45 European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1851 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2022 · Liu L.-Y. & Sittichaya W. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). R e s e a r c h a r t i c l e urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:57BE020F-F904-498E-A4A1-A7585AD0A8B6 The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae: Bostrichinae), with a new genus and species from Thailand, and a key to the genera Lan-Yu LIU 1,*& Wisut SITTICHAYA 2 1 Department of Science Communication, National Pingtung University, No.4-18, Minsheng Rd, Pingtung City, Pingtung County 90049, Taiwan. 2 Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Rd, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110 Thailand. * Corresponding author: liulysky@gmail.com 2 Email: wanakorn62@hotmail.com 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:8A4ECE7C-2607-440D-B1BC-6E3B05EF02BB 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:12C0C726-FFF1-4E84-95AE-58F22CE095B3 Abstract. We describe a new genus, Infrantenna gen. nov. and a new species Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov., from Thailand and briefly review the Oriental genera currently placed in the tribe Xyloperthini  Lesne, 1921. A key to the Oriental genera of Xyloperthini is provided. Keywords. Xyloperthini, Oriental fauna, new genus, new species, key. Liu L.-Y. & Sittichaya W. 2022.The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae: Bostrichinae),  with a new genus and species from Thailand, and a key to the genera. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1851 Introduction In the fourth part of his monograph of the family Bostrichidae Latreille, 1802, Lesne (1901) included sixteen genera under the heading “Les Xylopertha” in the subfamily Bostrichinae Latreille, 1802. Lesne (1921) formally erected the tribe Xyloperthini Lesne, 1921 to include those genera with a lamelliform  intercoxal process of the first abdominal ventrite. The tribe Xyloperthini is the most species-rich in the  Bostrichidae, and currently includes 35 genera (Borowski & Węgrzynowicz 2007; Ivie 2010; Park et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2016; Liu & Beaver 2017; Liu 2021a; Zhang et al. 2022). The  tribe  has  a  worldwide  distribution,  but  the  individual  genera  are  mostly  confined  to  a  single  zoogeographical region or subregion (Morrone 2002; Borowski & Węgrzynowicz 2007; Beaver et al. 2011; Holt et al. 2013; Sittichaya et al. 2013; Park et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2016, 2021; Liu & Beaver  2017; Borowski 2018; Liu 2021a, 2021b; Zhang et al. 2022), with the Oriental region having the most  genera-rich fauna, and the African region the most species-rich fauna. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1851 http://www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/index https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:57BE020F-F904-498E-A4A1-A7585AD0A8B6 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-2671 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6200-1285 mailto:wanakorn62%40hotmail.com?subject= mailto:wanakorn62@hotmail.com http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:8A4ECE7C-2607-440D-B1BC-6E3B05EF02BB http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:12C0C726-FFF1-4E84-95AE-58F22CE095B3 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1851 European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 46 In this paper, we describe a new genus for an unusual species collected in northern Thailand. We provide an initial profile of Oriental Xyloperthini and a key to all Oriental genera of the tribe Xyloperthini. Material and methods In the course of this study, the senior author has examined all available types, and other specimens of Xyloperthini  in the Paris Museum, numerous additional European museums, private collections,  the online database of Insect Types of MCZ and the results of the examination of types in the IFRI by  Borowski & Singh (2017). Institutional abbreviations IFRI = Indian Forest Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Dehra Dun, India LYL = Private collection of Dr Liu Lan-Yu, Yilan, Taiwan MCZ  =  Insect Type Database, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, USA MNHN = Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France NHMU = Natural History Museum, London, UK PMCSNHM = Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand WST = Private collection of Dr Wisut Sittichaya, Songkla, Thailand The biogeographic regions used are based on Morrone (2002) and Holt et al. (2013). Photographs were taken with an Olympus E-M5MII digital camera and a Canon 6D digital camera with  a Canon MP-E 65 mm macro photo lens (Canon, Tokyo, Japan) and StackShot-Macrorail (Cognisys Inc, MI, USA). The photographs were then combined using the program Helicon Focus ver. 6.8.0. and ver. 7.0 (Helicon Soft, Ukraine), and optimized with Adobe Photoshop ver. CS2 and ver. CS6 (Adobe Systems, California, USA) The discussion of the characters of the Oriental Xyloperthini genera are mainly based on Lesne (1901,  1921), with additional characters obtained by the examination of specimens from the museums and collections listed above. Results Taxonomy Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758 Superfamily Bostrichoidea Latreille, 1802 Family Bostrichidae Latreille, 1802 Subfamily Bostrichinae Latreille, 1802 Tribe Xyloperthini Lesne, 1921 Infrantenna gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5187D839-B85D-48B4-8321-738F3E5CFD6D Type species Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov., here designated. Diagnosis A member of  the  tribe Xyloperthini as characterized by the antennal club segments elongated,  the  mandibles crossed at the tips, and the lamelliform intercoxal process of the first abdominal ventrite  (Lesne 1901; Fisher 1950; Liu & Schönitzer 2011). This taxon is distinguished from other genera of  http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5187D839-B85D-48B4-8321-738F3E5CFD6D LIU L.-Y. & SITTICHAYA W., The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini 47 Xyloperthini by the following combination of characters: frons weakly convex, without tuft of long  upwardly directed hairs on the head in either sex. Antennal fossa inserted next to lower intero-lateral margin of eyes below the fronto-clypeal suture; eyes strongly detached from cheek. Posterior part of  elytral disc without costae or teeth, infero-lateral margin of elytral declivity strongly raised to form a false epipleuron; female elytra declivity with deep clefts extending a little above the middle of the  declivity, dividing the outer part of the declivity from a pair of elongate, raised and grooved sutural lobes; posterior margin of 5th abdominal ventrite strongly emarginate in female; 5th abdominal ventrite of male with pleural pieces. Etymology The genus name is feminine, and refers to the unusually low position of the antennal fossa. Description Body. Elongate, cylindrical. Head deeply inserted in prothorax, not visible from above. Head. Frons weakly convex, without tuft of long upwardly directed hairs on the head in either sex, apart from a pair next to the inner margin of the eyes; fronto-clypeal suture dark, impressed in middle; clypeus  strongly transverse. Mandibles subequal, sharply pointed. Eyes large, globose, strongly detached from cheeks posteriorly. Antennal fossa inserted next to lower intero-lateral margin of eyes below fronto- clypeal suture, antenna with ten antennomeres, first and second antennomeres elongate, antennomeres  3–7 forming funicle, each antennomere short, fifth widest, together subequal to first club antennomere in  length; antennomeres 8–10 forming elongate, loose club, each antennomere with short, recumbent hairs,  two distinct C-shaped sensory impressions near anterior margin of antennomeres 8 and 9, indistinct sensory patches ⅓ of length from apex on last antennomere; antennomeres 8 and 9 subequal in length,  last antennomere elongate, oval, longer than penultimate antennomere, but subequal in width. Pronotum. Slightly wider than long, widest at base, antero-lateral angle with small, strongly upcurved tooth on each side, anterior margin between upcurved teeth slightly concave; sides broadly rounded,  converging more strongly anteriorly, posterior angles broadly rounded, without lateral carina; anterior  slope coarse with 4 large upcurved teeth antero-laterally on each side; discal surface shining, sparsely  punctate. Scutellum. Small, tongue-shaped, with very sparse punctures. elytra. Subequal to pronotum in width, parallel-sided, shining, disc and sides rugulose with small punctures, bearing minute hairs. Elytral declivity sexually dimorphic. Male with declivity concave, puncturation stronger and becoming smaller and shallower towards apex, declivital margins forming distinct infero-lateral epipleuron (false epipleuron of Lesne 1901) gradually narrowing to sutural apex to form carina which runs into the apical margin. Female with declivity convex, with deeper and larger punctures, infero-lateral epipleuron distinct and abruptly cut into semi-circular emargination from middle to apex; elytral declivity with deep clefts extending a little above middle of declivity, dividing  outer part of declivity from a pair of elongate, raised and grooved sutural lobes. aBdomen. In female, 5th abdominal ventrite strongly emarginated in middle on posterior margin. Last visible abdominal ventrite of male with pleural pieces. leg. Subequal in length, procoxae separated by narrow intercoxal process of first thoracic ventrite,  mesocoxae  very  narrowly  separated;  tibiae  expanded  toward  apices,  protibiae  broadly,  shallowly  grooved on external face, protarsi longer than the length of protibiae, with series of long hairs beneath, meso- and meta-tarsi longer than their respective tibiae. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 48 Remarks Infrantenna gen. nov. can be distinguished from all other xyloperthine genera by the combination of the frons with only one long hair on each side next to eyes, the antennal fossa placed very low on the head below fronto-clypeal suture, 10-segmented antennae with two C-shaped sensory areas near anterior margin of 1st and 2nd club segments, without lateral carina of pronotum, the female with deep clefts on the elytral declivity and strongly emarginated 5th abdominal ventrite and male with pleural pieces of 5th abdominal ventrite. Five genera which appear to be related to Infrantenna gen. nov. in their form and morphology have been selected, and characters considered to be potentially informative in the determination of phylogenetic relationships are compared in Table 1. Psicula Lesne, 1941 is the most similar genus morphologically to Infrantenna gen. nov. It has similar modifications of the apex of the elytral declivity and last abdominal  ventrite of the female, and has a similar distribution. However, Psicula has nine-segmented antennae and, like all the other genera compared, a more dorsal location of the antennal fossa. The last ventrite of the male also lacks pleural pieces. The African genus Xylion differs in the modifications of the female  abdominal ventrites with variously modified from 3rd to 5th ventrites. The Australian genus, Xylobosca Lesne, 1901, differs in the sexually dimorphic frons, the first abdominal ventrite of female enlarged, and  the widest of the protibia toward to middle. The North American genus, Xyloblaptus Lesne, 1901, which is the only selected genus with entire declivital apex in both sexes, lacks male pleural pieces, and has the widest of the protibia toward to middle. The protibia of the Mediterranean genus, Xylopertha Guérin- Méneville, 1845, has the same form as Infrantenna gen. nov., but it differs in the nine-segmented antenna, and the higher position of the antennal insertions. Based on either geographical distribution or morphological characters, Psicula is the most similar genus to Infrantenna gen. nov. Distribution Northern Thailand. Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4BEB3BB9-D678-4C4A-B25C-334872F069B9 Figs 1–4 Etymology The name ‘fissilis’ is from the Latin word for ‘cleft’ which refers to the deep clefts of the elytral declivity of the female. Type material Holotype THAILAND • ♂; Mueang District, Maehongson Province; 19°08.01′ N, 98°12.30′ E; 7 Mar. 2019; ex.  semi-dry twig of unknown Fagaceae L.; col. W. Sittichaya; NHMUK014433955. Allotype THAILAND • ♀; same collection data as for holotype; NHMUK014433956. Paratype Thailand • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; PMCSNHM. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4BEB3BB9-D678-4C4A-B25C-334872F069B9 LIU L.-Y. & SITTICHAYA W., The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini 49 G en us C ha ra ct er In fr an te nn a ge n. n ov . P si cu la L es ne , 1 94 1 X yl io n L es ne , 1 94 1 X yl ob os ca L es ne , 1 90 1 X yl ob la pt us L es ne , 1 90 1 X yl op er th a G ué ri n- M én ev ill e, 1 84 5 N o. o f a nt en na l s eg m en ts 10 9 10 10 10 10 A nt en na l f os sa in se rt io n B el ow fr on to -c ly pe al su tu re . A bo ve fr on to -c ly pe al su tu re . A bo ve fr on to -c ly pe al su tu re . O n  fr on to -c ly pe al  s ut ur e. A bo ve fr on to -c ly pe al su tu re . A bo ve fr on to -c ly pe al s ut ur e. L on g ha ir s on fr on s X D ir ec te d up w ar dl y X D ir ec te d up w ar dl y, lo ng to v er y lo ng in fe m al e, s ho rt o r a bs en t in m al e. L on g up w ar dl y at s id es , sh or t u pw ar d in m id dl e. D ir ec te d up w ar dl y P os te ri or a ng le s of pr on ot um W ith ou t l at er al c ar in a W ith ou t l at er al c ar in a W ith la te ra l c ar in a W ith ou t l at er al c ar in a W ith ou t l at er al c ar in a W ith ou t l at er al c ar in a P le ur al p ie ce s V X V V X V Sh ap e of d is c of e ly tr al de cl iv it y M al e: c on ca ve Fe m al e: c on ve x M al e: c on ca ve Fe m al e: c on ve x Sl ig ht ly c on ve x M al e: c on ca ve Fe m al e: c on ve x Sl ig ht ly , e ve nl y co nc av e M al e: w ea kl y to s tr on gl y co nc av e Fe m al e: c on ve x Sc ul pt ur e of a pi ca l m ar gi n of d ec liv it y M al e: w ith a s m al l V -s ha pe d em ar gi na tio n at a pe x. Fe m al e: a pe x of e ac h el yt ro n st ro ng ly em ar gi na te , em ar gi na tio n  fil le d  by  a   pa ir o f v en tr al ly - di re ct ed p ro ce ss es n ex t to s ut ur e. M al e: w ith ou t a n ap ic al em ar gi na tio n. Fe m al e: a pe x of e ac h el yt ro n st ro ng ly em ar gi na te , em ar gi na tio n  fil le d  by  a   pa ir o f v en tr al ly - di re ct ed p ro ce ss es n ex t to s ut ur e. B ot h se xe s w ith d ee p em ar gi na tio n at a pe x an d ri se d tip . M al e: n ot e m ar gi na te a t ap ex Fe m al e: e m ar gi na te . E nt ir e, ra is ed s lig ht ly a t ap ex . M al e: w ith a s m al l V -s ha pe d em ar gi na tio n at a pe x. Fe m al e: a pe x of e ac h el yt ro n st ro ng ly em ar gi na te . M od ifi ed v en tr it es o f f em al e ab do m en 5t h v en tr ite s tr on g em ar gi na te in m id dl e po st er io rl y. 5t h v en tr ite s tr on g em ar gi na te in m id dl e po st er io rl y. V ar io us ly  m od ifi ed   fr om 3 rd to 5 th ve nt ri te s, s tr on g em ar gi na tio n at po st er io r m ar gi n of 5t h v en tr ite 1s t  v en tr ite  e nl ar ge d;  4 th an d 5t h v en tr ite s em ar gi na te in m id dl e po st er io rl y;  4 th v en tr ite w ith a p ai r o f s pi ne s in so m e sp ec ie s. 5t h v en tr ite s tr on g em ar gi na te in m id dl e po st er io rl y. 5t h  v en tr ite  v ar io us ly  m od ifi ed . P ro ti bi a W id er a t a pe x th an in m id dl e, e xt er na l f ac e br oa dl y gr oo ve d. W id es t c lo se to a pe x, ex te rn al  fa ce  fl at te ne d. W id es t a t a pe x, ex te rn al fa ce m or e or le ss  fl  a tte ne d W id es t t ow ar ds m id dl e, w ith ou t a  fl at  e xt er na l  fa ce W id es t t ow ar ds m id dl e, w ith ou t a  fl at  e xt er na l  fa ce W id es t a t a pe x, g ro ov ed o n ex te rn al fa ce G eo gr ap hi ca l d is tr ib ut io n N or th er n T ha ila nd In di a an d T ha ila nd A fr ic a A us tr al ia U SA a nd M ex ic o M ed ite rr an ea n Ta bl e 1. C om pa ri so n of c ha ra ct er s of In fr an te nn a  ge n.  n ov . w ith  s el ec te d  ge ne ra  o f X yl op er th in i L es ne , 1 92 1. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 50 Description Male (Figs 1–2) meaSurementS. 3.3–3.6 mm long, about 2.6–3.0 × as long as wide. coloration. Head, pronotum, pro- and mesotibiae and tarsi, ventral side reddish brown, labrum, antennae, elytral disc, pro- and mesofemora and whole hind legs brown, pronotum and elytra gradually becoming darker brown anteriorly and posteriorly respectively, elytral declivity dark brown. Head. Mandibles dark, stout, apex strongly pointed, inner margin sharp. Labrum trapezoid, narrowed towards base, fringe of dense, short, golden hairs along anterior margin, and fringe of long, yellowish hairs along anterior and lateral margins (Fig. 1A). Clypeus transverse, finely punctured, anterior margin  emarginated in middle to cover base of labrum and pair of small, broadly rounded teeth on either side. Fronto-clypeal suture dark, attenuated laterally, with median fovea (Fig. 1A). Frons rugulose with sparse, fine punctures, each puncture with short, white hair; one long upwardly-directed hair close  to intero-lateral margin of eye, triangular shining area on lower middle part, and triangular area with reticulations on upper part above shining area (Fig. 1A), upper part with row of small punctures between each two rugosities. Vertex with sparse small punctures, longitudinal rugosities slightly angled toward midline arranged along whole vertex (Fig. 1A). Eyes large, strongly detached from cheeks posteriorly (Fig. 1A). Antennal fossa inserted next to lower intero-lateral margin of eyes below fronto-clypeal suture (Fig. 1B). Antennae 10-segmented, 1st and 2nd antennomeres subequal in length, 3–7 antennomeres together subequal to first club antennomere and shorter than last club antennomere in length, first and  second club antennomeres subtriangular and subquadrate, wider than long, with small, visible C-shaped areas of dense sensillae close to middle part of anterior margin, last club antennomere more elongate, and longer than penultimate antennomeres, sensory areas indistinct patches at one-third of length from apex (Fig. 1C). Pronotum. 1.1–1.2 × as wide as long, widest at base, antero-lateral angles with small, strongly upcurved tooth, semicircular area above anterior margin with transverse rugosities; sides of pronotum broadly  rounded, converging more strongly anteriorly, posterior angles broadly rounded (Fig. 2A), without lateral carina (Fig. 2B), postero-lateral area with fine rugosities (Fig. 2C); anterior slope coarse with  4 large upcurved teeth antero-laterally on each side, 2–3 teeth next to antero-lateral upcurved teeth small, remaining teeth gradually reduced in size towards summit, and arranged approximately in arcs (Fig. 2A–C); discal surface shining with sparse punctures, sparser toward posterior angles, postero- lateral areas with small, slightly elongate rugulosities and series of granuloistes along posterior angles (Fig. 2B–C). Anterior slope with short, semi-erect hairs between teeth, recumbent hairs on sides. Scutellum. Small, tongue-shaped, with very sparse punctuation. elytra. 1.8–2 × as long as wide, parallel-sided, shining, disc and sides rugulose with small punctures, bearing minute hairs; epipleuron narrow, elongated triangular; declivity concave, puncturation larger  than on disc, but becoming smaller and shallower toward apex with triangular, nearly glabrous area at apex, sutural margin raised, more strongly in apical three-quarters of declivity (Fig. 2D), declivital margins forming distinct rim at sides and apex, infero-lateral epipleuron distinct gradually narrowing to sutural apex to form carina which runs into apical margin (Fig. 2C, E); margin slightly upwardly raised  at sutural apex and with tiny V-shaped emargination at apex of declivity (Fig. 2D). legS. Protibiae expanded from base to apex, broadly, shallowly grooved on external face (Fig. 2A–B). Protarsi with long hairs underneath. Second and third segments of tarsi subequal in length and shorter than last segment. LIU L.-Y. & SITTICHAYA W., The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini 51 aBdomen. Abdominal ventrites finely, moderately densely punctured, punctures with moderately long,  whitish hairs; last ventrite with pleural pieces, posterior margin slightly concave with fringe of dense,  short, yellowish hairs and fringe of very long, golden hairs along posterior margin (Fig. 2C). Female (Figs 3–4) meaSurementS. 4–4.5 mm long, about 3 × as long as wide. Generally similar to male, but pronotum 1–1.1 × as wide as long and elytra 2–2.2 × as long as wide. elytra. Discal punctures become larger posteriorly, declivity convex, with deeper and larger punctures (Fig. 3A, D), piceous and darker on raised sutural margin and latero-apical margin (Fig. 3A, C–D);  infero-lateral epipleuron distinct and abruptly cut into semi-circular emargination from middle to apex with only posterior margin continuing to apex (Fig. 3B–C); elytra with two narrow fissure-like  emarginations extending from close to apex about two-thirds of height of declivity, separating a narrow inner, leglike, grooved process from the outer part of declivity (Fig. 3D), each process minutely and sparsely punctured, with sinuate lateral margin, constricted before apex and then slightly raised to form spoon-like apex; inner margin of outer part of declivity thickened, inner area abruptly, strongly raised,  gradually sloping downward towards apex, forming an arc (Fig. 3A, C–D). aBdomen. Last abdominal ventrite strongly curved upwards at sides to form triangular profile (Fig. 4B),  ventrally with deep, broad emargination in one-third of middle part forming trapezoidal arc with pair of strongly sclerotised protrusions on sides, margin of trapezoidal arc and protrusion sclerotised, thickened (Fig. 4A–C), and sinuate with a pair of tubercles in middle, and pointed, slightly upwardly curved hook on inner side of protrusion, and postero-dorsal upwardly curved hook on postero-lateral angle on both sides (Fig. 4A, C), fringe of long, golden hairs along inner margin of trapezoidal arc and external side of sclerotised, thickened margin of protrusion (Fig. 4A–C). Abdominal 5th tergite convex with transverse prominence in middle third, two oval pads of very dense, short, white hairs on apical half behind prominence ventrally (Fig. 4A, C). Fig. 1. Head of Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov., ♂ , holotype (NHMUK014433955). A. Frontal view. B. Fronto-lateral view. C. Antennae. Not to scale. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 52 Biology As a member of the family Bostrichidae, the species is likely to be polyphagous. The junior author extracted the specimens from a semi-dry twig of an unknown species of Fagaceae L. We suggest that the hind legs could move vertically in the clefts to clean wood frass. The strongly developed last abdominal ventrite and tergite of the female may help to hold the male genitalia during mating and support the ovipositor  during  oviposition.  Observations  of  mating  and  oviposition  behaviours  are  necessary  to  confirm this hypothesis. Distribution Northern Thailand. Key to the Oriental genera of Xyloperthini Lesne, 1921 (see also Table 2) 1. Antennae with 10 segments .............................................................................................................. 6 – Antennae with less than 10 segments ............................................................................................... 2 2. Antennae with 8 segments ................................................................................................................ 3 – Antennae with 9 segments ................................................................................................................ 4 3.  Antennae distinctly shorter than pronotum. Funicle subequal in length to first antennomere of club.  Last antennomere with two distinct circular, sensory impressions. Elytral declivity with a large spine on each elytron. Female with unmodified third ventrite. Male without pleural pieces of last  abdominal ventrite ......................................................................................Octodesmus Lesne, 1901 –  Antennae distinctly longer than pronotum. Funicle much shorter in length than first antennomere of  club. Last antennomere without sensory impressions. Elytra with more than one costa, lacking spines on declivity. Female with third ventrite thickened and modified, overlapping and concealing fourth  ventrite. Male with pleural pieces of last abdominal ventrite ....... Octomeristes Liu & Beaver, 2016 Fig. 2. Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov., ♂ , holotype (NHMUK014433955). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Declivity. E. False epipleuron. Scale bar = 1 mm. LIU L.-Y. & SITTICHAYA W., The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini 53 Fig. 3. Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov., ♀, allotype (NHMUK014433956). A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Lateral view. D. Declivity. Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 4. Apical posterior of female of Infrantenna gen. nov. and Psicula Lesne 1941. A–C. Infrantenna fissilis gen. et sp. nov., allotype (NHMUK014433956). A. 2nd to 5th visible abdominal ventrites and apical part of last tergite with two very dense, short hairy oval pads on apex. B. Ventral view of last two ventrites. C. Apical-lateral view of last ventrite and declivity. D. Psicula heterogama Lesne 1941, ventral view of last two visible abdominal ventrites. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 54 4. Antennal club segments without clear sensory areas. Pronotum with lateral carinae and postero- lateral angles pointed .............................. Xylopsocus Lesne, 1901(capucinus, intermedius, radula) – Antennal club segments with clearly visible sensory areas. Pronotum without lateral carinae and postero-lateral angles rounded .......................................................................................................... 5 5. Dense sensory hairs along anterior margin of 1st and 2nd antennomeres of club. Frons without long erect hairs. Declivital disc flattened. External face of protibia grooved. Male with pleural pieces of  last abdominal ventrite .................................................................................Xylophorus Lesne, 1906 – Antennal club segments without distinct impressions, only areas with denser pores. Frons with long erect hairs. Declivital disc concave in male and convex in female. External face of protibia flattened.  Male without pleural pieces of last abdominal ventrite ......................................Psicula Lesne, 1941 6. Antennal club segments without clear sensory areas. Pronotum with lateral carinae and postero- lateral angles pointed ........................................................................................................................ 7 – Antennal club segments with clearly visible sensory areas. Pronotum without lateral carinae and postero-lateral angles rounded .......................................................................................................... 8 7. Body 3.5–4 mm in length. Frons without long erect hairs. Male without pleural pieces of last abdominal ventrite ............................................................................. Xylopsocus Lesne, 1901 (part) – Body 6–7.5 mm in length. Frons with long erect hairs. Male with pleural pieces of last abdominal ventrite ...........................................................................................................Xylothrips Lesne, 1901 8. Frons with long erect hairs. Apical margin of declivity entire. Last abdominal ventrite of female without emargination ........................................................................................................................ 9 – Frons without long erect hairs. Apical margin of declivity emarginated. Last abdominal ventrite of female with emargination ............................................................................................................... 10 9.  Body 4.5–5 mm in length. Declivital disc flattened. Declivity obliquely sloping and without spines  on upper margin ........................................................................................... Paraxylion Lesne, 1941 – Body 6–8.5 mm in length. Declivital disc slightly convex. Declivity steep with three pairs of spines on upper margin ............................................................................................Xylodrypta Lesne, 1901 10. Sensory areas on antennal club segments indistinct. Declivital disc not sexually dimorphic. Male without pleural pieces of last abdominal ventrite ............................................................................11 – Sensory areas on antennal club segments distinct. Declivital disc sexually dimorphic. Male with pleural pieces of last abdominal ventrite ........................................................................................ 12 11. Body 2.2–3 mm in length. Antennal club segments without distinct impressions, only areas with denser pores. Declivital disc evenly concave. Protibia expanded from base to apex, external face convex. In female, 4th abdominal ventrite extended over 5th as a thin, leaflike, plate, convex ventrally;  the middle part of the 5th abdominal ventrite slightly emarginate .................Calonistes Lesne, 1936 – Body 3.5–6 mm in length. Antennal club segments with two indistinct areas of sensory hairs at anterior margin of 1st and 2nd antennomeres of club. Declivital disc slightly convex. Protibia expanded  from  base  to  apex,  external  face  flattened.  Abdominal  ventrites  not  sexually  dimorphic ...................................................................................................... Xylodectes Lesne, 1901 12. Antennal fossa inserted next to lower intero-lateral margin of eyes. Antennal club with two areas of concentration of sensory pores on 1st and 2nd antennomeres. Protibia expanded from base to apex with broadly, shallowly grooved external face. In male, upper margin of declivity without processes, a small V-shaped emargination at apex of declivity. In female, apex of each elytron LIU L.-Y. & SITTICHAYA W., The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini 55 strongly emarginate, emargination filled by a pair of ventrally-directed processes next to suture, 5th abdominal ventrite strongly emarginate in middle posteriorly ....................... Infrantenna gen. nov. – Antennal fossa inserted next to middle intero-lateral margin of eyes. Antennal club with dense sensory hairs along anterior margin on 1st and 2nd antennomeres. Protibia expanded from base to apex with broadly grooved external face. In male, upper margin of declivity with a pair of tiny teeth, entire apex. In female, declivity with a Y-shaped carina on lower half, apex entire with one pair of distinct tubercles at the apex, 5th abdominal ventrite broadly emarginate posteriorly ....Xylocis Lesne, 1901 Discussion Table 2 compares the characters of the twelve Oriental genera of Xyloperthini based on the senior  author’s observations of specimens (except for Xylophorus Lesne, 1906 for which specimens could not be examined, and the original description has been used). Among the twelve Oriental genera, there are  two genera with eight antennal segments, two genera and three species of Xylopsocus Lesne, 1901 with nine antennal segments, and the remainder have ten antennal segments. The sensory impressions on club segments are absent or indistinct in Calonistes Lesne, 1936, Psicula, Xylopsocus and Xylothrips Lesne, 1901. There are no long erect hairs on the frons in Calonistes Lesne, 1936, Octodesmus Lesne, 1901, Xylocis Lesne, 1901, Xylodectes Lesne, 1901, Xylophorus and Xylopsocus and only one long hair on each side near the eyes in Infrantenna gen. nov. Lateral carinae of pronotum are only present in Xylopsocus and Xylothrips. The pleural pieces of the last abdominal ventrite of male are absent in Calonistes, Octodesmus, Psicula, Xylodectes and Xylopsocus. These characters and differences in the sculpture of the elytral declivity, and modifications of the abdominal ventrites of the female shown in Table 2 permit  us to easily key out the twelve genera. Including the new genus, there are 36 genera in the tribe Xyloperthini, and the geographical distribution  of the tribe covers all zoogeographic regions except the Arctic-Siberian (Liu 2016). The faunal elements of the tribe Xyloperthini (Table 3) shows the largest number of genera occur in the Oriental region, and  nine genera are endemic to that region, but more species (about 82 species) occur in the African region. Twelve genera occur in the Oriental region, of which six are confined to India and the Indochinese  Peninsula, including Calonistes, Infrantenna gen. nov., Octodesmus, Octomeristes Liu & Beaver, 2016, Psicula and Xylodrypta Lesne, 1901. They include two genera (Infrantenna gen. nov. and Octomeristes) described in the last 6 years, implying that more research in the region may discover further genera, and that the Oriental region is likely to be a hotspot for the tribe Xyloperthini (Liu 2016).  Following a series of revisions of genera of the tribe Xyloperthini (Liu et al. 2016; Liu & Beaver 2017,  2021; Liu 2021a), this study added to the profile of the Oriental fauna, and provided baseline information  for a large further study project, which will revise the interesting tribe Xyloperthini. Acknowledgements We are most grateful to Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Thailand, for research permission in all conservation areas. Special thank also go to all staff of National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries for their facilitation in specimen collection. This research was supported by Thailand Research Fund (TRF), project number DBG–6180023. We appreciate the following curators who have allowed us access  to  the collections  in  their charge or who have sent specimens for  identification:  A. Taghavian (MNHN), M.V.L. Barclay and S. Shute (NHMUK). European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 56 G en us C ha ra ct er C al on is te s L es ne , 1 93 6 In fr an te nn a ge n. n ov . O ct od es m us L es ne , 1 90 1 O ct om er is te s L iu & B ea ve r, 2 01 6 P ar ax yl io n L es ne , 1 94 1 P si cu la L es ne , 1 94 1 N o. o f a nt en na l s eg m en ts 10 10 8 8 10 9 Se ns or y im pr es si on s on cl ub W ith ou t d is tin ct im pr es si on s, o nl y ar ea s w ith d en se r p or es . Tw o zo ne s of co nc en tr at io n of s en so ry po re s on 1 st a nd 2 nd an te nn om er es o f c lu b. D en se s en so ry h ai rs a lo ng an te ri or m ar gi n on 1 st a nd 2n d a nt en no m er es o f c lu b. D en se s en so ry h ai rs a lo ng a nt er io r m ar gi n on 1 st a nd 2 nd a nt en no m er es of c lu b. D en se s en so ry h ai rs al on g an te ri or m ar gi n on 1s t a nd 2 nd a nt en no m er es of c lu b. W ith ou t d is tin ct im pr es si on s, o nl y ar ea s w ith d en se r po re s. C ly pe us a rm ed o n si de s X X X X X X L on g ha ir s on fr on s X X X V V V L at er al c ar in ae o f pr on ot um X X X X X X P le ur al p ie ce s X V X V V X Sh ap e of d is c of e ly tr al de cl iv it y C on ca ve e ve nl y M al e: c on ca ve Fe m al e: c on ve x Sl ig ht ly c on ca ve W ee kl y co nv ex Fl at te n M al e: c on ca ve Fe m al e: c on ve x Sc ul pt ur e of a pi ca l m ar gi n of d ec liv it y E nt ir e, ra is ed s lig ht ly at a pe x. M al e: w ith a s m al l V -s ha pe d em ar gi na tio n at a pe x. Fe m al e: a pe x of e ac h el yt ro n st ro ng ly e m ar gi na te , em ar gi na tio n  fil le d  by a p ai r o f v en tr al ly - di re ct ed p ro ce ss es n ex t to s ut ur e. R is ed w ith a ti ny V -s ha pe d em ar gi na tio n. E m ar gi na te d E nt ir e M al e: w ith ou t a n ap ic al e m ar gi na tio n. Fe m al e: a pe x of e ac h el yt ro n st ro ng ly e m ar gi na te , em ar gi na tio n  fi  lle d  by a p ai r o f v en tr al ly - di re ct ed p ro ce ss es ne xt to s ut ur e. M od ifi ed v en tr it es o f fe m al e ab do m en 4t h v en tr ite e xt en de d ov er 5 th a s a th in , le afl ik e,  p la te ,  co nv ex v en tr al ly . T he m id dl e pa rt o f t he 5t h v en tr ite ,s lig ht ly em ar gi na te 5t h v en tr ite s tr on g em ar gi na te in m id dl e po st er io rl y. X 3r d v en tr ite p ro je ct in g ov er a nd co nc ea lin g fo ur th v en tr ite , i ts po st er io r m ar gi n w ith lo be s or te et h. X 5t h v en tr ite s tr on g em ar gi na te in m id dl e po st er io rl y. P ro ti bi a E xp an de d fr om b as e to a pe x, e xt er na l f ac e co nv ex . W id er a t a pe x th an in m id dl e, e xt er na l f ac e br oa dl y gr oo ve d. W id er a t a pe x th an in m id dl e, ex te rn al fa ce fla tte ne d. W id er a t a pe x th an in m id dl e, ex te rn al  fa ce  fl at te ne d. E xp an de d fr om b as e to a pe x, e xt er na l f ac e gr oo ve d. W id es t c lo se to a pe x, ex te rn al  fa ce  fl at te ne d. D is tr ib ut io n M al ay si a an d T ha ila nd N or th er n T ha ila nd In di a an d B ur m a In di a an d T ha ila nd In di a an d So ut he as t A si a In di a an d T ha ila nd Ta bl e 2 (c on tin ue d on n ex t p ag e) . C om pa ri so n  of  c ha ra ct er s  of  O ri en ta l g en er a  of  X yl op er th in i L es ne , 1 92 1. LIU L.-Y. & SITTICHAYA W., The Oriental genera of Xyloperthini 57 G en us C ha ra ct er X yl oc is L es ne , 1 90 1 X yl od ec te s L es ne , 1 90 1 (X . o rn at us L es ne , 18 97 )* X yl od ry pt a L es ne , 1 90 1 X yl op ho ro us L es ne , 1 90 6 (b as ed o n de sc ri pt io n by L en se ) X yl op so cu s L es ne , 1 90 1 (1 0/ 17 )* * X yl ot hr ip s L es ne , 1 90 1 (X . fl av ip es (I lli ge r, 18 01 )) * N o. o f a nt en na l s eg m en ts 10 10 10 9 9/ 10 10 Se ns or y im pr es si on s on c lu b D en se s en so ry ha ir s al on g an te ri or m ar gi n on 1 st a nd 2 nd an te nn om er es o f c lu b In di st in ct tw o zo ne s of se ns or y ha ir s at a nt er io r m ar gi n on 1 st a nd 2 nd an te nn om er es o f c lu b D en se s en so ry h ai rs al on g an te ri or m ar gi n on 1s t a nd 2 nd a nt en no m er es of c lu b D en se s en so ry h ai rs al on g an te ri or m ar gi n on 1s t a nd 2 nd a nt en no m er es of c lu b In di st in ct X C ly pe us a rm ed o n si de s X X V X V V L on g ha ir s on fr on s X X V X X V L at er al c ar in ae o f p ro no tu m X X X X V V P le ur al p ie ce s V X V V X V Sh ap e of d is c of e ly tr al d ec liv it y M al e: c on ca ve ev en ly Fe m al e: c on ve x S lig ht ly c on ve x Sl ig ht ly c on ve x Fl at te n Fl at te n / S lig ht ly c on ve x Sl ig ht ly c on ve x Sc ul pt ur e of a pi ca l m ar gi n of de cl iv it y M al e: e nt ir e w ith o ne pa ir o f t in y tip s at up pe r m ar gi n. Fe m al e: e nt ir e w ith on e pa ir o f d is tin ct tu be rc le a t t he a pe x. E nt ir e w ith ti ny v -s ha pe d em ar gi na tio n at a pe x. E nt ir e E nt ir e. E nt ir e w ith s lig ht ly ri se d ap ex . E nt ir e w ith ti ny v -s ha pe d em ar gi na tio n at a pe x. M od ifi ed ve nt ri te s of fe m al e ab do m en 5t h v en tr ite b ro ad ly em ar gi na te po st er io rl y X X (c an ’t e xa m in ed ) X C on ve x in m id dl e of po st er io r m ar gi n P ro ti bi a E xp an de d fr om b as e to a pe x, e xt er na l f ac e fla tte n E xp an de d fr om b as e to a pe x, e xt er na l f ac e fla tte n E xp an de d fr om b as e to a pe x, e xt er na l f ac e w ea kl y co nv ex E xp an de d fr om b as e to a pe x, e xt er na l f ac e gr oo ve d E xp an de d fr om b as e to ap ex , e xt er na l f ac e w ea kl y gr oo ve d E xp an de d fr om b as e to ap ex , e xt er na l f ac e gr oo ve d D is tr ib ut io n In di a, S ri L an ka , L ao s, H on g K on g, Ta iw an Ta iw an , P hi lip pi ne s, In do ne si a, V ie tn am , L ao s, In di a In di a an d T ha ila nd Sr i L an ka So ut he as t A si a So ut he as t A si a Ta bl e 2 (c on tin ue d) . European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 58 References Beaver R.A., Sittichaya W. & Liu L.Y. 2011. 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Zootaxa 5091 (4): 501–545. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5091.4.1 https://esa.confex.com/esa/ice2016/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/110145 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.746.1325 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5081.3.5 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.380 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2016.189 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5005.2.9 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00662.x https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2015.10.015 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5091.4.1 European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 45–60 (2022) 60 Manuscript received: 10 Feb. 2022 Manuscript accepted: 27 May 2022 Published on: 7 July 2022 Topic editor: Tony Robillard Section editor: Max Barclay Desk editor: Eva-Maria Levermann Printed versions of all papers are also deposited in the libraries of the institutes that are members of the EJT  consortium:  Muséum  national  d’histoire  naturelle,  Paris,  France;  Meise  Botanic  Garden,  Belgium; Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural  Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark; Naturalis  Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid,  Spain; Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid CSIC, Spain; Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig,  Bonn, Germany; National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.