id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
expositions-685	none	Donner, Fred M. Muhammad and the Believers: At the Origins of Islam. Cambridge, Mass. and London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2010. 280 pp, hb $25.95, ISBN: 978-0-674-05097-6.	2011	16	.pdf	application/pdf	8218	257	49	What sets Donner’s approach apart, however, is that early Islam was a religious phenomenon and that the actors who made early Islamic history were driven by religious motivations: “It is my conviction that Islam began as a religious movement – not as a social, economic, or ‘national’ one; in particular, it embodied an intense concern for attaining personal salvation through righteous behavior. Muhammad and the Believers 128 This conviction that religion, and not something else, lies at the heart of early Islamic history is a constant factor throughout MB.	cache/expositions-685.pdf	txt/expositions-685.txt