) ψ (r) dr, where ℘ (k) ψ (z) = ( 1 ψ′(z) = k + 1−ϖu Λ(ϖu − k) RL ℜk,ψκ ℘ (z) + ϖu − k Λ(ϖu − k) RL ℜϖu,ψκ ℘ (z) , where ℜk,ψκ takes the form ℜk,ψκ ℘ (z) = 1 Γ (k) z∫ κ ψ′(r) keywords: fractional cache: ejpam-5592.pdf plain text: ejpam-5592.txt item: #1242 of 2048 id: ejpam-5593 author: Mezali, Zineb; Chergui, Mohamed El-Amine title: Handling Degeneracy in Multi-objective Transportation Problem: An Efficient Branch-and-Bound Algorithm date: 2025 words: 8898 flesch: 74 summary: D is a compact feasible region with a finite number of basic feasible solutions. Case 1: let Z(Xij) and Z(Xst) be the criterion vector of obtained basic feasible solution if (i, j) and (s, t) enters the basis, respectively. keywords: algorithm; method; motp; node; problem; set; snd; solution; table; transportation cache: ejpam-5593.pdf plain text: ejpam-5593.txt item: #1243 of 2048 id: ejpam-5594 author: Afzal , Waqar; Mehreen S. Khan; Mutum Zico Meetei; Abbas, Mujahid ; Jorge E. Mac´ıas-D´ıaz; Hector Varlas-Rodriguez title: Some New Fractional Hermite-Hadamard Type Inequalities for Generalized Class of Godunova-Levin Functions by Means of Interval Center-Radius Order Relation with Applications date: 2024 words: 12470 flesch: 81 summary: and ζ1 − ζ2 = [ε1 − ε2, ε1 − ε2], with the product ζ1 · +Φ ( (k−ȷ− 1)ε1 + (ȷ+ 1)ε2 k )] − 1 ε2 − ε1 ∫ ε2 ε1 Φ(ς)dς = k−1∑ ȷ=0 ε2 − ε1 2k2 keywords: convex; h(1− ♭; inequalities; ε1)d ♭; ε2 ε1; ς +; ς−1; φ(ε1; φ(ε2; − ε1; ♭ +; ♭ h; ⪯cr cache: ejpam-5594.pdf plain text: ejpam-5594.txt item: #1244 of 2048 id: ejpam-5595 author: El-Sayed, Mohamed F. ; Mostafa, Doaa M.; Alrashdi, Ashwaq M. F. title: Electrohydrodynamic Stability of Walters B′ Viscoelastic Dielectric Liquid Jet Streaming with Variable Velocity into Another Viscoelastic Fluid via Porous Medium date: 2025 words: 6977 flesch: 65 summary: It is also demonstrated that the Walters B′ viscoelastic liquid jet is more stable than an inviscid liquid jet, and the breakup process in the atomization mode of instability occurs faster than in Rayleigh mode since liquid jet instability is closely related to drop formation and breakup. Introduction The problems of liquid jet instability have attracted the interest of researchers for a long time since they have applications in numerous industrial processes and machines. keywords: atomization; instability; jet; liquid; m. f.; mode; rayleigh; sayed; viscoelastic cache: ejpam-5595.pdf plain text: ejpam-5595.txt item: #1245 of 2048 id: ejpam-5596 author: Khramrot, Pannawit; Iampan, Aiyared; Gaketem, Thiti title: Fuzzy \((m, n)\)-Ideals and \(n\)-Interior Ideals in Ordered Semigroups date: 2025 words: 5561 flesch: 88 summary: In 2020 Kehayopulu and Tsingelis [5] extended the concept of fuzzy semigroups to the fuzzy ordered semigroups and studied some properties of fuzzy left (right) ideals and fuzzy filters in ordered semigroups. Fuzzy semigroup. keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-5596.pdf plain text: ejpam-5596.txt item: #1246 of 2048 id: ejpam-5598 author: Sajid, Mohammad; Husain, Akhlaq title: Computing and Simulating Fractal Dimensions to Advance Sustainable Cities: The Road Networks of Buraydah, Saudi Arabia date: 2025 words: 6514 flesch: 63 summary: Urban road networks possess fractal characteristics due to ordered division and struc- tural layout of the road networks which contain inherent self-similarity and scale invariance. The planning and systematic structure of urban road networks have become an integral and im- portant part of urbanization which provides good connectivity, attracts industrialization, globalization and helps seamlessly in creating sustainable cities. keywords: buraydah; city; dimension; fractal; geometry; network; number; road; urban cache: ejpam-5598.pdf plain text: ejpam-5598.txt item: #1247 of 2048 id: ejpam-5599 author: Jebreen, Kamel; Kanj, Hassan ; Nawajah, Inad ; Chendeb, Nancy ; Amro, Rami M. title: Data Analysis and Irregularity Measurements in the Identical Structures of Carbon nanocones $\boldsymbol{C N C}_{\boldsymbol{t}}(\mathrm{m})$ date: 2025 words: 5053 flesch: 74 summary: Irregularity indices are topological indices by nature. 5.58 11.12 16.68 22.24 Al (ξt) 8 16 24 32 Irl (ξt) 3.24 6.49 9.73 12.97 Irlu (ξt) 4 8 12 16 Irlf (ξt) 3.27 6.53 9.80 13.06 Irf (ξt) 8 16 24 32 Irla (ξt) 3.20 6.40 9.60 12.8 Ird 1 (ξt) 5.55 11.10 16.65 22.2 Ira (ξt) 0.13 0.27 0.40 0.54 Irga (ξt) 0.16 0.33 0.49 0.65 Irb (ξt) 0.81 1.62 2.42 3.23 Irr (ξt) 4 8 12 16 Table 3: Depiction of irregularity indices with some test values for ξ4 = CNC4( m). keywords: irregularity; jebreen; ρµ∈e(ξt cache: ejpam-5599.pdf plain text: ejpam-5599.txt item: #1248 of 2048 id: ejpam-5600 author: Özen, İbrahim title: Weights of Codewords in Random Binary Linear Codes and Their Correlation Properties date: 2024 words: 3960 flesch: 84 summary: Conclusion We obtained the expectations of single and pairwise products of weights of codewords in random binary linear codes. On the weight distribution of random binary linear codes. keywords: binary; code; linear; nonzero cache: ejpam-5600.pdf plain text: ejpam-5600.txt item: #1249 of 2048 id: ejpam-5601 author: Yun, Yongsik ; Lee, Bongju title: Graphical Representation of Zadeh's Max-Min Composition Operator for Two 3-Dimensional Quadratic Fuzzy Numbers date: 2025 words: 5938 flesch: 76 summary: = { fα 1 (t)− gα1 (t+ π), if 0 ≤ t ≤ π fα 1 (t)− gα1 (t− π), if π ≤ t ≤ 2π and yα(t) = { fα 2 (t)− gα2 (t+ π), if 0 ≤ t ≤ π fα 2 (t)− gα2 (t− π), if π ≤ t ≤ 2π (3) parametric multiplication A(·)pB: (A(·)pB)α = {(fα 1 (t) · gα1 (t), fα 2 (t) · gα2 (t)) keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-5601.pdf plain text: ejpam-5601.txt item: #1250 of 2048 id: ejpam-5605 author: Ziane, Mohamed ; Al-Taani, Hussein ; Abudayah, Mohammad Ali; Zentar, Oualid ; Abu Hammad, Ma’mon title: Langevin Fractional System Driven by Two $\psi$-Caputo Derivatives with Random Effects date: 2025 words: 6926 flesch: 83 summary: f2(ξ, z1(ξ, ω), z2(ξ, ω), ω), ξ ∈ (0, b], lim ξ→0+ ξ1−ϑ1z1(ξ, ω) = Z3(ω), ω ∈ Ω, lim ξ→0+ ξ1−ϑ2z2(ξ, ω) = Z4(ω), ω ∈ Ω, where Z3,Z4 : Ω → G are random variables, Dϑi 0+ represents the standard Riemann- Liouville FD of order ϑi ∈ (0, 1] for each i = 1, 2 and fi : [0, b] The map u 7−→ f(ξ, u, ω) is continuous for all ξ ∈ I and ω ∈ Ω. (ii) keywords: fractional; let; γ(ϑi cache: ejpam-5605.pdf plain text: ejpam-5605.txt item: #1251 of 2048 id: ejpam-5608 author: Manuharawati, Manuharawati; Jakfar, Muhammad; Hamzah, Ahmad Taufik title: Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for the Equivalence of Statistical, Ideal, and Standard Convergence in G-Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 5752 flesch: 74 summary: Statistical convergence in g-metric spaces. Fixed point theorems in g-metric spaces. keywords: sequence; space cache: ejpam-5608.pdf plain text: ejpam-5608.txt item: #1252 of 2048 id: ejpam-5611 author: Flores, Greig Bates; Flores, Ann Leslie title: The Saks-Henstock Lemma and the Change of Variable Formula of the PU integral date: 2025 words: 5149 flesch: 91 summary: ψ ) − (P) ∫ [a,b] f + (P) ∫ [a,b] f − ∑ D2 f(η) ∫ J ψ ∥∥∥∥ ≤ ∥∥∥∥(∑ D1 f(ξ) ∫ I ϕ · φ+ ∑ D2 f(η) ∫ J (1− ϕ) · ψ ) − (P) ∫ [a,b] f ∥∥∥∥ + ∥∥∥∥(P) ∫ [a,b] f − ∑ D2 f(ξ) = ∑ D1 φ(x), and Df = {(η,J , ψ)} be δ-fine division of [a, b]. keywords: ∥∥∥∥ cache: ejpam-5611.pdf plain text: ejpam-5611.txt item: #1253 of 2048 id: ejpam-5613 author: Almutairi, Ohud Bulayhan ; Amer Latif, Muhammad title: Two-variable Trapezoidal Types Inequalites in Banach Spaces date: 2025 words: 13580 flesch: 92 summary: Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5608 16 of 33 − ∫ b a Y (t, d) (∫ d v α (t, r) dr ) dt− ∫ b a Y (t, c) (∫ v c α (t, r) dr ) dt − ∫ Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5608 28 of 33 − ∫ b a α (t, d) (∫ d v Y (t, r) dr ) dt− ∫ b a α (t, c) (∫ v c Y (t, r) dr ) dt − ∫ keywords: c α; drds ∫; v c; − ∫; ∫ b; ∫ d; ∫ t; ∫ u; ∫ v; ∫ w cache: ejpam-5613.pdf plain text: ejpam-5613.txt item: #1254 of 2048 id: ejpam-5614 author: Nour Eldeen, Nawal M.; Badr, Elsayed; Hagag, Ismail M.; Shabana, Hanan title: Graph-Based Approach to the Radio Assignment Problem in Wireless Communication Networks with Applications in Cryptography date: 2025 words: 7717 flesch: 77 summary: In literature, there are some algorithms for finding an upper bound for radio number of a given graph. The Upper bound of the radio number of a given graph G Input: The adjacency matrix of the graph G and the diameter D of G. Output: The upper bound of radio number of G. Begin 1: For all u ∈ V (G) compute, ds(u) keywords: algorithm; bound; cpu; graph; labeling; number; radio; time; ub2; vertex cache: ejpam-5614.pdf plain text: ejpam-5614.txt item: #1255 of 2048 id: ejpam-5616 author: Saeed, Abdulkafi Mohammed; Eldabe , Nabil T. M.; Ismael, Aya M. ; Ali, Saeed Mohammed Salman title: Impacts of Activation Energy and Modified Darcy Law on the Motion of Williamson Nanofluid over a Stretching Riga Sheet through Porous Medium date: 2025 words: 7574 flesch: 65 summary: − s23 − s s24 ) , s28 = s26+s27, s29 = s25−s28, s30 = 1+ s6 + s29, s31 = − (1 + s3 + s20) , s32 = − (s1 + s19) , s33 = s2 + s24, s34 = s5 + s28, s35 = 2s32, s36 = 3 s18 ,s37 = s s33, s38 = s34 √ 1/k+ s23, s39 = ( 1+ s)s21, s40 = ( 1 + √ 1/k ) s22, M. El-dabe Nabil et al. / Eur. + Nt Nb θ′′ − Sc λ e−E (E +m) (w − 1) θ φ = 0 (13) With conditions f = 0, f ′ = 1, θ = 1, φ = 1, η = 0 f ′ = 0, θ = 0, φ = 0 η → ∞ (14) Where We =Γa 3 2 x√ ν is the Williamson parameter, k = k0a ν is the permeability parameter, M = π j0M0 8 ρf a2x is the modified Hermann number, s = √ π2ν l2a is the dimensionless parameter, Pr = µ0cf kc is the Prandtl number, Nb = τ0DB(Cw−C∞) keywords: figure; flow; fluid; nanofluid; q = cache: ejpam-5616.pdf plain text: ejpam-5616.txt item: #1256 of 2048 id: ejpam-5617 author: El-Ajou , Ahmad; Burqan, Aliaa title: Employing the Limit Residual Function Method to Solve Systems of Fractional Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 6666 flesch: 73 summary: To demonstrate the procedures of the LRF method, we will be studying the following class of fractional differential equation systems: Dαui (x) = Hi (x, u1 (x) , u2 (x) , . . . This study aims to solve systems of fractional differential equations analytically using a simple new technique, the limit residual function method. keywords: fractional; solution cache: ejpam-5617.pdf plain text: ejpam-5617.txt item: #1257 of 2048 id: ejpam-5618 author: Alammar , Saud M.; Alshumrani, Mohammed; Özel, Cenap title: More on Ideal Topological Groups date: 2025 words: 6560 flesch: 79 summary: Ideal topological groups In this section, we define ideal topological groups and give their basic properties. In this article, we define and study the concept of ideal topological groups. keywords: group; ideal; open; set; topological cache: ejpam-5618.pdf plain text: ejpam-5618.txt item: #1258 of 2048 id: ejpam-5619 author: Al-Momani, Monther; Jaradat, Ali; Abughazale, Baha title: Double Laplace-Sawi Transform date: 2025 words: 4636 flesch: 87 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 44A05, 44A10 Key Words and Phrases: Laplace transform, Sawi transform, Double integral transform, Laplace-Sawi transform 1. Double Sawi Transform: Theory and Applications to Boundary Values Problems. keywords: transform cache: ejpam-5619.pdf plain text: ejpam-5619.txt item: #1259 of 2048 id: ejpam-5621 author: Habeeb Ibrahim; Dafaalla, Mohammed; Osman Abdalla Adam Osman; Ashraf. S. ELshreif title: Local and Global Weak Solutions for Elliptic Nonlinear Equations date: 2025 words: 5490 flesch: 81 summary: The following are recollections of estimates for um to [5, 12]:∫ Bs |∇um|pdx ≤ C ∫ Bs |∇vm|pdx, (10) and sup Bp |∇um| ≤ C (∫ Bs |∇um|pdx) ) 1 p (11) in the range p ∈ (0, s/2], with C = C(n, p, α). i | N1+ε 0 , consequently, as shown in Lemma 3 that 1/ ( ≤ {2x ∈ B1 i : s∑ m=1 |∇vm| > 2N0(λ∗ + ϵ) )1/2 ≤ C̄ε1+ε 1 λ1+ε ∫ {x∈B0 i : ∑s m=1 |∇vm|>(λ∗+ε)/4} s∑ m=1 |∇vm|1+δdx in that where C̄ = C̄(n, 1 + ϵ, (1+ϵ ϵ )1, α). keywords: 1+ε; m=1 cache: ejpam-5621.pdf plain text: ejpam-5621.txt item: #1260 of 2048 id: ejpam-5625 author: N. Ulal, Noor-Sharief; Hassan, Javier; Langamin, Mercedita A. ; Ulal, Noor-Han N. title: Characterizing 2-Distance Certified Hop Dominating Sets Using Co-Certified Pointwise Non-domination Concept date: 2025 words: 3690 flesch: 81 summary: Then by Theorem 4, OG and OH are co-certified pnd sets of G and H, Suppose that M = {v2} is a minimum co-certifed pnd set of ¯(K2). keywords: dominating; hop; pnd; set cache: ejpam-5625.pdf plain text: ejpam-5625.txt item: #1261 of 2048 id: ejpam-5626 author: Raza, M. Arif ; Nisar, junaid; Rehman, Nadeem; Vahid Darvish title: A Note on Nonlinear Mixed (bi-Skew, skew Lie) Triple Derivations on $\ast$-Algebras date: 2025 words: 3236 flesch: 89 summary: Introduction Let A be an ∗-algebra over the complex field C. For L,M ∈ A, we call [L,M]∗ = LM Inspired by the above results, in the present paper, we combined skew Lie product and bi-skew Lie product and defined nonlinear mixed bi-skew Lie triple derivations on ∗-algebras. keywords: lie; skew cache: ejpam-5626.pdf plain text: ejpam-5626.txt item: #1262 of 2048 id: ejpam-5627 author: Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Oner, Tahsin ; Iampan, Aiyared; Senturk, Ibrahim title: Intuitionistic Fuzzy Structures on Sheffer Stroke UP-algebras date: 2025 words: 5249 flesch: 77 summary: Their approach offers valuable insights into how dual prop- erties (such as anti-fuzziness) can coexist with standard fuzzy frameworks, laying a concep- tual groundwork for integrating intuitionistic fuzzy sets into Sheffer stroke UP-algebras. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), introduced by Atanassov keywords: fuzzy; sup cache: ejpam-5627.pdf plain text: ejpam-5627.txt item: #1263 of 2048 id: ejpam-5629 author: Hammad, Hasanen A.; Abdalla, Manal Elzain Mohamed title: Existence of Solutions to a System of Fractional Differential Equations With Applications to Beam Deflections date: 2025 words: 7855 flesch: 79 summary: In this manuscript, we introduce a novel system of fractional differential equations in- corporating both Caputo and conformable derivatives. Beam deflection coupled sys- tems of fractional differential equations: Existence of solutions, ulam-hyers stability and travelling waves. keywords: fractional; math; γjγ cache: ejpam-5629.pdf plain text: ejpam-5629.txt item: #1264 of 2048 id: ejpam-5633 author: Thongmoon, Montri ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Near $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 5649 flesch: 73 summary: Furthermore, several characterizations and some properties concerning (τ1, τ2)δ-semicontinuous multifunctions, almost weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous mul- tifunctions, weakly quasi (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, ⋆-continuous multifunctions, β(⋆)-continuous multifunctions, α-⋆-continuous multifunctions, almost α-⋆-continuous mul- tifunctions, almost quasi ⋆-continuous multifunctions, weakly α-⋆-continuous multifunc- tions, sβ(⋆)-continuous multifunctions, weakly sβ(⋆)-continuous multifunctions, θ(⋆)-quasi continuous multifunctions, almost ı⋆-continuous multifunctions, weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, almost α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunc- tions, weakly α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, almost β(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunc- tions, slightly (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, al- most (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, almost quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, c- (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, c-quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and s-(τ1, τ2)p- continuous multifunctions were established in [5], [28], [62], [3], [7], [17], [24], [6], [21], [20], Preliminaries Throughout the present paper, spaces (X, τ1, τ2) and (Y, σ1, σ2) (or simply X and Y ) always mean bitopological spaces on which no separation axioms are assumed unless explicitly stated. keywords: τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5633.pdf plain text: ejpam-5633.txt item: #1265 of 2048 id: ejpam-5634 author: Chiangpradit, Monchaya ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: $s$-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity for multifunctions date: 2025 words: 5603 flesch: 71 summary: Moreover, several characterizations and some proper- ties concerning upper s-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower s-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multi- functions are investigated. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C08, 54C60 Key Words and Phrases: Upper s-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunction, lower s-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunction 1. This paper deals with the concepts of upper s-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower s-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions. keywords: open; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5634.pdf plain text: ejpam-5634.txt item: #1266 of 2048 id: ejpam-5637 author: Rehman, Mutti-Ur; Aminov, Behkzod ; Alshehri, Mohammed N.; Mohammed, Mustafa M.; Mustafa, Arafa O. ; Abdalrahman, Nhla A. ; Magzoub, Mona ; Mahgoub, Hala S.; Hamed, Sakeena E. M.; Bashir, Runda A. A.; Bakery, Awad A. title: Spectral Properties of Structured Matrices in Transportation Problems date: 2025 words: 6699 flesch: 68 summary: Furthermore, we also provide numerical experimentation on the computation of singular values and pseudo-inverse of transportation matrices. Next, we give numerical examples on the computation of singular values and pseudo inverse of transportation matrices. keywords: appl; eur; math; matrices; matrix; problem; pseudo; pure; singular; spectrum; transportation; values cache: ejpam-5637.pdf plain text: ejpam-5637.txt item: #1267 of 2048 id: ejpam-5638 author: Bakery, Awad A.; Rehman, Mutti-Ur; Alshabhi, Salah H.; Alshehri, Mohammed N.; Mohammed, Mustafa M.; Mahgoub, Hala S.; Magzoub, Mona; Hamed, Sakeena E. M.; Taha, Khdija O. title: \(D\)-Stability Analysis of Structured Matrices Appearing in First and Second Order Economy Models date: 2025 words: 8274 flesch: 74 summary: Furthermore, new results are established on interconnections between structured stable matrices, structured D-stable matrices, and µ-values. The novel results on structured stable matrices, and structured D-stable matrices corresponding to first order dynamical systems are analyzed in section 3. keywords: ain; iin o; matrices; matrix; o o; o p22; p11 o; stability; system; µ-values cache: ejpam-5638.pdf plain text: ejpam-5638.txt item: #1268 of 2048 id: ejpam-5639 author: Alhawarat , Ahmad; Masmali, Sultanah; Masmali, Ibtisam; Al-Baali, Mehiddin; Ismail, Shahrina title: A Modified Conjugate Gradient Method with Taylor Approximation: Applications in​ Electric Circuits​ and Image Restoration date: 2025 words: 8068 flesch: 77 summary: The descent condition (DC), called the downhill condition, is written as ∇fT k dk < 0, ∀k ≥ 1. (7) is crucial in examining CG methods, which is also a crucial part in proving the global convergence analysis. Proposed CG method related to βFR k To maintain or improve the former useful behavior and rectify any formula related to βFR k , we construct a new 3-term CG method relying on [18] and based on Taylor’s expansion as given below: Let f(xk−1) keywords: alhawarat; method; pure; sk−1; ∇ft; ∇ft k cache: ejpam-5639.pdf plain text: ejpam-5639.txt item: #1269 of 2048 id: ejpam-5640 author: Almalki, Afrah; A. A. Alshaery; H. O. Bakodah; A.A. AlQarni title: A numerical Study of Cubic-quartic Optical Soliton Solutions in Birefringent Fibers date: 2025 words: 5433 flesch: 61 summary: A variety of nonautonomous complex wave solutions for the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear schrodinger equation with variable coefficients in nonlinear optical fibers. [33, 34] with cubic- quartic nonlinearity - not only in polarization-preserving fibers but also in birefringent fibers, which present a more complex scenario - various researchers have proposed differ- ent sets of optical solutions using analytical techniques to enhance the efficiency of optical signal processes. keywords: birefringent; fibers; iadm; nonlinear; solution cache: ejpam-5640.pdf plain text: ejpam-5640.txt item: #1270 of 2048 id: ejpam-5641 author: Alsolmi, Meshayil M.; Alshabhi, Salah H. ; Mohammed, Mustafa; Khalid, Thwiba A.; Magzoub, Mona ; Taha, Nidal E. ; Taha, Khdija O. ; Bakery, Awad A. title: On a New Stochastic Space with Applications to Nonlinear Economic Models date: 2025 words: 6656 flesch: 87 summary: The conditions (1c) and (a2): ∥δd̂∥p−qN = ∑ l∈N  ℏ̂ (∑l z=0 f 2 zqzδd̂z, 0̂ ) flfl+1 tl ≤ sup l |δ|tl ∑ l∈N  ℏ̂ (∑l z=0 f 2 zqzd̂z, 0̂ ) flfl+1 tl = C1∥d̂∥p−qN < ∞. Hence, δd̂ ∈ γSf (q, t). The conditions (2c) and (a4): Assume |d̂b| ≤ |k̂b|, for b ∈ N and |k̂| ∈ γSf (q, t). keywords: flfl+1; z=0; γsf; ∥.∥p−qn cache: ejpam-5641.pdf plain text: ejpam-5641.txt item: #1271 of 2048 id: ejpam-5643 author: Damayanti, Onik Febria; Darti, Isnani; Suryanto, Agus title: Dynamics of Deposit and Loan Volumes Model with Non-Performing Loan and Deposit Withdrawal Factors date: 2025 words: 8390 flesch: 76 summary: Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5643 6 of 24 −(β1 + β2)L1L2 − h1L 2 1 − h2L 2 2 ≤ (γ − w)D − γD2 k + (c1µ1 − c1 − σ1 − n1)L1 + (c2µ2 − c2 − σ2 − n2)L2. − c1 − σ1 − n1)L1 +(ξ + c2µ2 − c2 − σ2 − n2)L2. by taking ξ < min{c1(1− µ1) + σ1 + n1, c2(1− µ2) + σ2 + n2}, then we get dV dt + ξV ≤ (γ + ξ − w)D − γD2 k ≤ k(γ + ξ − w)2 4γ , dV dt ≤ k(γ + ξ − w)2 4γ − ξV. Clearly, the solution to a first order differential inequality satisfies V (t) ≤ k(γ + ξ − w)2 4ξγ + ( V (0)− k(γ + ξ − w)2 4ξγ ) e−ξt. keywords: bank; darti; deposit; equilibrium; loan; model; point; rate; suryanto; volume cache: ejpam-5643.pdf plain text: ejpam-5643.txt item: #1272 of 2048 id: ejpam-5645 author: Bouzendaga, Abderrahim; Abdelalim, Seddik; Elmouki, Ilias title: The Superfluous Kernel Property in First Theorems on Generalized Hopficity through Hereditarily Hopfian Groups date: 2025 words: 5094 flesch: 73 summary: In our present paper, we characterize generalized Hopfian groups within the category of Abelian groups, based on a series of results in the context of Hopfian hereditation. On generalized Hopfian divisible p−groups In this section, we characterize generalized Hopfian groups in the category of divisible p−groups. keywords: finite; group; hopfian; subgroup cache: ejpam-5645.pdf plain text: ejpam-5645.txt item: #1273 of 2048 id: ejpam-5646 author: Al-Tahan, Madeleine; Hoskova-Mayerova, Sarka; Al-Kaseasbeh, Saba title: Generalization of Bi-antiideals in Semigroups date: 2025 words: 4386 flesch: 82 summary: More precisely and inspired by fuzzy interior antiideals introduced in [2] and fuzzy antiideals of a semiring The history of fuzzy sets can be traced back to the mid-20th century when Lotfi Zadeh keywords: antiideal; n)-bi; semigroup cache: ejpam-5646.pdf plain text: ejpam-5646.txt item: #1274 of 2048 id: ejpam-5648 author: Aradais, Alkajim; Cariaga, Jerry Boy; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Connected Roman Hop Dominating Functions in Graphs date: 2025 words: 6441 flesch: 89 summary: = 3 if and only if G = K1 and H = K2 (or H = K1 and G = K2) or G = K1 and H is a graph with at least one isolated vertex (or H = K1 and G is a graph with at least one isolated vertex). Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5648 10 of 13 For the converse, suppose G = Kn and let S be a gammach-set in G. Since S is a hop dominating set, V (Kn) keywords: hop; γcrh(g cache: ejpam-5648.pdf plain text: ejpam-5648.txt item: #1275 of 2048 id: ejpam-5649 author: Kong-ied, Butsakorn ; Sompong, Supunnee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Rarely $s$-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)p$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 5522 flesch: 72 summary: European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 15(2):626–634, 2022. European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 15(3):1180–1188, 2022. keywords: σ1σ2; τ2)p cache: ejpam-5649.pdf plain text: ejpam-5649.txt item: #1276 of 2048 id: ejpam-5650 author: Chutiman, Nipaporn ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Near $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 7949 flesch: 75 summary: almost weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunc- tions, weakly quasi (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, ⋆-continuous multifunctions, β(⋆)- continuous multifunctions, α-⋆-continuous multifunctions, almost α-⋆-continuous multi- functions, almost quasi ⋆-continuous multifunctions, weakly α-⋆-continuous multifunc- tions, sβ(⋆)-continuous multifunctions, weakly sβ(⋆)-continuous multifunctions, θ(⋆)-quasi continuous multifunctions, almost ı⋆-continuous multifunctions, weakly (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, almost α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunc- tions, weakly α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, almost β(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunc- tions, slightly (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, al- most (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, almost quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, c- (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, c-quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and s-(τ1, τ2)p- continuous multifunctions were established in [5], [28], [66], [3], [7], [17], [24], [6], [21], [20], Preliminaries Throughout the present paper, spaces (X, τ1, τ2) and (Y, σ1, σ2) (or simply X and Y ) always mean bitopological spaces on which no separation axioms are assumed unless explicitly stated. keywords: open; set; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5650.pdf plain text: ejpam-5650.txt item: #1277 of 2048 id: ejpam-5656 author: Díaz, Stiven; Ramírez , William; Cesarano, Clemente ; Hernández, Juan ; Perez Rodriguez, Escarlin Claribel title: The Monomiality Principle Applied to Extensions of Apostol-Type Hermite Polynomials date: 2025 words: 4799 flesch: 74 summary: Some implicit summation formulas and symmetric iden- tities for the generalized Hermite–Euler polynomials. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B68, 11B83, 05A19 Key Words and Phrases: Appell-type polynomials, Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polyno- mials, Hermite polynomials, quasi-monomial 1. keywords: apostol; euler; polynomials cache: ejpam-5656.pdf plain text: ejpam-5656.txt item: #1278 of 2048 id: ejpam-5657 author: Rehman, Mutti-Ur; Hamed, Sakeena E. M.; Taha, Nidal E. ; Mustafa, Arafa O.; Dilmurodov, Khurshidbek; Mahgoub, Hala S.; Magzoub, Mona ; Bashir, Runda A. A.; Mohammed, Mustafa M.; Bakery, Awad A. title: Analysis of Stability, D-Stability, and Pseudospectra in Economic Modeling date: 2025 words: 6064 flesch: 71 summary: In [22], the most general general relationships between performance and robustness of dynamical system, and special type of matrix stabilities, that is, D stability and diagonal stability were studied and analyzed. We have made use of Eigtool to visualize the pseudo-spectrum of structured matrices across the dynamical systems. keywords: matrix; singular; stability; stable; time; values; −a)−1b cache: ejpam-5657.pdf plain text: ejpam-5657.txt item: #1279 of 2048 id: ejpam-5658 author: Anoche, Jesica; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Another Look at Hop Independence in Graphs date: 2025 words: 6820 flesch: 91 summary: = n if and only if G = Kn; and (ii) for n ≥ 3, αh(G) = n− 1 if and only if G ̸= Kn and there exists v ∈ V (G) such that G \ v = Kn−1. Observation 1: Let G be a graph of order n. (i) ∅ and cliques in G are hop independent sets. (iii) S = SG1 ∪ SG2 ∪ I1 ∪ I2 and satisfies the following conditions: (a) I1 ⊆ I(G1) and I2 ⊆ I(G2). (b) SG1 and SG2 are hop independent sets in G1 and G2, respectively, not containing isolated vertices. keywords: graph; hop; set cache: ejpam-5658.pdf plain text: ejpam-5658.txt item: #1280 of 2048 id: ejpam-5659 author: Abdulraheem, Waleed title: A New Septupling Point 7P Arithmetic Formula for LD Coordinate and Affine Over Binary Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem date: 2025 words: 4469 flesch: 77 summary: Fast multibase methods and other several optimizations for elliptic curve scalar multiplication. New quintupling point arithmetic 5p formulas for lǒpez-dahab coordinate over binary elliptic curve cryptography. keywords: appl; cost; curve; formula; point cache: ejpam-5659.pdf plain text: ejpam-5659.txt item: #1281 of 2048 id: ejpam-5662 author: Alanazy, Asma; Moatimid, Galal; A. A. Mohamed, Mona title: Insights in Inspecting Two-Degree-of-Freedom of Mathieu-Cubic-Quintic Duffing Oscillator date: 2025 words: 12121 flesch: 55 summary: The Duffing oscillator (DO) is a conspicuous example of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), particularly in simulating nonlinear systems [5], including micro and nanomechanical resonators. [32] Moatimid G.M., Amer T.S., and Ellabban Y.Y., A novel methodology for a time- delayed controller to prevent nonlinear system oscillations, Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control, 43(1), 525-542 (2024). keywords: a. a.; a. mohamed; frequency; m. a.; moatimid; nonlinear; oscillator; parametric; pure; solutions; system cache: ejpam-5662.pdf plain text: ejpam-5662.txt item: #1282 of 2048 id: ejpam-5665 author: Mohammed, Wael; Sidaoui, Rabeb ; Alshammary, Hijyah ; Algolam, Mohamed title: Random Wave Equation for the Stochastic Quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov Equation and their Exact Solutions date: 2025 words: 4327 flesch: 78 summary: In the end, by using the transformation we utilized, we may derive stochastic solutions to the SQZKE. Solitary solutions of Quantum Zakharov-Kuznets equations are a crucial area of research with far-reaching implications for our understanding of plasma waves in quantum systems. keywords: solutions cache: ejpam-5665.pdf plain text: ejpam-5665.txt item: #1283 of 2048 id: ejpam-5670 author: Jan, Rashid; Alsulami, Mansoor ; Abdul Razak, Normy Norfiza title: Modeling the Response of the Immune System to HIV-tumor Interaction via a Fractional Framework date: 2025 words: 6376 flesch: 62 summary: This streamlined formulation enhances the understanding of HIV dynamics. variations in immune system dynamics. keywords: cells; dynamics; hiv; immune; model; response; system; time; tumor cache: ejpam-5670.pdf plain text: ejpam-5670.txt item: #1284 of 2048 id: ejpam-5671 author: Aljurbua, Saleh Fahad; Hammad, Hasanen A.; Almutairi, Najat Bandar title: Existence of Solutions to a New Class of Fractional Differential Equations With Antiperiodic Boundary Conditions date: 2025 words: 6725 flesch: 81 summary: This study introduces a novel class of fractional differential equations characterized by antiperiodic parametric boundary conditions of order µ ∈ (2, 3]. Fractional differential equations can provide a comprehen- sive scheme to examine complex and regular systems in numerous fields, such as physics, biology, economics, engineering, social sciences, and material science keywords: b1−ξ; γ(µ−; ξ)(θ1−ξ cache: ejpam-5671.pdf plain text: ejpam-5671.txt item: #1285 of 2048 id: ejpam-5672 author: Surapati, Ramadevi; Akiri, Sridhar; Velampudi, Srinivasa Rao; Nagarjuna, Vasili B V ; Swethan, Potluri S. S.; Kapu, Bhavani title: Enhancing Reliability of Series-Parallel Systems: A Novel Mathematical Model for Redundancy Allocation date: 2025 words: 8705 flesch: 42 summary: This research examines the influence of several constraints, namely weight, volume, dimensions, and spatial limitations on enhancing system reliability, specifically regarding spare components for standard oil burners, including nozzle tubes and electrode brackets. [17], developed a mathematical framework aimed at improving system reliability under linear constraints. keywords: analysis; component; constraints; efficiency; method; model; parallel; phase; problem; programming; reliability; rβj; rβpj; series; system; table cache: ejpam-5672.pdf plain text: ejpam-5672.txt item: #1286 of 2048 id: ejpam-5673 author: Attiya, Hala; Ahmed, Nasr ; Salama, Fatema title: Total Edge Irregularity Strength of Star Snake Graphs date: 2025 words: 4109 flesch: 80 summary: In different fields in our life, like physics, coding theory and computer science, graph labeling plays a vital role and appears in many applications. A dynamic survey of graph labeling. keywords: graph; ζ−1 cache: ejpam-5673.pdf plain text: ejpam-5673.txt item: #1287 of 2048 id: ejpam-5675 author: Alqahtani, Mohammed Aeyed M title: Determining Electrical Vehicle Charging Stations using Dominance in Neutrosophic Fuzzy Directed Graphs date: 2025 words: 9163 flesch: 74 summary: The concept of dominations in fuzzy graphs, fuzzy directed graphs, intuitionistic fuzzy graphs, neutrosophic fuzzy graphs, and picture fuzzy graphs is well- documented in the literature. Our study fills two important gaps in the literature: it extends the concept of domination from fuzzy directed graphs to neutrosophic fuzzy directed graphs, and it provides a detailed characterization of dominations within this advanced framework. keywords: appl; arc; domination; fuzzy; graphs; neutrosophic cache: ejpam-5675.pdf plain text: ejpam-5675.txt item: #1288 of 2048 id: ejpam-5678 author: Al-hawary, Tariq; Frasin, Basem Aref ; Amourah, Ala ; Salah, Jamal title: Subfamilies of Bi-Univalent Functions Defined by Imaginary Error Functions Subordinate to Horadam Polynomials date: 2025 words: 3813 flesch: 80 summary: = FΩ(s, r, u, y, t, τ), in which FΩ(s, r, u, y, t, τ) the family of functions L ∈ Ω and satisfying the below conditions (1− τ) EL(℘) ℘ + τ (EL(℘))′ ≺ Υ(y, ℘) + 1− s and (1− τ) EV (ϖ) ϖ + τ (EV (ϖ))′ ≺ Υ(y,ϖ) + 1− s, where ℘,ϖ ∈ Θ, τ ≥ 0, y ∈ R. T. Al-Hawary et al. / Eur. For λ = 0 and τ = 1, we have, FΩ(s, r, u, y, t, 1) = FΩ(s, r, u, y, t), in which FΩ(s, r, u, y, t) the family of functions L ∈ Ω and satisfying the below conditions and (EV (ϖ))′ ≺ Υ(y,ϖ) + 1− s, where ℘,ϖ ∈ Θ, y ∈ R. Example 3. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-5678.pdf plain text: ejpam-5678.txt item: #1289 of 2048 id: ejpam-5684 author: Ahmad, Imtiaz; Jan, Rashid; Abdul Razak, Normy Norfiza ; Khan, Aziz; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Computational Study of a Meshless Approach for Multi-Term Time-Fractional Models in Drug Dispersion and Absorption in Biological Tissues date: 2025 words: 8604 flesch: 65 summary: Modeling anomalous transport in fractal porous media: A study of fractional diffusion PDEs using numerical method. Fractional calculus models of complex dynamics in biological tis- sues. keywords: ahmad; error; fractional; lucas; math; method; numerical; polynomials; pure; term; time; transport cache: ejpam-5684.pdf plain text: ejpam-5684.txt item: #1290 of 2048 id: ejpam-5685 author: M.Mirgani, Safa title: Comparative Analysis of Analytical Solutions for Seepage Flow Derivatives in 4D Porous Media date: 2025 words: 5400 flesch: 58 summary: By analyzing the convergence properties, computational efficiency, and solution accuracy of these methods, the study offers insights into their applicability to fractional seepage flow problems in porous media. Comparison of ADM, FDTM, and HAM for Seepage Flow Problem The HAM serves as a robust alternative for solving fractional differential equations, particularly where traditional methods like the ADM or FDTM encounter convergence or nonlinearity challenges. keywords: differential; fractional; solution cache: ejpam-5685.pdf plain text: ejpam-5685.txt item: #1291 of 2048 id: ejpam-5687 author: Shah , Zahir ; Ullah, Nekmat ; Jan, Rashid; Alshehri, Mansoor H. ; Vrinceanu, Narcisa; Antonescu, Elisabeta; Farhan, Muhammad title: Existence and Sensitivity Analysis of a Caputo-Fabirizo Fractional Order Vector-Borne Disease model date: 2025 words: 8222 flesch: 67 summary: Fractional order epidemic model for the dynamics of novel covid-19. The importance of fractional epidemic models lies in their ability to generalize tradi- tional approaches, offering greater flexibility in modeling various disease scenarios keywords: borne; caputo; disease; dynamics; fractional; model; order; pure; u 0; vector; γ(p cache: ejpam-5687.pdf plain text: ejpam-5687.txt item: #1292 of 2048 id: ejpam-5689 author: AL Natoor, Ahmad ; Alrimawi, Fadi title: Singular Value Inequalities for Concave and Convex Functions of Matrix Sums and Products date: 2025 words: 3331 flesch: 89 summary: = f ( 1 2 )∥∥∥∥[f(A) 0 0 f(B) ]∥∥∥∥ sj (f ([X∗X + Y Y ∗ 0 0 XX∗ + Y ∗Y ])) = t, t ∈ [0,∞) in inequalities (14) and (15), we have sj (XAY + Y BX) ≤ 1 2 max (∥A∥ , ∥B∥) sj ((X∗X + Y Y ∗)⊕ (XX∗ + Y ∗Y )) keywords: y y cache: ejpam-5689.pdf plain text: ejpam-5689.txt item: #1293 of 2048 id: ejpam-5691 author: Fahmi, Aliya; Shehzad Hassan, Muhammad Arshad ; Khan, Aziz; Abdeljawad, Thabet; Almutairi , D. K. title: A Bipolar Fermatean Fuzzy Hamacher Approach to Group Decision-Making for Electric Waste date: 2025 words: 9845 flesch: 67 summary: These kinds of issues are resolved by using the indication of fuzzy sets, which was projected by Zadeh in 1965. Fuzzy sets are widely applied in modeling uncer- tainty across fields such as decision-making and artificial intelligence, while intuitionistic fuzzy sets and others extend this framework by incorporating hesitation degrees, enhanc- ing applications in complex decision-making scenarios [31–33]. keywords: decision; fahmi; fermatean; fuzzy; j=1; making; math; n∏ j=1; operators; sets; waste; ;  cache: ejpam-5691.pdf plain text: ejpam-5691.txt item: #1294 of 2048 id: ejpam-5694 author: Abbasi, Anjum Mustafa Khan; Matloob Anwar title: Analysis of Hardy-type Inequalities Involving Green Functions and Taylor’s Polynomial Approximation date: 2025 words: 5869 flesch: 76 summary: Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5694 3 of 18 + ∫ a2 a1 G1(ϖ, τ)F ′′′(τ)dτ, (1) F(ϖ) = F(a2) + (ϖ − a2)F ′(a1) + (ϖ − a1)(ϖ − a2)F ′′(a2)− (ϖ − a2) 2 2 F ′′(a1) − ∫ a2 a1 G2(ϖ, τ)F ′′′(τ)dτ, (2) F(ϖ) = F(a2) + (ϖ − a1)F ′(a1) + (a2 − a1)F ′(a2)− [ (ϖ − a1) 2 2 + (ϖ − a1)(a− b) ] F ′′(a1) + [ (a2 − a1) 2 2 + (ϖ − a1)(ϖ − a2) ] F ′′(a2)− ∫ a2 a1 G3(ϖ, τ)F ′′′(τ)dτ (3) and F(ϖ) = F(a2) + (a2 − a1)F ′(a1) + (b−ϖ)F ′(a2) + [ (a2 − a1) 2 2 + (ϖ − a2)(ϖ − a1) ] F ′′(a1) − [ (ϖ − a2) 2 2 + (ϖ − a2)(a2 − a1) ] F ′′(a2) = 1 (n− 4)! (∫ a2 a1 B1(τ)F (n)(τ)dτ − F (n−1)(a2)−F (n−1)(a1) (a2 − a1) ∫ a2 a1 B1(τ)dτ ) .(44) keywords: a2 a1; inequalities; type cache: ejpam-5694.pdf plain text: ejpam-5694.txt item: #1295 of 2048 id: ejpam-5697 author: Rahman, Gauhar; Samraiz, Muhammad; Yildiz, Cetin; Abdeljawad, Thabet; Alqudah, Manar A. ; Mukheimer, Aiman title: New Generalized Results for Modified Atangana-Baleanu Fractional Derivatives and Integral Operators date: 2025 words: 7834 flesch: 79 summary: By expanding their kernels, the authors [8, 15, 27] has recently defined the gen- eralization of fractional operators. They used the (k, s) form of fractional operators to solve the Cauchy problems after proving them. keywords: fractional; g(ξ; r(δ; ℏ(a; ℏ(ξ)− cache: ejpam-5697.pdf plain text: ejpam-5697.txt item: #1296 of 2048 id: ejpam-5699 author: Ramesh, D. ; Baji, Shake ; Iampan, Aiyared; Prasad, R. Durga ; Satyanarayana, B. title: Bipolar-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Positive Implicative Ideals in $\mathcal{BCK}$-Algebras date: 2025 words: 8449 flesch: 78 summary: [6] A BCK-A G is considered to be a commutative if the following condition holds g1 ⋄ (g1 ⋄ è1) = è1 ⋄ (è1 ⋄ g1), (9) for all g1,è1 ∈ G. Definition 4. Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5699 17 of 20 M− B((g1 ⋄ è1) ⋄ (è1 ⋄ è1)) keywords: b((g1 ⋄; b(è1 ⋄; g1 ⋄; m− b; n+ b; ⋄ è1 cache: ejpam-5699.pdf plain text: ejpam-5699.txt item: #1297 of 2048 id: ejpam-5700 author: Adel, M.; Khader, M. M.; Alradaddi, I.; Alaidrous, A.; Mohammed, N. A.; Ismail, G. M. title: Numerical Analysis of Dissipative and Magnetized Reiner-Philippoff Nanofluid with Activation Energy and Cattaneo-Christov Double Diffusion Model date: 2025 words: 7060 flesch: 58 summary: [22] N. J. Vidyarani, M. M. Mahesh, Praveena, D. G. Prakasha, M. R. Krishanamurthy, K. G. Kumar, D. Abduvalieva, and M. I. Khan. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i1.5700 Email addresses: m.adel@iu.edu.sa and adel@sci.cu.edu.eg (M. Adel), mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), ialraddadi@iu.edu.sa (I. Alradaddi), aaaidrous@uqu.edu.sa (A. Alaidrous), namohammed@uqu.edu.sa (N. A. Mohammed), gismail@iu.edu.sa (G. M. Ismail) https://www.ejpam.com 1 keywords: concentration; flow; fluid; heat; model; number; parameter; philippoff; reiner; thermal; transfer cache: ejpam-5700.pdf plain text: ejpam-5700.txt item: #1298 of 2048 id: ejpam-5703 author: Rehman, Basit; Bin Iqbal, Muhammad Abdaal; Khan, Aziz; Almutairi, D. K. ; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Nonstandard Finite Difference Predictor Corrector Method for Quadratic Riccati Differential Equation date: 2025 words: 4582 flesch: 53 summary: Numerical integration of population models satisfying conservation laws: Nsfd methods. Riccati differential equation is 1st-order quadratic ode with several systems and control theory applications. keywords: differential; equation; method; nsfd; riccati; solution; step cache: ejpam-5703.pdf plain text: ejpam-5703.txt item: #1299 of 2048 id: ejpam-5704 author: Darania, Parviz; Alrikabi, Bahaa Hussain; Pishbin, Saeed title: Development of the Nystr\"{o}m Method for Weakly Singular Functional Integral Equations date: 2025 words: 5896 flesch: 71 summary: = ∫ t 0 P1,h(ti, w)lN,j(w)dw, ω2,j(P2,h, θ(t)) = ∫ t 0 P1,h(t, w)y(w)dw − N∑ j=0 ω1,j(P1,h, t)y(tj), T2,N (P2,h, y; θ(t)) keywords: equations; j=0; method; polynomials; θ(t cache: ejpam-5704.pdf plain text: ejpam-5704.txt item: #1300 of 2048 id: ejpam-5707 author: Kim, Hwajoon; Kang, Byeongjae; Yeun, Sunyoung; Lim, Eunyoung title: Proposal for a Generalized Convolution to Mitigate Heat Generation in Convolutional Neural Networks date: 2025 words: 2031 flesch: 58 summary: In this deep learning method, generalized convolution applies convolution only to spe-82 cific nodes and does not require pooling work. Without47 further mention, sp, sc, ss and si refer to pooling size, convolution size, stride size, and48 image size, respectively.49 A matrix B is called a submatrix of A if B ⊂ A and satisfies the conditions of a matrix.50 51 H. Kim et al. / Eur. keywords: cnn; convolution; generalized; matrix; pooling cache: ejpam-5707.pdf plain text: ejpam-5707.txt item: #1301 of 2048 id: ejpam-5710 author: Elsharkawy, Ayman; Elsayied, Hoda; Refaat, Aya title: Quasi Ruled Surfaces in Euclidean 3-space date: 2025 words: 6275 flesch: 80 summary: This paper introduces three distinct types of ruled surfaces, namely, the quasi- tangent surfaces , the quasi-normal surfaces, and the quasi-binormal surfaces. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53A05 Key Words and Phrases: Ruled surface, Euclidean space, Quasi frame, developable surface, minimal surface 1. keywords: curve; quasi; surface cache: ejpam-5710.pdf plain text: ejpam-5710.txt item: #1302 of 2048 id: ejpam-5711 author: Sarhan, Nihad Titan ; Abdulkhaleq Ali, Didar; Mohiaddin, Gohdar H. title: M-Polynomial and Degree-Based Topological Indices forIterative Graphs date: 2025 words: 4195 flesch: 79 summary: Plotting Representation Our figures 2D and 3D of M-polynomials and topological indices are obtained by Wolfram Mathematica. Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5711 14 of 15 References [1] A. Ali, W. Nazeer, M. Munir, and S. M. Kan. M-polynomials and topological indices of zigzag and rhombic benzenoid systems. keywords: benzene; indices; polynomial; topological cache: ejpam-5711.pdf plain text: ejpam-5711.txt item: #1303 of 2048 id: ejpam-5712 author: Amer, T. S.; Amer, W. S.; Fakharany, M.; Elneklawy, A. H. ; El-Kafly, H. F. title: Modeling of the Euler-Poisson Equations for Rigid Bodies in the Context of the Gyrostatic Influences: An Innovative Methodology date: 2025 words: 5674 flesch: 62 summary: This approach allows for the derivation of a system of motion equations with multiple parameters. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 70E17, 70F07, 70H45, 65L05 Key Words and Phrases: Nonlinear dynamics, Rigid body, Euler-Poisson’s equations, Gyro- static moment, Exact solution ∗Corresponding author. keywords: amer; body; curve; equations; euler; motion; rgb; solution; value cache: ejpam-5712.pdf plain text: ejpam-5712.txt item: #1304 of 2048 id: ejpam-5713 author: Canoy, Jr., Sergio; Bonsocan, Maria Andrea O. ; Hassan, Javier; Mahistrado , Angelica Mae ; Bilar, Vergel T. title: Super Vertex Cover of a Graph date: 2025 words: 6396 flesch: 89 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Vertex cover, super vertex cover, super vertex cover number 1. Motivated by the introduction of these several variants of the parameter, we introduce and initiate the study of super vertex cover of a graph. keywords: cover; set; super; vertex cache: ejpam-5713.pdf plain text: ejpam-5713.txt item: #1305 of 2048 id: ejpam-5714 author: Aldosari, Faten title: New Criteria for Guaranteeing Oscillation of Second-Order Differential Equations with Several Delays date: 2025 words: 5460 flesch: 82 summary: Assume that the series of functions {ϑn (t)}∞n=0 is defined as ϑn (t) = ∫ ∞ t (p− 1) / (b (s))1/(p−1) ϑ p (p−1) n−1 (s) ds+ ϑ0 (t) , t ≥ t0, n = 1, 2, 3, ..., (28) and ϑ0 (t) = ∫ ∞ t n∑ i=1 qi (t) (1− y (πi (t))) (p−1) B̂ (t) dt, t ≥ t0, where ϑn (t) ≤ ϑn+1 (t) , t ≥ t0. keywords: i=1; p−1; t t cache: ejpam-5714.pdf plain text: ejpam-5714.txt item: #1306 of 2048 id: ejpam-5716 author: Anoche, Jesica; Canoy, Sergio title: k-Hop Domination Defect in a Graph date: 2025 words: 6278 flesch: 94 summary: If v ∈ V (G), then (G +H) − v = (G − v) +H. Otherwise, (G +H) − v = G + (H − v). To see this, consider G = C4. keywords: |n2; γh(g cache: ejpam-5716.pdf plain text: ejpam-5716.txt item: #1307 of 2048 id: ejpam-5717 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Quasi $\theta(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 6658 flesch: 80 summary: This paper presents new classes of multifunctions called upper quasi θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower quasi θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions. Furthermore, several charac- terizations and some properties concerning upper quasi θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower quasi θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions are established. keywords: cl(v; θ(τ1; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-5717.pdf plain text: ejpam-5717.txt item: #1308 of 2048 id: ejpam-5718 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Weakly $s$-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 7036 flesch: 73 summary: A bitopological space (X, τ1, τ2) is said to be strongly s-(τ1, τ2)-normal if for every disjoint τ1τ2-closed sets F and K of X, there exist τ1τ2-open sets U and V having τ1τ2-connected complements such that F ⊆ U , K ⊆ V and τ1τ2-Cl(U) ∩ τ1τ2-Cl(V ) A bitopological space (X, τ1, τ2) is said to be s-(τ1, τ2)-normal if for each disjoint τ1τ2-closed sets F and K of X, there exist τ1τ2-open sets U and V having τ1τ2- connected complements such that F ⊆ U , K ⊆ V and U ∩ V = ∅. Theorem 14. keywords: σ1σ2; τ1τ2; τ2)-continuous cache: ejpam-5718.pdf plain text: ejpam-5718.txt item: #1309 of 2048 id: ejpam-5720 author: Khampakdee, Jeeranunt ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Nearly Quasi $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 7048 flesch: 76 summary: The complement of an α(τ1, τ2)- open set is said to be α(τ1, τ2)-closed. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2025, Vol. 18, Issue 1, Article Number 5720 ISSN 1307-5543 – ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global Almost Nearly Quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous Multifunctions Jeeranunt Khampakdee1, Areeyuth Sama-Ae2, Chawalit Boonpok1,∗ 1 Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Research Unit, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand 2 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand Abstract. keywords: multifunctions; open cache: ejpam-5720.pdf plain text: ejpam-5720.txt item: #1310 of 2048 id: ejpam-5721 author: Boonpok, Chawalit; Sompong, Supunnee ; Khampakdee, Jeeranunt title: Almost Weakly $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 5184 flesch: 79 summary: Furthermore, several characterizations of almost (Λ, p)-continuous functions, strongly θ(Λ, p)-continuous func- tions, almost strongly θ(Λ, p)-continuous functions, θ(Λ, p)-continuous functions, weakly (Λ, b)-continuous functions, θ(⋆)-precontinuous functions, (Λ, p(⋆))-continuous functions, ⋆-continuous functions, θ-I -continuous functions, almost (g,m)-continuous functions, pairwise almost M -continuous functions, (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions, almost (τ1, τ2)- continuous functions and weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions were presented in [33], [34], ∗Corresponding author. Preliminaries Throughout the present paper, spaces (X, τ1, τ2) and (Y, σ1, σ2) (or simply X and Y ) always mean bitopological spaces on which no separation axioms are assumed unless explicitly stated. keywords: open; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-5721.pdf plain text: ejpam-5721.txt item: #1311 of 2048 id: ejpam-5722 author: Srisarakham, Napassanan ; Sompong, Supunnee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Quasi $\theta(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 5045 flesch: 81 summary: A function f : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is said to be quasi θ(τ1, τ2)- continuous if for each x ∈ X and each σ1σ2-open set V of Y containing f(x), there exists a (τ1, τ2)s-open set U of X containing x such that f((τ1, τ2)-sCl(U)) For a function f : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2), the following properties are equivalent: (1) f is quasi θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous; (2) θ(τ1, τ2)-sCl(f −1(σ1σ2-Int((σ1, σ2)θ-Cl(B)))) ⊆ f−1((σ1, σ2)θ-Cl(B)) for every sub- set B of Y ; (3) θ(τ1, τ2)-sCl(f −1(σ1σ2-Int(σ1σ2-Cl(V )))) keywords: cl(v; open; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-5722.pdf plain text: ejpam-5722.txt item: #1312 of 2048 id: ejpam-5729 author: Muhsin, Waed ; Almarri, Barakah ; Jazmati, Mohammad S. ; Moaaz, Osama ; Elabbasy, Elmetwally M. title: Fourth Order Functional Differential Equations of Neutral Type: Enhanced Oscillation Theorems date: 2025 words: 6101 flesch: 70 summary: We concentrate only on those solutions of (1) that satisfy sup{|x (u) | : u ≥ U} > 0, for all U ≥ u0, i.e., it is a nontrivial solution. Moreover, as (Ω (u) /I123 (u)) ′ ≤ 0 and κ(2t) (u) ≤ u, we have Ω ( κ(2t) keywords: differential; equations; order; oscillation cache: ejpam-5729.pdf plain text: ejpam-5729.txt item: #1313 of 2048 id: ejpam-5730 author: Park, Sehie title: New Proofs of Fixed Point Theorems on Quasi-metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 8451 flesch: 82 summary: In the present paper, we give very simple proofs of fixed point theorems for various multimap classes in [40]. In Section 8, we give a few example of fixed point theorems which can not applicable our Theorem H. Finally, Section 9 is for epilogue. keywords: d(x; metric; point; theorem cache: ejpam-5730.pdf plain text: ejpam-5730.txt item: #1314 of 2048 id: ejpam-5731 author: Al-Rawashdeh, Waleed title: An Application of Legendre Polynomials to Bi-Bazilevic Functions associated with q-Ruscheweyh Operator date: 2025 words: 7572 flesch: 69 summary: This operator is introduced with the aim of generalizing the class of qanalogue of the Ruscheweyh operator within the set of univalent functions. In 1933, Fekete and Szegö [19] established the upper bound of the expression |a3−λa22| for univalent functions f , where the 0 ≤ λ ≤ 1. keywords: class; cos; equation; following; functions; operator; polynomials; rαq cache: ejpam-5731.pdf plain text: ejpam-5731.txt item: #1315 of 2048 id: ejpam-5732 author: Sama-ae, Areeyuth; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Characterizations of  $\delta_1\text{-}{\beta}_{\mathcal{I}}$-paracompactness concerning an ideal date: 2025 words: 6890 flesch: 79 summary: I : U ∈ τ and I ∈ I}. Since (X, τ∗, I) is δ1-βI-paracompact, U has τ∗-locally finite refinement V = {Gλ : λ ∈ Λ2} of open sets in (X, τ∗, I) such that X − ∪{Gλ : λ ∈ Λ2} ∈ I, where Gλ = Vλ − Iλ, Vλ ∈ τ and keywords: open; paracompact cache: ejpam-5732.pdf plain text: ejpam-5732.txt item: #1316 of 2048 id: ejpam-5733 author: Alshammari, Ibtesam ; Taha, Osama; El-Bably, Mostafa; Taha, Islam title: On r-fuzzy Soft δ-open Sets with Applications in Fuzzy Soft Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 9515 flesch: 87 summary: [23] defined the notion of fuzzy soft sets which combines soft sets [25] and fuzzy sets The notion of fuzzy soft topology was defined and some of its properties such as fuzzy soft continuity, interior fuzzy soft set, closure fuzzy soft set, and fuzzy soft subspace topology were obtained in [15, 20] based on fuzzy topologies in Šostaks sense [41]. keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-5733.pdf plain text: ejpam-5733.txt item: #1317 of 2048 id: ejpam-5734 author: Libao, Merliza; Abarca, Kyla B. title: Distance-2 Chromatic Number of the Central and Shadow Graphs of a Cycle and its Application to Computer Science date: 2025 words: 7791 flesch: 76 summary: In addition to chromatic and distance-2 chromatic numbers, graph theorists have also explored the properties of more complex graph structures, such as Shadow graphs and Central graphs. Central graphs, first studied by Sampathkumar and Walikar in 1974 keywords: color; coloring; graph; vertices cache: ejpam-5734.pdf plain text: ejpam-5734.txt item: #1318 of 2048 id: ejpam-5735 author: Alghamdi, Amjad; Alqurashi, Taghreed title: Note on the Affine Group Representations date: 2025 words: 2067 flesch: 68 summary: Po iss on int eg ra l Fourier transform Fourier transform Laplace transform Figure 1: Intertwining operators between affine group representations 4.1. • Quasi-regular representation on the real line. keywords: affine; group; representation; transform; wavelet cache: ejpam-5735.pdf plain text: ejpam-5735.txt item: #1319 of 2048 id: ejpam-5737 author: Ahmed, Samah M. ; Ismail, Gamal title: Statistical Inference Based on Censored Data of Entropy for Lomax Distribution date: 2025 words: 8514 flesch: 65 summary: [4] S M Sunoj and P G Sankaran, Quantile based entropy function. [31] M Ahsanullah, Record values of Lomax distribution. keywords: adaptive; data; distribution; entropy; function; i=1; loss; progressive; type cache: ejpam-5737.pdf plain text: ejpam-5737.txt item: #1320 of 2048 id: ejpam-5743 author: Ali, Mahamane Saminou ; Hamidine, Ibrahima; Tankary Banaou, Tankary Banaou; Hassirou, Mouhamadou title: Characterization of Three-dimensional Jacobi-Poisson Manifolds date: 2025 words: 5158 flesch: 87 summary: A straightforward computation show that [E ∧ Z,E ∧ Z] = ( −A ∂B ∂x − C ∂A ∂y −A ∂C ∂y − C ∂B ∂z −B ∂C ∂z ) ∂x ∧ ∂y ∧ ∂z. + 2π13 ∂A ∂x ) ∂x ∧ ∂y ∧ ∂z. keywords: jacobi; poisson cache: ejpam-5743.pdf plain text: ejpam-5743.txt item: #1321 of 2048 id: ejpam-5744 author: Mohammad Akram title: A Four-Step Semi-Implicit Midpoint Approximation Scheme for Fixed Point with Applications date: 2025 words: 7371 flesch: 80 summary: − ϱ ∥∥∥] ≤ εk 2 (∥ϱk − ϱ∥+ ∥θk − ϱ∥), where εk = (1− γk + τγk), which turns after simplification into ∥θk − ϱ∥ ≤ εk (2− εk) ∥ϱk − ϱ∥. (15) − ϱ ∥∥∥+ βkτ ∥∥∥(ϑk + θk 2 ) − ϱ ∥∥∥ ≤ τ 2 ∥ϑk − ϱ∥+ τ 2 [(1− βk)∥ϱk − ϱ∥+ βk∥θk − ϱ∥], which yields into ∥ϑk − ϱ∥ ≤ τ (2− τ) keywords: appl; mapping; math; point cache: ejpam-5744.pdf plain text: ejpam-5744.txt item: #1322 of 2048 id: ejpam-5750 author: Amulya Smyrna C; N. Nathiya title: Flux at Infinity of Subharmonic Functions on \(\mathbb{R}^2\) date: 2025 words: 4139 flesch: 76 summary: There is also a theorem in (Brelot [2]), by using a series representation for harmonic functions defined outside a compact set in R2, it states that given a harmonic function h outside a compact set in R2, there exists a harmonic function H on R2 such that |h−H| is bounded if and only if the flux at infinity of h is 0. Total measures of subharmonic functions and least harmonic majorants Proposition 3. keywords: function; harmonic; infinity; measure; set; subharmonic cache: ejpam-5750.pdf plain text: ejpam-5750.txt item: #1323 of 2048 id: ejpam-5751 author: Mohammed, Wael; Iqbal, Naveed; Alshammari, Hijyah ; Algolam, Mohamed title: New Abundant Optical Solutions for The Stochastic Heisenberg Ferromagnetic Equation Used in a Ferromagnet via Two Different Methods date: 2025 words: 4450 flesch: 75 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 35A20, 60H15, 60H10, 83C15, 35Q51 Key Words and Phrases: White noise, stochastic solutions, Jacobi elliptic functions method, random variable coefficients 1. We provide some figures for different solutions with varying noise intensity ν. keywords: solutions cache: ejpam-5751.pdf plain text: ejpam-5751.txt item: #1324 of 2048 id: ejpam-5753 author: Anitha, J. ; Manimegalai, R. ; Nithishkumar, S. ; Arthi, R. ; Govindan, Vediyappan; Donganont, Siriluk title: Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units using k-PowerDomination Number in Grid Networks date: 2025 words: 6031 flesch: 71 summary: [4] in exploring connected PD within graphs, with the NP-hardness of determining the domination number in connected graphs being firmly established. The paper focuses on identifying graphs where every vertex acts as its own power dominating set (PDS), contributing a list of such graphs. keywords: algorithm; domination; graphs; node; power; set; vertex; vertices cache: ejpam-5753.pdf plain text: ejpam-5753.txt item: #1325 of 2048 id: ejpam-5755 author: Donganont, Siriluk ; Witthayarat, Uamporn ; Donganont, Mana title: Impulsive Protocols for Scaled Consensus in Edge-Dynamic Multi-Agent Systems date: 2025 words: 6429 flesch: 68 summary: The burgeoning interest in edge dynamics has inspired a new wave of research aimed at solving edge consensus problems under dynamic topologies. Figure 1: The communication net work G ∪ G′. In order to solve edge consensus problems, we first transform the graph G∪G′ to its line graph, using the same methodology as [14], denoted by L(G ∪ G′), as shown in Figure 2. keywords: agent; consensus; donganont; edge; matrix; scaled; systems cache: ejpam-5755.pdf plain text: ejpam-5755.txt item: #1326 of 2048 id: ejpam-5756 author: Yasmeen, Bushra; Ahmad, Khalil; Fatima, Nahid title: Analytic Solutions of the Time-Fractional Date-Jimbo-Kashiwara-Miwa Equation via New Function Transformations date: 2025 words: 5987 flesch: 67 summary: The solitons and nonlinear wave solutions are depicted in each plot. We address previously unsolved problems in nonlinear PDEs, are deriving exact solutions for nonlinear wave equations with fractional time derivatives. keywords: equation; fractional; nonlinear; ode; solutions; time; wave cache: ejpam-5756.pdf plain text: ejpam-5756.txt item: #1327 of 2048 id: ejpam-5758 author: Dehghanian, Mehdi; Sayyari, Yamin; Donganont, Siriluk; Park, Choonkil title: Ulam Stability of a Pexiderized Additive-quadratic Equation date: 2025 words: 3926 flesch: 83 summary: ∥y∥p ) for all x, y ∈ E. Interchanging x with y in (14), we get ∥h(x+ y)− h(y − x)− 2h(x) + 2h(0)∥ ≤ ϵ ( 2∥y∥p + ( 6 + 24−p ) ∥x∥p ) (15) for all x, y ∈ E. By (12), (14) and (15), we have ∥2h(x+ y)− 2h(x)− 2h(y) + 2h(0)∥ ≤ ∥h(x+ y)− h(x− y)− 2h(y) + 2h(0)∥+ ∥h(x+ y)− h(y − x)− 2h(x) + 2h(0)∥ +∥h(x− y) + h(y − x)− 2h(0)∥ ≤ ( 8 + 24−p ) ϵ (∥x∥p + ∥y∥p) + 24−pϵ∥x− y∥p, M. Dehghanian et al. / Eur. [η (∥x∥p + ∥y∥p) + θ∥x− y∥p] for all x, y ∈ E and n ∈ N0. keywords: functional cache: ejpam-5758.pdf plain text: ejpam-5758.txt item: #1328 of 2048 id: ejpam-5760 author: Awad, Mohamed; Rakha, Medhat; Mohammed, Asmaa title: Generalized Extension of Watson's Theorem for the Series $_{3}F_{2}(1)$ date: 2025 words: 5521 flesch: 84 summary: − ξ(ξ − 1)] − (ν − ξ − 1)(ν − ξ + 1) [18], which takes the form: 3F2  ν, ξ, η ; 1 1 2(ν + ξ + 1), 2η  = Γ(1 2)Γ(η + 1 2)Γ(ν 2 + ξ 2 + 1 2)Γ(η − ν 2 − ξ 2 + 1 2) Γ(ν 2 + 1 2)Γ( ξ 2 + 1 2)Γ(η − ν 2 + 1 2)Γ(η − ξ 2 + 1 2) (2) where Re(2η − ν − ξ) > −1. keywords: η −; ξ +; − ν cache: ejpam-5760.pdf plain text: ejpam-5760.txt item: #1329 of 2048 id: ejpam-5761 author: M. Surya Priya; N. Nathiya title: Subordinate Average Structures on Random Walks date: 2025 words: 5169 flesch: 78 summary: If (−∆ ′ )s ≥ (−∆ ′ )p, then s ≥ p on N . so that s ≥ p on N . keywords: -average; -superaverage; function cache: ejpam-5761.pdf plain text: ejpam-5761.txt item: #1330 of 2048 id: ejpam-5764 author: Amourah, Ala; Oudetallah, Jamal ; Batiha, Iqbal M.; Salah, Jamal ; Alsaadi, Sultan; Sasa, Tala title: Some Types of Tri-Locally Compactness Spaces date: 2025 words: 5741 flesch: 82 summary: Let K1 and K2 be disjoint tri-compact sets. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47B38 Key Words and Phrases: Tri-locally compact spaces, Tri-topological spaces, Locally compact- ness, Metacompactness 1. keywords: open; set; space; tri cache: ejpam-5764.pdf plain text: ejpam-5764.txt item: #1331 of 2048 id: ejpam-5765 author: Hasan, Eyad title: Quantization of Singular Systems using Fractional Calculus date: 2025 words: 4218 flesch: 82 summary: = 1 Γ(n− α) ( d dt )n ∫ t a (t− τ)n−α−1f(τ)dτ (1) and the Right Riemann–Liouville derivative is given by: tD α b f(t) = 1 Γ(n− α) ( − d dt )n ∫ b t (τ − t)n−α−1f(τ)dτ (2) and these derivatives have properties as follows: aD α t f(t) = ( d dt )α f(t) (3) tD α b f(t) keywords: fractional; systems cache: ejpam-5765.pdf plain text: ejpam-5765.txt item: #1332 of 2048 id: ejpam-5766 author: Ali Eashel, Ahmet; Pishbin, Saeed; Darania, Parviz title: Convergence Analysis of Multi-Step Collocation Method to First-Order Volterra Integro-Differential Equation with Non-Vanishing Delay date: 2025 words: 11031 flesch: 80 summary: , n− 1, (∫ si 0 K(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )β1(s)ds, ..., ∫ si 0 K(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )βm(s)ds ) , l = n. D̃DD (.),l n =  (∫ 1 0 K̂(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )β1(s)ds, ..., ∫ 1 0 K̂(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )βm(s)ds ) , l = r − 1, . . . , n− 1, (∫ si 0 K̂(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )β1(s)ds, ..., ∫ si 0 K̂(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )βm(s)ds ) , l = n. GGG (.),l n =  (∫ 1 0 K(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )α0(s)ds, ..., ∫ 1 0 K(t (µ) n,i , t (.) l + sh (.) l )αr−1(s)ds ) , l = r − 1, . . keywords: k(t; step; µ−1 cache: ejpam-5766.pdf plain text: ejpam-5766.txt item: #1333 of 2048 id: ejpam-5768 author: Almuhaimeed, Areej title: Pythagorean Fuzzy HX-subgroups and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 5850 flesch: 94 summary: This study aims to establish the groundwork for a novel theory of pythagorean fuzzy HX-subgroup as it is the extension of fuzzy HX groups and intuitionistic fuzzy HX- subgroup. This study aims to establish the groundwork for a novel theory of pythagorean fuzzy HX-subgroups as it is the extension of fuzzy HX groups and intuitionis- tic fuzzy HX-subgroup. keywords: fuzzy cache: ejpam-5768.pdf plain text: ejpam-5768.txt item: #1334 of 2048 id: ejpam-577 author: Augustine, Germina Kizhekekunnel title: More on Classes of Strongly Indexable Graphs date: 2010 words: 4883 flesch: 86 summary: A labeling of a graph G = (V, E) is an assignment f of distinct nonnegative integers to the vertices of G; it is an indexer of G if the induced ’edge function’ f + : E(G)→ N, from E(G) into the set N of natural numbers, defined by the rule: f +(uv) = f (u) + f (v), ∀ uv ∈ E(G), is also injective. It is known that every finite graph has an indexer; hence, an indexer f is said to be optimal if f [G] := maxv∈V (G){ f (v)} has the least possible value υ(G) amongst all the indexers of G. Clearly, υ(G) ≥ |V (G)| for any graph G with a countable number of vertices. keywords:   cache: ejpam-577.pdf plain text: ejpam-577.txt item: #1335 of 2048 id: ejpam-5770 author: Hamja, Jamil; Sheikholeslami, Seyed Mahmoud ; Aniversario, Imelda S.; Cabardo, Lyster Rey B. title: Weakly Connected $k$-Rainbow Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 5068 flesch: 81 summary: Weakly connected domination critical graphs. Further insights into weakly connected domination can be found in [13–19]. keywords: rainbow; γwc cache: ejpam-5770.pdf plain text: ejpam-5770.txt item: #1336 of 2048 id: ejpam-5773 author: Gaber, Ahmed; Mohamed, Mona; Moatimid, Galal title: Maxwell Hybrid Nanofluid (Cu-Al2O3/Water) and (CuO-Ag/Water) Near a Stagnation Point above an Extending Sheet date: 2025 words: 9556 flesch: 49 summary: The numerical dual solution of stagnation point flow and melting heat transfer of Casson fluid induced by a stretching sheet was investigated [20]. Stagnation point flow is highly relevant in applications involving heat transfer and fluid dynamics near boundaries with localized forces or heat sources. 2.1. keywords: flow; fluid; heat; hybrid; moatimid; mohamed; nanofluid; nanoparticles; point; sheet; stagnation; stretching; surface; temperature; thermal; transfer; velocity; water cache: ejpam-5773.pdf plain text: ejpam-5773.txt item: #1337 of 2048 id: ejpam-5775 author: Akbeladi, Hadeel; Ozel, Cenap title: A New Product on Category of Welded Tangle-oids date: 2025 words: 2413 flesch: 76 summary: Also we can see welded tangle-oids category as generators of the category of tangle [5] and knotoids see [3, 6, 9]) with some more relations [WT13], [WT14] that are in the definition of welded tangle-oid category in section 2. [WT6] : (X+ ⊗ id1)(id1 ⊗X+)(X+ ⊗ id1) keywords: category; id1; oids; tangle cache: ejpam-5775.pdf plain text: ejpam-5775.txt item: #1338 of 2048 id: ejpam-5776 author: Romdhini, Mamika Ujianita; Nawawi, Athirah; Al-Sharqi, Faisal; Abdurahim; Hakim Maharani, Andika Ellena Saufika; Dani, Ifan Hasnan title: Eccentricity-Based Energies of Non-Commuting Graph for Dihedral Groups date: 2025 words: 4683 flesch: 90 summary: By Lemma 1, with a = 2, b = c = d = 1, n1 = n− 1 and n2 = n, we obtain PE(ΩD2n )(µ) = (µ+ 2)n−2(µ+ 1)n−1 ( µ2 − (3n− 5)µ+ (n− 1)(n− 4) ) . Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5776 11 of 13 (d) for n − 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n + n 2 − 2, n + n 2 − 2 ≤ i, j ≤ 2n − 2, and i ̸= j, aij = 1 4 (2(n− 2) + 2(n− 2) + 2 + 2) = n− 1; (e) for i = j, j = n− 2 + n 2 + i, i = n− 2 + n 2 + j, aij = 0. keywords: eccentricity; ωd2n cache: ejpam-5776.pdf plain text: ejpam-5776.txt item: #1339 of 2048 id: ejpam-5779 author: Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Oner, Tahsin ; Iampan, Aiyared; Senturk, Ibrahim title: On Length and Mean Fuzzy Ideals of Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras date: 2025 words: 7331 flesch: 79 summary: This paper presents a detailed exploration of Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebras, introduc- ing the innovative concepts of length fuzzy ideals and mean fuzzy ideals within an interval-valued fuzzy framework. Specifically, the study establishes critical relationships between length fuzzy ideals and mean fuzzy ideals, their hierarchical subsets, and their implications for algebraic consistency and computational logic. keywords: f̃inf(p; ideal; inf; length cache: ejpam-5779.pdf plain text: ejpam-5779.txt item: #1340 of 2048 id: ejpam-5782 author: Alsharari, Fahad; Qahis, Abdo title: An Introduction to Mixed $\mathcal{H}\big(\theta(\mu, \nu)\big)$-Open Sets Generated by Hereditary Classes in Generalized Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 4912 flesch: 85 summary: Then there exists M ∈ µ such that x ∈ M ⊆ cν(M) ⊆ A. Since c∗ν(M) ⊆ cν(M), we have x ∈ M ⊆ c∗ν(M) ⊆ A. Let µ and ν be two GT’s on a nonempty set X, and let H be a hereditary class on X. A set X is said to be H(µ, ν)-regular (or simply H(µ, ν)-regular) if for every x ∈ X and every µ-closed set F with x /∈ F , there exist sets U ∈ µ, V ∈ ν∗ such that: x ∈ U, F ⊆ V, and U ∩ V = ∅. Theorem 13. keywords: set cache: ejpam-5782.pdf plain text: ejpam-5782.txt item: #1341 of 2048 id: ejpam-5783 author: Gemawati, Sri ; Mashadi; Kartini; Musraini; Fitria, Elsi title: Sheffer Stroke BN-algebras and Connected Topics date: 2025 words: 4761 flesch: 76 summary: In Sheffer stroke BN algebras, homomorphisms are mappings that keep algebraic op- erations consistent. Furthermore, the notions of Sheffer stroke BN-subalgebras, BN-ideals, and BN-homomorphisms are defined, along with normal subsets of Sheffer stroke BN-algebras, and the relationships between these concepts are explored. keywords: psbn; sheffer; stroke; stroke bn cache: ejpam-5783.pdf plain text: ejpam-5783.txt item: #1342 of 2048 id: ejpam-5784 author: Alaroud, Mohammad; Aldosari, Faten title: Effective Analytical-Approximate Technique for Caputo Nonlinear Time-Fractional Systems Emerging in Shallow Water Waves and Hydrodynamic Turbulence date: 2025 words: 9084 flesch: 67 summary: On the other hand, the proposed method may face convergence issues for fractional equations with singularities or highly nonlinear terms. Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5784 4 of 25 LT-RFPS method to create series solutions of a hyperbolic system of time-PDEs with variable coefficients in the light of Caputo FD sense. keywords: fractional; i=0; j−1∑; solutions cache: ejpam-5784.pdf plain text: ejpam-5784.txt item: #1343 of 2048 id: ejpam-5787 author: Alraddadi, Ibrahim title: The Asymmetric Periodically Forced Van Der Pol Oscillator date: 2025 words: 7225 flesch: 69 summary: Moreover, Guckenheimer et al. observed that there can be can be chaotic attractors for return map F (13) by analysing the behaviour associated with canard trajectories [10]. = 1 τκ (γk sin(2πωt)− β − y) ẏ = α τκ (y − y3 3 + x) (2) which is a slow-fast system if α ≫ 1 . keywords: der; figure; map; oscillator; pol; return; system; van cache: ejpam-5787.pdf plain text: ejpam-5787.txt item: #1344 of 2048 id: ejpam-5788 author: Taha, Osama; Soliman, Ahmed ; Abd-Elmougod, Gamal ; Farghal, Alwageh title: Parametric Estimation for a new Pareto-type model Based on Constant-Stress Partially Accelerated Censoring data date: 2025 words: 12553 flesch: 68 summary: To address this, experimenters uses accelerated life testing (ALT) or partially accelerated life testing (PALT) to quickly gather sufficient failure data and A. A. Soliman et al. / Eur. Even though the major goal of partial ALT is to reduce the testing period of the experiment, the experimenter spends a significant amount A. A. Soliman et al. / Eur. keywords: a. a.; avg; data; distribution; estimates; estimation; function; i=1; likelihood; log; parameters; pure; soliman; step; type cache: ejpam-5788.pdf plain text: ejpam-5788.txt item: #1345 of 2048 id: ejpam-5790 author: Afzal, Waqar; Mujahid Abbas; Jorge E. Mac´ıas-D´ıaz; Mutum Zico Meetei; Mehreen S. Khan; Armando Gallegos title: Gradient Descent and Twice Differentiable Simpson-Type Inequalities via K-Riemann-Liouville Fractional Operators in Function Spaces date: 2025 words: 11030 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5790 6 of 30 U ⊗ D and a mapping (ν1, ν2) 7→ ν1 ⊗ ν2 of U × D into U ⊗ D, holds (ν1 + ν2)⊗ ν2 = ν1 ⊗ ν2 + ν2 ⊗ ν2 (λν1)⊗ ν2 = λ(ν1 ⊗ ν2) ν1 ⊗ (ν3 + ν4) Consider the eventually similar to the tensorial product : (Uβ)⊗ (DS) = (U ⊗ D)(U ⊗ S), that holds ∀U ,D, β,S ∈ B(ν2). keywords: + w; 1⊗d; inequalities; k w; s+k k; u ⊗; σ 2; ∆ ∫; ∫ ∆ cache: ejpam-5790.pdf plain text: ejpam-5790.txt item: #1346 of 2048 id: ejpam-5792 author: Gangwar, Amit ; Rawatb, Shivam ; Aydi, Hassen ; Aljohani, Sarah; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Fixed Point Results for Enriched Interpolative Type Multivalued Contractions via a Simulation Function date: 2025 words: 5583 flesch: 80 summary: [0, 1] and x, y ∈ U , the next inequality holds: ρ(u,W (x, y;λ)) Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5792 11 of 16 Example 2. Let U = [0, 1] be equipped with the Euclidean metric ρ(x, v) = |x − v|, for each x, y ∈ U , and T : keywords: metric; space; yn+1 cache: ejpam-5792.pdf plain text: ejpam-5792.txt item: #1347 of 2048 id: ejpam-5793 author: Ahmad, Imtiaz; Jan, Rashid; Abdul Razak, Normy Norfiza ; Khan, Aziz; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Exploring Fractional-Order Models in Computational Finance via an Efficient Hybrid Approach date: 2025 words: 8772 flesch: 65 summary: (CC BY-NC 4.0) Imtiaz Ahmad et al. / Eur. American Imtiaz Ahmad et al. / Eur. keywords: ahmad; appl; eur; figure; imtiaz; math; method; model; numerical; option; p(a; pure; solution; time; η = cache: ejpam-5793.pdf plain text: ejpam-5793.txt item: #1348 of 2048 id: ejpam-5794 author: Ishtiaq, Umar; Saleem, Naeem; Farhan, Muhammad; Aphne, Maggie; Chowdhury, Mohammad Showkat Rahim title: Fixed Point Theorems in Controlled Rectangular Modular Metric Spaceswith Solution of Fractional Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 5669 flesch: 86 summary: Fuzzy b-metric spaces: fixed point results for ψ-contraction correspondences and their application. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Controlled metric space, modular metric space, fixed point; existence and uniqueness, non-linear fractional differential equations 1. keywords: point cache: ejpam-5794.pdf plain text: ejpam-5794.txt item: #1349 of 2048 id: ejpam-5796 author: Dar, Javid; Sajjad, Irsa; Tamboli, Shahid title: A Comparative Analysis of Entropy Measures for Exponentiated Exponential and Truncated Exponentiated Exponential Distributions date: 2025 words: 3226 flesch: 68 summary: Many authors contributed to overcoming this problem and proposed different entropy measures. In this section, by following section 2.1, different entropies measures of EED and TEED are derived. keywords: entropy; teed cache: ejpam-5796.pdf plain text: ejpam-5796.txt item: #1350 of 2048 id: ejpam-5799 author: Wahi, Nadihah; Susanto, Marliadi; Kilicman, Adem title: A Fractional Model of Abalone Growth Using Adomian Decomposition Method date: 2025 words: 4498 flesch: 64 summary: Fractional growth model of abalone length. Exponential growth model also provide approximation the growth of carcinoma and melanoma properly [3]. keywords: abalone; differential; equation; fractional; growth; method; model; order cache: ejpam-5799.pdf plain text: ejpam-5799.txt item: #1351 of 2048 id: ejpam-5802 author: Amourah, Ala; Oudetallah, Jamal ; Batiha, Iqbal ; Salah, Jamal ; Shatnawi, Mutaz title: $\sigma$-compact Spaces in N$^{th}$-Topological Space date: 2025 words: 6326 flesch: 79 summary: proof: Let (K, η1, η2, ..., ηn) be nth topological space and K is nth σ-compact space and let K be a locally compact nth σ-compact space, and let K = ⋃∞ n=1M(ni), where each M(ni) is nth compact. Every second-countable compact space is nth σ-compact space. keywords: compact; nth; open; set; space cache: ejpam-5802.pdf plain text: ejpam-5802.txt item: #1352 of 2048 id: ejpam-5803 author: Khater, Mostafa title: Chaotic and Quasi-Periodic Behaviors in Ferromagnetic Materials: A Dynamical Analysis Utilizing the Truncated Mittag-Leffler Function date: 2025 words: 13135 flesch: 55 summary: Dynamics of propagation patterns: An analytical investigation into fractional systems. Despite the substantial advancements in fractional ferromagnetic models, a compre- hensive comprehension of the magnetization dynamics and phase transitions within the FCHFA system remains incomplete. keywords: derivative; dynamics; fractional; khater; magnetization; method; model; solutions; system; wave cache: ejpam-5803.pdf plain text: ejpam-5803.txt item: #1353 of 2048 id: ejpam-5807 author: Abu Awwad, Raed; Al-Momani, Monther; Jaradat, Ali; Abughazaleh, Baha'; Al-Natoor, Ahmad title: The Double ARA-Sawi Transform date: 2025 words: 3781 flesch: 86 summary: A new integral transform: ARA transform and its properties and applications. Double Sawi Transform: Theory and Applications to Boundary Values Problems. keywords: transform cache: ejpam-5807.pdf plain text: ejpam-5807.txt item: #1354 of 2048 id: ejpam-5812 author: Abd El-hay, Atef; A. Alsatami, Khalid; Elrokh, Ashraf title: A Novel Problem and Algorithm for Solving Cordial Labeling of Some Fifth Powers of Graphs date: 2025 words: 8065 flesch: 82 summary: The original concept of cordial graphs is due to Cahit[3]. One interesting application is to pro- duce new cordial families by using a technique called balanced cordial labeling, which can generate cordial graphs from two given graphs by taking one copy of one graph and j copies of another graph and joining them by an edge. keywords: 10(r; labeling cache: ejpam-5812.pdf plain text: ejpam-5812.txt item: #1355 of 2048 id: ejpam-5815 author: Alnoor, Fatima; Wahbi, Hajir ; Saadi, Fatma; Daoub, Rabeea M.A. title: A Mathematical Model for the Dengue Fever Epidemic with Vaccination and Treatment date: 2025 words: 6154 flesch: 58 summary: The studies on dengue fever vaccination look at various factors, including F.Alnoor et al. / Eur. However, only a handful of published studies concentrate on treating dengue disease, relying solely on ordinary differential equations [17]. keywords: dengue; disease; fever; mathematical; model; transmission; treatment; vaccination cache: ejpam-5815.pdf plain text: ejpam-5815.txt item: #1356 of 2048 id: ejpam-5816 author: Rahman, Gauhar; Samraiz, Muhammad; Yıldız, Çetin; Alghafli, Maryam Ali; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Advancements in Ostrowski type fractional Integral Inequalities via Applications of Jensen's and Young's Inequalities date: 2025 words: 6420 flesch: 79 summary: By utilizing the local fractional approach, fractional integral inequalities were generated by Sarikaya et al. Hermite–Hadamard inequalities for fractional integrals and related fractional inequalities. keywords: s− r; κ(s− r; σ +; σ r cache: ejpam-5816.pdf plain text: ejpam-5816.txt item: #1357 of 2048 id: ejpam-5819 author: Alsalafi, Amani; Shahbaz, Saman ; Al-Turk, Lutfiah title: A New Bivariate Transmuted Family of Distributions: Properties and Application date: 2025 words: 9137 flesch: 72 summary: However, in many situations, the jointly modeling of two variables is neces- sary, making bivariate distributions essential. Bivariate distributions also play a critical role, particularly in modeling extreme events. keywords: cubic; distribution; family; function cache: ejpam-5819.pdf plain text: ejpam-5819.txt item: #1358 of 2048 id: ejpam-5822 author: Akram, Saima; Riaz, Muhammad Bilal; Akram, Faiza; Amir, Fouzia; Khalid, Hareem; Sobirovich, Dexkanov Suxrob title: Sixteenth-Order Steffensen-Ostrowski Approach for Nonlinear Problems with ​A​pplications in Celestial, Predator-Prey and Neural Activation​ date: 2025 words: 10397 flesch: 68 summary: k j − y j)(k j − t j)(k j −ζ j)(ζ j − z j) + (t j −ζ j)(t j − k j)(t j − y j)g(z j) (z j − t j)(z j −ζ j)(z j − k j)(z j − y j) + g(t j) (t j −ζ j) + g(t j) (t j − k j) + g(t j) (t j − y j) + g(t j) (t j − z j) . Consider an analytic function E : C2 → C in the vicinity of (0,0), with λ = g(z j) g(y j) = O(e2 j) and µ = g(y j) g(k j) = O(e j). − k j)−g[z j,k j,k j](y j − k j) z j − y j , a3 = g[z j,k j,k j]−g[y j,k j,k j] z j − y j , b4 = (g[y j,k j,k j](S3 −S2)+g[z j,k j,k j](S3 +S1)+g[w j,k j,k j](S2 −S1)) −S2 1S2 +S1S2 2 +S2 1S3 −S2 2S3 −S1S2 3 +S2S2 3 , b3 = (g[y j,k j,k j](S2 2 −S2 3)+g[z j,k j,k j](S2 3 −S2 1)+g[w j,k j,k j](S2 1 −S2 2)) keywords: convergence; equations; g(k j; iterative; j −; j −ζ; j)(t j; k j; methods; order; t j; u j; w j; y j; z j; − k; − t; − y; − z cache: ejpam-5822.pdf plain text: ejpam-5822.txt item: #1359 of 2048 id: ejpam-5823 author: Shah, Syed Ali Haider ; Hafsa; Aloqaily, Ahmad ; Rahman, Gauhar; Elmasry, Yasser ; Haque, Salma ; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Dual Approach to the Generalization of Extended Bessel Function date: 2025 words: 7231 flesch: 84 summary: Researchers are currently working in area of generalized Bessel functions including k, (s, k) , (p, k), q-Bessel functions and also properties of Bessel, modified Bessel functions and generalized Bessel functions. Teodor and Hanaa [1] gave the graphical representations of generalized Bessel function, defined by: Wξ,a = x+ ∞∑ m=1 (−a)m 4m(1)m(ξ)m xm+1, x ∈ U where ( ξ = c+ d+2 2 ) /∈ {0,−1,−2, ...} and Pochhammer’s symbol defined by: (a)p = (a)(a+ 1)(a+ 2)...(a+ p− 1). keywords: |b| cache: ejpam-5823.pdf plain text: ejpam-5823.txt item: #1360 of 2048 id: ejpam-5824 author: Fahmi, Aliya; Khan, Aziz; Abdeljawad, Thabet; D. K. Almutairi, D. K. Almutairi; muhammad kashif Siddhu, muhammad kashif Siddhu title: Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczel-Alsina Aggregation for Effective Group Decision-Making date: 2025 words: 11645 flesch: 73 summary: [−e − ( n∑ P =1 λ(−InH− P )Λ ) 1 Λ , −(1 − e − ( n∑ P =1 λ(−In(1−L− P ))Λ ) 1 Λ ), −(1 − e − ( n∑ P =1 λ(−In(1−S− P ))Λ ) 1 Λ )  Step 4 Computing the score function Q(a) = 1 6 ( H + + 1 − L + + 1 − S + + 1 + H − − L − − S − ) Step 5: Find the ranking. Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5824 8 of 43 (P ) P1 ⊕ P2 =  [1 − e−(−In(1−L+ 1 ))Λ+(−In(1−L+ 2 ))Λ) 1 Λ , 1 − e−(−InM+ 1 )Λ+(−InM+ 2 )Λ) 1 Λ , 1 − e−(−InN+ 1 )Λ+(−InN+ 2 )Λ) 1 Λ ] [−(1 − e − ( −InL − 1 )Λ+(−InL − 2 )Λ ) 1 Λ ), −(1 − e − ( −In(1−M − 1 )) keywords: bipolar; decision; e −; fahmi; l −; making; n∑ p; p =; ξ −; − −; − ; − ; ;  cache: ejpam-5824.pdf plain text: ejpam-5824.txt item: #1361 of 2048 id: ejpam-5826 author: Khan, Abdul Rahim; Ugwunnadi, Godwin; Aphane, Maggie; Yousaf, Faizan ; Abbas, Amir title: Common Fixed Points of Asymptotically Regular Mappings in Convex Metric Spaces with Application date: 2025 words: 8452 flesch: 84 summary: If E is a function on a metric space Q into itself, then the set O(E, e) := {Ene : n = 0, 1, 2, 3, · · · } is called the orbit of E at the point e ∈ Q. E is called orbitally continuous at p ∈ Q if for any sequence {qk} ⊂ O(E, q) for some q ∈ Q, limk→∞ qk = p entails that limk→∞Eqk = Ep. ([7],Theorem 2.2) Suppose that (Q, d) is a complete metric space, E and F are asymptotically regular self-mappings on Q satisfying the following condition: d(Eq, Fp) ≤ µd(q, p) + ν{d(q, Eq) + d(p, Fp)}, ∀q, p ∈ Q (2) where 0 ≤ µ < 1, 0 ≤ ν < ∞. Suppose further that E and F are either k-continuous for some k ≥ 1 or orbitally continuous. keywords: point cache: ejpam-5826.pdf plain text: ejpam-5826.txt item: #1362 of 2048 id: ejpam-5827 author: Hosny, Rodyna A.; El-Bably, Mostafa K. ; El-Gayar, Mostafa A. title: Primal Approximation Spaces by $\kappa $-neighborhoods with Applications date: 2025 words: 13084 flesch: 77 summary: Primal is defined as novel structures designed to generalize rough set approximations beyond the traditional methods. Comparison between rough set approximations based on different topologies. keywords: primal; τpκ cache: ejpam-5827.pdf plain text: ejpam-5827.txt item: #1363 of 2048 id: ejpam-5828 author: Al-khamiseh, Bashar M. ; M. Alawaideh, Yazen; Issaadi, Hayat ; Muhammad Bilal; Abbas, Shajar ; Ghannam, Hala ; Baleanu, Dumitru title: Quantization of Dissipative Anisotropic Harmonic Oscillators date: 2025 words: 8555 flesch: 57 summary: All methods yielded consistent results, demonstrating the model’s robustness and its significance for understanding dissipative quantum systems. The quantum Bateman method has also been extensively studied for dissipative systems, offering valuable insights [3– 5]. keywords: dissipative; energy; equation; oscillator; quantization; quantum; systems cache: ejpam-5828.pdf plain text: ejpam-5828.txt item: #1364 of 2048 id: ejpam-5830 author: Laureano, Rosário D. title: Cocycles in Lie Groups, Cochains and Regularity Problem date: 2025 words: 5051 flesch: 66 summary: Veech obtained an important result in this direction in [10], where he establishes the C∞ Livschitz property for partially hyperbolic endomorphisms of the torus (i.e. showing that C∞ cocycles satisfying conditions relative to periodic orbits possess C∞ trivializations). From Livschitz’s foundational results to generalizations for C∞ cocycles and actions on mani- folds, this area continues to reveal profound connections between dynamical properties and cohomological invariants. keywords: cohomology cache: ejpam-5830.pdf plain text: ejpam-5830.txt item: #1365 of 2048 id: ejpam-5831 author: Azzam, Abd El-Fattah; Mareay, Roshdey; Abd-Elhamed, Gehad M. ; Aldawood, M. ; Ali, Manal E. title: Pretopological Spaces Induced by Rough Sets and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 4196 flesch: 73 summary: Rough pretopological approximation space This section introduces the application of pretopological space in rough approximation space. Conclusion This paper used the pretopological concepts to generate rough approximation space. keywords: approximation; rough; set; space cache: ejpam-5831.pdf plain text: ejpam-5831.txt item: #1366 of 2048 id: ejpam-5832 author: Razzaque, Asima title: An Investigation of q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Subgroups and Fundamental Isomorphism Theorems date: 2025 words: 8221 flesch: 86 summary: If ( µQ(ϵλϵ −1) )q ≥ (µQ(λ)) q and ( νQ(ϵλϵ −1) )q ≤ (νQ(λ)) q for all λ, ϵ ∈ V , then Q is a q-ROFNS of V . Then q-rung orthopair fuzzy left coset (q-ROFLC) of Q associated to λ is denoted by λQ such that λQ = {(ϵ, µλQ(ϵ), νλQ(ϵ)) : ϵ ∈ V }, where (µλQ(ϵ)) q = (µQ(λ −1ϵ))q and (νλQ(ϵ)) q = (νQ(λ −1ϵ))q. keywords: fuzzy; rofsg cache: ejpam-5832.pdf plain text: ejpam-5832.txt item: #1367 of 2048 id: ejpam-5834 author: Almutairi, Ohud Bulayhan title: New Inequalities for Differentiable Mappings via Fractional Integral Operators date: 2025 words: 4552 flesch: 75 summary: ∫ 1 0 (1−ϖ)ρ+1η′′ ( 1−ϖ 2 k1 + 1 +ϖ 2 k2 ) dϖ ∣∣∣∣ ≤ (k2 − k1) 2 8(ρ+ 1) ∫ 1 0 (1−ϖ)ρ+1 ∣∣∣∣η′′(1 +ϖ 2 k1 + 1−ϖ 2 k2 )∣∣∣∣ dϖ + (k2 − k1) 2 8(ρ+ 1) ∫ 1 0 (1−ϖ)ρ+1 ∣∣∣∣η′′(1−ϖ 2 k1 + 1 +ϖ 2 k2 )∣∣∣∣ dϖ ≤ (k2 − k1) 2 8(ρ+ 1) ∫ 1 0 (1−ϖ)ρ+1η′′ ( 1−ϖ 2 k1 + 1 +ϖ 2 k2 ) dϖ ∣∣∣∣ ≤ (k2 − k1) 2 8(ρ+ 1) ∫ 1 0 (1−ϖ)ρ+1 ∣∣∣∣η′′(1 +ϖ 2 k1 + 1−ϖ 2 k2 )∣∣∣∣ dϖ + (k2 − k1) 2 8(ρ+ 1) ∫ 1 0 (1−ϖ)ρ+1 ∣∣∣∣η′′(1−ϖ 2 k1 + 1 +ϖ 2 k2 )∣∣∣∣ dϖ ≤ (k2 − k1) 2 8(ρ+ 1) keywords: + ϖ cache: ejpam-5834.pdf plain text: ejpam-5834.txt item: #1368 of 2048 id: ejpam-5835 author: Kumduang, Thodsaporn; Wattanatripop, Khwancheewa title: Multisorted Algebras of Trees of a Weakly Fixed Variable date: 2025 words: 6166 flesch: 81 summary: Then we prove the following theorem which gives a necessary condition for any variety V to be weakly fixed variable. On a variety V of type τ , we let s ≈ t ∈ HIdwfv n (V ) and (σn)n∈N ∈ (Hypwfv n (τ))n∈N. Applying Theorem 2, we have σ̂n[s] ≈ σ̂n[t] ∈ Idn(V ) for all n ∈ N. Hence, s ≈ t is a weakly fixed variable hyperidentity in V , whence, a variety V is weakly fixed variable. keywords: terms; type; variable; wwfv cache: ejpam-5835.pdf plain text: ejpam-5835.txt item: #1369 of 2048 id: ejpam-5837 author: Khramrot, Pannawit; Chaisuwan, Paramaphon ; Keawton, Panara; Wangsamphao, Chadarat; Gaketem, Thiti title: Almost (m, n)-quasi-ideals and Fuzzy almost (m, n)-quasi-ideals in Ordered Semigroups date: 2025 words: 6214 flesch: 86 summary: Conversely, suppose that χB is a minimal fuzzy almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of T. Then χB is a fuzzy almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of T. Thus by Theorem 6, B is an almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of T. Let R be an almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of T such that R ⊆ B. Then χR is a fuzzy almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of T such that χR ≤ χB. Hence, R = supp(χR) = supp(χB) It is clearly, every fuzzy strongly prime almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of a ternary semigroup is a fuzzy prime almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal, and every fuzzy prime almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal of a ternary semigroup is a fuzzy semiprime almost (m,n)-quasi-ideal. keywords: fuzzy; ideal; n)-quasi cache: ejpam-5837.pdf plain text: ejpam-5837.txt item: #1370 of 2048 id: ejpam-5838 author: Noorwali, Maha; Hatamleh, Raed; Abubaker, Ahmad A.; Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Hamja, Jamil J.; Nordo, Giorgio; Fujita, Takaaki ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Characterization and Application of Fixed Point Theorems for 3-Self Mappings in Generalized Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 6809 flesch: 76 summary: Fixed point theorems for contractive mappings were established by Huang et al. In [6], a graph was introduced to study fixed point theorems about Reich-type contractions in metric spaces. keywords: ê1; ê2; ê3⋎+2; f3ê3⋎+2; g(ê3⋎+1; g(z; point; spaces cache: ejpam-5838.pdf plain text: ejpam-5838.txt item: #1371 of 2048 id: ejpam-5839 author: Shihadeh, Abdallah ; Abualhomos, Mayada ; Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Alhusban, Abdallah ; Shaaban, Shaaban M.; Arslan, Muhammad ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Key Characteristics of Quadri-Partitioned Neutrosophic Riemann integrals and Quadri-Partitioned Neutrosophic Soft Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 21440 flesch: 71 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5839 28 of 54 Theorem 6. Let (F̃ ,Ω), (G̃,Ω), and (H̃,Ω) be quadripartitioned neutrosophic soft sets over key set X. Then, the following properties hold: (i) (F̃ ,Ω) ∪∼ [(G̃,Ω) ∪∼ (H̃,Ω)] [6] discussed the concept of simplified neutrosophic sets (SNSs), which are a sub-class of neutrosophic sets, and explored several aggregation operators. keywords: g̃,ω; let; neutrosophic; quadri; set; theory; xθ(r1,r2,r3,r4; τqpnss cache: ejpam-5839.pdf plain text: ejpam-5839.txt item: #1372 of 2048 id: ejpam-5841 author: Kadhavoor R, Karthikeyan; Dharmaraj , Mohankumar; Breaz, Daniel title: Properties of Bazilevic Functions Involving $q$-analogue of the Generalized $M$-series date: 2025 words: 7510 flesch: 82 summary: Making use of the defined operator, we define a new family of analytic functions expressed as a combination two differential characterizations. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45; 30C50, 30C55 Key Words and Phrases: Generalized M -series, Mittag-Leffler function, generalized hyper- geometric function, quantum calculus, analytic function, univalent function, Schwarz function, Bazilevič functions, subordination, coefficient inequalities, Fekete-Szegő inequality. keywords: functions; math cache: ejpam-5841.pdf plain text: ejpam-5841.txt item: #1373 of 2048 id: ejpam-5843 author: Kim, Junseok title: An Efficient Adaptive Time-stepping Method for the Modeling of Epidemic Dynamics date: 2025 words: 3338 flesch: 53 summary: Consequently, there is a growing need for computational methods that can automatically adjust time steps while maintaining efficiency. When selecting adaptive time steps, it is possible for tn+1 to exceed the specified final time T . keywords: epidemic; method; model; size; step; time cache: ejpam-5843.pdf plain text: ejpam-5843.txt item: #1374 of 2048 id: ejpam-5845 author: Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Hatamleh, Raed ; AbdEl-latif, Alaa M. ; Al-Husban, Abdallah Al-Husban; Attaalfadeel, Husham M. ; Fujita, Takaaki ; Aldwoah, Khaled A. ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: A Breakthrough Approach to Quadri-Partitioned Neutrosophic Soft Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 13805 flesch: 73 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05 Key Words and Phrases: Neutrosophic soft set, QPNSS, QPNSTS, QPNS p- New family of neutrosophic soft sets. keywords: é)c; neutrosophic; open; qpns; quadri; set; sets cache: ejpam-5845.pdf plain text: ejpam-5845.txt item: #1375 of 2048 id: ejpam-5846 author: Aliyev, Samed Jahangir; Heydarova, Maftun N. ; Seyidova, Aynura M. title: Solving Geometric Problems by Introducing an Equilateral triangle date: 2025 words: 2807 flesch: 60 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 97G10, 97G30, 97G40 Key Words and Phrases: Planimetric problem, equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, auxiliary element 1. The concept of using equilateral triangles as auxiliary elements is grounded in classical geometry but finds renewed relevance in the context of mathematical competitions and advanced geometry education. keywords: method; problem; sin; triangle cache: ejpam-5846.pdf plain text: ejpam-5846.txt item: #1376 of 2048 id: ejpam-5847 author: Ahmed, Ashfar ; Kummari, Krishna ; Shukla, Rahul title: A Two-Warehouse Inventory Model for Green Technology Investment: Deteriorating Items with Selling Price and Carbon Emissions date: 2025 words: 6552 flesch: 63 summary: Additionally, several researchers have developed inventory models that simulate CO2 emissions, as documented in [11–22]. Various researchers have explored different carbon tax strategies for specific products in inventory models to mitigate emissions. keywords: carbon; cost; demand; emissions; green; inventory; model; ϕ1 −; − ϕ2p cache: ejpam-5847.pdf plain text: ejpam-5847.txt item: #1377 of 2048 id: ejpam-5848 author: Kaur, Sandeep; Birkea, Fathea M.; Özkan, Alkan; AL-shami, Tareq; Omran, M. title: Some New Characterizations of Open and Closed Fuzzy Mappings Inspired by Induced Mappings date: 2025 words: 4627 flesch: 77 summary: In this paper, we use the induced mappings to obtain some new characterizations of open fuzzy mappings in connection with closures and closed fuzzy mappings in connection with interiors of fuzzy sets. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A40, 03E72, 54C05, 94D05 Key Words and Phrases: Fuzzy set, Fuzzy topological space, Open fuzzy mapping, Closed fuzzy mapping, Induced mapping 1. keywords: mapping; subset cache: ejpam-5848.pdf plain text: ejpam-5848.txt item: #1378 of 2048 id: ejpam-5850 author: Papadopoulos, Kyriakos title: On the Recognition Capacity of Abelian Graph Automata date: 2025 words: 5281 flesch: 71 summary: Regarding the recognition ability of unitary graph automata, i.e., graph automata employing unitary graphoids, we know that they recognize for every positive integer k, the set of all directed k-colorable graphs with- out inputs and outputs [20]. Math, 18 (1) (2025), 5850 7 of 13 Figure 1: The class hierarchy of graph automata graph languages recognized by abelian graph automata and by Urec(Σ) the set of graph languages recognized by unitary graph automata. keywords: abelian; automata; automaton; graph; graphoids; len; set cache: ejpam-5850.pdf plain text: ejpam-5850.txt item: #1379 of 2048 id: ejpam-5851 author: Ceesay, Baboucarr; Baber, Muhammad Z.; Ahmed, Nauman; Jawaz, Muhammad; Macías-Díaz, Jorge E.; Gallegos, Armando title: Harvesting Mixed, Homoclinic Breather, M-Shaped, and Other Wave Profiles of the Heisenberg Ferromagnet-Type Akbota Equation date: 2025 words: 13619 flesch: 67 summary: We use the Hirota bilinear technique to investigate wave solutions to the Heisenberg ferromagnetic- type Akbota problem arising in surface geometry. The investigation obtained a variety of wave solutions such as periodic lump waves, periodic cross-kink waves, homoclinic breather waves, M-shaped waves, and mixed waves, proving the universality of the method. keywords: = √; bω1 −; c √; equation; exp; plot; solutions; v6 =; wave; σ √; − √; √ aθ(2−; √ bk2; √ d; √ −abθ2 cache: ejpam-5851.pdf plain text: ejpam-5851.txt item: #1380 of 2048 id: ejpam-5854 author: Khramrot, Pannawit; Deetae, Natthinee ; Gaketem, Thiti title: On Weakly Regular Semigroups Characterized in Terms of Cubic Bipolar Fuzzy Ideals date: 2025 words: 6654 flesch: 87 summary: The main thing this study adds is a way to describe weakly regular semigroups using the features of cubic bipolar fuzzy ideals. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03E72, 18B40 Key Words and Phrases: Cubic bipolar fuzzy ideal, weakly regular semigroup 1. keywords: cbf; fuzzy; ideal cache: ejpam-5854.pdf plain text: ejpam-5854.txt item: #1381 of 2048 id: ejpam-5856 author: Saleh, Salem Ali Mohammed ; Birkea, Fathea M.; AL-shami, Tareq; Arar, Murad; Omran, M. title: Novel Categories of Spaces in the Frame of Generalized Fuzzy Topologies via Fuzzy $g\mu$-closed sets date: 2025 words: 6973 flesch: 85 summary: uα ∈ H if α ≤ H(u). (iii) Fµ-T2 iff for any uα, vβ ∈ FP (U) with uαq̃vβ, there are G,H ∈ µ such that uα ∈ G, vβ ∈ H and Gq̃H. (iv) Fµ-regular (or Fµ-R2) iff for any uα ∈ FP (U) and any H ∈ FµC(U) with uαq̃H, there are F,G ∈ µ such that uα ∈ F,H ⊆ G and F q̃G. (v) Fµ-normal (or Fµ-R3) iff for any Fµ-closed sets F1, F2 with F1q̃F2, there are H,G ∈ µ such that F1 ⊆ H,F2 ⊆ G and Hq̃G. (vi) Fµ-T3 (resp. keywords: fuzzy; set; sets; spaces cache: ejpam-5856.pdf plain text: ejpam-5856.txt item: #1382 of 2048 id: ejpam-5857 author: Suayngam, Kannirun ; Julatha, Pongpun ; Nakkhasen, Warud ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Structural Insights into IUP-Algebras via Intuitionistic Neutrosophic Set Theory date: 2025 words: 15123 flesch: 89 summary: x = y · 0), (2.7) (∀x, y, z ∈ X)(x · y = x · z ⇔ y = z), (2.8) (∀x, y ∈ X)(x · y = 0 ⇔ x = y), (2.9) (∀x ∈ X)(x · 0 = 0 ⇔ x = 0), (2.10) (∀x, y, z ∈ X)(y · x = z · x⇔ y = z), (2.11) (∀x, y ∈ X)(x · y = y ⇒ x = 0), (2.12) (∀x, y, z ∈ X)((x · y) · 0 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03G25, 03E72, 03B60 Key Words and Phrases: IUP-algebra, intuitionistic neutrosophic set, intuitionistic neutro- sophic IUP-subalgebra, intuitionistic neutrosophic IUP-ideal, intuitionistic neutrosophic IUP-filter, intuitionistic neutrosophic strong IUP-ideal 1. keywords: iup cache: ejpam-5857.pdf plain text: ejpam-5857.txt item: #1383 of 2048 id: ejpam-5860 author: Alsaiary, Zakeia Amer; Al-Jadani, Sarah title: Statistical Inference on Type II Topp Leone Generalized Inverted Exponential Distribution with Some Applications on Real Data date: 2025 words: 9723 flesch: 80 summary: (vi) The α̂, bias and MSEs values for Bayes estimates of E loss function under Jeffery’s prior and E loss function with (d = 1) under Quasi prior are very similar. (iv) The α̂, bias and MSEs values for Bayes estimates of E loss function under Jeffery’s prior and E loss function with (d = 1) under Quasi prior are very similar. keywords: distribution; equation; function; loss cache: ejpam-5860.pdf plain text: ejpam-5860.txt item: #1384 of 2048 id: ejpam-5861 author: Naz, Shabana; Sarwar, Muhammad; Shah, Kamal; Fatima, Nahid; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: A Mathematical Model of COVID-19 Using Piecewise Derivative of Fractional Order date: 2025 words: 9599 flesch: 77 summary: t1 0 ϕ(t)dt, with t ∈ ∇1, 1 Γ(ε) ∫ t t1 (t− φ)ε−1ϕ(φ)dφ, with t ∈ ∇2. =  dϕ(t) dt , with t ∈ ∇1, CDε 0+ϕ(t), with t ∈ ∇2, such that PCDε 0+ represents ordinary differentiation in ∇1 and the Caputo differentiation on ∇2. keywords: appl; eur; fractional; math; model; pure; ∣∣∣∣ cache: ejpam-5861.pdf plain text: ejpam-5861.txt item: #1385 of 2048 id: ejpam-5863 author: Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Abu-Gdairi, Radwan ; Azzam , Abd elfattah; Gharib , Fatouh ; Aldwoah , Khaled title: Supra Soft Somewhat Open Sets: Characterizations and Continuity date: 2025 words: 6949 flesch: 89 summary: [10] Z. A. Ameen, and M. H. Alqahtani, Some classes of soft functions defined by soft open sets modulo soft sets of the first category, Mathematics, 11 (2023), 4368. Also, for any soft set (G, η), if (G, η) ∈ σ, then (G, η) is called soft open set and its soft complements (Gc̃, η) is called soft closed set. keywords: open; sets; soft cache: ejpam-5863.pdf plain text: ejpam-5863.txt item: #1386 of 2048 id: ejpam-5864 author: Has, Aykut; Yilmaz, Beyhan; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: \(\mathcal{C}_\alpha\)-Rectifying Curves in a New Conformable Differential Geometry date: 2025 words: 5104 flesch: 66 summary: Obtaining fractional electromagnetic curves in optical fiber using fractional alternative moving frame. Conformable special curves in euclidean 3-space. keywords: calculus; curve; derivative; fractional; frame; x(s cache: ejpam-5864.pdf plain text: ejpam-5864.txt item: #1387 of 2048 id: ejpam-5866 author: Fahmi, Aliya; Khan, A.; Abdeljawad, T.; Hassan, M.A.; Mukheimer, Aiman ; Thinakaran, Rajermani title: Analyzing Global Economic Shifts Due to the Afghan-America War Using Complex Cubic Fuzzy TODIM method date: 2025 words: 9032 flesch: 59 summary: Fuzzy decision making: Methodologies and applications preface. Key Words and Phrases: Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Complex cubic fuzzy sets, MADM ∗Corresponding author. keywords: ccf; decision; fahmi; fuzzy; making; method; pure; sets; step; table; todim; y i1; y i2; y i3 cache: ejpam-5866.pdf plain text: ejpam-5866.txt item: #1388 of 2048 id: ejpam-5867 author: Jamal Rabaia, Duha; Ibrahim Nour, Abdulnaser; Abu Alia, Muiz; Kanj, Hassan ; AlAkkoumi, Mouhammad ; Jebreen , Kamel title: Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Board Characteristics as Determinants of Financial Failure: A Cox Proportional Hazards Model date: 2025 words: 13058 flesch: 50 summary: Corporate board size, composition and corporate failures in retailing industry. Additionally, the analysis revealed that board size, board independence, board age, board education firm size, and liquidity were significantly and negatively associated with CF. keywords: appl; audit; board; board size; business; diversity; eur; failure; firm; governance; impact; journal; management; math; ownership; palestine; performance; pure; rabaia; research; size; structure; study; survival; theory cache: ejpam-5867.pdf plain text: ejpam-5867.txt item: #1389 of 2048 id: ejpam-5868 author: Kavitha, G.; Kalpana, K. title: Optimized Energy Forecasting Using Hidden Markov Model and Transformed Fuzzy Relational Matrices Enhanced by Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization date: 2025 words: 7765 flesch: 56 summary: Traditional energy forecasting models often struggle to handle the nonlinear, un- certain, and dynamic nature of energy markets, resulting in sub-optimal predictions and inefficiencies in energy distribution. [10] to en- hance predictive performance and include market integration in energy price forecasting. keywords: algorithm; energy; forecasting; market; markov; mcp; model; optimization; particle; swarm; time cache: ejpam-5868.pdf plain text: ejpam-5868.txt item: #1390 of 2048 id: ejpam-587 author: Abood, Habeeb Mtashar title: Almost Hermitian Manifold with Flat Bochner Tensor date: 2010 words: 2795 flesch: 84 summary: The Kahler manifold with flat Bochner curvature tensor has been studied by many researchers. [9] proved that if M is a Kahler manifold with flat Bochner curvature tensor whose length of the Ricci tensor is constant, then M is a space of constant holomorphic sectional curvature Email address: iraqsafwan�yahoo. keywords: bochner; manifold; tensor cache: ejpam-587.pdf plain text: ejpam-587.txt item: #1391 of 2048 id: ejpam-5871 author: Mehmood, Ahsan; Younis, Muhammad ; Aloqaily, Ahmad ; Santina, Dania ; Samraiz, Muhammad ; Rahman, Gauhar ; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Computational Illustration of Fractional Inequalities via 2D Graphs with Application date: 2025 words: 9534 flesch: 82 summary: In control systems and automation, fractional inequalities help establish stability criteria for fractional-order con- trollers, improving system robustness in robotics, aerospace and process control industries. In materials science and mechanical engineering, fractional inequalities contribute to mod- eling stress-strain relationships in viscoelastic and complex materials, optimizing designs in structural engineering and manufacturing. keywords: k kγk(β; kz β; r+1; s+1; β k cache: ejpam-5871.pdf plain text: ejpam-5871.txt item: #1392 of 2048 id: ejpam-5872 author: Chakaravarthy, Sankar; Saravanan, Mariappan; Sujatha, Ramalingam; Narayanan, Gangatharan Venkat title: Signed Fuzzy Graphs Domination in Environmental Monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks date: 2025 words: 7943 flesch: 73 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C72, 05C22, 05C69, 05C12 Key Words and Phrases: Signed fuzzy graphs (Signed-FG), wireless sensor networks (WSN), environmental monitoring systems (EMS) 1. This section focuses on results related to domination in signed fuzzy graphs. keywords: domination; graphs; nodes; set cache: ejpam-5872.pdf plain text: ejpam-5872.txt item: #1393 of 2048 id: ejpam-5873 author: Alqwaifly, Nawaf A. title: Peak-Shift Control Codes for the  $L_1$ Metric date: 2025 words: 6046 flesch: 80 summary: Zn q are important to describe l peak shift error correction codes in Section 3. On a new class of error control codes and symmetric functions. keywords: codes; peak; shift cache: ejpam-5873.pdf plain text: ejpam-5873.txt item: #1394 of 2048 id: ejpam-5875 author: Elsharkawy, Ayman; Noha Elsharkawy title: Some Characterizations of Quasi-Curves in Galilean 3-Space date: 2025 words: 5101 flesch: 72 summary: Quasi-position vector curves in Galilean 4-space. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 51A05, 53A35 Key Words and Phrases: Quasi-frame, Galilean 3-space, quasi-normal curves, quasi-rectifying curves, quasi-osculating curves. keywords: curve; elsharkawy; frame; quasi; space cache: ejpam-5875.pdf plain text: ejpam-5875.txt item: #1395 of 2048 id: ejpam-5876 author: Oner, Tahsin ; Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Iampan, Aiyared; Senturk, Ibrahim title: Semidetached SUP-Subalgebras of Sheffer Stroke UP-Algebras date: 2025 words: 7429 flesch: 75 summary: If (X, ℓµQk ) is a semidetached SUP-subalgebra over Ω = (1−k 2 , 1], then µ satisfies: (∀x, y ∈ X)(∀t, r ∈ Ω)(xt ∈ µ, yr ∈ µ ⇒ ((x|(y|y))|(x|(y|y)))max{t,r}qkµ). If (X, ℓµQk ) is a semidetached SUP-subalgebra over Ω = (0.5, 1], then µ satisfies: (∀x, y ∈ X)(∀t, r ∈ Ω)(xt ∈ µ, yr ∈ µ ⇒ ((x|(y|y))|(x|(y|y)))max{t,r}qµ). keywords: subalgebra; sup cache: ejpam-5876.pdf plain text: ejpam-5876.txt item: #1396 of 2048 id: ejpam-5881 author: Saber, Sayed ; Alahmari„, Abdullah title: Mathematical Insights into Zoonotic Disease Spread: Application of the Milstein Method date: 2025 words: 15160 flesch: 47 summary: Previous Shortcomings in Existing Models Several limitations exist in previous zoonotic disease models. The findings of this study are directly applicable to zoonotic disease control in the Al-Baha region but can also be adapted to similar wildlife-related transmission scenarios worldwide. keywords: a. a.; baboons; control; disease; dynamics; food; human; interactions; model; saber; stochastic; strategies; study; time; transmission cache: ejpam-5881.pdf plain text: ejpam-5881.txt item: #1397 of 2048 id: ejpam-5884 author: Syam, Muhammed; Mwaffag, Sharadga ; Hashim, Ishak ; Alias, Mohd Almie; Abuomar, Mohammed; Momani, Shaher title: An Iterative Fractional Operational Matrix Method for Solving Fractional Undamped Duffing Equation with High Nonlinearity date: 2025 words: 5687 flesch: 65 summary: [21] M. I. Syam, M. A. Raja, M. M. Syam, and et al. [22] A.-H. I. Mourad, A. M. Ghazal, M. M. Syam, O. D. Al Qadi, and H. Al Jassmi. keywords: appl; equation; math; method; syam cache: ejpam-5884.pdf plain text: ejpam-5884.txt item: #1398 of 2048 id: ejpam-5886 author: Wani, Shahid Ahmad; Khan, Waseem Ahmad; Alqurashi, Taghreed; Dar, Javid Gani; Salcedo, Dxion title: Certain Properties of $\Delta_h$ Legendre Polynomials and Applications in Computer Modelling date: 2025 words: 5109 flesch: 61 summary: Legendre polynomials exhibit orthogonality with respect to the weight function e−u on [0,+∞), ensuring that the weighted integral of two polynomials with different degrees is zero. Widely applied in mathematics, physics, and engineering, Legendre polynomials are integral to solving the Schrödinger equation for spherically symmetric quantum systems, including the hydrogen atom. keywords: n=0; polynomials; s[h]n; u h; v h cache: ejpam-5886.pdf plain text: ejpam-5886.txt item: #1399 of 2048 id: ejpam-5887 author: Jeyanthi, P.; Nawal M. , NourEldeen; J., Jenisha; K. , Jeya Daisy; M. E. , Abdel-Aal title: Edge $k$-Product Cordial Labeling of Graphs date: 2025 words: 10413 flesch: 92 summary: Motivated by the concept of ‘edge product cordial labeling’, and the several results established on this concept, we take a step further and introduce a new labeling namely ‘Edge k-product cordial labeling’ as follows: For a graph G = (V (G), E(G)) having no isolated vertex, an edge labeling f : E(G) → {0, 1, ..., A graph that admits an edge k-product cordial labeling is called edge k-product cordial graph. keywords: edge k; j ≤; product cache: ejpam-5887.pdf plain text: ejpam-5887.txt item: #1400 of 2048 id: ejpam-5888 author: Begum, A. Kashifa ; Muthukumaran, V.; Govindan, Vediyappan; Byeon, Haewon title: A Key Exchange Protocol based on the Twin Conjugacy Search Problem over Tropical Algebra date: 2025 words: 5671 flesch: 76 summary: Analysis of a key exchange protocol based on tropical matrix algebra. ∃ an unique n × n matrix E ∈ Mn(Rmin),∋ P ⊗ E = E ⊗ P = P , where E =  0 ∞ . . . keywords: algebra; key; matrix; problem; protocol; tropical cache: ejpam-5888.pdf plain text: ejpam-5888.txt item: #1401 of 2048 id: ejpam-5889 author: Ejegwa, Paul Augustine ; Kausar, Nasreen; Musa Adeku Ibrahim; Cagin, Tonguc title: Jordan-Hölder Theorem for Multigroups date: 2025 words: 5341 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5889 6 of 13 Table 2: Submultigroups of D based on Case (iii) Submultigroups and their structures D0 = {1}, D1 = {1, d2}, D2 = D̂1 = {1, d, d2, d3}, D̂2 = {1, 1, d, d2, d3}, D̂3 = {1, 1, d, d, d2, d2, d3, d3}, D̂4 = {1, 1, 1, d, d2, d3}, D̂5 = {1, 1, 1, d, d, d2, d2, d3, d3}, D̂6 = {1, 1, 1, d, d, d2, d2, d2, d3, d3}, D̂7 = {1, 1, 1, 1, d, d2, d3}, D̂8 = {1, 1, 1, 1, d, d, d2, d2, d3, d3}, D̂9 = D = {1, 1, 1, 1, d, d, d2, d2, d2, d3, d3}, Ḋ1 = {1, 1}, Ḋ2 = {1, 1, 1}, Ḋ3 = {1, 1, 1, 1}, Ḋ4 = {1, 1, d2}, Ḋ5 = {1, 1, d2, d2}, Ḋ6 = {1, 1, 1, d2}, Ḋ7 = {1, 1, 1, d2, d2}, Ḋ8 = {1, 1, 1, d2, d2, d2}, Ḋ9 = {1, 1, 1, 1, d2}, Ḋ10 Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5889 7 of 13 Table 4: Submultigroups of E based on Case (iii) Submultigroups and their structures E0 = {ρ0}, Ê1 = E1 = {ρ0, ρ1, ρ2}, Ê2 = {ρ0, ρ0, ρ1, ρ2}, Ê3 = {ρ0, ρ0, ρ1, ρ1, ρ2, ρ2}, Ê4 = {ρ0, ρ0, ρ0, ρ1, ρ2}, Ê5 = E = {ρ0, ρ0, ρ0, ρ1, ρ1, ρ2, ρ2}, Ė1 = {ρ0, ρ0}, Ė2 = {ρ0, ρ0, ρ0} Here, E0, Ê1, Ė1, Ė2 and Ê5 are trivial, and Ê2–Ê4 are proper non-trivial normal submultigroups of E without a maximal non-trivial normal submultigroup of E since either keywords: multigroup; series; submultigroups cache: ejpam-5889.pdf plain text: ejpam-5889.txt item: #1402 of 2048 id: ejpam-5891 author: Fahmi, Aliya; Khan, A.; Abdeljawad, T.; S. hassan, M. A. ; Almutairid, D.K. title: Einstein Aggregation Operators with Cubic Fermatean Fuzzy Sets date: 2025 words: 9815 flesch: 66 summary: Intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators. Several Fermatean fuzzy aggregation operators were proposed by Aydemir et al. keywords: 3)l; 3)l n∏; aggregation; charging; criteria; decision; et al; fahmi; fermatean; fuzzy; j=1 lj; k+1∏ j=1; making; n∏ j=1; operators;  cache: ejpam-5891.pdf plain text: ejpam-5891.txt item: #1403 of 2048 id: ejpam-5892 author: Saeed, Abdulkafi Mohammed; Alfawaz, Thekra Abdullah Fayez title: Qualitative Study on Finite Volume Method for Solving Linear and Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 4645 flesch: 59 summary: Furthermore, WENO schemes are capable of achieving high-order accuracy (third, fifth, or even higher) in smooth regions, making them highly attractive for problems requiring high precision. WENO schemes have gained more attention than Essentially Non-Oscillatory (ENO) schemes, both in algorithm development and applications. keywords: differencing; equation; error; numerical; scheme; volume cache: ejpam-5892.pdf plain text: ejpam-5892.txt item: #1404 of 2048 id: ejpam-5893 author: Yasmeen, Bushra; Ahmad, Khalil; Fatima, Nahid title: Analyzing Approximate and Exact Wave Solutions of Optical Fibres in the Time-fractional Estevez-Mansfield-Clarkson Equation date: 2025 words: 5477 flesch: 60 summary: The proposed method entails transforming nonlinear fractional partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Introduction In applied science, engineering, and mathematics, as well as in the modeling of a va- riety of physical nonlinear phenomena, nonlinear fractional partial differential equations (NFPDEs) are essential [1], [2] . keywords: equation; nonlinear; solutions; w k cache: ejpam-5893.pdf plain text: ejpam-5893.txt item: #1405 of 2048 id: ejpam-5894 author: Oner, Tahsin ; Iampan, Aiyared; Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Senturk, Ibrahim title: Structural Analysis of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Implicative WSBG-Ideals date: 2025 words: 10321 flesch: 75 summary: An intuitionistic fuzzy set L = (L,α, β) of a WSBG-algebra L = ⟨L; |, 0⟩ is referred to as an intuitionistic fuzzy implicative WSBG-ideal of L if the following conditions hold: (∀ζ, η, θ ∈ L) An intuitionistic fuzzy set L = (L,α, β) of a WSBG-algebra L = ⟨L; |, 0⟩ is called an intuitionistic fuzzy sub-implicative WSBG-ideal of L if it satisfies the following conditions: for all ζ, η, θ ∈ L, α(0) ≥ α(ζ) and β(0) ≤ β(ζ), (1) α((η|(η|(ζ|ζ)))|(η|(η|(ζ|ζ)))) keywords: fuzzy; ideal; wsbg cache: ejpam-5894.pdf plain text: ejpam-5894.txt item: #1406 of 2048 id: ejpam-5895 author: Almutairi , Shahad Saleh Ayad ; Saeed , Abdulkafi Mohammed title: A Comparative Study of finite Difference and Galerkin Finite Element Methods for Solving Boundary Value Problems date: 2025 words: 3057 flesch: 62 summary: [3–5]. discretization to approximate differential equation solutions. Numerical techniques offer a potent substitute tool for resolving differential equations under the specified ini- tial condition or conditions in either scenario. keywords: fdm; finite; gfem; method; solution cache: ejpam-5895.pdf plain text: ejpam-5895.txt item: #1407 of 2048 id: ejpam-5896 author: Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Abu Gdairi, Radwan; Azzam, Abdelfattah; A. Aldwoah, Khaled; Aldawood, Mohamed; M. Shaaban, Shaaban title: Applications of the Supra Soft SD-Closure Operator to Soft Connectedness and Compactness date: 2025 words: 10310 flesch: 79 summary: Several concrete applications on soft sets have been introduced in rough set models [8], medical sciences A family of soft sets Ψ = {(Cϵ,∆) : ϵ ∈ ε} is claimed to be a supra soft open cover, if all of the members of Ψ are supra open soft sets. . keywords: lindelöf; sets; soft; ssts cache: ejpam-5896.pdf plain text: ejpam-5896.txt item: #1408 of 2048 id: ejpam-5899 author: AL-Jarrah, Heyam H.; Rawshdeh, Amani; Y. Al-Zoubi, Khalid; Bani Melhem , Shefa A. title: On $g \mu$-Paracompact Sets date: 2025 words: 5388 flesch: 85 summary: For a GTS (S, µ) the elements of µ are called µ-open sets and the collection of all µ-open sets containing s ∈ S will be denoted by µ(s). If s ∈ S, then either s ∈ E or s /∈ E. keywords: gµ-paracompact cache: ejpam-5899.pdf plain text: ejpam-5899.txt item: #1409 of 2048 id: ejpam-590 author: Tomar, Nutan Kumar; Sukavanam, N; Singh, K P title: Hybridization of Neural Nets and Genetic Algorithms to Compute the Boundary Control for Controlled Heat Equation date: 2011 words: 4163 flesch: 77 summary: The exact solution of the above problem is given in [2] as follows: The (optimal) control function is πexp(2π2ν t) sin(πx); for 0< x < 1; y = 0,1 and πexp(2π2ν t) sin(πy); for 0< y < 1; x = 0,1 and the temperature ω being defined by ω(x , y, t) = πexp(2π2ν t)(sin(πx)+ sin(πy)) The controlled semilinear heat equation, with boundary control, in Q is ∂ ω(x , t) ∂ t = c2∆ω(x , t) + keywords: boundary; control; equation; heat; network cache: ejpam-590.pdf plain text: ejpam-590.txt item: #1410 of 2048 id: ejpam-5900 author: Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Nordo, Giorgio; Fujita, Takaaki ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; Hatamleh, Raed; Abubaker, Ahmad A.; Hamja, Jamil J.; Armada, Cris L. title: A Comprehensive Study of Bipolar Vague Soft Expert P-Open Sets in Bipolar Vague Soft Expert Topological Spaces with Applications to Cancer Diagnosis date: 2025 words: 15719 flesch: 80 summary: Building upon these advancements, Alkhazaleh and Salleh [10] integrated fuzzy soft sets with expert sets, resulting in the concept of soft expert sets. Soft expert sets were first proposed by Alkhazaleh and Salleh keywords: 10−1⟩; bipolar; bvse; definition; expert; e⟩⟩; e⟩⟩ ϵ̃; open; ses; set; sets; τbv; ⟨⟨f̃1; ⟨⟨f̃2 cache: ejpam-5900.pdf plain text: ejpam-5900.txt item: #1411 of 2048 id: ejpam-5901 author: Saber, Sayed ; Alahmari, Abdullah title: Impact of Fractal-Fractional Dynamics on Pneumonia Transmission Modeling date: 2025 words: 8305 flesch: 66 summary: Fractional models exhibit smoother transitions and prolonged infection durations compared to classical integer-order models. Fractional models allow greater flexibility in capturing real-world disease dynamics, incorporating memory effects and population heterogeneity. keywords: b∗(ϱ1; fractal; fractional; model; order; pneumonia; saber; ϱ1)t; ϱ1ϱ2; ϱ2−1; ϵϱ2−1(t− cache: ejpam-5901.pdf plain text: ejpam-5901.txt item: #1412 of 2048 id: ejpam-5903 author: Anoche, Jesica; Canoy, Sergio title: $k$-Geodetic Hop Domination Defect in a Graph date: 2025 words: 7638 flesch: 93 summary: = ⋃ v∈A NG(v) is called the open neighborhood of A and NG[A] = NG(A) ∪ A is called the closed neighborhood of A. A vertex v of G is isolated if |NG(v)| = 0. The geodetic closure of a set S ⊆ V (G), denoted by IG[S], is the union of the intervals IG[u, v], where u, v ∈ S. The set S is a geodetic set in G if IG[S] = V (G). keywords: ζhgk cache: ejpam-5903.pdf plain text: ejpam-5903.txt item: #1413 of 2048 id: ejpam-5905 author: Kaviyarasu, M. ; Rajeshwari, M. ; Alqahtani, Mohammed title: Neutrosophic Hypersoft Topological Framework for Agricultural Decision-Making date: 2025 words: 8636 flesch: 57 summary: AlHij- jawi introduced possibility neutrosophic hypersoft sets to expand the practical reach of neutrosophic sets for complex multi-attribute thinking under various uncertainty condi- tions [18]. It is clear that the values of the null set and absolute set in neutrosophic sets are equal to the values of the null set and absolute set in neutrosophic hypersoft sets. keywords: decision; hypersoft; let; making; neutrosophic; s1,γ1; s2,γ2; set; sets; topology cache: ejpam-5905.pdf plain text: ejpam-5905.txt item: #1414 of 2048 id: ejpam-5907 author: Amini, Ebrahim; Al-Omari, Shrideh; Khandaqji, Mona title: Second Order Differential Subordination with the Mittag-Leffler Operator date: 2025 words: 7089 flesch: 83 summary: Conclusion In this paper, new linear operator of analytic univalent functions was defined by the linear Mittag-Leffler and the Komatu integral operators. Let Ω be a subset of C, γ ∈ H ∩ A and µ ∈ C, (µ ̸= 0, 1). keywords: f(ζ; βf(ζ cache: ejpam-5907.pdf plain text: ejpam-5907.txt item: #1415 of 2048 id: ejpam-5908 author: Paul Augustine Ejegwa; Kausar, Nasreen; Cagin, Tonguc title: On Jordan-Hölder Theorem under Intuitionistic Fuzzy Groups date: 2025 words: 4350 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03F55, 06D72, 08A72 Key Words and Phrases: Intuitionistic fuzzy groups, Intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups, simple intuitionistic fuzzy groups, maximal normal intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups, normal series for intu- itionistic fuzzy groups, composition series for intuitionistic fuzzy groups 1. Hence, this paper defines simple intuitionistic fuzzy groups, maximal normal intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups, normal series for intuitionistic fuzzy groups, and composition series for intuitionistic fuzzy groups with illustrations. keywords: series cache: ejpam-5908.pdf plain text: ejpam-5908.txt item: #1416 of 2048 id: ejpam-5909 author: Alifuddin, Moch. ; Yunus, Mahmud; Ilham Dwi Firmansyah, Mohamad; Cahya Ramdani, Indra title: Stieltjes Limits in Continuous Function Spaces date: 2025 words: 6227 flesch: 75 summary: Given f ∈ C[a, b] and a positive real number ε, the ε-neighborhood of the function f is defined as the set: Vε(f) Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5909 10 of 17 (ii) For an operator F : A → C[a, b], the function L is called the left limit of the operator F at f0 if, for every real number ε > 0, there exists a real number δ > 0 such that for every f ∈ A ∩ {f ∈ C[a, b] : f ≺ f0} and 0 ≺ |f − f0| ≺ δe, the following holds: |F (f)− F (f0)| ≺ εe. keywords: c[a; number; real cache: ejpam-5909.pdf plain text: ejpam-5909.txt item: #1417 of 2048 id: ejpam-5910 author: S., Karpagam; N, Aarthy; Gupta, Gopal Kumar title: Steady-State Performance Evaluation of an MX/G(a, b)/1 Queue with Low-Batch Service, Multiple  Vacations and Uninterrupted Server Renovation date: 2025 words: 8623 flesch: 73 summary: Several researchers have studied bulk service systems with multiple vacations. - Function of cumulative distribution for bulk service times. R(.) keywords: a−1∑; batch; bulk; m =; queue; queueing; server; service; system; time cache: ejpam-5910.pdf plain text: ejpam-5910.txt item: #1418 of 2048 id: ejpam-5911 author: Taha, Islam; Al-Mufarrij, Jawaher ; Taha, Osama title: Some Characterizations of \((r,s)\)-Fuzzy \(b\)-Open Sets with Applications in Double Fuzzy Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 10355 flesch: 93 summary: Therefore, M ∈ IG is (r, s)-F-b-open containing gθ with P(M) ≤ I𭟋∗(C𭟋∗(N , r, s), r, s). According to the assumption there is M ∈ IG that is (r, s)-F-b-open containing gθ with P(M) ≤ I𭟋∗(C𭟋∗(N , r, s), r, s). keywords: s)-f cache: ejpam-5911.pdf plain text: ejpam-5911.txt item: #1419 of 2048 id: ejpam-5913 author: Sweilam, Nasser; Al−Mekhlafi, S. M. ; Ahmed, Aya; Mohamed, Doaa; Abo-Eldahab, Emad title: Impact of Singular and Non-Singular Kernels on Crossover Monkeypox Mathematical Model date: 2025 words: 12716 flesch: 73 summary: − β1Sh Nh β1Ir+β2Ih Nh −α1 − α2 − µh β2Sh Dα,β t Sh = Λα h − (βα 1 Ir + βα 2 Ih)Sh Nh − µα hSh + ϕαQh, FFAB 0 keywords: appl; caputo; eur; fractional; math; model; order; pure; s=0; sweilam; t α=0.90,α(t)=0.94−0.01; µh +; β t; −s+ cache: ejpam-5913.pdf plain text: ejpam-5913.txt item: #1420 of 2048 id: ejpam-5914 author: Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Oner, Tahsin ; Iampan, Aiyared; Rezaei, Akbar title: Investigating Length and Mean-Fuzzy Subalgebras in Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras date: 2025 words: 7671 flesch: 82 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5914 20 of 21 but also underscores the practical relevance of fuzzy subalgebras in fields such as logic, computer science, and uncertainty modeling. [15], multi fuzzy sets [16], bipolar- valued fuzzy sets keywords: inf; subalgebra cache: ejpam-5914.pdf plain text: ejpam-5914.txt item: #1421 of 2048 id: ejpam-5915 author: Shaqaqha, Shadi title: Fuzzy Hom-Groups: A New Perspective on Algebraic Generalization date: 2025 words: 5900 flesch: 72 summary: By estab- lishing the connection between fuzzy Hom-subgroups of G and classical Hom-subgroups of G, we can better understand how fuzzy membership functions relate to subgroup proper- ties within the framework of Hom-groups, supporting further analysis on fuzzy structures in Hom-algebraic systems. Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5915 15 of 16 • Extending fuzzy Hom-groups to other algebraic structures, such as fuzzy Hom-Lie algebras and fuzzy Hom-rings. keywords: fuzzy; hom; subgroups; u(µ cache: ejpam-5915.pdf plain text: ejpam-5915.txt item: #1422 of 2048 id: ejpam-5916 author: Qawaqneh, Haitham Ali title: Exploring Fixed Point Theory in Quasi-Partial Metric Spaces: A Unified Approach with Applications in Integral Equations and Computational Sciences date: 2025 words: 5742 flesch: 78 summary: Fixed point results for geraghty type generalized f-contraction for weak admissible mappings in metric-like spaces. New functions for fixed point results in metric spaces with some applications. keywords: metric; point cache: ejpam-5916.pdf plain text: ejpam-5916.txt item: #1423 of 2048 id: ejpam-5917 author: Jumalon, Wendel Glenn ; Cabahug, Isagani title: Total Safe Domination on Some Known Families of Graphs date: 2025 words: 5162 flesch: 78 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Total domination, safe domination, safe set, total safe domination 1. = |V (Cn)| = n. Conclusions The concept of total safe domination has been introduced and explored in this study. keywords: dominating; dominating set; graph; set; vertex cache: ejpam-5917.pdf plain text: ejpam-5917.txt item: #1424 of 2048 id: ejpam-5918 author: Tropico, Irish S.; Cabahug, Jr, Isagani S. title: Internally-Locating Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2025 words: 9189 flesch: 90 summary: Let G be a graph with n ≥ 4 and G = Pn ◦ H, for any graph variation of H. By Corollary 1, γ(G) = n. By definition of path graph Pn and since G = Pn ◦ H, V (Pn) = {v1, v2, . . . if G = Pn ◦H, for any graph variation of H. Proof. keywords: dominating; graph; set; |i| cache: ejpam-5918.pdf plain text: ejpam-5918.txt item: #1425 of 2048 id: ejpam-5921 author: Lakibul, Idzhar; Polestico, Daisy Lou L. ; Supe, Arnulfo P. title: On the Generalization of the Bivariate Extended Standard U-quadratic Distribution date: 2025 words: 7551 flesch: 71 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 60E05, 62E10, 65C10 Key Words and Phrases: Standard U-quadratic distribution, Kumaraswamy distribution, Bi- variate distribution, Bivariate extended Standard U-quadratic Distribution, bathtub shape distri- bution ∗Corresponding author. For instance, the current study focuses on a specific class of bivariate distributions, and there may be alternative distribu- tions or estimation techniques that could provide additional benefits, particularly in cases with more complex dependence structures. keywords: distribution cache: ejpam-5921.pdf plain text: ejpam-5921.txt item: #1426 of 2048 id: ejpam-5922 author: Ahmad, Sohaib; Masood, Saadia; Mustafa, Manahil SidAhmed ; Mohamed, Elsiddig Idriss ; Hussain, Elfarazdag M. M. title: Generalized Class of Estimators for Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Information date: 2025 words: 4148 flesch: 55 summary: On four distinct datasets, the suggested generalized class of estimators is contrasted with existing estimators. 11389.3000 206.8794 12219.56 224.5767 12267.25 226.6069 12272.72 182.617 12154.72 101.3134 11996.84 Figure 1: MSE of median estimators using population 1 S. Ahmad et al. / Eur. keywords: estimation; estimators; median; population cache: ejpam-5922.pdf plain text: ejpam-5922.txt item: #1427 of 2048 id: ejpam-5923 author: Lakibul, Idzhar; Polestico, Daisy Lou ; Supe , Arnulfo title: On the Generalized Version of the Extended Standard \(U\)-Quadratic Distribution date: 2025 words: 6382 flesch: 71 summary: Random numbers Generated from GeSU distribution of size N = 10000. It reveals that the ML estimates of the said distribution parameters is consistent for all parameters since the MSE decays toward zero. keywords: distribution; esu cache: ejpam-5923.pdf plain text: ejpam-5923.txt item: #1428 of 2048 id: ejpam-5924 author: Albugami, Abeer; Alharbi, Nuha A.; Mahdy, Amr M. S. title: Computational Methods, Existence and Uniqueness for Solving 2-D Fractional Nonlinear Fredholm Integro-Differential Equation date: 2025 words: 3806 flesch: 68 summary: Solving nonlinear fractional differential equations by using shehu transform and adomian polynomials. [7] developed a new algorithm for the decomposi- tion solution of nonlinear differential equations, further advancing the method. keywords: equations; fractional; solution cache: ejpam-5924.pdf plain text: ejpam-5924.txt item: #1429 of 2048 id: ejpam-5928 author: Mohammed, Ramadhan title: Bipolar Soft Minimal Structures date: 2025 words: 11225 flesch: 86 summary: = ϕ for each ϑ ∈ µ and ¬ϑ ∈ ¬µ. That means, a form of a bs set (λ̈, ζ̈, µ) is: (λ̈, ζ̈, µ) = {(ϑ, λ̈(ϑ), ζ̈(¬ϑ)) : ϑ ∈ µ, λ̈(ϑ) ∩ ζ̈(¬ϑ) = ϕ}. The bs set (ζ̈, λ̈, µ) is named a bs point (bsp) if there is α, β ∈ Π, ϑ ∈ µ and ¬ϑ ∈ ¬µ s. t. ζ̈(δ) = { {α}, δ = ϑ, ϕ, δ ∈ µ \ {ϑ}. keywords: ˜̃m; ζ̈1; λ̈1; λ̈2 cache: ejpam-5928.pdf plain text: ejpam-5928.txt item: #1430 of 2048 id: ejpam-5929 author: Alnajar, Omar; Khabour, Omar; Amourah, Ala; Darus, Maslina title: The Relationship of Borel Distribution and Horadam Polynomials Leads to Analytical Bi-Univalent Functions date: 2025 words: 3880 flesch: 75 summary: (2) A function is said to have the property of being bi-univalent in B if both f(φ) and f−1(φ) have the property of being univalent in B. Let us refer to the group of bi-univalent functions in B as Σ, which is defined by the Eq. To the best of our knowledge, we have not been able to locate any previous work in the literature that deals with bi-univalent functions for subordinate Horadam polynomi- als that use the Borel distribution. keywords: functions; math; polynomials cache: ejpam-5929.pdf plain text: ejpam-5929.txt item: #1431 of 2048 id: ejpam-5930 author: Iampan, Aiyared; Vennila, R. ; Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Subasini, Ramasamy title: A Theoretical Exploration of Rough Approximations in Hilbert Algebras date: 2025 words: 5065 flesch: 79 summary: b ∈ I ⊆ S. Since a, b ∈ S and S is an ideal of A, we have y1 ∈ S and y2 ∈ S and (y1 · (y2 · x)) · x ∈ S. Note that (y1 · (y2 · x)) · x ∈ I(y1·(y2·x))·x, thus (y1 · (y2 · x)) · x ∈ I(y1·(y2·x))·x ∩ S, that is, I(y1·(y2·x))·x ∩ S ̸= ∅. Hence, (y1 · (y2 · x)) · x ∈ Θ(I, S) and therefore, Θ(I, S) is an ideal of A. (2) Let S be an ideal of A containing I. Let x ∈ I1. Ip, y ∈ Iq, x ∈ S, and y ∈ T . keywords: θ(i cache: ejpam-5930.pdf plain text: ejpam-5930.txt item: #1432 of 2048 id: ejpam-5932 author: Jameel, Hasan ; Ibrahim, Alaa Luqman; Zaya, Neven Eoarsh title: A Globally Convergent Conjugate Gradient Method Incorporating Perry’s Parameter for Unconstrained Optimization date: 2025 words: 5386 flesch: 69 summary: Convergence properties of nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. Modified conjugate gradient method for training neural networks based on logistic mapping. keywords: gradient; method; new; optimization cache: ejpam-5932.pdf plain text: ejpam-5932.txt item: #1433 of 2048 id: ejpam-5933 author: Ramaswamy, Rajagopalan ; Mani, Gunaseelan; Mohanraj, Radhakrishnan ; Mohanraj, Radhakrishnan ; Ege, Ozgur title: Mathematical SEIR Model of the Lumpy Skin Disease Using Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional-Order date: 2025 words: 7519 flesch: 69 summary: Experimental infection of game animals with lumpy skin disease virus (prototype strain neethling). Charac- terization of lumpy skin disease virus isolated from a giraffe in vietnam. keywords: 2(1−; a)m(a; cattle; disease; eur; fractional; model; pure; skin; virus cache: ejpam-5933.pdf plain text: ejpam-5933.txt item: #1434 of 2048 id: ejpam-5934 author: T, Ashika; G, Hannah Grace title: Enhancing Classification Performance through Rough Set Theory Feature Selection: A Comparative Study across Multiple Datasets date: 2025 words: 8394 flesch: 51 summary: After evaluating the RST based models, a comparison was made between the results of the original ML models and those utilizing RST based feature selection. This selection pro- vides a robust foundation for evaluating the effectiveness of classification models both with and without RST based feature selection. keywords: accuracy; attributes; classification; dataset; feature; feature selection; grace; model; performance; pure; rst; selection; svm cache: ejpam-5934.pdf plain text: ejpam-5934.txt item: #1435 of 2048 id: ejpam-5935 author: Aljurbua, Saleh; Alrashidi, Munirah; Alrashidi, Asrar ; Alharbi, Reham ; Almutairi, Rawan ; Saad, Majd ; Alharbi, Najla ; Alrawji, Wejdan ; Alharbi, Najd ; Alharbi, Dhay ; Alashwan, Rawan ; Alluhayb, Asamh ; Alfuraih, Nuha title: Existence of Solutions for Fractional Order Differential Equations: Extended Results date: 2025 words: 3968 flesch: 71 summary: κ 0 (κ−ϖ)q−1δ(ϖ) ] a1 = α− β ω − κ + 1 Γ(q)(ω − κ) [ ∫ ω 0 (ω −ϖ)q−1δ(ϖ)dϖ − ∫ κ 0 (κ−ϖ)q−1δ(ϖ)dϖ ] by using the values of a0, a1 we get ξ(ρ) = αω − βκ ω − κ + β − α ω − κ ρ+ 1 Γ(q) ∫ ρ 0 (ρ−ϖ)q−1δ(ϖ) dϖ − ρ− κ Γ(q)(ω − κ) keywords: fractional; − κ cache: ejpam-5935.pdf plain text: ejpam-5935.txt item: #1436 of 2048 id: ejpam-5936 author: Zeshan Haider; Khalil Ahmad title: Novel Exact Solutions for a Biological Population Model Using the Power Index Method date: 2025 words: 5091 flesch: 55 summary: In recent years, substantial progress has been made in developing exact solution methods for nonlin- ear partial differential equations (NLPDEs), with numerous powerful techniques emerging including, Lie symmetry analysis [22], first integral method [23], modified exp-function method Using the Power Index Method, we derive exact solutions for this model. keywords: equations; method; nonlinear; population; solutions cache: ejpam-5936.pdf plain text: ejpam-5936.txt item: #1437 of 2048 id: ejpam-5937 author: Bataihah, Anwar title: The Effect of the Weighted Expert Factor on Time Fuzzy Soft Expert Sets date: 2025 words: 12848 flesch: 81 summary: The complement of time fuzzy soft expert set (F,A)wt , denoted by (F,A)w c t , is defined by (F,A)w c t = (F c, ⌉A)wt where Fwc t :⌉A → P (U) is a mapping given by Fwc t (α) = c(Fw t (⌉α)), ∀α ⊂⌉A, where c is a time fuzzy soft expert set complement. In [13], the authors discussed fuzzy parameterized fuzzy soft expert sets, which offer a membership value for each parameter in a collection of parameters and are an extension of fuzzy soft expert sets. keywords: 0.6; u1 t3; u2 t2; u3 t1 cache: ejpam-5937.pdf plain text: ejpam-5937.txt item: #1438 of 2048 id: ejpam-5940 author: Hazaymeh, Ayman; Bataihah, Anwar; Abu Qamar, Majdoleen ; Alodat, Naser ; Melhem, Alaa title: On Parameterized Time Neutrosophic Soft Set and its Aplication date: 2025 words: 8809 flesch: 74 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03E72, 03B52, 68T37, 90B50 Key Words and Phrases: Neutrosophic set, soft set,time fuzzy soft set, neutrosophic soft set, parameterized time neutrosophic soft set, parameterized fuzzy soft set 1. Parameterized time neutrosophic soft set (PP-TNSS) This section provides of the definition of a parameterized time neutrosophic soft set (PP-TNSS) and give its basic properties. keywords: a)n t; neutrosophic; set; ⟨0.1; ⟨0.4; ⟨0.5 cache: ejpam-5940.pdf plain text: ejpam-5940.txt item: #1439 of 2048 id: ejpam-5942 author: Sittitrai, Pongpat; Nakprasit, Kittikorn; Jumnongnit, Patcharapan title: The Total Choosability with Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Properties of Planar Graphs That Are Devoid of \(C_5\) Adjacent to \(C_3\) date: 2025 words: 3298 flesch: 80 summary: [7] confirmed the conjecture by planar graphs without 3-cycles with maximum degree at least 7 and planar graphs without 5-cycles with maximum degree at least 7, respectively. Conjecture 1 has been verified for several classes of planar graphs as follows: planar graphs without adjacent 3-cycles with maximum degree at least 8 by [12], planar graphs without adjacent 6-cycles with maximum degree at least 7 [13], and planar graphs without 4-cycles adjacent to 3-cycles with maximum degree at least 7 by [14]. keywords: face; graphs; total cache: ejpam-5942.pdf plain text: ejpam-5942.txt item: #1440 of 2048 id: ejpam-5943 author: Toladro, Lysandra A. ; Cabahug, Isagani title: Proximity Prestige of a Vertex in Some Graph Families date: 2025 words: 4106 flesch: 85 summary: The proximity prestige (PP ) of a vertex vi is the sum of the shortest path distance between vertex vi and vj all over the number of vertices in the graph. = ∑ dG(vi, vj) |V (G)| where, • PPG(vi) : proximity prestige of vertex vi; • dG(vi, vj): length of the shortest path from vi to any vj; and • |V (G)|: number of vertices in the graph. keywords: deg(vi; graph; vertex cache: ejpam-5943.pdf plain text: ejpam-5943.txt item: #1441 of 2048 id: ejpam-5944 author: Kamran; Maqsood, Sana; Thinakaran, Rajermani ; Khan, Hasib; Alzabut, Jehad title: A Logistic Growth Epidemiological SEIR Model with Computational and Qualitative Results date: 2025 words: 10598 flesch: 66 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5944 18 of 32 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 t 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 u (t ) =0.5 =0.6 =0.7 =0.8 =0.9 =1 (a) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 t 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 u (t ) =0.5 =0.6 =0.7 =0.8 =0.9 =1 (b) Figure 8: (a) The approximate solutions of problem 2 using FRK4 method with u0 = 1, k = 1, h = 0.1 for different fractional orders β. (b) The approximate solutions of problem 2 using FRK4 method with u0 = 1, k = 1, h = 0.01 for different fractional orders β. keywords: exact; figure; fractional; frk4; frk4 method; h =; method; model; numerical; order; problem; solution cache: ejpam-5944.pdf plain text: ejpam-5944.txt item: #1442 of 2048 id: ejpam-5948 author: Al-Omary, Radwan M; Hummdi, Ali Yahya ; Al-Amery, Zakia Zaid title: Specific Identities Involving Prime Ideals with Generalized $P$-derivations date: 2025 words: 6274 flesch: 75 summary: ̸= 2, where P is a prime ideal of ℜ. Building on these previous findings, it is natural to inquire about the situation of a factor ring ℜ/P when ℜ admits generalized P -derivations (℧, χ) and (⨿,∝) that satisfy the identity [υ,⨿(℘)] ± ℧([υ, ℘]) ∈ P for all υ, ℘ ∈ ℜ. To address this question, we will now present the following theorem. Let ℜ be a ring equipped with a generalized P -derivation (℧, χ) such that ℧([υ, ℘])±([υ, ℘]) ∈ P for all υ, ℘ ∈ ℜ. Then ℜ/P is an integral domain or (℧±idℜ)(ℜ) ⊆ P . keywords: ring ℜ; ℘ ∈; ℜ. primeness; ∈ p; ∈ ℜ cache: ejpam-5948.pdf plain text: ejpam-5948.txt item: #1443 of 2048 id: ejpam-5951 author: Patel, Prashant ; Shukla, Rahul title: Hierarchical Fixed Point Results for a Countable Family of Strict Pseudo-contractive Mappings in Hadamard Manifolds date: 2025 words: 5724 flesch: 80 summary: Next we prove that the {ζn} is a Cauchy sequence in Γ and {ζn} converges to ζ ∈ Π. GζΓ → Γ is said to be a diffeomorphism for all ζ ∈ Γ, any pair of points ζ, η ∈ Γ, there exists a unique normalized geodesic Υ : keywords: exp−1; gλi; hλi cache: ejpam-5951.pdf plain text: ejpam-5951.txt item: #1444 of 2048 id: ejpam-5952 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman title: Convergence and Fixed Points of Self-Mappings in MR-Metric Spaces: Theory and Applications date: 2025 words: 4871 flesch: 75 summary: Introduction This paper presents a comprehensive study on the convergence and fixed points of self-mappings in MR-metric spaces, a recently introduced generalization of metric spaces. These findings have significant implications for various fields, including optimization, machine learning, and numerical analysis, and provide a solid foundation for further research and applications in MR-metric spaces. keywords: metric; point cache: ejpam-5952.pdf plain text: ejpam-5952.txt item: #1445 of 2048 id: ejpam-5953 author: Danach, Kassem ; Aly, Wael Hosny Fouad; Kanj, Hassan title: Machine Learning for Smart Grid Stability: Enhancing Reliability in Renewable Energy Integration date: 2025 words: 5973 flesch: 45 summary: To address the challenges in smart grid stability, this study seeks to answer the following key research questions: (i) How effectively can machine learning models predict grid stability in scenarios with renewable energy integration? (ii) This study explores the application of machine learning techniques to pre- dict and enhance smart grid stability, focusing on scenarios involving renewable energy integration. keywords: aly; energy; frame; grid; grid stability; integration; kanj; learning; machine; models; performance; power; smart; snr; stability cache: ejpam-5953.pdf plain text: ejpam-5953.txt item: #1446 of 2048 id: ejpam-5955 author: Alnajar, Omar; Alshammari, Khalid ; Amourah, Ala title: The Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution Applied to Horadam Polynomial-Subordinate Bi-Univalent Functions date: 2025 words: 4165 flesch: 76 summary: The characteristics of inclusion pertaining to univalent functions associated with bell distribution functions. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45 Key Words and Phrases: Horadam polynomials, bi-univalent functions, analytic functions, Fekete-Szegö problem 1. keywords: amourah; distribution; functions; math; polynomials cache: ejpam-5955.pdf plain text: ejpam-5955.txt item: #1447 of 2048 id: ejpam-5956 author: Shi, Dali; Abu_Shugair, M.N.; Abbas, S.E.; Ibedou, Ismail title: Picture Fuzzy Modal Ideal Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 14879 flesch: 88 summary: Axiom 7*: K ↠ Q = ♯ implies that K ⊆ Q, and K ⊆ Q implies that K ↠ Q is a PFTaut set. Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5956 24 of 30 τ(K) =  ⟨1, 0, 0⟩ if K ∈ {♭, ♯} , ⟨0.6, 0.2, 0.2⟩ if K = K1, ⟨0, 1, 0⟩ otherwise, , σ( Q ) =  ⟨1, 0, 0⟩ if Q ∈ {♭, ♯} , ⟨0.5, 0.3, 0.1⟩ if Q = Q 1, ⟨0, 1, 0⟩ otherwise, ℓP ( Q ) =  ⟨1, 0, 0⟩ if Q = ♭, ⟨0.7, 0.15, 0.15⟩ if {⟨ζ, 0.4, 0.5, 0.1⟩ |ζ ∈ Υ} ⊆ Q ⊆ ♯, ⟨0, 1, 0⟩ otherwise. keywords: q(ξ; ∈ ξ cache: ejpam-5956.pdf plain text: ejpam-5956.txt item: #1448 of 2048 id: ejpam-5957 author: Bago, Raimah; Abdulcarim, Normalah title: On Gould-Hopper-based Bivariate Fubini polynomials date: 2025 words: 7441 flesch: 86 summary: = ye(x+1)t+ztj 1− y(et − 1) = ext+ztj − ext+ztj + yext+ztj − yext+ztj + ye(x+1)t+ztj 1− y(et − 1) = ext+ztj + yext+ztj − ext+ztj (1− yet + y) 1− y(et − 1) = ext+ztj 1− y(et − 1) + yext+ztj 1− y(et − 1) − ext+ztj . = ext+ztj 1− y(et − 1) , (23) where |t| < 2π, if y y+1 = 1, and |t| < ∣∣∣ln( y y+1 )∣∣∣, if y y+1 ̸= 1. Observe that when j = 2, ∞∑ n=0 HF (2) n (x, y; z) tn n! = ext+zt2 1− y(et − 1) = ∞∑ n=0 HFn(x, y; z) tn n! , (24) which are the 3-variable Hermite-Fubini polynomials. keywords: n=0; tn n cache: ejpam-5957.pdf plain text: ejpam-5957.txt item: #1449 of 2048 id: ejpam-5958 author: Nisse, Khadidja ; Qawaqneh, Haitham; Al-Musannef, Gawhara ; Alsamir, Habes ; Beloul, Said title: Fixed Points for Generalized Contractions in $b$-Gauge Spaces and Applications date: 2025 words: 7932 flesch: 82 summary: Suppose that the following condition holds ˜(C2) ∀x, y ∈ E with x ̸= y, there exists N = N(x, y) ∈ N∗ and (apx,y)Np=0 ⊂ E such that: (i) a0x,y = x, aNx,y = y, and αν(a p−1 x,y , a p x,y) ≥ 1, ∀p = 1, ..., N,∀ν ∈ N ; (ii) N∑ p=1 spdwi(ν)(a p−1 x,y , a p x,y) ≤Ms,ν(x, y) < Moreover, for all x, y, z ∈ E and for every t ∈ K ∈ K, by means of Young’s inequality, we get: |x(t)− y(t)|2 ≤ (|x(t)− z(t)|+ |z(t)− y(t)|)2 ≤ 2 ( |x(t)− z(t)|2 + |z(t)− y(t)|2 ) K. Nisse et al. / Eur. keywords: spaces cache: ejpam-5958.pdf plain text: ejpam-5958.txt item: #1450 of 2048 id: ejpam-5960 author: Alsaedi, Najah title: On Nearly $\alpha$-Boundedness in L-Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 13673 flesch: 92 summary: If (𝐿𝑋, 𝜏) is an 𝐿–ts, then for 𝜂 ∈ 𝐿𝑋, 𝑐𝑙 (𝜂), 𝑖𝑛𝑡 (𝜂) and 𝜂′ will denote the closure, N. A. Alsaedi / Eur. If 𝜂 ∈ 𝐿𝑋 and 𝜇 ≤ 𝜂 then 𝑁𝛼𝐵.𝑖𝑛𝑡 (𝜇) ≤ 𝑁𝛼𝐵.𝑖𝑛𝑡 (𝜂). keywords: ∈ 𝐷; ∈ 𝐼; ∈ 𝐿𝑋; ∈ 𝑀; ∈ 𝑅𝑥𝛼; ∈ 𝑋; −1 𝐿; 𝐿 −; 𝑋. 𝐿𝑋 cache: ejpam-5960.pdf plain text: ejpam-5960.txt item: #1451 of 2048 id: ejpam-5962 author: Atoom, Ali; Al-Otaibi, Mutaib ; Qoqazeh, Hamza ; AlKhawaldeh, AL-Faroq Omar title: On The Distinctive Bi-generations That are Arising Three Frameworks for Maximal and Minimal Bitopologies spaces, Their Relationship to Bitopological Spaces, and Their Respective Applications date: 2025 words: 8025 flesch: 69 summary: Assume that (Z, ϑ1, ϑ2) is pairwise compact closed spaces and not pairwise minimal compact closed space, then there is ϑ / 1 ≤ ϑ1 and ϑ / 2 ≤ ϑ2 and (Z, ϑ / 1, ϑ / 2) is pairwise compact closed space. Whenever (Z, ϑ1, ϑ2) be pairwise compact compact closed space and (N,ϑ1, ϑ2) ⊂ (Z, ϑ1, ϑ2), then (N,ϑ1, ϑ2) is pairwise compact when and only when (N,ϑ1, ϑ2) is pairwise closed in (Z, ϑ1, ϑ2). keywords: compact; pairwise; pairwise lindelöf; space cache: ejpam-5962.pdf plain text: ejpam-5962.txt item: #1452 of 2048 id: ejpam-5963 author: Ali, Amjad; Bibi, Farha; Ali, Zeeshan; Shah, Kamal; Abdalla, Bahaaeldin; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Investigation of Existence and Ulam's type Stability for Coupled Fractal Fractional Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 6313 flesch: 74 summary: For the better understanding of consider coupled system FFDEs, we carry out investigations and analysis for model via the tools of mathematical analysis. Coupled systems have numerous applications in different fields, such as modeling of brain activities and spreads of disease in biology and medicine, modeling of mechanical systems, electrical circuits in engineering, and modeling of population dy- namics, predator-prey models in ecology and financial mathematical in economics. keywords: ffdes; fractional; r(t; r(δ; solution; stability; system; γ(η; δ)η−1δξ−1f(δ cache: ejpam-5963.pdf plain text: ejpam-5963.txt item: #1453 of 2048 id: ejpam-5967 author: Abu Awwad, Raed; Al-Momani, Monther; Abughazaleh, Baha'; Jaradat, Ali; Farah, Abdulkarim title: The Double Sumudu-Sawi Transform date: 2025 words: 3996 flesch: 84 summary: Convolution Theorem of DS-SWT Let F (ξ, χ) represent the Heaviside unit step function, which is defined as follows: F (ξ − u, χ− v) = { 1, ξ > u and χ > v 0, otherwise We have SξWχ(h(ξ − u, χ− v)F (ξ − u, χ− v)) keywords: transform cache: ejpam-5967.pdf plain text: ejpam-5967.txt item: #1454 of 2048 id: ejpam-5969 author: Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Radwan, Radwan Abu-Gdairi; Azzam , Abd elfattah; Mohammed Alhassan Attaalfadeel, Husham ; M. Shaaban, Shaaban ; M. Aldawood; Aldwoah , Khaled title: Supra E-open Sets: Features, Operators and Applications date: 2025 words: 6849 flesch: 82 summary: Utilizing our recently introduced category of supra open sets, we define new kinds of operators called supra ϵ-interior (closure, accumulation, exterior, and boundary, respectively). [13], presented the notion of supra open sets which consider the basic building blocks of supra topology ((abbreviated, STS)). keywords: sets; soft; supra cache: ejpam-5969.pdf plain text: ejpam-5969.txt item: #1455 of 2048 id: ejpam-5970 author: Kristiana, Arika Indah; Izza, Rifda; Agustin, Ika Hesti; Monalisa, L. A. ; Mursyidah, Indah Lutfiyatul; Baihaki, Rifki Ilham; Agustina, K. H. ; Dafik title: Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network  for Time Series Forecasting: Local Antimagic Coloring Based Companion Farming date: 2025 words: 8121 flesch: 69 summary: The study of graph colorings has been an essential area of research in combinatorics, particularly due to its wide-ranging applications in network optimization, scheduling, and cryptographic systems As a subfield of graph coloring, local edge-antimagic (a, d)-coloring (lea(a, d) color- ing) has been the subject of numerous studies. keywords: antimagic; coloring; edge; graph; stgnn cache: ejpam-5970.pdf plain text: ejpam-5970.txt item: #1456 of 2048 id: ejpam-5971 author: Krisnawati, Vira Hari ; Hidayat, Noor; Musyarrofah, Ayunda Faizatul title: Bounds on the Energy of Zero-divisor Graph of Quotient Ring and Its Topological Indices date: 2025 words: 6395 flesch: 80 summary: The eigenvalues of G are 0, with multiplicity ℘4 − ℘2 − 2, and −1, with multiplicity ℘2 − 3. (ii) = 1 2 (2℘8 − 4℘5 − ℘4 + ℘2 + 2). keywords: energy; graph; i=1; index; indices cache: ejpam-5971.pdf plain text: ejpam-5971.txt item: #1457 of 2048 id: ejpam-5973 author: Hamja, Jamil; Sheikholeslami, Seyed Mahmoud ; Imelda, Aniversario; Cabardo, Lyster Rey title: Hop $k$-Rainbow Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 7243 flesch: 87 summary: Applying the bounds presented in Theorem 4, for any positive integer k ≥ 1 and every graph G of order n, we have that 2min{n, k + 1} ≤ γhrk(G) + γhrk(G) ≤ 2n. = { k, if n ≥ k, n, if n < k. Proposition 3. keywords: graph; γhrk(g cache: ejpam-5973.pdf plain text: ejpam-5973.txt item: #1458 of 2048 id: ejpam-5974 author: Racma, Sango; Cabahug, Isagani, Jr. title: On Density of Some Graphs and Their Mycielski Graph date: 2025 words: 4783 flesch: 86 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: : 05C07, 05C12 Key Words and Phrases: graph density, Mycielski graph, special graph families 1. The concept of graph density serves as a fundamental metric in network analysis. keywords: edges; graph; number; vertices cache: ejpam-5974.pdf plain text: ejpam-5974.txt item: #1459 of 2048 id: ejpam-5978 author: Aguilon, Edison John; Artes, Rosalio; Dagondon, Susan title: Convex Independent Neighborhood Polynomial of Some Special Graphs date: 2025 words: 6003 flesch: 69 summary: Preliminary Results This section illustrates the definition of convex independent neighborhood polynomial of a graph. This contributes to convex independent neighborhood polynomial of G as 3x4y. keywords: convex; neighborhood; subsets; γin cache: ejpam-5978.pdf plain text: ejpam-5978.txt item: #1460 of 2048 id: ejpam-5979 author: Bekri, Zouaoui ; Aljohani, Sarah ; Samei, Mohammad Esmael ; Akg¨ul, Ali ; Belhenniche, Abdelkader ; Aloqaily, Ahmad; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Unique Solution Analysis for Generalized Caputo-Type Fractional BVP via Banach Contraction date: 2025 words: 6215 flesch: 71 summary: [ (ϑϱ − θϱ)σ−1(τϱ − θϱ)− (τϱ − θϱ)σ ] . (7) Proof. [ (ϑϱ − θϱ)σ−1(τϱ − θϱ)− (τϱ − θϱ)σ ] . Implies that∫ ϑ θ ∂|ℏ(τ,r)| ∂τ dr = 1 ϱσ−1σΓ(σ) keywords: fractional; σ σ; σ−1 cache: ejpam-5979.pdf plain text: ejpam-5979.txt item: #1461 of 2048 id: ejpam-5980 author: Danach, Kassem; Harb, Hassan; Fouad Aly, Wael Hosny; Kanj, Hassan; Kwekha Rashid, Ameer Sardar title: Bio-Inspired Optimization Through Photosynthesis: A Novel Approach for Balancing Exploration and Exploitation in Complex Systems date: 2025 words: 9110 flesch: 40 summary: In order to evaluate the robustness of the proposed PSIO algorithm, we conducted a series of sensitivity tests on three key parameters: the balance parameter α, the muta- tion rate, and the population size. These interconnected strategies enable PSIO to maintain a dynamic bal- ance between exploration and exploitation, reducing the likelihood of premature convergence - a common challenge in complex optimization problems. keywords: algorithm; balance; chlorophyll; convergence; diversification; exploration; intensification; optimization; photosynthesis; population; problems; psio; search; solution cache: ejpam-5980.pdf plain text: ejpam-5980.txt item: #1462 of 2048 id: ejpam-5981 author: Morad Ahmad; Amleh, Mohammad Abdel-Moniem title: A New Method  for Generating Continuous Distributions with Applications date: 2025 words: 3869 flesch: 68 summary: Assume that Y1, Y2, ...., Yn is a random sample from α − RE distribution, the corre- sponding likelihood function is: L(α, θ, yi) For this, we generate random samples of α − RE distribution by considering the true values of θ and α to be 1.5 and 2, respectively. keywords: distribution; function cache: ejpam-5981.pdf plain text: ejpam-5981.txt item: #1463 of 2048 id: ejpam-5982 author: Penumarthy Parvateesam, Murthy; Dhuri, Chandra Prakash ; RAMASWAMY, RAJAGOPALAN; Hyatt Khan, Khizar; Abdelnaby, Ola Ashour title: Common Fixed Point Theorems for Mappings Satisfying implicit Relation in Bipolar metric Space} date: 2025 words: 6766 flesch: 86 summary: = Y ⊆ X ∪ Y = T (X ∪ Y ). Let X = {C(a, b, d) : a, d ∈ R} and Y = {L(b, d) : d ∈ R}. keywords: metric; point cache: ejpam-5982.pdf plain text: ejpam-5982.txt item: #1464 of 2048 id: ejpam-5984 author: Hamja, Jamil; Sheikholeslami, Seyed Mahmoud ; Esmaeeli, Mina; Cris L. Armada; Aniversario, Imelda S. title: Independent Double Roman Domination Stability in Graph date: 2025 words: 8705 flesch: 88 summary: Then the function g defined on T − x1 by g(x3) − {x3}, is an IDRD- function of T − x1 of weight at most ω(f) keywords: function; graph cache: ejpam-5984.pdf plain text: ejpam-5984.txt item: #1465 of 2048 id: ejpam-5986 author: Ege, Inci title: Modified Laplace-type Transform and Its Properties date: 2025 words: 6566 flesch: 87 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 44A10, 44A20, 34A25, 44A05 Key Words and Phrases: Laplace transform, Laplace-type integral transform, modified degen- erate Gamma function, integral equation 1. Then the integral G∗ α,λ{f(t)} = uα ∫ ∞ 0 (1 + λ)− t uλ f(t) dt (7) is said to be the modified Laplace-type transform G∗ α,λ of f(t) provided that the integral in (7) exists. keywords: laplace; ln(1; transform cache: ejpam-5986.pdf plain text: ejpam-5986.txt item: #1466 of 2048 id: ejpam-5987 author: Alsallami, Shami; Alkinidri, Mohammed title: Abundant Explicit Non-Traveling Wave Solutions to the \((3 + 1)\)-Dimensional Nonlinear Evolution Equation Using a Generalized Variable Separation Method date: 2025 words: 7214 flesch: 70 summary: Non-traveling wave solutions allow us to characterize more complex natural phenom- ena across various scientific fields, which may not be easily analyzed using soliton solutions. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 35Q51, 35C05, 37K40 Key Words and Phrases: Non-traveling wave solutions, Generalized variable separation tech- nique, evolution equation, Wave solutions, Symbolic computation 1. keywords: equation; f1(z; nonlinear; solutions; wave cache: ejpam-5987.pdf plain text: ejpam-5987.txt item: #1467 of 2048 id: ejpam-5992 author: Ali, Jiwan Jalal; Ali, Didar Abdulkhaleq title: Stability and Maximum Independent Bond Set Polynomials of Painkiller Molecules Using Maximum Matching date: 2025 words: 6802 flesch: 70 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 5992 5 of 22 The following Table 1 enlisted some standard topological indices based on degrees of maximum independent bond set and their derivation from the maximum independent bond set polynomials, where Dx = x∂f(x,y) ∂x , Dy = y ∂f(x,y) ∂y , Sx = ∫ DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i2.5992 Email addresses: jiwan.ali@uoz.edu.krd (J. J. Ali), didar.ali@uoz.edu.krd (D. A. Ali) https://www.ejpam.com 1 keywords: ali; drug; graph; matching; maximum; r=1; structure; v4v5; ∀uv∈xr cache: ejpam-5992.pdf plain text: ejpam-5992.txt item: #1468 of 2048 id: ejpam-5993 author: Allehyani, A. S. title: Finite Groups with Certain $\mathcal{SSH}$-subgroups date: 2025 words: 6995 flesch: 81 summary: Clearly, P1 ⊴ G and (G/P1)/(H/P1) ∼=265 G/H ∈ F. By using similar arguments as in the second paragraph of (1) in Theorem 2,266 we can see that G/P1 ∈ F. But P1 ⩽ Φ(G), then G/Φ(G) ∈ F and, since F is saturated,267 we have G ∈ F, a contradiction. Let H and L be normal subgroups of G and let p ∈ π(G). keywords: cyclic; lemma; ssh; subgroup; sylow cache: ejpam-5993.pdf plain text: ejpam-5993.txt item: #1469 of 2048 id: ejpam-5994 author: Abodayeh, Kamaleldin; Rome, Badshah-e-; Nizam, Sidra; Sarwar, Muhammad title: Unique Fixed Point Results via Geraghty Type Contraction with Applications date: 2025 words: 6388 flesch: 83 summary: The idea of fixed point in fuzzy metric space (FWS̃) has been studied and explored by several authors. On some result in fuzzy metric space. keywords: metric; ˆ κm; ζ ˙; ζ βpwµpκm´1,κm; ζqq; κm`1 cache: ejpam-5994.pdf plain text: ejpam-5994.txt item: #1470 of 2048 id: ejpam-5996 author: Chandoul, Amara; Assiry, Abdallah title: Some Irreducible Polynomials Over a Finite Field date: 2025 words: 3021 flesch: 71 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11A05, 11C08, 11T06, 11T55, 12E05 Key Words and Phrases: Polynomial, irreducible polynomial, finite field, divisibility, divisibility criteria 1. The theory of irreducible polynomials over finite fields is both rich and elegant, blending algebraic rigor with practical utility. keywords: finite; polynomials cache: ejpam-5996.pdf plain text: ejpam-5996.txt item: #1471 of 2048 id: ejpam-6 author: Saaty, Thomas L. title: The analytic hierarchy and analytic network measurement processes: Applications to decisions under Risk date: 2007 words: 29950 flesch: 59 summary: If desired, include a criterion in each hierarchy called “other” or “the unknown” for which appropriate priority values may be derived from paired comparisons. To perform marginal analysis, we first ordered the alternatives by increasing cost priorities and then formed the benefit-to-cost ratios corresponding to the smallest cost, followed by the ratios of the differences of successive benefits to costs. keywords: alternatives; appl; benefits; costs; criteria; criterion; decision; elements; eur; figure; hierarchy; j. pure; judgments; market; math; matrix; model; priorities; priority; pure; relative; respect; risks; saaty; supermatrix; t. saaty; table; values cache: ejpam-6.pdf plain text: ejpam-6.txt item: #1472 of 2048 id: ejpam-6001 author: Riaz, Muhammad; Ali, Zeeshan; Ud Din, Rahim; Ahmad, Sadique ; Abodayeh, Kamaleldin ; Sarwar, Muhammad title: Mathematical Modeling with Two Strains to Investigate Evolution of COVID-19 from Computational and Theoretical Perspectives date: 2025 words: 9400 flesch: 65 summary: On nonlinear dynamics of COVID-19 disease model corre- sponding to nonsingular fractional order derivative. Math, 18 (2) (2025), 6001 13 of 27 Parameters Sensitivity Index Parameters Sensitivity Index f(b) 1 f(γ1) 0.8737 f(K) 1 f(γ2) 0.6978 f(h1) −0.00124 f(c1) −0.00103 f(h2) −0.00124 f(c2) −0.0015 f(d0) 0.9674 f(η) −0.1044 f(ϕ) −0.9895 Table 1: Sensitivity indices of R0 with respect to model parameters . keywords: covid-19; disease; dynamics; fractional; infection; model; numerical; order; rate; strain cache: ejpam-6001.pdf plain text: ejpam-6001.txt item: #1473 of 2048 id: ejpam-6005 author: Ud din, Rahim; Shoaib Arif, Muhammad title: Numerical Analysis of Deterministic and Stochastic Model of COVID-19 Co-infection with Influenza date: 2025 words: 8022 flesch: 68 summary: Endemic equilibrium point (EEP), and disease free equilibrium points (DFEP) are calculated for deterministic model. For numerical simulation, the non-standard finite difference (NSFD) scheme is used for deterministic model. keywords: arif; covid-19; din; infection; influenza; model; numerical cache: ejpam-6005.pdf plain text: ejpam-6005.txt item: #1474 of 2048 id: ejpam-6007 author: Megahed, Abd El-Monem; M. Kamel, Nesreen ; M. Hanafy, I. ; A. Omar, Nora title: A Numerical Solution for Nash Differential Games Based on the Runge Kutta 4th-order Method date: 2025 words: 6390 flesch: 80 summary: For n = 0, x1 − x0 = h 6 Φ1(xn, λ1,n, λ2,n, t), |x1 − x0| = ∣∣∣∣h6Φ1(xn, λ1,n, λ2,n, t) ∣∣∣∣ , |x1 − x0| ≤ h 6 M1. = h [ λ1(t1 + K2λ1 2 )2 P1 (1− (x1 + h 2 )) − λ1(t1 + K2λ1 2 )λ2(t1 + K2λ1 2 ) P2 (x1 + h 2 )− ϕ1 ] , K4λ1 = hFλ1 (x1 + h, t1 +K3x) = h [ λ1(t1 +K3λ1) 2 P1 (1− (x1 + h)) − λ1(t1 +K3λ1)λ2(t1 +K3λ1) P2 (x1 + h)− ϕ1 ] . (45) λ1,2 = −h2ϕ1 + h6 6 [ (ϕ1) 2 P1 ( (1− x0) + 4(1− x0 − h 2 ) + (1− x0 − h) ) − ϕ1ϕ2 P2 ( x0 + 4(x0 + h 2 ) + (x0 + h) )] + ϕ1h 2 (46) A. A. Megahed et al. / Eur. keywords: differential; firm cache: ejpam-6007.pdf plain text: ejpam-6007.txt item: #1475 of 2048 id: ejpam-6008 author: Viriyapong, Nongluk ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 6476 flesch: 72 summary: Journal of Advanced Research in Pure Mathematics, 2(1):11–25, 2010. This paper presents new classes of multifunctions between bitopological spaces, namely upper contra-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower contra-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions. keywords: τ1τ2; τ2)-continuous cache: ejpam-6008.pdf plain text: ejpam-6008.txt item: #1476 of 2048 id: ejpam-6009 author: Viriyapong, Chokchai ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)p$-continuity and Almost Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)p$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 7787 flesch: 75 summary: Furthermore, several characterizations of almost (Λ, p)-continuous functions, strongly θ(Λ, p)-continuous functions, almost strongly θ(Λ, p)-continuous func- tions, θ(Λ, p)-continuous functions, weakly (Λ, b)-continuous functions, θ(⋆)-precontinuous functions, (Λ, p(⋆))-continuous functions, ⋆-continuous functions, θ-I -continuous func- tions, almost (g,m)-continuous functions, pairwise almostM -continuous functions, (τ1, τ2)- continuous functions, almost (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions, weakly (τ1, τ2)-continuous func- tions and slightly (τ1, τ2)s-continuous functions were presented in [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], Math, 18 (2) (2025), 6009 3 of 18 multifunctions, α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, almost α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunc- tions, weakly α(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, almost β(Λ, sp)-continuous multifunc- tions, slightly (Λ, sp)-continuous multifunctions, weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous mul- tifunctions, almost quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, c-(τ1, τ2)-continuous multi- functions, c-quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions, s-(τ1, τ2)p-continuous multifunctions, slightly α(τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and slightly (τ1, τ2)p-continuous multifunctions were established in [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63] and [64], respectively. keywords: open; τ2)p cache: ejpam-6009.pdf plain text: ejpam-6009.txt item: #1477 of 2048 id: ejpam-6010 author: Khampakdee, Jeeranunt ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Almost Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 8288 flesch: 75 summary: Journal of Advanced Research in Pure Mathematics, 2(1):11–25, 2010. European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 16(1):29–43, 2023. keywords: open; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6010.pdf plain text: ejpam-6010.txt item: #1478 of 2048 id: ejpam-6011 author: Saad, Muhammad; Abdelwahab, Samia title: NJ-Abelian Rings: an Abelian-Like Approach date: 2025 words: 5878 flesch: 81 summary: For rings R and S, letM and N be (R,S)-bimodule and (S,R)-bimodule, respectively. The next examples show that the classes of NJ-abelian rings and abelian rings are independent. keywords: abelian; j(r; n(r; proposition; ring cache: ejpam-6011.pdf plain text: ejpam-6011.txt item: #1479 of 2048 id: ejpam-6012 author: Hussain, Akhtar; Usman, M.; Zidan, Ahmed M.; Herrera, Jorge title: Unraveling Symmetry Properties in a Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Evolution Model via the Lie Group Method date: 2025 words: 6818 flesch: 71 summary: = 1 2 (ψxx − 2ψ3)x + 3 2 ( − 1 4 ∂−1 x ψyy + ψψy ) , ψt = −1 4 (ψxx − 2ψ3)x − 3 4 ( 1 4 ∂−1 x ψyy + ψx∂ −1 x ψy ) , ψt = 2(ψxx − 2ψ3)x − 3 4 ( ∂−1 x ψyy − 2ψx∂ −1 x ψy − 6ψψy ) , (1) where ∂−1 x is the inverse of ∂x with ∂−1 x ∂x = ∂x∂ −1 x = 1, and (∂−1 x g)(x) = ∫ =− avzux + avuxz. keywords: lie; model; symmetry cache: ejpam-6012.pdf plain text: ejpam-6012.txt item: #1480 of 2048 id: ejpam-6013 author: Srisarakham, Napassanan ; Sompong, Supunnee; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On $R$-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 5434 flesch: 82 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C08, 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: τ1τ2-open set, R-(τ1, τ2)-continuous function 1. Furthermore, several characterizations and some properties concern- ing R-(τ1, τ2)-continuous functions are established. keywords: open; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6013.pdf plain text: ejpam-6013.txt item: #1481 of 2048 id: ejpam-6014 author: Thongmoon, Montri ; Sompong, Supunnee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: $\theta(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuity for Functions date: 2025 words: 5541 flesch: 82 summary: Introduction Stronger and weaker forms of open sets in topological spaces such as semi-open sets, preopen sets, α-open sets, β-open sets, δ-open sets and θ-open sets play an important role in the research of generalizations of continuity. [36] A bitopological space (X, τ1, τ2) is said to be (τ1, τ2)-regular if for each τ1τ2-closed set F and each x ̸∈ F , there exist disjoint τ1τ2-open sets U and V such that x ∈ U and F ⊆ V . keywords: cl(v; open; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-6014.pdf plain text: ejpam-6014.txt item: #1482 of 2048 id: ejpam-6017 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sompong, Supunnee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Strongly $\theta(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 5079 flesch: 81 summary: The set of all points x ∈ X at which a function f : (X, τ1, τ2) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is not strongly θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous is identical with the union of the (τ1, τ2)θ-frontier of the inverse images of σ1σ2-open sets containing f(x). 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C08; 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: (τ1, τ2)θ-open set, strongly θ(τ1, τ2)-continuous function 1. keywords: open; set; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6017.pdf plain text: ejpam-6017.txt item: #1483 of 2048 id: ejpam-6019 author: Khan, Sajid; Farooq, Muhammad; Ahmad, Sohaib; Mustafa, Manahil SidAhmed ; Mohamed, Elsiddig Idriss ; Hussain, Elfarazdag M. M.; Albadwi, Fatima Ibrahim Abdallah title: On Use of Predictive Technique for Estimation of Population Mean Using Auxiliary Information: Application on Real Data Sets date: 2025 words: 6039 flesch: 61 summary: − Z̄k2e2 − 1 2 Ȳ γe0e1 + Ȳ (γ2 + 2γ − 4γf)e21 8(1− f) + X̄k1γe 2 1 2(1− f) + Z̄k1γe1e2 2(1− f) (31) = NX̄ − nx̄ N − n Simplifying the right-hand side of Equation (29), multiplying and expressing the above equation in terms of e’s as follows: tp = Ȳ keywords: estimation; estimators; mean; population; sampling cache: ejpam-6019.pdf plain text: ejpam-6019.txt item: #1484 of 2048 id: ejpam-602 author: Farlow, Stanley Jerry title: A Self-Organizing Model for Logic Regression date: 2010 words: 3305 flesch: 71 summary: m mg E Y b b L b L b L= + + + where both the coefficients 0 1, ,..., mb b b and the logical expressions , 1,...,jL j m= are determined, whereby a logical expression one means logical relationships among the predictor variables, such as 1 2 ,X X are true but not 5 X , or 3 5 7 , ,X X X are true but not 1X or 2 X In paper By logical expressions jL , we mean Boolean expressions such as 1 2 ,X X are true but not 5 X , or 3 5 7 , ,X X X are true but not 1X or 2 X or if 1X and 2X are true then 5X is true. keywords: observations cache: ejpam-602.pdf plain text: ejpam-602.txt item: #1485 of 2048 id: ejpam-6020 author: Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Abu-Gdairi, Radwan; Azzam , Abd elfattah; Gharib , Fatouh ; Mohammed Alhassan Attaalfadeel, Husham ; Abdelfattah, Walid ; M. Shaaban, Shaaban ; Aldawood, Mohamed title: Novel Types of Supra Functions Inspired by Supra \(\epsilon\)-Open Sets date: 2025 words: 6675 flesch: 78 summary: The concept of supra open sets, which take into account the fundamental components of supra topology (abbreviated, STS), was introduced by Mashhour et al. They then used their previously defined category of supra open sets to study new kinds of operators called supra ϵ-interior (closure, accumulation, exterior, and boundary, respectively). keywords: function; soft; supra cache: ejpam-6020.pdf plain text: ejpam-6020.txt item: #1486 of 2048 id: ejpam-6024 author: Deme, El Hadji; Agbrabatt, Aminetou; Barry, Mamadou Aliou; Ahmedou, Sidiya; El Waled, Khalil title: A Class of Reduced Bias Estimators of Distortion Risk Measures under Dependence Serials with Heavy-Tailed Marginals date: 2025 words: 11442 flesch: 74 summary: The first part ( n k s )−γ Q(1 − k/n) in the right side of (18) is exactly estimated by the Weissman’s type estimator Q̂ (K) k (1 − s) and defined in (12). − γ 1 β − γ  gβ(k/n)Xn−k,n H2 = γ 1 β − γ ( Xn−k,n Q(1− k/n) − 1 ) gβ(k/n)Q(1− k/n) H3 = γ 1 β − γ gβ(k/n)Q(1− k/n)− ∫ ∞ Q(1−k/n) gβ(F (x))dx H4 = Ân,k(ρ̂ )( 1 β − γ̂ (K∆̂∗ opt ) n,k )( 1− βγ̂ (K∆̂∗ opt ) n,k − βρ̂ )gβ(k/n) Xn−k,n. Under assumptions and for all n large enough, we have from (23), √ k ( γ̂ (K∆̂∗ opt ) k keywords: distortion; estimator; function; risk; value cache: ejpam-6024.pdf plain text: ejpam-6024.txt item: #1487 of 2048 id: ejpam-6025 author: Baba, Cheibetta Ahmed ; Diongue, Abdou Ka title: Portfolio Optimization Using CART and Genetic Algorithms date: 2025 words: 6195 flesch: 57 summary: Alternatively, authors such as Konno, Konno and Yamazaki [3], and Zenios, Pang and Speranza [4], have suggested that portfolio risk should be calculated in linear rather than quadratic form, to create linear programming models for selecting an optimal portfolio, while incorporating asymmetrical risk criteria to simplify optimization. Indexing of financial series We suggest modeling financial asset time series by estimating local trends. keywords: ahmed; algorithm; assets; baba; data; dionque; optimization; portfolio; risk; series; value; variance cache: ejpam-6025.pdf plain text: ejpam-6025.txt item: #1488 of 2048 id: ejpam-6026 author: Hassan, Kawa title: A Comparative Study on the Impact of Infection on the Stability of Eco-epidemiological Models date: 2025 words: 6982 flesch: 68 summary: The eigenvalue in the i-direction is λ2 = s−3 − wp−3 − d3, and for: J ′ 13 = s−3 (n2p − 3 (c2+2s−3 ) G2 3 − e ) −n2s − 3 G3 mn2p − 3 (c1−(s−3 )2) G2 3 0  , we have: tr(J ′ 13) = s−3 ( n2p − 3 (c2 + 2s−3 ) G2 3 − e ) , det(J ′ 13) Hence, λ2 = s−3 − wp−3 − d3 < 0. keywords: holling; predator; prey; response; system; type cache: ejpam-6026.pdf plain text: ejpam-6026.txt item: #1489 of 2048 id: ejpam-6029 author: A. Hijab, Anas ; Shaakir, Laith; Aljohani, Sarah; Mlaik, Nabil Mlaik title: Common Fixed Point Results in Double-Composed Cone Metric-Like Spaces for Some Generalized Rational Contractions with Applications date: 2025 words: 9474 flesch: 86 summary: Obviously, cone b-metric-like spaces are generalized to cone b-metric spaces, cone metric-like spaces, cone metric spaces and metric spaces, respectively, but the same is not true vice versa (see [17, 19, 21–25, 27]). 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54E50, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Fixed point, Cone metric space, Double-controlled metric-like spaces, Double-composed cone metric spaces, Double-composed cone-metric-like spaces. keywords: cone; lc(a; metric; point; spaces cache: ejpam-6029.pdf plain text: ejpam-6029.txt item: #1490 of 2048 id: ejpam-6030 author: Gaber, Ahmed; M. Younis, Tawfik ; F. Alharbi, Mona title: Symmetries and Novel Exact Solutions for \( (2+1) \)-D QZK Equation via Lie-Symmetry and Kudryashov-Auxiliary Method date: 2025 words: 3351 flesch: 74 summary: − q − 2q −m2r − 2m2r + 2rm+ rm) pm[1 + csc (k(x−m1) + h(y −m2))] . − q − 2q −m2r − 2m2r + 2rm+ rm) pm[1 + csch (kt+ h(y −m2x))] . keywords: equation; gaber; solutions cache: ejpam-6030.pdf plain text: ejpam-6030.txt item: #1491 of 2048 id: ejpam-6032 author: R. , Suvetha; K., Rangarajan; P, Rajadurai; M., Kaviyarasu ; Mohammad , Alqahtani title: Integrated Sustainable Inventory and Remanufacturing Optimization in a Circular Economy: A Two-Echelon Supply Chain Approach Under Carbon Regulations date: 2025 words: 15517 flesch: 58 summary: Inventory systems, in particular, are at the forefront of these efforts, where the interplay between deteriorating items, circular economy (CE) principles, and carbon emissions policies necessitates innovative approaches. As a result, inventory models that address carbon emissions policy, item deteriora- tion, imperfect quality and CE indicators are the primary focus of the research study. keywords: appl; carbon; cost; demand; emissions; et al; eur; inventory; manufacturing; math; model; profit; pure; retailer; supply; time cache: ejpam-6032.pdf plain text: ejpam-6032.txt item: #1492 of 2048 id: ejpam-6033 author: Mutlaq Alotaibi, Abdulaziz ; Al-Tahat, Khalid ; Aljamal, Khaled Mustafa title: Notes on Finite Groups with Nearly S-permutable and Nearly S-permutable-Transitive Subgroups date: 2025 words: 3361 flesch: 78 summary: One fundamental property of normal subgroups is that if N is a normal subgroup of G and H is any subgroup of G, then NH = HN . Let G be agroup and H is normal subgroup of G and let H ≤ K ≤ G for every prime number p ∈ P with (P, |H|), since H ⊴ G implies H ⊴ K. Then NK(H) keywords: groups; subgroup cache: ejpam-6033.pdf plain text: ejpam-6033.txt item: #1493 of 2048 id: ejpam-6034 author: Abu Awwad, Raed; Al-Momani, Monther; Abughazaleh, Baha'; Jaradat, Ali; Farah, Abdulkarim title: The Conformable DoubleLaplace-Sawi Transform date: 2025 words: 3243 flesch: 83 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 6034 8 of 17 The following two figures illustrate the 2D graph of the solution with respect to γ and η at α1 = α2 = 0.7, 0.9, 1. Math, 18 (2) (2025), 6034 11 of 17 The following two figures illustrate the 2D graph of the solution with respect to γ and η at α1 = α2 = 0.5, 0.8, 1. keywords: ω(γ cache: ejpam-6034.pdf plain text: ejpam-6034.txt item: #1494 of 2048 id: ejpam-6036 author: Kong-ied, Butsakorn ; Sompong, Supunnee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Characterizations of Weakly Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 4560 flesch: 76 summary: Moreover, several characterizations and some properties concerning weakly contra- (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions are established. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C08, 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: τ1τ2-open set, weakly contra-(τ1, τ2)-continuous function 1. keywords: functions; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6036.pdf plain text: ejpam-6036.txt item: #1495 of 2048 id: ejpam-6037 author: Chutiman, Nipaporn ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Characterizations of Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 5738 flesch: 76 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54C08, 54E55 Key Words and Phrases: τ1τ2-open set, contra-(τ1, τ2)-continuous function 1. Furthermore, several characterizations and some properties concerning contra-(τ1, τ2)-continuous functions are investigated. keywords: open; σ1σ2; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6037.pdf plain text: ejpam-6037.txt item: #1496 of 2048 id: ejpam-6038 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)p$-continuity for Functions date: 2025 words: 4743 flesch: 81 summary: In [4], the present authors introduced and investigated a new class of functions called contra-super-continuous functions which lies between classes of RC-continuous func- tions and contra-continuous functions. On the other hand, the present authors introduced and studied the notions of of (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions keywords: open; τ2)p cache: ejpam-6038.pdf plain text: ejpam-6038.txt item: #1497 of 2048 id: ejpam-6039 author: Chiangpradit, Monchaya ; Sompong, Supunnee ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Contra-$(\tau_1,\tau_2)p$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 4807 flesch: 78 summary: On the other hand, the present authors introduced and studied the notions of (τ1, τ2)-continuous functions Preliminaries Throughout the present paper, spaces (X, τ1, τ2) and (Y, σ1, σ2) (or simply X and Y ) always mean bitopological spaces on which no separation axioms are assumed unless explicitly stated. keywords: open; τ2)p cache: ejpam-6039.pdf plain text: ejpam-6039.txt item: #1498 of 2048 id: ejpam-6040 author: Canoy, Sergio; Anoche, Jesica title: Geodetically Undominated Vertices in a Graph date: 2025 words: 6906 flesch: 94 summary: = ζgk(D14) = 3r + 2− |Ng G[D14]| = 3r + 2− 6 = 3k − 1. − |I2G(S)| = n− γg(G) + keywords: set cache: ejpam-6040.pdf plain text: ejpam-6040.txt item: #1499 of 2048 id: ejpam-6041 author: Maungchang, Rasimate ; Atiponrat, Watchareepan ; Suwansri, Tarid ; Wattanapan, Jaturon ; Suksumran, Teerapong title: The Complete List of Solutions to M\"{o}bius's Exponential Equation date: 2025 words: 3381 flesch: 70 summary: Möbius addition is a non-associative binary operation defined on the complex open unit disk D = {z ∈ C : |z| < 1} by a ⊕M b = a+ b 1 + ab , and Möbius’s Exponential Equation is a non-linear functional equation of the form L(a ⊕M b) = L(a)L(b), where L is a complex-valued function defined on D. In [Aequat. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 39B32, 30D05, 20N05 Key Words and Phrases: Möbius addition, Möbius’s Exponential Equation, associator function, gyrogroup, non-linear equation 1. keywords: möbius cache: ejpam-6041.pdf plain text: ejpam-6041.txt item: #1500 of 2048 id: ejpam-6042 author: Sun, Zhuoyu; Lee, Khai Chien; Aziz, N.H. Abdul ; Hashim, Ishak; Alias, Mohd Almie; Senu, Norazak title: A Novel Explicit Two-Derivative Runge–Kutta–Nyström Method with Energy Conservation for the Integration of Second-Order Periodic ODEs date: 2025 words: 12416 flesch: 66 summary: method outperforms TFTDRKN3s5 method. The TTRKNM consists of a pair of methods derived from its continuous version, which are used to produce simultaneous approximations of the solution and its first derivative at each point in the interval of interest. keywords: appl; eur; experiment; i=1; math; method; order; pure; stability; tfetdrkn(5 cache: ejpam-6042.pdf plain text: ejpam-6042.txt item: #1501 of 2048 id: ejpam-6045 author: Al Qarni, Noura; Alshehri, Noura Omair; Alghamdi, Rania title: Applications of Weighted Tangent Similarity Measure of Picture Hesitant Fuzzy Sets date: 2025 words: 5203 flesch: 57 summary: A combination of fuzzy similarity measures and fuzzy entropy measures for supervised feature selection. Similarity measures play a crucial role in numerous fuzzy set applications, including decision-making, pattern recognition, and medical diagnosis. keywords: measure; membership; picture; sets; similarity; ωtsm cache: ejpam-6045.pdf plain text: ejpam-6045.txt item: #1502 of 2048 id: ejpam-6046 author: Ontulan, Jhon Neceir; Balingit, Cherry Mae title: Independent Edge Domination Topology of Some Graph Families date: 2025 words: 5774 flesch: 82 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C70, 54A05, 54A25, 05C75 Key Words and Phrases: Independent edge domination topology, Independent edge dominating sets, Complete graph, Friendship graph, Complete bipartite graph 1. The same association of edge sets is the study of Alsinaia et al. keywords: edge; graph; set; topology cache: ejpam-6046.pdf plain text: ejpam-6046.txt item: #1503 of 2048 id: ejpam-6047 author: ur Rehman, Mutti; Alzabut , Jehad; Phulpoto, Amanullah; Tounsi, Mohamed; Al Naimi, Raja title: Stability, D-Stability, Strong D-Stability of Positive Linear Time-invariant Systems with Applications date: 2025 words: 10689 flesch: 71 summary: Matrix diagonal stability in systems and computation. The numerical testing supports the spectrum analysis and ϵ- pseudospectrum of Metzler matrices. keywords: d1(a1; d2a2; da2; linear; matrices; matrix; metzler; stability; systems; γd−1 cache: ejpam-6047.pdf plain text: ejpam-6047.txt item: #1504 of 2048 id: ejpam-6048 author: Abdulcarim, Normalah Sharief; Dagondon, Susan C. title: Independent Neighborhood Polynomial of the Direct and Corona Products of Trees date: 2025 words: 4952 flesch: 84 summary: Not all graphs have independent neighborhood set. Then the independent neighborhood polynomial of G of order m is Ni(G, x) = m∑ j=ηi(G) ni(G, j)xj , where ni(G, j) is the number of independent neighborhood sets of G of cardinality j and ηi(G) is the minimum cardinality of an independent neighborhood set which is called the independent neighborhood number of G. Example 4. keywords: neighborhood; sets cache: ejpam-6048.pdf plain text: ejpam-6048.txt item: #1505 of 2048 id: ejpam-6049 author: M. Shaaban, Shaaban; M. El-Sherif , Anas ; A. Hammam, Ahmed ; M. Attaalfadeel, Husham ; I. Mesalam, Yehya title: Petroleum Well Site Selection Using MCRAT Integrated with Rough Set Theory date: 2025 words: 7033 flesch: 67 summary: (CC BY-NC 4.0) S. M. Shaaban et al. / Eur. S. M. Shaaban et al. / Eur. keywords: alternative; appl; criteria; decision; eur; max; method; oil; pure; shale; table; umax; umin cache: ejpam-6049.pdf plain text: ejpam-6049.txt item: #1506 of 2048 id: ejpam-6050 author: Kaviyarasu, M.; Alqahtani, Mohammed ; Rajeshwari, M. title: Exponential Fuzzy Sets and Applications of AI-Powered Investment Decision-Making Using the Weighted Mean Method date: 2025 words: 8787 flesch: 82 summary: 0.1487 s10 0.1726 0.1353 0.1737 Table 2: exponential fuzzy membership values for each stock Weighted Mean Aggregation Using the formula: ℵEG(s) Senior Analyst (Weight = w2 = 0.3) • E3: AI Model (Weight = w3 = 0.5) where ∑3 j=1wj = 1 and ⊺ = 2. Experts assign fuzzy membership values ℵAj (s) to each stock: Investments ℵA1(s) ℵA2(s) ℵA3(s) s1 0.3 0.4 0.5 s2 0.6 0.7 0.8 s3 0.8 0.9 1.0 s4 0.5 0.6 0.7 s5 0.9 1.0 0.9 s6 0.7 0.4 0.8 s7 0.5 1.0 0.3 s8 1.0 0.3 0.2 s9 0.1 0.5 0.9 s10 0.7 1.0 0.4 Table 1: Fuzzy Membership Values for Each Stock The exponential fuzzy membership formula is ℵEAj (s) = ℵAj (s)e −2ℵAj (s) (5.1) M. Kaviyarasu, M. Rajeshwari, M. Alqahtani / Eur. keywords: ea ∪; eac ∩; ℵa(s)e; ℵc a(s)e; −⊺ℵa(s; ∩ eb; ∩ ebc cache: ejpam-6050.pdf plain text: ejpam-6050.txt item: #1507 of 2048 id: ejpam-6051 author: Muhammad Usman; Khan, Hidayat Ullah; Muhammad Sarwar; Nahid Fatima ; Kamaleldin Abodayeh title: An Innovative Analytical Result of Two-Dimensional Heat Equation Using Joint Mechanism of Natural Transform and Adomian Decomposition Method date: 2025 words: 3481 flesch: 70 summary: Due to the fact that there are so many real-world issues in computer science, artificial intelligence, physics, and industrial engineering, fuzzy fractional integral equations have a lot more applications. Series type solution of fuzzy fractional order swift–hohenberg equa- tion by fuzzy hybrid sumudu transform. keywords: fuzzy; φ̆(x cache: ejpam-6051.pdf plain text: ejpam-6051.txt item: #1508 of 2048 id: ejpam-6052 author: Antabo, Irene Mae; Cabardo, Lyster Rey; Dagondon, Susan; Vilela, Jocelyn title: On Pseudo $BN$-algebras date: 2025 words: 5686 flesch: 82 summary: = y ∗ (0 ◦ x) and x ◦ (0 ∗ y) = y ∗ (0 ◦ x), x ◦ (0 ∗ y) = y ◦ (0 ∗ x). keywords: ∗ y cache: ejpam-6052.pdf plain text: ejpam-6052.txt item: #1509 of 2048 id: ejpam-6053 author: ., Eiman; Shah, Kamal; Sarwar, Muhammad; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Modeling Virus Mutation Dynamics Using Piecewise Fractional Derivatives date: 2025 words: 7966 flesch: 70 summary: Precise estimates of virus mutation rates are crucial to our understanding of how viruses evolve and their defence. The concerned study aims to detect the crossover behavior of the dynamics of virus mutation. keywords: abc(ξ; fractional; model; mutation; post; pre; virus; γ(ξ cache: ejpam-6053.pdf plain text: ejpam-6053.txt item: #1510 of 2048 id: ejpam-6054 author: Wani, Shahid Ahmad ; Alqurashi, Taghreed ; Ramírez, William; Malge, Shilpa ; Berrio Valbuena, Jesus David title: An Analytical Study of Two-Dimensional Bell Polynomials and Their Properties date: 2025 words: 5147 flesch: 68 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6054 5 of 16 Here, we have made a significant advancement in the field by developing a new formulation for the generating relation of 2D Bell polynomials given by the generating expression: ∞∑ n=0 B[j] n (q1, q2) ξn n! = eq1(e ξ−1)+q2(eξ−1)j . For n ≥ 0, let { B [j] n (q1, q2) } n≥0 be the sequences of 2D Bell polynomials in the variable q1, q2 and q3, they satisfy the following relation n∑ k=0 ( n k ) keywords: n=0; ξn n cache: ejpam-6054.pdf plain text: ejpam-6054.txt item: #1511 of 2048 id: ejpam-6056 author: Qawaqneh, Haitham Ali; Al-Musannef, Gawhara ; Alsamir, Habes title: Advances in Rational Contractions within Extended $b-$Metric Spaces and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 5249 flesch: 71 summary: Existence of fixed point results in orthogonal extended b-metric spaces with application. Fixed point results in metric-like spaces via σ-simulation functions. keywords: point cache: ejpam-6056.pdf plain text: ejpam-6056.txt item: #1512 of 2048 id: ejpam-6059 author: Pongpipat, Denpong ; Nupo, Nuttawoot title: Lower and Upper Acyclicities on Unitary Cayley Graphs of Finite Commutative Rings date: 2025 words: 5182 flesch: 86 summary: In this paper, we determine the lower and upper acyclic numbers for unitary Cayley graphs of Zn and their complements. Some prominent results of unitary Cayley graphs were studied by several researchers. keywords: cayley; graph; set; vertices cache: ejpam-6059.pdf plain text: ejpam-6059.txt item: #1513 of 2048 id: ejpam-6062 author: Abass, Hammed; Aphane, Maggie; Oyewole, Olawale Kazeem; Narain, Ojen; Mustafoyev, K. I. title: Solving Systems of Monotone Variational Inclusion Problems with Multiple Output Sets in Banach Spaces date: 2025 words: 8054 flesch: 82 summary: − g(x) : x ∈ E}, x∗ ∈ E∗. Let the domain of g be denoted by domg = {x ∈ E : g(x) < +∞}, hence for any y ∈ E, we define the directional derivative of g at x in the direction of y by g0(x, y) = lim t→0+ g(x+ ty)− g(x) t . The graph of B denoted by G(B) = {(x, x∗) ∈ E × E∗ : x∗ ∈ Bx}. keywords: banach; point; problem; spaces cache: ejpam-6062.pdf plain text: ejpam-6062.txt item: #1514 of 2048 id: ejpam-6063 author: Hassan, Javier ; Canoy, Jr., Sergio; Gamorez, Anabel E. ; Ahmad, Eman C. ; Sappari , An-Nadzwie title: 2-Vertex Covering of a Graph date: 2025 words: 5593 flesch: 88 summary: Other studies on vertex cover and its variations can be found in [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], and Conclusion The parameter 2-vertex cover, a variant of vertex cover, had been introduced and initially studied. keywords: cover; set; vertex; β2(g cache: ejpam-6063.pdf plain text: ejpam-6063.txt item: #1515 of 2048 id: ejpam-6064 author: Al-Ityan, Mohammad ; Amourah, Ala; Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Anakira, Nidal ; Bani Raba'a, Mohammad ; Hammad, Suha ; Sasa, Tala title: Fekete-Szeg¨o Inequalities for a New Class of Bi-Univalent Functions Defined via the Mittag-Leffler Function date: 2025 words: 4115 flesch: 73 summary: The subclass offers a robust frame- work for studying bi-univalent functions, particularly in relation to coefficient estimates, distortion theorems, and other central topics in geometric function theory. A class of bi-univalent functions in a leaf-like domain defined through subordination via q-calculus. keywords: class; functions; γ(ג+; γ(ℶ cache: ejpam-6064.pdf plain text: ejpam-6064.txt item: #1516 of 2048 id: ejpam-6065 author: Armada, Cris L.; M. Kiunisala, Edward; Rosero, Cristopher John S.; Malusay, Jeneveb T. title: Forcing Clique Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 6182 flesch: 86 summary: Connected graphs with forcing clique domination number equal to 0, 1, or a, where a is greater than 1 but less than the clique domination number, are characterized. A subset S of V (G+H) is a clique dominating set of G+H if and only if one of the following statements holds: (i) S is clique dominating set of G (ii) S is a clique dominating set of H. (iii) S = S1 ∪ S2, where ⟨S1⟩ and ⟨S2⟩ are cliques in G and H, respectively. keywords: clique; set; γcl cache: ejpam-6065.pdf plain text: ejpam-6065.txt item: #1517 of 2048 id: ejpam-6066 author: Laipaporn, Kittipong; Jankaew, Ratcharut; Sae-Iu, Poomipat; Karnbanjong, Adisak title: On the Diophantine equation $4(7^x)-p^y=z^2$ date: 2025 words: 5674 flesch: 79 summary: Motivated by previous studies on exponential Diophantine equations, we continue this line of inquiry by examining the equation 4(7x)− py = z2, where p is a prime and x, y, z ∈ Z0. − py = z2, where p is a prime. keywords: mod; y ≡ cache: ejpam-6066.pdf plain text: ejpam-6066.txt item: #1518 of 2048 id: ejpam-6067 author: Shatnawi, Mutaz ; Oudetallah, Jamal ; Bataiha, Anwar ; Amourah, Ala; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Sasa, Tala title: G-Compact Spaces Characterized by the Intersection of Countable Neighborhoods date: 2025 words: 6746 flesch: 71 summary: In this research, we introduce and analyze the concepts ofG-compactness, G-Lindelöfness, and G-countably compactness within the framework of topological spaces, which are characterized by more rigorous conditions compared to those governing compact and Lindelöf spaces. This relationship enables metric spaces to exemplify topological spaces, facilitating the investigation of concepts such as continuity and convergence see [3]. keywords: compactness; finite; set; space cache: ejpam-6067.pdf plain text: ejpam-6067.txt item: #1519 of 2048 id: ejpam-6069 author: Arlan, Erwin; Montero, Maribeth title: Some Properties of the Non-central Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind with Complex Parameters date: 2025 words: 2753 flesch: 77 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05A15, 05A18, 30C15 Key Words and Phrases: Classical Stirling numbers, Non-central Stirling numbers, Complex numbers 1. Thus, following the work of Flajolet and Prodinger, it is interesting if we could extend non-central Stirling numbers of the second kind to complex arguments. keywords: numbers cache: ejpam-6069.pdf plain text: ejpam-6069.txt item: #1520 of 2048 id: ejpam-6070 author: Chebbah, Samar; Haiour, Mohamed; Madi, Sofiane title: Overlapping Domain Decomposition Methods for Noncoercive Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation date: 2025 words: 5894 flesch: 63 summary: The extended system satisfies the following equations:max 1≤i≤n (B̃iζ − G i(ζ)) Math, 18 (2) (2025), 6070 11 of 20 By subtracting these two equations and considering the decomposition Bi = A i+ µI, we obtain: (Bi − µI)(ζ+ − ζ−) = 0 ⇔ A i(ζ+ − ζ−) = 0. keywords: decomposition; domain; haiour; max; solution cache: ejpam-6070.pdf plain text: ejpam-6070.txt item: #1521 of 2048 id: ejpam-6071 author: Lee Chew Yee; Maslina Darus title: Coefficient Results on Certain Subclasses of Sakaguchi Type Bi-univalent Functions date: 2025 words: 3476 flesch: 83 summary: Hence, the following conditions must be satisfied by function F ∈ A for its inverse map F−1 to exist: F−1(F(ξ)) 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C10, 30C45, 30C50, 33C45 Key Words and Phrases: Analytic functions, bi-univalent functions, convolution, Gegenbauer polynomial, Einstein function, Sakaguchi type function, coefficient estimate, Fekete-Szegö 1. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-6071.pdf plain text: ejpam-6071.txt item: #1522 of 2048 id: ejpam-6072 author: Algefary, Ali; Alqufari, Khulud title: Common Riccati Stability and Time-Delay Systems date: 2025 words: 5325 flesch: 66 summary: In the first part, we explore the connections between common Riccati stability for a family of matrix pairs U = {(Ai, Bi)}mi=1 and the concepts of common Lyapunov stability and common Schur stability. The results provide criteria for common Riccati stability, exploring its implications on Lyapunov and Schur stability across matrix families. keywords: family; lyapunov; matrix; riccati; stability cache: ejpam-6072.pdf plain text: ejpam-6072.txt item: #1523 of 2048 id: ejpam-6073 author: Al-Mahdi, Adel M. ; Al-Gharabli, Mohammad; M. D. Kassim; Abdelaziz Soufyane; Mostafa Zahri; Mukiawa, Soh Edwin title: Controllability of a System with Nonlinear Damping Devices and Nonlinear Source Terms in Elasticity Problems: Existence, Time Blow-up, and Numerical Results date: 2025 words: 9774 flesch: 78 summary: As k goes to +∞, we easily check that ∀j < k, ∫ Ω ztwj(x)dx− ∫ Ω z1wj(x)dx+ a1 ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω zxwjx(x)dxds+ a2 ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω uxwjx(x)dxds + γ ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω |zt|p(.)−2ztwj(x)dxds = ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω wjf(x, t)dxds,∫ Ω utwj(x)dx− ∫ Ω u1wj(x)dx+ a3 ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω uxwjx(x)dxds+ a2 ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω zxwjx(x)dx + β ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω |ut|q(.)−2utwj(x)dxds = ∫ t 0 ∫ Ω wjg(x, t)dxds. Messaoudi [27]considered the following nonlinear viscoelastic wave equation utt −∆u+ ∫ t 0 g(t− s)∆u(s)ds+ a|ut|m−2ut = b|u|p−2u, x ∈ Ω, t > 0, (8) where Ω is a bounded domain of Rn. keywords: appl; blow; eur; mahdi; pure; ∫ ω cache: ejpam-6073.pdf plain text: ejpam-6073.txt item: #1524 of 2048 id: ejpam-6074 author: Estrella, Roger; Malacas, Gina ; Canoy, Sergio title: 2-Step Movability of Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2025 words: 7935 flesch: 86 summary: Since hop domination and domination have similar applications in networks, it is also worthwhile to consider movability of hop dominating sets in graphs. In this paper, we introduce 2-step movability of hop dominating sets. keywords: dominating; hop; hop dominating; set; step cache: ejpam-6074.pdf plain text: ejpam-6074.txt item: #1525 of 2048 id: ejpam-6075 author: Alfeche, Farene Loida; Malacas, Gina; Canoy Jr, Sergio title: Secure Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2025 words: 7673 flesch: 87 summary: (iii) S = SG1 ∪ SG2 such that SG1 ∪ S′ G2 and S′ G1 ∪ SG2 are secure hop dominating sets in G1 and G2, respectively. The minimum cardinality among all secure hop dominating sets of G, denoted by γsh(G), is called the secure hop domination number of G. keywords: dominating; hop; hop dominating; set cache: ejpam-6075.pdf plain text: ejpam-6075.txt item: #1526 of 2048 id: ejpam-6076 author: Hamja, Jamil; Laja, Amy; Copel, Hounam; Amiruddin-Rajik, Baya; Mohammad, Nurijam Hanna title: On Certified Perfect Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 6004 flesch: 72 summary: The certified perfect domination number of G γcerp(G) represents the smallest size of a certified perfect dominating set in G. A certified perfect dominating set of G that attains this minimum size, i.e., |J | = γcerp(G) is referred to as a γcerp-set. We also examine the behavior of certified perfect dominating sets under graph operations such as the lexicographic and Cartesian products. keywords: dominating; graph; perfect; set; γcerp(g cache: ejpam-6076.pdf plain text: ejpam-6076.txt item: #1527 of 2048 id: ejpam-6077 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman title: Existence and Uniqueness of Fixed Points in $MR-Metric$ Spaces and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 5587 flesch: 74 summary: This study explores MR-metric spaces, which generalize the classical metric space framework to encompass a wider array of applications. This paper investigates fixed-point theorems within MR-metric spaces, an extension of standard metric spaces, emphasizing the existence and uniqueness of fixed points for continu- ous mappings S : X → X, where X is a closed, bounded, and convex subset of a Banach space (E, ∥ · ∥). keywords: metric; point; space cache: ejpam-6077.pdf plain text: ejpam-6077.txt item: #1528 of 2048 id: ejpam-6078 author: Thakur, Sahil ; Mani, Naveen ; Shukla, Rahul title: On Common Fixed Point Theorems for Generalized Contractions Involving Rational Expressions and Auxiliary Functions date: 2025 words: 4868 flesch: 87 summary: [2] was the first to introduced the notion of fuzzy metric space. [3] with the aim of incorporating Hausdorff topology into fuzzy metric spaces. keywords: fuzzy; metric; t λ cache: ejpam-6078.pdf plain text: ejpam-6078.txt item: #1529 of 2048 id: ejpam-6079 author: Ando, Shuji title: Anti-Diagonals-Parameter Symmetry Model for Square Contingency Tables with Ordinal Classifications date: 2025 words: 5609 flesch: 71 summary: Four kinds of symmetry models and their decompositions in a square contingency table with ordered categories. Analysis of the grip strength data using anti-diagonal symmetry models. keywords: adps; diagonal; model; table cache: ejpam-6079.pdf plain text: ejpam-6079.txt item: #1530 of 2048 id: ejpam-6080 author: Eliwa, Mohamed; Alqueer, Lama ; Alseilo, Hussah title: Sustainable Data Analysis: Developing a Novel Probability Mass Function with Mathematical and Inferential Foundations date: 2025 words: 10988 flesch: 61 summary: This flexibility allows the model to accommodate a wide range of data distributions. Additionally, this distribution is appro- priate for modeling positively skewed data, providing flexibility in representing different shapes of data distributions. keywords: data; dgzexgc; discrete; distribution; eliwa; model cache: ejpam-6080.pdf plain text: ejpam-6080.txt item: #1531 of 2048 id: ejpam-6081 author: Abdul Wahid, Nur Hazwani Aqilah; Cik Soh, Shaharuddin title: Vandermonde Determinant for the Generalized Bounded Turning Functions Associated with Gregory Coefficients date: 2025 words: 5684 flesch: 78 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45, 30C50 Key Words and Phrases: Univalent functions, inverse functions, bounded turning functions, Gregory coefficients, Taylor coefficients, logarithmic coefficients, Vandermonde determinant 1. Introduction Let A denote the class of analytic functions f (z) that can be expressed as a Taylor series expansion in the open unit disk E = {z ∈ C : |z| < 1}, given by f (z) = z + ∞∑ n=2 anz n , z ∈ E. (1) We denote by S the subclass of A consisting of univalent functions in E. The inverse of a function f (z) ∈ S of the form (1) has a series expansion given by f−1 (w) = w + ∞∑ n=2 Anw n, |w| < r0 (f) , r0 (f) ≥ 1 4 , (2) ∗Corresponding author. keywords: coefficients; functions; ταδ cache: ejpam-6081.pdf plain text: ejpam-6081.txt item: #1532 of 2048 id: ejpam-6082 author: Guedri, Kamel ; Zarin, Rahat; M. Makhdoum, Basim ; A. Niyazi, Hatoon title: Advanced Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Modeling for Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Poliovirus Transmission with Disability Outcomes and Vaccination Impacts date: 2025 words: 12300 flesch: 61 summary: These characteristics make FOMs a powerful framework for incorporating memory and hereditary properties into infectious disease models, surpass- ing the capabilities of integer-order models, which lack non-local interactions and memory effects. Global stability of infectious disease models using Lyapunov functions. keywords: appl; d α; disease; dynamics; eur; fractional; guedri; math; model; population; pure; α t cache: ejpam-6082.pdf plain text: ejpam-6082.txt item: #1533 of 2048 id: ejpam-6084 author: Madni, MD Arshad; Mozumder, Muzibur Rahman; Ansari, Abu Zaid ; Shujat, Faiza title: Characterization of Multiplicative Mixed Jordan-Type Derivations on Ring with Involution date: 2025 words: 5953 flesch: 97 summary: , u, (α1 − α2), B21) = 0 and use Lemma 1 to have Ψ(Qn(u, u, . . . , u, α1 − α2, B12 +B21)) keywords: + b12; + b21; + qn(u; b11 + cache: ejpam-6084.pdf plain text: ejpam-6084.txt item: #1534 of 2048 id: ejpam-6086 author: Massit, Hafida ; Rossafi, Mohamed ; Mitrovic, Zoran D.; Aloqaily, Ahmad ; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Some Fixed Point Theorems for \(\Theta-\phi\)-Multivalued Contraction Mappings in Rectangular \(b\)-Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 5238 flesch: 85 summary: If {xn} is not a Cauchy sequence then there exist ε > 0 and two sequences {mk} and {nk} of positive integers such that ε ≤ lim k→+∞ inf d(xmk , xnk ) ≤ lim k→+∞ sup d(xmk , xnk ) ≤ bε, ε ≤ lim k→+∞ inf d(xmk , xmk+1 ) ≤ lim k→+∞ sup d(xnk , xmk+1 ) ≤ bε, ε ≤ lim k→+∞ inf d(xmk , xnk+1 ) ≤ lim k→+∞ sup d(xmk , xnk+1 ) ≤ bε, ε b ≤ lim k→+∞ inf d(xmk+1 , xnk+1 ) ≤ lim k→+∞ sup d(xmk+1 , xnk+1 ) ≤ b2ε. Letting n→ +∞ we obtain lim n→+∞ supM(xn, z) = lim n→+∞ supmax{d(xn, z), d(xn, Txn), d(z, Tz), d(z, Txn)} ≤ lim n→+∞ supmax{d(xn, z), d(xn, xn+1), d(z, Tz), d(z, xn+1)} ≤ d(z, Tz) and lim n→+∞ supW (xn, z) = lim n→+∞ supmin{d(xn, Txn), d(z, Tz), d(Txn, z), d(xn, T z)} ≤ lim n→+∞ supmin{d(xn, xn+1), d(z, Tz), d(xn+1, z), d(xn, T z)} = 0. keywords: lim cache: ejpam-6086.pdf plain text: ejpam-6086.txt item: #1535 of 2048 id: ejpam-6087 author: Al-Tarawneh, Mutaz; Al-Khresheh, Ashraf; Al-irr, Omar; Kulaglic, Ajla; Danach, Kassem ; Kanj, Hassan; AlMahadin, Ghayth title: Towards Accurate Fake News Detection: Evaluating Machine Learning Approaches and Feature Selection Strategies date: 2025 words: 16109 flesch: 51 summary: This detailed examination of feature selection techniques provides valuable insight into how different methods influence the effectiveness of fake news detection models. This holistic approach improves the accuracy and robustness of fake news detection models, which separates this study from others that focus primarily on advanced model architectures or specific feature sets. keywords: accuracy; auc; components; detection; feature selection; features; knn; learning; methods; mlp; models; news; number; performance; precision; recall; roc; score; selection; svm cache: ejpam-6087.pdf plain text: ejpam-6087.txt item: #1536 of 2048 id: ejpam-6089 author: Naheed, Saima ; Rafi, Adeeba ; Rehman, Gauhar ; Ayoob, Irshad ; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Generalized Fractional Integral Extensions of Hermite-Hadamard Inequalities via Extended Mittag-Leffler Kernel date: 2025 words: 10160 flesch: 84 summary: In this article, we look into fractional integral inequalities to Atangana-Baleanu and Prabhakar fractional calculus op- erators. Fractional integral inequalities for differential convex mappings and applications to special means and a midpoint formula. keywords: c ℑ1; ð=0; υ(ℑ1; υ(ℑ2; ℑ2 c; ℑ2 −ℑ1; ℵð+℘; ∫ ℑ2; ♭ ℑ1 cache: ejpam-6089.pdf plain text: ejpam-6089.txt item: #1537 of 2048 id: ejpam-609 author: Bhat, Vijay Kumar title: Ore Extensions over Weak (Sigma)-rigid Rings and (sigma(*))-rings date: 2010 words: 4372 flesch: 88 summary: 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16S36, 16P40, 16P50, 16U20,16W25 Key Words and Phrases: Automorphism, σ(∗)-ring, weak σ-rigid ring, 2-primal ring 1. We also discuss skew polynomial rings over weak σ-rigid rings. keywords: ring cache: ejpam-609.pdf plain text: ejpam-609.txt item: #1538 of 2048 id: ejpam-6090 author: Chintamaneni , Harisha; Bhogapurapu, Venkata Appa Rao; Ayyalappagari, Sreenivasulu title: Exponential Stability of Volterra Integro-Dynamic Sylvester Matrix System on Time Scales date: 2025 words: 4719 flesch: 65 summary: Stability and controllability of VID Sylvester matrix systems have also been extensively studied. In this paper, we deals with exponential stability of VID Sylvester matrix system of the following form{ Y ∆(ι) = A(ι)Y (ι) + Y (ι)B(ι) + ∫ ι 0 keywords: matrix; scales; stability; system; time cache: ejpam-6090.pdf plain text: ejpam-6090.txt item: #1539 of 2048 id: ejpam-6091 author: Nawafleh, Khaled title: Hamilton-Jacobi Framework for Nonholonomic Dynamics date: 2025 words: 4406 flesch: 74 summary: Now substituting equation (100) in constraint equation (85) we get: ẏ = sinφ, (103) Inserting equation (97) into equation (103) and integrating the result equation∫ ẏdt = ∫ sin(α1t+ β1)dt , (104) we find y(t) According to equations (25) and (26), equation (27) can be expressed as: θ̈ = −ẍ cosφ− ÿ sinφ. keywords: equations; hamilton; nonholonomic; sinφ cache: ejpam-6091.pdf plain text: ejpam-6091.txt item: #1540 of 2048 id: ejpam-6094 author: Fahmi, Aliya; Khan, Aziz; Gull, Kinza; Mukheimer, Aiman; Abdeliawad, Aliya Thabet; Hashmi, Arshia ; Thinakaran, Rajermani title: Domination in Rough \(m\)-Polar Fuzzy Digraphs Based on Trade Networking date: 2025 words: 13053 flesch: 73 summary: By fusing the advantages of directed graphs, m-polar fuzzy sets, and rough sets, rough m-polar fuzzy digraphs become a more sophisticated model that makes it possible to depict uncertain and multifaceted systems more flexibly and realistically. By examining domination in rough m-polar fuzzy digraphs—a hybrid model that combines directed graphs, m-polar fuzzy logic, and rough set theory—this work presents a fresh expansion of this idea. keywords: digraphs; domination; fuzzy; min; pi(rv1; pig; polar; set; sets cache: ejpam-6094.pdf plain text: ejpam-6094.txt item: #1541 of 2048 id: ejpam-6095 author: Padder, Riyaz Ahmad; Alqurashi, Taghreed; Rather, Yasir; Malge, Shilpa title: Interval Valued Spherical Fuzzy Matrix in Decision Making date: 2025 words: 9094 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03E72, 15B15, 90B50 Key Words and Phrases: Interval valued spherical fuzzy sets, Interval valued spherical fuzzy matrix, Least eigenvalue, Greatest eigenvalue Abbreviations IVSFS Interval valued spherical fuzzy set IVSFSs Interval valued spherical fuzzy sets IVSFM Interval valued spherical fuzzy matrix IVSFMs Interval valued spherical fuzzy matrices ∗Corresponding author. We obtain interval valued spherical fuzzy sets from these matrices on a given uni- verse. keywords: aijυu; fuzzy; interval; sets; xij; zij cache: ejpam-6095.pdf plain text: ejpam-6095.txt item: #1542 of 2048 id: ejpam-6096 author: Khan, Arbaz Jehan ; Chinram, Ronnason; Petapirak, Montakarn title: A Note on $k$-Ideals in Ternary Semirings date: 2025 words: 4494 flesch: 87 summary: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2025, Vol. 18, Issue 2, Article Number 6096 ISSN 1307-5543 – ejpam.com Published by New York Business Global A Note on k-Ideals in Ternary Semirings Arbaz Jehan Khan1, Montakarn Petapirak1, Ronnason Chinram1,∗ 1Division of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand Abstract. In this paper, we give some examples of k-ideals of ternary semirings. keywords: ideal; ternary cache: ejpam-6096.pdf plain text: ejpam-6096.txt item: #1543 of 2048 id: ejpam-6097 author: Mohammed, Mogtaba ; Alebraheem, Jawdat; Tayel , Ismail ; Muhamad Hifzhudin title: Dynamics of Competitive Stochastic Predator-Prey Model with Holling Type II under Small Random Immigration date: 2025 words: 5957 flesch: 66 summary: Stability analysis of prey predator model with holling ii functional343 response and threshold harvesting for the predator. Dynamics of a predator–prey model with the effect of oscillation321 of immigration of the prey. keywords: immigration; model; population; predator; prey; stochastic cache: ejpam-6097.pdf plain text: ejpam-6097.txt item: #1544 of 2048 id: ejpam-6098 author: Jakhar, Jagjeet ; Baleanu, Dumitru; Sharma, Shalu ; Yousif, Majeed A. ; Jakhar, Jyotsana ; Chorfi, Nejmeddine; Mohammed, Pshtiwan Othman title: Comparative Results on Stability Analysis for Three Dimensional Functional Equations date: 2025 words: 7221 flesch: 79 summary: Collectively, these contributions offer a broader and deeper understanding of functional equation stability, bridging deterministic and stochastic approaches in a unified framework. Hence, in complete space V , the sequence < 2−3mf(2mu) > is a Cauchy sequence. keywords: cubic; math; spaces; stability; δn−1||β cache: ejpam-6098.pdf plain text: ejpam-6098.txt item: #1545 of 2048 id: ejpam-6099 author: Al-Momani, Monther; Jaradat, Ali; Abughazaleh, Baha'; Farah, Abdulkarim title: Solving Partial Differential Equations via the Conformable Double ARA-Sawi Transform date: 2025 words: 3812 flesch: 74 summary: The CA-SW systematically reduces complex conformable fractional equations into solvable algebraic forms while preserving key properties like linearity and scaling. To solve conformable fractional partial differential equations, researchers have explored several techniques. keywords: s(ξ cache: ejpam-6099.pdf plain text: ejpam-6099.txt item: #1546 of 2048 id: ejpam-6102 author: Almushahhin, Rakan; Ben Ayed, Mohamed title: Boundary Blowing Up Solutions for an Elliptic Neumann Problem with Nearly Critical Exponent date: 2025 words: 12964 flesch: 87 summary: , n+ 2 } , (See Proposition 1 of [32] and equation (19) by taking Ω = B (0, 1), K = γ̄ and N = 1). , N}, λk = O ( |z′|+ (if n ⩾ 5) ε+ (if n = 4) ε |ln ε| ) D2f1 (bk) ((z ′, 0) , ·) = O ( ε+ |z′|2 ) , k ∈ {1, . . . , N}. (52) Since D2f1 (bk) is assumed to be non-degenerate, the last equation in (52) implies that |z′| ⩽ c ( ε+ |z′|2 ) , and therefore, the system (52) can be rewritten as ρk = O ( ρ2k + |z′|2 + ε |ln ε| ) , k ∈ {1, . . . keywords: ai,µi; math; n−2; proof; solutions; ω ω cache: ejpam-6102.pdf plain text: ejpam-6102.txt item: #1547 of 2048 id: ejpam-6104 author: Guedri, Kamel; Ramzan, Yasir; Bilal, Muhammad Mudassar; Niyazi, Hatoon Abdullah; Awan, Aziz Ullah; Makhdoum, Basim M. title: Gender-Specific Modeling for Lassa Virus Transmission with Hearing Loss Disability Risk and Control Strategies date: 2025 words: 6985 flesch: 60 summary: β2Ms H + (τ2 − τ5)θ1h3 − (τ3 − τ4)h2 β2Ms H dτ3 dt = τ3µ+ (τ3 − τ4) α2Ri M + (τ3 − τ4) β2Fi H − (τ3 − τ4)h2 β2Fi H dτ4 dt = −Z2 + τ4µ+ τ4δ2 + (τ4 − τ5)ρ2 + (τ1 − τ2) β1Fs H + (τ4 − τ5)θ1h3 dτ5 Based on these findings, cost-effective intervention techniques are developed, including targeted health campaigns, mobile technologies for early detection, structural pest-proofing, and rodent population control by trapping and rodenticides. keywords: control; fever; humans; infection; lassa; male; model; population; rate; rodents; sensitivity; virus cache: ejpam-6104.pdf plain text: ejpam-6104.txt item: #1548 of 2048 id: ejpam-6106 author: Nazam, Muhammad; Habiba, Umme; De la Sen, Manuel title: Fixed Points of Mappings Contracting Perimeters of Polygons: A Geometric Generalization of Banach’s Principle date: 2025 words: 3875 flesch: 71 summary: (3) where x, l ∈ Z. Corollary 1. (Banach fixed point theorem) Let (Z, s) be a complete metric space, and let L : Z → Z be a contraction mapping, then it admits a fixed point. Fixed point theorem for mappings contracting perimeters of trian- gles. keywords: point cache: ejpam-6106.pdf plain text: ejpam-6106.txt item: #1549 of 2048 id: ejpam-6107 author: Alnajar, Omar; K. Alshammari, K. Alshammari; Darus, M. Darus; Amourah, Ala title: A Specific Category of Meromorphic Functions with Positive Coefficients date: 2025 words: 3918 flesch: 83 summary: Coefficient estimation utilizing the faber polynomial for a subfamily of bi-univalent functions. Applications of q-ultraspherical polynomials to bi-univalent functions defined by q-saigo’s fractional integral operators. keywords: f(z; n=1; µ+ξ)(1+n cache: ejpam-6107.pdf plain text: ejpam-6107.txt item: #1550 of 2048 id: ejpam-6108 author: Alnajar, Omar; Alshammari, K. Alshammari; Amourah, Ala; Darus, Maslina title: Hankel Determinant of Analytical Functions Closely Tied to Bell Polynomials date: 2025 words: 3617 flesch: 73 summary: Investigating new inclusive subclasses of bi-univalent functions linked to gregory numbers. Subfamilies of bi-univalent functions associated with the imaginary error function and subordinate to jacobi polynomials. keywords: functions; −ξ2)+1 cache: ejpam-6108.pdf plain text: ejpam-6108.txt item: #1551 of 2048 id: ejpam-6109 author: Almenderj, Hussah; Shahril Ismail, Eddie title: Classification and Taxonomy of Undeniable Signatures: From Early Designs to Post-Quantum Approaches date: 2025 words: 10015 flesch: 50 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 94A60, 68P25, 68Q12 Key Words and Phrases: Undeniable signatures, Post-quantum cryptography, Zero-knowledge proofs, Signature scheme, The signer, The verifier, public key, message 1. In this article, focused on classification and taxonomy of undeniable signature schemes through evolution from early concepts to solutions that are resistant to quantum alterations. keywords: key; knowledge; pages; post; protocol; quantum; rsa; schemes; security; signature; signature schemes; signer; undeniable; verification; verifier cache: ejpam-6109.pdf plain text: ejpam-6109.txt item: #1552 of 2048 id: ejpam-6110 author: Kaviyarasu, M. ; a-Ioana Cotˆırla, Luminit,a-Ioana Cotˆırla; Breaz, Daniel; M.Rajeshwari title: An Exponential Intuitionistic Fuzzy Framework for Sustainable Supplier Selection in Industrial Management date: 2025 words: 6933 flesch: 70 summary: If X is a universe discourse and ς̃∗ be any particular element of X. The intuitionistic FS A∗ defined on X is a collection of ordered pairs, A∗ = {(ς̃∗, µA∗(ς̃∗), λA∗(ς̃∗)) If X is a universe discourse and ς̃∗ be any particular element of X. The EIFS EA∗ defined on X is a collection of ordered pairs, EA∗ = {( ς̃∗, µA∗(ς̃∗)e −aµA∗ (ς̃∗), λA∗(ς̃∗)e −aλA∗ (ς̃∗) ) keywords: decision; ea∗; eb∗; µa∗(ς̃∗)e; ς̃∗; ς̃∗1; ς̃∗2; ς̃∗3; −aµa∗; −aµb∗; −aλa∗ cache: ejpam-6110.pdf plain text: ejpam-6110.txt item: #1553 of 2048 id: ejpam-6111 author: Siddiqua Mazhar ; Rehman, Mutti-Ur title: Haar Wavelets and \(D\)-Stability of Lumped-Parameter Dynamical Systems date: 2025 words: 8327 flesch: 75 summary: Furthermore, our results are primiraly based on the analysis of interconnection between µ-theory and theory of matrix stability. Recent directions in matrix stability. keywords: matrices; matrix; p t; singular; stability; −a⊗ cache: ejpam-6111.pdf plain text: ejpam-6111.txt item: #1554 of 2048 id: ejpam-6113 author: Babu, Dasari Ratna ; Koduru, Naga Koteswara Rao title: Interpolative Contractions for $b$-metric Spaces and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 4893 flesch: 83 summary: Czerwik [5] developed the idea of b-metric space, often known as metric type space, as a generalization of metric space.. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Common fixed points, b-metric space, integral equation, functional equation 1. keywords: metric cache: ejpam-6113.pdf plain text: ejpam-6113.txt item: #1555 of 2048 id: ejpam-6117 author: Merontos, Reignver; Aniversario, Imelda; Frondoza, Michael; Canoy, Sergio title: Weakly Connected Independence Number of a Graph date: 2025 words: 4464 flesch: 85 summary: Conclusion The concept of weakly connected independent set as well as the parameter weakly connected independence number were introduced and initially investigated in this study. Since C ∩NG(C) = ∅ and C and Sv and are independent sets, S is an independent set in G◦ keywords: set; αw(g cache: ejpam-6117.pdf plain text: ejpam-6117.txt item: #1556 of 2048 id: ejpam-6118 author: Bobodzhanov , Abdukhafiz; Kalimbetov, Burkhan; Turekhanov, Kassymkhan title: Asymptotics Solutions of a Singularly Perturbed Integro-Differential Fractional Order Derivative Equation with Rapidly Oscillating In-homogeneity date: 2025 words: 4966 flesch: 66 summary: e 1 ε s∫ t0 θ(α−1)λ1(θ)dθ ∣∣∣∣∣∣ s=t s=t0 − − t∫ t0 ∂ ∂s ( K(t, s)z1(s) s(α−1)λ1(s) ) e 1 ε s∫ t0 λ2(θ)dθ ∣∣∣∣∣∣ s=t s=t0 − t∫ t0 ∂ ∂s ( K(t, s)z2(s) λ2(s) ) e 1 ε s∫ t0 λ2(θ)dθ ds − = ε K(t, t)z2(t) λ2(t) e 1 ε t∫ t0 λ2(θ)dθ − K(t, t0)z2(t0) λ2(t0) − −ε t∫ t0 ∂ ∂s ( K(t, s)z2(s) λ2(s) ) keywords: differential; equation; k(t; problem cache: ejpam-6118.pdf plain text: ejpam-6118.txt item: #1557 of 2048 id: ejpam-6119 author: Yashar, Mehreliyev; Mammedov, Anar title: Inverse Boundary Value Problem for Fourth-Order Pseudo-Hyperbolic Equation with Nonlocal Integral Conditions of the Second Kind date: 2025 words: 3046 flesch: 84 summary: Problem Statement on Determining the Unknown Coefficient and the Constant Term In the rectangle ΠT = {(x, t) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ t ≤ T} we will consider the following problem: ωtt(x, t)− ωttxx(x, t) + ωxxxx(x, t) Let us designate V 4,2(ΠT ) = {ω(x, t) : ω(x, t) ∈ C2(ΠT ), ωxxxx(x, t), ωttxx(x, t ∈ C(ΠT )}. keywords: problem; ω(x cache: ejpam-6119.pdf plain text: ejpam-6119.txt item: #1558 of 2048 id: ejpam-6121 author: Aloufi, Sara F. ; Alsaggaf, Ibtesam title: A Novel Generalization of the Inverted Nadarajah–Haghighi Distribution with Estimation Methods and Medical Applications date: 2025 words: 8528 flesch: 71 summary: Least-squares estima- tion of distribution functions in johnson’s translation system. For the NLTE-X family, the CDF and PDF are expressed as follows: F (x; ϑ, ζ) = 1 − {1 − G(x; Ω) eϑG(x;Ω) } ; ϑ > 0, x > 0, (1) f(x; ϑ, ζ) = g(x){1 + ϑG(x; Ω)} eϑG(x;Ω) ; ϑ > 0, x > 0, (2) where ϑ represents the vector of distribution parameters, and the parameter ϑ is unique to the NLTE-X family. keywords: alsaggaf; data; distribution; e-01; estimation; i=1; math; neinh cache: ejpam-6121.pdf plain text: ejpam-6121.txt item: #1559 of 2048 id: ejpam-6123 author: Maglanque, Hearty Nuenay title: Connected Degree Equitable Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 6521 flesch: 77 summary: The notion of connected equitable domination has been introduced where dominating sets are not only degree-balanced but also induce connected subgraphs. A subset S ⊆ V (G) is called minimal connected equitable dominating set in G if no proper subset of S is a connected equitable dominating set in G. The concept of connected equitable domination has many real life applications where both connectivity (connectedness) and fairness (equitability) in workload distribution or influence distribution are essential. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-6123.pdf plain text: ejpam-6123.txt item: #1560 of 2048 id: ejpam-6124 author: Aguinod, Ritchie; Armada, Cris; Kiunisala, Edward title: Total Exact Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 10454 flesch: 88 summary: Graphs that do not have total exact dominating sets were identified as non-γte-graphs, examples of which include complete graphs, fan graphs, and wheel graphs with more than two vertices. The lexicographic product or composition of two graphs G and H is the graph G[H] with vertex set V (G[H]) keywords: graph; set; vertices; γte cache: ejpam-6124.pdf plain text: ejpam-6124.txt item: #1561 of 2048 id: ejpam-6125 author: Hassan, Javier; Aripin , Farhadz; Bonsocan, Maria Andrea ; Pon, Kimberly Jane title: Legal Closed Hop Neighborhood Independent Sequences in Graphs date: 2025 words: 3627 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C69 Key Words and Phrases: Independent set, legal closed hop neighborhood independent sequence, legal closed hop neighborhood independence number, co-legal closed neighborhood independent sequence 1. Conclusion The concept of legal closed hop neighborhood independent sequence has been intro- duced and initially investigated in this study. keywords: hop; lchni; neighborhood; sequence; set cache: ejpam-6125.pdf plain text: ejpam-6125.txt item: #1562 of 2048 id: ejpam-6129 author: Mohammed, Sahar; Ahmed, Hasim; Bashier, Eihab; Patidar, Kailash title: Optimal Control Strategies Applied to a Mathematical Model of Meningitis date: 2025 words: 6335 flesch: 66 summary: Optimal control strategies have been applied for various mathematical models of epi- demic diseases, for example one can refer to [14–22]. In this paper, we deal with the problem of optimal control for the transmission dynam- ics of the meningococcal meningitis. keywords: control; d u; days; meningitis; model; time; treatment; vaccination cache: ejpam-6129.pdf plain text: ejpam-6129.txt item: #1563 of 2048 id: ejpam-6131 author: Batul, Samina; Fida, Sidra; Sagheer, Dur-e-Shehwar; Aydi, Hassen; Mansour, Saber title: Uniqueness of Stationary Distribution in Markov Processes: A Quintuple Fixed Point and Coincidence Point Approach date: 2025 words: 9325 flesch: 87 summary: − Γ̃)−1]n[I − (Γ̃ + Υ̃)(I − Γ̃)−1]−1µo. (κi2 − qi2)|+ |(ξi3 − κi3) +(κi3 − qi3)|+ |(ξi4 − κi4) + (κi4 − qi4)|+ |(ξi5 − κi5) + (κi5 − qi5)| )) ≤ ( n∑ i−1 ( |ξi1 − κi1|+ |κi1 − qi1|+ |ξi2 − κi2|+ |κi2 − qi2|+ |ξi3 − κi3| +|κi3 − qi3|+ |ξi4 − κi4|+ |κi4 − qi4|+ keywords: lim; p(ξ cache: ejpam-6131.pdf plain text: ejpam-6131.txt item: #1564 of 2048 id: ejpam-6133 author: Aydi, Hassen; Hammouda, Hamdi; Mansour, Saber title: A Fixed Point Result in a Double Control Metric Space Setting and a Fredholm Integral Equation date: 2025 words: 6065 flesch: 89 summary: At this moment, for t, r ∈ [0, 1], x, y ∈ ℧ = C([0, 1]) with x(r) ≤ y(r) for all r ∈ [0, 1], we estimate the difference |K (t, r, x(r), x(g(r)), x(τ1), x(τ2))−K (t, r, y(r), y(g(r)), y(τ1), y(τ2))| ≤ 1 256 ∣∣∣ |x(r)|(1+|x(r)|) 2+|x(r)| − |y(r)|(1+|y(r)|) 2+|y(r)| ∣∣∣+ 1 256 ∣∣∣∣ |x( r2 )|(1+|x( r2 )|)2+|x( r2 )| − |y( r2 )|(1+|y( r2 )|) 2+|y( r2 )| ∣∣∣∣ + 1 256 ∣∣∣ tr|x(0)|(1+|x(0)|) 2+|x(0)| − tr|y(0)|(1+|y(0)|) 2+|y(0)| ∣∣∣+ 1 256 ∣∣∣ tr|x(1)|(1+|x(1)|) Assume there are two distinct FPs, say x ̸= y ∈ ℧. keywords: s̃ℓ cache: ejpam-6133.pdf plain text: ejpam-6133.txt item: #1565 of 2048 id: ejpam-6135 author: S, Thirukumaran ; G K, Revathi title: A Study on $(\textit{c}, \textit{d})$ $\mathcal{IF}$-$Q$ Uniform $\mathtt{Ir}^{*}$ Centred Structure Compactification date: 2025 words: 7472 flesch: 82 summary: IF −Q uniform Ir∗ centred structure space PX and let G be a (c,d) IF −Q uniform Ir∗ centred structure space PX . keywords: ir∗; ir∗ structure; space; structure; uniform cache: ejpam-6135.pdf plain text: ejpam-6135.txt item: #1566 of 2048 id: ejpam-6136 author: Mohamadali, Jamilon; Abdulcarim, Normalah S. title: On the Degenerate Sadik Transform date: 2025 words: 5568 flesch: 83 summary: [( (1 + λ(R)) −uα λ +2 −uα + 2λ − (1 + λ(R)) −uα λ +1 −uα + λ ) − ( (1) −uα λ +2 −uα + 2λ − (1) −uα λ +1 −uα + λ )] = 1 uβλ − ( 1 −uα + 2λ − 1 −uα + λ ) for −uα λ + 2 < 0 = 1 uβλ ( 1 uα − 2λ − 1 uα − λ ) = u−β (uα − 2λ)(uα − λ) . The degenerate Sadik transform of the function f(t) = t is given by Sλ{t} = u−β (uα − 2λ)(uα − λ) , for −uα λ + 2 < 0. (11) Proof. keywords: degenerate; transform cache: ejpam-6136.pdf plain text: ejpam-6136.txt item: #1567 of 2048 id: ejpam-6139 author: Samraiz, Muhammad; Qasim, Muhammad ; Rahman, Gauhar ; Sarwar, Muhammad ; Fatima, Nahid ; Abodayeh, Kamaleldin title: Trapezoidal and Midpoint-type Inequalities Based on Extended Conformable Operators date: 2025 words: 11923 flesch: 77 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6139 6 of 34 Again, we apply the technique of integration by parts to the second term; therefore, we obtain the following expression I1 = η ω − ν h′ ( η − 1 η ν + 1 η ω )∫ 1 0 ( 1 (kµ) α k − ( 1− (1− φ)µ kµ )α k ) dφ + ( η ω − ν )2 h(ν) 1 (ku) α k − ( η ω − ν )2 1 k (α k )∫ 1 0 [ 1− (1− t)µ kµ ]α k −1 (1− t)µ−1 × h ( η − t η ν + t η ω ) α k ) dφ + ( η ω − ν )2 h(ν) 1 (ku) α k − ( η ω − ν )µα k +2 ( Γ ( α k + 1 ) k.k α k −1Γ(αk ) ) × ∫ (η−1)ν+ω η ν  ( ω−ν η )µ − ( (η−1)ν+ω η − x )µ µ  α k −1 keywords: + α; k −; t η; α k; η ν; η ω; η −; η−1)ν+ω η; ω −; − t; − ν cache: ejpam-6139.pdf plain text: ejpam-6139.txt item: #1568 of 2048 id: ejpam-6140 author: Khalil, Manar; Hashim, Ishak ; Rasheed, Maan; Momani, Shaher title: Finite Difference Scheme for One-dimensional Coupled Parabolic System with Blow-up date: 2025 words: 5712 flesch: 83 summary: I − 1) where enui = uni − Un i , envi = vni − V n i , uni = u (xi, tn) , vni = v (xi, tn) is the exact solution of problem (1) Suppose that e0ui = 0, e0vi = 0 ∀i = 0, 1, . . Since (1− rn) ≥ 0, it follows that∥∥En+1 u ∥∥ ≤ (1− rn) ∥En u∥+ rn ∥En u∥+ L1kn ∣∣vnj − V n j ∣∣+ ∣∣∣Tn+1/2 ui ∣∣∣∥∥En+1 u ∥∥ ≤ ∥En u∥+ Lk ∥En v ∥+ ∣∣∣Tn+1/2 ui ∣∣∣ ≤ Cn ( k + h2 ) + kLCn ( k + h2 ) + C ( k + h2 ) ≤ (1 + kL)Cn ( k + h2 ) + C ( k + h2 ) keywords: blow; numerical cache: ejpam-6140.pdf plain text: ejpam-6140.txt item: #1569 of 2048 id: ejpam-6141 author: Dehghanizadeh, Mohammad Ali; Mirvakili, Saeed title: Hypergroups Obtained from a Latin Square date: 2025 words: 4630 flesch: 78 summary: If (H, ⋆) ∼= (Zn,+) then for every x, y ∈ Zn, x ◦Ck y Therefore x ◦Ck (y ◦Ck z) ∩ (x ◦Ck y) ◦Ck z ̸= ∅. Theorem 7. Let (H, ⋆) be a quasigroup. keywords: b b; b c; b e; c c; c e cache: ejpam-6141.pdf plain text: ejpam-6141.txt item: #1570 of 2048 id: ejpam-6142 author: M. Fatah, Saiwan ; H. A. Khoshnaw, Sarbaz; N. Mustafa, Arkan title: Understanding Transmission Dynamics of HIV/AIDS with Sensitivity Analysis and Optimal Control Strategies date: 2025 words: 12283 flesch: 66 summary: = γmIm − ΩmDm dTf dt = ρfDf −ΨfTf dTm dt = ρmDm −ΨmTm dUf dt = θfIf − ΦfUf dUm dt = θmIm − ΦmUm dAf dt = λfUf + ωfTf − ζAf dAm dt = λmUm + ωmTm − ζAm (3) Im dDf dt = γfIf − (µ+ η + ρf )Df dDm dt = γmIm − (µ+ η + ρm)Dm dTf dt = ρfDf − (µ+ η + ωf ) keywords: aids; control; hiv; khoshnaw; math; model; transmission; treatment; η + cache: ejpam-6142.pdf plain text: ejpam-6142.txt item: #1571 of 2048 id: ejpam-6144 author: Eliwa, Mohamed; Alghanem, Weed; Alenizi, Manahel title: A Novel Discrete Probability Distribution with Theoretical and Inferential Insights: Cutting-Edge Approaches to Sustainable Dispersion Data Modeling date: 2025 words: 10053 flesch: 61 summary: Model ↓ Parameter → γ τ θ MLE Std-er MLE Std-er MLE Std-er DGzHLo 0.959 0.019 0.037 0.026 0.550 0.004 DGzEx 0.587 0.023 0.588 0.041 0.039 0.002 DEx 0.965 0.009 − − − − DGEx-II 0.956 0.013 1.491 0.535 − − DR 0.999 2.58× 10−4 − − − − DIR 1.8× 10−7 0.055 − − − − DIW 2.2× 10−4 7.75× 10−4 0.875 0.164 − − DLo 0.012 0.039 104.506 84.409 − − DB-XII 0.975 0.051 13.367 27.785 − − DPa 0.720 0.061 This characteristic makes the PMF particularly beneficial for sustainable dispersion data, where it can accommodate different forms of data distributions, ensuring accurate modeling of real-world phenomena across multiple domains. keywords: data; dgzhlo; discrete; distribution; eliwa; model cache: ejpam-6144.pdf plain text: ejpam-6144.txt item: #1572 of 2048 id: ejpam-6145 author: Murad, Kamal; Shareef, Salah title: Modifying Spectral Conjugate Gradient Method for Solving Unconstrained Optimization Problems date: 2025 words: 5586 flesch: 63 summary: Two new classes of conjugate gradient method based on logistic mapping. Global convergence of a modified fletcher–reeves conjugate gradient method with armijo-type line search. keywords: algorithm; gradient; method; new; optimization; scg cache: ejpam-6145.pdf plain text: ejpam-6145.txt item: #1573 of 2048 id: ejpam-6146 author: Khan, Sameen Ahmed; Kankarej, Manisha; Khan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam title: Deducing Trigonometric Functions from Differential Equations: An Educational Perspective date: 2025 words: 5962 flesch: 71 summary: In this Section, we deduced the basic properties of the trigonometric functions, sinx and cosx starting with the second-order linear differential equation y′′ + y = 0, using the qualitative properties of differential equations (essentially the uniqueness of the solutions). If y = s(x), then y′ = c(x) and c2(x) + s2(x) = C. Using the initial conditions, s(0) = 0 and c(0) = 1, we have C = 1. keywords: differential; equation; functions; khan; s(x; solutions; theorem cache: ejpam-6146.pdf plain text: ejpam-6146.txt item: #1574 of 2048 id: ejpam-6147 author: Sarwar, Muhammad; Rahmat, Gul; Hussain, Sadam; Bani Mufarrej, Mohammad Yousef ; Abodayeh, Kamaleldin title: Fixed Point Theorems for a Subfamily of Non-expansive Evolution Operators date: 2025 words: 6542 flesch: 84 summary: − ς∗∥2 − 2ηn(1− λn)⟨ς∗, ςn − ς∗⟩ ) [1− ηnµn + ηnµnλn + ηnµn − ηnµnλn]max{∥ςn − p∥, ∥p∥}. keywords: 0 e(s; e(s; γt 0; ∥∥∥∥ cache: ejpam-6147.pdf plain text: ejpam-6147.txt item: #1575 of 2048 id: ejpam-6148 author: Khan, Izhar; Mustafa, Abdelfattah title: Survival Weighted Pareto Distribution: Order Statistics and Its Applications date: 2025 words: 4459 flesch: 77 summary: The h(t) of SWPD distribution decreasing depending on the shape parameter. (M. I. Khan), amelsayed@mans.edu.eg (A. Mustafa) https://www.ejpam.com 1 keywords: distribution; khan; statistics cache: ejpam-6148.pdf plain text: ejpam-6148.txt item: #1576 of 2048 id: ejpam-6149 author: Puebla, Julito; Macalalag, Jay Michael; Pajaron, Kaye title: A Mathematical Model for COVID-19 and Tuberculosis Coinfection with the Effect of a Quarantine Measure date: 2025 words: 10572 flesch: 66 summary: Sensitivity Analysis of COVID-19 Sub-model In this subsection, sensitivity analysis of the parameters in the COVID-19 sub-model is performed. − αtβtITEC − (rc + δe + µ)EC dIC dt = rcEC − (δc + µ+ µ1)IC dQC dt = δeEC + δcIC + γctQCT − (γc + µ+ µ4)QC dECT dt = αtβtITEC + αcβc(EC + keywords: covid-19; disease; equilibrium; individuals; infection; model; r0c; rate; sub; tuberculosis cache: ejpam-6149.pdf plain text: ejpam-6149.txt item: #1577 of 2048 id: ejpam-6152 author: Saber, Sayed ; Dridi, Brahim ; Alahmari, Abdullah ; Messaoudi, Mohammed title: Hyers-Ulam Stability and Control of Fractional Glucose-Insulin Systems date: 2025 words: 9566 flesch: 65 summary: ST [ − d1 ǔi + d2 ǔiv̌i + d3 v̌ 2 i + d4 v̌ 3 i + d5 w̌i + d6 w̌ 2 i + d7 w̌ 3 i + d20 ] (s) ] − ǔj − ST−1 [1− α̌+ α̌s N(α̌) Chaos in fractional-order glu- cose–insulin models with variable derivatives: Insights from the laplace–adomian de- composition method and generalized euler techniques. keywords: caputo; diabetes; fractional; glucose; insulin; model; n(α̌; order; saber; stability; system cache: ejpam-6152.pdf plain text: ejpam-6152.txt item: #1578 of 2048 id: ejpam-6153 author: Chinram, Ronnason; Hangsawat, Saranya title: A Study on  Essential Fuzzy  Ideals of Semirings date: 2025 words: 3255 flesch: 80 summary: In this paper, we define essential fuzzy ideals of semirings and investigate some prop- erties of them. We give some properties of essential ideals and essential fuzzy ideals. keywords: fuzzy; ideal cache: ejpam-6153.pdf plain text: ejpam-6153.txt item: #1579 of 2048 id: ejpam-6154 author: Mohammed, Lawan; Kilicman, Adem; Bamanga, D. title: Efficient Viscosity Algorithms for Solving the Split Equality Fixed-Point Problem date: 2025 words: 5816 flesch: 83 summary: (iv) Directed if ∥T1y − z∥2 ≤ ∥y − z∥2 − ∥T1y − y∥2,∀y ∈ H1 and z ∈ Fix(T1). Similarly, lim sup n→∞ ∥zn − U2zn∥ = 0. (23) On the other hand, ∥A1yn −A2zn∥2 = ⟨A1yn −A2zn,A1yn −A2zn⟩ = ⟨A1yn −A2zn,A1yn −A1y⟩+ ⟨A2zn −A1yn,A2zn −A2z⟩ , = ⟨A∗ 1(A1yn −A2zn), yn − y⟩+ ⟨A∗ 2(A2zn −A1yn), zn − z⟩ ≤∥A∗ 1(A1yn −A2zn) + (yn − U1yn)− (yn − U1yn)∥∥yn − y∥∥ + ∥A∗ 2(A2zn −A1yn) + (zn − U2zn)− (zn − U2zn)∥∥zn − z∥ ≤∥A∗ 1(A1yn −A2zn)− (yn − U1yn)∥∥yn − y∥ + ∥yn − U1yn∥∥yn − y∥ + ∥A∗ 2(A2zn −A1yn)− (zn − U2zn)∥∥zn − z∥ + ∥zn keywords: 1(a1yn; algorithm; y∥2; z∥2 cache: ejpam-6154.pdf plain text: ejpam-6154.txt item: #1580 of 2048 id: ejpam-6155 author: Shi, D.L.; Abu_Shugair, M.N.; Abbas, S.E.; Ibedou, Ismail title: Multifunctions between Temporal Picture Fuzzy Ideal Structures date: 2025 words: 12612 flesch: 88 summary: Fuzzy sets described the positivism of an element ϱ of a universal set ℵ to a subset G ⊆ ℵ by the membership value ωG(ϱ), and posited that the negativism of that element ϱ ∈ ℵ to the set G is 1− ωG(ϱ). The values ωG(ϱ) and ϖG(ϱ) represent the positivism and negativism of each ϱ ∈ ℵ to G, respectively, with the condition that 0 ≤ ωG(ϱ) + ϖG(ϱ) ≤ 1. keywords: tpf cache: ejpam-6155.pdf plain text: ejpam-6155.txt item: #1581 of 2048 id: ejpam-6157 author: Metwali, Mohamed; Alsallami, Shami A. M. title: On Qualitative Properties of \(L_\Theta\)-Solutions for Coupled Systems of Hadamard-Type Fractional Integral Equations in Banach Spaces date: 2025 words: 5363 flesch: 79 summary: = ( T1y(t), T2x(t) ) , t ∈ J, where T1y = h1 + Ff1 ( Λ1(y), U1(y) ) , T2x = h2 + Ff2 ( Λ2(x), U2(x) ) , M. Metwali, S. Alsallami / Eur. J × R × R → R be continuous in x and y for almost all t and measurable in t ∈ J . keywords: equations; integral; spaces; γ(β; χd∥θ cache: ejpam-6157.pdf plain text: ejpam-6157.txt item: #1582 of 2048 id: ejpam-6159 author: Nasir, Jamshed; Aydi, Hassen; Mansour, Saber title: A Novel Fractional Integral of a Function via Polynomial $n$-Fractional $s$-Like Preinvexity date: 2025 words: 10481 flesch: 86 summary: If we take ϱ = 1 and n = 1 and ς∗(b1, a1) = b1 − a1, in Corollary 4, then one can get the inequalities (5). b1 − a1 but there exist invex sets which are noticonvex (see [11]). keywords: i=1; ς ϱ; ϱ k cache: ejpam-6159.pdf plain text: ejpam-6159.txt item: #1583 of 2048 id: ejpam-6162 author: Mohamad, Jerson; Delica, Angelyn; Esperat, Maydalyn; Labastilla, Aubrey; Ledesma, Shiela May; Misil, Doeyien title: A Simulation Study of Some Logistic, Poisson, and Multiple Ridge Regression Estimators date: 2025 words: 3496 flesch: 63 summary: This study proposes new ridge regression estimators using linear combinations of known ridge parameters, developed through grid search and methods that leverage mean squared error (MSE) values from prior simulations. Proposed Estimators For logistic and Poisson regression, new ridge estimators k9l and k9p are introduced as weighted linear combinations of the above estimators. keywords: coefficients; estimators; mse; regression; ridge; simulation cache: ejpam-6162.pdf plain text: ejpam-6162.txt item: #1584 of 2048 id: ejpam-6163 author: Donganont, Mana; Intawichai, Siriwan ; Phongchan , Saranya title: Finite-Time Scaled Consensus in Hybrid Multi-Agent Systems via Conjugate Gradient Methods date: 2025 words: 7400 flesch: 64 summary: To ensure accessibility for readers less familiar with hybrid consensus systems or conjugate gradient methods, we provide comprehensive nu- merical simulations in Section 4. Main results This section presents the main theoretical contributions of the paper, focusing on finite- time scaled consensus in hybrid multi-agent systems (HMAS). keywords: agent; cgm; consensus; finite; hybrid; matrix; protocol; scaled; system; time cache: ejpam-6163.pdf plain text: ejpam-6163.txt item: #1585 of 2048 id: ejpam-6165 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina; Paspasan, Rodin; Alambra, Ronald title: On r-Bell-Based Apostol-Frobenius-Type Poly-Euler Polynomials date: 2025 words: 4507 flesch: 74 summary: [2] Agoh T., Convolution identities for Benoulli and Genocchi polynomials, Electronic J. Combin. 21 (2014), Article ID P1.65. [9] Araci, S., Sen, E., and Acikgoz, M., Theorems on Genocchi polynomials of higher order arising from Genocchi basis, Taiwanese J. Math. keywords: polynomials cache: ejpam-6165.pdf plain text: ejpam-6165.txt item: #1586 of 2048 id: ejpam-6166 author: Adel, Mohamed; Khader, M. M.; Messaoudi, M. title: Numerical Investigation based on the Chebyshev-Homotopy Perturbation Method for the Breast Cancer as a Mathematical Model date: 2025 words: 4446 flesch: 69 summary: DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i2.6166 Email addresses: adel@sci.cu.edu.eg (M. Adel), mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), mmessaoudi@imamu.edu.sa (M. Messaoudi) https://www.ejpam.com 1 (CC BY-NC 4.0) M. Adel, M. M. Khader, M. Messaoudi / Eur. keywords: appl; k=0; l−1; m. m.; math; numerical; solution cache: ejpam-6166.pdf plain text: ejpam-6166.txt item: #1587 of 2048 id: ejpam-6167 author: Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa; Corcino, Cristina title: The Type 2 Degenerate Hermite-Based Apostol-Frobenius-type Poly-Genocchi Polynomials with Parameters a, b and c date: 2025 words: 6534 flesch: 75 summary: Some identities of degenerate genocchi polynomials. Moment representations of fully degenerate bernoulli and degenerate euler polynomials. keywords: genocchi; polynomials cache: ejpam-6167.pdf plain text: ejpam-6167.txt item: #1588 of 2048 id: ejpam-617 author: Bansal, Sanjay K.; Dziok, Jacek; Goswami, Pranay title: Certain Results for a Subclass of Meromorphic Multivalent Functions Associated with the Wright Functions date: 2010 words: 2764 flesch: 86 summary: (4) In particular, when Ai = B j = 1 � i = 1, ..., l; j = 1, ..., s � , we have the following relationship: l Fs(α1, ...,αl ;β1, ..,βs; z) = Ω lψs[(α1, 1)1,l ; (β j, 1)1,s; z] (l ≤ s+ 1; z ∈ U ) (5) where Ω := Γ(β1)...Γ(βs) Γ(α1)...(αl) . ,q � ; β j, B j > 0 � j = 1, . . . keywords: � � cache: ejpam-617.pdf plain text: ejpam-617.txt item: #1589 of 2048 id: ejpam-6171 author: Suayngam, Kannirun ; Julatha, Pongpun ; Nakkhasen, Warud ; Prasertpong, Rukchart ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Pythagorean Neutrosophic IUP-Algebras: Theoretical Foundations and Extensions date: 2025 words: 13546 flesch: 89 summary: Let x, y ∈ X. Then PT (y) = PT (0 ? Let x, y ∈ X. Then PT (y) = PT (0 ? keywords: iup cache: ejpam-6171.pdf plain text: ejpam-6171.txt item: #1590 of 2048 id: ejpam-6173 author: Darvish, Vahid ; Ogwo, Grace Nnennaya; Oyewole, Oyewole Kazeem ; Abass, Hammed Anuoluwapo ; Ikramov, Amirbek Aminovich title: Inertial Iterative Method for Generalized Mixed Equilibrium Problem and Fixed Point Problem date: 2025 words: 11159 flesch: 80 summary: − Df (p, xn)] = 0, which completes the proof. − f (xnk ) + ⟨∇f (znk ) , xnk − znk ⟩ − ⟨∇f (znk )−∇f (xnk ) , p∗ − xnk ⟩ , for p∗ ∈ F (T ). keywords: convex; lim; ynk cache: ejpam-6173.pdf plain text: ejpam-6173.txt item: #1591 of 2048 id: ejpam-6175 author: Sanjay, Shivam Kumar Jha ; Natarajan, Mohana title: Enhancing Shape Analysis with Persistent Homology for Edge Detection and Topological Feature Extraction date: 2025 words: 6407 flesch: 66 summary: Following Theorem 1, we see that Hκ 0 (X) = Z for every κ-connected graph like digital image, This completes the proof. These applications demonstrate how persistent homology offers a mathematically grounded framework for analyzing structural features in digital images. keywords: digital; faces; homology; image; math; points; simplex cache: ejpam-6175.pdf plain text: ejpam-6175.txt item: #1592 of 2048 id: ejpam-6176 author: Arif, Muhammad Shoaib; Abodayeh, Kamaleldin ; Nawaz , Yasir title: A Hybrid Exponential Runge-Kutta Scheme for Stochastic SIQR Disease Modeling date: 2025 words: 7255 flesch: 64 summary: A two-stage mixture of exponential integrator and Runge-Kutta scheme is proposed for solving stochastic epidemic disease models. This underscores its capability as an effective instrument for simulating complex stochastic epidemic models incorporating spatial effects and non-linear dynam- ics. keywords: epidemic; method; model; rate; scheme; α3 =; γ1 = cache: ejpam-6176.pdf plain text: ejpam-6176.txt item: #1593 of 2048 id: ejpam-6178 author: Nuñez, Rashin; Fuentes, Katrina title: Topological Homomorphisms in a Topological Dual B-Algebra date: 2025 words: 7064 flesch: 81 summary: [x′]J ∈ W} = {[x′]S ∈ X/S | x′ ∈ Ψ−1(W )} = {Φ(x′) ∈ X/S | x′ ∈ Ψ−1(W )} = Φ(Ψ−1(W )) Let [a]S , [b]S ∈ X/S and W be a neighborhood of [a]S ∗ [b]S . keywords: algebra cache: ejpam-6178.pdf plain text: ejpam-6178.txt item: #1594 of 2048 id: ejpam-6181 author: Khan, Ilyas; Rehman, Asad; Mehmood, Shahid; Zia, Saqib; Koh, Wei Sin title: Numerical Simulation of Cutting Transport in a Drilling Operation by using TVD RKDG scheme with WENO Limiters date: 2025 words: 8635 flesch: 69 summary: Case 5: t = 4000 s, mass rate = 4 kg/s, plotting of cuttings mass rate out vs time. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 Time [s] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 C ut tin g M as sr at e ou t [ kg /s ] 25 boxes 50 boxes Figure 33: Case 5: t = 4000 s, mass rate = 4 kg/s, plotting of cuttings mass rate out vs time. keywords: case; concentration; cuttings; depth; figure; mass; numerical; rate; time cache: ejpam-6181.pdf plain text: ejpam-6181.txt item: #1595 of 2048 id: ejpam-6182 author: Al-hawary, Tariq; Frasin, Basem Aref; Cotˆırl˘a, Luminita-Ioana; Breaz, Daniel title: Some Conditions for Certain Two Families of Analytic Functions Associated with Touchard Polynomials date: 2025 words: 3376 flesch: 75 summary: An application of a binomial distribution series on certain analytic functions. An application of a poisson distribution series on certain analytic functions. keywords: functions; ε=2 cache: ejpam-6182.pdf plain text: ejpam-6182.txt item: #1596 of 2048 id: ejpam-6186 author: Ahmad, Imtiaz; Saleem, Mehwish ; Ali, Arshed; Khan, Aziz; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: A Computational Analysis of Convection-Diffusion Model with Memory using Caputo-Fabrizio Derivative and Cubic Trigonometric B-Spline Functions date: 2025 words: 7411 flesch: 65 summary: Al-Refai [23] derived a closed form reduction order formula for Caputo-Fabrizio derivative to get second linearly independent solution of linear fractional differential equations. A nonlinear system of hybrid fractional differential equations with application to fixed time sliding mode control for Leukemia therapy. keywords: 10−4; caputo; derivative; differential; equation; fabrizio; fractional; h =; method; numerical; order; solution; time cache: ejpam-6186.pdf plain text: ejpam-6186.txt item: #1597 of 2048 id: ejpam-6188 author: Tangjai, Wipawee; Vichitkunakorn, Panuponng; Chaiyakhot, Sittichai; Sinthuket, Rawit title: On a b-chromatic Sum of a Myceilskian of Paths date: 2025 words: 5498 flesch: 86 summary: In comparison to the well-known chromatic number, the idea of chromatic sum was originated in 1989 by Kubicka and Schwenk An introduction to chromatic sums. keywords: sum cache: ejpam-6188.pdf plain text: ejpam-6188.txt item: #1598 of 2048 id: ejpam-6189 author: Nakkhasen, Warud; Jaroenwan, Narinthon; Huekkhunthod, Panida; Chada, Atthchai title: Applications of Strongest Fuzzy Dot Bd-subalgebras in Bd-algebras date: 2025 words: 6194 flesch: 84 summary: Fuzzy dot Bd-subalgebras of Bd-algebras In this section, we apply the usual multiplication in real numbers to the fuzzy sets by introducing the notion of fuzzy dot Bd-subalgebras, which is useful as a generalization of fuzzy Bd-subalgebras in the Bd-algebras. [22] provided definitions and examined related features of fuzzy dot subalgebras, fuzzy normal dot subalgebras, and fuzzy dot ideals of BG-algebras. keywords: dot bd cache: ejpam-6189.pdf plain text: ejpam-6189.txt item: #1599 of 2048 id: ejpam-6190 author: Leuveras, Jessa Mae; Fuentes, Katrina title: Pseudo-Dual B-Algebra date: 2025 words: 6275 flesch: 89 summary: Define the binary operations “•” and “∗” on X by x•y = y and x ∗ y = y for all x, y ∈ X. Then the axioms (PDB2) and (PDB3) hold. = [(x • 1) ∗ (x • 1)] ∗ y = 1 ∗ y = y and (x ∗ 1) • (x ∗ y) = [(x ∗ 1) • (x ∗ 1)] • y = 1 • y = y. (iv) By (PDB1) and (PDB3), and (iii), (x•y)∗1 = (x•y)∗(x•x) = [(x • 1) ∗ (x • y)]∗x = y ∗ x and (x ∗ y) • 1 keywords: l l cache: ejpam-6190.pdf plain text: ejpam-6190.txt item: #1600 of 2048 id: ejpam-6191 author: Manulat, Kristen Vera; Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa title: Generalized Hyperharmonic Sum via Euler's Transform date: 2025 words: 6134 flesch: 70 summary: In this paper, we present and prove a novel expression for binomial sums involving generalized hyperharmonic numbers. Building upon this foundation, the present paper aims to derive and prove a new expression for binomial sums involving generalized hyperharmonic numbers, utilizing the Euler-type transformation approach outlined in [14]. keywords: j=0; k=0; numbers; n∑ k=0; r−k cache: ejpam-6191.pdf plain text: ejpam-6191.txt item: #1601 of 2048 id: ejpam-6192 author: Douich, Yassine; Silkan, Hassan; Hanyf, Youssef title: A Lattice Boltzmann Method for Image Inpainting Inspired by Fluid Dynamics date: 2025 words: 8794 flesch: 63 summary: Inpainting mask Binary matrix: 1 inside the missing region, 0 elsewhere I Inpainted image Output image updated through iterative reconstruction fi Vorticity distribution LBM distribution function for vorticity gi In this paper, we propose a new LBM framework for image inpainting based on the vorticity–stream formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations, treating the image as a fluid medium. keywords: appl; d2q5; d2q9; douich; eur; image; inpainting; lattice; lbm; math; method; pure cache: ejpam-6192.pdf plain text: ejpam-6192.txt item: #1602 of 2048 id: ejpam-6197 author: Lyu, Gang ; Jiang, Yingxiu; Liu, Qi; Park, Choonkil title: The Stability of the Generalized Function Equation date: 2025 words: 5258 flesch: 80 summary: The stability of the generalized function inequations This section primarily investigates the stability of functional equations, improves ex- isting results through a novel direct method, and explores the dependency relationships among different parameters in generalized functional equations along with their related properties. The paper proposes a new direct method, which is not only used to solve specific functional equations but also to construct and study a series of functional equations. keywords: appl; math; stability cache: ejpam-6197.pdf plain text: ejpam-6197.txt item: #1603 of 2048 id: ejpam-6198 author: Zafarullah, Muhammad ; Khan, Ilyas; Abid, Kanwal; Jamil, Muhammad ; Albidah, A. B.; Alharthi, Thoraya N.; Aljohani, A. F. ; Koh, Wei Sin title: Helical Estimation of Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo Fractionalized Magnetohydrodynamic Second Grade Fluid for Generalized Boundary Conditions under Porous Environment date: 2025 words: 10822 flesch: 72 summary: [V2g4(t)−V1g3(t)](µ+αao)− H(t)αa0 ρ ln(Π2/Π1) ∫ t 0 i ∫ t 0 [U2J1(Π1ρn)g2(t− δ)− U1J1(Π2ρm)g1(t− δ)]M1,i 0 (−(νGp +Gm), δ)dδ. (50) M. Zafarullah et al. / Eur. keywords: appl; eur; fluid; fractional; grade; math; pure cache: ejpam-6198.pdf plain text: ejpam-6198.txt item: #1604 of 2048 id: ejpam-6199 author: Al-Masarwah, Anas; Bani Abd Al-Rahman, Noor ; Alqahtani, Mohammed; Abuqamar, Majdoleen title: Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras in Connection with Crossing Cubic Structures date: 2025 words: 6925 flesch: 83 summary: = ((n | v) | (n | v)) Then, Π = (Υ̃Π, ϖΠ) is a crossing cubic filter of ϑ if and only if it satisfies (ii) of Proposition 2 and condition (B), where (B) (∀n, v ∈ ϑ) ( Υ̃Π((n | v) | (n | v)) keywords: crossing; v | cache: ejpam-6199.pdf plain text: ejpam-6199.txt item: #1605 of 2048 id: ejpam-62 author: Pirzada, Shariefuddin; Guofei, Zhou title: Score sequences in oriented k-hypergraphs date: 2008 words: 4851 flesch: 84 summary: Clearly, � �V1 � � = j, � �V2 � �= n− j . if p = 1. To see S(s+n , s−p ) satisfies (2.1), we only need to show for each j (p ≤ j ≤ n− 1), j ∑ i=1 si > j(k− 1) � n− 1 k− 1 � + k−1 ∑ i=1 (i− k) � j i �� n− j k− i � . keywords: i=1; � n−; � � cache: ejpam-62.pdf plain text: ejpam-62.txt item: #1606 of 2048 id: ejpam-620 author: Nigam, Hare Krishna title: Approximation of Conjugate of Functions belonging to Lip (alpha) Class and Weighted Class (L(r), xi(t)) by Product Means of Conjugate Series of Fourier Series date: 2011 words: 3562 flesch: 78 summary: t = I1.1 + I1.2 (say) (24) Now using Lemma 1, we have � �I1.1 � � ≤ ∫ 1 n+1 0 � �ψ (t) � � � �Gn (t) � �d t = ∫ 1 n+1 0 |tα| t d t = ∫ 1 n+1 0 tα−1d t = � tα α � 1 n+1 0 = O � 1 (n+ 1)α � (25) A function f ∈ Lipα if f (x + t)− f (x) = O � |t|α � for 0< α≤ 1. (6) H. Nigam, K. Sharma / Eur. keywords: k �; t �; � f; � ≤; � � cache: ejpam-620.pdf plain text: ejpam-620.txt item: #1607 of 2048 id: ejpam-6202 author: Dechosa, Vernard; Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa title: The $r$-Stirling Genocchi Numbers date: 2025 words: 6748 flesch: 81 summary: = ( 1 1 + t )r lnk(1 + t) k! ∞∑ n=0 { n+ r k + r } r tn n! (CC BY-NC 4.0) 2 of 26 can be represented as the number of permutations of the set {1, ..., n} having m cycles, such that the numbers 1, 2, ..., r are in distinct.{ n k } r can be represented as the number of partitions of the set {1, ..., n} into m non-empty disjoint subsets such that the numbers 1, 2, ..., r are in distinct subsets. keywords: r k; tn n cache: ejpam-6202.pdf plain text: ejpam-6202.txt item: #1608 of 2048 id: ejpam-6203 author: S, Daniel; M, Mallikarjuna; R, Senthamarai title: Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Immobilized Glucose Dehydrogenase Reactions in Spherical Micro-reactors date: 2025 words: 10702 flesch: 67 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6203 10 of 26 B(χ) = 1 + n(χ− 1) + (χ− 1)2 2! ( −2n+ ϕ2 3 α+ 2β + γ + 2σ ) + (χ− 1)3 3!(α+ 2β + γ + 2σ)2 ( 6α2 + (ϕ2 3 + 24β + 12γ + 24σ)α+24(β + γ 2 + σ)2)n+ 2ϕ2 3(−α+ (l − 2)β − γ − 2σ) ) + (χ− 1)4 4!(α+ 2β + γ + 2σ)3  − 4αϕ2 3(β + γ 2 + σ)n2 + (8(−α 2 + (l − 1)β − γ 2 − σ)αϕ2 3− 192( γ 2 + σ + α 2 + β)3)n− 4ϕ2 3 ( −αϕ2 3 4 − 2α2 +((l2 + 2l − 8)β − 4γ − 8σ)α+ (4l − 8)β2 + ((l2 + 2l − 8)γ +(2l2 + 4l − 16)σ − ϕ2 1)β − 2(γ + 2σ)2 )  + (χ− 1)5 5!(α+ 2β + γ + 2σ)4  14 (( n 14 − 2 7 ) α+ ( l − 6n 7 − 4 7 ) Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6203 9 of 26 C(χ) = 1 +m(χ− 1)− (χ− 1)2 2! ( 2m+ 2ϕ2 2 α+ 2β + γ + 2σ ) + (χ− 1)3 3!(α+ 2β + γ + 2σ)2 ( 24 (γ 2 + σ + α 2 + β )2 m− 4 (n 2 − 1 ) α+ (l − 2)β − γ − 2σ)ϕ2 2 ) + (χ− 1)4 4!(α+ 2β + γ + 2σ)3  ( (8n− 16)α2 + ((8l2 + (−16n+ 16)l + 8n2 + 16n− 64)β +(4n2 + 8n− 32)γ + (8n2 + 16n− 64)σ keywords: mallikarjuna; method; senthamarai cache: ejpam-6203.pdf plain text: ejpam-6203.txt item: #1609 of 2048 id: ejpam-6204 author: Elgendi, Salah Gomaa; Soleiman, Amr title: General Deformations of Sprays on Finsler Manifolds date: 2025 words: 6106 flesch: 78 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6204 15 of 18 In the following two examples, for simplicity, we consider S̃ = S − 2Pξ = S − 2ζ, where we set ζ = Pξ. − 2Pξ = S − 2ζ, then the coefficients G̃i as follows: G̃1 = G1 + ζ1, G̃2 = G2 + ζ2. keywords: deformation; finsler; projective; spray cache: ejpam-6204.pdf plain text: ejpam-6204.txt item: #1610 of 2048 id: ejpam-6206 author: Omer, Abdoalrahman S.A. title: Marangoni Convection in Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Disk date: 2025 words: 6592 flesch: 45 summary: In this work Marangoni convection problem is studied for hybrid nanofluids. Because of their improved thermal characteristics, hybrid nanofluids which are created by suspending nanoparticles of several materials inside a base fluid have become a fascinating field of study. keywords: disk; flow; heat; hybrid; marangoni; nanofluid; nanoparticles; parameters; profile; stretching; surface; temperature; transfer cache: ejpam-6206.pdf plain text: ejpam-6206.txt item: #1611 of 2048 id: ejpam-6207 author: Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Alqawaqneh, Haitham ; Alsahli, Ghaziyah ; Abd El-latif, Alaa M. ; Khan, Yahya ; Hamja, Jamil J; Armada, Cris L. ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Soft Topological Spaces and Some Graphical Representation of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love in terms of Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Soft Sets with the Applications of Some Advanced Machine Learning Techniques date: 2025 words: 16513 flesch: 71 summary: Key Words and Phrases: Neutrosophic soft set, HPNS points, HPNSTS, HPNS p-open set, set, K-Means algorithm, machine learning techniques and Heatmaps. ∗Corresponding author. Next is heptapartitioned neutrosophic soft set weighted Euclidean distance: dλ(A,B) = keywords: correlation; data; hpns; let; love; set; η)(s; ∂)c cache: ejpam-6207.pdf plain text: ejpam-6207.txt item: #1612 of 2048 id: ejpam-6211 author: Coronel, Romeo; Corcino, Roberto Bagsarsa title: On Exploring the r−Stirling Fibonacci Numbers and Polynomials date: 2025 words: 6839 flesch: 72 summary: In the same way the Fibonacci numbers appear in natural growth, recursion, and com- binatorics, Fibonacci polynomials provide a parameterized version of Fibonacci numbers. This generalizes the Binet formula for Fibonacci numbers and offers a fast way to compute Fibonacci polynomials for large n. Generating Function 5 of 23 The generating function encodes all Fibonacci polynomials into a single expression: G(x, t) keywords: tn n cache: ejpam-6211.pdf plain text: ejpam-6211.txt item: #1613 of 2048 id: ejpam-6212 author: Artes Jr., Rosalio; Gobithaasan, Rudrusamy; Hasni, Roslan; Jafari Rad, Nader title: Bounds of Geodetic-Wiener Index on Spirocyclic Graphs date: 2025 words: 7053 flesch: 83 summary: It suffices to show the bounds of Wiener index in terms Harary index and use Lemma 2 together with Theorem 1. Applying Theorem 2 and the proof of Theorem 8 on the bounds of Wiener index with multiplicatively weighted Harary index yields the following corollary. keywords: d(u; index; wiener cache: ejpam-6212.pdf plain text: ejpam-6212.txt item: #1614 of 2048 id: ejpam-6214 author: Chandoul, Amara; Mansour, Saber title: On the Irreducibility of Polynomials with Prime Power Shifts date: 2025 words: 2638 flesch: 57 summary: This generalizes and extends earlier work on the irreducibility of such polynomials. [3], we establish a unified framework for studying the irreducibility of such polynomials. keywords: deg; f(x; polynomials cache: ejpam-6214.pdf plain text: ejpam-6214.txt item: #1615 of 2048 id: ejpam-6215 author: Salman, Sangar Mohammed Hasan ; Mohammed, Sizar Abid ; Mohammed, Ramadhan A. title: Analytic and Numerical Approaches for Solving Nonlinear Painleve' Equations I and II date: 2025 words: 10015 flesch: 78 summary: Nonlinear Painlevé equations play a pivotal role in various branches of mathematical physics, integrable systems, and applied mathematics. In this paper, we develop and present both analytical and numerical solutions for specific classes of nonlinear Painlevé equations. keywords: abid; appl; decomposition; differential; equations; math; mern; method; painlevé; y(x cache: ejpam-6215.pdf plain text: ejpam-6215.txt item: #1616 of 2048 id: ejpam-6216 author: Arif, Anessa; Fahmi, Aliya; Khan, Aziz; Aiman Mukheimer; Abdeljawad, Thabet; Thinakaran, Rajermani title: Domination in Bipolar Fuzzy Rough Digraphs with Applications to Decision-Making date: 2025 words: 12508 flesch: 76 summary: Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets. Bipolar fuzzy rough set model on two different universes and its application. keywords: bfrd; domination; fuzzy; graphs; pure; set; sets; −0.1 cache: ejpam-6216.pdf plain text: ejpam-6216.txt item: #1617 of 2048 id: ejpam-6217 author: Mohammed, Najla A.; Shahid, Naveed ; Shaikh, Tahira Sumbal; Ahmed, Nauman; Ghafoor, Farwa ; Baber, Muhammad Zafarullah ; Khan, Ilyas; Koh, Wei Sin title: New Bright Soliton and Kink Wave Solutions for a Nonlinear Evolution Equation date: 2025 words: 7893 flesch: 66 summary: Numerous techniques have been developed to examine different facets of solutions and physical phenomena associated with nonlinear wave equations due to their significant mathematical features and broad range of applications. A sine-cosine method for handling nonlinear wave equations. keywords: equations; method; nonlinear; solutions; wave; λ2 −; − 4µν cache: ejpam-6217.pdf plain text: ejpam-6217.txt item: #1618 of 2048 id: ejpam-6218 author: S. Gafel, Hanan; Altamimi, Haya title: Behavior and Solution Representations of Fourth-Order Rational Systems of Difference Equations date: 2025 words: 8748 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6218 20 of 28 =  (−1)n−1ηnλn−1σn−1µn−1τn−1κn−1[ ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 2)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 2)τ) ((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 1)κ) ]  (−1)nηn−1λn−1σnµnτnκn−1[ (σ + τ)(σ − δ) ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ)((2i + 2)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 3)τ)((2i + 3)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ]  −  (−1)n−1ηnλn−1σn−1µn−1τn−1κn−1[ ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 2)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 2)τ) ((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 1)κ) ]  +  (−1)n−1ηn−1λn−1σn−1µn−1τnκn−1[ ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 2)τ) ((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 1)κ) ]  =  (−1)n−1ηnλn−1σnµnτnκn−1[ (σ + τ)(σ − δ) ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 2)η − τ) ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ) ((2i + 2)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 3)τ)((2i + 3)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ]  [ η∏n−2 i=0 ((2i+2)η−τ) ] − [ τ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i)η−τ) ] =  (−1)n−1ηnλn−1σnµnτnκn−1[ (σ + τ)(σ − δ) ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ)((2i + 2)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 3)τ)((2i + 3)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ]  η − [ τ ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i+2)η−τ)∏n−2 i=0 ((2i)η−τ) ] =  (−1)n−1ηnλn−1σnµnτnκn−1[ (σ + τ)(σ − δ) ∏n−2 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ)((2i + 2)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 3)τ)((2i + 3)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ]  η + ((2n − 2)η − τ) H. S. Gafel, H. A. Altamimi / Eur. = (−1)nηn+1λnσnµnτnκn[ ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 2)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 2)τ) ((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 1)κ) ] , Θ6n+1 = (−1)n+1ηnλnσn+1µn+1τnκn[ (σ − δ) ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ)((2i + 2)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 1)τ)((2i + 3)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ] , Θ6n+2 = (−1)n+1ηn+1λn+1σnµnτnκn+1[ (λ − κ)(ζ + κ) ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 2)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 3)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 2)τ)((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 3)κ) ] , Ω6n−3 = (−1)nηnλnσnµnτnκnδ[ ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ)(σ + (2i)τ) ((2i)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 1)κ) ] , Ω6n−2 = (−1)nηnλnσnµnτnκn+1[ ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i)µ)((2i)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 1)τ) ((2i + 1)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ] , Ω6n−1 = (−1)nηnλnσnµnτn+1κn[ ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 2)τ) ((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 1)κ) ] , Ω6n = (−1)nηnλnσnµn+1τnκn[ ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ)((2i + 2)λ − κ)(σ + (2i + 1)τ) ((2i + 1)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ] , Ω6n+1 = (−1)nηn+1λnσnµnτnκn+1[ (ζ + κ) ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 2)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 1)µ)((2i + 1)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 2)τ)((2i + 2)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 3)κ) ] , Ω6n+2 = (−1)n+1ηnλnσn+1µn+1τn+1κn[ (σ + τ)(σ − δ) ∏n−1 i=0 ((2i + 1)η − τ)(λ + (2i + 2)µ)((2i + 2)λ − κ) (σ + (2i + 3)τ)((2i + 3)σ − δ)(ζ + (2i + 2)κ) ] , where Θ−3 = ζ, Θ−2 = σ, Θ−1 = λ, Θ0 = η, Ω−3 = δ, Ω−2 = κ, Ω−1 = τ and Ω0 = µ. Proof. keywords: i=0; σ +; ∏n−2; ∏n−2 i=0 cache: ejpam-6218.pdf plain text: ejpam-6218.txt item: #1619 of 2048 id: ejpam-6221 author: Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Hatamleh , Raed ; Abujabal, Hamza Ali ; Khan, Yahya ; Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Laja, Amy A. ; M. Pangilan, Sulfaisa M. ; Armada, Cris L. ; Hamja, Jamil J.; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Soft Topologies and Machine Learning Techniques for Exploring Romantic Feelings date: 2025 words: 19271 flesch: 61 summary: Let (F̃ , E) and (G̃, E) be two hepta-partitioned neutrosophic soft sets over the key set X then “AND” operation on them is denoted by (F̃ , E) ∧ (G̃, E) = (H̃, E × E) and is defined as: (H̃, E×E) = { ( (e1, e2), ⟨x,AbTH̃(e1, e2)(x),ReTH̃(e1, e2)(x),UH̃(e1, e2)(x) CH̃(e1, e2)(x),GH̃(e1, e2)(x),ReFH̃(e1, e2)(x),AbFH̃(e1, e2)(x) : x ∈ X⟩) : (e1, e2) ∈ E × E. } Where, AbTH̃(e)(x) Let (F̃ , E) and (G̃, E) be two hepta-partitioned neutrosophic soft sets over the key set X then “OR” operation on them is denoted by (F̃ , E) ∨ (G̃, E) = (H̃, E × E) and is defined as: (H̃, E×E) = { ( (e1, e2), ⟨x,AbTH̃(e1, e2)(x),ReTH̃(e1, e2)(x),UH̃(e1, e2)(x), CH̃(e1, e2)(x),GH̃(e1, e2)(x),ReFH̃(e1, e2)(x),AbFH̃(e1, e2)(x) : x ∈ X⟩) : (e1, e2) ∈ E × E. } Where, AbTH̃(e)(x) keywords: analysis; appl; complex; data; e)(x; feelings; fuzzy; hpns; math; neutrosophic; set; sets cache: ejpam-6221.pdf plain text: ejpam-6221.txt item: #1620 of 2048 id: ejpam-6222 author: M, Palanikumar; Kausar, Nasreen; Brikena Vrioni; Hoxha, Ervin title: Algebraic Operations on Complex Trigonometric Fuzzy Sets with Reciprocal Fractional Floor Functions date: 2025 words: 4916 flesch: 79 summary: Then the AO is determined as CTNWA⌊Υ1,Υ2, ...,Υz⌋ =  ∝ √ p −△z i→1 ⌊ p −⌊⌊λRi⌋⌋∝ ⌋ζi · e ∝ √ p−△z i→1 ⌊ p−⌊⌊λIi⌋⌋∝ ⌋ζi , △z i→1⌊⌊⌊λ℧i⌋⌋∝⌋ζi · e△ z i→1⌊⌊⌊λΛi⌋⌋∝⌋ζi  . It valid for z ≥ 3, Thus, CTNWA⌊Υ1,Υ2, ...,Υz⌋ =  ∝ √ p −△z i→1 ⌊ p −⌊⌊λRi⌋⌋∝ ⌋ζi · e ∝ √ p−△z i→1 ⌊ p−⌊⌊λIi⌋⌋∝ ⌋ζi , △z i→1⌊⌊⌊λ℧i⌋⌋∝⌋ζi · e△ z i→1⌊⌊⌊λΛi⌋⌋∝⌋ζi  . keywords: i→1; p −; − △; ∝ √; ⌋ζi; △ z cache: ejpam-6222.pdf plain text: ejpam-6222.txt item: #1621 of 2048 id: ejpam-6223 author: Alameer, A title: A Novel Maclaurin Series Approach to the Sakiadis Flow Problem and Its Fractal Formulation in Fluid Mechanics date: 2025 words: 2546 flesch: 69 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 76D10, 34M10, 76M22 Key Words and Phrases: Maclaurin series method (MSM), Sakiadis equation, Padé approxi- mants, Hausdorff derivative 1. A simple perturbation approach to blasius equation. keywords: blasius; equation; fluid; method; solution cache: ejpam-6223.pdf plain text: ejpam-6223.txt item: #1622 of 2048 id: ejpam-6225 author: Shi, Dali; Khiamy, H.M.; Abbas, S.E.; Ibedou, Ismail title: Roughness of Bipolar Soft Sets via Ideals and its Applications date: 2025 words: 18543 flesch: 86 summary: The two cases lead to SRL β+(=) ∩ =c ∈ L . Then, for all ¬ς ∈ ℵ, we have g(¬ς) ∩ =c ∈ L . keywords: = l; = ∗; l β−(=; sr l; srl; srl β−(=; β+(=; − psr; − sr; ∗ − cache: ejpam-6225.pdf plain text: ejpam-6225.txt item: #1623 of 2048 id: ejpam-6226 author: Mounikalakshmi, Remala ; Tamma, Eswarlal ; Uppuluri, Venkata Kalyani ; Iampan, Aiyared; T. title: Implicative and Positive Implicative Ideals of Neutrosophic INK-algebras date: 2025 words: 7224 flesch: 71 summary: [11] studied the idea of fuzzy implicative ideals and constructed a fuzzy characteristic implicative ideal in BCK-algebras. [12] introduced the concept of fuzzy implicative ideals in BL-algebras, and they state several properties of it. keywords: algebra; implicative; ink cache: ejpam-6226.pdf plain text: ejpam-6226.txt item: #1624 of 2048 id: ejpam-6227 author: Fahmi, Aliya; Hashmi, Arshia ; Khan, Aziz; Mukheimer, A.; Abdeljawad , Thabet ; Thinakaran, Rajermani title: Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Frank Aggregation for Efficient Renewable Energy Project Selection date: 2025 words: 11230 flesch: 68 summary: Intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators. Optimizing renewable energy project selection presents a complex challenge that demands intelligent decision-making under conditions of uncertainty. keywords: + n∏; aggregation; decision; energy; fahmi; fuzzy; j=1; log 1; making; n∏ j=1; operators; β 1−gj; β−1)λ−1; − log; −1)λj; 1 +;  cache: ejpam-6227.pdf plain text: ejpam-6227.txt item: #1625 of 2048 id: ejpam-6228 author: Sajjad, Muhammad; A. Alqwaifly, Nawaf title: A Novel SPN based Multiple RGB Images Security over the Residue Classes of Quaternion Integers H[K]_δ date: 2025 words: 14427 flesch: 47 summary: NIST Test779 Randomness of quaternion integer multiple RGB image encryption: The NIST sta-780 tistical test suite is a standard method for testing random and security strength of the781 encryption scheme, especially for the multiple RGB image encryption over integers. Quaternion based encryption does this by separately753 transforming the scalar and vector part of each pixel by modular arithmetic, affine trans-754 formation, and quaternion rotation. keywords: alqwaifly; appl; attacks; boxes; differential; diffusion; encryption; eur; image; image encryption; integers; j. pure; linear; math; original; pixel; pure; pure appl; quaternion; quaternion integers; rgb; sajjad; scalar; security; substitution; table; transformations; values; vector cache: ejpam-6228.pdf plain text: ejpam-6228.txt item: #1626 of 2048 id: ejpam-6229 author: Thabbah, Hayder Abdullah ; Darania, Parviz; Pishbin, Saeed title: New Multi-step Collocation Methods for Non-standard Volterra Integral Equations date: 2025 words: 4864 flesch: 75 summary: [εz,1, εz,2, ..., εz,m]T , (19) and matrices Ān+1 = diag(ā1n+1, ..., ā m n+1), (20) (B (z) n+1)j,k =  ∫ 1 0 K̂z(tn+1,j , s)Lk(s)ds, z = r, ..., n, ∫ cj 0 K̂z(tn+1,j , s)Lk(1 + s)ds, z = n+ 1, (21) (C (z) n+1)j,i =  ∫ 1 0 K̂z(tn+1,j , s)L̂i(s)ds, z = r, ..., n, ∫ cj 0 K̂z(tn+1,j , s)L̂i(1 + s)ds, z = n+ 1, (22) and (D (z) n+1)j,i =  ∫ 1 0 K̂z(tn+1,j , s)L̃i(s)ds, z = r, ..., n, ∫ keywords: equations; integral; step cache: ejpam-6229.pdf plain text: ejpam-6229.txt item: #1627 of 2048 id: ejpam-6230 author: Zia, Saqib; Rehman, Asad; Majeed, Samina; Ghaffari, Abuzar; Yasmeen, Shagufta ; Koh, Wei Sin ; Khan, Ilyas title: Numerical Simulation of the Ripa Model using the Upwind CE/SE Scheme date: 2025 words: 6228 flesch: 67 summary: Comparison of upwind CESE with simple CE/SE scheme at time t = 12. scheme captures sharp discontinuities better and has similar accuracy to other schemes from the literature. Kinetic flux vector splitting schemes for the radiation hydrodynamical equations. keywords: equations; n−1/2; scheme; time; upwind cache: ejpam-6230.pdf plain text: ejpam-6230.txt item: #1628 of 2048 id: ejpam-6232 author: Alkouri, Abd Ulazeez; Damrah, Sadeq; Zureigat , Hamzeh; Al-Ogilat , Osama; Hussein, Eman title: Numerical Solution of the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Complex Heat Equation with Intuitionistic Complex Dirichlet Boundary Conditions via the Explicit Finite Difference Method date: 2025 words: 5764 flesch: 65 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6232 2 of 15 Key Words and Phrases: Finite difference methods, complex, fuzzy numbers, Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, complex fuzzy numbers, fuzzy heat equations 1. Numerical solution of fuzzy heat equation with two different fuzzifications. keywords: cif; equation; heat; j(ξ; t;β cache: ejpam-6232.pdf plain text: ejpam-6232.txt item: #1629 of 2048 id: ejpam-6234 author: Ajami, Alain; Sawma, Jean; Gauthier, Jean-Paul; El Maalouf, Joseph title: Optimal Trajectories for Drones with Limited Observability Constraints date: 2025 words: 5035 flesch: 61 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 49J15, 93C95, 93B07 Key Words and Phrases: Control system, Dynamic output stabilization, Asymptotic stability 1. Dynamic output stabi- lization of control systems: An unobservable kinematic drone model. keywords: control; drone; minimum; observer; stabilization; system; target; time cache: ejpam-6234.pdf plain text: ejpam-6234.txt item: #1630 of 2048 id: ejpam-6237 author: Syamsudhuha, Syamsudhuha; Imran, M.; Putri, Ayunda; Marjulisa, Rike title: Mean-Driven Accuracy: A Contraharmonic Extension of Heun’s Method date: 2025 words: 5556 flesch: 64 summary: The following figure shows the stability region of CCH method, which was determined by evaluating the method over a grid in the complex plane. In this plot, the white (unshaded) region represents the stability region (G(z)) of CCH method. keywords: cam; cch; hhm; method; numerical; step cache: ejpam-6237.pdf plain text: ejpam-6237.txt item: #1631 of 2048 id: ejpam-6238 author: Odetallah, Huda; Abualhomos, Mayada ; Sasa, Tala ; Shaikh, lubaba ; Miri, Omniya title: Finite Rank Solution for Conformable Second-Order Abstract Cauchy Problem in Hilbert Space date: 2025 words: 3870 flesch: 74 summary: i (t) ∈ C(I), i = 1, 2, ..., n. Before analyzing the main problem, we establish the theoretical foundation using fundamental matrices. i (t) ∈ C(I), i = 1, 2, ..., n. Then, the problem has a unique solution. keywords: i=1; problem cache: ejpam-6238.pdf plain text: ejpam-6238.txt item: #1632 of 2048 id: ejpam-6241 author: Jenita, P. ; Princy Flora, M. ; Jana, Chiranjibe; Popovic, E.; Ivkovic, N. title: T-Ordering on Generalized Regular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Matrices date: 2025 words: 8012 flesch: 90 summary: uP1u = ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩  ̸= u, uP2u = ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩  ̸= u. uP3u = ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩  ̸= u, uP4u = ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩  ̸= u, uP5u = ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩  ̸= u and uP6u = ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩  ̸= u. Therefore, u is not regular. = [⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ] [ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0.5⟩ ⟨0, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ⟨0.2, 0.5⟩ ⟨0.2, 0.5⟩ ⟨0.2, 0⟩ ⟨0.5, 0⟩ ] keywords: 0⟩ ⟨0.2; ⟨0.5 cache: ejpam-6241.pdf plain text: ejpam-6241.txt item: #1633 of 2048 id: ejpam-6243 author: Ramaswamy, Rajagopalan ; Kumar, Manoj; Sharma, Prem Lata; Alkhowaiter, Rayan Abdulrahman; Nabway, Hossam A; Abdelnaby, Ola Ashour A; Mani, Gunaseelan title: Some Fixed Point Results for Hybrid Contraction in Metric Spaces and Ulam-Hyers Stability date: 2025 words: 4304 flesch: 80 summary: In the present manuscript, we introduce a new notion of (β, ϕ)− admissible hybrid contractions in metric spaces and establish fixed point results in the setting of these spaces. In the recent past, interpolative contractive conditions were reported by some re- searchers and fixed point results please see [4–12]. keywords: d(xn cache: ejpam-6243.pdf plain text: ejpam-6243.txt item: #1634 of 2048 id: ejpam-6248 author: Zeshan Haider; Khalil Ahmad; Arif, Muhammad Shoaib ; Rehman, Ateeq Ur ; Qureshi, Muhammad Noman title: Self-Similar Solutions to the Lin-Reissner-Tsien Equation via the Power Index Method date: 2025 words: 5561 flesch: 58 summary: [7] Vitanov, N.K. Simple Equations Method (SEsM): An effective algorithm for obtaining exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations. In aerodynamics, LambertW function appears in exact solutions of nonlinear equations involving compressible flow and similarity reductions. keywords: appl; differential; equation; math; method; ode; self; solutions cache: ejpam-6248.pdf plain text: ejpam-6248.txt item: #1635 of 2048 id: ejpam-6251 author: Ramaswamy, Rajagopalan title: Solving Fractional Differential Equations and Integral Equations via Neutrosophic Bipolar Metric Space date: 2025 words: 12392 flesch: 91 summary: Let p : 𭟋 ∪ S → 𭟋 ∪ S be a mapping satisfying i. p(𭟋) ⊆ 𭟋 and p(S) ⊆ S; ii. Π(pς, pϖ, ζ ż) ≥ Π(ς,ϖ, ż), Ψ(pς, pϖ, ζ ż) ≤ Ψ(ς,ϖ, ż) and Ξ(pς, pϖ, ζ ż) ≤ Ξ(ς,ϖ, ż) (3) ∀ ς ∈ 𭟋 , ϖ ∈ S and ż > 0. Let p : 𭟋 ∪ S → 𭟋 ∪ S be a mapping satisfying i. p(𭟋) ⊆ S and p(S) ⊆ 𭟋; ii. Π(pς, pϖ, ζ ż) ≥ Π(ϖ, ς, ż), Ψ(pς, pϖ, ζ ż) ≤ Ψ(ϖ, ς, ż) and Ξ(pς, pϖ, ζ ż) ≤ Ξ(ϖ, ς, ż) (6) ∀ ς ∈ 𭟋 , ϖ ∈ S and ż > 0. keywords: ż 3m−1; ż ż+; ζ ż cache: ejpam-6251.pdf plain text: ejpam-6251.txt item: #1636 of 2048 id: ejpam-6254 author: Irum, Shumaila ; Zeb, Anwar; Ahmed A. Mohsen; Alharthi, Thoraya N. ; Ilyas Khan; Oqilat, Osama ; Wei Sin Koh title: Mathematical Modeling of  SEIRV Epidemic Model with Delay and Optimal Control of Holling type II date: 2025 words: 6348 flesch: 68 summary: 3. Epidemic Model SEIRV-Formulation with optimal control In this section, we examine control strategy of model model presented in [11]. Now, we first find the kernels of control model. keywords: control; disease; figure; math; model; pure; system cache: ejpam-6254.pdf plain text: ejpam-6254.txt item: #1637 of 2048 id: ejpam-6256 author: Alzubaidi, Yassin title: Iterative Approaches to Multiple Fixed Points in Generalized Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 4840 flesch: 78 summary: We combine the concept of having multiple fixed points for a mapping with the ap- proach of obtaining these points through iterative methods. This enables us to establish our main result: the existence of multiple fixed points that can be iteratively obtained for generalized contraction mappings satisfying specific conditions. keywords: metric; space cache: ejpam-6256.pdf plain text: ejpam-6256.txt item: #1638 of 2048 id: ejpam-6257 author: Alkandari, Maryam; Alajmi, Amal Hussain title: Fuzzy Logic-Driven Assessment Model for Mathematical Proof Grading in Education date: 2025 words: 9732 flesch: 54 summary: In summary, these works demonstrate the potential of fuzzy logic systems for accommodating uncertainty and subjectivity in student assessment whereas conventional methods do not [13,14]. The system was tested using student data while fuzzy grades were assessed together with the grades assigned by the professor. keywords: appl; course; course grade; grade; grading; logic; performance; professor; q1[’excellent; students; system cache: ejpam-6257.pdf plain text: ejpam-6257.txt item: #1639 of 2048 id: ejpam-6259 author: Chinram, Ronnason; Singavananda, Pattarawan title: Almost n-ary Subsemigroups and Fuzzy Almost n-ary Subsemigroups of n-ary Semigroups date: 2025 words: 4570 flesch: 79 summary: Let S be a semiprime almost n-ary subsemigroup of A. By Theorem 3, χS is a fuzzy almost n-ary subsemigroup of A. Let a ∈ A. Fuzzy semigroups. keywords: ary; ary subsemigroup; fuzzy; subsemigroup cache: ejpam-6259.pdf plain text: ejpam-6259.txt item: #1640 of 2048 id: ejpam-6260 author: K , Umamaheswara Rao; Sheri, Siva Reddy; Kallem, Srinivas Reddy ; Perli, Alfunsa Prathiba; Gollapalli, Shankar; Helal, Medhat M. ; Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Ismail title: Numerical Investigation of MHD Flow of a Tangent Hyperbolic Fluid Through a Porous Medium with Viscous Dissipation, Soret, and Dufour Effects date: 2025 words: 6706 flesch: 51 summary: Numerical analysis of the effect of chemical reaction and heat source on mhd hyperbolic tangent fluid flow across a non-linear stretching sheet in a porous medium. Zero and nonzero normal fluxes of thermal radiative boundary layer flow of nanofluid over a radially stretched surface. keywords: boundary; concentration; figure; flow; fluid; heat; hyperbolic; number; tangent; temperature cache: ejpam-6260.pdf plain text: ejpam-6260.txt item: #1641 of 2048 id: ejpam-6261 author: Mateen, Muhamad Haris; Hoskova-Mayerova, Sarka; Alnefaie, Kholood; Smarandache, Florentin title: Direct Product of Complex Neutrosophic Subrings date: 2025 words: 8102 flesch: 80 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 13E15, 08A72, 03E72 Key Words and Phrases: Complex neutrosophic subring, level subsets of complex neutrosophic subrings, product of complex neutrosophic subrings 1. We expand this idea to talk about the abstraction of level subsets of complex neutrosophic sets and look into the basic algebraic properties of this event. keywords: neutrosophic; set cache: ejpam-6261.pdf plain text: ejpam-6261.txt item: #1642 of 2048 id: ejpam-6262 author: Al-Shorman, Yanal; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Said Solaiman, Obadah; Hashim, Ishak title: Derivative-Free Method for Nonlinear Systems with Some Real-Life Applications date: 2025 words: 6639 flesch: 70 summary: − z − 11 y3 − 25z + 22 (3, 3, 2)  15 6 −4 6 10 −1 0 −18 −25  14 13 12 1.722963 2.4581 2.94914 1.03640452 1.08570343 0.93119446 Example 3. Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6262 5 of 20 Hence, the new iterative formula with no derivative terms expressed as follows xn+1 = xn − f (xn) (xn+1 − xn) f (xn+1)− f (xn) (10) keywords: convergence; dfh; equations; method; nonlinear; order; systems cache: ejpam-6262.pdf plain text: ejpam-6262.txt item: #1643 of 2048 id: ejpam-6266 author: Tayeb, Hadj Kaddour; Hakem, Ali; Benali, Abdelkader ; Alraddadi, Ibrahim; Ahmad, Hijaz; Radwane, Taha; Pamucar, Dragan title: Global Well Posedness for Damped Wave Models with Damping in the Memory date: 2025 words: 8575 flesch: 85 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6266 17 of 24 Now, we turn to estimate the norm ∥∥|D|σ−1 ( (ut − w(ut − vt))|ut − w(ut − vt)|p−2 ) In this way we get∥∥|D|σ−1 ( (ut − w(ut − vt))|ut − w(ut − vt)|p−2 )∥∥ Lr4 . ∥∥ut keywords: cauchy; estimate; x(t cache: ejpam-6266.pdf plain text: ejpam-6266.txt item: #1644 of 2048 id: ejpam-6267 author: Belgacem, Rachid; Bokhari, Ahmed; Benali, Abdelkader ; Alraddadi, Ibrahim ; Ahmad, Hijaz ; Abdelfattah, Waleed Mohammed title: A Hybrid Approach for Approximating a Smoking Epidemic Model via Caputo’s Derivative, a Novel Integral Transform, and Artificial NeuralNetworks date: 2025 words: 7836 flesch: 72 summary: When V (t) = tx−1 in formula of TN G transform 5, then: TN G [ tx−1 ] = Γ(x)M(s)Kx−1 (s) Bx (s) . Applying TN G transform and according to properties 1 and 2, we have: TN G [ RLIα 0,tV (t) ] = TN G [ 1 Γ(α) tα−1 ? keywords: appl; b(s; fractional; math; model; tn g; transform cache: ejpam-6267.pdf plain text: ejpam-6267.txt item: #1645 of 2048 id: ejpam-6270 author: Abdulqader, Maha; Khalaf, Alias B. title: A Topological Structure on d-algebras date: 2025 words: 8089 flesch: 89 summary: If W is an open set not containing 0, then for each distinct elements ζ, η ∈ W with ζ ⊙ η ∈ W there exist two disjoint b-open sets containing ζ and η. Proof. For each subset M of a Tbd-algebra W and any element ζ ∈ W, the following statements are true: (i) Clb(M)⊙ ζ ⊆ Cl(M ⊙ ζ). keywords: algebra cache: ejpam-6270.pdf plain text: ejpam-6270.txt item: #1646 of 2048 id: ejpam-6273 author: Narasimha Swamy, P. ; Harika, Bhurgula ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Hybrid Ideals of a Near algebra date: 2025 words: 5550 flesch: 93 summary: Thus, i, q, ς ∈ Y, ς(q + i) Since q, ς ∈ Y , we have qς ∈ Y . keywords: ϱ̃γ cache: ejpam-6273.pdf plain text: ejpam-6273.txt item: #1647 of 2048 id: ejpam-6274 author: Sultan, Mehvish; Sultan, Babar; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: Grand Variable Herz-Morrey Type Besove Spaces and Triebel-Lizorkin Spaces date: 2025 words: 9801 flesch: 88 summary: If d > 0 and λ− d/2 < 0, then we get I4 ≲ sup ϵ>0 sup L⩽0,L∈Z 2−Lλ ϵθ L∑ k=−∞ ∞∑ i=L+3 2 dq(1+ϵ)(k−i) 2  i∑ m=−∞ 2η(0)mq(1+ϵ) ∥∥∥∥∥∥∥  ∞∑ j=1 |gj |r  1 r 1m ∥∥∥∥∥∥∥ q(1+ϵ) p(·)   1 q(1+ϵ) ≲ sup ϵ>0 sup L⩽0,L∈Z 2−Lλ { ϵθ L∑ k=−∞ ∞∑ i=L+3 2 dq(1+ϵ)(k−i) 2 · 2iq(1+ϵ)λE q(1+ϵ) f } 1 q(1+ϵ) M. Sultan, B. Sultan, I-L. Popa / Eur. Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6274 26 of 33 If l ∈ N, p0 = r ∈ (n/a,< min {p−, κ}) , N > max{0,−s}+a and ω := N+s−d/r > 0, then we get (∫ 2 1 ∣∣∣2ls (Φ∗ 2−lg ) a (x) ∣∣∣κ dt t )r/κ ≲ ∑ k∈l+N0 2−ωr|l−k|2krsM keywords: 2−lλ; j=1; mk̇; q(1+ϵ; spaces; sultan; sup; η(·),q),θ; ∥∥∥∥∥∥∥; ∥∥∥∥∥∥∥  cache: ejpam-6274.pdf plain text: ejpam-6274.txt item: #1648 of 2048 id: ejpam-6275 author: Sajjad, Muhammad; Asghar, Rida ; Abdalrahem, Mushtaq K. ; Rajab, Adnan Burhan ; Narayana, Mahesha; Junjua, Moin-ud-Din; AlQahtani, Salman A. title: Design and Analysis of Shortened Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Codes for Efficient Data Transmission over the Eisenstein Fields date: 2025 words: 12405 flesch: 80 summary: The work starts with the defi- nition of shortened BCH codes over the Eisenstein fields with the mention of generator polynomials and the study of certain algebraic characteristics. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 94B75, 11T71, 94A24, 68P30, 14G50, 94A05 Key Words and Phrases: Eisenstein field, Shortened BCH codes, Modified BMA ∗Corresponding author. ∗Corresponding author. keywords: bch; codes; eisenstein; fields; polynomial; theorem; z2[ω cache: ejpam-6275.pdf plain text: ejpam-6275.txt item: #1649 of 2048 id: ejpam-6279 author: Haider Shah, Syed Ali ; Shah, Mujahid Hussain ; Vivas-Cortez, Miguel ; Mubeen, Shahid; Rahman, Gauhar title: Generalized Extended Confluent, Whittaker $k$-functions and Their Properties date: 2025 words: 8195 flesch: 75 summary: We also obtain Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and Riemann-Liouville k-fractional integral of these new generalized extended Whittaker k-function. In [34], Panwar and Rai introduced Whittaker k-function and investigated the fractional integral of Whittaker k-function. keywords: function; hypergeometric; whittaker cache: ejpam-6279.pdf plain text: ejpam-6279.txt item: #1650 of 2048 id: ejpam-628 author: Behboodi, Mahmood; Beyranvand, R. title: On the Structure of Commutative Rings with ${\bf {p_1}^{k_1}\cdots {p_n}^{k_n} Zero-Divisors date: 2010 words: 7384 flesch: 94 summary: pn kn zero-divisors it suffices to deal with local rings with pi ti zero-divisors where that 1 ≤ i ≤ n and 0 ≤ t i ≤ ki , and henceforth we focus on rings R with |Z(R)| = pk where p is a prime number and k ≥ 1. In Section 3, first we characterize commutative rings R with |Z(R)|= pk where 1≤ k ≤ 7. keywords: ring cache: ejpam-628.pdf plain text: ejpam-628.txt item: #1651 of 2048 id: ejpam-6281 author: Amer, T. S.; Ismail, A.; Amer, W. S.; El-Kafly, H. El-Kafly title: Applying LPA to Analyze the 3D Motion of a Symmetric Rigid Body with a Large Displacement of a Center of Mass date: 2025 words: 14073 flesch: 75 summary: = ρ2 2ρ1 Γ15 + 1 2Γ24, G110 = 1 2Γ61A3[ 1 ρ1 (ρ1 − ρ2)A 2 1 − 2(A2 1 +A2 2)], G111 = −(3− ρ2 ρ1 )A1A2A3Γ16, G112 = − 1 2ρ1 (ρ1 + ρ2)Γ26, G113 = − 1 2ρ1 (ρ1 − ρ2)Γ26, G114 = − 1 2ρ1 (ρ1 + ρ2)A 2 3Γ25, G115 = − 1 2ρ1 (ρ1 + 2ρ2)A 2 3Γ28, G116 = − 1 ρ1 (ρ1 − ρ2)Γ36 − (1 + ρ2 2ρ1 )Γ18 ε−3/2n−1{ χ 2ρ2 [2(Γ81 + Γ83)− Γ65A (0)2 3 ] + 1 2ρ1 [2Γ41 − Γ27 − Γ18 + (2Γ43 − Γ25)A (0)2 3 ] + { χt 2nA (0) 3 [Γ88 − Γ75 + λ́2r10 ρ2 ×(δΓ65 − (1 + δχ)Γ55)]− χ 2ρ2 keywords: + a2; 0)2; amer; appl; body; cos; eur; math; motion; pure; sin; solutions; λ́2r10; ρ1 t; ρ2 ρ1; ρ2)t cache: ejpam-6281.pdf plain text: ejpam-6281.txt item: #1652 of 2048 id: ejpam-6282 author: Gulyaz Ozyurt, Selma; Alsahli, Ghaziyah title: Fixed Point Results on Interpolative Metric Spaces via Simulation Functions date: 2025 words: 5163 flesch: 73 summary: Math, 18 (2) (2025), 6282 2 of 13 to metric fixed points. https://doi.org/10.2298/FIL2422729K [8] E. Karapınar, Recent advances on metric fixed point theory: A review, Applied and Computational Mathematics an International Journal, 22(1), 3-30 (2023). keywords: metric; point cache: ejpam-6282.pdf plain text: ejpam-6282.txt item: #1653 of 2048 id: ejpam-6292 author: Arif, Muhammad Shoaib; Abodayeh, Kamaleldin ; Nawaz , Yasir title: A Hybrid Finite Difference Approach for Solving Fuzzy Stochastic \(SIR-\beta\) Model with Diffusion and Incidence Rate date: 2025 words: 8392 flesch: 63 summary: System parameters are variable, oscillating around a mean value, which constrains the capacity of these models to represent reality compared to stochastic models accurately [25]. Figure 1: Comparison of proposed and Euler-Maruyama method for stochastic model using d1 = d2 = d3 = d4 = 0.1, µ = 0.1, θ = 0.1, γ = 0.4, c1 = 0.1, Λ = 0.1, β1 = 0.1, α = 0.1, m = 0.1. keywords: appl; fuzzy; math; method; model; nsfd; numerical; population; rate; scheme; stochastic; time; transmission cache: ejpam-6292.pdf plain text: ejpam-6292.txt item: #1654 of 2048 id: ejpam-6294 author: Thangamani, Stalin; Mohammed, Pshtiwan Othman; Devadoss, Jeno Francis ; Yousif, Majeed Ahmad; Arab, Meraa ; Baleanu, Dumitru title: Representation of Bi-Univalent Functions to Lucas Balancing Polynomials with Geometric Properties and Coefficient Bounds date: 2025 words: 6134 flesch: 72 summary: In this paper, we introduce and analyze a new subclass of bi-univalent functions defined in the open unit disk, associated with Lucas and Lucas balancing polynomials. The findings presented here are valuable for applications in geometric function theory and areas like fluid mechanics, conformal mappings, and engineering models where the analytic structure of bi-univalent functions plays a significant role. keywords: 4(1; functions cache: ejpam-6294.pdf plain text: ejpam-6294.txt item: #1655 of 2048 id: ejpam-6295 author: Ijaz, Muhammad; Khan, Naeem; Khan, Izhar; Mustafa, Ghulam; Alqifari, Hana N title: Bayesian Analysis of the Lomax-Power Rayleigh (T-X) Distribution date: 2025 words: 3405 flesch: 67 summary: A large number of problems have been tackle using Bayesian analysis under different probability distributions, for example, [9] discussed Bayesian analysis of for skew symmet- ric distribution, [10] explore Bayesian and non-Bayesian inference for Truncated Cauchy power Weibull-G class of distributions, [11] considered Lomax distribution with four loss functions, [12] discussed the Bayesian analysis of the Extended Lomax distribution. For example, recently a lot of new versions of the Lomax dis- tribution have been derived, e.g [1] derived X-Gamma Lomax distribution, [2] presented Inverse Power Lomax distribution, [3] discuss Lomax Power Rayleigh distribution. keywords: bayesian; distribution; jeffery; lomax; loss; uniform cache: ejpam-6295.pdf plain text: ejpam-6295.txt item: #1656 of 2048 id: ejpam-6297 author: Boonpok, Chawalit ; Raktaow, Palin ; Sama-ae, Areeyuth title: Strong $\beta$-$\mathcal{I}$-Submaximality and $\beta$-$\mathcal{I}$-Paracompactness in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 10793 flesch: 79 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6297 5 of 23 (2) If A is closed, then A is strong β-I-closed; (3) sβ IntI(A) is strong β-I-open, and Int(A) ⊆ sβ IntI(A); (4) sβ clI(A) is strong β-I-closed, and sβ clI(A) ⊆ cl(A); (5) A is strong β-I-open if and only if A = sβ IntI(A); (6) A is strong β-I-closed if and only if A = sβ clI(A); and (7) x ∈ sβ clI(A) if and only if U ∩A ̸= ∅ for every strong β-I-open set U containing x. Proof. if and only if A = sβ clI(A). (7): Assume that x ∈ sβ clI(A). keywords: ideal; open; set cache: ejpam-6297.pdf plain text: ejpam-6297.txt item: #1657 of 2048 id: ejpam-6300 author: Alirr, Omar Ibrahim title: Coronary Artery Segmentation in CTA Images: Evaluating Automated Segmentation of Coronary Arteries Using U-Net Variants and Vesselness Enhancement date: 2025 words: 8464 flesch: 42 summary: The proposed method not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of coronary artery segmentation, but also plays a crucial role in the timely diagnosis and effective treatment of cardiovascular dis- eases. Lei et al. used this idea for medical image segmentation and used attention-based deep learning networks to create an automated technique for coronary artery segmentation keywords: arteries; artery; attention; cta; fold; image; learning; model; net; performance; precision; resu; results; segmentation cache: ejpam-6300.pdf plain text: ejpam-6300.txt item: #1658 of 2048 id: ejpam-6302 author: Dhanalakshmi, R.; N, Jeeva; Dharmalingam, K.M.; Kekana, M.C. title: Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with \textit{Musa Acuminata} Flower Extraction: A Fractional Approach date: 2025 words: 6776 flesch: 54 summary: The integration of green chemistry and nanotechnology has led to the development of green nanotechnology, which aims to minimize the environ- mental impact of nanoparticle synthesis. This method not only provides a more efficient way to solve the model but also aids in understanding the interactions between the various compartments involved in nanoparticle synthesis. keywords: agnps; appl; eur; extract; fractional; green; model; nanoparticles; pure; silver; synthesis cache: ejpam-6302.pdf plain text: ejpam-6302.txt item: #1659 of 2048 id: ejpam-6304 author: Pandiselvi, M. ; Jeyaraman, M. ; Akram, M. title: A Combined Study of Continuities and Boundedness in Neutrosophic Pseudo-Normed Linear Spaces date: 2025 words: 6209 flesch: 86 summary: ρ1(ϖ − ϑ, φ) ≤ δ ⇒ ρ2(Υ(ϖ)−Υ(ϑ), φ) ≤ δ ς1(ϖ − ϑ, φ) ≤ δ ⇒ ς2(Υ(ϖ)−Υ(ϑ), φ) ≤ δ. η1(ϖ,φ) ≥ δ ⇒ η2(Υ(ϖ), φ) ≥ δ, ρ1(ϖ,φ) ≤ δ ⇒ ρ2(Υ(ϖ), φ) ≤ δ and ς1(ϖ,φ) ≤ δ ⇒ ς2(Υ(ϖ), φ) ≤ δ. γ ≥ δ.γ + δ ∥(ϖ −ϖ0)∥, by taking ϵ = γ. ⇒ γ γ+∥(ϖ−ϖ0)∥ ≥ δ ⇒ η(ϖ −ϖ0, γ) ≥ δ. ρ(Υ(ϖ)−Υ(ϖ0), ϵ) ≤ δ ∥Υ(ϖ)−Υ(ϖ0)∥ ϵ+ ∥Υ(ϖ)−Υ(ϖ0)∥ ≤ δ ⇒ ∥∥∥ ϖ3 1+ϖ − ϖ3 0 1+ϖ0 ∥∥∥ ϵ+ ∥∥∥ ϖ3 1+ϖ − ϖ3 0 1+ϖ0 ∥∥∥ ≤ δ ∥∥ϖ3 +ϖ0ϖ 3 −ϖ3 0 −ϖξ30 ∥∥ ϵ ∥(1 +ϖ)(1 +ϖ0)|+ ∥∥ϖ3 +ϖ0ϖ3 −ϖ3 0 −ϖξ30 ∥∥ ≤ δ∥∥(ϖ −ϖ0)(ϖ 2 +ϖξ0 +ϖ2 0) +ϖξ0(ϖ +ϖ0)(ϖ −ϖ0) ∥∥ ϵ ∥1 +ϖ +ϖ0 +ϖξ0∥+ ∥∥(ϖ keywords: neutrosophic cache: ejpam-6304.pdf plain text: ejpam-6304.txt item: #1660 of 2048 id: ejpam-6306 author: Rana, Rana Safdar Ali; Talib, Naila ; Etemad, Sina ; Tariboon, Jessada ; Hafeez, M. I. title: A New Trend of Fractional Inequalities for Differentiable Monotone Convexities Through Generalized Operators with Applications date: 2025 words: 6088 flesch: 72 summary: In the last few decades, many researchers have worked to develop fractional operators having generalized special functions as its kernel, which have many applications in the field of operator theory, fractional inequalities. Hermite– hadamard’s inequalities for fractional integrals and related fractional inequalities. keywords: fractional; κ ν; υ̌(α; υ̌(ρ)−; υ̌−1 cache: ejpam-6306.pdf plain text: ejpam-6306.txt item: #1661 of 2048 id: ejpam-6307 author: R, Rajeshkumar; A. M, Anto; Rose, V. Mary Mettilda title: Fuzzy Geodetic and Detour Spectra: Geodetic-Laplacian Energy in Fuzzy Graphs date: 2025 words: 7923 flesch: 69 summary: This study addresses these gaps by extending the concept of fuzzy graph energy to include fuzzy geodetic energy, fuzzy detour energy, and, most notably, fuzzy geodetic- Laplacian energy and fuzzy detour-Laplacian energy. The concept of fuzzy graph energy, in particular, introduces additional complexity, as the fuzziness of both vertices and edges must be integrated into spectral computations. keywords: detour; distance; energy; fuzzy; graph; laplacian; matrix cache: ejpam-6307.pdf plain text: ejpam-6307.txt item: #1662 of 2048 id: ejpam-6311 author: Panma, Sayan; Suparatulatorn, Raweerote; Chaobankoh, Tanadon title: Fixed Point Techniques for Graph-Based Mappings with Image Recovery Approach date: 2025 words: 6407 flesch: 72 summary: ∥xn − x∗∥2 + 2|βn|∥xn − xn−1∥∥dn − x∗∥ − (1− σi n)η i n(1− µi n)µ i n∥dn − Jidn∥2. Now, for any i = 1, 2, . . . , N, from Proposition 1, we have the inequalities: ∥Jicin − x∗∥2 ≤ ∥cin − x∗∥2 = ∥(1− µi n)dn + µi nJidn − x∗∥2 = ∥(1− µi n)(dn − x∗) + µi n(Jidn − x∗)∥2 = (1− µi n)∥dn − x∗∥2 + µi n∥Jidn − x∗∥2 − (1− µi n)µ i n∥dn − Jidn∥2 ≤ (1− µi n)∥dn − x∗∥2 + µi n∥dn − x∗∥2 − (1− µi n)µ i n∥dn − Jidn∥2 = ∥dn − x∗∥2 − (1− µi n)µ i n∥dn − Jidn∥2, and ∥Jibin − x∗∥2 ≤ keywords: algorithm; gmsd; − x∗∥2 cache: ejpam-6311.pdf plain text: ejpam-6311.txt item: #1663 of 2048 id: ejpam-6314 author: Sarwar, Muhammad; Fatima, Nahid; Shah, Sayed Khayyam; Khan, Asad; Abodayeh, Kamaleldin title: On Rational-Type Contractive Mappings in Bi-Complex Valued Control Metric Spaces and Applications date: 2025 words: 9208 flesch: 84 summary: Let db be a (BCVMS) defined on S = {0, 1, 2} such that, db(0, 1) = db(1, 2) = Let db be a (BCVMS) defined on S = {0, 1, 2} such that, db(0, 1) = 60 + 60i2, db(1, 2) = keywords: db(κ; metric; point cache: ejpam-6314.pdf plain text: ejpam-6314.txt item: #1664 of 2048 id: ejpam-6316 author: Iqbal, Naveed; Hussain, Shah; E. Hamza, Amjad; Jawarneh, Yousef; Ghani, Fazal title: Advanced Mathematical Approaches for Solving Fractional-Order Korteweg-de Vries Equations date: 2025 words: 5394 flesch: 71 summary: These methods are enhanced, according to the visual information, by being able to get good approximations for fractional differential equations, covering a large number of scientific and engineering situations. Applications on double ara-sumudu transform in solving fractional partial differential equations. keywords: equations; fractional; nintm; ψ(υ cache: ejpam-6316.pdf plain text: ejpam-6316.txt item: #1665 of 2048 id: ejpam-6319 author: Romdhini, Mamika Ujianita; Abdurahim; Maharani, Andika Ellena Saufika Hakim title: Spectral Properties of Coprime Graphs for Dihedral Groups date: 2025 words: 4193 flesch: 88 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C25, 15A18 Key Words and Phrases: Coprime graph, Dihedral group, Spectral radius, Energy of a graph 1. The degree, radius, and diameter of coprime graph of dihedral group. keywords: 2n−; graph; γd2n cache: ejpam-6319.pdf plain text: ejpam-6319.txt item: #1666 of 2048 id: ejpam-6321 author: Noorwali, Maha ; Hatamleh, Raed ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Khaled A. Aldwoah, Khaled ; L. Armada, Cris L; J. Hamja, Jamil ; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa title: Common Fixed Points of Triplet Mappings in GM-Spaces with Applications to AI Convergence and Cryptographic Consensus date: 2025 words: 10631 flesch: 80 summary: By G-completeness of X, there exists ℘ ∈ X such that {xk} converges to ℘ as k →∞. By G-completeness of X, there exists ℘ ∈ X such that {xk} converges to ℘ as k →∞. keywords: + g(℘; f2℘; g(x(3k+1; x(3k+2; x3k cache: ejpam-6321.pdf plain text: ejpam-6321.txt item: #1667 of 2048 id: ejpam-6323 author: Sajjad, Muhammad; Alqwaifly, Nawaf A. title: A Novel RGB Image Encryption Scheme using Operations on Residue Classes of Eisenstein Integers Z[ω]π date: 2025 words: 14716 flesch: 51 summary: Among these, image encryption using algebraic structures and number theory has emerged as a promising area, especially for multimedia and medical imaging, where traditional schemes fail to meet performance or security thresholds. In image encryption, Eisenstein integers offer a promising basis for constructing substitution boxes, defining modular transformations, and encoding image pixels with non-standard algebraic operations, thereby increasing entropy and resistance to statistical analysis. keywords: alqwaifly; analysis; boxes; classes; eisenstein; eisenstein integers; encryption; image; image encryption; integers; original; pixel; residue; rgb; sajjad; security; values cache: ejpam-6323.pdf plain text: ejpam-6323.txt item: #1668 of 2048 id: ejpam-6324 author: Saeed, Maha Mohammed ; Hatamleh, Raed Hatamleh2; El-latif, Alaa M. Abd ; Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Fujita, Takaaki ; Armada, Cris L. ; Andleeb, Rabia ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Separation Axioms in Quadri-Partition Neutrosophic Soft Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 9886 flesch: 68 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05 Key Words and Phrases: Neutrosophic soft set, quadri-partitioned neutrosophic soft set, quadri-partitioned neutrosophic soft topological space, quadri-partitioned neutrosophic soft sep- aration axioms. [7] introduced hybrid set which is known as neutrosophic soft set and defined some definitions and operations. keywords: neutrosophic; quadri; set; sets; space cache: ejpam-6324.pdf plain text: ejpam-6324.txt item: #1669 of 2048 id: ejpam-6325 author: Qureshi, Muhammad Noman; Soori, Atif Hassan ; Haider, Zeshan ; Khan, Waqar Azeem ; Arshad, Zohaib title: Exact Solutions of the Damped Telegrapher’s Equation with Harmonic Potential via the Generalized First Integral Method date: 2025 words: 4954 flesch: 53 summary: Recent studies highlight the growing interdisciplinary interest and pro- vide a strong foundation for further exploration of nonlinear wave equations with damping and complex potentials. Unlike perturbative or numerical techniques, Generalized First Integral Method allows for the direct construction of exact traveling wave solutions. keywords: damping; equation; method; solution; wave cache: ejpam-6325.pdf plain text: ejpam-6325.txt item: #1670 of 2048 id: ejpam-6326 author: Cabahug, Isagani, Jr; Eballe, Rolito; Fernandez, Reynard title: Friendly Domination in Graph date: 2025 words: 7520 flesch: 81 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6326 4 of 15 v1 v2 v3 v4 vertex in F vertex in V \ F Clearly N [F ] = V (P4), since v1 dominates v2 and v4 dominates v3. Finally, we give complete structural characterizations of friendly dominating sets in the join and corona of two graphs. keywords: dominating; set; vertex cache: ejpam-6326.pdf plain text: ejpam-6326.txt item: #1671 of 2048 id: ejpam-6327 author: Sarapuddin, Hulsen; Vilela, Jocelyn title: On Quotient KS-semigroups Induced by Fuzzy KS-ideals date: 2025 words: 10780 flesch: 92 summary: Since (z ∗ x) ∗ (z ∗ y) ≤ y ∗ x and (z ∗ y) ∗ (z ∗ x) ≤ x ∗ y, we have µ((z ∗ x) ∗ (z ∗ y)) ≥ µ(y ∗ x) > 0 and µ((z ∗ y) ∗ (z ∗ x)) ≥ µ(x ∗ y) > 0 by Lemma 1(i). = y ∗ (y ∗ x) for all x, y ∈ X, (ii) positive implicative if (x ∗ y) ∗ z = (x ∗ z) ∗ (y ∗ z), or equivalently, x ∗ y = (x ∗ y) ∗ y for all x, y, z ∈ X, (iii) implicative if x∗ (y ∗x) = x for all x, y ∈ X, or if it is both commutative and positive implicative. keywords: ideal; semigroup; µ(x; ∗ x; ∗ y; ∗ z cache: ejpam-6327.pdf plain text: ejpam-6327.txt item: #1672 of 2048 id: ejpam-633 author: Tsokos, Chris P. title: K-th Moving, Weighted and Exponential Moving Average for Time Series Forecasting Models date: 2010 words: 3559 flesch: 65 summary: 7. Solve the estimates of original time series by using (2). The model for one day ahead forecasting time series of the closing price of stock A is given by x t = x t−1− 0.033ǫt−1− 0.11ǫt−2. keywords: average; model; moving; series; time cache: ejpam-633.pdf plain text: ejpam-633.txt item: #1673 of 2048 id: ejpam-6331 author: Ramesh, T. ; Balamurugan, M. ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Complex Intuitionistic Fuzzy Quasi-Associative Ideals of BCI-algebras date: 2025 words: 6680 flesch: 79 summary: By CIFI-2 and CIFI-3 in Definition 6, we have ∅̃C(⌜ϱ̃⌝ ∗ ⌜κ̃⌝)eiω̃C(⌜ϱ̃⌝∗⌜κ̃⌝) ≥ min{∅̃C((⌜ϱ̃⌝ ∗ ⌜κ̃⌝) ∗ ⌜ϑ̃⌝)eiω̃C((⌜ϱ̃⌝∗⌜κ̃⌝)∗⌜ϑ̃⌝), ∅̃C(⌜ϑ̃⌝)eiω̃C(⌜ϑ̃⌝)} ≥ min{∅̃C((⌜ϱ̃⌝ ∗ ⌜ϑ̃⌝) ∗ ⌜κ̃⌝)eiω̃C((⌜ϱ̃⌝∗⌜ϑ̃⌝)∗⌜κ̃⌝), ∅̃C(⌜ϑ̃⌝)eiω̃C(⌜ϑ̃⌝)} ≥ min{∅̃C(⌜ϱ̃⌝ ∗ (⌜ϑ̃⌝ ∗ ⌜κ̃⌝))eiω̃C(⌜ϱ̃⌝∗(⌜ϑ̃⌝∗⌜κ̃⌝)), ∅̃C(⌜ϑ̃⌝)eiω̃C(⌜ϑ̃⌝)} T. Ramesh, M. Balamurugan, A. Iampan / Eur. (1) If ⌜ϱ̃⌝ ≤ ⌜ϑ̃⌝, then ⌜ϱ̃⌝ ∗ ⌜ϑ̃⌝ = 0. keywords: κ̃ ⌝; φ̃c( ⌜; ϑ̃ ⌝; ϱ̃ ⌝; ∗ ⌜; ⌝ )eiω̃c(; ⌝ ∗ cache: ejpam-6331.pdf plain text: ejpam-6331.txt item: #1674 of 2048 id: ejpam-6335 author: Hazaymeh, Ayman A. ; Al-Qudah, Yousef ; Al-Sharqi, Faisal; Romdhini, Mamika Ujianita ; Rodzi, Zahari Md title: A New Decision-Making Approach Using Bipolar Interval-Valued Fuzzy Soft Matrices date: 2025 words: 5622 flesch: 75 summary: In this article, we introduce a new hypermodel called bipolar interval fuzzy soft sets (BIVFSSs) in matrix form when we extend the bipolar fuzzy soft matrix to effectively and flexibly represent and manipulate uncertain information with increased flexibility. [ā+,L (n×m), ā +,U (n×m)] and B−(τ̇n, σm) keywords: biv; definition; n×m cache: ejpam-6335.pdf plain text: ejpam-6335.txt item: #1675 of 2048 id: ejpam-6336 author: Ahmad, Sadique; Ahmad, Naveed; Shah, Ismail title: Stability and Sensitivity Analysis of Cyberattack Propagation Models in Computer Networks date: 2025 words: 6896 flesch: 55 summary: The model classifies network nodes into different states: susceptible (S), exposed (E), infected (I), controlled (C), recovered (R), protected (P), disabled (D), and attackers (A). The model organizes network nodes into separate states which include susceptible, exposed, infected, controlled (botnet), recovered, protected, disabled and at- tacking entities. keywords: ahmad; equilibrium; model; network; nodes; shah cache: ejpam-6336.pdf plain text: ejpam-6336.txt item: #1676 of 2048 id: ejpam-6337 author: Hassan, Amal S.; Abdalla, Gaber Sallam Salem ; Almetwally, Ehab M.; Elgarhy, Mohammed; Yousef, Manal M. title: Advanced Censoring Schemes for Statistical Inference of Reliability in Engineering Contexts date: 2025 words: 12548 flesch: 73 summary: This study address this gap in an analysis of the multi-stress-strength model Υ = P (U < W < V ), in which stresses (U &V ) and strength (W ) are defined using the exponentiated Weibull distribution. Thus, the main driving force behind this can be summed up as follows: • Establish reliability inferences for Υ = P (U < W < V ), assuming that strength (W ) and two stresses (U and V ) have independent EWD with the same scale parameter. keywords: bayesian; data; distribution; estimates; estimation; et al; ewd; hassan; j=1; reliability; strength cache: ejpam-6337.pdf plain text: ejpam-6337.txt item: #1677 of 2048 id: ejpam-6339 author: Sanabria, José ; Rosas, Ennis; Granados, Carlos title: An Approach to Closure and Kernel Defined through $N$-points date: 2025 words: 6346 flesch: 81 summary: [10] Let (X, τ) be a N -topological space and N ∈ N (X). = {N ∈ N (X) : Υ(N c) = N c} is a N -topology on X and Υ is the N -closure in the N -topological space (X, τ(Υ)). keywords: neutrosophic cache: ejpam-6339.pdf plain text: ejpam-6339.txt item: #1678 of 2048 id: ejpam-634 author: Akbilgic, Oguz; Howe, J. Andrew title: A Novel Normality Test Using an Identity Transformation of the Gaussian Function date: 2011 words: 2538 flesch: 72 summary: Tests are evaluated according to the Type I error and Power. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62E15,62F03 Key Words and Phrases: normality test, Gaussian distribution,probability distributions 1. Although there are many normality tests in the literature, none dominate for all conditions. keywords: test cache: ejpam-634.pdf plain text: ejpam-634.txt item: #1679 of 2048 id: ejpam-6341 author: Amer, T. S.; El-Saba, F. M. ; Fakharany, M. ; Gad, H. M. title: An Exploration of the Topological Structure and Bifurcation of Liouville Tori in Models of Galactic Motion date: 2025 words: 7619 flesch: 70 summary: After some adjustments, the following differential equations may be obtained ξ̈ + Lξ +Mη = 0, η̈ +Nη +Mξ = 0, (36) where VXX(Xp, Yp) = L, VY Y (Xp, Yp) = N, VXY (Xp, Yp) = M . The Hamiltonian function associated with the potential V is H = 1 2 ( P 2 X + P 2 Y +X2 + Y 2 ) +XY 2 − 1 3 X3. keywords: amer; motion; points; publisher; pure cache: ejpam-6341.pdf plain text: ejpam-6341.txt item: #1680 of 2048 id: ejpam-6344 author: Pourkia, Arash title: Generalized SWAP and iSWAP and Solutions to the Yang-Baxter Equation in All Dimensions date: 2025 words: 5391 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6344 9 of 14 (αSWAP)S =  eiα1 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ eiαd ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ eiαd2−d+1 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ eiαd2  =  x11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ xdd ⊗  y11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ydd  =  x11y11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ x11ydd ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ xddy11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ xddydd  This completes the proof. Below, we illustrate this argument by highlighting the relevant entries with boxes: αSWAP =  eiα1 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ 0 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ 0 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ eiαd2  =  x11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ xdd ⊗  y11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ydd  =  x11y11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ x11ydd ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ xddy11 ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ xddydd  For (αSWAP)S, a similar argument (illustrated below with matrices and boxed entries) shows that assuming (αSWAP)S = X ⊗ Y leads to the equality eiα1eiαd2 = eiαdeiαd2−d+1 . keywords: baxter; equation; gates; quantum; yang; αswap; ∗ ∗ cache: ejpam-6344.pdf plain text: ejpam-6344.txt item: #1681 of 2048 id: ejpam-6345 author: Abbas, Nadeem; Shatanawi, Wasfi; Zanib, Syeda Alishwa title: Hamiltonian and Neural Network-Based Framework for Modeling Conjunctivitis Transmission with Medical Intervention date: 2025 words: 9519 flesch: 59 summary: For model system (2.1-2.6), the basic reproduction number R0 is provided by R0 = ρ (1− ψ)κ δ (ρ+ φ) (φ+ λ1 + λ2)φ (3.18) Proof. In this study, we address several gaps identified in the existing literature by proposing a modified mathematical model that in- corporates key real-world dynamics of conjunctivitis transmission. keywords: abbas; appl; conjunctivitis; control; eur; math; model; pure; rate; shatanawi; zanib cache: ejpam-6345.pdf plain text: ejpam-6345.txt item: #1682 of 2048 id: ejpam-6347 author: Abbas, Nadeem; Shatanawi, Wasfi; Zanib, Syeda Alishwa title: Mathematical Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Epidemics Using Fractional Calculus and Optimal Interventions date: 2025 words: 11487 flesch: 64 summary: For the optimal control (a∗2, a ∗ 2, a ∗ 3) and corresponding state solution (S,E,U,Q, P,H,C, F, V,R) that minimize J over U of the corresponding system of equation (2.4) having the adjoint variable ξ1, ...., ξ10 such that, dξ1 dt = (ξ1 − ξ2)ϕE + (ξ1 − ξ9)a1 − aξ1, (3.62) dξ2 dt = (ξ1 − ξ2)ϕS + (ξ9 − ξ2)γV + (ξ2 − ξ3)λ1U − (ξ2 − ξ4)λ2Q+ ξ2(µ+ d1)−X1, (3.63) dξ3 dt = (ξ2 − ξ3)λ1E + (ξ3 − ξ10)α1 + (ξ3 − ξ5)α2 + ξ3(µ+ d2)−X2, (3.64) dξ4 dt = (ξ2 − ξ4)λ2E + (ξ4 − ξ5)b1 + (ξ4 − ξ1)b2 + (ξ4 − ξ9)b3 + ξ4(µ+ d3)−X3, (3.65) dξ5 dt = (ξ5 − ξ6)φ1 + (ξ5 − ξ7)φ2 + (ξ5 − ξ8)φ3 + ξ5(µ+ d4)−X4, (3.66) dξ6 dt = (ξ6 − ξ10)a2 + (ξ6 − ξ7)m2 + (ξ6 − ξ8)m3 + ξ6(µ+ d5)−X5, (3.67) dξ7 dt = (ξ7 − ξ6)η + ξ7(µ+ d6)−X6, (3.68) dξ8 dt = (ξ8 − ξ10)a3 + (ξ8 − ξ6)σ2 + ξ8(µ+ d7)−X7, (3.69) dξ9 dt = (ξ9 − ξ2)γE + ξ9(µ)− ξ9a, (3.70) dξ10 dt = ξ10 (µ+ τ)− ξ1τ. (3.71) ξi(T ) = 0, for i = 1, 2, 3....10 having conditions, a∗1 = max{0,min(1,(ξ1 − ξ9)S 2Y1 )}, a∗2 = max{0,min(1, (ξ6 − ξ10)H 2Y2 )}, a∗3 = max{0,min(1, (ξ8 − ξ10)F 2Y3 )}, (3.72) N. Abbas, W. Shatanawi, S. A. Zanib / Eur. =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 10 15 20 25 30 Qu ar an tin ed (Q ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Cl in ica lly P os iti ve (P ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Ho sp ita liz ed (H ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 As ym pt om at ic (F ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 IC U (C ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 Va cc in at ed (V ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days (Time) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Re co ve re d (R ) =0.1 =0.3 =0.5 =0.7 =0.9 Figure 9: Dynamic convergence of conformable fractional model solutions to classical solutions as ς → 1. Shading represents solution variance across ς ∈ keywords: abbas; appl; control; covid-19; days; disease; eur; math; model; pure; shatanawi; time; zanib cache: ejpam-6347.pdf plain text: ejpam-6347.txt item: #1683 of 2048 id: ejpam-6348 author: Danach, Kassem ; Aly, Wael Hosny Fouad title: Adaptive Hyperheuristic Framework for Hyperparameter Tuning: A Q-Learning-Based Heuristic Selection Approach with Simulated Annealing Acceptance Criteria date: 2025 words: 6955 flesch: 31 summary: Proposed Contribution Despite significant advancements in hyperparameter tuning methods, many existing approaches still suffer from critical limitations. Hyperparameter tuning is a crucial step in optimizing machine learning models, di- rectly impacting their performance and generalization capabilities. keywords: aly; convergence; danach; framework; heuristic; hyperheuristic; hyperparameter; learning; machine; methods; model; optimization; performance; search; selection; tuning cache: ejpam-6348.pdf plain text: ejpam-6348.txt item: #1684 of 2048 id: ejpam-6349 author: Naik, Avaya; Sushree Chinmayee Sahoo title: Fekete-Szegö Inequality Estimate for Analytic Functions Using Salagean-Difference Operator and Leaf-Like Domain date: 2025 words: 4857 flesch: 72 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45 Key Words and Phrases: Analytic function, Univalent functions,Fekete-Szegö inequality,Leaf like domain 1. Introduction The theory of univalent functions, a cornerstone of geometric function theory, explores the properties of analytic functions that are injective in the open unit disk. keywords: functions; operator; p(ζ; λh(ζ cache: ejpam-6349.pdf plain text: ejpam-6349.txt item: #1685 of 2048 id: ejpam-6351 author: Köse, Bayram; Demirturk, Bahar; Konca, Şükran title: Application of Search Algorithms to Root-Finding Problems in Algebraic and Transcendental Contexts date: 2025 words: 6210 flesch: 56 summary: The advantage of the golden ratio search is that, since the original points x1 and x2 are selected using the golden ratio, function values don’t need to be recalculated in each iteration, and a wider range is explored compared to bisection. Such functions reveal the algorithms’ sensitivity, stability, and sensitivity to the initial interval. keywords: algorithm; error; function; interval; iterations; method; number; root; value cache: ejpam-6351.pdf plain text: ejpam-6351.txt item: #1686 of 2048 id: ejpam-6354 author: Ahmad, Sadique; Roome, Badshah-e-; Begum, Anisa; Ahmad, Naveed title: Spherical Picture Fuzzy Sets with Application to Multicriteria Decision-Making date: 2025 words: 6290 flesch: 73 summary: A new distance measure of spherical picture fuzzy sets is illustrated, and it is shown that it satisfies conditions of the distance measure. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 94D05,03B52, 03E72, 28E10 Key Words and Phrases: Spherical picture fuzzy set, Hesitancy degree, Multi-criteria decision making ∗Corresponding author. keywords: aav; criteria; decision; degree; distance; fuzzy; picture; set; sets; ∆s1s2 cache: ejpam-6354.pdf plain text: ejpam-6354.txt item: #1687 of 2048 id: ejpam-6355 author: Kamran; Jan, Nadeem; Khan, Muhammad Ishfaq; Aloqaily, Ahmad ; Mlaiki, Nabil; Hasan, Fady title: Theoretical and Computational Analysis of Delay Volterra Integro-Differential Equations via LaplaceTransform and Numerical Inversion date: 2025 words: 7339 flesch: 69 summary: − et − et−1 + 1 + e−1. When t − σ ≥ 0, |u1(t − σ) − u2(t− σ)| ≤ ∥u1 keywords: equations; method; numerical; problem; solution cache: ejpam-6355.pdf plain text: ejpam-6355.txt item: #1688 of 2048 id: ejpam-6364 author: Ud din, Rahim; Ahmad, Naveed; Ahmad, Sadique; Pongsumpun, Puntani title: Modeling of Eye Infection Transmitting by Conjunctivitis Adenovirus: Deterministic and Stochastic Approach date: 2025 words: 6325 flesch: 68 summary: |M1(S, t)|2 = ∣∣∣∣b− KSI 1 + βI − d0S ∣∣∣∣2 , ≤ ∣∣∣∣b− KSI 1 + βI − d0S ∣∣∣∣2 , ≤ |S|2 ∣∣∣∣b− KI 1 + βI − d0 ∣∣∣∣2 , ≤ (|S|2 + 1) ∣∣∣∣b− KI 1 + βI − d0 ∣∣∣∣2 , ≤ (|S|2 + 1) sup t∈[0,T ] ∣∣∣∣b− KI 1 + βI − d0 ∣∣∣∣2 , ≤ K1(|S|2 + 1) R. ud Din et al. / Eur. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6364 15 of 23 for K1 = sup t∈[0,T ] ∣∣∣∣b− KI 1 + βI − d0 ∣∣∣∣2 . keywords: conjunctivitis; din; model; pure cache: ejpam-6364.pdf plain text: ejpam-6364.txt item: #1689 of 2048 id: ejpam-6371 author: Kumar, Devendra; Garvandha, Mahesh; Kumar, Sanjeev; Deo, Narendra title: Effects of Volume Fraction and Chemical Reaction on Inclined MHD Two-Phase Biorheological Flow in a Porous Tumor Region: Heat and Mass Transfer with Soret Effect date: 2025 words: 5849 flesch: 62 summary: In the observation, significant changes are observed in blood flow transport. Ther- mal parameters on blood flow, heat stress, and concentration that help in tumor treatments are described using numerical outputs and depicted through graphs. keywords: blood; chemical; drug; figure; flow; fluid; heat; number; parameter; transport; tumor; velocity; volume cache: ejpam-6371.pdf plain text: ejpam-6371.txt item: #1690 of 2048 id: ejpam-6372 author: Obbu , Ramesh; Nainaru, Tarakaramu; G. YuvaRoopa Lakshmi; S, Sharief Basha; Sarvar Iskandarov; Akbar Toyirov; Sardor. Sabirov; Yuldoshev Jushkinbek Erkaboy ugli; K. K. Prashanth title: Planarity of Intuitionistic Pythagorean Fuzzy Graphs and its Application in Decision Making date: 2025 words: 6350 flesch: 67 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C10, 03E72, 68T37 Key Words and Phrases: Intuitionistic Pythagorean fuzzy graph, Crossing point, Strong Pla- narity and Weak Planarity ∗Corresponding author. The precise structuring of a street or communication network is made possible through the concepts of intuitionistic Pythagorean fuzzy graphs (IPFGs), Pythagorean fuzzy planar graphs (PFPGs), and Pythagorean fuzzy dual graphs (PFDGs), which are discussed in this study. keywords: crossing; fuzzy; graphs; membership; planarity; pythagorean cache: ejpam-6372.pdf plain text: ejpam-6372.txt item: #1691 of 2048 id: ejpam-6375 author: Shahbaz, Muhammad ; Kamran, Tayyab ; Imtiaz, Mariam ; Ishtiaq, Umar; Akram, Mohammad ; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: An Exploration of Compactness and Separation Axioms in Generalized Primal Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 10689 flesch: 79 summary: ∈ Gpt-S∗ gO(V). Let Mα ⊆ V. E is Gpt-T1 space if for every explicit point r and s of V, s /∈ keywords: gpt; open; sets; space; s∗ g cache: ejpam-6375.pdf plain text: ejpam-6375.txt item: #1692 of 2048 id: ejpam-6376 author: B. H. Etman, Walid ; F. Abouelenein, Mohamed; S. Eliwa, Mohamed ; El-morshedy, Mahmoud ; Roushdy, Noura ; M. EL-Sagheer, Rashad title: A Novel U-Statistic Test for Exponentiality Against EBUCL Reliability Class and Applied to Complete and Censored Data Across Various Risk Profiles date: 2025 words: 8938 flesch: 68 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6376 23 of 24 [14] M. A. W. Mahmoud and M. M. M. Mansour. [16] S. A. Qaid, S. E. Abu-Youssef, and M. M. M. Mansour. keywords: data; distribution; test cache: ejpam-6376.pdf plain text: ejpam-6376.txt item: #1693 of 2048 id: ejpam-6377 author: Mustafa, Ahmed Anwer; Khatab, Hussein title: An Enhanced Conjugate Gradient Method for Nonlinear Minimization Problems date: 2025 words: 3427 flesch: 68 summary: Also, many parameters are proposed: Hussein Ageel Khatab and Salah Gazi Sha- reef suggested a new conjugate gradient method for solving nonlinear unconstrained op- timization problems by using three terms conjugate gradient method [4]. The properties of conjugate gradient methods have been explored greatly through their global convergence properties. keywords: dtk; gradient; method; new; optimization cache: ejpam-6377.pdf plain text: ejpam-6377.txt item: #1694 of 2048 id: ejpam-6378 author: Sohail, Muhammad; ., Eiman; Khan, Hassan; Sarwar, Muhammad; Shah, Kamal; Abdeljawad, Thabet title: Analytical Investigation for Some Problems Under Different Fractional Differential and Integral Operators date: 2025 words: 5641 flesch: 73 summary: Moreover, fractional order solutions are converging to integer order solutions. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6378 2 of 20 the numerous uses of fractional differential equations (FDEs) in the fields of science and engineering, mathematicians are increasingly focusing on this area of study. keywords: differential; fractional; fνk(κ; θ χ(θ; νk+1(κ cache: ejpam-6378.pdf plain text: ejpam-6378.txt item: #1695 of 2048 id: ejpam-6379 author: Saadeh, Rania; Shokeralla, Alshaikh A. ; Al-Kuleab, Naseam ; Hamad, Walid S. ; Ali, Mawada ; Abdoon, Mohamed A. ; Guma, Fathelrhman El title: Stochastic Modelling of Seasonal Influenza Dynamics: Integrating Random Perturbations and Behavioural Factors date: 2025 words: 11388 flesch: 72 summary: − lnS − lnH − lnR+ S + E +I +H + V +R = (w5 + 1) (S + E + I +H + V +R) −(w1w5 + 1) lnS − w2w5 lnE − w3w5 ln I −w4w5 lnV − lnH − lnR Where w5 is positive constant. Environmental randomicity is an important factor in the occurrence and progression of epidemics, and there is a greater attention to stochastic models containing randomicity. keywords: + h; + r; + δ21; i(t; influenza; model; r6 +; saadeh; stochastic; weeks; ρ(v + cache: ejpam-6379.pdf plain text: ejpam-6379.txt item: #1696 of 2048 id: ejpam-6381 author: Kadri, Ilhem; Saadeh, Rania Saadeh; M. AlMutairi, Dalal ; E. Dafaalla, Mohammed; Berir, Mohammed; A. Abdoon, Mohamed title: Analytical and Numerical Investigation of a Fractional Order 4D Chaotic System via Caputo Fractional Derivative date: 2025 words: 6477 flesch: 63 summary: The findings show that a decrease in h is directly proportional to increased ac- curacy, which supports the consistency of CFD in solving fractional order systems. Exploring chaos in fractional order systems: A study of constant and variable-order dynamics. keywords: caputo; dynamics; fractional; numerical; order; pure; res; system; γ(2ν; γ(ν cache: ejpam-6381.pdf plain text: ejpam-6381.txt item: #1697 of 2048 id: ejpam-6382 author: Das, Diksha ; Abouelenein, Mohamed ; Das, Bhanita ; Eliwa, Mohamed title: Length-Biased Discretized Fréchet-Weibull Probability Distribution: Mathematical Theory, Simulation Analysis, and Goodness-of-Fit Evaluation Using Real-Life Data date: 2025 words: 10270 flesch: 58 summary: Let YL denote the length-biased version of the random variable Y ∼ DFW(α, β,m, k), named as LBDFW model, then its pmf is given by PL[YL = y] = y × P Hence, LBDFW model has an increasing failure rate distribution. 3.2. keywords: das; data; distribution; function; lbdfw; length; model; q(y cache: ejpam-6382.pdf plain text: ejpam-6382.txt item: #1698 of 2048 id: ejpam-6383 author: Maharajul , Kaimar Jay ; Hassan, Javier; Laja, Ladznar S. title: L-Hop Independent Sequences in Graphs date: 2025 words: 4220 flesch: 79 summary: Legal hop independent sequences in graphs. The concept of an independent set is often studied in the context of maximum independent sets, which refers to the largest possible ∗Corresponding author. keywords: hop; sequence cache: ejpam-6383.pdf plain text: ejpam-6383.txt item: #1699 of 2048 id: ejpam-6387 author: amen, zhwan; Al-Maamori, Faez; Fattah Hama, mudhafar title: The Effect of Variation in the Order of the Beurling Zeta Function in the Strip (0, 1) on the Upper Bound of Nₚ(x) date: 2025 words: 5528 flesch: 83 summary: = li(x) +O(xe−k √ log x) for some k > 0, where li(x) = ∫ x 2 dt log t (iii) In 2006, Diamond, Montogomery and Vorhauer [18] showed that Landau’s result is best possiblre. So, we get exp [( 1 + t100(1−σ) 3 2 ) (log t) 2 3 ] ≤ t 1 2( 1 + t100(1−σ) 3 2 ) (log t) 2 3 ≤ log t 1 2( 1 + e100(1−σ) 3 2 log t ) ≤ 1 2 (log t) 1 3 e100(1−σ) 3 2 log t ≤ 1 + e100(1−σ) 3 2 log t ≤ 1 2 (log t) 1 3 so e100(1−σ) 3 2 log t ≤ 1 2 (log t) 1 3 log ( e100(1−σ) 3 2 log t ) ≤ log ( 1 2 (log t) 1 3 ) 100(1− σ) 3 2 log t ≤ log( 1 2 ) + log ( (log t) 1 3 ) (1− σ) 3 2 ≤ log 1 2 + 1 3 log log t 100 log t log ( e100(1−σ) 3 2 log t ) ≤ log ( 1 2 (log t) 1 3 ) 100(1− σ) 3 2 log t ≤ log( 1 2 ) + log ( (log t) 1 3 ) (1− σ) 3 2 ≤ log 1 2 + 1 3 log log t 100 log t Z. M. Amen, F. A. Al-Maamori, M. F. Hama / Eur. keywords: beurling; log; log log; log t cache: ejpam-6387.pdf plain text: ejpam-6387.txt item: #1700 of 2048 id: ejpam-6388 author: Baleanu, Dumitru; Khuddush, Mahammad; Boddu, Muralee Bala Krushna; Tikare, Sanket title: Qualitative Analysis and Simulation of Fractional Hybrid Boundary Value Problems in Orthogonal Cone Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 10394 flesch: 76 summary: = 1 Γ(y) { ωy−1(1− ξ)y−1 − (ω − ξ)y−1, ξ ≤ ω, ωy−1(1− ξ)y−1, ω ≤ ξ. (4) D. Baleanu et al. / Eur. + m∑ i=1 kiω y−i, where ki ∈ R, i = 1, m, m ≤ y ≤ keywords: 0(ω; f(ω; fractional; math; metric; r(ω cache: ejpam-6388.pdf plain text: ejpam-6388.txt item: #1701 of 2048 id: ejpam-6392 author: Remala, Mounikalakshmi; Tamma, Eswar Lal; Bhargavi, Yella title: Neutrosophic Bi-ideals in INK algebras date: 2025 words: 6859 flesch: 82 summary: To model this selection process logically, we apply the concept of neutrosophic Bi-ideal in INK-algebra, which allows us to evaluate whether removing a less important factor still results in a valid and trustworthy decision. The literature works of Fuzzy sub algebras and fuzzy K-ideals in INK-algebras, fuzzy p-ideal in INK-algebra, Fuzzy translation of INK-ideal of INK-algebras also they proposed On intuitionistic fuzzy INK-ideals of INK-algebras, Direct product of intuitionistic fuzzy K-ideals of INK-algebras, Intuitionistic fuzzy translation on INK-algebra and also they have discussed neutosophic set in INK-algebra, neutrosophic h-ideal in INK-algebra have discussed by Kaviyarasu and Indhira, [3–7] and homomorphism and anti-homomorphism of neutrosophic INK-algebras have done by Mounikalakshmi, Eswarlal, Venkata Kalyani and Aiyred Iampan [8]. keywords: ink; neutrosophic cache: ejpam-6392.pdf plain text: ejpam-6392.txt item: #1702 of 2048 id: ejpam-6393 author: Ahmed, Najwa Idris ; Ahmed, Umsalama; Bashari , Abeer ; M.A. Widaa, Einas ; A. E. Mohammed, Elharam ; Ahmed Mohammed Yousef, Mashair ; Noureldaim, Emadeldeen ; Mohamed Modawy, Yousif ; Salman, Montasir title: Nano Quantum Explanation of the Changes in the Spectra of Some Oils Used for the Determination of the4 Degree of its Purity date: 2025 words: 8197 flesch: 51 summary: Oil impurities, often in the form of nanoscale particles, necessitate advanced analytical techniques, confirmed by a theoretical model, for detection. Many studies have used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis spec- troscopy, and laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) to detect oil adulteration. keywords: absorption; adulteration; energy; ftir; impurities; oil; oils; olive; pure; sesame; spectra; spectroscopy; wave cache: ejpam-6393.pdf plain text: ejpam-6393.txt item: #1703 of 2048 id: ejpam-6395 author: Nongmanee, Anak ; Jeenkaew, Kanruethai; Phattarachaleekul, Maliwan title: Pure Ideals on Ordered Power Ternary Semigroups on Ternary Semihypergroups Induced by Posets date: 2025 words: 6552 flesch: 89 summary: Conclusion In this article, we introduced the notion of ordered power ternary semigroups on ternary semihypergroups induced by posets which is an extension of power ternary semigroup on ternary semihypergroups. Then, the ideas of ideals and pure ideals in ordered power ternary semigroups on ternary semihypergroups induced by posets are introduced. keywords: ideal; ternary cache: ejpam-6395.pdf plain text: ejpam-6395.txt item: #1704 of 2048 id: ejpam-6407 author: Aldawood, Mohamed; Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Aldwoah , Khaled; Azzam , Abd elfattah; Hasnaoui , Abdelhalim ; Elashiry, Mostafa; M. Attaalfadeel, Husham ; Elkordy, Enas title: Various Types of Supra $epsilon$-separation Axioms and Relationships date: 2025 words: 6904 flesch: 80 summary: The definition of supra soft topological space was introduced by El-Sheikh et al. Supra gen- eralized closed soft sets with respect to an soft ideal in supra soft topological spaces. keywords: sets; soft; space; supra cache: ejpam-6407.pdf plain text: ejpam-6407.txt item: #1705 of 2048 id: ejpam-6408 author: Aldawood, Mohamed; Abd El-latif, Alaa M.; Aldwoah , Khaled; Azzam , Abd elfattah; Hasnaoui , Abdelhalim ; Elashiry, Mostafa; Elkordy, Enas ; Mohammed Alhassan Attaalfadeel, Husham title: Supra Regularity and Supra Normality Inspired by Supra-$\epsilon$-Open Sets date: 2025 words: 7266 flesch: 80 summary: [43] established the definition of supra soft topological space. Supra gen- eralized closed soft sets with respect to an soft ideal in supra soft topological spaces. keywords: sets; soft; space; supra; supra-ϵ-t2 cache: ejpam-6408.pdf plain text: ejpam-6408.txt item: #1706 of 2048 id: ejpam-6409 author: Sajjad, Muhammad; Ali Khan, Muhammad Farhan; Alammari, Maha ; Julian Serna , Robinson title: Construction and Classification of Generalized Hadamard Codes over Eisenstein Local Rings Z_(2^s )[ω] date: 2025 words: 10896 flesch: 88 summary: = Z2s Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6409 2 of 32 for several critical concepts in this area, including linear codes, cyclic codes, and BCH codes, which have seen practical applications in data storage, satellite communication, and cybersecurity [1–4]. keywords: codes; hadamard; sajjad; z2s cache: ejpam-6409.pdf plain text: ejpam-6409.txt item: #1707 of 2048 id: ejpam-6410 author: Wani, Shahid Ahmad; Alqurashi, Taghreed; Khan, Waseem Ahmad; Kus, Semra; Malge, Shilpa; Jadhav, Prakash title: A Unified Operational and Algebraic Approach of $\Delta_h$-Hybrid Polynomials Associated with Appell Sequences date: 2025 words: 5343 flesch: 73 summary: Laguerre polynomials, introduced by Edmond Laguerre in the 19th century, are a prominent class of orthogonal polynomials defined on [0,+∞). These include bivariate forms of “Chebyshev, Hermite, and Laguerre polynomials, frequently used in approximation theory, numerical computation, and signal analysis [1– 10]’. keywords: sla; u h; w h; ϕ=0 cache: ejpam-6410.pdf plain text: ejpam-6410.txt item: #1708 of 2048 id: ejpam-6411 author: Al-Omari, Shrideh; Momani, Shaher ; Hamzeh Zureigat; Mohammad, Mona ; ., Khandaqji; Al-Smadi, Mohammed title: A study of a Coupled System of Fractional Differential Equations with Two Points Integral Boundary Conditions date: 2025 words: 6162 flesch: 80 summary: ∫ H 0 ∫ = τ Λ ( ζη ∫ µ 0 (µ− s)β−2 Γ(β − 1) y(s) ds− η ∫ H 0 ∫ keywords: fractional; system; γ(β cache: ejpam-6411.pdf plain text: ejpam-6411.txt item: #1709 of 2048 id: ejpam-6413 author: Samraiz, Muhammad; Atta, Tahira ; Naheed, Saima; Rahman, Gauhar; Vivas-Cortez, Miguel title: Hermite-Hadamard Inequalities  via Riemann-Liouville Fractional Integrals with Generalized Convex Functions date: 2025 words: 8140 flesch: 79 summary: It has been demonstrated that fractional integral inequalities are one of the best tools for the growth of many fields of pure and applied mathematics. Applications to special means, fractional integral inequalities for differentiable convex maps and midpoint formulas were explored in [17], while the in- tegral inequality of the Ostrowski’s type and Hermite-Hadamard integral inequality were investigated in [18, 19]. keywords: ā)2; inequalities; θ + cache: ejpam-6413.pdf plain text: ejpam-6413.txt item: #1710 of 2048 id: ejpam-6414 author: Sajjad, Muhammad; Abid, Muhammad Shoaib; Alammari, Maha ; Serna , Robinson Julian title: Structural Insights and Decoding Strategies for BCH Codes over Quasi-Galois Rings date: 2025 words: 7352 flesch: 70 summary: Our findings demonstrate the ability of BCH codes under QGR to provide high reliability and performance for the communication systems, which will make them a candidate for future use in data transmission and storage. This section is devoted to the discussion of major achievements and the state of the progress as well as the results of recent decades in the study of BCH codes over different algebraic structures. keywords: a(2; bch; bch codes; codes; cyclic; decoding; error; galois; polynomial; rings; sajjad cache: ejpam-6414.pdf plain text: ejpam-6414.txt item: #1711 of 2048 id: ejpam-6417 author: Algefary, Ali; Alhumaidan, Tulin title: A Characterization of Diagonal Solutions for a Class of Linear Matrix Inequality date: 2025 words: 3361 flesch: 61 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6417 3 of 10 matrix, we write positive diagonal matrix since it is clear that a diagonal positive definite matrix has all its diagonal elements positive. We say that the triple (A1, A2, A3) admits a positive diagonal solution if there exist positive diagonal matrices P1, P2, P3 ∈ Rn×n such that the block matrix AT 1 P1 + P1A1 + P2 + P3 P1A2 P1A3 AT 2 P1 −P2 0 AT 3 P1 0 keywords: matrix cache: ejpam-6417.pdf plain text: ejpam-6417.txt item: #1712 of 2048 id: ejpam-642 author: Zhu, Rong; Zhang, Jin; Zhang, Da; Yan, Guohua title: Stepwise Variable Selection for Loglinear Mixture in Record Linkage date: 2010 words: 10040 flesch: 67 summary: 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62F07, 62F10, 62J99, 62P25 Key Words and Phrases: record linkage, loglinear mixture models, EM algorithm, model selection, alternatively climbing pathways ∗Corresponding author. These questions lead to the model selection for loglinear mixture models in record linkage. keywords: comparison; data; interactions; linkage; loglinear; mixture; model; pairs; record; zhang cache: ejpam-642.pdf plain text: ejpam-642.txt item: #1713 of 2048 id: ejpam-6422 author: Mohammed, Wael; Alshammary, M. W. ; Matouk, Ahmed E. ; Iqbal, Naveed title: Abundant Solitary Solutions for the Fractional Unidirectional Wave Model Using in Oceanography, Coastal engineering, and Meteorology date: 2025 words: 4167 flesch: 79 summary: Exact periodic wave solutions to the coupled schrödinger-kdv equation and ds equations. Exp-function method for nonlinear wave equations. keywords: γ(κ; ρ3z cache: ejpam-6422.pdf plain text: ejpam-6422.txt item: #1714 of 2048 id: ejpam-6423 author: Abbas, Nadeem; Shatanawi, Wasfi; Zanib, Syeda Alishwa title: A Spatiotemporal Framework for Malaria Control Integrating Exposure Heterogeneity and Optimal Strategy Deployment date: 2025 words: 11654 flesch: 64 summary: − ϕM EF − (m1 +m3)ϵF EF ] + Ξ9[−(m1 +m3)ϵF IF + ϕM EF ]. (5.39) Where (Ξi), i = 1, 2, . . . HM , (5.33) dRM dt = ηMEht + δMHM − ϵMRM − ωMRM , (5.34) dSF dt = λF −m3 ( αMβMSF IM TF + αMβMRMSF TF ) − (m1 +m3)ϵFSF , (5.35) dEF dt = m3 ( αMβMSF IM TF + αMβMRMSF TF ) keywords: control; control control; humans; m2 0; malaria; time; tio; transmission; zanib cache: ejpam-6423.pdf plain text: ejpam-6423.txt item: #1715 of 2048 id: ejpam-6425 author: Angel, Aaron; Antalan, John Rafael; Gamurot, John Loureynz; Tagle, Richard title: On the Edge-Gracefulness of Water Wheel-Type Graphs and Their Splitting Graphs date: 2025 words: 12555 flesch: 96 summary: We recall the definition of water wheel graphs (WWn) and introduces two new related graphs, the right water wheel graphs (RWWn) and left water wheel graphs (LWWn). In this paper, we used essential graph theory concepts to study the basic properties of water wheel, right water wheel, and left water wheel graphs, and their splitting graphs. keywords: -0.33; angel; appl; edge; equation; eur; graceful; graceful labeling; graph; labeling; math; n1 +; pure; splitting; theorem; water wheel; wheel graph cache: ejpam-6425.pdf plain text: ejpam-6425.txt item: #1716 of 2048 id: ejpam-6429 author: Hamja, Jamil; Sheikholeslami, Seyed Mahmoud; Esmaeili, Mina; Volkmann, Lutz; Aniversario, Imelda; Bugo, Lucille title: Generous Roman Domination Subdivision Number in Graph date: 2025 words: 9157 flesch: 81 summary: These findings not only extended the appli- cability of generous Roman domination to broader classes of graphs, but also established meaningful links between classical domination parameters and this new variant. [12, 13] demonstrate the rapid development of generous Roman domination as a promising research direction. keywords: domination; function; grd; weight cache: ejpam-6429.pdf plain text: ejpam-6429.txt item: #1717 of 2048 id: ejpam-6433 author: Gabeleh, Moosa; Markin, Jack; Aphane, Maggie title: Revisiting Best Proximity Results of Relatively Meir-Keeler Condensing Operators in Hyperconvex Spaces date: 2025 words: 7382 flesch: 76 summary: Since TRp ∈ G and TRq ∈ H, we have Rp = TRp and Rq = TRq. We first prove that if (G,H) is a nonempty, compact and hyperconvex pair of subsets of a hyperconvex metric space (M, d), then every cyclic relatively u-continuous mapping T defined on G ∪H has a best proximity point. keywords: hyperconvex; nonempty; pair; space; theorem cache: ejpam-6433.pdf plain text: ejpam-6433.txt item: #1718 of 2048 id: ejpam-6434 author: Al-Marzouki, Sanaa ; Ahmad, Sohaib title: An Enhanced Class of Estimators for the Population Mean Using Neutrosophic Statistics: A Case Study of the Islamabad Stock Exchange date: 2025 words: 6420 flesch: 66 summary: A novel method for con- ducting neutrosophic analysis of variance has been introduced within the framework of neutrosophic data Aslam [30]. Further information on neutrosophic data is available in references Tahir et al. keywords: cxn; data; estimators; mse; neutrosophic; values; ρyxn cache: ejpam-6434.pdf plain text: ejpam-6434.txt item: #1719 of 2048 id: ejpam-6436 author: Al Subaiei, Bana; Almulhim, Ahlam ; Shah, Aftab; Ul Haq, Syed title: On Po-injective and Po-surjective Wreath Product of Pomonoids date: 2025 words: 7629 flesch: 87 summary: If r ∈ R is not left po-cancellable then (r, c1) ∈ T is not left po-cancellable. Now suppose that ra ≤ ra′ and a ≰ a′, where r ∈ R and a, a′ ∈ A. Also let f(a)b ≤ f(a′)b′ for some b, b′ ∈ B. Then, B. Al Subaiei et al. / Eur. keywords: acts; left cache: ejpam-6436.pdf plain text: ejpam-6436.txt item: #1720 of 2048 id: ejpam-6438 author: Elrokh, Ashraf; S. Almotairi, Eman; Mostafa, Hoda title: Computing Metric and Connected Metric Dimension of Some Graphs date: 2025 words: 6454 flesch: 86 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C78, 05C15 Key Words and Phrases: Algebraic Graph, metric basis, resolving set, metric dimensions, Connected metric dimensions, Algorithm, Network security, Edge Computing 1. Connected metric dimension of C4 ⊙ C5. keywords: ui1; vertices cache: ejpam-6438.pdf plain text: ejpam-6438.txt item: #1721 of 2048 id: ejpam-6439 author: Ando, Shuji title: Anti-Linear-Diagonals-Parameter Symmetry Model and Orthogonal Decomposition of Anti-Symmetry for Square Contingency Tables with Ordinal Classifications date: 2025 words: 5260 flesch: 70 summary: Accordingly, we are interested in applying the AS, ACS, ADPS, and ALDPS models to the dataset in Table 3. Four kinds of symmetry models and their decompositions in a square contingency table with ordered categories. keywords: aldps; anti; diagonal; model; symmetry; table cache: ejpam-6439.pdf plain text: ejpam-6439.txt item: #1722 of 2048 id: ejpam-6440 author: Qawasmeh, Tariq; Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman title: Fixed Point Theory in MR-Metric Spaces Fundamental Theorems and Applications to Integral Equations and Neutron Transport date: 2025 words: 5633 flesch: 69 summary: Main Results This section presents the fundamental theorems that constitute the core contributions of our work in MR-metric spaces. By the Banach fixed-point theorem in MR-metric spaces (Theorem 1), T has a unique fixed point f∗ ∈ C([a, b]). keywords: contraction; metric; point; spaces; theorem cache: ejpam-6440.pdf plain text: ejpam-6440.txt item: #1723 of 2048 id: ejpam-6441 author: Mudhesh, Mustafa; Arshad, Muhammad; Hussain, Aftab; Alsulami, Hamed title: The Existence of Solutions for Second-order Differential Equations under Almost Fisher-Type Multivalued F-Contractions in Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 7573 flesch: 81 summary: A map Γ : ∆ℜ → ∆ℜ is said to be an F -contraction if there exists τ ∈ R+ such that ∀ς1, ς2 ∈ ∆ℜ, d(Γς1,Γς2) > 0 ⇒ τ + F (Γς1,Γς2) ≤ F (d (ς1, ς2)), where ∆w is the family of functions F : R+ → R satisfying the assumptions below: (F1) A map Γ : ∆ℜ → ∆ℜ is called an almost Fisher- type F -contraction endowed with a Γ-transitive binary relation ℜ, If there exist τ ∈ R+, F ∈ ∆w and λ1, λ2, L ≥ 0 with λ1 + λ2 ≤ 1 such that for all (ς1, ς2) ∈ ℜ∗ = {(ς1, ς2) ∈ ℜ : ς1, ς2 ∈ ∆ℜ\Fix (Γ)} , we have τ + F (d(Γς1,Γς2)) keywords: relation ℜ; ∆ℜ ×∆ℜ cache: ejpam-6441.pdf plain text: ejpam-6441.txt item: #1724 of 2048 id: ejpam-6447 author: Samia Bushnaq; Sameera Bano; Zeb, Anwar title: Analysis of a Smoking Dynamics Model with Age-Dependent Incidence Function date: 2025 words: 4355 flesch: 64 summary: Thus we can bound dV dt by dV dt ≤ −(σ + µ)(E − E∗)2 − (I − I∗)2(γ + µ) + 1 2ϵ(λS − λ∗S∗)2 +σ 2 (E − E∗)2 + σ 2 (I − I∗)2, =⇒ dV dt ≤ −( σ 2 + µ)(E − E∗)2 − (γ + µ− σ 2 )(I − I∗)2 Qualitative behavior of giving up smoking models. keywords: model; smoking; β(a cache: ejpam-6447.pdf plain text: ejpam-6447.txt item: #1725 of 2048 id: ejpam-6451 author: Ullah, Atta; Sakidin, Hamzah; Gul, Shehza; N. Alharthi, Thoraya; S. Metwally, Diaa ; Hamed, Yaman; Shah, Kamal; Sambas, Aceng title: Exploring the Effectiveness of an Optimal Control Model for Marijuana Consumption date: 2025 words: 12587 flesch: 59 summary: This comparison provides a clear measure of how optimal control techniques enhance the model’s ability to reduce marijuana use more effectively than the existing basic model. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 92D25, 92D30, 93B30, 93C95, 91A80 Key Words and Phrases: Basic mathematical model, basic reproduction number, sensitivity analysis, optimal control model, marijuana consumption ∗Corresponding author. The overall distribution of weights aligns with commonly adopted practices in related optimal control models [50, 75]. keywords: appl; class; control; eur; individuals; marijuana; math; model; non; pure; rate; smokers; time; u ∗; ullah; use; users cache: ejpam-6451.pdf plain text: ejpam-6451.txt item: #1726 of 2048 id: ejpam-6452 author: Nilsrakoo, Weerayuth; Nilsrakoo, Achariya title: Integral Representations of Generalizations of Pell Num-bers and their Companion Numbers date: 2025 words: 6305 flesch: 82 summary: Since ∆2 k = k2 + 4k − 4 = k2 + 4(k − 1) > 0 for k ≥ 2, this equation has two roots, r1 = k + ∆k 2 = σk and r2 = k − ∆k 2 = (k − ∆k) − k = 0. (4) keywords: nilsrakoo; numbers; pell cache: ejpam-6452.pdf plain text: ejpam-6452.txt item: #1727 of 2048 id: ejpam-6456 author: Hatamleh, Raed ; Alqawaqneh, Haitham ; Nasir Odat2 Odat, Nasir Odat; Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa ; Abdelfattah, Walid ; Elashiry, M. I. ; Hasnaoui, Abdelhalim title: A New Approach to Vague Soft Rough Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 7794 flesch: 76 summary: To enhance understanding of this study, numerous examples are provided. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03E72, 06E25, 54A40, 54H05 Key Words and Phrases: Rough sets, vague soft rough sets, vague soft rough topology. The layout of this paper is systematized as follows, Section 2, implies some basic defini- tions including soft set, rough set, vague soft sets and some operations on vague soft sets which are necessary for the up-coming section. keywords: apr; sets; vague cache: ejpam-6456.pdf plain text: ejpam-6456.txt item: #1728 of 2048 id: ejpam-6458 author: Andelic, Milica; M. da Fonseca, Carlos; Futorny, Vyacheslav; Tsylke, Andrew title: Gelfand-Tsetlin Modules for Lie Algebras of Rank 2 date: 2025 words: 11932 flesch: 83 summary: , c5 via c4, c3, c2, c1, h1, h3, z1 in U ′ 0: c12 =− c10 − c2 − 2c8 + Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6458 10 of 21 z2 = c5 + c4 + 1 3 (h1 − h2)c3 − 1 3 (6 + 2h1 + h2)c2 + 1 3 (h1 + 2h2)c1 + 1 27 (−h2 − 3 + h1)(6 + 2h1 + h2)(h1 + 2h2) (4.14) Using the relations (4.1)-(4.14), we can reduce the number of generators of U0(g): applying (4.2), (4.13), and (4.14) we can exclude c3, c4, c5 from all other relations. keywords: elements; modules; monomials; set; weight cache: ejpam-6458.pdf plain text: ejpam-6458.txt item: #1729 of 2048 id: ejpam-6461 author: Al-Labadi , Manal; Audeh , Wasim; Al-Naimi , Raja'a ; Oudetallah, Jamal; Almuhur, Eman ; Khan, Nazneen title: Some Refinements for Numerical Radius Inequalities of Operators date: 2025 words: 4160 flesch: 80 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6461 12 of 13 References [1] M. Al-Labadi, R. Al-Naimi and W. Audeh, Singular value inequalities for generalized anticommutators, J Inequal Appl, 15(2025). [8] W. Audeh, Singular value inequalities for operators and matrices, Ann. keywords: inequalities; inequality cache: ejpam-6461.pdf plain text: ejpam-6461.txt item: #1730 of 2048 id: ejpam-6462 author: Anakira, Nidal ; Amourah, Ala ; Almalki, Adel ; Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Sasa, Tala title: Exact Solutions of Nonlinear Delay Voltera Integro-Differential Equations Using Modified Homotopy Perturbation Method date: 2025 words: 5342 flesch: 59 summary: − F (r) is named deformation, Furthermore, L(u) − L (v0) and N. Anakira et al. / Eur. = −x2 8 − 5x3 64 + 5x4 768 + 19x5 12288 − 7x6 184320 − 383x7 41287680 + 5x8 33030144 + 307x9 9512681472 − 97x10 237817036800 − 6143x11 83711596953600 + x12 502269581721600 , (31) u′3(x) = − x3 192 − 47x4 12288 + 329x5 122880 − 941x6 4718592 − 22217x7 165150720 + 471809x8 84557168640 + 1963291x9 761014517760 − 22998401x10 487049291366400 − 47100961x11 1785847401676800 + 37961641x12 164583696538533888 + 9442463747x13 53489701375023513600 − 25965661x14 34038900875014963200 − 1419107x15 1687625794584576000 + 24349x16 18001341808902144000 + 639917x17 229517108063502336000 − 17x18 11572291162865664000 − 2085431x19 337725745297071538176000 + 51622011x21 51843864409638174720000 + x22 209034461299661120471040000 − 1 2281130034024079687680000 + x23 161175523684005374412718080000 , (32) Up to the n′th order problem, and by solving these problems and substituting them in (??) , we have the HPM approximate solutions of order five ũ(x) = 1− x2 2 + x4 24 − x6 720 + x7 5284823040 + 133153x8 keywords: anakira; differential; equations; error; homotopy; hpm; method; nonlinear; order; solution cache: ejpam-6462.pdf plain text: ejpam-6462.txt item: #1731 of 2048 id: ejpam-6466 author: Liaqat, Muhammad Imran ; Baleanu, Dumitru; Yousif, Majeed Ahmad; Mohammed, Pshtiwan Othman title: Stability Results for Stochastic Delay Differential Equations in the Framework of Conformable Fractional Derivatives date: 2025 words: 10551 flesch: 68 summary: This conformity facilitates the development and analysis of fractional stochastic differential equations (FSDEs), as it allows researchers to leverage their existing knowledge and techniques from classical calculus. Qualitative analysis of fractional stochastic differential equations with variable order fractional derivative. keywords: differential; equations; fractional; sim; solutions; stochastic cache: ejpam-6466.pdf plain text: ejpam-6466.txt item: #1732 of 2048 id: ejpam-6470 author: Alammari, Maha; Sajjad, Muhammad; Abdalrahem, Mushtaq K. ; Julian Serna, Robinson title: Multiple RGB Images Security based on Substitution–Permutation Network over the Residue Classes of Eisenstein Integer Z[Ω]π date: 2025 words: 10897 flesch: 51 summary: Un- like text encryption, image encryption must handle large data volumes, spatial redundancy, and high inter-pixel correlation. Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6470 3 of 30 of chaotic maps, conservative hyperchaotic systems, Knuth–Durstenfeld algorithms, and Hopfield neural networks in image encryption has also been widely studied [11–16]. keywords: alammari; appl; boxes; eisenstein; encryption; eur; image; integers; linear; math; original; pixel; pure; rgb; security; table cache: ejpam-6470.pdf plain text: ejpam-6470.txt item: #1733 of 2048 id: ejpam-6472 author: Prachumdang, Pongsaphat; Pibaljommee, Bundit title: An Inductive Product of Terms date: 2025 words: 7884 flesch: 84 summary: Thus, t ·rs q ∈ W r,s τ (Xn). Let r, s ∈ Wτ (Xn) be fixed terms and t ∈ W r,s τ (Xn). keywords: r ∈; rs q; rs t cache: ejpam-6472.pdf plain text: ejpam-6472.txt item: #1734 of 2048 id: ejpam-6473 author: Sameera Bano; Siddiqui, Shifa; Zeb, Anwar; Alharthi, Thoraya N. ; Ilyas Khan; Oqilat, Osama ; Wei Sin Koh title: Optimal Control Strategies in a Nonlinear Smoking Cessation Model date: 2025 words: 12237 flesch: 76 summary: = ( a0 B1 )2 [(b1 − b4)a1 − (b̄1 − b̄4)ā1] 2, ≤ B4[(a1 − ā1) 2 + (b1 − b̄1) 2 + (b4 − b̄4) 2]. For third eigen value, we have λ3 = βζP ∗(1 + 2νS∗)r1 − r1r2r3 − r2r3βS ∗(1 + νS∗), S. Bano et al. / Eur. keywords: appl; bano; control; delay; equilibrium; eur; math; model; pure; rate; smokers; smoking; system cache: ejpam-6473.pdf plain text: ejpam-6473.txt item: #1735 of 2048 id: ejpam-6475 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman title: Enhanced Uncertainty Modeling through Neutrosophic MR-Metrics: A Unified Framework with Fuzzy Embedding and Contraction Principles date: 2025 words: 5985 flesch: 74 summary: A 3-tuple (Z, T , ∗) is a Fuzzy Metric Space if: • Z is a non-empty set, • ∗ is a continuous t-norm, • T : Z × Z × (0,∞) → [0, 1] satisfies: (i) T (υ, ξ, γ) = 1 ⇐⇒ υ = ξ, (ii) T (υ, ξ, γ) = T (ξ, υ, γ), (iii) T (υ, ξ, γ) ∗ T (ξ,ℑ, ρ) ≤ T (υ,ℑ, γ + ρ), (iv) limγ→∞ T (υ, ξ, γ) = 1. A. Malkawi / Eur. → [0, 1] satisfy: (N1) T (υ, ξ, γ) = 1 ⇐⇒ υ = ξ (Truth-Identity). keywords: m(υ; metric cache: ejpam-6475.pdf plain text: ejpam-6475.txt item: #1736 of 2048 id: ejpam-6476 author: Kaviyarasu, M. ; R. , Venitha; Alqahtani, Mohammed title: Detecting of Rumours in Social Media via Neutrosophic Hesitance Distance Measures date: 2025 words: 7326 flesch: 71 summary: [0, 1] with the condition for the collection of NFSs D1, D2, D3 ∈ D(B) i. 0 ≤ dH(D1, D2) ≤ 1, dH(D1, D2) = 0 ⇐⇒ D1 = D2. ii. Let D1 and D2 be two NFSs on B and then NF product of D1 and D2 is D1 ◦D2 defined by D1 ◦D2 = TD1(d) ◦ TD2(d) keywords: dh(d1; distance; hesitance; i=1 cache: ejpam-6476.pdf plain text: ejpam-6476.txt item: #1737 of 2048 id: ejpam-6477 author: Al-Marzouki, Sanaa ; Ahmad, Sohaib title: Developing a Generalized Class of Estimators for Estimation of Population Mean using Neutrosophic Approach date: 2025 words: 6102 flesch: 65 summary: Making use of neutrosophic data, we propose a generalized class of estimators for the population mean under simple random sampling. A novel method of analyzing neutrosophic data via analysis of variance was introduced [30]. keywords: ahmad; data; estimators; mean; neutrosophic; statistics cache: ejpam-6477.pdf plain text: ejpam-6477.txt item: #1738 of 2048 id: ejpam-6479 author: Al-Omeri, Wadei Faris; Kaviyarasu, M.; Venitha, R. title: A Degree-Based Exponential Fuzzy Graph for Pollution Impact Analysis date: 2025 words: 9543 flesch: 77 summary: Some fundamental aspects such as vertex degree, order and size are explored in relation to the idea of exponential fuzzy graphs (EFGs). In this study, we introduce the innovative idea of exponential fuzzy graphs. keywords: fuzzy; graph; membership; vertex cache: ejpam-6479.pdf plain text: ejpam-6479.txt item: #1739 of 2048 id: ejpam-6480 author: Dar, Javid; Alsheikh, Sara Mohamed Ahmed; Jadhav, Prakash title: Mathai-Haubold Interval Entropy and Related Inequalities date: 2025 words: 4992 flesch: 71 summary: Using (2.2), we get Kα (X; t1, t2) = 1 α− 1 [ t2 − t1 (t2 − t1) 2−α Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6480 4 of 14 Given that a system has survived up to time t1 and has been found to be down at time t2, then K (X; t1, t2) measures the uncertainty about its lifetimes between t1 and t2. keywords: entropy; t2 t1 cache: ejpam-6480.pdf plain text: ejpam-6480.txt item: #1740 of 2048 id: ejpam-6481 author: Shah, Sajid Ali; Rehman, Nasir; Ahmad, Sadique ; A.Elaffendi, Mohammed ; Ateya, Abdelhamied Ashraf title: Fractional Discrete Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Hepatitis B and C Dynamics with Neural Network Approximation date: 2025 words: 6928 flesch: 73 summary: For t ∈ [ξ − 1, b+ ξ]Nξ−1 , one has |g(t)− ḡ(t)| = ∣∣∣g(t)− ( g(0) + 1 Γ(ξ) t−ξ∑ s=0 (t− s− 1)ξ−1F (s + ξ − 1, g(s + ξ − 1)) )∣∣∣, ≤ Dψϵ+ 1 Γ(ξ) t−ξ∑ s=0 (t− s− 1)ξ−1 × |F (s + ξ − 1, g(s + ξ − 1))− F (s + ξ − 1, ḡ(s + ξ − 1))|, ≤ Dψϵ+ 1 Γ(ξ) t−ξ∑ s=0 (t− s− 1)ξ−1K∥g − ḡ∥ (18) which further means ∥g − ḡ∥ ≤ [ Dψ 1−KDψ ] ϵ = Dgϵ. (19) Also set Dg = Dψ 1−KDψ > 0, we conclude that solution of (2) is UH stable. = ηH(t+ ξ − 1)V (t+ ξ − 1)− γI(t+ ξ − 1), C∆ξR(t) keywords: data; fractional; nns; outputs; targets; γ(ξ cache: ejpam-6481.pdf plain text: ejpam-6481.txt item: #1741 of 2048 id: ejpam-6483 author: Hatamleh, Raed ; Odat, Nasir ; Abujabal, Hamza Ali ; khan, Faria ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa ; M. Attaalfadeel, Husham M. ; Hasnaoui, Abdelhalim title: Fermatean Double-Valued Neutrosophic Soft Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 12348 flesch: 72 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A05 Key Words and Phrases: Fuzzy set, Fermatean fuzzy soft set, neutrosophic soft set, Fermatean double valued neutrosophic soft set, Fermatean double valued neutrosophic soft union, Fermatean double valued neutrosophic soft intersection, AND operator, OR operator, Fermatean double valued neutrosophic soft topological space ∗Corresponding author. [16], neutrosophic soft sets keywords: 0.9⟩; neutrosophic; set; sets; vol; ⟨x1; ⟨x2; ⟨x3 cache: ejpam-6483.pdf plain text: ejpam-6483.txt item: #1742 of 2048 id: ejpam-6484 author: Hatamleh, Raed ; Odat, Nasir ; Al-Husban, Abdallah ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa ; M. Attaalfadeel, Husham ; Abdelfattah, Walid ; M. Abdel-Mageed, Ahmad. title: Mapping Love: A Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Machine Learning Study of University Students’ Romantic Sensations date: 2025 words: 8890 flesch: 56 summary: [6] Wang, H.; Smarandache, F.; Zhang, Y.; Sunderraman, R. Single valued neutrosophic sets. [4] filled in this gap by introducing extremely a new theory which is known as neutrosophic set theory (NST).One effective mathematical paradigm for handling partial, ambiguous, uncertain, or confusing data is (NST). keywords: appl; clustering; data; feelings; fuzzy; math; neutrosophic; set; sets; svhns; values cache: ejpam-6484.pdf plain text: ejpam-6484.txt item: #1743 of 2048 id: ejpam-6486 author: Moussaoui, Abdelhamid; Pantović, Mirjana ; Radenović, Stojan title: Contractive Operators Controlled by Simulation Functions in Fuzzy Metric Spaces with Transitive $\mathcal{K}$-Closed Binary Relations date: 2025 words: 6810 flesch: 76 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6486 3 of 18 For any s, t ∈ E, if (s, t) ∈ R, we say that s is related to t via R, often denoted sRt. The relation is antisymmetric if for all s, t ∈ E , the conditions sRt and tRs imply s = t. Additionally, R is complete if for every s, t ∈ E , the pair [s, t] belongs to R. Finally, given a self-mapping K : E → E , the relation R is said to be K-closed if whenever (s, t) ∈ R, it follows that (Ks,Kt) ∈ R for all s, t ∈ E . keywords: metric; relation cache: ejpam-6486.pdf plain text: ejpam-6486.txt item: #1744 of 2048 id: ejpam-6487 author: Danach, Kassem ; Aly, Wael Hosny Fouad; Haddad, Samir title: Mathematical Modeling and Genetic Algorithm-Based Hyperheuristic Optimization for Quality of Service and Load Balancing in Cloud Communication Networks date: 2025 words: 9238 flesch: 41 summary: RR assigns tasks cyclically without considering task size or server load, leading to potential inefficiencies. Deep reinforcement learning for cloud load balancing. keywords: allocation; aly; balancing; cloud; cloud computing; computing; framework; gahoqos; heuristic; latency; load; min; optimization; performance; qos; resource; server; service; task; time cache: ejpam-6487.pdf plain text: ejpam-6487.txt item: #1745 of 2048 id: ejpam-6488 author: Begaidarov, Muminbek ; Bibulova, Dana; Kalimbetov, Burkhan title: Asymptotic Solutions to a Singularly Perturbed Partial Integro-Differential Equation with a Rapidly Oscillating Right-Hand Side date: 2025 words: 7398 flesch: 73 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6488 13 of 20 ≤ c0k0 x∫ x0 ||w(ζ, ε)||dζ + c0k1 x∫ x0 ζ∫ x0 ||w(s, ε)||dsdζ+ + X0 ε c0||Φ(x, ε)||C[x0,X]×[0,T ] ≤ c0k0 x∫ x0 ||w(s, ε)||ds+ +c0k1 x∫ x0 x∫ x0 ||w(s, ε)||dsdζ + c0X0 ε ||Φ(x, ε)||C[x0,X]×[0,T ] ≤ ≤ c0k0 x∫ x0 ||w(s, ε)||ds+ c0k1 X∫ x0 x∫ x0 ||w(s, ε)||dsdζ+ + c0X0 ε ||Φ(x, ε)||C[x0,X]×[0,T ] ≤ (c0k0 + c0k1X0) x∫ x0 ||w(s, ε)||ds+ + c0X0 ε ||Φ(x, ε)||C[x0,X]×[0,T ] where X0 = X − x0, ||K(x, t, s)||C[x0,X]×[0,T ] = k0, ||∂K(x,t,s) ∂x ||C[x0,X]×[0,T ] = k1. ∂u ∂τj − λ1(x)u− x∫ x0 K(x, t, s)u(s, t, ψ(s)ε , ε)ds = h1(x, t)+ +h2(x, t)e τ2σ, u(x0, t, 0, ε) = y0(t), ( (x, t) ∈ keywords: differential; equation; kalimbetov; problem; solution cache: ejpam-6488.pdf plain text: ejpam-6488.txt item: #1746 of 2048 id: ejpam-6489 author: Balamurugan, M. ; Ellammal, G. ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Tripolar Complex Fuzzy Lie Subalgebras of Lie Algebras date: 2025 words: 8070 flesch: 90 summary: Then f ( ⟨⟨ξP̃ג , ξ P ̃ג ⟩⟩ ) (η̃) = sup { ⟨⟨ξP̃ג , ξ P ̃ג ⟩⟩(ϕ̃) | f(ϕ̃) = η̃ } = sup { sup { min { ξP̃ג (ε̃), ξ P ̃ג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃1, [ε̃, ς̃] = ϕ̃, f(ϕ̃) = η̃ }} = sup { min { ξP̃ג (ε̃), ξ P ̃ג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃, [ε̃, ς̃] = ϕ̃, f(ϕ̃) = η̃ } = sup { min { ξP̃ג (ε̃), ξ P ̃ג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃1, [f(ε̃), f(ς̃)] = η̃ } = sup { min { ξP̃ג (ε̃), ξ P ̃ג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃1, f(ε̃) = ϖ̃, f(ς̃) = ϑ̃, [ϖ̃, ϑ̃] = η̃ } ≥ sup { min { sup ε̃∈f−1(ϖ̃) ξP̃ג (ε̃), sup ς̃∈f−1(ϑ̃) ξP̃ג (ς̃) } = η̃ } = inf { inf { max { ξÑג (ε̃), ξÑג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃1, [ε̃, ς̃] = ϕ̃, f(ϕ̃) = η̃ }} = inf { max { ξÑג (ε̃), ξÑג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃1, [ε̃, ς̃] = ϕ̃, f(ϕ̃) = η̃ } = inf { max { ξÑג (ε̃), ξÑג (ς̃) } | ε̃, ς̃ ∈ L̃1, [f(ε̃), f(ς̃)] = η̃ } = inf { max { ξÑג (ε̃), ξÑג (ς̃) } | f(ε̃) = ϖ̃, f(ς̃) = ϑ̃, [ϖ̃, ϑ̃] = η̃ } ≤ inf { max { inf ε̃∈f−1(ϖ̃) ξÑג (ε̃), inf ς̃∈f−1(ϑ̃) ξÑג (ς̃) } | [ϖ̃, ϑ̃] = η̃ } = inf { max { f(ξÑג (ϖ̃)), f(ξÑג (ϑ̃)) } | [ϖ̃, ϑ̃] = η̃ } = ⟨⟨f(ξÑג ), f(ξÑג )⟩⟩(η̃). keywords: inf; j∈n; lie; η̃j; ξñג; ξp̃ג cache: ejpam-6489.pdf plain text: ejpam-6489.txt item: #1747 of 2048 id: ejpam-6490 author: W. Mohammed, Wael ; Khalifa, Abeer; Alshammari, Hijyah ; Ahmed, Hamdy M. ; S. Algolam, Mohamed ; Elbarougy, Reda ; Ahmed, Karim title: Innovative Solitary Wave Solutions for the (3+1)-Dimensional Boussinesq Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-Type Equation Derived via the Improved Modified Extended Tanh-Function Method date: 2025 words: 8910 flesch: 68 summary: Several traveling wave and soliton solutions are derived and discussed. Construction of soliton solutions and periodic solutions of the boussinesq equa- tion by the modified decomposition method. keywords: equation; soliton; solutions; ℵz −; − ωt cache: ejpam-6490.pdf plain text: ejpam-6490.txt item: #1748 of 2048 id: ejpam-6492 author: Demirtürk, Bahar; Topal, Nazim title: Product Difference Fibonacci Identities Revisited: Quaternionic Generalizations of Everman and Koshy date: 2025 words: 7317 flesch: 79 summary: Using the Binet formula and the relation αβ = −q, we have Un−1Un+1 − U2 n = (αn−1 − βn−1)(αn+1 − βn+1) (α − β)2 − (αn − βn)2 (α − β)2 = α2n + β2n − αn−1βn+1 − αn+1βn−1 (α − β)2 − α2n + β2n − 2αnβn (α − β)2 = −αn+1βn−1 − αn−1βn+1 + 2αnβn (α − β)2 = −(αβ)n−1 α2 + β2 − 2αβ (α − β)2 Using the Binet formula and αβ = −q, we have Un−rUn+r − U2 n = (αn−r − βn−r)(αn+r − βn+r) (α − β)2 − (αn − βn)2 (α − β)2 = α2n + β2n − αn−rβn+r − αn+rβn−r (α − β)2 − α2n + β2n − 2αnβn (α − β)2 = −αn+rβn−r − αn−rβn+r + 2αnβn (α − β)2 = −(αβ)n−r α2r + β2r − 2αrβr (α − β)2 = −(αβ)n−r ( αr − βr α − β )2 = −(αβ)n−r(Ur)2 = −(−q)n−rU2 r . keywords: fibonacci; identities; lucas; numbers; quaternions; sequences; theorem; α −; β)2 cache: ejpam-6492.pdf plain text: ejpam-6492.txt item: #1749 of 2048 id: ejpam-6493 author: Petapirak, Montakarn; Khan, Arbaz Jehan ; Chinram, Ronnason title: A Note on Quotient Ternary Semirings and Isomorphism Theorems date: 2025 words: 4143 flesch: 83 summary: In this paper, we present a variety of notions of quotient ternary semirings, along with examples and remarks. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 16Y60, 16Y99 Key Words and Phrases: Q-ideals, congruences, k-ideals, quotient ternary semirings, isomor- phism theorems 1. keywords: ker(φ; semirings; ternary cache: ejpam-6493.pdf plain text: ejpam-6493.txt item: #1750 of 2048 id: ejpam-6495 author: Aly, Wael Hosny Fouad; Samashvili, Nino; Riman, Chadi title: Improving Wheelchair Mobility through Enhanced Kalman Filtering date: 2025 words: 8982 flesch: 51 summary: [13], where a differential scheme using space-time block cod- ing was introduced to minimize decoding overhead—an optimization trade-off relevant to embedded wheelchair control systems. Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6495 20 of 28 Figure 7: REFEKFPF reference model navigation in the terrain in 87 sec on uneven surfaces and 95 sec on very rough terrain. keywords: aly; ekfwc; error; f. aly; filter; indoor; kalman; model; navigation; outdoor; riman; speed; step; surface; system; terrain; velocity; wheelchair cache: ejpam-6495.pdf plain text: ejpam-6495.txt item: #1751 of 2048 id: ejpam-6497 author: Almuhur, Eman; Al-labadi, Manal ; Suleiman, Enoch; Khan, Nazneen ; Samei, Mohammad Esmael title: Almost, Weakly and Nearly Lindel¨of Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 3996 flesch: 72 summary: In 1996, Santoro and Cammaroto [9] presented the concept of weakly Lindelöf spaces (SL). Since any open cover has a countable subcover if X is Lindelöf ideal space, this trivially satisfies the nearly Lindelöf condition, making any Lindelöf ideal space nearly Lindelöf keywords: lindelöf; modulo; modulo j; spaces cache: ejpam-6497.pdf plain text: ejpam-6497.txt item: #1752 of 2048 id: ejpam-6498 author: Hussain, Maria ; Wajid, Hafiz; Aqeel, Saira title: A High-Order, Optimization-Free, Tangent Continuous Approximation of Conic Sections Using Cubic Bezier Curves date: 2025 words: 3750 flesch: 62 summary: This paper presents a high-order, optimization-free method for approximating conic sections using cubic Bézier curves. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 65D05, 65D07, 65D15, 65D17, 65D18 Key Words and Phrases: Conic section approximation, cubic Bézier curve, tangent continuity, absolute approximation error, approximation order, optimization-free method, CAD curve fitting 1. keywords: approximation; arc; bézier; cubic; curve; method cache: ejpam-6498.pdf plain text: ejpam-6498.txt item: #1753 of 2048 id: ejpam-6499 author: Almalkawi, Ahmad ; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Amourah, Ala ; Sasa, Tala title: Estimates for the Coefficients of Subclasses Defined by the q-Babalola Convolution Operator of Bi-Univalent Functions Subordinate to the q-Fibonacci Analogue date: 2025 words: 5750 flesch: 74 summary: Central to q-calculus is the deformation parameter q ∈ (0, 1), which ensures convergence and structural integrity of function classes, particularly those defined by geometric proper- ties such as starlikeness and convexity. = ℓ1z 2 + ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) z2 2 + ( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 − ℓ31 4 ) z3 2 + · · · , (21) and Υ(φ(z); q) = 1 + p̃1 [ ℓ1z 2 + ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) keywords: functions cache: ejpam-6499.pdf plain text: ejpam-6499.txt item: #1754 of 2048 id: ejpam-65 author: Ameri, Reza; Dehghan, O.R. title: On Dimension of Hypervector Spaces date: 2008 words: 7307 flesch: 89 summary: Note that (Kn,+, ◦K ,K) is a strongly distributive hypervector space with trivial ex- ternal operation ◦K , that is:{ ◦K : K ×Kn −→ P∗ (Kn) a ◦K (a1, . . , cn ∈ K, 0 ∈ c1 ◦ v1 + · · · + cn ◦ vn, implies that c1 = c2 = · · · = cn = 0. keywords: hypervector cache: ejpam-65.pdf plain text: ejpam-65.txt item: #1755 of 2048 id: ejpam-6500 author: Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Iampan, Aiyared; Oner, Tahsin ; Saeid, Arsham Borumand title: Generalized Fuzzy Subalgebras of Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras date: 2025 words: 5153 flesch: 75 summary: New fuzzy subalgebras of Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebras In this section, let H = ⟨H, |, 0⟩ denote the Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebra unless oth- erwise specified. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03G25, 03E72 Key Words and Phrases: Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebra, subalgebra, fuzzy set, fuzzy subalgebra 1. keywords: sheffer; subalgebra cache: ejpam-6500.pdf plain text: ejpam-6500.txt item: #1756 of 2048 id: ejpam-6505 author: Aamer, Ahmed; Adel, baraa; Mahrous, Samar title: Thermocapillary and Photocapillary Effects on a Spherical Droplet Embedded in a Brinkman Medium date: 2025 words: 11260 flesch: 56 summary: A consistent trend observed across all conditions is the decrease of U∗ T with increasing k, transitioning from an initial region where U∗ T exhibits near-constant values at low thermal conductivity ratio (k < 10−1) to near-zero values at high thermal conductivity ratio (k > 102). Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6505 of Figure 2: Normalized Thermocapillary velocity U∗ T versus permeability parameter α for different values of thermal conductivity ratio k at specific values of viscosity ratio(σ = 0 , σ = 3). keywords: a. s.; droplet; medium; ratio; thermocapillary; values; viscosity cache: ejpam-6505.pdf plain text: ejpam-6505.txt item: #1757 of 2048 id: ejpam-6506 author: Ansori, Moch. Fandi; Khoerul Fata, Hafidh; Ashar, Nurcahya Yulian; Herdiana, Ratna; Saleh, Khairul title: On the Dynamics of Particular Discrete Quadratic Systems with Potential Absence of Equilibria: Standard Euler versus Nonstandard Mickens Discretizations date: 2025 words: 9247 flesch: 57 summary: These results enrich the study of discrete chaotic systems and highlight the advantages of nonstandard discretization. An efficient nonstandard finite differ- ence scheme for a class of fractional chaotic systems. keywords: dynamics; equilibrium; nonstandard; parameter; scheme; stability; system cache: ejpam-6506.pdf plain text: ejpam-6506.txt item: #1758 of 2048 id: ejpam-6507 author: Bhosale, Supriya ; Lande, Chhaya Kiran; Jafari, Hossein; Raut, Dnyaneshwar title: A Fractional Smoking Transmission Model Utilizing the Caputo-Fabrizio Operator: A Comprehensive Analysis and Simulation date: 2025 words: 6477 flesch: 70 summary: Several additional researchers have contributed to the literature by developing smoking models formulated in both fractional and integer orders, enriching the understanding of behavioral dynam- ics and intervention strategies.[13] Many researchers studied smoking model using various Numerical techniques like LADM (Laplace-Adomian Decomposition method) keywords: fractional; model; q(1−; smoking; z=0; η + cache: ejpam-6507.pdf plain text: ejpam-6507.txt item: #1759 of 2048 id: ejpam-6513 author: Oudetallah, Jamal ; Almalkawi, Ahmad ; Alrababah, Rahmeh ; Amourah, Ala; Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Al Mashraf, Khaled ; Sasa, Tala title: Novel Results on D-Soft Compact Spaces date: 2025 words: 6134 flesch: 67 summary: [31] on soft submaximal and soft door spaces, Saleh and Salih [32] on c-continuity and c-compact spaces via soft sets, Al- Mufarrij and Al-Ghour [33] on regular-closed functions between soft topological spaces, and Alshammari et al. Basic Principles and Primary Notions In this section, we present the main concepts and results that we employed in our study in the theory of soft sets in soft topological spaces. keywords: compact; cover; set; sets; space cache: ejpam-6513.pdf plain text: ejpam-6513.txt item: #1760 of 2048 id: ejpam-6514 author: Yunianti, Dwi Nur; Noor Hidayat; Raden Sulaiman; Abdul Rouf Alghofari title: A Generalization of Similarity Measure in Collection of  Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets date: 2025 words: 5942 flesch: 75 summary: A collection of intuitionistic fuzzy sets is a new approach to intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. In collections of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, a similarity measure can determine the degree of similarity based on the information carried by the collections. keywords: aj)−; fuzzy; measure; sets cache: ejpam-6514.pdf plain text: ejpam-6514.txt item: #1761 of 2048 id: ejpam-6517 author: Madiha Mohi U Din; Sana Ullah ; Kan, Shema; Naveed Ahmad; Sadique Ahmad; Elaffendi, Mohammed A. title: Numerical and Statistical Sensitivity Analysis of Deterministic and Stochastic SVEITR Model for Measles Infection. date: 2025 words: 12969 flesch: 66 summary: Vj+1 = Vj + h ( c2Sj − c1Vj − µ0Vj ) , Ej+1 = Ej + h ( kSjIj M − αEj − r1Ej − µ0Ej ) , Ij+1 = Ij + h ( αEj − θ)Ij − (d1 + µ0)Ij ) , Tj+1 = Tj + h ( θIj − r2Tj − (d2 + µ0)Tj ) , Rj+1 = Rj + h ( r2Tj + r1Ej − µ0Rj ) . = αx3 − θx4 − (d1 + µ0)x4 = αx3 − (θ − d1 + µ0)x4 = αx3 − k3x4, h5(x) = θx4 − r2x5 − (d2 + µ0)x5 = θx4 − (r2 + d2 + µ0)x5 = θx4 − k4x5. keywords: appl; compartment; disease; eur; math; measles; model; mohiudin; pure; system; vaccination cache: ejpam-6517.pdf plain text: ejpam-6517.txt item: #1762 of 2048 id: ejpam-6519 author: Sultan, Babar; Hussain, Amjad ; Sultan, Mehvish; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: Boundedness of the Sublinear Operators on Anisotropic Herz-slice Spaces date: 2025 words: 3227 flesch: 81 summary: [27] Let u ∈ (0,∞), p, r ∈ (1,∞), if x0 ∈ Rn, and 1 < r0 < ∞, then the characteristic function on B (x0, r0) fulfills∥∥χB(x0,r0) Sobolev-type Theorem for commutators of Hardy operators in grand Herz spaces. keywords: sultan cache: ejpam-6519.pdf plain text: ejpam-6519.txt item: #1763 of 2048 id: ejpam-6522 author: Yar, Mohammad; Shumaila Javeed; Khan, Tanveer Abbas title: Stability Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Fractional-Order Models for Wolbachia Transmission in Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes with Seasonal Effects date: 2025 words: 8946 flesch: 67 summary: This factor thus demonstrates how the ratio of aquatic-stage mosquitoes that are WI affects the likelihood of WI mosquitoes displacing WU mosquitoes when WU males mate with WI females. However, and except for the biological implications of using insecticides, applying insecticides and destroying breeding sites have been an effective method in reducing mosquito populations. keywords: fractional; fw̄; model; mosquitoes; wolbachia cache: ejpam-6522.pdf plain text: ejpam-6522.txt item: #1764 of 2048 id: ejpam-6524 author: Saeed, Abdulkafi Mohammed; Almutairi , Shahad Saleh Ayad title: Finite Elements Method for Solving Elliptic and Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 6089 flesch: 72 summary: Figure 8: Comparison of the analytical solution and the GFEM approximation solution for wave equation The GFEM exhibits lower error rates than the FDM, which suggests that the GFEM is more reliable for solving these kinds of equations, according to tables 2 and 3. Figure 9: Graph of the numerical solution of wave equation Using FDM. keywords: equation; fdm; finite; method; solution cache: ejpam-6524.pdf plain text: ejpam-6524.txt item: #1765 of 2048 id: ejpam-6525 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman; Rabaiah, Ayat title: MR-Metric Spaces: Theory and Applications in Weighted Graphs, Expander Graphs, and Fixed-Point Theorems date: 2025 words: 4035 flesch: 70 summary: The set-valued fixed point theory developed in Theorem 2.2, extending classical results [24] (iii) Applications in expander graph analysis through coupling time metrics (Theorem 2.3) This paper makes three principal contributions: • A constructive method for generating MR-metrics on weighted graphs via minimal spanning subtrees, with applications in network optimization (Section 3.1) • A fixed-point theory for set-valued contractions in MR-metric spaces, generalizing results from [25] • New bounds on coupling times in expander graphs using MR-metric analysis, im- proving upon previous work This paper introduces the concept of MR-metric spaces, a generalization of traditional metric spaces that operates on triples of points rather than pairs. keywords: m(u; metric; point cache: ejpam-6525.pdf plain text: ejpam-6525.txt item: #1766 of 2048 id: ejpam-6526 author: Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Oudetallah, Jamal ; Amourah, Ala; Al-Naimi, Raja’a ; Al Hatmi, Mohammed ; Audeh, Wasim ; Almalkawi, Ahmad ; Sasa, Tala title: Bi-Metric Structures and Their Applications in Bitopological Contexts date: 2025 words: 7488 flesch: 65 summary: If (X,ϕ1) and (X,ϕ2) are both separable metric spaces, then (X,Ψ,⊕) forms bi-separable bi-metric system. For bi-complete bi-metric system (X,Ψ,⊕) with Ψ(x, y) = (ϕ1(x, y), ϕ2(x, y)) and ⊕ implementing component-wise addition, consider mapping T : X → X satisfying: Ψ(T (x), T (y)) ≤comp (λ1 · ϕ1(x, y), λ2 · ϕ2(x, y)) for all x, y ∈ X and constants λ1, λ2 ∈ keywords: metric; spaces; system; topology cache: ejpam-6526.pdf plain text: ejpam-6526.txt item: #1767 of 2048 id: ejpam-6527 author: Ali, Mortada S.; Elamin, Abd Elmotaleb ; Mohammed, Ibtisam title: Equivalence and Stability of Compactness in Operator Spaces over the Non-Commutative Torus date: 2025 words: 3322 flesch: 57 summary: While the classical theory of compact operators focuses on spaces of functions and matrices, the study of non-commutative operator algebras presents an intriguing new context for this theory. This study bridges these two notions and demonstrates the stability of compactness under multi-fold tensor products, which is an important feature describing the structure of non-commutative operator spaces keywords: compactness; hilbert; operator; quantum; spaces; theory cache: ejpam-6527.pdf plain text: ejpam-6527.txt item: #1768 of 2048 id: ejpam-6528 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman; Rabaiah, Ayat title: Applications of MR-Metric Spaces in Measure Theory and Convergence Analysis date: 2025 words: 4137 flesch: 63 summary: h-simulation functions and ωb-distance mappings in the setting of gb-metric spaces and application. This paper investigates the role of MR-metric spaces in the fields of measure theory and convergence analysis. keywords: m(υ; measure; metric; ξ,ℑ cache: ejpam-6528.pdf plain text: ejpam-6528.txt item: #1769 of 2048 id: ejpam-6529 author: Ahn, Sun Shin; Seo, Young Joo; Jun, Young Bae title: Weak Filters of Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set date: 2025 words: 7742 flesch: 89 summary: The notion of intuitionistic fuzzy weak filters in Sheffer stroke Hilbert alge- bras is introduced, and their properties are investigated. Conditions for an intuitionistic level set and an intuitionistic q-set to be weak filters are provided. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03B05, 03G25, 06F35, 08A72 Key Words and Phrases: Weak filter, intuitionistic fuzzy point, intuitionistic level set, intu- itionistic q-set, (0, 1)-set, intuitionistic fuzzy weak filter 1. keywords: filter cache: ejpam-6529.pdf plain text: ejpam-6529.txt item: #1770 of 2048 id: ejpam-6535 author: Ahsanullah, TMG; Al Thukair, Fawzi title: On Some Subcategories of Probabilistic Convergence Groups date: 2025 words: 12568 flesch: 80 summary: We order this set by set inclusion and we denote for p ∈ S the point filter by [p] = {F ⊆ S : p ∈ F}. If F ∈ F(S) and G ∈ F(T ), then the filter on S × T generated by the sets of the form {F × G : F ∈ F, G ∈ G} is denoted by F × G. keywords: category; e ∈; f ∈; f−1; g ∈; group; p ∈; q ∈; φ ∈; ∈ cφ; ∈ f(s; ∈ ∆+ cache: ejpam-6535.pdf plain text: ejpam-6535.txt item: #1771 of 2048 id: ejpam-6536 author: Besana, Viralou Abrille; Jamil , Ferdinand; Canoy, Sergio title: On Pairs of Disjoint Hop Dominating Sets in Graphs date: 2025 words: 7957 flesch: 87 summary: Clearly, for G ∈ G of order n, 2 ≤ γh(G) ≤ γ̃h(G) ≤ n − γh(G) ≤ n − 2. For every pair of positive integers m and n with 2 ≤ m ≤ n, there exists G ∈ G for which γh(G) keywords: dominating; dominating set; hop; set cache: ejpam-6536.pdf plain text: ejpam-6536.txt item: #1772 of 2048 id: ejpam-6538 author: Charoenpol, Aveya; Chotwattakawanit, Udom title: An MPP Monounary Algebra Induced by an Endomorphism of the Direct Product of Two Chains date: 2025 words: 4501 flesch: 91 summary: Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6538 10 of 13 � � � �� � � � �� � � � �� �� �� @ @R ����� ? ? - - r rr r r r r r r ⟲ � � � �� � � � �� � � � �� � �� ? ������ ? �� r rr r r r r r r ⟲ ? Figure 6: The MPP endomorphisms of C3 ×C3. = (j, i− 1) and ζ(m−1,m)(i, j) = (j − 1, i) are MPP endomorphisms of C2 m fixing the bottom. keywords: r r; � r; � � cache: ejpam-6538.pdf plain text: ejpam-6538.txt item: #1773 of 2048 id: ejpam-6539 author: Kalpana, K. ; Kavitha, G. title: Hybrid Power Market Forecasting Using an3 Interval-Valued Hidden Markov and Fuzzy Relational4 Particle Swarm Optimization Model date: 2025 words: 12234 flesch: 52 summary: Overall, the iHMMF-RPSO framework delivers an accurate, interpretable, and compu- tationally efficient solution for electricity market forecasting, validated on real IEX market data across both Day-Ahead Market (DAM) and Real-Time Market (RTM) scenarios. Application in Time-Series Modeling and Energy Markets In electricity market forecasting, Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are well-suited for capturing temporal dependencies and regime-switching behavior in prices and volumes. keywords: appl; eur; forecasting; frpso; ihmm; kalpana; kavitha; market; markov; math; mcp; model; optimization; particle; price; pso; pure; time cache: ejpam-6539.pdf plain text: ejpam-6539.txt item: #1774 of 2048 id: ejpam-6540 author: K., Bharani Dharan; S., Radha title: Resolving Parameters in Generalized Sierpi ́nski3 Networks Over Cycle of Length Five date: 2025 words: 7826 flesch: 72 summary: [62], certain classes of planar graphs [63], and the identification of graph network with higher dimension Additionally, researchers have investigated graph operations such as join of graph networks, lexicographic product and corona product keywords: dimension; edge; fault; graph; h c5; networks; set; sierpiński; vertices cache: ejpam-6540.pdf plain text: ejpam-6540.txt item: #1775 of 2048 id: ejpam-6541 author: Kavitha Krishnamoorthy; Muralikrishna, Prakasam title: Completeness and Compactness on Hesitant Fuzzy Normed Linear Spaces date: 2025 words: 6717 flesch: 83 summary: Conclusion We extended the foundational work on fuzzy normed linear space, initially proposed by Samanta et al., to the domain of hesitant fuzzy normed linear space and also examine the properties of completeness and compactness on hesitant fuzzy normed linear space, also address the same properties on intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy normed linear space in finite dimension using definitions, lemmas, and theorems. Consider (V,H, ∗) to become hesitant fuzzy normed space, along with W exists as a subset of V. A sequence {wn} within W converges towards y,if and only if y ∈ w. Definition 10. keywords: fuzzy; linear; normed cache: ejpam-6541.pdf plain text: ejpam-6541.txt item: #1776 of 2048 id: ejpam-6542 author: Ahmad, Sadique ; A.Elaffendi, Mohammed; Ahmad, Naveed; Shah, Ismail title: Machine Learning-Enhanced Simulation of Multi-Vector Email Malware Spread in Organizational Networks date: 2025 words: 6752 flesch: 54 summary: By replacing traditional signature-based detection with our adap- tive approach, security teams can achieve substantial improvements in threat detection while reducing false positives, our validation studies demonstrated a 28% reduction in false alerts while maintaining high detection rates. The system (1) extends classical epidemiological frameworks with three key innovations specific to organizational email threats: Exposed State (E) captures the incubation period I. Shah et al. / Eur. keywords: analysis; appl; detection; email; eur; malware; math; model; pure; shah; threat cache: ejpam-6542.pdf plain text: ejpam-6542.txt item: #1777 of 2048 id: ejpam-6543 author: Oudetallah, Jamal ; Almalkawi, Ahmad ; Amourah, Ala; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Al Mashrafi, Khaled ; Sasa, Tala title: On Nearly α-Compact Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 6104 flesch: 68 summary: The study of α-compact spaces naturally fol- lowed, with various researchers investigating different aspects and generalizations of this concept. [3] on α-compact spaces in digital topology (2021), and the investigations by Chen and Liu keywords: finite; open; sets; space cache: ejpam-6543.pdf plain text: ejpam-6543.txt item: #1778 of 2048 id: ejpam-6544 author: Madjatul, Al-Fadzri; Hassan, Javier; Bonsocan, Maria Andrea O. ; Bilar, Vergel T. title: Failed 2-Distance Zero Forcing in Graphs date: 2025 words: 3537 flesch: 79 summary: Suppose that Q is a failed 2- distance zero forcing set of G+H. Then Q ̸= V (G + H). The join of G and H, denoted by G+H is the graph with vertex set V (G+H) keywords: distance; forcing; graphs; set cache: ejpam-6544.pdf plain text: ejpam-6544.txt item: #1779 of 2048 id: ejpam-6545 author: Aloraini, Sarah ; Almohaimeed, Ahmed S. ; Moaaz, Osama title: Investigation of the Asymptotic and Monotonic Properties of Solutions of Functional Differential Equations with Multiple Delays and a Damping Term date: 2025 words: 4854 flesch: 71 summary: du = ∞; (2) (H3) p, h, qi ∈ C ([s0,∞), [0,∞)) , for i = 1, 2, ..., n, 0 ≤ p(s) ≤ p0 < 1, where p0 is a constant, and qi does not vanish identically on any half-line of the form [t∗,∞), t∗ ≥ t0; (H4) τ, ηi ∈ C([s0,∞),R), τ(s) ≤ s, ηi(s) s, lims→∞ τ (s) = ∞, and lims→∞ ηi (s) = ∞, for i = 1, 2, ..., n. Based on a solution to (1), we consider a real-valued function x ∈ C ([s∗,∞) ,R) , s∗ ≥ s0, where z, r (z′)κ ∈ C1 ([s∗,∞) ,R), and x fulfills (1) on [s∗,∞). keywords: differential; equations; order cache: ejpam-6545.pdf plain text: ejpam-6545.txt item: #1780 of 2048 id: ejpam-6549 author: Ulker, Alper ; Oner, Tahsin ; Iampan, Aiyared; Ordin, Burak title: The Energy of Cameron-Walker Graphs date: 2025 words: 3057 flesch: 79 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C50, 05C70, 05C35 Key Words and Phrases: Cameron-Walker graph, matching number, graph energy, lower bound 1. Moreover, we provide lower bounds on graph energy with respect to the induced matching number. keywords: energy; graph; matching; number cache: ejpam-6549.pdf plain text: ejpam-6549.txt item: #1781 of 2048 id: ejpam-6553 author: Assiry, Abdullah title: On the Unsolvability of the Exponential Diophantine Equation  \( 23^x + 22^y = z^2 \) in Nonnegative Integers date: 2025 words: 3376 flesch: 68 summary: This study contributes to the broader understanding of exponential Diophantine equations and their solutions. Discussion Our result adds to the growing body of work on exponential Diophantine equations, particularly those of the form px + (p − 1)y = z2. keywords: integer; mod cache: ejpam-6553.pdf plain text: ejpam-6553.txt item: #1782 of 2048 id: ejpam-6555 author: Danach, Kassem; Tarhini, Abbas; Aly, Wael Hosny Fouad ; Hejase, Hussin Jose title: A Multi-Level Optimization Framework for Blockchain Security: Integrating Metaheuristics, Reinforcement Learning, and Game Theory date: 2025 words: 6624 flesch: 28 summary: Section 2 provides a comprehensive review of54 existing work in cryptographic optimization and blockchain security. This sec-65 tion reviews existing approaches in cryptographic optimization for blockchain security,66 smart contract efficiency, and consensus mechanisms.67 2.1. keywords: appl; blockchain; consensus; contract; danach; efficiency; eur; execution; fees; framework; game; gas; learning; math; optimization; performance; pos; pure; reinforcement; security; stake; transaction; validator cache: ejpam-6555.pdf plain text: ejpam-6555.txt item: #1783 of 2048 id: ejpam-6556 author: Muhammad Tariq; Waqar, Afzal ; Nadeem, Muhammad ; Munoz-Zavala, Angel E. ; Mac´ıas-D´ıaz, Jorge E. title: Novel Fractional Hermite–Hadamard and Product-Type Inequalities via Raina Function and Preinvex Mappings with Entropy Applications date: 2025 words: 10574 flesch: 79 summary: − la) ) ≤ xΛ(lb) + (1− x)Λ(la), (2.6) for all la, lb ∈ X, where la < lb and x ∈ − la) keywords: + ∆ϱ; fractional; inequalities; la iγ; γ +; ϵ,σ(lb −; ∆ϱ ϵ,σ(lb; − la cache: ejpam-6556.pdf plain text: ejpam-6556.txt item: #1784 of 2048 id: ejpam-6557 author: Alshanti, Waseem; Abu Hammad, Ma'mon; Khalil, Roshdi title: A New Definition of (α, β)-Fractional Derivatives for Complex-Valued Functions and Their Analytic Properties date: 2025 words: 3339 flesch: 70 summary: − u(x◦, y◦) = u (x, y)− u(x◦, y◦) = x− x◦ x1−α ◦ uαx(x◦, y◦) = x− x◦ x1−α ◦ vαx (x◦, y◦) + y − y◦ y1−β ◦ vβy (x◦, y◦) + √ (x− x◦) 2 + (y − y◦) 2δ2 (z) , where z = (x, y) . keywords: x ◦; y ◦; y1−β ◦; z ◦ cache: ejpam-6557.pdf plain text: ejpam-6557.txt item: #1785 of 2048 id: ejpam-6560 author: Wan Abdul Rahman, Wan Syaidatul Izzati ; Md Rodzi, Zahari; Zainuddin, Zaifilla Farrina ; Alias, Suriana; Al-Sharqi, Faisal title: A Novel Simplified Yielded Aggregation Index (SYAI) Method for Enhancing Multi-Criteria Decision-Making date: 2025 words: 8699 flesch: 56 summary: A brief overview on applications of multi-criteria decision making methods in web application security. Mcdm-efs: a novel ensemble feature selection method for software defect prediction using multi-criteria decision making. keywords: alternatives; analysis; closeness; criteria; decision; ideal; making; matrix; mcdm; method; pure; scores; syai; table cache: ejpam-6560.pdf plain text: ejpam-6560.txt item: #1786 of 2048 id: ejpam-6565 author: Khampakdee, Jeeranunt ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Continuous Multifunctions Defined between an Ideal Topological Space and a Bitopological Space date: 2025 words: 3834 flesch: 77 summary: [9] studied some characterizations of upper (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions by using τ1τ2-δ-open sets and τ1τ2-δ-closed sets. The union of all τ1τ2-δ-open sets of X contained in A is called the τ1τ2-δ-interior of A and is denoted by τ1τ2-δ-Int(A). keywords: set cache: ejpam-6565.pdf plain text: ejpam-6565.txt item: #1787 of 2048 id: ejpam-6566 author: Viriyapong, Chokchai ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Continuity for Multifunctions Defined from an Ideal Topological Space into a Bitopological Space date: 2025 words: 6032 flesch: 80 summary: The union of all τ1τ2-δ-open sets of X contained in A is called the τ1τ2-δ-interior of A and is denoted by τ1τ2-δ-Int(A). Since Y − V is (σ1, σ2)r-closed and by (7), X − F+(V ) keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-6566.pdf plain text: ejpam-6566.txt item: #1788 of 2048 id: ejpam-6567 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Weak Forms of Upper and Lower Continuous Multifunctions between an Ideal Topological Space and a Bitopological Space date: 2025 words: 5484 flesch: 78 summary: Furthermore, several characterizations of upper ⋆-continuous multifunctions, lower ⋆-continuous multifunctions, upper almost ⋆-continuous multifunc- tions, lower almost ⋆-continuous multifunctions, upper weakly ⋆-continuous multifunctions and lower weakly ⋆-continuous multifunctions were considered in [20]. This paper presents new concepts of continuous multifunctions defined from an ideal topological space into a bitopological space, called upper weakly τ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunc- tions and lower weakly τ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions. keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-6567.pdf plain text: ejpam-6567.txt item: #1789 of 2048 id: ejpam-6568 author: Viriyapong, Nongluk ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Almost $\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity and Weak $\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 7209 flesch: 87 summary: Then, Y − σ1σ2-Cl(V ) is σ1σ2-open in Y . Then, Y − σ1σ2-Cl(V ) is σ1σ2-open and hence Y − σ1σ2-Cl(V ) is (σ1, σ2)p-open in Y . keywords: cl(v; open; set; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-6568.pdf plain text: ejpam-6568.txt item: #1790 of 2048 id: ejpam-6569 author: Srisarakham, Napassanan ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower Quasi $\theta\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 5722 flesch: 84 summary: More- over, several characterizations and some properties concerning upper quasi θτ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower quasi θτ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions are considered. We also investigate several characterizations of upper quasi θτ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower quasi θτ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions. 2. keywords: cl(v; set; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-6569.pdf plain text: ejpam-6569.txt item: #1791 of 2048 id: ejpam-6570 author: Viriyapong, Chokchai ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Weak Continuity for Multifunctions Defined between an Ideal Topological Space and a Bitopological Space date: 2025 words: 5951 flesch: 80 summary: Then, Y − σ1σ2-Cl(V ) is σ1σ2-open in Y . = σ1σ2-Cl(V ) for every σ1σ2- open set V of Y . keywords: open; set; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-6570.pdf plain text: ejpam-6570.txt item: #1792 of 2048 id: ejpam-6571 author: Thongmoon, Montri ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Quasi Continuity and Weak Quasi Continuity for Multifunctions Between an Ideal Topological Space and a Bitopological Space date: 2025 words: 6251 flesch: 84 summary: A multifunction F : (X, τ,I ) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is said to be upper weakly quasi τ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous if F is upper weakly quasi τ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous at each point x of X. Remark 1. For a multifunction F : (X, τ,I ) → (Y, σ1, σ2), the following properties are equivalent: (1) F is upper weakly quasi τ⋆(σ1, σ2)-continuous; (2) for each x ∈ X and every σ1σ2-open set V of Y such that F (x) ⊆ V , there exists a semi-I ⋆-open set U of X containing x such that F (U) ⊆ σ1σ2-Cl(V ); (3) Int⋆(Cl⋆(F−(σ1σ2-Int(K)))) keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-6571.pdf plain text: ejpam-6571.txt item: #1793 of 2048 id: ejpam-6572 author: Kong-ied, Butsakorn ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Quasi $\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuous and Weakly Quasi $\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuous Functions date: 2025 words: 4803 flesch: 86 summary: Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces. [5] introduced and studied the notion of weakly quasi continuous functions. keywords: cl(v; open; set; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-6572.pdf plain text: ejpam-6572.txt item: #1794 of 2048 id: ejpam-6573 author: Chiangpradit, Monchaya ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Weak Forms of Open and Closed Functions via $(\tau_1,\tau_2)\beta$-open Sets date: 2025 words: 3302 flesch: 85 summary: Moreover, Caldas and Navalagi [4] introduced and investigated the concepts of weakly semi-open functions and weakly semi-closed functions as a new generalization of weakly open functions and weakly closed functions, respectively. The concept of weakly open functions was first introduced by Rose [1]. keywords: open; σ2)β; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6573.pdf plain text: ejpam-6573.txt item: #1795 of 2048 id: ejpam-6574 author: Chutiman, Nipaporn ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Weak Forms of Open and Closed Functions Between Bitopological Spaces date: 2025 words: 3879 flesch: 86 summary: [1] intro- duced and studied the notions of weakly open functions and almost open functions. Preliminaries Throughout the present paper, spaces (X, τ1, τ2) and (Y, σ1, σ2) (or simply X and Y ) always mean bitopological spaces on which no separation axioms are assumed unless explicitly stated. keywords: open; σ2)b; τ1τ2 cache: ejpam-6574.pdf plain text: ejpam-6574.txt item: #1796 of 2048 id: ejpam-6576 author: Kilaru J. Lakshminarayana; V.B.V.N. Prasad; Srinivasa Rao Ravi; Siva Prasad Korrapati; Amathi, V Ramakrishna title: A Kurosh-Amitsur Completely Prime Radical for Near-rings date: 2025 words: 3557 flesch: 89 summary: = {n + I ∈ N/I | g3(n + I) = 0} = {n + I ∈ N/I | g3n keywords: prime; right; type cache: ejpam-6576.pdf plain text: ejpam-6576.txt item: #1797 of 2048 id: ejpam-6578 author: Mohamad Fauzi, Nur Fathiah Fatin ; Md Rodzi, Zahari; Zainuddin, Zaifilla Farrina; Mustapha, Norzieha ; Al-Sharqi, Faisal title: A New Method for Multi-Criteria Decision-Making: Adaptive Ranking with Ideal Evaluation (ARIE) date: 2025 words: 9165 flesch: 47 summary: There are many66 MCDM methods that differ in their basic concepts, strengths and weaknesses. [48, 49].99 A range of comparative analysis study between MCDM methods has been conducted100 to discuss the benefits and weaknesses of every MCDM method. keywords: alternative; analysis; appl; aras; arie; criteria; decision; et al; eur; f. f.; fauzi; figure; ideal; mabac; making; math; mcdm; methods; moora; multi; performance; pure; ranking; saw; supplier; topsis; values; vikor cache: ejpam-6578.pdf plain text: ejpam-6578.txt item: #1798 of 2048 id: ejpam-6583 author: Albeladi, Ghadah; Omran, Saleh title: A Natural Extension of the Banach Fixed Point Theorem in a b-Metric Space with an Orthogonal Direct Sum Structure date: 2025 words: 9335 flesch: 84 summary: Let Rd denotes the orthogonal direct sum R ⊕ R ⊕ · · · ⊕ R of d-copies of R. Let R⊕d be the direct sum set, and x, y ∈ R⊕d , x = (x1, x2, · · · , xd), y = (y1, y2, · · · , yd) by x ≾ y (respectively, xi < yi) for all i = 1, 2, · · · d. In addition, R⊕d + = {x ∈ R⊕d : xi ≥ 0, ∀i = 1, 2, · · · , d} is the set of positive elements in R⊕d , and we denote x ≿ 0̃ if xi ≥ 0 for all i = 1, 2, · · · , d, where 0̃ is the d× d zero matrix in R⊕d . keywords: diag; δb r⊕d cache: ejpam-6583.pdf plain text: ejpam-6583.txt item: #1799 of 2048 id: ejpam-6586 author: Ahmed, Mamoon ; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Amourah, Ala ; Salah, Jamal title: On the Fractional q-Differintegral Operator for Subclasses of Bi-univalent Functions Subordinate to q-Ultraspherical Polynomials date: 2025 words: 5562 flesch: 70 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30A36, 30C45, 81P68, 11B37 Key Words and Phrases: Subordination; Ultraspherical Polynomial; q-Calculus; Analytic functions; Univalent functions; bi-univalent functions; Orthogonal polynomials; Carathéodory’s functions; Fekete-Szegö problem. In this paper, we introduce a novel class of bi-univalent functions using the fractional q-differintegral operator and q-Ultraspherical polynomials. keywords: functions; polynomials cache: ejpam-6586.pdf plain text: ejpam-6586.txt item: #1800 of 2048 id: ejpam-6587 author: Alshuhail, Altaf ; Hassan, Taher S.; Algolam, Mohamed; Ahmed, Athar I.; Mohammed, Wael W. title: Random Exact Solutions for the Stochastic Korteweg-de Vries Equation date: 2025 words: 4882 flesch: 79 summary: Unlike traditional wave solutions that disperse and dissipate over time, singular solitons have the remarkable feature of maintaining their form and amplitude as they propagate through a medium. Backlund transformations and soliton solutions for the kdv6 equation. keywords: equation; solutions cache: ejpam-6587.pdf plain text: ejpam-6587.txt item: #1801 of 2048 id: ejpam-6592 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman title: Compactness and Separability in MR-Metric Spaces with Applications to Deep Learning date: 2025 words: 4050 flesch: 73 summary: This paper establishes fundamental topological properties of MR-metric spaces, a sig- nificant generalization of conventional metric spaces characterized by an R-scaled tetrahedral in- equality. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54E35, 54D30, 54E50, 46Nxx, 68T07 Key Words and Phrases: MR-metric spaces, compactness, separability, paracompactness, deep learning, global optimization, quantum computing, neural networks, topological properties, fixed point theory 1. keywords: metric cache: ejpam-6592.pdf plain text: ejpam-6592.txt item: #1802 of 2048 id: ejpam-6593 author: Bacani, Jerico Bravo; Avenilla, Merlyn title: On the Diophantine Equation $p^x + (p + 5k)^y = z^2$ date: 2025 words: 11954 flesch: 93 summary: Finding for q we have, q = z2 − 22+4n = (z − 21+2n)(z + 21+2n). Math, 18 (3) (2025), 6593 23 of 24 There are finitely many solutions when y = 1 and x = 2 + 4n, n ∈ N0, where the value of k and z are given by k = (22+2n − 1)/5 and z = (5k + 3)/2. keywords: mod cache: ejpam-6593.pdf plain text: ejpam-6593.txt item: #1803 of 2048 id: ejpam-6596 author: Gul, Noshi; Shah, Ismail ; Ahmad, Saeed; Ullah, Ihsan; De la Sen, Manuel title: Stability and Optimal Control Analysis of an SEIQR Epidemic Model with Saturated Incidence Rate date: 2025 words: 7824 flesch: 67 summary: The estimation of parameters, the development and testing of hypotheses that aid in disease prediction and disease control are some of the fundamental characteristics of mathematical models. The results of the investigation have shown how crucial the incidence rate is to understanding the nature of epidemic models keywords: control; disease; equilibrium; hsi; model cache: ejpam-6596.pdf plain text: ejpam-6596.txt item: #1804 of 2048 id: ejpam-6597 author: thabit, Sadeq; Alawadi, Alyaa; Noaman, Rafiqa title: Collectionwise Pre-Normality in Topological Spaces date: 2025 words: 7825 flesch: 79 summary: (2) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of g⋆-pre-open sets in X such that Fs ⊆ p int(Us) for each s ∈ S. (3) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of g-pre-open sets in X such that Fs ⊆ p int(Us) for each s ∈ S. (4) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of πg-pre-open sets in X such that Fs ⊆ p int(Us) for each s ∈ S. Proof. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6597 9 of 15 (2) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of g-closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of pre-open sets in X such that p cl(Fs) ⊆ Us for each s ∈ S. (3) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of g-closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of g⋆-pre-open sets in X such that p cl(Fs) ⊆ p int(Us) for each s ∈ S. (4) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of g-closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of g-pre-open sets in X such that p cl(Fs) ⊆ p int(Us) for each s ∈ S. (5) for any discrete family {Fs}s∈S of g-closed sets in X, there exists a discrete family {Us}s∈S of πg-pre-open sets in X such that p cl(Fs) ⊆ p int(Us) for each s ∈ S. Proof. keywords: collectionwise; family; pre; space cache: ejpam-6597.pdf plain text: ejpam-6597.txt item: #1805 of 2048 id: ejpam-6598 author: N. Preethi; G.K. Revathi title: A Pythagorean Fuzzy Digital Fine Space Approach for Selecting Menstrual Hygiene Products in Rural Areas date: 2025 words: 7809 flesch: 68 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54A40, 03E72 Key Words and Phrases: Pythagorean fuzzy digital fine topological space, Pythagorean fuzzy digital b≈f -Baire space, Pythagorean fuzzy digital b≈f D-Baire space Pythagorean fuzzy digital b≈f - Hausdorff space, Pythagorean fuzzy digital b≈f -door spaces 1. Proposed study to identify the best menstrual hygiene product for Rural Women using Pythagorean fuzzy digital fine topological space In order to make this process, consider three different menstrual hygiene products as cloth pads, menstrual cups and sanitary pads say H = {H1,H2,H3} and the six factors C = {C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6}. keywords: definition; digital; fuzzy; pfdb≈f; pythagorean; set; space; topology cache: ejpam-6598.pdf plain text: ejpam-6598.txt item: #1806 of 2048 id: ejpam-66 author: Zakia, Hammouch title: Multiple solutions of steady MHD flow of dilatant fluids date: 2008 words: 4151 flesch: 77 summary: f f ′′+ β(1− f ′2) +M(1− f ′) =−a f f ′′2. keywords: flow; problem; solutions; ′′γ cache: ejpam-66.pdf plain text: ejpam-66.txt item: #1807 of 2048 id: ejpam-6600 author: Elsawy, Ahmed Noubi Sayed; Almohammadi, Reyoud Nasser title: Paley, Cubic Paley, Quadruple Paley, and Generalized Paley Graphs with an Edge-Graceful Labeling date: 2025 words: 8650 flesch: 90 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 05C25, 05C78 Key Words and Phrases: Paley graphs, cubic Paley graphs, quadruple Paley graphs, generalized Paley graphs, edge-graceful labeling, edge-even graceful labeling, edge-odd graceful labeling 1. In this paper, we prove that Paley graphs and generalized Paley graphs of prime order are edge graceful, edge-even graceful, and edge-odd graceful graphs. keywords: edge; graceful; graph; labeling; paley; step cache: ejpam-6600.pdf plain text: ejpam-6600.txt item: #1808 of 2048 id: ejpam-6601 author: Indriati, Diari; Sentosa, Muhammad Yogi ; Verdiana, Zhafirah Miranti ; Martini, Titin Sri ; Utomo, Putranto Hadi ; Kurdi, Nughthoh Arfawi ; Rosyida, Isnaini title: Edge Irregular Reflexive Labeling of Ladder Graph Corona Null Graph Families date: 2025 words: 6463 flesch: 85 summary: − 3 6≡ 2, 3 (mod 6)” and “ ⌈ 2nm+3n−3 3 ⌉ + 1” for “2nm + 3n − 3 ≡ 2, 3 (mod 6)”. Moreover, res(DLn � Nm) for n ≥ 2 and m ≥ 1 are “ ⌈ 2nm+5n−4 3 ⌉ ” for “2nm+5n− 4 6≡ 2, 3 (mod 6)” and “ ⌈ 2nm+5n−4 3 ⌉ +1” for “2nm+ 5n− 4 ≡ 2, 3 (mod 6)”. keywords: mod cache: ejpam-6601.pdf plain text: ejpam-6601.txt item: #1809 of 2048 id: ejpam-6602 author: Danach, Kassem; Harb, Hassan; Jose Hejase, Hussin; Saker, Louai title: A Hybrid Metaheuristic Framework with Reinforcement Learning–Based Heuristic Selection for Large-Scale Combinatorial Optimization date: 2025 words: 10755 flesch: 39 summary: Objective, Research Questions, and Hypothesis The complexity of combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) has significantly in- creased due to the rapid growth of real-world applications such as logistics, manufacturing, and telecommunications. Hybrid approaches for combinatorial optimization problems. keywords: algorithms; appl; combinatorial; convergence; danach; framework; hmf; hybrid; learning; math; metaheuristic; optimization; parameter; problem; pure; reinforcement; solution; time; tuning cache: ejpam-6602.pdf plain text: ejpam-6602.txt item: #1810 of 2048 id: ejpam-6603 author: Hassan, Javier; Hajim, Erwan; Mahistrado, Angelica Mae L. ; Alayka, Akrimal M. title: Perfect 2-Distance Zero Forcing in Graphs date: 2025 words: 4211 flesch: 83 summary: The join of G and H, denoted by G+H is the graph with vertex set V (G+H) A particular variant of zero forcing called perfect co-zero forcing is defined to study the behavior of the perfect 2-distance zero forcing sets in the join of graphs. keywords: distance; forcing; set; vertex cache: ejpam-6603.pdf plain text: ejpam-6603.txt item: #1811 of 2048 id: ejpam-6605 author: Bani Melhem, Shefa A.; Al-Kateeb, Ala'a; Dagher, Afnan title: On Generalized Mersenne Numbers and Extended Fermat Numbers date: 2025 words: 4600 flesch: 86 summary: − 2 = (k − 1)nMk,ℓ−n • Fk,ℓFk,n+1 − Fk,ℓ+1Fk,n = (k − 1)ℓ + 2k − 5 (k − 2) (k − 1)n+1 + 2k − 5 (k − 2) − (k − 1)ℓ+1 + 2k − 5 (k − 2) (k − 1)n + 2k − 5 (k − 2) = (2k − 5) −(k − 1)ℓ+1 + (k − 1)ℓ + (k − 1)n+1 − (k − 1)n (k − 2)2 = (2k − 5) (k − 1)ℓ(2 − k) + (k − 1)n(k − 2) (k − 2)2 = (2k − 5) (k − 1)n − (k − 1)ℓ (k − 2) = (2k − 5)(k − 1)n 1 − (k − 1)ℓ−n (k − 2) = −(5 − 2k)(k − 1)nMk,ℓ−n. = (k − 1)n − (k − 1)n+i − (k − 1)n+j + (k − 1)n+i+j (k − 2)2 = (k − 1)n 1 − (k − 1)i − (k − 1)j + (k − 1)i+j (k − 2)2 = (k − 1)n 1 − (k − 1)i − (k − 1)j(1 − (k − 1)i) (k − 2)2 Sh. A. Bani Melhem, Al-Kateeb, A. Dagher / Eur. keywords: k −; n+1; − k)mk cache: ejpam-6605.pdf plain text: ejpam-6605.txt item: #1812 of 2048 id: ejpam-6607 author: Fujita, Takaaki; Smarandache, Florentin title: Harnessing Quantum Superposition in Soft Set Theory: Introducing Quantum Hypersoft and SuperHyperSoft Sets date: 2025 words: 10000 flesch: 70 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 06D72 Key Words and Phrases: Superhypersoft set, Soft Set, Hypersoft set, Quantum Hypersoft Set, Quantum Soft Set, Quantum Superhypersoft Set 1. Table 2: Overview of Quantum Soft Set, Quantum HyperSoft Set, and Quantum SuperHyperSoft Set T. Fujita, F.Smarandache / Eur. keywords: appl; fujita; fuzzy; h(u; hypersoft; hypersoft set; pure; quantum; set; sets; superhypersoft cache: ejpam-6607.pdf plain text: ejpam-6607.txt item: #1813 of 2048 id: ejpam-6609 author: Noorwali, Maha ; Alqawaqneh , Haitham ; Tahir, Muhammad ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa ; A. Aldwoah, Khaled ; L. Armada, Cris ; Hanna M. Mohammad, Nurijam ; J. Hamja, Jamil title: Triple Fixed-Point Theorems: Generalized Analysis with AI/Crypto Applications date: 2025 words: 6238 flesch: 64 summary: − x3n+2 − x3n+3∥2 − α∥x3n − x3n+1 − x3n+2∥2 9: −β ∥x3n−x3n+1∥2∥x3n+1−x3n+2∥2∥x3n+2−x3n+3∥2 1+∥x3n+1−x3n+2∥2∥x3n+2−x3n+3∥2 10: if ∥x3n+3 − x3n∥ < ϵ then qa 11: break 12: end if 13: n← n+ 1 14: end while 15: return u← − x3n+3 − x3n+4∥2 M. Noorwali et al. / Eur. keywords: contraction; convergence; mappings; metric; point; product; spaces; theorem cache: ejpam-6609.pdf plain text: ejpam-6609.txt item: #1814 of 2048 id: ejpam-6611 author: Abu Saleem, Mohammed title: Folding on Topological Graphs and Their Fundamental Group date: 2025 words: 2719 flesch: 83 summary: . , n, which induces a folding �̂�n : n∗ k=1 π1(Gk) −→ n∗ k=1 π1(Gk) such that �̂�n( n∗ k=1 π1(Gk)) is a free group of rank m− n. Consequently, rank (�̂�h( n∗ k=1 π1(Gk) )) Jn → Jn which induces �̂� : π1(Jn) → π1(Jn) such that rank (�̂�(π1(Jn))) keywords: folding; graph; k=1; rank cache: ejpam-6611.pdf plain text: ejpam-6611.txt item: #1815 of 2048 id: ejpam-6613 author: Moreno Arroyo, Luis Mario; Ferrer Villar, Osmin Oberto; Sierra Acosta, Arley Yessit title: Tensor Product of Spaces with Generalized 2-Inner Product date: 2025 words: 6039 flesch: 81 summary: In this work, we introduce the notion of tensor product of spaces with a generalized 2-inner product (see Definition 5), and we establish several interesting properties (see Proposition 5), thereby generalizing the classical properties of the tensor product of inner product spaces. We also established the notion of the 2-tensor product of linear operators on spaces with a generalized 2-inner product (see Definition 9), and demonstrated that several well-known identities for operators in inner product spaces remain valid in this new structure (see Proposition 8). keywords: i=1; product; spaces; tensor cache: ejpam-6613.pdf plain text: ejpam-6613.txt item: #1816 of 2048 id: ejpam-6617 author: Vivekananda Rayanki; Krishna Kummari; Ahmad, Izhar ; Gaketem, Thiti title: A Fractional Calculus Approach to Interval-Valued Variational Programming Problems date: 2025 words: 10051 flesch: 68 summary: ϕU ε (ς, ε, CFDθ• a1+ε) + (Θ̄)T (ς)hε(ς, ε, CFDθ• a1+ε(ς)) = −CFDθ• a2− { ϕL CFDθ• a1+ ε(ς) (ς, ε,CFDθ• a1+ε) + ϕU CFDθ• a1+ ε(ς) (ς, ε,CFDθ• a1+ε) +(Θ̄)T (ς)hCFDθ• a1+ ε(ς)(ς, ε, CFDθ• a1+ε(ς)) } , a2∫ a1 (Θ̄)T (ς)h(ς, ε(ς),CFDθ• a1+ε(ς))dς ≤ 0, Θ̄(ξ) ≥ 0, ς ∈ ℑ,where a1 = 0, a2 = 1. V. Rayanki et al. / Eur. [a1, a2] → R of order θ• ∈ (0, 1) is stated to be cDθ• a1+κ(ς) keywords: + cfdθ•; a1+κ̄; a2∫ a1; cfdθ• a1; κ̄,cfdθ•; κ̄,cfdθ• a1+κ̄; ς a1; ϕu cfdθ• cache: ejpam-6617.pdf plain text: ejpam-6617.txt item: #1817 of 2048 id: ejpam-662 author: Cagman, Naim; Wang, Xiaoting title: A New Group Decision-making Method Based on Fuzzy Set Operations date: 2011 words: 3245 flesch: 68 summary: [24] to deal with problems in which impreciseness was present, fuzzy decision making was suggested by Bellman and Zadeh The literature on fuzzy decision making have grown tremendously in recent years. keywords: alternative; decision; making; method; set cache: ejpam-662.pdf plain text: ejpam-662.txt item: #1818 of 2048 id: ejpam-6621 author: Fujita, Takaaki; Smarandache, Florentin title: Neutrosophic Soft n-Super-HyperGraphs with Real-World Applications date: 2025 words: 10891 flesch: 68 summary: Neutrosophic soft graphs with application. We present a concise overview of neutrosophic soft graph models in Table 3. keywords: a(c; appl; eur; fujita; hypergraph; neutrosophic; pure; set; sets; super cache: ejpam-6621.pdf plain text: ejpam-6621.txt item: #1819 of 2048 id: ejpam-6624 author: Phoosree, Sirasrete ; Phookwantong, Jiraphat ; Senmoh, Marisa ; Sanjun, Jiraporn; Thadee, Weerachai title: Generalized Riccati Equation Mapping Method: 27 Solutions for Josephson Junctions and Nonlinear Optics Models date: 2025 words: 8301 flesch: 71 summary: Several analytical methods have been applied to fractional nonlinear equations, yet they typically generate only a narrow class of hyperbolic or trigonometric solutions. [2], first integral method [3], the Riccati-Bernoulli sub-ode method [4, 5], generalized Riccati equation mapping method keywords: equation; method; solutions; − 4rk; −λ(s2 −; √ −φ cache: ejpam-6624.pdf plain text: ejpam-6624.txt item: #1820 of 2048 id: ejpam-6626 author: Kadri, Ilhem; Gundogdu, Hami; Modawy, Yousif M.; Imam, Ayman; Helal, Khadeeja A. A.; Elshamy, Ibrahim; Tahir, Ranya A. title: A Comparative Analysis of the Non-linear Time Fractional Whitham-Broer-Kaup Equations under Aboodh Decomposition Transform date: 2025 words: 8152 flesch: 68 summary: By studying fractional WBK equations, we expect to achieve a greater intensive understand- ing of the effect of fractional derivatives on the dynamics of nonlinear wave phenomena. Approximate solutions to the time fractional WBK equations This section is dedicated to the numerical findings of solutions obtained for the time- fractional WBK equations. keywords: equations; fractional; γ(β; ∂x2β cache: ejpam-6626.pdf plain text: ejpam-6626.txt item: #1821 of 2048 id: ejpam-6627 author: Oudetallah, Jamal; Audeh, Wasim ; Al-Labadi, Manal ; Al-Naimi , Raja’a ; Batiha, Iqbal; Amourah, Ala; Sasa, Tala title: Separation Axioms Beyond T2: Novel Properties and Interactions in Non-Regular Spaces date: 2025 words: 8174 flesch: 61 summary: This result reveals the deep connection between separation properties of point sets and function spaces, demonstrating how the structure of continuous function algebras determines topological space properties, as extensively studied by Gillman and Jerison Our investigation yields several new characterizations of such spaces using tools from general topology, set theory, and functional analysis. keywords: hausdorff; separation; sets; spaces cache: ejpam-6627.pdf plain text: ejpam-6627.txt item: #1822 of 2048 id: ejpam-6631 author: Abdel Aal, Mohammad; S. Ghatasheh, Mohammad ; Albadawi, Hussien ; Momani, Shaher title: A New Numerical Solution for Prabhakar Fractional Differential Equations Using the Explicit Fractional Adams Method date: 2025 words: 5932 flesch: 66 summary: This paper introduces a new way to solve Prabhakar fractional differential equations using an Explicit Fractional Adams Method. Section 3 looks at the concept of the Explicit Fractional Adams Method for solving Prabhakar fractional differential equations. keywords: fractional; method; xk+1; − w)β−1mγ; − xk−2 cache: ejpam-6631.pdf plain text: ejpam-6631.txt item: #1823 of 2048 id: ejpam-6632 author: Kamali, R. ; Prema , S.; Ajay Shrikaanth, A. S. ; Govindan, Vediyappan; Donganont, Mana title: Image Edge Detection Enhancement Using Coefficient Estimates for Classes of Quasi-Subordination: Fekete-Szego Problems date: 2025 words: 6253 flesch: 52 summary: Image edge detection enhancement using coefficients of sakaguchi type functions mapped onto petal shaped domain. A new proposed model for image enhancement using the coefficients obtained by a subclass of the sakaguchi-type function. keywords: coefficient; contrast; detection; edge; enhancement; fekete; functions; image; kamali; math; quasi; szegö; univalent cache: ejpam-6632.pdf plain text: ejpam-6632.txt item: #1824 of 2048 id: ejpam-6633 author: Hasan, Afrah; Murad, Shayma title: A Boundary Value Problem with Caputo–Hadamard Fractional Derivative: Analysis and Numerical Solution date: 2025 words: 8289 flesch: 79 summary: Fractional differential equations: an introduction to fractional deriva- tives, fractional differential equations, to methods of their solution and some of their applications. Introduction It is an indisputable fact that fractional differential equations (FDEs) are crucial for modeling complex systems where traditional integer-order equations fall short, see [1, 2]. keywords: t τ; ti−1; η(t cache: ejpam-6633.pdf plain text: ejpam-6633.txt item: #1825 of 2048 id: ejpam-6635 author: Alfeche, Farene Loida; Canoy Jr., Sergio title: Secure Pointwise Non-Domination and Secure Hop Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 5257 flesch: 84 summary: Then S ⊆ V (G+H) is a secure hop dominating set if and only if S = SG ∪ SH and SG and SH are secure pointwise non-dominating sets in G and H, respectively. Suppose S is a secure hop dominating set in G+H. Since S is a hop dominating set, S = SG ∪ SH where SG and SH are pointwise non-dominating sets in G and H, respectively, by Theorem 5. keywords: dominating; pointwise; secure; set cache: ejpam-6635.pdf plain text: ejpam-6635.txt item: #1826 of 2048 id: ejpam-6638 author: Israr, Muhammad ; Afzal, Waqar ; Ahmad , Shahbaz ; Breaz, Daniel ; Cotîrlă , Luminiţa-Ioana title: Enhancing Deep Image Prior with Multiscale Attention, SVD Pooling, and Preconditioned Optimizers for Image Processing date: 2025 words: 8473 flesch: 52 summary: Image PSNR (dB) SSIM Butter 32.07 0.97 Jet 35.88 0.96 Library 30.55 0.94 Vase 34.47 0.99 Table 2: Inpainting results using DIP-SVD over 3000 epochs, evaluated via PSNR and SSIM for four benchmark images. Conven- tionally used optimizers such as Adam tend to be suboptimal on ill-conditioned inverse problems as seen in image restoration. keywords: attention; denoising; dip; image; inpainting; learning; network; noise; optimizers; pooling; psnr; pure; restoration; row; ssim; svd; training cache: ejpam-6638.pdf plain text: ejpam-6638.txt item: #1827 of 2048 id: ejpam-6640 author: Diallo, Ablaye; Ben Maaouia, Mohamed Ben Faraj; Sanghare, Mamadou title: Exactness of the Functors $\text{Hom}_{\mathscr{A}}(X,-), \text{Hom}_{\mathscr{A}}(-,X)$, $\text{Hom}_{\text{Comp}(\mathscr{A})}(X,-), \text{Hom}_{\text{Comp}(\mathscr{A})}(-,X)$ and the Homological Functors $\tilde{H}_n(X,-) \text{ and } \tilde{H}_n(-,X)$ date: 2025 words: 9961 flesch: 82 summary: i⇒ f ◦ i+ f ◦ eK,X = f ◦ eK,X + f ◦ But eK,Y = f ◦ eK,X . keywords: exact; homa; homcomp(a; sequence cache: ejpam-6640.pdf plain text: ejpam-6640.txt item: #1828 of 2048 id: ejpam-6641 author: Ali Basendwah, Ghada ; Sultan, Mehvish; Sultan, Babar; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: On the Boundedness of the Intrinsic Square Function on Continual Herz Spaces with Variable Exponents date: 2025 words: 5286 flesch: 76 summary: [13] S. Samko, Variable exponent Herz spaces, Mediterr. Our aim in this paper is to prove the boundedness of the intrinsic square function on Herz spaces with variable exponents. keywords: boundedness; function; herz; math; spaces; sultan; variable cache: ejpam-6641.pdf plain text: ejpam-6641.txt item: #1829 of 2048 id: ejpam-6642 author: Zia, Saqib; Qandeel, Aqsa; Rehman, Asad; Ahmed, Sidrah ; Ahmed, Munshooor; Koh, Wei Sin title: Simulating Arterial Blood Flow Using Finite Volume Conservation Element and Solution Element Scheme date: 2025 words: 6113 flesch: 71 summary: [23] H. Tao, R. Husam, J. J. Dheyaa, K. S. Pradeep, F-H. A. Ali, H. A. H. Abbas, F. H. Dheyaa, M. Hiba, H. I. Ameer, and S. S. S. Narinderjit. Well-balanced discontinuous galerkin method and finite volume weno scheme based on hydrostatic reconstruction for blood flow model in arteries. keywords: blood; flow; journal; k j; numerical; scheme; time cache: ejpam-6642.pdf plain text: ejpam-6642.txt item: #1830 of 2048 id: ejpam-6643 author: Fujita, Takaaki; Smarandache, Florentin title: Soft Directed n-SuperHyperGraphs with Some Real-World Applications date: 2025 words: 8595 flesch: 62 summary: [12], and soft directed graphs Soft directed graphs, their vertex degrees, associated matrices and some product operations. keywords: a(c; b(c; fujita; graphs; math; pure; set; sets; soft; superhypergraph cache: ejpam-6643.pdf plain text: ejpam-6643.txt item: #1831 of 2048 id: ejpam-6653 author: Khan, M. I. ; Ruidas, Molay Kumar title: The Mgamma Distribution: Statistical Properties and Application to Real-life Data date: 2025 words: 5767 flesch: 71 summary: = θ3x ( 1 + x 2 ) e−θx 1 + θ ; x > 0, θ > 0 (1) 0 2 4 6 8 10 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Plot of pdf of Mgamma distribution x f(x) θ = 0.5 θ = 0.8 θ = 1 θ = 3 θ = 5 Figure 1: p.d.f. plot of Mgamma distribution for different θ denoted by x ∼ M(θ) Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6653 4 of 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Plot of cdf of Mgamma distribution x F(x ) θ = 0.5 θ = 0.8 θ = 1 θ = 3 θ = 5 Figure 2: c.d.f. plot of Mgamma distribution for different θ So, the mode(x) of the new distribution is given by mode(x) keywords: appl; distribution; eur; khan; mgamma; pure; ruidas cache: ejpam-6653.pdf plain text: ejpam-6653.txt item: #1832 of 2048 id: ejpam-6655 author: Lochan Bora, Shyam; Bharali, Sulaxana ; Bhuyan, Kalyan ; Das, Jayanta; Hazarika, Partha; Eliwa, Mohamed; Sallam Abdalla, Gaber ; Abouelenein, Mohamed title: Detecting Warming Trends and Climate Regime Transitions Using Satellite-Derived Temperature Data in Northeast India date: 2025 words: 8224 flesch: 61 summary: Together, these grid points offer a robust foundation for analyzing temperature trends and regime shifts across Northeast India’s diverse climate zones, providing insights that can support localized climate risk assessment and adaptation planning. Similar pat- terns have been observed in other studies focusing on elevation and urban influence on temperature trends keywords: change; climate; india; ita; mean; monsoon; northeast; slope; stations; temperature; trends; warming; year cache: ejpam-6655.pdf plain text: ejpam-6655.txt item: #1833 of 2048 id: ejpam-6656 author: Deka, Upama ; Das, Bhanita; Hazarika, Partha; Das, Jondeep; Eliwa, Mohamed; Abouelenein, Mohamed title: Ranked Set Sampling-Based Statistical Inference for the Exponentiated Inverted Weibull Distribution and its Variants: Theory, Simulation and Data-Driven Analysis date: 2025 words: 6194 flesch: 68 summary: This study investigates the estimation of parameters for the exponentiated inverted Weibull distribution using ranked set sampling and its specific forms, including extreme ranked set sampling and median ranked set sampling. Simulation Results This study carries out a simulation analysis to evaluate the performance of the maxi- mum likelihood estimators for the parameters β and θ of the EIWD using data collected through simple random sampling, ranked set sampling, extreme ranked set sampling, and median ranked set sampling methods. keywords: data; distribution; erss; i=1; j=1; rss; sampling; set cache: ejpam-6656.pdf plain text: ejpam-6656.txt item: #1834 of 2048 id: ejpam-6657 author: Qawaqneh, Haitham; Ahmad Khan, Waseem; Aydi, Hassen; Wani, Shahid Ahmad; Jadhav, Prakash title: Some Properties and Characterizations of Δh-Truncated Exponential based Hermite Polynomials date: 2025 words: 5134 flesch: 71 summary: Among these developments, two-variable special polynomials have emerged as highly potent tools, facilitating the derivation of efficient and elegant identities and offering path- ways to novel classes of special polynomials. Special polynomials and fractional calculus. keywords: e(r)h; n=0; polynomials; ξ1 h; ξ2 h cache: ejpam-6657.pdf plain text: ejpam-6657.txt item: #1835 of 2048 id: ejpam-6658 author: Ahmad Khan, Waseem; Qawaqneh, Haitham; Aydi, Hassen title: Bivariate Kind of Generalized Laguerre-Based Appell Polynomials with Applications to Special Polynomials date: 2025 words: 6833 flesch: 73 summary: Motivated by these developments, we introduce a new generalize Laguerre-based Ap- pell polynomials PLRn(r1, r2, r3). The new generalization of Laguerre and Laguerre-based Appell polynomials This section of our research paper introduces the new generalization of three-variable Laguerre-based Appell polynomials, denoted as PLRn(r1, r2, r3). keywords: appell; k=0; laguerre; n=0; polynomials; tn n cache: ejpam-6658.pdf plain text: ejpam-6658.txt item: #1836 of 2048 id: ejpam-6659 author: Qawaqneh, Haitham; Chamoli, Divyanshu ; Rawat, Shivam; Aydi, Hassen; Bisht, Monika title: On Fixed Points in Complex Valued Controlled S-metric Spaces and an Application date: 2025 words: 6072 flesch: 84 summary: The concept of complex valued metric spaces was introduced by Azam et al. Subsequently, numerous researchers have extended the concept of metric space by altering the metric function and weakening different conditions (see, for example, [9–14]). keywords: metric; point; τω+1 cache: ejpam-6659.pdf plain text: ejpam-6659.txt item: #1837 of 2048 id: ejpam-6660 author: Manoj Sharma; Khan, Waseem Ahmad ; Ugur Duran; Mohd Farman Ali; Ashish Sharma; Anupma Kumari title: On Bell-based Frobenius-type Eulerian Polynomials and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 5777 flesch: 84 summary: = ( (1− µ)2 (e(µ−1)aζ − µ)(e(µ−1)bζ − µ) )α e2abσζ+ρ(eaζ−1)+ρ(ebζ−1), (57) A(ζ) Let B(ζ) = ( (1− µ)2 (e(µ−1)aζ − µ)(e(µ−1)bζ − µ) )α ( 1− ( −µebζ )a) ( 1− ( −µeaζ )b) (µeaζ + 1)(µebζ + 1) e2abσζ+ρ(eaζ−1)+ρ(ebζ−1). keywords: polynomials; ρ;µ cache: ejpam-6660.pdf plain text: ejpam-6660.txt item: #1838 of 2048 id: ejpam-6667 author: Asim, Muhammad ; Suwais, Khaled ; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Some New Weighted Results for the Hardy Operator on Variable-Exponent λ-Central Morrey Space date: 2025 words: 5235 flesch: 79 summary: Function spaces with variable exponents: an introduction. [46] If M is weakly bounded on a Banach function space Y, i.e, ∥χ{Mf>λ}∥Y ≤ λ−1∥f∥Y, (3) where λ > 0 and f ∈ Y, then sup 1 |B| ∥χB∥Y∥χB∥Y′ < +∞. (4) Now we define weighted Banach function space and explain some of their properties. keywords: exponent; function; k=−∞; spaces; variable; wp1 cache: ejpam-6667.pdf plain text: ejpam-6667.txt item: #1839 of 2048 id: ejpam-6668 author: Qawaqneh, Haitham Ali; Khan, Waseem Ahmad ; Aydi, Hassen ; Duran, Ugur ; Ryoo, Cheon Seoung title: A Comprehensive Study of Generalized Bivariate q-Laguerre Polynomials: Structural Properties and Applications date: 2025 words: 5164 flesch: 74 summary: m−1 − D̂−1 q,ξTqm,η, (48) or, equally M̂G2V qLP = ηT(η;m) ( − ∂q ∂qD̂ −1 q,ξ )m−1 Tq,ξ − D̂−1 q,ξ , (49) and P̂G2V qLP = −D̂q,ξξD̂q,ξ = − ∂q ∂qD̂ −1 q,ξ , (50) respectively. H. Qawaqneh et al. / Eur. [m]Lω,q(ξ, η)D̂q,ψ ψω [ω]q! = ∞∑ ω=0 η(− ∂q ∂qD̂ −1 q,ξ )m−1 T(η;m)Tq,ξ − D̂−1 q,ξ  keywords: laguerre; polynomials; q(ξ cache: ejpam-6668.pdf plain text: ejpam-6668.txt item: #1840 of 2048 id: ejpam-6670 author: Khan, Tahir; Jung, II Hyo ; Zaman, Gul ; Khan, Ilyas title: Numerical Assessment of the Hepatitis B Virus Transmission Model Using a Non-standard Finite Difference Scheme and a Feedforward Neural Network date: 2025 words: 7554 flesch: 61 summary: − s2∥+M2∥a1 − a2∥+M3∥c1 − c2∥+ π∥v1 − v2∥. Let M = max{M1,M2,M3, π}, the last inequality can be re-written as ∥f1(y1)− f1(y2)∥ ≤ M ( ∥s1− s2∥+ ∥a1− a2∥+ ∥c1− c2∥+ ∥v1− v2∥ ) λ2∥c1 − c2∥+ µ0∥r1 − r2∥ ≤ Q∥y1 keywords: appl; dynamics; eur; hepatitis; khan; model; network; pure cache: ejpam-6670.pdf plain text: ejpam-6670.txt item: #1841 of 2048 id: ejpam-6679 author: Changphas, Thawhat title: Menger Algebras of Alternating Terms date: 2025 words: 4543 flesch: 91 summary: For any i ∈ I and σ ∈ Alt(n), (1) fi(ωσ(1), ωσ(2), . . . , ωσ(n)) is an n-ary alt-term; (2) . , ϑn)) for any fi, σ ∈ Alt(n), θ1, . . keywords: alt(n cache: ejpam-6679.pdf plain text: ejpam-6679.txt item: #1842 of 2048 id: ejpam-6680 author: Rashid, Maliha ; Kalsoom, Amna ; Masood, Nida; Aloqaily, Ahmad; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Some Convergence Results for the Solution of New Type of Variational Inequalities Associated with Generalized Pseudo-Monotone Mappings in Complete CAT (0) Spaces date: 2025 words: 8080 flesch: 81 summary: One of the numerical methods for solving variational inequality problems (VIP’s) is known as projection method [9–11] which is further expanded to gradient, extragradient and subgradient methods (see, e.g., [12–25] and the references therein). [11], introduced an extragradient method in finite dimensional Euclidean space to obtain solution of variational inequality problem under the mapping of mono- tone and Lipschitz continuous. keywords: inequality; lemma; space; −−→; −−−→; −−−−→; −−−−−→ cache: ejpam-6680.pdf plain text: ejpam-6680.txt item: #1843 of 2048 id: ejpam-6681 author: Odat, Naser; Hazaymeh, Ayman ; Bataihah, Anwar; Hatamleh, Raed; Abu Qamar, Majdoleen; Melhem, Alaa title: Statistical Inference for the Epanechnikov-Burr XII Distribution with Simulation and Case Studies date: 2025 words: 4859 flesch: 62 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 60E05, 62-07 Key Words and Phrases: Burr XII distribution, epanechnikov, maximum likelihood, moment, moment generating function 1. = E(etX) does not exist for the Epanechnikov–Burr XII distribution when t > 0 due to its heavy-tailed nature. keywords: burr; distribution; ebd; function; xii cache: ejpam-6681.pdf plain text: ejpam-6681.txt item: #1844 of 2048 id: ejpam-6682 author: Saadeh, Rania; Al-Kuleab, Naseam; Al-Soudi, Maha; A. . A.Helal, Khadeeja ; Imam, Aymen ; Elshamy, Ibrahim ; Jamiel M. Abdalla, Suliman Jamiel M. Abdalla title: Modeling Dengue Dynamics Using Classical, Caputo Fractional, and Fractal Derivatives date: 2025 words: 6846 flesch: 58 summary: Fractional models, however, cannot account for time variations [21–23]. Specifically, we explore how the role of memory effects in fractional models and spatial heterogeneity in fractal models influence disease transmission dynamics and outbreak generation. keywords: dengue; disease; dynamics; fractal; fractional; models; order; pure; saadeh; transmission cache: ejpam-6682.pdf plain text: ejpam-6682.txt item: #1845 of 2048 id: ejpam-6685 author: Alsulami, Mansoor ; Jan, Rashid; Antonescu, Elisabeta title: Nonlinear Dynamics of Dengue Fever with Vaccination and Saturated Incidence date: 2025 words: 7121 flesch: 62 summary: These computational investigations enable the systematic exploration of disease transmission dynamics over time, offering insights into how infection trajectories evolve in response to varying initial states and parameter regimes. Based on these assumptions, the dynamics of dengue are represented by: dSh dt = Λh − bβ1 1+αhIv ShIv − µhSh − pSh + υRh, dVh dt = pSh − bβ2 1+αhIv VhIv − µhVh, dIh dt = bβ1 1+αhIv ShIv + bβ2 1+αhIv VhIv − (µh + γh + τ)Ih, dRh dt = γhIh + τIh keywords: dengue; fractional; j h; j−1 h; j−1 v; s j; v j cache: ejpam-6685.pdf plain text: ejpam-6685.txt item: #1846 of 2048 id: ejpam-6686 author: Chinnayya, G. ; Ramesh, S. ; Jogarao, G. ; Bandaru, Ravikumar ; Iampan, Aiyared title: Hierarchy Sets in Almost Distributive Lattices and Their Structural Properties date: 2025 words: 5454 flesch: 84 summary: {h ∈ L | a ∧ h = h} (iii) a ≤ b and b ∈ HS imply a ∈ HS (iv) h ∈ HS implies (h] ⊆ HS, where (h] = {h ∧ a | a ∈ L} (v) Ha is an ideal of L. Theorem 1. A proper hierarchy set HS of L is said to be prime, if given a, b ∈ L, a ∧ b ∈ HS implies a ∈ HS or b ∈ HS. keywords: hierarchy cache: ejpam-6686.pdf plain text: ejpam-6686.txt item: #1847 of 2048 id: ejpam-6689 author: Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Amourah, Ala; Al-Maqbali, Abdullrahman ; Alnajar, Omar; Awad, Feras ; Sasa, Tala title: A Class of Bi-Univalent Functions Associated with Shell-Like Geometries and the q-Fibonacci Analogue date: 2025 words: 6685 flesch: 73 summary: = ℓ1z 2 + ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) z2 2 + ( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 − ℓ31 4 ) z3 2 + · · · , (17) A. Alsoboh et al. / Eur. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6689 10 of 19 and Υ(φ(z); q) = 1 + p̂1 [ ℓ1z 2 + ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) z2 2 + ( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 − ℓ31 4 ) z3 2 + · · · ] + p̂2 [ ℓ1z 2 + ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) z2 2 + ( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 − ℓ31 4 ) z3 2 + · · · ]2 + p̂3 [ ℓ1z 2 + ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) keywords: alsoboh; class; functions cache: ejpam-6689.pdf plain text: ejpam-6689.txt item: #1848 of 2048 id: ejpam-6690 author: Afshar, Behnam ; Ameri, Reza ; Al-Tahan, Madeleine title: Zariski Topology of (Krasner) Hyperrings date: 2025 words: 9586 flesch: 82 summary: and I be an ideal of R. (1) Consider R̄ = R/G = {rG; r ∈ R} and rG⊕sG = {tG; t ∈ rG+sG}, rG⊙sG = rsG. Then (R̄,⊕,⊙) is hyperring and 0R̄ = {0}, 1R̄ = G. (3) If R̄ = {r+I; r ∈ R}, r+I⊕s+I = {t+I; t ∈ r+s+I} and r+I⊙s+I = {t+I; t ∈ rs+ I}, then (R̄,⊕,⊙) is general hyperring and Spec(R̄) = {P/I;P ∈ Spec(R)} keywords: hyperideal; hyperring; spec(r cache: ejpam-6690.pdf plain text: ejpam-6690.txt item: #1849 of 2048 id: ejpam-6691 author: Dhivyadharshini, B. ; Senthamarai, R. title: Impact of Awareness Programs on Whitefly Dynamics in Coconut Farming: A Unified DDE and SDE Modeling Approach date: 2025 words: 9766 flesch: 65 summary: In case of the delayed model Eq.(13), the endemic steady-state Ē is locally asymptotically stable for all τ > 0, if the following conditions are satisfied: λ1 > 0, λ4 > 0, λ1λ2 − λ3 > 0, (λ1λ2 − λ3)λ3 − λ21λ4 > 0. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6691 19 of 28 dE = ( ϕHL 1 + γL − kE − bAE ) dt+ √ ϕX1X3dW1− √ kX2dW2− √ bX4X2dW4, (36) dL = (αE − µL− vAL) dt+ √ αdW3− √ µX3dW8, (37) dA = (δ + βE − ξA) dt+ √ δdW6+ √ δdW7− √ ξX4dW9− √ µX3dW12. keywords: appl; awareness; coconut; delay; dhivyadharshini; figure; math; model; pure; rate; senthamarai; time; trees; values; whitefly cache: ejpam-6691.pdf plain text: ejpam-6691.txt item: #1850 of 2048 id: ejpam-6693 author: Kamble, Rajratana; Kulkarni, Pramod title: Numerical Solutions of the SIR Mathematical Model of Computer Viruses Involving Non-linear Fractional Order Differential Equation date: 2025 words: 9460 flesch: 71 summary: The use of non-linear fractional order models is not limited to computer viruses; similar models can be applied to biological systems such as the spread of infectious diseases in populations. Numerical so- lution of fractional order smoking model via laplace adomian decomposition method. keywords: fdtm; fractional; i(t; kamble; kulkarni; ladm; method; pure; r(t; s(t cache: ejpam-6693.pdf plain text: ejpam-6693.txt item: #1851 of 2048 id: ejpam-6694 author: Abushaaban, Amal; El-Atik, Abdelfattah; Embaby, Osama title: Topological Approaches of Graphs using $j$-neighbourhoods and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 10547 flesch: 78 summary: The foundation of topological graph theory, which seeks to apply topological concepts to graph structures, dates back to the foundational work of Kuratowski and others in the early twentieth century. Fifthly, comparison with existing topological graph theories: Conduct a comparative analysis of this new topological approach with existing methods in topological graph theory to identify its strengths, limitations, and potential A. Abushaaban, A. El-Atik, O. Embaby / Eur. keywords: l(sdg; l)(k; l3 l4; ϕ,l(sdg cache: ejpam-6694.pdf plain text: ejpam-6694.txt item: #1852 of 2048 id: ejpam-6698 author: Alsoboh, Abdullah; Tayyah, Adel Salim ; Amourah, Ala ; Al-Maqbali, Abdullrahman A. ; Al Mashraf, Khaled ; Sasa, Tala title: Hankel Determinant Estimates for Bi-Bazilevič-Type Functions Involving  q-Fibonacci Numbers date: 2025 words: 8785 flesch: 79 summary: z2 2 + ( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 − ℓ31 4 ) z3 2 + · · · . z2 2 + ( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 − ℓ31 4 ) z3 2 + · · · ] + p2 [ ℓ1z 2 + · · · ]2 + p3 [ ℓ1z 2 + · · · ]3 + · · · = 1 + p1ℓ1 2 z + 1 2 [( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) p1 + ℓ21 2 p2 ] z2 + 1 2 [( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 + ℓ31 4 ) p1 + ℓ1 ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) p2 + ℓ31 4 p3 ] z3 + · · · = 1 + ϑqℓ1 2 z + 1 2 [( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) ϑq + (1 + 2q)ϑ2qℓ 2 1 2 ] z2 + 1 2 [( ℓ3 − ℓ1ℓ2 + ℓ31 4 ) ϑq + ℓ1 ( ℓ2 − ℓ21 2 ) (1 + 2q)ϑ2q + (1 + 3q)ϑ3qℓ 3 1 4 ] z3 + · · · (17) Similarly, there exists an analytic function ν, defined in D, such that |ν(ξ)| < 1 and p(ξ) = Υ(ν(ξ); q). keywords: alsoboh; class; functions cache: ejpam-6698.pdf plain text: ejpam-6698.txt item: #1853 of 2048 id: ejpam-6699 author: Gowri Senthil; Donganont, Siriluk ; S. Karthick; Balaanandhan Radhakrishnan; Tamilvanan, Kandhasamy title: Hyers-Ulam Stability of Generalized Quartic Mapping in non-Archimedean $(n,\beta)$-normed spaces date: 2025 words: 4799 flesch: 82 summary: Consequences and Illustrative Example in Qp Corollaries and Examples Corollary 4.1 (Classical Non-Archimedean Case) Let E and F be non-Archimedean normed spaces, i.e., (n, β)-normed spaces with n = 1, β = 1. Generalizations of banach and kannan mappings in non-archimedean spaces. keywords: spaces; νn−1 cache: ejpam-6699.pdf plain text: ejpam-6699.txt item: #1854 of 2048 id: ejpam-6704 author: Saqib, Muhammad ; Abbas, Imran; Hasnain, Shahid; Farman, Muhammad ; Hafez, Mohamed title: Stagnation Point Flow of a Casson Hybrid Nanofluid over a Vertical Plate with MHD and Heat Source/Sink Effects date: 2025 words: 10913 flesch: 48 summary: In Hybrid nanofluids for convection heat transfer, pages 215–254. Convection heat transfer. keywords: al2o3; appl; boundary; casson; convection; effects; engineering; eur; flow; heat; heat transfer; hybrid; impact; journal; math; nanofluid; parameter; pure; temperature; values; velocity cache: ejpam-6704.pdf plain text: ejpam-6704.txt item: #1855 of 2048 id: ejpam-6705 author: Batul, Samina ; Qawaqneh, Haitham Ali; Sikandar, Arbab ; Shehzad, Usman; Aydi, Hassen title: Some Fixed Point Results for Monotone Multivalued and Integral Type Contractive Mappings date: 2025 words: 8135 flesch: 81 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25, 54C60 Key Words and Phrases: Fixed point, Gb-metric space, monotone multivalued functions 1. By the definition of Gb-metric space, one has κ(Gb(u, u, w)) keywords: g(t)dt; metric; point cache: ejpam-6705.pdf plain text: ejpam-6705.txt item: #1856 of 2048 id: ejpam-6707 author: Danach, Kassem; Aly, Wael Hosny Fouad; Tarhini, Abbas; Laouadi, Saad title: Toward Transparent Optimization: A Systematic Review of Explainable AI in Decision-Making Systems date: 2025 words: 9563 flesch: 27 summary: In explainable optimization systems, domain expertise and regulatory constraints can be directly incorporated into the mathematical model structure through constraint-based knowledge injection. Addressing these sector-specific challenges requires integrating domain expertise with technical innovation, ensuring that explainable optimization methods are both legally compliant and practically useful. keywords: appl; approaches; constraints; danach; decision; eur; explainability; explanation; interpretability; learning; making; math; methods; models; optimization; pure; research; solution; systems; techniques; xai cache: ejpam-6707.pdf plain text: ejpam-6707.txt item: #1857 of 2048 id: ejpam-6711 author: Yaseen, Lubaba; Zanib, Syeda Alishwa; Abbas, Nadeem; Shatanawi, Wasfi title: Modeling the Spread and Control of Drug Addiction: A Mathematical and Sensitivity Analysis Approach date: 2025 words: 8357 flesch: 63 summary: α2 0 0 0 (1− γ)σ −α3 − Λ1 − ϱ1 − µ λ1 0 0 0 0 This paper presents a comprehensive mathematical model that captures the dynamics of drug addiction by dividing the population into distinct groups: individuals at high and low risk of addiction (Si, Sd), those prone to addiction (P ), active drug users (ID), and people receiving treatment either in hospital (TH) or through outpatient programs (Tp), as well as those who have recovered (R). keywords: addiction; days; drug; model; risk; time; tio; treatment cache: ejpam-6711.pdf plain text: ejpam-6711.txt item: #1858 of 2048 id: ejpam-6713 author: G. , Navamani; N., Sumathi; Dharmaraj, Mohankumar; Cotîrlă, Luminiţa-Ioana ; Breaz, Daniel title: Exploring Certified Domination Subdivision Numbers in Graph Theory date: 2025 words: 6369 flesch: 82 summary: Domination in subdivision graphs. An edge uv ∈ E(G) is subdivided if the edge uv is deleted, but a new vertex called subdivision vertex w is added along with two new edges uw and vw. keywords: graph; set; subdivision; vertex; γcer(g cache: ejpam-6713.pdf plain text: ejpam-6713.txt item: #1859 of 2048 id: ejpam-6723 author: Alraddadi, Ibrahim; Almuaddi, Saad M. title: Frequency Locking and Bifurcation Analysis in Asymmetrically Forced Van der Pol-DuffingModel of Glacial Cycles date: 2025 words: 5999 flesch: 46 summary: Figures 6(a) through 6(c) illustrate the saddle-node bifurcation of the return map as system parameters are varied. [9] established the theoretical framework for under- standing folded singularities and canard trajectories in forced van der Pol systems, while Ashwin et al. (2018) keywords: der; forcing; frequency; locking; parameter; pol; return; system; van cache: ejpam-6723.pdf plain text: ejpam-6723.txt item: #1860 of 2048 id: ejpam-6725 author: Ramadan , Mohamed A.; Adel, Mohamed; Arafa, Heba M. title: A Method Employing Legendre Wavelets and a Finite Iterative Approach for Efficiently Solving Systems of Linear Fredholm Integral Equations date: 2025 words: 7501 flesch: 73 summary: ,M − 1 and the normalized time is denoted by t. The Legendre Polynomials Lm which are obtained in the above definition is proposed as follows: L0(t) C21 ∈ Cn×1 3- Set R1 = diag (F − f (C11 , C21) , (G− g (C11 , C21)) , S1 = AT 1 ( F− f (C11 , C21)) keywords: equations; fredholm; method; ramadan; system cache: ejpam-6725.pdf plain text: ejpam-6725.txt item: #1861 of 2048 id: ejpam-6729 author: Fujita, Takaaki; Smarandache, Florentin title: Property HyperGraphs and Property SuperHyperGraphs for Data Analysis date: 2025 words: 11794 flesch: 74 summary: Group venues by field: FML = {VConfA, VConfB}, FTheory = {VJournalC} ∈ P2(V0), with V (2) = {FML, FTheory} and µ(FML, fieldName) = “Machine Learning”, µ(FML, hIndex) = 120, µ(FTheory, fieldName) = “Theory”, µ(FTheory, hIndex) = 85. Σ = {FOLLOWS, RATED, HAS_GENRE}, K = {type, name, age, city, title, year, rating, date}, S = N ∪ R ∪ Strings. keywords: definition; e(n; fujita; hypergraph; level; property; set; smarandache; superhypergraph; vertices cache: ejpam-6729.pdf plain text: ejpam-6729.txt item: #1862 of 2048 id: ejpam-6732 author: Sultan, Babar; Hussain, Amjad; Sultan, Mehvish; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: Some New Boundedness Results for Variable Marcinkiewicz Fractional Integral Operator on Herz-Morrey-Hardy Spaces date: 2025 words: 5879 flesch: 85 summary: − v − n s (ii) − n q1∞ − v − n s < α∞ < n q′1∞ − v − n s . − ln |h1 − h2| , |h1 − h2| ≤ 1 2 , h1, h2 ∈ E, (1.3) where C(p) > 0. keywords: herz; m0<0,m0∈z; m0∑; spaces; sultan; sup; |λi|u cache: ejpam-6732.pdf plain text: ejpam-6732.txt item: #1863 of 2048 id: ejpam-6734 author: Maha Abdalla Abdou; Mohamed, Amany Saad title: Comparative Analysis of the Differential Transform Method and Generalized Fibonacci Collocation Method for Solving Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 5878 flesch: 72 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6734 17 of 20 Figure 8: Approximate and exact solutions at i=3, λ1 = 2, λ2 = 1 for Example 4 methods may solve higher-order, coupled, and fractional differential equations. Spectral tau algorithm for certain cou- pled system of fractional differential equations via generalized fibonacci polynomial M. A. Abdou, A. S. Mohamed / Eur. keywords: differential; equations; fractional; method cache: ejpam-6734.pdf plain text: ejpam-6734.txt item: #1864 of 2048 id: ejpam-6737 author: Chithra, S. M.; Thangathamizh, R.; Gupta, Shivani ; Govindan, Vediyappan; Donganont, Mana title: Fractal Fractional Modelling of Social Media Addiction with Mittag generalized Decay Stability and Recovery Analysis date: 2025 words: 7328 flesch: 59 summary: Social media addiction impacts mental health, social interaction, and productivity levels significantly. Social media addiction (SMA) is presently defined as a serious phenomenon, simulating other types of addiction like alcohol or drug abuse. keywords: abc(η; addiction; dynamics; fractional; media; model; tϑ−1 cache: ejpam-6737.pdf plain text: ejpam-6737.txt item: #1865 of 2048 id: ejpam-6739 author: Nasli Bakir, Aissa ; Fellag Ariouat , Ayyoub ; Benali, Abdelkader ; Alraddadi, Ibrahim ; Almuaddi, Saad M. title: Invariant Subspace Problem for Norm Attaining Operators date: 2025 words: 3564 flesch: 76 summary: = inf{∥Tu∥ : u ∈ H and ∥u∥ = 1} is said to be the minimum modulus of T ∈ B(H), and the quantity me(T ) It is known that quasi-∗-paranormal operators are normaloid, that is, r(T ) keywords: norm; operators; quasi-∗-paranormal cache: ejpam-6739.pdf plain text: ejpam-6739.txt item: #1866 of 2048 id: ejpam-6741 author: Nasib, Uzma ; Khan, Jamshed ; Saleem Akhtar, Sumaira ; Haque, Salma; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Ricci Solitons and Their Associated Vector Fields in Locally Rotationally Symmetric Bianchi Type I Spacetime date: 2025 words: 5813 flesch: 67 summary: Implications for Spacetime Evolution and Stability The discovery of Ricci soliton solutions within the LRS Bianchi-I framework has pro- found implications for understanding the possible evolution and stability of such space- times. The LRS Bianchi-I spacetime admits a rich variety of Ricci soliton solutions, in- cluding shrinking (δ > 0), steady (δ = 0), and expanding (δ < 0) types. keywords: ricci; solitons; spacetime; vector cache: ejpam-6741.pdf plain text: ejpam-6741.txt item: #1867 of 2048 id: ejpam-6743 author: Mangontarum, Mahid; Madid, Norlailah M.; Campong, Asnawi A. title: Integral Formulas for the Noncentral Tanny-Dowling Polynomials date: 2025 words: 2104 flesch: 66 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 11B83, 11B73 Key Words and Phrases: Geometric polynomial, exponential polynomial, noncentral Tanny- Dowling polynomial, noncentral Dowling polynomial 1. (20) The next theorem provides an integral representation of the noncentral Tanny-Dowling polynomials in terms of noncentral Dowling polynomials. keywords: noncentral; polynomials cache: ejpam-6743.pdf plain text: ejpam-6743.txt item: #1868 of 2048 id: ejpam-6745 author: Yousef, Feras ; Alholi, Maryam M ; Al-Hawary, Tariq title: Geometric Characterizations of Imaginary Error Functions in Subclasses of Spirallike Analytic Functions date: 2025 words: 4334 flesch: 80 summary: Error functions inequalities. The radius of starlikeness for error function. keywords: functions; ϵ=2 cache: ejpam-6745.pdf plain text: ejpam-6745.txt item: #1869 of 2048 id: ejpam-6749 author: Zorom, Malicki; Leye, Babacar ; Diop, Mamadou ; Coly, Serigne M'backé ; Lawane Gana, Abdou ; Bologo/Traore , Maïmouna ; Niang, Dial title: Mathematical Modelling of Radicalization and Terrorism Dynamics date: 2025 words: 18050 flesch: 48 summary: After extensive algebraic manipulation using all equilibrium relationships and the strategic choice of constants, we obtain: dV2 dt = −T ∗S∗ S [ (S − S∗)2 S∗ + k(T − T ∗)2 T ∗ ] ≤ 0 (46) The equality dV2 dt = 0 holds if and only if S = S∗ and T = T ∗, which by the system dynamics implies Q = Q∗. M. Zorom et al. / Eur. For terrorism models, this translates to the expected number of new terrorists created by a single terrorist during their entire period of terrorist activity when introduced into a completely susceptible population. keywords: analysis; appl; bifurcation; dynamics; equilibrium; eur; figure; global; mathematical; parameter; population; pure; rate; sensitivity; stability; system; terrorism; zorom cache: ejpam-6749.pdf plain text: ejpam-6749.txt item: #1870 of 2048 id: ejpam-6750 author: Puebla, Julito title: Analysis of Monkeypox Transmission Dynamics Incorporating Quarantine and Surface Contamination date: 2025 words: 6376 flesch: 61 summary: [20] O. Diekmann, J. A. P. Heesterbeek, and J. A. J. Metz. However, the 2022 outbreak DOI: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i4.6750 Email address: julito.puebla@csucc.edu.ph (J. A. Puebla Jr.) https://www.ejpam.com 1 keywords: equilibrium; model; monkeypox; seiqr; transmission cache: ejpam-6750.pdf plain text: ejpam-6750.txt item: #1871 of 2048 id: ejpam-6752 author: Salih, Rizgar title: Center Bifurcation for the Smallest Bimolecular Mass-Action System date: 2025 words: 5018 flesch: 67 summary: − 4534b1 − 1969c1 − 855d1). K is the sum of the diagonal minors of (2) and K = k4 (k3 − k1 − k2), • keywords: bifurcation; center; equilibrium; point; system cache: ejpam-6752.pdf plain text: ejpam-6752.txt item: #1872 of 2048 id: ejpam-6753 author: Kara, Karahan; Yalçın, Galip Cihan; Simic, Vladimir; Pamucar, Dragan title: Type-2 Neutrosophic Aczel-Alsina Hamy Mean Aggregation Operators for Multiple-Attribute Decision-Making Problems date: 2025 words: 9608 flesch: 73 summary: [0, 1]. =⇒ 0 ≤ T̃Ñ (z) ≤ 1. ĨÑ (z) = ⟨ e − ( 1 Cτ n ∑ 1≤i1<··· φ j (0≤ φ j < 1; j = 1,2; z ∈ U), (45) then Re � (1+λ)zp( f1 ∗ f2)(z) + λ p zp+1( f1 ∗ f2)(z)) ′ � > keywords: s(α1 cache: ejpam-676.pdf plain text: ejpam-676.txt item: #1876 of 2048 id: ejpam-6761 author: Al-Zu’bi, Fadi; Ahmad, Abd Ghafur ; Alkouri, Abd Ulazeez ; Darus , Maslina ; Damrah, Sadeq title: Bipolar-Valued Fuzzy Subgroups, Normal Subgroups, and Homomorphisms on Dib’s Fuzzy Space date: 2025 words: 11622 flesch: 76 summary: Also, the bipolar valued fuzzy subgroups are induced by bipolar valued fuzzy subsets and then a relationship between bipolar valued fuzzy subgroups and classical fuzzy subgroups in terms of induction is demonstrated. Theorem 4. (Sl(B), F ), (Su(B), F ) and (S◦(B), F ) are bipolar valued fuzzy subgroups of ((G, [−1, 0], [0, 1]), F ) iff : (1) xFy ∈ B◦, ∀x, y ∈ B◦, (6) (2) f−xy(B −(x), B−(y)) keywords: bipolar; bvf; fuzzy; group; subgroup cache: ejpam-6761.pdf plain text: ejpam-6761.txt item: #1877 of 2048 id: ejpam-6763 author: Khalid, Diar; Shawki, Shazad; Hama-Faraj, Karwan title: Employing Cubic B-Spline Functions to Solve Linear Systems of Volterra Integro-Fractional Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients date: 2025 words: 12909 flesch: 87 summary: − x?r)(sξ − a)1−βij 2(Nh)3Γ(4− βij) ·  ϑj0 [ −3(Nh)2(2− βij)(3− βij) + 6(Nh)(3− βij)− 6(sξ − a)2 ] + 3ϑj1 [ (Nh)2(2− βij)(3− βij)− 4(Nh)(3− βij)(sξ − xr Bk−1 r (x) + xr+k+1 − x xr+k+1 − xr+1 Bk−1 r+1 (x) (7) Remark 1 ([29]). keywords: ahmed; b{c,3; fractional; method; r+1; spline; x?r+1 cache: ejpam-6763.pdf plain text: ejpam-6763.txt item: #1878 of 2048 id: ejpam-6764 author: Suwais, Khaled ; Mlaiki, Nabil ; Barak, Shoaib ; Ali, Rashid title: Novel Quasi-Periodic Type Optical Solitons and the Formation of Fractal Structures in Non-integrable Nonlinear Helmholtz Equations with Phase Portraits and Chaotic Analysis date: 2025 words: 8266 flesch: 71 summary: [20, 21], which is remarkably effective and reliable, is used here to de- rive and investigate a special class of optical soliton solutions for coupled NHEs. For the aimed NHEs, this research exploration presents and analyzes new types of optical soliton solutions in the shape of the exponential, hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions with the aid of unified approach. keywords: soliton; solutions; µ2 = cache: ejpam-6764.pdf plain text: ejpam-6764.txt item: #1879 of 2048 id: ejpam-6774 author: Adel, Mohamed; Khader, M. M.; Pamucar, Dragan ; Ahmad, Hijaz title: Efficient Treatment of Some Important Fractal-Fractional Models: Theoretical and Numerical Study date: 2025 words: 4422 flesch: 66 summary: The Brusselator model We will show a numerical simulation on a test case of the system, to show the quality and correctness of the given numerical method (26) in the interval [0, 4], h = 0.01 where fractional order % ∈ (0, 1], and fractal dimension ξ ∈ (0, 1], with different values of δ, γ, with initial conditions θ1,0 = θ2,0 = 1. − y − tj tj − tj−1 t%−1 j−1 f1 (Υ1,Υ2,Υ3,Υ4, tj−1) ] dy = ˆ̄Υ1 + % Γ(ξ) n∑ j=0 ∫ tj+1 tj (tn+1 − y)ξ−1 keywords: fractal; fractional; model; numerical; system; tj−1 cache: ejpam-6774.pdf plain text: ejpam-6774.txt item: #1880 of 2048 id: ejpam-6775 author: Leo Amalraj, J. Leo ; Shukla, Pankaj ; Maguluri, Lakshmana Phaneendra ; Donganont, Siriluk; Avinash, N.; Govindan, Vediyappan title: Backward Bifurcation and Optimal Control in an Age-Structured SVI Epidemic Model date: 2025 words: 12904 flesch: 66 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6775 27 of 32 Figure 5: Optimal treatment control α(t, x) at infection ages x = 0, 10, 20 for the age-structured SVI model (system (1)), comparing Scenario 1 (equal costs, solid lines) and Scenario 2 (higher treatment cost, dashed lines). According to the arithmetic–geometric mean inequality, both terms 2 − S S0 − S0 S and 3 − V V 0 − S0 S − S S0 V 0 V are nonnegative and the equality holds if and only if S = S0 and V = V 0. keywords: age; amalraj; appl; bifurcation; control; disease; eur; leo; math; model; pure; system; treatment cache: ejpam-6775.pdf plain text: ejpam-6775.txt item: #1881 of 2048 id: ejpam-6776 author: Amalraj, J. Leo ; Balamurugan, Manivannan ; Avinash, N.; Shukla, Pankaj ; Rajesh, M. V.; Govindan, Vediyappan; Donganont, Siriluk title: Stochastic Dynamics of Epidemic Models with Resource Constraints: Extinction and Ergodicity date: 2025 words: 7055 flesch: 69 summary: Unlike clas- sical deterministic models that exhibit backward and Hopf bifurcations, stochastic models incorpo- rating white noise perturbations capture more realistic outbreak scenarios by smoothing transitions and expanding extinction regions. In epidemiology, stochastic models enhance the understanding of irregular epidemic patterns, such as those observed in COVID-19, by accounting for demographic noise and environmental disturbances keywords: disease; epidemic; lim; models; stochastic cache: ejpam-6776.pdf plain text: ejpam-6776.txt item: #1882 of 2048 id: ejpam-678 author: Das, Ananga Kumar title: Simultaneous Generalizations of Regularity and Normality date: 2011 words: 3252 flesch: 84 summary: Every Lindelöf θ -regular space is normal. Throughout the present paper, the closure of a set A will be denoted by A or clA and the interior by intA. A set U ⊂ X is said to be regularly open if U = intU . keywords: -regular; set cache: ejpam-678.pdf plain text: ejpam-678.txt item: #1883 of 2048 id: ejpam-6781 author: Jitman, Somphong; Mohammad, Mohd Sham; Sangwisut, Ekkasit title: Classification and Enumeration of Primitive Eisenstein Triples using Prime Factorization Techniques date: 2025 words: 6196 flesch: 76 summary: Eisenstein Triples In this section, some properties and geometric interpretation of Eisenstein triples are recalled in terms of triangles with a 60◦ angle. From Eisenstein Triples to the ω-Rational Unit Circle This section presents a connection between Eisenstein triples and points on the ω- rational unit circle (see (3) for the definition). keywords: eisenstein; g(q; triples cache: ejpam-6781.pdf plain text: ejpam-6781.txt item: #1884 of 2048 id: ejpam-6783 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman; Rabaiah, Ayat title: MR-Metric Spaces: Theory, Applications, and Fixed-Point Theorems in Fuzzy and Measure-Theoretic Frameworks date: 2025 words: 3229 flesch: 70 summary: [10], offering a unified framework for uncer- tainty quantification. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54E50, 47H10, 28E10, 26A33, 60B10 Key Words and Phrases: MR-metric spaces, fuzzy fixed points, Radon-Nikodym derivative, measure concentration, Hausdorff metric, neutrosophic sets 1. Examples and Applications Section 3 demonstrates the versatility of MR-metrics: (i) Medical Diagnosis: Fuzzy mappings F model symptom-diagnosis relations, with Theorem 1 guaranteeing unique fuzzy fixed points (e.g., COVID-19 diagnosis). (ii) Sensor Networks: keywords: malkawi; metric; point; spaces cache: ejpam-6783.pdf plain text: ejpam-6783.txt item: #1885 of 2048 id: ejpam-6792 author: Anantayasethi, Ananya; Sangsura, Kittisak ; Sarasit, Napaporn title: Direct Product of Q-algebras date: 2025 words: 4528 flesch: 83 summary: Since 0i ∈ Xi for all i ∈ I, then (0i)i∈I ∈ ∏ i∈I Xi. Properties (Q1) and (Q2) imply that (0i)i∈I ⊛ (0i)i∈I = (0i)i∈I ∈ S, (ai)i∈I ⊛ (ai)i∈I = (0i)i∈I ∈ S) and (ai)i∈I ⊛ (0i)i∈I = (ai)i∈I ∈ S. Since (ai)i∈I ∈ G( ∏ i∈I Xi), then (0i)i∈I ⊛ (ai)i∈I = (ai)i∈I . keywords: ai)i∈i; i∈i cache: ejpam-6792.pdf plain text: ejpam-6792.txt item: #1886 of 2048 id: ejpam-6793 author: Zayed, Mohra title: Exponential Bases of  Cliffordian Polynomials in Fréchet Modules date: 2025 words: 6102 flesch: 75 summary: Suppose that the elements {Qn,k} of the Clifford matrix of coefficients of the SBSMPs {Qn(x)} satisfy{ |Qn,k| ≤M bn−k n+1 αk, 0 ≤ k < n, M ≥ 1 Qn,n = αn, (12) where {αn} is a bounded sequence of positive numbers, k and b are finite positive numbers. Consider the SBSMPs {Qn(x)} for which Qn,k = { αn, k = n, bn−k n+1 αk, 0 ≤ k < n, (18) where αi = 1 i+1 for i = k, n. keywords: base; clifford; polynomials; qn(x cache: ejpam-6793.pdf plain text: ejpam-6793.txt item: #1887 of 2048 id: ejpam-6795 author: Khan , Saraj ; Asjad, M. Imran; Aslam, Muhammad Naeem ; Alqarni , M.S ; Guran, Liliana title: Prediction of Thermal Behavior in Ferromagnetic Carreau Fluids Using Neural Networks Algorithm date: 2025 words: 9204 flesch: 49 summary: On heat transfer in carreau fluid flow with thermal slip: an artificial intelligence (ai) based decisions integrated with lie symmetry. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 76W05, 80A20, 68T07, 76A05 Key Words and Phrases: Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, ferromagnetic Carreau fluid, ther- mal boundary layer, thermal behavior prediction, magnetohydrodynamics ∗Corresponding author. keywords: appl; carreau; concentration; et al; ferromagnetic; figure; flow; fluid; heat; khan; lmt; math; network; neural; number; pure; temperature; thermal; transfer cache: ejpam-6795.pdf plain text: ejpam-6795.txt item: #1888 of 2048 id: ejpam-6796 author: Azizbayov, Elvin Ibrahim; Safarova, Aynur title: An Inverse Problem for a Parabolic Equation with Nonlocal Boundary Conditions and Two-point Overdetermination date: 2025 words: 6632 flesch: 75 summary: Nonlocal inverse problem for determination of time derivative coefficient in a second-order parabolic equation. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 35R30, 35K10, 35A09, 35A01, 35A02 Key Words and Phrases: Inverse problem, parabolic equation, nonlocal conditions, classical solution, existence, uniqueness 1. keywords: a1(s; a1(τ; ds t∫; inverse; k a1(s; problem; λ2k; λ2k a1(s; − t∫ cache: ejpam-6796.pdf plain text: ejpam-6796.txt item: #1889 of 2048 id: ejpam-6798 author: Jawad, Muhammad; Hoskova-Mayerova, Sarka; Nigar, Niat; Mateen, Muhamad Haris title: An Innovative Method for Employing Complex Intuitionistic Fuzzy Ideals in $\mathcal{B}\mathcal{C}\mathds{K}/ \mathcal{B}\mathcal{C}\mathcal{I}$-Algebras date: 2025 words: 8920 flesch: 83 summary: [35] An IFS L of M is known as an IFSA of M if it meets (i) µL(0) ≥ µL(s), (ii) νL(0) ≤ νL(s), (iii) µL(s ⋆ l) ≥ µL(s) ∧ µL(l), ∀s, l ∈ M , (iv) νL(s ⋆ l) ≤ νL(s) ∨ νL(l), ∀s, l ∈ M . A CIFS L = (s, µL(s), νL(s)) is considered a CIFSA of M if s, l ∈ M , and it satisfies following: (i) keywords: bck; cifi; cifs; complex; l l cache: ejpam-6798.pdf plain text: ejpam-6798.txt item: #1890 of 2048 id: ejpam-6802 author: Ramaswamy, Rajagopalan title: Fixed Point Theorems on Multiplicative Cone Bipolar Metric Space and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 6133 flesch: 86 summary: Consider q0 ∈ B & ϑ0 ∈ F then for each ℓ ∈ N ∪ {0}, we define Sq2ℓ = ϑ2ℓ,Ωq2ℓ+1 = ϑ2ℓ+1,Sϑ2ℓ = q2ℓ+1,Ωϑ2ℓ+1 = q2ℓ+2. Let q0 ∈ B & ϑ0 ∈ F then for each ℓ ∈ N ∪ {0}, define Sq2ℓ = ϑ2ℓ,Ωq2ℓ+1 keywords: point; α(q0; α(qℓ cache: ejpam-6802.pdf plain text: ejpam-6802.txt item: #1891 of 2048 id: ejpam-6803 author: Ahmad Shafee; Yousuf Alkhezi; Kavikumar Jacob title: Data-Driven Modeling of Boussinesq-Burgers Equations: Comparing Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) with Exact Solutions date: 2025 words: 5078 flesch: 58 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6803 11 of 18 Figure 7: Exact solution and PINN solution ϕ(α, β) at specific time values. Figure 8: Exact solution and PINN solution ρ(α, β) at specific time values. keywords: appl; equations; error; eur; exact; math; networks; nonlinear; physics; pinn; pure; solution cache: ejpam-6803.pdf plain text: ejpam-6803.txt item: #1892 of 2048 id: ejpam-6804 author: Alshammari, Amal; Maan, Normah; A. M. Abdelaziz, Mahmoud title: Fractional Discrete-Time Modeling and Analysis of Oncolytic Adenovirus Therapy with Tumor-Specific Immune Response date: 2025 words: 10417 flesch: 62 summary: +(Sζ1 − 4)(S3ζ3 − 2S2ζ2 + 3Sζ1 − 4)− (S3ζ3 − 2S2ζ2 + 3Sζ1 − 4)2 − S2ζ2 + 3Sζ1 − 5 > 0. (15) − k23 − k2 + 1 > 0. (12) (Using Theorem 2), E4 is asymptotically stable if there exist feedback gains (j1, j2, j3, j4) satisfying (12); otherwise, E4 is unstable. keywords: ai3; ai4; bifurcation; cancer; cells; figure; immune; math; model; oncolytic; system; tumor; virotherapy; virus; γ(1 cache: ejpam-6804.pdf plain text: ejpam-6804.txt item: #1893 of 2048 id: ejpam-6810 author: Batul, Samina; Qawaqneh, Haitham; Ulfat, Hira; Sagheer, Dur-e-Shehwar; Aydi, Hassen title: Fixed Point Theorems for Mappings Contracting Perimeter of Triangles Embedded with F-Contractions in b-Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 7534 flesch: 86 summary: Additionally, we construct examples of mappings contracting perimeters of triangles embedded with F-contractions which are not contraction mappings in the framework of b-metric spaces. Fur- thermore, we provide examples of mappings that contract the perimeters of triangles embedded with F-contractions in b-MSs, but do not qualify as contraction mappings in the traditional sense. keywords: contraction; σb(η cache: ejpam-6810.pdf plain text: ejpam-6810.txt item: #1894 of 2048 id: ejpam-6813 author: Al-Naimi, Rajaa; Al-Labadi, Manal; Audeh, Wasim; Oudetallah, Jamal; Rehman, Mutti-Ur; Alangood, Dheyaa title: Properties and Applications of Generalized Numerical Radius in Block Matrix Structures date: 2025 words: 4945 flesch: 68 summary: The introduction of partial matrices of numerical radius w(1)(A) and w(2)(A), which provide new geometric insights into block matrix behavior. Additionally, we develop relationships with classical matrix parameters and establish structural theorems for block matrices. keywords: block; matrix; numerical; radius cache: ejpam-6813.pdf plain text: ejpam-6813.txt item: #1895 of 2048 id: ejpam-6820 author: Lavanya, M. ; Sundara Vadivoo, B.; Alraddadi, Ibrahim; Pamucar, Dragan ; Oqilat, Osama ; Ahmad, Hijaz title: Stochastic Stability and Controllability Analysis of Impulsive Multi-Term Fractional Differential System date: 2025 words: 5909 flesch: 70 summary: r 0 (r − s)n−x−1a(n)(s)ds, n− 1 < x ≤ n, n ∈ N For each r ∈ (rt, rt+1], t = 1, 2, 3..., s, we obtain (Λa)(r) = ∫ r 0 pm(r − q)δdq + x∑ g=1 ug r m−1pm,1+m−Ng(r)δ + s∑ θ=1 Jθ(a(r − θ )) (11) + ∫ r 0 (r − q)m−1pm,m(r − q)[V (q, a(q)) + Ey(q)]dq + ∫ r 0 (r − q)m−1pm,m(r − q)H(q, a(q))dξ(q) The control of (9), for each r ∈ (0, r1], for a0 ∈ R y(r) = (r − q)m−1d∗pm,m(r − q)E{a0 − ∫ r 0 pm(r − q)δdq (12) − x∑ g=1 ug r m−1pm,1+m−Ng(r)δ − ∫ r 0 (r − q)m−1pm,m(r − q)[V (q, a(q))]dq − ∫ r 0 (r − q)m−1pm,m(r − q)H(q, a(q))dξ(q)/Gs} keywords: fractional; g=1; m(r −; pm(r −; r m−1pm,1+m−ng(r)δ; r −; stochastic; − q)m−1pm; − q)δdq cache: ejpam-6820.pdf plain text: ejpam-6820.txt item: #1896 of 2048 id: ejpam-6834 author: Fujita, Takaaki; Smarandache, Florentin title: Hierarchical Uncertainty Modeling via (m, n)-Superhyperuncertainand (h, k)-ary (m, n)-Superhyperuncertain Sets: Unified Extensions of Fuzzy, Neutrosophic, Soft, Rough, and Plithogenic Set Theories date: 2025 words: 24671 flesch: 72 summary: For m = n = h = k = 1, an (1, 1)-ary (1, 1)-SuperhyperSoft Set is a map F : P̃1(S) → P̃1(U), e.g. F ({a}) Every classical soft set Fcl : S → P(U) is naturally represented by an (h, k)-ary (m,n)-SuperhyperSoft Set with m = n = h = k keywords: appl; define; eur; f.smarandache; fujita; f−1; level; math; nonempty; pcf; proof; pure; set; sets; theorem; ˜pdf cache: ejpam-6834.pdf plain text: ejpam-6834.txt item: #1897 of 2048 id: ejpam-6835 author: Fujita, Takaaki; Smarandache, Florentin title: Random n-SuperHyperGraphs: A Probabilistic Model and Generation Algorithm for Hierarchical Networks date: 2025 words: 9258 flesch: 67 summary: But random graph models assume independent edge formation, ignore higher-order correlations, lack hierarchical structure, and cannot capture multi-scale interactions or nested dependencies present in real-world networks. While random graph and hypergraph models form edges independently with prob- ability p, they do not account for higher-order, multi-scale, or nested dependencies often observed in real-world networks. keywords: appl; eur; fujita; fuzzy; graph; hypergraph; math; neutrosophic; probability; pure; set; smarandache; superhypergraph cache: ejpam-6835.pdf plain text: ejpam-6835.txt item: #1898 of 2048 id: ejpam-6837 author: Alwadani, Salihah title: Further Study on R-Sets Operator in Acyclic Fashion date: 2025 words: 5095 flesch: 85 summary: − ∥xn − x∥2 + 2 ⟨x, x − y⟩ − ∥x − y∥2 = ∥xn − y∥2 − ∥xn − x∥2 + 2 ⟨x, x − y⟩ − ⟨x − y, x − y⟩ = ∥xn − y∥2 − ∥xn − x∥2 + ∥x∥2 − ∥y∥2 (∀n ∈ N) 2 ⟨xn, x − y⟩ = ∥xn − y∥2 − ∥xn − x∥2 + ∥x∥2 − ∥y∥2 (21) (⟨xn, x − y⟩)n∈N converges as well. − T[C1 ...CN ]xnk , T[C1...CN ]xnk − T[C1 ...CN ]x 〉 + ∥xnk − x∥2 − ∥xnk − x∥2 − 2 〈 xnk − x, keywords: fix; t[c1 cache: ejpam-6837.pdf plain text: ejpam-6837.txt item: #1899 of 2048 id: ejpam-6838 author: Abd-Elhameed, W. M.; Alshehri, H. M. ; M.H. Alharbi; Adel, Mohamed; Atta, A. G. title: Tau Approach for the Time-Fractional Diffusion Equation Using Certain Chebyshev Polynomials date: 2025 words: 8514 flesch: 76 summary: Computational analysis of fractional diffusion equations occurring in oil pollution. High performance adaptive step size fractional numerical scheme for solving fractional differential equations. keywords: abd; appl; elhameed; equation; fractional; math; method; polynomials; λ(x cache: ejpam-6838.pdf plain text: ejpam-6838.txt item: #1900 of 2048 id: ejpam-6841 author: Javed, Khalil; Nazam, Muhammad; Arshad, Muhammad; De la Sen, Manuel title: Applications and Theoretical Foundations of Best Proximity Points in Generalized Interpolative Proximal Contractions date: 2025 words: 8173 flesch: 79 summary: In the absence of a precise solution, best proximity point theorems investigate the existence of such best proximity points for approximate solutions to the fixed point problem. In fact, best proxim- ity point theorems look into the possibility of such best proximity point for approximate solutions to the fixed point equation P(b) = b in the absence of a precise solution. keywords: contraction cache: ejpam-6841.pdf plain text: ejpam-6841.txt item: #1901 of 2048 id: ejpam-6847 author: Azmi, Fatima M.; Ansari, Arsalan Hojjat; Petroudi, Seyyed Hossein Jafari title: Extending F-Contraction Theory: Fixed Points in Triple-Controlled S-Metric Spaces date: 2025 words: 9992 flesch: 85 summary: Our results significantly extend the classical (αs-F)-contraction framework by proving the exis- tence and uniqueness of fixed points under these generalized settings. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25 Key Words and Phrases: Fixed point, triple controlled S-metric type spaces, (αs, µs, (Q,h)− F)-contraction, S-metric spaces, pair (Q,h) upper class 1. keywords: metric cache: ejpam-6847.pdf plain text: ejpam-6847.txt item: #1902 of 2048 id: ejpam-6848 author: Deka, Upama; Das, Bhanita; Roushdy, Noura; Eliwa, Mohamed title: Efficient Estimation via Record Ranked Set Sampling for Copula-Linked Bivariate Exponentiated Inverted Weibull Distributions date: 2025 words: 8383 flesch: 65 summary: The study of concomitants of record values (CRV) is a relatively recent yet important development in the field of ordered random variables. Parallel work by [21, 22] focused on the Fisher information contained in record values and their concomitants. keywords: blue; concomitants; crrss; distribution; record; set; values cache: ejpam-6848.pdf plain text: ejpam-6848.txt item: #1903 of 2048 id: ejpam-6849 author: Tayab, Jerry; Jamil, Ferdinand; Aniversario, Imelda title: Vertex-Edge Dominating Sets of Some Graphs Under Binary Operations date: 2025 words: 9983 flesch: 89 summary: Let S ⊆ V (GG) be a γve-set of GG with v ∈ S. Let S∗ = {w ∈ V (G − v) : w ∈ S}, and put T = S∗ ∪ (S ∩ V (G − v)). A subset S ⊆ V (G) is a vertex-edge dominating set of G if for each xy ∈ E(G), there exists u ∈ S such that u vertex-edge dominates xy. keywords: dominating; set cache: ejpam-6849.pdf plain text: ejpam-6849.txt item: #1904 of 2048 id: ejpam-6851 author: Molles, Jerra Mae ; Jamil, Ferdinand; Canoy Jr, Sergio title: Strong and Weak Dominating Sets of Graphs Under Some Binary Operations date: 2025 words: 8345 flesch: 93 summary: Since S ∈ Γs(G), there exists u ∈ S for which v ≼ u. Necessarily, degG(u) To prove (i), let v ∈ V (G) \A. There exists u ∈ S for which v ≼G◦H u. Since degG◦H(v) > degG◦H(w) for all w ∈ V (Hv), u /∈ keywords: set; γs(g cache: ejpam-6851.pdf plain text: ejpam-6851.txt item: #1905 of 2048 id: ejpam-6859 author: Alotaibi, Abdulaziz ; Al-Tahat, khalid; Aljamal, Khaled Mustafa title: On Finite Groups with Transfer Maps and Weak Closure date: 2025 words: 3177 flesch: 76 summary: Then P g is another Sylow p-subgroup of G, so there exists x ∈ G such that P g = P x, or equivalently gx−1 ∈ NG(P ). This is the natural projection map that sends each element g ∈ G to its coset in the quotient group G/Ǵ. The transfer homomorphism v from G → G/Ǵ is defined as: v(g) keywords: group cache: ejpam-6859.pdf plain text: ejpam-6859.txt item: #1906 of 2048 id: ejpam-6864 author: Sarfraz , Mehwish ; Alharbi, Talal title: Supplier Selection Using the TAOV Method under T-Spherical Fuzzy Soft Environment with Aczel-Alsina Operators date: 2025 words: 12364 flesch: 82 summary: 1 λ  Definition 9: Consider that Ξij = (∆Ξij ,ΘΞij , φΞij ) is a set of T-SFSVs, and define T -SFSAAWG : L∗A → L∗ as: T -SFSAAWG(Ξ11,Ξ22, . . . Then T- SFSAAWA operator is a mapping T − SFSAAWA : L∗A → L∗ and is defined as: T − SFSAAWA(E11, E22, . . . keywords: e −; fuzzy; i=1 ϱi(−; ij=1; j=1 ζj; ln(θt; ln(φt ξij; method; operators; ξij; ξnm; ϱi(− ln(1−∆t; ϱi(− ln(φt; ∑m j=1; ∑n i=1 cache: ejpam-6864.pdf plain text: ejpam-6864.txt item: #1907 of 2048 id: ejpam-6865 author: Tamimi, Shreen; Alomari, A.K.; Alaroud, Mohammad title: Two Numerical Approaches to Solving Fractional Differential Equations with a Generalized Mittag–Leffler Kernel Using Bernstein Polynomials date: 2025 words: 5945 flesch: 71 summary: This paper presents a solution to fractional differential equations containing three parameters, utilizing Bernstein polynomials through two efficient computational approaches. Successive midpoint method for fractional differential equations with nonlocal kernels: keywords: abc; approach; equations; fractional; solution cache: ejpam-6865.pdf plain text: ejpam-6865.txt item: #1908 of 2048 id: ejpam-6866 author: Yaseen, Maha; Alrimawi, Fadi title: Simulating Compositional Meaning in Natural Language Using Cartesian Decomposition and Tensor Product Operations date: 2025 words: 5715 flesch: 42 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47A80, 15A03 ,47S40, 03B65, 91F20, 18C50 Key Words and Phrases: Cartesian decomposition, tensor product, compositional semantics, vector space models, operator theory, linguistic modeling, sustainable digital linguistics 1. Word Vectors and Semantic Dimensions In vector space semantics, words are mapped onto high-dimensional spaces where each dimension encodes a latent semantic feature. keywords: decomposition; framework; hermitian; language; matrix; meaning; model; semantics; skew; tensor; vector cache: ejpam-6866.pdf plain text: ejpam-6866.txt item: #1909 of 2048 id: ejpam-6869 author: Al Kalbani, Khamis ; Anakira, Nidal ; Uddin, M. J. ; Al Jassar, Ali ; Amourah, Ala; Sasa, Tala title: Multi-Parametric Study of Convective Heat Transfer in a Magnetized Wavy Cavity Using Hybrid Nanofluids for Thermal Management Applications date: 2025 words: 7388 flesch: 52 summary: The results show that increasing the Rayleigh number significantly enhances convective heat transfer, while variations in base fluid composition lead to only marginal differences in the average Nusselt number. Convective heat transfer, a key process in these systems, is often limited by the thermophysical properties of conventional fluids, such as water, ethylene glycol (EG), or their mixtures. keywords: flow; fluid; heat; hybrid; nanofluid; number; pure; rayleigh; transfer; wall; water; wavy cache: ejpam-6869.pdf plain text: ejpam-6869.txt item: #1910 of 2048 id: ejpam-6875 author: Carillo, Shan Kierstin; Serra, Ian Jay title: Optimized Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model for Nowcasting the Philippine Gross Domestic Product date: 2025 words: 5455 flesch: 59 summary: (β1, β2) 70/30 Split 80/20 Split (−0.1,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.1,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (0.2,−0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (−0.1, 0) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0.1, 0) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0.2, 0) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (−0.1, 0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0, 0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.1, 0.1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.2, 0.1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (−0.1, 0.2) PSO-NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) (0, 0.2) PSO-NGBM(1,1) NGBM(1,1) (0.1, 0.2) Exponential NGBM(1,1) PSO-NGBM(1,1) (0.2, 0.2) Exponential NGBM(1,1) Exponential NGBM(1,1) Figure 1: Convergence plot of PSO for NGBM(1,1) convergence to a near-optimal solution with no substantial improvements thereafter. Exponential NGBM(1,1) attained the lowest in-sample MAPE (4.31%), followed by NGBM(1,1) (4.34%), GM(1,1) (4.41%), and PSO-NGBM(1,1) (4.45%). keywords: data; gdp; grey; mape; model; ngbm(1,1; pso; sample cache: ejpam-6875.pdf plain text: ejpam-6875.txt item: #1911 of 2048 id: ejpam-6877 author: Alotaibi, Abdulaziz ; Al-Tahat, Khalid ; Aljamal, Khaled Mustafa title: Mathematical Modeling of Signed Graphs for Balancing Dynamic Systems date: 2025 words: 3448 flesch: 65 summary: Sign-symmetry and frustration index in signed graphs. Main Results In this section, we will discuss how to determine the stability of a system at equilibrium points using signed graph theory. keywords: damping; equilibrium; graph; stability; system cache: ejpam-6877.pdf plain text: ejpam-6877.txt item: #1912 of 2048 id: ejpam-6884 author: Govindan, Vediyappan; Pimpunchat, Busayamas ; Kamran; Javad Ebadi, Mohammad ; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: Fuzzy Fractal-Fractional Derivative-Based Modelling and Analysis of Monkeypox Transmission date: 2025 words: 10355 flesch: 69 summary: Fuzzy fractional mathematical model of covid-19 epidemic. Fractional order mathematical model of monkeypox transmis- sion dynamics. keywords: d h; d(η,ϑ; ffm; fractional; model; monkeypox; q h; q−1 h; r d; r q; s d; t d; t q; transmission; ϑτϑ−1 d cache: ejpam-6884.pdf plain text: ejpam-6884.txt item: #1913 of 2048 id: ejpam-6891 author: Ullah, Ikhtesham ; Kamran; Sajjad Ali Khan, Muhammad ; Hussain, Fawad ; Hussain, Fawad ; Khan, Madad; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: A Robust Decision-Making Framework for Recruitment Optimization via Hybrid Dombi–Archimedean Operators in Complex q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets date: 2025 words: 21412 flesch: 65 summary: Problem Solution A method for addressing MCDM problems utilising Cq − ROFNs data will be created using the Cq − ROFDAWA, Cq − ROFDAOWA, Cq − ROFDAWG, and Cq − ROFDAOWG operators. Since the Cq−ROFDAWA, Cq−ROFDAWG, Cq−ROFDAOWA, and Cq − ROFDAOWG operators consistently provide distinct rankings, with Ă5 rank- ing highest and Ă4 ranking second, there is evident agreement among the recommended procedures. keywords: aggregation; ă1; ă3; ă4; ă5; fuzzy; j=1; math; operators; pure; q j; r∑ j=1; ullah; −1 q; −1(ℜk(θ q cache: ejpam-6891.pdf plain text: ejpam-6891.txt item: #1914 of 2048 id: ejpam-6896 author: Ahmad, Khaleel; Ishtiaq, Umar; Akram, Mohammad ; Popa, Ioan-Lucian title: Mathematical Visualization of Fractal-Based Batik Designs date: 2025 words: 8933 flesch: 66 summary: With a total of 50 iterations (K = 100), the Julia set is computed allowing for a finer approxi- mation of the complex boundary structures and subtle details unique of Julia fractals. Figure 1 shows the Julia set fractal structure produced by a generalized viscosity approximation process under various parameter settings, primarily due to changes in the parameter β. keywords: 0.001i; 0.2i; 0.3i; et al; figure; fractal; julia; set cache: ejpam-6896.pdf plain text: ejpam-6896.txt item: #1915 of 2048 id: ejpam-6903 author: Nabwey, Hossam A. ; Nour, M; Zaki, Assma ; Khan, Waqar ; Rashad, A; EL-Hakiem, Amal ; Aldurayhim, Abdallah ; Awad, Mohamed ‎ title: Time-Fractional Free Convection of Maxwell, Williamson, and Micropolar Nanofluids over a Vertical Plate in Saturated Porous Media date: 2025 words: 15379 flesch: 46 summary: A double diffusive convection in non-newtonian fluid flow with quadratic radiation and variable viscos- ity: Heat generation effects in lower stagnation point of solid sphere. This study develops a unified time-fractional framework to investigate free convection of Maxwell, Williamson, and micropolar nanofluids in porous media under the combined effects of magnetic field, thermal radiation, and internal heat generation. keywords: boundary; buoyancy; convection; effects; et al; field; flow; fractional; generation; heat; heat generation; heat transfer; mass; maxwell; micropolar; micropolar nanofluid; nanofluid; number; transfer; viscosity; wall; williamson cache: ejpam-6903.pdf plain text: ejpam-6903.txt item: #1916 of 2048 id: ejpam-6904 author: Tapeing, Aziz; Canoy Jr., Sergio title: $2$-Path Geodetic Vertex Covering of a Graph date: 2025 words: 6762 flesch: 85 summary: Assume first that G ∈ {K3,K3, P1 ∪ P2}. This new parameter naturally extends two existing concepts: 2-path geodetic set and vertex cover of a graph. keywords: cover; path; set; vertex; vertex cover; β2pg(g cache: ejpam-6904.pdf plain text: ejpam-6904.txt item: #1917 of 2048 id: ejpam-6909 author: Ramesh, D. ; Baji, Shake ; Iampan, Aiyared; Satyanarayana, B. title: Bipolar Fuzzy Commutative Hyper BCK-ideals in Hyper BCK-algebras date: 2025 words: 7371 flesch: 81 summary: = {ℏ1}, (P11) 0 ◦ H1 = {0}, (P12) ℏ1 ≪ {0} ⇒ ℏ1 = {0}, (P13) H1 ◦ H2 ≪ H1, (P14) ℏ1 ∈ ℏ1 ◦ 0, (P15) ℏ1 ◦ 0 ≪ {ℏ2} ⇒ ℏ1 ≪ ℏ2, (P16) ℏ2 ≪ ℏ3 ⇒ ℏ1 ◦ ℏ3 ≪ ℏ1 ◦ ℏ2, (P17) ℏ1 ◦ ℏ2 = {0} ⇒ (ℏ1 ◦ ℏ3) ◦ (ℏ2 ◦ ℏ3) ◦ ℏ3 = (ℏ1 ◦ ℏ3) ◦ ℏ2, (HBCKA-3) ℏ1 ◦ H ≪ {ℏ1}, (HBCKA-4) ℏ1 ≪ ℏ2 and ℏ2 ≪ ℏ1 ⇒ ℏ1 = ℏ2, for all ℏ1, ℏ2, ℏ3 ∈ H. We denote a relationship ≪ on H by letting ℏ1 ≪ ℏ2 ⇔ 0 ∈ ℏ1 ◦ ℏ2 and every H1,H2 ⊆ H,H1 ≪ H2 is described by ∀r ∈ H1, ∃j ∈ H2 such that r ≪ j. keywords: ℏ1 ◦; ◦ ℏ2; ◦ ℏ3 cache: ejpam-6909.pdf plain text: ejpam-6909.txt item: #1918 of 2048 id: ejpam-6917 author: Sameer Alshammari, Fahad; Ashraf, Pakeeza; Mehmood, Saba; Akgul, Ali title: A Linear Subdivision Scheme with Sixth-OrderPrecision and $C^{5}$ Smoothness date: 2025 words: 8648 flesch: 71 summary: Subdivision schemes are a crucial component of geometric modeling, widely applied in curve and surface design. Subdivision schemes in cagd. keywords: approximation; order; scheme; smoothness; subdivision cache: ejpam-6917.pdf plain text: ejpam-6917.txt item: #1919 of 2048 id: ejpam-6921 author: Saeed, Tareq; Treanta, Savin title: A New Approach in Solving a Class of Control Problems with Fractional Objectives date: 2025 words: 5322 flesch: 73 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6921 5 of 14 ψτ,γ(x, λ(x), π(x))− λτγ(x) = 0, x ∈ K } . − Eδ(λ, ω) ( Υδ ω − d dxξ Υδ ωξ )} ≦ 0, x ∈ K, q∑ δ=1 Ωδ { Iδ(λ, ω) ( χδ ζ − 0 ) − Eδ(λ, ω) ( Υδ ζ − 0 )} ≦ 0, x ∈ K, ωT q∑ δ=1 Ωδ { Iδ(λ, ω) ( χδ ω − d dxξ χδ ωξ ) keywords: duality; problems cache: ejpam-6921.pdf plain text: ejpam-6921.txt item: #1920 of 2048 id: ejpam-6923 author: ., Asma; Ahmad, Israr; Ali, Zeeshan; Chasreechai, Saowaluck ; Sitthiwirattham, Thanin title: Analysis of a Fractional Order Enzymatic Reaction Model with Artificial Neural Network Validation date: 2025 words: 6070 flesch: 64 summary: Nevertheless, future studies may incorporate advanced ANN architectures and more detailed performance evaluations to further strengthen the computational validation of fractional enzymatic models. Taken together, these directions would not only advance the theoretical understanding of fractional enzymatic models but also foster their application in interdisciplinary areas of science and engineering. keywords: analysis; fractional; model; pure cache: ejpam-6923.pdf plain text: ejpam-6923.txt item: #1921 of 2048 id: ejpam-6927 author: Khan, Muhammad Adil; Saeed, Tareq; Ali, Sajjad; Yildiz, Cetin; Kbiri Alaoui, Mohammed title: Development of Quantum Hermite-Hadamard Type Inequalities Using Green’s Function Techniques date: 2025 words: 6617 flesch: 84 summary: − 1 2 ω2 1(ω2 − ω1) 1 + q + 1 3 ω3 1 + − qω3 1 3 + ω3 2 6 − ω1ω2 2 2 1 + q } + φ′′(ω1) { − ω2 2 ( (ω2 − ω1) 2 1 + q + q2 ) − ω1ω2(ω2 − ω1) 1 + q − ω1 2ω2 2 + 1 6 (ω2 − ω1) 3 (1 + q)(1 + q2) + 1 2 ω1(ω2 − ω1) 2 1 + q + q2 + 1 2 ω2 1(ω2 − ω1) 1 + q + 1 6 ω3 1 + qω2 1ω2 2 − qω3 1 6 + ω3 2 3 1 + q }] . − ω1ω2(ω2 − ω1) 1 + q − ω1 2ω2 2 + 1 6 (ω2 − ω1) 3 (1 + q)(1 + q2) + 1 2 ω1(ω2 − ω1) 2 1 + q + q2 + 1 2 ω2 1(ω2 − ω1) 1 + q + 1 6 ω3 1 + qω2 1ω2 2 − qω3 1 6 + ω3 2 3 1 + q . keywords: qω1; ω2 q; ω2 ω1; ω2 −; − ω1 cache: ejpam-6927.pdf plain text: ejpam-6927.txt item: #1922 of 2048 id: ejpam-6931 author: Syed Muhammad Umair Ud-din; Ishtiaq, Umar; Hafiz Fukhar Ud-din; Ibrahim Alraddadi; Dragan Pamucar title: Fixed Point Results in Complex-Valued Neutrosophic Metric Spaces with Application to Integral Equations date: 2025 words: 14269 flesch: 83 summary: A CVFM E characterizes the degree of nearness between two points of the set V relative to a complex factor e ∈ S0. A sequence {ϱon} in V converges to ϱo ∈ V provided that all r ∈ T0 as well as e ∈ S0, for some n0 ∈ M if it meets the following criteria: keywords: kτξ ℑ; ν ∈; ν| ℑ; ξ ℑ; σ(q)|2 ℑ; ℑ s. cache: ejpam-6931.pdf plain text: ejpam-6931.txt item: #1923 of 2048 id: ejpam-6935 author: Khan, Naseer; Farooq, Muhammad; Ullah Jan, Wajid; Uzun, Berna; Pamucar, Dragan; Ozsahin, Ilker; Ahmad, Hijaz title: Squeeze Flow of Ethylene Glycol-based Carbon Nanotube with the Influence of  Joule Heating, Viscous Dissipation and Chemical Reactions date: 2025 words: 12582 flesch: 67 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 6395 5 of 34 otube, single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT), multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), Homotopy analysis method(HAM)). Error analyses are displayed in Figures 2-3 for single wall carbon nanotubes and multi wall carbon nanotubes and Tables (1-19) to examine the two approaches’ dependability for different levels of physical parameters. keywords: -0.6832; carbon; carbon nanotubes; e1 =; h =; lines; multi; mwcnt; nanotubes; sr =; wall; wall carbon; γ1 =; φ(υ; ϕ1 =; −ϑ′(0 cache: ejpam-6935.pdf plain text: ejpam-6935.txt item: #1924 of 2048 id: ejpam-6939 author: Aradais, Alkajim ; Jamil, Ferdinand; Canoy, Sergio Jr. title: Connected Disjunctive Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 6896 flesch: 82 summary: A set S of vertices of a graph G is a disjunctive dominating set if for every v ∈ V (G)\S, v is adjacent to a vertex in S or S contains two vertices each of distance two from v. A disjunctive dominating set For a graph G, the symbols V (G) and E(G) refer to the vertex-set and edge-set, respectively, of G. For S ⊆ V (G), |S| is the cardinality of S. keywords: dominating; dominating set; set; γdc cache: ejpam-6939.pdf plain text: ejpam-6939.txt item: #1925 of 2048 id: ejpam-6940 author: Anantayasethi, Ananya; Saengsura, Kittisak; Susanti, Yeni; Sarasit, Napaporn title: On Edge Q-algebras date: 2025 words: 6425 flesch: 86 summary: Then we obtain the following Cayley table: x1 x2 x3 … xi−1 xi xi+1 … xn x1 x1 x1 x1 … x1 x1 x1 … x1 x2 x2 x1 x1 ∨ x2 … We explore some properties of edge Q-algebras. keywords: algebra; edge cache: ejpam-6940.pdf plain text: ejpam-6940.txt item: #1926 of 2048 id: ejpam-6951 author: Sepillo, Gino Derek; Valdez, Ma. Joyce; Eyao, Meguilito; Mame, Neil title: Vertex-Generator Subgraphs of Complete Bipartite and Tadpole Graphs date: 2025 words: 8276 flesch: 82 summary: Building on the concept of vertex spaces and induced subgraphs, Torino and Mame [3] introduced the vertex-generator subgraph, a concept parallel to the edge- generator subgraph (or generator subgraph) first explored by Gervacio A key difference is that vertex-generator subgraphs can contain isolated vertices, while generator subgraphs do not allow isolated vertices. keywords: graph; subgraph; vertex cache: ejpam-6951.pdf plain text: ejpam-6951.txt item: #1927 of 2048 id: ejpam-6953 author: Al-Abdallah, Abdel Rahman title: Global Weighted $L^2$ $\dbar$-solvability on Noncompact Pseudoconvex Complex Lie Groups date: 2025 words: 6232 flesch: 73 summary: Iterating this over an exhausting sequence of levels, we obtain an exhaustion G = ⋃ j∈N Ωj by smoothly bounded strictly pseudocon- vex domains Ωj ⋐ G, and smooth psh functions φj on Ωj such that supΩj−1 |φj such that each metric ball Bj := Bω(e, rj) (centered at the identity e ∈ G) is relatively compact in U1 and that 5Bj (the ball of radius 5rj) is still contained in U1. keywords: function; lie; psh cache: ejpam-6953.pdf plain text: ejpam-6953.txt item: #1928 of 2048 id: ejpam-6958 author: Deswita, Leli; Syamsudhuha, Syamsudhuha; Effendi, Rustam; Asral, Asral title: Numerical Study of Nano-encapsulated Phase Change Materials on Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet date: 2025 words: 5268 flesch: 55 summary: Results indicate that embedding NEPCM particles within the power-law nanofluid significantly enhances heat transfer through latent heat absorption and re- lease, though it also increases wall shear stress. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 41A30, 76F12, 65M60, 65N12 Key Words and Phrases: Runge–Kutta method, NEPCM, phase change heat transfer, nanoflu- ids, boundary layer 1. keywords: flow; fluid; heat; law; power; temperature; transfer cache: ejpam-6958.pdf plain text: ejpam-6958.txt item: #1929 of 2048 id: ejpam-6961 author: Chammam, Wathek; Khlifi, Mongia ; Gulistan, Muhammad title: A Chaundy-Bullard Type Identity and its $q$-analogue date: 2025 words: 2946 flesch: 83 summary: For n and m nonnegative integers and X = Y = p ∈ N∗ in (12), we have m∑ k=0 n+ 1 (n+ k + 2)(n+ k + 1) + n∑ k=0 m+ 1 (m+ k + 2)(m+ k + 1) the Chaundy–Bullard identity [7–9] defined by (1−X)n+1 m∑ k=0 ( n+ k k ) Xk +Xm+1 n∑ k=0 ( m+ k k ) (1−X)k = 1. (10) The q-analogue of Chaundy–Bullard identity (10) defined in [10] by the equality: m∑ k=0 keywords: k=0 cache: ejpam-6961.pdf plain text: ejpam-6961.txt item: #1930 of 2048 id: ejpam-6967 author: Shah, Ismail; Ali, Gauhar ; ElAffendi, Mohammed title: Cybersecurity-Focused Modeling of Computer Virus Propagation Incorporating Removable Media date: 2025 words: 10508 flesch: 54 summary: Organizations may struggle with the initial cost of deploying such systems and the need for continuous mon- itoring. The model integrates realistic cybersecurity features, including latent infections, automated quarantine, system recovery, and the permanent deactivation of critically compromised machines. keywords: ali; analysis; baseline; baseline data; control; data; dfe; equilibrium; infection; model; pure; system; time cache: ejpam-6967.pdf plain text: ejpam-6967.txt item: #1931 of 2048 id: ejpam-6968 author: Fata, Hafidh Khoerul; Ashar, Nurcahya Yulian title: Bifurcations, Hidden Attractors, and Chaos in a Nonlinear Three-Dimensional System date: 2025 words: 5383 flesch: 56 summary: Among the many forms of chaotic systems, a particularly interesting subclass is the three-dimensional system with quadratic nonlinearity and no equilibrium The Kaplan-Yorke dimension quantifies the degree of chaos in the system, and for chaotic systems, the dimension is often non-integer. keywords: bifurcation; chaos; dynamics; equilibrium; lyapunov; system cache: ejpam-6968.pdf plain text: ejpam-6968.txt item: #1932 of 2048 id: ejpam-6969 author: Ahmed, M.; Aljabri, A. M. title: A Comparative Study of Bernoulli Collocation and Hermite-Galerkin Methods for Solving Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equations of the Second Kind date: 2025 words: 5110 flesch: 62 summary: = ( 1 2p , 1 2p ) Bernoulli collo- cation method N = 6 Hermite- Galerkin method N = 6 Method of [8] with N = 30 Method of [28] with N = M = 64 p = 1 1.61× 10−7 3.70× 10−5 6.0× 10−5 3.45× 10−7 p = 2 7.54× 10−8 5.56× 10−5 1.29× 10−4 1.28× 10−10 p = 3 1.33× 10−8 8.06× 10−5 7.0× 10−5 2.22× 10−11 p = 4 1.77× 10−8 1.0× 10−4 5.33× 10−5 1.67× 10−13 p = 5 4.69× 10−9 3.54× 10−5 5.959× 10−5 3.23× 10−13 p = 6 2.93× 10−10 4.33× 10−5 7.4588× 10−4 9.42× 10−15 Table 1: Numerical results for Example 1. N BC method HG method 2 1.5726× 10−2 1.0118× 10−2 4 7.7782× 10−5 5.3089× 10−5 6 1.6191× 10−7 3.7095× 10−5 7 6.0440× 10−11 6.9195× 10−5 Table 2: Effect of N on the absolute error for (χ, t) Description of the methods In this section, we solve Eq.(1) using Bernoulli collocation method and Hermite Galerkin method. keywords: bernoulli; equations; integral; method; nonlinear cache: ejpam-6969.pdf plain text: ejpam-6969.txt item: #1933 of 2048 id: ejpam-6970 author: Kamran; Shah, Syed Musanif; Hasan, Fady; Mlaiki, Nabil title: Numerical Scheme for Fractional Volterra Integro-Differential Equations: Handling Modified Atangana-Baleanu Operators date: 2025 words: 6821 flesch: 65 summary: Hence, developing efficient numerical methods is necessary for solving such problems. In such cases, we employ numerical inversion methods. keywords: error; eur; fractional; itm; method; numerical; problem; pure cache: ejpam-6970.pdf plain text: ejpam-6970.txt item: #1934 of 2048 id: ejpam-6974 author: Chan, Clive Martin; Fuentes, Katrina title: Group-Derived and Non-Group-Derived Dual $BG$-Algebra date: 2025 words: 5929 flesch: 89 summary: So, x ◦ y = x−1 ∗ y for any x, y from a group (X, ∗, 1) where 1 is the identity element. Define the binary operation “∗” as x ∗ y = y ◦ x for all x, y ∈ X. keywords: algebra; y ◦ cache: ejpam-6974.pdf plain text: ejpam-6974.txt item: #1935 of 2048 id: ejpam-6979 author: Ali, Ekram E.; El-Ashwah, Rabha M. ; Alshuhail, Altaf ; Alshammari, Maryam F. title: Some Applications of Fuzzy Differential Subordination on Analytic Functions Connected with Lommel Function date: 2025 words: 5539 flesch: 84 summary: (µ (ξ)) , ξ ∈ U, where f(U) = sup(f(U), Ff(U)) = 1 and Re[βµ(ξ)+ y] > 0 (ξ ∈ U), and q(ξ) ∈ keywords: j(ξ; j=1; lmn cache: ejpam-6979.pdf plain text: ejpam-6979.txt item: #1936 of 2048 id: ejpam-6981 author: Shaikh, Amjad ; Howal, Sunil ; Nisar, Kottakkaran Sooppy title: Malaria and Malnutrition Dynamics in Children Using the Caputo–Fabrizio Fractional Derivative date: 2025 words: 8079 flesch: 73 summary: = 2(1− η) (2− η)N(η) u(t) + 2η (2− η)N(η) ∫ t 0 u(ℵ)dℵ, (3.2) Like the traditional Caputo derivative, this new operator offers CFDη t u(t) + 2(1− η) (2η)N(η) (χE(t)− (ξ + ϱ+ ∂)I(t)) + 2(1− η) (2− η)N(η) ∫ t 0 (χE(ℵ)− (ξ + ϱ+ ∂)I(ℵ))dℵ V (t) = V (0) + 2(1− η) 2ηN(η) keywords: 2(1−; malaria; model; η(1−; σ + cache: ejpam-6981.pdf plain text: ejpam-6981.txt item: #1937 of 2048 id: ejpam-6982 author: Alhammad, Alaa Mohammed ; Saeed, Abdukkafi Mohammed title: Qualitative Study on Semi-Analytical Methods for Solving Nonlinear Time-Fractional Partial Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 6273 flesch: 70 summary: Fractional natural decomposition method for solving a certain class of nonlinear time-fractional wave-like equations with variable coefficients. The Riemann-Liouville derivative exhibits certain drawbacks for modeling real-world occurrences using fractional differential equations, as noted in [8, 12]. keywords: decomposition; fractional; method; u(x cache: ejpam-6982.pdf plain text: ejpam-6982.txt item: #1938 of 2048 id: ejpam-6985 author: Ben Ahmed , Ali title: A Cheeger-type Inequality for the Sub-Laplacian on Pseudo-Hermitian CR Manifolds date: 2025 words: 5346 flesch: 66 summary: For a compact quotient M = Γ\Hn (with Haar measure), the horizontal structure is homogeneous and torsion-free; classical isoperimetric and Sobolev inequalities are sharp in this case In this paper, we introduce a CR Cheeger constant and establish Cheeger-type and Buser-type inequalities for the first nonzero eigenvalue of the sub-Laplacian on compact strictly pseudoconvex pseudo-Hermitian CR manifolds. keywords: cheeger; horizontal; inequality; math cache: ejpam-6985.pdf plain text: ejpam-6985.txt item: #1939 of 2048 id: ejpam-6994 author: A shokeralla, Alshaikh title: The Discrete Laplace Transform (DLT) Order: A Sensitive Approach to Comparing Discrete Residual Life Distributions with Applications to Queueing Systems date: 2025 words: 7047 flesch: 52 summary: s DLT (Technical Support) DLT (Contract-Related) DLT Order 0.1 3.54497 3.51858 > 0.5 0.01685 0.01679 > Im- portant future directions include the construction of multivariate DLT order statistics for A. A. Shokeralla / Eur. keywords: a. a.; distributions; dlt; hazard; order; pure; reliability; service; shokeralla; stochastic; systems; time cache: ejpam-6994.pdf plain text: ejpam-6994.txt item: #1940 of 2048 id: ejpam-6997 author: Azzam, A. A. ; Aldawood, M.; Alreshidi, B. title: Improving Cardinality Rough Neighborhoods via Grills and Their Applications date: 2025 words: 10954 flesch: 82 summary: ⊒ MCϱ(∆) for ϱ ∈ {u, ⟨u⟩, ⟨r⟩}. (11) GMCϱ (D) ⊓ GMCϱ (∆) = GMCϱ (D ⊓ ∆) for ϱ. (12) GMCϱ (D) ⊔ GMCϱ (∆) = GMCϱ (D ⊔ ∆) for ϱ. Proof. For a ϱ-NS (ℵ,Γ, ξϱ) and ∆ ⊑ ℵ, let G be a grill, then (1) GMCu (∆) ⊑ GMCr (∆) ⊓ GMCl (∆) ⊑ GMCr (∆) ⊔ GMCl (∆) ⊑ GMCi (∆). keywords: gmcϱ; gm̃cϱ cache: ejpam-6997.pdf plain text: ejpam-6997.txt item: #1941 of 2048 id: ejpam-7 author: Channabasappa, Bagewadi title: On Conservative pseudo projective curvature tensor with respect to semi-symmetric metric connection on K-Contact and Trans-Sasakian Manifolds. date: 2008 words: 3453 flesch: 82 summary: We obtain results on the vanishing of divergence of Pseudo projective curvature tensor P̃ with respect to semi-symmetric metric connection on k-contact and trans-Sasakian manifolds. A systematic study of semi-symmetric metric connection on a Riemannain manifold has been given by Yano keywords: manifold cache: ejpam-7.pdf plain text: ejpam-7.txt item: #1942 of 2048 id: ejpam-700 author: Elsayed, Elsayed M. title: On the Solution of Some Difference Equations date: 2011 words: 4034 flesch: 85 summary: 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 39A10 Key Words and Phrases: difference equations, recursive sequences, periodic solution. This is largely due to the fact that difference equations manifest themselves as mathematical mod- els describing real life situations in probability theory, queuing theory, statistical problems, stochastic time series, combinatorial analysis, number theory, geometry, electrical network, quanta in radiation, genetics in biology, economics, psychology, sociology, etc. keywords: difference; i=0; xn+1 cache: ejpam-700.pdf plain text: ejpam-700.txt item: #1943 of 2048 id: ejpam-7001 author: Imliyangba, Imliyangba; Abouelenein, Mohamed; Das, Bhanita; Chettri, Seema; Baruah, Bhupen; Jyoti Hazarika, Partha; Eliwa, Mohamed title: The G-Rank-Mapped Transmuted Fréchet Weibull Distribution under Cubic Model: Mathematical Theory, Computational Statistics, and Sustainability Data Analysis date: 2025 words: 8123 flesch: 59 summary: Figure 5: Distribution function of CRTFW distribution for selected values of λ1 and λ2. Similarly, Figures 4 and 5 show the pdf and cdf of CRTFW distribution for different values of λ1 and λ2. keywords: crtfw; crtfw distribution; data; distribution; fréchet; function; weibull; weibull distribution cache: ejpam-7001.pdf plain text: ejpam-7001.txt item: #1944 of 2048 id: ejpam-7004 author: Ibrahim Alharbi, Luai ; Badr, Elsayed ; Badr, Moaz ; Rabie, Aya title: Performance Assessment of Logistics Ports Using Order Theory: A Case Study of Egyptian Ports date: 2025 words: 6609 flesch: 46 summary: Because of their interpretability and sim- plicity, these “AHP + ranking” combinations continue to dominate port studies and in- fluence how researchers define criteria and assess port performance [3]. A crucial first step in increasing port productivity, improving service delivery and guar- anteeing greater integration with neighboring sectors is the accurate and scientific assessment of port performance. keywords: ahp; analysis; approach; criteria; decision; evaluation; lapos; logistics; mcda; performance; port; study cache: ejpam-7004.pdf plain text: ejpam-7004.txt item: #1945 of 2048 id: ejpam-7005 author: Anakira, Nidal ; H. Jebri, Iqbal ; M. Batiha, Iqbal ; S. Hijazi, Mohammad ; Sasa, Tala title: Criteria for Finite-Time Convergence in Discrete Variable-Order Fractional FitzHugh–Nagumo Reaction–Diffusion Systems date: 2025 words: 5658 flesch: 65 summary: Time t (seconds) ∥u(t)∥+ ∥v(t)∥ 0.0 0.2186 0.5 0.2080 1.0 0.2059 1.5 0.2064 2.0 0.2076 2.5 0.2088 3.0 0.2100 These findings underscore the practical utility of our stability criterion for predicting the transient behavior of discrete fractional systems with variable-order dynamics. Finite time stability analysis of fractional order time delay systems. keywords: discrete; fractional; stability; system; time; ℏδn cache: ejpam-7005.pdf plain text: ejpam-7005.txt item: #1946 of 2048 id: ejpam-701 author: El-Ashwah, Rabha; Aouf, M.K. title: Differential Subordination and Superordination on p-Valent Meromorphic Functions Defined by an Extended Multiplier Transformations date: 2010 words: 6214 flesch: 88 summary: C3× U → C such that ϕ   1+Meiθ , 1+ k+ � ℓ λ � � ℓ λ � Meiθ , 1+ L + h � 1+ 2 � ℓ λ �� k+ � ℓ λ �2 i Meiθ � ℓ λ �2 ; z    /∈ Ω (18) whenever z ∈ U, θ ∈ R, Re � Le−iθ � ≥ (k− 1)kM for all real θ and k ≥ 1. Email addresses: r_elashwah�yahoo. keywords: λ �; λ,ℓ; � ℓ; � � cache: ejpam-701.pdf plain text: ejpam-701.txt item: #1947 of 2048 id: ejpam-7010 author: Nabwey, Hossam A. ; Ashraf, Muhammad ; Rashad, A; Chamkha, Ali title: A Comprehensive Review of Thermophoresis Particle Effects on Convective Heat Transfer and Climate Change Implications: Study of the Combined Characteristics date: 2025 words: 8461 flesch: 49 summary: Impact of thermophoretic convective heat transfer in porous medium In porous medium the momentum of thermophoretic particles due to convective heat transfer can alter the porosity and permeability in the porous medium region. In environmen- tal engineering the understanding of thermophoretic convective heat transfer is important to predict the motion of pollutant particles and particulate the matters in the atmosphere, especially in the existence of thermal gradients. keywords: convection; deposition; effects; flow; heat; heat transfer; impact; journal; motion; nabwey; nanofluid; particles; temperature; thermophoretic; transfer cache: ejpam-7010.pdf plain text: ejpam-7010.txt item: #1948 of 2048 id: ejpam-7013 author: Dinesh K; Dritan Gerbeti; Kastriot Zoto; B. Shoba; B. Shoba; Hawa Ibnouf Osman Ibnouf title: Fixed Point Results in b-Fuzzy Metric Spaces with Applications to Nonlinear Fuzzy Integral Equations date: 2025 words: 6575 flesch: 84 summary: Since Ln+1 ∈ T (Ln) and Ln+1 → K, we obtain K ∈ T (K). Hence sn → 0 as n → ∞. In particular Ln is a Cauchy sequence with respect to d. To check this directly, for m < n, d(Lm,Ln) ≤ s n−1∑ k=m d(Lk,Lk+1) = s n−1∑ k=m sk, and since sk → 0 at a geometric rate the series ∑ sk converges, showing d(Lm,Ln) → 0 as m,n → ∞. Completeness of (X, d) yields a limit K ∈ X with Ln → K. It remains to show K ∈ T (K). keywords: ln+1 cache: ejpam-7013.pdf plain text: ejpam-7013.txt item: #1949 of 2048 id: ejpam-7014 author: Algethami, Badriah; Lashin, Abdel Moneim; El-Emam, Fatma title: On a Subclass of Starlike Functions related to Pascal and Poisson distributions date: 2025 words: 3837 flesch: 75 summary: An application of the distribution series for certain analytic function classes. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7014 12 of 12 distribution series on certain analytic functions. keywords: functions; m=2 cache: ejpam-7014.pdf plain text: ejpam-7014.txt item: #1950 of 2048 id: ejpam-7017 author: Masadeh, Esraa ; Alhazaymeh, Khaleed ; Al-shboul, Abedallah ; Abdelfattah, Waleed Mohammed ; Zulqarnain, Rana Muhammad ; Siddique, Imran ; Ahmad, Hijaz title: An Extended TOPSIS Technique in Cubic Vague Soft Set Relations with its Application in Renewable Energy Sources date: 2025 words: 12757 flesch: 70 summary: In this work, we address multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems under high uncertainty by developing an extended Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) within the framework of cubic vague soft set relations (CVSSR). We develop a new theoretical framework for cubic vague soft set relations (CVSSR), introducing rigorous definitions, properties, and proofs that generalize classical vague and cubic soft set structures. keywords: 0.50]⟩; cubic; cvss; decision; energy; f(f̃; g̃,bv; making; relation ℜ; set; sets; topsis; vague cache: ejpam-7017.pdf plain text: ejpam-7017.txt item: #1951 of 2048 id: ejpam-702 author: Ozen, Mehmet; Guzeltepe, Murat title: Codes over Quaternion Integers date: 2010 words: 3084 flesch: 84 summary: = − ji = k, ik = −ki = j, jk = −k j If r is an element of Zp, then r = kπ+ z and r = r = kπ+ z, hence, z(vπ) + z(uπ) keywords: quaternion cache: ejpam-702.pdf plain text: ejpam-702.txt item: #1952 of 2048 id: ejpam-7020 author: Saidat, Suhaila; Al-Shorman, Yanal; Hashim, Ishak ; Said Solaiman, Obadah; Al-Hammouri, Ahmad; Almousa, Mohammad; Alsoboh, Abdullah title: A Computational Guide to Stability Analysis of Nonlinear Systems: The Lotka-Volterra and SIR Models as Case Studies date: 2025 words: 4999 flesch: 51 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 34D20, 92D25 Key Words and Phrases: Nonlinear dynamics, stability analysis, linearization, phase portrait, Lotka-Volterra model, SIR model ∗Corresponding author. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7020 3 of 16 the broad applicability of nonlinear stability analysis in applied mathematics. keywords: analysis; equilibrium; lotka; model; stability; system; volterra cache: ejpam-7020.pdf plain text: ejpam-7020.txt item: #1953 of 2048 id: ejpam-7027 author: Khan, Shahid ; Shah, Niaz Ali ; Ahmad, Hijaz; Kamel , Alwaleed; Abdelfattah, Waleed Mohammed ; Oqilat, Osama title: Partial Sums for Normalized Mittag-Leffler-Prabhakar Function and Barnes-Mittag-Leffler Function date: 2025 words: 7556 flesch: 81 summary: Introduction Let A be the set of analytic functions (AFs) in the disc U = {ξ ∈ C : |ξ| < 1}. Partial sums of analytic functions play a significant role in Geometric Function Theory, particularly in finding the largest disk Ur = {ξ ∈ C : |ξ| < keywords: n=1; |bn|; σ d cache: ejpam-7027.pdf plain text: ejpam-7027.txt item: #1954 of 2048 id: ejpam-7030 author: El-Shorbagy, M.A.; Nasar, Islam title: Salp Swarm Optimization: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances, Variants, Applications, and Future Research Directions date: 2025 words: 11570 flesch: 43 summary: Future Research Directions While various Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) variants, including Chaotic SSA (CSSA), Quantum-inspired SSA (QSSA), and Adaptive SSA (ASSA), have demonstrated significant improvements, multiple opportunities remain for further research and development: • Hybridisation with Other Metaheuristics: Integrating SSA variants with com- plementary Optimization methods, such as Differential Evolution, Particle Swarm Optimization, or Genetic Algorithms, has the potential to enhance convergence speed and solution quality, particularly in high-dimensional and multimodal contexts. • Rigorous Benchmarking and Comparative Analysis: Future studies should prioritise systematic benchmarking of SSA variants against classical metaheuristics M. A. El-Shorbagy, I. Nassar / Eur. keywords: algorithm; appl; convergence; eur; m. a.; math; nassar; objective; optimization; power; problems; pure; results; salp; salp swarm; search; selection; ssa; swarm; swarm algorithm cache: ejpam-7030.pdf plain text: ejpam-7030.txt item: #1955 of 2048 id: ejpam-7033 author: Anam Arif; Muhammad Nazam; Ahmad, Hijaz; Alraddadi, Ibrahim Alraddadi; Xu, Changjin; Waleed Mohammed Abdelfattah title: The Ordered Implicit Relations: Fixed Point Problems and Applications date: 2025 words: 11398 flesch: 87 summary: By (J2), there exists T ∈ B(E , E) along with ∥T ∥1 < 1, s ≥ 1, so that R(f1, f2) ⪯ 1 s T (R(f0, f1)) ⪯ T (R(f0, f1)) and R(f2, f3) ⪯ 1 s T (R(f1, f2)) ⪯ T (R(f1, f2)). 1 and R(f1, f2) ⪯ 1 s T (R(f0, f1)) ⪯ T (R(f0, f1)) and R(f2, f3) ⪯ 1 s T (R(f1, f2)) ⪯ T (R(f1, f2)). keywords: cone; metric; point; r(ϑ; space cache: ejpam-7033.pdf plain text: ejpam-7033.txt item: #1956 of 2048 id: ejpam-7036 author: Alnajar, Omar; Amourah, Ala; Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Khabour, Omar ; Al Hatmi, Mohammed Mattar ; Sasa, Tala title: A New Subclass of Bi-Univalent Functions Involving Bell and Meixner-Pollaczek Polynomials date: 2025 words: 6516 flesch: 73 summary: In this work, we present a novel subclass of bi-univalent functions defined by Meixner- Pollaczek and Bell polynomials. Building upon these classical families, several subclasses of bi-univalent functions have been constructed using orthogonal polynomials such as Chebyshev, Gegenbauer, and Horadam polynomials. keywords: functions; polynomials; ϱ⅁(q̃ cache: ejpam-7036.pdf plain text: ejpam-7036.txt item: #1957 of 2048 id: ejpam-7037 author: Alnajar, Omar ; Amourah, Ala ; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Khabour, Omar ; Al-Hatmi, Mohammed ; Al-Hawari, M. ; Sasa, Tala title: The Imaginary Error Function and New Classes of Bi-Univalent Functions Subordinate to Jacobi Polynomials date: 2025 words: 7758 flesch: 77 summary: A unique family of bi-univalent functions, commonly known as functions that are defined on the symmetric domain, is presented and investigated in this paper. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 30C45 Key Words and Phrases: Imaginary error function, jacobi polynomials, bi-univalent functions, fekete-szegö inequality, maclaurin series ∗Corresponding author. ∗Corresponding author. keywords: +1 2(ℑ+; 2(ℑ+; 2)(t−; 3)(ℑ+; 8(ℑ+; functions; ℑ+1)(ℑ+2 cache: ejpam-7037.pdf plain text: ejpam-7037.txt item: #1958 of 2048 id: ejpam-7040 author: Anakira, Nidal ; Bawaneh, Sameer ; Areen Al-khateeb; Amourah, Ala; Sasa, Tala title: A Numerical Comparison Between the Standard and Modified Versions of the Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM) for Solving Volterra Integro-Delay Differential Equations date: 2025 words: 5129 flesch: 66 summary: [1] applied the modified reproducing kernel method to linear Volterra integral equations, while Anakira et al. [5] for Lane–Emden type equations, Anakira et al. keywords: anakira; c1x; equations; method; oham cache: ejpam-7040.pdf plain text: ejpam-7040.txt item: #1959 of 2048 id: ejpam-7044 author: Khampakdee, Jeeranunt ; Sama-ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower $\tau^\star\alpha(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 3966 flesch: 78 summary: [3] extended the concept of α-continuous functions to multifunctions and presented two classes of multifunctions defined from a topological space into a topological space, called upper α-continuous multifunctions and lower α- continuous multifunctions. In 1993, Popa and Noiri [4] obtained several characterizations and some basic properties of upper α-continuous multifunctions and lower α-continuous multifunctions. keywords: multifunctions; open cache: ejpam-7044.pdf plain text: ejpam-7044.txt item: #1960 of 2048 id: ejpam-7045 author: Viriyapong, Chokchai ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On Upper and Lower Almost $\tau^\star\alpha(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 5159 flesch: 79 summary: Then, Y − V is σ1σ2-closed in Y and by (11), Cl⋆(Int⋆(Cl⋆(F−((σ1, σ2)sInt(Y −V ))))) The union of all τ1τ2-δ-open sets ofX contained in A is called the τ1τ2-δ-interior [8] of A and is denoted by τ1τ2-δ-Int(A). keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-7045.pdf plain text: ejpam-7045.txt item: #1961 of 2048 id: ejpam-7047 author: Viriyapong, Nongluk ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Weakly $\tau^\star\alpha(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 4384 flesch: 80 summary: This paper presents new classes of continuous multifunctions defined between an ideal topological space and a bitopological space, called upper weakly τ⋆α(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunc- tions and lower weakly τ⋆α(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions. Furthermore, several characteri- zations and some properties concerning upper weakly τ⋆α(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower weakly τ⋆α(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions are considered. keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-7047.pdf plain text: ejpam-7047.txt item: #1962 of 2048 id: ejpam-7048 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Upper and Lower $\tau^\star\beta(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity date: 2025 words: 4060 flesch: 79 summary: [16] studied some characterizations of upper (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions by using τ1τ2-δ-open sets and τ1τ2-δ-closed sets. The union of all τ1τ2-δ-open sets of X contained in A is called the τ1τ2-δ-interior keywords: multifunctions; open; set cache: ejpam-7048.pdf plain text: ejpam-7048.txt item: #1963 of 2048 id: ejpam-7049 author: Srisarakham, Napassanan ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost $\tau^\star\beta(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 4578 flesch: 79 summary: Then, Y − V is σ1σ2-closed in Y and by (11), Int⋆(Cl⋆(Int⋆(F−((σ1, σ2)-sInt(Y − V ))))) Since Y − (σ1, σ2)-sCl(V ) is (σ1, σ2)r-closed, we have F−(Y − (σ1, σ2)-sCl(V )) is τ⋆-β- closed in X. Thus, F+((σ1, σ2)-sCl(V )) is a τ⋆-β-open set of X containing x and so keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-7049.pdf plain text: ejpam-7049.txt item: #1964 of 2048 id: ejpam-7050 author: Thongmoon, Montri ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: On upper and lower weakly $\tau^\star\beta(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuous multifunctions date: 2025 words: 5585 flesch: 82 summary: A multifunction F : (X, τ,I ) → (Y, σ1, σ2) is said to be upper weakly τ⋆β(σ1, σ2)-continuous if F is upper weakly τ⋆β(σ1, σ2)-continuous at each point of X. Theorem 1. For a multifunction F : (X, τ,I ) → (Y, σ1, σ2), the following properties are equivalent: (1) F is upper weakly τ⋆β(σ1, σ2)-continuous at a point x ∈ X; (2) x ∈ Cl⋆(Int(Cl⋆(F+(σ1σ2-Cl(V ))))) for every σ1σ2-open set V of Y containing F (x); (3) x ∈ βInt⋆(F+(σ1σ2-Cl(V ))) for every σ1σ2-open set V of Y containing F (x). keywords: cl(v; open; set cache: ejpam-7050.pdf plain text: ejpam-7050.txt item: #1965 of 2048 id: ejpam-7052 author: Pue-on, Prapart ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost $\mu(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuous Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 5777 flesch: 81 summary: Since Y − V is (σ1, σ2)r-closed and by (7), X − F+(V ) The union of all τ1τ2-δ-open sets of X contained in A is called the τ1τ2-δ-interior [18] of A and is denoted by τ1τ2-δ-Int(A). keywords: open; set cache: ejpam-7052.pdf plain text: ejpam-7052.txt item: #1966 of 2048 id: ejpam-7053 author: Chiangpradit, Monchaya ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Weak Forms of $\mu(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 5343 flesch: 77 summary: In this section, we introduce the concepts of upper weakly µ(σ1, σ2)-continuous mul- tifunctions and lower weakly µ(σ1, σ2)-continuous multifunctions. For a multifunction F : (X,µ) → (Y, σ1, σ2) such that F (x) is a σ1σ2- regular σ1σ2-paracompact set of Y for each point x ∈ X, the following properties are equivalent: (1) F is upper µ(σ1, σ2)-continuous; (2) F is upper almost µ(σ1, σ2)-continuous; (3) F is upper weakly µ(σ1, σ2)-continuous. keywords: set; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-7053.pdf plain text: ejpam-7053.txt item: #1967 of 2048 id: ejpam-7054 author: Kong-ied, Butsakorn ; Sama-Ae, Areeyuth ; Boonpok, Chawalit title: Almost Weak $\mu(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$-continuity for Multifunctions date: 2025 words: 4978 flesch: 77 summary: Since Y − σ1σ2-Cl(V ) is σ1σ2-open and by (2), we have X − F−(σ1σ2-Cl(V )) By (5), F (cµ(π)(F +(Y −B))) ⊆ σ1σ2-Cl(F (F+(Y −B))) ⊆ σ1σ2-Cl(Y −B) = Y − σ1σ2-Int(B). keywords: open; set; σ1σ2 cache: ejpam-7054.pdf plain text: ejpam-7054.txt item: #1968 of 2048 id: ejpam-7055 author: Muhiuddin, G.; Mohamed E. Elnair; Ahmed A. Khidir; Mohammed Hassan title: Exploring Categorical Perspectives on Soft BCK/BCI-algebras date: 2025 words: 3912 flesch: 76 summary: [8] explored new operations on soft sets, while ongoing research continues to advance soft set theory. In recent years, researchers have merged category theory with soft set theory to estab- lish the category of soft sets across various domains. keywords: algebras; bci; bck; sbcki cache: ejpam-7055.pdf plain text: ejpam-7055.txt item: #1969 of 2048 id: ejpam-7057 author: Sarah Aljohani; Padder, Riyaz Ahmad; Pratiksha Devshali title: Eigenvalue Analysis and Simultaneous Nilpotence in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Matrices date: 2025 words: 4573 flesch: 82 summary: 〈β, β′〉 ≤ 〈1, 0〉 since, (〈aij , a′ij〉)(〈β, β′〉〈x, x′〉) a′1j〉 ∧ 〈xj , x′j〉 ... n∨ j=1 (〈anj , a′nj〉 ∧ 〈xj , x′j〉  = O Thus, 〈aki, a′ki〉 ∧ 〈xi, x′i〉 = 〈0, 1〉 for all k. Since 〈xi, x′i〉 6= keywords: aij; a′ij; matrices cache: ejpam-7057.pdf plain text: ejpam-7057.txt item: #1970 of 2048 id: ejpam-7063 author: Bahaa, G. M.; Qamlo, Ahlam title: Numerical Solution of Two-Dimensional Fractional Optimal Control Problems Using Fractional Vieta-Fibonacci Wavelets date: 2025 words: 7975 flesch: 59 summary: x D0.9 y p(x, y) = 0 (6.6) D0.9 y p(x, y) = 2z(x, y) + p(x, y) (6.7) keywords: bahaa; control; fractional; fvfw; p(x; system; z(x cache: ejpam-7063.pdf plain text: ejpam-7063.txt item: #1971 of 2048 id: ejpam-7064 author: Adel, Mohamed; Khader, M. M.; Ahmad, Hijaz; Oqilat, Osama ; Mohammed Abdelfattah, Waleed title: Using the Multi-Domain Spectral Relaxation Method through a Numerical Simulation for the Brusselator System date: 2025 words: 4004 flesch: 60 summary: https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i4.7064 Email addresses: adel@sci.cu.edu.eg (M. Adel), mmkhader@imamu.edu.sa (M. M. Khader), hijaz.ahmad@neu.edu.tr (H. Ahmad), o.oqilat@ammanu.edu.jo (O. Oqilat), w.abdelfattah@ubt.edu.sa (W. M. Abdelfattah) https://www.ejpam.com 1 [15] N. H. Sweilem, M. M. Khader, and M. Adel. keywords: domain; method; numerical; solutions; system cache: ejpam-7064.pdf plain text: ejpam-7064.txt item: #1972 of 2048 id: ejpam-7065 author: Alsoboh, Abdullah ; Amourah, Ala; Almashrafi, Khaled ; sasa, Tala title: A Study on Bi-Univalent Functions of Complex Order Arising from the q-Fibonacci Analogue date: 2025 words: 5349 flesch: 80 summary: The results obtained in this investigation not only extend and generalize several previous contributions in the theory of bi-univalent functions, but also provide new insights into the interplay between bi-univalent function theory, the q-Fibonacci numbers and the shell-like geometries. Motivated by recent advances in q-calculus and its applications in geometric function theory, we construct and examine two distinct families of analytic bi-univalent functions. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-7065.pdf plain text: ejpam-7065.txt item: #1973 of 2048 id: ejpam-7067 author: Donganont, Mana; Witthayarat, Uamporn; Intawichai, Siriwan; Phongchan, Saranya title: Threshold-Based Nonlinear Protocols for Scaled Edge Consensus under Input Saturation Constraints date: 2025 words: 8096 flesch: 57 summary: The edge counterpart, scaled edge consensus, is comparatively recent: Park et al. (2) The network is said to achieve scaled edge consensus if there exists a scalar λ ∈ R satisfying lim t→∞ Z(t) keywords: activation; consensus; control; dispersion; donganont; edge; gain; quasi; saturation; scaled; threshold; time; z(t cache: ejpam-7067.pdf plain text: ejpam-7067.txt item: #1974 of 2048 id: ejpam-7071 author: Alameer, Amerah; Al-hawary, Tariq; Frasin, Basem; Yousef, Feras title: Analytic Subclass Conditions for Operators Involving the Generalized Imaginary Error Function date: 2025 words: 3475 flesch: 79 summary: Error functions inequalities. The radius of starlikeness for error function. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-7071.pdf plain text: ejpam-7071.txt item: #1975 of 2048 id: ejpam-7074 author: Iampan, Aiyared; Rajesh, Neelamegarajan ; Oner, Tahsin ; Ates, Firat ; Geetha, Kannan ; Saeid, Arsham Borumand title: On Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Subalgebras of Sheffer Stroke Hilbert Algebras date: 2025 words: 5632 flesch: 77 summary: Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Additionally, the role of fuzzy sets in Sheffer stroke BE-algebras [5] has been investigated, underscoring the far-reaching effects of the Sheffer stroke operation across diverse algebraic systems. keywords: sheffer; subalgebra; γa(d cache: ejpam-7074.pdf plain text: ejpam-7074.txt item: #1976 of 2048 id: ejpam-7078 author: Casinillo, Leomarich; Canoy, Jr., Sergio title: Super Hop Roman Domination in Graphs date: 2025 words: 7870 flesch: 93 summary: Since vx ∈ E(G +H) for all x ∈ V (H), it follows that u ∈ V G 2 , w ∈ V G 1 ∪ V G 2 , dG(u, v) = 2, and N2 G(w)∩ V G 0 = {v}. Let f = (V0, V1, V2) be an RDF on G + H, and let V G i = Vi ∩ V (G) and V H i = Vi ∩ V (H) for i ∈ {0, 1, 2}. keywords: hop; γshr(g cache: ejpam-7078.pdf plain text: ejpam-7078.txt item: #1977 of 2048 id: ejpam-7083 author: Ayari, Mohamed; Gharbi, Atef; Klai, Zeineb; Hasnaoui, Abdelhalim ; Elsayed, Mahmoud Salaheldin ; Abdelrahim, Elsaid title: Game-Theoretic Electromagnetic Isolation Framework for Wireless Connectivity in Mineral and Phosphate Mining Environments date: 2025 words: 5662 flesch: 39 summary: The proposed framework formulates electromagnetic isolation design as a non-cooperative122 game where each isolation technique—such as Buried Diffused Layers (BDL), metallized123 grids, guard rings, and EBG structures—is modeled as a strategic player. By modeling isolation techniques as strategic players in a non-cooperative game, the framework derives equilibrium solutions that balance isolation, insertion loss, fabrication complexity, and deployment cost. keywords: appl; ayari; complexity; design; electromagnetic; equilibrium; eur; fabrication; framework; frequency; game; ghz; guard; insertion; isolation; loss; math; mining; optimization; pure; substrate; techniques; theoretic cache: ejpam-7083.pdf plain text: ejpam-7083.txt item: #1978 of 2048 id: ejpam-7091 author: Ayari, Mohamed; Gharbi, Atef; Klai, Zeineb; Hasnaoui, Abdelhalim; Elsayed, Mahmoud Salaheldin; Abdelrahim, Elsaid title: Optimizing Communication Network Routing with A* Algorithm: A Comparative Study Against Bellman-Ford and Dijkstra for Enhanced Quality of Service date: 2025 words: 9301 flesch: 61 summary: The weighted variant uses fω(v) = g(v) + ω h(v), ω ≥ 1, (14) to trade additional pruning for a controlled increase in path cost with respect to the scalarized objective. Weighted A* exposed a practical speed–quality knob: moderate values of ω provided substantial reductions in expansions with small stretch in path cost. keywords: appl; ayari; bellman; cost; dijkstra; energy; ford; heuristic; jitter; latency; loss; math; networks; path; pure; qos; routing; time cache: ejpam-7091.pdf plain text: ejpam-7091.txt item: #1979 of 2048 id: ejpam-7095 author: Kamran; Zahra, Bibi; Ali, Zeeshan; Aloqaily, Ahmad ; Mlaiki, Nabil title: A Laplace-Chebyshev Spectral Method for Multi-Dimensional Anomalous Transport date: 2025 words: 8640 flesch: 72 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7095 8 of 30 Next, we split the difference of integrals into three parts as follows:∣∣∣∣ ∫ τ1 0 (τ1 − ϑ)α−1 ( λ1∇2u(x̄1, ϑ)− λ2u(x̄1, ϑ) + f(x̄1, ϑ) ) dϑ − ∫ τ2 0 (τ2 − ϑ)α−1 ( λ1∇2u(x̄2, ϑ)− λ2u(x̄2, ϑ) + f(x̄2, ϑ) ) dϑ ∣∣∣∣ = [ ∫ τ1 0 [ (τ1 − ϑ)α−1 − (τ2 − ϑ)α−1 ] ( λ1∇2u(x̄1, ϑ)− λ2u(x̄1, ϑ) + f(x̄1, ϑ) ) dϑ︸ ︷︷ ︸ (iii) ] for the integral (i), using the mean value theorem, we have |(τ1 − ϑ)α−1 − (τ2 − ϑ)α−1| ≤ (α− 1)(τ2 − τ1)(τ1 − ϑ)α−2 Therefore: (i) ≤ (λ1∥∇2u∥∞ + λ2∥u∥∞ + ∥f∥∞)(α− 1)δ2 ∫ τ1 0 (τ1 − ϑ)α−2dϑ = (λ1∥∇2u∥∞ + λ2∥u∥∞ + ∥f∥∞)δ2τ α−1 1 . keywords: example; fractional; method; numerical; solution; u(x̄; ϑ)α−1 cache: ejpam-7095.pdf plain text: ejpam-7095.txt item: #1980 of 2048 id: ejpam-7098 author: Odat, Naser title: Neutrosophic Reliability Analysis Using the Kumaraswamy Distribution: A Robust Framework for Uncertain Data date: 2025 words: 4165 flesch: 54 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7098 10 of 13 Figure 1: Coverage probability of neutrosophic reliability estimator for various sample sizes and parameter values. Figure 3: Convergence of neutrosophic reliability estimate to the true value with increasing sample size. keywords: distribution; interval; neutrosophic; reliability; θl1; θu1 cache: ejpam-7098.pdf plain text: ejpam-7098.txt item: #1981 of 2048 id: ejpam-7112 author: Memon, Kashif ; Shaikh, Muhammad Mujtaba ; Mahesar, Sara ; Malik, Kamran ; Ahmad, Hijaz; Uzun, Berna ; Özsahin, İlker; Abdelfattah , Waleed Mohammed title: Approximating Riemann-Stieltjes Integral Using New Time and Cost Efficient Trapezoid-type Quadrature date: 2025 words: 11065 flesch: 75 summary: − β ∫ β α ∫ t α ∫ y α g(x) dx dt+ ∫ Obviously, the RS-integral can be regarded as an enhancement of the usual integration by Riemann, in a way that besides the integrand f , the integrator also depends on x. While a considerable effort in literature has been done on enhancing quadrature rules for the classical Riemann integrals as compared to the RS-integrals, only some investigations have been attempted to approximate the RS-integral. keywords: g(t; quadrature; t α; xk−1 ∫; α ∫; β α; ∫ t; ∫ xk; ∫ y; ∫ β cache: ejpam-7112.pdf plain text: ejpam-7112.txt item: #1982 of 2048 id: ejpam-7116 author: Kostic, Aleksandar title: Generalized Branciari Metrics: Fixed Point Results and Open Problems date: 2025 words: 3891 flesch: 79 summary: As generally in metric fixed point theory, further research scope could be focused on proving analogues of standard metric fixed point theorems, or further generalization of the underlying structure of g.B.m.s. (or both). A. Kostić / Eur. J. Pure Appl. 3. Prove a version of fixed point theorem with “simulation functions” of Khojasteh et al. keywords: point cache: ejpam-7116.pdf plain text: ejpam-7116.txt item: #1983 of 2048 id: ejpam-7119 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman; Rabaiah, Ayat title: Fractional-Order Neutrosophic MR-Metric Spaces: Theory, Fixed Point Theorems, and Applications date: 2025 words: 5139 flesch: 58 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54E35, 26A33, 03E72 Key Words and Phrases: Fractional-order metric spaces, Neutrosophic logic, MR-metric spaces, Fixed point theory, Fractional calculus, Anomalous diffusion, Uncertainty modeling 1. The recent introduction of MR-metric spaces by Malkawi et al. keywords: malkawi; metric; point; pure; spaces cache: ejpam-7119.pdf plain text: ejpam-7119.txt item: #1984 of 2048 id: ejpam-7120 author: Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman; Rabaiah, Ayat title: Neutrosophic Statistical Manifolds: A Unified Framework for Information Geometry with Uncertainty Quantification date: 2025 words: 5167 flesch: 62 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53B12, 62B11, 46S50, 03E72, 68T37 Key Words and Phrases: Neutrosophic logic, information geometry, MR-metric spaces, Jensen–Shannon divergence, statistical manifolds, uncertainty quantification, fixed point theory 1. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7120 2 of 16 In parallel, the notion of MR-metric spaces was introduced by Malkawi et al. keywords: malkawi; metric; neutrosophic; pure; spaces cache: ejpam-7120.pdf plain text: ejpam-7120.txt item: #1985 of 2048 id: ejpam-7125 author: Alsoboh, Abdullah; Almalkawi, Ahmad ; Amourah, Ala ; Al Mashrafi, Khalid; Sasa, Tala title: Coefficient Problems for Bi-Univalent Functions via $q$–Rabotnov Kernels and $q$–Fibonacci Subordination date: 2025 words: 7259 flesch: 76 summary: Motivated by the interplay between q–calculus and geometric function theory, this paper introduces and investigates a new subclass of bi-univalent functions associated with shell- like domains generated through the q–Rabotnov function and the q–analogue of Fibonacci num- bers. These findings enrich the structural understanding of bi-univalent functions and suggest future directions involving operator theory, convolution structures, and further applications of q–calculus in complex analysis. keywords: functions; γq(1 +; δ β cache: ejpam-7125.pdf plain text: ejpam-7125.txt item: #1986 of 2048 id: ejpam-7126 author: Badr, Souha title: Statistical Inference of Accelerated Ishita Model Based on Type-I Generalized Hybrid Censoring Data with Applications date: 2025 words: 6945 flesch: 71 summary: Analysis of accelerated life test data under two failure modes. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62F10, 62F15, 62F40 Key Words and Phrases: Bayesian estimation, bootstrap confidence interval, classical estima- tion, generalized hybrid censoring scheme, Ishita distribution, MCMC 1. keywords: data; distribution; interval; model; type cache: ejpam-7126.pdf plain text: ejpam-7126.txt item: #1987 of 2048 id: ejpam-7128 author: Anakira, Nidal ; Bawaneh, Sameer ; Al-khateeb, Areen; Amourah, Ala ; Sasa, Tala title: Modified Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method for Singular Two-Point Boundary Value Problems date: 2025 words: 3922 flesch: 58 summary: − 0.0555556c6x9 − 0.296296c7x9 + 0.0238095c3x8 −0.0714286c5x8 1.33333C0x3 − 4.C2x3 −21.3333C3x3 − 4.C1x2 − 21.3333C2x2 − 4.C0x − 21.3333C1x − 21.3333C0 + 2 (24) keywords: anakira; method; oham; value cache: ejpam-7128.pdf plain text: ejpam-7128.txt item: #1988 of 2048 id: ejpam-7138 author: El-Shorbagy, mohammed; Elsawy, Ahmed; Henedy, Abdallah; Nabwey, Hossam; Alreshidi, Bandr; Abdelwahab, Essam title: Mathematical Analysis for Magnetohydrodynamic Peristaltic Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid in the Glymphatic System date: 2025 words: 8638 flesch: 58 summary: This article examines the ef- fect of a transverse magnetostatic field and pertinent physiological conditions on CSF flow. The effective Navier–Stokes governing equations describe the peristalsis of CSF flow subjected to a magnetostatic field. keywords: appl; csf; deformation; eur; field; figure; flow; fluid; pressure; pure; pvs; tissue; velocity cache: ejpam-7138.pdf plain text: ejpam-7138.txt item: #1989 of 2048 id: ejpam-7142 author: Hussein, Eman; Malkawi, Abed Al-Rahman; Amourah, Ala; Alsoboh, Abdullah; Al Kasbi, Ahmed; Sasa, Tala; Rabaiah, Ayat M. title: Foundations of Neutrosophic MR-Metric Spaces with Applications to Homotopy, Fixed Points, and Complex Networks date: 2025 words: 6190 flesch: 60 summary: 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 47H10, 54H25, 05C82, 68R10, 03E72 Key Words and Phrases: Neutrosophic MR-metric spaces, fixed point theorems, graph theory, net- work robustness, neutrosophic homotopy, centrality mapping, contraction mappings 1. Quantitative Results and Performance Analysis Network Type n R L(G) η(G) Social (Facebook) 2.8B 1.08 4.7 0.15 Neural (C. elegans) 302 1.23 2.3 0.22 Internet AS 74K 1.15 3.2 0.08 Power Grid 4.9K 1.32 18.7 0.08 Protein Interaction 6.5K 1.19 4.1 0.12 Table 1: Neutrosophic MR-Metric parameters for real networks Application Success Rate Computation Time Robustness Gain Influencer Identification 92% 45min 1.8× Network Hardening 88% 2.3hr 2.1× Path Planning 95% 8.7s 1.5× Folding Analysis 83% 34min 1.9× Table 2: Performance metrics for neutrosophic MR-metric applications Remark 1 (Practical Implementation Considerations). keywords: applications; contraction; metric; neutrosophic; point; pure; spaces cache: ejpam-7142.pdf plain text: ejpam-7142.txt item: #1990 of 2048 id: ejpam-7147 author: Mohammed Saeed, Maha; Hatamleh, Raed; Ali Abujabal, Hamza ; Hussain, Aqeedat; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; Elashiry, M. I; Hasnaoui, Abdelhalim; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa title: Complex Neutrosophic Soft Topology with Multivariate Analysis: A Unified Framework for Signal-Template Relationships date: 2025 words: 16942 flesch: 69 summary: Let (F̃1, E) and (F̃2, E) be two complex single-valued neutrosophic soft sets over the universe set X. Then, the AND operation on them is denoted by (F̃1, E) ∧ (F̃2, E) = (F̃3, E × E) and is defined by: (F̃,E×E) = {( (e1, e2), ⟨x, TF̃3(e1,e2) (x), IF̃3(e1,e2) (x), FF̃3(e1,e2) (x)⟩ : x ∈ X ) : (e1, e2) ∈ E×E } . 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 03E72, 06F25, 62H25, 54A10 Key Words and Phrases: Complex neutrosophic soft sets, complex neutrosophic soft topology, cotan- gent similarity measures, data visualization techniques 1. keywords: 0.2eιπ(0.1; appl; cluster; complex; fuzzy; f̃1; f̃2; math; neutrosophic; pure; sets; similarity; vol cache: ejpam-7147.pdf plain text: ejpam-7147.txt item: #1991 of 2048 id: ejpam-7150 author: Mohammed, Zakariya; Mohammed, Sanaa; Salih, Mohyaldein; Ibrahim, Myada; Hamed, Omer ; Osman, Ola; Satty, Ali title: Sparse Cells, Inflated Odds: Bias Reduction Methods for Complex Survey Data with an Application to Hygiene Availability date: 2025 words: 5019 flesch: 54 summary: [16], who extended Bayesian hierar- chical approaches for sparse survey data, have provided important theoretical groundwork. Complex survey designs, such as UNICEF’s Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), often generate sparse cells across strata, leading to inflated odds ratios (ORs), wide confidence in- tervals (CIs), and convergence failures in survey-weighted logistic regression (SLR). keywords: bias; data; firth; fplr; household; regression; slr; states; sudan; survey cache: ejpam-7150.pdf plain text: ejpam-7150.txt item: #1992 of 2048 id: ejpam-7160 author: Azzam, A.A.; Alreshidi, B.; Aldawood, M. title: Exploring the Applications of Grill Rough Topological Structures Generated by Different Minimal Neighborhood Types date: 2025 words: 8308 flesch: 83 summary: L. Consequently, C ∈ MN r for all π1 ∈ C, and C ∈ MN l for all π1 ∈ C. I such that π1 ∈ Ci0 , i.e., MN ι ⊓ (Ci0) c /∈ L. ⇒ MN ι ⊓ (⊔i∈ICi) /∈ keywords: grill; mn r; mn ι; ×l mn; τlmn cache: ejpam-7160.pdf plain text: ejpam-7160.txt item: #1993 of 2048 id: ejpam-7166 author: Nabwey, Hossam A. ; Nadeem, Hajra ; Ashraf, Muhammad ; Rashad, A; Chamkha, Ali title: A Comprehensive Review on Structure of Heat and Fluid Flow in Liquid Metals at Low Grashof Number date: 2025 words: 8893 flesch: 56 summary: Gr < 107 Onset of measurable convec- tion Convection begins to domi- nate heat transfer Gr ≈ 107 and above Turbulent convection Strong buoyancy flow Table 3: Assessment of liquid metal heat transfer from various studies Reference Fluid Geometry Parameter Range Method Key Findings Lyon & Poppen- dick Assessment of liquid metal heat transfer from various studies Reference Fluid Geometry Parameter Range Method Key Findings Singh & Chen [80] Fluids Concentric spheres Moderate Gr Numerical Numerical results for free convec- tion between concentric spheres, including flow structure and Nu– Gr data for comparison to exper- iments. keywords: convection; et al; flow; fluid; grashof; heat; heat transfer; high; international; journal; liquid; metals; nabwey; number; numerical; pure; review; transfer; transport cache: ejpam-7166.pdf plain text: ejpam-7166.txt item: #1994 of 2048 id: ejpam-7168 author: A. Azzam, A.; Alreshidi, B. ; Aldawood, M; M. Awad, Mohamed; Abdelhalim Hasnaoui; Ahmed Abu-Tahon, Medhat ; M. Abdel-Mageed, Ahmad. ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Correlation Measure for Quadri-Partitioned Neutrosophic Refined Sets and its Application in Medical Diagnosis date: 2025 words: 10692 flesch: 62 summary: 10, which displays the t-SNE view of patient disease correlations. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7168 20 of 26 Figure 12 The three patient profiles (P1, P2, and P3) are projected into three non-linear components, similarity patterns in their correlation patterns, in Fig. 13, which displays a 3D t-SNE depiction of patient disease correlations. keywords: cluster; correlation; j ê; neutrosophic; patient; sets cache: ejpam-7168.pdf plain text: ejpam-7168.txt item: #1995 of 2048 id: ejpam-7170 author: El-Shorbagy, M.A.; El-sisy, M.A. title: Solving Multi-Objective Resource Allocation Problem Using a Novel Optimization Approach: Genetic Algorithm with Hybrid Mutation date: 2025 words: 7187 flesch: 54 summary: Therefore, GA-HM represents an effective and efficient approach for solving multi-objective resource allocation problems. An effective ant colony optimization algorithm (aco) for multi-objective resource allocation problem (morap). keywords: algorithm; allocation; morap; mutation; objective; optimization; problem; resource; shorbagy; solutions cache: ejpam-7170.pdf plain text: ejpam-7170.txt item: #1996 of 2048 id: ejpam-7171 author: A zzam, A.; M. Abd El-latif, Alaa ; Alreshidi, B. ; Aldawood, M. ; M. Awad, Mohamed; Ali Abujabal, Hamza ; L. Armada, Cris ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood title: Operations on Complex Neutrosophic Soft Sets and Their Topological Spaces: A New Approach with Applications to Decision-Making date: 2025 words: 15509 flesch: 71 summary: Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7171 13 of 37 of complex fuzzy soft sets in τ1, {[IF̃i(e) (X)]e∈É}i∈I is the collection of complex fuzzy soft sets in τ2, {[FF̃i(e) (X)]e∈É}i∈I is a family of complex fuzzy soft sets in τ3. Then {[TF̃i(e) (X)]e∈É}i=1,n is a family of complex fuzzy soft sets in τ1, {[IF̃i(e) (X)]e∈É}i=1,n is a family of complex fuzzy soft sets in τ2, {[FF̃i(e) (X)]e∈É}i=1,n is a family of complex fuzzy soft sets in τ3. keywords: 0.2eιπ(0.1; cns; fuzzy; f̃1; f̃2; math; neutrosophic; sets; similarity; vol cache: ejpam-7171.pdf plain text: ejpam-7171.txt item: #1997 of 2048 id: ejpam-7172 author: Mohammed, Wael; Iqbal, Naveed; Alshammary, Hijyah M. ; Gassem, F.; Algolam, M. S. title: New Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Stochastic Fractional Solutions for the Conformable Derivative Coupled Schrödinger-KdV Equations Using Sardar Subequation Method date: 2025 words: 6508 flesch: 74 summary: Case I-2: If ℏ1 < 0, and ℏ2 = 0, then Y1,3 = ±2 √ −pqℏ1 (ℏ1 − k − 3k2 + 3δ) secpq(− √ ℏ1ζ)eiΘ+ρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (33) Z1,3 = {k2 − δ − ℏ1 + 2pqℏ1 sec2pq( √ ℏ1ζ)}eρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (34) and Y1,4 = ±2 √ −pqℏ1 (ℏ1 − k − 3k2 + 3δ) cscpq(− √ ℏ1ζ)eiΘ+ρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (35) Z1,4 = {k2 − δ − ℏ1 + 2pqℏ1 csc2pq( √ ℏ1ζ)}eρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (36) for ( ℏ1 − k − 3k2 + 3δ ) > 0. Math, 18 (4) (2025), 7172 8 of 22 Y1,7 = ± √ −2ℏ1 (ℏ1 − k − 3k2 + 3δ)[cothpq( √ −2ℏ1ζ)± √ pqcschpq( √ −2ℏ1ζ)]eiΘ+ρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (41) Z1,7 = {k2 − δ − ℏ1 + ℏ1[cothpq( √ −2ℏ1ζ)± √ pqcschpq( √ −2ℏ1ζ)]2}eρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (42) and Y1,8 = ±1 2 √ −ℏ1 (ℏ1 − k − 3k2 + 3δ)[tanhpq( √ −ℏ1 8 ζ) + cothpq( √ −ℏ1 8 ζ)]eiΘ+ρW− 1 2 ρ2t, (43) keywords: method; solutions cache: ejpam-7172.pdf plain text: ejpam-7172.txt item: #1998 of 2048 id: ejpam-7184 author: Mohamed S. Mohamed; S.M. EL-Arishy; A. Gamal; Faqih, Saqer A. ; Aldallal, R.A. title: Concomitant Extropy of Lai and Xie’s Extensions under Generalized Order Statistics: Properties, Estimation, and Application to Saudi Arabia Industrial Data date: 2025 words: 6893 flesch: 73 summary: = ξ(Y )− δη∗[r,n,w,l]E((1− u)α+1uλ 1 g(G−1 Y (u)) )− (δη∗[r,n,w,l]) 2 2 × E((1− u)2αu2λ 1 g(G−1 Y (u)) ). 2ḠY (y) 2αG2λ Y (y) ] dy. = ξ(Y )− δη∗[r,n,w,l] ∫ ∞ 0 (1− u)α+1uλ 1 g(G−1 Y (u)) du− (δη∗[r,n,w,l]) 2 2 × ∫ ∞ 0 (1− u)2αu2λ 1 g(G−1 Y (u)) keywords: extropy cache: ejpam-7184.pdf plain text: ejpam-7184.txt item: #1999 of 2048 id: ejpam-7190 author: S.E, Fadugba; N, Jeeva; A.E, Fadugba; O, Faweya; Ahmad Aloqaily; Fady Hasan; Nabil Mlaiki title: Mathematical Modeling for the Analysis and Optimization of Nutrient Dynamics in Edible Mushrooms date: 2025 words: 6399 flesch: 48 summary: Substrate effects on mushroom nutrient content. Variations in α can represent changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature, moisture, or nutri- ent availability, which directly affect mushroom growth dynamics. keywords: biomass; distribution; dynamics; figure; growth; model; mushroom; nutrient; production; waste cache: ejpam-7190.pdf plain text: ejpam-7190.txt item: #2000 of 2048 id: ejpam-720 author: Akdemir, Deniz; Gupta, Arjun K. title: A Matrix Variate Skew Distribution date: 2010 words: 4953 flesch: 79 summary: Matrix variate distributions can be used to account for the dependence among individual vector observations. When we want to refer to the multivariate or matrix variate forms of these functions, we will use subindices to describe the dimensions. keywords: j=1; matrix; skew cache: ejpam-720.pdf plain text: ejpam-720.txt item: #2001 of 2048 id: ejpam-721 author: Sayed, O. R.; Noiri, Takashi title: On Supra b−open Sets and Supra b-continuity on Topological Spaces date: 2010 words: 3231 flesch: 90 summary: The supra interior of a set A,denoted by Intµ(A), is the union of supra open sets included in A. [3] R. Devi, S. Sampathkumar and M. Caldas, On supra α-open sets and sα-continuous maps, General Mathematics, 16 (2) (2008), 77 - - 84. keywords: set; supra cache: ejpam-721.pdf plain text: ejpam-721.txt item: #2002 of 2048 id: ejpam-7216 author: Dahan, Fadl title: QoS-Aware Cloud Service Composition via an Enhanced Multi-Agent Bird Swarm Algorithm date: 2025 words: 8198 flesch: 56 summary: Following on the work of developing a multi-Agent swarm based algorithm, this paper presents an improved and adaptive solution to web service Composition: Multi-Agent Bird Swarm Algorithm (MA-BSA). 2020 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 68M14, 68T05, 90C59 Key Words and Phrases: Web service composition, service-oriented computing, bird swarm al- gorithm, multi-agent, bird swarm algorithm, United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) 1. keywords: agent; algorithm; appl; bsa; cloud; colony; composition; dahan; math; optimization; pure; qos; search; service; service composition; swarm; web cache: ejpam-7216.pdf plain text: ejpam-7216.txt item: #2003 of 2048 id: ejpam-7228 author: Noorwali, Maha ; Hatamleh, Raed ; Heilat, Ahmed Salem ; Qawaqneh, Haitham ; Khattak, Arif Mehmood; Hussain, Aqeedat ; J. Hamja, Jamil ; L. Armada, Cris title: Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Framework for Complex Double Valued Neutrosophic Soft Sets and Emotional Affinity Evaluation via Cotangent Similarity date: 2025 words: 19706 flesch: 64 summary: Then, the AND operation on them is represented by (F̃1, E)∧ (F̃2, E) = (F̃3, E × E) and is described as follows: (F̃,E × E) = {( (e1, e2), ⟨x, TF̃3(e1,e2) (x),RT F̃3(e1,e2) (x), RF F̃3(e1,e2) (x),FF̃3(e1,e2) (x)⟩ : x ∈ X ) : (e1, e2) ∈ E × E } . Consider (F̃1, E) and (F̃2, E) be CDVNS sets over the universe X. Then, the OR operation on them is represented by (F̃1, E) ∨ (F̃2, E) = (F̃3, E × E) and is given as: (F̃, E × E) = {( (e1, e2), ⟨x, TF̃3(e1,e2) (x),RT F̃3(e1,e2) (x), RF F̃3(e1,e2) (x),FF̃3(e1,e2) (x)⟩ : x ∈ X ) : (e1, e2) ∈ E × E } . keywords: 0.2eιπ(0.1; appl; cdvns; e)c; eur; fuzzy; f̃1; f̃2; math; neutrosophic; noorwali; pure; set; sets; signal; similarity; template cache: ejpam-7228.pdf plain text: ejpam-7228.txt item: #2004 of 2048 id: ejpam-726 author: Acikgoz, Ahu title: On Beta*g–closed Sets and New Separation Axioms date: 2011 words: 5400 flesch: 93 summary: [24] we introduce a new class of sets called β∗g−closed sets, which is stronger than g−closed sets and weaker than closed sets. At this point, we shall introduce and study the notions of β∗g−closed sets which are situated between the class of closed sets and g−closed sets. keywords: set cache: ejpam-726.pdf plain text: ejpam-726.txt item: #2005 of 2048 id: ejpam-728 author: Che Hussin, Che Haziqah; Kilicman, Adem title: On the Solution of Fractional Order Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems By Using Differential Transformation Method date: 2011 words: 3985 flesch: 77 summary: References [1] Aytac Arikoglu and I. Ozkol, Solution of boundary value problems for integro- differential equations by using differential transform method, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 168, pp. [4] N. Bildik, A. Konuralp, F.O. Bek and S. Kucukarslan, Solution of different type of the par- tial differential equation by differential transform method and Adomian’s decomposition method, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 172, pp. keywords: differential; order cache: ejpam-728.pdf plain text: ejpam-728.txt item: #2006 of 2048 id: ejpam-739 author: Gal, Sorin title: Approximation by Complex Potentials Generated by the Euler's Beta Function date: 2010 words: 4890 flesch: 84 summary: = 1 Beta(α,β) · ∫ 1 0 tα−1(1− t)β−1[Ut( f )(z)− f (z)]d t, which together with the estimate |Ut( f )(z)− f (z)| ≤ Cr( f )t in Gal [2, p. 213, Theorem 3.2.5, (iii)], implies |Gα,β U ( f )(z)− f (z)| ≤ 1 Beta(α,β) · ∫ 1 0 tα−1(1− t)β−1|Ut( f )(z)− f (z)|d t ≤ Cr( f ) 1 Beta(α,β) · ∫ 1 0 tα(1− t)β−1d t = Cr( f ) · Beta(α+ 1,β) Beta(α,β) keywords: � � cache: ejpam-739.pdf plain text: ejpam-739.txt item: #2007 of 2048 id: ejpam-747 author: Sharma, Poonam; Srivastava, Prachi title: Some properties of a Class of p-valent Analytic Functions Associated with Convolution date: 2010 words: 8130 flesch: 88 summary: Taking absolute value of f (z) given in (7) and using Corollary 2, we get � � f (z) � � ≤ |zp|+ ∞ ∑ k=1 ap+k � �zp+k � � ≤ |zp|+ β � p−m+ 1 � � p+ 1 � dp+1 � �zp+1 � � and � � f (z) � �≥ |zp| − ∞ ∑ k=1 ap+k � �zp+k � � ≥ |zp| − β � p−m+ 1 � � p+ 1 � dp+1 � �zp+1 � � , which prove assertion (14). Using series expansion of � f ∗ g �m+1 and � f ∗ g �m from (8), we have � � � � � − ∞ ∑ k=1 � p+ k � ! keywords: h �; k �; k−m �; z �; z0 �; ℜg �; − �; � f; � m; � p; � p−m−; � � cache: ejpam-747.pdf plain text: ejpam-747.txt item: #2008 of 2048 id: ejpam-750 author: Naika, M S Mahadeva; Bairy, K. Sushan; Manjunatha, M. title: Some New Modular Equations of Degree Four and Their Explicit Evaluations date: 2010 words: 9471 flesch: 81 summary: − 80Q3P4ca+ 192Q3P3ca+ 144Q2P4ca− 48Q4P3ca+ 96Q2P2ac − 144Q3P2ac + 96acP3Q− 240acP3Q2 + 48acQ4P2 + 16Q4P4ac − 112QP4ac − 16aQ4Pc + 32cQ3aP − 16Q2P2 + 32Q3P − 32Q3P2 + 16Q2P3 + 16Q4P4c − 4Q4P2 + 16Q4P + 240aP3Q3 + 16a2Q3P2 + 8a2Q3P3 + 192Q3P3c + 72Q2P4a − 64Q3P4a− 4a2Q4P2 + 32acP4 − 32a2Q2P3 − 16aQ4P − 16QP4a− 4Q2P4a2 + 16QP4a2 + 32a2QP3 − 16a2Q2P2 + 96Q2P2c − 240Q3P2c − 80cQ4P3 − 4Q2P4 − 240Q3P2a+ 96Q3Pa+ 96Q2P2a+ 96Q3Pc − 16QP4c + 96aP3Q− 112cQ4P − 144Q2P3c − 16a2P4 − 16aP4+ 32cQ4− 16aQ4+ 48Q2P4c + 144cQ4P2 − 16Q4 − 64aQ4P3 + 16Q4P4a+ 32QP3c − 48Q3P4c − 240aP3Q2 + 8Q3P3 = 0. (40) − 12QP3+ 12P2Q3 + 12P3Q2 − 4P3Q3 − 16PQ+ P4 +Q4 = 0. (27) Using the fact that X = PQ and Y = P/Q in (27), we obtain (26). keywords: m �; p x; p y; � p; � y; � −; � � cache: ejpam-750.pdf plain text: ejpam-750.txt item: #2009 of 2048 id: ejpam-759 author: Rassias, John Michael; Karimov, Erkinjon Tulkinovich title: Boundary-value Problems with Non-local Initial Condition for Parabolic Equations with Parameter date: 2010 words: 3669 flesch: 79 summary: Then we get ∫ ∂Ω ∫ Re � ymuux cos (ν , x) + xnuuy cos � ν , y �− 1 2 xn ym |u|2 cos (ν , t) � dτ = ∫ ∫ Ω ∫ � ym ��ux ��2 + xn ��uy ��2 +λ1 xn ym |u| � dσ where ν is outer normal. Considering Re � uux � = Re � uux � , Re � uuy � = Re � uuy � we obtain Re ∫ ∫ S1 1 2 xn ym |u|2 dτ1 + ∫ ∫ S2 ymRe � uux � dτ2− ∫ ∫ S3 xnRe � uuy � dτ3− ∫ ∫ S4 ymRe � uux � dτ4 + ∫ ∫ S5 xnRe � uuy � dτ5−Re ∫ ∫ S6 1 2 xn ym |u|2 dτ6 (8) = ∫ ∫ Ω ∫ � ym ��ux ��2 + xn ��uy ��2 +λ1 xn ym |u| � dσ. From (8) and by using conditions (6), (8), we find 1 2 � 1− � α2 1 +α 2 2 �� 1∫ 0 1∫ 0 xn ym ��u�x , y, 1 ���d xd y + ∫ ∫ Ω ∫ � ym ��ux ��2 + xn ��uy ��2 +λ1 xn ym |u| � dσ= 0. (9) J. Rassias, E. Karimov / Eur. keywords: t �; y �; � � cache: ejpam-759.pdf plain text: ejpam-759.txt item: #2010 of 2048 id: ejpam-782 author: Kumar, Devendra title: Growth and Chebyshev Approximation of Entire Function Solution of Helmholtz Equation in R2 date: 2010 words: 2226 flesch: 79 summary: = L(p,q), if p > 2; 1+ L(p,q), if p = q = 2; max(1, L(p,q)), if 3≤ p = q <∞; ∞, if p = q =∞. where 0≤ Ω(p,q)≤∞. 3. (p, q)-Growth of Solutions and Chebyshev Polynomial Approximation In this section we shall prove our main results. 1, if 3≤ p = q <∞. M(f) and M(E) are defined similarly. keywords: δ(p cache: ejpam-782.pdf plain text: ejpam-782.txt item: #2011 of 2048 id: ejpam-792 author: Saxena, Ram K.; Pogany, Tibor K title: Mathieu-type Series for the aleph-function Occuring in Fokker-Planck Equation date: 2010 words: 3617 flesch: 84 summary: [24], how- ever the notation and complete definition is presented here in the following manner in terms of the Mellin–Barnes type integrals [also see 25]: ℵ[z] = ℵ m,n pi ,qi,τi ;r [z] = ℵ m,n pi ,qi ,τi;r � z ����� (a j,A j)1,n, . . . = 1, in (1) the definition of following I–function [21] is recovered: I[z] = ℵ m,n pi ,qi ,1;r[z] = ℵ m,n pi ,qi ,1;r � z ����� (a j ,A j)1,n, . . . keywords: function; � � cache: ejpam-792.pdf plain text: ejpam-792.txt item: #2012 of 2048 id: ejpam-796 author: Hendry, David F.; Nielsen, Bent title: A Modern Approach to Teaching Econometrics date: 2010 words: 8161 flesch: 64 summary: Thus, building on the simple estimation of means leads to regression, and hence to logit regression, and then on to bivariate regression models. Next, the students are required to calculate the differences of Ur,t , namely ∆Ur,t = Ur,t − Ur,t−1 and plot the resulting series as in fig. keywords: data; econometrics; hendry; model; nielsen; pure; regression cache: ejpam-796.pdf plain text: ejpam-796.txt item: #2013 of 2048 id: ejpam-797 author: Morin, Norman title: Likelihood Ratio Tests on Cointegrating Vectors, Disequilibrium Adjustment Vectors, and Their Orthogonal Complements date: 2010 words: 15416 flesch: 77 summary: A A S H H S H H S A φ φ φ φ φ ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ − ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ − ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ = ′ × ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′− . A A S A A S keywords: h h; h r; likelihood; r s; s h; s s; φ ⊥; − −; − ⊥; ⊥ ω; ⊥ −; ⊥ ⊥ cache: ejpam-797.pdf plain text: ejpam-797.txt item: #2014 of 2048 id: ejpam-798 author: Kim, Tae-Hwan; White, Halbert title: Bootstrapping the Shrinkage Least Absolute Deviations Estimator date: 2010 words: 4017 flesch: 67 summary: The estimators we study are shrinkage estimators that have themselves been taken in a novel direction. Using the bootstrap to obtain the sampling distribution of shrinkage estimators is a famil- iar approach in the literature. keywords: bootstrap; confidence; estimator; shrinkage; � � cache: ejpam-798.pdf plain text: ejpam-798.txt item: #2015 of 2048 id: ejpam-799 author: Kim, Yunmi; Kim, Tae-Hwan title: Variance-ratio Tests Robust to a Break in Drift date: 2010 words: 5868 flesch: 66 summary: 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62 Key Words and Phrases: Random walk hypothesis; variance ratio tests; spurious rejection; exchange rates 1. References [1] Cavaliere, G. and Taylor, A.M.R. Testing the null of co-integration in the presence of variance breaks. keywords: break; exchange; hypothesis; ratio; test; variance; walk cache: ejpam-799.pdf plain text: ejpam-799.txt item: #2016 of 2048 id: ejpam-801 author: Malmsten, Hans; Teräsvirta, Timo title: Stylized Facts of Financial Time Series and Three Popular Models of Volatility date: 2010 words: 10920 flesch: 59 summary: Many researchers have observed quite early on that for GARCH models, assuming normal errors is too strong a restriction, and they have suggested leptokurtic error distributions in their stead. This fact may be interpreted as support to the notion that a leptokurtic error distri- bution is a necessity when using GARCH models. keywords: autocorrelation; errors; figure; function; garch; garch model; kurtosis; model; observations; order; panel; series; � � cache: ejpam-801.pdf plain text: ejpam-801.txt item: #2017 of 2048 id: ejpam-802 author: Chen, John T. title: A New Skew-normal Model for the Application-oriented Skew-t Model date: 2010 words: 3461 flesch: 76 summary: In this paper, we initiate a new skew normal family that enhances the skew-t model in [10] and [7]. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 62E15, 62P20 Key Words and Phrases: Skew normal model, Student-t principle, excess kurtosis, asymmetry 1. Compared with existing skew models such as the generalized Gaussian model [11] or the model of skew normal sample mean [2], the new skew normal family enjoys more freedoms due to the explicit form taking two different skew factors in two halves of the real line. keywords: model; skew cache: ejpam-802.pdf plain text: ejpam-802.txt item: #2018 of 2048 id: ejpam-803 author: Armah, Nii Ayi; Swanson, Norman R. title: Diffusion Index Models and Index Proxies: Recent Results and New Directions date: 2010 words: 9414 flesch: 67 summary: Model 7 (Ordinary M( j) - bk Proxies Model): This forecast model is the same as Model 6, but bk factor proxies selected by the M( j) test are used: byT+h|T = ba0 + bα′SM T + bβ yT . • Model 9 (Smoothed A( j) - bk Proxies Model): This forecast model is the same as Model 5, except that the smoothed version of the A( j) test is used (see Section 3.3 for further discussion). keywords: diffusion; factor; forecast; index; j t; model; prediction; proxies; proxy; test; variables cache: ejpam-803.pdf plain text: ejpam-803.txt item: #2019 of 2048 id: ejpam-804 author: Joyeux, Roselyne title: A Generalization of the Concept of Cointegration to Harmonizable and Class (KF) Processes date: 2010 words: 4630 flesch: 67 summary: This would be the case, for example, of non-stationary processes generated by nonlinear systems which co-move according to a linear adjustment process. In this paper we consider a class of processes which are non-stationary and includes the class of stationary processes as a subset. keywords: class; harmonizable; processes; stationary cache: ejpam-804.pdf plain text: ejpam-804.txt item: #2020 of 2048 id: ejpam-805 author: ., EJPAM title: Institutional and Personal Tributes to Professor Sir Clive W.J. Granger date: 2010 words: 2965 flesch: 62 summary: Math, 3 (2010), 337-346 340 The University of Melbourne Sir Clive Granger, who won the Nobel prize in economics in 2003 and was knighted in 2005, passed away on May 27th 2009 at the age of 74. Math, 3 (2010), 337-346 343 European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics On 27 May 2009, at the age of 74, Sir Clive Granger, one of our distinguished Advisory Editors, passed away. keywords: clive; granger; professor; pure; series; time; university cache: ejpam-805.pdf plain text: ejpam-805.txt item: #2021 of 2048 id: ejpam-806 author: Granger, Clive W.J. title: Autobiography date: 2010 words: 4703 flesch: 67 summary: Over the years we worked on a variety of questions including seasonal adjustment, aggregation, and several new types of time series models. Take three active workers who interact, mix in a group of good students, and later add Jim Hamilton, Graham Elliott, and Allan Timmer- mann, and in under thirty years you produce a couple of Nobel Prizes, at least. keywords: book; break; granger; mathematics; pure; series; time; university; year cache: ejpam-806.pdf plain text: ejpam-806.txt item: #2022 of 2048 id: ejpam-808 author: Bozdogan, Hamparsum title: Editor’s Forward for the Granger Special Volume date: 2010 words: 2787 flesch: 37 summary: The unified theoretical framework is that of likelihood, using likelihood-ratio tests for inference and evaluation, and focusing on developing well- specified empirical models of interesting economic issues. K-th Moving, Weighted and Exponential Moving Average for Time Series Fore- casting Models by Chris P. Tsokos, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, U.S.A. This paper investigates the effectiveness of developing a forecasting model of a given nonstationary economic realization using a k-th moving average, a k-th weighted moving average and a k-th exponential weighted moving average process. keywords: department; economics; ejpam; granger; model; paper; professor; series; university cache: ejpam-808.pdf plain text: ejpam-808.txt item: #2023 of 2048 id: ejpam-811 author: Lai, Hang-Chin; Huang, Tone-Yau title: Complex Analysis Methods Related an Optimization Problem with Complex Variables date: 2010 words: 6467 flesch: 79 summary: = �∑k i=1λiRe � f (•,ηi) + (·) HAw1 �� × �∑k i=1λiRe � g(ξ,ηi)−α H Bw2 �� − �∑k i=1λiRe � f (ξ,ηi) +α HAw1 �� × �∑k i=1λiRe � g(•,ηi)− (·) HBw2 �� for •= (·, ·) ∈ Q ⊂ C2n. = ���E(|z|4)− 2 � E(|z|2) �2 − |E(z2)|2 ��� E(|z|2)2 where E(·) stands for expectation, and |z|2 = z · z. keywords: problem; � f; � ∑k; � � cache: ejpam-811.pdf plain text: ejpam-811.txt item: #2024 of 2048 id: ejpam-815 author: Goyal, Som Prakash; Goswami, Pranay title: Quasi-Hadamard Product of Certain Meromorphic p-Valent Analytic Functions date: 2010 words: 2000 flesch: 88 summary: 2000 [7] V. KUMAR, Hadamard product of certain starlike functions, J. Math. [12] T. SEKINE, On quasi-Hadamard products of p-valent functions with negative coefficients in: H. M. Srivastava and S. Owa (Editors), Univalent Functions, Fractional Calculus, and Their Applications, Halsted Press (Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester), John Wiley and Sons, New York, Chichester, Brisbane and Toronto, 317–328. 1989. keywords: functions cache: ejpam-815.pdf plain text: ejpam-815.txt item: #2025 of 2048 id: ejpam-816 author: Paris, Richard Bruce title: Asymptotic Expansion of n-dimensional Faxen-type Integrals date: 2010 words: 10622 flesch: 76 summary: [1] N G Bakhoom, Asymptotic expansions of the function Fk(x) [2] B L J Braaksma, Asymptotic expansions and analytic continuations for a class of Barnes- integrals, Compos. keywords: algebraic; arg; expansion; function cache: ejpam-816.pdf plain text: ejpam-816.txt item: #2026 of 2048 id: ejpam-830 author: Dziok, Jacek; Aouf, Mohamed Kamal; Sokół, Janusz title: Inequalities Involving Certain Integral Operator date: 2011 words: 2679 flesch: 88 summary: If z0 = r0eiθ (0 < r0 < 1) and � �w(z0) � � = max |z|≤|z0| |w(z)|, then z0w′(z0) = ζw(z0) (7) and Re ¨ 1+ z0w′′(z0) w′(z0) « ≥ ζ, (8) where ζ is a real number and ζ≥ ν � �w(z0)− a � � 2 � �w(z0) � � 2 − |a|2 ≥ ν � �w(z0) � �− |a| � �w(z0) � �+ |a| . keywords: � � cache: ejpam-830.pdf plain text: ejpam-830.txt item: #2027 of 2048 id: ejpam-834 author: Frasin, Basem title: (α,β,δ)- Neighborhood for Certain Analytic Functions with Negative Coefficients date: 2011 words: 1740 flesch: 86 summary: If f (z) ∈ T satisfies ∞ ∑ n=2 nk+1 � �eiαan− eiβ bn � �≤ δ− p 2(1− cos(α− β)) + ∞ ∑ n=2 nk+1 � �eiαan− eiβ bn � � . keywords: bn �; � � cache: ejpam-834.pdf plain text: ejpam-834.txt item: #2028 of 2048 id: ejpam-837 author: Mamedov, Khanlar R. title: On the Basis Property in Lp( 0,1) of the Root Functions of Non-self Adjoint Sturm-Lioville Operators date: 2010 words: 2995 flesch: 83 summary: Similarly, is proved the basisness in L2(0,1) of root functions of boundary problem (1),(3). All the eigenvalues of this problem starting with the second one are double, the general number of associated that the chosen specially system of root functions form an unconditional basis in L2 (0,1). keywords: basis cache: ejpam-837.pdf plain text: ejpam-837.txt item: #2029 of 2048 id: ejpam-84 author: Lakshmikantham, V.; Devi, J. Vasundhara title: Theory of Fractional Differential Equations in a Banach Space date: 2007 words: 3540 flesch: 78 summary: =t0 = x0, (2.1) where f ∈ C[R0, E] with R0 = [(t, x) : t0 ≤ t ≤ t0 + a and B(x0, b)], Dqx is the fractional derivative of x of order 0 < + 1 Γ(q) ∫ t t0 (t− s)q−1f(s, x(s))ds, t0 ≤ t ≤ t0 + a; (2.2) that is, every solution of (2.2) is a solution of (2.1) and vice versa. keywords: fractional; g(t cache: ejpam-84.pdf plain text: ejpam-84.txt item: #2030 of 2048 id: ejpam-841 author: Wang, Haohao; Hoffman, J. William; Jia, Xiaohong; Goldman, Rong title: Minimal Generators for the Rees Algebra of Rational Space Curves of Type (1,1,d-2) date: 2010 words: 13988 flesch: 82 summary: − y( w z )3( y x )2] = x2z4 − y3w3; x3z2r ′i ( w z , y x ) = x3z2[z − y( w z )2( y x )3] = x3z3 − y4w2; x4zr ′i ( w z , y x ) − y t, and transform the singular point to (0,0,0,1). keywords: curve; generators; singular; space; w z; y t; y x; y z; z x; − y cache: ejpam-841.pdf plain text: ejpam-841.txt item: #2031 of 2048 id: ejpam-842 author: Khan, Moiz ud Din; Noiri, Takashi title: On I (s*g)-Continuous Functions in Ideal Topological Spaces date: 2011 words: 3566 flesch: 91 summary: So x ∈ U ⊂ f −1(V ). By putting U = f −1(V ), we have x ∈ U and f (U)⊂ V . (2) ⇒ (3) Let V be an open set in Y and let f (x) ∈ V . keywords: is⋆g cache: ejpam-842.pdf plain text: ejpam-842.txt item: #2032 of 2048 id: ejpam-846 author: Edirisinghe, N.C.P. title: Approximating Expectation Functionals for Financial Optimization date: 2010 words: 8269 flesch: 67 summary: Instead, one may attempt to solve the semi-infinite dual problem of the GMP, given by φ∗(x) := sup π∈ℜN+1 { π0 + N∑ i=1 µiπi : π0 + N∑ i=1 fi(ξ)πi ≤ ϕ(x, ξ), ξ ∈ Ξ } . Define M as the convex hull of the moment conditions fi(ξ), i = 1, . . . , N for ξ ∈ Ξ, i.e., M := co {(f1(ξ), . . . keywords: edirisinghe; expectation; function; model; moment; optimization; portfolio; return; risk; sample; ϕ(x cache: ejpam-846.pdf plain text: ejpam-846.txt item: #2033 of 2048 id: ejpam-847 author: Shin, Dong Yun; Lee, Jung Rye; Park, Choonkil title: Random Stability of a Functional Equation Related to An Inner Product Space date: 2012 words: 5471 flesch: 89 summary: ρ� x 2 , x 2 ,−x ,0,...,0 �(t) which is equivalent to µ f (x)−2 f � x 2 �(t) ≥ ρ� x 2 , x 2 ,−x ,0,...,0 �(2nt) for all x ∈ X and all t > 0. ρ� x 2 ,− x 2 ,0,...,0 � (2t) for all x ∈ X and all t > 0. keywords: mapping; � � cache: ejpam-847.pdf plain text: ejpam-847.txt item: #2034 of 2048 id: ejpam-85 author: Chief, Editors in title: Letter from the Editors date: 2008 words: 1319 flesch: 42 summary: ISSN 1307-5543 – www.ejpam.com 1 Letter From the Editors “Biologically we are all mathematicians even if we are unable to articulate successfully what goes on inside our brains” Thomas Saaty As a group of young researchers, we are pleased to announce that the genesis of the new electronic journal European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics (EJPAM) is in January 2008. We all wish European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics has every success in the contemporary scientific world. keywords: journal; mathematics; pure cache: ejpam-85.pdf plain text: ejpam-85.txt item: #2035 of 2048 id: ejpam-854 author: Xu, Tian Zhou; Rassias, John Michael; Xu, Wan Xin title: Generalized Ulam-Hyers Stability of a General Mixed AQCQ-functional Equation in Multi-Banach Spaces: a Fixed Point Approach date: 2010 words: 6597 flesch: 87 summary: . , yk ∈ E. Using the oddness of f and (6), we have sup k∈N ‖( f (x1 + ny1) + f (x1− ny1)− n2 f (x1+ y1)− n2 f (x1− y1) . , yk ∈ E. Using the evenness of f and from (26), we have sup k∈N ‖( f (x1+ ny1) + f (x1− ny1)− n2 f (x1+ y1)− n2 f (x1− y1)− 2(1− n2) keywords: k∈n; n2 f; sup cache: ejpam-854.pdf plain text: ejpam-854.txt item: #2036 of 2048 id: ejpam-856 author: Selvaraj, C.; Selvakumaran, K. A. title: Majorization for Certain Classes of Analytic Functions Defined by a Generalized Operator date: 2010 words: 2522 flesch: 85 summary: If � D p,m λ (α1,β1) f (z) �( j) is majorized by � D p,m λ (α1,β1)g(z) �( j) in U for j ∈ N0, then � � � D p,m+1 λ (α1,β1) f (z) �( j) � � ≤ � � � D p,m+1 λ (α1,β1)g(z) �( j) � � for |z| ≤ r1, (9) where r1 = r1(p,γ,λ,A, B) is the smallest positive root of the equation |γλ(A− B) + pB|r3 − (p+ 2λ|B|)r2− (|γλ(A− B) + pB|+ 2λ)r + p = 0 (10) (−1≤ B < A≤ 1; p ∈ N; γ ∈ C− {0}; λ≥ 0). A function f (z) ∈ Ap is said to be in the class S p, j λ,m(A, B;γ) of p-valent functions of complex order γ 6= 0 in U if and only if Re � 1+ 1 γ � z � D p,m λ (α1,β1) f (z) �( j+1) � D p,m λ (α1,β1 keywords: � � cache: ejpam-856.pdf plain text: ejpam-856.txt item: #2037 of 2048 id: ejpam-86 author: Liu, Minhui; Bozdogan, Hamparsum title: Multivariate Regression Models with Power Exponential Random Errors and Subset Selection Using Genetic Algorithms With Information Complexity date: 2007 words: 12492 flesch: 69 summary: Type II model captures such misspecification as a general and flexible model which †The GA is setup to search β in [0.001 10]. (4.2) We denote the multivariate regression model under this assumption as Type II MVPER model. keywords: bozdogan; distribution; i=1; log; matrix; model; multivariate; mvper; selection; type; ′−1 cache: ejpam-86.pdf plain text: ejpam-86.txt item: #2038 of 2048 id: ejpam-864 author: Frasin, Basem title: Certain Sufficient Conditions for Univalence of Two Integral Operators date: 2010 words: 2794 flesch: 87 summary: If fi ∈A (i = 1, . . . , n) satisfies the inequality (4) and � � fi(z) � � ≤ M (z ∈ U , i = 1, . . If fi ∈A (i = 1, . . . , n) satisfies the inequality (4) and � � fi(z) � � ≤ M (z ∈ U ) then the integral operator Gn,β (z) defined by (2) is analytic and univalent in U . keywords: � mi; � ≤; � � cache: ejpam-864.pdf plain text: ejpam-864.txt item: #2039 of 2048 id: ejpam-865 author: Beceren, Yusuf; Noiri, Takashi title: On (delta_alpha), (delta_p) and (delta_s)-irresolute Functions date: 2011 words: 4178 flesch: 88 summary: [2] if f −1(V ) is semi-open set in X for every α-open subset V of Y . [3] if f −1(V ) is semi-open set in X for every preopen subset V of Y . keywords: irresolute; open; resp cache: ejpam-865.pdf plain text: ejpam-865.txt item: #2040 of 2048 id: ejpam-890 author: Åžiap, Irfan title: Burst Error Enumeration of m-Array Codes over Rings and Its Applications date: 2010 words: 7981 flesch: 82 summary: Note that the matrices E = � 1 0 1 1 1 1 � 2×3 and D =    1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1    3×3 are burst errors but they are not generic burst errors. Now, we shall make use of generic burst errors to determine all burst errors especially the number of burst errors. keywords: burst; errors; order; polynomial; weight cache: ejpam-890.pdf plain text: ejpam-890.txt item: #2041 of 2048 id: ejpam-901 author: Kwon, Oh Sang; Cho, Nak Eun title: Inclusion Properties for Certain Subclasses of Analytic Functions Defined by a Multiplier Transformation date: 2010 words: 3784 flesch: 93 summary: Let N be the class of all analytic functions h which are univalent in U and for which h(U) is convex with h(0) = 1 and and Re{h(z)} > 0 in U. For any real number s, we define the multiplier transformations I s λ of functions f ∈ A by I s λ f (z) = z + ∞∑ k=2 � k+λ 1+λ �s akzk (λ > −1). = I s λ,µ f (z) z ( f ∈ T s λ,µ(γ2; h) : z ∈ U). keywords: λ,µ cache: ejpam-901.pdf plain text: ejpam-901.txt item: #2042 of 2048 id: ejpam-914 author: De, Uday Chand title: A Note on Kaehler Manifolds date: 2010 words: 1067 flesch: 84 summary: − S(∇Z JX , Y )− S(JX ,∇Z Y ) = −∇ZS(X , JY )− S(J∇Z X , Y )− S(X , J∇Z Y ), using (5) = −∇ZS(X , JY ) + S(∇Z X , JY ) + S(X ,∇Z JY ), by (5) = −(∇ZS)(X , JY ). (12) Taking X = Y = ei in (12) we get 1 2 dr(J Z) keywords: manifold cache: ejpam-914.pdf plain text: ejpam-914.txt item: #2043 of 2048 id: ejpam-92 author: Gupta, A. K.; Kabe, D. G. title: Selberg-type squared matrices gamma and beta integrals date: 2007 words: 1311 flesch: 79 summary: = X1 − iX2 − jX3 − kX4 − `X5 −mX6 − nX7 − rX8, (13) is the HC conjugate of Y , and dY = dX1dX2 . . . Math, 1 (2008), (197-201) 199 where Σ0, p× p, is [Σ1 − Σ2 − Σ3 − Σ4 − Σ5 − Σ6 − Σ7 − Σ8Σ2Σ1 − Σ4Σ3 − Σ6Σ5Σ8 − Σ7Σ3Σ4Σ1 -Σ2 −Σ7Σ8Σ5Σ4Σ4 −Σ3Σ2Σ1 −Σ8Σ7 −Σ4Σ3Σ5Σ6Σ7Σ8Σ1 −Σ2 −Σ3 −Σ4Σ6 −Σ5 − Σ8 − Σ7Σ2Σ1Σ4Σ3Σ7 − Σ8 − Σ5Σ6Σ3 − Σ4Σ1Σ2 − Σ8Σ7Σ6 − Σ5Σ4Σ3 − Σ2Σ1], (10) where now t = 2, and we use Hamilton’s octonions, Halberstam and Ingram (1967, p. 654, equation (1)). keywords: integrals; selberg cache: ejpam-92.pdf plain text: ejpam-92.txt item: #2044 of 2048 id: ejpam-93 author: Zhang, Hailiang; Guo, Xiulan title: Blow-up for nonlinear heat equations with absorptions date: 2008 words: 2265 flesch: 81 summary: Moreover, there exits a constant C > 0 such that sup x∈Ω u(x , t)≤ C (T − t) 1 r−p ε0 < t < T, ε0 > 0. [7] A. W. Leung, Q.Zhang, Finite extinction time for nonlinear parabolic equations with nonlinear mixed boundary data, Nonlinear Analysis 31(1998) 1-13. keywords: blow; u(x cache: ejpam-93.pdf plain text: ejpam-93.txt item: #2045 of 2048 id: ejpam-97 author: Ebrahimi, Mohammad Mehdi; Barzegar, H title: Sequentially pure monomorphisms of acts over semigroups date: 2009 words: 7751 flesch: 84 summary: For a subset H of A× A let H e be the equivalence relation generated by H and H c = {(as, bs) : (a, b) ∈ H, s ∈ S} The cofree functor H : Set → Act-S is defined by HX = X S1 , the set of all functions from S1 to the set X , with the action of S on X S1 given by ( f s)(t) = f (st) for f ∈ X S1 , s ∈ S, and t ∈ S1. keywords: act; let; monomorphisms; pure cache: ejpam-97.pdf plain text: ejpam-97.txt item: #2046 of 2048 id: ejpam-975 author: Jhade, Pankaj Kumar; Saluja, A. S.; Kushwah, Renu title: Coincidence and Fixed Points of Nonexpansive Type Multivalued and Single Valued Maps date: 2011 words: 4286 flesch: 84 summary: b max{d( f f xn, T f xn), d( f p, T p)} + c max{d( f f xn, f p), d( f f xn, T f xn), d( f p, T p)} + e max{d( f f xn, f p), d( f f xn, T f xn), d( f p, T p), d( f f xn, T p)} ≤ sup x ,y∈X a(x , y)d( f f xn, f p) + sup x ,y∈X (b(x , y) + c(x , y) + e(x , y)) max{max{d( f f xn, T f xn), d( f p, T p)}, max{d( f f xn, f p), d( f f xn, T f xn), d( f p, T p)}, max{d( f f xn, f p), d( f f xn, T f xn), d( f p, T p), d( f f xn, T p)}} Note that d( f f xn, T f xn) ≤ d( f f xn, f T xn) + From (3),we have d(T f xn, T p) ≤ ad( f f xn, f p) + keywords: f f; f xn; f z; t xn cache: ejpam-975.pdf plain text: ejpam-975.txt item: #2047 of 2048 id: ejpam-976 author: Gupta, Arjun K.; Aziz, Mohammad A.S. title: Convex Ordering of Random Variables and its Applications in Econometrics and Actuarial Science date: 2010 words: 2410 flesch: 74 summary: In this work, we discuss the use of lower convex order of random variables to approximate this distribution. The convex order is closed under mixtures: Let X, Y and Θ be random variables such that [X |Θ = θ] ≤cx keywords: distribution; variables cache: ejpam-976.pdf plain text: ejpam-976.txt item: #2048 of 2048 id: ejpam-977 author: Jayaram, C.; Raju, V.C.C. title: A Note on Prufer Modules date: 2010 words: 1681 flesch: 78 summary: Secondary 13C05, 13A15 Key Words and Phrases: multiplication module, Prüfer module, Dedekind module, quasi-principal ideal, quasi-cyclic module. Note that quasi-cyclic submodules have been studied in [1], [3] and keywords: join; quasi cache: ejpam-977.pdf plain text: ejpam-977.txt