fennia: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called fennia.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

Development; People; Fennia; Geography; Areas; City; Social; Work; Policy; Data; Finnish; Place; Area; Planning; Time; Tourism; Urban; Forest; Space; National; Knowledge; Change; European; Population; Climate; Community; State; Landscape; Use; Actors; Studies; Human; Society; Education; Helsinki; Paper; Water; Communities; Home; World; Spaces; Science; Environmental; Children; Students; Process; Pandemic; War; Species; Russian; Gill; River; Language; Experiences; Lake; Vegetation; Participants; Refugee; Sea; Accountability; Discourse; Karelia; Articles; Methods; Universities; Refstie; Material; Qualitative; Roser; Https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.8914; Https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.8922; Urn

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• The urbanization of poverty: rethinking the production of unjust geographies by Vives-Miró, Sònia; Vives-Miró, Sònia (2022) - Second, with social poverty, I refer to those spaces that, from an intersectional perspective, constitute spaces without class, race, and gender privileges. In this context, the production of spaces of social poverty is associated mainly, although not only, with spaces of, for example, lower class, racialized, and gendered oppression. Keywords: capital; city; development; experience; harvey; justice; lefebvre; new; poverty; production; social; spaces; urban; urbanization
• Spaces of the forest-based bioeconomy in Finnish Lapland and Catalonia: practitioners, narratives and forgotten spatialities by Morales, Diana; Diana Morales (2022) - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2009.00691.x Wolfslehner, B., Linser, S., Pülzl, H., Bastrup-Birk, A., Camia, A. & Marchetti, M. (2016) Forest bioeconomy – a new scope for sustainability indicators. Hence, there is a need to understand how local and regional practitioners apply bioeconomy strategies to grasp how those are expressed in different regional contexts. Keywords: bioeconomy; catalonia; development; economic; european; forest; growth; industrial; innovation; interview; lapland; narratives; practitioners; regional; strategies
• Cardiff and the contentious landscapes of postindustrial, urban, and transnational memory work by Rhodes, Mark; Rhodes, Mark (2022) - Despite many works of art throughout the entire city, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff City Centre, and Cardiff Civic Center (Cathays Park) each house several of these nationally-focused works of public art. https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.113124 Since Cardiff became the Welsh capital in 1955 and the subsequent referendum placed the new Welsh Assembly Government in Cardiff Bay, the city’s grasp on a Welsh national narrative has only intensified. Keywords: art; bay; butetown; capital; cardiff; cardiff bay; centre; city; community; development; fennia; history; identity; landscape; memorial; memory; national; new; people; street; university; wales; welsh; work
• Earth, wind and fire: island energy landscapes of the Anthropocene by Huijbens, Edward; Benediktsson, Karl; Huijbens, Edward (2022) - Earth, wind and fire: island energy landscapes of the Anthropocene URN: NBN:fi:tsv-oa113455 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.113455 Earth, wind and fire: island energy landscapes of the Anthropocene EDWARD H. HUIJBENS AND KARL BENEDIKTSSON Huijbens, E. H. & Benediktsson, K. (2021) Earth, wind and fire: island energy landscapes of the Anthropocene. Keywords: anthropocene; climate; development; dutch; earth; electricity; energy; future; iceland; imaginaries; island; landscapes; netherlands; new; north; power; sea; use; wind; wind energy
• Reconfiguring research relevance – steps towards salvaging the radical potential of the co-productive turn in searching for sustainable solutions by Refstie, Hilde; Refstie, Hilde (2022) - Bakewell, O. (2008) Research beyond the categories: the importance of policy irrelevant research into forced migration. As citizen science is mainstreamed, it may thus become submerged in the same co-production dynamics that are present in fast policymaking and where fast research becomes a component. Keywords: action; city; development; fennia; knowledge; new; policy; policymaking; politics; production; relevance; research; researchers; science; solutions; sustainability; university
• Everyday materialities, territorial bordering, and place-identity defined by recent administrative reform: reactions from Estonian dispersed ruralities by Kasemets, Kadri; Nugin, Raili; Kasemets, Kadri (2023) - However, the study also indicates that the distribution of rural municipalities into municipality districts can jeopardise local coherence and socio-cultural sustainability. Here, social capital is defined as ‘social materiality’, as certain type of ‘class space’ (Marsden et al. 2003), or ‘soft infrastructure’ (Barraket et al. 2019), which forms an important part in the construction of local communities (Scott et al. 2017). Keywords: area; borders; capital; community; development; district; governance; identity; mobilities; municipalities; municipality; people; place; reform; rural; urban; village
• Mapping spatio-temporal variations of shrinkage in Finland by Makkonen, Teemu; Inkinen, Tommi; Rautiainen, Simo; Makkonen, Teemu (2023) - Indeed, the number of shrinking regions according to employment statistics is almost negligible in the short run, in contrast to population shrinkage. The paper emphasises the volatile nature of mapping shrinkage based on these three underlying (and necessary) choices in the designation of shrinking regions: 1) chosen indicator(s), 2) spatial scale and 3) analysis period. Keywords: analysis; areas; data; development; employment; finland; growth; housing; paper; period; planning; population; regions; scales; shrinkage; shrinking; urban
• Multiple meanings and boundaries of growth in shrinking regions in East and North Finland by Halonen, Maija; Halonen, Maija (2023) - They largely repeat typically favourable forms of regional growth, such as turnover and tax revenue. Meta-analysis of the impact of European Union Structural Funds on regional growth. Keywords: actors; boundaries; development; economy; finland; frame; framing; green; growth; innovation; policy; population; regions; resources; shrinkage; shrinking
• Planning to meet challenges in shrinking rural regions. Towards innovative approaches to local planning by Hagen, Aksel; Higdem, Ulla; Overvåg, Kjell; Higdem, Ulla (2023) - However, no major research and development projects on local planning, including the role of politicians and political parties, in shrinking rural regions in Norway have been undertaken. It is crucial, therefore, both to develop knowledge of why local planning in Norway disregards shrinkage as well as the consequences this has for planning and the future of rural societies, and to develop theories, concepts and models for more suitable knowledge-based and innovative local planning that can meet this complex societal challenge. Keywords: development; growth; higdem; innlandet; municipalities; municipality; norway; planning; policy; politicians; population; services; shrinkage; shrinking; societal
• Contested planning efforts for the revitalization of small town centres in Finland by Albrecht, Moritz; Kortelainen, Jarmo; Albrecht, Moritz (2023) - Contested planning efforts for the revitalization of small town centres in Finland URN: NBN:fi:tsv-oa119852 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.119852 Contested planning efforts for the revitalization of small town centres in Finland MORITZ ALBRECHT AND JARMO KORTELAINEN Albrecht, M. & Kortelainen, J. (2022) Contested planning efforts for the revitalization of small town centres in Finland. Keywords: albrecht; area; centre; decline; development; downtown; kortelainen; making; new; pedestrian; place; planning; plans; revitalization; shrinkage; shrinking; spaces; street; towns; urban
• Spillover, sponge or something else? Dismantling expectations for rural development resulting from giga-investments in Northern Sweden by Lundmark, Linda; Carson, Doris; Eimermann, Marco (2023) - Dismantling expectations for rural development resulting from giga-investments in Northern Sweden URN: Dismantling expectations for rural development resulting from giga-investments in Northern Sweden LINDA LUNDMARK, DORIS ANNA CARSON AND MARCO EIMERMANN Lundmark, L., Carson, D. A. & Eimermann, M. (2022) Spillover, sponge or something else? Keywords: areas; carson; development; eimermann; green; growth; hotspots; infrastructure; investments; labour; lundmark; migration; municipalities; northern; regional; rural; spillover; sweden; tourism
• What can geographers do for shrinking geographies? by Syssner, Josefina; Syssner, Josefina (2023) - The digitalised place At times, shrinking rural areas are depicted as potential temporary places of residence for digital nomads, or as more permanent homes for distance-working individuals, utilising a wide range of digitalised public and commercial services. The report also points to the need for a broadening of goals – beyond economic growth – in shrinking rural areas, goals that also address issues such as inclusion, spatial justice, and well-being (ibid.). Keywords: areas; cities; decline; development; et al; fennia; geographers; geography; growth; human; international; pallagst; place; planning; policy; population; research; shrinkage; shrinking; studies; syssner; urban
• An overview of the Nordic Battery Belt: an emerging network for cooperation within the Nordic battery cluster by Okonkwo, Ejike; Okonkwo, Ejike (2022) - Keywords: battery industry, regional energy transitions, cooperation, network, Nordic Battery Belt (NBB) Okonkwo Ejike (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4622-5785), School of Management, University of Vaasa, Finland. Within the Nordic context, three countries comprising Norway, Sweden, and Finland, are experiencing a surge in battery industries (Löfmarck et al. 2022, 3). Keywords: actors; battery; battery cluster; battery industry; challenges; cluster; connectivity; cooperation; development; energy; et al; industry; nbb; network; process; region; role; transport
• Community resilience: a useful concept for declining Icelandic communities? by Kokorsch, Matthias; Kokorsch, Matthias (2023) - Resilience and Icelandic community development Reconsidering the definition of Amundsen (2012) that was applied to the Icelandic case before, it provides almost everything that is needed for a descriptive approach to community resilience. Community resilience: a useful concept for declining Icelandic communities? Keywords: communities; community; development; iceland; kokorsch; regional; resilience
• Towards more locally aware resource governance? – commentary to Albrecht and colleagues by Lempinen, Hanna; Lempinen, Hanna (2023) - The associated experiences of deep injustice also still echo in the background also in societal debates revolving around other resource development projects in the contemporary North. Keywords: environmental governance, resource development, just transition, hydropower, energyscape Hanna Lempinen (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-8544), Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Finland. Keywords: albrecht; development; energy; governance; hydropower; lempinen; projects; resource; social
• Disability, rurality and spatial competence: on the importance of embodied knowledge and supportive contexts by Stenbacka, Susanne; Stenbacka, Susanne (2024) - Short distances within the municipality mean that it is easy to meet up with friends and participate in social activities. These structures are also implicitly present in narratives on excursions, outdoor activities or social contexts initiated or supported by the public sector or civil society. Keywords: activities; competence; development; disability; environment; experiences; individuals; knowledge; life; material; people; place; rural; social; space; support; welfare
• Relying on LEADER? A place-based policy approach to the rural development of Finnish municipalities by Mustakangas, Ella; Mustakangas, Ella (2024) - The interviews focused on five topics: the municipality's development potential; villages and cooperation with them; the municipality's rural development work; the municipal strategy and its use in rural development; and rural development projects. The development policy of a shrinking municipality Shrinkage is often the result of long-term depopulation, which in Finland characterises the development of rural municipalities in particular (Makkonen et al. 2022). Keywords: analysis; areas; communities; data; development; development policy; explanations; finland; leader; municipalities; municipality; place; policy; projects; realism; research; role; villages
• A world-leading periphery: exploring representations of Northern Sweden in view of its green transition by Persson, Hannah; Dymitrow, Mirek; Dymitrow, Mirek (2024) - Keywords: green transition, peripheralization, development, Norrland, Northern Sweden, urban-rural Hannah Persson, (https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8315-259X), Department of Human Geography, Lund University, Sweden. Through industrialization, the vast natural resources of Northern Sweden would become a crucial contribution to the construction of the modern country, providing wealth for all of Sweden and thus rendering Norrland a ‘national Klondike’ (Sörlin 2023). Keywords: dagens; development; discourse; fennia; future; green; material; narrative; norrland; northern; nyheter; periphery; processes; region; representations; social; space; sweden; swedish; transition; understanding; world
• Reviewing research on regional development in the AI era: new there(s), new actors, and an old call “from cluster to process” by Hautala, Johanna ; Hautala, Johanna (2024) - https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811331 Lu, R., Zheng, F., Ma, S. & Yang, R. (2024) Unpacking the inverted U-shape between regional AI and business performance. Silicon Valley is repeatedly mentioned as the globally leading region in AI development, even as the “cradle of digital revolution” (Lazzeretti et al. 2020, 1620). Keywords: actors; articles; development; economic; et al; geography; innovation; knowledge; new; regions; research; studies
• Receipts for a healthy nature: Exploring municipal officials’ framings of biodiversity and human-environmental relationships in Sweden by Singleton, Benedict; Singleton, Benedict (2024) - https://doi.org/10.1080/10304310802452487 Arcari, P., Probyn-Rapsey, F. & Singer, H. (2020) Where species don’t meet: invisibilized animals, urban nature and city limits. This makes extant urban nature very important. Keywords: biodiversity; city; development; environment; example; human; municipalities; nature; people; planning; protection; pálsson; relationships; respondents; society; stad; swedish; urban; value
• From accounting to accountability: social and relational accountability among civic humanitarian actors in Uganda by Viga, Emmanuel; Refstie, Hilde; Viga, Emmanuel (2025) - Keywords: humanitarian accountability, Socialising and relational forms of accountability, Civic humanitarian actors, South Sudanese refugees, Localisation agenda Emmanuel Viga (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1291-4382), Hilde Refstie (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7772-4419), Department of Geography and Social Anthropology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway. Ultimately, transforming humanitarian accountability involves confronting deeper questions about power — who holds it, how it is legitimised, and whose priorities it serves. Keywords: accountability; actors; community; development; fennia; forms; journal; leader; localisation; members; organisations; practices; public; refstie; refugee; relationships; research; socialising; south; trust; uganda; viga
• The localization of aid in protracted conflicts: rethinking the Triple Nexus through the grounded temporality of Syrian refugees by Gabiam, Nell; Gabiam, Nell (2025) - Noting the precarious position of local Syrian humanitarian actors in the global hierarchy of mobility, Samir explained that for us Syrians with a Syrian passport, we have very limited chances to be represented in international platforms. Thus, from an international aid perspective, local Syrian actors are valued primarily as actors who can help international organizations reach their goals but not as full-fledged partners whose own experiences, knowledge, and challenges are important to envisioning more effective aid assistance across the Triple Nexus. Keywords: actors; aid; assistance; cross; development; international; localization; nexus; ngos; organizations; refugees; syrian; turkey; war; work
• The double disadvantage of rural place-based policies by Lien, Stine; Higdem, Ulla; Lien, Stine (2025) - Acknowledging the large variations in regional preconditions and policy challenges in promoting innovation, competitiveness, and growth is a common point of departure for understanding place- based policy. jdeveco.2017.10.001 Šipikal, M., Szitásiová, V., Pisár, P. & Uramová, M. (2017) Spatially blind or place based policy? Keywords: areas; development; et al; growth; innovation; literature; local; place; policies; policy; regional; regions; review; rural; search; strategies; studies
• Objects of affection and competing images of the Swedish North: movements for and against ‘green’ investments and reindustrialization by Giritli Nygren, Katarina; Nyhlén, Sara; Giritli Nygren, Katarina (2024) - From a political standpoint, the new wave of green industrial projects is touted as a path to economic revitalization, with promises of job creation, population growth, and infrastructure development. Thus, the discourse of green industrialization often frames these communities as beneficiaries of the green transition while also referencing local industrial heritage as a point of continuity and cultural preservation. Keywords: affective; development; green; industrial; industrialization; national; northern; objects; power; projects; region; sites; sweden; swedish; torsboda; wind; ånge
• Discussions on locally-led humanitarian assistance amongst European INGOs and donors — shifting practices or challenging mental models? by Dzigurski, Sever; Horst, Cindy; Horst, Cindy (2025) - Mental models underlying ‘localization’ Examples of mental models that have driven Western societies for centuries are linear ideas of progress where societies are malleable and progress can be socially engineered; related Eurocentric understandings of the world in binary ‘developed’-‘underdeveloped’ oppositions; the transactional, profit-based logic of cost-benefit analyses; the rational actor theory that is based on the idea that individuals are rational decision makers that act according to self-interest (based on cost-benefit analysis); and hierarchies of knowledge that favour scientific data over other forms of knowing, academic over experiential and professional knowledges. While at present, discussions on locally-led approaches often separate the realm of mental models and practical operationalisations, we argue that there are elements that connect the two — with mental models impacting ideas about technical solutions and vice versa. Keywords: aid; debates; development; discussions; international; models; power; practices; system
• Reimagining humanitarianism: relational accountability in locally-led responses by Horst, Cindy; Refstie, Hilde; Brun, Cathrine; Alikhan, Mohideen Mohamed; Erdal, Marta Bivand; Jayatilaka, Danesh; Musa, Ahmed; Serwajja, Eria; Viga, Emmanuel; Horst, Cindy (2025) - Heidi Mogstad’s (2025) commentary to Vandevoordt builds on his argument that cultures of humanitarian accountability can be fostered in the absence of formal oversight and regulation. 366–374. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v8i4.3174 Mogstad, H. (2025) Humanitarian accountability in an age of impunity –commentary to Vandevoordt Fennia 203(1) 131–135. Keywords: accountability; actors; aid; assistance; development; fennia; forms; horst; humanitarianism; power; practices; refugee; relationships
• Antipodal paradoxes: reading power through the eye of the needle by Baidya, Patatri; Baidya, Patatri (2025) - Fennia 302(2) 246–252 https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.163785 A childhood observation from a rickshaw in Kolkata (where expensive cars traveled below crowded buses) revealed something troubling about how we understand spatial power. Keywords: Antipodal paradoxes; spatial power; inversional literacy; marginal perspectives; cultural geography Patatri Baidya (https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6126-309X), School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, India. Keywords: antipodal; communities; development; hand; power; water
• Restructuring and risk-reduction in mining: employment implications for northern Sweden by Knobblock, Erika Anna; Pettersson, Örjan (2010) - This gave rise to a global boom in mining activities, affecting mining areas all around the world. Employ- ment figures come from Statistics Sweden (SCB), whereas data regarding mining activities has been provided by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) and the Mining Inspectorate of Sweden (Bergstaten). Keywords: activities; companies; development; district; employment; gold; industry; mines; mining; mining industry; new; production; sector; sweden; time; västerbotten
• Mind maps of employment development in Swedish sparse regions by Wiberg, Ulf; Lind, Tommy (2011) - Sectors that have reached a mature status thus also contribute to high path dependen- cy. A much smaller proportion of the young respondents regarded this sector as important for regional development. Keywords: counties; development; economic; education; industry; manufacturing; people; r&d; respondents; share; sweden
• Preface: Development Geography by Käyhkö, Niina; Mäki, Sanna (2009) - When dealing with development research, it is fundamental to discuss about human capacity de- velopment as part of undertaking research, espe- cially when developing societies and their prob- lems are in focus. Thus, human capacity building should be extended into academic development research through shared research and teaching activities between partners involved. Keywords: development; forest; land; research; study
• The benefits and constraints of participation in forest management. The case of Taita Hills, Kenya by Himberg, Nina; Omoro, Loice; Pellikka, Petri; Luukkanen, Olavi (2009) - The benefits and constraints of participation in forest management. The benefits and constraints of participation in forest management. Keywords: activities; benefits; community; conservation; constraints; development; forest; forest management; forestry; government; hills; kenya; management; participation; participatory; people; resources; respondents; study; taita
• The development of specific locations into tourist attractions: cases from Northern Europe by Löytynoja, Tanja (2008) - The development of specific locations into tourist attractions: cases from Northern Europe TANJA LÖYTYNOJA Löytynoja, Tanja (2008). The transformation of specific locations into tourist attractions is approached through four cases in Northern Europe. Keywords: arctic; attraction; cape; centre; circle; development; finland; location; monument; north; north cape; place; point; sacralization; sight; tourist
• Resources and barriers in tourism development: cross-border cooperation, regionalization and destination building at the Finnish-Swedish border by Prokkola, Eeva-Kaisa (2008) - Moreover, cross-border tourism development in this rural northern region is critically discussed in terms of economically and socially sustainable de- velopment. In the case of the Arctic Circle network the fact that cross-border tourism development has relied on short-term INTERREG funding is shown to be par- ticularly problematic. Keywords: border; border regions; cooperation; council; destination; development; european; finland; finnish; municipalities; new; organizations; partnership; prokkola; regional; regions; state; swedish; tornio; tourism; tourism development; valley
• Increasing role of tourism in Finnish national parks by Puhakka, Riikka (2008) - Trends in park tourism: economics, finance and management. Measures for developing sustainability of nature tourism in protected areas. Keywords: areas; conservation; development; discourse; finland; finnish; national; nature; nature conservation; parks; puhakka; role; tourism
• Towards a Nordic competition state? Politico-economic transformation of statehood in Finland, 1965–2005 by Moisio, Sami; Leppänen, Laura (2007) - Philip Cerny (1990: 205–231) invented the con- cept of the competition state to illustrate how the forms of state economic policies were changing in an attempt to respond to and achieve better con- trol over the increasing international interpenetra- tion. We regard state investments in this paper as in- struments which tell us something crucial about the changing interaction between a state and its territory. Keywords: 1970s; brenner; competition state; competitiveness; development; economic; finland; investments; menoarvioesitys; new; policies; regions; state; state budgets; state strategies; territory; tuloja; tuloja menoarvioesitys; valtion; valtion tuloja; welfare state
• Preface by Inkinen, Tommi; Schmidt-Thomé, Kaisa (2007) - As our studies illustrate, geographical domains of innovation systems, cross-border co-operation and regional development zones have had an in- creasing impact on regional studies and economic geography during recent decades. These topics are connected to ongoing Preface discussions of regional economic growth. Keywords: development; issue
• Technology foresight in scalar innovation systems: a spatiotemporal process perspective by Ahlqvist, Toni; Inkinen, Tommi (2007) - Our study suggests that the main geographical dimensions of spatially scaling innovation systems include: • Recognition of spatial scale as an elemental part of innovation production • The local as the basis of innovation creation • Spatial interlinkages between levels of ad- ministrations (International law–EU directives FENNIA 185: 1 (2007) 13Technology foresight in scalar innovation systems: a … and policy–national law and governance–re- gional governance–local governance) • The international level as the field of compe- tition including market potentials, collabora- tion networks and global finance • National and regional scales tend to lose their importance in the current development to- wards global and local levels Our research examples show that geographical scaling brings forth new research problems and approaches for the development of innovation systems. Keywords: development; foresight; ict; innovation; innovation systems; international; knowledge; level; national; process; project; research; scale; scaling; systems; technological
• Regionality, innovation policy and peripheral regions in Finland, Sweden and Norway by Suorsa, Katri (2007) - Innovation policy documents in the studied countries The material regarding national innovation poli- cies in Finland, Sweden and Norway is varied in terms of their specific purpose. Regionality in innovation policy documents When considering regionality, innovation policy documents in Finland, Sweden and Norway dealt mainly with the same themes (Table 4). Keywords: activities; actors; development; documents; education; european; finland; innovation; innovation policy; northern; norway; policies; policy; regions; research; statistics; sweden
• Regional development zones in Finland: territorial cohesion and competitiveness by Jauhiainen, Jussi S.; Harvio, Susanna; Luukkonen, Juho; Moilanen, Helka (2007) - Regional development zones in Finland: territorial cohesion and competitive- ness. This article analyses regional development zones (RDZs). Keywords: actors; areas; centres; cohesion; development; european; finland; networks; ouka; planning; proximity; rdzs; regional; regions; spatial; union; zones
• Dynamics of job creation, restructuring and industrialisation in rural Finland by Tykkyläinen, Markku (2006) - The notion of path dependence has been pro- posed to enrich our understanding of the capacity of regions and rural areas to adjust to restructuring (Boschma & Lambooy 1999), although it has usu- ally been applied to studies dealing with the prob- lems of old industrial regions and transitional economies. From a rural perspective, however, the crucial issue is what the impacts of such a nationwide path creation proc- ess may be for rural areas, given that it is not en- dogenous from the beginning. Keywords: areas; cent; country; development; employment; finland; growth; industrialisation; jobs; manufacturing; municipalities; policy; population; production; rural; sector
• Foreword by Kaskinen, Juha; Saarimaa, Riikka (2006) - The answers and solutions naturally vary from region to region, but in the globalised world, regions are surprisingly similar. The conference was partitioned into seven thematic sessions as fol- lows: • Innovation systems in the creative economy • Strategies for the globalising economy • Practical applications (case studies) • Theories of foresight and regional develop- ment • Foresight methods in regional development • Keywords: development; regions
• Integrating regional policy with technology policy – the experience of Finland by Häyrinen-Alestalo, Marja; Pelkonen, Antti; Teräväinen, Tuula; Waltari, Suvi-Tuuli (2006) - 24961_02_Hayrinen.pdf Integrating regional policy with technology policy – the experience of Finland MARJA HÄYRINEN-ALESTALO, ANTTI PELKONEN, TUULA TERÄVÄINEN AND SUVI-TUULI WALTARI Häyrinen-Alestalo, Marja, Antti Pelkonen, Tuula Teräväinen & Suvi-Tuuli Waltari (2006). Integrating regional policy with technology policy – the experience of Finland. Keywords: centres; development; economy; expertise; expertise programme; finland; government; knowledge; ministry; new; policy; programme; regions; state; technology policy
• The future of Murmansk Oblast assessed by three Delphi panels by Myllylä, Yrjö (2006) - SCEN 1 SCEN 1 A SCEN 1 B SCEN 1 C SCEN 2 SCEN 3 Murmansk panel, all respondents Murmansk panel, council 1, representatives of the existing clusters Murmansk panel, council 2, representatives of the rising clusters Murmansk panel, council 3, independent respondents Moscow panel International panel clusters clusters clusters clusters clusters clusters I Technological Development Log;En,ICT; Min. En,Min,Log;ICT;. Panels interview rounds and number of respondents: Murmansk panel consists of pilot interview (10 persons), Delphi-panel’s 1st round (25 persons), Delphi- panel’s 2nd round (19 respondents); Moscow-panel consists of Delphi-panel 2nd round interview (6 respondents) and inter- national panel consists of Delphi-panel 2nd round interview (17 respondents). Keywords: clusters; development; future; impact; logistical; murmansk; murmansk oblast; murmansk panel; oil; panel; pipe; scen; trends
• Application of futures methods in urban planning processes in Dublin by Krawczyk, Elzbieta; Ratcliffe, John (2006) - The organisation was seeking support for their initiative from the Dublin City Manager, the FENNIA 184: 1 (2006) 79Application of futures methods in urban planning processes in Dublin Tánaiste (Ireland’s Deputy Prime Minister), Dublin City Lord Mayor, Chambers of Commerce in the Dublin region, IBEC and other business organisa- tions. The question was for- mulated into: “What set of policy themes and key priority measures should be formulated to create a preferred vision for the Dublin City region in 2020?” Keywords: ballymun; city; community; development; dublin; dublin city; future; indicators; methods; planning; process; project; urban; vision
• The landscape of the Karelian Isthmus and its imagery since 1944 by Isachenko, Gregory A. (2004) - The main attention is given to the territory of Vyborg Karelia by which is meant the part of the Karelian Isthmus ceded to the Soviet Union in 1940. The new geographic names in Vyborg Karelia belong to three main categories: 1) in memory of soldiers and officers of Soviet Army killed on the Karelian Isthmus during 1941–1944: Keywords: area; development; finland; forest; imagery; isthmus; karelia; landscape; new; period; petersburg; population; region; soviet; territory; vyborg; vyborg karelia
• North-West Russia as a gateway in Russian energy geopolitics by Tykkyläinen, Markku (2003) - Geographical shifts of Russian energy production. The viability of the Russian energy cluster brings benefits both to the EU and to Russia, and the stability of Russian energy production bene- fits also the US economy. Keywords: 2002a; coal; companies; country; development; economy; electricity; energy; energy consumption; energy geopolitics; energy production; energy sector; european; finland; gas; gas production; iea; market; new; north; northern; nuclear; oil production; pipeline; power; russia; sea; siberia; soviet; transport; west russia; western
• Development of forest sector in the Arkhangelsk oblast during the transition period of the 1990s by Pashkevich, Albina (2003) - untitled Development of forest sector in the Arkhangelsk oblast during the transition period of the 1990s Development of forest sector in the Arkhangelsk oblast during the transition period of the 1990s. Keywords: arkhangelsk; arkhangelsk oblast; development; enterprises; forest; forest sector; oblast; paper; pashkevich; production; russia; sector; timber; transition; wood
• Mires of Finland: Regional and local controls of vegetation, landforms, and long-term dynamics by Seppä, Heikki (2002) - The outlines of this model are consistent with the traditional Finnish view according to which the spring and early summer floods are crucial for the formation of aapa mires. The occurrence of the decomposition changes or humification streaks does not bear unambigu- ous climatic signals in the Finnish raised bogs, but it is probable that the formation of microtopogra- phy on raised bogs and aapa mires is connected to mid-to-late Holocene climate changes. Keywords: aartolahti; bogs; changes; climate; development; fig; finland; finnish; growth; hollows; hummocks; mires; palsa; peat; ruuhijärvi; southern; sphagnum; surface; tolonen; types; vegetation; water
• Human touch, natural processes: The development of the rural cultural landscape in southern Finland from past to present by Maaranen, Päivi (2002) - Cultural landscapes are subject to change be- cause of the relationship between the natural en- vironment and human society. This is an unwelcome trend for the preservation of cultural landscapes. Keywords: age; agriculture; development; environment; fig; finland; landscape; maaranen; monuments; processes; sites; society; southern; study
• Populating Finland by Westerholm, John (2002) - This does not, however, solve the fundamental demographic problems that will tor- ment Finland in coming decades, if decisive measures to solve them are not taken. Statistics Finland predicts that the work force will be 370,000 persons smaller in 2030 than to- day’s 3.5 million persons. Keywords: areas; century; development; farms; fennia; fig; finland; growth; helsinki; jutikkala; number; percent; population; settlement; statistics; stv; suomen; sweden; today; war; westerholm; years
• Finnish districts and regional differentiation by Antikainen, Janne; Vartiainen, Perttu (2002) - Districts and the regionalisation process The feasibility of using the concept of district can also be justified within the context of urban change. Finnish districts and regional dif- ferentiation. Keywords: antikainen; development; districts; finland; finnish; growth; level; vartiainen
• The competitive advantage of regions and small economic areas. The case of Finland by Mikkonen, Kauko (2002) - The regional dimension of competitive advantage The combination of the above-mentioned econ- omic activities and locational factors of enter- prises answers the question of the interregional competitive advantage of Finnish regions and small economic areas. untitled The competitive advantage of regions and small economic areas: The case of Finland KAUKO MIKKONEN Mikkonen, Kauko (2002). Keywords: advantage; analysis; areas; development; factors; finland; mikkonen; prerequisites; regional; regions; success
• Regional and structural patterns of tourism in Finland by Vuoristo, Kai-Veikko (2002) - FENNIA 180: 1–2 (2002) 257Regional and structural patterns of tourism in Finland feared that winter tourism in South and Central Finland will be damaged. Thus, the significance of winter tourism so far fo- cuses on the smoothing effect on the seasonal var- iation. Keywords: country; destination; development; fig; finland; helsinki; region; tourism; tourists; vuoristo; winter
• Science policy and research in Finland by Husso, Kai; Raento, Pauliina (2002) - With in- creasing funds at its disposal, the Academy began to support university research. These centres are typically lo- cated near universities, public research institutes, and industrial and service businesses that rely on new research and technologies. Keywords: 1990s; business; countries; development; expenditure; finland; funding; oecd; percent; policy; r&d; research; science; technology; universities
• Spatial divergence of living standards during the economic growth phase in the periphery: A case study of North Karelia by Lehtonen, Olli; Tykkyläinen, Markku (2011) - NBN:fi:tsv-oa3849 Spatial divergence in living standards during an economic growth phase in the periphery: A case study of North Karelia OLLI LEHTONEN & MARKKU TYKKYLÄINEN Lehtonen, Olli & Markku Tykkyläinen (2011). This paper investigates how regional disparities in living standards continued to increase during the technology-driven growth phase of 1993−2003, as exemplified by the case of North Karelia in Finland. Keywords: areas; centre; changes; commuting; decline; development; distance; economic; finland; growth; joensuu; living standards; new; north; population; urban; zone
• Forest-related employment in the European North: current trends and future development by Lundmark, Linda (2005) - Since the forestry and forest related activities have gone from being highly dependent on labour for production to today being a capital intensive, efficient and modern industry, the productivity of each worker is much higher. Overall vulnerabilities in forestry and forest related economy. Keywords: activities; areas; change; climate; climate change; development; employment; forest; forestry; future; growth; increase; lappi; model; population; production; scenarios
• Cross-border collaboration in the North. Viewpoints of municipal representatives and firm managers on the Bothnian Arc project by Mattsson, Madeleine; Pettersson, Örjan (2005) - The questions dealt with collaboration projects and priorities of the municipalities in general, with the Bothnian Arc project in particular and finally with the decision-making process and future organisa- tion. One of the municipality representatives emphasised the use of collaboration projects like the Bothnian Arc within EU-contexts, not least when it comes to funding development projects. Keywords: arc; arc project; area; border; collaboration; development; firms; managers; municipalities; project; regional; regions; swedish
• Cores and peripheries in a northern periphery: a case study in Finland by Kauppila, Pekka (2011) - Keywords: northern Finland, resort tourism, GIS, regional development, core, periphery Pekka Kauppila, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 Univer- sity of Oulu, Finland. Exploring the evolution of tourism resorts. Keywords: case; core; data; development; finland; kauppila; location; municipalities; periphery; population; resorts; study; tourism
• Resort-oriented tourism development and local tourism networks – a case study from northern Finland by Kulusjärvi, Outi (2016) - A call for network cooperation The wider regional economy could benefit from resort tourism development if tourism enterprises are capable of taking advantage of their close proximity and, at the same time, let positive in- come and employment impacts spread to sur- rounding areas (Agarwal 2012: 1473). However, there have been relatively few studies on the destination-scale cooperative networks, al- though, they are vital in increasing the positive regional economic impacts of tourism development. Keywords: actors; areas; businesses; cooperation; core; destination; development; enterprises; kuusamo; networks; region; resort; ruka; study; tourism; tourism development; village
• Local natural resource curse and sustainable socio-economic development in a Russian mining community of Kovdor by Suutarinen, Tuomas Kristian (2015) - This study understands sus- tainable socio-economic development by the fol- lowing criteria: (1) the utilization of local resources based on long-term planning and diverse visions of the local economic potential; (2) the utilization of local natural resources without damaging the long- term potential of local alternative industries and lo- cal living environment; and (3) the utilization of local resources with respect for the social aspects of local sustainable development. When the utilization of local resources is controlled by exter- nal actors, such as the state and external enterpris- es, then the likelihood of locally improving the utilization of local natural resources is limited. Keywords: alternative; carson; community; development; diversification; economy; industry; kgok; kovdor; north; path; residents; resource; resource communities; resource curse; resource extraction; resource industries; russian; socio; state
• Public spending on rural tourism in Sweden by Almstedt, Åsa; Lundmark, Linda; Pettersson, Örjan (2016) - Rural tourism in Sweden Nature-based tourism is one of the most common forms of rural tourism in Sweden, especially in northern Sweden with its vast areas of forests and the Scandinavian mountain range (Müller 2013). Public spending on rural tourism in Sweden URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa46265 DOI: 10.11143/46265 Public spending on rural tourism in Sweden ÅSA ALMSTEDT, LINDA LUNDMARK AND ÖRJAN PETTERSSON Almstedt, Åsa, Linda Lundmark & Örjan Pettersson (2016). Keywords: areas; data; development; enterprise; funds; policy; programme; regional; rural; sek; spending; support; sweden; tourism
• Tourism and rural community development in Namibia: policy issues review by Kavita, Erling; Saarinen, Jarkko (2016) - How- ever, it is noted that in addition to public policy-makers also other tourism de- velopers and private business environment in Namibia need to recognize the full potential of rural tourism development in order to meet the created politi- cally driven promises at the policy level. MET is interested in a large scale, ambitious and imple- mentable approach to rural tourism development. Keywords: cbt; communities; community; conservation; development; economic; government; management; namibia; national; policy; saarinen; sector; tourism
• Geographical and temporal variation of regional development and innovation in Finland by Makkonen, Teemu; Inkinen, Tommi (2015) - However, recent analysis by Makkonen (2011) shows the extent of interconnectedness between regional innovation variables and other regional variables of development and concludes that they are significantly correlated, but with a temporally limited dataset and without geographical consid- erations. R&D, socio- economic conditions, and regional innovation in the U.S. Growth and Change 44: 2, 287–320. Keywords: activity; change; data; development; economic; education; finland; finnish; innovation; patents; r&d; regions; studies; variables
• Socio-cultural impacts of large-scale cruise tourism in Souq Mutrah, Sultanate of Oman by Gutberlet, Manuela (2016) - Existing sociological research on cruise tourist’s behavior, for example by Foster (1989), focuses on the behavior of cruise tourists on © 2016 by the author. Cruise tourists are in almost total isolation on the sea, except when the tourists leave their ship to visit a shore. Keywords: bubble; community; cruise; cruise tourism; development; impacts; muscat; mutrah; number; oman; port; research; scale; shop; souq; souq mutrah; street; tourism; tourists
• The scalar logics of universities as part of statehood transformation in Finland, 1970–1990 by Kohvakka, Mikko (2015) - The rector’s statement in his opening speech for the 1972–1973 academ- ic year highlighted the importance of competitive- ness to technology universities: “Universities for engineering and technology form a different kind of entity compared with other uni- versities. New universities outside the Helsinki and Turku region were seen as a tool of Keynesian territorial management (Kangas & Moisio 2012: 206). Keywords: 1970s; article; development; education; finland; finnish; joensuu; logics; lut; moisio; national; new; policy; research; scale; state; strategies; technology; ujo; universities; university
• Editorial: The Russian Far North - a landscape in transition by Bartsch, Annett (2015) - Industrial development has led here to land cover changes as revealed by satellite data (Kumpula et al. 2011, 2012). Two papers of this volume discuss the impact of natural resources and their exploitation on communities. Keywords: development; north; research
• Editorial: Tourism and development by Saarinen, Jarkko (2016) - Although some scholars may still regard tourism as a service sector issue, a purely econom- ic phenomenon and/or an academically tedious activity based on wealthy people’s voluntary mo- bility and related consumption during their free time, research on tourism geographies since the 1970s has promoted much more pluralist and criti- cal views on the phenomenon and the relationship between tourism and development and tourism and places, for example (see Britton 1982; Hall & Page 2009). In addition, as Chris Gibson (2008: 418) has noted, tourism geography “appears to be on the whole more cosmopolitan” with “its own geography of production and circulation, variegat- ed differently than for other parts of geography.” Keywords: development; geography; research; tourism
• Participation of second home owners and permanent residents in local decision making: the case of a rural village in Finland by Kietäväinen, Asta Tuulikki; Rinne, Janne; Paloniemi, Riikka; Tuulentie, Seija (2016) - “In theory, second home owners have the same opportunities to participate and influence deci- sion making as permanent residents but how is it possible to get them involved in practice?” (ID: 4, second home owner, male) Participation of second home owners and permanent residents in local decision making: the case of a rural village in Finland URN: Keywords: areas; committee; decision; development; district; finland; governance; home; home owners; making; owners; participation; plan; residents; rovaniemi; rural; services; tourism; village
• Translating EU renewable energy policy for insular energy systems: Reunion Island's quest for energy autonomy by Sawatzky, Matthew; Albrecht, Moritz (2017) - The ambitious aims of Reunion Island as a translation loop of renewable energy policy is conceptually interesting for governance processes in two ways. Timeframe of regional energy policy development on Reunion Island. Keywords: actors; albrecht; development; edf; egc; energy; energy policy; french; governance; grenelle; ies; island; national; path; policy; processes; public; regional; reunion; reunion island; translation
• Degradation, restitution and the elusive culture of rural-urban thinking by Dymitrow, Mirek (2017) - Dawidejt-Drobek, E. & Drobek, W. (2015) Cultural aspects of urban restitution in Poland. At the same time, any area without urban status is automatically and relentlessly regarded rural. Keywords: concepts; degradation; development; discourse; dymitrow; eds; fennia; geography; gothenburg; human; journal; krzysztofik; london; new; paper; poland; polish; problems; reform; research; restitution; rural; rurality; social; status; studies; towns; university; urban; urbanity
• Land for agriculture? Conflicts and synergies between land use in two parts of Scandinavia by Slätmo, Elin (2019) - The land-use categories of business and commercial development, infrastructure, and housing and public needs are here categorised as conflicting with agriculture land, as new establishments can interfere with the farming that is ongoing. Interviewed officials clarified the ‘attractiveness’ of choosing agricultural land in preference to using land that is already built up or brown field sites for housing development; agriculture lands are perceived as attractive for housing due to their convenience in terms of land ownership (often there is only one owner of a large area of land compared to many owners of small areas in urban settings) and because arable lands are often flat and already cleared of stones. Keywords: agriculture; areas; case; conflicts; development; farmers; heritage; housing; hållnäs; land; land uses; planning; relations; rural; sandnes; use; uses
• Degrowth in city planning by Lehtinen, Ari Aukusti (2018) - NBN:fi:tsv-oa65443 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.65443 Degrowth in city planning ARI AUKUSTI LEHTINEN Lehtinen, A. A. (2018) Degrowth in city planning. City planning is thus fundamentally divorced from its current associations to volume production (Lehtinen & Pyy 2017). Keywords: authorities; city; city planning; climate; compression; concerns; consumption; court; critics; degrowth; development; fennia; joensuu; land; lehtinen; master; planning; process; use
• Deregulated free-for-all planning, new settlements and the spectre of abandoned building sites in Scotland’s crisis-hit oil economy by Walton, William (2018) - New urbanism/smart growth in the Scottish Highlands: mobile policies and post-politics in local development planning. A core component within this strategy was the decision to significantly diminish the opportunity of those individuals and groups objecting to new development plan proposals to ventilate their views in public hearings and test the local authority's/developer's case. Keywords: aberdeen; aberdeen city; appeals; city; community; council; development; development plan; edinburgh; government; green; housing; inquiry; light; local; planning; planning system; policy; public; scotland; scottish; system; units
• The timely return of the repressed – commentary to Walton by Inch, Andy (2018) - Tokenistic forms of public engagement have long been used to depoliticize planning processes and have been identified as a central facet of post-political planning. Scotland Act has limited scope for effective democratic scrutiny of what goes into development plans is not just another example of post-political planning. Keywords: development; paper; planning; post; scotland; walton
• Local responses to state-led municipal reform in the Finnish-Swedish border region: conflicting development discourses, culture and institutions by Jakola, Fredriika (2018) - Institutional geographies and local economic development. An institutionalist perspective on regional economic development. Keywords: actors; border; cbc; development; discourse; finland; government; kemi; municipalities; operation; paper; power; reform; region; state; strategies; studies; tornio
• The role of identity for regional actors and citizens in a splintered region: The case of Päijät-Häme, Finland by Vainikka, Joni (2013) - The paper approaches regional identity from two angles. In this article, I argue that historical fractures and differently aligned spatial strategies can hinder attempts to reconfigure regional identities, and by implication, development discourses. Keywords: actors; citizens; city; development; discourses; geography; groups; häme; identities; identity; lahti; new; paasi; people; province; päijät; regional; regions; social; vainikka
• Included or excluded? Civil society, local agency and the support given by European aid programmes by Minoia, Paola (2012) - In many observed cases, the involvement of strong NSAs was rather unbalanced as it repro- duced north-south, urban-rural relations of power, and did not allow local groups to use their own capacities and assets. The current funding mechanisms are not suit- able for local groups and often suffocate commu- nity initiatives. Keywords: actors; agency; aid; communities; development; european; funding; groups; initiatives; new; ngos; nsas; programme; project; society; state; support
• The long-term adaptation of a resource periphery as narrated by local policy-makers in Lieksa by Halonen, Maija (2019) - Although the locals are seen as having little control over the development that is significantly driven by external conditions, currently the wider policies and the support of central government are compensated by the greater responsibility of local actors in the creation of economic development (Keough 2015; Halseth 2017; Hayter & Nieweler 2018). The methodological orientation adopts the idea of following the evolutionary path of the locality by utilising interview data as a means of capturing the socio-spatial relations and processes that depict economic development and regional policies, as well as the behaviours of actors (Pike et al. 2016). Keywords: actors; adaptation; bust; changes; development; et al; finland; geography; lieksa; martin; peripheries; periphery; policy; regional; resilience; resource; restructuring
• Unsustainable charcoal production as a contributing factor to woodland fragmentation in southeast Kenya by Ruuska, Eeva (2013) - Land cover percentages of each land cover type for the 2005/06 and 2011 classifications in Dakatcha Woodland area. Master plan for Dakatcha Woodland area: an Important Bird area (2011–2035). Keywords: area; change; charcoal; charcoal production; cover; dakatcha; dakatcha woodland; data; development; energy; fennia; forest; households; kenya; malindi; management; marafa; nature; production; use; woodland
• Governing the future and the search for spatial justice: Wales’ Well-being of Future Generations Act by Jones, Rhys (2019) - 267–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010608088778 Government of Wales Act (1998) Government of Wales Act (1998). Scaling future governance 1: the national scale The discussion in the above paragraphs points, quite clearly I maintain, to the way in which the Well- being Act reflects an attempt to ground notions of well-being, sustainable development and justice at the scale of Wales as a devolved state, region and/or nation. Keywords: act; development; future; governance; government; jones; justice; need; policy; public; scale; term; wales; way; ways; welsh; welsh government
• How does imperviousness develop and affect runoff generation in an urbanizing watershed? by Krebs, Gerald; Rimpiläinen, Ulla-Maija; Salminen, Outi (2013) - While the selected approach hinders the direct comparison of devel- oped coefficients between the cities, it does not affect the prediction of impervious yard areas in Tuusula for 2030 and the comparison of impervi- ousness development between the cities. Those were the road and roof areas, impervious yard areas, and the Helsin- ki-Vantaa airport. Keywords: areas; development; imperviousness; kylmäoja; land; reduction; runoff; stormwater; stormwater runoff; stream; tuusula; urban; use; vantaa; watershed; yard
• On the importance of forest assets for micro-firm performance by Haugen, Katarina; Lindgren, Urban (2013) - Concluding discussion This research set out to explore the importance of the value of forest holdings owned by entrepre- neurs for the economic performance of micro- firms, with a hypothesis that assets stemming from forest ownership benefit firms and provide them with financial stability and resilience to economic fluctuations. Compared to, for instance, entrepreneurs who rely on private housing mortgages as a means to acquire neces- sary capital (Storey 1994; Shane 2003) to self- finance business ventures – which incidentally is the most common financial strategy of entre- preneurs (Shane 2003), presumably particularly in the case of the smallest firms, which rarely rely on external funding (Holmes et al. 2010) – forest owners have additional assets that may be used to this end. Keywords: assets; business; development; economic; entrepreneurship; et al; firm; forest; forest assets; forest owners; importance; journal; micro; owners; performance; research; resources; rural; survival; swedish; value
• Exploring nightlife in the university city of Cluj-Napoca (Romania): a mixed methods research study by Adorean, Cristian Emanuel; Nofre, Jordi; Ilovan, Oana-Ramona; Gligor, Viorel; Adorean, Cristian Emanuel (2020) - 3. Map of nightlife venues in Cluj Napoca city centre (2019) (source: authors). After a theoretical approach in which we highlight the long underexplored path that still exists in relation to the study on the political, social, cultural and economic factors of ’the night’ in post-socialist cities from South-Eastern Europe, the paper shows a quantitative approach about a range of variables that define the different (and unequal) forms of consuming the night in the city centre of Cluj-Napoca. Keywords: centre; cities; city; city centre; cluj; development; economy; european; leisure; napoca; night; nightlife; research; social; study; time; tourism; university; venues
• Educating 'surplus population': uses and abuses of aspiration in the rural peripheries of a globalising world by Ansell, Nicola; Froerer, Peggy; Huijsmans, Roy; Dungey, Claire Elisabeth; Dost, Arshima Champa; Piti; Ansell, Nicola (2020) - In Lesotho, teaching was often a career of last resort (attractive, perhaps, to rural primary school children but less so to urban high school graduates). We show how schooling uses aspiration, holding out a promise of a 'better future' remote from the lives of rural children. Keywords: ansell; areas; aspiration; capital; children; development; economy; education; future; india; labour; laos; lesotho; life; people; primary; research; rural; schooling; schools; surplus; teachers; work; world; youth
• Reinvigorating a political ecology of the global agri-food system by Köpke, Sören; Köpke, Sören (2021) - Political ecology and its neighbours The newer theoretical developments in political ecology admittedly broadened the perspective, but also diverted attention from questions of agricultural production and rural development. https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.99209 This contribution is a critical review of research on the global agri- food system directly or indirectly identified as political ecology (PE). Keywords: agri; change; development; ecology; economy; famine; food; food system; global; human; london; new; production; regime; research; social; studies; system; theory; world

• The framing of environmental citizenship and youth participation in the Fridays for Future Movement in Finland by Huttunen, Janette; Albrecht, Eerika; Huttunen, Janette (2021) - In the context of environmental movements, in addition to increasing material well-being, new technology and media forms have emerged, facilitating environmentalism with greater speed and on a larger scale than traditional forms of social movements (Caren et al. 2020). The news materials were collected in an online format using the 50 Research paper FENNIA 199(1) (2021) search word ilmastolakko (climate strike). Keywords: change; citizenship; climate; environmental; fff; fff movement; finland; lifestyle; media; movement; participation; people; politics; school; strike; twitter; young; youth
• An ‘inconvenient truth’? The problem of recognition of the political message – commentary to Huttunen and Albrecht by Kyroglou, Georgios; Kyroglou, Georgios (2021) - Keywords: environmental movement, climate strikes, political participation, young people, youth activism Georgios Kyroglou (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4111-5544), School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, United Kingdom. MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9195.001.0001 Pickard, S. (2019) Defining and measuring political participation and young people. Keywords: albrecht; huttunen; message; movement; participation; people; youth
• Cartographic storytelling: reflecting on maps through an ethnographic application in Siberia by Saxinger, Gertrude; Sancho Reinoso, Alexis; Wentzel, Sigrid Irene; Sancho Reinoso, Alexis (2022) - What qualitative GIS maps tell and don't tell: insights from mapping women in Tehran's public spaces. Cultural maps and being in relations. Keywords: bam; cartographic; data; field; geography; knowledge; life; mapping; maps; people; portal; project; qualitative; research; sancho; saxinger; social; stories; storytelling; way
• A less-than-human academia: the effect of disembodied encounters by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Häkli, Jouni; Riding, James; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2021) - Since we began the Reflections section in 2017, it has published short interventions that engage with research articles published in the journal. These interventions speak back to research articles in Fennia and take them in new directions, and in many cases, they are written by the reviewers of the published article, providing an outlet for the unseen and unpaid academic labor of reviewing articles. Keywords: article; fennia; human; issue; narratives; new; pandemic; people; planning; research; work; working
• Refusal – opening otherwise forms of research by Gross, Lena; Mashreghi, Sepandarmaz; Söderman, Emma; Mashreghi, Sepand (2023) - Decolonial refusal to/in research therefore becomes a critical intervention into research and its circular self-defining logic. As a collective of authors, we have worked across different research projects that have revolved around the concept of social justice and/or decolonial work, with populations historically marginalised by Western paradigms. Keywords: academy; decolonial; emma; knowledge; life; musical; people; process; refusal; research; simpson; stories; suffering; tuck; work; write; yang; youth
• The unruly arts of ethnographic refusal: power, politics, performativity by Siriwardane-de Zoysa, Rapti; Sreekantha, Vani ; Mwambari, David; Mehta, Simi; Majumder, Madhurima; Siriwardane-de Zoysa, Rapti (2023) - Practising refusal as relating otherwise: engagements with knowledge production, ‘activist’ praxis, and borders The unruly arts of ethnographic refusal: power, politics, performativity RAPTI SIRIWARDANE-DE ZOYSA, VANI SREEKANTA, DAVID MWAMBARI, SIMI MEHTA AND MADHURIMA MAJUMDER Siriwardane-de Zoysa, R., Sreekanta, V., Mwambari, D., Mehta, S. & Majumder, M. (2023) 6 While debates around ethnographic refusal have been prevalent, manifold forms of refusal and for diverse purposes are often rarely discussed in contemporary scholarly writing and teaching, although the coloniality of the ‘research’ encounter itself is selectively taught across social science departments worldwide. Keywords: care; contexts; enactments; fennia; forms; knowledge; non; paper; paul; people; power; practices; refusal; research; researchers; spaces; story; tapan; time; work
• Young people as agents in regional shrinkage – commentary to Syssner by Kettunen, Marika; Prokkola, Eeva-Kaisa; Kettunen, Marika (2023) - In the end, we ask what geographers could do to increase the understanding of and possibilities for young people to live a good life in shrinking regions in times of environmental crises. Keywords: young people, youth participation, shrinking regions, regional development, environmental crises Marika Kettunen (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6067-569X) and Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3237-6953), Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Finland. Keywords: geographies; people; regions; shrinkage; shrinking; syssner; youth
• Radical understanding: reflections on knowledge production, power, positionality, and practices of refusal within academic research by Torkaman Rad, Esfandyar; Torkaman Rad, Esfandyar (2023) - In order for POC researcher to cross the borders and to be authorized and accepted inside the process of the production of knowledge by academic authorities (Collins 1989; Khosravi 2007) the FENNIA 201(2) (2023) 255Esfandyar Torkaman Rad person has to adhere to several rules and hegemonic norms: firstly, they should assume their “possibility of native informant [which] is inscribed as evidence in the production of the scientific or disciplinary European knowledge of the culture of Others: from field-work through [theorizing]” (Spivak 1999, 66–67); secondly, they should prove their assimilation (Fanon 1961/2011), id est that they have sheerly integrated the right methods of knowledge production and that they consistently adhere to them; and lastly, and consequentially, they should obey the rule that it is always the dominants who produce knowledge about the dominated, that the South provides the ‘field’ and the North the theory (Khosravi 2019). It is a proposition of crossing borders and transgressing the rules and norms of White capitalist colonialist Eurocentric processes of knowledge production in order to create avant-garde frameworks of the definition and generation of knowledge (Mignolo 2009) based on oppressed and marginalized people’s ways of knowing. Keywords: dominant; knowledge; people; position; power; production; refusal; research; social; tuck; understanding
• On reading non-participation as refusal by Meziant, Kahina; Meziant, Kahina (2023) - The remainder of this paper delves into the space of asylum and migration charities and their politics of participation before providing insight into the politics of Segue, the charity I volunteered with for just under two years. Examining instances in which members did not comply with charity leaders’ expectations, either by quitting, not participating, or not adhering to arbitrary rules, I propose that this assumed passivity reveals a paradox in Segue and many charities aiming to centre the voices of people with lived experience: while the challenges of limited resourcefulness combined with austerity are real for many, ‘good intentions’ alone are insufficient if organisation leaders are not explicitly reflecting on and addressing the internal micropolitics (Su 2018) that are to blame for the failure to encourage participation. Keywords: asylum; charity; citizenship; meziant; migrants; non; participation; people; refusal; research; segue; work
• Becoming part of the city: local emplacement after forced displacement by van Liempt, Ilse; van Liempt, Ilse (2023) - Empirical research with refugees shows that there are important differences in how refugees, upon arrival, appropriate the category of refugee. Everyday geographies of belonging: Syrian refugee experiences in the Northern Netherlands. Keywords: amsterdam; arrival; asylum; centres; city; home; liempt; migration; new; people; place; reception; refugees; research; space; van
• School shootings, the media, and the spatialities of dark belonging by Ridanpää, Juha; Ridanpää, Juha (2024) - School shootings, the media, and the spatialities of dark belonging. This article illustrates how the media narratives of school shootings engage readers with the logic of belonging, offering normative understandings of how belonging and non-belonging should be comprehended. Keywords: belonging; communities; community; media; national; news; people; school; school shootings; shootings; social; victims
• Gender, sports, and belonging. The role of sports participation in residential preferences among girls and boys living in Norway's rural peripheries by Gulløy, Elisabeth; Gulløy, Elisabeth (2024) - The role of sports participation in residential preferences among girls and boys living in Norway's rural peripheries URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa142427 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.142427 Gender, sports, and belonging. The role of sports participation in residential preferences among girls and boys living in Norway's rural peripheries ELISABETH GULLØY Gulløy, E. (2024) Gender, sports, and belonging. Keywords: belonging; boys; gender; girls; living; norway; participants; participation; people; place; preferences; relations; rural; school; sports; sports participation; study; youth
• Dwelling with limits: the work of love in participatory research by Aiava, Raine; Pyyry, Noora; Aiava, Raine (2024) - However, despite the important work in developing participatory research practices and projects aimed at acknowledging and fostering young people’s agency in matters affecting them (e.g., Gallagher 2004; Trell & van Hoven 2010; Mathisen & Cele 2020), participatory research has also been criticized for putting too much weight on individual agency (Thomson 2007; Pyyry 2015; Wakeford & Rodriguez 2018), and thus unwittingly contributing to sustaining hegemonic structures by underestimating political forces, affectual attachments, and structures of power (Worsham 2001; Zembylas 2018a; Kocsis 2024). This paper aims to add to this already robust discourse by reconceptualizing the geographies of the participatory research encounter beyond representation, as a doing (action) and undergoing that orientates and affects research encounters. Keywords: action; children; encounter; geographies; heidegger; language; love; participation; participatory; people; research; spivak; subaltern; terms; translation; work
• Beyond accountability? Exploring the promises and challenges of citizen collectives by Vandevoordt, Robin; Vandevoordt, Robin (2025) - By drawing on a re-interpretation of several 16 FENNIA 203(1) (2025)Research paper of my own ethnographic projects, and one study conducted by others (Knops & Severs 2019), I formulate four exploratory theses on what accountability looks like in citizen collectives, and what promises and pitfalls their approach may hold for broader debates on humanitarian accountability. Exploring the promises and challenges of citizen collectives URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa144448 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.144448 Beyond accountability? Keywords: accountability; action; actors; citizen; citizen collectives; collectives; europe; fennia; grassroots; horst; hosts; humanitarianism; migration; ngos; people; platform; public; refugee; state; support; vandevoordt
• ‘A trusted person is cursed’. Trust as an accountability mechanism in the Somali collective response to crises by Musa, Ahmed; Horst, Cindy; Horst, Cindy (2025) - Trust The literature on trust is as least as extensive as that on accountability, with major branches in literature on political and economic systems as well as within literature on the social-cultural functioning of society. Trust has been described as ’evocative’, as it not only serves as a prerequisite for relationships but is also reinforced through the act of placing trust in others; individuals who are trusted are inclined to reciprocate by behaving in a trustworthy manner towards those who have extended trust to them (Sztompka 1999). Keywords: accountability; assistance; burao; collective; committees; community; crisis; information; kinship; members; people; person; process; response; somali; trust
• Reimagining diaspora humanitarianism in the digital age: exploring the near and far diaspora dynamics among Congolese refugees in Nairobi, Kenya by Godin, Marie; Heritier, Cadeau; Godin, Marie (2025) - In addition, as claimed by Olliff (2018, 658), the idea that refugee communities can be humanitarian actors “brings with it a dissonance that speaks to the underlying assumptions and meanings given to both ‘refugee’ and ‘humanitarian’”. Refugee communities mobilizing in the Middle East. Keywords: aid; banyamulenge; communities; community; congolese; diaspora; digital; home; humanitarianism; kenya; mutuality; nairobi; near; new; people; refugees; social; support; system; whatsapp
• To relocate, or not? The future of small and remote communities in the Nordic Countries facing natural hazards by Baron, Nina; Heidenreich, Sara; Kokorsch, Matthias; Baron, Nina (2024) - Small remote communities are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards due to a lack of resources and expertise for prevention, preparedness, and recovery. Both from a risk and a cost perspective, the relocation of small remote communities in high-risk areas could be a sensible option for wider society. Keywords: areas; attachment; change; climate; communities; hazards; people; place; relocation; risk
• Topologies of scholasticide in Gaza: education in spaces of elimination by Dader, Khalid; Ghantous, Wassim; Masad, Danna; Joronen, Mikko; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James; Vainikka, Joni (2024) - Gaza war: expected socioeconomic impacts on the State of Palestine Update May 2024. They should rather be a reminder of the topologies of collective action needed to bring Gaza justice. Keywords: 02.07.2024; destruction; education; fennia; gaza; geography; initiatives; institutions; israeli; joronen; life; palestine; palestinian; people; space; students; universities; university; war; world
• Making sense of place: exploring creative and (inter)active research methods with young people by Trell, Elen-Maarja; van Hoven, Bettina (2010) - Keywords: Canada, visual/(inter)active/creative research methods, children/ youth geographies, participatory research, place experiences, everyday life Elen-Maarja Trell & Bettina van Hoven, Department of Cultural Geography, Fac- ulty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800 9700AV Gron- ingen, The Netherlands. Thrift (2008) argues that, when given a chance to use our various senses we start to notice the “event-ness of the world” and the small details that make up the everyday lives and place experience of our research participants (Thrift 2008: 12). Keywords: cedar; interviews; mental; methods; new; people; place; project; research; school; students; video; walk; young
• Indigenous Toponyms as Pedagogical Tools: Reflections from Research with Tl’azt’en Nation, British Columbia by Heikkilä, Karen; Fondahl, Gail (2010) - One pattern, in particular, concerns the role of referents in lake place-names as orientating devices for water travel. Another example of a directional is -tl’at, a suf- fix sometimes found in lake place-names, denot- ing “the end of the lake”. Keywords: british; canada; carrier; columbia; community; cultural; culture; dakelh; education; fennia; fondahl; information; keyoh; knowledge; lake; land; language; morice; names; nation; northern; people; place; program; research; science; territory; tl’azt’en; tl’azt’en nation; toponyms; university; use
• Temporary geographies of the city: the experienced spaces of asylum seekers in the City of Turku, Finland by Kymäläinen, Päivi; Nordström, Paulina (2010) - in the case of asylum seekers, the experiences are coloured by the assumptions regarding who is allowed or hoped to be seen in urban space (cf. secondly, the theoretical aspects of temporary geographies in this paper will be illustrated with empirical mate- rial collected among young asylum seekers in the City of turku in Finland in 2008–2009. Keywords: asylum; asylum seekers; centre; city; country; experiences; finland; geographies; geography; life; people; places; reception; space; turku
• Humboldt, Granö and Geo-poetics of the Altai by Buttimer, Anne (2010) - two of these explorers, Alexander von Humboldt (1769−1859) and Johannes Gabriel Granö (1882−1956), were especially gifted in yielding both geo-scientific and geo-poetic accounts of their surveys, Granö especially evoking a “geo-poetics” of the Altai, possibly inspired by Humboldt’s American journeys. Both scholars also underwent major changes in their scholarly outlooks on na- ture and culture over the course of their careers, each initially attuned primarily to the bio-physical sciences, but deeply attracted to the prospects of geographical exploration: for Humboldt the tropi- cal lands, for Granö Siberia and the mongolian Steppes. Keywords: alexander; altai; buttimer; fennia; fig; finland; geography; granö; helsinki; human; humboldt; journeys; lake; landscape; life; mountain; nature; people; poetics; science; siberia; society; university; von; white; work; years
• Incommodious border? Rethinking the function of the Finnish- Russian border by Laine, Jussi (2007) - Borders, distances, and spac- es: a typology of borders in terms of distances. The discussion surrounding the impacts of borders on the areas they divide provides the analytical basis on which this article is built. Keywords: assistance; barrier; border; cbc; effect; factors; finnish; houtum; interaction; new; operation; people; regional; respondents; van
• Foresight strategies and practices based on regional religious values and global virtue ethics by Ketola, Tarja (2006) - Donaldson (1996) divides morality into (a) ethical relativism, which believes that ethical values vary from culture to culture, and (b) ethical universalism, which be- lieves in global ethical values. 24961_04_Ketola.pdf Foresight strategies and practices based on regional religious values and global virtue ethics TARJA KETOLA Ketola, Tarja (2006). Keywords: business; ethics; foresight; futures; ketola; leaders; life; people; practices; religions; research; responsibility; strategies; values; virtue; world
• Slow housing – competitive edge for innovative living environments by Heinonen, Sirkka; Halonen, Minna; Daldoss, Lorenzo (2006) - Solutions for creating slow housing environments would be such a chal- lenging new development target. We can talk about slow philosophy as comprising several key slow movements such as slow food, slow housing, slow design and slow life (see Fig. 3). Keywords: environments; food; heinonen; housing; innovation; life; living; means; new; people; place; quality; slow; society; time; work
• Bad reputation – bad reality? The intertwining and contested images of a place by Tani, Sirpa (2001) - Many interesting aspects of place images emerged in both projects but, for practical reasons, they took a minor role in the previous publications. Finally, I will consider some contemporary place promotion activities and raise questions about the meanings of subjectivity and intersubjectivity in place images. Keywords: area; city; class; geography; helsinki; images; kallio; life; neighbourhood; people; place; place images; prostitutes; prostitution; reality; reputation; residents; street; tani; working
• Endemic time-spaces of Finland: Aquatic regimes by Mustonen, Tero (2014) - Finally, the role of common bream (Abramis brama) manifests in the local knowledge and endemic time-spaces of Lake Kuivasjärvi area prominently as an ecological indicator species. [one of the old Finnish spirit-gods] travelled on the Lake Kuivasjärvi in winter time. Keywords: apaja; areas; catchment; fennia; finland; finnish; fish; fishermen; histories; history; industrial; knowledge; kuivasjärvi; lake; lehtinen; mustonen; people; place; production; seining; sites; snowchange; spaces; time; use; uses; water; winter
• Tourist guide reflections on the spatialities of mass tourism: a case study of Finnish package tourism in Crete by Vainikka, Vilhelmiina Emilia (2016) - Keywords: mass tourism destination, social construction, tourist guides, place, Crete, Finland Vilhelmiina Vainikka, Department of Geography, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland. The key argument in this paper is that as spatial categories, mass tourism destinations are never separate of human experience. Keywords: area; clients; crete; destination; guides; interview; mass; mass tourism; people; place; relationship; social; spatialities; spatiality; time; tourism; tourism destination; tourists
• To you, to us, to oil and gas – The symbolic and socio-economic attachment of the workforce to oil, gas and its spaces of extraction in the Yamal-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Districts in Russia by Saxinger, Gertrude (2015) - The interpretation of spatial relations to the resource rich North is in- spired by the works of Löw (2001, 2008) and the geographers Massey (2005) and Cresswell (2004) in terms of understanding how people experience this northern space – exemplified by YNAO and KMAO in this article – as both ‘extreme’ and ‘nor- mal’ at the same time (Eilmsteiner-Saxinger 2013a, 2013b). 84 FENNIA 193: 1 (2015)Gertrude Saxinger At the same time, employment in the petroleum industry is becoming increasingly unpredictable due to the rise in the number of short-term con- tracts in the North, particularly in the construction sector. Keywords: cities; commuters; commuting; companies; conditions; distance; distance commuters; gas; industry; life; north; oil; people; petroleum; place; regions; resources; russian; saxinger; socio; state; university; workers
• Young adults’ perceptions of and affective bonds to a rural tourism community by Möller, Peter (2016) - Several respondents de- scribed an everyday life in which they are used to travelling to both Malung – almost 70 kilometres from Sälen village – and Mora – approximately 90 kilometres from Sälen village – often several times a month. The high school nearest the Sälen area is located in Malung, almost 70 kilometres from Sälen village. Keywords: adults; area; categories; migrants; migration; opportunities; people; respondents; return; rural; social; sälen; tourism
• Beyond ‘us’ and ‘them’: Migrant encounters with difference and reimagining the national by Gawlewicz, Anna (2015) - Polish families and migration since EU accession. For this reason, Polish society is still considered relatively homo- geneous (Podemski 2012). Keywords: british; difference; diversity; encounters; family; home; migrants; migration; participants; people; poland; polish; research; social; society; values
• Interpreting Estonian mires: common perceptions and changing practices by Pungas-Kohv, Piret; Keskpaik, Riste; Kohv, Marko; Kull, Kalevi; Oja, Tõnu; Palang, Hannes (2015) - According to one wilderness tourism entrepreneur there are current- ly 15 enterprises offering snow shoeing tours in Es- tonia, introducing mire landscape to around 5,000 to 10,000 people a year (Rähni 2012). Objectives and aims of the article Today the fate of natural mires in Estonia is deter- mined by mainly two different institutional aims: their industrial use and/or conservation. Keywords: areas; berries; century; eesti; environment; estonian; experience; fennia; human; keywords; kohv; landscape; mires; nature; new; peat; people; perception; practices; pungas; respondents; studies; tourism
• The political extreme as the new normal: the cases of Brexit, the French state of emergency and Dutch Islamophobia by Houtum, Henk van; Bueno Lacy, Rodrigo (2017) - The depth of radicalisation among traditional EU political parties is of such magnitude that the problem is not even an ideological contest between the merits of either socialism or liberalism or between conservative and progressive ideologies. Hence, the ‘normalisation-of-the-extreme’ agenda that we are seeing in today’s EU politics is arguably no less than perhaps the most self-harming political movement since the Second World War. Keywords: borders; brexit; british; bueno; dutch; european; extreme; france; french; houtum; lacy; new; normality; parties; party; people; policies; politics; state; terrorism; van
• Perfect food: perspectives on consumer perceptions of fresh produce quality by Finlayson, Caitlin (2018) - E-mail: cfinlay@umw.edu Introduction Every year in the United States alone, 40% of food is wasted, much of it edible and nutritious but simply not in line with consumer food preferences (Gunders 2012). Thus, this paper largely focuses on retail food purchasing locations and retailers’ perspectives on consumer food preferences within the case study area of Fredericksburg, Virginia, USA. Keywords: agriculture; consumers; csa; farmers; farmers market; food; food systems; food waste; fredericksburg; interview; locations; market; model; people; produce; spotsylvania; systems; waste; wegmans
• Welcoming the masses, entitling the stranger – commentary to Gill by Vainikka, Vilhelmiina; Vainikka, Joni (2018) - In addition to the formal tourism sector, mass tourism has diversified from the conventional tour operators and package tourists to include internet booking websites, low-cost carriers and Airbnb accommodation. Mass tourism ranges from visiting friends and relatives to business tourism to several special interest tourists. Keywords: finland; mass; masses; migration; people; refugees; social; stranger; tourism; vainikka; welcome
• Reflections on the variations and spatialities of (un)welcome – commentary to Gill by Vuolteenaho, Jani; Lyytinen, Eveliina (2018) - In refugee studies, emotions are often discussed with regard to the emotional repertoire of refugees during their diverse and deeply spatial experiences of fleeing and living in exile. Keywords: variations of welcome, lived space, practiced space, emotional geographies, refugees Jani Vuolteenaho, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland. Keywords: asylum; emotions; finland; gill; lefebvre; people; refugees; space; welcome
• From welcome to well ... come: the mobilities, temporalities and geopolitics of contemporary hospitality – commentary to Gill by Norum, Roger (2018) - In this reflection, I take Nick Gill’s contribution to this issue on the politics of hospitality and welcome as a point of departure to address three specific concerns, framed by the context of contemporary global mobility. From welcome to well ... come: the mobilities, temporalities and geopolitics of contemporary hospitality – commentary to Gill URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa70403 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.70403 Reflections From welcome to well ... come: the mobilities, temporalities and geopolitics of contemporary hospitality – commentary to Gill ROGER NORUM Norum, R. (2018) Keywords: geopolitics; gill; guest; hospitality; migration; mobility; new; norum; people; social; time; tourism; welcome
• Palestinian children: a transformation of national identity in the Abbas era by Habashi, Janette (2019) - https://doi.org/10.11143/ fennia.71009 The constant rendering of Palestinian national identity provides crucial insight not only to the current Palestinian community’s political status, but also to past and the future experiences. For the last few decades, Palestinian national identity has been evolving with continuous alteration that encompasses local political discourse in the Palestinian community. Keywords: abbas; abbas era; bank; children; era; hamas; identity; israeli; journal; leadership; national; palestine; palestinian; participant; people; politics; self; west
• Lakes, presidents and shopping on mental maps: children’s perceptions of the Finnish–Russian border and the borderland by Kaisto, Virpi; Brednikova, Olga (2019) - For Finnish children, Western (American and British) culture is more familiar and pursuable than the Russian culture because they see Russia mainly in news and in a very critical light (Rinne & Kallio 2017). An eight-class Russian girl uses traditional symbols and references to Russian classical culture to describe the Russian side of the border, but on the Finnish side she mentions (besides stereotypical images) clothing stores, which indicate her own experiences of shopping in Finnish border towns. Keywords: border; borderland; children; elements; finland; mapping; maps; paper; participants; people; perceptions; place; processes; russian; school; sides; studies
• Kent’s Sweden, or what a rock band can tell us about a nation by Johansson, Ola (2013) - Vem i helvete är Kent? Det här är Kent. Keywords: album; band; berg; city; eskilstuna; everyday; fennia; identity; johansson; kent; landscapes; life; lyrics; music; national; nationalism; och; people; place; public; rock; songs; stockholm; sweden; swedish; time
• Why save a minority language? Meänkieli and rationales of language revitalization by Ridanpää, Juha (2018) - Meänkieli and rationales of language revitalization. https://doi.org/10.11143/ fennia.74047 This article examines the rationales for language revitalization and their materialization on a local scale. Keywords: discussions; education; finnish; group; identity; language; language revitalization; meänkieli; minority; minority language; new; people; revitalization; ridanpää; social; speakers; torne; woman; work
• Conditional welcome and the ambivalent self – commentary to Gill by Laine, Jussi P (2018) - This is illuminated, for example, in the way how the rescues are often thought of in opposition to border security, despite the recent trend whereby an increasing integration of these responses within a common emergency frame has become reality (Cuttitta 2014; Pallister- Wilkins 2015). The offers of a strong nation state as a solution for the perceived chaos have resonated well with the consequential public discourse in many EU member states, whereby the original idea of open borders has become effectively shot down (Ahtisaari 2017). Keywords: europe; gill; people; refugees; security; self; states; welcome
• Oral histories as a baseline of landscape restoration – Co-management and watershed knowledge in Jukajoki River by Mustonen, Tero (2013) - This article explores local oral histories and selected communal written texts and their role in the severely damaged watershed of Jukajoki [and adjacent lake Jukajärvi watershed] located in Kontiolahti and Joensuu municipalities, North Karelia, Finland. This article has explored local oral histories and selected communal written texts and their role in the severely damaged watershed of Jukajoki Keywords: alavi; archive; berkes; communities; context; ecosystem; finland; fish; fisheries; histories; history; jukajoki; knowledge; lake; management; mustonen; people; restoration; river; snowchange; subsistence; time; watershed
• Geographies of welcome by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James (2018) - To conclude this discussion over two issues of Fennia, Elisa Pascucci (2018) moves the debate elsewhere, and draws on recent research with aid workers in Jordan and Lebanon – as well as on examples from Greece and Italy – proposing the notion of refugee welcome as care work as a possible way to achieve grounded critical understanding. Importantly, the response offers a number of insights that challenge Eurocentric humanitarian conceptions of welcoming refugees, like the centrality of emotional labour and the emerging South-South geographies of hospitality and aid. Keywords: commentary; fennia; gill; language; people; refugee; security; state; welcome
• The state of Palestinian youth – commentary to Habashi by Marshall, David J. (2019) - At the same time, Palestinian children also stress the multi-faith character of Palestinian national identity, expressing solidarity with Christian Palestinians and recognizing the historic presence of Jews in Palestine. This reflection is a response to Habashi's article Palestinian children: a transformation of national identity in the Abbas era. Keywords: children; habashi; identity; national; palestine; palestinian; people
• To crash on the bus (or sit on needles and pins)? – buses and subways in teenage everyday geographies by Lagerqvist, Maja; Lagerqvist, Maja (2019) - This paper shows teenagers´ experiences of public transportation places, but it can also offer broader insights. In the end, this shapes what kind of public places we are left with. Keywords: bus; everyday; experiences; interaction; mobility; people; places; retreat; social; space; subway; teenagers; transportation; travel; years
• Doing belonging: young former refugees and their active engagement with Norwegian local communities by Mathisen, Tina; Cele, Sofia; Mathisen, Tina (2020) - The youths in the 3–5-year category to a larger degree seemed to have adapted to local youth activities as they spent more time in activities outside the family realm. By looking at these youths' everyday activities and social networks using a range of participatory methods, this article describes how former refugee youths actively work to create and maintain a sense of belonging. Keywords: activities; belonging; children; everyday; experiences; friends; girls; norway; participants; people; place; refugee; research; school; sense; social; time; town; youths
• Temporal injustice and asylum reception centres in Norway: towards a critical geographies of architecture in the institution by Thorshaug, Ragne Øwre; Brun, Cathrine; Thorshaug, Ragne Øwre (2019) - Temporal injustice and re-orientations in asylum reception centres in Norway: towards critical geographies of architecture in the institution URN: Temporal injustice and re-orientations in asylum reception centres in Norway: towards critical geographies of architecture in the institution. Keywords: architecture; asylum; asylum seekers; buildings; centres; conditions; experiences; institution; material; orientations; people; reception; reception centres; residents; seekers; time; waiting
• Imagining future worlds alongside young climate activists: a new framework for research by Bowman, Benjamin; Bowman, Benjamin (2019) - In this significant and provocative article, an analysis is provided of the potential – and the need – for empirical work at local and international levels concerning youth climate activism that recognizes the often complex, liminal nature of young political agency and the diverse, intersecting motives that lead young people to demonstrate for action on climate change. Keywords: young people, climate change, FridaysForFuture, activism, environmentalism, ecologism, politics, social movements. Keywords: action; change; climate; future; people; politics; protest; study; wahlström; young; youth
• Perception of danger in the southern Arizona borderlands by Nielsen, Henrik Dorf; Nielsen, Henrik (2020) - Coleman, M. (2007) Immigration geopolitics beyond the Mexico–US border. The sector had the highest number of border agents as well as apprehensions in 2010 and 2011 according to the U.S. Customs and Border Protections fiscal reports. Keywords: agents; ajo; area; arizona; border; border patrol; borderlands; danger; desert; mexican; mexico; migrants; people; perception; samaritans; security; water; zone
• History of natural resource use and environmental impacts in an interfluvial upland forest area in western Amazonia by Siren, Anders (2014) - An estimate, which appears to be trustwor- thy, of the population of Sarayaku was provid- ed for the years 1888−1889 by a missionary who travelled widely in the region and record- ed the number of inhabitants of over 20 settle- ments or forest areas, in some of which he even distinguished between ‘infidels’ and ‘Christians’ (Magali 1978: 45). Thus, much of the conclusions reached here may be generalizable for large areas outside the study area itself, although such extrapolation al- ways must be done with great care, considering possible differences in human history as well as in the natural environment. Keywords: agriculture; amazonia; area; century; clearing; community; elders; fennia; forest; history; hunting; impacts; land; mission; natural; people; population; pre; resource; river; sarayaku; settlement; sirén; species; study; use
• Preventing or inflicting risks? Carceral riskscapes and working in the spaces of mental health care by Repo, Virve; Repo, Virve (2020) - Carceral riskscapes and working in the spaces of mental health care URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa88950 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.88950 Carceral riskscapes and working in the spaces of mental health care VIRVE REPO Repo, V. (2020) Carceral riskscapes and working in the spaces of mental health care. The findings of the study suggest that the relationships between staff members are significant in the context of carceral riskscapes. Keywords: carceral; care; health; members; people; practices; risk; riskscapes; social; spaces; staff; staff members; ward; working
• The unexpected place: Brexit referendum and the disruptions to translocal place-making among Finns in the UK by Riikonen, Evi-Carita; Riikonen, Evi-Carita (2020) - Massey (2005, 141) describes places “temporary constellations”, arguing that places are, in fact, transient due to the amount of changes that take place in the everyday lives of people. Thirdly, translocal place-making is framed by material and symbolic forms of mobility: physical travelling within and between localities across local, regional and national scales, participating in flows and networks (e.g. McKay 2006; Luedicke 2015), imaginaries of personal, societal and political links between several places, and the maintenance of these imaginaries through, for example, subjective choices of cultural expressions and consumptions (e.g. Main & Sandoval 2015). Keywords: brexit; discussants; disruptions; everyday; experiences; finland; finns; making; migrants; new; people; place; power; referendum; spaces
• Seeing the wood and the trees. Assessing Swedish Nature-Based Integration utilising the theory of socio-cultural viability by Singleton, Benedict; Singleton, Benedict (2020) - Cultural theory is a theory of constrained relativism in dynamic contexts and is a way to examine different understandings of what integration means within NBI activities. As a regular participant in NBI activities, I was able to build social relationships, mostly with guides, which led me attending related events outside of NBI activities such as work seminars and meetings. Keywords: activities; group; guides; integration; nature; nbi; newcomers; participants; people; research; society; solidarities; solidarity; swedes; theory; thompson; örebro
• Youth-led climate strikes: fresh opportunities and enduring challenges for youth research - commentary to Bowman by Wood, Bronwyn; Wood, Bronwyn (2020) - Parents around the world mobilise behind youth climate strikes. Imagining future worlds alongside young climate activists: a new framework for research. Keywords: change; climate; new; people; research; strikes; youth
• Beyond imagining: enacting intergenerational response-ability as world-building – commentary to Bowman by Lock, Raichael; Lock, Raichael (2020) - https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.98008 This Reflection considers Bowman’s call to researchers to respond to young peoples’ concerns about the climate crisis as a world-building project suggesting that researchers can support young people by helping them imagine the future. The challenge is how adults concerned with the climate crisis can work alongside young people to promote and create effective change. Keywords: ability; change; climate; future; people; response
• Covid-19 discloses unequal geographies by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; de Sousa, Marcelo Lopes; Mitchell, Katharyne; Häkli, Jouni; Tulumello, Simone; Isabel Meier; Carastathis, Anna ; Spathopoulou, Aila; Tsilimpounidi, Myrto; Bird, Gemma; Russell Beattie, Amanda; Obradovic-Wochnik, Jelena; Rozbicka, Patrycja; Riding, James (2020) - Occupying the second position in the world in terms of total cases and deaths, behind only the United States, Brazil is probably close to an unprecedent catastrophe: 'inspired' by examples of inconsistency given by the government itself, many people have gradually started to flock to the streets and even to the beaches, without paying attention to the prescriptions regarding physical distancing and the use of protective masks. No Recourse to Public Funds is a condition applied to many migrants, meaning that a person has no entitlement to welfare benefits, to asylum support or public housing, which puts many people and families at high risk of homelessness and destitution. Keywords: brazil; cases; coronavirus; country; covid-19; crisis; editorial; european; fennia; finland; government; greece; health; measures; pandemic; people; reflections; research; state; work; workers; working; world

• Societal impact through lingual plurality by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Heikkinen, Anna Marjaana; Riding, James; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2021) - It continued the tradition of publishing PhD and licentiate theses in parallel with research articles until the early 1990s. We began this tryout by publishing popularized texts based on Fennia articles in Finnish (Lehtinen 2018; Kaisto 2019), and by asking commentaries to articles popularized in English from Finnish experts (Sawatzky & Albrecht 2018). Keywords: albrecht; article; commentary; english; fennia; finland; journal; languages; publishing; research; work; youth
• Languaging as refusal by Aparna, Kolar; Hamzah, Saba; Aparna, Kolar (2023) - They protest to our focus on language, understood as diverting from an anti-racist agenda, while not giving any space for Dutch speaking students to express their struggles with the English language. This term has been overused: linguistics, scientists, researchers, politicians, priests, and everyone with authority claim borders and set laws and rules based on them, and for me I had to rethink beyond boundaries. Keywords: aparna; bodies; borders; fennia; hamzah; language; refusal; students; thesis; university; waves; writing
• Depopulation and shrinkage in a Northern context: geographical perspectives, spatial processes and policies by Albrecht, Moritz; Halonen, Maija; Syssner, Josefina; Albrecht, Moritz (2023) - Highlighting the topic of shrinking geographies at an international geographic conference held in a Nordic regional centre surrounded by shrinking places was a natural choice as it directly addresses issues of local concern. The collection is loosely framed in three sections: bordering shrinkage, contextualising development and planning in shrinking places and regions, and livelihoods of shrinking geographies. Keywords: fennia; geographies; issue; planning; processes; regions; review; shrinkage; shrinking; syssner
• 'It’s the right thing to do': specificities of the Polish response to the Ukrainian crisis by Ruszczyk, Hanna; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2022) - The research data and analytics technology group YouGov found that, in March 2022, 67% of Poles felt Poland had a moral obligation to offer asylum to Ukrainian refugees (Smith 2022). However, 16 days after the Russian invasion of Ukraine started, Poland passed a ‘Special Act’; on assistance to Ukrainian refugees, but notably, not for stateless persons and third-party nationals and their families fleeing Ukraine (European Commission 2022). Keywords: fennia; poland; poles; refugees; research; response; society; ukraine; urban
• Project management and research governance – towards a critical agenda beyond neoliberalization? – commentary to Refstie by Pascucci, Elisa; Pascucci, Elisa (2023) - In the training for EU projects management that I studied in my research, there was no mincing of words when it came to discussing the political nature of EU funding tools. Project management and research governance – towards a critical agenda beyond neoliberalization? Keywords: fennia; management; project; refstie; research
• How agriculture performs urbanity: connecting urbanization and socio-practical shifts in farming cultures by Preininger, Ernst Michael; Preininger, Ernst Michael (2024) - Many scholars have recently pointed to the concerning implications of digital farm technologies regarding socio-ethical aspects of food systems, relevant not only in industrialized regions but potentially affecting all kinds of enterprises and contexts of global agri-food production (for an overview, cf. Some see digital farm technologies as a threat to the democratization of knowledge since value created by digitization in agriculture tends to be unevenly distributed between tech providers and farmers (Lioutas & Charatsari 2022). Keywords: agriculture; business; data; dirksmeier; farmers; farming; fennia; geography; human; knowledge; new; paper; practices; research; rural; social; study; technologies; technology; urban; work
• Where is climate asylum? by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2023) - Keywords: climate asylum, climate migration, climate refuge, refugees, displacement, mobilities URN: In my own ongoing research on the New Pact, with Gintarė Kudžmaitė and Jouni Häkli, we have found that the current and developing EU policies framing migration and asylum governance express hardly any views on climate migration, and the same applies to policies of environmental governance. Keywords: asylum; change; climate; european; fennia; finland; liempt; migration; policy; research; van; work
• Practising refusal as relating otherwise: engagements with knowledge production, ‘activist’ praxis, and borders by Spathopoulou, Aila; Meier, Isabel; Spathopoulou, Aila (2023) - Contextualising refusal practices within everyday struggles for justice allows us to move beyond dominant representations and binaries. The authors articulate embodied refusal as “place-based collective action and writing that is multilingual, visceral and generative in affirming bird life and thriving more-than- human worlds” (Lobo et al. 2023, 230) Keywords: activist; authors; borders; care; collective; everyday; feminist; fennia; issue; knowledge; practices; refusal; research; simpson; struggles; studies; theory; ways
• Ethnicity and gentrification. Exploring the real estate's perspective on the revaluation of a "dangerous" street in Leipzig (Germany) by Hübscher, Marcus; Kleindienst, Elisabeth; Brose, Madlen; Hübscher, Marcus (2024) - Ethnicity and gentrification – concluding remarks on a conflictual pair “The role of ethnicity and/or ‘race’ in gentrification processes is often ambiguous” (Huse 2018, 197). Gentrification, ethnicity, and the housing market Gentrification Since Glass (1964) first described gentrification in 1964, both the process itself and its analysis have undergone considerable change (Lees et al. 2008). Keywords: area; change; city; east; eisenbahnstrasse; estate; ethnicity; fennia; gentrification; germany; housing; interviewees; leipzig; market; neighborhoods; new; paper; process; property; research; role; stakeholders; urban
• Growth and diffusion of the planetary boundaries concept by Johansson, Ola; Johansson, Ola (2025) - Subsequently, to contextualize the growth trend of planetary boundaries research, a temporal comparison was made with two established sustainability concepts—Anthropocene and ecological footprint. Of particular note is six articles by British geographer Noel Castree, which assesses geography’s contribution to planetary boundaries research. Keywords: anthropocene; articles; boundaries; boundaries concept; concept; diffusion; earth; european; fennia; footprint; global; growth; level; research; results; science; space; sustainability
• Geographies of AI: urgent need for educational strategies by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2024) - Transformative education research has identified the overconsumption of energy, water, and raw materials as key environmental concerns for a long time, which are all central to AI technology (e.g. Mathie & Wals 2022). Sustainability issues related to AI technology are not made visible to users of AI-based tools. Keywords: education; fennia; geographies; geography; human; issue; research; social; sustainability
• Towards zero-loss agriculture: addressing strawberry food loss in North Karelia, Finland by Sydd, Oswald; Sydd, Oswald (2025) - This study explores the spatially interrelated dimensions of food loss in the Finnish strawberry value chain, highlighting the intricate interactions and dynamics among various stakeholders and processes. While each entity holds a different position within the system, they collectively confront a common challenge: the complex, interdependent nature of the Finnish strawberry value chain, which shapes their roles and strategies for addressing food loss. Keywords: agriculture; berries; chain; farmers; fennia; finland; food loss; geography; harvest; labour; lens; market; mitigation; picking; policy; practices; production; quality; research; strawberries; strawberry; sustainability; value
• From leisure retreat to working heaven: factors influencing remote work from second homes by Miletić, Geran-Marko; Marinović Golubić, Marica; Peračković, Krešimir; Miletić, Geran-Marko (2025) - https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2020.1823244 Müller, D. K., Back, A. & Hoogendoorn, G. (2024) Second homes: post-pandemic perspectives on second homes and multilocal living. Fennia 203(2) 199–213 https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.164256 This paper explores the evolving function of second homes, which are no longer used solely for leisure but are increasingly becoming sites for remote work practices. Keywords: analysis; croatia; fennia; home; ict; leisure; miletić; research; respondents; services; use; work; workers; working
• Geographies in/of translation by Hammond, Timur; Houssay-Holzschuch, Myriam; Koopman, Sara; Placial, Claire; Zhao, Yimin; Dorf Nielsen, Henrik; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James (2025) - Given the breadth of what ‘translation’ can denote, we highlight three linked senses: translation as a practice of moving between different languages; translation as an embodied and ethical act of interpretation; and translation as always implicated within uneven power relations, bearing the potential to both reproduce those relations and to transform them. Advocates for multilingual academia have different views on the role and modes of translation, ranging from a preference on publishing in different languages and avoiding translations tout court, to encouraging translation between languages but with a critical approach towards machine translation, to those who see translation as a major solution for making all research accessible, which reduces the need to publish in different languages. Keywords: english; fennia; finnish; geographers; geography; journal; kallio; knowledge; languages; practices; publishing; research; translation; turkish; urban; use; work
• Mapping the forbidden by Olsson, Gunnar (2010) - For these reasons of power and socialization I am once again reminded of Enuma elish, the Babylo- nian tale of how the god Marduk gained and re- tained his elevated position as the lord of lords. and therein lies in my mind the real reason for keeping the abysmal gap be- tween categories taboo, for it is in the ontological transformations of the excluded middle that the magicians of power are performing their tricks. Keywords: abyss; fennia; law; lord; map; middle; mind; olsson; place; power; reason; thought; way
• Spatial and temporal representativeness of water monitoring efforts in the Baltic Sea coast of SW Finland by Erkkilä, Anne; Kalliola, Risto (2007) - Data record and analytical properties of water sampling data collected from the Hertta-PIVET register (see also SFS 3049 1977; SFS 3013 1983; SFS 5772 1993). The complex geomor- phology and complicated hydrodynamic condi- tions of the region (Tolvanen et al. 2004; Tolvanen & Suominen 2005), combined with the presence of a strong human influence with diverse environ- mentally hazardous activities, call for a dense net- work of water monitoring stations. Keywords: archipelago; baltic; chlorophyll; data; environmental; et al; fennia; finland; monitoring; productivity; sampling; sea; stations; study; water; water monitoring; years
• Indigenous forests fragmentation and the signifi cance of ethnic forests for conservation in the North Pare, the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania by Ylhäisi, Jussi (2004) - In the near future, forest products will have a higher value and de- mand due to increasing economic activities and simultaneously diminishing forest area. Forest area, fragmentation, and loss in the Eastern Arc Mountains: implications for the conservation of biological diversity. Keywords: areas; biodiversity; conservation; eastern; fennia; fig; forests; fragmentation; government; habitat; km2; land; mountains; north; npm; pare; reserves; sites; size; species; tanzania; tpfs; village; ylhäisi
• The changing landforms of Finland by Tikkanen, Matti (2002) - Such layers are to be found nowadays only in the ice divide zones of northern Finland, where glacial erosion was ineffective. Lake Inari in northern Finland is located at least in part in a bedrock depression, or graben, and some of FENNIA 180: 1–2 (2002) 27The changing landforms of Finland the groups of fjelds surrounding it are horsts rounded off by erosion. Keywords: aartolahti; area; bedrock; deposits; fennia; finland; ice; landforms; metres; surface; tikkanen; years
• From relations to dissociations in spatial thinking: Sámi ‘geographs’ and the promise of concentric geographies by Lehtinen, Ari Aukusti (2011) - The new spatial vocabulary, when applied with- out proper reflection regarding its theoretical and political implications, carries according to Si- monsen the risk of guiding geographers toward non-social thinking. How has this conceptualisation of one single world of plenitude taken place in human geography? Keywords: 2004; braun; communication; communities; example; fennia; geographies; geography; human; immanent; lehtinen; lingual; nature; non; place; politics; relations; renewal; space; sámi; thinking; type; university; wilderness; withdrawal
• Performing national identity through Peruvian food migration in Santiago de Chile by Imilan, Walter (2015) - Its main argument is that Peruvian migrants in Santiago construct their national identity by appropriating the official narrative surrounding Peruvian food and cuisine. Peruvian food marking Santiago Peruvian migration to Santiago, especially during the last 15 years, has transformed the urban land- scape (Imilan 2014). Keywords: chile; city; communities; community; construction; cuisine; culinary; event; fennia; food; gastronomy; identity; imilan; lima; migrants; migration; new; peru; practices; research; restaurants; santiago; social; stands
• Contrasting short-term performance of mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) treeline along a latitudinal continentality-maritimity gradient in the southern Swedish Scandes by Öberg, Lisa; Kullman, Leif (2012) - A main conclusion from the present study is that one and the same climatic fluctuation does not everywhere lead to the same pattern and magni- tude of birch treeline change (cf. In area C, treeline birches are confined to more mon- ospecific and xerophilic Vaccinium myrtills-heaths. Keywords: alpine; area; birch; century; change; climate; ecology; et al; fennia; forest; growth; journal; kullman; kullman l; mountain; performance; period; rise; scandes; snow; soil; study; swedish; treeline; warming; öberg
• Handing over the baton by Minoia, Paola; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2016) - In addition to individual papers, Fennia wel- comes special issues on topical themes as well as special sections that we will start publishing as part of regular issues (e.g. polemic debates, author meets critics, interventions). By these means, we aim to provide an alternative publication channel to journals owned by big publication houses. Keywords: editorial; fennia; journal; publication
• Endemic time-spaces of Finland: from wilderness lands to ‘vacant production spaces’ by Mustonen, Tero (2017) - However, the Finnish Iron Age wilderness territories and community land use remain partly an enigma. The transformation of traditional Finnish land use emerges strongest in the undefined community commons, many of which are to do with the occupancies of the particular villages. Keywords: areas; case; communities; context; environmental; fennia; finland; finnish; justice; kuivasjärvi; lands; lehtinen; mustonen; production; rights; spaces; state; sámi; territories; time; uses; wilderness
• Towards a cultural geopolitics: on the making of a documentary-poetry film about a post-conflict place by Riding, James; Wake-Walker, Jack (2017) - Jeffrey, A. (2006) Building state capacity in post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina: the case of Brčko District. Bieber, F. (2006) Post-war Bosnia: ethnicity, inequality and public sector governance. Keywords: bosnia; bridges; conflict; cosgrove; cultural; documentary; fennia; film; geography; herzegovina; images; landscape; laycock; london; new; past; place; poetry; post; press; riding; stuart; university; war
• Subtle radical moves in scientific publishing by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina (2017) - The experience I have gained in journal publishing – as author, reviewer, editor and publisher – points towards peer reviewing as a particularly critical element in the publication process. We convened in April at the Boston AAG conference in a panel session introducing and debating the non-commercial alternatives in journal publishing in geography. Keywords: fennia; journals; manuscript; publishing; review; reviewers; work
• Performing “home” in the sharing economies of tourism: the Airbnb experience in Sofia, Bulgaria by Roelofsen, Maartje (2018) - In other words, the processes of inclusions and exclusions shape Airbnb homes – like they do other non-commoditised homes (see also Blunt & Varley 2004). By fleshing out some of these “inherited” socialist materialities I firstly show how specific objects and home spatialities both enable, constrain and guide performances of Airbnb homes in Sofia. Keywords: airbnb; anne; economy; experience; fennia; guests; home; hosts; labour; life; new; performance; place; platform; practices; sharing; sofia; spaces; time; tourism; work
• Six sideways reflections on academic publishing by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James (2017) - Ever more assessments and criteria, models and formula are creating a widening disconnection between university management and academic staff, and are indeed reducing the quality of academic research, preventing critical interrogations, critical thought and pedagogy, for fear of not fitting into this narrow model (Gray 2003). A present tragedy of publishing in the academic world is that, as international scholars, we are all increasingly pressured to produce research papers that meet certain externally imposed standards. Keywords: fennia; journal; publishing; reflections; research
• A question of time – or academic subjectivity? by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Hyvärinen, Pieta (2017) - At the same time, Finnish scholars find less and less time to engage with the society-based publishing system that requires even more voluntary work than academic publishing in general. The critical discussion series on academic publishing includes contributions from Michael Jones, Simon Batterbury, Derek Ruez, Sara Fregonese, and the editors of Human Geography (Finn et al. 2017) and ACME (Springer et al. 2017), preceded by an editorial introduction (Riding & Kallio 2017). Keywords: fennia; journals; publishing; question; research; society; time
• The suppression of welcome by Gill, Nick (2018) - https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.70040 One way to interpret the organisation of refugee welcome in Europe is by thinking about the tension between the official response and the grassroots response to the events. Many of these groups and initiatives had existed before 2015, but grew in number, magnitude and influence as the issue of refugee welcome gained prominence. Keywords: asylum; europe; fennia; gill; hospitality; international; refugee; research; right; state; ways; welcome; wing
• ’Alternative’ journal publishing and the economy of academic prestige by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Metzger, Jonathan (2018) - What perhaps particularly distinguishes the current moment is the wholesale capitalization of this economy of academic prestige, which has been facilitated through various forms of quantification that all contribute to translating the symbolic prestige of academic publishing into concrete cash-in-hand for individual academics (new positions, publication bonuses, etc.), universities (research evaluation frameworks, grants), and the whole billion-dollar global academic publishing industry dominated by a small number of for-profit enterprises, generally producing perverse profit margins. As noted by Fyfe and colleagues (2017) in a recent paper on the relationship between academic prestige and scientific publishing: “…[I]n Britain in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, scholarly reputation was still closely correlated with social standing. Keywords: commentary; fennia; journal; prestige; publishing; research
• Dialogical peer-review and non-profit open-access journal publishing: welcome to Fennia by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James (2018) - Academic journals can be unwelcoming places with paywalls now commonplace, making research accessible only to a privileged minority. We make these attempts due to certain negative experiences when publishing in academic journals, and they emerge from discussions in person and in print with editors of other radical non-profit fully open-access journals, such as ACME (Springer et al. 2017) and Human Geography (Finn et al. 2017). Keywords: academic; article; fennia; gill; peer; planning; review; welcome
• Envisioning human security – commentary to Gill by Morrissey, John (2018) - In recent years, I have been trying to think about ways to insist upon broader visions of security, and this led me to the creation of an Irish Research Council project entitled ‘Haven’, which draws upon the UNDP’s concept of ‘human security’ (Morrissey 2018). In other words, defining security and acquiring resources for the kind of ‘security solution’ deemed necessary is paramount. Keywords: crisis; fennia; gill; international; morrissey; security; vision
• Fennia: positioning a 'peripheral' but international journal under the condition of academic capitalism by Paasi, Anssi (2013) - NBN:fi:tsv-oa7787 DOI: 10.11143/7787 Fennia: positioning a ‘peripheral’ but international journal under conditions of academic capitalism ANSSI PAASI Paasi, Anssi (2013). Fennia: positioning a ‘peripheral’ but international journal under conditions of academic capitalism. Keywords: academic; articles; english; fennia; finnish; geographers; geography; isi; journals; new; paasi; publishing; scholars; science; universities; world
• R.I.P. Resilience by Andresen, Silje Aurora (2019) - I found support in Rogers’ (2015) argument that contextually sensitive frameworks together with high- quality case studies, equally preoccupied with the positive potential of resilience as with the potential negative impacts, should guide resilience research. Resilience and I first crossed paths at the beginning of my PhD journey in Geography. Keywords: agenda; concept; fennia; phd; resilience
• Open policies, open practices – open attitudes? by Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Riding, James (2019) - Our experience from the past two years as editors indicates that open review processes invite people to appreciate these kinds of principles. In Fennia, we ask the reviewers from open processes to write their comments into an easily accessible format that can be published in our Reflections section along with the article. Keywords: article; children; commentaries; fennia; future; process; processes; publishing; research; review; reviewers
• Collective editorial on the neoliberal university by Riding, James; Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina; Behroozi, Pegah; Berg, Lawrence D.; Brackebusch, Alexander; Derksen, Murray ; Ducs, Jodine ; Henriksen, Ida Marie ; Huijbens, Edward H. ; Sætre Jakobsen, Thomas ; Jones, Michael ; Magusin, Heather ; Parker, Ariele ; Peak, Adriane ; Pyyry, Noora ; Refstie, Hilde; Smeplass, Eli ; Tao, Hongyang; Thorshaug , Ragne Øwre ; Riding, James (2019) - We welcome further contributions to our Reflections section from anyone willing to participate in this discussion on the neoliberalization of academia, and to reflect upon industrial action at UK universities and the changes to working conditions and knowledge production at universities globally. Such principles resonates with inclusive values in the welfare states, including university democracy and worker rights but are increasingly being regarded as non- competitive, and therefore ignored as universities are thought of as generic economical organizations. Keywords: academic; academy; collective; competition; editorial; fennia; knowledge; neoliberal; new; research; students; time; universities; university; urban; use; work

• From cyberspace to cyberspatialities? by Ferreira, Daniela; Vale, Mário; Ferreira, Daniela (2021) - Firstly, there is internet information space which refers to the information which is stored in sets, sites or systems within the internet (Fabrikant & Buttenfield 2001). Virtual space concept is the widest term and it includes all others. Keywords: access; cyberspace; geography; graham; information; internet; london; new
• “Freedom is a treasure that only those who lose it can know”: a spatiotemporal exploration of 22 Iraqi women’s interlegalities by Gadd, Katri; Ubeis, Faleha; Gadd, Katri (2023) - Iraqi women are situated at the intersections of the coexisting legal spaces and stratifications of various scales and multiple normative orders that have been deeply embedded in Iraqi religious and tribal traditions throughout time. The concept of interlegalities is a useful tool for conceptualising the multifaceted interconnections in the legal landscape of Iraqi women. Keywords: body; boundaries; family; freedom; gadd; geography; interlegalities; iraq; laws; maps; orders; research; rights; social; spaces; study; time; women
• Leaving or rescuing the (story) map? – commentary to Saxinger, Sancho Reinoso and Wentzel by Lo Presti, Laura; Lo Presti, Laura (2022) - In this respect, when the authors admit that many members of their research group had little or even no training in using ArcGIS and digital story maps, this 70 FENNIA 200(1) (2022)Reflections revelation does not really surprise me, because many cultural and social geographers, particularly in Europe, could confess the same. Keywords: cartographic humanities, story maps, post-representational cartography, anthropology, geography Laura Lo Presti (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-0376), University of Padova, Department of Historical and Geographic Sciences and the Ancient World, Italy. Keywords: cartography; geographers; geography; mapping; maps; story
• Using easy read formats in geography by Jones, Daniel; Jones, Daniel (2024) - NBN:fi:tsv-oa148662 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.148662 Reflections Using easy read formats in geography DANIEL P. JONES Jones, D. P. (2024) Using easy read formats in geography. Keywords: geography; read; work
• Powerful geography for Dutch schools: the perspectives of academic geographers by Beneker, Tine; Beneker, Tine (2025) - https://doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2017.1320899 Muller, J. (2022) Powerful knowledge, disciplinary knowledge, curriculum knowledge: educational knowledge in question. Moreover, my aim is to position this data set in the academic debate about ‘powerful knowledge’ and ‘Future 3 curriculum thinking’, where the role of knowledge in education and the relationship between academic knowledge and school knowledge are discussed. Keywords: béneker; content; curriculum; dutch; education; essays; future; geography; knowledge; school; students; subject; thinking; type; van; young
• Editorial: the last printed issue by Käyhkö, Jukka (2009) - Current thinking widely nurses the idea of improving competitive- ness by marrying academic research with busi- ness. Timothy Carter is a Research Professor at the Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Helsinki with 30 years of research experience in the field of cli- mate change impacts and adaptation. Keywords: change; climate; geography; professor; research; university
• Spatial characteristics of the transports in the paper mill’s supply chain by Hämäläinen, Esa; Tapaninen, Ulla (2008) - It is therefore justified and also innovative to look at paper freight transportation costs from the spa- tial point of view. There have been inventory-based exam- 84 FENNIA 186: 2 (2008)Hämäläinen Esa and Ulla Tapaninen inations concerning paper mills (e.g. Eloranta et al. 1994; Lehtonen et al. 1998; Lehtonen 2000; Ko- skinen et al. 2008). Keywords: chain; costs; geography; industry; management; mill; paper; research; study; supply; supply chain; transportation; transportation costs
• The Finnish landscape and its meanings by Raivo, Petri J. (2002) - The archipelago and its inhabitants and cultural land- scapes had been depicted earlier, of course, but chiefly in Swedish-speaking artistic circles, where- as the question of national landscapes had been very much concerned with the Finnish cultural identity. The ar- eas that had been lost could no longer be held to represent national landscapes and views, and many of the symbolic landscapes of Karelia and Lapland had to be reconstructed within the coun- try’s new boundaries. Keywords: district; environment; finland; form; geography; granö; helsinki; history; landscape; meanings; national; past; raivo; time; view
• Geography among the sciences by Abler, Ronald F. (2001) - Geography among the sciences in Finland I apologize for presenting such a parochial view of geography among the sciences today. The disparity evident in the existence of 53 specialty groups within geography versus the 24 sections in the American Association for the FENNIA 179: 2 (2001) 177Geography among the sciences Advancement of Science (AAAS), which repre- sents all of science, has not gone unnoticed or unremarked by those concerned about geogra- phy’s expansive purview. Keywords: american; association; geographers; geography; science; systems; ways
• Where lies the horizontal scientist? by Käyhkö, Jukka (2001) - Global change science – a revolu- tionary approach in climate change research. It is probably en- lightening to stress here that global change is not a synonym for climate change, as is so often mis- takenly considered to be, even in scientific con- tributions. Keywords: change; earth; geography; science; system
• From colonization to cyberspace – some challenges for contemporary geography by Koskela, Hille (2001) - It is not enough that we teach our students the methods and technologi- cal skills required in new geography. Are there research questions addressed that might unite various divisions within geography? Keywords: geographers; geography; research
• Economic geographic characteristics in the Finnish paper industry - a case study by Hämäläinen, Esa (2011) - The subject is novel and it is particularly concerned with paper mills operating in peripheral areas with minimal local demand. E-mail: esa.hamalainen@utu.fi Introduction Since 2002, Finnish paper mills have been facing particularly challenging times concerning their ex- istence and operation. Keywords: case; costs; data; geography; industry; location; market; mill; paper; prices; research; study; transportation
• Bisexuals in space and geography: more-than-queer? by Maliepaard, Emiel (2015) - She concludes that bisexuals occupy space within existing gay (and lesbian) and straight spaces; a conclusion which holds true in her theorising of sexual space as depending on a one-to-one link with the dominant sexual identity. Similar to Bell’s (1995) activist approach in chal- lenging the placelessness of geographies of bisex- ualities (also Binnie & Valentine 1999), this paper is an attempt to critically revise conceptualisations of sexual space, and bisexual space in particular. Keywords: bisexual; bisexuality; brown; everyday; gay; gender; geographies; geography; identities; identity; lesbian; queer; sexualities; space; theory
• The ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ of prisons: Carceral geography and home visits for prisoners in Finland by Moran, Dominique; Keinänen, Anssi (2012) - Draw- ing upon case studies from South Africa and the USA respectively, Dirsuweit (1999), and Sibley and van Hoven contest the Foucauldian regulation of prison space and the docility of bodies, describ- ing carceral ‘spaces… produced and reproduced on a daily basis’ (van Hoven & Sibley 2008: 1016), and the agency of inmates making ‘their own spaces, material and imagined’ (Sibley & van Hov- en 2009: 205). ‘Just duck’: the role of vision in the production of prison space. Keywords: carceral; crime; finland; furlough; geography; home; imprisonment; incarceration; inside; institution; outside; policy; prison; prisoners; social; society; spaces; work
• Geography and history education in Estonia: processes, policies and practices in an ethnically divided society from the late 1980s to the early 2000s by Veemaa, Jaanus; Jauhiainen, Jussi S. (2016) - Since the mid-1990s, the authors of geography and history school textbooks commonly accepted that Estonia could not be a neutral political actor in the contemporary world. The spatial imaginations about the Soviet time- space and geopolitical self-determination in Esto- nian geography and history school textbooks were not only about the selection of political friends and enemies but also helped to define the desira- ble ethnic relations and ways of conciliation inside Estonia. Keywords: education; estonia; geography; history; history education; history textbooks; language; national; policies; policy; practices; russian; school; school textbooks; society; soviet; state; textbooks; transformation
• Reclaiming value from academic labor: commentary by the Editors of Human Geography by Finn, John C.; Peet, Richard; Mollett, Sharlene; Lauermann, John (2017) - As a direct result, over the last decade or more, new journals have been created that specifically endeavor to offer routes around corporate/capitalist academic publishing, and several existing journals have removed themselves from this profit- driven ecosystem. As a direct result, over the last decade or more, new journals have been created that specifically endeavor to offer routes around corporate/capitalist academic publishing, and several existing journals have removed themselves from this profit-driven ecosystem. Keywords: geography; journal; labor; publishing
• Say ‘Yes!’ to peer review: Open Access publishing and the need for mutual aid in academia by Springer, Simon; Houssay-Holzschuch, Myriam; Villegas, Claudia; Gahman, Levi (2017) - There is something to be said about withholding one’s labour when journals are under corporate control, but when it comes to Open Access journals such denial is effectively unacceptable. We argue that peer review should be considered as a form of mutual aid, which is rooted in an ethics of cooperation. Keywords: access; acme; geographies; geography; journal; peer; review
• Evaluating otherwise: hierarchies and opportunities in publishing practices by Ruez, Derek (2017) - Building on Kirsi Pauliina Kallio’s (2017) editorial on subtle radical moves in academic publishing, my goal here is to offer some further reflections on an area of publishing practices where potential interventions, even small ones, could be made toward creating a more pluralistically international publishing environment – as one modest step toward decolonizing the discipline. Such a tactic need not preclude other work to contest rankings hierarchies and audit cultures as they advance the neoliberalization of academic work, but it does 1) suggest the importance of paying attention to what and how scholars value when we evaluate publishing outlets and 2) point toward the potential of critical and creative engagement with the range of processes (i.e. indexing, accrediting, measuring, ranking etc.) that surround and subsist within academic publishing. Keywords: geography; international; practices; publication; publishing; rankings; scholars; work
• Socially just publishing: implications for geographers and their journals by Batterbury, Simon (2017) - An example Other commentators in this Reflection speak to their own experiences with journal publishing and academic labour. Still run by two academics and with an international editorial board, JPE is part of the DIY sector for journal publishing. Keywords: access; article; authors; geographers; geography; journals; publishers; publishing
• Editorial by Käyhkö, Jukka; Minoia, Paola (2012) - The board now includes the following members: Thomas Allen (East Caro- lina University), Marco Antonsich (University of Loughborough), Jørgen Bærenholdt (Roskilde Uni- versity), Lawrence Berg (University of British Co- lumbia), Diane K. Davis (University of California), Bruce Forbes (University of Lapland), Francois Ge- menne (Sciences Po Paris), David C. Harvey (Uni- versity of Exeter), Hill Kulu (University of Liver- pool), Niina Käyhkö (University of Turku), Rachael McDonnell (University of Oxford), Anssi Paasi (University of Oulu), Petri Pellikka (University of Helsinki), Jarkko Saarinen (University of Oulu), Gunhild Setten (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Heidi Soosalu (Tallin University of Technology), Markku Sotarauta (University of Tampere), and Benno Werlen (Friedrich Schiller University of Jena). Keywords: geography; journal; university
• Dissonance: scientific paradigms underpinning the study of sound in geography by Paiva, Daniel (2018) - He distinguished between aural geography, which would be “a sensuous geography derived from the ears” (Rodaway 1994, 84); and sonic geography, which “would refer to the spatial organization of sounds and characteristics of places in terms of sound” (ibid., 84). Besides collecting and publishing the recordings of environmental sounds (e.g. World Soundscape Project 1973), Schafer (1977) was dedicated to create and develop a series of concepts to address sound qualitatively, most notably the concept of soundscape (originally presented by Southworth 1969) which refers to the set of sounds hearable at a certain location. Keywords: duffy; environment; geographies; geography; human; listening; london; music; noise; social; sound; soundscape; space; studies; study
• Understanding (un)certainty in human geographic quantitative spatial analysis – commentary to Tulumello by Kotavaara, Ossi (2019) - Understanding (un)certainty in human geographic quantitative spatial analysis – commentary to Tulumello URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa80216 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.80216 Reflections Understanding (un)certainty in human geographic quantitative spatial analysis – commentary to Tulumello OSSI KOTAVAARA Kotavaara, O. (2019) In this spirit, I dare to state that positivism, logical empiricism, and behaviourism should be understood as historical strata buried deep under the actual foundations of present human geographic quantitative spatial analysis, instead of understanding them as vigorous paradigms in this field (Sheppard 2001). Keywords: analysis; geography; human; models; uncertainty
• The long shadows cast by the field: violence, trauma, and the ethnographic researcher by Taylor, Stephen; Taylor, Stephen (2019) - Emotions silenced, traumas downplayed The current and ongoing silencing of emotion within geographical accounts of field research, identified as a concern by Davidson, Bondi and Smith (2005), can be traced back to two key influences. In particular, universities play a significant role in preparing graduate students for field research through the provision of intellectual support, mentorship, and access to insurance protections. Keywords: africa; caretta; emotion; experiences; field; fieldwork; geography; health; khayelitsha; professional; ptsd; research; researchers; south; space; time; trauma; university; violence
• Environmental citizenship in geography and beyond by Huttunen, Suvi; Salo, Miikka; Aro, Riikka; Turunen, Anni; Aro, Riikka (2020) - Environmental citizenship provides a useful tool to conceptualize the relation between citizenship and the environment. However, there exists considerable variation in the ways environmental citizenship is understood regarding both the aspect of citizenship and the relationship to the environment. Keywords: action; citizenship; concept; context; dobson; environment; food; geography; humans; non; rights; space; studies

• The burden of mobility: multi-local living and its effects on infrastructure, services, and housing markets in rural areas by Lehtonen, Olli; Voutilainen, Olli; Heiskanen, Venla; Lehtonen, Olli (2024) - Identifying multi-local living in municipality categories The identification of multi-local municipalities is carried out in this study with a cluster analysis (Jain & Dubes 1988). Due to the small number of multi-local municipalities, the sampling algorithm was used with replacement. Keywords: areas; availability; costs; data; effects; et al; finland; homes; housing; infrastructure; lifestyle; living; locality; matching; multi; municipalities; municipality; population; prices; services; voutilainen
• Importance of mountain height and latitude for the altitudinal distribution limits of vascular plants in Scandinavia: are the mountains high enough? by Odland, Arvid (2010) - This indicates that the low- land, the boreal, and high altitudinal species show the same altitudinal trend. High altitudinal species are mostly found 800–900 m lower in these areas compared with their max limits in Scandinavia, while lowland and boreal species are mostly found approximately 400 m lower than their max limits in Scandinavia. Keywords: areas; distribution; fig; forest; height; limits; mountain; plants; scandinavia; species; study; table; trend
• Grazing history affects the tree-line ecotone: a case study from Hardanger, Western Norway by Potthoff, Kerstin (2009) - However, on a local scale, global and regional climatic forces are mod- ified by controlling factors related to topography, soil, microclimate, tree species, recent biotic and human influences, and site history (Kjällgren & Kullmann 2002; In each 10 × 10 m plot, tree species were identi- fied and the number of trees was counted. Keywords: areas; berastølen; cover; ecology; ecotone; et al; farm; fig; grazing; ground; history; indicator; intensity; line; mountain; number; species; storlii; study; tree; use; vegetation; years
• Participatory mapping and geographical patterns of the social landscape values of rural communities in Zanzibar, Tanzania by Fagerholm, Nora; Käyhkö, Niina (2009) - This case study applies participatory and GIS techniques in the mapping and geo- graphical analysis of social landscape values in a multifunctional cultural land- scape in Zanzibar island, Tanzania. Social landscape values are subjectively experi- enced, place-related and contextual, and tend to vary spatially (Tuan 1977; Zube 1987). Keywords: areas; brown; data; forest; informants; landscape; landscape values; management; mapping; matemwe; participatory; patterns; places; planning; study; subsistence; use; values; zanzibar
• The geography of HIV/AIDS in Portugal by Santana, Paula; Nogueira, Helena (2004) - Paixão (2003) indicates that the rate of incidence of AIDS cases, FENNIA 182: 2 (2004) 97The geography of HIV/AIDS in Portugal in 2001, was 105.8 per million inhabitants (257.5 per million inhabitants, HIV non-symptomatic). Maybe for some of these reasons, in the last ten years, a decrease has been observed: the number of AIDS cases motivated by HIV-2 was between 10% and 12% in the fi rst years of the 90’s, whereas in early 2001 this number was only 3.9% of the total number of AIDS cases. Keywords: aids; areas; cases; factor; hiv; portugal; smr
• Regeneration of trees in the treeline ecotone: northern Finnish Lapland by Holtmeier, Friedrich-Karl; Broll, Gabriele; Müterthies, Andreas; Anschlag, Kerstin (2003) - However, at the base of the hummocks, usually covered by grasses and her- baceous vegetation, mountain birch seedlings oc- cur (Fig. 6 d). Waterlogging, on the other hand, does not obviously impede establishment of mountain birch seedlings as long as the upper- most soil is not continuously saturated. Keywords: areas; birch; conditions; ecotone; fig; forest; growth; holtmeier; koahppeloaivi; low; mountain; northern; pallastunturi; pine; reindeer; research; seedlings; sites; slope; snow; soil; study; topography; treeline; trees; wind
• Georeferenced data as a tool for monitoring the concentration of population in Finland in 1970–1998 by Rusanen, Jarmo; Muilu, Toivo; Colpaert, Alfred; Naukkarinen, Arvo (2003) - This is defined here in two ways: as an increase in population density per square kilometre when using grid cell data, and as an in- creasingly larger proportion of the population liv- ing in a progressively smaller number of munici- palities. Aims, data and methods We set out here to describe 1) the changes in pop- ulation that have taken place within the spatial and settlement structure of Finland by means of 1 x 1 km grid cell data, 2) the methods available for the analysis of population data, and 3) the fac- tors highlighted by the grid cell method that can- not be identified when using administrative areal units. Keywords: areas; cell; changes; concentration; data; density; finland; grid; municipalities; population; population density; statistics; structure
• Well-being in Finland: A comparison of municipalities and residential differentiation in two cities by Siirilä, Seppo; Vaattovaara, Mari; Viljanen, Ville (2002) - In Finland, urban areas are generally bet- ter off in terms of employment and poverty. This trend is comparable with the general pattern of spatial diffusion of innovations: new phenomena, fashions and lifestyles are usually adopted first in urban areas. Keywords: areas; differences; finland; helsinki; index; metropolitan; municipalities; siirilä; urban
• Spatial turns of manufacturing since 1970 by Tykkyläinen, Markku (2002) - Changes in manufacturing employment by municipalities are used as central indicators of the transformation. A trend surface analysis indicates that manufacturing employment increased all over the country in the 1970s. Keywords: 1990s; areas; economy; employment; finland; growth; helsinki; jobs; manufacturing; percent; sector; statistics
• Contemporary population changes in north Swedish rural areas by Pettersson, Örjan (2001) - During the 1990s most municipalities and rural areas in northern Sweden have experienced renewed depopulation. Three types of rural areas with population growth have been iden- tified. Keywords: areas; changes; cities; countryside; county; growth; inhabitants; municipalities; northern; pettersson; population; region; sweden; umeå
• Brazil nut harvesting in Peruvian Amazonia from the perspective of ecosystem services by Kalliola, Risto; Flores, Pedro (2011) - Brazil nuts are harvested from the primary rainforests in the Amazonian low- lands as a direct form of sustainably using the region’s biological resources. Contaminating microor- ganisms and aflatoxins pose a continual threat, since Brazil nuts are kept for long times in bags in humid hot climate and they do not usually under- go any industrial processing before their consump- tion. Keywords: amazonia; areas; brazil; brazil nut; concessions; dios; ecosystem; forest; harvest; kalliola; madre; nut; nuts; peru; production; region; services; trees; usd
• Effect of latitude and mountain height on the timberline (Betula pubescens ssp. czerpanovii) elevation along the central Scandinavian mountain range by Odland, Arvid (2015) - Mountain timberlines. Effect on timberline elevation is, how- ever, not well known in other areas. Keywords: alpine; areas; central; climate; effect; elevation; height; kullman; latitude; mountain; mountain height; northern; odland; parts; study; temperature; timberline
• Mapping the distributive environmental justice of urban waters by Viinikka, Arto; Paloniemi, Riikka; Assmuth, Timo (2018) - Toward this aim, we selected total of four socioeconomic and demographic factors to spatially delineate homogenous residential areas and applied statistical tests to see how factors influencing socioeconomic status (income, education) and language and age have an impact on the possibility to live close urban water areas. There are however increasing challenges related to the just distribution of green and blue space in urban areas; Ernston (2013, 8) even argues: “if urban nature comes with benefits, there is almost certainly an uneven social production of such ecosystem services”. Keywords: areas; blue; clusters; environmental; green; groups; health; helsinki; hma; income; justice; language; population; urban; value; water
• The future of environmental sustainability in the Taita Hills, Kenya: assessing potential impacts of agricultural expansion and climate change by Maeda, Eduardo (2012) - The results indicate that if current trends per- sist, agricultural areas will occupy roughly 60% of the study area by 2030. The ex- pansion of agricultural areas in the Taita Hills and changes in precipitation patterns associat- ed with climate change are imminent threats for soil conservation. Keywords: areas; changes; climate; data; erosion; et al; expansion; future; hills; kenya; land; landscape; maeda; model; soil; study; taita; transition; use; water
• GIS and land cover-based assessment of ecosystem services in the North Karelia Biosphere Reserve, Finland by Poikolainen, Laura; Pinto, Guilherme; Vihervaara, Petteri; Burkhard, Benjamin; Wolff, Franzeska; Hyytiäinen, Reima; Kumpula, Timo (2019) - GIS and land cover-based assessment of ecosystem services in the North Karelia Biosphere Reserve, Finland URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa11143 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.11143 GIS and land cover-based assessment of ecosystem services in the North Karelia Biosphere Reserve, Finland LAURA POIKOLAINEN, GUILHERME PINTO, PETTERI VIHERVAARA, BENJAMIN BURKHARD, FRANZISKA WOLFF, REIMA HYYTIÄINEN AND TIMO KUMPULA Poikolainen, L., Pinto, G., Vihervaara, P., Burkhard, B., Wolff, F., Hyytiäinen, R. & Kumpula, T. (2019) Mapping of ecosystem services is one of the activities that is expected to increase the knowledge of sustainable land use planning. Keywords: areas; assessment; biodiversity; biosphere; cover; ecosystem; ecosystem services; et al; land; north; services; use; values
• Second home mobility in Finland: Patterns, practices and relations of leisure oriented mobile lifestyle by Hiltunen, Mervi Johanna; Rehunen, Antti (2014) - Second home mobility today however is charac- terised by frequent motorised travelling between home and second home, especially on weekends and holidays. Second home mobility in Finland: Patterns, practices and relations of leisure oriented mobile lifestyle. Keywords: areas; cottage; distance; finland; home; home mobility; home owners; home tourism; life; mobility; müller; patterns; population; practices; rural; second; study; time; tourism; travel; trips; urban; users

• Covid-19: magnifying pre-existing urban problems by Valizadeh, Paria; Iranmanesh, Aminreza; Iranmanesh, Aminreza (2022) - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22601-6 Haffajee, R., Parmet, W. E. & Mello, M. M. (2014) Responses of activism and urban social movements in times of COVID-19 pandemic crisis in Lisbon. Keywords: capital; cities; city; covid-19; crisis; digital; life; new; pandemic; public; right; social; space
• Assessing travel time-based accessibility to outdoor ice skating fields for children in Helsinki during the COVID-19 pandemic by van der Lijn, Charlotte; Nurmi, Marisofia; Hasanen, Elina; Pyykönen, Janne; Salmi, Lotta; Salmikangas, Anna-Katriina; Vehkakoski, Kirsi; Virmasalo, Ilkka; Toivonen, Tuuli; Muukkonen, Petteri; Nurmi, Marisofia (2022) - This paper aims to build a better understanding of the travel time-based accessibility to informal sports facilities, specifically to ice skating fields, for children and adolescents (aged 7–19) in the city of Helsinki. We focused on the winter of 2020–2021 because COVID-19 restrictions on indoor activities resulted in ice skating fields being among the few public facilities that could remain open. Keywords: accessibility; activity; children; city; finland; frozen; helsinki; ice skating; minutes; pandemic; population; public; skating fields; sports; time; transport; travel; travel time; walking; winter
• Construction of the Ukrainian identity in a neighbourhood: the role of the host society. Example of the Parc de l’Ukraine in Rosemont, Montreal. by Pawliw, Kim; Berthold, Étienne; Pawliw, Kim (2022) - Keywords: identity, discourses, Ukrainian community of Montreal, Municipal governing bodies, Ukrainian neighbourhood of Rosemont, Parc de l’Ukraine Kim Pawliw (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7962-4339) & Étienne Berthold (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6524-8125), Geography Dept Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada. Ukrainian community discourses regarding the replanning of the Parc de l’Ukraine During the interviews, discourses expressed by the Ukrainian community were more diverse than the ones that were conveyed by the City of Montreal. Keywords: associations; borough; city; community; discourse; festival; identity; inclusivity; l’ukraine; montreal; montreal ukrainian; neighbourhood; parc; park; patrie; professionals; replanning; representatives; rosemont; ukrainian
• Performing arts of embodied refusal amid anthropogenic climate change: the Salim Ali Biodiversity Park and Bird Sanctuary, Pune, India by Lobo, Michele; Bhagwat, Abha ; Patil, Dharmaraj; Lobo, Michele (2023) - Embodied refusal: poetry and SSASAG-led activism Dharmaraj Patil Poetry, photographs, my work as an ornithologist as well as walkathons, sit-ins, human chains, chain- fasting, rallies, silent protests along with schoolgirls holding placards, and bird walks for children are some of the ways I engage in activism with Punekars as the coordinator of the Save Salim Ali Sanctuary FENNIA 201(2) (2023) A photo shows him defiantly holding a placard saying “Metro not at the cost of birds abode”, but another captures the joy in his face as he feels the touch of a black, orange and yellow butterfly (Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary Pune 2022). Keywords: ali; bird; city; dharmaraj; india; lobo; park; patil; pune; refusal; river; salim; salim ali; sanctuary; violence
• The hidden city of immigrants in Helsinki's urban leftovers – the homogenization of the city and the lost diversity by Hewidy, Hossam; Hewidy, Hossam Raafat (2022) - This dissertation examines the capacity of urban planning to plan for diversity. The paradigm of The Right to the City is deployed to interpret the response of urban planning to multiculturalism. Keywords: city; dissertation; helsinki; immigrants; planning; retail
• The World Makers by Ravn, Kenneth; Ravn, Kenneth (2024) - The quick deployment of digital twins of cities and their interactions with the material and social elements of the ‘smart city’ have been enabled by discourses of technological optimism and the hope that smart cities can allow for solutions to ‘hard problems’ like the climate emergency. Attention to small-scale and grassroots digital twins can help us to reconsider the affordances of digital twins: the ways that they can create multiple representations of reality and can allow users to make actionable predictions. Keywords: cities; city; data; joakim; map; reality; simulation; technology; time; town; twins
• Resonances of planetarity and commons within evolving urbanisms by Pikner, Tarmo; Pikner, Tarmo (2024) - However, beyond infrastructure, urban spaces also serve as arenas for negotiating values and coexistence on Earth. The evolving nature of nuclear complexes reflects how historical-political dependencies shape new social structures and perspectives on urban space (Liubimau 2019). Keywords: cities; city; commons; earth; energy; human; life; nature; non; pikner; planetarity; public; relations; soviet; urbanisation; urbanism; waste; wind
• Rethinking urban sustainability: consumption-based emissions through the lens of planetary urbanization by Ala-Mantila, Sanna; Ala-Mantila, Sanna (2024) - A central question emerges: how should, and could, the transboundary impacts of urban consumption be incorporated into city-level climate agendas? Furthermore, current circular city strategies and supporting indicators often fail to account for upstream and offsite environmental impacts across entire value chains — focusing instead on production-based metrics and technological solutions — which obscures the true global environmental impact of urban consumption and overestimates the possibility of economic decoupling (ibid.; Keywords: cities; city; consumption; emissions; planetary; sustainability; urban; urbanization
• Lectio praecursoria: Gentrification in a welfare state: the case of Helsinki by Drain, Kevin; Drain, Kevin (2025) - My honored opponent, Professor Philip Hubbard, has argued that retail gentrification be taken seriously as its own field of study (Hubbard 2018). We often find local media celebrating retail gentrification, as with the arrival of new restaurants. Keywords: city; gentrification; helsinki; housing; planning; welfare
• Networks of European cities in worlds of global economic and environmental change by Brunn, Stanley D; Devriendt, Lomme; Boulton, Andrew; Derudder, Ben; Witlox, Frank (2010) - Geographers use a variety of economic, social, and demographic data to meas- ure the importance of global cities and the linkages between cities. in short, financial and environmental challenges faced rich industrialized countries or coastal megacities, but also small developing countries and developing world cities faced short term precarious environ- mental problems/crises in their agricultural, indus- trial or tourist economies. Keywords: athens; brussels; cities; city; crises; european; information; linkages; london; new; paris; world; york
• Two fires and two landscapes - a tale of two cities by Jones, Michael (2010) - Cowgate fire site plans to be submitted. In December 2002, fires ravaged parts of the historic city centres of Trondheim, Norway, and Edinburgh, Scotland. Keywords: architects; buildings; city; cpt; edinburgh; fire; fire site; heritage; landscape; npm; owners; planning; public; redevelopment; site; trondheim
• Contesting and re-negotiating the national in French cities: examining policies of governance, Europeanisation and co-option in Marseille and Lyon by Downing, Joseph (2015) - This article bridges this gap with a case study analysis of Marseille and Lyon to assess and typologize the ways that difference is deployed in local policy to in- fluence, contest and negotiate the discursive performance and construction of the nation. Rather, this arti- cle aims to nuance the salience of these discourses in France by demonstrating how local policies and practices may also work to dovetail with, and re- configure, them. Keywords: cities; city; difference; european; france; french; local; lyon; marseille; national; notions; policies; policy; public; state
• Performing the nation between us: urban photographic sets with young migrants by Rossetto, Tania (2015) - The debate on transnational cities has also been extended to the question of citizenship, challeng- ing the natural, taken-for-granted connection among citizenship, nation and state in the light of new forms of grassroots or supra/transnational citi- zenship (Smith 2003). Keywords: nation, Italy, scale, transnational urbanism, urban performance Tania Rossetto, Università degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche, Geografiche e dell’Antichità, Sezione di Geografia, via del Santo 26, 35123 Keywords: cities; citizenship; city; diversity; fig; migrants; nation; national; new; padua; performances; project; scale; sense; space; state; studies; transnational; urban; vista
• Helsinki: A software sorted city? A case study of the geodemographics industry in Finland by Takala, Ville (2014) - 1. Mosaic Finland groups ((A) Elite, (B) House-owner Families, (C) Responsibility with Wealth, (D) Big City Lights, (E) Paperwork and Balcony, (F) Post-Career Life, (G) Life in High-Rise, (H) House and Garden, (I) Countryside Folk & (U) Unclas- sified) in Helsinki Metropolitan Area (© Experian 2011). Mosaic Finland Helsinki map 1 (© Experian 2011). Keywords: analysis; area; average; burrows; city; classifications; data; experian; finland; finnish; geodemographics; group; helsinki; information; mosaic; software
• Replacing the nation in the age of migration: negotiating South Asian identities in Toronto by Ashutosh, Ishan (2015) - Bordering the national in urban space This section is framed around the spatialization of South Asian national divides that are reconstituted in the diaspora through the intersection of multi- cultural and transnational politics. As the baseball fields in Toronto’s parks are repurposed as cricket pitches, the immigrant second generation are evaluated in terms of what one respondent who migrated from Punjab as a child sarcastically called “Molson Canadian” norms of national identity. Keywords: asian; belonging; canada; canadian; city; community; diaspora; diasporic; identities; immigrant; integration; migration; multiculturalism; national; nationalism; new; press; south; south asians; state; toronto; university
• Ready for more-than-human? Measuring urban residents’ willingness to coexist with animals by Rupprecht, Christoph D. D. (2017) - However, some comments also demonstrate empathy with the plight of urban animals. but also geographical literature, Bjerke and Østdahl (2004) surveyed Norwegian residents’ attitudes towards common urban animals. Keywords: animals; brisbane; cities; city; human; igs; nature; planning; plants; residents; respondents; rupprecht; sapporo; space; species; study; urban; wildlife
• Studying brownfields: governmentality, the post-political, or non-essential materialism? by Conroy, William (2018) - Going further, it asserts that these frameworks fail to identify a way forward for those seeking emancipatory political interventions in the context of brownfield redevelopment and urban environmental politics. Therefore, when given a closer look, Bridgeport seems to provide fertile ground for the study of brownfield redevelopment. Keywords: bgreen; bridgeport; brownfield; capital; city; governmentality; human; land; moore; nature; non; post; redevelopment; subject; world
• The fragility of welcome – commentary to Gill by Darling, Jonathan (2018) - They expressed a much broader sensibility of welcome, one not tied to specific acts or forms of friendship, but to a generalised disposition towards asylum seekers and refugees. Instead, they sought to indicate a less demanding and less personal sense of welcome, of a generalised support in public for asylum seekers and refugees in the city. Keywords: asylum; city; drop; gill; seekers; welcome; welcoming
• Sex in the city: gender mainstreaming urban governance in Europe. The case of Sweden and Italy by Zebracki, Martin (2014) - Multiple meanings of gender equality: a critical frame analysis of gender policies in Europe. This article reviews gender mainstreaming in practices of urban governance in Europe by comparing Sweden and Italy, which have distinct welfare-state sys- tems: that of the former is firmly embedded in institutional and social structures, whereas that of the latter is markedly more familistic. Keywords: city; commission; equality; european; gender; gender mainstreaming; governance; italy; mainstreaming; new; planning; policies; policy; sweden; urban; women
• Vintage Nightlife: Gentrifying Lisbon downtown by Nofre, Jordi (2013) - In- deed, many authors have recently explored how nightlife gentrification involves a certain spatial marginalization of working-class night-time leisure activities in today’s Western cities. Furthermore, I argue that the consumption of this recently promoted vintage nightlife as a new form of social distinction can be also seen as the (re)production strategy of a socially and morally sani- tized nightlife which marginalizes everyone who is seen as inappropriate, or in other words, socially perilous to the city branding of Lisbon. Keywords: amor; cais; cities; city; class; consumption; downtown; gentrification; lisbon; new; nightlife; nofre; paper; pensão; role; social; today; urban; vintage; york
• Serving whom? Immigrant entrepreneurs in a new local context by Lilius, Johanna; Hewidy, Hossam (2019) - Typically, a differentiation is made between two sorts of ethnic entrepreneurs: middleman minorities and enclave entrepreneurs (Waldinger et al. 1990; Light & Gold 2000). Nevertheless, Basu (2011) states that many of the market barriers facing ethnic entrepreneurs are similar to those facing small businesses in general. Keywords: al e; business; city; context; country; entrepreneurs; finland; finnish; group; helsinki; immigrant; interviews; market; new; paper; research; respondents; retail; services; social; society; way
• Smart cities and innovative governance systems: a reflection on urban living labs and action research by Soeiro, Diana; Soeiro, Diana (2021) - Social innovation research: an emerging area of innovation studies? This paper establishes that ULL are a key element to implement social innovation and that social innovation should lead technological innovation and the recent smart city model to promote smart sustainable cities. Keywords: action; cities; city; concept; governance; innovation; labs; living; research; systems; technology; ull; urban

• A generative refusal: body inclusive methods with racialized women in knowledge creation by Kaptani, Erene; KAPTANI, ERENE (2023) - Racialised bodies in feminist and decolonial knowledge creation The corporeality and emotions ascribed to racialised and minoritised women hinder them from possessing knowing capacities, as according to dominant knowledge practices these ascriptions are contrary to the production of rational judgments (Collins 1990; Grosz 1993; hooks 1994; Almeida 2015). At the same time, racialised bodies appear to be stuck FENNIA 201(2) (2023) 187Erene Kaptani in a regressive and non-universal time, and thus are seen to not embody the same human qualities or valid knowledge orientations as their white counterparts (Puwar 2004; Ahmed 2006; Almeida 2015; Keywords: boal; bodies; body; creators; experiences; feminist; image; kaptani; knowledge; methods; practice; refusal; research; social; space; theatre; women
• Communicating climate change – Learning from business: challenging values, changing economic thinking, innovating the low carbon economy by Kaesehage, Katharina; Leyshon, Michael; Caseldine, Chris (2014) - Climate change as a future issue Our qualitative research undertaken identified that the physical impacts of climate change are a future concern for SMEs. Although the other 28 in- terviewed SMEs indicate that they had not materi- ally experienced climate change, they explain that they can see climate change as being relevant to them in the future through impacting socio-eco- nomic systems: ”Climate change may affect us where the wheat crops are growing because we need it for our pro- cess. Keywords: business; business leaders; climate change; communication; cornwall; decision; engagement; environmental; future; geoghegan; hoffman; individual; issues; knowledge; leaders; making; research; science; smes; social; values
• Life satisfaction among inbound university students in northern Sweden by Nilsson, Per Anders; Stålnacke, Britt-Marie (2019) - International student mobility implies both spatial and upward social mobility, indicating inequalities embedded in student mobility favouring those who have the means and resources to study abroad. Some previous studies indicate inequalities and issues of social mobility embedded in international student mobility. Keywords: country; education; et al; inbound; international; journal; life; life satisfaction; mobility; new; satisfaction; social; student mobility; students; studies; study; university
• From pragmatism to meritocracy? Views on in-house family ties on the Swedish labour market by Westin, Kerstin; Haugen, Katarina (2019) - Keywords: family ties, labour market, human resource management, qualitative interviews, thematic analysis, Sweden Katarina Haugen, Human Geography Unit, Department of Society and Economy, School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 25, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. Moreover, the impact of family ties does not necessarily cease when the recruitment process is completed, but rather continues to influence the workplace and organization in various ways, for example through positive and/or negative effects on the social work environment (Haugen & Westin 2016). Keywords: family; family ties; house; house family; informants; job; labour; market; nepotism; organizations; recruitment; social; ties; views
• Historical tools and current societal challenges: reflections on a collection of environmental migration cases by Biasillo, Roberta; Biasillo, Roberta (2020) - Keywords: climate change, storytelling, history of the present, environmental migration, environmental humanities, digital humanities Roberta Biasillo, Division of History of Science, Technology and Environment, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 74D, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. They are not simply about past climates, although climate change itself is always directly or indirectly present in the story, but rather about history as the social space where encounters take place and where new conditions for humans and societies, their companion species, and their life worlds in natures and environments are unfolding and negotiated. Keywords: 26.3.2020; archive; cases; change; climate; climate change; clisel; environmental; geo; history; international; migration; n.d; new; policy; present; social; world
• Doctoral research work and work of care: reflections in times of a pandemic by Barata, Catarina; Coutinho, Luísa; Manfredi, Federica; Schamarella, Madelon; Barata, Catarina (2020) - Research work and the work of care Lockdown took its toll as we found ourselves deprived of any social contacts except with closest family members (partners and children), the only space for interaction being a computer or mobile screen. ... resumed as online work – the digital turn While the first reaction was to stop research work, this did not last long. Keywords: care; catarina; federica; luísa; pandemic; research; social; work

• Refusals, radical vulnerability, and hungry translations – a conversation with Richa Nagar by Nagar, Richa; Meier, Isabel; Spathopoulou, Aila; Spathopoulou, Aila (2023) - A commitment to hungry translation – or the work of engaging in an ongoing relation between self and other despite the unevenness of the terrain in which such translations take place – is an essential practice for reclaiming theory for collective liberation. We were wondering whether you see hungry translations – the work of engaging in an ongoing relation between self and other despite the unevenness of the terrain in which such translations take place – also as a way of reclaiming theory for collective liberation. Keywords: journey; justice; love; nagar; richa; translations; vulnerability; work; world
• Cherishing the reproductive work within academia for securing emancipatory work outside academia – commentary to Refstie by Vela-Almeida, Diana; Diana Vela-Almeida (2022) - Keywords: neoliberal university, ethics of care, reproductive labor, transformative academia Diana Vela-Almeida (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-9750), Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. It highlights the need to build transformative practices that start in our workplaces and where reproductive labor is collectively rewarded. Keywords: academia; university; work
• What can we learn from locally led experiences in Sudan? by Eliassen-Viejo, Kari; Olwen Rowbotham, Sian; Eliassen-Viejo, Kari (2025) - Partner organisations have a good understanding of their own strengths and weaknesses, so we aim to gain a shared understanding of the context, challenges and opportunities in order to support the organisations we work with to reach their goals. NPA had already been working in Sudan since 2022, supporting civil society organisations in the democratic movement. Keywords: humanitarian; organisations; partners; support; work
• Distance between home and workplace as a factor for job satisfaction in the North-West Russian oil industry by Spies, Mattias (2006) - Mean rank comparison distance and job satisfaction groups. Table 3 contains the average ranks of those groups and shows increasing figures indicating increasing commuting distance. Keywords: commuting; differences; distance; distance commuting; employees; factors; groups; home; job; job satisfaction; mean; oil; russia; satisfaction; severtek; time; work; workplace
• Rural restructuring and gendered micro-dynamics of the agricultural labour market by Hedlund, Martin; Lundmark, Linda; Stjernström, Olof (2017) - Furthermore, with the individual rather than the sector as a vantage point, it is possible to capture how agricultural employment is related to the larger labour market. Answering the above questions gives a picture of the labour-market dynamics involved in the decline of agricultural employment in Sweden. Keywords: age; agriculture; cohort; employment; farm; labour; market; rural; sector; women; work
• Refuge: transforming a broken refugee system by Pascucci, Elisa (2017) - This material imprint, including the (often precarious) employment the humanitarian sector offers to a growing number of refugees (Farah 2010; Malkin 2015), has effects that need to be taken into account in any discussion of refugee governance. The book advances arguments that have been and will be widely discussed, and that will continue to influence and likely inform refugee policies in the near future. Keywords: 2017b; authors; betts; book; collier; international; new; refugee; work
• Can research quality be measured quantitatively? On quality of scholarship, numerical research indicators and academic publishing - experiences from Norway by Jones, Michael Richard Handley (2017) - Can research quality be measured quantitatively? On quality of scholarship, numerical research indicators and academic publishing – experiences from Norway URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa66602 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.66602 Reflections: On Publishing Can research quality be measured quantitatively? Keywords: academic; articles; journal; level; norwegian; peer; points; publication; publication points; publishing; quality; research; science; university; work
• Governing political spaces through “future work” – commentary to Jones by Moisio, Sami (2019) - I suggest that the constant production of governmental imaginaries dealing with the future should be understood as “future work” that is an essential dimension of a broader phenomenon of “territory work” whereby processes of re-territorialization and de-territorialization come together. Keywords: governance, future work, political space, capitalism Sami Moisio, Department of Geosciences and Geography/Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies, Yliopistonkatu 3, PO Box 4, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. Keywords: act; future; governance; jones; knowledge; work
• Covid-19 and doctoral research in Brazil and Portugal: who pays the bill for confinement and remote work in research? by Barbosa, Roseli Bregantin; BARBOSA, ROSELI (2020) - Facilities introduced by the pandemic in doctoral research activities The most significant advantage that doctoral research obtained with the confinement of a large part of the population based in Brazil and Portugal was the increased availability of people to answer questionnaires and grant interviews online. Covid-19 and doctoral research in Brazil and Portugal: who pays the bill for confinement and remote work in research? URN: Keywords: brazil; pandemic; portugal; research; researchers; work

• Hydropowering sustainability transformation: policy frames on river use and restoration in Finland by Albrecht, Eerika; Lukkarinen, Jani; Hakkarainen, Miikka; Soininen, Niko; Albrecht, Eerika (2023) - Our results, although scrutinising a water governance system in one national context, has wider implications for research on social-ecological systems, as our study reveals the policy frames reflecting the crucible in which the modes of power, multiple values and interests, multiple interpretations of policy problems, and preferred outcomes on river restoration hydropower projects. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26021-1_18 https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1710 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1936-704X.2016.03215.x http://jultika.oulu.fi/files/isbn9789526202518.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.09.003 https://doi.org/10.2458/JPE.2363 http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/isbn978-952-62-0239-6 http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/isbn978-952-62-0239-6 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912776117 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2014.10.003 60 FENNIA 201(1) (2023)Research paper Bellmore, J. R., Duda, J. J., Craig, L. S., Greene, S. L., Torgensen, C. E., Collins, M. J. & Vittum, K. (2017) Status and trends of dam removal in the United States. Keywords: actors; change; energy; environmental; et al; finland; fish; frames; governance; hydropower; news; policy; removal; restoration; river; scale; socio; sustainability; water; yle
• Shrinking geographies or challenged rurality’s? Three points of reflection – commentary to Syssner by Meijer, Marlies; Meijer, Marlies (2023) - Lohues (2008) – singer-songwriter from Drenthe, the Netherlands With her keynote and publication in Fennia, Josefina Syssner (2022) offers a very comprehensive overview of how the research agenda’s for understanding rural shrinking geographies have developed over the past decades. In the Netherlands, and probably other North-Western European countries as well, we mostly witness a large share of older migrants as a cause of rural population growth. Keywords: geographies; policy; population; rural; shrinkage; syssner
• Learning from and with shrinking regions for global transformations – commentary to Syssner by Kovanen, Sunna; Kovanen, Sunna (2023) - Learning from and with shrinking regions for global transformations – commentary to Syssner URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa122756 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.122756 Reflections Learning from and with shrinking regions for global transformations – commentary to Syssner SUNNA KOVANEN Kovanen, S. (2022) Learning from and with shrinking regions for global transformations – commentary to Syssner. Syssner shows, that this does not matter only for the people in shrinking regions themselves. Keywords: global; policy; regions; shrinkage; shrinking; syssner
• Revisiting the ‘dual imperative’ of forced-migration studies – commentary to Refstie by Lyytinen, Eveliina; Lyytinen, Eveliina (2022) - In one of our seminars, our excellent keynote speaker Anna Lundberg reminded of this with the ethics checklist that she had developed in the context of refugee research, upon which we expanded in a blog piece on research ethics (Leinonen et al. 2020). With this short reflective piece, then, I would like to turn my attention to this dual imperative in conjunction with openly exploring the kinds of challenges I have faced whilst aiming to conduct refugee research that is at the same time relevant for policy and policy critical. Keywords: action; finland; migration; policy; research; studies
• Moving policy out of time – commentary to Refstie by Lorne, Colin; Lorne, Colin (2022) - I did wonder, though, what might constitute ‘rooted research’ for policy researchers traversing the circuits of fast policy? Rather, fast policy researchers differently negotiate multiple, contradictory subjectivities which, in different times and spaces, may be altogether far more precarious (Lorne 2020). Keywords: policy; refstie; research; researchers; time
• Future as an object of governance – commentary to Jones by Luukkonen, Juho (2019) - NBN:fi:tsv-oa80372 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.80372 Reflections Future as an object of governance – commentary to Jones JUHO LUUKKONEN Luukkonen, J. (2019) Future as an object of governance – commentary to Jones. Keywords: future; geographers; governance; jones; object; policy
• Mining conflicts in the European Union: environmental and political perspectives by Kivinen, Sonja; Kotilainen, Juha; Kumpula, Timo; Kivinen, Sonja (2020) - Mining conflicts in the European Union: environmental and political perspectives. While mining conflicts have arisen during all the phases of the life cycle of a mine, new mining projects have been well presented amongst the conflicts. Keywords: commission; concerns; conflicts; ejatlas; energy; environmental; european; impacts; justice; land; materials; minerals; mining; mining conflicts; new; non; policy; union
• Russia’s waste policy and rural waste management in the Karelian Republic: building up a ruin to come? by Albrecht, Moritz; Yarovoy, Gleb; Karginova-Gubinova, Valentina; Albrecht, Moritz (2020) - Based on qualitative analysis, the core focus is on local perceptions, waste management infrastructure and local spatial components that highlight the incompatibility between the current institutionalised planning documents and visions of waste policy in Russia and the geographical realities in the places of materialisation. Hence, empirical data collection engages with local waste policy implementation and translation practices through a rather unstructured and self-unfolding series of observations, conversations and engagements in the case study localities, but also related to the regional waste policy sphere. Keywords: collection; implementation; karelian; management; mobility; paper; policy; processes; recycling; reform; republic; russia; situation; sorting; system; tskr; villages; waste; waste management; waste policy
• The role of cultural heritage in the geopolitics of the Arctic: the example of Franklin’s lost expedition by Pawliw, Kim; Berthold, Étienne; Lasserre, Frédéric ; Pawliw, Kim (2021) - In this vein, searches sought to find the wrecks of the Franklin’s lost expedition were conducted by Parks Canada, a governmental agency responsible for protecting and managing Canada’s natural and cultural heritage. This discovery was followed, two years later (September 2016), by that of the HMS Terror in Terror Bay, near the shore of King William Island (Government of Canada 2014a, 2014b; Canadian Geographic 2015; Marsh & Beattie 2018; Parks Canada 2019a, 2019b). Keywords: arctic; canada; canadian; expedition; franklin; government; harper; heritage; history; hms; identity; inuit; narratives; northern; parks; policy; sovereignty; stephen

• Geographical persistence of surface-layer water properties in the Archipelago Sea, SW Finland by Suominen, Tapio; Tolvanen, Harri; Kalliola, Risto (2010) - Effects of water temperature on year-class strengths and growth patterns of pikeperch (Sand- er lucioperca (L.)) in the brackish Baltic Sea. The per- sistent and variable patterns of water properties that we found facilitate further evaluation of the water monitoring scheme in this area under high environmental pressures and social interests. Keywords: archipelago; baltic; chlorophyll; data; fig; median; patterns; sampling; sea; secchi; stations; summer; surface; temperature; values; water; week
• Oil product tanker geography with emphasis on the Handysize segment by Laulajainen, Risto (2011) - Clean tanker cargo legs – 11-region mesh, 2004. Neste Oil maritime product export cargo sizes and distances, 2004. Keywords: 2004; amsterdam; cargo; cargoes; clean; data; dwt; fig; handysize; laulajainen; lmiu; movement; neste; oil; port; product; size; table; tanker; vessel
• Mapping the spatial distribution of geomorphological processes in the Okstindan area of northern Norway, using Geomorphic Process Units as derived from remote sensing and ground survey by Gurney, Stephen D.; Bartsch, Annett (2005) - Further- more, GPU types at Kärkevagge are more varied since process areas overlap to a higher degree due to its specific setting and landscape development. The layers used for the derivation of the GPUs in the final stage of the process, however, could be replaced by products resulting from a different methodology of process area determination. Keywords: area; data; dem; gpu; gpus; ground; ice; mapping; norway; okstindan; processes; slope; snow; study; vegetation
• Regional distribution and biodiversity perspectives of Finnish grasslands by Kivinen, Sonja (2005) - Enhanc- ing insect diversity in agricultural grasslands: the roles of management and landscape structure. Natural dis- turbances, such as fires and floods also creating grassland habitats in the forested landscape, are nowadays largely suppressed by humans (Pykälä 2000). Keywords: agriculture; area; biodiversity; biotopes; data; database; distribution; drainage; environment; et al; fig; finland; finnish; grassland; habitats; landscape; meadows; patches; regions; species; squares; use
• Information society, citizens and everyday life: does the Internet make a difference in spatial practices? by Inkinen, Tommi (2003) - Category 1: Positive benefits and technological utopianism – The information society is a society with no borders and distances (male, 43) – Easy services and access to various information resources (female, 27) – The adoption of new information technologies and their usage (male, 37) Category 2: Devices, communications and everyday prac- tices – I have a computer, mobile phone and fax – isn’t that an information society (female, 25) – A society with a lot of information and data (female, 29) – A computer as an essential part of everyday work (male, 51) Category 3: Threats and uneven development – Information society is a society of unfairness (male, 38) – Destruction (male, 48) – A nightmare of humans living their lives through a computer screen (female, 52) FENNIA 181: 1 (2003) 31Information society, citizens and everyday life:… – I saw a 3D version of it on the Internet”. Information society, citizens and everyday life: does the Internet make a difference in spatial practices? Keywords: data; experience; information; information society; internet; life; new; society; space; technologies
• Recent developments in spatial methods and data in biogeographical distribution modelling – advantages and pitfalls by Luoto, Miska; Heikkinen, Risto (2003) - However, the integration of geographical anal- ysis and modelling and GI (geographic informa- tion) technology and spatial data from different sources requires transdisciplinary skills between geography, ecology, statistics and social sciences. First, spatial data are almost always multivariate, i.e. there are more than one variate or analyte of in- terest, which are correlated to some degree. Keywords: analysis; conservation; data; distribution; ecology; et al; habitat; journal; landscape; luoto; modelling; models; patterns; regression; scale; sensing; species; studies; variables
• Landsat TM images in mapping of semi-natural grasslands and analysing of habitat pattern in an agricultural landscape in south-west Finland by Toivonen, Tuuli; Luoto, Miska (2003) - All indices were calculated first for all 3481 squares using the Landsat TM -based habitat map and then, again, for the 105 over- lapping grid squares also using the Rekijoki hab- itat map. Discussion Multitemporal imagery in habitat mapping Medium-resolution satellite images have been widely used to obtain habitat maps for landscape Fig. Keywords: analysis; area; classification; data; finland; grasslands; habitat; images; indices; landsat; landscape; map; patches; semi; sensing; study; test; types
• Cartographic traditions and the future of digital maps: A Finnish perspective by Vuorela, Niina; Burnett, Charles; Kalliola, Risto (2002) - These problems arise with the combina- tion of digital data, the visualisation of geograph- ic data, and the production of digital maps in a market economy. Changes both in cartographic design and conventions of distribution (including stand- ards of acceptable accuracy for different levels of digital map data) will come about. Keywords: burnett; cartography; changes; data; digital; finland; finnish; forest; information; kalliola; landscape; mapping; maps; new; niemelä; quality; research; sensing; sources; systems; use; vuorela
• Growth drivers of Finnish-Estonian general cargo transports by Hilmola, Olli-Pekka K. (2014) - From outside of this two coun- try pair, it could have been so, that Lithuanian and Finnish trade has been a contributing factor on general cargo volume growth. Finnish general cargo volumes to three main directions Most of the Finnish general cargo transports origi- nating or ending in Europe is being shared be- tween three destinations: Estonia, Sweden and Germany. Keywords: cargo; data; error; estonia; finland; gdp; growth; model; period; regression; sea; tons; trade; transports; volumes; year
• The suitability of using ASTER GDEM2 for terrain-based extraction of stream channel networks in a lowland Arctic permafrost catchment by Trofaier, Anna Maria; Rees, W Gareth (2015) - The suitability of using ASTER GDEM2 for terrain-based extraction of stream channel networks in a lowland Arctic permafrost catchment ANNA MARIA TROFAIER AND W GARETH REES Trofaier, Anna Maria & W Gareth Rees (2015). The suitability of using ASTER GDEM2 for terrain-based extraction of stream channel networks in a lowland Arctic permafrost catchment. Keywords: area; aster; aster gdem2; channel; data; density; drainage; elevation; flow; gdem2; map; network; permafrost; sample; spot; stream; surface; terrain; trofaier; values; water; yakha
• GIS and field data-based modelling of snow water equivalent in shrub tundra by Dvornikov, Yury A.; Khomutov, Artem V.; Mullanurov, Damir R.; Ermokhina, Ksenia A.; Gubarkov, Anatoly A.; Leibman, Marina O. (2015) - This influence can be expressed as increase of snow depth on concave and decrease on convex sur- faces. Specifically, snow depth was related to curvature in the study area with a correlation of R=0.83. Keywords: curvature; data; depth; et al; field; russian; shrub; slopes; snow; snow depth; vegetation; water; wind
• Launching a new article type in Fennia: Data descriptions by Toivonen, Tuuli; Minoia, Paola (2014) - Sharing research data may, however, feel like sharing researcher’s valuable capital on the research market. Geoscience data journal by Wiley and Scientific Data by Nature Publishing Group are examples of such endeavors that have taken place recently. Keywords: article; data; research
• A time-geographical mixed-methods approach: studying the complexities of energy and water use in households by Köhler, Helena; Trygg, Kristina (2019) - Vilhelmson, B. & Thulin, E. (2008) Virtual mobility, time use and the place of the home. In this article, we suggest a comprehensive methodological approach; a combination of time diaries, metering data, interviews and simple observations, to unveil and recognize household resource use in its material and socio-cultural context, and thereby enable an understanding of everyday practices and their significance in terms of resource usage. Keywords: activities; activity; approach; data; diary; energy; household; individual; life; metering; methods; study; time; use; water
• Generalization, epistemology and concrete: what can social sciences learn from the common sense of engineers by Tulumello, Simone (2019) - The study of resistance of concrete structures is a good metaphor for social research; and yet, quantitative/ positivist researchers, in their search for “falsifiable generalizations”, often forget about the omnipresence of error, let alone adopt the factors of safety. By casting such doubts, I advocate for a more relaxed (but not less rigorous) approach to social research and its complexity. Keywords: assumptions; case; concrete; crime; data; engineers; error; findings; positivist; qualitative; research; science; sense; study
• A comprehensive spatial model for historical travel effort - a case study in Finland by Rantanen, Timo; Tolvanen, Harri; Honkola, Terhi; Vesakoski, Outi; Rantanen, Timo (2021) - The cost value determination is ultimately subjective, but we relied on relevant literature, while keeping in mind that the relative difference between travel speed values is more important than the speed values as such. In this study, the cost surfaces have been used to study the overall geographical variation of historical travel speeds (CS1 and CS2 only), as well as more precise least-cost paths with 100 km transects (all the cost surfaces). Keywords: cost; cover; cs1; cs2; data; distance; effort; environment; fig; finland; human; land; landscape; model; road; routes; speed; study; suomen; surface; table; travel; travel effort; travel environment; values; water
• Participatory dissemination: bridging in-depth interviews, participation, and creative visual methods through Interview-Based Zine-Making (IBZM) by Valli, Chiara; Valli, Chiara (2021) - As such, zine- and collage-making techniques can potentially represent valuable tools for implementing co-produced processes and outputs for participatory research dissemination. Conclusion In this article, I made the case for ‘participatory dissemination’ as an approach that combines the advantages of researcher-led methodology with participatory research and the communication of research results outside the academic audience. Keywords: bushwick; data; dissemination; focus; group; ibzm; interviews; making; methods; new; participants; participatory; process; research; research participants; workshop; zine

• Research collaboration outputs between the European Union and Africa: the case of co-authored scientific articles between Finland and Africa by Jauhiainen, Jussi; Jauhiainen, Jussi (2023) - Sweden, Norway and Denmark have stronger presence and tradition in Africa research, and they provide more funding for Africa research and Africa-related development policies. Research areas in Finland–Africa co-authored international scientific articles in 2015–2021. Keywords: africa; articles; collaboration; countries; european; finland; finnish; organizations; peer; percent; research; scholars; science
• Adaptation of Finnish cross-country skiers to climate change by Landauer, Mia; Sievänen, Tuija; Neuvonen, Marjo (2009) - Global warming and climate change are con- sidered to be the most serious environmental prob- lem affecting snow-based recreation and tourism (Elsasser & Bürki 2004; Willbanks et al. 2007; Scott et al. 2009), and cross-country skiing is con- sidered to be one of the outdoor activities that is most sensitive to changing climate conditions (Scott et al. 2002; Neuvonen et al. 2005). The decreasing number of days with snow cover, the lower snow depth and the rising air temperatures of winter days are expected to have direct influences on cross-country skiing, es- pecially in southern Finland, where the majority of the Finnish population live (Neuvonen et al. 2005). Keywords: adaptation; change; climate; climate change; conditions; country; cross; finnish; group; outdoor; recreation; sievänen; skiers; skiing; snow; tourism; type
• The presentation of Old Finland in the descriptions of Russian travellers and observers from the end of 18th to the beginning of the 20th century by Pashkov, Alexandr M. (2004) - Guidebooks for Russian middle class Since the second half of 19th century Finland, in- cluding the Northern Ladoga area, had become a place of attraction for well-to-do Russian visitors. This paper deals with the origin and development of the Russian image of the Vyborg province or “Old Finland” (the Karelian Isthmus and Northern Ladoga region) from the end of the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century. Keywords: alfthan; century; finland; finnish; kexholm; ladoga; ladoga region; petersburg; province; region; russian; sortavala; town; viborg
• A periphery lost: the representation of Karelia in Finnish national landscape imagery by Häyrynen, Maunu (2004) - Karelia represented as national periphery I will now look at Karelia as a national periphery in the context of national landscape imagery. The stereotypical image of Karelia, as it appears in national landscape imagery, has largely ignored this fact, tending to lump the representations link- ing with the geographical area of Karelia – how- ever defined – together regardless of the social or cultural differences. Keywords: finland; finnish; helsinki; häyrynen; imagery; inha; karelia; karelianist; landscape; landscape imagery; national; period; periphery; representation; war
• Border Karelia through rose-coloured glasses? Gazes upon a ceded territory by Böök, Netta (2004) - The pre-war population of Border Karelia con- sisted mainly of common people, and the area remained one of the poorest and least developed regions in Finland. 21258_05_Book Border Karelia through rose-coloured glasses? Keywords: border; border karelia; buildings; ceded; culture; finland; finnish; heritage; history; houses; karelia; national; past; present; soviet; tourism; war
• Karelia lost or won – materialization of a landscape of contested and commemorated memory by Raivo, Petri J. (2004) - The politics of war memory and commemoration, 145–164. The more recent revival of Finnish memories has been brought about not only by the Finns but also by Russians who have wished to tell the present- day inhabitants of Karelia about the forgotten and suppressed details of its more recent history. Keywords: area; finland; finnish; history; karelia; landscape; memory; monuments; national; past; places; russian; soviet; war
• What determines the timberline? by Heikkinen, Olavi; Tuovinen, Mervi; Autio, Jyrki (2002) - Temper- ature sums and lengths of various thermal seasons have also frequently been used to characterise tree lines (Tuhkanen 1980, 1984, 1993). The position of the arctic front in summer closely coincides with the northern timberline in Eurasia and Canada (Mitchell 1973; Tuhkanen 1993), while in Finn- ish Lapland the northern forest and tree lines are seen to be associated with effective temperature sums (Fig. 2). Keywords: conditions; finland; finnish; forest; heikkinen; hustich; northern; pine; research; timberline; tree
• Cultural diversity in Finland by Raento, Pauliina; Husso, Kai (2002) - Statistics Finland, Helsinki. Statistics Finland, Helsinki. Keywords: country; fig; finland; finnish; helsingin; helsinki; language; minority; national; percent; population; raento; romani; sami; society; speakers; stv; swedish
• The Uralic languages by Suihkonen, Pirkko (2002) - The regional distribution of the Uralic languages The concept Uralic languages is defined on the basis of their genetic classification, which is car- ried out according to the historical and compara- tive methods used in historical linguistics. Uralic languages proto-language of the Ugric languages) and Pro- to-Samoyed (the proto-language of the Samoyedic languages) were spoken is presumed to have been located to the east of the Ural Mountains (Koivu- lehto 1999a; Parpola 1999; Kallio 1999). Keywords: area; baltic; finnish; history; house; hungarian; information; languages; north; number; order; proto; saami; saami languages; udmurt; uralic; word
• Farms of northern Finland by Häkkilä, Matti (2002) - Farms of northern Finland. This paper studies the structural development of farms with more than one hectare of arable land in northern Finland and explores the reasons behind the development. Keywords: agriculture; area; country; farming; farms; finland; finnish; häkkilä; northern; number; percent; production; settlement; svt
• Globalisation and the Finnish forest sector: on the internationalisation of forest-industrial operations by Lehtinen, Ari Aukusti (2002) - Simi- larly, the European Union looked significantly dif- ferent in the new context – more bureaucratic and regulative – from inside than from outside, as Casimir Ehrnrooth (1995), the then leading spokesman for Finnish forest industries, strongly argued. In comparison, Metsä-Serla/M-real is very dependent on the cooperative organization of Finnish forest owners (Metsäliitto) that aims at keeping the major shareholder’s voice heard in the company (Seppänen 2000). Keywords: companies; company; enso; environmental; europe; finland; finnish; forest; forest companies; forest industry; globalisation; industry; kymmene; lehtinen; model; new; paper; percent; production; pulp; stora; upm; world
• Contested Cottage Landscapes: Host perspective to the increase of foreign second home ownership in Finland 1990-2008 by Pitkänen, Kati (2011) - Contested cottage landscapes: Host perspective to the increase of foreign second home ownership in Finland 1990−2008 KATI PITKÄNEN Pitkänen, Kati (2011). Contested cottage landscapes: Host perspective to the increase of foreign second home ownership in Finland 1990−2008. Keywords: accounts; cottage; cottage landscape; debate; finland; finnish; finns; foreigners; home; home ownership; landscape; media; ownership; period; pitkänen; properties; property; russians; tourism
• Baltic Sea ice and environmental and societal implications from the comparative analysis of the Bay of Bothnia and the Gulf of Riga by Lépy, Elise (2012) - This research studies the physical features of Baltic Sea ice by highlight- ing the relationship between climate and sea ice and by analysing the geomorphological ac- tion of sea ice on the evolution of the coast- lines. Interactions between sea ice and the environmental context Interactions between Baltic Sea ice and its envi- ronment naturally exist and mainly concern the atmosphere through energy transfer and the coast- al morphology. Keywords: baltic; baltic sea; bothnia; conditions; finnish; gulf; ice; julkaisu; lépy; merentutkimuslaitoksen; research; riga; sea; sea ice; winter
• Perceiving sustainable forest spaces: governance aspects of private and company owned forests in North-Karelia, Finland by Albrecht, Moritz (2012) - Shaped by the actor’s positionalities and related knowledge networks, perceptions regarding the quality of forest management practices and technologies used to achieve sustainability differ and thereby shape governance processes. A continuous integration of environmental as- pects into forest management, harvesting practices and related laws is taking place in Finnish forestry (e.g. Mielikäinen & Hynynen 2003; Parviainen & Västilä 2011). Keywords: actors; aspects; certification; companies; finland; finnish; forest; forest management; forestry; fsc; governance; management; owners; pefc; perceptions; practices; sfm; tornator
• The island monastery of Valaam in Finnish homeland tourism: Constructing a “Thirdspace” in the Russian borderlands by Mikula, Maja (2013) - Valaam monks evacuated in 1940, forced by repeated Soviet air raids. Second- and third-generation descendants of Karelian evacuees remember stories they were told by their parents and grandparents, about the interactions they had with Valaam monks in their daily lives. Keywords: finland; finnish; homeland; interviews; island; karelia; memory; monastery; monks; orthodox; place; russian; space; tourism; valaam; valamo; visit
• Something old, new, borrowed, and blue: towards a bottom-up agenda of the Finnish-Russian relations by Laine, Jussi (2014) - Border studies as a field of interest Borders have long been one of the most central topics to political geography. However, the focus of border studies has gone through substantial changes as it has developed in relation to the pre- dominant geopolitical models and visions – from studying borders as delimiters of territorial control and ideology towards areal differentiation and lat- er towards more dynamic role of borders as bridg- es rather than barriers. Keywords: actors; border; border studies; cooperation; european; finland; finnish; interaction; national; relations; russia; society; soviet; state; studies; trade; union; war; world

• Urban landscapes as therapeutic landscapes: the transforming conceptions of care environments by Pyykkönen, Siiri; Kymäläinen, Päivi; Pyykkönen, Siiri (2024) - Therapeutic landscapes The concept ‘therapeutic landscape’ has been widely examined following Gesler’s (1992) essay where he presents the idea of therapeutic landscape as a metaphor to understand the meaning of space and place in a healing process. Urban landscapes as therapeutic landscapes: the transforming conceptions of care environments URN: Keywords: care; healing; health; hospital; landscapes; patients; place; planning; psykiatria; spaces; tyks; urban
• Living close to nature: how older adults in Sweden navigate relocation in later life by Landby, Emma; Kristin Godtman Kling; Landby, Emma (2025) - However, official planning documents primarily focus on service provision and access to the city centre, with limited attention to disparities in nature access across socio-demographic groups (Härnösand Municipality 2019). While the plan promotes general access to nature, it lacks specific strategies addressing the needs of older adults and does not consider socio- demographic variation in nature access. Keywords: access; adults; ageing; constraints; decisions; environments; housing; importance; individuals; life; nature; place; proximity; relocation; time; urban
• Emotional links to forest ownership. Restitution of land and use of a productive resource in Põlva County, Estonia by Jörgensen, Hans; Stjernström, Olof (2008) - However, the survey shows that the share of forest owners with restituted property declaring in- comes from land or forest property is higher than that of those who have bought their property on the market (Table 12). Conclusions This study explores attitudes to forest property among forest owners in Põlva County in South- East Estonia. Keywords: county; economic; estonia; family; forest; forestry; land; owners; ownership; percent; place; property; põlva; respondents; restitution; table
• Santa Claus, place branding and competition by Hall, C. Michael (2008) - The paper concludes by noting po- tential future issues for Santa related place branding and Christmas tourism in- cluding the impact of climate change and issues of authenticity. Rovaniemi and Lapland have been at the forefront of Santa related place branding but other locations, some within other slightly different Christmas traditions such as in Norway, are also seeking to utilise Santa and Christmas in order to construct place advantage over other regions. Keywords: branding; christmas; claus; finland; lapland; place; santa; tourism; w w
• Intergenerational intimacy geopolitics: family interviewing and generations of memory in occupied Palestine by Garner, Taylor; Mansour, Nadia; Marshall, David J. ; Marshall, Sandy (2022) - We draw upon related research projects examining the spaces of intergenerational memory in occupied Palestine: one examining women’s intergenerational memories of political struggle, and the other exploring intergenerational memories of a contested religious heritage site. Intergenerational family interviewing For researchers concerned with centering the voices of youth, the intergenerational turn in children’s geographies raises methodological questions. Keywords: children; family; generations; geographies; geopolitics; home; interviews; memories; memory; palestine; palestinian; place; research; site; space; stories; tomb; women; youth

• Resorts, second home owners and distance: a case study in northern Finland by Kauppila, Pekka (2010) - For example, the popularity of second home tourism in the hinterland of population centres is based on the short distance between second homes and the permanent residence of second home owners. Keywords: northern Finland, second home tourism, distance analysis, resorts, second home owners, distance zones Pekka Kauppila, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 Univer- sity of Oulu, Finland. Keywords: area; case; distance; finland; hall; home; home owners; model; müller; owners; resorts; study; time; tourism; weekend; zone
• Comparison of forest stand characteristics and species diversity indices under different human impacts along an altitudinal gradient by Zhou, Ping; Luukkanen, Olavi; Tokola, Timo; Hares, Minna (2009) - The utilization of natural forests began here al- ready about 4000 years ago when the Qiang tribes moved into the basin from the northwest of China. 1. Examples of four different levels of human impact: near natural forest (A), selectively logged forest (B), natural regen- eration forest (after clear-cut) (C), and plantation (D). Keywords: area; diameter; diversity; forests; impact; species; stand; tree; volume; watershed
• Holocene timberline fluctuations in the mid-mountains of Central Europe by Treml, Václav; Jankovská, Vlasta; Petr, Libor (2006) - Later in the pe- riod 4000–500 BP, forest free areas reappeared, although the relative contribu- tion of climatic and anthropogenic causes to their formation remains unclear. the alpine timberline did not advance to the most exposed summits (e.g. Keprník Mt., Velký Máj Mt.) during the period ca 2000–800 (500) BP and that forest free areas also persisted on steep slopes of the Velká kotlina cirque. Keywords: alpine; area; forest; holocene; hrubý; jeseník; krkonoše; labský; mts; peat; period; pollen; profile; timberline; vosges
• Origins and development of the ancient outflow channel of the river Vantaanjoki, southern Finland, as indicated by fluvial sediments by Tikkanen, Matti; Ruth, Olli (2003) - Changes in river channels have nevertheless taken place here, too, in response to tilting of the terrain as a consequence of land uplift. Till and ex- posed bedrock, 2. sand and gravel, 3. clay and silt, 4. wa- ter, 5. ancient channel, 6. threshold and its altitude, 7. embankment of retained wa- ter basin, 8. rapids, 9. road. Keywords: area; cal; channel; fig; finland; mätäjoki; river; river mätäjoki; river vantaanjoki; sediment; threshold; tikkanen
• Late Weichselian and Holocene shore displacement history of the Baltic Sea in Finland by Tikkanen, Matti; Oksanen, Juha (2002) - 15451_1_Oksanen.pm65 Late Weichselian and Holocene shore displacement history of the Baltic Sea in Finland MATTI TIKKANEN AND JUHA OKSANEN Tikkanen, Matti & Juha Oksanen (2002). Following deglaciation, the freshwater Baltic Ice Lake (12,600–10,300 BP) built up against the ice margin to reach a level 25 metres above that of the ocean, with an outflow through the straits of Öresund. Keywords: area; baltic; basin; finland; ice; lake; level; metres; sea; shore; south; water
• Long-term changes in lake and river systems in Finland by Tikkanen, Matti (2002) - In this article, the post-glacial history of the main watercourses and lake basins in Finland and the effects of recent human activity on them and on the quality of their water are exam- ined. In some cases, riv- ers have been dredged, lake levels have been low- ered artificially, or lakes have been converted into regulation basins for hydroelectric power schemes. Keywords: area; channel; fig; finland; lake; level; outflow; river; systems; tikkanen; water; watercourses
• The Finnish disease heritage by Norio, Reijo; Löytönen, Markku (2002) - Studying the pathogene- sis of rare diseases also helps in understanding the normal mechanisms of the human body that are disturbed in genetic diseases. The proportion of disease genes transmitted forward through the ho- mozygous patients and their near relatives is min- imal. Keywords: area; disease; finland; genes; norio; population
• Ecological, topographic and successional patterns across wetlands in a rugged land uplift coast in Nyby, northern Finland by Laitinen, Jarmo; Oksanen, Jari; Maliniemi, Tuija; Kaakinen, Eero; Aapala, Kaisu; Rehell, Sakari (2016) - 6 6 7 11 13 18 Area (hectares) 3 2 6 3 0.5 4 Vegetation type SRhLu Sedge herb swamp X TeLu Alnus glutinosa swamp X HaLu Alnus incana swamp X LuN Swamp fen X X X MeLuRiSN Moderately poor swampy sedge fen with flark character (LOCAL) X MeSphRiN Moderately poor Sphagnum flark fen X X NigNK Mire vegetation in Bergslagen, Sweden. Keywords: a.s.l; altitudes; area; complexes; et al; eurola; expanse; fen x; fig; flark; group; laitinen; local; m a.s.l; mire; mire vegetation; nyby; pine; pine fen; sedge; sedge fen; sphagnum; succession; swampy; types; vegetation; vegetation types; wetlands; x x
• Determining an optimum inventory route for an areal object: the case of forest inventory in Finland by Etula, Henna Maria; Antikainen, Harri (2014) - The potential advantages of optimizing inventory routes seem obvious, as it provides a way to design routes that avoid unnecessary and inefficient movement in the inventoried area. The im- plemented AIP tool was designed in such a way that it can be integrated as part of a GIS workflow used to determine inventory routes. Keywords: aip; area; cost; coverage; forest; inventory; inventory route; locations; points; polygon; problem; route; stand

• The stories that documents tell by Beauregard, Robert; Beauregard, Robert (2022) - As he writes in The Narrative Turn in Urban Planning (2021, 38), his thoughtful reflection on recent planning projects in Helsinki, “[p] lanning is understood here as a form of storytelling and as a rhetorical activity which is performed in the form of texts (such as planning documents) and processes (such as consultations or community meetings).”2 Ameel’s scholarly world, though, is that of literature and his acknowledgment of documents is quickly replaced by the narratives that these documents contain. Clearly, he wants planners to be better writers and, by implication, those who peruse planning documents to be better readers. Keywords: ameel; documents; planners; planning; public; stories
• Narratives of and in urban change and planning: whose narratives and how authentic? by Tewdwr-Jones, Mark; Tewdwr-Jones, Mark (2022) - Planning narratives and the need for authenticity When you relate all this to the use of narratives in planning, or consider narratives of planning, it becomes evident that extending the possibilities of narratives for better planning could well be accompanied by associated questions of accuracy, trust, legitimacy, and authenticity. Escalating planning narratives through digitisation and social media Ameel’s (2021) book examines the role of narratives in some of these debates quite skilfully, but is largely quiet on these wider democratic and polarising issues, issues which cannot be separated from narratives of place shaping, planning, and urban growth and decline. Keywords: book; change; cities; future; narratives; places; planning; stories
• New directions for narrative approaches to urban planning by Ameel, Lieven; Ameel, Lieven (2022) - Keywords: narrative planning, narrative, storytelling, urban planning, narrative turn, city Lieven Ameel (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-4970), Literary Studies, Kanslerinrinne 133014, Tampere University, Finland. Robert Beauregard’s (2021) and Mark Tewdwr-Jones’s (2021) reviews of The Narrative Turn in Urban Planning show that both scholars share with my book a keen interest in narrative planning, as well as the conviction that forms of storytelling are inherent to urban planning in and of itself. Keywords: beauregard; jones; narrative; planning
• Resource deserts, village hierarchies and de-growth in sparsely populated areas: the case of Southern Lapland, Sweden by Carson, Dean Bradley; Carson, Doris Anna; Lundmark, Linda; Hurtig, Anna-Karin; Carson, Doris (2023) - However, an assumption that proximity to municipal centres is ‘good enough’ for resource access is dangerous when applied to village populations as a whole (Humer & Granqvist 2020). With village populations expected to continue to age, this is of course not just an issue of school access. Keywords: access; carson; case; centres; distribution; growth; hierarchies; key; municipalities; municipality; planning; population; public; residents; resources; services; settlement; size; sweden; villages
• Preface by Moilanen, Helka; Nordström, Paulina; Käyhkö, Jukka (2010) - In 66 parallel sessions, change was reviewed from the viewpoints of phys- ical environment, climate, economy, innovation, landscape, tourism, cities, children’s geographies, food and education, just to name a few. Regarding the future, change is constantly in the state of becoming, making the planning of the future today perhaps more challenging than ever. Keywords: change; cities; mining; paper; planning
• Lessons from Fray Bentos: forest industry, overseas investments and discursive regulation by Lehtinen, Ari Aukusti (2008) - The supply problem has lead forest companies to establish tree plantations and pulp mills in the temperate and tropical zones. While gradually freeing themselves from the regulatory measures of their home states of production, forest companies have grown increasingly dependent on the new trans- local networks of which they are a part. Keywords: argentina; bentos; botnia; botnia fray; companies; company; conflict; example; forest; forest industry; fray; fray bentos; industry; lehtinen; metsä; mill; planning; production; project; pulp; uruguay
• Post-politics of (Scottish) planning: gatekeepers, gatecheck and gatecrashers? – commentary to Walton by Kanninen, Vesa (2018) - Applying viewpoints of depoliticization and post-politics may not provide pragmatic guidance for planning practice, yet it may sensitize to and enable revelations of situational, processual and structural workings of power. ‘Gatecrashing’ the planning system for a disruptive re-introduction of more inclusive and empowering planning practices could mean attaining ‘agonistic spaces’ that could enable dialectical approaches under uneven power relations. Keywords: case; depoliticisation; kanninen; planning; politics; post; power; walton
• Governing a just future: what and how to govern? – commentary to Jones by Bäcklund, Pia (2019) - My comments to the issues presented in Rhys Jones’ article (in this issue) are grounded in planning theory and my ongoing research concerning justification of new spatial planning practices in the Nordic countries. Keywords: spatial planning, governance, justness, politics of knowing, depoliticization Pia Bäcklund, Department of Geoscience and Geography, Yliopistonkatu 3, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. Keywords: bäcklund; future; governance; governing; planning; practices

• Governing the future: perspectives from literary studies – commentary to Jones by Ameel, Lieven (2019) - But literary fiction, in its various forms, has always been concerned with counterfactuality – with imagining the not-yet; with juxtaposing different possible worlds and with considering possible futures, from small-scale deliberations about whom to marry (the famous dilemma of Rastignac, in Balzac’s Le Père Goriot These examples provide but some of the ways in which literature fiction can make us look at possible futures with a new awareness of the situated future lives that will inhabit them. Keywords: fiction; future; jones; language; studies; time
• 'I would much rather be still here and travel in time': the intertwinedness of mobility and stillness in cottage living by Lagerqvist, Maja (2013) - This is studied through interviews with cottage users regarding their daily life prac- tices and encounters with history and materiality at the cottages. It elaborates on how mobility and stillness, in both space and time, are intertwined and mutually influence each other by analysing second home usage of old cottages that formally were dwelling houses of poor tenant smallholdings in Sweden. Keywords: cottage; history; homes; life; living; materiality; mobility; past; places; practices; present; society; stillness; time; tourism; travel; users

• Bordering the “other”: the case of the Finnish-Russian border by Hannonen, Olga (2017) - An increase in European borders reveals a move in the opposite direction to the state of border and trans-border mobility research. Keywords: border, bordering, second home, Russians, Finland, trans- border mobility Olga Hannonen, Karelian Institute, P.O. Box 111, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu 80101, Finland, E-mail: E-mail: olga.hannonen@uef.fi We live in an era of extreme borderism, and are witness to the largest fortification of borders in living memory (van Houtum 2016). Keywords: border; bordering; european; finland; home; mobility; ownership; tourism
• The commons and emergent land in Kvarken Archipelago, Finland: governing an expanding recreational resource by Svels, Kristina; Åkerlund, Ulrika (2018) - Keywords: commons, emergent land, recreational resource system, re- resourcing, post-productive landscape, second homes Kristina Svels, Nordland Research Institute, 8049 Bodø, Norway. While research on the commons is now a rigid body of literature, few studies have focused on common management of recreational resource systems. Keywords: archipelago; commons; home; kvarken; land; landscape; management; owners; property; resource; resource system; rights; svels; system; tourism; use; value; village

• Lesbian nightlife in Amsterdam: an explorative study of the shift from ‘queer-only’ to ‘queer-friendly’ spaces by Ekenhorst, Marieke; van Aalst, Irina; Ekenhorst, Marieke (2019) - The theoretical framework is outlined in the following, under the headings of urban nightlife developments and lesbian nightlife spaces. Although their sexual identity does not appear to be the main concern, lesbian nightlife space has not lost its value. Keywords: amsterdam; clubbers; gay; gender; lesbian; nightlife; parties; party; queer; research; scene; space; urban; venues; women

• The impact of elevation, topography and snow load damage of trees on the position of the actual timberline on the fells in central Finnish Lapland by Autio, Jyrki; Colpaert, Alfred (2005) - Actual timberlines lying consider- ably below the average can also contain downy birch (Betula pubescens) (Autio 1997). Actual timberline on Kellostapuli, Yllästunturi. Keywords: a.s.l; aakenustunturi; autio; average; block; damage; elevation; facing; fields; fig; forest; load; pine; points; pyhätunturi; slope; snow; spruce; timberline; treeline; yllästunturi
• Forest industry on the map of Finland by Kortelainen, Jarmo (2002) - Forest industry communities – in the light or shadow of the mill? The majority of them had already come into being by the begin- ning of the twentieth century, but the growth of the forest industry gave rise to new factories and mill communities up to the 1960s (Kortelainen 1999b: 209). Keywords: communities; companies; finland; forest; forestry; helsinki; industry; kortelainen; mill; production; sector; villages
• The effect of severe ground frost on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees in northern Finland and implications for palaeoclimate reconstruction by Tuovinen, Mervi; Jalkanen, Risto; McCarroll, Danny (2005) - Since it is known that there were differences in the canopy reaction of young (45 years in average) and mature (130 years in average) pine trees (Jalkanen et al. 1995), they are considered separately. The effects of the winter frost were very obvious in the summer of 1988, with widespread defoliation of pine trees of all age classes, so it is remarkable that there is almost no effect on the measured tree ring parameters from the mature trees. Keywords: finland; forest; frost; ground; growth; jalkanen; northern; pine; ring; trees; width

• Racialized immigrants becoming part of the city: connecting migration, space and race – commentary to van Liempt by Sommier, Melodine; Sommier, Melodine (2023) - https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.0.0169 Neely, B. & Samura, M. (2011) Social geographies of race: connecting race and space. Increasing scholarship is produced on race, racism and racialization processes specific to the European contexts (e.g. Goldberg 2006; Wekker 2016; Boulila 2019) but tends to remain within the boundaries of a few academic disciplines, such as Race and Ethnic studies or Cultural Studies, rather than being incorporated across fields of study. Keywords: europe; european; immigrants; race; racism; space
• Migrant agency and embodiment in space – commentary to van Liempt by Mitchell, Katharyne; Mitchell, Katharyne (2023) - In addition to the now large literature on transnationalism, which highlights the importance of transnational ties and ongoing movements across social spaces and scales, the idea of emplacement similarly challenges the fixity and stasis of immigrant integration through its emphasis on the interdependencies between scales. Focusing on the spaces of embodied migrant agency I counter the legacy of static concepts such as ‘immigrant integration’, refine ideas about the city and public space, and explore the contemporary politics of refusal. Keywords: agency; immigrant; integration; migrants; migration; mitchell; refusal; society; space
• Insights about the publicness of public space from the Kamppi area of Helsinki by Tamašauskaitė, Žieda; Tamasauskaite, Zieda (2024) - When it comes to public space users as a dimension of the publicness of public space, I obtained an insight that the range of activities carried out in public space is directly proportional to the diversity of user groups present. Rendering a unique opportunity to approach different types of public space in exactly the same urban context, the Kamppi area appeared to be very attractive for exploring the publicness of different public spaces in the city of today. Keywords: public; publicness; space; square
• Extreme geographies: a response from a dependent semi-periphery of the post-neoliberal Europe by Riding, James (2017) - Plenum are – in simply existing as they do outside of the traditional governmental and elite spirals and circles – post-nationalist spaces in a region that is heavily influenced by nationalist politics during the post-socialist ‘transition’ era. The New Left, as it has been termed, in the Post-Yugoslav space, articulates the need for a new radically democratic European project: a project that is no longer neoliberal, but equally a project that does not turn to a nostalgic nationalism, a neofascism, or indeed any other form of authoritarian capitalism. Keywords: bosnia; europe; european; herzegovina; houtum; new; politics; post; space; yugoslavia

• Preface by Raento, Pauliina; Westerholm, John (2002) - The Finnish disease heritage 177–182 Regions, Economy, and Society JANNE ANTIKAINEN and PERTTU VARTIAINEN Finnish districts and regional differentiation 183–190 KAUKO MIKKONEN The competitive advantage of regions and small economic areas: The case of Finland 191–198 MATTI HÄKKILÄ Farms of northern Finland 199–211 MARKKU TYKKYLÄINEN Spatial turns of manufacturing since 1970 213–226 JARMO KORTELAINEN Forest industry on the map of Finland 227–235 ARI AUKUSTI LEHTINEN Globalisation and the Finnish forest sector: On the internationalisation of forest-industrial operations 237–250 KAI-VEIKKO VUORISTO Regional and structural patterns of tourism in Finland 251–259 KAI HUSSO and PAULIINA RAENTO Science policy and research in Finland 261–274 Preface PAULIINA RAENTO AND JOHN WESTERHOLM In the Finnish-lan- guage volume, the goal was twofold: first, to in- troduce the achievements and trends of academ- ic geography to the public and, second, to por- tray Finland as part of complex networks of inter- action that range from local environments to glo- bal contexts. Keywords: atlas; edition; finland; national
• Editorial: Ethno-cultural diversity and contemporary national societies by Antonsich, Marco; Mavroudi, Elizabeth (2015) - Above all, if one agrees on the need for nations to be inclusive (Mavroudi 2010), it is necessary to closely explore the complex ways in which the na- tion intersects with everyday life and, in particular, the ways in which the nation can be both exclu- sive and inclusive. The kind of nation she is put- ting forward, through the lived performances of migrants, is one which is agency-centred, prag- matic, non-discursive, progressive, emplaced, dynamic and experiential. Keywords: belonging; diversity; migrants; migration; nation; national; studies; transnational; ways
• Extreme and extremist geographies: commentary on the revanchist impulse and its consequences for everyday bordering by Scott, James Wesley (2017) - What is clear, however, is that extremist political ideas of national identity have deep roots and cannot be explained away in terms of underlying systemic or structural logics. National identity and patriotism are not by definition negative sentiments. Keywords: bordering; europe; identity; national; politics; securitization; security; terms

• Rights in education: outlines for a decolonial, childist reimagination of the future – commentary to Ansell and colleagues by Abebe, Tatek ; Biswas, Tanu; Biswas, Tanu (2021) - We often witness child rights advocates (who seem to rely on the ‘ideal white pupil’ imagination) drawing attention to the cultural reasons why children’s rights to education are not fulfilled or the political economic and material deprivation that hinders effective learning in schools. In other words, we recognize the philosophical value of Ubuntu for a decolonial, childist approach to global education, but we exercise caution in so far as we do not automatically favor ‘local pride’. Keywords: abebe; childhood; children; community; education; future; global; justice; knowledge; learning; life; rights; schooling; south
• An article that refuses to write itself by Zelenska, Vita; Zelenska, Vita (2023) - An article that refuses to write itself URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa138059 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.138059 Special issue: Practicing refusal as relating otherwise: engagements with knowledge production, 'activist praxis', and borders Reflections An article that refuses to write itself VITA ZELENSKA Zelenska, V. (2023) https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.138059 The essay discusses the failure of the author to theorise refusal in relation to the politics of migration. Keywords: article; detention; knowledge; migration; refusal; subject
• A method for assessing absorptive capacity of a regional innovation system by Uotila, Tuomo; Harmaakorpi, Vesa; Melkas, Helinä (2006) - The present article sheds light on the aggregate process of generat- ing and using foresight knowledge in regional innovation processes. Both are, naturally, impor- tant in regional innovation processes: potential ab- sorptive capacity enables the exploration of knowl- edge (often) over the weak ties of the innovation system, and realized absorptive capacity secures the exploitation (often) in the strong ties of the net- works. Keywords: actor; capability; capacity; foresight; future; innovation; knowledge; lahti; processes; region; research; technology

• Changing thoughts, changing future – commentary to Huttunen and Albrecht by von Zabern, Lena; Tulloch, Christopher David; von Zabern, Lena (2021) - Keywords: Fridays for Future, Greta Thunberg, environmental citizenship, climate change media framing, intergenerational justice Lena von Zabern (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-6622), Independent researcher. By doing so, we will also touch on broader ideas of change within the FFF and climate change framing and aspects of (intergenerational) climate justice. Keywords: albrecht; change; climate; future; huttunen; media
• Changes in river runoff in Latvia at the end of the 21st century by Apsite, Elga; Bakute, Anda; Kurpniece, Liga; Pallo, Inese (2010) - these climat- ic changes will determine river runoff patterns: decrease in annual river runoff in the south and increase in the north, and more extreme events like floods or draughts are expected in the stream flow in Europe. Changes in river runoff in Latvia at the end of the 21st century Elga apsĪtE, anda BakutE, lĪga kurpnIEcE and InEsE pallo apsı̄te, Elga, anda Bakute, lı̄ga kurpniece & Inese pallo (2010). Keywords: change; climate; future; latvia; model; river; river runoff; runoff
• Tree-limit landscape evolution at the southern fringe of the Swedish Scandes (Dalarna province) – Holocene and 20th century perspectives by Kullman, Leif (2004) - This course of demographic evolution translates into a new biogeographic pat- tern, i.e. a sparse belt of pine trees, above exist- ing patches of subalpine birch forest, and invading the alpine tundra. Brewer et al. 2002), the present evidence proves an early-Holocene presence of tree species cur- rently absent in the region concerned, i.e. Larix sibirica, Quercus robur and Corylus avellana, right at the modern forest-alpine tundra transitions. Keywords: 14c; a.s.l; alpine; birch; century; change; climate; early; evolution; holocene; kullman; limit; past; peat; pine; present; scandes; site; species; study; swedish; tree; vegetation; wood; years

• Travelling abroad and geopolitical preferences – case of Kharkiv, Dnipro and Mariupol, Ukraine by Gnatiuk, Oleksiy; Mezentsev, Kostyantyn; Pidgrushnyi, Grygorii; Gnatiuk, Oleksiy (2023) - Visiting Russia, providing no travel experience to European countries, in general, has negative correlation with pro-European geopolitical preferences. National identities in post-Soviet Ukraine: the case of Lviv and Donetsk. Keywords: agree; attitudes; cities; countries; dnipro; european; experience; foreign; kharkiv; mariupol; migrants; migration; odds; preferences; pro; ref; russia; soviet; status; travel; travellers; ukraine; ukrainian; western
• Theoretical reflection on the making of the Alpine region. The role of transnational networks on regional identity and institutionalization. by Del Biaggio, Cristina (2010) - in that sense, as the French geographer Di Méo argues, the territoire forms the visible and readable figure of social identity, because it can be mapped and its limits can be drawn. The role of transnational networks of local actors on regional identity and institutionalization Cristina DEL BiaGGiO Del Biaggio, Cristina (2010). Keywords: actors; alpine; alpine region; alps; debarbieux; european; governance; identity; image; networks; new; paasi; process; region

• AIDS and Africa – when will the epidemic level off by Löytönen, Markku (2003) - The more recent view of the pandemic emphasises the multiple patterns of HIV epidemic even in neighbouring countries (Stoneburner et al. 1994, 1996; Mertens & Low- Beer 1996).. While the growth curves of AIDS cases in most industrial countries are currently beginning to lev- el off (Fig. 1), the curves in many developing countries such as India are growing rapidly with no signs of levelling off (Chin & Mann 1988; Smallman-Raynor et al. 1992; Pan American... 1997; The status... 2000; European centre... 2002; AIDS epidemic… 2003). Keywords: africa; aids; countries; epidemic; fig; health; hiv; human; infection; level; löytönen; population; transmission

• The Extinction Rebellion and going beyond politics: can deliberation be the answer in climate mitigation? by Huttunen, Janette; Huttunen, Janette (2024) - Thus, the question becomes: Can climate assemblies bring a solution to the fight against climate crisis1? Some deliberative mini-public advocates are optimistic about the impact of climate assemblies (Willis et al. 2022; Keywords: assemblies; citizens; climate; extinction; impact; rebellion
• The climate of northern Finland by Autio, Jyrki; Heikkinen, Olavi (2002) - The climate of northern Finland. The North Atlantic in the west and the Asian continent in the east regulate the general features of the climate in northern Finland. Keywords: autio; climate; fell; fig; finland; lapland; northern; research; snow; temperature

• Lectio praecursoria: Recognizing the plurality of knowledge, values, and experiences interwoven in Mexican community forestry by Gutiérrez-Zamora, Violeta; Gutierrez, Violeta (2023) - Like all peoples and cultures, forest communities live with their own contradictions and complexities. This lectio delves into the plurality of experiences, values and knowledge interwoven in the development of community forestry in the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca, Mexico. Keywords: communities; community; environmental; forestry; forests; gutiérrez; state; zamora
• Using photovoice methodology to capture narratives of Sri Lankan Northern Muslims displacement by Alikhan, Mohideen; Jayatilaka, Danesh; Alikhan, Mohideen (2025) - Women participants, in particular, conveyed how the experience of being forcibly displaced affected them in specific ways. Its ability to promote autonomy, enhance participant engagement, and create a more enjoyable and accessible research process has made it an appealing choice for researchers working with marginalized communities. Keywords: accountability; community; displacement; experiences; jaffna; lanka; method; muslims; narratives; northern; participants; participatory; photographs; photovoice; puttalam; research; sri; visual

• Mapping the historical sense of Finland by Häkli, Jouni (2002) - At this juncture the image of the territory of autonomous Finland became a nation- al symbol with a politics of its own. During the Swedish rule the concept of ‘Fin- land’ was generally associated with the south- western corner of contemporary Finland, that is, the region of Varsinais-Suomi (‘Finland Proper’), or sometimes with the entire collection of Swe- den’s ‘Eastern provinces’. Keywords: finland; history; häkli; maps; nation; political; state; territory; war

• The politico-religious landscape of medieval Karelia by Lind, John H. (2004) - Here the Novgorod Karelians either still had their hunting grounds or where they had to pass through in or- der to reach them. This colonising movement might easily have put the loyalty of the Novgorod Karelians in doubt. Keywords: century; island; isthmus; karelians; lake; landscape; lind; medieval; novgorod; region; river; russian; swedish; valamo

• Land use rights and gender in Ovamboland, North- Central Namibia, since the 1930s by Siiskonen, Harri (2009) - In North-Central Namibia, the area studied in this paper, land use was based on communal own- ership, so that the allocation of land, its inherit- ance and various issues related to land use rights were resolved in consultation with the local kings or headmen and their representatives at the village level. Studies have been based on oral information collected by various methods, which causes problems when analysing long-term changes in land use rights (see Solomon et al. 1994; Becker & Hinz 1995; LeBeau et al. 2004; Gordon 2005; Hubbard & Caplan 2005). Keywords: cent; land; marriage; namibia; north; ovamboland; parish; rights; use; widows; women; years

• Lectio praecursoria: Theory of control tuning – the processing of control in migration-related place coping by Niemi, Saija (2019) - Some researchers have indeed considered constructing a theory that would synthesise existing migration theories into one, all-explaining theory. http://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2451.00259 Favell, A. (2008) Rebooting migration theory: interdisciplinarity, globality, and postdisciplinarity in migration studies. Keywords: actors; control; migration; theory; tuning

• South Asian students’ migration to, within and from Finland and Sweden: connecting the dots to arrivals and departures by Abdin, Zain Ul; Abdin, Zain Ul (2023) - This focus on the two stages has emerged as developed countries changed their policies to attract and retain young, talented students to produce knowledge economies and generate revenue from student migration (Findlay 2011; Li 2019). In such cases, student migration becomes triple- or multistage. Keywords: cities; countries; country; destination; education; finland; job; migrants; migration; opportunities; stay; students; studies; study; sweden; university

• Realm of freedom and realm of necessity in definitions of the ‘planetary’: Cold War, Great Acceleration and the impediments of human-Earth entanglements. by Liubimau, Siarhei; Liubimau, Siarhei (2025) - In this respect, when translated specifically into urbanist practice, it would be interesting to further interrogate what the notion of planetarity, which systematically involves non-human perspectives, adds to the notion of sustainability. Care and sensibility to non-human agencies are at the forefront of Pikner’s essay’s argument. Keywords: acceleration; earth; energy; human; nuclear; pikner; planetarity; realm
• A wilderness treaty for the Arctic: Svalbard to the Inuit Nunaat, defining a sovereign wilderness by Carleton, Alexandra; Carleton, Alexandra (2020) - Such an approach would aim to preserve Arctic wilderness at the expense of human endeavour – the negotiating premise thus would change from compromise where, for example, indigenous argue against mineral exploration, to rather negation of national and human interest. Arctic Inuit citizenry in the Circumpolar Declaration Articles 1.5–1.8 makes apparent an emerging tale in new sovereignty: that of layered sovereignty. Keywords: arctic; art; declaration; environment; human; indigenous; international; inuit; land; law; protection; resources; rights; sovereignty; states; svalbard; treaty; wilderness

• Geography without a prefix by Mäki, Sanna (2012) - The Academy of Finland recently published the yearly review “The state of scientific research in Finland 2012”. There seems to be a genuine need to strengthen the role of the Society as a collective voice of ge- ographers promoting geographical research and education in Finland, and making geographical expertise visible in the society. Keywords: finland; society

• How eco-clubs foster pro-environmental behavior in a school context: a case from Finland by Huoponen, Anssi; Huoponen, Anssi (2024) - 2) How do EC members perceive the enablers and barriers to the EC activities? EC members were extracted from the survey. Keywords: actions; activities; behavior; club; ec members; eco; education; environmental; meaning; members; non; perceptions; research; school; students; study; things
• Relational accountability dynamics in refugee-led education systems by Aden, Hassan; Aden, Hassan (2025) - FENNIA 203(1) 2025 99Hassan Aden Globally, the funding for refugee education has significantly declined in the past decade due to numerous global emergency crises. Refugee education is mainly funded through a short-term emergency fund rather than on earmarked long-term funds. Keywords: accountability; aden; aid; camps; dadaab; education; humanitarian; journal; kenya; parents; power; quality; refugee; research; schools; students; system; teachers
• And now what? Changing fields and methodologies during the Covid-19 pandemic: from international mobilities to education by de Barros, Antonio Pedro; Guerreiro, Ana Daniela; Mascarenhas, Mafalda F.; Reis, Rita; Reis, Rita (2020) - We reflect on the consequences of the restrictions through two case studies: international students (Sahrawis in Spain) and national students (in Portugal). 235Antonio Pedro de Barros et al.FENNIA 198(1–2) (2020) This essay reflects upon the changes brought on by the pandemic, both in the field and the methodologies adopted by us – all in different phases of PhD research. Keywords: covid-19; education; fieldwork; mascarenhas; mobilities; pandemic; portugal; reis; research; students

• The boundaries of Finland in transition by Jukarainen, Pirjo (2002) - The disparity in living standards has only been ac- centuated by the fact that Finnish border regions are net recipients of public income transfers, whereas in Russia the mechanisms of interregion- al redistribution have been diminished by the eco- nomic crisis (Alanen & Eskelinen 2000: 63). State borders, in partic- ular, have still been seen to form an essential sym- bolic part of daily life and culture (see, e.g., van Houtum 1998) even to an extent that we are caught in a “territorial trap” – fixation on state- centric thinking (Agnew 1998: 51–52). Keywords: border; boundaries; finland; helsinki; jukarainen; karelia; politico; traffic

• Changes of emergent aquatic macrophyte cover in seven large boreal lakes in Finland with special reference to water level regulation by Partanen, Sari; Hellsten, Seppo (2005) - Effect of water level fluctua- tion on lake vegetation. As the usual method for large lakes studies is the transect or square method, the lack of both spatial and temporal data for larger boreal lakes in Finland is evident. Keywords: changes; cover; finland; hellsten; kallavesi; lake; lake kallavesi; lake kemijärvi; lake pyhäjärvi; lake päijänne; lake vanajavesi; näsijärvi; open; paper; päijänne; regulation; sites; study; study lakes; study sites; survey; unnukka; vegetation; water; water level; water quality

• Water chemistry in Lake Paanajärvi and inflowing rivers, NW Russian Karelia by Koutaniemi, Leo; Kuusela, Kalevi (2006) - The warming of river and lake waters initiates the spring turnover, temperature stratification and biological activity. Spring-time starts with violent nival floods in May associated with the maximal colour values, minimal alkalinity contents, and the rise of the spring turnover, temperature stratification and biotic activity which proceed in a wave-like fash- ion through the lake controlled by the through-flow and warming of river waters entering into the western inlet end of the lake. Keywords: alkalinity; basin; fig; koutaniemi; kuusela; lake; l−1; nitrate; paanajärvi; rivers; values; water

• An overview of Inuit perspectives on Franklin’s lost expedition (1845–1846): a few avenues for discussion and future research – commentary to Pawliw, Berthold, and Lasserre by Mossé, Marie; Mosse, Marie (2022) - The authors display a comparison between Stephen Harper’s (2006–2015) and Justin Trudeau’s (2015–present) official discourses concerning Franklin’s lost expedition and show how the same discourse – specifically the role of Inuit Arctic knowledges and the collaboration between Canadian searchers and Inuit inhabitants of the region – can be interpreted in various ways to suit various political agendas. In a certain way, the revalorization of Inuit oral history and testimonies in the historiography of Franklin’s lost expedition can be understood as an example of “recomplexification” of the North and of the Arctic. Keywords: arctic; canada; canadian; communities; expedition; franklin; franklin expedition; government; harper; history; inuit; myth; nunavut; oral; press
• Floristic complexes on landslides of different age in Central Yamal, West Siberian Low Arctic, Russia by Khitun, Olga; Ermokhina, Ksenia; Czernyadjeva, Irina; Leibman, Marina; Khomutov, Artem (2015) - Pioneer communities on Yamal landslides are dominated by grass- es (Deschampsia borealis, Puccinellia sibirica, Calamagrostis holmii, Poa alpige- na ssp. Geochemical properties of plant- soil-permafrost system at landslide slopes, Yamal, Russia. Keywords: + /+; -/+; age; arctic; body; communities; et al; groundwater; iii; khitun; landslides; layer; leibman; mosses; parts; russian; shear; slopes; species; surface; table; tundra; vegetation; walker; yamal; years

• Reading for refusal in UK maternity care: entangling struggles for border and reproductive justice by Cassidy, Kathryn; Amiri, Rana; Davidson, Gill; Cassidy, Kathryn (2023) - We seek to shift these debates by framing this lack of early engagement with state-provided maternity services as a form of refusal that denotes an active disengagement by bordered women from intersecting structures of harm and oppression that are embedded in the UK’s National Health Service, particularly through the charging regime. Drawing on participant observation and data from secondary sources, we illustrate how refusal of early antenatal care opens pathways for bordered women to seek the care-ful conditions they need and want during pregnancy. Keywords: asylum; border; care; charging; conditions; health; home; immigration; maternity; maternity care; nhs; office; pregnancy; refusal; support; violence; women
• Emplacement in hostile spaces: hopeless notes – commentary to van Liempt by Lounasmaa, Aura; Lounasmaa, Aura (2023) - Important part of these is emplacement, where the focus can turn into how migrants themselves become part of creating arrival infrastructures and making home in new environments, including the public spaces they inhabit. Finally, the emergence of the techno-borderscape (Godin & Doná 2020) has moved large parts of arrival infrastructures, both the bordering and the support that these represent, and possibilities of home-making online, with many migrants simultaneously having reduced access to the digital spaces. Keywords: access; arrival; emplacement; home; infrastructures; liempt; migrants; spaces; van

• Geographical impacts of financial integration by Salo, Sinikka (2006) - Financial markets are usually seen as forerunners in globalization, since the im- material and weightless nature of finance seems to make geography less relevant than in most other industries. The picture of financial markets as extremely globalised is, however, only partly correct. Keywords: capital; control; finance; industry; integration; international; investment; markets; services; world

• Welcome, its suppression, and the in-between spaces of refugee sub-citizenship – commentary to Gill by Sparke, Matthew Brookman (2018) - Conceptualizing sub-citizenship in this way, we can also follow Gill to notice how social struggles to expand refugee inclusion, agency and movement in everyday life are in ongoing embodied tension with the bureaucratization of humanitarian welcome as well as with the obliteration of welcome by state and non-state terror (Gill 2018). From street graffiti and the successful City Plaza hotel squat in Athens to Lesvos Solidarity’s camp for especially vulnerable refugees in a former summer camp for children, such spaces of welcome were easy to find during a three-week research visit.1 They included informal everyday solidarity spaces such as kitchens and couches, as well as humanitarian care sites such as clinics. Keywords: citizenship; gill; spaces; sparke; sub; suppression; welcome

• How we have been productive when Coronavirus locked us out of University by Micaela Nascimento, Andreia; Ferrinho Lopes, Hugo; Ferrinho Lopes, Hugo (2020) - Time for science: open access to knowledge The suspension of face-to-face courses and seminars, despite having put us in an unpleasant, unexpected and unimaginable position, has forced the learning process to be quickly reconfigured and adapted to a new and unknown context. Keywords: university, PhD thesis, Coronavirus, academic productivity, open science Andreia Micaela Nascimento (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-4768) & Hugo Ferrinho Lopes (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7256-6180), Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Aníbal de Bettencourt, n. 9. 1600-189 Lisboa, Portugal. Keywords: access; coronavirus; face; pandemic; phd; science; students

• The anti-mining movement in Brazil in the 2010s by Galvao Lyra, Mariana; Galvao, Mariana (2022) - These two cases are analyzed and their effects on anti-mining activism are explored through a twofold focus on social movements and environmental justice studies. The study contributes to scientific discussions on mining and society by seeking conceptual bridges across political-ecologically oriented studies on social movements against mineral extraction. Keywords: activism; brazil; conflicts; context; dam; environmental; mining; movement

• The framing of environmental citizenship and youth participation in the Fridays for Future Movement in Finland – commentary to Huttunen and Albrecht by Holmberg, Arita; Holmberg, Arita (2021) - Their analysis of the framing of children’s and youth protests through the lens of environmental citizenship raises a number of points that should be further addressed in future research. 145Arita HolmbergFENNIA 199(1) (2021) youth protests in recent years – educated children advocating for social and political change (Holmberg & Alvinius 2020). Keywords: children; citizenship; movement; youth
• Geopolitical lives of children – commentary to Habashi by Laketa, Suncana (2019) - Interview.ba 28.3.2017 Habashi, J. (2019) Palestinian children: a transformation of national identity in the Abbas era. https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.80159 I write this piece as a commentary to Habashi’s article (this issue) on the national identity of Palestinian children. Keywords: children; habashi

• Combating the shocks of the 'unplayful' field. Alone! – commentary to Taylor by McFarlane-Morris, Shenika ; MCFARLANE-MORRIS, Shenika (2020) - The dilemma of conducting research back in your own country as a returning student – reflections of research fieldwork in Zimbabwe. One such female is Ross (2015, 183), a Caucasian Canadian female who did ethnographic fieldwork in the Caribbean. Keywords: fieldwork; research; researchers; students; taylor

• Zines beyond a means: crafting new research process - commentary to Valli by Bagelman, Jennifer; Bagelman, Jennifer (2021) - Zines beyond a means: crafting new research process – commentary to Valli URN: NBN:fi:tsv-oa109263 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.109263 Reflections Zines beyond a means: crafting new research process – commentary to Valli JEN BAGELMAN Bagelman, J. (2021) Zines beyond a means: crafting new research process – commentary to Valli. Keywords: chiara; process; research; zine

• PhD research in social sciences amid a pandemic: introduction to a situated and reflexive perspective by Tulumello, Simone; Favilla, Kátia; Tulumello, Simone (2020) - Focusing on the impact that the pandemic and the measures put in place in response to it had on PhD research seemed natural to the organizers – after all, the meeting itself had to be organized completely online. Concluding remarks This collection of essays gives us a wide set of perspectives on how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected social sciences and PhD research in particular. Keywords: essays; pandemic; phd; research; sciences
• “When will fieldwork open up again?” Beginning a project in pandemic times by Favilla, Katia; Pita, Tatiana; Favilla, Katia (2020) - As doctoral students, at the beginning of our investigations, we have had to deal with the concern of designing and redesigning a research project and consider different research routes that could effectively fit and be developed and carried out in this context. Keywords: Covid-19, pandemic, digital methodologies, fieldwork, research, PhD Simone Tulumello (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6660-3432) & Kátia Favilla (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-6339), Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. A de Bettencourt 9, 1600-189, Lisbon, Portugal. Keywords: context; field; fieldwork; interlocutors; pandemic; research
• The challenges of anthropological research among sex workers and victims of domestic violence in times of the Covid-19 pandemic by Câmara, Raphaella; Silva, Marcos ; Câmara, Raphaella (2020) - During the Covid-19 pandemic, the guidance suggested by the World Health Organization and followed by most governments was the proposal of social isolation as the main way of reducing the possibility of contagion and of flattening the curve. Yet social isolation has revealed social inequalities experienced by different groups in society. Keywords: covid-19; isolation; pandemic; participants; research; sex; violence

• Gendered orientalism and the agency of Syrian, Muslim women refugees by Culcasi, Karen; Culcasi, Karen (2024) - Lastly, drawing from interviews I conducted with Syrian Muslim women refugees in Jordan, I highlight the disconnect between the discourses on Syrian refugees in the U.S. and the lives of these women who are coping with the traumas of war and displacement with incredible strength and determination; and they have done so in part through their faith. While such narratives are not new nor necessarily surprising, the victim discourse on Muslim women broadly, and of Syrian Muslim women refugees specifically, stand in stark contrast to the lived experiences of the strong, capable, and pious Syrian Muslim women I interviewed in Jordan. Keywords: agency; culcasi; feminism; gendered; islam; islamic; jordan; media; muslim; refugees; resettlement; syrian; u.s; victims; war; women; women refugees
• Navigating the ‘grey zone’: academic collaboration and research on/in Russia during geopolitical crisis by Nielsen , Henrik Dorf; Kaisto, Virpi; Kaisto, Virpi (2024) - One panelist suggested that while collaboration with individual scholars who do not use their institutional affiliation should continue, it is justified to impose restrictions on collaborating with Russian academic institutions that have supported Russia’s aggression in Ukraine, as indicated by their endorsement of the Ledger. So far, there has been a wide range of academic sanctions, including funding of joint research and educational programs, projects and grants, as well as bans on collaboration with Russian academic institutions and travel to Russia. Keywords: collaboration; panelists; research; russia; sanctions; scholars; ukraine; university; war

• Diagnosing wild species harvest: resource use and conservation by Flores Tenorio, Pedro Augusto (2017) - Among the large number of concepts defined are: harvest, wild, species, biological diversity, biodiversity, genetic diversity, ecosystem diversity, species diversity, species richness, evenness, effective number of species, alpha diversity, gamma diversity, beta diversity, species distribution, population density, ecosystem functions, ecosystem services, biological matter, natural resources, transactions with 120 FENNIA 195: 1 (2017)Reflections: Book review nature, harvesters, sustainability of wild species harvest, sustainable development, resilience and social-ecological systems. Book review: Diagnosing wild species harvest: resource use and conservation URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa64171 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.64171 Reflections: Book review Diagnosing wild species harvest: resource use and conservation PEDRO FLORES TENORIO Flores Tenorio, Pedro (2017). Keywords: book; conservation; harvest; resource; species; wild

• The research station "Vaskiny Dachi", Central Yamal, West Siberia, Russia – a review of 25 years of permafrost studies by Leibman, Marina O; Khomutov, Artem V; Gubarkov, Anatoly A; Dvornikov, Yury A; Mullanurov, Damir R (2015) - The ratio of some chemical elements determined in all plants and plant parts also shows that nutrition on landslide surfaces is provided by willows. Cryogenic landslides control the development of other processes, such as thermal erosion, river channel erosion and thermokarst. Keywords: calm; cryogenic; dachi; depth; fig; ground; gubarkov; ice; landslide; landsliding; layer; leibman; leibman et; leibman mo; permafrost; processes; research; river; russian; slopes; station; surface; temperature; vaskiny; vegetation; yamal

• Who hosts a politics of welcome? – commentary to Gill by Bagelman, Jen (2018) - E-mail: j.bagelman@exeter. ac.uk, Twitter: @bagel_woman I would like to begin by reflecting on the question of ‘welcome’ raised by Nick Gill’s intervention specifically in relation to the welcome extended here, and one we regularly receive as academics. Who hosts a politics of welcome? Keywords: forms; gill; politics; welcome
• Who welcomes? The geographies of refugee aid as care work – commentary to Gill by Pascucci, Elisa (2018) - The geographies of refugee aid as care work – commentary to Gill URN:NBN:fi:tsv-oa76588 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.76588 Reflections Who welcomes? The geographies of refugee aid as care work – commentary to Gill ELISA PASCUCCI Pascucci, E. (2018) Keywords: aid; care; gill; labour; welcome

• Developing a cultural geomorphology of hazards for heritage conservation: reflections from Majuli Island of India by Sahay, Avijit; Prasad, Suraj; Bajaj, Amrita; Sahay, Avijit (2024) - However, there is also a case to show that geomorphological processes also have a profound impact on cultural heritage sites. The United Nations Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction has incorporated the preservation of cultural heritage in disaster resilience strategies (UNDRR 2015) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Centre for European regions has highlighted natural hazards and the climate change related factors as elements that can have future impacts on cultural heritage sites (UNESCO 2015). Keywords: brahmaputra; cultural; culture; erosion; geomorphology; hazards; heritage; india; island; majuli; river; satras; sites

• English: lingua franca or disenfranchising? by Fregonese, Sara (2017) - Contrarily to the historical use of lingua franca as a simplified system of transnational communication that facilitates the pragmatics of economic and cultural exchange, academic English is instead used vernacularly and becomes an excluding barrier. Academic English spoken and heard at conferences is often not franca, but vernacular: it is the kind of English spoken by natives in that language, and assuming that they will be understood by others, just by speaking English. Keywords: english; franca; language; lingua

• Pedagogy of ‘Refusing’ – commentary to Siriwardane-de Zoysa, Sreekanta, Mwambari, Mehta and Majumder by Dey, Sayan; Dey, Sayan (2023) - https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.126102 This commentary is a critical response to the dialogic essay “The unruly arts of ethnographic refusal: power, politics, performativity” that unpacks the complex performances of hierarchies and violence as performed during ethnographic research works in anthropology. The unruly arts of ethnographic refusal: power, politics, performativity. Keywords: experiences; refusals; research; silences

• Holocene development of the Pennala basin with special reference to the palaeoenvironment of Meso- and Neolithic dwelling sites, Lahti–Orimattila, Southern Finland by Sirviö, Tommi; Kajander, Meri (2003) - The slight increase of typical Ancylus Lake spe- cies at the boundary between diatom zones Ia and Ib suggests that Pennala basin became a part of the Ancylus Lake. Field and laboratory methods To verify the assumed levels of the Ancylus trans- gression and the ancient Pennala Lake, the alti- tudes of the raised shorelines and the threshold (Figs. 3 & 4) were surveyed in the area close to the level of Ancylus Lake (approx. Keywords: 14c; 14c yr; a.s.l; ancylus; basin; cal yr; diatom; dwelling; finland; lake; pennala; pennala basin; pollen; transgression; yr bp

• Landscape mosaic in the treeline ecotone on Mt Rodjanoaivi, Subarctic Finland by Broll, Gabriele; Holtmeier, Friedrich-Karl; Anschlag, Kerstin; Brauckmann, Hans-Jörg; Wald, Sabine; Drees, Birgit (2007) - The usually deep organic horizon on “wet” (mineral and organic) hummocks in the poorly drained places is likely to have accumulated at higher soil moisture than at present. Soil moisture conditions on the extreme- ly wind-eroded sites with mineral soil exposed (Fig. 6 type E) are not significantly different from the sites covered by low lichen-dominated vegeta- tion (Fig. 6 type L). Keywords: birch; broll; conditions; dwarf; ecotone; fig; holtmeier; hummocks; moisture; rodjanoaivi; shrub; sites; soil; topography; treeline; valley; vegetation; wind

• Communicating back: reflections on IBZM as participatory dissemination – commentary on Valli by Cele, Sofia; Cele, Sofia (2021) - Participatory dissemination engages research participants in the interpretation of preliminary research findings. Keywords: participatory dissemination, workshop, qualitative methods, zine-making, participatory methods Sofia Cele (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9291-5168), Department of Social and Economic Geography, Uppsala University, Box 513, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden. Keywords: dissemination; participants; valli

• Filling the gap or taking the lead? Refugee led organisations in Uganda by Agook , Keluel; Arou, Kuol; Ahmed , Siham; Mugisho , Joyeux; Touloung, Simon Marot; Refstie, Hilde; Refstie, Hilde (2025) - Keywords: humanitarian localisation, refugee led aid, refugees in Uganda, crisis response, accountability Keluel Agook, Kuol Arou, Refugee Led Organisation Network (RELON Uganda). In Uganda refugees are already exercising that power daily through savings groups, vocational schools, mental-health circles, sustainable farming plots and digital-access hubs. Keywords: accountability; groups; localisation; organisations; refugee; rlos; uganda

• Faltering demand and performance of the logistics service sector in two cities of South-East Finland by Hilmola, Olli-Pekka K.; Hämäläinen, Esa (2016) - Two research questions are raised: 1) How have logistics service companies experienced the challenging and declining cargo market?; and 2) Does location play a role in the adaptation pro- cess? Kotka The reason for logistics service companies to exist in Kotka is of course linked to the short proximity to the HaminaKotka sea port (see Fig. 1 for details; also concluded in Posti et al. 2009). Keywords: companies; export; finland; import; kotka; kouvola; logistics; period; railway; russia; sea; sector; statistics; transit

• Humanitarian accountability in an age of impunity — commentary to Vandevoordt by Mogstad, Heidi ; Mogstad, Heidi (2025) - NBN:fi:tsv-oa156946 DOI: 10.11143/fennia.156946 Reflections Humanitarian accountability in an age of impunity — commentary to Vandevoordt HEIDI MOGSTAD Mogstad, H. (2025) Humanitarian accountability in an age of impunity — commentary to Vandevoordt. https://doi.org/1011143/fennia.156946 In a time of escalating state violence and the criminalisation of both migration and humanitarian work, this paper explores how we can think and write about humanitarian accountability under these conditions. Keywords: accountability; aid; citizen; collectives; humanitarianism; mogstad; vandevoordt

• Discourse in a modern Arctic: can we supplant sovereignty? – commentary to Pawliw, Berthold and Lasserre by Carleton, Alexandra; Carleton, Alexandra (2021) - The article written by Pawliw, Berthold and Lasserre (2021) is an apt discussion of fluctuating attitudes to the Arctic in political discourse, and poignantly highlights that political discourse changes to suit political motivations. I question the mobilization of discourses to substantiate claims and lasting jurisdiction over the Arctic as the true nature of reconstructing narratives. Keywords: arctic; discourse; sovereignty
• Exploring environmental knowledge: the construction and conservation of agricultural biodiversity in Ghana by Juhola, Sirkku (2009) - Rice variety Local discourse Diversity discourse Agric discourse Agona Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Local (introduced) Oryza sativa Aboyang Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Local (introduced) Oryza sativa Agonbela Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryz aglaberrima Local (introduced) Oryza sativa Abong Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Local (introduced) Oryza sativa Adenbemah Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Local (introduced) Oryza sativa Agondiga Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Local (introduced) Oryza sativa Musabeliga Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Agongima Mui kudda Indigenous variety Oryza glaberrima Local (introduced) Agrobiodiversity conservation: in situ conservation and manage- ment of indigenous rice varieties in the interior savanna of zone of Ghana. Keywords: agricultural; biodiversity; conservation; discourse; farmers; glaberrima; indigenous; local; oryza; rice; sativa; varieties; variety

• Preface by Häyrynen, Maunu; Raivo, Petri J. (2004) - Docent Petri Raivo, Principal lecturer at the North Karelia Polytechnic, discusses Karelia as a Finnish lieu de mémoire, revealing the politics of memory manifested in the disputes over war me- morials between Finland and Soviet Union/Rus- sia. The recent years have seen a growing internation- al interest in the study of Karelia. Keywords: karelia; university

• The trends and geography of nanotechnological research by de M. Alencar, Maria Simone; Canongia, Claudia; Antunes, Adelaide M. S. (2006) - Highest frequency terms in articles published in the USA by year of publication – 1994/2004. Highest frequency terms in articles published in Japan by year of publication – 1994/2004. Keywords: articles; countries; dot; frequency; nanocrystal; nanotechnology; quantum; terms; univ

• No trenches: toward inclusive and hybrid methodologies – commentary to Tulumello by Herb, Guntram H. (2019) - Conceptually, I am concerned with 1) the conflation of positivism and quantitative methods and 2) the binary of quantitative/positivist methods versus qualitative methods. You argue that there are links between quantification (large data sets and sample sizes), generalizations, and theory building – and that practitioners using quantitative methods deny qualitative methods the ability to generalize due to small data sets. Keywords: epistemologies; methodologies; methods; positivist

• Mental health, coloniality and fieldwork in the European university: a reflection in three challenges – commentary to Taylor by Hirsch, Lioba; Hirsch, Lioba (2020) - In his (2019) piece, Taylor is very self-reflective on his own positionality and the often obscured dynamics that allow white male researchers to conduct research in areas unfamiliar to them. In this reflection piece, I discuss three challenges to the way we think about fieldwork and mental health in the context of European universities. Keywords: fieldwork; taylor; trauma; universities; violence

• Towards washing the baby in the bathwater? – commentary to Refstie by Häkli, Jouni; Häkli, Jouni (2022) - I mainly pay attention to how she lays out the key problems in co-creative research in our fast-paced academia that meets the increasing demands for relevance coming from the policymaking for sustainability. This is a paradoxical outcome for co-creative research that has represented attempts to achieve precisely the opposite. Keywords: refstie

• Preliminary enviromagnetic comparison of the moss, lichen, and filter fabric bags to air pollution monitoring by Salo, Hanna Helena (2014) - Furthermore, moss bags accumulate more magnetic material than lichen bags which, on the contrary, perform better at further distances. The bag technique has been applied for both li- chens and mosses (e.g. Adamo et al. 2003, Culi- cov & Yurukova 2006), although moss bags are more familiar. Keywords: air; bags; comparison; finland; lichen; material; moss; pollution; sample; susceptibilities

• Mapping the 'gray area' – commentary to Tulumello by Häkli, Jouni (2019) - This is indicated by his use of terms such as “quantitative/positivist” that adds some precision as to who he actually aims to refer to in the context of quantitative social research. In Tulumello’s view, the proponents of quantitative methods tend to adopt a monist stance where quantitative analyses and theory building are proposed as a model for all social scientific work. Keywords: qualitative; research; tulumello

• In Memoriam: Roser Majoral by Käyhkö, Jukka (2006) - She was the Head of the Department of Physical Geography and Regional Geography between 1990 and 1994, and her role was invaluable in promoting and co-ordinating the Research Group of Territorial Analysis and Regional Development serving the Catalan Government from 1998 on- wards. Roser Majoral received the master’s degree in geography and history at the University of Barce- lona in 1971. Keywords: roser

• Commuting with on-site accommodation in the mining industry and its effects on spatial structures by Tykkyläinen, Markku (1996) - 65055-Article Text-79186-1-6-20170622.pdf https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.8914 Keywords: https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.8914

• Potentials for innovative restructuring of industry in Northwestern Russia by Tykkyläinen, Markku; Jussila, Heikki (1998) - 79581-Article Text-114288-1-2-20190226.pdf https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.8922 Keywords: https://doi.org/10.11143/fennia.8922

• The institutionalization of regions: a theoretical framework for understanding the emergence of regions and the constitution of regional identity by Paasi, Anssi (1986) - NBN:fi:sv-oa9052 DOI: 10.11143/9052 Paasi_parittomat_rajattu Paasi_parilliset_rajattu URN: Keywords: urn

Epilogue

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Created: 2025-12-24