id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
foster-181	1	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	1	2	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	1	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	1	4	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	1	5	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	1	6	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	1	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	1	8	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	1	9	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	1	10	3	3	NUM
foster-181	1	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	1	12	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	1	13	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	1	14	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	1	15	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	1	16	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	1	17	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	1	18	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	1	19	-	-	SYM
foster-181	1	20	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	1	21	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	1	22	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	1	23	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	1	24	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	1	25	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	1	26	-	-	SYM
foster-181	1	27	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	1	28	191	191	NUM
foster-181	1	29	the	the	DET
foster-181	1	30	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	1	31	perspective	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	1	32	of	of	ADP
foster-181	1	33	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	1	34	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	1	35	francophones	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	1	36	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	1	37	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	1	38	as	as	ADP
foster-181	1	39	a	a	DET
foster-181	1	40	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	1	41	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	1	42	vera	vera	NOUN
foster-181	1	43	gyamera1	gyamera1	NOUN
foster-181	1	44	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	1	45	fauna	fauna	PROPN
foster-181	1	46	frimpong2	frimpong2	NOUN
foster-181	2	1	1&2university	1&2university	NUM
foster-181	2	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	2	3	media	medium	NOUN
foster-181	2	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	2	5	arts	art	NOUN
foster-181	2	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	2	7	communication	communication	NOUN
foster-181	2	8	–	–	PUNCT
foster-181	2	9	institute	institute	NOUN
foster-181	2	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	2	11	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	2	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	2	13	accra	accra	NOUN
foster-181	2	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	2	15	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	2	16	vera.gyamera@unimac.edu.gh	vera.gyamera@unimac.edu.gh	PROPN
foster-181	2	17	abstract	abstract	NOUN
foster-181	2	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	2	19	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	2	20	investigates	investigate	VERB
foster-181	2	21	the	the	DET
foster-181	2	22	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	2	23	of	of	ADP
foster-181	2	24	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	2	25	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	2	26	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	2	27	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	2	28	as	as	ADP
foster-181	2	29	a	a	DET
foster-181	2	30	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	2	31	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	2	32	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	2	33	esl	esl	PROPN
foster-181	2	34	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	2	35	at	at	ADP
foster-181	2	36	the	the	DET
foster-181	2	37	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	2	38	institute	institute	PROPN
foster-181	2	39	of	of	ADP
foster-181	2	40	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	2	41	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	2	42	gil	gil	PROPN
foster-181	2	43	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	2	44	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	2	45	focusing	focus	VERB
foster-181	2	46	on	on	ADP
foster-181	2	47	the	the	DET
foster-181	2	48	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	2	49	of	of	ADP
foster-181	2	50	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	2	51	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	2	52	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	2	53	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	3	1	using	use	VERB
foster-181	3	2	a	a	DET
foster-181	3	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
foster-181	3	4	approach	approach	NOUN
foster-181	3	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	3	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	3	7	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	3	8	surveyed	survey	VERB
foster-181	3	9	267	267	NUM
foster-181	3	10	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	3	11	from	from	ADP
foster-181	3	12	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	3	13	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	3	14	countries	country	NOUN
foster-181	3	15	through	through	ADP
foster-181	3	16	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	3	17	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	4	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
foster-181	4	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
foster-181	4	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	4	4	including	include	VERB
foster-181	4	5	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
foster-181	4	6	statistics	statistic	NOUN
foster-181	4	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	4	8	anova	anova	PROPN
foster-181	4	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	4	10	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	4	11	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	4	12	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	4	13	generally	generally	ADV
foster-181	4	14	hold	hold	VERB
foster-181	4	15	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	4	16	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	4	17	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	4	18	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	4	19	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	4	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	5	1	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	5	2	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	5	3	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	5	4	significantly	significantly	ADV
foster-181	5	5	more	more	ADV
foster-181	5	6	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	5	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	5	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	5	9	m	m	NOUN
foster-181	5	10	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	5	11	4.46	4.46	NUM
foster-181	5	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	5	13	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	5	14	=	=	SYM
foster-181	5	15	0.36	0.36	NUM
foster-181	5	16	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	5	17	than	than	ADP
foster-181	5	18	their	their	PRON
foster-181	5	19	male	male	ADJ
foster-181	5	20	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
foster-181	5	21	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	5	22	m	m	PROPN
foster-181	5	23	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	5	24	4.21	4.21	NUM
foster-181	5	25	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	5	26	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	5	27	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	5	28	0.77	0.77	NUM
foster-181	5	29	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	5	30	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	5	31	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	5	32	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	5	33	showed	show	VERB
foster-181	5	34	a	a	DET
foster-181	5	35	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	5	36	correlation	correlation	NOUN
foster-181	5	37	with	with	ADP
foster-181	5	38	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	5	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	6	1	younger	young	ADJ
foster-181	6	2	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	6	3	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	6	4	16–20	16–20	NUM
foster-181	6	5	years	year	NOUN
foster-181	6	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	6	7	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	6	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	6	9	most	most	ADV
foster-181	6	10	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	6	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	6	12	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	6	13	m	m	NOUN
foster-181	6	14	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	6	15	4.39	4.39	NUM
foster-181	6	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	6	17	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	6	18	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	6	19	0.45	0.45	NUM
foster-181	6	20	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	6	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	6	22	which	which	PRON
foster-181	6	23	declined	decline	VERB
foster-181	6	24	in	in	ADP
foster-181	6	25	older	old	ADJ
foster-181	6	26	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	6	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	7	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	7	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	7	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
foster-181	7	4	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	7	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	7	6	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	7	7	as	as	ADP
foster-181	7	8	critical	critical	ADJ
foster-181	7	9	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	7	10	in	in	ADP
foster-181	7	11	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	7	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	7	13	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	7	14	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	7	15	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	7	16	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	7	17	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	8	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	8	2	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	8	3	underscores	underscore	VERB
foster-181	8	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	8	5	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	8	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	8	7	attitudinal	attitudinal	ADJ
foster-181	8	8	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	8	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	8	10	esl	esl	PROPN
foster-181	8	11	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	8	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	8	13	offering	offer	VERB
foster-181	8	14	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	8	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	8	16	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
foster-181	8	17	insights	insight	NOUN
foster-181	8	18	for	for	ADP
foster-181	8	19	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
foster-181	8	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	8	21	educators	educator	NOUN
foster-181	8	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	9	1	it	it	PRON
foster-181	9	2	calls	call	VERB
foster-181	9	3	for	for	ADP
foster-181	9	4	targeted	target	VERB
foster-181	9	5	interventions	intervention	NOUN
foster-181	9	6	to	to	PART
foster-181	9	7	sustain	sustain	VERB
foster-181	9	8	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	9	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	9	10	across	across	ADP
foster-181	9	11	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	9	12	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	9	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	9	14	further	further	ADJ
foster-181	9	15	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	9	16	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
foster-181	9	17	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
foster-181	9	18	methods	method	NOUN
foster-181	9	19	to	to	PART
foster-181	9	20	explore	explore	VERB
foster-181	9	21	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	9	22	like	like	ADP
foster-181	9	23	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
foster-181	9	24	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	9	25	cultural	cultural	ADJ
foster-181	9	26	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
foster-181	9	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	10	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	10	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	10	3	contribute	contribute	VERB
foster-181	10	4	to	to	ADP
foster-181	10	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	10	6	growing	grow	VERB
foster-181	10	7	body	body	NOUN
foster-181	10	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	10	9	literature	literature	NOUN
foster-181	10	10	on	on	ADP
foster-181	10	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	10	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	10	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	10	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	10	15	within	within	ADP
foster-181	10	16	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	10	17	african	african	ADJ
foster-181	10	18	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	10	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	11	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
foster-181	11	2	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	11	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	11	4	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	11	5	francophones	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	11	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	11	7	english	english	NOUN
foster-181	11	8	as	as	ADP
foster-181	11	9	a	a	DET
foster-181	11	10	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	11	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	11	13	francophones	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	11	14	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	11	15	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	11	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	11	17	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	11	18	perspective	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	11	20	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	11	22	introduction	introduction	NOUN
foster-181	11	23	investigating	investigate	VERB
foster-181	11	24	the	the	DET
foster-181	11	25	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	11	26	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	11	27	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	11	28	of	of	ADP
foster-181	11	29	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	11	30	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	31	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	11	32	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	11	33	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	11	34	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	11	35	is	be	AUX
foster-181	11	36	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	11	37	for	for	ADP
foster-181	11	38	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	39	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	11	40	researchers	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	11	41	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	11	42	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	43	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
foster-181	11	44	since	since	SCONJ
foster-181	11	45	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	11	46	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	11	47	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	11	48	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	11	49	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	50	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	11	51	is	be	AUX
foster-181	11	52	essential	essential	ADJ
foster-181	11	53	in	in	ADP
foster-181	11	54	the	the	DET
foster-181	11	55	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	11	56	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	11	57	process	process	NOUN
foster-181	11	58	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	12	1	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	12	2	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	12	3	as	as	ADP
foster-181	12	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	12	5	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	12	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	12	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	12	8	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	12	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	12	10	has	have	AUX
foster-181	12	11	become	become	VERB
foster-181	12	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
foster-181	12	13	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	12	14	in	in	ADP
foster-181	12	15	today	today	NOUN
foster-181	12	16	's	's	PART
foster-181	12	17	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
foster-181	12	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	12	19	globalized	globalized	ADJ
foster-181	12	20	world	world	NOUN
foster-181	12	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	13	1	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	13	2	a	a	DET
foster-181	13	3	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	13	4	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	13	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	13	6	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	13	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	13	8	apart	apart	ADV
foster-181	13	9	from	from	ADP
foster-181	13	10	one	one	NUM
foster-181	13	11	‘s	‘s	NOUN
foster-181	13	12	mother	mother	NOUN
foster-181	13	13	tongue	tongue	NOUN
foster-181	13	14	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	13	15	first	first	ADJ
foster-181	13	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	13	17	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	13	18	l1	l1	PROPN
foster-181	13	19	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	13	20	has	have	AUX
foster-181	13	21	become	become	VERB
foster-181	13	22	relevant	relevant	ADJ
foster-181	13	23	in	in	ADP
foster-181	13	24	today	today	NOUN
foster-181	13	25	’s	’s	PART
foster-181	13	26	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
foster-181	13	27	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
foster-181	13	28	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	13	29	interdependent	interdependent	ADJ
foster-181	13	30	world	world	NOUN
foster-181	13	31	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	13	32	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	13	33	people	people	NOUN
foster-181	13	34	decide	decide	VERB
foster-181	13	35	to	to	PART
foster-181	13	36	learn	learn	VERB
foster-181	13	37	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	13	38	as	as	ADP
foster-181	13	39	a	a	DET
foster-181	13	40	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	13	41	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	13	42	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	PROPN
foster-181	13	43	mailto:vera.gyamera@unimac.edu.gh	mailto:vera.gyamera@unimac.edu.gh	PROPN
foster-181	13	44	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	13	45	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	13	46	the	the	DET
foster-181	13	47	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	13	48	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	13	49	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	13	50	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	13	51	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	13	52	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	13	53	3	3	NUM
foster-181	13	54	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	13	55	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	13	56	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	13	57	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	13	58	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	13	59	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	13	60	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	13	61	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	13	62	-	-	SYM
foster-181	13	63	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	13	64	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	13	65	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	13	66	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	13	67	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	13	68	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	13	69	-	-	SYM
foster-181	13	70	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	13	71	192	192	NUM
foster-181	13	72	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	13	73	because	because	SCONJ
foster-181	13	74	it	it	PRON
foster-181	13	75	complements	complement	VERB
foster-181	13	76	their	their	PRON
foster-181	13	77	mother	mother	NOUN
foster-181	13	78	tongue	tongue	NOUN
foster-181	13	79	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	13	80	first	first	ADJ
foster-181	13	81	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	13	82	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	13	83	crystal	crystal	NOUN
foster-181	13	84	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	13	85	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	13	86	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	13	87	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	14	1	it	it	PRON
foster-181	14	2	is	be	AUX
foster-181	14	3	a	a	DET
foster-181	14	4	vital	vital	ADJ
foster-181	14	5	skill	skill	NOUN
foster-181	14	6	for	for	ADP
foster-181	14	7	communication	communication	NOUN
foster-181	14	8	in	in	ADP
foster-181	14	9	business	business	NOUN
foster-181	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	14	11	technology	technology	NOUN
foster-181	14	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	14	13	diplomacy	diplomacy	NOUN
foster-181	14	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	14	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	14	16	daily	daily	ADJ
foster-181	14	17	life	life	NOUN
foster-181	14	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	15	1	for	for	ADP
foster-181	15	2	many	many	ADJ
foster-181	15	3	people	people	NOUN
foster-181	15	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	15	5	especially	especially	ADV
foster-181	15	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	15	7	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	15	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	15	9	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
foster-181	15	10	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	15	11	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	15	12	as	as	ADP
foster-181	15	13	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	15	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	15	15	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	15	16	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	15	17	has	have	AUX
foster-181	15	18	opened	open	VERB
foster-181	15	19	doors	door	NOUN
foster-181	15	20	to	to	PART
foster-181	15	21	socio	socio	VERB
foster-181	15	22	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	15	23	economic	economic	ADJ
foster-181	15	24	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
foster-181	15	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	15	26	integration	integration	NOUN
foster-181	15	27	into	into	ADP
foster-181	15	28	a	a	DET
foster-181	15	29	global	global	ADJ
foster-181	15	30	community	community	NOUN
foster-181	15	31	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	16	1	according	accord	VERB
foster-181	16	2	to	to	ADP
foster-181	16	3	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	16	4	mohamad	mohamad	X
foster-181	16	5	nor	nor	CCONJ
foster-181	16	6	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	16	7	rashid	rashid	PROPN
foster-181	16	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	16	9	2018	2018	NUM
foster-181	16	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	16	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	16	12	shift	shift	NOUN
foster-181	16	13	from	from	ADP
foster-181	16	14	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	16	15	one	one	NUM
foster-181	16	16	's	's	PART
foster-181	16	17	mother	mother	NOUN
foster-181	16	18	tongue	tongue	NOUN
foster-181	16	19	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	16	20	l1	l1	PROPN
foster-181	16	21	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	16	22	to	to	ADP
foster-181	16	23	acquiring	acquire	VERB
foster-181	16	24	a	a	DET
foster-181	16	25	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	16	26	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	16	27	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	16	28	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	16	29	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	16	30	is	be	AUX
foster-181	16	31	influenced	influence	VERB
foster-181	16	32	by	by	ADP
foster-181	16	33	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	16	34	sociopsychological	sociopsychological	ADJ
foster-181	16	35	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	16	36	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	16	37	including	include	VERB
foster-181	16	38	the	the	DET
foster-181	16	39	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	16	40	’s	’s	PART
foster-181	16	41	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	16	42	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	16	43	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	16	44	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	16	45	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	17	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	17	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	17	3	play	play	VERB
foster-181	17	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	17	5	crucial	crucial	ADJ
foster-181	17	6	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	17	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	17	8	determining	determine	VERB
foster-181	17	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	17	10	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	17	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	17	12	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	17	13	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	17	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	17	15	making	make	VERB
foster-181	17	16	it	it	PRON
foster-181	17	17	a	a	DET
foster-181	17	18	central	central	ADJ
foster-181	17	19	theme	theme	NOUN
foster-181	17	20	for	for	ADP
foster-181	17	21	both	both	DET
foster-181	17	22	educators	educator	NOUN
foster-181	17	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	17	24	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
foster-181	17	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	18	1	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	18	2	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	18	3	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	18	4	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	18	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	18	6	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	18	7	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	18	8	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	18	9	evolve	evolve	NOUN
foster-181	18	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	18	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	18	12	in	in	ADP
foster-181	18	13	nonnative	nonnative	ADJ
foster-181	18	14	contexts	contexts	NOUN
foster-181	18	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	18	16	is	be	AUX
foster-181	18	17	essential	essential	ADJ
foster-181	18	18	for	for	ADP
foster-181	18	19	designing	design	VERB
foster-181	18	20	effective	effective	ADJ
foster-181	18	21	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	18	22	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	18	23	strategies	strategy	NOUN
foster-181	18	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	19	1	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	19	2	previous	previous	ADJ
foster-181	19	3	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	19	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	19	5	baker	baker	PROPN
foster-181	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	7	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	19	8	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	19	9	do	do	AUX
foster-181	19	10	rnyei	rnyei	NOUN
foster-181	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	12	1990	1990	NUM
foster-181	19	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	14	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	19	15	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	19	16	gardner	gardner	NOUN
foster-181	19	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	18	1985	1985	NUM
foster-181	19	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	20	2000	2000	NUM
foster-181	19	21	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	19	22	saville	saville	PROPN
foster-181	19	23	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	19	24	troike	troike	PROPN
foster-181	19	25	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	26	2006	2006	NUM
foster-181	19	27	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	19	28	have	have	AUX
foster-181	19	29	extensively	extensively	ADV
foster-181	19	30	examined	examine	VERB
foster-181	19	31	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	19	32	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	19	33	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	19	34	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	19	35	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	19	36	their	their	PRON
foster-181	19	37	focus	focus	NOUN
foster-181	19	38	has	have	AUX
foster-181	19	39	been	be	AUX
foster-181	19	40	primarily	primarily	ADV
foster-181	19	41	on	on	ADP
foster-181	19	42	western	western	ADJ
foster-181	19	43	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	19	44	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	19	45	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	19	46	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	19	47	populations	population	NOUN
foster-181	19	48	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	20	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	20	2	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	20	3	have	have	AUX
foster-181	20	4	provided	provide	VERB
foster-181	20	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
foster-181	20	6	insights	insight	NOUN
foster-181	20	7	into	into	ADP
foster-181	20	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	20	9	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	20	10	that	that	PRON
foster-181	20	11	influence	influence	VERB
foster-181	20	12	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	20	13	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	20	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	20	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	20	16	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	20	17	as	as	ADP
foster-181	20	18	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	20	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	20	20	identity	identity	NOUN
foster-181	20	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	20	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	20	23	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	20	24	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	20	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	21	1	however	however	ADV
foster-181	21	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	21	3	limited	limited	ADJ
foster-181	21	4	attention	attention	NOUN
foster-181	21	5	has	have	AUX
foster-181	21	6	been	be	AUX
foster-181	21	7	given	give	VERB
foster-181	21	8	to	to	ADP
foster-181	21	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	21	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	21	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	21	12	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	21	13	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	21	14	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	21	15	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	21	16	in	in	ADP
foster-181	21	17	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	21	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	21	19	a	a	DET
foster-181	21	20	unique	unique	ADJ
foster-181	21	21	setting	setting	NOUN
foster-181	21	22	where	where	SCONJ
foster-181	21	23	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	21	24	functions	function	NOUN
foster-181	21	25	as	as	ADV
foster-181	21	26	both	both	CCONJ
foster-181	21	27	the	the	DET
foster-181	21	28	official	official	ADJ
foster-181	21	29	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	21	30	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	21	31	a	a	DET
foster-181	21	32	global	global	ADJ
foster-181	21	33	lingua	lingua	X
foster-181	21	34	franca	franca	NOUN
foster-181	21	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	22	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	22	2	such	such	DET
foster-181	22	3	a	a	DET
foster-181	22	4	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	22	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	22	6	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	22	7	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	22	8	becomes	become	VERB
foster-181	22	9	a	a	DET
foster-181	22	10	tool	tool	NOUN
foster-181	22	11	for	for	ADP
foster-181	22	12	economic	economic	ADJ
foster-181	22	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	22	14	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	22	15	advancement	advancement	NOUN
foster-181	22	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	22	17	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	22	18	for	for	ADP
foster-181	22	19	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	22	20	from	from	ADP
foster-181	22	21	french	french	NOUN
foster-181	22	22	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	22	23	speaking	speak	VERB
foster-181	22	24	african	african	ADJ
foster-181	22	25	countries	country	NOUN
foster-181	22	26	who	who	PRON
foster-181	22	27	seek	seek	VERB
foster-181	22	28	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
foster-181	22	29	in	in	ADP
foster-181	22	30	an	an	DET
foster-181	22	31	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	22	32	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	22	33	dominant	dominant	NOUN
foster-181	22	34	society	society	NOUN
foster-181	22	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	23	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
foster-181	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	23	3	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	23	4	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	23	5	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	23	6	as	as	ADP
foster-181	23	7	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	23	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	23	9	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	23	10	have	have	AUX
foster-181	23	11	been	be	AUX
foster-181	23	12	underexplored	underexplore	VERB
foster-181	23	13	in	in	ADP
foster-181	23	14	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	23	15	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	23	16	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	23	17	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	23	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	23	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	23	20	within	within	ADP
foster-181	23	21	a	a	DET
foster-181	23	22	socio	socio	NOUN
foster-181	23	23	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	23	24	psycholinguistic	psycholinguistic	ADJ
foster-181	23	25	framework	framework	NOUN
foster-181	23	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	24	1	this	this	DET
foster-181	24	2	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	24	3	aims	aim	VERB
foster-181	24	4	to	to	PART
foster-181	24	5	bridge	bridge	VERB
foster-181	24	6	these	these	DET
foster-181	24	7	gaps	gap	NOUN
foster-181	24	8	by	by	ADP
foster-181	24	9	investigating	investigate	VERB
foster-181	24	10	the	the	DET
foster-181	24	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	24	12	of	of	ADP
foster-181	24	13	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	24	14	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	24	15	at	at	ADP
foster-181	24	16	the	the	DET
foster-181	24	17	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	24	18	institute	institute	PROPN
foster-181	24	19	of	of	ADP
foster-181	24	20	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	24	21	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	24	22	gil	gil	PROPN
foster-181	24	23	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	24	24	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	24	25	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	24	26	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	24	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	25	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	25	2	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	25	3	also	also	ADV
foster-181	25	4	seeks	seek	VERB
foster-181	25	5	to	to	PART
foster-181	25	6	explore	explore	VERB
foster-181	25	7	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	25	8	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	25	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	25	10	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	25	11	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	25	12	these	these	DET
foster-181	25	13	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	25	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	25	15	thereby	thereby	ADV
foster-181	25	16	contributing	contribute	VERB
foster-181	25	17	to	to	ADP
foster-181	25	18	a	a	DET
foster-181	25	19	deeper	deep	ADJ
foster-181	25	20	understanding	understanding	NOUN
foster-181	25	21	of	of	ADP
foster-181	25	22	the	the	DET
foster-181	25	23	socio	socio	NOUN
foster-181	25	24	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	25	25	psychological	psychological	ADJ
foster-181	25	26	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
foster-181	25	27	of	of	ADP
foster-181	25	28	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	25	29	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	25	30	in	in	ADP
foster-181	25	31	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	25	32	african	african	ADJ
foster-181	25	33	settings	setting	NOUN
foster-181	25	34	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	26	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	26	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	26	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	26	4	this	this	DET
foster-181	26	5	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	26	6	will	will	AUX
foster-181	26	7	offer	offer	VERB
foster-181	26	8	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	26	9	insights	insight	NOUN
foster-181	26	10	for	for	ADP
foster-181	26	11	educators	educator	NOUN
foster-181	26	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	26	13	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
foster-181	26	14	involved	involve	VERB
foster-181	26	15	in	in	ADP
foster-181	26	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	26	17	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	26	18	in	in	ADP
foster-181	26	19	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	26	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	26	21	highlighting	highlight	VERB
foster-181	26	22	the	the	DET
foster-181	26	23	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	26	24	that	that	PRON
foster-181	26	25	affect	affect	VERB
foster-181	26	26	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	26	27	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	26	28	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	26	29	in	in	ADP
foster-181	26	30	the	the	DET
foster-181	26	31	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	26	32	of	of	ADP
foster-181	26	33	socio	socio	NOUN
foster-181	26	34	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	26	35	economic	economic	ADJ
foster-181	26	36	integration	integration	NOUN
foster-181	26	37	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	27	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	27	2	novelty	novelty	NOUN
foster-181	27	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	27	4	this	this	DET
foster-181	27	5	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	27	6	lies	lie	VERB
foster-181	27	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	27	8	its	its	PRON
foster-181	27	9	focus	focus	NOUN
foster-181	27	10	on	on	ADP
foster-181	27	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	27	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	27	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	27	14	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	27	15	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	27	16	in	in	ADP
foster-181	27	17	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	27	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	27	19	a	a	DET
foster-181	27	20	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	27	21	that	that	PRON
foster-181	27	22	has	have	AUX
foster-181	27	23	not	not	PART
foster-181	27	24	been	be	AUX
foster-181	27	25	extensively	extensively	ADV
foster-181	27	26	explored	explore	VERB
foster-181	27	27	in	in	ADP
foster-181	27	28	previous	previous	ADJ
foster-181	27	29	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	27	30	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	28	1	by	by	ADP
foster-181	28	2	addressing	address	VERB
foster-181	28	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	28	4	socio	socio	NOUN
foster-181	28	5	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	28	6	psychological	psychological	ADJ
foster-181	28	7	aspects	aspect	NOUN
foster-181	28	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	28	9	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	28	10	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	28	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	28	12	this	this	DET
foster-181	28	13	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	28	14	offers	offer	VERB
foster-181	28	15	new	new	ADJ
foster-181	28	16	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	28	17	on	on	ADP
foster-181	28	18	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	28	19	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	28	20	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	28	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	28	22	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	28	23	as	as	ADP
foster-181	28	24	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	28	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	28	26	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	28	27	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	28	28	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	28	29	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	28	30	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	28	31	in	in	ADP
foster-181	28	32	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	28	33	african	african	ADJ
foster-181	28	34	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	28	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	29	1	literature	literature	NOUN
foster-181	29	2	review	review	PROPN
foster-181	29	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	29	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	29	5	play	play	VERB
foster-181	29	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	29	7	crucial	crucial	ADJ
foster-181	29	8	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	29	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	29	10	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	29	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	29	12	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	29	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	29	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	29	15	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	29	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	29	17	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	29	18	highlighted	highlight	VERB
foster-181	29	19	by	by	ADP
foster-181	29	20	numerous	numerous	ADJ
foster-181	29	21	scholars	scholar	NOUN
foster-181	29	22	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	29	23	as	as	ADP
foster-181	29	24	edwards	edwards	PROPN
foster-181	29	25	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	29	26	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	29	27	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	29	28	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	29	29	heugh	heugh	NOUN
foster-181	29	30	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	29	31	2000	2000	NUM
foster-181	29	32	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	29	33	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	29	34	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	29	35	sarfo	sarfo	ADJ
foster-181	29	36	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	29	37	2012	2012	NUM
foster-181	29	38	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	29	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	30	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	30	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
foster-181	30	3	between	between	ADP
foster-181	30	4	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	30	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	30	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	30	7	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	30	8	is	be	AUX
foster-181	30	9	deeply	deeply	ADV
foster-181	30	10	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
foster-181	30	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	31	1	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	31	2	is	be	AUX
foster-181	31	3	often	often	ADV
foster-181	31	4	seen	see	VERB
foster-181	31	5	as	as	ADP
foster-181	31	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	31	7	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	31	8	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	31	9	on	on	ADP
foster-181	31	10	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	31	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	31	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	31	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	31	14	in	in	ADP
foster-181	31	15	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	31	16	where	where	SCONJ
foster-181	31	17	formal	formal	ADJ
foster-181	31	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	31	19	policies	policy	NOUN
foster-181	31	20	are	be	AUX
foster-181	31	21	absent	absent	ADJ
foster-181	31	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	32	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	32	2	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	32	3	cases	case	NOUN
foster-181	32	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	32	5	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	32	6	serves	serve	VERB
foster-181	32	7	as	as	ADP
foster-181	32	8	an	an	DET
foster-181	32	9	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	32	10	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	32	11	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	32	12	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	32	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	32	14	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	32	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	32	16	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	32	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	32	18	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	32	19	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	32	20	3	3	NUM
foster-181	32	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	32	22	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	32	23	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	32	24	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	32	25	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	32	26	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	32	27	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	32	28	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	32	29	-	-	SYM
foster-181	32	30	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	32	31	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	32	32	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	32	33	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	32	34	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	32	35	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	32	36	-	-	SYM
foster-181	32	37	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	32	38	193	193	NUM
foster-181	32	39	informal	informal	ADJ
foster-181	32	40	national	national	ADJ
foster-181	32	41	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	32	42	policy	policy	NOUN
foster-181	32	43	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	32	44	driving	drive	VERB
foster-181	32	45	both	both	DET
foster-181	32	46	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	32	47	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
foster-181	32	48	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	32	49	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	32	50	shift	shift	NOUN
foster-181	32	51	processes	process	NOUN
foster-181	32	52	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	32	53	baker	baker	NOUN
foster-181	32	54	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	32	55	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	32	56	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	32	57	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	33	1	several	several	ADJ
foster-181	33	2	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	33	3	have	have	AUX
foster-181	33	4	explored	explore	VERB
foster-181	33	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	33	6	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
foster-181	33	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	33	8	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	33	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	33	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	33	11	their	their	PRON
foster-181	33	12	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	33	13	on	on	ADP
foster-181	33	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	33	15	in	in	ADP
foster-181	33	16	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	33	17	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	33	18	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	33	19	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	33	20	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	33	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	34	1	fandoh	fandoh	NOUN
foster-181	34	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	34	3	2013	2013	NUM
foster-181	34	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	34	5	examined	examine	VERB
foster-181	34	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	34	7	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	34	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	34	9	post	post	ADJ
foster-181	34	10	-	-	ADJ
foster-181	34	11	secondary	secondary	ADJ
foster-181	34	12	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	34	13	in	in	ADP
foster-181	34	14	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	34	15	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	34	16	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	34	17	french	french	PROPN
foster-181	34	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	35	1	using	use	VERB
foster-181	35	2	a	a	DET
foster-181	35	3	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	35	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	35	5	he	he	PRON
foster-181	35	6	found	find	VERB
foster-181	35	7	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	35	8	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	35	9	displayed	display	VERB
foster-181	35	10	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	35	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	35	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	35	13	were	be	AUX
foster-181	35	14	highly	highly	ADV
foster-181	35	15	motivated	motivated	ADJ
foster-181	35	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	35	17	both	both	CCONJ
foster-181	35	18	integratively	integratively	ADV
foster-181	35	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	35	20	instrumentally	instrumentally	ADV
foster-181	35	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	36	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
foster-181	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	36	3	male	male	ADJ
foster-181	36	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	36	5	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	36	6	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	36	7	were	be	AUX
foster-181	36	8	more	more	ADV
foster-181	36	9	inclined	inclined	ADJ
foster-181	36	10	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	36	11	instrumental	instrumental	ADJ
foster-181	36	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	36	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	36	14	showing	show	VERB
foster-181	36	15	a	a	DET
foster-181	36	16	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	36	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	36	18	goal	goal	NOUN
foster-181	36	19	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	36	20	oriented	orient	VERB
foster-181	36	21	perspective	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	36	22	on	on	ADP
foster-181	36	23	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	36	24	french	french	PROPN
foster-181	36	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	37	1	similar	similar	ADJ
foster-181	37	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	37	3	have	have	AUX
foster-181	37	4	been	be	AUX
foster-181	37	5	reported	report	VERB
foster-181	37	6	by	by	ADP
foster-181	37	7	csajbok	csajbok	PROPN
foster-181	37	8	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	37	9	twerefou	twerefou	PROPN
foster-181	37	10	et	et	PROPN
foster-181	37	11	al	al	PROPN
foster-181	37	12	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	37	13	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	37	14	2014	2014	NUM
foster-181	37	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	37	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	37	17	lomotey	lomotey	ADJ
foster-181	37	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	37	19	boasiako	boasiako	NOUN
foster-181	37	20	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	37	21	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	37	22	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	37	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	37	24	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	37	25	others	other	NOUN
foster-181	37	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	37	27	who	who	PRON
foster-181	37	28	observed	observe	VERB
foster-181	37	29	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	37	30	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	37	31	university	university	NOUN
foster-181	37	32	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	37	33	generally	generally	ADV
foster-181	37	34	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	37	35	extrinsic	extrinsic	ADJ
foster-181	37	36	motivations	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	37	37	for	for	ADP
foster-181	37	38	studying	study	VERB
foster-181	37	39	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	37	40	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	37	41	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	37	42	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	37	43	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	38	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	38	2	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	38	3	consistently	consistently	ADV
foster-181	38	4	hold	hold	VERB
foster-181	38	5	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	38	6	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	38	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	38	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	38	9	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	38	10	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	38	11	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	38	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	38	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	38	14	trend	trend	NOUN
foster-181	38	15	echoed	echo	VERB
foster-181	38	16	by	by	ADP
foster-181	38	17	ianos	iano	NOUN
foster-181	38	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	38	19	huguet	huguet	NOUN
foster-181	38	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	38	21	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	38	22	lapresta	lapresta	NOUN
foster-181	38	23	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	38	24	rey	rey	PROPN
foster-181	38	25	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	38	26	2017	2017	NUM
foster-181	38	27	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	38	28	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	38	29	who	who	PRON
foster-181	38	30	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
foster-181	38	31	the	the	DET
foster-181	38	32	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	38	33	of	of	ADP
foster-181	38	34	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	38	35	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	38	36	in	in	ADP
foster-181	38	37	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
foster-181	38	38	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	38	39	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	38	40	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	38	41	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	39	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
foster-181	39	2	in	in	ADP
foster-181	39	3	implementing	implement	VERB
foster-181	39	4	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	39	5	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	39	6	policies	policy	NOUN
foster-181	39	7	further	far	ADV
foster-181	39	8	underscore	underscore	VERB
foster-181	39	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	39	10	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	39	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	39	12	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	39	13	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	39	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	40	1	tom	tom	PROPN
foster-181	40	2	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	40	3	lawyer	lawyer	PROPN
foster-181	40	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	40	5	thomas	thomas	PROPN
foster-181	40	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	40	7	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	40	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	40	9	compared	compare	VERB
foster-181	40	10	the	the	DET
foster-181	40	11	use	use	NOUN
foster-181	40	12	of	of	ADP
foster-181	40	13	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	40	14	as	as	ADP
foster-181	40	15	a	a	DET
foster-181	40	16	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	40	17	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	40	18	in	in	ADP
foster-181	40	19	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	40	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	40	21	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
foster-181	40	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	41	1	they	they	PRON
foster-181	41	2	highlighted	highlight	VERB
foster-181	41	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	41	4	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
foster-181	41	5	both	both	DET
foster-181	41	6	countries	country	NOUN
foster-181	41	7	face	face	VERB
foster-181	41	8	in	in	ADP
foster-181	41	9	maintaining	maintain	VERB
foster-181	41	10	high	high	ADJ
foster-181	41	11	standards	standard	NOUN
foster-181	41	12	of	of	ADP
foster-181	41	13	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	41	14	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
foster-181	41	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	41	16	addressing	address	VERB
foster-181	41	17	shortages	shortage	NOUN
foster-181	41	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	41	19	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	41	20	specialists	specialist	NOUN
foster-181	41	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	42	1	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	42	2	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	42	3	showed	show	VERB
foster-181	42	4	relatively	relatively	ADV
foster-181	42	5	higher	high	ADJ
foster-181	42	6	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
foster-181	42	7	levels	level	NOUN
foster-181	42	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	42	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	42	10	need	need	NOUN
foster-181	42	11	for	for	ADP
foster-181	42	12	improved	improved	ADJ
foster-181	42	13	policy	policy	NOUN
foster-181	42	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
foster-181	42	15	remains	remain	VERB
foster-181	42	16	a	a	DET
foster-181	42	17	pressing	press	VERB
foster-181	42	18	issue	issue	NOUN
foster-181	42	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	43	1	other	other	ADJ
foster-181	43	2	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	43	3	have	have	AUX
foster-181	43	4	delved	delve	VERB
foster-181	43	5	into	into	ADP
foster-181	43	6	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	43	7	that	that	PRON
foster-181	43	8	shape	shape	VERB
foster-181	43	9	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	43	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	43	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	44	1	hedge	hedge	NOUN
foster-181	44	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	44	3	2000	2000	NUM
foster-181	44	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	44	5	explored	explore	VERB
foster-181	44	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	44	7	motivations	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	44	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	44	9	japanese	japanese	ADJ
foster-181	44	10	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	44	11	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	44	12	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	44	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	44	14	revealing	reveal	VERB
foster-181	44	15	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	44	16	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	44	17	were	be	AUX
foster-181	44	18	primarily	primarily	ADV
foster-181	44	19	driven	drive	VERB
foster-181	44	20	by	by	ADP
foster-181	44	21	the	the	DET
foster-181	44	22	desire	desire	NOUN
foster-181	44	23	to	to	PART
foster-181	44	24	communicate	communicate	VERB
foster-181	44	25	internationally	internationally	ADV
foster-181	44	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	44	27	secure	secure	ADJ
foster-181	44	28	high	high	ADJ
foster-181	44	29	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	44	30	profile	profile	NOUN
foster-181	44	31	careers	career	NOUN
foster-181	44	32	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	44	33	access	access	NOUN
foster-181	44	34	global	global	ADJ
foster-181	44	35	information	information	NOUN
foster-181	44	36	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	44	37	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	44	38	understand	understand	VERB
foster-181	44	39	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	44	40	cultures	culture	NOUN
foster-181	44	41	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	45	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
foster-181	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	45	3	larasati	larasati	PROPN
foster-181	45	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	45	5	simatupang	simatupang	PROPN
foster-181	45	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	45	7	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	45	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	45	9	studied	study	VERB
foster-181	45	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	45	11	among	among	ADP
foster-181	45	12	papuan	papuan	NOUN
foster-181	45	13	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	45	14	in	in	ADP
foster-181	45	15	jakarta	jakarta	PROPN
foster-181	45	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	46	1	although	although	SCONJ
foster-181	46	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	46	3	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	46	4	generally	generally	ADV
foster-181	46	5	had	have	VERB
foster-181	46	6	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	46	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	46	8	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	46	9	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	46	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	46	11	some	some	DET
foster-181	46	12	experienced	experienced	ADJ
foster-181	46	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
foster-181	46	14	that	that	PRON
foster-181	46	15	led	lead	VERB
foster-181	46	16	to	to	ADP
foster-181	46	17	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	46	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
foster-181	46	19	responses	response	NOUN
foster-181	46	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	47	1	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	47	2	status	status	NOUN
foster-181	47	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	47	4	access	access	NOUN
foster-181	47	5	to	to	ADP
foster-181	47	6	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	47	7	were	be	AUX
foster-181	47	8	identified	identify	VERB
foster-181	47	9	as	as	ADP
foster-181	47	10	key	key	ADJ
foster-181	47	11	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	47	12	influencing	influence	VERB
foster-181	47	13	these	these	DET
foster-181	47	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	47	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	48	1	addisu	addisu	PROPN
foster-181	48	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	48	3	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	48	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	48	5	examined	examine	VERB
foster-181	48	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	48	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	48	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	48	9	ethiopian	ethiopian	ADJ
foster-181	48	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
foster-181	48	11	school	school	NOUN
foster-181	48	12	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	48	13	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	48	14	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	48	15	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	48	16	as	as	ADP
foster-181	48	17	a	a	DET
foster-181	48	18	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	48	19	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	48	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	49	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	49	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	49	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	49	4	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	49	5	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	49	6	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	49	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	49	8	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	49	9	as	as	ADP
foster-181	49	10	interactions	interaction	NOUN
foster-181	49	11	with	with	ADP
foster-181	49	12	native	native	ADJ
foster-181	49	13	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	49	14	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	49	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	49	16	peer	peer	NOUN
foster-181	49	17	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	49	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	49	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	49	20	parental	parental	ADJ
foster-181	49	21	encouragement	encouragement	NOUN
foster-181	49	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	49	23	positively	positively	ADV
foster-181	49	24	impacted	impact	VERB
foster-181	49	25	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	49	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	50	1	however	however	ADV
foster-181	50	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	50	3	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	50	4	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	50	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	50	6	including	include	VERB
foster-181	50	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
foster-181	50	8	quality	quality	NOUN
foster-181	50	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	50	10	classroom	classroom	NOUN
foster-181	50	11	environments	environment	NOUN
foster-181	50	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	50	13	negatively	negatively	ADV
foster-181	50	14	affected	affect	VERB
foster-181	50	15	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	50	16	’	’	PART
foster-181	50	17	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	50	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	50	19	overall	overall	ADJ
foster-181	50	20	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	50	21	experience	experience	NOUN
foster-181	50	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	51	1	measuring	measure	VERB
foster-181	51	2	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	51	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	51	4	has	have	AUX
foster-181	51	5	also	also	ADV
foster-181	51	6	been	be	AUX
foster-181	51	7	a	a	DET
foster-181	51	8	focal	focal	ADJ
foster-181	51	9	point	point	NOUN
foster-181	51	10	in	in	ADP
foster-181	51	11	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	51	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	52	1	baker	baker	PROPN
foster-181	52	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	52	3	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	52	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	52	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
foster-181	52	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	52	7	large	large	ADJ
foster-181	52	8	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	52	9	scale	scale	NOUN
foster-181	52	10	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	52	11	on	on	ADP
foster-181	52	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	52	13	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	52	14	welsh	welsh	NOUN
foster-181	52	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	52	16	involving	involve	VERB
foster-181	52	17	nearly	nearly	ADV
foster-181	52	18	800	800	NUM
foster-181	52	19	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	52	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	53	1	his	his	PRON
foster-181	53	2	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	53	3	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	53	4	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	53	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	53	6	background	background	NOUN
foster-181	53	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	53	8	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	53	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
foster-181	53	10	influenced	influence	VERB
foster-181	53	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	53	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	54	1	for	for	ADP
foster-181	54	2	instance	instance	NOUN
foster-181	54	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	54	4	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	54	5	with	with	ADP
foster-181	54	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	54	7	strong	strong	ADJ
foster-181	54	8	welsh	welsh	NOUN
foster-181	54	9	background	background	NOUN
foster-181	54	10	expressed	express	VERB
foster-181	54	11	more	more	ADV
foster-181	54	12	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	54	13	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	54	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	54	15	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	54	16	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	54	17	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	54	18	showed	show	VERB
foster-181	54	19	less	less	ADV
foster-181	54	20	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	54	21	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	54	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	55	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
foster-181	55	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	55	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	55	4	tended	tend	VERB
foster-181	55	5	to	to	PART
foster-181	55	6	become	become	VERB
foster-181	55	7	less	less	ADV
foster-181	55	8	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	55	9	with	with	ADP
foster-181	55	10	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	55	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	56	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
foster-181	56	2	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	56	3	provide	provide	VERB
foster-181	56	4	further	further	ADJ
foster-181	56	5	insights	insight	NOUN
foster-181	56	6	into	into	ADP
foster-181	56	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	56	8	evolving	evolve	VERB
foster-181	56	9	nature	nature	NOUN
foster-181	56	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	56	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	56	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	56	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	57	1	ianos	iano	NOUN
foster-181	57	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	57	3	huguet	huguet	NOUN
foster-181	57	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	57	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	57	6	jane	jane	NOUN
foster-181	57	7	s	s	PROPN
foster-181	57	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	57	9	2017	2017	NUM
foster-181	57	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	57	11	investigated	investigate	VERB
foster-181	57	12	international	international	ADJ
foster-181	57	13	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	57	14	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	57	15	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	58	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	58	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	58	3	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	58	4	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	58	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	58	6	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	58	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	58	8	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	58	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	58	10	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	58	11	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	58	12	3	3	NUM
foster-181	58	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	58	14	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	58	15	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	58	16	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	58	17	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	58	18	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	58	19	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	58	20	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	58	21	-	-	SYM
foster-181	58	22	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	58	23	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	58	24	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	58	25	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	58	26	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	58	27	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	58	28	-	-	SYM
foster-181	58	29	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	58	30	194	194	NUM
foster-181	58	31	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	58	32	catalan	catalan	NOUN
foster-181	58	33	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	58	34	spanish	spanish	ADJ
foster-181	58	35	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	58	36	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	58	37	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	58	38	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	59	1	over	over	ADP
foster-181	59	2	two	two	NUM
foster-181	59	3	years	year	NOUN
foster-181	59	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	59	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	59	6	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	59	7	catalan	catalan	NOUN
foster-181	59	8	became	become	VERB
foster-181	59	9	more	more	ADV
foster-181	59	10	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	59	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	59	12	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	59	13	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	59	14	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	59	15	spanish	spanish	ADJ
foster-181	59	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	59	17	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	59	18	remained	remain	VERB
foster-181	59	19	stable	stable	ADJ
foster-181	59	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	60	1	sociodemographic	sociodemographic	ADJ
foster-181	60	2	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	60	3	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	60	4	as	as	ADP
foster-181	60	5	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	60	7	place	place	NOUN
foster-181	60	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	60	9	birth	birth	NOUN
foster-181	60	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	60	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	60	12	socio	socio	NOUN
foster-181	60	13	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	60	14	professional	professional	ADJ
foster-181	60	15	status	status	NOUN
foster-181	60	16	were	be	AUX
foster-181	60	17	found	find	VERB
foster-181	60	18	to	to	PART
foster-181	60	19	influence	influence	VERB
foster-181	60	20	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	60	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	61	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	61	2	a	a	DET
foster-181	61	3	related	related	ADJ
foster-181	61	4	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	61	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	61	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	61	7	authors	author	NOUN
foster-181	61	8	explored	explore	VERB
foster-181	61	9	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	61	10	origin	origin	NOUN
foster-181	61	11	affects	affect	VERB
foster-181	61	12	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	61	13	formation	formation	NOUN
foster-181	61	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	61	15	finding	find	VERB
foster-181	61	16	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	61	17	sociodemographic	sociodemographic	ADJ
foster-181	61	18	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	61	19	had	have	VERB
foster-181	61	20	a	a	DET
foster-181	61	21	stronger	strong	ADJ
foster-181	61	22	impact	impact	NOUN
foster-181	61	23	on	on	ADP
foster-181	61	24	native	native	ADJ
foster-181	61	25	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	61	26	compared	compare	VERB
foster-181	61	27	to	to	ADP
foster-181	61	28	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
foster-181	61	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	62	1	gardner	gardner	PROPN
foster-181	62	2	et	et	PROPN
foster-181	62	3	al	al	PROPN
foster-181	62	4	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	62	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	62	6	2004	2004	NUM
foster-181	62	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	62	8	conducted	conduct	VERB
foster-181	62	9	a	a	DET
foster-181	62	10	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	62	11	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	62	12	long	long	ADJ
foster-181	62	13	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	62	14	on	on	ADP
foster-181	62	15	undergraduate	undergraduate	ADJ
foster-181	62	16	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	62	17	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	62	18	french	french	PROPN
foster-181	62	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	63	1	their	their	PRON
foster-181	63	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	63	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	63	4	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	63	5	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	63	6	’	’	PART
foster-181	63	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	63	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	63	9	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	63	10	varied	varied	ADJ
foster-181	63	11	based	base	VERB
foster-181	63	12	on	on	ADP
foster-181	63	13	academic	academic	ADJ
foster-181	63	14	performance	performance	NOUN
foster-181	63	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	64	1	those	those	PRON
foster-181	64	2	who	who	PRON
foster-181	64	3	achieved	achieve	VERB
foster-181	64	4	high	high	ADJ
foster-181	64	5	grades	grade	NOUN
foster-181	64	6	maintained	maintain	VERB
foster-181	64	7	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	64	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	64	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	64	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	64	11	throughout	throughout	ADP
foster-181	64	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	64	13	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	64	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	65	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	65	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
foster-181	65	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	65	4	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	65	5	with	with	ADP
foster-181	65	6	lower	low	ADJ
foster-181	65	7	grades	grade	NOUN
foster-181	65	8	started	start	VERB
foster-181	65	9	with	with	ADP
foster-181	65	10	less	less	ADV
foster-181	65	11	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	65	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	65	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	65	14	which	which	PRON
foster-181	65	15	declined	decline	VERB
foster-181	65	16	further	far	ADV
foster-181	65	17	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	65	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	65	19	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	65	20	progressed	progress	VERB
foster-181	65	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	66	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	66	2	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	66	3	highlighted	highlight	VERB
foster-181	66	4	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	66	5	changes	change	NOUN
foster-181	66	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	66	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	66	8	are	be	AUX
foster-181	66	9	more	more	ADV
foster-181	66	10	likely	likely	ADJ
foster-181	66	11	to	to	PART
foster-181	66	12	occur	occur	VERB
foster-181	66	13	in	in	ADP
foster-181	66	14	variables	variable	NOUN
foster-181	66	15	directly	directly	ADV
foster-181	66	16	tied	tie	VERB
foster-181	66	17	to	to	ADP
foster-181	66	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	66	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
foster-181	66	20	environment	environment	NOUN
foster-181	66	21	than	than	ADP
foster-181	66	22	in	in	ADP
foster-181	66	23	broader	broad	ADJ
foster-181	66	24	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	66	25	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	66	26	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	66	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	67	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	67	2	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	67	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	67	4	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	67	5	in	in	ADP
foster-181	67	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	67	7	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	67	8	has	have	AUX
foster-181	67	9	also	also	ADV
foster-181	67	10	been	be	AUX
foster-181	67	11	a	a	DET
foster-181	67	12	subject	subject	NOUN
foster-181	67	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	67	14	considerable	considerable	ADJ
foster-181	67	15	debate	debate	NOUN
foster-181	67	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	68	1	towell	towell	PROPN
foster-181	68	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	68	3	hawkins	hawkins	PROPN
foster-181	68	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	68	5	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	68	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	68	7	argued	argue	VERB
foster-181	68	8	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	68	9	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	68	10	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	68	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	68	12	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	68	13	can	can	AUX
foster-181	68	14	occur	occur	VERB
foster-181	68	15	at	at	ADP
foster-181	68	16	any	any	DET
foster-181	68	17	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	68	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	68	19	younger	young	ADJ
foster-181	68	20	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	68	21	—	—	PUNCT
foster-181	68	22	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	68	23	those	those	PRON
foster-181	68	24	under	under	ADP
foster-181	68	25	seven	seven	NUM
foster-181	68	26	—	—	PUNCT
foster-181	68	27	are	be	AUX
foster-181	68	28	more	more	ADV
foster-181	68	29	likely	likely	ADJ
foster-181	68	30	to	to	PART
foster-181	68	31	achieve	achieve	VERB
foster-181	68	32	full	full	ADJ
foster-181	68	33	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
foster-181	68	34	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
foster-181	68	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	69	1	halgunseth	halgunseth	PROPN
foster-181	69	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	69	3	2009	2009	NUM
foster-181	69	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	69	5	noted	note	VERB
foster-181	69	6	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	69	7	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	69	8	is	be	AUX
foster-181	69	9	critical	critical	ADJ
foster-181	69	10	for	for	ADP
foster-181	69	11	simultaneous	simultaneous	ADJ
foster-181	69	12	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	69	13	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	69	14	but	but	CCONJ
foster-181	69	15	less	less	ADV
foster-181	69	16	so	so	ADV
foster-181	69	17	for	for	ADP
foster-181	69	18	sequential	sequential	ADJ
foster-181	69	19	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	69	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	69	21	where	where	SCONJ
foster-181	69	22	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	69	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	69	24	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	69	25	capacity	capacity	NOUN
foster-181	69	26	are	be	AUX
foster-181	69	27	more	more	ADV
foster-181	69	28	influential	influential	ADJ
foster-181	69	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	70	1	larson	larson	PROPN
foster-181	70	2	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	70	3	hall	hall	PROPN
foster-181	70	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	70	5	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	70	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	70	7	further	far	ADV
foster-181	70	8	observed	observe	VERB
foster-181	70	9	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	70	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	70	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	70	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	70	13	tend	tend	VERB
foster-181	70	14	to	to	PART
foster-181	70	15	decline	decline	VERB
foster-181	70	16	with	with	ADP
foster-181	70	17	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	70	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	70	19	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
foster-181	70	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	70	21	need	need	NOUN
foster-181	70	22	to	to	PART
foster-181	70	23	address	address	VERB
foster-181	70	24	these	these	DET
foster-181	70	25	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	70	26	in	in	ADP
foster-181	70	27	adult	adult	NOUN
foster-181	70	28	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	70	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	71	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	71	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
foster-181	71	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	71	4	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	71	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	71	6	are	be	AUX
foster-181	71	7	complex	complex	ADJ
foster-181	71	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	71	9	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
foster-181	71	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	71	11	shaped	shape	VERB
foster-181	71	12	by	by	ADP
foster-181	71	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	71	14	combination	combination	NOUN
foster-181	71	15	of	of	ADP
foster-181	71	16	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	71	18	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	71	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	71	21	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	71	22	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	71	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	72	1	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	72	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	72	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	72	4	strong	strong	ADJ
foster-181	72	5	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	72	6	are	be	AUX
foster-181	72	7	essential	essential	ADJ
foster-181	72	8	for	for	ADP
foster-181	72	9	successful	successful	ADJ
foster-181	72	10	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	72	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	72	12	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	72	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	73	1	however	however	ADV
foster-181	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	73	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
foster-181	73	4	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	73	5	as	as	ADP
foster-181	73	6	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
foster-181	73	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	73	8	policies	policy	NOUN
foster-181	73	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	73	10	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	73	11	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	73	12	related	relate	VERB
foster-181	73	13	declines	decline	NOUN
foster-181	73	14	in	in	ADP
foster-181	73	15	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	73	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	73	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	73	18	contextual	contextual	ADJ
foster-181	73	19	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	73	20	issues	issue	NOUN
foster-181	73	21	must	must	AUX
foster-181	73	22	be	be	AUX
foster-181	73	23	addressed	address	VERB
foster-181	73	24	to	to	PART
foster-181	73	25	foster	foster	VERB
foster-181	73	26	effective	effective	ADJ
foster-181	73	27	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	73	28	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	73	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	74	1	by	by	ADP
foster-181	74	2	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	74	3	these	these	DET
foster-181	74	4	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
foster-181	74	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	74	6	educators	educator	NOUN
foster-181	74	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	74	8	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
foster-181	74	9	can	can	AUX
foster-181	74	10	create	create	VERB
foster-181	74	11	supportive	supportive	ADJ
foster-181	74	12	environments	environment	NOUN
foster-181	74	13	that	that	PRON
foster-181	74	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
foster-181	74	15	both	both	DET
foster-181	74	16	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	74	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	74	18	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	74	19	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	74	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	75	1	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	75	2	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	75	3	plays	play	VERB
foster-181	75	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	75	5	crucial	crucial	ADJ
foster-181	75	6	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	75	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	75	8	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	75	9	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	75	10	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	75	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	75	12	influencing	influence	VERB
foster-181	75	13	both	both	CCONJ
foster-181	75	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	75	15	process	process	NOUN
foster-181	75	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	75	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	75	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	75	19	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	75	20	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	75	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	76	1	as	as	ADP
foster-181	76	2	a	a	DET
foster-181	76	3	concept	concept	NOUN
foster-181	76	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	76	5	it	it	PRON
foster-181	76	6	has	have	AUX
foster-181	76	7	been	be	AUX
foster-181	76	8	extensively	extensively	ADV
foster-181	76	9	studied	study	VERB
foster-181	76	10	in	in	ADP
foster-181	76	11	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	76	12	sciences	science	NOUN
foster-181	76	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	76	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	76	15	within	within	ADP
foster-181	76	16	the	the	DET
foster-181	76	17	field	field	NOUN
foster-181	76	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	76	19	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	76	20	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	76	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	76	22	which	which	PRON
foster-181	76	23	boasts	boast	VERB
foster-181	76	24	a	a	DET
foster-181	76	25	long	long	ADJ
foster-181	76	26	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	76	27	complex	complex	ADJ
foster-181	76	28	history	history	NOUN
foster-181	76	29	of	of	ADP
foster-181	76	30	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	76	31	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	76	32	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	76	33	milroy	milroy	PROPN
foster-181	76	34	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	76	35	preston	preston	PROPN
foster-181	76	36	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	76	37	1999	1999	NUM
foster-181	76	38	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	76	39	oppenheim	oppenheim	PROPN
foster-181	76	40	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	76	41	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	76	42	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	76	43	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	77	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	77	2	more	more	ADV
foster-181	77	3	recent	recent	ADJ
foster-181	77	4	years	year	NOUN
foster-181	77	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	77	6	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	77	7	have	have	AUX
foster-181	77	8	also	also	ADV
foster-181	77	9	become	become	VERB
foster-181	77	10	a	a	DET
foster-181	77	11	key	key	ADJ
foster-181	77	12	area	area	NOUN
foster-181	77	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	77	14	interest	interest	NOUN
foster-181	77	15	in	in	ADP
foster-181	77	16	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
foster-181	77	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	77	18	where	where	SCONJ
foster-181	77	19	they	they	PRON
foster-181	77	20	are	be	AUX
foster-181	77	21	recognized	recognize	VERB
foster-181	77	22	as	as	ADP
foster-181	77	23	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
foster-181	77	24	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	77	25	constructs	construct	NOUN
foster-181	77	26	comprising	comprise	VERB
foster-181	77	27	three	three	NUM
foster-181	77	28	primary	primary	ADJ
foster-181	77	29	components	component	NOUN
foster-181	77	30	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	77	31	affective	affective	NOUN
foster-181	77	32	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	77	33	cognitive	cognitive	NOUN
foster-181	77	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	77	35	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	77	36	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
foster-181	77	37	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	77	38	garrett	garrett	PROPN
foster-181	77	39	et	et	PROPN
foster-181	77	40	al	al	PROPN
foster-181	77	41	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	77	42	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	77	43	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	77	44	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	77	45	stahlberg	stahlberg	PROPN
foster-181	77	46	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	77	47	frey	frey	PROPN
foster-181	77	48	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	77	49	1996	1996	NUM
foster-181	77	50	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	77	51	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	78	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	78	2	tripartite	tripartite	ADJ
foster-181	78	3	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	78	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	78	5	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	78	6	provides	provide	VERB
foster-181	78	7	a	a	DET
foster-181	78	8	framework	framework	NOUN
foster-181	78	9	for	for	ADP
foster-181	78	10	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	78	11	these	these	DET
foster-181	78	12	components	component	NOUN
foster-181	78	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	79	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	79	2	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
foster-181	79	3	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	79	4	relates	relate	VERB
foster-181	79	5	to	to	ADP
foster-181	79	6	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	79	7	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	79	8	perceptions	perception	NOUN
foster-181	79	9	about	about	ADP
foster-181	79	10	an	an	DET
foster-181	79	11	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	79	12	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	79	13	situation	situation	NOUN
foster-181	79	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	79	15	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	79	16	as	as	ADP
foster-181	79	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	79	18	idea	idea	NOUN
foster-181	79	19	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	79	20	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	79	21	a	a	DET
foster-181	79	22	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	79	23	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	79	24	can	can	AUX
foster-181	79	25	enhance	enhance	VERB
foster-181	79	26	career	career	NOUN
foster-181	79	27	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
foster-181	79	28	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	80	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	80	2	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
foster-181	80	3	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	80	4	reflects	reflect	VERB
foster-181	80	5	emotional	emotional	ADJ
foster-181	80	6	responses	response	NOUN
foster-181	80	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	80	8	including	include	VERB
foster-181	80	9	feelings	feeling	NOUN
foster-181	80	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	80	11	like	like	VERB
foster-181	80	12	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	80	13	dislike	dislike	VERB
foster-181	80	14	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	80	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	80	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	80	17	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	80	18	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	80	19	process	process	NOUN
foster-181	80	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	81	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	81	2	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
foster-181	81	3	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	81	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	81	5	in	in	ADP
foster-181	81	6	turn	turn	NOUN
foster-181	81	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	81	8	involves	involve	VERB
foster-181	81	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	81	10	actions	action	NOUN
foster-181	81	11	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	81	12	tendencies	tendency	NOUN
foster-181	81	13	that	that	PRON
foster-181	81	14	arise	arise	VERB
foster-181	81	15	from	from	ADP
foster-181	81	16	these	these	DET
foster-181	81	17	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	81	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	81	19	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	81	20	as	as	ADP
foster-181	81	21	adopting	adopt	VERB
foster-181	81	22	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	81	23	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	81	24	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	81	25	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	81	26	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	81	27	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	81	28	the	the	DET
foster-181	81	29	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	81	30	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	81	31	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	81	32	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	81	33	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	81	34	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	81	35	3	3	NUM
foster-181	81	36	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	81	37	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	81	38	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	81	39	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	81	40	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	81	41	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	81	42	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	81	43	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	81	44	-	-	SYM
foster-181	81	45	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	81	46	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	81	47	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	81	48	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	81	49	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	81	50	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	81	51	-	-	SYM
foster-181	81	52	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	81	53	195	195	NUM
foster-181	81	54	strategies	strategy	NOUN
foster-181	81	55	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	81	56	persisting	persist	VERB
foster-181	81	57	in	in	ADP
foster-181	81	58	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	81	59	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	81	60	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	82	1	notably	notably	ADV
foster-181	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	82	3	these	these	DET
foster-181	82	4	components	component	NOUN
foster-181	82	5	may	may	AUX
foster-181	82	6	function	function	VERB
foster-181	82	7	independently	independently	ADV
foster-181	82	8	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	82	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	82	10	combination	combination	NOUN
foster-181	82	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	82	12	depending	depend	VERB
foster-181	82	13	on	on	ADP
foster-181	82	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	82	15	individual	individual	NOUN
foster-181	82	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	83	1	eagly	eagly	ADV
foster-181	83	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	83	3	chaiken	chaiken	VERB
foster-181	83	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	83	5	1993	1993	NUM
foster-181	83	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	83	7	explain	explain	VERB
foster-181	83	8	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	83	9	all	all	DET
foster-181	83	10	three	three	NUM
foster-181	83	11	components	component	NOUN
foster-181	83	12	do	do	AUX
foster-181	83	13	not	not	PART
foster-181	83	14	need	need	VERB
foster-181	83	15	to	to	PART
foster-181	83	16	be	be	AUX
foster-181	83	17	present	present	ADJ
foster-181	83	18	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
foster-181	83	19	for	for	ADP
foster-181	83	20	an	an	DET
foster-181	83	21	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	83	22	to	to	ADP
foster-181	83	23	form	form	NOUN
foster-181	83	24	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	83	25	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	83	26	they	they	PRON
foster-181	83	27	can	can	AUX
foster-181	83	28	overlap	overlap	VERB
foster-181	83	29	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	83	30	remain	remain	VERB
foster-181	83	31	distinct	distinct	ADJ
foster-181	83	32	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	84	1	for	for	ADP
foster-181	84	2	instance	instance	NOUN
foster-181	84	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	84	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	84	5	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	84	6	might	might	AUX
foster-181	84	7	hold	hold	VERB
foster-181	84	8	a	a	DET
foster-181	84	9	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	84	10	belief	belief	NOUN
foster-181	84	11	about	about	ADP
foster-181	84	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	84	13	utility	utility	NOUN
foster-181	84	14	of	of	ADP
foster-181	84	15	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	84	16	a	a	DET
foster-181	84	17	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	84	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	84	19	but	but	CCONJ
foster-181	84	20	experience	experience	VERB
foster-181	84	21	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	84	22	emotional	emotional	ADJ
foster-181	84	23	reactions	reaction	NOUN
foster-181	84	24	to	to	ADP
foster-181	84	25	the	the	DET
foster-181	84	26	challenges	challenge	NOUN
foster-181	84	27	involved	involve	VERB
foster-181	84	28	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	84	29	baker	baker	NOUN
foster-181	84	30	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	84	31	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	84	32	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	84	33	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	85	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	85	2	have	have	AUX
foster-181	85	3	proposed	propose	VERB
foster-181	85	4	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	85	5	definitions	definition	NOUN
foster-181	85	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	85	7	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	85	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	85	9	each	each	PRON
foster-181	85	10	reflecting	reflect	VERB
foster-181	85	11	unique	unique	ADJ
foster-181	85	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
foster-181	85	13	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	85	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	86	1	sarnoff	sarnoff	NOUN
foster-181	86	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	86	3	1970	1970	NUM
foster-181	86	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	86	5	described	describe	VERB
foster-181	86	6	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	86	7	as	as	ADP
foster-181	86	8	a	a	DET
foster-181	86	9	predisposition	predisposition	NOUN
foster-181	86	10	to	to	PART
foster-181	86	11	react	react	VERB
foster-181	86	12	favorably	favorably	ADV
foster-181	86	13	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	86	14	unfavorably	unfavorably	ADV
foster-181	86	15	to	to	ADP
foster-181	86	16	a	a	DET
foster-181	86	17	category	category	NOUN
foster-181	86	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	86	19	objects	object	NOUN
foster-181	86	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	86	21	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	86	22	ajzen	ajzen	NOUN
foster-181	86	23	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	86	24	2005	2005	NUM
foster-181	86	25	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	86	26	defined	define	VERB
foster-181	86	27	it	it	PRON
foster-181	86	28	as	as	ADP
foster-181	86	29	a	a	DET
foster-181	86	30	disposition	disposition	NOUN
foster-181	86	31	to	to	PART
foster-181	86	32	respond	respond	VERB
foster-181	86	33	positively	positively	ADV
foster-181	86	34	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	86	35	negatively	negatively	ADV
foster-181	86	36	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	86	37	a	a	DET
foster-181	86	38	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	86	39	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	86	40	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	87	1	brown	brown	NOUN
foster-181	87	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	87	3	2007	2007	NUM
foster-181	87	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	87	5	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
foster-181	87	6	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	87	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	87	8	encompass	encompass	VERB
foster-181	87	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	87	10	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	87	11	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	87	12	hold	hold	VERB
foster-181	87	13	about	about	ADP
foster-181	87	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	87	15	target	target	NOUN
foster-181	87	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	87	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	87	18	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	87	19	as	as	ADP
foster-181	87	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
foster-181	87	21	it	it	PRON
foster-181	87	22	is	be	AUX
foster-181	87	23	interesting	interesting	ADJ
foster-181	87	24	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	87	25	useful	useful	ADJ
foster-181	87	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	87	27	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	87	28	difficult	difficult	ADJ
foster-181	87	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	88	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
foster-181	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	88	3	eagly	eagly	ADV
foster-181	88	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	88	5	chaiken	chaiken	VERB
foster-181	88	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	88	7	1993	1993	NUM
foster-181	88	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	88	9	viewed	view	VERB
foster-181	88	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	88	11	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	88	12	psychological	psychological	ADJ
foster-181	88	13	tendencies	tendency	NOUN
foster-181	88	14	expressed	express	VERB
foster-181	88	15	through	through	ADP
foster-181	88	16	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
foster-181	88	17	reactions	reaction	NOUN
foster-181	88	18	to	to	ADP
foster-181	88	19	particular	particular	ADJ
foster-181	88	20	entities	entity	NOUN
foster-181	88	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	89	1	garrett	garrett	PROPN
foster-181	89	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	89	3	2010	2010	NUM
foster-181	89	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	89	5	extended	extend	VERB
foster-181	89	6	this	this	DET
foster-181	89	7	understanding	understanding	NOUN
foster-181	89	8	by	by	ADP
foster-181	89	9	defining	define	VERB
foster-181	89	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	89	11	as	as	ADP
foster-181	89	12	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
foster-181	89	13	orientations	orientation	NOUN
foster-181	89	14	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	89	15	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	89	16	objects	object	NOUN
foster-181	89	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	89	18	including	include	VERB
foster-181	89	19	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	89	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	89	21	policies	policy	NOUN
foster-181	89	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	89	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	89	24	institutions	institution	NOUN
foster-181	89	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	90	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	90	2	definitions	definition	NOUN
foster-181	90	3	underline	underline	VERB
foster-181	90	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	90	5	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
foster-181	90	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	90	7	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	90	8	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	90	9	dependent	dependent	ADJ
foster-181	90	10	nature	nature	NOUN
foster-181	90	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	90	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	90	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	91	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	91	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
foster-181	91	3	between	between	ADP
foster-181	91	4	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	91	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	91	6	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	91	7	has	have	AUX
foster-181	91	8	been	be	AUX
foster-181	91	9	a	a	DET
foster-181	91	10	focal	focal	ADJ
foster-181	91	11	point	point	NOUN
foster-181	91	12	in	in	ADP
foster-181	91	13	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	91	14	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	91	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	92	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	92	2	strongly	strongly	ADV
foster-181	92	3	influence	influence	VERB
foster-181	92	4	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	92	5	individuals	individual	NOUN
foster-181	92	6	act	act	VERB
foster-181	92	7	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	92	8	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	92	9	objectives	objective	NOUN
foster-181	92	10	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	92	11	situations	situation	NOUN
foster-181	92	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	93	1	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	93	2	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	93	3	about	about	ADP
foster-181	93	4	an	an	DET
foster-181	93	5	outcome	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	93	6	often	often	ADV
foster-181	93	7	result	result	VERB
foster-181	93	8	in	in	ADP
foster-181	93	9	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	93	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	93	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	93	12	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	93	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	93	14	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	93	15	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	93	16	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	93	17	lead	lead	VERB
foster-181	93	18	to	to	ADP
foster-181	93	19	avoidance	avoidance	NOUN
foster-181	93	20	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	93	21	resistance	resistance	NOUN
foster-181	93	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	94	1	allport	allport	NOUN
foster-181	94	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	94	3	1954	1954	NUM
foster-181	94	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	94	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	94	6	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	94	7	cited	cite	VERB
foster-181	94	8	by	by	ADP
foster-181	94	9	bordens	borden	NOUN
foster-181	94	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	94	11	horowitz	horowitz	PROPN
foster-181	94	12	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	94	13	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	94	14	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	94	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	94	16	characterized	characterize	VERB
foster-181	94	17	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	94	18	as	as	ADP
foster-181	94	19	a	a	DET
foster-181	94	20	mental	mental	ADJ
foster-181	94	21	state	state	NOUN
foster-181	94	22	of	of	ADP
foster-181	94	23	readiness	readiness	NOUN
foster-181	94	24	shaped	shape	VERB
foster-181	94	25	by	by	ADP
foster-181	94	26	experience	experience	NOUN
foster-181	94	27	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	94	28	which	which	PRON
foster-181	94	29	guides	guide	VERB
foster-181	94	30	an	an	DET
foster-181	94	31	individual	individual	NOUN
foster-181	94	32	’s	’s	PART
foster-181	94	33	responses	response	NOUN
foster-181	94	34	to	to	ADP
foster-181	94	35	objects	object	NOUN
foster-181	94	36	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	94	37	situations	situation	NOUN
foster-181	94	38	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	95	1	for	for	ADP
foster-181	95	2	example	example	NOUN
foster-181	95	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	95	4	someone	someone	PRON
foster-181	95	5	who	who	PRON
foster-181	95	6	believes	believe	VERB
foster-181	95	7	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	95	8	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	95	9	a	a	DET
foster-181	95	10	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	95	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	95	12	will	will	AUX
foster-181	95	13	lead	lead	VERB
foster-181	95	14	to	to	ADP
foster-181	95	15	career	career	NOUN
foster-181	95	16	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	95	17	may	may	AUX
foster-181	95	18	develop	develop	VERB
foster-181	95	19	a	a	DET
foster-181	95	20	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	95	21	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	95	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	95	23	actively	actively	ADV
foster-181	95	24	engage	engage	VERB
foster-181	95	25	in	in	ADP
foster-181	95	26	the	the	DET
foster-181	95	27	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	95	28	process	process	NOUN
foster-181	95	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	96	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	96	2	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	96	3	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	96	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	96	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	96	6	are	be	AUX
foster-181	96	7	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	96	8	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	96	9	because	because	SCONJ
foster-181	96	10	they	they	PRON
foster-181	96	11	shape	shape	VERB
foster-181	96	12	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	96	13	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	96	14	perceive	perceive	VERB
foster-181	96	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	96	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	96	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	96	18	its	its	PRON
foster-181	96	19	associated	associated	ADJ
foster-181	96	20	culture	culture	NOUN
foster-181	96	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	96	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	96	23	the	the	DET
foster-181	96	24	broader	broad	ADJ
foster-181	96	25	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	96	26	experience	experience	NOUN
foster-181	96	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	97	1	ryan	ryan	PROPN
foster-181	97	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	97	3	giles	giles	PROPN
foster-181	97	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	97	5	1982	1982	NUM
foster-181	97	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	97	7	defined	define	VERB
foster-181	97	8	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	97	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	97	10	as	as	ADP
foster-181	97	11	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
foster-181	97	12	—	—	PUNCT
foster-181	97	13	affective	affective	ADJ
foster-181	97	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	97	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
foster-181	97	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	97	17	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	97	18	behavioral	behavioral	NOUN
foster-181	97	19	—	—	PUNCT
foster-181	97	20	of	of	ADP
foster-181	97	21	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	97	22	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	97	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	97	24	varieties	variety	NOUN
foster-181	97	25	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	97	26	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	97	27	their	their	PRON
foster-181	97	28	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	97	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	98	1	gardner	gardner	NOUN
foster-181	98	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	98	3	1985	1985	NUM
foster-181	98	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	98	5	further	far	ADV
foster-181	98	6	categorized	categorize	VERB
foster-181	98	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	98	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	98	9	into	into	ADP
foster-181	98	10	two	two	NUM
foster-181	98	11	main	main	ADJ
foster-181	98	12	types	type	NOUN
foster-181	98	13	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	98	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	98	15	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	98	16	the	the	DET
foster-181	98	17	target	target	NOUN
foster-181	98	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	98	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	98	20	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	98	21	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	98	22	the	the	DET
foster-181	98	23	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	98	24	community	community	NOUN
foster-181	98	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	99	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	99	2	former	former	ADJ
foster-181	99	3	involves	involve	VERB
foster-181	99	4	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	99	5	about	about	ADP
foster-181	99	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	99	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	99	8	itself	itself	PRON
foster-181	99	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	99	10	including	include	VERB
foster-181	99	11	its	its	PRON
foster-181	99	12	perceived	perceive	VERB
foster-181	99	13	utility	utility	NOUN
foster-181	99	14	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	99	15	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
foster-181	99	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	99	17	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	99	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	99	19	latter	latter	NOUN
foster-181	99	20	encompasses	encompass	VERB
foster-181	99	21	opinions	opinion	NOUN
foster-181	99	22	about	about	ADP
foster-181	99	23	the	the	DET
foster-181	99	24	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	99	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	99	26	culture	culture	NOUN
foster-181	99	27	associated	associate	VERB
foster-181	99	28	with	with	ADP
foster-181	99	29	the	the	DET
foster-181	99	30	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	99	31	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	100	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	100	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	100	3	can	can	AUX
foster-181	100	4	vary	vary	VERB
foster-181	100	5	across	across	ADP
foster-181	100	6	contexts	contexts	NOUN
foster-181	100	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	100	8	reflecting	reflect	VERB
foster-181	100	9	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	100	10	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	100	11	personal	personal	ADJ
foster-181	100	12	experiences	experience	NOUN
foster-181	100	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	100	14	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
foster-181	100	15	backgrounds	background	NOUN
foster-181	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	100	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	100	18	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	100	19	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	100	20	environments	environment	NOUN
foster-181	100	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	101	1	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	101	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	101	3	are	be	AUX
foster-181	101	4	often	often	ADV
foster-181	101	5	linked	link	VERB
foster-181	101	6	to	to	ADP
foster-181	101	7	successful	successful	ADJ
foster-181	101	8	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	101	9	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	101	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	101	11	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	101	12	they	they	PRON
foster-181	101	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
foster-181	101	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	101	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	101	16	persistence	persistence	NOUN
foster-181	101	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	101	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	101	19	engagement	engagement	NOUN
foster-181	101	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	102	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
foster-181	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	102	3	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	102	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	102	5	can	can	AUX
foster-181	102	6	hinder	hinder	VERB
foster-181	102	7	progress	progress	NOUN
foster-181	102	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	102	9	reducing	reduce	VERB
foster-181	102	10	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	102	11	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	102	12	willingness	willingness	NOUN
foster-181	102	13	to	to	PART
foster-181	102	14	invest	invest	VERB
foster-181	102	15	time	time	NOUN
foster-181	102	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	102	17	effort	effort	NOUN
foster-181	102	18	in	in	ADP
foster-181	102	19	acquiring	acquire	VERB
foster-181	102	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	102	21	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	102	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	103	1	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	103	2	consistently	consistently	ADV
foster-181	103	3	highlights	highlight	NOUN
foster-181	103	4	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	103	5	as	as	ADP
foster-181	103	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	103	7	critical	critical	ADJ
foster-181	103	8	variable	variable	NOUN
foster-181	103	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	103	10	predicting	predict	VERB
foster-181	103	11	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	103	12	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	103	13	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	103	14	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	103	15	carroll	carroll	NOUN
foster-181	103	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	103	17	1964	1964	NUM
foster-181	103	18	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	103	19	csize	csize	VERB
foster-181	103	20	r	r	NOUN
foster-181	103	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	103	22	2007	2007	NUM
foster-181	103	23	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	103	24	do	do	AUX
foster-181	103	25	rnyei	rnyei	NOUN
foster-181	103	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	103	27	2009	2009	NUM
foster-181	103	28	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	103	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	104	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
foster-181	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	104	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	104	4	is	be	AUX
foster-181	104	5	a	a	DET
foster-181	104	6	complex	complex	ADJ
foster-181	104	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	104	8	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
foster-181	104	9	construct	construct	NOUN
foster-181	104	10	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	104	11	profoundly	profoundly	ADV
foster-181	104	12	influences	influence	VERB
foster-181	104	13	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	104	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	104	15	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	104	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	105	1	its	its	PRON
foster-181	105	2	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
foster-181	105	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	105	4	affective	affective	NOUN
foster-181	105	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	105	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	105	7	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
foster-181	105	8	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
foster-181	105	9	interact	interact	VERB
foster-181	105	10	in	in	ADP
foster-181	105	11	unique	unique	ADJ
foster-181	105	12	ways	way	NOUN
foster-181	105	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	105	14	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	105	15	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	105	16	’	’	PART
foster-181	105	17	perceptions	perception	NOUN
foster-181	105	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	105	19	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	105	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	105	21	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	105	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	105	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	106	1	by	by	ADP
foster-181	106	2	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	106	3	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	106	4	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	106	5	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	106	6	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	106	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	106	8	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	106	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	106	10	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	106	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	106	12	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	106	13	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	106	14	3	3	NUM
foster-181	106	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	106	16	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	106	17	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	106	18	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	106	19	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	106	20	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	106	21	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	106	22	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	106	23	-	-	SYM
foster-181	106	24	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	106	25	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	106	26	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	106	27	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	106	28	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	106	29	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	106	30	-	-	SYM
foster-181	106	31	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	106	32	196	196	NUM
foster-181	106	33	these	these	DET
foster-181	106	34	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
foster-181	106	35	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	106	36	educators	educator	NOUN
foster-181	106	37	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	106	38	researchers	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	106	39	can	can	AUX
foster-181	106	40	better	well	ADV
foster-181	106	41	support	support	VERB
foster-181	106	42	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	106	43	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	106	44	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	106	45	fostering	foster	VERB
foster-181	106	46	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	106	47	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	106	48	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	106	49	creating	create	VERB
foster-181	106	50	environments	environment	NOUN
foster-181	106	51	that	that	PRON
foster-181	106	52	enhance	enhance	VERB
foster-181	106	53	the	the	DET
foster-181	106	54	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
foster-181	106	55	of	of	ADP
foster-181	106	56	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	106	57	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	106	58	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	107	1	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	107	2	models	model	NOUN
foster-181	107	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	107	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	107	5	which	which	PRON
foster-181	107	6	is	be	AUX
foster-181	107	7	closely	closely	ADV
foster-181	107	8	linked	link	VERB
foster-181	107	9	to	to	ADP
foster-181	107	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	107	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	107	12	plays	play	VERB
foster-181	107	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	107	14	crucial	crucial	ADJ
foster-181	107	15	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	107	16	in	in	ADP
foster-181	107	17	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	107	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	107	19	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	107	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	108	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	108	2	have	have	AUX
foster-181	108	3	proposed	propose	VERB
foster-181	108	4	several	several	ADJ
foster-181	108	5	models	model	NOUN
foster-181	108	6	to	to	PART
foster-181	108	7	explain	explain	VERB
foster-181	108	8	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	108	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	108	10	are	be	AUX
foster-181	108	11	formed	form	VERB
foster-181	108	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	108	13	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	108	14	they	they	PRON
foster-181	108	15	influence	influence	VERB
foster-181	108	16	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	108	17	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	109	1	among	among	ADP
foster-181	109	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	109	3	most	most	ADV
foster-181	109	4	prominent	prominent	ADJ
foster-181	109	5	are	be	AUX
foster-181	109	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	109	7	expectancy	expectancy	NOUN
foster-181	109	8	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	109	9	value	value	NOUN
foster-181	109	10	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	109	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	109	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	109	13	three	three	NUM
foster-181	109	14	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	109	15	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	109	16	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	109	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	109	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	109	19	the	the	DET
foster-181	109	20	association	association	NOUN
foster-181	109	21	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	109	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	110	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	110	2	frameworks	framework	NOUN
foster-181	110	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	110	4	rooted	root	VERB
foster-181	110	5	in	in	ADP
foster-181	110	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	110	7	long	long	ADJ
foster-181	110	8	history	history	NOUN
foster-181	110	9	of	of	ADP
foster-181	110	10	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	110	11	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	110	12	in	in	ADP
foster-181	110	13	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	110	14	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	110	15	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	110	16	milroy	milroy	PROPN
foster-181	110	17	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	110	18	preston	preston	PROPN
foster-181	110	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	110	20	1999	1999	NUM
foster-181	110	21	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	110	22	oppenheim	oppenheim	PROPN
foster-181	110	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	110	24	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	110	25	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	110	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	110	27	have	have	AUX
foster-181	110	28	also	also	ADV
foster-181	110	29	found	find	VERB
foster-181	110	30	relevance	relevance	NOUN
foster-181	110	31	in	in	ADP
foster-181	110	32	fields	field	NOUN
foster-181	110	33	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	110	34	as	as	ADP
foster-181	110	35	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
foster-181	110	36	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	110	37	where	where	SCONJ
foster-181	110	38	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	110	39	are	be	AUX
foster-181	110	40	essential	essential	ADJ
foster-181	110	41	for	for	ADP
foster-181	110	42	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	110	43	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	110	44	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	110	45	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	110	46	garrett	garrett	PROPN
foster-181	110	47	et	et	PROPN
foster-181	110	48	al	al	PROPN
foster-181	110	49	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	110	50	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	110	51	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	110	52	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	110	53	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	111	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	111	2	expectancy	expectancy	NOUN
foster-181	111	3	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	111	4	value	value	NOUN
foster-181	111	5	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	111	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	111	7	introduced	introduce	VERB
foster-181	111	8	by	by	ADP
foster-181	111	9	fishbein	fishbein	ADJ
foster-181	111	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	111	11	ajzen	ajzen	NOUN
foster-181	111	12	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	111	13	1975	1975	NUM
foster-181	111	14	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	111	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	111	16	explains	explain	VERB
foster-181	111	17	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	111	18	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	111	19	are	be	AUX
foster-181	111	20	shaped	shape	VERB
foster-181	111	21	by	by	ADP
foster-181	111	22	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	111	23	about	about	ADP
foster-181	111	24	an	an	DET
foster-181	111	25	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	111	26	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	111	27	the	the	DET
foster-181	111	28	value	value	NOUN
foster-181	111	29	assigned	assign	VERB
foster-181	111	30	to	to	ADP
foster-181	111	31	its	its	PRON
foster-181	111	32	attributes	attribute	NOUN
foster-181	111	33	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	112	1	according	accord	VERB
foster-181	112	2	to	to	ADP
foster-181	112	3	this	this	DET
foster-181	112	4	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	112	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	112	6	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	112	7	develop	develop	VERB
foster-181	112	8	when	when	SCONJ
foster-181	112	9	individuals	individual	NOUN
foster-181	112	10	associate	associate	VERB
foster-181	112	11	an	an	DET
foster-181	112	12	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	112	13	with	with	ADP
foster-181	112	14	desirable	desirable	ADJ
foster-181	112	15	attributes	attribute	NOUN
foster-181	112	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	112	17	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
foster-181	112	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	112	19	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
foster-181	112	20	of	of	ADP
foster-181	112	21	these	these	DET
foster-181	112	22	attributes	attribute	NOUN
foster-181	112	23	being	be	AUX
foster-181	112	24	present	present	ADJ
foster-181	112	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	113	1	for	for	ADP
foster-181	113	2	example	example	NOUN
foster-181	113	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	113	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	113	5	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	113	6	may	may	AUX
foster-181	113	7	develop	develop	VERB
foster-181	113	8	a	a	DET
foster-181	113	9	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	113	10	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	113	11	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	113	12	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	113	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	113	14	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	113	15	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	113	16	if	if	SCONJ
foster-181	113	17	they	they	PRON
foster-181	113	18	believe	believe	VERB
foster-181	113	19	it	it	PRON
foster-181	113	20	will	will	AUX
foster-181	113	21	lead	lead	VERB
foster-181	113	22	to	to	ADP
foster-181	113	23	career	career	NOUN
foster-181	113	24	advancement	advancement	NOUN
foster-181	113	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	113	26	consider	consider	VERB
foster-181	113	27	this	this	DET
foster-181	113	28	outcome	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	113	29	valuable	valuable	ADJ
foster-181	113	30	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	114	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	114	2	this	this	DET
foster-181	114	3	sense	sense	NOUN
foster-181	114	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	114	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	114	6	are	be	AUX
foster-181	114	7	a	a	DET
foster-181	114	8	reflection	reflection	NOUN
foster-181	114	9	of	of	ADP
foster-181	114	10	personal	personal	ADJ
foster-181	114	11	expectations	expectation	NOUN
foster-181	114	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	114	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	114	14	perceived	perceive	VERB
foster-181	114	15	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	114	16	of	of	ADP
foster-181	114	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	114	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	115	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	115	2	three	three	NUM
foster-181	115	3	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	115	4	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	115	5	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	115	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	115	7	proposed	propose	VERB
foster-181	115	8	by	by	ADP
foster-181	115	9	rosenberg	rosenberg	PROPN
foster-181	115	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	115	11	hovland	hovland	PROPN
foster-181	115	12	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	115	13	1960	1960	NUM
foster-181	115	14	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	115	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	115	16	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
foster-181	115	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	115	18	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
foster-181	115	19	nature	nature	NOUN
foster-181	115	20	of	of	ADP
foster-181	115	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	115	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	115	23	dividing	divide	VERB
foster-181	115	24	them	they	PRON
foster-181	115	25	into	into	ADP
foster-181	115	26	three	three	NUM
foster-181	115	27	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
foster-181	115	28	components	component	NOUN
foster-181	115	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	116	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	116	2	affective	affective	ADJ
foster-181	116	3	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	116	4	involves	involve	VERB
foster-181	116	5	emotional	emotional	ADJ
foster-181	116	6	responses	response	NOUN
foster-181	116	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	116	8	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	116	9	as	as	ADP
foster-181	116	10	liking	like	VERB
foster-181	116	11	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	116	12	disliking	dislike	VERB
foster-181	116	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	116	14	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	116	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	117	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	117	2	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
foster-181	117	3	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	117	4	relates	relate	VERB
foster-181	117	5	to	to	ADP
foster-181	117	6	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	117	7	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	117	8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
foster-181	117	9	about	about	ADP
foster-181	117	10	the	the	DET
foster-181	117	11	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	117	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	118	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	118	2	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
foster-181	118	3	component	component	NOUN
foster-181	118	4	encompasses	encompass	VERB
foster-181	118	5	actions	action	NOUN
foster-181	118	6	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	118	7	tendencies	tendency	NOUN
foster-181	118	8	arising	arise	VERB
foster-181	118	9	from	from	ADP
foster-181	118	10	these	these	DET
foster-181	118	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	118	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	119	1	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	119	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	119	3	result	result	VERB
foster-181	119	4	from	from	ADP
foster-181	119	5	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	119	6	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	119	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	119	8	emotions	emotion	NOUN
foster-181	119	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	119	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	119	11	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	119	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	119	13	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	119	14	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	119	15	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	119	16	stem	stem	VERB
foster-181	119	17	from	from	ADP
foster-181	119	18	unfavorable	unfavorable	ADJ
foster-181	119	19	ones	one	NOUN
foster-181	119	20	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	119	21	olson	olson	NOUN
foster-181	119	22	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	119	23	maio	maio	PROPN
foster-181	119	24	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	119	25	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	119	26	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	119	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	120	1	for	for	ADP
foster-181	120	2	instance	instance	NOUN
foster-181	120	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	120	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	120	5	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	120	6	who	who	PRON
foster-181	120	7	believes	believe	VERB
foster-181	120	8	in	in	ADP
foster-181	120	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	120	10	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	120	11	benefits	benefit	NOUN
foster-181	120	12	of	of	ADP
foster-181	120	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	120	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	120	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	120	16	enjoys	enjoy	VERB
foster-181	120	17	using	use	VERB
foster-181	120	18	it	it	PRON
foster-181	120	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	120	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	120	21	engages	engage	VERB
foster-181	120	22	actively	actively	ADV
foster-181	120	23	in	in	ADP
foster-181	120	24	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	120	25	activities	activity	NOUN
foster-181	120	26	is	be	AUX
foster-181	120	27	likely	likely	ADJ
foster-181	120	28	to	to	PART
foster-181	120	29	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	120	30	a	a	DET
foster-181	120	31	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	120	32	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	120	33	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	120	34	that	that	DET
foster-181	120	35	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	120	36	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	121	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	121	2	association	association	NOUN
foster-181	121	3	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	121	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	121	5	developed	develop	VERB
foster-181	121	6	by	by	ADP
foster-181	121	7	fazio	fazio	PROPN
foster-181	121	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	121	9	1990	1990	NUM
foster-181	121	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	121	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	121	12	views	view	VERB
foster-181	121	13	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	121	14	as	as	ADP
foster-181	121	15	associations	association	NOUN
foster-181	121	16	between	between	ADP
foster-181	121	17	an	an	DET
foster-181	121	18	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	121	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	121	20	a	a	DET
foster-181	121	21	summary	summary	NOUN
foster-181	121	22	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
foster-181	121	23	stored	store	VERB
foster-181	121	24	in	in	ADP
foster-181	121	25	memory	memory	NOUN
foster-181	121	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	122	1	this	this	DET
foster-181	122	2	model	model	NOUN
foster-181	122	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
foster-181	122	4	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	122	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	122	6	are	be	AUX
foster-181	122	7	shaped	shape	VERB
foster-181	122	8	by	by	ADP
foster-181	122	9	past	past	ADJ
foster-181	122	10	experiences	experience	NOUN
foster-181	122	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	122	12	emotional	emotional	ADJ
foster-181	122	13	reactions	reaction	NOUN
foster-181	122	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	122	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	122	16	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
foster-181	122	17	inferences	inference	NOUN
foster-181	122	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	123	1	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
foster-181	123	2	may	may	AUX
foster-181	123	3	stem	stem	VERB
foster-181	123	4	from	from	ADP
foster-181	123	5	affective	affective	ADJ
foster-181	123	6	responses	response	NOUN
foster-181	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	123	8	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	123	9	as	as	ADP
foster-181	123	10	enjoyment	enjoyment	NOUN
foster-181	123	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	123	12	a	a	DET
foster-181	123	13	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	123	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	123	15	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	123	16	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
foster-181	123	17	processes	process	NOUN
foster-181	123	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	123	19	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	123	20	as	as	ADP
foster-181	123	21	recognizing	recognize	VERB
foster-181	123	22	its	its	PRON
foster-181	123	23	utility	utility	NOUN
foster-181	123	24	for	for	ADP
foster-181	123	25	professional	professional	ADJ
foster-181	123	26	growth	growth	NOUN
foster-181	123	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	124	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	124	2	associations	association	NOUN
foster-181	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	124	4	once	once	ADV
foster-181	124	5	formed	form	VERB
foster-181	124	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	124	7	influence	influence	VERB
foster-181	124	8	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	124	9	individuals	individual	NOUN
foster-181	124	10	perceive	perceive	VERB
foster-181	124	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	124	12	respond	respond	VERB
foster-181	124	13	to	to	ADP
foster-181	124	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	124	15	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	124	16	over	over	ADP
foster-181	124	17	time	time	NOUN
foster-181	124	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	124	19	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
foster-181	124	20	certain	certain	ADJ
foster-181	124	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	124	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	124	23	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	124	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	125	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	125	2	models	model	NOUN
foster-181	125	3	collectively	collectively	ADV
foster-181	125	4	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
foster-181	125	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	125	6	complexity	complexity	NOUN
foster-181	125	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	125	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	125	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	125	10	their	their	PRON
foster-181	125	11	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	125	12	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	125	13	in	in	ADP
foster-181	125	14	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	125	15	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	125	16	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	125	17	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	126	1	by	by	ADP
foster-181	126	2	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	126	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	126	4	interplay	interplay	NOUN
foster-181	126	5	between	between	ADP
foster-181	126	6	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	126	8	emotions	emotion	NOUN
foster-181	126	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	126	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	126	11	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	126	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	126	13	educators	educator	NOUN
foster-181	126	14	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	126	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	126	16	can	can	AUX
foster-181	126	17	design	design	VERB
foster-181	126	18	interventions	intervention	NOUN
foster-181	126	19	that	that	PRON
foster-181	126	20	foster	foster	VERB
foster-181	126	21	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	126	22	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	126	23	among	among	ADP
foster-181	126	24	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	126	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	127	1	this	this	PRON
foster-181	127	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	127	3	in	in	ADP
foster-181	127	4	turn	turn	NOUN
foster-181	127	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	127	6	enhances	enhance	VERB
foster-181	127	7	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	127	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	127	9	engagement	engagement	NOUN
foster-181	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	127	11	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
foster-181	127	12	leading	lead	VERB
foster-181	127	13	to	to	ADP
foster-181	127	14	more	more	ADV
foster-181	127	15	successful	successful	ADJ
foster-181	127	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	127	17	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	127	18	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	127	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	128	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	128	2	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	128	3	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	129	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	129	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	129	3	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	129	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	129	5	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	129	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	129	7	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	129	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	129	9	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	129	10	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	129	11	3	3	NUM
foster-181	129	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	129	13	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	129	14	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	129	15	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	129	16	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	129	17	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	129	18	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	129	19	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	129	20	-	-	SYM
foster-181	129	21	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	129	22	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	129	23	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	129	24	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	129	25	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	129	26	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	129	27	-	-	SYM
foster-181	129	28	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	129	29	197	197	NUM
foster-181	129	30	garrett	garrett	NOUN
foster-181	129	31	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	129	32	2010	2010	NUM
foster-181	129	33	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	129	34	explains	explain	VERB
foster-181	129	35	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	129	36	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	129	37	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	129	38	differ	differ	VERB
foster-181	129	39	from	from	ADP
foster-181	129	40	other	other	ADJ
foster-181	129	41	types	type	NOUN
foster-181	129	42	of	of	ADP
foster-181	129	43	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	129	44	based	base	VERB
foster-181	129	45	on	on	ADP
foster-181	129	46	their	their	PRON
foster-181	129	47	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	129	48	focus	focus	NOUN
foster-181	129	49	on	on	ADP
foster-181	129	50	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	129	51	as	as	ADP
foster-181	129	52	the	the	DET
foster-181	129	53	object	object	NOUN
foster-181	129	54	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	130	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	130	2	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
foster-181	130	3	allow	allow	VERB
foster-181	130	4	for	for	ADP
foster-181	130	5	a	a	DET
foster-181	130	6	deeper	deep	ADJ
foster-181	130	7	understanding	understanding	NOUN
foster-181	130	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	130	9	complex	complex	ADJ
foster-181	130	10	processes	process	NOUN
foster-181	130	11	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	130	12	as	as	ADP
foster-181	130	13	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	130	14	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	130	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	130	16	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	130	17	integration	integration	NOUN
foster-181	130	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	131	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	131	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	131	3	encompass	encompass	VERB
foster-181	131	4	all	all	DET
foster-181	131	5	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
foster-181	131	6	constructs	construct	NOUN
foster-181	131	7	related	relate	VERB
foster-181	131	8	to	to	ADP
foster-181	131	9	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	131	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	131	11	which	which	PRON
foster-181	131	12	are	be	AUX
foster-181	131	13	shaped	shape	VERB
foster-181	131	14	through	through	ADP
foster-181	131	15	experience	experience	NOUN
foster-181	131	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	132	1	moreno	moreno	PROPN
foster-181	132	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	132	3	1998	1998	NUM
foster-181	132	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	132	5	further	far	ADV
foster-181	132	6	elaborates	elaborate	VERB
foster-181	132	7	on	on	ADP
foster-181	132	8	this	this	DET
foster-181	132	9	concept	concept	NOUN
foster-181	132	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	132	11	describing	describe	VERB
foster-181	132	12	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	132	13	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	132	14	as	as	ADP
foster-181	132	15	a	a	DET
foster-181	132	16	manifestation	manifestation	NOUN
foster-181	132	17	of	of	ADP
foster-181	132	18	individuals	individual	NOUN
foster-181	132	19	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	132	20	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	132	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	132	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	132	23	specifically	specifically	ADV
foster-181	132	24	referencing	reference	VERB
foster-181	132	25	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	132	26	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	132	27	its	its	PRON
foster-181	132	28	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	132	29	in	in	ADP
foster-181	132	30	society	society	NOUN
foster-181	132	31	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	133	1	this	this	DET
foster-181	133	2	definition	definition	NOUN
foster-181	133	3	includes	include	VERB
foster-181	133	4	not	not	PART
foster-181	133	5	only	only	ADV
foster-181	133	6	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	133	7	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	133	8	but	but	CCONJ
foster-181	133	9	also	also	ADV
foster-181	133	10	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	133	11	varieties	variety	NOUN
foster-181	133	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	133	13	extending	extend	VERB
foster-181	133	14	to	to	ADP
foster-181	133	15	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	133	16	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	133	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	133	18	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	133	19	of	of	ADP
foster-181	133	20	those	those	DET
foster-181	133	21	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	133	22	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	133	23	gonzález	gonzález	PROPN
foster-181	133	24	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	133	25	huguet	huguet	PROPN
foster-181	133	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	133	27	2002	2002	NUM
foster-181	133	28	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	133	29	lasagabaster	lasagabaster	ADV
foster-181	133	30	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	133	31	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	133	32	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	133	33	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	134	1	richard	richard	PROPN
foster-181	134	2	et	et	PROPN
foster-181	134	3	al	al	PROPN
foster-181	134	4	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	135	1	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	135	2	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	135	3	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	135	4	provide	provide	VERB
foster-181	135	5	a	a	DET
foster-181	135	6	definition	definition	NOUN
foster-181	135	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	135	8	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	135	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	135	10	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	135	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	135	12	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	135	13	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	135	14	of	of	ADP
foster-181	135	15	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	135	16	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	135	17	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	135	18	varieties	variety	NOUN
foster-181	135	19	have	have	VERB
foster-181	135	20	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	135	21	their	their	PRON
foster-181	135	22	own	own	ADJ
foster-181	135	23	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	135	24	others	other	NOUN
foster-181	135	25	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	135	26	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	135	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	136	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	136	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	136	3	may	may	AUX
foster-181	136	4	involve	involve	VERB
foster-181	136	5	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	136	6	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	136	7	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	136	8	feelings	feeling	NOUN
foster-181	136	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	136	10	reflecting	reflect	VERB
foster-181	136	11	impressions	impression	NOUN
foster-181	136	12	about	about	ADP
foster-181	136	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	136	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	136	15	’s	’s	PART
foster-181	136	16	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
foster-181	136	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	136	18	elegance	elegance	NOUN
foster-181	136	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	136	20	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	136	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	136	22	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	136	23	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	136	24	status	status	NOUN
foster-181	136	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	137	1	they	they	PRON
foster-181	137	2	may	may	AUX
foster-181	137	3	also	also	ADV
foster-181	137	4	capture	capture	VERB
foster-181	137	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	137	6	sentiments	sentiment	NOUN
foster-181	137	7	people	people	NOUN
foster-181	137	8	hold	hold	VERB
foster-181	137	9	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	137	10	the	the	DET
foster-181	137	11	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	137	12	of	of	ADP
foster-181	137	13	a	a	DET
foster-181	137	14	given	give	VERB
foster-181	137	15	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	137	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	138	1	baker	baker	NOUN
foster-181	138	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	138	3	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	138	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	138	5	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
foster-181	138	6	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	138	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	138	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	138	9	serve	serve	VERB
foster-181	138	10	as	as	ADP
foster-181	138	11	an	an	DET
foster-181	138	12	overarching	overarching	ADJ
foster-181	138	13	concept	concept	NOUN
foster-181	138	14	that	that	PRON
foster-181	138	15	includes	include	VERB
foster-181	138	16	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	138	17	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
foster-181	138	18	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	138	19	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	138	20	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	138	21	a	a	DET
foster-181	138	22	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	138	23	itself	itself	PRON
foster-181	138	24	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	25	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	138	26	varieties	variety	NOUN
foster-181	138	27	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	138	28	dialects	dialect	NOUN
foster-181	138	29	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	30	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	138	31	of	of	ADP
foster-181	138	32	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	138	33	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	138	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	35	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	138	36	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	138	37	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	38	the	the	DET
foster-181	138	39	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	138	40	environment	environment	NOUN
foster-181	138	41	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	42	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	138	43	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	138	44	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	138	45	related	relate	VERB
foster-181	138	46	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	138	47	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	138	48	as	as	ADP
foster-181	138	49	use	use	NOUN
foster-181	138	50	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	51	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
foster-181	138	52	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	138	53	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	138	54	planning	planning	NOUN
foster-181	138	55	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	139	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	139	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	139	3	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	139	4	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	139	5	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	139	6	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	139	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	139	8	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	139	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	139	10	as	as	SCONJ
foster-181	139	11	described	describe	VERB
foster-181	139	12	in	in	ADP
foster-181	139	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	139	14	longman	longman	ADJ
foster-181	139	15	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN
foster-181	139	16	of	of	ADP
foster-181	139	17	applied	apply	VERB
foster-181	139	18	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	139	19	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	139	20	language	language	PROPN
foster-181	139	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
foster-181	139	22	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	139	23	2002	2002	NUM
foster-181	139	24	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	139	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	140	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	140	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	140	3	are	be	AUX
foster-181	140	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
foster-181	140	5	a	a	DET
foster-181	140	6	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
foster-181	140	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	140	8	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
foster-181	140	9	construct	construct	NOUN
foster-181	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	140	11	forming	form	VERB
foster-181	140	12	part	part	NOUN
foster-181	140	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	140	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	140	15	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	140	16	's	's	PART
foster-181	140	17	broader	broad	ADJ
foster-181	140	18	competencies	competency	NOUN
foster-181	140	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	140	20	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	140	21	their	their	PRON
foster-181	140	22	experiences	experience	NOUN
foster-181	140	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	140	24	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	140	25	in	in	ADP
foster-181	140	26	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	140	27	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	140	28	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	141	1	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	141	2	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	141	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	141	4	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	141	5	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	141	6	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	141	7	can	can	AUX
foster-181	141	8	be	be	AUX
foster-181	141	9	categorized	categorize	VERB
foster-181	141	10	into	into	ADP
foster-181	141	11	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	141	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	141	13	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	141	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	141	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	142	1	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	142	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	142	3	include	include	VERB
foster-181	142	4	broader	broad	ADJ
foster-181	142	5	perceptions	perception	NOUN
foster-181	142	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	142	7	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	142	8	as	as	ADP
foster-181	142	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	142	10	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	142	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	142	12	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	142	13	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	142	14	english	english	NOUN
foster-181	142	15	as	as	ADP
foster-181	142	16	a	a	DET
foster-181	142	17	global	global	ADJ
foster-181	142	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	142	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	142	20	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	142	21	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	142	22	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	142	23	focus	focus	VERB
foster-181	142	24	on	on	ADP
foster-181	142	25	particular	particular	ADJ
foster-181	142	26	aspects	aspect	NOUN
foster-181	142	27	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	142	28	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	142	29	as	as	ADP
foster-181	142	30	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	142	31	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	142	32	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	142	33	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	142	34	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	142	35	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	142	36	an	an	DET
foster-181	142	37	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	142	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
foster-181	142	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	143	1	gardner	gardner	NOUN
foster-181	143	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	143	3	lambert	lambert	PROPN
foster-181	143	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	143	5	1972	1972	NUM
foster-181	143	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	143	7	highlight	highlight	VERB
foster-181	143	8	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	143	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	143	10	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	143	11	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	143	12	a	a	DET
foster-181	143	13	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	143	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	143	15	can	can	AUX
foster-181	143	16	be	be	AUX
foster-181	143	17	directed	direct	VERB
foster-181	143	18	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	143	19	the	the	DET
foster-181	143	20	target	target	NOUN
foster-181	143	21	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	143	22	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	143	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	143	24	the	the	DET
foster-181	143	25	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	143	26	itself	itself	PRON
foster-181	143	27	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	143	28	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	143	29	the	the	DET
foster-181	143	30	overall	overall	ADJ
foster-181	143	31	process	process	NOUN
foster-181	143	32	of	of	ADP
foster-181	143	33	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	143	34	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	143	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	144	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	144	2	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	144	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	144	4	may	may	AUX
foster-181	144	5	have	have	VERB
foster-181	144	6	varying	vary	VERB
foster-181	144	7	levels	level	NOUN
foster-181	144	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	144	9	predictive	predictive	ADJ
foster-181	144	10	power	power	NOUN
foster-181	144	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	144	12	distinct	distinct	ADJ
foster-181	144	13	relationships	relationship	NOUN
foster-181	144	14	with	with	ADP
foster-181	144	15	broader	broad	ADJ
foster-181	144	16	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	144	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	144	18	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	144	19	as	as	ADP
foster-181	144	20	those	those	PRON
foster-181	144	21	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	144	22	the	the	DET
foster-181	144	23	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	144	24	in	in	ADP
foster-181	144	25	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	144	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	145	1	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	145	2	on	on	ADP
foster-181	145	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	145	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	145	5	is	be	AUX
foster-181	145	6	deeply	deeply	ADV
foster-181	145	7	connected	connect	VERB
foster-181	145	8	to	to	ADP
foster-181	145	9	sociopolitical	sociopolitical	ADJ
foster-181	145	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	145	11	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
foster-181	145	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	145	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	145	14	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
foster-181	145	15	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	145	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	146	1	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	146	2	individuals	individual	NOUN
foster-181	146	3	often	often	ADV
foster-181	146	4	assign	assign	VERB
foster-181	146	5	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	146	6	meanings	meaning	NOUN
foster-181	146	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	146	8	values	value	NOUN
foster-181	146	9	to	to	ADP
foster-181	146	10	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	146	11	within	within	ADP
foster-181	146	12	these	these	DET
foster-181	146	13	contexts	contexts	NOUN
foster-181	146	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	147	1	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	147	2	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	147	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	147	4	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	147	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	147	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	147	7	—	—	PUNCT
foster-181	147	8	its	its	PRON
foster-181	147	9	status	status	NOUN
foster-181	147	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	147	11	prestige	prestige	NOUN
foster-181	147	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	147	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	147	14	associated	associated	ADJ
foster-181	147	15	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	147	16	—	—	PUNCT
foster-181	147	17	significantly	significantly	ADV
foster-181	147	18	influence	influence	VERB
foster-181	147	19	their	their	PRON
foster-181	147	20	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	147	21	process	process	NOUN
foster-181	147	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	147	23	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
foster-181	147	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	148	1	according	accord	VERB
foster-181	148	2	to	to	ADP
foster-181	148	3	ellis	ellis	PROPN
foster-181	148	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	148	5	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	148	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	148	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	8	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	148	9	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	148	10	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	148	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	148	12	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	148	13	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	148	14	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
foster-181	148	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	16	including	include	VERB
foster-181	148	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	148	18	target	target	NOUN
foster-181	148	19	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	148	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	21	its	its	PRON
foster-181	148	22	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	148	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	148	24	culture	culture	NOUN
foster-181	148	25	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	26	the	the	DET
foster-181	148	27	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	148	28	value	value	NOUN
foster-181	148	29	of	of	ADP
foster-181	148	30	acquiring	acquire	VERB
foster-181	148	31	the	the	DET
foster-181	148	32	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	148	33	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	34	the	the	DET
foster-181	148	35	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	148	36	uses	use	NOUN
foster-181	148	37	of	of	ADP
foster-181	148	38	the	the	DET
foster-181	148	39	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	148	40	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	41	their	their	PRON
foster-181	148	42	self	self	NOUN
foster-181	148	43	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	148	44	perception	perception	NOUN
foster-181	148	45	as	as	ADP
foster-181	148	46	members	member	NOUN
foster-181	148	47	of	of	ADP
foster-181	148	48	their	their	PRON
foster-181	148	49	culture	culture	NOUN
foster-181	148	50	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	51	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	148	52	preferences	preference	NOUN
foster-181	148	53	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	148	54	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	148	55	even	even	ADV
foster-181	148	56	the	the	DET
foster-181	148	57	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	148	58	of	of	ADP
foster-181	148	59	their	their	PRON
foster-181	148	60	parents	parent	NOUN
foster-181	148	61	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	148	62	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	148	63	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	148	64	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	149	1	gardner	gardner	NOUN
foster-181	149	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	149	3	1985	1985	NUM
foster-181	149	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	149	5	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
foster-181	149	6	between	between	ADP
foster-181	149	7	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	149	8	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	149	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	149	10	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	149	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	149	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	150	1	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	150	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	150	3	focus	focus	VERB
foster-181	150	4	on	on	ADP
foster-181	150	5	aspects	aspect	NOUN
foster-181	150	6	directly	directly	ADV
foster-181	150	7	related	relate	VERB
foster-181	150	8	to	to	ADP
foster-181	150	9	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	150	10	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	150	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	150	12	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	150	13	as	as	ADP
foster-181	150	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	150	15	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	150	16	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	150	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	150	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	150	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	150	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	150	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
foster-181	150	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	150	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	150	24	the	the	DET
foster-181	150	25	course	course	NOUN
foster-181	150	26	structure	structure	NOUN
foster-181	150	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	151	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	151	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
foster-181	151	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	151	4	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	151	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	151	6	pertain	pertain	VERB
foster-181	151	7	to	to	ADP
foster-181	151	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	151	9	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	151	10	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	151	11	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	151	12	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	151	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	151	14	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	151	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	151	16	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	151	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	151	18	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	151	19	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	151	20	3	3	NUM
foster-181	151	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	151	22	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	151	23	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	151	24	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	151	25	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	151	26	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	151	27	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	151	28	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	151	29	-	-	SYM
foster-181	151	30	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	151	31	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	151	32	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	151	33	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	151	34	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	151	35	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	151	36	-	-	SYM
foster-181	151	37	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	151	38	198	198	NUM
foster-181	151	39	cultural	cultural	ADJ
foster-181	151	40	implications	implication	NOUN
foster-181	151	41	of	of	ADP
foster-181	151	42	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	151	43	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	151	44	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	151	45	encompassing	encompass	VERB
foster-181	151	46	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	151	47	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	151	48	ethnocentrism	ethnocentrism	NOUN
foster-181	151	49	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	151	50	cultural	cultural	ADJ
foster-181	151	51	identity	identity	NOUN
foster-181	151	52	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	151	53	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	151	54	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	151	55	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	151	56	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	152	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
foster-181	152	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	152	3	a	a	DET
foster-181	152	4	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	152	5	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	152	6	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	152	7	a	a	DET
foster-181	152	8	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	152	9	does	do	AUX
foster-181	152	10	not	not	PART
foster-181	152	11	always	always	ADV
foster-181	152	12	translate	translate	VERB
foster-181	152	13	into	into	ADP
foster-181	152	14	a	a	DET
foster-181	152	15	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	152	16	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	152	17	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	152	18	its	its	PRON
foster-181	152	19	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	152	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	152	21	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	152	22	vice	vice	ADV
foster-181	152	23	versa	versa	ADV
foster-181	152	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	153	1	edwards	edwards	PROPN
foster-181	153	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	153	3	1985	1985	NUM
foster-181	153	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	153	5	notes	note	VERB
foster-181	153	6	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	153	7	individuals	individual	NOUN
foster-181	153	8	may	may	AUX
foster-181	153	9	highly	highly	ADV
foster-181	153	10	value	value	VERB
foster-181	153	11	a	a	DET
foster-181	153	12	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	153	13	yet	yet	ADV
foster-181	153	14	hold	hold	VERB
foster-181	153	15	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	153	16	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	153	17	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	153	18	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	153	19	it	it	PRON
foster-181	153	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	153	21	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	153	22	conversely	conversely	ADV
foster-181	153	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	153	24	may	may	AUX
foster-181	153	25	regard	regard	VERB
foster-181	153	26	a	a	DET
foster-181	153	27	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	153	28	unfavorably	unfavorably	ADV
foster-181	153	29	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	153	30	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
foster-181	153	31	its	its	PRON
foster-181	153	32	necessity	necessity	NOUN
foster-181	153	33	for	for	ADP
foster-181	153	34	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	153	35	purposes	purpose	NOUN
foster-181	153	36	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	154	1	understanding	understanding	NOUN
foster-181	154	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	154	3	measuring	measure	VERB
foster-181	154	4	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	154	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	154	6	is	be	AUX
foster-181	154	7	essential	essential	ADJ
foster-181	154	8	for	for	ADP
foster-181	154	9	effective	effective	ADJ
foster-181	154	10	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	154	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
foster-181	154	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	154	13	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	154	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	155	1	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	155	2	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	155	3	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	155	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	155	5	can	can	AUX
foster-181	155	6	stem	stem	VERB
foster-181	155	7	from	from	ADP
foster-181	155	8	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	155	9	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	155	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	155	11	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	155	12	as	as	ADP
foster-181	155	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	155	14	perceived	perceive	VERB
foster-181	155	15	ease	ease	NOUN
foster-181	155	16	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	155	17	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
foster-181	155	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	155	19	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	155	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	155	21	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	155	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	155	23	its	its	PRON
foster-181	155	24	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	155	25	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	155	26	elegance	elegance	NOUN
foster-181	155	27	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	155	28	or	or	CCONJ
foster-181	155	29	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	155	30	status	status	NOUN
foster-181	155	31	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	155	32	as	as	ADV
foster-181	155	33	well	well	ADV
foster-181	155	34	as	as	ADP
foster-181	155	35	feelings	feeling	NOUN
foster-181	155	36	about	about	ADP
foster-181	155	37	its	its	PRON
foster-181	155	38	speakers	speaker	NOUN
foster-181	155	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	156	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	156	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	156	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	156	4	in	in	ADP
foster-181	156	5	turn	turn	NOUN
foster-181	156	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	156	7	shape	shape	NOUN
foster-181	156	8	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	156	9	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	156	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	156	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	156	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
foster-181	156	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	156	14	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
foster-181	156	15	influencing	influence	VERB
foster-181	156	16	their	their	PRON
foster-181	156	17	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	156	18	in	in	ADP
foster-181	156	19	acquiring	acquire	VERB
foster-181	156	20	a	a	DET
foster-181	156	21	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	156	22	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	156	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	157	1	methods	method	NOUN
foster-181	157	2	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	157	3	design	design	NOUN
foster-181	157	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	157	5	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	157	7	being	be	AUX
foster-181	157	8	an	an	DET
foster-181	157	9	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
foster-181	157	10	orientation	orientation	NOUN
foster-181	157	11	that	that	PRON
foster-181	157	12	examines	examine	VERB
foster-181	157	13	broad	broad	ADJ
foster-181	157	14	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	157	15	complex	complex	ADJ
foster-181	157	16	issues	issue	NOUN
foster-181	157	17	requires	require	VERB
foster-181	157	18	a	a	DET
foster-181	157	19	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	157	20	method	method	NOUN
foster-181	157	21	that	that	PRON
foster-181	157	22	is	be	AUX
foster-181	157	23	highly	highly	ADV
foster-181	157	24	selective	selective	ADJ
foster-181	157	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	157	26	varied	varied	ADJ
foster-181	157	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	158	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
foster-181	158	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	158	3	this	this	DET
foster-181	158	4	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	158	5	integrated	integrate	VERB
foster-181	158	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	158	7	adopts	adopt	VERB
foster-181	158	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
foster-181	158	9	concepts	concept	NOUN
foster-181	158	10	from	from	ADP
foster-181	158	11	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	158	12	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	158	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	158	14	applied	applied	ADJ
foster-181	158	15	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	158	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	158	17	corresponding	correspond	VERB
foster-181	158	18	fields	field	NOUN
foster-181	158	19	into	into	ADP
foster-181	158	20	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	158	21	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	158	22	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	158	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	158	24	its	its	PRON
foster-181	158	25	connection	connection	NOUN
foster-181	158	26	to	to	PART
foster-181	158	27	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	158	28	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	159	1	a	a	DET
foster-181	159	2	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	159	3	was	be	AUX
foster-181	159	4	designed	design	VERB
foster-181	159	5	to	to	PART
foster-181	159	6	collect	collect	VERB
foster-181	159	7	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
foster-181	159	8	data	datum	NOUN
foster-181	159	9	to	to	PART
foster-181	159	10	investigate	investigate	VERB
foster-181	159	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	159	12	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	159	13	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	159	14	esl	esl	PROPN
foster-181	159	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	160	1	using	use	VERB
foster-181	160	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	160	3	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	160	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	160	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	160	6	researcher	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	160	7	remains	remain	VERB
foster-181	160	8	neutral	neutral	ADJ
foster-181	160	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	160	10	administering	administer	VERB
foster-181	160	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	160	12	survey	survey	NOUN
foster-181	160	13	without	without	ADP
foster-181	160	14	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
foster-181	160	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	161	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	161	2	method	method	NOUN
foster-181	161	3	used	use	VERB
foster-181	161	4	by	by	ADP
foster-181	161	5	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
foster-181	161	6	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	161	7	was	be	AUX
foster-181	161	8	followed	follow	VERB
foster-181	161	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	161	10	this	this	DET
foster-181	161	11	methodology	methodology	NOUN
foster-181	161	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	162	1	first	first	ADV
foster-181	162	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	162	3	we	we	PRON
foster-181	162	4	identified	identify	VERB
foster-181	162	5	a	a	DET
foster-181	162	6	problem	problem	NOUN
foster-181	162	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	162	8	set	set	VERB
foster-181	162	9	an	an	DET
foster-181	162	10	initial	initial	ADJ
foster-181	162	11	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
foster-181	162	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	162	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	162	14	collected	collect	VERB
foster-181	162	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	162	16	analyzed	analyze	VERB
foster-181	162	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	162	18	empirical	empirical	ADJ
foster-181	162	19	data	datum	NOUN
foster-181	162	20	to	to	PART
foster-181	162	21	test	test	VERB
foster-181	162	22	the	the	DET
foster-181	162	23	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
foster-181	162	24	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	162	25	theories	theory	NOUN
foster-181	162	26	with	with	ADP
foster-181	162	27	standardized	standardized	ADJ
foster-181	162	28	procedures	procedure	NOUN
foster-181	162	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	163	1	since	since	SCONJ
foster-181	163	2	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	163	3	are	be	AUX
foster-181	163	4	not	not	PART
foster-181	163	5	easily	easily	ADV
foster-181	163	6	observed	observe	VERB
foster-181	163	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	163	8	applying	apply	VERB
foster-181	163	9	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
foster-181	163	10	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	163	11	using	use	VERB
foster-181	163	12	a	a	DET
foster-181	163	13	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	163	14	was	be	AUX
foster-181	163	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	163	16	best	good	ADJ
foster-181	163	17	option	option	NOUN
foster-181	163	18	for	for	ADP
foster-181	163	19	this	this	DET
foster-181	163	20	empirical	empirical	ADJ
foster-181	163	21	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	163	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	164	1	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	164	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	164	3	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	164	4	‘s	‘s	PRON
foster-181	164	5	population	population	NOUN
foster-181	164	6	is	be	AUX
foster-181	164	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	164	8	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	164	9	institute	institute	PROPN
foster-181	164	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	164	11	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	164	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	164	13	taking	take	VERB
foster-181	164	14	a	a	DET
foster-181	164	15	sample	sample	NOUN
foster-181	164	16	of	of	ADP
foster-181	164	17	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	164	18	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	164	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	165	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
foster-181	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	165	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	165	4	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	165	5	for	for	ADP
foster-181	165	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	165	7	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	165	8	were	be	AUX
foster-181	165	9	francophone	francophone	VERB
foster-181	165	10	by	by	ADP
foster-181	165	11	birth	birth	NOUN
foster-181	165	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	166	1	most	most	ADJ
foster-181	166	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	166	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	166	4	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	166	5	were	be	AUX
foster-181	166	6	from	from	ADP
foster-181	166	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	166	8	neighboring	neighbor	VERB
foster-181	166	9	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	166	10	countries	country	NOUN
foster-181	166	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	166	12	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	166	13	who	who	PRON
foster-181	166	14	intend	intend	VERB
foster-181	166	15	to	to	PART
foster-181	166	16	learn	learn	VERB
foster-181	166	17	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	166	18	from	from	ADP
foster-181	166	19	an	an	DET
foster-181	166	20	anglophone	anglophone	ADJ
foster-181	166	21	country	country	NOUN
foster-181	166	22	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	166	23	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	166	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	167	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	167	2	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	167	3	focused	focus	VERB
foster-181	167	4	on	on	ADP
foster-181	167	5	267	267	NUM
foster-181	167	6	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	167	7	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	167	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	167	9	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	167	10	institute	institute	PROPN
foster-181	167	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	167	12	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	167	13	obtaining	obtain	VERB
foster-181	167	14	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	167	15	programs	program	NOUN
foster-181	167	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	167	17	thus	thus	ADV
foster-181	167	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	167	19	certificate	certificate	NOUN
foster-181	167	20	courses	course	NOUN
foster-181	167	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	167	22	high	high	ADJ
foster-181	167	23	national	national	ADJ
foster-181	167	24	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
foster-181	167	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	167	26	degree	degree	NOUN
foster-181	167	27	courses	course	NOUN
foster-181	167	28	at	at	ADP
foster-181	167	29	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	167	30	levels	level	NOUN
foster-181	167	31	of	of	ADP
foster-181	167	32	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	167	33	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	168	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	168	2	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	168	3	at	at	ADP
foster-181	168	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	168	5	school	school	NOUN
foster-181	168	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	168	7	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	168	8	were	be	AUX
foster-181	168	9	already	already	ADV
foster-181	168	10	tested	test	VERB
foster-181	168	11	through	through	ADP
foster-181	168	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	168	13	institute	institute	PROPN
foster-181	168	14	placement	placement	NOUN
foster-181	168	15	test	test	NOUN
foster-181	168	16	before	before	ADP
foster-181	168	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	168	18	commencement	commencement	NOUN
foster-181	168	19	of	of	ADP
foster-181	168	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	168	21	course	course	NOUN
foster-181	168	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	169	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	169	2	school	school	NOUN
foster-181	169	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	169	4	bilingual	bilingual	PROPN
foster-181	169	5	secretaryship	secretaryship	PROPN
foster-181	169	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	169	7	school	school	NOUN
foster-181	169	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	169	9	translators	translator	NOUN
foster-181	169	10	is	be	AUX
foster-181	169	11	a	a	DET
foster-181	169	12	progressive	progressive	ADJ
foster-181	169	13	yearly	yearly	ADJ
foster-181	169	14	program	program	NOUN
foster-181	169	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	170	1	thus	thus	ADV
foster-181	170	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	170	3	level	level	VERB
foster-181	170	4	100	100	NUM
foster-181	170	5	to	to	ADP
foster-181	170	6	300	300	NUM
foster-181	170	7	for	for	ADP
foster-181	170	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	170	9	school	school	NOUN
foster-181	170	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	170	11	bilingual	bilingual	PROPN
foster-181	170	12	secretaryship	secretaryship	PROPN
foster-181	170	13	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	170	14	level	level	NOUN
foster-181	170	15	100‘s	100‘s	NUM
foster-181	170	16	are	be	AUX
foster-181	170	17	in	in	ADP
foster-181	170	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	170	19	first	first	ADJ
foster-181	170	20	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	170	21	of	of	ADP
foster-181	170	22	their	their	PRON
foster-181	170	23	course	course	NOUN
foster-181	170	24	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	170	25	level	level	NOUN
foster-181	170	26	200	200	NUM
foster-181	170	27	in	in	ADP
foster-181	170	28	the	the	DET
foster-181	170	29	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	170	30	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	170	31	of	of	ADP
foster-181	170	32	the	the	DET
foster-181	170	33	course	course	NOUN
foster-181	170	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	170	35	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	170	36	level	level	VERB
foster-181	170	37	300	300	NUM
foster-181	170	38	in	in	ADP
foster-181	170	39	their	their	PRON
foster-181	170	40	final	final	ADJ
foster-181	170	41	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	170	42	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	171	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
foster-181	171	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	171	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	171	4	school	school	NOUN
foster-181	171	5	of	of	ADP
foster-181	171	6	translators	translator	NOUN
foster-181	171	7	has	have	VERB
foster-181	171	8	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	171	9	from	from	ADP
foster-181	171	10	levels	level	NOUN
foster-181	171	11	100	100	NUM
foster-181	171	12	to	to	PART
foster-181	171	13	400	400	NUM
foster-181	171	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	172	1	apart	apart	ADV
foster-181	172	2	from	from	ADP
foster-181	172	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	172	4	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	172	5	possessing	possess	VERB
foster-181	172	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	172	7	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
foster-181	172	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	172	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	172	10	purpose	purpose	NOUN
foster-181	172	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	172	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	172	13	investigation	investigation	NOUN
foster-181	172	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	172	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	172	16	researcher	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	172	17	has	have	VERB
foster-181	172	18	good	good	ADJ
foster-181	172	19	contact	contact	NOUN
foster-181	172	20	with	with	ADP
foster-181	172	21	the	the	DET
foster-181	172	22	population	population	NOUN
foster-181	172	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	173	1	results	result	VERB
foster-181	173	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	173	3	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	173	4	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	173	5	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	173	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	7	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	173	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	173	9	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	173	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	173	11	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	173	12	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	173	13	3	3	NUM
foster-181	173	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	173	15	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	173	16	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	173	17	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	173	18	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	173	19	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	173	20	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	173	21	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	173	22	-	-	SYM
foster-181	173	23	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	173	24	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	173	25	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	173	26	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	173	27	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	173	28	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	173	29	-	-	SYM
foster-181	173	30	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	173	31	199	199	NUM
foster-181	173	32	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	173	33	of	of	ADP
foster-181	173	34	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	35	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	173	36	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	37	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	173	38	are	be	AUX
foster-181	173	39	shown	show	VERB
foster-181	173	40	based	base	VERB
foster-181	173	41	on	on	ADP
foster-181	173	42	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	43	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	173	44	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	173	45	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	46	collected	collect	VERB
foster-181	173	47	data	datum	NOUN
foster-181	173	48	were	be	AUX
foster-181	173	49	cautiously	cautiously	ADV
foster-181	173	50	coded	code	VERB
foster-181	173	51	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	173	52	entered	enter	VERB
foster-181	173	53	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	54	software	software	NOUN
foster-181	173	55	package	package	NOUN
foster-181	173	56	spss	spss	PROPN
foster-181	173	57	v	v	ADP
foster-181	173	58	21	21	NUM
foster-181	173	59	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	173	60	to	to	PART
foster-181	173	61	analyze	analyze	VERB
foster-181	173	62	the	the	DET
foster-181	173	63	data	datum	NOUN
foster-181	173	64	collected	collect	VERB
foster-181	173	65	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	173	66	we	we	PRON
foster-181	173	67	conducted	conduct	VERB
foster-181	173	68	various	various	ADJ
foster-181	173	69	analyses	analysis	NOUN
foster-181	173	70	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	173	71	including	include	VERB
foster-181	173	72	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
foster-181	173	73	statistics	statistic	NOUN
foster-181	173	74	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	173	75	correlations	correlation	NOUN
foster-181	173	76	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	173	77	anovas	anovas	NOUN
foster-181	173	78	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	174	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	174	2	general	general	ADJ
foster-181	174	3	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	174	4	data	datum	NOUN
foster-181	174	5	of	of	ADP
foster-181	174	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	174	7	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	174	8	are	be	AUX
foster-181	174	9	presented	present	VERB
foster-181	174	10	below	below	ADP
foster-181	174	11	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	174	12	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	174	13	1	1	NUM
foster-181	174	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	175	1	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	175	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	175	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	175	4	respondent	respondent	ADJ
foster-181	175	5	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	175	6	frequency	frequency	NOUN
foster-181	175	7	percentage	percentage	NOUN
foster-181	175	8	female	female	NOUN
foster-181	175	9	156	156	NUM
foster-181	175	10	58.40	58.40	NUM
foster-181	175	11	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	175	12	male	male	NOUN
foster-181	175	13	111	111	NUM
foster-181	175	14	41.60	41.60	NUM
foster-181	175	15	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	175	16	total	total	NOUN
foster-181	175	17	267	267	NUM
foster-181	175	18	100	100	NUM
foster-181	175	19	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	175	20	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	175	21	1	1	NUM
foster-181	175	22	shows	show	VERB
foster-181	175	23	the	the	DET
foster-181	175	24	sample	sample	NOUN
foster-181	175	25	distribution	distribution	NOUN
foster-181	175	26	by	by	ADP
foster-181	175	27	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	175	28	of	of	ADP
foster-181	175	29	the	the	DET
foster-181	175	30	respondent	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	175	31	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	175	32	indicating	indicate	VERB
foster-181	175	33	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	175	34	58.40	58.40	NUM
foster-181	175	35	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	175	36	are	be	AUX
foster-181	175	37	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	175	38	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	175	39	41.60	41.60	NUM
foster-181	175	40	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	175	41	are	be	AUX
foster-181	175	42	males	male	NOUN
foster-181	175	43	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	176	1	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	176	2	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	176	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	176	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	176	5	respondent	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	176	6	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	176	7	2	2	NUM
foster-181	176	8	shows	show	VERB
foster-181	176	9	the	the	DET
foster-181	176	10	sample	sample	NOUN
foster-181	176	11	distribution	distribution	NOUN
foster-181	176	12	by	by	ADP
foster-181	176	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	176	14	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	176	15	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	176	16	of	of	ADP
foster-181	176	17	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	176	18	as	as	ADP
foster-181	176	19	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	176	20	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	176	21	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	176	22	from	from	ADP
foster-181	176	23	16	16	NUM
foster-181	176	24	-20	-20	PUNCT
foster-181	176	25	represents	represent	VERB
foster-181	176	26	37.50	37.50	NUM
foster-181	176	27	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	176	28	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	176	29	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	176	30	2125	2125	NUM
foster-181	176	31	represents	represent	VERB
foster-181	176	32	53.60	53.60	NUM
foster-181	176	33	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	176	34	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	177	1	again	again	ADV
foster-181	177	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	177	3	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	177	4	with	with	ADP
foster-181	177	5	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	177	6	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	177	7	between	between	ADP
foster-181	177	8	26	26	NUM
foster-181	177	9	30	30	NUM
foster-181	177	10	represent	represent	VERB
foster-181	177	11	7.50	7.50	NUM
foster-181	177	12	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	177	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	177	14	with	with	ADP
foster-181	177	15	ages	age	NOUN
foster-181	177	16	from	from	ADP
foster-181	177	17	31	31	NUM
foster-181	177	18	35	35	NUM
foster-181	177	19	represent	represent	VERB
foster-181	177	20	1.5	1.5	NUM
foster-181	177	21	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	177	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	178	1	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	178	2	2	2	NUM
foster-181	178	3	.	.	X
foster-181	178	4	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	178	5	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	178	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	178	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	178	8	respondent	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	178	9	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	178	10	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	178	11	frequency	frequency	NOUN
foster-181	178	12	percentage	percentage	NOUN
foster-181	178	13	16	16	NUM
foster-181	178	14	-	-	SYM
foster-181	178	15	20	20	NUM
foster-181	178	16	100	100	NUM
foster-181	178	17	37.50	37.50	NUM
foster-181	178	18	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	178	19	21	21	NUM
foster-181	178	20	-	-	SYM
foster-181	178	21	25	25	NUM
foster-181	178	22	143	143	NUM
foster-181	178	23	53.60	53.60	NUM
foster-181	178	24	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	178	25	26	26	NUM
foster-181	178	26	-	-	SYM
foster-181	178	27	30	30	NUM
foster-181	178	28	20	20	NUM
foster-181	178	29	7.50	7.50	NUM
foster-181	178	30	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	178	31	31	31	NUM
foster-181	178	32	-	-	SYM
foster-181	178	33	35	35	NUM
foster-181	178	34	4	4	NUM
foster-181	178	35	1.50	1.50	NUM
foster-181	178	36	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	178	37	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	178	38	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	178	39	esl	esl	PROPN
foster-181	178	40	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	178	41	3	3	NUM
foster-181	178	42	shows	show	VERB
foster-181	178	43	the	the	DET
foster-181	178	44	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	178	45	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	178	46	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	178	47	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	178	48	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	178	49	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	179	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	179	2	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	179	3	reaches	reach	VERB
foster-181	179	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	179	5	mean	mean	ADJ
foster-181	179	6	value	value	NOUN
foster-181	179	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	179	8	4.36	4.36	NUM
foster-181	179	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	179	10	a	a	DET
foster-181	179	11	standard	standard	ADJ
foster-181	179	12	deviation	deviation	NOUN
foster-181	179	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	179	14	.58	.58	NUM
foster-181	179	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	179	16	which	which	PRON
foster-181	179	17	signifies	signify	VERB
foster-181	179	18	a	a	DET
foster-181	179	19	high	high	ADJ
foster-181	179	20	degree	degree	NOUN
foster-181	179	21	of	of	ADP
foster-181	179	22	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	179	23	in	in	ADP
foster-181	179	24	our	our	PRON
foster-181	179	25	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	179	26	1	1	NUM
foster-181	179	27	-	-	SYM
foster-181	179	28	5	5	NUM
foster-181	179	29	scale	scale	NOUN
foster-181	179	30	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	179	31	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	180	1	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	180	2	3	3	NUM
foster-181	180	3	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	180	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	180	5	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	180	6	esl	esl	PROPN
foster-181	180	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	180	8	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	180	9	esl	esl	PROPN
foster-181	180	10	valid	valid	NOUN
foster-181	180	11	267	267	NUM
foster-181	180	12	missing	miss	VERB
foster-181	180	13	0.0	0.0	NUM
foster-181	180	14	mean	mean	NOUN
foster-181	180	15	4.36	4.36	NUM
foster-181	180	16	st	st	PROPN
foster-181	180	17	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	180	18	deviation	deviation	NOUN
foster-181	181	1	0.58	0.58	NUM
foster-181	181	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	182	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	182	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	182	3	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	182	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	182	5	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	182	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	182	7	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	182	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	182	9	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	182	10	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	182	11	3	3	NUM
foster-181	182	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	182	13	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	182	14	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	182	15	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	182	16	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	182	17	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	182	18	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	182	19	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	182	20	-	-	SYM
foster-181	182	21	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	182	22	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	182	23	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	182	24	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	182	25	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	182	26	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	182	27	-	-	SYM
foster-181	182	28	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	182	29	200	200	NUM
foster-181	182	30	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	182	31	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	182	32	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	182	33	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	182	34	according	accord	VERB
foster-181	182	35	to	to	ADP
foster-181	182	36	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	182	37	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	182	38	4	4	NUM
foster-181	182	39	indicated	indicate	VERB
foster-181	182	40	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	182	41	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	182	42	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	182	43	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	182	44	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	182	45	the	the	DET
foster-181	182	46	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	182	47	variables	variable	NOUN
foster-181	182	48	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	182	49	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	182	50	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	183	1	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	183	2	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	183	3	have	have	VERB
foster-181	183	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	183	5	m	m	VERB
foster-181	183	6	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	183	7	4.46	4.46	NUM
foster-181	183	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	183	9	sd=0.36	sd=0.36	NOUN
foster-181	183	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	183	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	183	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	183	13	male	male	ADJ
foster-181	183	14	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	183	15	with	with	ADP
foster-181	183	16	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	183	17	m=4.21	m=4.21	NOUN
foster-181	183	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	183	19	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	183	20	=	=	SYM
foster-181	183	21	0.77	0.77	NUM
foster-181	183	22	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	183	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	183	24	the	the	DET
foster-181	183	25	anova	anova	X
foster-181	183	26	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	183	27	f(1,265=13.001(p<0.000	f(1,265=13.001(p<0.000	PROPN
foster-181	183	28	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	183	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	184	1	n	n	PROPN
foster-181	184	2	is	be	AUX
foster-181	184	3	number	number	NOUN
foster-181	184	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	184	5	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	184	6	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	185	1	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	185	2	4	4	NUM
foster-181	185	3	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	185	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	185	5	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	185	6	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	185	7	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	185	8	according	accord	VERB
foster-181	185	9	to	to	ADP
foster-181	185	10	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	185	11	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	185	12	n	n	PRON
foster-181	185	13	mean	mean	VERB
foster-181	185	14	std	std	NOUN
foster-181	185	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	186	1	deviation	deviation	NOUN
foster-181	186	2	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	186	3	156	156	NUM
foster-181	186	4	4.46	4.46	NUM
foster-181	186	5	.36	.36	NUM
foster-181	186	6	male	male	NOUN
foster-181	186	7	111	111	NUM
foster-181	186	8	4.21	4.21	NUM
foster-181	186	9	.77	.77	NUM
foster-181	186	10	total	total	NOUN
foster-181	186	11	267	267	NUM
foster-181	186	12	4.36	4.36	NUM
foster-181	186	13	.58	.58	NUM
foster-181	186	14	relation	relation	NOUN
foster-181	186	15	between	between	ADP
foster-181	186	16	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	186	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	186	18	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	186	19	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	186	20	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	186	21	5	5	NUM
foster-181	186	22	reports	report	NOUN
foster-181	186	23	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	186	24	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	186	25	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	186	26	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	186	27	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	186	28	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	186	29	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	187	1	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	187	2	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	187	3	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	187	4	have	have	VERB
foster-181	187	5	16	16	NUM
foster-181	187	6	-	-	SYM
foster-181	187	7	20	20	NUM
foster-181	187	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	187	9	m=4.39	m=4.39	NOUN
foster-181	187	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	187	11	sd=.45	sd=.45	NOUN
foster-181	187	12	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	187	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	187	14	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	187	15	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	187	16	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	187	17	21	21	NUM
foster-181	187	18	-	-	SYM
foster-181	187	19	25	25	NUM
foster-181	187	20	have	have	AUX
foster-181	187	21	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	187	22	m=4.37	m=4.37	NOUN
foster-181	187	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	187	24	sd=.58	sd=.58	PROPN
foster-181	187	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	188	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	188	2	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	188	3	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	188	4	26	26	NUM
foster-181	188	5	-	-	SYM
foster-181	188	6	30	30	NUM
foster-181	188	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	188	8	m=4.24	m=4.24	NOUN
foster-181	188	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	188	10	sd=.78	sd=.78	PROPN
foster-181	188	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	188	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	188	13	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	188	14	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	188	15	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	188	16	31	31	NUM
foster-181	188	17	-	-	SYM
foster-181	188	18	35	35	NUM
foster-181	188	19	has	have	VERB
foster-181	188	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	188	21	lowest	low	ADJ
foster-181	188	22	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	188	23	which	which	PRON
foster-181	188	24	is	be	AUX
foster-181	188	25	within	within	ADP
foster-181	188	26	the	the	DET
foster-181	188	27	moderate	moderate	ADJ
foster-181	188	28	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	188	29	in	in	ADP
foster-181	188	30	our	our	PRON
foster-181	188	31	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	188	32	1	1	NUM
foster-181	188	33	-	-	SYM
foster-181	188	34	5	5	NUM
foster-181	188	35	scale	scale	NOUN
foster-181	188	36	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	188	37	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	189	1	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	189	2	5	5	NUM
foster-181	189	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	189	4	relation	relation	NOUN
foster-181	189	5	between	between	ADP
foster-181	189	6	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	189	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	189	8	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	189	9	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	189	10	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	189	11	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	189	12	n	n	CCONJ
foster-181	189	13	mean	mean	VERB
foster-181	189	14	std	std	X
foster-181	189	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	190	1	deviation	deviation	NOUN
foster-181	190	2	16	16	NUM
foster-181	190	3	-	-	SYM
foster-181	190	4	20	20	NUM
foster-181	190	5	100	100	NUM
foster-181	190	6	4.39	4.39	NUM
foster-181	190	7	.45	.45	NUM
foster-181	190	8	21	21	NUM
foster-181	190	9	-	-	SYM
foster-181	190	10	25	25	NUM
foster-181	190	11	43	43	NUM
foster-181	190	12	4.37	4.37	NUM
foster-181	190	13	.58	.58	NUM
foster-181	190	14	26	26	NUM
foster-181	190	15	-	-	SYM
foster-181	190	16	30	30	NUM
foster-181	190	17	20	20	NUM
foster-181	190	18	4.24	4.24	NUM
foster-181	190	19	.78	.78	NUM
foster-181	190	20	31	31	NUM
foster-181	190	21	-	-	SYM
foster-181	190	22	35	35	NUM
foster-181	190	23	34	34	NUM
foster-181	190	24	3.65	3.65	NUM
foster-181	190	25	1.55	1.55	NUM
foster-181	190	26	total	total	NOUN
foster-181	190	27	267	267	NUM
foster-181	190	28	4.36	4.36	NUM
foster-181	190	29	.58	.58	NUM
foster-181	190	30	multiple	multiple	ADJ
foster-181	190	31	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
foster-181	190	32	between	between	ADP
foster-181	190	33	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	190	34	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	190	35	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	190	36	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	190	37	the	the	DET
foster-181	190	38	anova	anova	PROPN
foster-181	190	39	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	190	40	show	show	VERB
foster-181	190	41	no	no	DET
foster-181	190	42	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	190	43	difference	difference	NOUN
foster-181	190	44	between	between	ADP
foster-181	190	45	the	the	DET
foster-181	190	46	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	190	47	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	190	48	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	190	49	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	190	50	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	190	51	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	190	52	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	190	53	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	190	54	f	f	X
foster-181	190	55	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	190	56	3,263	3,263	NUM
foster-181	190	57	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	190	58	=	=	SYM
foster-181	190	59	2.44	2.44	NUM
foster-181	190	60	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	190	61	p=.064	p=.064	NOUN
foster-181	190	62	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	190	63	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	191	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	191	2	addition	addition	NOUN
foster-181	191	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	191	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	191	5	multiple	multiple	ADJ
foster-181	191	6	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
foster-181	191	7	show	show	VERB
foster-181	191	8	no	no	DET
foster-181	191	9	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	191	10	difference	difference	NOUN
foster-181	191	11	between	between	ADP
foster-181	191	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	191	13	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	191	14	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	191	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	192	1	table	table	NOUN
foster-181	192	2	6	6	NUM
foster-181	192	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	193	1	multiple	multiple	ADJ
foster-181	193	2	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
foster-181	193	3	between	between	ADP
foster-181	193	4	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	193	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	193	6	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	193	7	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	193	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	193	9	i	i	NOUN
foster-181	193	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	193	11	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	193	12	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	193	13	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	193	14	j	j	NOUN
foster-181	193	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	193	16	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	193	17	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	193	18	mean	mean	NOUN
foster-181	193	19	difference	difference	NOUN
foster-181	193	20	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	193	21	i	i	PROPN
foster-181	193	22	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	193	23	j	j	PROPN
foster-181	193	24	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	193	25	sig	sig	NOUN
foster-181	193	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	194	1	16	16	NUM
foster-181	194	2	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	3	20	20	NUM
foster-181	194	4	21	21	NUM
foster-181	194	5	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	6	25	25	NUM
foster-181	194	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	8	01	01	NUM
foster-181	194	9	1,000	1,000	NUM
foster-181	194	10	26	26	NUM
foster-181	194	11	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	12	30	30	NUM
foster-181	194	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	14	15	15	NUM
foster-181	194	15	1,000	1,000	NUM
foster-181	194	16	31	31	NUM
foster-181	194	17	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	18	35	35	NUM
foster-181	194	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	20	74	74	NUM
foster-181	194	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	22	074	074	NUM
foster-181	194	23	21	21	NUM
foster-181	194	24	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	25	25	25	NUM
foster-181	194	26	16	16	NUM
foster-181	194	27	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	28	20	20	NUM
foster-181	194	29	-,01	-,01	NUM
foster-181	194	30	1,000	1,000	NUM
foster-181	194	31	26	26	NUM
foster-181	194	32	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	33	30	30	NUM
foster-181	194	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	35	13	13	NUM
foster-181	194	36	1,000	1,000	NUM
foster-181	194	37	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	194	38	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	194	39	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	194	40	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	194	41	the	the	DET
foster-181	194	42	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	194	43	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	194	44	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	194	45	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	46	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	194	47	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	194	48	3	3	NUM
foster-181	194	49	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	50	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	194	51	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	194	52	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	194	53	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	194	54	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	194	55	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	194	56	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	194	57	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	58	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	194	59	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	194	60	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	194	61	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	194	62	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	194	63	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	194	64	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	65	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	194	66	201	201	NUM
foster-181	194	67	31	31	NUM
foster-181	194	68	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	69	35	35	NUM
foster-181	194	70	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	71	72	72	NUM
foster-181	194	72	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	73	083	083	NUM
foster-181	194	74	26	26	NUM
foster-181	194	75	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	76	30	30	NUM
foster-181	194	77	16	16	NUM
foster-181	194	78	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	79	20	20	NUM
foster-181	194	80	-,15	-,15	NUM
foster-181	194	81	1,000	1,000	NUM
foster-181	194	82	21	21	NUM
foster-181	194	83	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	84	25	25	NUM
foster-181	194	85	-,13	-,13	NOUN
foster-181	194	86	1,000	1,000	NUM
foster-181	194	87	31	31	NUM
foster-181	194	88	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	89	35	35	NUM
foster-181	194	90	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	91	59	59	NUM
foster-181	194	92	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	93	382	382	NUM
foster-181	194	94	31	31	NUM
foster-181	194	95	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	96	35	35	NUM
foster-181	194	97	16	16	NUM
foster-181	194	98	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	99	20	20	NUM
foster-181	194	100	-,74	-,74	NOUN
foster-181	194	101	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	102	074	074	NUM
foster-181	194	103	21	21	NUM
foster-181	194	104	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	105	25	25	NUM
foster-181	194	106	-,72	-,72	PROPN
foster-181	194	107	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	108	083	083	NUM
foster-181	194	109	26	26	NUM
foster-181	194	110	-	-	SYM
foster-181	194	111	30	30	NUM
foster-181	194	112	-,59	-,59	NOUN
foster-181	194	113	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	114	382	382	NUM
foster-181	194	115	discussion	discussion	NOUN
foster-181	194	116	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	194	117	distribution	distribution	NOUN
foster-181	194	118	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	194	119	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	194	120	the	the	DET
foster-181	194	121	analysis	analysis	NOUN
foster-181	194	122	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	194	123	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	194	124	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	194	125	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	194	126	constituted	constitute	VERB
foster-181	194	127	the	the	DET
foster-181	194	128	majority	majority	NOUN
foster-181	194	129	of	of	ADP
foster-181	194	130	participants	participant	NOUN
foster-181	194	131	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	132	representing	represent	VERB
foster-181	194	133	58.40	58.40	NUM
foster-181	194	134	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	194	135	of	of	ADP
foster-181	194	136	the	the	DET
foster-181	194	137	sample	sample	NOUN
foster-181	194	138	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	194	139	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	194	140	males	male	NOUN
foster-181	194	141	accounted	account	VERB
foster-181	194	142	for	for	ADP
foster-181	194	143	41.60	41.60	NUM
foster-181	194	144	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	194	145	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	195	1	this	this	PRON
foster-181	195	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
foster-181	195	3	a	a	DET
foster-181	195	4	higher	high	ADJ
foster-181	195	5	level	level	NOUN
foster-181	195	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	195	7	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	195	8	participation	participation	NOUN
foster-181	195	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	195	10	the	the	DET
foster-181	195	11	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	195	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	196	1	notably	notably	ADV
foster-181	196	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	196	3	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	196	4	also	also	ADV
foster-181	196	5	emerged	emerge	VERB
foster-181	196	6	as	as	ADP
foster-181	196	7	a	a	DET
foster-181	196	8	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	196	9	variable	variable	NOUN
foster-181	196	10	influencing	influence	VERB
foster-181	196	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	196	12	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	196	13	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	196	14	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	196	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	197	1	female	female	ADJ
foster-181	197	2	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	197	3	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	197	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	197	5	higher	high	ADJ
foster-181	197	6	mean	mean	NOUN
foster-181	197	7	score	score	NOUN
foster-181	197	8	on	on	ADP
foster-181	197	9	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	197	10	measures	measure	NOUN
foster-181	197	11	compared	compare	VERB
foster-181	197	12	to	to	ADP
foster-181	197	13	their	their	PRON
foster-181	197	14	male	male	ADJ
foster-181	197	15	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
foster-181	197	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	197	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	197	18	this	this	DET
foster-181	197	19	difference	difference	NOUN
foster-181	197	20	was	be	AUX
foster-181	197	21	statistically	statistically	ADV
foster-181	197	22	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	197	23	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	197	24	f(1,265	f(1,265	NOUN
foster-181	197	25	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	197	26	=	=	SYM
foster-181	198	1	13.001	13.001	NUM
foster-181	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	198	3	p	p	X
foster-181	198	4	<	<	X
foster-181	198	5	0.000	0.000	NUM
foster-181	198	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	198	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	199	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	199	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	199	3	align	align	VERB
foster-181	199	4	with	with	ADP
foster-181	199	5	previous	previous	ADJ
foster-181	199	6	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	199	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	199	8	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
foster-181	199	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	199	10	burstall	burstall	NOUN
foster-181	199	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	199	12	1975	1975	NUM
foster-181	199	13	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	199	14	gardner	gardner	NOUN
foster-181	199	15	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	199	16	smythe	smythe	PROPN
foster-181	199	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	199	18	1975	1975	NUM
foster-181	199	19	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	199	20	powell	powell	PROPN
foster-181	199	21	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	199	22	littlewood	littlewood	PROPN
foster-181	199	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	199	24	1983	1983	NUM
foster-181	199	25	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	199	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	199	27	which	which	PRON
foster-181	199	28	has	have	AUX
foster-181	199	29	consistently	consistently	ADV
foster-181	199	30	shown	show	VERB
foster-181	199	31	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	199	32	females	female	NOUN
foster-181	199	33	tend	tend	VERB
foster-181	199	34	to	to	PART
foster-181	199	35	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	199	36	more	more	ADV
foster-181	199	37	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	199	38	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	199	39	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	199	40	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	199	41	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	199	42	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	199	43	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	200	1	ellis	ellis	PROPN
foster-181	200	2	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	200	3	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	200	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	200	5	attributed	attribute	VERB
foster-181	200	6	this	this	DET
foster-181	200	7	trend	trend	NOUN
foster-181	200	8	to	to	ADP
foster-181	200	9	females	female	NOUN
foster-181	200	10	'	'	PART
foster-181	200	11	greater	great	ADJ
foster-181	200	12	openness	openness	NOUN
foster-181	200	13	to	to	ADP
foster-181	200	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	200	15	forms	form	NOUN
foster-181	200	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	200	17	their	their	PRON
foster-181	200	18	investment	investment	NOUN
foster-181	200	19	in	in	ADP
foster-181	200	20	acquiring	acquire	VERB
foster-181	200	21	reading	read	VERB
foster-181	200	22	materials	material	NOUN
foster-181	200	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	201	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	201	2	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	201	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
foster-181	201	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	201	5	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	201	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	201	7	considering	consider	VERB
foster-181	201	8	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	201	9	as	as	ADP
foster-181	201	10	a	a	DET
foster-181	201	11	key	key	ADJ
foster-181	201	12	variable	variable	NOUN
foster-181	201	13	in	in	ADP
foster-181	201	14	understanding	understand	VERB
foster-181	201	15	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	201	16	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	201	17	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	201	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	201	19	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	201	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	202	1	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	202	2	distribution	distribution	NOUN
foster-181	202	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	202	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	202	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	202	6	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	202	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
foster-181	202	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	202	9	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	202	10	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	202	11	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	202	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	202	13	majority	majority	NOUN
foster-181	202	14	were	be	AUX
foster-181	202	15	within	within	ADP
foster-181	202	16	the	the	DET
foster-181	202	17	21	21	NUM
foster-181	202	18	-	-	SYM
foster-181	202	19	25	25	NUM
foster-181	202	20	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	202	21	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	202	22	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	202	23	53.60	53.60	NUM
foster-181	202	24	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	202	25	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	202	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	202	27	followed	follow	VERB
foster-181	202	28	by	by	ADP
foster-181	202	29	the	the	DET
foster-181	202	30	16	16	NUM
foster-181	202	31	-	-	SYM
foster-181	202	32	20	20	NUM
foster-181	202	33	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	202	34	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	202	35	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	202	36	37.50	37.50	NUM
foster-181	202	37	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	202	38	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	202	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	203	1	a	a	DET
foster-181	203	2	smaller	small	ADJ
foster-181	203	3	proportion	proportion	NOUN
foster-181	203	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	203	5	respondents	respondent	NOUN
foster-181	203	6	fell	fall	VERB
foster-181	203	7	into	into	ADP
foster-181	203	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	203	9	26	26	NUM
foster-181	203	10	-	-	SYM
foster-181	203	11	30	30	NUM
foster-181	203	12	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	203	13	7.50	7.50	NUM
foster-181	203	14	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	203	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	203	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	203	17	31	31	NUM
foster-181	203	18	-	-	SYM
foster-181	203	19	35	35	NUM
foster-181	203	20	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	203	21	1.50	1.50	NUM
foster-181	203	22	%	%	NOUN
foster-181	203	23	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	203	24	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	203	25	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	203	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	203	27	indicating	indicate	VERB
foster-181	203	28	a	a	DET
foster-181	203	29	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
foster-181	203	30	youthful	youthful	ADJ
foster-181	203	31	sample	sample	NOUN
foster-181	203	32	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	204	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
foster-181	204	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	204	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	204	4	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	204	5	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	204	6	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	204	7	varied	varied	ADJ
foster-181	204	8	with	with	ADP
foster-181	204	9	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	204	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	205	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	205	2	16	16	NUM
foster-181	205	3	-	-	SYM
foster-181	205	4	20	20	NUM
foster-181	205	5	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	205	6	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	205	7	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	205	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	205	9	most	most	ADV
foster-181	205	10	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	205	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	205	12	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	205	13	m	m	NOUN
foster-181	205	14	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	205	15	4.39	4.39	NUM
foster-181	205	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	205	17	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	205	18	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	205	19	0.45	0.45	NUM
foster-181	205	20	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	205	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	205	22	followed	follow	VERB
foster-181	205	23	closely	closely	ADV
foster-181	205	24	by	by	ADP
foster-181	205	25	the	the	DET
foster-181	205	26	21	21	NUM
foster-181	205	27	-	-	SYM
foster-181	205	28	25	25	NUM
foster-181	205	29	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	205	30	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	205	31	m	m	PROPN
foster-181	205	32	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	205	33	4.37	4.37	NUM
foster-181	205	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	205	35	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	205	36	=	=	SYM
foster-181	205	37	0.58	0.58	NUM
foster-181	205	38	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	205	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	206	1	older	old	ADJ
foster-181	206	2	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	206	3	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	206	5	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	206	6	as	as	ADP
foster-181	206	7	26	26	NUM
foster-181	206	8	-	-	SYM
foster-181	206	9	30	30	NUM
foster-181	206	10	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	206	11	m	m	PROPN
foster-181	206	12	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	206	13	4.24	4.24	NUM
foster-181	206	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	206	15	sd	sd	ADP
foster-181	206	16	=	=	SYM
foster-181	206	17	0.78	0.78	NUM
foster-181	206	18	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	206	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	206	20	31	31	NUM
foster-181	206	21	-	-	SYM
foster-181	206	22	35	35	NUM
foster-181	206	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	206	24	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	206	25	lower	low	ADJ
foster-181	206	26	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	206	27	scores	score	NOUN
foster-181	206	28	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	206	29	indicating	indicate	VERB
foster-181	206	30	a	a	DET
foster-181	206	31	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	206	32	correlation	correlation	NOUN
foster-181	206	33	between	between	ADP
foster-181	206	34	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	206	35	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	206	36	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	206	37	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	206	38	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	207	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	207	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	207	3	align	align	VERB
foster-181	207	4	with	with	ADP
foster-181	207	5	previous	previous	ADJ
foster-181	207	6	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	207	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	207	8	ellis	ellis	PROPN
foster-181	207	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	207	10	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	207	11	;	;	PUNCT
foster-181	207	12	singleton	singleton	PROPN
foster-181	207	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	207	14	2004	2004	NUM
foster-181	207	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	207	16	that	that	PRON
foster-181	207	17	suggest	suggest	VERB
foster-181	207	18	younger	young	ADJ
foster-181	207	19	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	207	20	tend	tend	VERB
foster-181	207	21	to	to	PART
foster-181	207	22	show	show	VERB
foster-181	207	23	more	more	ADJ
foster-181	207	24	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NOUN
foster-181	207	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	207	26	positivity	positivity	NOUN
foster-181	207	27	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	207	28	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	207	29	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	207	30	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	207	31	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	208	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	208	2	dynamism	dynamism	NOUN
foster-181	208	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	208	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	208	5	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	208	6	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	208	7	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	208	9	with	with	ADP
foster-181	208	10	its	its	PRON
foster-181	208	11	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
foster-181	208	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	208	13	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	208	14	diversity	diversity	NOUN
foster-181	208	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	208	16	adds	add	VERB
foster-181	208	17	a	a	DET
foster-181	208	18	novel	novel	ADJ
foster-181	208	19	dimension	dimension	NOUN
foster-181	208	20	to	to	ADP
foster-181	208	21	these	these	DET
foster-181	208	22	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	208	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	209	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	209	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	209	3	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	209	4	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	209	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	209	6	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	209	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	209	8	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	209	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	209	10	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	209	11	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	209	12	3	3	NUM
foster-181	209	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	209	14	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	209	15	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	209	16	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	209	17	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	209	18	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	209	19	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	209	20	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	209	21	-	-	SYM
foster-181	209	22	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	209	23	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	209	24	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	209	25	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	209	26	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	209	27	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	209	28	-	-	SYM
foster-181	209	29	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	209	30	202	202	NUM
foster-181	209	31	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	209	32	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	209	33	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	209	34	as	as	ADP
foster-181	209	35	a	a	DET
foster-181	209	36	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	209	37	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	209	38	the	the	DET
foster-181	209	39	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	209	40	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	209	41	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	209	42	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	209	43	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	209	44	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	209	45	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	209	46	at	at	ADP
foster-181	209	47	the	the	DET
foster-181	209	48	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	209	49	institute	institute	PROPN
foster-181	209	50	of	of	ADP
foster-181	209	51	languages	language	NOUN
foster-181	209	52	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	209	53	gil	gil	PROPN
foster-181	209	54	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	209	55	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	209	56	highly	highly	ADV
foster-181	209	57	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	209	58	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	209	59	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	209	60	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	209	61	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	209	62	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	209	63	with	with	ADP
foster-181	209	64	a	a	DET
foster-181	209	65	mean	mean	ADJ
foster-181	209	66	score	score	NOUN
foster-181	209	67	of	of	ADP
foster-181	209	68	4.36	4.36	NUM
foster-181	209	69	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	209	70	sd	sd	NOUN
foster-181	209	71	=	=	SYM
foster-181	209	72	0.58	0.58	NUM
foster-181	209	73	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	209	74	on	on	ADP
foster-181	209	75	a	a	DET
foster-181	209	76	1	1	NUM
foster-181	209	77	-	-	SYM
foster-181	209	78	5	5	NUM
foster-181	209	79	scale	scale	NOUN
foster-181	209	80	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	210	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	210	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	210	3	corroborate	corroborate	VERB
foster-181	210	4	earlier	early	ADJ
foster-181	210	5	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	210	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	210	7	diverse	diverse	ADJ
foster-181	210	8	contexts	contexts	NOUN
foster-181	210	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	10	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	210	11	as	as	ADP
foster-181	210	12	catalonia	catalonia	PROPN
foster-181	210	13	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	210	14	ianos	iano	NOUN
foster-181	210	15	et	et	PROPN
foster-181	210	16	al	al	PROPN
foster-181	210	17	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	210	18	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	19	2017	2017	NUM
foster-181	210	20	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	210	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	22	hungary	hungary	PROPN
foster-181	210	23	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	210	24	dörnyei	dörnyei	PROPN
foster-181	210	25	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	210	26	csizér	csizér	PROPN
foster-181	210	27	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	28	2002	2002	NUM
foster-181	210	29	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	210	30	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	31	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	210	32	sweden	sweden	PROPN
foster-181	210	33	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	210	34	henry	henry	PROPN
foster-181	210	35	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	210	36	apelgren	apelgren	PROPN
foster-181	210	37	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	38	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	210	39	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	210	40	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	210	41	which	which	PRON
foster-181	210	42	also	also	ADV
foster-181	210	43	reported	report	VERB
foster-181	210	44	favorable	favorable	ADJ
foster-181	210	45	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	210	46	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	210	47	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	210	48	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	210	49	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	210	50	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	211	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	211	2	consistency	consistency	NOUN
foster-181	211	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	211	4	these	these	DET
foster-181	211	5	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	211	6	across	across	ADP
foster-181	211	7	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	211	8	cultural	cultural	ADJ
foster-181	211	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	211	10	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	211	11	settings	setting	NOUN
foster-181	211	12	highlights	highlight	VERB
foster-181	211	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	211	14	universality	universality	NOUN
foster-181	211	15	of	of	ADP
foster-181	211	16	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	211	17	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	211	18	as	as	ADP
foster-181	211	19	a	a	DET
foster-181	211	20	key	key	ADJ
foster-181	211	21	factor	factor	NOUN
foster-181	211	22	in	in	ADP
foster-181	211	23	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	211	24	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	211	25	success	success	NOUN
foster-181	211	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	212	1	relationship	relationship	NOUN
foster-181	212	2	between	between	ADP
foster-181	212	3	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	212	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	212	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	212	6	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	212	7	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	212	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	212	9	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	212	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
foster-181	212	11	a	a	DET
foster-181	212	12	negative	negative	ADJ
foster-181	212	13	correlation	correlation	NOUN
foster-181	212	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	212	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	212	16	multiple	multiple	ADJ
foster-181	212	17	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
foster-181	212	18	between	between	ADP
foster-181	212	19	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	212	20	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	212	21	revealed	reveal	VERB
foster-181	212	22	no	no	DET
foster-181	212	23	statistically	statistically	ADV
foster-181	212	24	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	212	25	differences	difference	NOUN
foster-181	212	26	in	in	ADP
foster-181	212	27	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	212	28	across	across	ADP
foster-181	212	29	the	the	DET
foster-181	212	30	four	four	NUM
foster-181	212	31	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	212	32	categories	category	NOUN
foster-181	212	33	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	212	34	f(3,263	f(3,263	PROPN
foster-181	212	35	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	212	36	=	=	NUM
foster-181	212	37	2.44	2.44	NUM
foster-181	212	38	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	212	39	p	p	X
foster-181	212	40	=	=	NOUN
foster-181	212	41	0.064	0.064	NUM
foster-181	212	42	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	212	43	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	213	1	pairwise	pairwise	NOUN
foster-181	213	2	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
foster-181	213	3	further	far	ADV
foster-181	213	4	indicated	indicate	VERB
foster-181	213	5	minimal	minimal	ADJ
foster-181	213	6	variation	variation	NOUN
foster-181	213	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	213	8	mean	mean	ADJ
foster-181	213	9	scores	score	NOUN
foster-181	213	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	213	11	with	with	ADP
foster-181	213	12	none	none	NOUN
foster-181	213	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	213	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	213	15	differences	difference	NOUN
foster-181	213	16	reaching	reach	VERB
foster-181	213	17	statistical	statistical	ADJ
foster-181	213	18	significance	significance	NOUN
foster-181	213	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	214	1	these	these	DET
foster-181	214	2	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	214	3	align	align	VERB
foster-181	214	4	with	with	ADP
foster-181	214	5	those	those	PRON
foster-181	214	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	214	7	drakulić	drakulić	NOUN
foster-181	214	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	214	9	2022	2022	NUM
foster-181	214	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	214	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	214	12	figueiredo	figueiredo	PROPN
foster-181	214	13	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	214	14	fernandes	fernandes	PROPN
foster-181	214	15	da	da	PROPN
foster-181	214	16	silva	silva	PROPN
foster-181	214	17	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	214	18	2007	2007	NUM
foster-181	214	19	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	214	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	214	21	who	who	PRON
foster-181	214	22	reported	report	VERB
foster-181	214	23	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	214	24	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	214	25	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	214	26	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	214	27	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	214	28	tend	tend	VERB
foster-181	214	29	to	to	PART
foster-181	214	30	remain	remain	VERB
foster-181	214	31	stable	stable	ADJ
foster-181	214	32	across	across	ADP
foster-181	214	33	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	214	34	groups	group	NOUN
foster-181	214	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	215	1	however	however	ADV
foster-181	215	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	215	3	this	this	PRON
foster-181	215	4	contrasts	contrast	VERB
foster-181	215	5	with	with	ADP
foster-181	215	6	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	215	7	by	by	ADP
foster-181	215	8	kormos	kormos	PROPN
foster-181	215	9	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	215	10	csizér	csizér	PROPN
foster-181	215	11	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	215	12	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	215	13	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	215	14	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	215	15	alhoorie	alhoorie	NOUN
foster-181	215	16	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	215	17	2018	2018	NUM
foster-181	215	18	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	215	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	215	20	which	which	PRON
foster-181	215	21	highlighted	highlight	VERB
foster-181	215	22	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	215	23	younger	young	ADJ
foster-181	215	24	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	215	25	often	often	ADV
foster-181	215	26	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	215	27	more	more	ADV
foster-181	215	28	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	215	29	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	215	30	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	215	31	higher	high	ADJ
foster-181	215	32	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	215	33	levels	level	NOUN
foster-181	215	34	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	216	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	216	2	observed	observe	VERB
foster-181	216	3	variation	variation	NOUN
foster-181	216	4	in	in	ADP
foster-181	216	5	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	216	6	underscores	underscore	VERB
foster-181	216	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	216	8	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	216	9	of	of	ADP
foster-181	216	10	contextual	contextual	ADJ
foster-181	216	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	216	12	methodological	methodological	ADJ
foster-181	216	13	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	216	14	in	in	ADP
foster-181	216	15	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	216	16	the	the	DET
foster-181	216	17	relationship	relationship	NOUN
foster-181	216	18	between	between	ADP
foster-181	216	19	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	216	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	216	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	216	22	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	216	23	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	216	24	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	216	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	217	1	implications	implication	NOUN
foster-181	217	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	217	3	contextual	contextual	ADJ
foster-181	217	4	considerations	consideration	NOUN
foster-181	217	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	217	6	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	217	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	217	8	this	this	DET
foster-181	217	9	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	217	10	contribute	contribute	VERB
foster-181	217	11	to	to	ADP
foster-181	217	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	217	13	growing	grow	VERB
foster-181	217	14	body	body	NOUN
foster-181	217	15	of	of	ADP
foster-181	217	16	literature	literature	NOUN
foster-181	217	17	on	on	ADP
foster-181	217	18	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	217	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	217	20	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	217	21	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	217	22	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	217	23	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	217	24	particularly	particularly	ADV
foster-181	217	25	in	in	ADP
foster-181	217	26	the	the	DET
foster-181	217	27	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	217	28	of	of	ADP
foster-181	217	29	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	217	30	as	as	ADP
foster-181	217	31	a	a	DET
foster-181	217	32	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	217	33	nation	nation	NOUN
foster-181	217	34	with	with	ADP
foster-181	217	35	significant	significant	ADJ
foster-181	217	36	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
foster-181	217	37	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	217	38	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	217	39	diversity	diversity	NOUN
foster-181	217	40	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	218	1	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	218	2	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	218	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	218	4	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	218	5	emerged	emerge	VERB
foster-181	218	6	as	as	ADP
foster-181	218	7	influential	influential	ADJ
foster-181	218	8	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	218	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	218	10	the	the	DET
foster-181	218	11	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	218	12	also	also	ADV
foster-181	218	13	suggest	suggest	VERB
foster-181	218	14	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	218	15	broader	broad	ADJ
foster-181	218	16	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
foster-181	218	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	218	18	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	218	19	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
foster-181	218	20	play	play	VERB
foster-181	218	21	a	a	DET
foster-181	218	22	critical	critical	ADJ
foster-181	218	23	role	role	NOUN
foster-181	218	24	in	in	ADP
foster-181	218	25	shaping	shape	VERB
foster-181	218	26	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	218	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	219	1	this	this	DET
foster-181	219	2	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	219	3	highlights	highlight	VERB
foster-181	219	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	219	5	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	219	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	219	7	creating	create	VERB
foster-181	219	8	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
foster-181	219	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	219	10	supportive	supportive	ADJ
foster-181	219	11	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	219	12	environments	environment	NOUN
foster-181	219	13	that	that	PRON
foster-181	219	14	account	account	VERB
foster-181	219	15	for	for	ADP
foster-181	219	16	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	219	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	219	18	contextual	contextual	ADJ
foster-181	219	19	variations	variation	NOUN
foster-181	219	20	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	219	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
foster-181	219	22	enhancing	enhance	VERB
foster-181	219	23	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	219	24	’	’	PART
foster-181	219	25	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	219	26	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	219	27	engagement	engagement	NOUN
foster-181	219	28	in	in	ADP
foster-181	219	29	acquiring	acquire	VERB
foster-181	219	30	a	a	DET
foster-181	219	31	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	219	32	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	219	33	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	220	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
foster-181	220	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	220	3	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	220	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	220	5	this	this	DET
foster-181	220	6	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	220	7	provide	provide	VERB
foster-181	220	8	important	important	ADJ
foster-181	220	9	implications	implication	NOUN
foster-181	220	10	for	for	ADP
foster-181	220	11	policy	policy	NOUN
foster-181	220	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	220	13	practice	practice	NOUN
foster-181	220	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	220	15	theory	theory	NOUN
foster-181	220	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	220	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	220	18	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
foster-181	220	19	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	220	20	in	in	ADP
foster-181	220	21	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	220	22	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	220	23	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	220	24	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	220	25	sla	sla	PROPN
foster-181	220	26	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	220	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	221	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	221	2	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	221	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
foster-181	221	4	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	221	5	french	french	ADJ
foster-181	221	6	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	221	7	speaking	speak	VERB
foster-181	221	8	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	221	9	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
foster-181	221	10	a	a	DET
foster-181	221	11	higher	high	ADJ
foster-181	221	12	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	221	13	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	221	14	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	221	15	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	221	16	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	221	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	221	18	reflecting	reflect	VERB
foster-181	221	19	their	their	PRON
foster-181	221	20	willingness	willingness	NOUN
foster-181	221	21	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	221	22	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	221	23	to	to	PART
foster-181	221	24	acquire	acquire	VERB
foster-181	221	25	a	a	DET
foster-181	221	26	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	221	27	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	221	28	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	222	1	this	this	DET
foster-181	222	2	advanced	advanced	ADJ
foster-181	222	3	positive	positive	ADJ
foster-181	222	4	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	222	5	can	can	AUX
foster-181	222	6	be	be	AUX
foster-181	222	7	attributed	attribute	VERB
foster-181	222	8	to	to	ADP
foster-181	222	9	their	their	PRON
foster-181	222	10	choice	choice	NOUN
foster-181	222	11	to	to	PART
foster-181	222	12	travel	travel	VERB
foster-181	222	13	to	to	ADP
foster-181	222	14	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	222	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	222	16	an	an	DET
foster-181	222	17	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	222	18	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	222	19	speaking	speak	VERB
foster-181	222	20	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	222	21	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	222	22	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	222	23	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	222	24	the	the	DET
foster-181	222	25	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	222	26	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	222	27	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	222	28	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	222	29	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	222	30	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	222	31	3	3	NUM
foster-181	222	32	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	222	33	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	222	34	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	222	35	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	222	36	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	222	37	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	222	38	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	222	39	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	222	40	-	-	SYM
foster-181	222	41	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	222	42	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	222	43	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	222	44	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	222	45	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	222	46	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	222	47	-	-	SYM
foster-181	222	48	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	222	49	203	203	NUM
foster-181	222	50	country	country	NOUN
foster-181	222	51	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	222	52	to	to	PART
foster-181	222	53	enhance	enhance	VERB
foster-181	222	54	their	their	PRON
foster-181	222	55	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	222	56	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
foster-181	222	57	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	223	1	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	223	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	223	3	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	223	4	focused	focus	VERB
foster-181	223	5	specifically	specifically	ADV
foster-181	223	6	on	on	ADP
foster-181	223	7	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	223	8	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	223	9	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	223	10	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	223	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	223	12	it	it	PRON
foster-181	223	13	also	also	ADV
foster-181	223	14	shed	shed	VERB
foster-181	223	15	light	light	NOUN
foster-181	223	16	on	on	ADP
foster-181	223	17	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	223	18	demographic	demographic	ADJ
foster-181	223	19	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	223	20	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	223	21	as	as	ADP
foster-181	223	22	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	223	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	223	24	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	223	25	influence	influence	NOUN
foster-181	223	26	these	these	DET
foster-181	223	27	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	223	28	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	224	1	however	however	ADV
foster-181	224	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	224	3	it	it	PRON
foster-181	224	4	is	be	AUX
foster-181	224	5	critical	critical	ADJ
foster-181	224	6	to	to	PART
foster-181	224	7	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
foster-181	224	8	that	that	DET
foster-181	224	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	224	10	alone	alone	ADV
foster-181	224	11	do	do	AUX
foster-181	224	12	not	not	PART
foster-181	224	13	encapsulate	encapsulate	VERB
foster-181	224	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	224	15	entirety	entirety	NOUN
foster-181	224	16	of	of	ADP
foster-181	224	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	224	18	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	224	19	processes	process	NOUN
foster-181	224	20	required	require	VERB
foster-181	224	21	for	for	ADP
foster-181	224	22	effective	effective	ADJ
foster-181	224	23	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	224	24	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	224	25	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	224	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	225	1	by	by	ADP
foster-181	225	2	validating	validate	VERB
foster-181	225	3	a	a	DET
foster-181	225	4	new	new	ADJ
foster-181	225	5	test	test	NOUN
foster-181	225	6	for	for	ADP
foster-181	225	7	assessing	assess	VERB
foster-181	225	8	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	225	9	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	225	10	'	'	PART
foster-181	225	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	225	12	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	225	13	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	225	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	225	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	225	16	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	225	17	contributes	contribute	VERB
foster-181	225	18	to	to	ADP
foster-181	225	19	the	the	DET
foster-181	225	20	understanding	understanding	NOUN
foster-181	225	21	of	of	ADP
foster-181	225	22	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	225	23	'	'	PART
foster-181	225	24	motivational	motivational	ADJ
foster-181	225	25	frameworks	framework	NOUN
foster-181	225	26	within	within	ADP
foster-181	225	27	a	a	DET
foster-181	225	28	unique	unique	ADJ
foster-181	225	29	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	225	30	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	226	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
foster-181	226	2	its	its	PRON
foster-181	226	3	contributions	contribution	NOUN
foster-181	226	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	226	5	this	this	DET
foster-181	226	6	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	226	7	has	have	VERB
foster-181	226	8	certain	certain	ADJ
foster-181	226	9	limitations	limitation	NOUN
foster-181	226	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	227	1	first	first	ADV
foster-181	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	227	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	227	4	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	227	5	's	's	PART
foster-181	227	6	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	227	7	are	be	AUX
foster-181	227	8	context	context	NOUN
foster-181	227	9	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	227	10	specific	specific	ADJ
foster-181	227	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	227	12	primarily	primarily	ADV
foster-181	227	13	applying	apply	VERB
foster-181	227	14	to	to	ADP
foster-181	227	15	the	the	DET
foster-181	227	16	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	227	17	environment	environment	NOUN
foster-181	227	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	227	19	francophone	francophone	NOUN
foster-181	227	20	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	227	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	228	1	generalizing	generalize	VERB
foster-181	228	2	these	these	DET
foster-181	228	3	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	228	4	to	to	ADP
foster-181	228	5	other	other	ADJ
foster-181	228	6	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	228	7	should	should	AUX
foster-181	228	8	be	be	AUX
foster-181	228	9	done	do	VERB
foster-181	228	10	with	with	ADP
foster-181	228	11	caution	caution	NOUN
foster-181	228	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	229	1	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	229	3	the	the	DET
foster-181	229	4	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
foster-181	229	5	approach	approach	NOUN
foster-181	229	6	used	use	VERB
foster-181	229	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	229	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	229	9	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	229	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	229	11	while	while	SCONJ
foster-181	229	12	providing	provide	VERB
foster-181	229	13	statistical	statistical	ADJ
foster-181	229	14	insights	insight	NOUN
foster-181	229	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	229	16	lacks	lack	VERB
foster-181	229	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	229	18	depth	depth	NOUN
foster-181	229	19	that	that	PRON
foster-181	229	20	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
foster-181	229	21	methods	method	NOUN
foster-181	229	22	could	could	AUX
foster-181	229	23	offer	offer	VERB
foster-181	229	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	230	1	future	future	ADJ
foster-181	230	2	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	230	3	should	should	AUX
foster-181	230	4	explore	explore	VERB
foster-181	230	5	additional	additional	ADJ
foster-181	230	6	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	230	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	230	8	individual	individual	ADJ
foster-181	230	9	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	230	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	230	11	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	230	12	as	as	ADP
foster-181	230	13	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	230	14	'	'	PART
foster-181	230	15	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
foster-181	230	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	230	17	fear	fear	NOUN
foster-181	230	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	230	19	cultural	cultural	ADJ
foster-181	230	20	assimilation	assimilation	NOUN
foster-181	230	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	230	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	230	23	other	other	ADJ
foster-181	230	24	psychological	psychological	ADJ
foster-181	230	25	influences	influence	NOUN
foster-181	230	26	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	230	27	which	which	PRON
foster-181	230	28	may	may	AUX
foster-181	230	29	impact	impact	VERB
foster-181	230	30	their	their	PRON
foster-181	230	31	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	230	32	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	230	33	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	230	34	of	of	ADP
foster-181	230	35	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	230	36	as	as	ADP
foster-181	230	37	a	a	DET
foster-181	230	38	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	230	39	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	230	40	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	231	1	conducting	conduct	VERB
foster-181	231	2	such	such	ADJ
foster-181	231	3	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	231	4	can	can	AUX
foster-181	231	5	help	help	VERB
foster-181	231	6	provide	provide	VERB
foster-181	231	7	a	a	DET
foster-181	231	8	more	more	ADV
foster-181	231	9	holistic	holistic	ADJ
foster-181	231	10	understanding	understanding	NOUN
foster-181	231	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	231	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	231	13	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	231	14	affecting	affect	VERB
foster-181	231	15	sla	sla	PROPN
foster-181	231	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	232	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
foster-181	232	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	232	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
foster-181	232	4	a	a	DET
foster-181	232	5	mixed	mixed	ADJ
foster-181	232	6	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	232	7	methods	method	NOUN
foster-181	232	8	approach	approach	NOUN
foster-181	232	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	232	10	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
foster-181	232	11	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	232	12	is	be	AUX
foster-181	232	13	highly	highly	ADV
foster-181	232	14	recommended	recommend	VERB
foster-181	232	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	233	1	combining	combine	VERB
foster-181	233	2	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
foster-181	233	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	233	4	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
foster-181	233	5	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
foster-181	233	6	will	will	AUX
foster-181	233	7	allow	allow	VERB
foster-181	233	8	researchers	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	233	9	to	to	PART
foster-181	233	10	delve	delve	VERB
foster-181	233	11	deeper	deeply	ADV
foster-181	233	12	into	into	ADP
foster-181	233	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	233	14	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
foster-181	233	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	233	16	complex	complex	ADJ
foster-181	233	17	nature	nature	NOUN
foster-181	233	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	233	19	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	233	20	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	233	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	233	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	233	23	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	233	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	234	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
foster-181	234	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	234	3	future	future	ADJ
foster-181	234	4	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	234	5	could	could	AUX
foster-181	234	6	extend	extend	VERB
foster-181	234	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	234	8	scope	scope	NOUN
foster-181	234	9	of	of	ADP
foster-181	234	10	this	this	DET
foster-181	234	11	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	234	12	to	to	ADP
foster-181	234	13	other	other	ADJ
foster-181	234	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
foster-181	234	15	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	234	16	cultural	cultural	ADJ
foster-181	234	17	contexts	context	NOUN
foster-181	234	18	to	to	PART
foster-181	234	19	test	test	VERB
foster-181	234	20	the	the	DET
foster-181	234	21	universality	universality	NOUN
foster-181	234	22	of	of	ADP
foster-181	234	23	the	the	DET
foster-181	234	24	findings	finding	NOUN
foster-181	234	25	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	234	26	explore	explore	VERB
foster-181	234	27	how	how	SCONJ
foster-181	234	28	different	different	ADJ
foster-181	234	29	environments	environment	NOUN
foster-181	234	30	shape	shape	VERB
foster-181	234	31	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	234	32	toward	toward	ADP
foster-181	234	33	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	234	34	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	234	35	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	235	1	by	by	ADP
foster-181	235	2	addressing	address	VERB
foster-181	235	3	these	these	DET
foster-181	235	4	areas	area	NOUN
foster-181	235	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	235	6	future	future	ADJ
foster-181	235	7	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	235	8	can	can	AUX
foster-181	235	9	continue	continue	VERB
foster-181	235	10	to	to	PART
foster-181	235	11	expand	expand	VERB
foster-181	235	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	235	13	body	body	NOUN
foster-181	235	14	of	of	ADP
foster-181	235	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
foster-181	235	16	on	on	ADP
foster-181	235	17	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	235	18	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	235	19	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	235	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	235	21	contribute	contribute	VERB
foster-181	235	22	to	to	ADP
foster-181	235	23	more	more	ADV
foster-181	235	24	effective	effective	ADJ
foster-181	235	25	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
foster-181	235	26	practices	practice	NOUN
foster-181	235	27	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	235	28	policies	policy	NOUN
foster-181	235	29	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	236	1	acknowledgment	acknowledgment	NOUN
foster-181	236	2	this	this	DET
foster-181	236	3	paper	paper	NOUN
foster-181	236	4	is	be	AUX
foster-181	236	5	part	part	NOUN
foster-181	236	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	236	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	236	8	thesis	thesis	NOUN
foster-181	236	9	work	work	NOUN
foster-181	236	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	236	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	236	12	author	author	NOUN
foster-181	236	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	236	14	completed	complete	VERB
foster-181	236	15	under	under	ADP
foster-181	236	16	the	the	DET
foster-181	236	17	supervision	supervision	NOUN
foster-181	236	18	of	of	ADP
foster-181	236	19	dr	dr	PROPN
foster-181	236	20	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	236	21	cecelio	cecelio	PROPN
foster-181	236	22	lapreasta	lapreasta	PROPN
foster-181	236	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	237	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	237	2	author	author	NOUN
foster-181	237	3	declares	declare	VERB
foster-181	237	4	no	no	DET
foster-181	237	5	competing	compete	VERB
foster-181	237	6	interests	interest	NOUN
foster-181	237	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	237	8	confirms	confirm	VERB
foster-181	237	9	that	that	SCONJ
foster-181	237	10	no	no	DET
foster-181	237	11	funding	funding	NOUN
foster-181	237	12	was	be	AUX
foster-181	237	13	received	receive	VERB
foster-181	237	14	for	for	ADP
foster-181	237	15	this	this	DET
foster-181	237	16	paper	paper	NOUN
foster-181	237	17	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	238	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	238	2	author	author	NOUN
foster-181	238	3	expresses	express	VERB
foster-181	238	4	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN
foster-181	238	5	to	to	ADP
foster-181	238	6	dr	dr	PROPN
foster-181	238	7	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	238	8	fauna	fauna	PROPN
foster-181	238	9	frimpong	frimpong	PROPN
foster-181	238	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	238	11	mr	mr	PROPN
foster-181	238	12	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	238	13	robert	robert	PROPN
foster-181	238	14	senu	senu	PROPN
foster-181	238	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	238	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	238	17	the	the	DET
foster-181	238	18	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
foster-181	238	19	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
foster-181	238	20	for	for	ADP
foster-181	238	21	their	their	PRON
foster-181	238	22	valuable	valuable	ADJ
foster-181	238	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	238	24	insightful	insightful	ADJ
foster-181	238	25	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
foster-181	238	26	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	239	1	references	reference	NOUN
foster-181	239	2	addisu	addisu	PROPN
foster-181	239	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	239	4	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	239	5	g.	g.	PROPN
foster-181	239	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	239	7	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	239	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	239	9	factors	factor	NOUN
foster-181	239	10	affecting	affect	VERB
foster-181	239	11	the	the	DET
foster-181	239	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	239	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	239	14	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	239	15	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	239	16	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	239	17	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	239	18	as	as	ADP
foster-181	239	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	239	20	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	239	21	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	239	22	may	may	AUX
foster-181	239	23	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	239	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	240	1	cogent	cogent	ADJ
foster-181	240	2	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	240	3	7(1	7(1	PROPN
foster-181	240	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	240	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	241	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2020.1738184	https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2020.1738184	X
foster-181	241	2	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	241	3	ajzen	ajzen	PROPN
foster-181	241	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	241	5	i.	i.	NOUN
foster-181	241	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	241	7	2005	2005	NUM
foster-181	241	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	241	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	242	1	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	242	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	242	3	personality	personality	NOUN
foster-181	242	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	242	5	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	242	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	242	7	2nd	2nd	ADJ
foster-181	242	8	ed	ed	NOUN
foster-181	242	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	242	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	242	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	243	1	berkshire	berkshire	PROPN
foster-181	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	243	3	england	england	PROPN
foster-181	243	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	243	5	open	open	ADJ
foster-181	243	6	university	university	NOUN
foster-181	243	7	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	243	8	/	/	SYM
foster-181	243	9	graw	graw	NOUN
foster-181	243	10	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	243	11	hill	hill	NOUN
foster-181	243	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	244	1	ajzen	ajzen	PROPN
foster-181	244	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	244	3	i.	i.	NOUN
foster-181	244	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	244	5	1991	1991	NUM
foster-181	244	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	244	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	245	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	245	2	theory	theory	NOUN
foster-181	245	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	245	4	planned	plan	VERB
foster-181	245	5	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	245	6	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	246	1	organizational	organizational	ADJ
foster-181	246	2	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	246	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	246	4	human	human	ADJ
foster-181	246	5	decision	decision	NOUN
foster-181	246	6	processes	process	NOUN
foster-181	246	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	246	8	50(2	50(2	NUM
foster-181	246	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	246	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	246	11	179–211	179–211	NUM
foster-181	246	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	247	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020	https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020	PROPN
foster-181	247	2	t	t	NOUN
foster-181	247	3	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	247	4	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NUM
foster-181	247	5	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	247	6	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	247	7	the	the	DET
foster-181	247	8	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	247	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	247	10	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	247	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	247	12	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	247	13	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	247	14	3	3	NUM
foster-181	247	15	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	247	16	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	247	17	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	247	18	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	247	19	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	247	20	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	247	21	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	247	22	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	247	23	-	-	SYM
foster-181	247	24	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	247	25	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	247	26	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	247	27	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	247	28	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	247	29	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	247	30	-	-	SYM
foster-181	247	31	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	247	32	204	204	NUM
foster-181	247	33	baker	baker	NOUN
foster-181	247	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	247	35	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	247	36	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	247	37	1992	1992	NUM
foster-181	247	38	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	247	39	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	248	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	248	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	248	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	248	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	249	1	clevedon	clevedon	PROPN
foster-181	249	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	249	3	usa	usa	PROPN
foster-181	249	4	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	249	5	multilingual	multilingual	PROPN
foster-181	249	6	matters	matter	NOUN
foster-181	249	7	ltd	ltd	PROPN
foster-181	249	8	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	249	9	bordens	bordens	PROPN
foster-181	249	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	249	11	k.	k.	PROPN
foster-181	249	12	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	249	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	249	14	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	249	15	horowitz	horowitz	PROPN
foster-181	249	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	249	17	i.	i.	PROPN
foster-181	249	18	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	249	19	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	249	20	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	249	21	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	249	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	250	1	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	250	2	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	250	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	251	1	freeload	freeload	VERB
foster-181	251	2	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	251	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	252	1	brown	brown	PROPN
foster-181	252	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	252	3	h.	h.	PROPN
foster-181	252	4	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	252	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	252	6	2007	2007	NUM
foster-181	252	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	252	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	253	1	principles	principle	NOUN
foster-181	253	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	253	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	253	4	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	253	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	253	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
foster-181	253	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	253	8	5th	5th	ADJ
foster-181	253	9	ed	ed	NOUN
foster-181	253	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	253	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	253	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	254	1	pearson	pearson	PROPN
foster-181	254	2	education	education	PROPN
foster-181	254	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	255	1	crano	crano	NOUN
foster-181	255	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	255	3	w.	w.	PROPN
foster-181	255	4	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	255	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	255	6	cooper	cooper	PROPN
foster-181	255	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	255	8	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	255	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	255	10	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	255	11	forgas	forgas	PROPN
foster-181	255	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	255	13	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	255	14	p.	p.	PROPN
foster-181	255	15	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	255	16	2010	2010	NUM
foster-181	255	17	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	255	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	256	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	256	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	256	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	256	4	change	change	NOUN
foster-181	256	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	257	1	an	an	DET
foster-181	257	2	introductory	introductory	ADJ
foster-181	257	3	review	review	NOUN
foster-181	257	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	258	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	258	2	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	258	3	p.	p.	PROPN
foster-181	258	4	forgas	forgas	PROPN
foster-181	258	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	258	6	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	258	7	cooper	cooper	PROPN
foster-181	258	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	258	9	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	258	10	w.	w.	PROPN
foster-181	258	11	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	258	12	crano	crano	PROPN
foster-181	258	13	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	258	14	eds	eds	PROPN
foster-181	258	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	258	16	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	258	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	258	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	258	19	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	258	20	of	of	ADP
foster-181	258	21	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	258	22	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	258	23	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	258	24	change	change	NOUN
foster-181	258	25	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	258	26	pp	pp	ADV
foster-181	258	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	258	28	3–18	3–18	NUM
foster-181	258	29	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	258	30	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	259	1	new	new	PROPN
foster-181	259	2	york	york	PROPN
foster-181	259	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	259	4	ny	ny	PROPN
foster-181	259	5	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	259	6	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	259	7	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	259	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	260	1	crystal	crystal	PROPN
foster-181	260	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	260	3	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	260	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	260	5	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	260	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	260	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	261	1	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	261	2	as	as	ADP
foster-181	261	3	a	a	DET
foster-181	261	4	global	global	ADJ
foster-181	261	5	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	261	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	261	7	2nd	2nd	ADJ
foster-181	261	8	ed	ed	NOUN
foster-181	261	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	261	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	261	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	262	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
foster-181	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	262	3	uk	uk	PROPN
foster-181	262	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	262	5	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
foster-181	262	6	university	university	PROPN
foster-181	262	7	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	262	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	263	1	csizér	csizér	PROPN
foster-181	263	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	263	3	k.	k.	PROPN
foster-181	263	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	263	5	2007	2007	NUM
foster-181	263	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	263	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	264	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
foster-181	264	2	'	'	PART
foster-181	264	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	264	4	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	264	5	'	'	PART
foster-181	264	6	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	264	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	264	8	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	264	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	264	10	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	264	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	264	12	in	in	ADP
foster-181	264	13	the	the	DET
foster-181	264	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	264	15	classroom	classroom	NOUN
foster-181	264	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	265	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	265	2	z.	z.	PROPN
foster-181	265	3	dörnyei	dörnyei	PROPN
foster-181	265	4	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	265	5	e.	e.	PROPN
foster-181	265	6	ushioda	ushioda	PROPN
foster-181	265	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	265	8	eds	ed	NOUN
foster-181	265	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	265	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	265	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	265	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	265	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	265	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	265	15	identity	identity	NOUN
foster-181	265	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	265	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	265	18	the	the	DET
foster-181	265	19	l2	l2	NOUN
foster-181	265	20	self	self	NOUN
foster-181	265	21	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	265	22	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	265	23	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	266	1	105–119	105–119	NUM
foster-181	266	2	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	266	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	267	1	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	267	2	matters	matter	NOUN
foster-181	267	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	268	1	dewaele	dewaele	PROPN
foster-181	268	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	268	3	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	268	4	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	268	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	268	6	2009	2009	NUM
foster-181	268	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	268	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	269	1	perception	perception	NOUN
foster-181	269	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	269	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	269	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	269	5	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	269	6	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	270	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	270	2	l.	l.	PROPN
foster-181	270	3	wei	wei	PROPN
foster-181	270	4	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	270	5	v.	v.	PROPN
foster-181	270	6	cook	cook	PROPN
foster-181	270	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	270	8	eds	ed	NOUN
foster-181	270	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	270	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	270	11	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
foster-181	270	12	applied	apply	VERB
foster-181	270	13	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	270	14	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	270	15	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	270	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
foster-181	270	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	270	18	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	270	19	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	270	20	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	270	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	271	1	163	163	NUM
foster-181	271	2	-	-	SYM
foster-181	271	3	192	192	NUM
foster-181	271	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	271	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	272	1	new	new	PROPN
foster-181	272	2	york	york	PROPN
foster-181	272	3	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	272	4	continuum	continuum	PROPN
foster-181	272	5	international	international	ADJ
foster-181	272	6	publishing	publishing	NOUN
foster-181	272	7	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	272	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	273	1	dörnyei	dörnyei	PROPN
foster-181	273	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	273	3	z.	z.	PROPN
foster-181	273	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	273	5	2009	2009	NUM
foster-181	273	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	273	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	274	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	274	2	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	274	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	274	4	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	274	5	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	274	6	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	274	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	275	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
foster-181	275	2	university	university	PROPN
foster-181	275	3	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	275	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	276	1	dörnyei	dörnyei	PROPN
foster-181	276	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	276	3	z.	z.	PROPN
foster-181	276	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	276	5	ed	ed	NOUN
foster-181	276	6	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	276	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	276	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	277	1	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	277	2	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	277	3	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	277	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	278	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	278	3	orientations	orientation	NOUN
foster-181	278	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	278	5	motivations	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	278	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	278	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	278	8	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	278	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	279	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
foster-181	279	2	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	280	1	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
foster-181	280	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	281	1	dörnyei	dörnyei	PROPN
foster-181	281	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	281	3	z.	z.	PROPN
foster-181	281	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	281	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	281	6	csizér	csizér	PROPN
foster-181	281	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	281	8	k.	k.	PROPN
foster-181	281	9	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	281	10	2002	2002	NUM
foster-181	281	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	281	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	282	1	some	some	DET
foster-181	282	2	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
foster-181	282	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	282	4	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	282	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	282	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	282	7	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	282	8	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	282	9	results	result	NOUN
foster-181	282	10	of	of	ADP
foster-181	282	11	a	a	DET
foster-181	282	12	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
foster-181	282	13	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
foster-181	282	14	survey	survey	NOUN
foster-181	282	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	283	1	applied	apply	VERB
foster-181	283	2	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	283	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	283	4	23(4	23(4	NOUN
foster-181	283	5	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	283	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	283	7	pp	pp	ADP
foster-181	283	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	284	1	421	421	NUM
foster-181	284	2	-	-	SYM
foster-181	284	3	462	462	NUM
foster-181	284	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	285	1	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/23.4.421	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/23.4.421	NOUN
foster-181	285	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	285	3	drakulić	drakulić	NOUN
foster-181	285	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	285	5	m.	m.	NOUN
foster-181	285	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	285	7	2022	2022	NUM
foster-181	285	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	285	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	286	1	mind	mind	VERB
foster-181	286	2	the	the	DET
foster-181	286	3	gap	gap	NOUN
foster-181	286	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	286	5	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	286	6	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	286	7	related	relate	VERB
foster-181	286	8	differences	difference	NOUN
foster-181	286	9	in	in	ADP
foster-181	286	10	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	286	11	’	'	PUNCT
foster-181	286	12	perceptions	perception	NOUN
foster-181	286	13	of	of	ADP
foster-181	286	14	english	english	ADJ
foster-181	286	15	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	286	16	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	286	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
foster-181	286	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	286	19	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	286	20	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	287	1	center	center	NOUN
foster-181	287	2	for	for	ADP
foster-181	287	3	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	287	4	policy	policy	NOUN
foster-181	287	5	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	287	6	journal	journal	NOUN
foster-181	287	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	287	8	12(2	12(2	NUM
foster-181	287	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	287	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	287	11	267–291	267–291	NUM
foster-181	287	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	288	1	https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.1025	https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.1025	PROPN
foster-181	288	2	eagly	eagly	ADV
foster-181	288	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	288	4	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	288	5	h.	h.	PROPN
foster-181	288	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	288	7	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	288	8	chaiken	chaiken	PROPN
foster-181	288	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	288	10	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	288	11	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	288	12	1993	1993	NUM
foster-181	288	13	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	288	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	289	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	289	2	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	289	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	289	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	289	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	290	1	harcourt	harcourt	PROPN
foster-181	290	2	brace	brace	PROPN
foster-181	290	3	jovanovich	jovanovich	PROPN
foster-181	290	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	291	1	eagly	eagly	ADV
foster-181	291	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	291	3	a.	a.	NOUN
foster-181	291	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	291	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	291	6	chaiken	chaiken	PROPN
foster-181	291	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	291	8	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	291	9	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	291	10	2005	2005	NUM
foster-181	291	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	291	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	292	1	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	292	2	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	292	3	in	in	ADP
foster-181	292	4	the	the	DET
foster-181	292	5	21st	21st	ADJ
foster-181	292	6	century	century	NOUN
foster-181	292	7	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	292	8	the	the	DET
foster-181	292	9	current	current	ADJ
foster-181	292	10	state	state	NOUN
foster-181	292	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	292	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
foster-181	292	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	293	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	293	2	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	293	3	albarracín	albarracín	PROPN
foster-181	293	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	293	5	b.	b.	PROPN
foster-181	293	6	t.	t.	PROPN
foster-181	293	7	johnson	johnson	PROPN
foster-181	293	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	293	9	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	293	10	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	293	11	p.	p.	PROPN
foster-181	293	12	zanna	zanna	PROPN
foster-181	293	13	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	293	14	eds	eds	PROPN
foster-181	293	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	293	16	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	293	17	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	294	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	294	2	handbook	handbook	NOUN
foster-181	294	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	294	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	294	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	294	6	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	294	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	295	1	743	743	NUM
foster-181	295	2	-	-	NUM
foster-181	295	3	767	767	NUM
foster-181	295	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	295	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	296	1	mahwah	mahwah	PROPN
foster-181	296	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	296	3	nj	nj	PROPN
foster-181	296	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	296	5	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
foster-181	296	6	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
foster-181	296	7	associates	associates	PROPN
foster-181	296	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	297	1	edwards	edwards	PROPN
foster-181	297	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	297	3	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	297	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	297	5	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	297	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	297	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	298	1	multilingualism	multilingualism	NOUN
foster-181	298	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	299	1	annual	annual	ADJ
foster-181	299	2	review	review	NOUN
foster-181	299	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	299	4	applied	applied	ADJ
foster-181	299	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	299	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	299	7	14	14	NUM
foster-181	299	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	299	9	55	55	NUM
foster-181	299	10	-	-	SYM
foster-181	299	11	78	78	NUM
foster-181	299	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	300	1	fandoh	fandoh	PROPN
foster-181	300	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	300	3	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	300	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	300	5	2013	2013	NUM
foster-181	300	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	300	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	301	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	301	2	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	301	3	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	301	4	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	301	5	among	among	ADP
foster-181	301	6	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	301	7	post	post	ADJ
foster-181	301	8	-	-	ADJ
foster-181	301	9	secondary	secondary	ADJ
foster-181	301	10	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	301	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	302	1	african	african	ADJ
foster-181	302	2	journal	journal	PROPN
foster-181	302	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	302	4	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	302	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	302	6	6(2	6(2	NUM
foster-181	302	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	302	9	12	12	NUM
foster-181	302	10	-	-	SYM
foster-181	302	11	24	24	NUM
foster-181	302	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	303	1	fazio	fazio	PROPN
foster-181	303	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	303	3	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	303	4	h.	h.	PROPN
foster-181	303	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	303	6	1990	1990	NUM
foster-181	303	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	303	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	304	1	a	a	DET
foster-181	304	2	practical	practical	ADJ
foster-181	304	3	guide	guide	NOUN
foster-181	304	4	to	to	ADP
foster-181	304	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	304	6	use	use	NOUN
foster-181	304	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	304	8	response	response	NOUN
foster-181	304	9	latency	latency	NOUN
foster-181	304	10	in	in	ADP
foster-181	304	11	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	304	12	psychological	psychological	ADJ
foster-181	304	13	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	304	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	305	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	305	2	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	305	3	hendrick	hendrick	PROPN
foster-181	305	4	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	305	5	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	305	6	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	305	7	clark	clark	PROPN
foster-181	305	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	305	9	eds	eds	PROPN
foster-181	305	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	305	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	305	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	305	13	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	305	14	methods	method	NOUN
foster-181	305	15	in	in	ADP
foster-181	305	16	personality	personality	NOUN
foster-181	305	17	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	305	18	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	305	19	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	305	20	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	305	21	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	305	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	305	23	74–97	74–97	NUM
foster-181	305	24	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	305	25	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	306	1	sage	sage	NOUN
foster-181	306	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	307	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	307	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	307	3	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	307	4	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	307	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	307	6	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	307	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	307	8	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	307	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	307	10	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	307	11	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	307	12	3	3	NUM
foster-181	307	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	307	14	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	307	15	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	307	16	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	307	17	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	307	18	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	307	19	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	307	20	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	307	21	-	-	SYM
foster-181	307	22	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	307	23	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	307	24	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	307	25	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	307	26	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	307	27	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	307	28	-	-	SYM
foster-181	307	29	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	307	30	205	205	NUM
foster-181	307	31	figueiredo	figueiredo	NOUN
foster-181	307	32	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	307	33	s.	s.	PROPN
foster-181	307	34	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	307	35	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	307	36	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	307	37	fernandes	fernandes	PROPN
foster-181	307	38	da	da	PROPN
foster-181	307	39	silva	silva	PROPN
foster-181	307	40	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	307	41	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	307	42	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	307	43	2007	2007	NUM
foster-181	307	44	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	307	45	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	308	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	308	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	308	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	308	4	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	308	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	308	6	gender	gender	NOUN
foster-181	308	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	308	8	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	308	9	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	308	10	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	308	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	308	12	psychosocial	psychosocial	ADJ
foster-181	308	13	contexts	contexts	NOUN
foster-181	308	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	309	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	309	2	international	international	ADJ
foster-181	309	3	journal	journal	NOUN
foster-181	309	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	309	5	diversity	diversity	NOUN
foster-181	309	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	309	7	organizations	organization	NOUN
foster-181	309	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	309	9	communities	community	NOUN
foster-181	309	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	309	11	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	309	12	nations	nation	NOUN
foster-181	309	13	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	309	14	annual	annual	ADJ
foster-181	309	15	review	review	NOUN
foster-181	309	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	309	17	7(4	7(4	NUM
foster-181	309	18	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	309	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	309	20	113–124	113–124	NUM
foster-181	309	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	310	1	https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v07i04/39412	https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v07i04/39412	PROPN
foster-181	310	2	fishbein	fishbein	PROPN
foster-181	310	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	310	4	m.	m.	NOUN
foster-181	310	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	310	6	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	310	7	ajzen	ajzen	PROPN
foster-181	310	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	310	9	i.	i.	NOUN
foster-181	310	10	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	310	11	1975	1975	NUM
foster-181	310	12	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	310	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	311	1	belief	belief	NOUN
foster-181	311	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	311	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	311	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	311	5	intention	intention	NOUN
foster-181	311	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	311	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	311	8	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	311	9	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	311	10	an	an	DET
foster-181	311	11	introduction	introduction	NOUN
foster-181	311	12	to	to	ADP
foster-181	311	13	theory	theory	NOUN
foster-181	311	14	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	311	15	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	311	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	312	1	reading	reading	NOUN
foster-181	312	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	312	3	ma	ma	PROPN
foster-181	312	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	312	5	addison	addison	PROPN
foster-181	312	6	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	312	7	wesley	wesley	PROPN
foster-181	312	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	313	1	gardner	gardner	PROPN
foster-181	313	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	313	3	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	313	4	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	313	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	313	6	1991	1991	NUM
foster-181	313	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	313	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	314	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	314	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	314	3	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	314	4	in	in	ADP
foster-181	314	5	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	314	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	314	7	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	314	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	315	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	315	2	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	315	3	g.	g.	PROPN
foster-181	315	4	reynolds	reynolds	PROPN
foster-181	315	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	315	6	ed	ed	NOUN
foster-181	315	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	315	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	315	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	315	10	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
foster-181	315	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	315	12	multiculturalism	multiculturalism	NOUN
foster-181	315	13	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	315	14	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	315	15	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	315	16	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	315	17	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	315	18	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	315	19	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	315	20	43	43	NUM
foster-181	315	21	–	–	PUNCT
foster-181	315	22	62	62	NUM
foster-181	315	23	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	315	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	316	1	hillsdale	hillsdale	PROPN
foster-181	316	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	316	3	nj	nj	PROPN
foster-181	316	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	316	5	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
foster-181	316	6	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
foster-181	316	7	associates	associates	PROPN
foster-181	316	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	317	1	gardner	gardner	PROPN
foster-181	317	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	3	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	317	4	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	317	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	6	masgoret	masgoret	ADJ
foster-181	317	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	8	a.	a.	NOUN
foster-181	317	9	m.	m.	NOUN
foster-181	317	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	11	tennant	tennant	PROPN
foster-181	317	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	13	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	317	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	15	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	317	16	mihic	mihic	ADJ
foster-181	317	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	317	18	l.	l.	PROPN
foster-181	317	19	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	317	20	2004	2004	NUM
foster-181	317	21	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	317	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	318	1	integrative	integrative	ADJ
foster-181	318	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	318	3	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	318	4	changes	change	NOUN
foster-181	318	5	during	during	ADP
foster-181	318	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	318	7	year	year	NOUN
foster-181	318	8	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	318	9	long	long	ADJ
foster-181	318	10	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
foster-181	318	11	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	318	12	level	level	NOUN
foster-181	318	13	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	318	14	course	course	NOUN
foster-181	318	15	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	319	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	319	2	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	319	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	319	4	54(1	54(1	NUM
foster-181	319	5	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	319	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	319	7	1	1	NUM
foster-181	319	8	-	-	SYM
foster-181	319	9	34	34	NUM
foster-181	319	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	320	1	garrett	garrett	PROPN
foster-181	320	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	320	3	p.	p.	PROPN
foster-181	320	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	320	5	2010	2010	NUM
foster-181	320	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	320	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	321	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	321	2	to	to	ADP
foster-181	321	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	321	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	322	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
foster-181	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	322	3	uk	uk	PROPN
foster-181	322	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	322	5	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
foster-181	322	6	university	university	PROPN
foster-181	322	7	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	322	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	323	1	garrett	garrett	PROPN
foster-181	323	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	323	3	p.	p.	PROPN
foster-181	323	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	323	5	coupland	coupland	PROPN
foster-181	323	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	323	7	n.	n.	NOUN
foster-181	323	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	323	9	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	323	10	williams	williams	PROPN
foster-181	323	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	323	12	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	323	13	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	323	14	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	323	15	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	323	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	324	1	investigating	investigate	VERB
foster-181	324	2	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	324	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	324	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	324	5	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	324	6	meanings	meaning	NOUN
foster-181	324	7	of	of	ADP
foster-181	324	8	dialect	dialect	NOUN
foster-181	324	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	324	10	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
foster-181	324	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	324	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	324	13	performance	performance	NOUN
foster-181	324	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	325	1	university	university	NOUN
foster-181	325	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	325	3	wales	wales	PROPN
foster-181	325	4	press	press	PROPN
foster-181	325	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	326	1	halgunseth	halgunseth	PROPN
foster-181	326	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	326	3	l.	l.	PROPN
foster-181	326	4	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	326	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	326	6	2009	2009	NUM
foster-181	326	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	326	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	327	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	327	2	importance	importance	NOUN
foster-181	327	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	327	4	family	family	NOUN
foster-181	327	5	engagement	engagement	NOUN
foster-181	327	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	327	7	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	327	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	328	1	educational	educational	ADJ
foster-181	328	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
foster-181	328	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	328	4	38(4	38(4	NUM
foster-181	328	5	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	328	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	328	7	77	77	NUM
foster-181	328	8	-	-	SYM
foster-181	328	9	88	88	NUM
foster-181	328	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	329	1	hedge	hedge	NOUN
foster-181	329	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	329	3	t.	t.	PROPN
foster-181	329	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	329	5	2000	2000	NUM
foster-181	329	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	329	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	330	1	teaching	teaching	NOUN
foster-181	330	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	330	3	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	330	4	in	in	ADP
foster-181	330	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	330	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	330	7	classroom	classroom	NOUN
foster-181	330	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	331	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
foster-181	331	2	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	331	3	oup	oup	PROPN
foster-181	331	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	332	1	henry	henry	PROPN
foster-181	332	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	332	3	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	332	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	332	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	332	6	apelgren	apelgren	PROPN
foster-181	332	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	332	8	b.	b.	PROPN
foster-181	332	9	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	332	10	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	332	11	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	332	12	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	332	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	333	1	young	young	ADJ
foster-181	333	2	learners	learner	NOUN
foster-181	333	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	333	4	multilingualism	multilingualism	NOUN
foster-181	333	5	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	333	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	333	7	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	333	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	333	9	learner	learner	NOUN
foster-181	333	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	333	11	before	before	ADV
foster-181	333	12	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	333	13	after	after	ADP
foster-181	333	14	the	the	DET
foster-181	333	15	introduction	introduction	NOUN
foster-181	333	16	of	of	ADP
foster-181	333	17	a	a	DET
foster-181	333	18	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	333	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	333	20	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	333	21	to	to	ADP
foster-181	333	22	the	the	DET
foster-181	333	23	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
foster-181	333	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	334	1	system	system	NOUN
foster-181	334	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	334	3	36(4	36(4	NUM
foster-181	334	4	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	334	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	334	6	607–623	607–623	NUM
foster-181	334	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	335	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2008.03.004	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2008.03.004	PROPN
foster-181	335	2	heugh	heugh	PROPN
foster-181	335	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	335	4	k.	k.	PROPN
foster-181	335	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	335	6	2000	2000	NUM
foster-181	335	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	335	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	336	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	336	2	case	case	NOUN
foster-181	336	3	against	against	ADP
foster-181	336	4	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
foster-181	336	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	336	6	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	336	7	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	336	8	in	in	ADP
foster-181	336	9	south	south	PROPN
foster-181	336	10	africa	africa	PROPN
foster-181	336	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	337	1	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	337	2	in	in	ADP
foster-181	337	3	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	337	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	337	5	18(2	18(2	NUM
foster-181	337	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	337	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	337	8	171	171	NUM
foster-181	337	9	-	-	SYM
foster-181	337	10	196	196	NUM
foster-181	337	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	338	1	ianos	iano	NOUN
foster-181	338	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	3	m.	m.	NOUN
foster-181	338	4	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	338	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	6	huguet	huguet	PROPN
foster-181	338	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	8	á	á	PROPN
foster-181	338	9	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	338	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	11	janés	janés	VERB
foster-181	338	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	13	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	338	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	15	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	338	16	lapresta	lapresta	PROPN
foster-181	338	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	338	18	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	338	19	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	338	20	2017a	2017a	NUM
foster-181	338	21	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	338	22	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	339	1	can	can	AUX
foster-181	339	2	language	language	VERB
foster-181	339	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	339	4	be	be	AUX
foster-181	339	5	improved	improve	VERB
foster-181	339	6	?	?	PUNCT
foster-181	340	1	a	a	DET
foster-181	340	2	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
foster-181	340	3	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	340	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	340	5	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
foster-181	340	6	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	340	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	340	8	catalonia	catalonia	PROPN
foster-181	340	9	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	340	10	spain	spain	PROPN
foster-181	340	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	340	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	341	1	international	international	ADJ
foster-181	341	2	journal	journal	PROPN
foster-181	341	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	341	4	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
foster-181	341	5	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	341	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	341	7	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
foster-181	341	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	341	9	20(3	20(3	NOUN
foster-181	341	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	341	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	341	12	331–345	331–345	NUM
foster-181	341	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	342	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2015.1051508	https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2015.1051508	PROPN
foster-181	342	2	ianos	ianos	PROPN
foster-181	342	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	342	4	m.	m.	NOUN
foster-181	342	5	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	342	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	342	7	huguet	huguet	NOUN
foster-181	342	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	342	9	à	à	X
foster-181	342	10	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	342	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	342	12	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	342	13	lapresta	lapresta	NOUN
foster-181	342	14	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	342	15	rey	rey	PROPN
foster-181	342	16	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	342	17	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	342	18	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	342	19	2017b	2017b	NUM
foster-181	342	20	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	342	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	343	1	attitudinal	attitudinal	ADJ
foster-181	343	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
foster-181	343	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	343	4	secondary	secondary	ADJ
foster-181	343	5	education	education	NOUN
foster-181	343	6	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	343	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	343	8	catalonia	catalonia	PROPN
foster-181	343	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	344	1	the	the	DET
foster-181	344	2	direct	direct	ADJ
foster-181	344	3	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	344	4	moderator	moderator	NOUN
foster-181	344	5	effects	effect	NOUN
foster-181	344	6	of	of	ADP
foster-181	344	7	origin	origin	NOUN
foster-181	344	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	345	1	journal	journal	NOUN
foster-181	345	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	345	3	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	345	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	345	5	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
foster-181	345	6	development	development	NOUN
foster-181	345	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	345	8	38(2	38(2	NOUN
foster-181	345	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	345	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	345	11	113–129	113–129	NUM
foster-181	345	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	346	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2016.1177060	https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2016.1177060	PROPN
foster-181	346	2	kormos	kormos	PROPN
foster-181	346	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	346	4	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	346	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	346	6	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	346	7	csizér	csizér	PROPN
foster-181	346	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	346	9	k.	k.	PROPN
foster-181	346	10	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	346	11	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	346	12	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	346	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	347	1	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	347	2	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	347	3	related	relate	VERB
foster-181	347	4	differences	difference	NOUN
foster-181	347	5	in	in	ADP
foster-181	347	6	the	the	DET
foster-181	347	7	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	347	8	of	of	ADP
foster-181	347	9	learning	learn	VERB
foster-181	347	10	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	347	11	as	as	ADP
foster-181	347	12	a	a	DET
foster-181	347	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	347	14	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	347	15	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	347	16	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	347	17	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	347	18	selves	self	NOUN
foster-181	347	19	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	347	20	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	347	21	motivated	motivated	ADJ
foster-181	347	22	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	347	23	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	347	24	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	348	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	348	2	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	348	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	348	4	58(2	58(2	NUM
foster-181	348	5	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	348	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	348	7	327–355	327–355	NUM
foster-181	348	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	349	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2008.00443	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2008.00443	NOUN
foster-181	349	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	350	1	larasati	larasati	PROPN
foster-181	350	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	350	3	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	350	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	350	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	350	6	simatupang	simatupang	PROPN
foster-181	350	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	350	8	a.	a.	NOUN
foster-181	350	9	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	350	10	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	350	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	350	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	351	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	351	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	351	3	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
foster-181	351	4	levels	level	NOUN
foster-181	351	5	of	of	ADP
foster-181	351	6	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	351	7	in	in	ADP
foster-181	351	8	jakarta	jakarta	PROPN
foster-181	351	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	352	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	352	2	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	352	3	society	society	NOUN
foster-181	352	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	352	5	3(2	3(2	NUM
foster-181	352	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	352	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	352	8	99	99	NUM
foster-181	352	9	-	-	SYM
foster-181	352	10	112	112	NUM
foster-181	352	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	353	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	353	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	NOUN
foster-181	353	3	copyright	copyright	NOUN
foster-181	353	4	©	©	PROPN
foster-181	353	5	the	the	DET
foster-181	353	6	author(s	author(s	PROPN
foster-181	353	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	353	8	vol.5	vol.5	PROPN
foster-181	353	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	353	10	no	no	INTJ
foster-181	353	11	.	.	NOUN
foster-181	353	12	3	3	NUM
foster-181	353	13	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	353	14	july	july	PROPN
foster-181	353	15	2024	2024	NUM
foster-181	353	16	e	e	NOUN
foster-181	353	17	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	353	18	issn	issn	ADJ
foster-181	353	19	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	353	20	2723	2723	NUM
foster-181	353	21	-	-	SYM
foster-181	353	22	4126	4126	NUM
foster-181	353	23	p	p	NOUN
foster-181	353	24	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	353	25	issn	issn	NOUN
foster-181	353	26	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	353	27	2776	2776	NUM
foster-181	353	28	-	-	SYM
foster-181	353	29	8880	8880	NUM
foster-181	353	30	206	206	NUM
foster-181	353	31	larson	larson	PROPN
foster-181	353	32	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	353	33	hall	hall	PROPN
foster-181	353	34	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	353	35	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	353	36	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	353	37	2008	2008	NUM
foster-181	353	38	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	353	39	weighing	weigh	VERB
foster-181	353	40	the	the	DET
foster-181	353	41	benefits	benefit	NOUN
foster-181	353	42	of	of	ADP
foster-181	353	43	studying	study	VERB
foster-181	353	44	a	a	DET
foster-181	353	45	foreign	foreign	ADJ
foster-181	353	46	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	353	47	at	at	ADP
foster-181	353	48	a	a	DET
foster-181	353	49	younger	young	ADJ
foster-181	353	50	starting	starting	NOUN
foster-181	353	51	age	age	NOUN
foster-181	353	52	in	in	ADP
foster-181	353	53	a	a	DET
foster-181	353	54	minimal	minimal	ADJ
foster-181	353	55	input	input	NOUN
foster-181	353	56	situation	situation	NOUN
foster-181	353	57	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	354	1	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	354	2	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	354	3	research	research	NOUN
foster-181	354	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	354	5	24(1	24(1	NUM
foster-181	354	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	354	7	https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658307082981	https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658307082981	NOUN
foster-181	354	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	355	1	lasagabaster	lasagabaster	PROPN
foster-181	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	355	3	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	355	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	355	5	2005	2005	NUM
foster-181	355	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	355	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	356	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	356	2	towards	towards	ADP
foster-181	356	3	basque	basque	ADJ
foster-181	356	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	356	5	spanish	spanish	ADJ
foster-181	356	6	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	356	7	english	english	PROPN
foster-181	356	8	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	356	9	an	an	DET
foster-181	356	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
foster-181	356	11	of	of	ADP
foster-181	356	12	the	the	DET
foster-181	356	13	most	most	ADV
foster-181	356	14	influential	influential	ADJ
foster-181	356	15	variables	variable	NOUN
foster-181	356	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	357	1	journal	journal	NOUN
foster-181	357	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	357	3	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	357	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	357	5	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
foster-181	357	6	development	development	NOUN
foster-181	357	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	357	8	26(4	26(4	NUM
foster-181	357	9	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	357	10	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	357	11	pp	pp	ADP
foster-181	357	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	358	1	296–316	296–316	NUM
foster-181	358	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	359	1	lomotey	lomotey	PROPN
foster-181	359	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	359	3	b.	b.	PROPN
foster-181	359	4	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	359	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	359	6	boasiako	boasiako	PROPN
foster-181	359	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	359	8	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	359	9	a	a	PRON
foster-181	359	10	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	359	11	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	359	12	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	359	13	investigating	investigate	VERB
foster-181	359	14	university	university	PROPN
foster-181	359	15	of	of	ADP
foster-181	359	16	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	359	17	students	student	NOUN
foster-181	359	18	beliefs	belief	NOUN
foster-181	359	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	359	20	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	359	21	about	about	ADP
foster-181	359	22	spanish	spanish	ADJ
foster-181	359	23	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	359	24	russian	russian	ADJ
foster-181	359	25	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	359	26	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	359	27	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	359	28	their	their	PRON
foster-181	359	29	effects	effect	NOUN
foster-181	359	30	on	on	ADP
foster-181	359	31	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	359	32	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	360	1	journal	journal	NOUN
foster-181	360	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	360	3	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	360	4	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	360	5	literature	literature	NOUN
foster-181	360	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	360	7	33	33	NUM
foster-181	360	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	361	1	issn:18167659/11/20/63	issn:18167659/11/20/63	NOUN
foster-181	361	2	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	361	3	85	85	NUM
foster-181	361	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	362	1	masgoret	masgoret	ADJ
foster-181	362	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	362	3	a.-m	a.-m	ADV
foster-181	362	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	362	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	362	6	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	362	7	gardner	gardner	PROPN
foster-181	362	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	362	9	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	362	10	c.	c.	PROPN
foster-181	362	11	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	362	12	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	362	13	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	362	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	363	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	363	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	363	3	motivation	motivation	NOUN
foster-181	363	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	363	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	363	6	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	363	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	363	8	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	363	9	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	363	10	a	a	DET
foster-181	363	11	meta	meta	ADJ
foster-181	363	12	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	363	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
foster-181	363	14	of	of	ADP
foster-181	363	15	studies	study	NOUN
foster-181	363	16	conducted	conduct	VERB
foster-181	363	17	by	by	ADP
foster-181	363	18	gardner	gardner	NOUN
foster-181	363	19	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	363	20	associates	associate	NOUN
foster-181	363	21	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	364	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	364	2	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	364	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	364	4	53(1	53(1	NOUN
foster-181	364	5	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	364	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	364	7	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	364	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	365	1	167–210	167–210	NUM
foster-181	365	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	366	1	https://doi.org:10.1111/1467	https://doi.org:10.1111/1467	DET
foster-181	366	2	9922.00227	9922.00227	PROPN
foster-181	366	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	367	1	milroy	milroy	PROPN
foster-181	367	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	367	3	l.	l.	PROPN
foster-181	367	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	367	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	367	6	preston	preston	PROPN
foster-181	367	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	367	8	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	367	9	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	367	10	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	367	11	1999	1999	NUM
foster-181	367	12	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	367	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	368	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	368	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	368	3	perception	perception	NOUN
foster-181	368	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	368	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	368	6	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	368	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	369	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
foster-181	369	2	university	university	PROPN
foster-181	369	3	press	press	NOUN
foster-181	369	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	370	1	mohamad	mohamad	PROPN
foster-181	370	2	nor	nor	CCONJ
foster-181	370	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	370	4	n.	n.	NOUN
foster-181	370	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	370	6	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	370	7	rashid	rashid	PROPN
foster-181	370	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	370	9	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	370	10	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	370	11	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	370	12	2018	2018	NUM
foster-181	370	13	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	370	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	371	1	a	a	DET
foster-181	371	2	review	review	NOUN
foster-181	371	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	371	4	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
foster-181	371	5	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
foster-181	371	6	on	on	ADP
foster-181	371	7	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	371	8	learning	learning	NOUN
foster-181	371	9	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	371	10	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	371	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	372	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	372	2	kasetsart	kasetsart	PROPN
foster-181	372	3	journal	journal	PROPN
foster-181	372	4	of	of	ADP
foster-181	372	5	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	372	6	sciences	science	NOUN
foster-181	372	7	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	372	8	vol	vol	NOUN
foster-181	372	9	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	372	10	39	39	NUM
foster-181	372	11	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	372	12	issue	issue	NOUN
foster-181	372	13	1	1	NUM
foster-181	372	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	372	15	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	372	16	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	373	1	161–167	161–167	NUM
foster-181	373	2	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	373	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	374	1	kasetsart	kasetsart	PROPN
foster-181	374	2	university	university	PROPN
foster-181	374	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	375	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.12.012	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.12.012	PROPN
foster-181	375	2	myers	myers	PROPN
foster-181	375	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	375	4	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	375	5	g.	g.	PROPN
foster-181	375	6	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	375	7	1993	1993	NUM
foster-181	375	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	375	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	376	1	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	376	2	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	376	3	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	376	4	4th	4th	ADJ
foster-181	376	5	ed	ed	NOUN
foster-181	376	6	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	376	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	376	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	377	1	mcgraw	mcgraw	PROPN
foster-181	377	2	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	377	3	hill	hill	PROPN
foster-181	377	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	378	1	olson	olson	PROPN
foster-181	378	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	378	3	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	378	4	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	378	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	378	6	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	378	7	maio	maio	PROPN
foster-181	378	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	378	9	g.	g.	PROPN
foster-181	378	10	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	378	11	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	378	12	2003	2003	NUM
foster-181	378	13	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	378	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	379	1	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	379	2	in	in	ADP
foster-181	379	3	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	379	4	behavior	behavior	NOUN
foster-181	379	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	380	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	380	2	t.	t.	PROPN
foster-181	380	3	millon	millon	PROPN
foster-181	380	4	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	380	5	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	380	6	j.	j.	PROPN
foster-181	380	7	lerner	lerner	PROPN
foster-181	380	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	380	9	eds	eds	PROPN
foster-181	380	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	380	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	380	12	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	380	13	handbook	handbook	NOUN
foster-181	380	14	of	of	ADP
foster-181	380	15	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	380	16	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	380	17	personality	personality	NOUN
foster-181	380	18	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	380	19	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	380	20	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	380	21	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	380	22	vol	vol	NOUN
foster-181	380	23	.	.	PROPN
foster-181	380	24	5	5	NUM
foster-181	380	25	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	380	26	pp	pp	ADJ
foster-181	380	27	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	381	1	299–325	299–325	NUM
foster-181	381	2	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	381	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	382	1	wiley	wiley	PROPN
foster-181	382	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	383	1	oppenheim	oppenheim	PROPN
foster-181	383	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	383	3	a.	a.	PROPN
foster-181	383	4	n.	n.	PROPN
foster-181	383	5	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	383	6	2000	2000	NUM
foster-181	383	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	383	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	384	1	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
foster-181	384	2	design	design	NOUN
foster-181	384	3	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	384	4	interviewing	interview	VERB
foster-181	384	5	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	384	6	attitude	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	384	7	measurement	measurement	NOUN
foster-181	384	8	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	385	1	london	london	PROPN
foster-181	385	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	385	3	uk	uk	PROPN
foster-181	385	4	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	385	5	continuum	continuum	ADJ
foster-181	385	6	international	international	ADJ
foster-181	385	7	publishing	publishing	NOUN
foster-181	385	8	group	group	NOUN
foster-181	385	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	386	1	sarfo	sarfo	PROPN
foster-181	386	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	386	3	e.	e.	PROPN
foster-181	386	4	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	386	5	2012	2012	NUM
foster-181	386	6	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	386	7	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	387	1	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	387	2	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	387	3	in	in	ADP
foster-181	387	4	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	387	5	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	387	6	a	a	DET
foster-181	387	7	case	case	NOUN
foster-181	387	8	study	study	NOUN
foster-181	387	9	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	388	1	ghanaian	ghanaian	ADJ
foster-181	388	2	journal	journal	NOUN
foster-181	388	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	388	4	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	388	5	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	388	6	1(1	1(1	NUM
foster-181	388	7	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	388	8	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	388	9	14	14	NUM
foster-181	388	10	-	-	SYM
foster-181	388	11	28	28	NUM
foster-181	388	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	389	1	stahlberg	stahlberg	PROPN
foster-181	389	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	389	3	d	d	PROPN
foster-181	389	4	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	389	5	frey	frey	PROPN
foster-181	389	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	389	7	d.	d.	PROPN
foster-181	389	8	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	389	9	1996	1996	NUM
foster-181	389	10	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	389	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
foster-181	389	12	:	:	PUNCT
foster-181	389	13	structure	structure	NOUN
foster-181	389	14	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	389	15	measurement	measurement	NOUN
foster-181	389	16	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	389	17	function	function	NOUN
foster-181	389	18	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	390	1	in	in	ADP
foster-181	390	2	m	m	PROPN
foster-181	390	3	hewstone	hewstone	NOUN
foster-181	390	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	390	5	w.	w.	PROPN
foster-181	390	6	stroebe	stroebe	PROPN
foster-181	390	7	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	390	8	g.	g.	PROPN
foster-181	390	9	m.	m.	PROPN
foster-181	390	10	stephenson	stephenson	PROPN
foster-181	390	11	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	391	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
foster-181	391	2	to	to	ADP
foster-181	391	3	social	social	ADJ
foster-181	391	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
foster-181	391	5	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	392	1	2nd	2nd	PROPN
foster-181	392	2	edition	edition	PROPN
foster-181	392	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	393	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
foster-181	393	2	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
foster-181	393	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	394	1	pp	pp	ADV
foster-181	394	2	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	395	1	205	205	NUM
foster-181	395	2	-	-	SYM
foster-181	395	3	239	239	NUM
foster-181	395	4	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	396	1	tom	tom	PROPN
foster-181	396	2	-	-	PUNCT
foster-181	396	3	lawyer	lawyer	NOUN
foster-181	396	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	396	5	o.	o.	PROPN
foster-181	396	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	396	7	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	396	8	thomas	thomas	PROPN
foster-181	396	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	396	10	f.	f.	PROPN
foster-181	396	11	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	396	12	2020	2020	NUM
foster-181	396	13	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	396	14	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	397	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
foster-181	397	2	of	of	ADP
foster-181	397	3	implementing	implement	VERB
foster-181	397	4	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	397	5	policies	policy	NOUN
foster-181	397	6	in	in	ADP
foster-181	397	7	ghana	ghana	PROPN
foster-181	397	8	and	and	CCONJ
foster-181	397	9	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
foster-181	397	10	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	398	1	international	international	ADJ
foster-181	398	2	journal	journal	PROPN
foster-181	398	3	of	of	ADP
foster-181	398	4	applied	applied	ADJ
foster-181	398	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
foster-181	398	6	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	398	7	30(2	30(2	NUM
foster-181	398	8	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	398	9	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	398	10	87	87	NUM
foster-181	398	11	-	-	SYM
foster-181	398	12	102	102	NUM
foster-181	398	13	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	399	1	towell	towell	PROPN
foster-181	399	2	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	399	3	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	399	4	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	399	5	&	&	CCONJ
foster-181	399	6	hawkins	hawkins	PROPN
foster-181	399	7	,	,	PUNCT
foster-181	399	8	r.	r.	PROPN
foster-181	399	9	(	(	PUNCT
foster-181	399	10	1994	1994	NUM
foster-181	399	11	)	)	PUNCT
foster-181	399	12	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	400	1	approaches	approach	NOUN
foster-181	400	2	to	to	ADP
foster-181	400	3	second	second	ADJ
foster-181	400	4	language	language	NOUN
foster-181	400	5	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
foster-181	400	6	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	401	1	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
foster-181	401	2	matters	matter	NOUN
foster-181	401	3	.	.	PUNCT
foster-181	402	1	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	X
foster-181	402	2	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	http://u.lipi.go.id/1593190689	PUNCT