# bib

id: fpq-16602
author: Bierria, Alisa
title: Being Time
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4108
sentence: 212
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-16602.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-16602.txt
summary:
  In this discussion, I consider the problem of time, unstable subjectivity, and agency in the context of prison economies and the contradictions within the self-making and self-advocacy incarcerated people sometimes engage to navigate the possibility of freedom. Instead, new prisons largely increase opportunities for those outside the town who are already plugged into the statewide prison employment network.


id: fpq-16598
author: Rodier, Kristin
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4345
sentence: 181
flesch: 41
cache: cache/fpq-16598.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-16598.txt
title:
  Telling Feminist Philosophy Stories: Introduction to the FPQ Symposium on Cressida Heyes’s _Anaesthetics of Existence: Essays on Experience at the Edge_

summary:
  Keywords: Clare Hemmings, feminist philosophy, Cressida Heyes, feminist agency, resistance, embodiment, feminist storytelling “My interest in suffering is perhaps indicative of my unease with feminism-as- martyrdom and my (unfulfillable) desire to challenge authority and break free of docility in the name of a kind of liberation that I am ostensibly arguing against. My introduction takes the example of this symposium as a provocation to reflect on feminist philosophical practices, considering specifically framing, storytelling, and intellectual inheritances.


id: fpq-16600
author: Burke, Megan
title: Life at the Edge: Punctuated Time and Time Poverty
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5059
sentence: 241
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-16600.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-16600.txt
summary:
  Accordingly, this paper suggests that the particular experience of punctuated time endured by individuals who are unhoused can be understood as a violent interruption of subjectivity that pushes them to the edge of lived time. My reading traces Heyes’s initial insights on sleep in order to develop a preliminary account of punctuated time—a form of time poverty that is particularly acute for those who must sleep outside.


id: fpq-3017
author: Kittay, Eva F
title: Two Dogmas of Moral Theory? Comments on Lisa Tessman’s Moral Failure
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5700
sentence: 245
flesch: 61
cache: cache/fpq-3017.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3017.txt
summary:
  Comments on Lisa Tessman’s Moral Failure Eva Feder Kittay Abstract In Moral Failure, Lisa Tessman argues against two principles of moral theory, that ought implies can and that normative theory must be action-guiding. Although Tessman provides a trenchant account of how we are thrust into the misfortune of moral failure, often by our very efforts to act morally, and although she shows, through a discussion well-informed by the latest theorizing in ethics, neuroethics, and psychology, how much more moral theory can do than provide action-guiding principles, I argue that the two theses of moral theory that she disputes remain indispensable for ethical theory.


id: fpq-2993
author: Clough, Sharyn
title: Fact/Value Holism, Feminist Philosophy, and Nazi Cancer Research
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 13
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5330
sentence: 223
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-2993.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2993.txt
summary:
  Empirical beliefs in evaluative contexts include value claims that are well-supported empirically, like (many) feminist claims, as well as those values poorly-supported empirically, like all sexist claims. [2015], Iss. 1, Art. 7 http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fpq/vol1/iss1/7 DOI: 10.5206/fpq/2015.1.7 politics, feminist moral and political beliefs are informed by the best empirical evidence we have, and where relevant, adding strongly supported empirical beliefs to any given science project can only make that project better.


id: fpq-2987
author: Porter, Lindsey
title: Gestation and Parental Rights: Why is Good Enough Good Enough?
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 28
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1504
sentence: 132
flesch: -411
cache: cache/fpq-2987.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2987.txt
summary:
  (( 13 Porter: Gestation and Parental Rights Published by Scholarship@Western, 2015 parent(arises,(still(no(right(to(parent(this(baby(would(arise.17(So,(it(seems(that( Gheaus’s(account(can(accommodate(the(intuition(that(gestational(surrogates(do( not(have(parental(rights(over(the(fetuses/infants(they(gestate,(since(the(cost(of( the(pregnancy(to(them(is(presumably(less(than(that(for(the(parental(gestator;(the( costs(can(be(compensated;(and(the(surrogate(does(not((or(may(not)(bond(with( the(infant(in(the(way(that(the(intending(mother(would(do.18( ( NonDGestational)Parents)(Parental)Parity)) The(third(initial(worry(one(might(have(about(Gheaus’s(account(is(that(it(is,( quite(obviously,(betterGsuited(to(grounding(the(rights(of(mothers(than(those(of( fathers.((And(indeed,(it(is(less(wellGsuited(to(grounding(the(rights(of(nonG gestational(parents,(full(stop.19)(If(the(labour(and(bonding(that(take(place(in(the( 17(One(might(recall(that(Gheaus(thinks(that(both(the(gestator’s(attachment(to( the(fetus(and(the(fetus’s(attachment(to(the(gestator(are(salient.(If(this(is(right,(we( might(still(worry(about(surrogacy.(However,(I(take(it(that(the(fetus’s(attachment(is,( in(some(sense,(incidental(to(the(parental(right.(That(is,(it(is(the(parent’s(attachment( that(matters(to(parental(rights.(The(fetus’s(attachment(is,(with(respect(to(parental( rights,(merely(a(happy(bonus.(( 18(Gheaus(briefly(discusses(surrogacy,(writing(that(‘If(having(borne(a(baby(is(a( ground(for(a(right(to(keep(that(baby,(the(important(question(for(surrogacy(is( whether(this(right(is(alienable(and(under(what(conditions.(Is(it(possible(to(wave( one’s(right(to(keep(one’s(birth(baby(before(one(knows(exactly(what(burdens(the( pregnancy(will(entail,(and(what(kind(of(relationship(one(will(establish(with(the(new( born?(In(other(words,(can(a(surrogacy(contract(preGempt(the(rights(of(the(gestating( mother(or(couple?(I(remain,(in(this(article,(agnostic(about(this’((454).(But(this,(of( course,(is(the(same(sort(of(question(that(arises(with(preGarranged(adoptions((though( of(course,(most(Western(nations(now(have(laws(that(preclude(the(enforcement(of( adoption(contracts(where(the(birth(mother(has(changed(her(mind);(in(thinking(about( surrogacy(this(way,(Gheaus(is(just(imagining(surrogacy(as(a(sort(of(adoption.(But(I(do( not(think(there(is(anything(about(Gheaus’s(basic(account(that(commits(us(to( accepting(an(adoption(account(of(surrogacy.(( 19(I(am(hesitant(about(how(I(ought(to(handle(the(heteronormativity(of(this( objection(as(it(usually(occurs(in(the(literature.(On(the(one(hand,(heteronormativity( seems(a(bad(sort(of(normativity(to(perpetuate.(On(the(other(hand,(it(is(only(within( the(context(of(a(biological(account(of(parental(rights(that(the(worry(over(parity( arises(in(a(truly(pernicious(form:(it(is(only(when(our(goal(is(to(secure(the(rights(of( biological(parents(that(the(Parity(Principle(becomes(a(sticking(point.(An(alternate( strategy(for(giving(an(account(that(attributes(rights(to(nonGgestational(parents(is(to( simply(claim(that,(for(want(of(a(better(way(to(put(it,(biology(isn’t(where(it’s(at.(My( 14 Feminist Philosophy Quarterly, Vol. 1 Article 5. doi:10.5206/fpq/2015.1.5. Gestation)and)Parental)Rights:)Why)is)Good)Enough)Good)Enough?1) Lindsey(Porter( ( ( ( Abstract) In(this(paper(I(explore(the(question(of(whether(gestation(can(ground( parental(rights.(I(consider(Anca(Gheaus’s((2012)(claim(that(the(labour(and(bonding( of(gestation(give(one(the(right(to(parent(one’s(biological(child.(I(argue(that,(while( Gheaus’s(gestational(account(of(parental(rights(is(the(most(successful(of(such( accounts(in(the(literature,(it(is(ultimately(unsuccessful,(because(the(concept( ‘maternalGfetal(bonding’(does(not(stand(up(to(scrutiny.(Gheaus(argues(that(the( labour(expended(in(gestation(generates(parental(rights.(This(is(a(standard,(Lockean( sort(of(a(move(in(parental(ethics—it(usually(relies(on(the(claim(that(I(have( proprietary(rights(over(the(products(of(my(labour.(However,(Gheaus(argues(that(a( standard(labour(account(of(parental(rights(could(not(generate(parental(rights(over( one’s(own(birth(child(via(gestation(without(ownership,(since(the(labour(would( merely(afford(one(a(right(to(enjoy(the(goods(of(parenthood.(At(best,(then,(labour( alone(would(generate(a(right(to(a(child.((But,(Gheaus(argues,(not(only(do( gestational(mothers(expend(labour(in(the(course(of(the(pregnancy;(they(also( develop(emotional(ties(to(the(fetus.(They(‘bond’(with(it.(This,(Gheaus(argues,( coupled(with(labour,(gives(the(birth(mother(parental(rights(over(her(birth(child.( Fathers,(on(her(account,(acquire(rights(over(their(birth(child(by(contributing( labour—in(the(form(of(antenatal(support—during(the(course(of(the(pregnancy.(I( argue(that(because(‘bonding’(is(not(an(appropriately(morally(salient(phenomenon,( Gheaus’s(account(does(not(work(unless(it(relies(on(a(proprietary(claim,(and(this(is( prima(facie(reason(to(reject(the(account.(Further,(the(fact(that(it(only(confers( parental(rights(on(fathers(by(proxy(also(gives(us(reason(to(reject(the(account.(I( then(offer(a(brief(sketch(of(a(more(promising,(positive(account(of(parental(rights.( ( Keywords:(gestation,(rights,(parenthood,(gender( 1(I(would(like(to(thank(Alex(Barber(and(Timothy(Fowler;(participants(in(the( 2014(joint(meeting(of(the(Canadian(Society(for(Women(in(Philosophy((CSWIP)(and( the(Association(for(Feminist(Epistemologies,(Methodologies,(Metaphysics(and( Science(Studies((FEMMSS)(in(Waterloo,(Ontario;(members(of(the(School(of(Politics,( International(Studies,(and(Philosophy(at(Queen's(University,(Belfast;(and(seminar( participants(at(the(Institut(Éthique(Histoire(Humanités(et(Centre(interfacultaire(en( bioéthique(et(sciences(humaines(en(médecine,(Centre(Médical(Universitaire(in( Geneva(for(helpful(discussion(and(feedback.( 1 Porter: Gestation and Parental Rights Published by Scholarship@Western, 2015 Introduction) In(Western(law,(it(is(common(to(take(the(gestational(mother—that(is,(the( woman(who(carries(the(pregnancy—to(be(the(rightful(mother(of(the(child(in(the( first(instance.(Why(it(is(true(historically(is(no(big(mystery:(gestation(was(easily( proved,(where(genetic(relatedness(was(not.(Why(it(is(still(true(today(stands(in( need(of(explanation.2(( In(this(paper,(I(will(explore(the(question(of(whether(it(ought(to(be:(whether( gestation(generates(a(moral(right(to(parent(that(should(be(codified(in(law.(I(will( do(this(by(examining(the(viability(of(what(I(take(to(be(the(most(successful( gestational(account(of(parental(rights(on(offer:(Anca(Gheaus’s(gestational( account((2012).


id: fpq-3005
author: Lehan, Vanessa
title: Reducing Stereotype Threat in First-Year Logic Classes
date: 2015-11-23
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5851
sentence: 307
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3005.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3005.txt
summary:
  We can reduce stereotype threat in introduction to logic classes by making sure that, when we introduce role models for our students, we concentrate less on “genius” and “innate talent” and more on the time and hard work that goes into mathematical and logical discoveries. Reducing Stereotype Threat in First-Year Logic Classes Vanessa Lehan Abstract I examine successful strategies to diminish or eliminate stereotype threat in mathematics.


id: fpq-13713
author: Bayruns García, Eric
title: Racial Injustice and Information Flow
date: 2021-12-06
pages: 19
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7731
sentence: 407
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-13713.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13713.txt
summary:
  Greco calls this the norm of information distribution. Here, the metaphysicians violate the norm of information distribution because they should believe the political philosophers in virtue of their say-so at least partly because they belong to the same community.


id: fpq-13639
author: Lee, J. Y.
title: Normative competence, autonomy, and oppression
date: 2022-03-04
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8117
sentence: 334
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-13639.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13639.txt
summary:
  While Jenkins’s discussion of ontic injustice does not directly reference autonomy, it is clear that it implicates individual agency, given the connection between being a member of a certain social kind and the attendant constraints and enablements that attach to certain social kinds. What the normative competence paradigm misses out on, then, is the variability of social standing between the MM and CR.


id: fpq-3023
author: Tessman, Lisa
title: Moral Failure — Response to Critics
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 19
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8854
sentence: 347
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3023.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3023.txt
summary:
  Keywords: moral failure, nonideal theory, moral psychology, constructivism, moral demandingness In Moral Failure: On the Impossible Demands of Morality (2015), I argue that there can be situations of unavoidable moral failure, or, put differently, that there can be impossible moral requirements, moral requirements that contravene the principle that “ought implies can.” We apprehend impossible moral requirements intuitively, when we grasp both that “I must” and “I can’t.”


id: fpq-2975
author: Code, Lorraine
title: Care, Concern, and Advocacy: Is There a Place for Epistemic Responsibility?
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8986
sentence: 380
flesch: 42
cache: cache/fpq-2975.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2975.txt
summary:
  Whether advocacy practices participate in making knowledge possible or in contesting its claims, or whether they are denied epistemic respectability, it matters who the advocates are, what credentials and justifications they supply for advocating as they do, and how their trustworthiness is established or gainsaid in deliberative processes. She assembles scientific evidence with care and with a purpose: as an illustration of the kinds of advocacy practice my analysis applauds, hers is an over-arching, transparently caring and committed, profoundly intelligent project.


id: fpq-3029
author: Emerick, Barrett
title: Love and Resistance: Moral Solidarity in the Face of Perceptual Failure
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10402
sentence: 443
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-3029.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3029.txt
summary:
  I argue that loving others means meeting them where they are and working to understand the role that oppressive ideologies, coupled with cognitive biases, play in generating and entrenching their problematic mental states. Loving Others and Helping Them to Grow Loving others involves not accepting them as they are and saying that they never need to change8; that is anathema to Baldwin’s claim, and as I have argued, avoids creating the epistemic and affective friction necessary for them to grow.


id: fpq-14303
author: Amy McKiernan
title: Blaming from Inside the Birdcage: Strawsonian Accounts of Blame and Feminist Care Ethics
date: 2022-03-04
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9931
sentence: 394
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-14303.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14303.txt
summary:
  Keywords: moral blame, Strawson, reactive attitudes, feminist care ethics, oppression In Blame: Its Nature and Norms, D. Justin Coates and Neal Tognazzini deem “Freedom and Resentment,” by P. F. Strawson, “the founding document of contemporary work on blame” (2013, 5). Her research interests include moral blame, feminist care ethics, and topics in practical ethics, biomedical ethics, and philosophy of emotion.


id: fpq-2999
author: Almassi, Ben
date: 2015-11-23
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9651
sentence: 515
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-2999.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2999.txt
title:
  Feminist Reclamations of Normative Masculinity: On Democratic Manhood, Feminist Masculinity, and Allyship Practices

summary:
  So understood, feminist masculinity involves something akin to the awareness Alcoff describes—in this case, involving feminist men acknowledging how men benefit from and are complicit in gender oppression, while celebrating the contributions to undoing oppression that men make and have made.10 I make no claim of masculine double consciousness, however, as I would not mean to suggest something comparable to what Du Bois (2007) describes as the pervasive lived experience of oppressed peoples. Neither proposal provides a viable stance for feminist men without collapsing into androgyny or risking erasure of some men’s and women’s identities and experiences.


id: fpq-16599
author: Heyes, Cressida J.
title: Heyes’s Introduction to _Anaesthetics of Existence: Essays on Experience on the Edge_
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2021
sentence: 76
flesch: 43
cache: cache/fpq-16599.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-16599.txt
summary:
  Because it was about self-transformation and technologies of the self, it oriented my attention toward lived experience, which I quickly realized I could describe fluently enough using the everyday language of first- personal narrative, even while I lacked a richer philosophical vocabulary to give structure and meaning to those stories. I spent several years after that second book trying to teach myself phenomenology—an arduous and fraught process that was really only possible because of the brilliant contributions of critical phenomenologists such as Alia Al-Saji, Lisa Guenther, and Gayle Salamon, who showed how politics and ethics could be woven through rigorous accounts of lived experience.


id: fpq-10646
author: Stockdale, Katie
title: Hope, Solidarity, and Justice
date: 2021-06-01
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10599
sentence: 549
flesch: 61
cache: cache/fpq-10646.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10646.txt
summary:
  But the affective character of collective hope episodes—how, exactly, collective hope is experienced—is different. This article defends an account of collective hope that arises through solidarity in the pursuit of justice.


id: fpq-2981
author: Pohlhaus, Gaile
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10783
sentence: 456
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-2981.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2981.txt
title:
  Different Voices, Perfect Storms, and Asking Grandma What She Thinks: Situating Experimental Philosophy in Relation to Feminist Philosophy

summary:
  Had I known more about experimental philosophy at the time I would have understood how and why differences in philosophical intuitions matter to experimental philosophers. 20 Nonetheless, it is on this basis that they suggest that philosophical education should not rely so heavily on philosophical intuitions and thought experiments (338), thereby forwarding the agenda of the negative approach to experimental philosophy to turn to strictly empirical methods for investigating philosophical questions.


id: fpq-14865
author: Horden, John; López de Sa, Dan
title: Gender Essentialisms
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11095
sentence: 546
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-14865.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14865.txt
summary:
  Consider for example the following passage, on why she takes social individuals to be numerically distinct from persons: Social individuals are essentially relational beings and their existence is dependent upon the existence of social reality. Article 2. 2023 Gender Essentialisms John Horden Complutense University of Madrid hordenjohn@gmail.com Dan López de Sa University of Barcelona dlopezdesa@gmail.com Horden and López de Sa – Gender Essentialisms Published by Scholarship@Western, 2023 1 Gender Essentialisms John Horden and Dan López de Sa Abstract Charlotte Witt has argued that gender is essential to women and men, in a way that unifies them as social individuals but precludes each of them from being identified with the corresponding person or human organism.


id: fpq-10230
author: McMullen, Amanda
title: What Am I, a Piece of Meat? Synecdochical Utterances Targeting Women
date: 2021-03-01
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11098
sentence: 661
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-10230.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10230.txt
summary:
  I propound a theory of what SUTW speakers do in undertaking an SUTW on which the SUTW speaker prompts the hearer to engage in a certain derogatory pattern of associational thinking—that is, taking a “perspective” in Elisabeth Camp’s sense—on the female subject. Apart from constituting a genuinely synecdochical utterance, there is another condition for an utterance to be an SUTW: (b) a constraint on the type of bodily part.


id: fpq-10850
author: Shotwell, Alexis
title: Flourishing Is Mutual: Relational Ontologies, Mutual Aid, and Eating
date: 2021-09-01
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11234
sentence: 487
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-10850.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10850.txt
summary:
  So, we see regressive people deeply committed to healthism, individualism, and eugenics disavowing their disabilities through promoting eating practices that are in fact supports for living disabled lives. So my thinking about settler food practices is helped by thinking with people like Robinson about what it would mean to be a settler in better relation with histories of Mi’kma’ki and Mi’kmaq peoples, even as I now live in unceded Algonquin land.


id: fpq-14239
author: Anderson, Ellie
title: A Phenomenological Approach to Sexual Consent
date: 2022-07-20
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11251
sentence: 616
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-14239.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14239.txt
summary:
  Anderson – A Phenomenological Approach to Sexual Consent Published by Scholarship@Western, 2022 1 A Phenomenological Approach to Sexual Consent Ellie Anderson Abstract Rather than as a giving of permission to someone to transgress one’s bodily boundaries, I argue for defining sexual consent as feeling-with one’s sexual partner(s). Historically and legally speaking, sexual consent became important once women were considered to have sexual autonomy.


id: fpq-3026
author: Assistants, Student; FPQ, Editors
title: Acknowledging our Referees from September 2014 through June 2016
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 2
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 282
sentence: 10
flesch: 41
cache: cache/fpq-3026.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3026.txt
summary:
  Acknowledging Referees Published by Scholarship@Western, 2016 Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 2016 Acknowledging our Referees from September 2014 through June 2016 Student Assistants Editors FPQ Recommended Citation Acknowledging our Referees from September 2014 through June 2016 The editors express sincere gratitude to all those who have refereed for Feminist Philosophy Quarterly between September 2014 and June 2016.


id: fpq-13967
author: Holroyd, Jules
title: Oppressive Praise
date: 2021-12-06
pages: 27
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11186
sentence: 607
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-13967.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13967.txt
summary:
  Holroyd – Oppressive Praise Published by Scholarship@Western, 2021 1 Oppressive Praise Jules Holroyd Abstract Philosophers have had a lot to say about blame, much less about praise. Holroyd – Oppressive Praise Published by Scholarship@Western, 2021 3 I want to further motivate attention to praise and judgements of praiseworthiness.


id: fpq-14565
author: Fakhoury, Tamara
title: Violent Resistance as Radical Choice
date: 2023-02-27
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11750
sentence: 603
flesch: 53
cache: cache/fpq-14565.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14565.txt
summary:
  Keywords: resistance, oppression, violence, nonviolence, radical choice, partiality, impartiality, morality, ethical theory, moral reasons 1. Moreover, it centers what I will call paradigmatic moral reasons for or against the use of violence—that is, reasons that arise from impartial moral principles.


id: fpq-3008
author: Gottlieb, Paula; Tirrell, Lynne
title: Remembering Claudia Card: Two Tributes
date: 2015-11-23
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2959
sentence: 146
flesch: 67
cache: cache/fpq-3008.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3008.txt
summary:
  Remembering Claudia Card Published by Scholarship@Western, 2015 I don’t have PowerPoint, but here are some snapshots of Claudia’s life that I was able to witness—Claudia being made SWIP’s distinguished philosopher of the year, Claudia being feted by her students (many of whom are here) at Cardfest, a festival in honor of her 65th birthday, Claudia presenting the Dewey lecture to a packed hall at the Central conference of the American Philosophical Association, Claudia receiving a long standing ovation for her Presidential address at the APA, and most recently, Claudia being awarded the prestigious Carus lectures. 5 Gottlieb and Tirrell: Remembering Claudia Card Published by Scholarship@Western, 2015 Despite living a brilliant life of the mind, she also loved embodied life; Claudia loved to sing, dance, and play her gorgeous piano.


id: fpq-14273
author: Park, Shelley M
title: Uncomfortably Close to Human: Robots and the Neocolonial Politics of Care
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11171
sentence: 648
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-14273.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14273.txt
summary:
  We are living in the so-called age of robots; more specifically, we are living in an era of social robots. The largest share of this growth is in social robots—personal robots that rely on machine learning (AI) to respond to human desires and that are designed to elicit an emotional connection with humans.


id: fpq-16601
author: Bettcher, Talia Mae
title: Phenomenology, Agency, and Rape: Comments on Heyes’s _Anaesthetics of Existence_
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3914
sentence: 190
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-16601.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-16601.txt
summary:
  While Heyes’s account of postdisciplinary time is richer than this, one key point is that the experience of the present is made smaller, narrower, while the future looms ever closer, moving with increasing speed. Here it is also important to recall what Heyes herself points out—namely, that the ability to exert this destabilized agency in postdisciplinary time at all is a privilege in light of those who are cast out of the machinery altogether through joblessness, homelessness, and the like.


id: fpq-14292
author: Deery, Oisín; Bailey, Katherine
title: The Bias Dilemma: The Ethics of Algorithmic Bias in Natural-Language Processing
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12976
sentence: 666
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-14292.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14292.txt
summary:
  In brief, even if we could eliminate bias from language models or their outputs, we would thereby often withhold descriptively or ethically useful information, despite avoiding perpetuating or amplifying bias. First, if a lack of descriptive accuracy in any particular respect is due to bias, as in the Kodak film case, we must be alive to the possibility that for language models, even when we appear to have descriptive accuracy about how people use language, we might not, at least in some relevant respect, perhaps due to bias in the training data.15 Second, there are various respects in which a system or model might get matters descriptively right about how people use language, and different systems might have differing aims in this regard—for 14 We will say more about why descriptively accurate information can be ethically useful in section 6.


id: fpq-14295
author: Barnes, Michael Randall
title: Online Extremism, AI, and (Human) Content Moderation
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12522
sentence: 627
flesch: 53
cache: cache/fpq-14295.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14295.txt
summary:
  As Tarleton Gillespie (2020, 1) puts it, “As social media platforms have grown, so has the problem of moderating them.” This is true even when our eyes are trained on social media platforms.


id: fpq-14347
author: Huang, Linus Ta-Lun; Chen, Hsiang-Yun; Lin, Ying-Tung; Huang, Tsung-Ren; Hung, Tzu-Wei
title: Ameliorating Algorithmic Bias, or Why Explainable AI Needs Feminist Philosophy
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 32
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12336
sentence: 706
flesch: 46
cache: cache/fpq-14347.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14347.txt
summary:
  Because the discussion about bias in AI decision systems is mostly about the predictive model, we use the terms “algorithm,” “model,” and “AI system” interchangeably. First, different XAI models provide different explanations.


id: fpq-14386
author: Pearlman, Savannah; Williams, Elizabeth
title: Why You Ought to Defer: : Moral Deference and Marginalized Experience
date: 2022-07-20
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13285
sentence: 656
flesch: 53
cache: cache/fpq-14386.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14386.txt
summary:
  Distinguishing epistemic deference from actional deference allows us to explain the appropriateness of a divergent response—epistemic deference without actional deference, or actional deference without epistemic deference—to cases that traditional accounts of moral deference must take as all-or- nothing. We distinguish between two types of deference: epistemic deference, which refers to believing p in virtue of trusting the testifier, and actional deference, which involves acting appropriately in response to the testimony given.


id: fpq-10839
author: Dryden, Jane
title: Food Choices and Gut Issues
date: 2021-09-01
pages: 30
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13420
sentence: 729
flesch: 62
cache: cache/fpq-10839.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10839.txt
summary:
  Still, even in these cases, the experience of food constraints and the pressures around food choices is shaped by context. Similarly, with regard to gut issues, while the biomedical condition plays a role, the experience of making food choices is highly affected by social, relational, and environmental factors.


id: fpq-16603
author: Heyes, Cressida J.
title: Heyes’s Responses to Readers
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 12
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5422
sentence: 234
flesch: 52
cache: cache/fpq-16603.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-16603.txt
summary:
  Being intermittently woken gasping for air to survive is a very literal version of the sleep interruptions experienced by the houseless, which, according to Burke, push them to the edge of lived time and annihilate their existence. It would better elucidate how lived time is structured by others and how it is maldistributed in late capitalism” (Burke 2023, 9).


id: fpq-14276
author: McClure, Emma; Wald, Benjamin
title: Algorithmic Microaggressions
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 34
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14158
sentence: 728
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-14276.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14276.txt
summary:
  We theorize two kinds of algorithmic microaggression, stereotyping and erasure microaggressions, and argue that corporations are responsible for the microaggressions their algorithms create. We’ll argue that virtual environments can also be chilly climates: algorithmic microaggressions communicate that online spaces were not built for members of marginalized groups, that they do not belong in these spaces.


id: fpq-13518
author: George, B. R. ; Goguen, Stacey
title: Hermeneutical Backlash: Trans Youth Panics as Epistemic Injustice
date: 2021-12-06
pages: 35
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13579
sentence: 855
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-13518.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13518.txt
summary:
  Certain kinds of hermeneutical liberation have their moment or tipping point: as new hermeneutical resources spread, their increasing availability leads to a rapid increase (an “epidemic” in the backlash’s pathologizing language) in the number of personal hermeneutical breakthroughs (or a shift in who is experiencing these breakthroughs), which is the expected and desired result. 6. Conclusion In this paper, we have used the case study of trans youth panics to highlight some common backlash vulnerabilities of hermeneutical liberation movements.


id: fpq-3020
author: Rivera, Lisa
title: Possible Dilemmas Raised by Impossible Moral Requirements
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6692
sentence: 341
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-3020.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3020.txt
summary:
  What makes Tessman’s argument so powerful is that she tackles both of these dilemmas for moral theory holistically and offers a view of moral requirements that squares the moral phenomena with a normative theory that is designed to square with neuropsychology. [2016], Iss. 1, Art. 5 http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fpq/vol2/iss1/5 DOI: 10.5206/fpq/2016.1.5 A second dilemma for normative moral theory lies in wait.


id: fpq-3011
author: Brown, Matthew J
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 37
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 15666
sentence: 811
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-3011.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3011.txt
title:
  Love Slaves and Wonder Women: Radical Feminism and Social Reform in the Psychology of William Moulton Marston

summary:
  This leading idea clearly follows from his thoroughgoing opposition to a kind of naturalization of the status quo—Marston everywhere opposes the idea that because something is a 11 Brown: Feminism and Social Reform in the Psychology of William Marston Published by Scholarship@Western, 2016 certain way in our society, that it is natural, normal, healthy, or necessary that it be so. 7Skinner's work mainly comes after Marston, but he is nonetheless an interesting point of reference, because he is often regarded as the most sophisticated and last 13 Brown: Feminism and Social Reform in the Psychology of William Marston Published by Scholarship@Western, 2016 Marston objects to behaviorism on two main grounds.


id: fpq-15643
author: Fehr, Carla
title: Feminism, Social Justice, and Artificial Intelligence
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 8
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2813
sentence: 131
flesch: 44
cache: cache/fpq-15643.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-15643.txt
summary:
  Falbo and LaCroix point out that we exist in relationship with AI systems that encode conventions of dominant cultures. As a result, cultural smothering can be mediated by AI systems.


id: fpq-10836
author: Atherton, Emma
title: Moralizing Hunger: Cultural Fatphobia and the Moral Language of Contemporary Diet Culture
date: 2021-09-01
pages: 37
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 16513
sentence: 598
flesch: 44
cache: cache/fpq-10836.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10836.txt
summary:
  I argue that within the broader social context these moralized vocabularies also function to reproduce fatphobia—a form of bodily normativity that identifies thinness with dignity, normalcy, desirability, and worthiness, and casts fat bodies as undignified, disgusting, socially threatening, and abject. While fatness has been seen as a marker of prestige, prosperity, wealth, fertility, and authority in previous historical eras and in regions of the world characterized by food scarcity, the contemporary United States casts fat bodies as markers of gluttonous lack of self-control, selfishness, burdensomeness, poverty, and greed.


id: fpq-13641
author: Edidin, Aron
title: Epistemic Agency and the Value of Knowledge and Belief
date: 2022-03-04
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7391
sentence: 368
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-13641.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13641.txt
summary:
  If the value of knowing is the value of exercising epistemic agency, then given the way human agency and human epistemic agency work, that’s going to be the value of participating in appropriate ways in social practices and structures and systems surrounding the acquisition, propagation, and mobilization of true beliefs. In the first place, the credit-worthiness approach to the value of knowledge locates that value in the broad domain of epistemic agency.


id: fpq-3053
author: Code, Lorraine
title: Knowing Responsibly, Thinking Ecologically: Response to Panelists
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3620
sentence: 159
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-3053.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3053.txt
summary:
  Knowing Responsibly, Thinking Ecologically Lorraine Code By way of background though not by way of dissembling, I have to note that it was difficult to find a publisher for Epistemic Responsibility in the late 1980s. So many things come to mind in response to these so fine essays: oddly, for example, before reading Christine Koggel’s splendid analysis, I had forgotten that Kant figured so prominently both in my ‘everyday’ philosophical thinking then, and in writing Epistemic Responsibility.


id: fpq-2990
author: Billingsley, Amy
title: Technology and Narratives of Continuity in Transgender Experiences
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10842
sentence: 456
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-2990.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2990.txt
summary:
  Considering the potential for emerging trans narratives indicates that fundamental change narratives are socially and historically situated. The essay concludes by considering the trajectory of fundamental change narratives, looking at emerging transgender narratives, which stress a more integrated, complex account of transgender lives.


id: fpq-2996
author: Reiheld, Alison
title: Just Caring for Caregivers: What Society and the State Owe to Those Who Render Care
date: 2015-11-23
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11049
sentence: 534
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-2996.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2996.txt
summary:
  (66) Without changing the basic structures of paid work, including programs that allow paid leave as well as unpaid leave, and for a wider variety of those who often perform unpaid dependency work, caregivers will continue to be vulnerable precisely because they provide care. x to reform the basic structure of paid work so that it does not inherently disadvantage those who perform unpaid dependency work.


id: fpq-13959
author: Rea, Michael
title: Gender as a Self-Conferred Identity
date: 2022-07-20
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10741
sentence: 387
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-13959.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13959.txt
summary:
  But here I want to work with two different notions of identity, one of which is prevalent in the philosophical literature on narrative identity and in the psychological literature on identity and identity development, and the other of acknowledges that the norm-relevancy account of gender identity developed in her work (Jenkins 2016, 2018) accords only ethical first-person authority to gender judgments. A final difference between the SCI account and the self-identification account: According to Jenkins, the self-identification account fails with respect to two of what she takes to be the six desiderata that must be satisfied by any adequate account of gender identity.


id: fpq-3047
author: Maloney, Catherine
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 14
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5749
sentence: 239
flesch: 46
cache: cache/fpq-3047.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3047.txt
title:
  From Epistemic Responsibility to Ecological Thinking: The Importance of Advocacy for Epistemic Community

summary:
  Code writes that advocacy practices work to get at truths operating imperceptibly, implicitly, below the surface of the assumed self-transparency of evidence. (3) In relation to the evolution of Code’s work, it further solidifies the importance, and necessity, of advocacy for responsible epistemic community.


id: fpq-3041
author: Koggel, Christine M.
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7369
sentence: 292
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-3041.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3041.txt
title:
  The Epistemological and the Moral/Political in Epistemic Responsibility: Beginnings and Reworkings in Lorraine Code’s Work

summary:
  Second, Epistemic Responsibility is a much more sustained and explicit examination of moral theory and, in particular, of virtue ethics than Code’s later work. The Epistemological and the Moral/Political in Epistemic Responsibility Published by Scholarship@Western, 2016 summarize, and discuss the work Code does on virtue ethics in Epistemic Responsibility and speculate on why she abandons this path in the rest of her work.


id: fpq-3032
author: Lockard, Claire A
title: Unhappy Confessions: The Temptation of Admitting to White Privilege
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9902
sentence: 375
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-3032.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3032.txt
summary:
  White talk can be verbal, but the nonverbal and unconscious bodily signals that white people send out as they talk about race are for Bailey just as revealing about the nature of white privilege and white racism as the words they say (42). The Temptation of Admitting to White Privilege1 Claire A. Lockard Abstract Admissions of white privilege and/or racism are common among white anti-racists and others who want to combat their racism.


id: fpq-2978
author: Harding, Sandra
title: After Mr. Nowhere: What Kind of Proper Self for a Scientist?
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9176
sentence: 533
flesch: 52
cache: cache/fpq-2978.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2978.txt
summary:
  No wonder mainstream responses to social justice research have been so emotionally fraught. Our project here will now be to identify several kinds of new proper scientific selfs that such new research methodologies have produced.


id: fpq-3035
author: Blankschaen, Kurt M
title: Allied Identities
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11236
sentence: 523
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-3035.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3035.txt
summary:
  Though we don’t often enumerate what tasks we expect allies to do, a fairly common conception is that allies “support the LGBT community.” I then develop a positive account by starting with whom allies are allied to instead of what allies are supposed to do.


id: fpq-14313
author: Keyes, Os; Creel, Kathleen
title: Artificial Knowing Otherwise
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10590
sentence: 641
flesch: 52
cache: cache/fpq-14313.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14313.txt
summary:
  Although the particular “political orders” resulting from the incorporation of machine learning systems into political life are new (Amoore 2022), feminist concerns with the epistemology of machine learning are not. Our concern is the development of machine learning systems that learn from a more diverse range of knowers without concentrating data and power.


id: fpq-3002
author: Morris, Justin
title: Queer Earth Mothering: Thinking Through the Biological Paradigm of Motherhood
date: 2015-11-23
pages: 28
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11806
sentence: 616
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-3002.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3002.txt
summary:
  Feminist theorists with biological children are responsible for some of the most devastating criticisms of BPM and count as the most obvious examples of this possibility. Third, without the distinction, QEM might be construed as a thinly veiled attempt to shame affluent women with biological children.


id: fpq-14348
author: Moser, Shelby; Xhignesse, Michel-Antoine
title: A Garden of One's Own: or Why Are There No Great Lady Detectives?
date: 2023-02-27
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9459
sentence: 401
flesch: 57
cache: cache/fpq-14348.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14348.txt
summary:
  Cozy mysteries—and lady detective stories in particular—remain in thrall to the kinds of properties which became standard when the subgenre first coalesced in the twentieth century—a time when gender norms significantly restricted women’s flourishing. Introduction There is no shortage of lady detectives in English-language television series.


id: fpq-2984
author: Dougherty, Tom; Baron, Samuel; Miller, Kristie
date: 2015-07-22
pages: 31
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11698
sentence: 662
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-2984.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-2984.txt
title:
  Female Under-Representation Among Philosophy Majors: 
  A Map of the Hypotheses and a Survey of the Evidence

summary:
  6. Conclusion Discussions of female under-representation among philosophy students have provided a rich set of candidate hypotheses that posit effects either in the classroom or in students’ experiences before they arrive at university. However, empirical research into these effects on philosophy students is still in its nascence.


id: fpq-10609
author: Heck, Richard Kimberly
title: How Not to Watch Feminist Pornography
date: 2021-03-01
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11281
sentence: 668
flesch: 68
cache: cache/fpq-10609.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10609.txt
summary:
  “How Not to Watch Feminist Pornography.” Heck – How Not to Watch Feminist Pornography Published by Scholarship@Western, 2021 1 How Not to Watch Feminist Pornography Richard Kimberly Heck Abstract


id: fpq-14514
author: Weigel, Chris
title: Supererogatory Duties and Caregiver Heroic Testimony
date: 2023-02-27
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9258
sentence: 542
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-14514.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14514.txt
summary:
  Hence, by making room for saying that heroes can make enormous sacrifices to do their moral duty, Dorsey’s account of supererogation can account for these relatively widespread cases of caregiving, which in turn allows for an explanation of caregiver heroic testimony, which is also widespread, that does not attribute a vice or confusion to caregivers or diminish their sacrifice. Prior accounts of heroic testimony fall short of explaining caregiver heroic testimony, which is another puzzle that the case of caregiving presents.


id: fpq-3014
author: Drabek, Matt L
title: Pornographic Subordination, Power, and Feminist Alternatives
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8387
sentence: 464
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-3014.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3014.txt
summary:
  I do not think feminist pornography is a panacea for the ills of 10 Eaton in particular distinguishes four categories of remedies to the harms of pornography: criminalization, civil action, state regulation that falls short of bans or criminalization, and moral condemnation (Eaton 2007, 690). I refer here to feminist pornography, which we will consider shortly.


id: fpq-14296
author: Henning, Tempest M.
title: Don’t Just "Google It": Argumentation and Racist Search Engines
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10014
sentence: 533
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-14296.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14296.txt
summary:
  Falling under the taxonomy of epistemic oppression, epistemic exploitation can be difficult to pinpoint due to its subtlety as well as its pervasiveness. This mode of epistemic oppression can occur in blog/article comment sections, tweets, Facebook comments, the office breakroom, family gatherings, or even grocery store checkout lines.


id: fpq-3065
author: Baehr, Amy R
title: A Capacious Account of Liberal Feminism
date: 2017-03-23
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10379
sentence: 510
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-3065.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3065.txt
summary:
  As I suggest in section 3.1, when liberal feminist doctrines propose measures to secure liberal feminist justice, it is often not clear whether they mean to propose remedial measures to bring society closer to a fully just liberal feminist society or to describe that fully just society itself. Section 2 This section explores the capacious account’s definition by showing what sorts of doctrines it sweeps into the family of liberal feminist doctrines.


id: fpq-14275
author: Kassam, Alysha; Marino, Patricia
title: Algorithmic Racial Discrimination: A Social Impact Approach
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10705
sentence: 433
flesch: 41
cache: cache/fpq-14275.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14275.txt
summary:
  Keywords: algorithms, algorithmic bias, racial discrimination, structural theories of oppression, proxy discrimination This paper contributes to debates over algorithmic discrimination with particular attention to structural theories of racism and the problem of “proxy discrimination”—discriminatory effects that arise even when an algorithm has no information about socially sensitive characteristics such as race. But we argue that, from the structural point of view, framing the problem of algorithmic racial discrimination as a lack of parity is insufficient: algorithms should be evaluated with respect to their broader social impact and whether their use exacerbates or mitigates racial stratification.


id: fpq-10846
author: Hey, Maya
title: Attunement and Multispecies Communication in Fermentation
date: 2021-09-01
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10245
sentence: 473
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-10846.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10846.txt
summary:
  As such, brewers need to attune to microbial life with the unaided eye, calling upon other senses and the perceptions of other brewers to ascertain the fermentation processes in progress. Because fermentation mediates the relations across human bodies, microbial bodies, and a shared environment, its hands-on praxis provides a way of engaging with the microbes that we cannot easily see or sense.


id: fpq-14264
author: Falbo, Arianna; LaCroix, Travis
title: Est-ce que Vous Compute? Code-Switching, Cultural Identity, and AI
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10030
sentence: 615
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-14264.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14264.txt
summary:
  We have highlighted one important way these technologies can potentially be sites for epistemic oppression: by imposing imperfect choice situations or double binds onto nondominant social groups. 2 AI/NLP research on code-switching typically concentrates on the morphosyntactic features of 1 The term “code-switching” (sometimes referred to as code-mixing, codeshifting, language alternation, language mixture, or language switching) appears in the 1950s; however, observations of these linguistic phenomena in academic writing predate this baptism by several decades; see Benson (2001) for an historical discussion.


id: fpq-14738
author: Kohpeiß, Henrike
title: Concepts as Shelter: Toward a Feminist Theory of Philosophical Concepts
date: 2023-06-16
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11588
sentence: 654
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-14738.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14738.txt
summary:
  Article 1. 2023 Concepts as Shelter: Toward a Feminist Theory of Philosophical Concepts Henrike Kohpeiß Free University Berlin henrike.kohpeiss@fu-berlin.de Kohpeiß – Concepts as Shelter: Toward a Feminist Theory of Philosophical Concepts Published by Scholarship@Western, 2023 1 Concepts as Shelter: Toward a Feminist Theory of Philosophical Concepts Henrike Kohpeiß Abstract Eve Tuck’s reflection on a “breakup with Deleuze” and her critical feminist relationship toward Deleuze’s philosophical position leads to my exploration of a feminist approach to a theory of concepts. (Burgess, Cappelen, and Plunkett 2020, 12) Kohpeiß – Concepts as Shelter: Toward a Feminist Theory of Philosophical Concepts Published by Scholarship@Western, 2023 5 feminism in the fact that “concepts offer us new ways to address the world.”


id: fpq-3077
author: Ruíz, Elena; Dotson, Kristie
title: On the Politics of Coalition
date: 2017-07-06
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6735
sentence: 282
flesch: 42
cache: cache/fpq-3077.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3077.txt
summary:
  You incorporate a limited concept of womanhood in your analysis, and thus misconstrue the criticisms women of color have made of feminist theory. . . . mailto:ruizele1@msu.edu On the Politics of Coalition Elena Ruíz and Kristie Dotson Abstract In the wake of continued structural asymmetries between women of color and white feminisms, this essay revisits intersectional tensions in Catharine MacKinnon’s


id: fpq-10905
author: Kapusta, Stephanie
title: Mary Daly’s Philosophy: Some Bergsonian Themes
date: 2021-06-01
pages: 28
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11448
sentence: 679
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-10905.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10905.txt
summary:
  Like Bergson and others, Daly distinguishes intuition or “ontological reason” from means–end, technical reason.13 Neither Bergson nor Daly are against science 13 The distinction between “ontological reason” (later, “Elemental reason”) and “technical reason” is attributed by Daly to Tillich (Daly 1985b, 39–40, 105; 1984, 153– 166). Keywords: Mary Daly, Henri Bergson, radical feminism, intuition, time, memory, self, patriarchy, process philosophy, metaphor Introduction: The Works of Mary Daly and Their Sources The thought of pioneering radical feminist Mary Daly has been discussed principally within feminist theology, feminist studies in religion, and feminist spirituality (Monagle 2019; Wood 2015; Hunt 2014; Plaskow 2012), or more generally in relation to Daly’s historical role within feminist thought (Telling 2012).


id: fpq-13623
author: Klieber, Anna
date: 2021-12-06
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11614
sentence: 520
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-13623.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-13623.txt
title:
  On the Epistemology of Trigger Warnings: Or, why the Coddling Argument against Trigger Warnings is Misguided

summary:
  For example, the report On Trigger Warnings, drafted by the American Association of University Professors (2014, 1) argues that trigger warnings pose a “threat to academic freedom in the classroom.” Making Sense of Arguments against Trigger Warnings as Epistemic Arguments Lukianoff and Haidt (2015, 2018) argue that trigger warnings are bad not only because they undermine free speech but also because they encourage hyperfragility, emotional reasoning, hiding, and looking away from contents one finds difficult or disagrees with—according to them, they stand in the way of the educational pursuit of knowledge.


id: fpq-3071
author: Nenadic, Natalie
date: 2017-07-06
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9053
sentence: 423
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-3071.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3071.txt
title:
  Catharine MacKinnon, Feminism, and Continental Philosophy: Comments on Toward a Feminist Theory of the State—Twenty-Five Years Later

summary:
  It’s a pleasure and an honor to comment on and celebrate Catharine MacKinnon’s Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (TFTS).1 I first read this book shortly after it was published twenty-five years ago and have returned to it on numerous occasions, with every reading revealing another layer of depth and 1 I presented a version of this paper at the Pacific Division meeting of the American Philosophical Association (April 1–4, 2015), on a panel marking the twenty-fifth anniversary of the publication of Catharine MacKinnon’s Keywords: MacKinnon, feminism, Heidegger, continental philosophy, sexual violence Introduction


id: fpq-14291
author: Stewart, Heather; Cichocki, Emily; McLeod, Carolyn
title: A Perfect Storm for Epistemic Injustice: Algorithmic Targeting and Sorting on Social Media
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11925
sentence: 628
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-14291.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14291.txt
summary:
  Although our focus is generally on understanding algorithmic injustice or oppression better, and more specifically how algorithmically driven social media platforms can worsen unjust social and epistemic conditions, we acknowledge that social media can (and often does) serve a valuable role in solidaristic efforts at resisting social injustice and creating positive social change (Stephen 2015; We are interested in understanding how algorithmic processes on social media increase social injustice and oppression in our interpersonal lives.


id: fpq-3038
author: Mudde, Anna
title: Introduction to The Challenge of Epistemic Responsibility: Essays in Honour of Lorraine Code
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2128
sentence: 92
flesch: 41
cache: cache/fpq-3038.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3038.txt
summary:
  Turning to Code’s thinking about the ways the credibility of a knower’s testimony is shaped by social imaginaries, and the ensuing challenge of and need for dialogical advocacy work (that is, the work of thinking across differences and articulating knowledge not yet 3 Mudde: Introduction to Essays in Honour of Lorraine Code Published by Scholarship@Western, 2016 part of the/a social imaginary), Maloney draws out the connections between testimony, advocacy, and autonomy in Code’s Ecological Thinking (2006). In this symposium of papers, invited by Feminist Philosophy Quarterly, the authors return to Code’s first book, Epistemic Responsibility (1987), to re-read it, respond to it, and rethink Code’s articulation of epistemic responsibility anew, considering it in light of her other work and drawing it into contact with their own.


id: fpq-3059
author: Phelan, Kate M
title: Is Feminism Yet a Theory of the Kind That Marxism Is?
date: 2017-03-23
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12355
sentence: 631
flesch: 66
cache: cache/fpq-3059.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3059.txt
summary:
  So, as in marxism a person must get material things before all else, in feminism men and women must get the object of their sexual desire before all else. It makes sense of, for instance, why persons are socially divided into two groups, man and woman, why the word sex refers to both the categories male and female and the sex act, why virility is the measure of manhood, why women are seen as, indeed are, masochistic, why sexual intercourse, the paradigmatic sex act, takes the form of penetration, why rape is rarely seen as such.


id: fpq-14294
author: Elder, Alexis
title: Siri, Stereotypes, and the Mechanics of Sexism
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 30
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13309
sentence: 559
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-14294.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14294.txt
summary:
  In current surveillance-capitalist implementations of AI voice assistants, there is ambiguity about how voice recordings and related metadata are stored and used (Ng 2019). This emphasis on aesthetics and on how we perform our roles is going to be helpful in thinking about the details of the experience of interacting with voice assistants.


id: fpq-14191
author: Lin, Ting-An; Chen, Po-Hsuan Cameron
title: Artificial Intelligence in a Structurally Unjust Society
date: 2022-12-21
pages: 32
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13677
sentence: 750
flesch: 44
cache: cache/fpq-14191.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-14191.txt
summary:
  By situating AI systems within existing social structures, the structural-injustice perspective enables a more nuanced analysis of the contributing factors to AI bias and indicates potential directions for the pursuit of AI fairness. From a structural-injustice perspective, this analysis provides a nuanced view of how AI bias may occur by analyzing it against the situated social context, thus drawing attention to the interactions between AI systems and other social factors.


id: fpq-3083
author: MacKinnon, Catharine A
title: Response to Five Philosophers: Toward a Feminist Theory of the State Some Decades Later
date: 2017-07-06
pages: 19
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8776
sentence: 426
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3083.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3083.txt
summary:
  The examples she cites that consider women criticizing other women’s parenting styles as just as dangerous as the sexualization of children, or women judging other women as a plague worse than Donald Trump, have lost any sense of reality. Women, a social status, includes transwomen because in the system of male dominance, they are seen and treated as women, coupled with gendered subordination based on their trans-status when visible or known.


id: fpq-3089
author: Rudow-Abouharb, L Brooke
title: Dismantling Purity: Toward a Feminist Curdling of Hawaiian Identity
date: 2017-10-08
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9334
sentence: 486
flesch: 59
cache: cache/fpq-3089.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3089.txt
summary:
  By redefining Hawaiian identity in order to more easily acquire Hawaiian lands, the haole was set up nicely to remain dominant in a fragmented society, creating a vast divide between “native” Hawaiians and those “for all intents and purposes”-but-just-not-quite whites. Through the combination of the rapidly declining Kanaka Maoli population, powerful missionaries, and the strategic positioning of haole businessmen in the Hawaiian government, US interests were increasingly served by new laws regulating the sale of Hawaiian land which almost exclusively benefited American-owned sugar plantations (Silva 2004, 39–43).


id: fpq-3044
author: Dieleman, Susan
title: Responsibilism and the Analytic-Sociological Debate in Social Epistemology
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 5930
sentence: 254
flesch: 41
cache: cache/fpq-3044.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3044.txt
summary:
  Social epistemology, in this respect, is much like other fields, and is the focus of this paper. The first is to show that the debate between analytic and sociological versions of social epistemology is overly simplistic and doesn’t take into account additional positions that are available and, indeed, have been available since social epistemology was (re)introduced in the mid to late 1980s.


id: fpq-10726
author: Ivy, Veronica
date: 2021-06-01
pages: 39
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 17202
sentence: 907
flesch: 62
cache: cache/fpq-10726.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10726.txt
title:
  If “Ifs” and “Buts” Were Candy and Nuts: The Failure of Arguments Against Trans and Intersex Women's Full and Equal Inclusion in Women's Sport

summary:
  But much more importantly, we have good evidence that there is no such all-purpose competitive advantage due to the utter absence of trans women athletes at the Olympics and other elite level sport.48 If “even a single athlete is unfairly deprived of her opportunity to triumph . . .” For example, some may grant that trans women are women but not “female,” and that sport is about “sex,” and therefore trans women should not be allowed to compete in female categories.


id: fpq-3068
author: Watson, Lori
title: Introduction: Symposium on Toward a Feminist Theory of the State, Twenty-Five Years Later
date: 2017-07-06
pages: 4
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1410
sentence: 49
flesch: 45
cache: cache/fpq-3068.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3068.txt
summary:
  Elena Ruiz and Kristie Dotson’s piece seeks to articulate the grounds of “allyship” among MacKinnon’s work and feminist decolonizing work, especially as done by women of color and feminisms situated in the context of liberatory struggles of the Global South. Given complete carte blanche to organize sessions, I conceived of this “dream session,” featuring MacKinnon’s groundbreaking work and initiated the invitations.


id: fpq-3050
author: Shotwell, Alexis
title: Fierce Love: What We Can Learn about Epistemic Responsibility from Histories of AIDS Advocacy
date: 2016-10-25
pages: 17
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7268
sentence: 319
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-3050.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3050.txt
summary:
  Partially for pragmatic reasons about coalitional political work with other “disease groups,” as they were called, but also perhaps for other reasons, AIDS activists refused the easier deal that would have secured funding for AIDS drugs only. So, as soon as they got re-elected, the first thing that the new Minister of Health did was to announce that the EDRP would be open for a number of experimental AIDS drugs, and then it got expanded.


id: fpq-3056
author: Khader, Serene J
title: Transnational Feminisms, Nonideal Theory, and “Other” Women’s Power
date: 2017-03-23
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10458
sentence: 506
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-3056.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3056.txt
summary:
  Western feminists “already know” that “other” cultures oppress women more than Western culture and so assign particular weight to data that would confirm this. If the genesis of normative ideals that associate Western culture with gender justice is not up for discussion, Western feminists may not only make arbitrary ethnocentric judgments; they may not even realize they are doing it.


id: fpq-3488
author: Rutland, Ted
title: Disoriented Life: A Review of Ami Harbin, Disorientation and Moral Life
date: 2018-06-23
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3006
sentence: 132
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3488.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3488.txt
summary:
  It was the same kind of moments that I found most interesting when the book touches on political actions. One example of this kind is political action in which various incommensurable kinds of actions are possible, but it is hard to choose just one.


id: fpq-6227
author: Giladi, Paul; McMillan, Nicola
title: Introduction: Epistemic Injustice and Recognition Theory
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1482
sentence: 55
flesch: 27
cache: cache/fpq-6227.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6227.txt
summary:
  The development and sustaining of generic epistemic peerage amounts to the realisation of the virtues of the spirit of epistemic recognition. For Fricker, the inherently cooperative ethos of mutual epistemic recognition is a creative resource for many different kinds of virtuous epistemic enterprise.


id: fpq-3494
author: Harbin, Ami
title: Response to commentaries on Disorientation and Moral Life
date: 2018-06-23
pages: 7
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3021
sentence: 112
flesch: 40
cache: cache/fpq-3494.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3494.txt
summary:
  I argue for attention to the disorienting aspects of prison abolition, the use of disorientations in improving the context of academic philosophy, and the importance of moments of disorientation in white anti-racist work and social justice organizing. Agents are fundamentally disorientable—even if one is not disoriented by one thing (e.g., a charge of bias), one still might be disoriented by other things (e.g., being diagnosed with an illness, or facing grief), and disorientations can have morally beneficial effects beyond just the realm within which they occur—the tenderizing effects of disorientation in one’s personal life may have beneficial effects in one’s professional life.


id: fpq-3095
author: Wolfe, Katharine L.
title: Are Second Person Needs ‘Burdened Virtues’?: Exploring the Risks and Rewards of Caring
date: 2017-10-08
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10535
sentence: 434
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3095.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3095.txt
summary:
  The need to care for others is one such ethically obligating need, a need we all share as second persons. This paper argues that being second persons means having a unique set of vulnerabilities and, among these vulnerabilities, a distinctive set of needs.


id: fpq-10838
author: Dean, Megan A.
title: Eating as a Self-Shaping Activity: The Case of Young Women’s Vegetarianism and Eating Disorders
date: 2021-09-01
pages: 33
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14065
sentence: 770
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-10838.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-10838.txt
summary:
  This hypothesis, put forward in a body of empirical diet research, is based on apparent correlations between adolescent girls’ and young women’s vegetarianism and disordered eating or clinical eating disorders. Therefore, in addition to intervening in the debate over the relationship between vegetarianism and eating disorders, this paper aims to illustrate the ethical importance and relevance of eating as a self-shaping activity.


id: fpq-6235
author: Fricker, Miranda
title: Epistemic Injustice and Recognition Theory: A New Conversation —Afterword
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 6
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 2144
sentence: 76
flesch: 36
cache: cache/fpq-6235.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6235.txt
summary:
  The papers in this volume surely sound a chord in the affirmative, and together they steer us towards a multifaceted conception of how epistemic injustice is related to epistemic misrecognition, and indeed how we might construe a positive relation of epistemic recognition. Might we talk intelligibly— while staying in tune with Honneth’s concepts and their Hegelian key—of a generic idea of epistemic recognition?


id: fpq-3119
author: Apostolova, Iva; Gauthier-Mamaril, Elaina
title: Care and the Self: A Philosophical Perspective on Constructing Active Masculinities
date: 2018-03-24
pages: 15
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6520
sentence: 285
flesch: 45
cache: cache/fpq-3119.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3119.txt
summary:
  But before we get there, we need to shed more light on what we mean by the relational self, since it will be the relational self that acts as a springboard for caring masculinities. The paper follows a ‘backward’ tripartite structure in which we gradually build up to the discussion of active masculinities.


id: fpq-3101
author: Sidzinska, Maja
title: Not One, Not Two: Toward an Ontology of Pregnancy
date: 2017-12-20
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10240
sentence: 491
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-3101.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3101.txt
summary:
  Does Bapteste and Dupré’s processual ontological account accommodate pregnant organisms, including pregnant subjects? How can we attempt to represent pregnant organisms in general?


id: fpq-3074
author: Brison, Susan J.
title: 'We Must Find Words or Burn': Speaking Out against Disciplinary Silencing
date: 2017-07-06
pages: 11
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 4922
sentence: 231
flesch: 69
cache: cache/fpq-3074.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3074.txt
summary:
  Gender, in other words, is lived as ontology, not as epistemology. So, as MacKinnon has discussed, when Justice Potter Stewart says, of legally proscribable obscenity, “I know it when I see it”—and then asserts, of the film in question, that this isn’t it—what he says goes, because he has the power to make his perspective the truth about the law, or, in other words, he has the ability to make the world conform to the way he sees it (1989, 195–214).


id: fpq-3113
author: Baber, H. E.
title: Is Utilitarianism Bad for Women?
date: 2017-12-20
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8857
sentence: 404
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3113.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3113.txt
summary:
  Keywords: adaptive preference, utilitarianism, feminism, preference, preferentism, desire theory, rational choice, well-being, Nussbaum, Khader, capability Philosophers and policy-makers concerned with the ethics, economics, and politics of development argue that the phenomenon of “adaptive preference” makes preference-utilitarian measures of well-being untenable. In Section 4, I suggest that while there are authentic cases of adaptive preference, it is not as common as many writers suggest and is likely not what drives women living in adverse circumstances to make choices that privileged observers construe as expressions of “deformed” or “inappropriately adaptive” preferences.


id: fpq-5898
author: Cull, Matthew J
title: Against Abolition
date: 2019-09-14
pages: 17
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6677
sentence: 328
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-5898.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5898.txt
summary:
  Positions that attempt to undermine the political significance of gender in one way or another, whilst maintaining the existence of gender categories for identification or other uses, are, to my mind, mislabelled when called abolitionist. Whilst the gender nihilist view of gender does not insist on merely two genders arranged hierarchically, but rather a number of different genders linked by diffing power relations, it does insist that power, and therefore harms, are conceptually linked to the existence of gender categories.


id: fpq-3107
date: 2017-12-20
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11324
sentence: 567
flesch: 52
cache: cache/fpq-3107.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3107.txt
author:
  Lockard, Claire A; Meskhidze, Helen; Wilson, Sean; Batchelor, Nim; Bloch-Schulman, Stephen; Cahill, Ann J

title:
  Using Focus Groups to Explore the Underrepresentation of Female-Identified Undergraduate Students in Philosophy

summary:
  In one of these instances, a student mentioned her professor’s comment that she “had a knack” for philosophy and that she should keep taking philosophy classes. The knowledge students did have about philosophy classes at Elon came from their friends who had taken philosophy before and had had positive experiences.


id: fpq-3491
author: Ben-Moshe, Liat
title: Dis-orientation, dis-epistemology and abolition
date: 2018-06-23
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3977
sentence: 188
flesch: 45
cache: cache/fpq-3491.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3491.txt
summary:
  By carceral abolition I am referring to the myriad movements and frameworks that call for abolition of penal and carceral spaces and logics (Chapman, Carey, and Ben-Moshe 2014). But carceral abolition is 5 Ben-Moshe: Dis-orientation, dis-epistemology and abolition Published by Scholarship@Western, 2018 also (and some abolitionists might say more importantly) about ridding ourselves of carceral logics.


id: fpq-3522
author: Schwartzman, Lisa H
title: Action-Guidance, Oppression, and Nonideal Theory
date: 2016-07-08
pages: 10
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3919
sentence: 164
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-3522.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3522.txt
summary:
  Keywords: ideal theory, nonideal theory, Rawls, oppression, idealization, action- guidance I. Introduction In Moral Failure: On the Impossible Demands of Morality, Lisa Tessman (2015) offers a brilliant and thought-provoking analysis of the problem of moral failure. Lisa Schwartzman Abstract Lisa Tessman’s Moral Failure: On the Impossible Demands of Morality raises important questions about ideal theory, oppression, and the role of action-guidance in normative philosophy.


id: fpq-5781
author: Randall, Thomas E.
title: Values in Good Caring Relations
date: 2018-10-08
pages: 21
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9107
sentence: 489
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-5781.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5781.txt
summary:
  Caring Values This section elucidates what a caring value is and which caring values fulfil normative criteria for evaluating the moral worth of relations. Held’s method for deriving caring values follows a process of reflective equilibrium, applied in the following way.


id: fpq-6233
author: Medina, José
title: Misrecognition and Epistemic Injustice
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 17
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7093
sentence: 262
flesch: 35
cache: cache/fpq-6233.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6233.txt
summary:
  I distinguish between two different kinds of recognition deficiency— quantitative recognition deficits and misrecognitions—and I ague that while the rectification of the former simply requires more recognition, the rectification of the latter calls for a shift in the mode of recognition, that is, a deep transformation of the recognition dynamics so that other forms of recognition can emerge. When we encounter quantitative recognition deficits, what is needed is more recognition.


id: fpq-5418
author: Walsh, Joseph
title: Caregiving and the Abuse of Power
date: 2019-09-14
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10380
sentence: 492
flesch: 65
cache: cache/fpq-5418.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5418.txt
summary:
  Identifying the Ethical Limits of Power: Three Difficulties So far, we have seen that the use of power is sometimes a necessary and legitimate aspect of certain caregiving practices. This thought draws support from the fact, as seen throughout this paper, that a carer’s use of power is morally justifiable only when, and because, it is deployed in the service of Walsh – Caregiving and the Abuse of Power Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 13 this end.


id: fpq-5775
author: Sertler, Ezgi
title: The Institution of Gender-Based Asylum and Epistemic Injustice: A Structural Limit
date: 2018-10-08
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10146
sentence: 476
flesch: 45
cache: cache/fpq-5775.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5775.txt
summary:
  I should note here that the point of this analysis is not to overlook or undermine the success of how gender- based asylum is used by advocates and lawyers to obtain refugee status for many asylum seekers; the point is to understand the failures of this institution better. This national order of things, for example, is reflected in the arguments made by opponents to gender asylum.


id: fpq-5433
author: Koukal, D. R.
title: Precarious Embodiment: Unwanted Pregnancy and Bodysubject Interruptus
date: 2019-09-14
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10312
sentence: 548
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-5433.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5433.txt
summary:
  Such judgments make such bodies “problematic,” with concern shifting from that of the bodysubject to the fetus and the fetus alone. Animated by consciousness, they move toward beckoning horizons, gesturing toward and orienting themselves in relation to things, spaces, situations, and other subjects with bodies.


id: fpq-3080
author: Chambers, Clare
title: Judging Women: Twenty-Five Years Further Toward a Feminist Theory of the State
date: 2017-07-06
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9822
sentence: 466
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-3080.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3080.txt
summary:
  The title of this paper is “Judging Women,” a phrase that can be understood in three senses. If the end of male supremacy means the erasure of the social category of woman then it would seem right for feminists not to identify 15 Chambers: Judging Women Published by Scholarship@Western, 2017 particularly as women, socially; instead, a feminist would identify as a human first and foremost, and would identify as a woman only in the sense of recognising the social meaning of her body and socialisation, and feeling solidarity with others whose bodies and socialisation rendered them similarly liable to subordination.


id: fpq-3482
author: Wesch, Samantha N
title: Resisting Ilsa: Foucaultian Ethics and the Sexualization of Nazism
date: 2018-06-23
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10949
sentence: 510
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-3482.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3482.txt
summary:
  Such atrocity brought forth from evil intention and exploitation of the desperate usually invokes compassion and mourning, yet the conflation of “sexy” and German fascism is so pervasive in Western media it has become mundane, and even considered an actual quality of historical Nazism. Foucault explains that what he refers to as the “Speaker’s Benefit”—performing resistance and presentation of exploration of sexualized Nazism as liberated from constraints— is itself constituted by power relations: There may be [a] reason that makes it so gratifying for us to define the rela- tionship between sex and power in terms of repression; something that one might call the speaker’s benefit.


id: fpq-6231
author: Jackson, Debra L.
title: “Me Too”: Epistemic Injustice and the Struggle for Recognition
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8769
sentence: 420
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-6231.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6231.txt
summary:
  Concerns about false allegations and the threat of retaliation for speaking up have long afflicted victims of sexual harassment and sexual assault, shaping the rhetorical spaces in which victim testimonies are expressed (or not expressed, as in the case of testimonial smothering) and heard (or not heard as in the case of testimonial quieting). #MeToo is not the first social media campaign aimed at drawing attention to sexual harassment and sexual assault.


id: fpq-6229
author: Cook, Anna
title: Recognizing Settler Ignorance in the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10859
sentence: 546
flesch: 40
cache: cache/fpq-6229.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6229.txt
summary:
  In order to explain an account of settler ignorance, I expand Charles Mills’s account of white ignorance to a consideration of white settler ignorance. This is settler ignorance at work, habitually invoking settler colonialism in a manner that blurs the line between past and present, and further reinscribing the practices of present-day settler violence and dispossession.


id: fpq-3125
author: Zheng, Robin
title: Bias, Structure, and Injustice: A Reply to Haslanger
date: 2018-03-24
pages: 30
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13023
sentence: 612
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-3125.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3125.txt
summary:
  I argue that questions of individual responsibility and implicit bias, properly understood, do constitute an important part of addressing structural injustice, and I propose an alternative conception of social structure according to which implicit biases are themselves best understood as a special type of structure. Finally, in Section V, I briefly consider implicit bias on its own terms, suggesting an alternative understanding on which biases are themselves a certain kind of social structure.


id: fpq-3092
author: Ciurria, Michelle
title: Objectivity, Diversity, and Uptake: On the Status of Women in Philosophy
date: 2017-10-08
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9156
sentence: 526
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-3092.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3092.txt
summary:
  Keywords: feminist philosophy; standpoint epistemology; objectivity; diversity; uptake; implicit bias 1. But not all values are equally justified: we need a way to discriminate between productive values and unproductive ones (such as implicit biases based on someone’s demographic attributes).


id: fpq-7294
author: Aragon, Corwin
title: Global Gender Justice and Epistemic Oppression: A Response to an Epistemic Dilemma
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9374
sentence: 449
flesch: 42
cache: cache/fpq-7294.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7294.txt
summary:
  To address this epistemic dilemma, I argue that Western feminists need to examine our epistemic relationships to the women for whom we speak, utilizing the concept of epistemic injustice to locate our own complicity in global epistemic injustices. In other words, an alternative way of addressing the epistemic dilemma is to examine our complicity in global epistemic injustice.


id: fpq-7283
author: Jaggar, Alison M.
title: Thinking about Justice in the Unjust Meantime
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9676
sentence: 520
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-7283.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7283.txt
summary:
  How should philosophers respond to these criticisms of the twentieth century’s most influential ideal of social justice? Different perspectives on social justice often do not have equal public credibility; some are more widely accepted than others, and the ideas that are more widely Jaggar – Thinking about Justice in the Unjust Meantime Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 11 accepted are usually those endorsed by more powerful elites.


id: fpq-3086
author: Romdenh-Romluc, Komarine
title: Hermeneutical Injustice and the Problem of Authority
date: 2017-10-08
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10399
sentence: 540
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-3086.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3086.txt
summary:
  Keywords: hermeneutical injustice, cultural relativity, dialogue Introduction Miranda Fricker (2008) identifies a wrong she calls ‘hermeneutical injustice.’ Fricker characterizes hermeneutical injustice as involving a lack of concepts, on the part of the disadvantaged group, to capture some important aspect of their experience.


id: fpq-7235
author: Rea, Michael Cannon
date: 2019-12-21
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10673
sentence: 482
flesch: 52
cache: cache/fpq-7235.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7235.txt
title:
  Representational and Attitudinal Sexual Objectification: Philosophical Insights from James Tiptree Jr.’s “And I Awoke and Found Me Here on the Cold Hill’s Side"

summary:
  Sexual objectification is not the only kind of objectification, but it is the primary focus in this paper. In this paper, I explore what I take to be some of the important insights about the nature and harm of sexual objectification conveyed in one of Tiptree’s (2004) most well-known stories, “’And I Awoke and Found Me Here on the Cold Hill’s Side.”


id: fpq-7313
author: Kirkland, Katie L.
title: Feminist Aims and a Trans-Inclusive Definition of “Woman”
date: 2019-03-30
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11023
sentence: 449
flesch: 46
cache: cache/fpq-7313.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7313.txt
summary:
  If it is the case that nonpassing trans women are oppressed as women, then using an account of “woman” that excludes them cannot successfully fulfill the purpose of feminist discourse In what follows, I demonstrate that nonpassing trans women are oppressed as women, and consequently, a definition of “woman” that is intended to serve the aims of feminist discourse must include trans women. Article 3. 2019 Feminist Aims and a Trans-Inclusive Definition of “Woman” Katie L. Kirkland Arizona State University kkirkla3@asu.edu Kirkland – Feminist Aims and a Trans-Inclusive Definition of “Woman” Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 1 Feminist Aims and a Trans-Inclusive Definition of “Woman”1 Katie L. Kirkland Abstract In “Amelioration and Inclusion: Gender Identity and the Concept of Woman,” Katharine Jenkins argues that Sally Haslanger’s focal analysis of gender problematically excludes nonpassing trans women from the category “woman.”


id: fpq-3098
author: Yap, Audrey S
title: Credibility Excess and the Social Imaginary in Cases of Sexual Assault
date: 2017-12-20
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10755
sentence: 513
flesch: 54
cache: cache/fpq-3098.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3098.txt
summary:
  But these stories are not in fact representative of sexual assaults in North America, even though our understanding of what constitutes sexual assault is in part constituted by paradigm cases such as these, which are prevalent in the social imaginary. I will use these points to argue that we should look closer at sources of credibility excess in cases of sexual assault.


id: fpq-7311
author: Suen, Alison
title: The Construction of a Consumable Body
date: 2019-03-30
pages: 27
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11448
sentence: 635
flesch: 53
cache: cache/fpq-7311.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7311.txt
summary:
  Suen – The Construction of a Consumable Body Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 1 The Construction of a Consumable Body Alison Suen Abstract In this essay, I analyze various ways in which pregnant bodies are rendered consumable. Specifically, the lack of autonomy ascribed to maternal bodies is compounded by society’s construction of the maternal body as a consumable body—a body whose default function is to serve as a food source for another.


id: fpq-3485
author: Heyes, Cressida J
title: Dislocation and Self-Certainty: Remarks on Disorientation and Moral Life
date: 2018-06-23
pages: 9
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 3438
sentence: 134
flesch: 41
cache: cache/fpq-3485.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3485.txt
summary:
  The kinds of commonplace unmoorings caused by having a child, getting sick, ending a relationship, coming out (or becoming queerer), bereavement, and so on, are not just wobbles on an otherwise straight course toward moral certainty; the very dislocations they provoke have moral value. When one is being gaslighted in a philosophy department, one craves moral certainty.


id: fpq-7322
author: Ciurria, Michelle
title: The Mysterious Case of the Missing Perpetrators: How the Privileged Escape Blame and Accountability
date: 2020-06-15
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9623
sentence: 423
flesch: 40
cache: cache/fpq-7322.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7322.txt
summary:
  Hence, NC 2 I should clarify that it is white men who are typically exonerated by patriarchal scripts. Kant is famous for developing the categorical imperative, which (on one formulation) says never to treat a person as a mere means; but his ‘scientific’ theory reserved the term “person” for white men.


id: fpq-6228
author: Congdon, Matthew
title: “Knower” as an Ethical Concept: From Epistemic Agency to Mutual Recognition
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 27
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12234
sentence: 590
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-6228.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6228.txt
summary:
  In order to give the idea of epistemic recognition some determinacy, I want to develop three basic types of epistemic recognition along with corresponding types of epistemic recognition failure. Once we have elaborated these three sorts of epistemic recognition, we can see a set of corresponding types of epistemic recognition failures.


id: fpq-7290
author: Tobin, Theresa W.
title: Religious Faith in the Unjust Meantime: The Spiritual Violence of Clergy Sexual Abuse
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 30
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13249
sentence: 611
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-7290.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7290.txt
summary:
  Because children are not yet easily able to comprehend the notion of symbolic meaning, they are often unable to understand that “‘God the Father’ is a symbolic way of referring to the ineffable” and are likely to equate the priest with God (Redmond 1989, 73–74).5 Even when priestly status is understood symbolically, sexual abuse by a priest who is imbued by the community with religious authority can convey a message that God condones or approves of the abuse. In light of this, using “Father” to address God reinforces her personal knowledge of a Father God who condones sexual abuse and like human “fathers” also harbors hostility toward her.16


id: fpq-7929
author: McLennan, Matthew R.
title: Beauvoir’s Concept of “Decline”
date: 2020-09-01
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8114
sentence: 387
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-7929.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7929.txt
summary:
  In particular, the vision of decline that Beauvoir privileges appears to be only one possible means of conceptualizing what happens to the person suffering from dementia, and it arguably proves restrictive or troubling in the context of her own intimate relationships. As we will see, this comes to a head in her dealings with ageing friends and family members: arguably her mother Françoise de Beauvoir (Beauvoir 1964), but quite obviously her companion and intellectual collaborator Jean-Paul Sartre (Beauvoir 1981).


id: fpq-6308
author: Luttrell, Johanna C
title: Women’s Work and Assets: Considering Property Ownership from a Transnational Feminist Perspective
date: 2020-03-24
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10538
sentence: 575
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-6308.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6308.txt
summary:
  I use the terms here as a cursory description of the kind of work women do—the terms are not essential to the Lockean defense against forced evictions. Like Virginia Woolf wrote about a “room of one’s own” as a necessary precondition for women’s basic growth and empowerment, so urban women may need “a house of one’s own,” or rather, control over housing assets for themselves and the well-being of their families.


id: fpq-8101
author: Stark, Cynthia A.
title: Why Luck Egalitarianism Fails in Condemning Oppression
date: 2020-12-14
pages: 18
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 7476
sentence: 382
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-8101.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8101.txt
summary:
  Stark – Why Luck Egalitarianism Fails in Condemning Oppression Published by Scholarship@Western, 2020 3 The Oppression Objection Parties to the debate about luck egalitarianism and oppression rely on Iris Marion Young’s (1990) account of oppression. Barry aims to show that luck egalitarians are “fundamentally” concerned with inequalities caused by, for example, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation, and that “addressing social oppression becomes a very important goal of luck egalitarianism” once well-being is adopted as the currency of justice (Barry 2006, 93).


id: fpq-3122
author: Huseyinzadegan, Dilek
title: For What Can the Kantian Feminist Hope? Constructive Complicity in Appropriations of the Canon
date: 2018-03-24
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11722
sentence: 515
flesch: 51
cache: cache/fpq-3122.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3122.txt
summary:
  The distinction between pre-critical and critical works of Kant is so pervasive in mainstream Kant scholarship that it is impossible to cite all those who maintain it; one may refer to the series which contain the complete English language edition of Kant’s works, The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant, edited by Paul Guyer and Allen Wood (Cambridge University Press, 1995 – present). For these reasons, tackling these problems in the context of Kant scholarship should also be a feminist concern.


id: fpq-3104
author: Irvin, Sherri
title: Resisting Body Oppression: An Aesthetic Approach
date: 2017-12-20
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11050
sentence: 637
flesch: 53
cache: cache/fpq-3104.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3104.txt
summary:
  But other aesthetic practices are available to us. Instead, I will argue we should choose to cultivate a specific kind of aesthetic practice, one that does not involve assessing bodies in relation to standards that are derived either from natural response tendencies or from culture or convention.


id: fpq-3062
author: Heiner, Brady T; Tyson, Sarah K
date: 2017-03-23
pages: 37
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14515
sentence: 783
flesch: 40
cache: cache/fpq-3062.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3062.txt
title:
  Feminism and the Carceral State: Gender-Responsive Justice, Community Accountability, and the Epistemology of Antiviolence

summary:
  In the words of community accountability theorists, incarceration has effected an epistemic occupation such that many of us encounter profound difficulty imagining and conceptualizing the redress and prevention of violence (including state violence) without recourse to the heteropatriarchal violence of the state (Durazo et al. 2012b, 2; see also Brown 1992; Brown and Halley 2002; Kim 2015; Richie 2012, 88–89; Smith 2012, 41). Recent feminist scholarship has articulated the multiple ways in which feminist movements—including, if not especially, feminist antiviolence work—have been complicit in the build-up of mass incarceration and the proliferation of state violence (e.g., Bevacqua 2000, Gottschalk 2006, Kim 2015; Richie 2012).


id: fpq-8168
author: Johnson, Casey Rebecca
title: Mansplaining and Illocutionary Force
date: 2020-12-14
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9416
sentence: 533
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-8168.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8168.txt
summary:
  First, a single utterance might have different effects on different audience members, and those effects might be conventional for different illocutionary forces. Keywords: illocutionary force, speech acts, mansplaining, discursive injustice 1.


id: fpq-7285
author: Gosselin, Abigail
title: “Clinician Knows Best”? Injustices in the Medicalization of Mental Illness
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 40
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 16517
sentence: 1070
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-7285.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7285.txt
summary:
  When it conceives of mental disorders as defects of the person, it endorses a stereotype of people with mental illness as incompetent, which enables the exploitation, manipulation, coercion, and epistemically unjust treatment of people with serious mental disorders. As we have seen in this section, treating mental disorders as problems of individual biology conceptualizes them as personal defects, which supports the stereotype of people with serious mental illness as incompetent.


id: fpq-8030
author: Freedman, Karyn L
title: The Epistemic Significance of #MeToo
date: 2020-06-15
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10638
sentence: 495
flesch: 57
cache: cache/fpq-8030.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8030.txt
summary:
  The “Me Too” campaign was started in 2007 by activist Tarana Burke, herself a survivor of sexual violence, as a grassroots movement to aid sexual assault survivors in underprivileged communities. In part I of this paper, I argue that #MeToo testimony increases epistemic value for the survivor qua hearer when experiences like hers are represented by others; for society at large when false but dominant narratives about sexual violence and sexual harassment against women are challenged and replaced with true stories; and for the survivor qua teller when her true story is believed.


id: fpq-5424
author: Ramsoomair, Nicole
title: Uneven Epithets: A Case for an Extension of Shiffrin’s Thinker-Based Approach
date: 2019-12-21
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10982
sentence: 485
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-5424.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5424.txt
summary:
  I will extend her argument to show that, rather than promoting autonomous mental development, derogatory speech may be detrimental to the interests of the thinker despite the fact that such speech is protected on her account. If derogatory speech can be shown to have similar debilitating effects on the discursive environment, then regulation of such speech may too be warranted by appeal to these broader interests of the thinker.


id: fpq-7284
author: Lowe, Dan
title: The Study of Moral Revolutions as Naturalized Moral Epistemology
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 16
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 6536
sentence: 340
flesch: 46
cache: cache/fpq-7284.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7284.txt
summary:
  Keywords: moral epistemology, feminist epistemology, naturalized epistemology, Alison Jaggar Moral and political philosophers can greatly enrich their work through the study of moral revolutions. Although the study of moral revolutions can provide insight into many areas, I believe the most promising is moral epistemology.


id: fpq-6210
author: Pascoe, Jordan
title: On Finding Yourself in a State of Nature: A Kantian Account of Abortion and Voluntary Motherhood
date: 2019-09-14
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13907
sentence: 529
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-6210.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6210.txt
summary:
  Third, I explore Kant’s treatment of the infanticidal mother and draw out the parallels between this case and contemporary abortion rights in order to develop a distinctly Kantian framework of reproductive rights in non-ideal conditions. Second, I show that this account of bodily autonomy is consistent with a Kantian account of embodied rights and embodied consent.


id: fpq-5784
author: Vince, Rosa
title: Testimonial Smothering and Pornography: Silencing Refusing Sex and Reporting Assault
date: 2018-10-08
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11486
sentence: 546
flesch: 55
cache: cache/fpq-5784.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5784.txt
summary:
  18 I am aware that not all rape victims are women, but seeing as this is a paper about women’s silencing, and women represent upwards of 90% of rape victims, I will continue talking about women rape victims. New stories appear on the When Women Refuse page every day, and 20% of women in one study had consented to sex because when they refused in the past their current partner had assaulted them (Basile 1999, 1050).36


id: fpq-6234
author: Richardson-Self, Louise
title: Offending White Men: Racial Vilification, Misrecognition, and Epistemic Injustice
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 25
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10307
sentence: 499
flesch: 48
cache: cache/fpq-6234.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6234.txt
summary:
  Further, with reference to a contemporary case study, I argue that white vilification complaints can both constitute and cause epistemic injustices, and that it is the aforementioned misrecognition which grounds these injustices. In section 3, I discuss the contours of Australia’s dominant social imaginary and show how this liberal imaginary encourages a form of misrecognition necessary for producing the rationale supporting white vilification complaints.


id: fpq-6232
author: Lobb, Andrea
title: “Prediscursive Epistemic Injury”: Recognizing Another Form of Epistemic Injustice?
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10083
sentence: 356
flesch: 39
cache: cache/fpq-6232.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6232.txt
summary:
  Precisely because epistemic recognition can be “attributive,” it can also be actively “detractive,” stripping away from the knowing subject capacities she might otherwise have had. In other words, when testimonial injustice operates, speech may get “heard” perceptually but not socially.12 Such cycles of respective deflation and inflation of credibility in the realm of public and professional esteem can be tracked at all levels, including at the highest level of epistemic recognition (right up 11


id: fpq-3479
author: Draz, Marie
title: Burning it in? Nietzsche, Gender, and Externalized Memory
date: 2018-06-23
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9490
sentence: 537
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-3479.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3479.txt
summary:
  To the contrary, he positively marks the ability to enact what one promises as a sign of a sovereign individual; this sovereignty is held up as the “ripest fruit” of this process, or as at least one possible outcome of such memory work (Nietzsche 1989, 59). Keywords: Nietzsche, memory, forgetting, gender, feminism, transgender, identity documents, sex-segregated bathrooms “Feminist work is often memory work.”


id: fpq-6230
author: Doan, Michael
title: Resisting Structural Epistemic Injustice
date: 2018-12-17
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10283
sentence: 402
flesch: 37
cache: cache/fpq-6230.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-6230.txt
summary:
  To begin with, in order to conceptualize the statewide struggle for clean, safe, affordable water as, in part, a struggle for epistemic recognition and self- determination, a theory of epistemic injustice needs to at least acknowledge the agency of victims in abusive epistemic relations, such as relations between government officials and city residents. The status model of epistemic recognition locates the fundamental wrong of epistemic injustice in social relations and institutions, rather than in individual or interpersonal psychology, without thereby denying the importance of healing and redressing the psychological suffering and incapacitation produced through various forms of social hierarchy and domination.


id: fpq-3116
author: Varden, Helga
date: 2018-03-24
pages: 34
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 16231
sentence: 641
flesch: 50
cache: cache/fpq-3116.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3116.txt
title:
  Kant on Sex. Reconsidered. -- A Kantian account of sexuality: sexual love, sexual identity, and sexual orientation

summary:
  Rather what we have a duty to do in these regards—what Kant calls the “duty of apathy” (6: 408)—is to be able to be around strong affects and emotions without immediately acting on them and generally not simply to live our lives as dictated by our affects.12 Moreover, growing in these emotional and moral ways is obviously not an end- project; being engaged in it, becoming better at it, challenging oneself not only to 11 Relatedly, in the second Critique Kant clarifies that rational self-love “merely infringes upon [animalistic] self-love, inasmuch as it only restricts it, as natural and active in us even prior to the moral law” (Kant 1996a, CPrR 5: 73). Reconsidering Kant on Sex.


id: fpq-8184
author: Emerick, Barrett; Wisor, Scott
title: Introduction to the Special Issue: In the Unjust Meantime
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 5
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 1633
sentence: 68
flesch: 44
cache: cache/fpq-8184.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8184.txt
summary:
  Narayan further develops Jaggar’s critique (as well as her own earlier critique) of the use of “adaptive preferences” to claim that women in non-Western contexts are mistaken about what is best for them. 2, Introduction Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 4 Devine, Philip E. Devine, and Alison Jaggar, 120–179.


id: fpq-8390
author: Clausen, Ginger Tate
title: Next Time Means "No": Sexual Consent and the Structure of Refusals
date: 2020-12-14
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10069
sentence: 488
flesch: 57
cache: cache/fpq-8390.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8390.txt
summary:
  This paper emphasizes a need to recognize sexual refusals both in public discourse and in the context of particular interactions. However, I hope to make the modest case in this essay that there is more to understand about the nature of sexual refusal than has been widely accepted, with the hope that the arguments here will support the baseline project of ending sexual violence even if they don’t speak to the equally important project of theorizing the conditions under which sex is ethical and fulfilling rather than merely consensual.


id: fpq-7282
author: Khader, Serene J.
title: Global Gender Justice and The Feminization of Responsibility
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 22
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9574
sentence: 433
flesch: 44
cache: cache/fpq-7282.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7282.txt
summary:
  As the title of a paper by Maxine Molyneux, “Women at the Service of the New Poverty Agenda,” suggests, women increasingly occupy a role analogous to that of paid development workers. Though the feminization of responsibility undoubtedly increases the amount of labor women do, effects on decision-making power are not reducible to effects on time use.


id: fpq-5778
author: Dean, Megan
title: Eating Identities, “Unhealthy” Eaters, and Damaged Agency
date: 2018-10-08
pages: 33
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14607
sentence: 770
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-5778.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5778.txt
summary:
  Keywords: eating, food ethics, unhealthy eating, unhealthy eater, agency, social narratives, damaged agency, identity, healthy eating, health, ethics of eating, fat, relational autonomy 1 In response to the failures of traditional approaches to solving the “obesity crisis” (Hill and Peters 1998; Egger and Swinburn 1997), an environmental model of eating agency was developed in the 1990s.


id: fpq-8217
author: Táíwò, Olúfẹ́mi O.
title: Stoicism (as Emotional Compression) Is Emotional Labor
date: 2020-06-15
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10351
sentence: 566
flesch: 52
cache: cache/fpq-8217.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8217.txt
summary:
  Táíwò – Stoicism (as Emotional Compression) Is Emotional Labor Published by Scholarship@Western, 2020 5 the stakes of men’s access to emotional labor, this would carry the implication that emotional compression could serve an important positive role in struggle against misogyny, rather than serve it. II. Táíwò – Stoicism (as Emotional Compression) Is Emotional Labor Published by Scholarship@Western, 2020 3 around stoicism and restricted emotional expression are masculine-coded forms of emotional labor, and that they are potentially prosocial.4 Responding to structural and interpersonal asymmetries of emotional labor could well involve supplementing or better cultivating this aspect of male socialization rather than discarding it.


id: fpq-5772
author: Tirrell, Lynne
title: Authority and Gender: Flipping the F-Switch
date: 2018-10-08
pages: 33
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 14524
sentence: 799
flesch: 57
cache: cache/fpq-5772.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-5772.txt
summary:
  After examining both legitimate and illegitimate challenges to speaker authority, I argue that the F-switch should not be construed as a sub-switch on the speaker-item on the index, making only minor changes in play, but rather as a master switch that ranges across the entire index, changing the very game. Successful speech acts require speaker authority and discursive action to match within an appropriate domain.


id: fpq-7291
author: Higgins, Peter
title: Three Hypotheses for Explaining the So-Called Oppression of Men
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 20
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 8426
sentence: 333
flesch: 47
cache: cache/fpq-7291.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7291.txt
summary:
  If (it is not disputed that) people of color are oppressed by racism and the poor and working class are oppressed by economic institutions, no explanatory purpose is served by positing that men are oppressed (in race- and class-specific ways): police violence against black men and the overrepresentation of men of color and poor and working class men in military service are already accounted for by race oppression, class oppression, and their intersection with gender categories. A familiar hypothesis, defended by Kenneth Clatterbaugh (1996, 300–301) and James Sterba (2003, 229),15 holds that certain harms and limitations men experience as men are, in fact, side effects of male privilege and men’s compliance with masculine expectations.


id: fpq-8482
author: Dular, Nicole
title: Mansplaining as Epistemic Injustice
date: 2021-03-01
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10584
sentence: 456
flesch: 53
cache: cache/fpq-8482.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8482.txt
summary:
  X-splaining: a dysfunctional subversion of epistemic roles (of hearer/receiver of knowledge and speaker/giver of knowledge in a testimonial exchange) due to the operation of a prejudicial identity stereotype.23 Having analyzed what mansplaining is as a type of epistemic injustice, we should now move to consider what the core wrong of it is that makes it so pernicious. As I’ve argued in this paper, it is a type of epistemic injustice as a dysfunctional subversion of epistemic roles of hearer and speaker due to the operation of prejudicial identity stereotypes.


id: fpq-9395
author: Tremain, Shelley Lynn
date: 2020-09-01
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 9622
sentence: 408
flesch: 33
cache: cache/fpq-9395.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-9395.txt
title:
  Field Notes on the Naturalization and Denaturalization of Disability in (Feminist) Philosophy: What They Do and How They Do It

summary:
  In the schema of the PhilPapers database, that is, feminist philosophy of disability is represented as on par with “topics” in feminist philosophy such as “Autonomy” and “Identity Politics” rather than represented as on par with and in relationship with other subjecting apparatuses in a more comprehensive superior category of “Philosophy of Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Disability.” Problematization of Disability in Feminist Philosophy and Feminist Bioethics One might think that the ongoing problematization and naturalization of disability in feminist philosophy is puzzling given the concerted effort that feminist philosophers and theorists have expended to denaturalize and de-biologize other categories of identity and subjection, with feminist epistemologists and feminist philosophers of science articulating some of the most powerful arguments designed to denaturalize sex and gender.


id: fpq-7299
author: Narayan, Uma
title: Sisterhood and "Doing Good": Asymmetries of Western Feminist Location, Access and Orbits of Concern
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 27
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11991
sentence: 431
flesch: 44
cache: cache/fpq-7299.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7299.txt
summary:
  Non-Western countries, especially the smaller and poorer ones, are full of Western subjects working for aid agencies, agencies that range from the official aid agencies of Western states (such as USAID) to a huge variety of private NGOs that receive Western (private and state) funding. Non-Western feminists’ “orbit of concern” is thus confined to patriarchal practices in their own contexts and perhaps to occasional countering of Western feminist misconceptions about non-Western contexts—a pattern evident in a great deal of feminist discourse and exemplified in the case of Amina.


id: fpq-7316
author: Crapo, Ruthanne; Cahill, Ann J; Jacquart, Melissa
title: Bearing the Brunt of Structural Inequality: Ontological Labor in the Academy
date: 2020-03-24
pages: 28
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11739
sentence: 552
flesch: 45
cache: cache/fpq-7316.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7316.txt
summary:
  As Ahmed acknowledges in her analysis, this work is undervalued in the institutional reward mechanisms, and for those who undertake such labor it can feel like one is banging their head against a brick wall (135). Such labor, we hold, requires a closer look and a more detailed analysis.


id: fpq-7574
author: McAuliffe, Jana
title: Ethical Openness in the Work of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
date: 2020-06-15
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11436
sentence: 532
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-7574.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7574.txt
summary:
  Translated by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. I conclude that Spivak’s work demonstrates that ethics calls for a reconsideration of the subject who theorizes, suggesting that racially privileged feminists must be able to confront their own McAuliffe – Ethical Openness in the Work of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak Published by Scholarship@Western, 2020 3 complicity as part of the work of political critique that actively confronts and contests racism.


id: fpq-7312
author: Leboeuf, Céline
title: Anatomy of the Thigh Gap
date: 2019-03-30
pages: 23
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10405
sentence: 488
flesch: 57
cache: cache/fpq-7312.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7312.txt
summary:
  This is a result of the angle in which the photos, mostly selfies, are taken: the images focus on thigh gap, while the face recedes into the background. Put simply, the aim of this movement is to “reclaim” the body from a culture that only values certain bodies as “worthy and beautiful.


id: fpq-9346
author: Norlock, Kathryn J
title: Acknowledgements of Referees for Volumes 1 through 5
date: 2019-12-21
pages: 3
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 427
sentence: 5
flesch: -5
cache: cache/fpq-9346.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-9346.txt
summary:
  Carol Hay Lisa Heldke Feminist Philosophy Quarterly, 2019, Vol. 5, Iss. 4 2 Barbara Herman Cressida Heyes Catherine Hundleby Grayson Hunt Katrina Hutchison Violetta Igneski Tracy Isaacs Sherri Irvin Ada Jaarsma Carrie Jenkins Katharine Jenkins Heather Keith Daniel Kelly Elselijn Kingma Joshua Knobe Christine Koggell Rebecca Kukla Sarah LaChance Adams Ann Levey Hallie Liberto Maureen Linker Heidi Lockwood Helen Longino Colin Macleod Alex Madva Hans Maes Ishani Maitra Patricia Marino Lori Marso Rebecca Mason Simon May Emily McGill-Rutherford Aidan McGlynn Mary McGowan Robin McKenna Carolyn McLeod Jose Medina Diana Meyers Mari Mikkola Sarah Clark Miller Kristie Miller Monica Mookherjee Sarah Moss Amy Mullin Mark Navin Mariana Ortega Christine Overall Julinna Oxley Shelley Park Robert Piercey Gaile Pohlhaus Jr. Nancy Potter Linda Radzik Amy Reed-Sandoval Todd Reeser Alison Reiheld Kristin Rodier Sarah Roe Phyllis Rooney Jill Rusin Ruth Sample Jennifer Saul Naomi Scheman Lisa Schwartzman Liam Shields Alexis Shotwell Laurie Shrage Daniel Silvermint Lissa Skitolsky Robert Stainton Edward Stein James Sterba Natalie Stoljar Shari Stone-Mediatore Robert Strikwerda Arthur Sullivan Shannon Sullivan Anita Superson Jennifer Szende Bonnie Talbert Erin Tarver Feminist Philosophy Quarterly, 2019, Vol. 5, Iss. 4 3 Chloe Taylor Serife Tekin Lisa Tessman Yannik Thiem Laurence Thomas Lynne Tirrell Joan Feminist Philosophy Quarterly, 2019, Vol. 5, Iss. 4 1 Acknowledging our Referees for the first five volumes of Feminist Philosophy Quarterly In honor of the close of our fifth year as an open-access, peer-reviewed, triply anonymous journal, the editors express sincere gratitude to all those who have refereed for Feminist Philosophy Quarterly for these first five years.


id: fpq-7938
author: Smith, Rebecca Hannah
title: The Morality of Resisting Oppression
date: 2020-12-14
pages: 26
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11754
sentence: 465
flesch: 45
cache: cache/fpq-7938.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7938.txt
summary:
  For example, Thomas Hill (1973) has argued that a failure to value one’s moral rights is a violation of a duty to oneself, while Daniel Silvermint (2013, 406) Smith – Morality of Resisting Oppression Published by Scholarship@Western, 2020 3 has argued that individuals have moral duties towards their own well-being, and under conditions of oppression these duties entail resistance to that mistreatment. Much of this seems to match Kant’s own characterisation of the absolute nature of moral duty and the possibility of conflicts between moral obligations.


id: fpq-3110
author: Bhandary, Asha L
title: The Arrow of Care Map: Abstract Care in Ideal Theory
date: 2017-12-20
pages: 53
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 22875
sentence: 1274
flesch: 57
cache: cache/fpq-3110.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-3110.txt
summary:
  This framework, which I call the arrow of care map, is a descriptive tracking model that is a necessary component of a theory of justice, but it is not a normative prescription in itself. In this way, the idea of the arrow of care map serves as a conceptual frame with which to identify societies’ caregiving arrangements.


id: fpq-8162
author: Anderson, Derek
title: Linguistic Hijacking
date: 2020-09-01
pages: 30
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12493
sentence: 675
flesch: 49
cache: cache/fpq-8162.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8162.txt
summary:
  In this way, the reactionary community leads itself to stop thinking falsely about racism and believe only truths about a gerrymandered set of facts that excludes facts about racial oppression, white privilege, or any other aspects of true racism. I consider an objection alleging the semantic corruption model gets the semantic data wrong because it entails those who hijack terms like “racist” speak truly, whereas it’s natural to see such hijacking misuses as false speech about racism.


id: fpq-7289
author: Catala, Amandine
title: Multicultural Literacy, Epistemic Injustice, and White Ignorance
date: 2019-07-25
pages: 24
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 10277
sentence: 402
flesch: 38
cache: cache/fpq-7289.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-7289.txt
summary:
  Moreover, much like form- based hermeneutical injustice (excluding nondominant expressive styles) produces content-based hermeneutical injustice (excluding alternative understandings of a given social experience or situation), subjective ignorance (involving inadequate cognitive-epistemic norms, such as self-obliviousness and dehistoricization) Feminist Philosophy Quarterly, 2019, Vol. 5, Iss. 2, Article 4 Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 18 produces objective ignorance (involving inadequate understandings of the social world, such as the understanding that Black Pete is not racism). Article 4. 2019 Multicultural Literacy, Epistemic Injustice, and White Ignorance Amandine Catala Université du Québec à Montréal amandine.catala@gmail.com Catala – Multicultural Literacy, Epistemic Injustice, and White Ignorance Published by Scholarship@Western, 2019 1 Multicultural Literacy, Epistemic Injustice, and White Ignorance1 Amandine Catala Abstract The traditional blackface character Black Pete has been at the center of an intense controversy in the Netherlands, with most black citizens denouncing the tradition as racist and most white citizens endorsing it as harmless fun.


id: fpq-8063
author: Huget, Hailey
title: Care Workers on Strike
date: 2020-03-24
pages: 29
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 12317
sentence: 611
flesch: 58
cache: cache/fpq-8063.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8063.txt
summary:
  If we want to say that such criticisms of care worker strikes are unwarranted (as I do), one way to do so would be to categorically deny that striking care workers are doing anything bad or wrong. However, I argue that we should place blame for said moral failures not upon striking care workers themselves but upon employers and others responsible for creating the decision contexts in which care workers must morally fail.


id: fpq-8437
author: Protasi, Sara
title: Teaching Ancient Women Philosophers: A Case Study
date: 2020-09-01
pages: 27
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 11221
sentence: 577
flesch: 56
cache: cache/fpq-8437.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8437.txt
summary:
  Keywords: women philosophers, ancient female philosophers, Greek philosophy, Greek women, teaching ancient philosophy, teaching women philosophers, Hypatia, Diotima, neo-Pythagorean women I am sure this is not an exhaustive list of ancient women philosophers who are being discovered, or rediscovered.


id: fpq-8302
author: Ichikawa, Jonathan Jenkins
title: Presupposition and Consent
date: 2020-12-14
pages: 33
extension: .pdf
mime: application/pdf
words: 13818
sentence: 734
flesch: 60
cache: cache/fpq-8302.pdf
txt: txt/fpq-8302.txt
summary:
  So unless and until the language changes completely, such that the presupposition is gone altogether, one expects the invocation of consent language as a general norm about 37 In addition to the more central reservations given in the main text, I also worry that it is somewhat ad hoc, requiring a sui generis notion of sexual consent, divorced from the more general notion of consent. Consent language, I have argued, requires that one is doing something at someone else’s behest; since there can be permissible sex that doesn’t involve one person yielding to another’s request—the kind of sex where consent language won’t even come up—we cannot maintain that consent is necessary for ethical sex.


# url

id: fpq-16602
domain: www.abcactionnews.com
url:
  https://www.abcactionnews.com/news/local-news/iteam-investigates/crisis-in-corrections/prison-town-economies-suffer-dueto-florida-corrections-crisis


id: fpq-14295
domain: amp.theguardian.com
url:
  https://amp.theguardian.com/technology/2020/dec/11/youtubeislamophobia-christchurch-shooter-hate-speech


id: fpq-3035
domain: williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu
url:
  http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/trends-in-publicsupport-for-same-sex-marriage-2004-2014.pdf


id: fpq-3035
domain: williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu
url:
  http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/trends-in-public-support-for-same-sex-marriage-2004-2014.pdf


id: fpq-3035
domain: hrc-assets.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com
url:
  http://hrc-assets.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/files/assets/resources/allys-guide-issues-facing-lgbt-americans-dec2012.pdf


id: fpq-3035
domain: www.people-press.org
url:
  http://www.people-press.org/2015/06/08/section-2-knowing-gaysand-lesbians-religious-conflicts-beliefs-about-homosexuality/


id: fpq-3035
domain: www.people-press.org
url:
  http://www.people-press.org/2015/06/08/section-2-knowing-gays-and-lesbians-religious-conflicts-beliefs-about-homosexuality


id: fpq-3035
domain: www.thetaskforce.org
url:
  http://www.thetaskforce.org/static_html/downloads/reports/reports/homelessyouth_executivesummary.pdf


id: fpq-3035
domain: www.vatican.va
url:
  http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_198%2061001_homosexual-persons_en.html


id: fpq-3035
domain: www.vatican.va
url:
  http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19751229_persona-humana_en.html


id: fpq-3035
domain: www.usccb.org
url:
  http://www.usccb.org/about/doctrine/publications/homosexual-inclinationguidelines-table-of-contents.cfm


id: fpq-2996
domain: www.nationalpartnership.org
url:
  http://www.nationalpartnership.org/research-library/work-family/fmla/dolfmla-survey-key-findings-2012.pdf


id: fpq-2996
domain: www.nationalpartnership.org
url:
  http://www.nationalpartnership.org/research-library/workfamily/paid-leave/paid-leave-good-for-business.pdf


id: fpq-2996
domain: impactethics.ca
url:
  http://impactethics.ca/2013/09/30/a-zero-sum-game-a-consideration-ofdependency-workers-and-dependent-elderly-persons/


id: fpq-2996
domain: www.nationalpartnership.org
url:
  http://www.nationalpartnership.org/research-library/work-family/paid-leave/paid-leave-good-for-business.pdf


id: fpq-14264
domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
  https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/aug/19/sorry-to-bother-you-is-this-the-most-anti-capitalist-film-ever


id: fpq-13518
domain: www.dailymail.co.uk
url:
  https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article8112841/our-13-year-old-brainwashed-thinking-shes-transgender.html


id: fpq-13518
domain: autisticadvocacy.org
url:
  https://autisticadvocacy.org/wpcontent/uploads/2016/06/joint_statement_trans_autistic_gnc_people.pdf


id: fpq-13518
domain: awnnetwork.org
url:
  https://awnnetwork.org/awncondemns-jk-rowlings-anti-trans-and-ableist-comments-against-transwomen-autistic-trans-youth-and-other-trans-people


id: fpq-13518
domain: slate.com
url:
  https://slate.com/humaninterest/2018/08/rapid-onset-gender-dysphoria-study-criticism-is-notcensorship-its-good-science.html


id: fpq-13518
domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
  https://www.theguardian.com/uknews/2020/dec/06/keira-bell-lawyer-warns-on-internet-coverage-oftransgender-issues


id: fpq-13518
domain: genderanalysis.net
url:
  https://genderanalysis.net/2018/08/meet-the-unbiased-reliable-not-at-alltransphobic-parents-from-the-rapid-onset-gender-dysphoria-study


id: fpq-13518
domain: genderanalysis.net
url:
  https://genderanalysis.net/2018/08/rapid-onset-gender-dysphoriastudy-omits-historical-context-of-transgender-narratives-and-medicalgatekeeping


id: fpq-13518
domain: genderanalysis.net
url:
  https://genderanalysis.net/2018/09/what-the-rapidonset-gender-dysphoria-study-missed-timing-of-identity-development-anddisclosure-in-lgbt-youth


id: fpq-13518
domain: www.dailymail.co.uk
url:
  https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7526655/schoolchildrenidentifying-transgender-just-rebellious-former-headmistress-warns.html


id: fpq-13518
domain: www.edweek.org
url:
  https://www.edweek.org/policypolitics/8-states-debate-bills-to-restrict-how-teachers-discuss-racismsexism/2021/04


id: fpq-13518
domain: juliaserano.medium.com
url:
  https://juliaserano.medium.com/mass-psychogenic-illness-the-latest-makebelieve-cause-of-transgender-identity-2ad9c838b92


id: fpq-13518
domain: 4thwavenow.com
url:
  https://4thwavenow.com/2016/02/29/tumblr-snags-another-girl-buther-therapist-mom-knows-a-thing-or-two-about-social-contagion


id: fpq-13518
domain: slate.com
url:
  https://slate.com/human-interest/2017/09/transyouth-clinics-are-seeing-more-trans-boys-than-before-why.html


id: fpq-14275
domain: heinonline.org
url:
  https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/calr104&section=25&casa_token=uyeq2kz2somaaaaa:h7mrqyckwr-fra9e8mm8xc0gb114twj_d87sr5lg8ucgkyw6mxy4wepju0pkriprwu7-acikhg


id: fpq-14275
domain: heinonline.org
url:
  https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/glj108&section=26&casa_token=pwtsi-fvvkqaaaaa:utbz8eqnsxzoz8jej5gikoxyf8qnkajcji2fbcnutgng5ixsqpiiguev9ncpaedfcyqkgqhbva


id: fpq-14275
domain: ailaws.org
url:
  https://ailaws.org/en/2018/10/from-algorithmic-discrimination-to-algorithmicfairness-dr-philipp-hacker-ll-m/


id: fpq-14275
domain: ai-laws.org
url:
  https://ai-laws.org/en/2018/10/from-algorithmic-discrimination-to-algorithmic-fairness-dr-philipp-hacker-ll-m


id: fpq-14275
domain: heinonline.org
url:
  https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/valr106&section=20&casa_token=1h7cp9oe3gmaaaaa:2ffhu42d-bf0apspnntgzzzyvrsj2bvln0fenm-cosj1zhtjri1tfezfybdonpp3zwqg4eswwa


id: fpq-14275
domain: heinonline.org
url:
  https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/duklr68&section=33&casa_token=n2t3qqzjpwuaaaaa:m3a5593jtt0iww6tl5lbnj9ansevxkyaxxuwloe7nomjhurciivyej4ern33aoym8ttt5-lxba


id: fpq-14275
domain: heinonline.org
url:
  https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/ilr105&section=35&casa_token=noanczdb780aaaaa:0p_ybzie3cw_8c43mcdi8nrlvpgkad-vpigbgmuawsihx31ka1edpvltuxiik9rh4jksttuf6q


id: fpq-10836
domain: www.nytimes.com
url:
  https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/02/magazine/weight-watchersoprah-losing-it-in-the-anti-dieting-age.html


id: fpq-3002
domain: www.nytimes.com
url:
  http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/27/science/earth/greenhouse-gasemissions-are-growing-and-growing-more-dangerous-draft-of-un-reportsays.html


id: fpq-3002
domain: www.wsj.com
url:
  http://www.wsj.com/articles/foreign-adoptions-by-americans-drop-tolowest-level-since-1982-1427837631


id: fpq-14565
domain: www.albawaba.com
url:
  https://www.albawaba.com/editors-choice/i-am-not-here-be-fk-politemona-eltahawy-does-not-mince-words-when-it-comes-smashing


id: fpq-14565
domain: www.cbc.ca
url:
  https://www.cbc.ca/radio/outintheopen/i-want-patriarchy-to-fear-womenmona-eltahawy-says-the-time-for-being-civil-peaceful-and-polite-is-over1.5296597


id: fpq-14565
domain: www.pbs.org
url:
  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/black-americans-and-womencontinue-to-face-discrimination-in-skilled-trades


id: fpq-14347
domain: www.google.com
url:
  https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1c5chfa_entw879tw879&sxsrf=aliczsy9v1udyclzfswwur9xyfmiqzy8xq:1667791007355&q=bas+van+fraassen&stick=h4siaaaaaaaaaopge-lsz9u3mevlyc2jv-iesu2qsiqttgsyk630k_lzs_xlizjlsllz4svzi7ktektlmvklfrekocuwk5ql5im4fsumfhen5u1gzdzfzstbaabaw3ovugaaaa&sa=x&ved=2ahukewjn9rxujzv7ahwaqfuhhteudm4qmxmoahoecgkqag


id: fpq-10646
domain: www.dissentmagazine.org
url:
  https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/collective-power-of-me-tooorganizing-justice-patriarchy-class


id: fpq-10850
domain: www.motherjones.com
url:
  https://www.motherjones.com/food/2018/09/carnivorism-zero-carbjordan-peterson-mikhaila-shawn-baker-andrew-torba-alt-right/


id: fpq-2990
domain: articles.baltimoresun.com
url:
  http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2014-01-09/features/bs-gm-katie-couriclaverne-cox-offensive-transgender-question-20140109_1_katie-couriccarmen-carrera-trans-people>


id: fpq-14273
domain: metro.co.uk
url:
  https://metro.co.uk/2015/07/05/there-was-a-robot-sexscene-in-humans-and-everyone-freaked-out-5281711/


id: fpq-14273
domain: www.adweek.com
url:
  https://www.adweek.com/creativity/thesecreepy-ads-synthetic-humans-have-britain-all-freaked-out-164721/


id: fpq-14291
domain: blavity.com
url:
  https://blavity.com/new-study-finds-black-teens-face-racial-discrimination-5-times-a-day-on-average?category1=news


id: fpq-14291
domain: www.forbes.com
url:
  https://www.forbes.com/sites/kalevleetaru/2019/06/19/doinstagrams-ads-reinforce-harmful-stereotypes/?sh=7173c171c488


id: fpq-14291
domain: www.seattletimes.com
url:
  https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/amazons-algorithmspromote-extremist-misinformation-report-says/


id: fpq-14291
domain: www.wsj.com
url:
  https://www.wsj.com/articles/social-media-algorithms-rule-how-we-seethe-world-good-luck-trying-to-stop-them-11610884800


id: fpq-14191
domain: www.fda.gov
url:
  https://www.fda.gov/news-events/pressannouncements/fda-permits-marketing-artificial-intelligence-based-devicedetect-certain-diabetes-related-eye


id: fpq-10726
domain: www.dailymail.co.uk
url:
  https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6766263/ex-olympic-swimmer-sharrondavies-says-transgender-athletes-banned-womens-sport.html)


id: fpq-10726
domain: www.metroweekly.com
url:
  https://www.metroweekly.com/2019/11/majority-ofamericans-oppose-transgender-athletes-in-womens-sports-poll-finds/)


id: fpq-10726
domain: www.hrw.org
url:
  https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/countrychapters/africa-americas-asia-europe/central-asia-middle-east/north-0#)


id: fpq-10726
domain: thewellesleynews.com
url:
  https://thewellesleynews.com/2018/03/07/transgender-wrestler-raises-questionsabout-fairness-and-equality/)


id: fpq-3488
domain: goodmenproject.com
url:
  https://goodmenproject.com/featuredcontent/answering-the-call-white-people-showing-up-for-racial-justicehesaid/


id: fpq-5898
domain: theanarchistlibrary.org
url:
  https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alyson-escalante-addendum-to-gendernihilism-an-anti-manifesto


id: fpq-5898
domain: news.bloomberglaw.com
url:
  https://news.bloomberglaw.com/dailylabor-report/justice-department-says-transgender-discrimination-is-lawful


id: fpq-3071
domain: articles.chicagotribune.com
url:
  http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-05-30/news/9906030177_1_sexualharassment-databases-journalism-ethics


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
  https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/oct/17/gloria-steinem-activistinterview-memoir-my-life-on-the-road


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/09/29/our-infantmortality-rate-is-a-national-embarrassment/?utm_term=.ee01ac4dde1f


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/a-so-called-victory-shows-howthe-supreme-court-will-kill-roe-v-wade/2019/02/08/9229852a-2bd3-11e9b2fc721718903bfc_story.html?utm_term=.59d237000517&wpisrc=nl_most


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.wsj.com
url:
  https://www.wsj.com/articles/rural-americas-childbirth-crisis-the-fight-tosave-whitney-brown-1502462523


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.ncsl.org
url:
  http://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/womenslegislative-network/women-in-state-legislatures-for-2017.aspx


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/04/24/whypregnant-women-in-mississippi-keep-dying/?utm_term=.314db21e231d


id: fpq-5433
domain: www.pbs.org
url:
  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/why-are-black-mothers-and-infantsfar-more-likely-to-die-in-u-s-from-pregnancy-related-causes


id: fpq-5775
domain: www.migrationsverket.se
url:
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id: fpq-5775
domain: www.bamf.de
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id: fpq-5775
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id: fpq-5775
domain: sweref.org
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id: fpq-5775
domain: www.unhcr.org
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domain: www.unhcr.org
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domain: www.adl.org
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id: fpq-3482
domain: www.dailymail.co.uk
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domain: www.nytimes.com
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domain: leiterreports.typepad.com
url:
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domain: kieranhealy.org
url:
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domain: www.theguardian.com
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domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
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domain: opcentral.org
url:
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url:
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id: fpq-3104
domain: fitisafeministissue.com
url:
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domain: thecrimereport.org
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domain: www.theglobeandmail.com
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domain: slate.com
url:
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domain: www.theatlantic.com
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domain: www.nytimes.com
url:
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domain: simplysociology.wordpress.com
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id: fpq-14294
domain: qz.com
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domain: slate.com
url:
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domain: indiancountrymedianetwork.com
url:
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domain: www.altmuslimah.com
url:
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domain: www.altmuslimah.com
url:
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id: fpq-3101
domain: www.southampton.ac.uk
url:
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id: fpq-3113
domain: www.npr.org
url:
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id: fpq-3080
domain: www.adweek.com
url:
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id: fpq-3080
domain: www.independent.co.uk
url:
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id: fpq-3080
domain: www.independent.co.uk
url:
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id: fpq-3080
domain: www.transadvocate.com
url:
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domain: www.yesmagazine.org
url:
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domain: www.timeshighereducation.co.uk
url:
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domain: peasoup.typepad.com
url:
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id: fpq-7311
domain: www.nih.gov
url:
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id: fpq-7311
domain: www.nih.gov
url:
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id: fpq-7311
domain: archive.jsonline.com
url:
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domain: www.nationalgeographic.com
url:
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id: fpq-7311
domain: www.nationalgeographic.com
url:
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id: fpq-9395
domain: www.npr.org
url:
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id: fpq-6308
domain: policy-practice.oxfam.org.uk
url:
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id: fpq-3062
domain: www.prisonstudies.org
url:
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id: fpq-5424
domain: www.npr.org
url:
  https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwoway/2017/06/19/533514196/the-slants-win-supreme-court-battle-overbands-name-in-trademark-dispute


id: fpq-5424
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
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id: fpq-7285
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
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id: fpq-6234
domain: www.humanrights.gov.au
url:
  https://www.humanrights.gov.au/our-work/aboriginal-and-torres-straitislander-social-justice/publications/know-your-rights


id: fpq-6234
domain: www.smh.com.au
url:
  https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/coalition-backs-pauline-hanson-sit-s-ok-to-be-white-motion-20181015-p509tw.html


id: fpq-6234
domain: www.abc.net.au
url:
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id: fpq-6234
domain: www.theguardian.com
url:
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id: fpq-6234
domain: www.smh.com.au
url:
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id: fpq-6234
domain: www.theaustralian.com.au
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domain: www.businessinsider.com.au
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id: fpq-7316
domain: www.thefacultylounge.org
url:
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domain: sites.udel.edu
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id: fpq-7316
domain: chroniclevitae.com
url:
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id: fpq-8063
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
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domain: www.washingtonpost.com
url:
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id: fpq-8063
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url:
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id: fpq-8063
domain: www.burlingtonfreepress.com
url:
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id: fpq-8063
domain: www.newyorker.com
url:
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id: fpq-8063
domain: wchstv.com
url:
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domain: www.mayoclinic.org
url:
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id: fpq-5772
domain: thehill.com
url:
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id: fpq-5772
domain: thehill.com
url:
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domain: www.washingtonpost.com
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id: fpq-5772
domain: www.washingtonpost.com
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id: fpq-7299
domain: www.telegraph.co.uk
url:
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domain: www.theguardian.com
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domain: www.aclu.org
url:
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id: fpq-2987
sid: 38
eid: 5
type: ORG
entity:
  parent(in(such(a(situation.(but(in(the(case(of(surrogacy,(many(of(us,(anyway,(will( have(strong(intuitive(reason(to(think(in(a(way(that(seems(to(fly(in(the(face(of( gheaus’s(proposal.(in(surrogacy,(a(woman(gestates(a(child(for(another(parent


id: fpq-2987
sid: 83
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  gheaus,(anca.(2012.("the(right(to(parent(one's(biological(baby*."(journal$of$political$ philosophy(20(4):(432g455.


id: fpq-2987
sid: 88
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  liao,(s.(matthew.(2014.(“[insert(title(of(talk].”(paper(presented(at(family(ethics:( partiality(revisited,(berne,(switzerland,(january(24.


id: fpq-14273
sid: 79
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:pepper_the_robot.jpg https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode


id: fpq-14273
sid: 96
eid: 1
type: NORP
entity:
  https://www.flickr.com/photos/markgregory/15859743985/in/photostream/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/legalcode


id: fpq-14273
sid: 184
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.flickr.com/photos/93779577@n00/with/19192887631/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode


id: fpq-14273
sid: 549
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://metro.co.uk/2015/07/05/there-was-a-robot-sexscene-in-humans-and-everyone-freaked-out-5281711/.


id: fpq-14273
sid: 582
eid: 1
type: GPE
entity:
  https://www.adweek.com/creativity/thesecreepy-ads-synthetic-humans-have-britain-all-freaked-out-164721/.


id: fpq-14292
sid: 562
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/01/theshallowness-of-google-translate/551570/. hu


id: fpq-10850
sid: 441
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.motherjones.com/food/2018/09/carnivorism-zero-carbjordan-peterson-mikhaila-shawn-baker-andrew-torba-alt-right/. plumwood


id: fpq-10609
sid: 508
eid: 1
type: GPE
entity:
  https://web.archive.org/web/20110930132053/http://erikalust.blogspot.co m/2007/11/cant-feminist-enjoy-blowjob.html


id: fpq-15643
sid: 6
eid: 3
type: ORG
entity:
  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-1589 university of waterloo carla.fehr@uwaterloo.ca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-1589


id: fpq-3488
sid: 116
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://goodmenproject.com/featuredcontent/answering-the-call-white-people-showing-up-for-racial-justicehesaid/. fanon


id: fpq-14291
sid: 344
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://news.mit.edu/2017/explained-neural-networks-deep-learning-0414 https://www.wired.com/story/inside-black-box-of-neural-network/


id: fpq-14191
sid: 28
eid: 1
type: PRODUCT
entity:
  https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/t7wb0/?noauthor=1 https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/brgn/?noauthor=1 lin


id: fpq-14191
sid: 119
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/u2dca https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/uirfb/?locator=11 https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/m1vsr


id: fpq-14191
sid: 138
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/rdtl9 https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/rdtl9 https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/thzbr https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/xrizf lin


id: fpq-14191
sid: 174
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/2nioc+tuktm https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/ygju2 https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/aixaa https://paperpile.com/c/ocfy4e/4sv0u


id: fpq-10726
sid: 225
eid: 12
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6766263/ex-olympic-swimmer-sharrondavies-says-transgender-athletes-banned-womens-sport.html


id: fpq-10726
sid: 254
eid: 7
type: DATE
entity:
  weekly, november 15, 2019, https://www.metroweekly.com/2019/11/majority-ofamericans-oppose-transgender-athletes-in-womens-sports-poll-finds/


id: fpq-10726
sid: 298
eid: 3
type: DATE
entity:
  march 7, 2018 https://thewellesleynews.com/2018/03/07/transgender-wrestler-raises-questionsabout-fairness-and-equality/


id: fpq-5433
sid: 439
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/a-so-called-victory-shows-howthe-supreme-court-will-kill-roe-v-wade/2019/02/08/9229852a-2bd3-11e9b2fc721718903bfc_story.html?utm_term=.59d237000517&wpisrc=nl_most &wpmm=1


id: fpq-7283
sid: 439
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315212043.ch1 http://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315212043.ch1 jaggar


id: fpq-3104
sid: 643
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://web.archive.org/web/20140304030411/http:/thesocietypages.org/socimages/2014/02/20/gillette-stymied-by-beards-heads-south/


id: fpq-3104
sid: 644
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://web.archive.org/web/20140304030411/http:/thesocietypages.org/socimages/2014/02/20/gillette-stymied-by-beards-heads-south/ feminist


id: fpq-8030
sid: 41
eid: 6
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/10/11/how-social-mediausers-have-discussed-sexual-harassment-since-metoo-went-viral/.


id: fpq-3056
sid: 447
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://www.altmuslimah.com/2014/11/muslim-feminists-respond-thehypocrisy-of-the-male-centric-narrative/. kukla


id: fpq-3056
sid: 452
eid: 7
type: GPE
entity:
  http://www.altmuslimah.com/2014/11/muslim-feminists-respond-the-hypocrisy-of-the-male-centric-narrative/


id: fpq-5784
sid: 406
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgi-bin/independentvoices?a=d&d=caefjjj19791201.1.9&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txin-why+women+do+not+report+sexual+assault--------------1 http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgi-bin/independentvoices?a=d&d=caefjjj19791201.1.9&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txin-why+women+do+not+report+sexual+assault--------------1 http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgi-bin/independentvoices?a=d&d=caefjjj19791201.1.9&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txin-why+women+do+not+report+sexual+assault--------------1 http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgi-bin/independentvoices?a=d&d=caefjjj19791201.1.9&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txin-why+women+do+not+report+sexual+assault--------------1


id: fpq-5784
sid: 500
eid: 1
type: GPE
entity:
  https://rainn.org/get-information/statistics/reporting-rates https://rainn.org/get-information/statistics/reporting-rates http://rapecrisis.org.uk/statistics.php


id: fpq-3113
sid: 398
eid: 2
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/03/18/392860281/alarming-number-of-women-think-spousal-abuse-is-sometimes-ok http://economics.mit.edu/files/5993


id: fpq-3101
sid: 446
eid: 5
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.southampton.ac.uk/assets/imported/transforms/content-block/usefuldownloads_download/e13065820b804133816196d2a525e89b/kingma%20bump%20erc_stg_2015%20b2final.pdf http://www.southampton.ac.uk/assets/imported/transforms/content-block/usefuldownloads_download/e13065820b804133816196d2a525e89b/kingma%20bump%20erc_stg_2015%20b2final.pdf http://www.southampton.ac.uk/assets/imported/transforms/content-block/usefuldownloads_download/e13065820b804133816196d2a525e89b/kingma%20bump%20erc_stg_2015%20b2final.pdf


id: fpq-14294
sid: 410
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://qz.com/911681/we-testedapples-siri-amazon-echos-alexamicrosoftscortana-and-googlesgoogle-home-to-see-which-personalassistant-botsstand-up-for-themselvesin-the-face-of-sexual-harassment/. gustavsson


id: fpq-3107
sid: 468
eid: 1
type: QUANTITY
entity:
  4 https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fpq/vol3/iss4/4 https://www.elon.edu/e/admissions/undergraduate/first-year-class-profile.html


id: fpq-3083
sid: 340
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://indiancountrymedianetwork.com/news/politics/president-barackobamas-vawa-law-signing-spotlights-native-women-warriors/.


id: fpq-5775
sid: 12
eid: 2
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://www.unrefugees.org/what-is-a-refugee/. http://www.unrefugees.org/what-is-a-refugee/ feminist philosophy


id: fpq-5775
sid: 48
eid: 6
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://www.unrefugees.org/what-is-a-refugee/ http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/1951-refugee-convention.html


id: fpq-5775
sid: 326
eid: 1
type: PRODUCT
entity:
  https://www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/publications/comprehensive-literature-review-of-global-public-policy-creating-a-framework-for-understanding-global-refugee-policy https://www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/publications/comprehensive-literature-review-of-global-public-policy-creating-a-framework-for-understanding-global-refugee-policy https://www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/publications/comprehensive-literature-review-of-global-public-policy-creating-a-framework-for-understanding-global-refugee-policy


id: fpq-5775
sid: 457
eid: 2
type: GPE
entity:
  http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/statistics/unhcrstats/551128679/asylum-levels-trends-industrialized-countries-2014.html http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/statistics/unhcrstats/551128679/asylum-levels-trends-industrialized-countries-2014.html http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/statistics/unhcrstats/576408cd7/unhcr-global-trends-2015.html http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/statistics/unhcrstats/576408cd7/unhcr-global-trends-2015.html


id: fpq-3080
sid: 78
eid: 12
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.adweek.com/creativity/men-read-mean-tweets-about-femalesportswriters-and-are-shocked-how-dark-it-gets-171064/. 4


id: fpq-3080
sid: 288
eid: 1
type: CARDINAL
entity:
  http://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/oct/14/sexist-stereotypes-front-pages-newspapers http://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/oct/14/sexist-stereotypes-front-pages-newspapers


id: fpq-6231
sid: 390
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/13/metoo-foundertarana-burke-focus-on-survivors-not-/. phillips


id: fpq-7311
sid: 470
eid: 2
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.guttmacher.org/print/state-policy/explore/substance-use-during-pregnancy https://www.guttmacher.org/print/state-policy/explore/substance-use-during-pregnancy https://www.guttmacher.org/print/state-policy/explore/substance-use-during-pregnancy https://www.guttmacher.org/print/state-policy/explore/substance-use-during-pregnancy https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol20/iss1/4


id: fpq-7311
sid: 586
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-andculture/food/the-plate/2015/03/19/eat-this-not-that-taboos-andpregnancy/. williams


id: fpq-3125
sid: 514
eid: 3
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://quinnae.com/2014/01/03/words-words-words-on-toxicity-and-abuse-in-online-activism/ http://quinnae.com/2014/01/03/words-words-words-on-toxicity-and-abuse-in-online-activism/ hooks


id: fpq-6210
sid: 380
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://southerncalifornialawreview.com/2005/09/04/negotiating-sexarticle-by-michelle-j-anderson/. bazelon


id: fpq-6210
sid: 424
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/06/raisins-hotelscorporate-personhood-supreme-court/396773/. griggs


id: fpq-9395
sid: 206
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https:// biopoliticalphilosophy.com/2019/06/19/dialogues-on-disability-shelleytremain-interviews-tommy-curry/. davis


id: fpq-9395
sid: 311
eid: 3
type: PERSON
entity:
  uppingtheanti.org/journal/article/11-normalization-and-its-discontents-aninterview-with-ladelle-mcwhorter


id: fpq-9395
sid: 405
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/phineasgage-neurosciences-most-famous-patient-11390067/. widdows


id: fpq-7316
sid: 330
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://dailynous.com/2018/05/30/tablesspeak-existence-trans-philosophy-guest-talia-mae-bettcher/. kim


id: fpq-7316
sid: 423
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://sites.udel.edu/csd/2014/03/03/perils-and-prospects-of-disclosingdisability-identity-in-higher-education/. kezar


id: fpq-7312
sid: 490
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.livestrong.com/article/1012082-filling-thigh-gaps/ https://www.livestrong.com/article/1012082-filling-thigh-gaps/


id: fpq-3062
sid: 590
eid: 4
type: ORG
entity:
  http://www.colorlines.com/articles/masked-racism-reflections-prison-industrial-complex http://www.colorlines.com/articles/masked-racism-reflections-prison-industrial-complex http://www.blackandpink.org/wp-content/uploads/g5_toward_transformative_justice-1.pdf http://www.blackandpink.org/wp-content/uploads/g5_toward_transformative_justice-1.pdf goldstein


id: fpq-6234
sid: 326
eid: 1
type: GPE
entity:
  https://www.humanrights.gov.au/our-work/aboriginal-and-torres-straitislander-social-justice/publications/know-your-rights.


id: fpq-8390
sid: 449
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  https://quillette.com/2018/10/19/consent-isnteverything-and-sex-is-not-like-tea/. suny (state university of new york


id: fpq-3479
sid: 457
eid: 1
type: LOC
entity:
  https://simplysociology.wordpress.com/2013/10/29/swimming-ordrowning-in-the-data-ocean-thoughts-on-the-metaphors-of-big-data/. mackenzie


id: fpq-8063
sid: 384
eid: 4
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/education/wp/2018/04/09/betsydevos-to-oklahoma-teachers-serve-the-students/. balu


id: fpq-8063
sid: 564
eid: 3
type: PERSON
entity:
  https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/09/home-health-careworkers-wages/502016/. papazian


id: fpq-7299
sid: 111
eid: 7
type: GPE
entity:
  https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/9547162/probe-over-millions-spent-onforeign-aid-consultants.html


id: fpq-5772
sid: 686
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  http://thehill.com/homenews/senate/318466-sen-udall-reads-coretta-scott-king-letter-on-senate-floor-after-warren http://thehill.com/homenews/senate/318466-sen-udall-reads-coretta-scott-king-letter-on-senate-floor-after-warren


id: fpq-8437
sid: 551
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  https:// blog.apaonline.org/2019/05/22/the-epistemic-case-for-the-genuinediversification-of-academic-philosophy/. sara protasi


# pos

id: fpq-14275
sid: 334
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://ailaws.org/en/2018/10/from-algorithmic-discrimination-to-algorithmicfairness-dr-philipp-hacker-ll-m/.

lemma:
  https://ailaws.org/en/2018/10/from-algorithmic-discrimination-to-algorithmicfairness-dr-philipp-hacker-ll-m/.


id: fpq-14275
sid: 351
tid: 2
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://ai-laws.org/en/2018/10/from-algorithmic-discrimination-to-algorithmic-fairness-dr-philipp-hacker-ll-m/

lemma:
  https://ai-laws.org/en/2018/10/from-algorithmic-discrimination-to-algorithmic-fairness-dr-philipp-hacker-ll-m/


id: fpq-2996
sid: 510
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://impactethics.ca/2013/09/30/a-zero-sum-game-a-consideration-ofdependency-workers-and-dependent-elderly-persons/.

lemma:
  http://impactethics.ca/2013/09/30/a-zero-sum-game-a-consideration-ofdependency-workers-and-dependent-elderly-persons/.


id: fpq-14264
sid: 356
tid: 2
pos: PROPN
token:
  sey.com/featured-insights/artificial-intelligence/notes-from-the-ai-frontiermodeling-the-impact-of-ai-on-the-world-economy

lemma:
  sey.com/featured-insights/artificial-intelligence/notes-from-the-ai-frontiermodeling-the-impact-of-ai-on-the-world-economy


id: fpq-3035
sid: 460
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://www.people-press.org/2015/06/08/section-2-knowing-gaysand-lesbians-religious-conflicts-beliefs-about-homosexuality/.

lemma:
  http://www.people-press.org/2015/06/08/section-2-knowing-gaysand-lesbians-religious-conflicts-beliefs-about-homosexuality/.


id: fpq-13518
sid: 502
tid: 2
pos: PROPN
token:
  ian.com/commentisfree/2018/oct/22/rapid-onset-gender-dysphoria-is-apoisonous-lie-used-to-discredit-trans-people

lemma:
  ian.com/commentisfree/2018/oct/22/rapid-onset-gender-dysphoria-is-apoisonous-lie-used-to-discredit-trans-people


id: fpq-13518
sid: 601
tid: 1
pos: VERB
token:
  https://genderanalysis.net/2018/08/rapid-onset-gender-dysphoriastudy-omits-historical-context-of-transgender-narratives-and-medicalgatekeeping

lemma:
  https://genderanalysis.net/2018/08/rapid-onset-gender-dysphoriastudy-omits-historical-context-of-transgender-narratives-and-medicalgatekeepe


id: fpq-13518
sid: 837
tid: 2
pos: ADJ
token:
  ingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/05/20/feminists-want-us-todefine-these-ugly-sexual-encounters-as-rape-dont-let-them/.

lemma:
  ingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/05/20/feminists-want-us-todefine-these-ugly-sexual-encounters-as-rape-dont-let-them/.


id: fpq-2990
sid: 377
tid: 2
pos: X
token:
  http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2014-01-09/features/bs-gm-katie-couriclaverne-cox-offensive-transgender-question-20140109_1_katie-couriccarmen-carrera-trans-people

lemma:
  http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2014-01-09/features/bs-gm-katie-couriclaverne-cox-offensive-transgender-question-20140109_1_katie-couriccarmen-carrera-trans-people


id: fpq-14565
sid: 546
tid: 2
pos: PROPN
token:
  times.com/culture/books/mona-eltahawy-i-m-serious-about-womenfighting-back-i-want-patriarchy-to-fear-us-1.4533032

lemma:
  times.com/culture/books/mona-eltahawy-i-m-serious-about-womenfighting-back-i-want-patriarchy-to-fear-us-1.4533032


id: fpq-14565
sid: 569
tid: 1
pos: NOUN
token:
  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/black-americans-and-womencontinue-to-face-discrimination-in-skilled-trades

lemma:
  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/black-americans-and-womencontinue-to-face-discrimination-in-skilled-trade


id: fpq-10850
sid: 441
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.motherjones.com/food/2018/09/carnivorism-zero-carbjordan-peterson-mikhaila-shawn-baker-andrew-torba-alt-right/.

lemma:
  https://www.motherjones.com/food/2018/09/carnivorism-zero-carbjordan-peterson-mikhaila-shawn-baker-andrew-torba-alt-right/.


id: fpq-3488
sid: 116
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://goodmenproject.com/featuredcontent/answering-the-call-white-people-showing-up-for-racial-justicehesaid/.

lemma:
  https://goodmenproject.com/featuredcontent/answering-the-call-white-people-showing-up-for-racial-justicehesaid/.


id: fpq-14291
sid: 298
tid: 16
pos: NOUN
token:
  https://blavity.com/new-study-finds-black-teens-face-racial-discrimination-5-times-a-day-on-average?category1=news

lemma:
  https://blavity.com/new-study-finds-black-teens-face-racial-discrimination-5-times-a-day-on-average?category1=new


id: fpq-14291
sid: 506
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/amazons-algorithmspromote-extremist-misinformation-report-says/.

lemma:
  https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/amazons-algorithmspromote-extremist-misinformation-report-says/.


id: fpq-10726
sid: 225
tid: 46
pos: PROPN
token:
  womansplaceuk.org/2019/12/03/sex-based-discrimination-an-interview-withbritish-olympic-swimmer-sharron-davies/

lemma:
  womansplaceuk.org/2019/12/03/sex-based-discrimination-an-interview-withbritish-olympic-swimmer-sharron-davies/


id: fpq-10726
sid: 254
tid: 107
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.metroweekly.com/2019/11/majority-ofamericans-oppose-transgender-athletes-in-womens-sports-poll-finds/

lemma:
  https://www.metroweekly.com/2019/11/majority-ofamericans-oppose-transgender-athletes-in-womens-sports-poll-finds/


id: fpq-10726
sid: 257
tid: 37
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/countrychapters/africa-americas-asia-europe/central-asia-middle-east/north-0

lemma:
  https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/countrychapters/africa-americas-asia-europe/central-asia-middle-east/north-0


id: fpq-10726
sid: 298
tid: 23
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://thewellesleynews.com/2018/03/07/transgender-wrestler-raises-questionsabout-fairness-and-equality/

lemma:
  https://thewellesleynews.com/2018/03/07/transgender-wrestler-raises-questionsabout-fairness-and-equality/


id: fpq-5433
sid: 507
tid: 1
pos: NOUN
token:
  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/why-are-black-mothers-and-infantsfar-more-likely-to-die-in-u-s-from-pregnancy-related-causes

lemma:
  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/why-are-black-mothers-and-infantsfar-more-likely-to-die-in-u-s-from-pregnancy-related-cause


id: fpq-3104
sid: 502
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://fitisafeministissue.com/2013/01/31/she-may-look-healthy-but-whyfitness-models-arent-models-of-health/.

lemma:
  http://fitisafeministissue.com/2013/01/31/she-may-look-healthy-but-whyfitness-models-arent-models-of-health/.


id: fpq-3104
sid: 505
tid: 5
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://fitisafeministissue.com/2013/01/31/she-may-look-healthy-but-why-fitness-models-arent-models-of-health/

lemma:
  http://fitisafeministissue.com/2013/01/31/she-may-look-healthy-but-why-fitness-models-arent-models-of-health/


id: fpq-8030
sid: 18
tid: 11
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://thecrimereport.org/2018/06/05/breaking-silence-muslimwomen-speak-out-about-years-of-sexual-abuse/.

lemma:
  https://thecrimereport.org/2018/06/05/breaking-silence-muslimwomen-speak-out-about-years-of-sexual-abuse/.


id: fpq-8030
sid: 20
tid: 20
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/06/13/sarahmcbride-gay-survivors-helped-launch-me-too-but-rates-lgbt-abuse-largelyoverlooked/692094002/.

lemma:
  https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/06/13/sarahmcbride-gay-survivors-helped-launch-me-too-but-rates-lgbt-abuse-largelyoverlooked/692094002/.


id: fpq-8030
sid: 35
tid: 72
pos: NOUN
token:
  https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/fromaggressive-overtures-to-sexual-assault-harvey-weinsteins-accusers-tell-theirstories

lemma:
  https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/fromaggressive-overtures-to-sexual-assault-harvey-weinsteins-accusers-tell-theirstorie


id: fpq-8030
sid: 311
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/investigations/unfounded-sexualassault-canada-main/article33891309/.

lemma:
  http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/investigations/unfounded-sexualassault-canada-main/article33891309/.


id: fpq-5784
sid: 368
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgibin/independentvoices?a=d&d=caefjjj19791201.1.9&srpos=1&e=------en-20--1--txt-txin-why+women+do+not+report+sexual+assault-------------1

lemma:
  http://voices.revealdigital.com/cgibin/independentvoices?a=d&d=caefjjj19791201.1.9&srpos=1&e=------en-20--1--txt-txin-why+women+do+not+report+sexual+assault-------------1


id: fpq-3056
sid: 447
tid: 1
pos: ADP
token:
  http://www.altmuslimah.com/2014/11/muslim-feminists-respond-thehypocrisy-of-the-male-centric-narrative/.

lemma:
  http://www.altmuslimah.com/2014/11/muslim-feminists-respond-thehypocrisy-of-the-male-centric-narrative/.


id: fpq-14294
sid: 410
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://qz.com/911681/we-testedapples-siri-amazon-echos-alexamicrosoftscortana-and-googlesgoogle-home-to-see-which-personalassistant-botsstand-up-for-themselvesin-the-face-of-sexual-harassment/.

lemma:
  https://qz.com/911681/we-testedapples-siri-amazon-echos-alexamicrosoftscortana-and-googlesgoogle-home-to-see-which-personalassistant-botsstand-up-for-themselvesin-the-face-of-sexual-harassment/.


id: fpq-3080
sid: 78
tid: 78
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://www.adweek.com/creativity/men-read-mean-tweets-about-femalesportswriters-and-are-shocked-how-dark-it-gets-171064/.

lemma:
  http://www.adweek.com/creativity/men-read-mean-tweets-about-femalesportswriters-and-are-shocked-how-dark-it-gets-171064/.


id: fpq-6231
sid: 390
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/13/metoo-foundertarana-burke-focus-on-survivors-not-/.

lemma:
  https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/13/metoo-foundertarana-burke-focus-on-survivors-not-/.


id: fpq-7311
sid: 586
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-andculture/food/the-plate/2015/03/19/eat-this-not-that-taboos-andpregnancy/.

lemma:
  https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-andculture/food/the-plate/2015/03/19/eat-this-not-that-taboos-andpregnancy/.


id: fpq-7311
sid: 602
tid: 1
pos: VERB
token:
  https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-and-culture/food/the-plate/2015/03/19/eat-this-not-that-taboos-and-pregnancy/

lemma:
  https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-and-culture/food/the-plate/2015/03/19/eat-this-not-that-taboos-and-pregnancy/


id: fpq-6210
sid: 424
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/06/raisins-hotelscorporate-personhood-supreme-court/396773/.

lemma:
  https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/06/raisins-hotelscorporate-personhood-supreme-court/396773/.


id: fpq-7290
sid: 561
tid: 12
pos: PROPN
token:
  http://opcentral.org/resources/2015/01/12/sandra-m-schneiders-theeffects-of-womens-experience-on-their-spirituality/.

lemma:
  http://opcentral.org/resources/2015/01/12/sandra-m-schneiders-theeffects-of-womens-experience-on-their-spirituality/.


id: fpq-9395
sid: 206
tid: 2
pos: PROPN
token:
  biopoliticalphilosophy.com/2019/06/19/dialogues-on-disability-shelleytremain-interviews-tommy-curry/.

lemma:
  biopoliticalphilosophy.com/2019/06/19/dialogues-on-disability-shelleytremain-interviews-tommy-curry/.


id: fpq-7316
sid: 423
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://sites.udel.edu/csd/2014/03/03/perils-and-prospects-of-disclosingdisability-identity-in-higher-education/.

lemma:
  https://sites.udel.edu/csd/2014/03/03/perils-and-prospects-of-disclosingdisability-identity-in-higher-education/.


id: fpq-3479
sid: 457
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://simplysociology.wordpress.com/2013/10/29/swimming-ordrowning-in-the-data-ocean-thoughts-on-the-metaphors-of-big-data/.

lemma:
  https://simplysociology.wordpress.com/2013/10/29/swimming-ordrowning-in-the-data-ocean-thoughts-on-the-metaphors-of-big-data/.


id: fpq-8063
sid: 384
tid: 11
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/education/wp/2018/04/09/betsydevos-to-oklahoma-teachers-serve-the-students/.

lemma:
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/education/wp/2018/04/09/betsydevos-to-oklahoma-teachers-serve-the-students/.


id: fpq-8063
sid: 413
tid: 1
pos: NOUN
token:
  http://labornotes.org/blogs/2013/04/kaiser-adds-staff-after-mental-healthworkers-expose-long-patient-waits

lemma:
  http://labornotes.org/blogs/2013/04/kaiser-adds-staff-after-mental-healthworkers-expose-long-patient-wait


id: fpq-8063
sid: 425
tid: 1
pos: ADJ
token:
  https://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/story/news/2018/07/16/nursesstrikes-nurses-feeling-overworked-across-country/783587002/.

lemma:
  https://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/story/news/2018/07/16/nursesstrikes-nurses-feeling-overworked-across-country/783587002/.


id: fpq-7299
sid: 193
tid: 7
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://www.theguardian.com/global-developmentprofessionals-network/2017/jan/14/aid-in-reverse-how-poor-countries-developrich-countries

lemma:
  https://www.theguardian.com/global-developmentprofessionals-network/2017/jan/14/aid-in-reverse-how-poor-countries-developrich-countries


id: fpq-8437
sid: 372
tid: 1
pos: PROPN
token:
  https://blog.apaonline.org/2016/05/11/the-diotima-problem-womenphilosophers-in-classical-antiquity/.

lemma:
  https://blog.apaonline.org/2016/05/11/the-diotima-problem-womenphilosophers-in-classical-antiquity/.


id: fpq-8437
sid: 551
tid: 2
pos: PROPN
token:
  blog.apaonline.org/2019/05/22/the-epistemic-case-for-the-genuinediversification-of-academic-philosophy/.

lemma:
  blog.apaonline.org/2019/05/22/the-epistemic-case-for-the-genuinediversification-of-academic-philosophy/.


