id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
bam-10420	Mosole, Simone; Rossini, Katia; Kern, Helmut; Löfler, Stefan; Fruhmann, Hannah; Vogelauer, Michael; Burggraf, Samantha; Grim-Stieger, Martina ; Cvečka, Ján; Hamar, Dušan; Sedliak, Milan; Šarabon, Nejc; Pond, Amber; Biral, Donatella; Carraro, Ugo; Zampieri, Sandra	Reinnervation of Vastus lateralis is increased significantly in seniors (70-years old) with a lifelong history of high-level exercise (2013, revisited here in 2022)	2022	7	.pdf	application/pdf	4508	216	55	Further evidence supporting rounds of denervation and reinnervation is based on the observation that in young humans, fiber types appear randomly distributed across the muscle but become increasingly clustered or grouped together with age.5 Therefore, it has been proposed that apoptosis of motoneurons in the spinal cord (with subsequent incomplete reinnervation of Increased reinnervation in aging by longlife high level exercise Eur J Transl Myol 32 (1): 10420, 2022 doi: 10.4081/ejtm.2022.10420 - 2 - fibers by surviving motoneurons) contributes to the loss of muscle strength and mass that occurs with age.6 All of these processes are accompanied by a progressive increase in slow muscle fibers, although the literature provides some contradictions (see a recent review).7 Some of this discrepancy has been dispelled by comparisons of muscle from active and immobile patients: the immobile elderly have a shift toward fast isoform expression, as is common in “unloaded” muscle (e.g., during spaceflight or limb immobilization), whereas muscle wasting is accompanied by a shift toward a fast twitch phenotype.8 In 2013 we presented results showing that at the histological level lifelong increased physical activity promotes reinnervation of muscle fibers in aging muscles.	cache/bam-10420.pdf	txt/bam-10420.txt