id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
fis-5437	1	1	template	template	NOUN
fis-5437	1	2	fis	fis	PROPN
fis-5437	1	3	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	1	4	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	1	5	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	1	6	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	1	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	8	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	1	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	1	10	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	1	11	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	1	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	13	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	1	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	15	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	1	16	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	17	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	1	18	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	1	19	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	1	20	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	21	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	1	22	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	23	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	1	24	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	1	25	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	1	26	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	27	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	1	28	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	1	29	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	1	30	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	1	31	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	1	32	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	1	33	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	1	34	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	1	35	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	36	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	1	37	scheme	scheme	NOUN
fis-5437	1	38	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	1	39	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	1	40	patterns	pattern	NOUN
fis-5437	1	41	zhihua	zhihua	PROPN
fis-5437	1	42	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	1	43	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	44	di	di	PROPN
fis-5437	1	45	di	di	PROPN
fis-5437	1	46	*	*	PROPN
fis-5437	1	47	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	48	hui	hui	PROPN
fis-5437	1	49	wang	wang	PROPN
fis-5437	1	50	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	51	zhenhua	zhenhua	PROPN
fis-5437	1	52	pan	pan	PROPN
fis-5437	1	53	college	college	PROPN
fis-5437	1	54	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	1	55	water	water	NOUN
fis-5437	1	56	resources	resource	NOUN
fis-5437	1	57	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	1	58	architectural	architectural	ADJ
fis-5437	1	59	engineering	engineering	NOUN
fis-5437	1	60	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	61	northwest	northwest	PROPN
fis-5437	1	62	a&f	a&f	PROPN
fis-5437	1	63	university	university	NOUN
fis-5437	1	64	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	65	yangling	yangling	NOUN
fis-5437	1	66	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	67	china	china	PROPN
fis-5437	1	68	xiongzhihua_2013@126.com	xiongzhihua_2013@126.com	PROPN
fis-5437	1	69	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	70	http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8796-1004	http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8796-1004	PROPN
fis-5437	1	71	2022055844@nwafu.edu.cn	2022055844@nwafu.edu.cn	NUM
fis-5437	1	72	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	73	https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7465-966x	https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7465-966x	PROPN
fis-5437	1	74	18112096768@nwafu.edu.cn	18112096768@nwafu.edu.cn	NUM
fis-5437	1	75	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	76	2022050880@nwafu.edu.cn	2022050880@nwafu.edu.cn	NUM
fis-5437	1	77	markus	markus	NOUN
fis-5437	1	78	feldmann	feldmann	PROPN
fis-5437	1	79	institute	institute	NOUN
fis-5437	1	80	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	1	81	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	1	82	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	1	83	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	84	rwth	rwth	PROPN
fis-5437	1	85	aachen	aachen	PROPN
fis-5437	1	86	university	university	PROPN
fis-5437	1	87	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	88	aachen	aachen	PROPN
fis-5437	1	89	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	1	90	germany	germany	PROPN
fis-5437	1	91	feldmann@stb.rwth-aachen.de	feldmann@stb.rwth-aachen.de	NUM
fis-5437	1	92	keywords	keyword	NOUN
fis-5437	1	93	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	2	1	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	2	2	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	2	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	2	4	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	2	5	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	2	7	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	2	8	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	2	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	2	10	girderabutment	girderabutment	NOUN
fis-5437	2	11	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	2	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	2	13	jointless	jointless	ADJ
fis-5437	2	14	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	2	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	3	1	citation	citation	NOUN
fis-5437	3	2	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	1	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	3	z	z	PROPN
fis-5437	4	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	5	di	di	PROPN
fis-5437	4	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	7	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	4	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	9	wang	wang	PROPN
fis-5437	4	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	11	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	13	pan	pan	PROPN
fis-5437	4	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	15	z	z	NOUN
fis-5437	4	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	17	feldmann	feldmann	NOUN
fis-5437	4	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	19	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	4	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	21	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	4	22	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	4	23	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	4	24	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	4	25	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	4	26	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	4	27	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	28	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	4	29	scheme	scheme	NOUN
fis-5437	4	30	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	4	31	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	4	32	patterns	pattern	NOUN
fis-5437	4	33	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	34	fracture	fracture	NOUN
fis-5437	4	35	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	4	36	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	4	37	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	4	38	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	39	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	4	40	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	41	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	4	42	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	43	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	4	44	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	4	45	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	4	46	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	47	received	receive	VERB
fis-5437	4	48	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	49	24.03.2025	24.03.2025	PROPN
fis-5437	4	50	accepted	accept	VERB
fis-5437	4	51	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	52	13.06.2025	13.06.2025	NUM
fis-5437	4	53	published	publish	VERB
fis-5437	4	54	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	55	19.06.2025	19.06.2025	NUM
fis-5437	4	56	issue	issue	NOUN
fis-5437	4	57	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	58	07.2025	07.2025	NUM
fis-5437	4	59	copyright	copyright	NOUN
fis-5437	4	60	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	61	©	©	PROPN
fis-5437	4	62	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	4	63	this	this	PRON
fis-5437	4	64	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	4	65	an	an	DET
fis-5437	4	66	open	open	ADJ
fis-5437	4	67	access	access	NOUN
fis-5437	4	68	article	article	NOUN
fis-5437	4	69	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	4	70	the	the	DET
fis-5437	4	71	terms	term	NOUN
fis-5437	4	72	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	4	73	the	the	DET
fis-5437	4	74	cc	cc	NOUN
fis-5437	4	75	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	76	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	4	77	4.0	4.0	NUM
fis-5437	4	78	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	79	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	4	80	permits	permit	VERB
fis-5437	4	81	unrestricted	unrestricted	ADJ
fis-5437	4	82	use	use	NOUN
fis-5437	4	83	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	84	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	4	85	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	86	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	4	87	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
fis-5437	4	88	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	4	89	any	any	DET
fis-5437	4	90	medium	medium	NOUN
fis-5437	4	91	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	4	92	provided	provide	VERB
fis-5437	4	93	the	the	DET
fis-5437	4	94	original	original	ADJ
fis-5437	4	95	author	author	NOUN
fis-5437	4	96	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	4	97	source	source	NOUN
fis-5437	4	98	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	4	99	credited	credit	VERB
fis-5437	4	100	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	5	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
fis-5437	5	2	ntegral	ntegral	ADJ
fis-5437	5	3	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	5	4	offer	offer	VERB
fis-5437	5	5	significant	significant	ADJ
fis-5437	5	6	advantages	advantage	NOUN
fis-5437	5	7	over	over	ADP
fis-5437	5	8	traditional	traditional	ADJ
fis-5437	5	9	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	5	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	5	11	including	include	VERB
fis-5437	5	12	reduced	reduce	VERB
fis-5437	5	13	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	5	14	costs	cost	NOUN
fis-5437	5	15	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	5	16	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
fis-5437	5	17	expansion	expansion	NOUN
fis-5437	5	18	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	5	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	5	20	associated	associated	ADJ
fis-5437	5	21	replacement	replacement	NOUN
fis-5437	5	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	6	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
fis-5437	6	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	6	3	they	they	PRON
fis-5437	6	4	enhance	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	6	5	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	6	6	durability	durability	NOUN
fis-5437	6	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	6	8	safety	safety	NOUN
fis-5437	6	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	6	10	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	6	11	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
fis-5437	6	12	expenses	expense	NOUN
fis-5437	6	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	6	14	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	6	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
fis-5437	6	16	reduce	reduce	VERB
fis-5437	6	17	lifecycle	lifecycle	NOUN
fis-5437	6	18	costs	cost	NOUN
fis-5437	6	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	7	1	however	however	ADV
fis-5437	7	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	7	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	7	4	long	long	ADJ
fis-5437	7	5	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	7	6	term	term	NOUN
fis-5437	7	7	shrinkage	shrinkage	NOUN
fis-5437	7	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	7	9	creep	creep	NOUN
fis-5437	7	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	7	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	7	12	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	7	13	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	7	14	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	7	15	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
fis-5437	7	16	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	7	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	7	18	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	7	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	7	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	7	21	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	7	22	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	7	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	7	24	resulting	result	VERB
fis-5437	7	25	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	7	26	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
fis-5437	7	27	displacement	displacement	NOUN
fis-5437	7	28	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	7	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	7	30	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	7	31	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	7	32	even	even	ADV
fis-5437	7	33	causing	cause	VERB
fis-5437	7	34	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
fis-5437	7	35	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	7	36	the	the	DET
fis-5437	7	37	connector	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	7	38	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	8	1	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	8	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	8	3	meantime	meantime	NOUN
fis-5437	8	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	8	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	8	6	action	action	NOUN
fis-5437	8	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	8	8	traffic	traffic	NOUN
fis-5437	8	9	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	8	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	8	11	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	8	12	cycling	cycling	NOUN
fis-5437	8	13	also	also	ADV
fis-5437	8	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	8	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	8	16	possibility	possibility	NOUN
fis-5437	8	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	8	18	crack	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	8	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	8	20	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
fis-5437	8	21	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	8	22	traditional	traditional	ADJ
fis-5437	8	23	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	1	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	9	2	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	9	3	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	9	4	generally	generally	ADV
fis-5437	9	5	categorized	categorize	VERB
fis-5437	9	6	into	into	ADP
fis-5437	9	7	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	9	8	types	type	NOUN
fis-5437	9	9	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	10	fully	fully	ADV
fis-5437	9	11	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	9	12	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	9	13	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	9	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	15	iabs	iab	NOUN
fis-5437	9	16	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	18	semi	semi	ADJ
fis-5437	9	19	-	-	ADJ
fis-5437	9	20	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	9	21	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	9	22	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	9	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	24	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	9	25	extended	extended	ADJ
fis-5437	9	26	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	9	27	slab	slab	NOUN
fis-5437	9	28	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	9	29	[	[	X
fis-5437	9	30	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	9	31	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	9	32	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	10	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	10	2	economic	economic	ADJ
fis-5437	10	3	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	10	4	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	10	5	benefits	benefit	NOUN
fis-5437	10	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	10	7	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	10	8	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	10	9	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	10	10	particularly	particularly	ADV
fis-5437	10	11	i	i	PRON
fis-5437	10	12	mailto:xiongzhihua_2013@126.com	mailto:xiongzhihua_2013@126.com	VERB
fis-5437	10	13	mailto:18112096768@nwafu.edu.cn	mailto:18112096768@nwafu.edu.cn	PROPN
fis-5437	10	14	mailto:2022050880@nwafu.edu.cn	mailto:2022050880@nwafu.edu.cn	PROPN
fis-5437	10	15	https://youtu.be/xor0yyakk3c	https://youtu.be/xor0yyakk3c	NOUN
fis-5437	10	16	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	10	17	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	10	18	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	10	19	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	10	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	10	21	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	10	22	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	10	23	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	10	24	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	10	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	10	26	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	10	27	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	10	28	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	10	29	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	11	1	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	11	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	11	3	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	11	4	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	11	5	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	11	6	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	11	7	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	11	8	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	11	9	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	11	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	11	11	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	11	12	268	268	NUM
fis-5437	11	13	notable	notable	ADJ
fis-5437	11	14	[	[	X
fis-5437	11	15	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	11	16	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	11	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	12	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	12	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	12	3	united	united	PROPN
fis-5437	12	4	states	states	PROPN
fis-5437	12	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	12	6	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	12	7	least	least	ADJ
fis-5437	12	8	27	27	NUM
fis-5437	12	9	states	state	NOUN
fis-5437	12	10	have	have	AUX
fis-5437	12	11	recognized	recognize	VERB
fis-5437	12	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	12	13	cost	cost	NOUN
fis-5437	12	14	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	12	15	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
fis-5437	12	16	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	12	17	jointless	jointless	ADJ
fis-5437	12	18	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	13	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	13	2	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	13	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	13	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	13	5	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	13	6	provide	provide	VERB
fis-5437	13	7	improved	improve	VERB
fis-5437	13	8	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	13	9	resistance	resistance	NOUN
fis-5437	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	13	11	superior	superior	ADJ
fis-5437	13	12	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	13	13	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	13	14	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	13	15	conditions	condition	NOUN
fis-5437	13	16	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	13	17	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	13	18	their	their	PRON
fis-5437	13	19	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
fis-5437	13	20	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	13	21	redundancy	redundancy	NOUN
fis-5437	13	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	14	1	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	14	2	fragility	fragility	NOUN
fis-5437	14	3	curves	curve	NOUN
fis-5437	14	4	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	14	5	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
fis-5437	14	6	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	14	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	14	8	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
fis-5437	14	9	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	14	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	14	11	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	14	12	frame	frame	NOUN
fis-5437	14	13	were	be	AUX
fis-5437	14	14	reported	report	VERB
fis-5437	14	15	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	14	16	[	[	X
fis-5437	14	17	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	14	18	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	14	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	15	1	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	15	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	15	3	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	15	4	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	15	5	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	15	6	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	15	7	widely	widely	ADV
fis-5437	15	8	used	use	VERB
fis-5437	15	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	15	10	iabs	iab	NOUN
fis-5437	15	11	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	15	12	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	15	13	their	their	PRON
fis-5437	15	14	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
fis-5437	15	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	15	16	high	high	ADJ
fis-5437	15	17	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	15	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	15	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	15	20	ability	ability	NOUN
fis-5437	15	21	to	to	PART
fis-5437	15	22	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
fis-5437	15	23	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	15	24	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	15	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	16	1	arsoy	arsoy	NOUN
fis-5437	16	2	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	16	3	al	al	PROPN
fis-5437	16	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	17	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	17	2	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	17	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	17	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	17	5	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	17	6	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	17	7	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	17	8	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	17	9	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	17	10	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	17	11	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	17	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	17	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
fis-5437	17	14	choice	choice	NOUN
fis-5437	17	15	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	17	16	iabs	iab	NOUN
fis-5437	17	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	18	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	18	2	terms	term	NOUN
fis-5437	18	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	18	4	soilstructure	soilstructure	NOUN
fis-5437	18	5	interactions	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	18	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	18	7	iabs	iab	NOUN
fis-5437	18	8	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	18	9	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	18	10	action	action	NOUN
fis-5437	18	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	18	12	parametric	parametric	ADJ
fis-5437	18	13	studies	study	NOUN
fis-5437	18	14	indicated	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	18	15	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	18	16	low	low	ADJ
fis-5437	18	17	friction	friction	NOUN
fis-5437	18	18	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	18	19	dilatancy	dilatancy	NOUN
fis-5437	18	20	angles	angle	NOUN
fis-5437	18	21	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	18	22	granular	granular	ADJ
fis-5437	18	23	fill	fill	NOUN
fis-5437	18	24	resulted	result	VERB
fis-5437	18	25	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	18	26	unfavorable	unfavorable	ADJ
fis-5437	18	27	settlement	settlement	NOUN
fis-5437	18	28	patterns	pattern	NOUN
fis-5437	18	29	[	[	X
fis-5437	18	30	6	6	NUM
fis-5437	18	31	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	18	32	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	19	1	shaking	shake	VERB
fis-5437	19	2	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	19	3	tests	test	NOUN
fis-5437	19	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	19	5	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	19	6	compressible	compressible	ADJ
fis-5437	19	7	inclusions	inclusion	NOUN
fis-5437	19	8	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	19	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	19	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	19	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	19	12	backfill	backfill	NOUN
fis-5437	19	13	effectively	effectively	ADV
fis-5437	19	14	reduce	reduce	VERB
fis-5437	19	15	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	19	16	accelerations	acceleration	NOUN
fis-5437	19	17	transmitted	transmit	VERB
fis-5437	19	18	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	19	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	19	20	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	19	21	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	19	22	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	19	23	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
fis-5437	19	24	settlements	settlement	NOUN
fis-5437	19	25	[	[	X
fis-5437	19	26	7	7	NUM
fis-5437	19	27	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	19	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	20	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	20	2	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	20	3	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	20	4	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	20	5	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	20	6	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	20	7	a	a	DET
fis-5437	20	8	critical	critical	ADJ
fis-5437	20	9	component	component	NOUN
fis-5437	20	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	20	11	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	20	12	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	20	13	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	20	14	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	20	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	21	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	21	2	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	21	3	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	21	4	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	21	5	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	21	6	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	21	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	21	8	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	21	9	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	21	10	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	21	11	essential	essential	ADJ
fis-5437	21	12	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	21	13	transmitting	transmit	VERB
fis-5437	21	14	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	21	15	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	21	16	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	21	17	preventing	prevent	VERB
fis-5437	21	18	relative	relative	ADJ
fis-5437	21	19	slip	slip	NOUN
fis-5437	21	20	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	21	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	21	22	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	21	23	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	21	24	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	21	25	interface	interface	NOUN
fis-5437	21	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	22	1	this	this	PRON
fis-5437	22	2	ensures	ensure	VERB
fis-5437	22	3	effective	effective	ADJ
fis-5437	22	4	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	22	5	action	action	NOUN
fis-5437	22	6	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	22	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	22	8	two	two	NUM
fis-5437	22	9	materials	material	NOUN
fis-5437	22	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	23	1	kim	kim	PROPN
fis-5437	23	2	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	23	3	al	al	PROPN
fis-5437	23	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	24	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	24	2	8	8	NUM
fis-5437	24	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	24	4	investigated	investigate	VERB
fis-5437	24	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	24	6	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	24	7	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	24	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	24	9	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	24	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	24	11	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	24	12	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	24	13	installing	instal	VERB
fis-5437	24	14	welded	weld	VERB
fis-5437	24	15	nail	nail	NOUN
fis-5437	24	16	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	24	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	24	18	stiffener	stiffener	NOUN
fis-5437	24	19	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	24	20	enhances	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	24	21	joint	joint	ADJ
fis-5437	24	22	stiffness	stiffness	NOUN
fis-5437	24	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	24	24	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	24	25	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	24	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	24	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	24	28	crack	crack	VERB
fis-5437	24	29	resistance	resistance	NOUN
fis-5437	24	30	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	25	1	conventional	conventional	ADJ
fis-5437	25	2	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	25	3	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	25	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	25	5	such	such	ADJ
fis-5437	25	6	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	25	7	stud	stud	NOUN
fis-5437	25	8	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	25	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	25	10	perfobond	perfobond	ADJ
fis-5437	25	11	strip	strip	PROPN
fis-5437	25	12	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	25	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	25	14	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	25	15	widely	widely	ADV
fis-5437	25	16	employed	employ	VERB
fis-5437	25	17	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	25	18	steelconcrete	steelconcrete	NOUN
fis-5437	25	19	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	25	20	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	25	21	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	26	1	however	however	ADV
fis-5437	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	26	3	perfobond	perfobond	ADJ
fis-5437	26	4	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	26	5	encounter	encounter	VERB
fis-5437	26	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
fis-5437	26	7	related	relate	VERB
fis-5437	26	8	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	26	9	rebar	rebar	ADJ
fis-5437	26	10	penetration	penetration	NOUN
fis-5437	26	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	27	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	27	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
fis-5437	27	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	27	4	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	27	5	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	27	6	overcome	overcome	VERB
fis-5437	27	7	these	these	DET
fis-5437	27	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
fis-5437	27	9	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	27	10	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
fis-5437	27	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	27	12	need	need	NOUN
fis-5437	27	13	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	27	14	specialized	specialized	ADJ
fis-5437	27	15	welding	welding	NOUN
fis-5437	27	16	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	27	17	delivering	deliver	VERB
fis-5437	27	18	robust	robust	ADJ
fis-5437	27	19	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	27	20	even	even	ADV
fis-5437	27	21	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	27	22	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	27	23	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	27	24	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	27	25	materials	material	NOUN
fis-5437	27	26	[	[	X
fis-5437	27	27	9	9	NUM
fis-5437	27	28	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	27	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	27	30	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	27	31	stimulates	stimulate	VERB
fis-5437	27	32	this	this	DET
fis-5437	27	33	work	work	NOUN
fis-5437	27	34	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	27	35	the	the	DET
fis-5437	27	36	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	27	37	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	27	38	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	27	39	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	27	40	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	28	1	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	28	2	regarding	regard	VERB
fis-5437	28	3	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	28	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	28	5	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
fis-5437	28	6	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	28	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	28	8	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	28	9	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	28	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	28	11	we	we	PRON
fis-5437	28	12	[	[	X
fis-5437	28	13	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	28	14	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	28	15	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	28	16	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	28	17	analyzed	analyze	VERB
fis-5437	28	18	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	28	19	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	28	20	crack	crack	VERB
fis-5437	28	21	propagation	propagation	NOUN
fis-5437	28	22	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	28	23	flexural	flexural	ADJ
fis-5437	28	24	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	28	25	pure	pure	ADJ
fis-5437	28	26	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	28	27	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	28	28	revealing	reveal	VERB
fis-5437	28	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	28	30	relationships	relationship	NOUN
fis-5437	28	31	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	28	32	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	28	33	intensity	intensity	NOUN
fis-5437	28	34	factor	factor	NOUN
fis-5437	28	35	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	28	36	crack	crack	VERB
fis-5437	28	37	length	length	NOUN
fis-5437	28	38	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	29	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	29	2	european	european	PROPN
fis-5437	29	3	design	design	PROPN
fis-5437	29	4	manual	manual	NOUN
fis-5437	29	5	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	29	6	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	29	7	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	29	8	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	29	9	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	29	10	[	[	X
fis-5437	29	11	12	12	NUM
fis-5437	29	12	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	29	13	proposes	propose	VERB
fis-5437	29	14	a	a	DET
fis-5437	29	15	joint	joint	ADJ
fis-5437	29	16	configuration	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	29	17	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	29	18	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	29	19	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	29	20	fig.1(a	fig.1(a	NOUN
fis-5437	29	21	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	29	22	wherein	wherein	SCONJ
fis-5437	29	23	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	29	24	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	29	25	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	29	26	directly	directly	ADV
fis-5437	29	27	placed	place	VERB
fis-5437	29	28	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	29	29	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	29	30	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	29	31	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	30	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	30	2	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	30	3	eliminates	eliminate	VERB
fis-5437	30	4	batch	batch	VERB
fis-5437	30	5	casting	cast	VERB
fis-5437	30	6	requirements	requirement	NOUN
fis-5437	30	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	30	8	transmits	transmit	VERB
fis-5437	30	9	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	30	10	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	30	11	via	via	ADP
fis-5437	30	12	weld	weld	NOUN
fis-5437	30	13	studs	stud	NOUN
fis-5437	30	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	30	15	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	30	16	transfers	transfer	VERB
fis-5437	30	17	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	30	18	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	30	19	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	30	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	30	21	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	30	22	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	30	23	through	through	ADP
fis-5437	30	24	a	a	DET
fis-5437	30	25	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	30	26	flange	flange	NOUN
fis-5437	30	27	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	30	28	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	30	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	31	1	ashiduka	ashiduka	PROPN
fis-5437	31	2	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	31	3	al	al	PROPN
fis-5437	31	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	32	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	32	2	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	32	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	32	4	introduced	introduce	VERB
fis-5437	32	5	an	an	DET
fis-5437	32	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
fis-5437	32	7	joint	joint	ADJ
fis-5437	32	8	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	32	9	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	32	10	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	32	11	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	32	12	fig.1(b	fig.1(b	NOUN
fis-5437	32	13	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	32	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	32	15	utilizing	utilize	VERB
fis-5437	32	16	direct	direct	ADJ
fis-5437	32	17	holes	hole	NOUN
fis-5437	32	18	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	32	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	32	20	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	32	21	’s	’s	PART
fis-5437	32	22	flange	flange	NOUN
fis-5437	32	23	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	32	24	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	32	25	to	to	PART
fis-5437	32	26	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
fis-5437	32	27	perforated	perforate	VERB
fis-5437	32	28	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	32	29	bars	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	32	30	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	33	1	riches	rich	NOUN
fis-5437	33	2	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	33	3	al	al	PROPN
fis-5437	33	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	34	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	34	2	14	14	NUM
fis-5437	34	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	34	4	proposed	propose	VERB
fis-5437	34	5	a	a	DET
fis-5437	34	6	configuration	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	34	7	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	34	8	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	34	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	34	10	fig.1(c	fig.1(c	NOUN
fis-5437	34	11	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	34	12	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
fis-5437	34	13	a	a	DET
fis-5437	34	14	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	34	15	flange	flange	NOUN
fis-5437	34	16	end	end	NOUN
fis-5437	34	17	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	34	18	to	to	PART
fis-5437	34	19	disperse	disperse	VERB
fis-5437	34	20	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
fis-5437	34	21	loads	load	NOUN
fis-5437	34	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	34	23	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	34	24	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	34	25	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	34	26	transmitted	transmit	VERB
fis-5437	34	27	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	34	28	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	34	29	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	34	30	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	35	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	35	2	japan	japan	PROPN
fis-5437	35	3	road	road	PROPN
fis-5437	35	4	research	research	PROPN
fis-5437	35	5	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
fis-5437	35	6	[	[	X
fis-5437	35	7	15	15	NUM
fis-5437	35	8	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	35	9	conducted	conduct	VERB
fis-5437	35	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	35	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	35	12	numerical	numerical	ADJ
fis-5437	35	13	studies	study	NOUN
fis-5437	35	14	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	35	15	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	35	16	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	35	17	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	35	18	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	35	19	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	35	20	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	35	21	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	35	22	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	35	23	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	35	24	fig.1(d	fig.1(d	NOUN
fis-5437	35	25	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	35	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	35	27	analyzing	analyze	VERB
fis-5437	35	28	component	component	NOUN
fis-5437	35	29	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	35	30	level	level	NOUN
fis-5437	35	31	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	35	32	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	35	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	36	1	briseghella	briseghella	NOUN
fis-5437	36	2	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	36	3	al	al	PROPN
fis-5437	36	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	37	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	37	2	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	37	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	37	4	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	37	5	developed	develop	VERB
fis-5437	37	6	a	a	DET
fis-5437	37	7	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	37	8	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	37	9	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	37	10	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	37	11	fig.1(e	fig.1(e	ADV
fis-5437	37	12	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	37	13	experimentally	experimentally	ADV
fis-5437	37	14	validated	validate	VERB
fis-5437	37	15	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	37	16	hysteretic	hysteretic	ADJ
fis-5437	37	17	behavior	behavior	NOUN
fis-5437	37	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	37	19	employing	employ	VERB
fis-5437	37	20	headless	headless	ADJ
fis-5437	37	21	weld	weld	NOUN
fis-5437	37	22	studs	stud	NOUN
fis-5437	37	23	to	to	PART
fis-5437	37	24	transfer	transfer	VERB
fis-5437	37	25	vertical	vertical	ADJ
fis-5437	37	26	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	37	27	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	37	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	37	29	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	37	30	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	37	31	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	37	32	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	37	33	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	37	34	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	37	35	transmitted	transmit	VERB
fis-5437	37	36	through	through	ADP
fis-5437	37	37	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	37	38	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	37	39	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	37	40	a	a	DET
fis-5437	37	41	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	37	42	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	37	43	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	38	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
fis-5437	38	2	their	their	PRON
fis-5437	38	3	merits	merit	NOUN
fis-5437	38	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	38	5	these	these	DET
fis-5437	38	6	configurations	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	38	7	face	face	VERB
fis-5437	38	8	practical	practical	ADJ
fis-5437	38	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
fis-5437	38	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	38	11	including	include	VERB
fis-5437	38	12	stud	stud	NOUN
fis-5437	38	13	welding	welding	NOUN
fis-5437	38	14	complexities	complexity	NOUN
fis-5437	38	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	38	16	rebar	rebar	ADJ
fis-5437	38	17	penetration	penetration	NOUN
fis-5437	38	18	issues	issue	NOUN
fis-5437	38	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	38	20	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	38	21	casting	cast	VERB
fis-5437	38	22	dead	dead	ADJ
fis-5437	38	23	zones	zone	NOUN
fis-5437	38	24	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	38	25	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	38	26	welding	weld	VERB
fis-5437	38	27	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
fis-5437	38	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	39	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	39	2	address	address	VERB
fis-5437	39	3	these	these	DET
fis-5437	39	4	limitations	limitation	NOUN
fis-5437	39	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	39	6	this	this	DET
fis-5437	39	7	study	study	NOUN
fis-5437	39	8	proposes	propose	VERB
fis-5437	39	9	a	a	DET
fis-5437	39	10	novel	novel	ADJ
fis-5437	39	11	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	39	12	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	39	13	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	39	14	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
fis-5437	39	15	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	39	16	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	39	17	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	39	18	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	39	19	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	39	20	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	39	21	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	39	22	1(f	1(f	NUM
fis-5437	39	23	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	39	24	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	39	25	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	39	26	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	39	27	elaborated	elaborate	VERB
fis-5437	39	28	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	39	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	39	30	following	follow	VERB
fis-5437	39	31	sections	section	NOUN
fis-5437	39	32	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	1	stud	stud	NOUN
fis-5437	40	2	rebar	rebar	ADJ
fis-5437	40	3	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	40	4	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	40	5	simplicity	simplicity	NOUN
fis-5437	40	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	40	7	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	40	8	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	40	9	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
fis-5437	40	10	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	11	a)[12	a)[12	PROPN
fis-5437	40	12	]	]	X
fis-5437	40	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	14	c)[14	c)[14	VERB
fis-5437	40	15	]	]	X
fis-5437	40	16	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	17	d)[15	d)[15	X
fis-5437	40	18	]	]	X
fis-5437	40	19	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	20	e)[16	e)[16	X
fis-5437	40	21	]	]	X
fis-5437	40	22	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	23	f	f	X
fis-5437	40	24	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	25	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	26	b)[13	b)[13	NOUN
fis-5437	40	27	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	28	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	40	29	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	40	30	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	40	31	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	40	32	details	detail	NOUN
fis-5437	40	33	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	40	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	40	35	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	40	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	1	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	41	2	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	41	3	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	41	4	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	41	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	6	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	41	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	41	8	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	41	9	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	11	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	41	12	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	13	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	41	14	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	15	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	41	16	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	41	17	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	41	18	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	19	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	41	20	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	21	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	41	22	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	41	23	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	41	24	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	25	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	41	26	269	269	NUM
fis-5437	41	27	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	41	28	previous	previous	ADJ
fis-5437	41	29	studies	study	NOUN
fis-5437	41	30	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	41	31	typical	typical	ADJ
fis-5437	41	32	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	41	33	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	41	34	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	35	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	41	36	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	41	37	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	41	38	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	39	two	two	NUM
fis-5437	41	40	critical	critical	ADJ
fis-5437	41	41	factors	factor	NOUN
fis-5437	41	42	need	need	VERB
fis-5437	41	43	attentions	attention	NOUN
fis-5437	41	44	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	45	the	the	DET
fis-5437	41	46	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	41	47	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	48	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	41	49	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	41	50	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	41	51	the	the	DET
fis-5437	41	52	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	41	53	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	41	54	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	41	55	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	41	56	ability	ability	NOUN
fis-5437	41	57	to	to	PART
fis-5437	41	58	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
fis-5437	41	59	long	long	ADJ
fis-5437	41	60	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	41	61	term	term	NOUN
fis-5437	41	62	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	41	63	deformations	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	41	64	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	42	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	42	2	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	42	3	must	must	AUX
fis-5437	42	4	support	support	VERB
fis-5437	42	5	vertical	vertical	ADJ
fis-5437	42	6	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	42	7	loads	load	NOUN
fis-5437	42	8	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	42	9	maintaining	maintain	VERB
fis-5437	42	10	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
fis-5437	42	11	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
fis-5437	42	12	to	to	PART
fis-5437	42	13	adapt	adapt	VERB
fis-5437	42	14	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	42	15	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	42	16	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	42	17	induced	induce	VERB
fis-5437	42	18	displacements	displacement	NOUN
fis-5437	42	19	[	[	X
fis-5437	42	20	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	42	21	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	42	22	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	42	23	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	42	24	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	43	1	steelconcrete	steelconcrete	NOUN
fis-5437	43	2	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	43	3	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	43	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	43	5	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	43	6	subjected	subject	VERB
fis-5437	43	7	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	43	8	solar	solar	ADJ
fis-5437	43	9	radiation	radiation	NOUN
fis-5437	43	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	43	11	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	43	12	cycling	cycling	NOUN
fis-5437	43	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	43	14	experience	experience	VERB
fis-5437	43	15	uneven	uneven	ADJ
fis-5437	43	16	heat	heat	NOUN
fis-5437	43	17	transfer	transfer	NOUN
fis-5437	43	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	43	19	rendering	render	VERB
fis-5437	43	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	43	21	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	43	22	highly	highly	ADV
fis-5437	43	23	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
fis-5437	43	24	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	43	25	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	43	26	variations	variation	NOUN
fis-5437	43	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	44	1	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	44	2	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	44	3	conditions	condition	NOUN
fis-5437	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	44	5	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	44	6	effects	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	44	7	may	may	AUX
fis-5437	44	8	dominate	dominate	VERB
fis-5437	44	9	over	over	ADP
fis-5437	44	10	dead	dead	ADJ
fis-5437	44	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	44	12	live	live	ADJ
fis-5437	44	13	loads	load	NOUN
fis-5437	44	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	1	research	research	NOUN
fis-5437	45	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	45	3	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	45	4	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	45	5	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	6	induced	induce	VERB
fis-5437	45	7	elongation	elongation	NOUN
fis-5437	45	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	45	9	jointless	jointless	ADJ
fis-5437	45	10	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	45	11	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	45	12	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	45	13	predicted	predict	VERB
fis-5437	45	14	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	45	15	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	45	16	total	total	ADJ
fis-5437	45	17	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	45	18	change	change	NOUN
fis-5437	45	19	[	[	X
fis-5437	45	20	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	45	21	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	23	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	45	24	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	45	25	expansion	expansion	NOUN
fis-5437	45	26	length	length	NOUN
fis-5437	45	27	proportional	proportional	NOUN
fis-5437	45	28	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	45	29	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	45	30	total	total	ADJ
fis-5437	45	31	length	length	NOUN
fis-5437	45	32	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	33	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	45	34	variation	variation	NOUN
fis-5437	45	35	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	36	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	45	37	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	45	38	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	45	39	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	45	40	expansion	expansion	NOUN
fis-5437	45	41	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	42	typically	typically	ADV
fis-5437	45	43	distributed	distribute	VERB
fis-5437	45	44	symmetrically	symmetrically	ADV
fis-5437	45	45	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	45	46	both	both	DET
fis-5437	45	47	ends	end	NOUN
fis-5437	45	48	[	[	X
fis-5437	45	49	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	45	50	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	45	51	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	46	1	however	however	ADV
fis-5437	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	46	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	46	4	terms	term	NOUN
fis-5437	46	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	46	6	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	46	7	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	46	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	46	9	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	46	10	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	46	11	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	46	12	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	46	13	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	46	14	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	46	15	this	this	DET
fis-5437	46	16	work	work	NOUN
fis-5437	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	46	18	current	current	ADJ
fis-5437	46	19	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	46	20	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	46	21	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	46	22	codes	code	NOUN
fis-5437	46	23	do	do	AUX
fis-5437	46	24	n’t	not	PART
fis-5437	46	25	cover	cover	VERB
fis-5437	46	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	47	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
fis-5437	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	47	3	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
fis-5437	47	4	concerns	concern	NOUN
fis-5437	47	5	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	47	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	47	7	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	47	8	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	47	9	resistance	resistance	NOUN
fis-5437	47	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	47	11	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	47	12	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
fis-5437	47	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	47	14	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	47	15	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	47	16	transfer	transfer	NOUN
fis-5437	47	17	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	47	18	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	47	19	such	such	ADJ
fis-5437	47	20	systems	system	NOUN
fis-5437	47	21	—	—	PUNCT
fis-5437	47	22	particularly	particularly	ADV
fis-5437	47	23	those	those	PRON
fis-5437	47	24	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
fis-5437	47	25	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	47	26	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	47	27	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	47	28	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	47	29	pile	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	47	30	flexible	flexible	ADJ
fis-5437	47	31	foundations	foundation	NOUN
fis-5437	47	32	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	47	33	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	47	34	effects	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	47	35	remain	remain	VERB
fis-5437	47	36	addressing	address	VERB
fis-5437	47	37	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	48	1	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	48	2	this	this	DET
fis-5437	48	3	background	background	NOUN
fis-5437	48	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	48	5	we	we	PRON
fis-5437	48	6	propose	propose	VERB
fis-5437	48	7	an	an	DET
fis-5437	48	8	innovative	innovative	ADJ
fis-5437	48	9	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	48	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	48	11	integrating	integrate	VERB
fis-5437	48	12	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	48	13	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	48	14	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	48	15	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	48	16	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	48	17	into	into	ADP
fis-5437	48	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	48	19	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	48	20	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	48	21	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	48	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	48	23	combined	combine	VERB
fis-5437	48	24	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	48	25	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	48	26	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	48	27	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	48	28	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	48	29	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	48	30	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	49	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	49	2	configuration	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	49	3	enhances	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	49	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	49	5	interfacial	interfacial	ADJ
fis-5437	49	6	bond	bond	NOUN
fis-5437	49	7	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	49	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	49	9	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	49	10	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	49	11	slab	slab	NOUN
fis-5437	49	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	49	13	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	49	14	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	49	15	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	49	16	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
fis-5437	49	17	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	49	18	bar	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	49	19	penetration	penetration	NOUN
fis-5437	49	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	49	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
fis-5437	49	22	improving	improve	VERB
fis-5437	49	23	both	both	DET
fis-5437	49	24	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	49	25	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
fis-5437	49	26	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	49	27	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
fis-5437	49	28	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	49	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	1	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	50	2	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	50	3	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	50	4	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	50	5	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	50	6	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	50	7	he	he	PRON
fis-5437	50	8	novel	novel	VERB
fis-5437	50	9	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	50	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	50	11	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	50	12	consisted	consist	VERB
fis-5437	50	13	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	50	14	modified	modify	VERB
fis-5437	50	15	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	16	verbund	verbund	NOUN
fis-5437	50	17	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	18	fertigteil	fertigteil	NOUN
fis-5437	50	19	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	20	trager	trager	NOUN
fis-5437	50	21	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	22	mvft	mvft	NOUN
fis-5437	50	23	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	24	girder[10	girder[10	NOUN
fis-5437	50	25	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	26	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	50	27	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	50	28	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	50	29	connections	connection	NOUN
fis-5437	50	30	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	31	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	50	32	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	50	33	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
fis-5437	50	34	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	50	35	fig.1(f	fig.1(f	NOUN
fis-5437	50	36	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	50	37	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	50	38	fig.2	fig.2	PROPN
fis-5437	50	39	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	51	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	51	2	open	open	ADJ
fis-5437	51	3	geometry	geometry	NOUN
fis-5437	51	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	51	5	clothoid	clothoid	PROPN
fis-5437	51	6	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	51	7	cl)-shaped	cl)-shape	VERB
fis-5437	51	8	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	51	9	allows	allow	VERB
fis-5437	51	10	reinforcements	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	51	11	to	to	PART
fis-5437	51	12	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	51	13	directly	directly	ADV
fis-5437	51	14	threaded	thread	VERB
fis-5437	51	15	through	through	ADP
fis-5437	51	16	predefined	predefine	VERB
fis-5437	51	17	positions	position	NOUN
fis-5437	51	18	during	during	ADP
fis-5437	51	19	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	51	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	51	21	effectively	effectively	ADV
fis-5437	51	22	resolving	resolve	VERB
fis-5437	51	23	challenges	challenge	NOUN
fis-5437	51	24	such	such	ADJ
fis-5437	51	25	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	51	26	rebar	rebar	ADJ
fis-5437	51	27	penetration	penetration	NOUN
fis-5437	51	28	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
fis-5437	51	29	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	51	30	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	51	31	casting	cast	VERB
fis-5437	51	32	dead	dead	ADJ
fis-5437	51	33	zones	zone	NOUN
fis-5437	51	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	52	1	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	52	2	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	52	3	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	52	4	classified	classify	VERB
fis-5437	52	5	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	52	6	ductile	ductile	NOUN
fis-5437	52	7	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	52	8	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	52	9	[	[	X
fis-5437	52	10	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	52	11	]	]	X
fis-5437	52	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	52	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
fis-5437	52	14	suitable	suitable	ADJ
fis-5437	52	15	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	52	16	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	52	17	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	52	18	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	52	19	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	52	20	sections	section	NOUN
fis-5437	52	21	without	without	ADP
fis-5437	52	22	flanges	flange	NOUN
fis-5437	52	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	53	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	53	2	enhance	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	53	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	53	4	bond	bond	NOUN
fis-5437	53	5	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	53	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	53	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	53	8	pile	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	53	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	53	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	53	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	53	12	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	53	13	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	53	14	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	53	15	set	set	VERB
fis-5437	53	16	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	53	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	53	18	tension	tension	NOUN
fis-5437	53	19	zone	zone	NOUN
fis-5437	53	20	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	53	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	53	22	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	53	23	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	53	24	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	53	25	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	53	26	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	53	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	54	1	figure	figure	VERB
fis-5437	54	2	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	54	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	54	4	general	general	ADJ
fis-5437	54	5	configuration	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	54	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	54	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	54	8	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	54	9	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	54	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	1	numerical	numerical	PROPN
fis-5437	55	2	study	study	PROPN
fis-5437	55	3	he	he	PRON
fis-5437	55	4	finite	finite	VERB
fis-5437	55	5	element	element	NOUN
fis-5437	55	6	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	7	fe	fe	NOUN
fis-5437	55	8	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	9	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	55	10	consists	consist	VERB
fis-5437	55	11	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	55	12	five	five	NUM
fis-5437	55	13	primary	primary	ADJ
fis-5437	55	14	components	component	NOUN
fis-5437	55	15	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	55	17	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	55	18	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	55	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	20	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	55	21	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	55	22	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	55	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	24	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	55	25	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	55	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	27	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	55	28	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	55	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	30	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	55	31	h	h	X
fis-5437	55	32	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	55	33	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	55	34	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	55	35	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	55	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	56	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	56	2	fe	fe	PROPN
fis-5437	56	3	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	56	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	56	5	scaled	scale	VERB
fis-5437	56	6	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	56	7	a	a	DET
fis-5437	56	8	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	56	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	56	10	1:3	1:3	NUM
fis-5437	56	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	56	12	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	56	13	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	56	14	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	56	15	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	56	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	57	1	2	2	X
fis-5437	57	2	.	.	X
fis-5437	57	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	57	4	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	57	5	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	57	6	measures	measure	VERB
fis-5437	57	7	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	57	8	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	57	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	57	10	length	length	NOUN
fis-5437	57	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	57	12	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	57	13	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	57	14	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	57	15	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	57	16	along	along	ADP
fis-5437	57	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	57	18	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	57	19	's	's	PART
fis-5437	57	20	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	57	21	direction	direction	NOUN
fis-5437	57	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	58	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	58	2	account	account	VERB
fis-5437	58	3	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	58	4	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	58	5	interactions	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	58	6	as	as	ADV
fis-5437	58	7	well	well	ADV
fis-5437	58	8	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	58	9	material	material	NOUN
fis-5437	58	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	58	11	geometric	geometric	ADJ
fis-5437	58	12	nonlinearities	nonlinearitie	NOUN
fis-5437	58	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	58	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	58	15	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
fis-5437	58	16	explicit	explicit	ADJ
fis-5437	58	17	method	method	NOUN
fis-5437	58	18	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	58	19	adopted	adopt	VERB
fis-5437	58	20	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	58	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	58	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	58	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	59	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	59	2	quasi	quasi	ADJ
fis-5437	59	3	-	-	ADJ
fis-5437	59	4	static	static	ADJ
fis-5437	59	5	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	59	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	59	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	59	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	59	9	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	59	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	59	11	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	59	12	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	59	13	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	59	14	simulated	simulate	VERB
fis-5437	59	15	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	59	16	c3d8r	c3d8r	NUM
fis-5437	59	17	elements	element	NOUN
fis-5437	59	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	59	19	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	59	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	59	21	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	59	22	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	59	23	modeled	model	VERB
fis-5437	59	24	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	59	25	t3d2	t3d2	ADP
fis-5437	59	26	elements	element	NOUN
fis-5437	59	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	60	1	given	give	VERB
fis-5437	60	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	60	3	complexity	complexity	NOUN
fis-5437	60	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	60	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	60	6	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	60	7	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	60	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	60	9	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	60	10	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	60	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	60	12	localized	localized	ADJ
fis-5437	60	13	mesh	mesh	NOUN
fis-5437	60	14	refinement	refinement	NOUN
fis-5437	60	15	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	60	16	applied	apply	VERB
fis-5437	60	17	around	around	ADP
fis-5437	60	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	60	19	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	60	20	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	60	21	to	to	PART
fis-5437	60	22	enhance	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	60	23	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
fis-5437	60	24	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	60	25	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	60	26	a	a	DET
fis-5437	60	27	minimum	minimum	ADJ
fis-5437	60	28	element	element	NOUN
fis-5437	60	29	size	size	NOUN
fis-5437	60	30	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	60	31	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	60	32	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	60	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	61	1	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	61	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	61	3	definitions	definition	NOUN
fis-5437	61	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	61	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	61	6	rebar	rebar	NOUN
fis-5437	61	7	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	61	8	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	61	9	within	within	ADP
fis-5437	61	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	61	11	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	61	12	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	61	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	61	14	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	61	15	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	61	16	constraint	constraint	NOUN
fis-5437	61	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	62	1	since	since	SCONJ
fis-5437	62	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	62	3	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	62	4	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	62	5	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	62	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	62	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	62	8	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	62	9	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	62	10	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	62	11	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	62	12	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
fis-5437	62	13	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	62	14	a	a	DET
fis-5437	62	15	single	single	ADJ
fis-5437	62	16	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	62	17	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	62	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	62	19	they	they	PRON
fis-5437	62	20	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	62	21	modeled	model	VERB
fis-5437	62	22	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	62	23	a	a	DET
fis-5437	62	24	single	single	ADJ
fis-5437	62	25	integrated	integrate	VERB
fis-5437	62	26	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	62	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	63	2	interface	interface	NOUN
fis-5437	63	3	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	63	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	63	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	63	6	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	63	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	63	8	surrounding	surround	VERB
fis-5437	63	9	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	63	10	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	63	11	also	also	ADV
fis-5437	63	12	defined	define	VERB
fis-5437	63	13	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	63	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	63	15	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	63	16	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	63	17	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	63	18	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	63	19	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	63	20	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	63	21	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	63	22	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	63	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	24	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	63	25	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	63	26	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	63	27	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	63	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	29	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	63	30	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	31	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	63	32	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	33	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	63	34	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	63	35	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	63	36	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	37	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	63	38	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	63	39	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	63	40	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	63	41	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	63	42	-	-	ADJ
fis-5437	63	43	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	63	44	270	270	NUM
fis-5437	63	45	approach	approach	NOUN
fis-5437	63	46	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	64	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	64	2	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	64	3	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	64	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	64	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	64	6	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	64	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	64	8	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	64	9	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	64	10	modeled	model	VERB
fis-5437	64	11	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	64	12	hard	hard	ADJ
fis-5437	64	13	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	64	14	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	64	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	64	16	normal	normal	ADJ
fis-5437	64	17	direction	direction	NOUN
fis-5437	64	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	64	19	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	64	20	tangential	tangential	ADJ
fis-5437	64	21	behavior	behavior	NOUN
fis-5437	64	22	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	64	23	simulated	simulate	VERB
fis-5437	64	24	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	64	25	a	a	DET
fis-5437	64	26	penalty	penalty	NOUN
fis-5437	64	27	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	64	28	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	64	29	friction	friction	NOUN
fis-5437	64	30	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	64	31	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	65	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	65	2	3d	3d	PROPN
fis-5437	65	3	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	65	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	65	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	65	6	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	65	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	65	8	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	65	9	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	65	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	65	11	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	65	12	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	65	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	66	1	3	3	X
fis-5437	66	2	.	.	X
fis-5437	66	3	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	66	4	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	66	5	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	66	6	numeric	numeric	ADJ
fis-5437	66	7	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	66	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	66	9	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	66	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	66	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	67	1	verification	verification	NOUN
fis-5437	67	2	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	67	3	o	o	NOUN
fis-5437	67	4	validate	validate	VERB
fis-5437	67	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	67	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
fis-5437	67	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	67	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	67	9	fe	fe	PROPN
fis-5437	67	10	model	model	PROPN
fis-5437	67	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	67	12	a	a	DET
fis-5437	67	13	third	third	ADJ
fis-5437	67	14	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	67	15	party	party	NOUN
fis-5437	67	16	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	67	17	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	67	18	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	67	19	selected	select	VERB
fis-5437	67	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	68	1	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	68	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	69	1	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	69	2	presents	present	VERB
fis-5437	69	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	69	4	elevation	elevation	NOUN
fis-5437	69	5	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	69	6	side	side	ADJ
fis-5437	69	7	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	69	8	view	view	NOUN
fis-5437	69	9	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
fis-5437	69	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	69	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	69	12	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	69	13	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	69	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	69	15	referenced	referenced	ADJ
fis-5437	69	16	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	69	17	[	[	X
fis-5437	69	18	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	69	19	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	69	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	70	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	70	2	front	front	NOUN
fis-5437	70	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	70	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	70	5	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	70	6	includes	include	VERB
fis-5437	70	7	a	a	DET
fis-5437	70	8	30	30	NUM
fis-5437	70	9	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	70	10	thick	thick	ADJ
fis-5437	70	11	pressure	pressure	NOUN
fis-5437	70	12	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	70	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	71	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	71	2	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	71	3	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	71	4	has	have	VERB
fis-5437	71	5	a	a	DET
fis-5437	71	6	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	71	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	71	8	540	540	NUM
fis-5437	71	9	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	71	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	71	11	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	71	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	71	13	upper	upper	ADJ
fis-5437	71	14	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	71	15	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	71	16	flanges	flange	NOUN
fis-5437	71	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	71	18	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	71	19	each	each	PRON
fis-5437	71	20	measuring	measure	VERB
fis-5437	71	21	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	71	22	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	71	23	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	71	24	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	71	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	72	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	72	2	main	main	ADJ
fis-5437	72	3	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	72	4	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	72	5	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	72	6	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	72	7	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	72	8	into	into	ADP
fis-5437	72	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	72	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	72	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	73	1	near	near	ADP
fis-5437	73	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	73	3	front	front	NOUN
fis-5437	73	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	73	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	73	6	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	73	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	73	8	50	50	NUM
fis-5437	73	9	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	73	10	diameter	diameter	NOUN
fis-5437	73	11	holes	hole	NOUN
fis-5437	73	12	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	73	13	provided	provide	VERB
fis-5437	73	14	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	73	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	73	16	flanges	flange	NOUN
fis-5437	73	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	73	18	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	73	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	73	20	spaced	space	VERB
fis-5437	73	21	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	73	22	120	120	NUM
fis-5437	73	23	mm	mm	PROPN
fis-5437	73	24	intervals	interval	NOUN
fis-5437	73	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	74	1	pbl	pbl	PROPN
fis-5437	74	2	connectors	connectors	PROPN
fis-5437	74	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	74	4	consisting	consist	VERB
fis-5437	74	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	74	6	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	74	7	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	74	8	diameter	diameter	NOUN
fis-5437	74	9	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	74	10	bars	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	74	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	74	12	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	74	13	inserted	insert	VERB
fis-5437	74	14	into	into	ADP
fis-5437	74	15	these	these	DET
fis-5437	74	16	holes	hole	NOUN
fis-5437	74	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	75	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	75	2	verification	verification	NOUN
fis-5437	75	3	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	75	4	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	75	5	developed	develop	VERB
fis-5437	75	6	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	75	7	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	75	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	75	9	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	75	10	setup	setup	NOUN
fis-5437	75	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	75	12	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	75	13	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	75	14	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	75	15	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	75	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	76	1	4	4	X
fis-5437	76	2	.	.	X
fis-5437	76	3	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	76	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	76	5	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	76	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	76	7	loaddisplacement	loaddisplacement	NOUN
fis-5437	76	8	response	response	NOUN
fis-5437	76	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	76	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	76	11	fe	fe	PROPN
fis-5437	76	12	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	76	13	closely	closely	ADV
fis-5437	76	14	matches	match	VERB
fis-5437	76	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	76	16	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	76	17	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	76	18	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	76	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	76	20	friction	friction	NOUN
fis-5437	76	21	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	76	22	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	76	23	set	set	VERB
fis-5437	76	24	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	76	25	0.3	0.3	NUM
fis-5437	76	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	77	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	77	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	77	3	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	77	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	77	5	all	all	DET
fis-5437	77	6	degrees	degree	NOUN
fis-5437	77	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	77	8	freedom	freedom	NOUN
fis-5437	77	9	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	77	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	77	11	constrained	constrain	VERB
fis-5437	77	12	rigid	rigid	ADJ
fis-5437	77	13	reference	reference	NOUN
fis-5437	77	14	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	77	15	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	77	16	restricted	restrict	VERB
fis-5437	77	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	77	18	except	except	SCONJ
fis-5437	77	19	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	77	20	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	77	21	about	about	ADP
fis-5437	77	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	77	23	zaxis	zaxis	NOUN
fis-5437	77	24	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	78	1	displacement	displacement	ADJ
fis-5437	78	2	control	control	NOUN
fis-5437	78	3	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	78	4	employed	employ	VERB
fis-5437	78	5	to	to	PART
fis-5437	78	6	prevent	prevent	VERB
fis-5437	78	7	sudden	sudden	ADJ
fis-5437	78	8	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	78	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	78	10	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	78	11	could	could	AUX
fis-5437	78	12	lead	lead	VERB
fis-5437	78	13	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	78	14	excessive	excessive	ADJ
fis-5437	78	15	element	element	ADJ
fis-5437	78	16	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	78	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	78	18	affect	affect	VERB
fis-5437	78	19	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	78	20	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	78	21	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	78	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	79	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	79	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
fis-5437	79	3	consistency	consistency	NOUN
fis-5437	79	4	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	79	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	79	6	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	79	7	span	span	NOUN
fis-5437	79	8	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	79	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	79	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	79	11	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	79	12	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	79	13	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	79	14	previous	previous	ADJ
fis-5437	79	15	studies	study	NOUN
fis-5437	79	16	[	[	X
fis-5437	79	17	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	79	18	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	79	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	79	20	a	a	DET
fis-5437	79	21	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	79	22	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	79	23	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	79	24	modeled	model	VERB
fis-5437	79	25	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	79	26	an	an	DET
fis-5437	79	27	analytical	analytical	ADJ
fis-5437	79	28	rigid	rigid	ADJ
fis-5437	79	29	body	body	NOUN
fis-5437	79	30	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	79	31	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	79	32	positioned	position	VERB
fis-5437	79	33	1.75	1.75	NUM
fis-5437	79	34	times	time	NOUN
fis-5437	79	35	the	the	DET
fis-5437	79	36	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	79	37	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	79	38	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	79	39	the	the	DET
fis-5437	79	40	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	79	41	's	's	PART
fis-5437	79	42	front	front	ADJ
fis-5437	79	43	end	end	NOUN
fis-5437	79	44	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	79	45	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	79	46	rigidly	rigidly	ADV
fis-5437	79	47	connected	connect	VERB
fis-5437	79	48	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	79	49	the	the	DET
fis-5437	79	50	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	79	51	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	80	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	80	2	displacement	displacement	ADJ
fis-5437	80	3	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	80	4	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	80	5	applied	apply	VERB
fis-5437	80	6	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	80	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	80	8	rigid	rigid	ADJ
fis-5437	80	9	body	body	NOUN
fis-5437	80	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	80	11	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	80	12	a	a	DET
fis-5437	80	13	prescribed	prescribe	VERB
fis-5437	80	14	forced	force	VERB
fis-5437	80	15	displacement	displacement	NOUN
fis-5437	80	16	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	80	17	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	80	18	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	80	19	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	80	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	80	21	reference	reference	NOUN
fis-5437	80	22	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	80	23	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	80	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	80	25	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	80	26	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	80	27	to	to	PART
fis-5437	80	28	impose	impose	VERB
fis-5437	80	29	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	80	30	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	80	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	80	32	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	80	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	81	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	81	2	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	81	3	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	81	4	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	81	5	defined	define	VERB
fis-5437	81	6	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	81	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	81	8	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	81	9	vertical	vertical	ADJ
fis-5437	81	10	reaction	reaction	NOUN
fis-5437	81	11	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	81	12	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	81	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	81	14	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	81	15	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	81	16	during	during	ADP
fis-5437	81	17	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	81	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	82	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	82	2	smooth	smooth	ADJ
fis-5437	82	3	amplitude	amplitude	NOUN
fis-5437	82	4	curve	curve	NOUN
fis-5437	82	5	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	82	6	used	use	VERB
fis-5437	82	7	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	82	8	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	82	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	82	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	82	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	82	12	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
fis-5437	82	13	internal	internal	ADJ
fis-5437	82	14	energy	energy	NOUN
fis-5437	82	15	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	82	16	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	82	17	controlled	control	VERB
fis-5437	82	18	within	within	ADP
fis-5437	82	19	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	82	20	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	82	21	to	to	PART
fis-5437	82	22	ensure	ensure	VERB
fis-5437	82	23	numerical	numerical	ADJ
fis-5437	82	24	stability	stability	NOUN
fis-5437	82	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	83	1	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	83	2	material	material	NOUN
fis-5437	83	3	modeling	modeling	NOUN
fis-5437	83	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	83	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	83	6	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	83	7	damaged	damage	VERB
fis-5437	83	8	plasticity	plasticity	NOUN
fis-5437	83	9	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	83	10	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	83	11	used	use	VERB
fis-5437	83	12	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	83	13	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	83	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	83	15	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	83	16	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	83	17	constitutive	constitutive	ADJ
fis-5437	83	18	behavior	behavior	NOUN
fis-5437	83	19	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	83	20	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	83	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	83	22	general	general	ADJ
fis-5437	83	23	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	83	24	code	code	NOUN
fis-5437	83	25	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	83	26	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	83	27	structures	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	83	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	84	1	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	84	2	components	component	NOUN
fis-5437	84	3	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	84	4	modeled	model	VERB
fis-5437	84	5	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	84	6	a	a	DET
fis-5437	84	7	bilinear	bilinear	ADJ
fis-5437	84	8	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	84	9	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	84	10	hardening	harden	VERB
fis-5437	84	11	constitutive	constitutive	ADJ
fis-5437	84	12	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	84	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	84	14	following	follow	VERB
fis-5437	84	15	eurocode	eurocode	NOUN
fis-5437	84	16	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	84	17	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	84	18	2006	2006	NUM
fis-5437	84	19	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	84	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	85	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	85	2	material	material	NOUN
fis-5437	85	3	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	85	4	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	85	5	detailed	detail	VERB
fis-5437	85	6	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	85	7	tabs	tab	NOUN
fis-5437	85	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	1	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	86	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	86	3	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	86	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	5	materials	material	NOUN
fis-5437	86	6	e	e	PROPN
fis-5437	86	7	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	86	8	gpa	gpa	PROPN
fis-5437	86	9	ν	ν	PROPN
fis-5437	86	10	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	86	11	mpa	mpa	PROPN
fis-5437	86	12	σs	σs	PROPN
fis-5437	86	13	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	86	14	mpa	mpa	PROPN
fis-5437	86	15	ft	ft	PROPN
fis-5437	86	16	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	86	17	mpa	mpa	PROPN
fis-5437	86	18	fc	fc	PROPN
fis-5437	86	19	/mpa	/mpa	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	20	c50	c50	PROPN
fis-5437	86	21	27.100	27.100	NUM
fis-5437	86	22	0.2	0.2	NUM
fis-5437	86	23	—	—	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	24	—	—	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	25	50	50	NUM
fis-5437	86	26	q345	q345	PROPN
fis-5437	86	27	206.000	206.000	NUM
fis-5437	86	28	0.3	0.3	NUM
fis-5437	86	29	345	345	NUM
fis-5437	86	30	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	86	31	—	—	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	32	q460	q460	ADP
fis-5437	86	33	206.000	206.000	NUM
fis-5437	86	34	0.3	0.3	NUM
fis-5437	86	35	460	460	NUM
fis-5437	86	36	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	86	37	—	—	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	38	hrb400	hrb400	PROPN
fis-5437	86	39	206.000	206.000	NUM
fis-5437	86	40	0.3	0.3	NUM
fis-5437	86	41	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	86	42	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	86	43	—	—	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	44	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	86	45	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	86	46	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	47	elastic	elastic	ADJ
fis-5437	86	48	properties	property	NOUN
fis-5437	86	49	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	86	50	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	86	51	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	86	52	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	86	53	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	86	54	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	55	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	86	56	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	86	57	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	86	58	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	86	59	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	60	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	86	61	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	62	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	86	63	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	64	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	86	65	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	86	66	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	86	67	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	68	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	86	69	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	70	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	86	71	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	86	72	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	86	73	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	74	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	86	75	271	271	NUM
fis-5437	86	76	materials	material	NOUN
fis-5437	86	77	α/	α/	NOUN
fis-5437	86	78	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	79	°	°	PRON
fis-5437	86	80	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	81	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	86	82	deviator	deviator	NOUN
fis-5437	86	83	fb0	fb0	PROPN
fis-5437	86	84	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	86	85	fc0	fc0	VERB
fis-5437	86	86	k	k	PROPN
fis-5437	86	87	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	86	88	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	86	89	viscosity	viscosity	NOUN
fis-5437	86	90	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	86	91	25	25	NUM
fis-5437	86	92	0.1	0.1	NUM
fis-5437	86	93	1.16	1.16	NUM
fis-5437	86	94	0.6667	0.6667	NUM
fis-5437	86	95	0.0005	0.0005	NUM
fis-5437	86	96	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	86	97	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	86	98	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	86	99	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	86	100	properties	property	NOUN
fis-5437	86	101	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	87	1	figure	figure	VERB
fis-5437	87	2	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	87	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	87	4	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
fis-5437	87	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	87	6	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	87	7	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	87	8	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	87	9	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	88	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	88	2	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	88	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	88	4	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	88	5	unit	unit	NOUN
fis-5437	88	6	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	88	7	mm	mm	PROPN
fis-5437	88	8	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	88	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	89	1	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	89	2	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
fis-5437	89	3	modulus	modulus	NOUN
fis-5437	89	4	31600	31600	NUM
fis-5437	89	5	28	28	NUM
fis-5437	89	6	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	89	7	day	day	NOUN
fis-5437	89	8	cylinder	cylinder	NOUN
fis-5437	89	9	fc	fc	PROPN
fis-5437	89	10	43.2	43.2	NUM
fis-5437	89	11	28	28	NUM
fis-5437	89	12	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	89	13	day	day	NOUN
fis-5437	89	14	cube	cube	NOUN
fis-5437	89	15	fc	fc	PROPN
fis-5437	89	16	52.9	52.9	NUM
fis-5437	89	17	q345	q345	PROPN
fis-5437	89	18	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
fis-5437	89	19	modulus	modulus	NOUN
fis-5437	89	20	198000	198000	NUM
fis-5437	89	21	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	89	22	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	89	23	391	391	NUM
fis-5437	89	24	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	89	25	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	89	26	545	545	NUM
fis-5437	89	27	hrb400	hrb400	PROPN
fis-5437	89	28	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
fis-5437	89	29	modulus	modulus	NOUN
fis-5437	89	30	202000	202000	NUM
fis-5437	89	31	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	89	32	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	89	33	390	390	NUM
fis-5437	89	34	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	89	35	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	89	36	485	485	NUM
fis-5437	89	37	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	89	38	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	89	39	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	89	40	material	material	NOUN
fis-5437	89	41	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	89	42	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	89	43	mpa	mpa	PROPN
fis-5437	89	44	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	89	45	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	90	1	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	91	1	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	91	2	40	40	NUM
fis-5437	91	3	60	60	NUM
fis-5437	91	4	80	80	NUM
fis-5437	91	5	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	91	6	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	91	7	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	91	8	200	200	NUM
fis-5437	91	9	300	300	NUM
fis-5437	91	10	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	91	11	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	91	12	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	91	13	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	91	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	91	15	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	91	16	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	91	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	91	18	u(mm	u(mm	PROPN
fis-5437	91	19	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	91	20	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	91	21	fem	fem	NOUN
fis-5437	91	22	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	91	23	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	91	24	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	91	25	validation	validation	NOUN
fis-5437	91	26	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	91	27	fe	fe	PROPN
fis-5437	91	28	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	91	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	92	1	figure	figure	VERB
fis-5437	92	2	6	6	NUM
fis-5437	92	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	92	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
fis-5437	92	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	92	6	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	92	7	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	92	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	92	9	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	92	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	92	11	fe	fe	NOUN
fis-5437	92	12	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	92	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	93	1	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	93	2	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	93	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	93	4	figs	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	93	5	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	93	6	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	93	7	6	6	NUM
fis-5437	93	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	93	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	93	10	fe	fe	X
fis-5437	93	11	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	93	12	closely	closely	ADV
fis-5437	93	13	match	match	VERB
fis-5437	93	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	93	15	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	93	16	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	93	17	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	93	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	93	19	third	third	ADJ
fis-5437	93	20	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	93	21	party	party	NOUN
fis-5437	93	22	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	93	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	94	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	94	2	numerical	numerical	PROPN
fis-5437	94	3	model	model	PROPN
fis-5437	94	4	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
fis-5437	94	5	slightly	slightly	ADV
fis-5437	94	6	higher	high	ADJ
fis-5437	94	7	stiffness	stiffness	NOUN
fis-5437	94	8	after	after	ADP
fis-5437	94	9	entering	enter	VERB
fis-5437	94	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	94	11	elastoplastic	elastoplastic	ADJ
fis-5437	94	12	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	94	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	94	14	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	94	15	may	may	AUX
fis-5437	94	16	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	94	17	attributed	attribute	VERB
fis-5437	94	18	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	94	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	94	20	absence	absence	NOUN
fis-5437	94	21	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	94	22	early	early	ADJ
fis-5437	94	23	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	94	24	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	94	25	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	94	26	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	94	27	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	94	28	bonding	bonding	NOUN
fis-5437	94	29	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	94	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	94	31	abaqus	abaqus	PROPN
fis-5437	94	32	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	94	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	95	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	95	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	95	3	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	95	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	95	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	95	6	frictional	frictional	ADJ
fis-5437	95	7	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	95	8	compensates	compensate	NOUN
fis-5437	95	9	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	95	10	this	this	DET
fis-5437	95	11	bonding	bonding	NOUN
fis-5437	95	12	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	95	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	96	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	96	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
fis-5437	96	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	96	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	6	adhesive	adhesive	ADJ
fis-5437	96	7	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	96	8	disappears	disappear	VERB
fis-5437	96	9	once	once	SCONJ
fis-5437	96	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	11	component	component	NOUN
fis-5437	96	12	enters	enter	VERB
fis-5437	96	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	14	elastoplastic	elastoplastic	ADJ
fis-5437	96	15	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	96	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	96	17	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	96	18	friction	friction	NOUN
fis-5437	96	19	continues	continue	VERB
fis-5437	96	20	to	to	PART
fis-5437	96	21	influence	influence	VERB
fis-5437	96	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	23	abaqus	abaqus	PROPN
fis-5437	96	24	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	96	26	resulting	result	VERB
fis-5437	96	27	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	96	28	higher	high	ADJ
fis-5437	96	29	stiffness	stiffness	NOUN
fis-5437	96	30	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	96	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	32	early	early	ADJ
fis-5437	96	33	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	96	34	mid	mid	NOUN
fis-5437	96	35	-	-	NOUN
fis-5437	96	36	stages	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	96	37	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	96	38	the	the	DET
fis-5437	96	39	fe	fe	NOUN
fis-5437	96	40	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	96	41	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	97	1	overall	overall	ADV
fis-5437	97	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	97	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	97	4	modeling	modeling	NOUN
fis-5437	97	5	approach	approach	NOUN
fis-5437	97	6	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	97	7	consistent	consistent	ADJ
fis-5437	97	8	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	97	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	97	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	97	11	observations	observation	NOUN
fis-5437	97	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	98	1	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	98	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	99	1	8	8	NUM
fis-5437	99	2	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
fis-5437	99	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	99	4	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	99	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	99	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	99	7	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	99	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	99	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	99	10	numerical	numerical	ADJ
fis-5437	99	11	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	99	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	99	13	represented	represent	VERB
fis-5437	99	14	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	99	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	99	16	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	99	17	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	99	18	principal	principal	NOUN
fis-5437	99	19	strain	strain	VERB
fis-5437	99	20	contour	contour	NOUN
fis-5437	99	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	99	22	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	99	23	also	also	ADV
fis-5437	99	24	aligns	align	VERB
fis-5437	99	25	well	well	ADV
fis-5437	99	26	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	99	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	99	28	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	99	29	findings	finding	NOUN
fis-5437	99	30	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	100	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	2	numerical	numerical	PROPN
fis-5437	100	3	model	model	PROPN
fis-5437	100	4	shows	show	VERB
fis-5437	100	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	6	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	100	7	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	100	8	's	's	PART
fis-5437	100	9	pull	pull	NOUN
fis-5437	100	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	100	11	out	out	ADP
fis-5437	100	12	behavior	behavior	NOUN
fis-5437	100	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	100	14	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	100	15	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	100	16	forming	form	VERB
fis-5437	100	17	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	100	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	19	front	front	NOUN
fis-5437	100	20	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	100	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	22	platform	platform	NOUN
fis-5437	100	23	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	100	24	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	100	25	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	100	26	along	along	ADP
fis-5437	100	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	28	side	side	NOUN
fis-5437	100	29	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	100	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	31	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	100	32	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	100	33	accurately	accurately	ADV
fis-5437	100	34	simulating	simulate	VERB
fis-5437	100	35	the	the	DET
fis-5437	100	36	observed	observed	ADJ
fis-5437	100	37	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	100	38	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	100	39	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	1	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	101	2	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	101	3	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	101	4	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	101	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	6	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	101	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	101	8	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	101	9	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	101	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	11	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	101	12	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	13	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	101	14	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	15	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	101	16	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	101	17	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	101	18	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	19	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	101	20	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	21	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	101	22	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	101	23	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	101	24	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	101	25	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	101	26	272	272	NUM
fis-5437	101	27	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	101	28	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	101	29	he	he	PRON
fis-5437	101	30	minimum	minimum	ADJ
fis-5437	101	31	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	101	32	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	101	33	temperatures	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	101	34	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	101	35	key	key	ADJ
fis-5437	101	36	factors	factor	NOUN
fis-5437	101	37	influencing	influence	VERB
fis-5437	101	38	the	the	DET
fis-5437	101	39	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	101	40	effects	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	101	41	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	101	42	the	the	DET
fis-5437	101	43	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	101	44	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	102	1	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	102	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	102	3	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	102	4	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	102	5	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	102	6	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	102	7	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	103	1	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	103	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	103	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	103	4	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	103	5	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	103	6	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	103	7	specifically	specifically	ADV
fis-5437	103	8	considered	consider	VERB
fis-5437	103	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	104	1	summer	summer	NOUN
fis-5437	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	104	3	being	be	AUX
fis-5437	104	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	104	5	hottest	hot	ADJ
fis-5437	104	6	season	season	NOUN
fis-5437	104	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	104	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	104	9	year	year	NOUN
fis-5437	104	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	104	11	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
fis-5437	104	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	104	13	most	most	ADV
fis-5437	104	14	significant	significant	ADJ
fis-5437	104	15	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	104	16	impact	impact	NOUN
fis-5437	104	17	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	104	18	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	104	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	105	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	105	2	assess	assess	VERB
fis-5437	105	3	this	this	PRON
fis-5437	105	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	105	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	105	6	monthly	monthly	ADJ
fis-5437	105	7	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	105	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	105	9	minimum	minimum	ADJ
fis-5437	105	10	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	105	11	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	105	12	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	105	13	xi'an	xi'an	PROPN
fis-5437	105	14	over	over	ADP
fis-5437	105	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	105	16	past	past	ADJ
fis-5437	105	17	five	five	NUM
fis-5437	105	18	years	year	NOUN
fis-5437	105	19	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	105	20	analyzed	analyze	VERB
fis-5437	105	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	105	22	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	105	23	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	105	24	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	105	25	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	105	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	106	1	7	7	X
fis-5437	106	2	.	.	X
fis-5437	106	3	correlation	correlation	NOUN
fis-5437	106	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	106	5	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	106	6	calculations	calculation	NOUN
fis-5437	106	7	were	be	AUX
fis-5437	106	8	performed	perform	VERB
fis-5437	106	9	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	106	10	matlab	matlab	PROPN
fis-5437	106	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	106	12	with	with	SCONJ
fis-5437	106	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	106	14	gevfit	gevfit	NOUN
fis-5437	106	15	function	function	NOUN
fis-5437	106	16	applied	apply	VERB
fis-5437	106	17	to	to	PART
fis-5437	106	18	model	model	VERB
fis-5437	106	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	106	20	generalized	generalized	ADJ
fis-5437	106	21	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	106	22	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	106	23	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	106	24	gev	gev	NOUN
fis-5437	106	25	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	106	26	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	106	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	107	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	107	2	approach	approach	NOUN
fis-5437	107	3	analyzes	analyze	VERB
fis-5437	107	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	107	5	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	107	6	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	107	7	values	value	NOUN
fis-5437	107	8	to	to	PART
fis-5437	107	9	predict	predict	VERB
fis-5437	107	10	representative	representative	ADJ
fis-5437	107	11	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	107	12	values	value	NOUN
fis-5437	107	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	108	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	108	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	108	3	assumes	assume	VERB
fis-5437	108	4	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	108	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	108	6	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	108	7	samples	sample	NOUN
fis-5437	108	8	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	108	9	independent	independent	ADJ
fis-5437	108	10	random	random	ADJ
fis-5437	108	11	variables	variable	NOUN
fis-5437	108	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	108	13	each	each	PRON
fis-5437	108	14	following	follow	VERB
fis-5437	108	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	108	16	same	same	ADJ
fis-5437	108	17	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	108	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	109	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	109	2	generalized	generalize	VERB
fis-5437	109	3	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	109	4	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	109	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	109	6	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	109	7	expressed	express	VERB
fis-5437	109	8	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	109	9	eq	eq	PROPN
fis-5437	109	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	110	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	110	2	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	110	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	110	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	110	5	where	where	SCONJ
fis-5437	110	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	110	7	representative	representative	ADJ
fis-5437	110	8	values	value	NOUN
fis-5437	110	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	110	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	110	11	highest	high	ADJ
fis-5437	110	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	110	13	lowest	low	ADJ
fis-5437	110	14	temperatures	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	110	15	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	110	16	37.5	37.5	NUM
fis-5437	110	17	°	°	ADP
fis-5437	110	18	c	c	NOUN
fis-5437	110	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	110	20	15.7	15.7	NUM
fis-5437	110	21	°	°	NOUN
fis-5437	110	22	c	c	NOUN
fis-5437	110	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	110	24	respectively	respectively	ADV
fis-5437	110	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	111	1	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	111	2	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	111	3	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	111	4	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	111	5	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	111	6	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	111	7	−30	−30	NOUN
fis-5437	111	8	−20	−20	NOUN
fis-5437	111	9	−10	−10	X
fis-5437	111	10	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	111	11	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	111	12	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	111	13	30	30	NUM
fis-5437	111	14	40	40	NUM
fis-5437	111	15	te	te	INTJ
fis-5437	111	16	m	m	VERB
fis-5437	111	17	pe	pe	INTJ
fis-5437	111	18	ra	ra	PROPN
fis-5437	111	19	tu	tu	X
fis-5437	111	20	re	re	ADP
fis-5437	111	21	（	（	PROPN
fis-5437	112	1	℃	℃	PROPN
fis-5437	112	2	）	）	PUNCT
fis-5437	112	3	year(2016	year(2016	PROPN
fis-5437	112	4	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	112	5	2021	2021	NUM
fis-5437	112	6	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	112	7	minimum	minimum	NOUN
fis-5437	112	8	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	112	9	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	112	10	air	air	NOUN
fis-5437	112	11	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	112	12	mean	mean	NOUN
fis-5437	112	13	minimum	minimum	ADJ
fis-5437	112	14	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	112	15	mean	mean	VERB
fis-5437	112	16	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	112	17	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	112	18	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	112	19	7	7	NUM
fis-5437	112	20	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	112	21	monthly	monthly	ADJ
fis-5437	112	22	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	112	23	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	112	24	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	112	25	xi	xi	X
fis-5437	112	26	'	'	PUNCT
fis-5437	112	27	an	an	PRON
fis-5437	112	28	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	112	29	recent	recent	ADJ
fis-5437	112	30	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	112	31	years	year	NOUN
fis-5437	112	32	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	2	1	1	X
fis-5437	113	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	4	where	where	SCONJ
fis-5437	113	5	x	x	PRON
fis-5437	113	6	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	113	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	113	8	random	random	ADJ
fis-5437	113	9	variable	variable	NOUN
fis-5437	113	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	11	μ	μ	PROPN
fis-5437	113	12	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	113	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	113	14	position	position	NOUN
fis-5437	113	15	parameter	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	113	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	17	σ	σ	PROPN
fis-5437	113	18	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	113	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	113	20	scale	scale	NOUN
fis-5437	113	21	parameter	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	113	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	23	ζ	ζ	PROPN
fis-5437	113	24	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	113	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	113	26	shape	shape	NOUN
fis-5437	113	27	parameter	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	113	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	113	29	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	113	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	113	31	last	last	ADJ
fis-5437	113	32	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	113	33	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	113	34	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	113	35	determined	determine	VERB
fis-5437	113	36	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	113	37	the	the	DET
fis-5437	113	38	selected	select	VERB
fis-5437	113	39	sample	sample	NOUN
fis-5437	113	40	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	114	2	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	114	3	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	114	4	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	114	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	114	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	114	7	temperature	temperature	NOUN
fis-5437	114	8	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	114	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	114	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	114	11	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	114	12	jointless	jointless	ADJ
fis-5437	114	13	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	114	14	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	114	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	114	16	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	114	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	114	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	114	19	following	follow	VERB
fis-5437	114	20	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	114	21	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	114	22	required	require	VERB
fis-5437	114	23	according	accord	VERB
fis-5437	114	24	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	114	25	[	[	X
fis-5437	114	26	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	114	27	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	28	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	29	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	114	30	height	height	NOUN
fis-5437	114	31	h=2.6	h=2.6	PROPN
fis-5437	114	32	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	114	33	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	34	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	114	35	width	width	ADJ
fis-5437	114	36	b=1.6	b=1.6	NOUN
fis-5437	114	37	m	m	PART
fis-5437	114	38	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	39	span	span	VERB
fis-5437	114	40	length	length	PROPN
fis-5437	114	41	l=20	l=20	PROPN
fis-5437	114	42	m	m	PROPN
fis-5437	114	43	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	44	unit	unit	NOUN
fis-5437	114	45	weight	weight	NOUN
fis-5437	114	46	γ=18kn	γ=18kn	PROPN
fis-5437	114	47	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	114	48	m3	m3	PROPN
fis-5437	114	49	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	50	tmax=37.5	tmax=37.5	NOUN
fis-5437	114	51	℃	℃	PROPN
fis-5437	114	52	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	53	tmin=15.7	tmin=15.7	NOUN
fis-5437	114	54	℃	℃	PROPN
fis-5437	114	55	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	114	56	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	114	57	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	114	58	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	114	59	expansion	expansion	NOUN
fis-5437	114	60	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	114	61	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	114	62	α=10×10	α=10×10	NOUN
fis-5437	114	63	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	114	64	6/	6/	NUM
fis-5437	114	65	℃	℃	PROPN
fis-5437	114	66	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	1	if	if	SCONJ
fis-5437	115	2	calculated	calculate	VERB
fis-5437	115	3	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	115	4	beginning	begin	VERB
fis-5437	115	5	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	115	6	zero	zero	NUM
fis-5437	115	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	115	9	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	115	10	spring	spring	NOUN
fis-5437	115	11	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	115	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	115	13	whole	whole	ADJ
fis-5437	115	14	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	115	15	would	would	AUX
fis-5437	115	16	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	115	17	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	18	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	19	2	2	X
fis-5437	115	20	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	21	δl·k+f=372.7	δl·k+f=372.7	PART
fis-5437	115	22	kn	kn	NOUN
fis-5437	115	23	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	24	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	115	25	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	26	parametric	parametric	ADJ
fis-5437	115	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	115	28	parametric	parametric	ADJ
fis-5437	115	29	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	115	30	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	115	31	conducted	conduct	VERB
fis-5437	115	32	to	to	PART
fis-5437	115	33	examine	examine	VERB
fis-5437	115	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	115	35	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	115	36	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	115	37	various	various	ADJ
fis-5437	115	38	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	115	39	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	115	40	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	41	including	include	VERB
fis-5437	115	42	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	115	43	type	type	NOUN
fis-5437	115	44	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	45	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	115	46	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	115	47	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	115	48	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	115	49	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	115	50	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	115	51	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	115	52	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	115	53	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	115	54	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	115	55	spacing	spacing	NOUN
fis-5437	115	56	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	1	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	116	2	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	116	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	116	4	general	general	ADJ
fis-5437	116	5	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	116	6	code	code	NOUN
fis-5437	116	7	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	116	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	116	9	structures	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	116	10	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	11	gb	gb	NOUN
fis-5437	116	12	55008	55008	NUM
fis-5437	116	13	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	116	14	2021	2021	NUM
fis-5437	116	15	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	116	18	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	116	19	were	be	AUX
fis-5437	116	20	set	set	VERB
fis-5437	116	21	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	116	22	follows	follow	VERB
fis-5437	116	23	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	24	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	116	25	type	type	NOUN
fis-5437	116	26	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	27	q345	q345	NUM
fis-5437	116	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	29	q460	q460	PROPN
fis-5437	116	30	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	31	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	116	32	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	116	33	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	116	34	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	35	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	116	36	):	):	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	37	16–24	16–24	NUM
fis-5437	116	38	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	116	39	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	40	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	116	41	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	116	42	spacing	space	VERB
fis-5437	116	43	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	44	eₓ	eₓ	NOUN
fis-5437	116	45	):	):	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	46	200–800	200–800	NUM
fis-5437	116	47	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	116	48	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	49	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	116	50	a	a	DET
fis-5437	116	51	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	116	52	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	116	53	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	116	54	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	116	55	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	56	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	116	57	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	116	58	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	116	59	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	116	60	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	61	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	116	62	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	116	63	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	116	64	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	1	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	117	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	117	3	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	117	4	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	5	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	117	6	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	7	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	117	8	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	117	9	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	117	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	11	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	117	12	273	273	NUM
fis-5437	117	13	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	117	14	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	117	15	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	117	16	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	117	17	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	18	ρ₁	ρ₁	NOUN
fis-5437	117	19	):	):	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	20	1.01	1.01	NUM
fis-5437	117	21	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	117	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	23	1.52	1.52	NUM
fis-5437	117	24	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	117	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	26	2.11	2.11	NUM
fis-5437	117	27	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	117	28	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	29	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	117	30	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	117	31	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	32	wₛ	wₛ	PROPN
fis-5437	117	33	):	):	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	34	400–600	400–600	NUM
fis-5437	117	35	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	117	36	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	37	abutment	abutment	ADJ
fis-5437	117	38	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	117	39	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	117	40	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	41	w𝑐𝑐	w𝑐𝑐	NOUN
fis-5437	117	42	):	):	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	43	750–1500	750–1500	NUM
fis-5437	117	44	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	117	45	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	46	abutment	abutment	VERB
fis-5437	117	47	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	117	48	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	117	49	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	50	ρ₂	ρ₂	NOUN
fis-5437	117	51	):	):	PUNCT
fis-5437	117	52	0.8%–1.2	0.8%–1.2	NOUN
fis-5437	117	53	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	117	54	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	118	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	118	2	validate	validate	VERB
fis-5437	118	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	118	4	parametric	parametric	ADJ
fis-5437	118	5	study	study	NOUN
fis-5437	118	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	118	7	a	a	DET
fis-5437	118	8	pilot	pilot	NOUN
fis-5437	118	9	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	118	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	118	11	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	118	12	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	118	13	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	118	14	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	118	15	designed	design	VERB
fis-5437	118	16	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	118	17	analyzed	analyze	VERB
fis-5437	118	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	119	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	119	2	span	span	NOUN
fis-5437	119	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	119	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	119	5	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	119	6	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	119	7	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	119	8	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	119	9	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	119	10	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	119	11	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	119	12	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	119	13	l	l	NOUN
fis-5437	119	14	=	=	SYM
fis-5437	119	15	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	119	16	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	119	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	119	18	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	119	19	consists	consist	VERB
fis-5437	119	20	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	119	21	four	four	NUM
fis-5437	119	22	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	119	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	119	24	each	each	DET
fis-5437	119	25	b	b	X
fis-5437	119	26	=	=	SYM
fis-5437	119	27	1.6	1.6	NUM
fis-5437	119	28	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	119	29	wide	wide	ADJ
fis-5437	119	30	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	119	31	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	119	32	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
fis-5437	119	33	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	119	34	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	119	35	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	120	1	8	8	X
fis-5437	120	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	121	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	121	2	total	total	ADJ
fis-5437	121	3	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	121	4	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	121	5	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	121	6	8.5	8.5	NUM
fis-5437	121	7	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	121	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	121	9	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	121	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	121	11	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	121	12	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	121	13	has	have	VERB
fis-5437	121	14	a	a	DET
fis-5437	121	15	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	121	16	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	121	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	121	18	0.9	0.9	NUM
fis-5437	121	19	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	121	20	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	121	21	a	a	DET
fis-5437	121	22	height	height	NOUN
fis-5437	121	23	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	121	24	2.6	2.6	NUM
fis-5437	121	25	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	121	26	the	the	DET
fis-5437	121	27	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	121	28	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	121	29	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	121	30	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	121	31	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	121	32	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	121	33	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	121	34	type	type	NOUN
fis-5437	121	35	hw400×400×20×20	hw400×400×20×20	PROPN
fis-5437	122	1	mm	mm	INTJ
fis-5437	122	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	123	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	123	2	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	123	3	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	123	4	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
fis-5437	123	5	finite	finite	ADJ
fis-5437	123	6	element	element	NOUN
fis-5437	123	7	model	model	NOUN
fis-5437	123	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	123	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	123	10	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	123	11	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	123	12	joint	joint	ADJ
fis-5437	123	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	123	14	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	123	15	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	123	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	123	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	123	18	h	h	ADV
fis-5437	123	19	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	123	20	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	123	21	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	123	22	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	123	23	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	123	24	developed	develop	VERB
fis-5437	123	25	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	123	26	abaqus	abaqus	NOUN
fis-5437	123	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	124	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	124	2	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	124	3	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	124	4	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	124	5	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	124	6	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	124	7	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	124	8	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
fis-5437	124	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	124	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	124	11	integrated	integrate	VERB
fis-5437	124	12	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	124	13	were	be	AUX
fis-5437	124	14	then	then	ADV
fis-5437	124	15	systematically	systematically	ADV
fis-5437	124	16	investigated	investigate	VERB
fis-5437	124	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	125	1	here	here	ADV
fis-5437	125	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	125	3	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	125	4	represents	represent	VERB
fis-5437	125	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	125	6	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	125	7	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	125	8	height	height	NOUN
fis-5437	125	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	125	10	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	125	11	h	h	PROPN
fis-5437	125	12	denotes	denote	VERB
fis-5437	125	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	125	14	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	125	15	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	125	16	height	height	NOUN
fis-5437	125	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	126	1	1600	1600	NUM
fis-5437	126	2	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	126	3	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	126	4	15	15	NUM
fis-5437	126	5	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	126	6	30	30	NUM
fis-5437	126	7	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	126	8	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	126	9	25	25	NUM
fis-5437	126	10	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	126	11	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	126	12	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	126	13	8	8	NUM
fis-5437	126	14	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	126	15	cross	cross	NOUN
fis-5437	126	16	-	-	NOUN
fis-5437	126	17	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	126	18	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	126	19	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	126	20	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	126	21	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	126	22	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	126	23	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	126	24	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	126	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	127	1	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	127	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	127	3	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	127	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	127	5	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	127	6	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	127	7	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	127	8	s	s	VERB
fis-5437	127	9	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	127	10	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	127	11	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	127	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	128	1	9	9	NUM
fis-5437	128	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	128	3	increasing	increase	VERB
fis-5437	128	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	128	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	128	6	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	128	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	128	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	128	9	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	128	10	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	128	11	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	128	12	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	128	13	q345	q345	PROPN
fis-5437	128	14	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	128	15	q460	q460	PROPN
fis-5437	128	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	128	17	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	128	18	keeping	keep	VERB
fis-5437	128	19	other	other	ADJ
fis-5437	128	20	parameters	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	128	21	constant	constant	ADJ
fis-5437	128	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	128	23	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	128	24	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	128	25	a	a	DET
fis-5437	128	26	slight	slight	ADJ
fis-5437	128	27	improvement	improvement	NOUN
fis-5437	128	28	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	128	29	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	128	30	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	128	31	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	128	32	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	129	1	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	129	2	a	a	DET
fis-5437	129	3	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	129	4	height	height	NOUN
fis-5437	129	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	129	6	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	129	7	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	129	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	129	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	129	10	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	129	11	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	129	12	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	129	13	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	129	14	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	129	15	559	559	NUM
fis-5437	129	16	kn	kn	NOUN
fis-5437	129	17	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	129	18	592	592	NUM
fis-5437	129	19	kn	kn	NOUN
fis-5437	129	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	129	21	representing	represent	VERB
fis-5437	129	22	a	a	DET
fis-5437	129	23	5.9	5.9	NUM
fis-5437	129	24	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	129	25	increase	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	129	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	130	1	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	130	2	a	a	DET
fis-5437	130	3	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	130	4	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	130	5	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	130	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	130	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	130	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	130	9	rises	rise	VERB
fis-5437	130	10	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	130	11	652	652	NUM
fis-5437	130	12	kn	kn	PROPN
fis-5437	130	13	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	130	14	675	675	NUM
fis-5437	130	15	kn	kn	PROPN
fis-5437	130	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	130	17	an	an	DET
fis-5437	130	18	increase	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	130	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	130	20	3.5	3.5	NUM
fis-5437	130	21	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	130	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	131	1	these	these	DET
fis-5437	131	2	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	131	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	131	4	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	131	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	131	6	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	131	7	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	131	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	131	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	131	10	high	high	ADJ
fis-5437	131	11	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	131	12	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	131	13	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	131	14	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	131	15	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	131	16	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	131	17	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	131	18	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	131	19	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	131	20	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	131	21	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	131	22	minimally	minimally	ADV
fis-5437	131	23	affected	affect	VERB
fis-5437	131	24	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	131	25	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	131	26	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	131	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	132	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
fis-5437	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	132	3	a	a	DET
fis-5437	132	4	more	more	ADV
fis-5437	132	5	economical	economical	ADJ
fis-5437	132	6	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	132	7	grade	grade	NOUN
fis-5437	132	8	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	132	9	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	132	10	selected	select	VERB
fis-5437	132	11	without	without	ADP
fis-5437	132	12	significantly	significantly	ADV
fis-5437	132	13	compromising	compromise	VERB
fis-5437	132	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	132	15	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	132	16	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	132	17	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	132	18	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	132	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	133	1	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	133	2	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
fis-5437	133	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	133	4	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	133	5	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	134	1	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	134	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	134	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	134	4	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	134	5	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	134	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	134	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	134	8	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	134	9	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	134	10	base	base	NOUN
fis-5437	134	11	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	134	12	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	134	13	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	134	14	2.4	2.4	NUM
fis-5437	134	15	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	134	16	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	134	17	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	134	18	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	134	19	expands	expand	VERB
fis-5437	134	20	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	134	21	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	134	22	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	134	23	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	134	24	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	134	25	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	134	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	134	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	134	28	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	134	29	12	12	NUM
fis-5437	134	30	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	134	31	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	134	32	further	far	ADV
fis-5437	134	33	increased	increase	VERB
fis-5437	134	34	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	134	35	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	134	36	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	134	37	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	135	1	according	accord	VERB
fis-5437	135	2	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	135	3	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	135	4	specifications	specification	NOUN
fis-5437	135	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	135	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	135	7	base	base	NOUN
fis-5437	135	8	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	135	9	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	135	10	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	135	11	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	135	12	set	set	VERB
fis-5437	135	13	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	135	14	either	either	PRON
fis-5437	135	15	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	135	16	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	135	17	or	or	CCONJ
fis-5437	135	18	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	135	19	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	135	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	135	21	depending	depend	VERB
fis-5437	135	22	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	135	23	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	135	24	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	135	25	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	135	26	requirements	requirement	NOUN
fis-5437	135	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	136	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	136	2	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	136	3	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	136	4	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	136	5	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	136	6	suitable	suitable	ADJ
fis-5437	136	7	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	136	8	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	136	9	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	136	10	standards	standard	NOUN
fis-5437	136	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	136	12	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
fis-5437	136	13	a	a	DET
fis-5437	136	14	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	136	15	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	136	16	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	136	17	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	136	18	preferable	preferable	ADJ
fis-5437	136	19	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	136	20	higher	high	ADJ
fis-5437	136	21	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	136	22	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	136	23	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	136	24	demands	demand	NOUN
fis-5437	136	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	137	1	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	137	2	depicted	depict	VERB
fis-5437	137	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	137	4	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	137	5	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	138	1	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	138	3	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	138	4	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	138	5	depths	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	138	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	138	7	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	138	8	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	138	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	138	10	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	138	11	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	138	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	138	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	138	14	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	138	15	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	138	16	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	138	17	does	do	AUX
fis-5437	138	18	not	not	PART
fis-5437	138	19	increase	increase	VERB
fis-5437	138	20	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	138	21	changes	change	NOUN
fis-5437	138	22	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	138	23	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	138	24	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	138	25	or	or	CCONJ
fis-5437	138	26	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	138	27	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	138	28	spacing	spacing	NOUN
fis-5437	138	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	139	2	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	139	3	mode	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	139	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	139	5	reveals	reveal	VERB
fis-5437	139	6	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	139	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	139	8	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	139	9	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
fis-5437	139	10	loses	lose	VERB
fis-5437	139	11	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	139	12	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	139	13	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	14	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	139	15	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	139	16	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	139	17	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	139	18	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	139	19	crushing	crush	VERB
fis-5437	139	20	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	139	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	139	22	floor	floor	NOUN
fis-5437	139	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	24	rather	rather	ADV
fis-5437	139	25	than	than	ADP
fis-5437	139	26	limitations	limitation	NOUN
fis-5437	139	27	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	139	28	the	the	DET
fis-5437	139	29	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	139	30	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	139	31	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	139	32	.	.	PROPN
fis-5437	139	33	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	139	34	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	139	35	40	40	NUM
fis-5437	139	36	60	60	NUM
fis-5437	139	37	80	80	NUM
fis-5437	139	38	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	139	39	200	200	NUM
fis-5437	139	40	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	139	41	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	139	42	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	139	43	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	139	44	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	139	45	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	46	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	139	47	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	139	48	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	49	u(mm	u(mm	NOUN
fis-5437	139	50	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	51	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	139	52	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	139	53	q345	q345	PROPN
fis-5437	139	54	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	139	55	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	139	56	q460	q460	SYM
fis-5437	139	57	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	139	58	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	139	59	q345	q345	PROPN
fis-5437	139	60	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	139	61	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	139	62	q460	q460	SYM
fis-5437	139	63	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	139	64	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	139	65	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	139	66	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	139	67	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	139	68	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	139	69	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	139	70	900	900	NUM
fis-5437	139	71	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	139	72	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	139	73	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	74	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	139	75	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	139	76	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	77	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	139	78	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	139	79	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	139	80	beam	beam	NOUN
fis-5437	139	81	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	139	82	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	139	83	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	84	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	139	85	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	86	h=800	h=800	NUM
fis-5437	139	87	mm	mm	NUM
fis-5437	139	88	h=1000	h=1000	ADJ
fis-5437	139	89	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	139	90	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	139	91	9	9	NUM
fis-5437	139	92	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	139	93	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	139	94	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	139	95	the	the	DET
fis-5437	139	96	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	139	97	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	139	98	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	139	99	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	139	100	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	139	101	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	139	102	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	140	1	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	140	2	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	140	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	140	4	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	140	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	140	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	140	7	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	140	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	140	9	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	140	10	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	140	11	bottom	bottom	NOUN
fis-5437	140	12	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	140	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	141	2	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	141	3	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	141	4	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	141	5	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	141	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	7	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	141	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	141	9	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	141	10	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	141	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	12	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	141	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	14	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	141	15	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	16	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	141	17	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	141	18	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	141	19	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	20	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	141	21	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	22	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	141	23	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	141	24	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	141	25	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	26	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	141	27	274	274	NUM
fis-5437	141	28	200	200	NUM
fis-5437	141	29	300	300	NUM
fis-5437	141	30	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	141	31	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	141	32	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	141	33	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	141	34	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	141	35	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	141	36	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	141	37	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	141	38	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	141	39	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	141	40	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	141	41	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	42	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	141	43	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	141	44	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	141	45	ex(mm	ex(mm	PROPN
fis-5437	141	46	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	1	h800	h800	PROPN
fis-5437	142	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	3	t16	t16	PRON
fis-5437	142	4	h800	h800	PROPN
fis-5437	142	5	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	6	t24	t24	NOUN
fis-5437	142	7	h1000	h1000	PROPN
fis-5437	142	8	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	9	t24	t24	NOUN
fis-5437	142	10	h1000	h1000	PROPN
fis-5437	142	11	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	12	t16	t16	PROPN
fis-5437	142	13	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	142	14	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	142	15	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	142	16	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	142	17	24	24	NUM
fis-5437	142	18	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	142	19	450	450	NUM
fis-5437	142	20	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	142	21	550	550	NUM
fis-5437	142	22	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	142	23	650	650	NUM
fis-5437	142	24	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	142	25	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	142	26	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	142	27	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	28	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	142	29	n	n	PROPN
fis-5437	142	30	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	142	32	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	142	33	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	142	34	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	142	35	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	142	36	t(mm	t(mm	NOUN
fis-5437	142	37	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	142	38	h1000	h1000	PROPN
fis-5437	143	1	h800	h800	PROPN
fis-5437	143	2	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	3	a	a	NOUN
fis-5437	143	4	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	5	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	6	b	b	X
fis-5437	143	7	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	8	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	143	9	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	143	10	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	11	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	143	12	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	143	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	143	14	center	center	ADJ
fis-5437	143	15	distance	distance	NOUN
fis-5437	143	16	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	143	17	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	143	18	dowels(a	dowels(a	PROPN
fis-5437	143	19	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	20	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	143	21	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	143	22	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	143	23	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	143	24	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	143	25	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	26	b	b	NOUN
fis-5437	143	27	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	143	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	144	1	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	144	2	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	144	3	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	144	4	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
fis-5437	144	5	were	be	AUX
fis-5437	144	6	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
fis-5437	144	7	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	144	8	embedding	embed	VERB
fis-5437	144	9	into	into	ADP
fis-5437	144	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	144	11	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	144	12	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	144	13	bottom	bottom	NOUN
fis-5437	144	14	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	144	15	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	144	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	144	17	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	144	18	end	end	NOUN
fis-5437	144	19	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	144	20	cl-1	cl-1	NUM
fis-5437	144	21	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	144	22	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	144	23	spacing	space	VERB
fis-5437	144	24	ex=200	ex=200	PROPN
fis-5437	144	25	mm	mm	PROPN
fis-5437	144	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	144	27	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	144	28	two	two	NUM
fis-5437	144	29	rows	row	NOUN
fis-5437	144	30	spaced	space	VERB
fis-5437	144	31	260	260	NUM
fis-5437	144	32	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	144	33	apart	apart	ADV
fis-5437	144	34	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	144	35	the	the	DET
fis-5437	144	36	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	144	37	end	end	NOUN
fis-5437	144	38	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	145	1	cl-2	cl-2	NUM
fis-5437	145	2	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	145	3	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	145	4	spacing	space	VERB
fis-5437	145	5	ex=200	ex=200	PROPN
fis-5437	145	6	mm	mm	PROPN
fis-5437	145	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	145	8	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	145	9	a	a	DET
fis-5437	145	10	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	145	11	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN
fis-5437	145	12	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	145	13	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	145	14	rows	row	NOUN
fis-5437	145	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	145	16	spaced	space	VERB
fis-5437	145	17	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	145	18	mm	mm	INTJ
fis-5437	145	19	apart	apart	ADV
fis-5437	145	20	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	145	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	145	22	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	145	23	end	end	NOUN
fis-5437	145	24	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	146	1	cl-3	cl-3	NOUN
fis-5437	146	2	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	146	3	no	no	DET
fis-5437	146	4	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	146	5	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	146	6	arranged	arrange	VERB
fis-5437	146	7	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	147	1	tab	tab	NOUN
fis-5437	147	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	148	1	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	148	2	compares	compare	VERB
fis-5437	148	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	148	4	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	148	5	capacities	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	148	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	148	7	these	these	DET
fis-5437	148	8	configurations	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	148	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	148	10	showing	show	VERB
fis-5437	148	11	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	148	12	cl-2	cl-2	PART
fis-5437	148	13	outperforms	outperform	VERB
fis-5437	148	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	148	15	other	other	ADJ
fis-5437	148	16	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
fis-5437	148	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	149	1	compared	compare	VERB
fis-5437	149	2	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	149	3	cl-1	cl-1	NUM
fis-5437	149	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	149	5	cl-2	cl-2	PUNCT
fis-5437	149	6	improves	improve	VERB
fis-5437	149	7	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	149	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	149	9	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	149	10	2.3	2.3	NUM
fis-5437	149	11	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	149	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	149	13	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	149	14	compared	compare	VERB
fis-5437	149	15	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	149	16	cl-3	cl-3	VERB
fis-5437	149	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	149	18	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	149	19	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	149	20	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	149	21	6.1	6.1	NUM
fis-5437	149	22	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	149	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	150	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
fis-5437	150	2	featuring	feature	VERB
fis-5437	150	3	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	150	4	rows	row	NOUN
fis-5437	150	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	150	6	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	150	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	150	8	cl-2	cl-2	X
fis-5437	150	9	does	do	AUX
fis-5437	150	10	not	not	PART
fis-5437	150	11	compromise	compromise	VERB
fis-5437	150	12	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	150	13	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
fis-5437	150	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	150	15	making	make	VERB
fis-5437	150	16	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	150	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	150	18	recommended	recommend	VERB
fis-5437	150	19	configuration	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	150	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	151	1	cl-1	cl-1	X
fis-5437	151	2	cl-2	cl-2	X
fis-5437	152	1	cl-3	cl-3	NOUN
fis-5437	152	2	rf	rf	VERB
fis-5437	152	3	655	655	NUM
fis-5437	152	4	670	670	NUM
fis-5437	152	5	632	632	NUM
fis-5437	152	6	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	152	7	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	152	8	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	152	9	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	152	10	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	152	11	combinations	combination	NOUN
fis-5437	152	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	1	0.6	0.6	NUM
fis-5437	153	2	0.8	0.8	NUM
fis-5437	153	3	1.0	1.0	NUM
fis-5437	153	4	1.2	1.2	NUM
fis-5437	153	5	1.4	1.4	NUM
fis-5437	153	6	450	450	NUM
fis-5437	153	7	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	153	8	550	550	NUM
fis-5437	153	9	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	153	10	650	650	NUM
fis-5437	153	11	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	153	12	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	153	13	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	153	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	15	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	153	16	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	153	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	18	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	153	19	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	153	20	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	21	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	153	22	h=1000	h=1000	PROPN
fis-5437	153	23	mm	mm	PROPN
fis-5437	153	24	h=800	h=800	PROPN
fis-5437	153	25	mm	mm	PROPN
fis-5437	153	26	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	153	27	1.0	1.0	NUM
fis-5437	153	28	1.5	1.5	NUM
fis-5437	153	29	2.0	2.0	NUM
fis-5437	153	30	2.5	2.5	NUM
fis-5437	153	31	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	153	32	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	153	33	900	900	NUM
fis-5437	153	34	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	153	35	1100	1100	NUM
fis-5437	153	36	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	153	37	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	153	38	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	39	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	153	40	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	153	41	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	42	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	153	43	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	153	44	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	45	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	153	46	panel	panel	NOUN
fis-5437	153	47	h=800	h=800	PROPN
fis-5437	153	48	mm	mm	NUM
fis-5437	153	49	h=1000	h=1000	ADJ
fis-5437	153	50	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	153	51	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	153	52	12	12	NUM
fis-5437	153	53	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	54	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	153	55	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	56	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	153	57	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	153	58	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	59	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	153	60	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	153	61	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	153	62	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	63	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	153	64	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	65	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	153	66	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	153	67	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	68	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	153	69	ρ2	ρ2	NOUN
fis-5437	153	70	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	153	71	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	72	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	153	73	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	153	74	ig	ig	PROPN
fis-5437	153	75	.	.	PROPN
fis-5437	153	76	12	12	NUM
fis-5437	153	77	shows	show	VERB
fis-5437	153	78	the	the	DET
fis-5437	153	79	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	153	80	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	81	the	the	DET
fis-5437	153	82	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	153	83	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	153	84	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	153	85	the	the	DET
fis-5437	153	86	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	153	87	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	88	ρ₁	ρ₁	NOUN
fis-5437	153	89	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	90	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	153	91	the	the	DET
fis-5437	153	92	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	153	93	's	's	PART
fis-5437	153	94	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	153	95	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	153	96	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	153	97	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	153	98	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	154	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	154	2	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	154	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	154	4	a	a	DET
fis-5437	154	5	significant	significant	ADJ
fis-5437	154	6	correlation	correlation	NOUN
fis-5437	154	7	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	154	8	ρ₁	ρ₁	NOUN
fis-5437	154	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	154	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	154	11	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	154	12	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	154	13	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	154	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	154	15	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	154	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	155	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
fis-5437	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	155	3	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	155	4	ρ₁	ρ₁	NOUN
fis-5437	155	5	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	155	6	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	155	7	0.7	0.7	NUM
fis-5437	155	8	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	155	9	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	155	10	1.5	1.5	NUM
fis-5437	155	11	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	155	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	155	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	155	14	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	155	15	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	155	16	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	155	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	155	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	155	19	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	155	20	improves	improve	VERB
fis-5437	155	21	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	155	22	approximately	approximately	ADV
fis-5437	155	23	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	155	24	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	155	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	1	f	f	PROPN
fis-5437	156	2	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	156	3	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	156	4	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	156	5	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	156	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	7	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	156	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	156	9	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	156	10	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	156	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	12	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	156	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	14	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	156	15	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	16	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	156	17	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	156	18	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	156	19	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	20	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	156	21	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	22	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	156	23	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	156	24	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	156	25	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	26	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	156	27	275	275	NUM
fis-5437	156	28	similarly	similarly	ADV
fis-5437	156	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	156	30	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	156	31	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	157	1	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	157	2	presents	present	VERB
fis-5437	157	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	157	4	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	157	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	157	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	157	7	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	157	8	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	157	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	157	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	157	11	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	157	12	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	157	13	ρ₂	ρ₂	NOUN
fis-5437	157	14	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	157	15	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	157	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	157	17	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	157	18	's	's	PART
fis-5437	157	19	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	157	20	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	157	21	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	157	22	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	157	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	158	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	158	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	158	3	reveals	reveal	VERB
fis-5437	158	4	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	158	5	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	158	6	ρ₂	ρ₂	ADJ
fis-5437	158	7	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	158	8	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	158	9	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	158	10	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	158	11	to	to	PART
fis-5437	158	12	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	158	13	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	158	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	158	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	158	16	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	158	17	's	's	PART
fis-5437	158	18	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	158	19	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	158	20	enhances	enhance	NOUN
fis-5437	158	21	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	158	22	approximately	approximately	ADV
fis-5437	158	23	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	158	24	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	158	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	159	1	these	these	DET
fis-5437	159	2	findings	finding	NOUN
fis-5437	159	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
fis-5437	159	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	159	5	crucial	crucial	ADJ
fis-5437	159	6	role	role	NOUN
fis-5437	159	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	159	8	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	159	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	159	10	improving	improve	VERB
fis-5437	159	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	159	12	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	159	13	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	159	14	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	159	15	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	159	16	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	159	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	159	18	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	159	19	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	159	20	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	159	21	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	160	1	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	160	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	160	3	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	160	4	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	160	5	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	160	6	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	160	7	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	160	8	wc	wc	PROPN
fis-5437	160	9	s	s	PROPN
fis-5437	160	10	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	160	11	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	160	12	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	160	13	fig.14	fig.14	NOUN
fis-5437	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	160	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	160	16	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	160	17	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	160	18	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	160	19	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	160	20	750–1500	750–1500	NUM
fis-5437	160	21	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	160	22	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	160	23	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
fis-5437	160	24	a	a	DET
fis-5437	160	25	linear	linear	ADJ
fis-5437	160	26	relationship	relationship	NOUN
fis-5437	160	27	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	160	28	the	the	DET
fis-5437	160	29	overall	overall	ADJ
fis-5437	160	30	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	160	31	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	160	32	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	160	33	the	the	DET
fis-5437	160	34	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	160	35	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	161	1	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	161	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	161	3	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	161	4	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	161	5	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	161	6	750	750	NUM
fis-5437	161	7	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	161	8	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	161	9	1500	1500	NUM
fis-5437	161	10	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	161	11	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	161	12	a	a	DET
fis-5437	161	13	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	161	14	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	161	15	increase	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	161	16	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	161	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	161	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	161	19	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	161	20	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	161	21	improves	improve	VERB
fis-5437	161	22	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	161	23	35.8	35.8	NUM
fis-5437	161	24	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	161	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	162	1	these	these	DET
fis-5437	162	2	findings	finding	NOUN
fis-5437	162	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
fis-5437	162	4	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	162	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	162	6	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	162	7	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	162	8	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	162	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	162	10	abutments	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	162	11	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	162	12	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	162	13	optimized	optimize	VERB
fis-5437	162	14	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	162	15	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	162	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	162	17	specific	specific	ADJ
fis-5437	162	18	requirements	requirement	NOUN
fis-5437	162	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	162	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	162	21	project	project	NOUN
fis-5437	162	22	to	to	PART
fis-5437	162	23	achieve	achieve	VERB
fis-5437	162	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	162	25	desired	desire	VERB
fis-5437	162	26	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	162	27	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	162	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	163	1	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	163	2	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	163	3	1200	1200	NUM
fis-5437	163	4	1400	1400	NUM
fis-5437	163	5	160	160	NUM
fis-5437	163	6	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	163	7	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	163	8	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	163	9	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	163	10	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	163	11	900	900	NUM
fis-5437	163	12	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	163	13	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	163	14	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	163	15	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	163	16	k	k	NOUN
fis-5437	163	17	n	n	CCONJ
fis-5437	163	18	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	163	19	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	163	20	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	163	21	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	163	22	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	163	23	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	163	24	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	163	25	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	163	26	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	163	27	h=800	h=800	NUM
fis-5437	163	28	mm	mm	NUM
fis-5437	163	29	h=1000	h=1000	ADJ
fis-5437	163	30	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	163	31	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	163	32	14	14	NUM
fis-5437	163	33	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	163	34	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	163	35	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	163	36	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	163	37	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	163	38	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	163	39	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	163	40	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	163	41	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	164	1	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	164	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
fis-5437	164	3	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	164	4	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	164	5	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	164	6	transition	transition	NOUN
fis-5437	164	7	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
fis-5437	164	8	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	164	9	patterns	pattern	VERB
fis-5437	164	10	he	he	PRON
fis-5437	164	11	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	164	12	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	164	13	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	164	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	164	15	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	164	16	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	164	17	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
fis-5437	164	18	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	164	19	fig.s	fig.s	PROPN
fis-5437	164	20	15–18	15–18	NUM
fis-5437	164	21	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	165	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	165	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	165	3	finite	finite	ADJ
fis-5437	165	4	element	element	NOUN
fis-5437	165	5	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	165	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	165	7	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	165	8	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	165	9	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	165	10	represented	represent	VERB
fis-5437	165	11	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	165	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	165	13	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	165	14	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	165	15	principal	principal	NOUN
fis-5437	165	16	strain	strain	VERB
fis-5437	165	17	contour	contour	NOUN
fis-5437	165	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	165	19	where	where	SCONJ
fis-5437	165	20	white	white	ADJ
fis-5437	165	21	areas	area	NOUN
fis-5437	165	22	indicate	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	165	23	severe	severe	ADJ
fis-5437	165	24	cracking	cracking	NOUN
fis-5437	165	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	166	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	166	2	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	166	3	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	166	4	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	166	5	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	166	6	depicted	depict	VERB
fis-5437	166	7	using	use	VERB
fis-5437	166	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	166	9	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	166	10	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	166	11	contour	contour	NOUN
fis-5437	166	12	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	166	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	166	14	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	166	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	167	1	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	167	2	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	167	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	167	4	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	167	5	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	168	1	15	15	NUM
fis-5437	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	168	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	168	4	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	168	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	168	6	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	168	7	3×	3×	NUM
fis-5437	168	8	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	168	9	amplification	amplification	NOUN
fis-5437	168	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	168	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	168	12	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	168	13	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	168	14	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	168	15	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	168	16	reveal	reveal	VERB
fis-5437	168	17	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	168	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	168	19	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	168	20	experiences	experience	VERB
fis-5437	168	21	significant	significant	ADJ
fis-5437	168	22	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	168	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	168	24	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	168	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	168	26	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	168	27	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	168	28	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	168	29	ends	end	NOUN
fis-5437	168	30	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	168	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	168	32	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	168	33	undergo	undergo	NOUN
fis-5437	168	34	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	168	35	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	169	1	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	169	2	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	169	3	high	high	ADJ
fis-5437	169	4	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	169	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	169	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	169	7	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	169	8	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	169	9	near	near	ADP
fis-5437	169	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	169	11	front	front	NOUN
fis-5437	169	12	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	169	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	169	14	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	169	15	deforms	deform	VERB
fis-5437	169	16	significantly	significantly	ADV
fis-5437	169	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	170	1	during	during	ADP
fis-5437	170	2	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	170	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	170	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	170	5	neutral	neutral	ADJ
fis-5437	170	6	axis	axis	NOUN
fis-5437	170	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	170	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	170	9	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	170	10	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	170	11	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	170	12	gradually	gradually	ADV
fis-5437	170	13	moves	move	VERB
fis-5437	170	14	downward	downward	ADV
fis-5437	170	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	170	16	leading	lead	VERB
fis-5437	170	17	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	170	18	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	170	19	around	around	ADP
fis-5437	170	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	170	21	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	170	22	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	170	23	near	near	ADP
fis-5437	170	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	170	25	front	front	NOUN
fis-5437	170	26	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	170	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	170	28	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	170	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	171	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	171	2	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	171	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	171	4	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	171	5	forming	form	VERB
fis-5437	171	6	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	171	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	171	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	171	9	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	171	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	172	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	172	2	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	172	3	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	172	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	172	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	172	6	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	172	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	172	8	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	172	9	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	172	10	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	172	11	primarily	primarily	ADV
fis-5437	172	12	subjected	subject	VERB
fis-5437	172	13	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	172	14	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	172	15	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	172	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	172	17	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB
fis-5437	172	18	significant	significant	ADJ
fis-5437	172	19	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	172	20	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	172	21	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	173	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	2	relative	relative	ADJ
fis-5437	173	3	angle	angle	NOUN
fis-5437	173	4	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	173	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	6	inserted	insert	VERB
fis-5437	173	7	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	173	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	173	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	10	extended	extended	ADJ
fis-5437	173	11	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	173	12	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	173	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	14	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	173	15	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	173	16	indicates	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	173	17	strong	strong	ADJ
fis-5437	173	18	interaction	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	173	19	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	173	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	21	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	173	22	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	173	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	173	24	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	173	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	26	high	high	ADJ
fis-5437	173	27	connection	connection	NOUN
fis-5437	173	28	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	173	29	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	173	30	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	173	31	resistance	resistance	NOUN
fis-5437	173	32	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	173	33	the	the	DET
fis-5437	173	34	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	173	35	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	173	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	174	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
fis-5437	174	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	174	3	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	174	4	process	process	NOUN
fis-5437	174	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	174	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	174	7	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	174	8	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	174	9	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	174	10	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	174	11	subjected	subject	VERB
fis-5437	174	12	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	174	13	large	large	ADJ
fis-5437	174	14	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	174	15	moments	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	174	16	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	174	17	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	174	18	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	174	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	174	20	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
fis-5437	174	21	causing	cause	VERB
fis-5437	174	22	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	174	23	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	174	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	174	25	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	174	26	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	174	27	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	174	28	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	174	29	excessive	excessive	ADJ
fis-5437	174	30	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	174	31	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	174	32	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	174	33	stresses	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	174	34	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	174	35	the	the	DET
fis-5437	174	36	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	174	37	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	174	38	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	174	39	interface	interface	NOUN
fis-5437	174	40	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	175	1	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	175	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	175	3	external	external	ADJ
fis-5437	175	4	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	175	5	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	175	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	175	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	175	8	number	number	NOUN
fis-5437	175	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	175	10	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	175	11	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	175	12	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	175	13	progressively	progressively	ADV
fis-5437	175	14	expand	expand	VERB
fis-5437	175	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	176	1	figure	figure	VERB
fis-5437	176	2	15	15	NUM
fis-5437	176	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	176	4	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	176	5	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	176	6	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	176	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	176	8	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	176	9	main	main	ADJ
fis-5437	176	10	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	176	11	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	176	12	mpa	mpa	PROPN
fis-5437	176	13	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	176	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	177	2	t	t	NOUN
fis-5437	177	3	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	177	4	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	177	5	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	177	6	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	177	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	8	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	177	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	177	10	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	177	11	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	177	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	13	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	177	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	15	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	177	16	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	17	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	177	18	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	177	19	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	177	20	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	21	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	177	22	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	23	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	177	24	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	177	25	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	177	26	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	27	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	177	28	276	276	NUM
fis-5437	177	29	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	177	30	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	177	31	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	177	32	plastic	plastic	NOUN
fis-5437	177	33	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	177	34	contour	contour	NOUN
fis-5437	177	35	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	177	36	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	177	37	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	177	38	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	178	1	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	178	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	179	1	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	179	2	presents	present	VERB
fis-5437	179	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	179	4	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	179	5	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	179	6	contours	contours	NOUN
fis-5437	179	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	179	8	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	179	9	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	179	10	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	179	11	ex	ex	X
fis-5437	179	12	=	=	NOUN
fis-5437	179	13	200	200	NUM
fis-5437	179	14	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	179	15	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	179	16	ex	ex	ADJ
fis-5437	179	17	=	=	NOUN
fis-5437	179	18	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	179	19	mm	mm	INTJ
fis-5437	179	20	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	179	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	179	22	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	179	23	reaches	reach	VERB
fis-5437	179	24	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	179	25	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	179	26	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	179	27	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	179	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	179	29	highlighting	highlight	VERB
fis-5437	179	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	179	31	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	179	32	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	179	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	180	1	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	180	2	ex	ex	PRON
fis-5437	180	3	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	180	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	180	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	180	6	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	180	7	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	180	8	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	180	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	180	10	interface	interface	NOUN
fis-5437	180	11	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	180	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	180	13	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	180	14	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	180	15	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	180	16	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	180	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	180	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	180	19	extended	extended	ADJ
fis-5437	180	20	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	180	21	expands	expand	VERB
fis-5437	180	22	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	180	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	180	24	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	180	25	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	180	26	the	the	DET
fis-5437	180	27	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	180	28	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	180	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	180	30	creating	create	VERB
fis-5437	180	31	a	a	DET
fis-5437	180	32	weakened	weaken	VERB
fis-5437	180	33	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	180	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	181	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
fis-5437	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	181	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	181	4	tooth	tooth	NOUN
fis-5437	181	5	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	181	6	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	181	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	181	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	181	9	local	local	ADJ
fis-5437	181	10	crushing	crushing	NOUN
fis-5437	181	11	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	181	12	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	181	13	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	181	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	181	15	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	181	16	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	181	17	occurs	occur	VERB
fis-5437	181	18	once	once	ADV
fis-5437	181	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	181	20	weakened	weaken	VERB
fis-5437	181	21	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	181	22	reaches	reach	VERB
fis-5437	181	23	full	full	ADJ
fis-5437	181	24	plasticity	plasticity	NOUN
fis-5437	181	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	182	1	according	accord	VERB
fis-5437	182	2	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	182	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	182	4	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	182	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
fis-5437	182	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	182	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	182	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	182	9	component	component	NOUN
fis-5437	182	10	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	182	11	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	182	12	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	182	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	183	1	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	183	3	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	183	4	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	183	5	initially	initially	ADV
fis-5437	183	6	develop	develop	VERB
fis-5437	183	7	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	183	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	183	9	top	top	NOUN
fis-5437	183	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	183	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	183	12	rear	rear	ADJ
fis-5437	183	13	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	183	14	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	183	15	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	183	16	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	183	17	high	high	ADJ
fis-5437	183	18	stiffness	stiffness	NOUN
fis-5437	183	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	183	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	183	21	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	183	22	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	183	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	183	24	extended	extended	ADJ
fis-5437	183	25	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	183	26	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	183	27	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	183	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	184	1	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	184	2	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	184	3	continues	continue	VERB
fis-5437	184	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	184	5	these	these	DET
fis-5437	184	6	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	184	7	propagate	propagate	VERB
fis-5437	184	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	184	9	particularly	particularly	ADV
fis-5437	184	10	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	184	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	184	12	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	184	13	surrounding	surround	VERB
fis-5437	184	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	184	15	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	184	16	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	184	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	184	18	caused	cause	VERB
fis-5437	184	19	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	184	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	184	21	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	184	22	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	184	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	184	24	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	184	25	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	184	26	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	184	27	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	184	28	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	184	29	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	184	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	184	31	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	184	32	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	185	1	these	these	DET
fis-5437	185	2	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	185	3	gradually	gradually	ADV
fis-5437	185	4	extend	extend	VERB
fis-5437	185	5	toward	toward	ADP
fis-5437	185	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	185	7	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	185	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	186	1	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	186	2	further	further	ADJ
fis-5437	186	3	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	186	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	186	5	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	186	6	stresses	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	186	7	induce	induce	VERB
fis-5437	186	8	cracking	cracking	NOUN
fis-5437	186	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	186	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	186	11	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	186	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	186	13	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	186	14	spreads	spread	VERB
fis-5437	186	15	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	186	16	an	an	DET
fis-5437	186	17	inclined	inclined	ADJ
fis-5437	186	18	angle	angle	NOUN
fis-5437	186	19	toward	toward	ADP
fis-5437	186	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	186	21	junction	junction	NOUN
fis-5437	186	22	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	186	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	186	24	main	main	ADJ
fis-5437	186	25	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	186	26	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	186	27	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	186	28	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	186	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	187	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	187	2	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	187	3	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	187	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	187	5	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	187	6	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	187	7	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	187	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	187	9	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	187	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	188	1	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	188	2	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	189	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	189	2	b	b	NOUN
fis-5437	189	3	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	189	4	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	189	5	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	189	6	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	189	7	mode	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	189	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	190	1	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	190	2	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	190	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	190	4	crack	crack	VERB
fis-5437	190	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	190	6	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	1	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	191	2	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	191	3	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	191	4	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	191	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	6	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	191	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	191	8	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	191	9	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	191	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	11	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	191	12	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	13	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	191	14	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	15	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	191	16	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	191	17	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	191	18	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	19	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	191	20	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	21	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	191	22	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	191	23	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	191	24	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	25	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	191	26	277	277	NUM
fis-5437	191	27	during	during	ADP
fis-5437	191	28	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	191	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	191	31	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	191	32	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	191	33	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	191	34	shear	shear	ADJ
fis-5437	191	35	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	191	36	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	191	37	the	the	DET
fis-5437	191	38	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	191	39	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	191	40	exceed	exceed	VERB
fis-5437	191	41	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	191	42	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	191	43	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	44	causing	cause	VERB
fis-5437	191	45	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	191	46	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	191	47	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	191	48	yielding	yield	VERB
fis-5437	191	49	near	near	ADP
fis-5437	191	50	the	the	DET
fis-5437	191	51	front	front	NOUN
fis-5437	191	52	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	191	53	the	the	DET
fis-5437	191	54	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	191	55	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	56	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	191	57	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	58	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	191	59	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	191	60	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	192	1	eventually	eventually	ADV
fis-5437	192	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	192	3	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	192	4	crushing	crush	VERB
fis-5437	192	5	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	192	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	192	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	192	8	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	192	9	base	base	NOUN
fis-5437	192	10	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	192	11	leads	lead	VERB
fis-5437	192	12	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	192	13	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	192	14	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	192	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	193	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	193	2	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
fis-5437	193	3	highlights	highlight	VERB
fis-5437	193	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	193	5	importance	importance	NOUN
fis-5437	193	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	193	7	considering	consider	VERB
fis-5437	193	8	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	193	9	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	193	10	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	193	11	interaction	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	193	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	193	13	their	their	PRON
fis-5437	193	14	loadbearing	loadbearing	NOUN
fis-5437	193	15	properties	property	NOUN
fis-5437	193	16	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	193	17	various	various	ADJ
fis-5437	193	18	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	193	19	states	state	NOUN
fis-5437	193	20	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	193	21	designing	design	VERB
fis-5437	193	22	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	193	23	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	193	24	structures	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	193	25	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	194	1	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	195	1	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	195	2	40	40	NUM
fis-5437	195	3	60	60	NUM
fis-5437	195	4	80	80	NUM
fis-5437	195	5	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	195	6	0	0	NUM
fis-5437	195	7	100	100	NUM
fis-5437	195	8	200	200	NUM
fis-5437	195	9	300	300	NUM
fis-5437	195	10	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	195	11	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	195	12	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	195	13	700	700	NUM
fis-5437	195	14	lo	lo	NOUN
fis-5437	195	15	ad	ad	NOUN
fis-5437	195	16	（	（	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	17	k	k	PROPN
fis-5437	195	18	n	n	PROPN
fis-5437	195	19	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	20	u(mm	u(mm	NOUN
fis-5437	195	21	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	22	filtered	filter	VERB
fis-5437	195	23	processed	process	VERB
fis-5437	195	24	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	195	25	finite	finite	PROPN
fis-5437	195	26	element	element	PROPN
fis-5437	195	27	raw	raw	ADJ
fis-5437	195	28	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	195	29	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	195	30	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	195	31	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	32	15.25，559.91	15.25，559.91	NOUN
fis-5437	195	33	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	34	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	195	35	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	195	36	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	37	39.12，668.61	39.12，668.61	NUM
fis-5437	195	38	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	39	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	195	40	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	195	41	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	42	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	195	43	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	195	44	displacement	displacement	NOUN
fis-5437	195	45	curve	curve	NOUN
fis-5437	195	46	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	196	1	to	to	PART
fis-5437	196	2	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
fis-5437	196	3	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
fis-5437	196	4	noise	noise	NOUN
fis-5437	196	5	interference	interference	NOUN
fis-5437	196	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	196	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	196	8	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	196	9	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	196	10	displacement	displacement	ADJ
fis-5437	196	11	curve	curve	NOUN
fis-5437	196	12	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	196	13	filtered	filter	VERB
fis-5437	196	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	196	15	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	196	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	196	17	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	196	18	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	196	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	197	1	after	after	ADP
fis-5437	197	2	processing	processing	NOUN
fis-5437	197	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	197	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	197	5	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	197	6	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	197	7	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	197	8	points	point	NOUN
fis-5437	197	9	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	197	10	more	more	ADV
fis-5437	197	11	distinctly	distinctly	ADV
fis-5437	197	12	visible	visible	ADJ
fis-5437	197	13	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	197	14	align	align	VERB
fis-5437	197	15	well	well	ADV
fis-5437	197	16	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	197	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	197	18	original	original	ADJ
fis-5437	197	19	data	datum	NOUN
fis-5437	197	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	198	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	198	2	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	198	3	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	198	4	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	198	5	determined	determine	VERB
fis-5437	198	6	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	198	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	198	8	tangent	tangent	NOUN
fis-5437	198	9	intersection	intersection	NOUN
fis-5437	198	10	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	198	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	198	12	line	line	NOUN
fis-5437	198	13	connecting	connect	VERB
fis-5437	198	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	198	15	extreme	extreme	ADJ
fis-5437	198	16	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	198	17	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	198	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	198	19	origin	origin	NOUN
fis-5437	198	20	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	198	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	198	22	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	198	23	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	198	24	displacement	displacement	NOUN
fis-5437	198	25	curve	curve	NOUN
fis-5437	198	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	199	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	199	2	general	general	ADJ
fis-5437	199	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	199	4	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	199	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	199	6	initial	initial	ADJ
fis-5437	199	7	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	199	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	199	9	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	199	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	199	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	199	12	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	199	13	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
fis-5437	199	14	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
fis-5437	199	15	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	199	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	199	17	remaining	remain	VERB
fis-5437	199	18	within	within	ADP
fis-5437	199	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	199	20	elastic	elastic	ADJ
fis-5437	199	21	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	199	22	until	until	ADP
fis-5437	199	23	reaching	reach	VERB
fis-5437	199	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	199	25	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	199	26	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	199	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	200	1	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	200	2	displacement	displacement	ADJ
fis-5437	200	3	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	200	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	200	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	200	6	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	200	7	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	200	8	gradually	gradually	ADV
fis-5437	200	9	declines	decline	VERB
fis-5437	200	10	post	post	ADJ
fis-5437	200	11	-	-	ADJ
fis-5437	200	12	peak	peak	ADJ
fis-5437	200	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	200	14	forming	form	VERB
fis-5437	200	15	a	a	DET
fis-5437	200	16	plateau	plateau	NOUN
fis-5437	200	17	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	200	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	201	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	201	2	behavior	behavior	NOUN
fis-5437	201	3	occurs	occur	VERB
fis-5437	201	4	due	due	ADJ
fis-5437	201	5	to	to	PART
fis-5437	201	6	collapse	collapse	NOUN
fis-5437	201	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	201	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	201	9	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	201	10	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	201	11	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	201	12	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	201	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	201	14	surrounding	surround	VERB
fis-5437	201	15	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	201	16	cracking	cracking	NOUN
fis-5437	201	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	201	18	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	201	19	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	201	20	resistance	resistance	NOUN
fis-5437	201	21	loss	loss	NOUN
fis-5437	201	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	201	23	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	201	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	201	25	penetrating	penetrate	VERB
fis-5437	201	26	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	201	27	bars	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	201	28	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	201	29	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	201	30	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	201	31	continue	continue	VERB
fis-5437	201	32	to	to	PART
fis-5437	201	33	resist	resist	VERB
fis-5437	201	34	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	201	35	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	201	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	202	1	after	after	ADP
fis-5437	202	2	reaching	reach	VERB
fis-5437	202	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	202	4	peak	peak	NOUN
fis-5437	202	5	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	202	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	202	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	202	8	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	202	9	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	202	10	does	do	AUX
fis-5437	202	11	not	not	PART
fis-5437	202	12	sharply	sharply	ADV
fis-5437	202	13	decline	decline	VERB
fis-5437	202	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	202	15	but	but	CCONJ
fis-5437	202	16	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	202	17	accelerates	accelerate	VERB
fis-5437	202	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	202	19	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	202	20	good	good	ADJ
fis-5437	202	21	ductility	ductility	NOUN
fis-5437	202	22	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
fis-5437	202	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	203	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	203	2	main	main	ADJ
fis-5437	203	3	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	203	4	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	203	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	203	6	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	203	7	cracks	crack	NOUN
fis-5437	203	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	203	9	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	203	10	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	203	11	deflection	deflection	NOUN
fis-5437	203	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	203	13	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	203	14	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	203	15	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	203	16	progressively	progressively	ADV
fis-5437	203	17	increase	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	203	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
fis-5437	204	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	204	4	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	204	5	loses	lose	VERB
fis-5437	204	6	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	204	7	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	204	8	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	9	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	204	10	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	204	11	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	204	12	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	204	13	:	:	SYM
fis-5437	204	14	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	204	15	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	16	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	204	17	crushing	crush	VERB
fis-5437	204	18	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	204	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	204	20	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	204	21	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	204	22	base	base	NOUN
fis-5437	204	23	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	204	24	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	25	2	2	X
fis-5437	204	26	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	27	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	204	28	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	204	29	cracking	cracking	NOUN
fis-5437	204	30	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	31	3	3	X
fis-5437	204	32	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	204	33	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	204	34	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	204	35	buckling	buckling	NOUN
fis-5437	204	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	205	1	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	205	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	205	3	transferring	transfer	VERB
fis-5437	205	4	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
fis-5437	205	5	s	s	AUX
fis-5437	205	6	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	205	7	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	205	8	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	205	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	206	1	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	206	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	206	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	206	4	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	206	5	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	206	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	206	7	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	206	8	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	206	9	within	within	ADP
fis-5437	206	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	206	11	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	206	12	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	206	13	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	206	14	minimal	minimal	ADJ
fis-5437	206	15	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	206	16	does	do	AUX
fis-5437	206	17	not	not	PART
fis-5437	206	18	reach	reach	VERB
fis-5437	206	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	206	20	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	206	21	state	state	NOUN
fis-5437	206	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	207	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	207	2	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	207	3	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	207	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	207	5	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	207	6	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	207	7	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	207	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	207	9	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	207	10	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	207	11	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	207	12	generally	generally	ADV
fis-5437	207	13	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	207	14	than	than	ADP
fis-5437	207	15	that	that	PRON
fis-5437	207	16	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	207	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	207	18	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	207	19	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	207	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	208	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	208	2	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	208	3	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	208	4	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	208	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	208	6	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	208	7	do	do	AUX
fis-5437	208	8	not	not	PART
fis-5437	208	9	directly	directly	ADV
fis-5437	208	10	contribute	contribute	VERB
fis-5437	208	11	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	208	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	208	13	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	208	14	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	208	15	but	but	CCONJ
fis-5437	208	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	208	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	208	18	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
fis-5437	208	19	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	208	20	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	208	21	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	208	22	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	208	23	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	208	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	208	25	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	208	26	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	208	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	208	28	the	the	DET
fis-5437	208	29	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	208	30	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	209	1	however	however	ADV
fis-5437	209	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	209	3	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	209	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	209	5	spacing	spacing	NOUN
fis-5437	209	6	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	209	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	209	8	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	209	9	decreases	decrease	VERB
fis-5437	209	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	209	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	209	12	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	209	13	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	209	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	209	15	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	209	16	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	209	17	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	209	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	209	19	although	although	SCONJ
fis-5437	209	20	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	209	21	remains	remain	VERB
fis-5437	209	22	significantly	significantly	ADV
fis-5437	209	23	smaller	small	ADJ
fis-5437	209	24	than	than	ADP
fis-5437	209	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	209	26	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	209	27	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	209	28	the	the	DET
fis-5437	209	29	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	209	30	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	209	31	web	web	PROPN
fis-5437	209	32	.	.	PROPN
fis-5437	209	33	fig	fig	PROPN
fis-5437	209	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	210	1	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	210	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	210	3	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	210	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	211	1	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	211	2	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	211	3	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	211	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	211	5	top	top	ADJ
fis-5437	211	6	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	211	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	211	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	211	9	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	211	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	211	11	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	211	12	damaged	damage	VERB
fis-5437	211	13	due	due	ADP
fis-5437	211	14	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	211	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	211	16	action	action	NOUN
fis-5437	211	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	211	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	211	19	negative	negative	ADJ
fis-5437	211	20	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	211	21	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	211	22	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	211	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	211	24	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	211	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	211	26	where	where	SCONJ
fis-5437	211	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	211	28	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	211	29	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	211	30	acts	act	VERB
fis-5437	211	31	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	211	32	a	a	DET
fis-5437	211	33	lever	lever	NOUN
fis-5437	211	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	212	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	212	2	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	212	3	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	212	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	212	5	damaged	damage	VERB
fis-5437	212	6	area	area	NOUN
fis-5437	212	7	experiences	experience	VERB
fis-5437	212	8	a	a	DET
fis-5437	212	9	combination	combination	NOUN
fis-5437	212	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	212	11	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	212	12	yield	yield	NOUN
fis-5437	212	13	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	212	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	212	15	upper	upper	ADJ
fis-5437	212	16	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	212	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	212	18	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	212	19	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	212	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	212	21	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	212	22	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	212	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	213	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	2	external	external	ADJ
fis-5437	213	3	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	213	4	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	213	5	primarily	primarily	ADV
fis-5437	213	6	resisted	resist	VERB
fis-5437	213	7	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	213	8	three	three	NUM
fis-5437	213	9	components	component	NOUN
fis-5437	213	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	213	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	12	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	213	13	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	213	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	15	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	213	16	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	213	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	18	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	213	19	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	213	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	213	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	22	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	213	23	bars	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	213	24	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	213	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	26	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	213	27	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	213	28	slab	slab	NOUN
fis-5437	213	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	213	30	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	213	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	32	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	213	33	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	213	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	35	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	213	36	surface	surface	NOUN
fis-5437	213	37	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	213	38	the	the	DET
fis-5437	213	39	main	main	ADJ
fis-5437	213	40	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	213	41	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	214	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	214	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	214	3	elastic	elastic	ADJ
fis-5437	214	4	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	214	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	214	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	214	7	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	214	8	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	214	9	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	214	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	214	11	external	external	ADJ
fis-5437	214	12	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	214	13	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	214	14	primarily	primarily	ADV
fis-5437	214	15	borne	bear	VERB
fis-5437	214	16	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	214	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	214	18	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	214	19	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	214	20	's	's	PART
fis-5437	214	21	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	214	22	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	214	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	215	1	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	215	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	3	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	215	4	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	215	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	215	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	215	8	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	215	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	215	10	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	215	11	enter	enter	VERB
fis-5437	215	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	13	elastoplastic	elastoplastic	ADJ
fis-5437	215	14	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	215	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	215	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	17	relative	relative	ADJ
fis-5437	215	18	angle	angle	NOUN
fis-5437	215	19	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	215	20	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
fis-5437	215	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	215	22	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	215	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	24	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	215	25	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	215	26	gradually	gradually	ADV
fis-5437	215	27	transferred	transfer	VERB
fis-5437	215	28	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	215	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	30	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	215	31	bars	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	215	32	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	215	33	the	the	DET
fis-5437	215	34	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	215	35	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	216	1	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	216	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	216	3	plastic	plastic	ADJ
fis-5437	216	4	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	216	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	216	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	216	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	216	8	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	216	9	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	216	10	reaches	reach	VERB
fis-5437	216	11	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	216	12	maximum	maximum	NOUN
fis-5437	216	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	216	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	216	15	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	216	16	enters	enter	VERB
fis-5437	216	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	216	18	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	216	19	stage	stage	NOUN
fis-5437	216	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	217	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	217	2	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	217	3	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	217	4	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	217	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	217	6	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	217	7	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	217	8	bottom	bottom	NOUN
fis-5437	217	9	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	217	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	217	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	217	12	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	217	13	decreases	decrease	VERB
fis-5437	217	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	217	15	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	217	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	217	17	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	217	18	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	217	19	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
fis-5437	217	20	borne	bear	VERB
fis-5437	217	21	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	217	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	217	23	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	217	24	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	217	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	217	26	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	217	27	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	217	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	218	1	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	218	2	further	further	ADJ
fis-5437	218	3	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	218	4	increase	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	218	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	218	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	218	7	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	218	8	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	218	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	218	10	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	218	11	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	218	12	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	218	13	crushed	crush	VERB
fis-5437	218	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	218	15	leading	lead	VERB
fis-5437	218	16	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	218	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	218	18	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	218	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	218	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	218	21	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	218	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	219	2	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	219	3	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	219	4	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	219	5	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	219	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	7	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	219	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	219	9	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	219	10	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	219	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	12	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	219	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	14	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	219	15	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	16	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	219	17	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	219	18	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	219	19	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	20	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	219	21	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	22	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	219	23	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	219	24	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	219	25	-	-	ADJ
fis-5437	219	26	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	219	27	278	278	NUM
fis-5437	219	28	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	219	29	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	219	30	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	31	local	local	ADJ
fis-5437	219	32	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	219	33	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	219	34	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	219	35	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	219	36	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	219	37	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	219	38	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	219	39	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	219	40	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	41	local	local	ADJ
fis-5437	219	42	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	219	43	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	219	44	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	219	45	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	219	46	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	219	47	le	le	X
fis-5437	219	48	x	x	SYM
fis-5437	219	49	y	y	PROPN
fis-5437	219	50	f1	f1	PROPN
fis-5437	219	51	c1	c1	PROPN
fis-5437	219	52	f2	f2	PROPN
fis-5437	219	53	c2	c2	PROPN
fis-5437	219	54	v	v	PROPN
fis-5437	219	55	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	219	56	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	219	57	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	219	58	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	219	59	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	219	60	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	219	61	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	219	62	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	219	63	rebars	rebar	NOUN
fis-5437	219	64	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	219	65	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	219	66	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	219	67	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	220	1	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	220	2	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	220	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	220	4	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	220	5	transmission	transmission	NOUN
fis-5437	220	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	220	7	nodes	node	NOUN
fis-5437	220	8	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	220	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	221	1	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	221	2	shows	show	VERB
fis-5437	221	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	221	4	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	221	5	principal	principal	ADJ
fis-5437	221	6	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	221	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	221	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	221	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	221	10	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	221	11	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	221	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	221	13	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	221	14	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	221	15	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	221	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	221	17	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	221	18	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	221	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	222	1	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	222	2	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	222	3	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	222	4	observed	observe	VERB
fis-5437	222	5	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	222	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	222	7	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	222	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	222	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	222	10	hole	hole	NOUN
fis-5437	222	11	experiences	experience	VERB
fis-5437	222	12	hydro	hydro	NOUN
fis-5437	222	13	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	222	14	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	222	15	due	due	ADJ
fis-5437	222	16	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	222	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	222	18	constraints	constraint	NOUN
fis-5437	222	19	imposed	impose	VERB
fis-5437	222	20	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	222	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	222	22	surrounding	surround	VERB
fis-5437	222	23	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	222	24	blocks	block	NOUN
fis-5437	222	25	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	222	26	the	the	DET
fis-5437	222	27	presence	presence	NOUN
fis-5437	222	28	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	222	29	penetrating	penetrate	VERB
fis-5437	222	30	rebars	rebar	NOUN
fis-5437	222	31	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	223	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
fis-5437	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	223	3	during	during	ADP
fis-5437	223	4	operation	operation	NOUN
fis-5437	223	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	223	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	223	7	rebars	rebar	NOUN
fis-5437	223	8	within	within	ADP
fis-5437	223	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	223	10	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	223	11	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	223	12	primarily	primarily	ADV
fis-5437	223	13	experience	experience	NOUN
fis-5437	223	14	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	223	15	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	223	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	223	17	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	223	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	223	19	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	223	20	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	223	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	223	22	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	223	23	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	223	24	subject	subject	ADJ
fis-5437	223	25	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	223	26	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	223	27	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	223	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	224	1	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	224	2	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	224	3	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	224	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	225	1	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	225	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	225	3	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	225	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	226	1	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	226	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	226	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	226	4	primary	primary	ADJ
fis-5437	226	5	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	226	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
fis-5437	226	7	occurs	occur	VERB
fis-5437	226	8	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	226	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	226	10	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	226	11	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	226	12	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	226	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	226	14	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	226	15	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	226	16	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	226	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	226	18	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	226	19	beneath	beneath	ADP
fis-5437	226	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	226	21	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	226	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	227	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	227	2	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	227	3	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	227	4	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	227	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	227	6	front	front	ADJ
fis-5437	227	7	surface	surface	NOUN
fis-5437	227	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	227	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	227	10	platform	platform	NOUN
fis-5437	227	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	227	12	denoted	denote	VERB
fis-5437	227	13	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	227	14	v	v	NOUN
fis-5437	227	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	227	16	represents	represent	VERB
fis-5437	227	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	227	18	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	227	19	’s	’s	NOUN
fis-5437	227	20	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	227	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	227	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	228	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	2	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	228	3	f1	f1	NOUN
fis-5437	228	4	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	228	5	f2	f2	PROPN
fis-5437	228	6	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	228	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	8	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
fis-5437	228	9	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
fis-5437	228	10	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	228	11	acting	act	VERB
fis-5437	228	12	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	228	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	14	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	228	15	area	area	NOUN
fis-5437	228	16	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	228	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	18	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	228	19	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	228	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	228	21	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	228	22	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	228	23	denotes	denote	VERB
fis-5437	228	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	25	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	228	26	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	228	27	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	228	28	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	29	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	228	30	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	228	31	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	228	32	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	33	front	front	ADJ
fis-5437	228	34	surface	surface	NOUN
fis-5437	228	35	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	228	36	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	37	platform	platform	NOUN
fis-5437	228	38	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	228	39	indicating	indicate	VERB
fis-5437	228	40	the	the	DET
fis-5437	228	41	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	228	42	's	's	PART
fis-5437	228	43	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	228	44	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	228	45	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	229	1	c1	c1	PROPN
fis-5437	229	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	229	3	c2	c2	PROPN
fis-5437	229	4	represent	represent	VERB
fis-5437	229	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	229	6	positions	position	NOUN
fis-5437	229	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	229	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	229	9	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
fis-5437	229	10	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
fis-5437	229	11	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	229	12	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	229	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	229	14	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	229	15	area	area	NOUN
fis-5437	229	16	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	229	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	229	18	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	229	19	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	229	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	1	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
fis-5437	230	2	analyses	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	230	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	5	flexural	flexural	ADJ
fis-5437	230	6	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	230	7	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	230	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	9	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	230	10	–	–	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	11	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
fis-5437	230	12	ased	ase	VERB
fis-5437	230	13	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	230	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	15	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
fis-5437	230	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	230	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	19	flexural	flexural	ADJ
fis-5437	230	20	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	230	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	230	22	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	24	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	230	25	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	26	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	230	27	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	230	28	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	230	29	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	230	30	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	230	31	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	32	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	33	following	follow	VERB
fis-5437	230	34	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
fis-5437	230	35	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	230	36	adopted	adopt	VERB
fis-5437	230	37	herein	herein	NOUN
fis-5437	230	38	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	39	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	230	40	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	41	regardless	regardless	ADV
fis-5437	230	42	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	43	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	44	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN
fis-5437	230	45	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	230	46	friction	friction	NOUN
fis-5437	230	47	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	230	48	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	49	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	230	50	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	230	51	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	230	52	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	53	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	230	54	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	230	55	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	56	2	2	X
fis-5437	230	57	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	230	58	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	59	assumption	assumption	NOUN
fis-5437	230	60	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	230	61	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	62	buried	bury	VERB
fis-5437	230	63	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	230	64	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	230	65	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	230	66	regarded	regard	VERB
fis-5437	230	67	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	230	68	a	a	DET
fis-5437	230	69	rigid	rigid	ADJ
fis-5437	230	70	body	body	NOUN
fis-5437	230	71	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	230	72	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	230	73	often	often	ADV
fis-5437	230	74	used	use	VERB
fis-5437	230	75	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	230	76	the	the	DET
fis-5437	230	77	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	230	78	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	230	79	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	230	80	without	without	ADP
fis-5437	230	81	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	230	82	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	231	1	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	231	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	231	3	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	231	4	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	231	5	set	set	VERB
fis-5437	231	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	231	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	231	8	assumption	assumption	NOUN
fis-5437	231	9	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	231	10	more	more	ADV
fis-5437	231	11	realistic	realistic	ADJ
fis-5437	231	12	because	because	SCONJ
fis-5437	231	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	231	14	buried	bury	VERB
fis-5437	231	15	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	231	16	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	231	17	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	231	18	shorter	short	ADJ
fis-5437	231	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	231	20	has	have	VERB
fis-5437	231	21	higher	high	ADJ
fis-5437	231	22	stiffness	stiffness	NOUN
fis-5437	231	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	232	1	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	232	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	232	3	above	above	ADJ
fis-5437	232	4	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
fis-5437	232	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	232	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	232	7	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	232	8	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	232	9	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	232	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	232	11	top	top	NOUN
fis-5437	232	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	232	13	bottom	bottom	NOUN
fis-5437	232	14	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	232	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	232	16	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	232	17	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	232	18	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	232	19	linearly	linearly	ADV
fis-5437	232	20	distributed	distribute	VERB
fis-5437	232	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	232	22	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	232	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	232	24	peak	peak	NOUN
fis-5437	232	25	strain	strain	VERB
fis-5437	232	26	ɛcl	ɛcl	ADJ
fis-5437	232	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	232	28	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	232	29	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	232	30	ɛcu	ɛcu	NOUN
fis-5437	232	31	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	232	32	0.002	0.002	NUM
fis-5437	232	33	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	232	34	0.003	0.003	NUM
fis-5437	232	35	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	232	36	respectively	respectively	ADV
fis-5437	232	37	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	1	εb=0.03(le	εb=0.03(le	NOUN
fis-5437	233	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	3	c)/c	c)/c	NOUN
fis-5437	233	4	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	5	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	233	6	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	7	b	b	NOUN
fis-5437	233	8	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	233	9	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	233	10	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	233	11	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	233	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	13	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	233	14	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	233	15	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	233	16	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	233	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	18	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	233	19	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	20	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	233	21	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	22	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	233	23	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	233	24	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	233	25	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	26	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	233	27	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	233	28	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	233	29	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	233	30	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	233	31	-	-	ADJ
fis-5437	233	32	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	233	33	279	279	NUM
fis-5437	233	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	233	35	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	233	36	diagram	diagram	NOUN
fis-5437	233	37	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	233	38	the	the	DET
fis-5437	233	39	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	233	40	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	233	41	the	the	DET
fis-5437	233	42	limit	limit	NOUN
fis-5437	233	43	state	state	NOUN
fis-5437	233	44	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	233	45	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
fis-5437	233	46	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	233	47	fig.24	fig.24	NOUN
fis-5437	233	48	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	234	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	234	2	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	234	3	mode	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	234	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	234	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	234	6	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	234	7	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	234	8	assumed	assume	VERB
fis-5437	234	9	to	to	PART
fis-5437	234	10	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	234	11	crushed	crush	VERB
fis-5437	234	12	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	234	13	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	234	14	the	the	DET
fis-5437	234	15	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	234	16	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	234	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	234	18	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	234	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	234	20	other	other	ADJ
fis-5437	234	21	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	234	22	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	234	23	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	234	24	not	not	PART
fis-5437	234	25	discussed	discuss	VERB
fis-5437	234	26	this	this	DET
fis-5437	234	27	time	time	NOUN
fis-5437	234	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	235	1	this	this	PRON
fis-5437	235	2	requires	require	VERB
fis-5437	235	3	εb	εb	ADP
fis-5437	235	4	<	<	X
fis-5437	235	5	0.003	0.003	NUM
fis-5437	235	6	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	235	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	235	8	limiting	limit	VERB
fis-5437	235	9	state	state	NOUN
fis-5437	235	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	236	1	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	236	2	this	this	DET
fis-5437	236	3	condition	condition	NOUN
fis-5437	236	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	236	5	εb	εb	ADP
fis-5437	236	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	236	7	alternative	alternative	NOUN
fis-5437	236	8	eq	eq	ADP
fis-5437	236	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	237	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	237	2	4	4	X
fis-5437	237	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	237	4	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	237	5	obtain	obtain	VERB
fis-5437	237	6	c	c	NOUN
fis-5437	237	7	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	237	8	le	le	X
fis-5437	237	9	＞	＞	NUM
fis-5437	237	10	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	237	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	238	1	figure	figure	NOUN
fis-5437	238	2	24	24	NUM
fis-5437	238	3	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	238	4	force	force	NOUN
fis-5437	238	5	transferring	transfer	VERB
fis-5437	238	6	diagram	diagram	NOUN
fis-5437	238	7	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	238	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	238	9	limit	limit	NOUN
fis-5437	238	10	state	state	NOUN
fis-5437	238	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	2	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	239	3	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	4	strain	strain	NOUN
fis-5437	239	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
fis-5437	239	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	239	7	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	239	8	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	239	9	assumed	assume	VERB
fis-5437	239	10	to	to	PART
fis-5437	239	11	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	239	12	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	13	s	s	X
fis-5437	239	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	15	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	239	16	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	18	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	239	19	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	239	20	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	239	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	22	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	239	23	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	239	24	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	25	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	239	26	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	239	27	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	239	28	assumed	assume	VERB
fis-5437	239	29	to	to	PART
fis-5437	239	30	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	239	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	32	sum	sum	NOUN
fis-5437	239	33	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	239	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	35	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	239	36	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	239	37	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	239	38	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	239	39	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	40	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	239	41	action	action	NOUN
fis-5437	239	42	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	239	43	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	44	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	239	45	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	239	46	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	239	47	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	239	48	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	49	connector	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	239	50	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	51	namely	namely	ADV
fis-5437	239	52	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	53	mu	mu	PROPN
fis-5437	239	54	=	=	NOUN
fis-5437	239	55	pu(a+c)=mc+ms	pu(a+c)=mc+ms	NOUN
fis-5437	239	56	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	57	6	6	NUM
fis-5437	239	58	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	239	59	determination	determination	NOUN
fis-5437	239	60	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	239	61	the	the	DET
fis-5437	239	62	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	239	63	center	center	NOUN
fis-5437	239	64	s	s	VERB
fis-5437	239	65	shown	show	VERB
fis-5437	239	66	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	239	67	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	239	68	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	240	1	24	24	NUM
fis-5437	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	240	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	240	4	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	240	5	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	240	6	vertical	vertical	ADJ
fis-5437	240	7	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	240	8	lines	line	NOUN
fis-5437	240	9	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	240	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	240	11	parts	part	NOUN
fis-5437	240	12	where	where	SCONJ
fis-5437	240	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	240	14	vertical	vertical	ADJ
fis-5437	240	15	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	240	16	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	240	17	relative	relative	ADJ
fis-5437	240	18	displacements	displacement	NOUN
fis-5437	240	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	240	20	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	240	21	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	240	22	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	240	23	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	240	24	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	240	25	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	240	26	zero	zero	NUM
fis-5437	240	27	respectively	respectively	ADV
fis-5437	240	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	240	29	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	240	30	the	the	DET
fis-5437	240	31	center	center	NOUN
fis-5437	240	32	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	240	33	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	240	34	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	240	35	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	240	36	o	o	NOUN
fis-5437	240	37	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	240	38	defined	define	VERB
fis-5437	240	39	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	240	40	the	the	DET
fis-5437	240	41	intersection	intersection	NOUN
fis-5437	240	42	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	240	43	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	240	44	these	these	DET
fis-5437	240	45	two	two	NUM
fis-5437	240	46	lines	line	NOUN
fis-5437	240	47	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	241	2	balance	balance	NOUN
fis-5437	241	3	equation	equation	NOUN
fis-5437	241	4	combining	combine	VERB
fis-5437	241	5	vertical	vertical	ADJ
fis-5437	241	6	direction	direction	NOUN
fis-5437	241	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	241	8	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
fis-5437	241	9	direction	direction	NOUN
fis-5437	241	10	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	241	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	241	12	ministry	ministry	NOUN
fis-5437	241	13	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	241	14	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	241	15	follows	follow	VERB
fis-5437	241	16	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	17	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	18	7	7	X
fis-5437	241	19	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	20	make	make	VERB
fis-5437	241	21	λ	λ	NOUN
fis-5437	241	22	=	=	ADJ
fis-5437	241	23	c	c	NOUN
fis-5437	241	24	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	241	25	le	le	PROPN
fis-5437	241	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	27	μ	μ	X
fis-5437	241	28	=	=	PROPN
fis-5437	241	29	a	a	PRON
fis-5437	241	30	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	241	31	le	le	X
fis-5437	241	32	previous	previous	ADJ
fis-5437	241	33	studies	study	NOUN
fis-5437	241	34	have	have	AUX
fis-5437	241	35	concluded	conclude	VERB
fis-5437	241	36	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	241	37	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	38	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	39	8)	8)	NUM
fis-5437	241	40	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	241	41	λ≥0.6	λ≥0.6	NOUN
fis-5437	241	42	，	，	ADJ
fis-5437	241	43	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	44	9	9	X
fis-5437	241	45	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	46	a	a	DET
fis-5437	241	47	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	241	48	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	241	49	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	241	50	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	241	51	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	52	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	241	53	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	241	54	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	241	55	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	241	56	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	57	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	241	58	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	59	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	241	60	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	61	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	241	62	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	241	63	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	241	64	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	65	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	241	66	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	67	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	241	68	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	241	69	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	241	70	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	71	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	241	72	280	280	NUM
fis-5437	241	73	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	74	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	241	75	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	76	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	77	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	241	78	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	79	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	241	80	0.5＜λ≤0.6	0.5＜λ≤0.6	ADP
fis-5437	241	81	，	，	PROPN
fis-5437	241	82	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	83	12	12	NUM
fis-5437	241	84	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	85	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	86	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	241	87	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	88	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	89	14	14	NUM
fis-5437	241	90	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	91	subdivision	subdivision	NOUN
fis-5437	241	92	point	point	NOUN
fis-5437	241	93	λ=0.6	λ=0.6	ADV
fis-5437	241	94	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	241	95	corresponding	correspond	VERB
fis-5437	241	96	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	241	97	eq	eq	PROPN
fis-5437	241	98	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	242	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	242	2	3	3	X
fis-5437	242	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	242	4	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	242	5	ɛ	ɛ	PROPN
fis-5437	242	6	=	=	NOUN
fis-5437	242	7	ɛul	ɛul	PROPN
fis-5437	242	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	243	1	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	243	2	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	243	3	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	243	4	seen	see	VERB
fis-5437	243	5	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	243	6	λ	λ	NOUN
fis-5437	243	7	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	243	8	related	relate	VERB
fis-5437	243	9	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	243	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	243	11	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	243	12	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	243	13	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	243	14	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	243	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	243	16	cl	cl	NOUN
fis-5437	243	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	243	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	243	19	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN
fis-5437	243	20	form	form	NOUN
fis-5437	243	21	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	243	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	243	23	cl	cl	NOUN
fis-5437	243	24	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	2	solution	solution	NOUN
fis-5437	244	3	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	244	4	λ	λ	PROPN
fis-5437	244	5	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	244	6	very	very	ADV
fis-5437	244	7	complex	complex	ADJ
fis-5437	244	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	9	but	but	CCONJ
fis-5437	244	10	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	244	11	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	244	12	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	244	13	inferred	infer	VERB
fis-5437	244	14	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	244	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	16	relative	relative	ADJ
fis-5437	244	17	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	244	18	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	244	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	20	center	center	NOUN
fis-5437	244	21	position	position	NOUN
fis-5437	244	22	o	o	NOUN
fis-5437	244	23	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	244	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	25	centroid	centroid	NOUN
fis-5437	244	26	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	244	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	28	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	244	29	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	244	30	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	244	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	32	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	244	33	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	244	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	35	bending	bend	VERB
fis-5437	244	36	moment	moment	NOUN
fis-5437	244	37	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	244	38	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	39	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	244	40	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	244	41	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	244	42	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	244	43	ignored	ignore	VERB
fis-5437	244	44	without	without	ADP
fis-5437	244	45	timing	timing	NOUN
fis-5437	244	46	being	be	AUX
fis-5437	244	47	obtained	obtain	VERB
fis-5437	244	48	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	49	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	244	50	λ≥0.6	λ≥0.6	NOUN
fis-5437	244	51	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	52	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	53	15	15	NUM
fis-5437	244	54	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	55	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	244	56	0.5＜λ≤0.6	0.5＜λ≤0.6	ADP
fis-5437	244	57	，	，	PROPN
fis-5437	244	58	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	59	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	244	60	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	61	mattock	mattock	NOUN
fis-5437	244	62	[	[	X
fis-5437	244	63	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	244	64	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	65	assumed	assume	VERB
fis-5437	244	66	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	244	67	μ	μ	PROPN
fis-5437	244	68	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	244	69	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	244	70	0.1	0.1	NUM
fis-5437	244	71	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	244	72	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	244	73	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	244	74	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	244	75	calculated	calculate	VERB
fis-5437	244	76	the	the	DET
fis-5437	244	77	relationship	relationship	NOUN
fis-5437	244	78	through	through	ADP
fis-5437	244	79	eq	eq	PROPN
fis-5437	244	80	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	245	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	245	2	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	245	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	245	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	246	1	λ	λ	NOUN
fis-5437	246	2	deviated	deviate	VERB
fis-5437	246	3	little	little	ADJ
fis-5437	246	4	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	246	5	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	246	6	mean	mean	ADJ
fis-5437	246	7	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	246	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	246	9	0.66	0.66	NUM
fis-5437	246	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	246	11	so	so	ADV
fis-5437	246	12	λ	λ	NOUN
fis-5437	246	13	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	246	14	taken	take	VERB
fis-5437	246	15	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	246	16	0.66	0.66	NUM
fis-5437	246	17	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	246	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	246	19	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	246	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	247	1	liang	liang	PROPN
fis-5437	247	2	found	find	VERB
fis-5437	247	3	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	247	4	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	247	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	247	6	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	247	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	247	8	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	247	9	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	247	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	247	11	however	however	ADV
fis-5437	247	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	247	13	μ	μ	NOUN
fis-5437	247	14	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	247	15	0.1	0.1	NUM
fis-5437	247	16	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	247	17	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	247	18	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	247	19	lower	low	ADJ
fis-5437	247	20	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	247	21	should	should	AUX
fis-5437	247	22	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	247	23	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	247	24	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	247	25	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	247	26	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	247	27	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	247	28	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	247	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	247	30	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	247	31	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	247	32	β	β	PROPN
fis-5437	247	33	ranges	range	VERB
fis-5437	247	34	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	247	35	0.65	0.65	NUM
fis-5437	247	36	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	247	37	085	085	NUM
fis-5437	247	38	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	248	1	corresponding	correspond	VERB
fis-5437	248	2	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	248	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	248	4	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	248	5	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	248	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	248	7	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	248	8	axis	axis	NOUN
fis-5437	248	9	28	28	NUM
fis-5437	248	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	248	11	56mpa	56mpa	NOUN
fis-5437	248	12	[	[	X
fis-5437	248	13	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	248	14	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	248	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	249	2	mean	mean	NOUN
fis-5437	249	3	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	249	4	0.56	0.56	NUM
fis-5437	249	5	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	249	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	249	7	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	249	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	249	9	λ	λ	NOUN
fis-5437	249	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	249	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	249	13	standard	standard	ADJ
fis-5437	249	14	deviation	deviation	NOUN
fis-5437	249	15	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	249	16	4.4	4.4	NUM
fis-5437	249	17	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	249	18	therefore	therefore	ADV
fis-5437	249	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	249	21	coordinates	coordinate	NOUN
fis-5437	249	22	relative	relative	ADJ
fis-5437	249	23	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	249	24	the	the	DET
fis-5437	249	25	center	center	NOUN
fis-5437	249	26	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	249	27	rotation	rotation	NOUN
fis-5437	249	28	o	o	PROPN
fis-5437	249	29	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	249	30	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	31	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	32	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	249	33	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	34	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	35	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	249	36	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	37	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	249	38	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	249	39	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	249	40	ince	ince	NOUN
fis-5437	249	41	λ=0.56	λ=0.56	NOUN
fis-5437	249	42	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	249	43	0.5＜λ≤0.6	0.5＜λ≤0.6	NOUN
fis-5437	249	44	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	45	cb	cb	PROPN
fis-5437	249	46	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	47	cf	cf	NOUN
fis-5437	249	48	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	249	49	k	k	PROPN
fis-5437	249	50	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	249	51	eq.(6	eq.(6	NOUN
fis-5437	249	52	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	249	53	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	249	54	replaced	replace	VERB
fis-5437	249	55	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	249	56	eqn	eqn	PROPN
fis-5437	249	57	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	2	10)-(12	10)-(12	NUM
fis-5437	250	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	4	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	5	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	250	6	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	7	s	s	PART
fis-5437	250	8	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	250	9	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	250	10	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	250	11	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	250	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	13	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	250	14	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	250	15	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	250	16	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	250	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	18	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	250	19	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	250	20	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	250	21	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	1	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	251	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	251	3	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	251	4	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	5	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	251	6	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	7	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	251	8	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	251	9	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	251	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	11	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	251	12	281	281	NUM
fis-5437	251	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	14	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	251	15	local	local	ADJ
fis-5437	251	16	stress	stress	NOUN
fis-5437	251	17	fb	fb	NOUN
fis-5437	251	18	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	251	19	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	251	20	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	251	21	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	22	limit	limit	NOUN
fis-5437	251	23	state	state	NOUN
fis-5437	251	24	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	251	25	assumed	assume	VERB
fis-5437	251	26	to	to	PART
fis-5437	251	27	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	251	28	0.85	0.85	NUM
fis-5437	251	29	fc	fc	NOUN
fis-5437	251	30	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	251	31	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	32	above	above	ADJ
fis-5437	251	33	calculation	calculation	NOUN
fis-5437	251	34	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	35	but	but	CCONJ
fis-5437	251	36	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	37	actual	actual	ADJ
fis-5437	251	38	fb	fb	NOUN
fis-5437	251	39	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	251	40	related	relate	VERB
fis-5437	251	41	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	251	42	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	43	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	251	44	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	251	45	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	46	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	251	47	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	251	48	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	49	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	251	50	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	251	51	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	251	52	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	53	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	251	54	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	251	55	the	the	DET
fis-5437	251	56	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	251	57	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	251	58	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	59	w	w	PROPN
fis-5437	251	60	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	251	61	b	b	NOUN
fis-5437	251	62	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	251	63	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	252	1	fb	fb	INTJ
fis-5437	252	2	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	252	3	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	252	4	expressed	express	VERB
fis-5437	252	5	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	252	6	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	252	7	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	252	8	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	252	9	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	252	10	mattock[23	mattock[23	NOUN
fis-5437	252	11	]	]	X
fis-5437	252	12	tschemmernegg[24	tschemmernegg[24	X
fis-5437	252	13	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	252	14	eurocode	eurocode	VERB
fis-5437	252	15	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	252	16	:	:	SYM
fis-5437	252	17	-part	-part	PROPN
fis-5437	252	18	1–1	1–1	NUM
fis-5437	252	19	hawkins[25	hawkins[25	NOUN
fis-5437	252	20	]	]	X
fis-5437	252	21	k	k	PROPN
fis-5437	253	1	4.5	4.5	NUM
fis-5437	253	2	4.5	4.5	NUM
fis-5437	253	3	＜1.0	＜1.0	ADP
fis-5437	253	4	4.5	4.5	NUM
fis-5437	253	5	a	a	DET
fis-5437	253	6	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	253	7	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	253	8	1.0	1.0	NUM
fis-5437	253	9	0.5	0.5	NUM
fis-5437	253	10	c	c	NOUN
fis-5437	253	11	0.66	0.66	NUM
fis-5437	253	12	0.55/0.60	0.55/0.60	NUM
fis-5437	253	13	0.50	0.50	NUM
fis-5437	253	14	0.33	0.33	NUM
fis-5437	253	15	range	range	NOUN
fis-5437	253	16	w	w	ADP
fis-5437	253	17	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	253	18	b≤12	b≤12	NOUN
fis-5437	253	19	w	w	NOUN
fis-5437	253	20	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	253	21	b≤4.5	b≤4.5	NOUN
fis-5437	253	22	fb≤3.0fc	fb≤3.0fc	ADJ
fis-5437	253	23	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	253	24	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	253	25	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	253	26	summarizes	summarize	VERB
fis-5437	253	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	253	28	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	253	29	values	value	NOUN
fis-5437	253	30	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	253	31	fb	fb	NOUN
fis-5437	253	32	calculated	calculate	VERB
fis-5437	253	33	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	253	34	the	the	DET
fis-5437	253	35	literature	literature	NOUN
fis-5437	253	36	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	253	37	this	this	DET
fis-5437	253	38	paper	paper	NOUN
fis-5437	253	39	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	253	40	w	w	NOUN
fis-5437	253	41	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	253	42	b=4	b=4	PROPN
fis-5437	253	43	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	253	44	selected	select	VERB
fis-5437	253	45	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	253	46	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	253	47	the	the	DET
fis-5437	253	48	biased	biased	ADJ
fis-5437	253	49	safety	safety	NOUN
fis-5437	253	50	angle	angle	NOUN
fis-5437	253	51	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	253	52	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	253	53	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	253	54	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	253	55	replacing	replace	VERB
fis-5437	253	56	0.85	0.85	NUM
fis-5437	253	57	fc	fc	NOUN
fis-5437	253	58	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	253	59	eq	eq	PROPN
fis-5437	253	60	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	254	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	254	2	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	254	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	254	4	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	254	5	eq	eq	NOUN
fis-5437	254	6	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	2	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	255	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	5	when	when	SCONJ
fis-5437	255	6	β1	β1	PROPN
fis-5437	255	7	varies	vary	VERB
fis-5437	255	8	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	255	9	0.65	0.65	NUM
fis-5437	255	10	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	11	0.85,2β1	0.85,2β1	NOUN
fis-5437	255	12	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	13	β12	β12	PROPN
fis-5437	255	14	+	+	NOUN
fis-5437	255	15	0.637is	0.637is	PROPN
fis-5437	255	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	255	17	mean	mean	ADJ
fis-5437	255	18	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	255	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	255	20	1.5645	1.5645	NUM
fis-5437	255	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	255	22	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	255	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	255	24	maximum	maximum	ADJ
fis-5437	255	25	error	error	NOUN
fis-5437	255	26	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	255	27	3.3	3.3	NUM
fis-5437	255	28	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	255	29	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	2	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	256	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	4	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	256	5	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	256	6	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	256	7	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	256	8	he	he	PRON
fis-5437	256	9	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	256	10	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	256	11	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	256	12	a	a	DET
fis-5437	256	13	single	single	ADJ
fis-5437	256	14	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	256	15	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	256	16	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	256	17	determined	determine	VERB
fis-5437	256	18	according	accord	VERB
fis-5437	256	19	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	256	20	[	[	X
fis-5437	256	21	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	256	22	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	24	namely	namely	ADV
fis-5437	256	25	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	26	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	27	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	256	28	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	256	30	symbols	symbol	NOUN
fis-5437	256	31	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	256	32	described	describe	VERB
fis-5437	256	33	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	256	34	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	35	ηs	ηs	ADP
fis-5437	256	36	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	256	37	stirrup	stirrup	NOUN
fis-5437	256	38	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	256	39	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	40	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	256	41	stirrups	stirrup	NOUN
fis-5437	256	42	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	43	ηs=0.9,2	ηs=0.9,2	NOUN
fis-5437	256	44	stirrups	stirrup	NOUN
fis-5437	256	45	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	46	ηs=1	ηs=1	NUM
fis-5437	256	47	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	48	3stirrups	3stirrups	NUM
fis-5437	256	49	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	50	ηs=1.1	ηs=1.1	PROPN
fis-5437	256	51	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	52	k	k	X
fis-5437	256	53	size	size	NOUN
fis-5437	256	54	effect	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	256	55	factor	factor	NOUN
fis-5437	256	56	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	57	k=1+(200/	k=1+(200/	PROPN
fis-5437	256	58	cd	cd	PROPN
fis-5437	256	59	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	60	s)0.5	s)0.5	PROPN
fis-5437	256	61	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	62	fcm	fcm	X
fis-5437	256	63	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	256	64	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	256	65	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	256	66	the	the	DET
fis-5437	256	67	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	256	68	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	69	mpa	mpa	PROPN
fis-5437	256	70	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	71	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	72	cd	cd	PROPN
fis-5437	256	73	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	74	s	s	PART
fis-5437	256	75	compressive	compressive	ADJ
fis-5437	256	76	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	256	77	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	256	78	the	the	DET
fis-5437	256	79	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	256	80	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	81	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	256	82	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	83	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	84	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	256	85	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	256	86	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	256	87	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	88	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	256	89	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	90	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	91	ex	ex	PRON
fis-5437	256	92	center	center	NOUN
fis-5437	256	93	distance	distance	NOUN
fis-5437	256	94	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	256	95	the	the	DET
fis-5437	256	96	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	256	97	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	256	98	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	99	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	256	100	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	101	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	102	hd	hd	PROPN
fis-5437	256	103	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	104	eff	eff	PROPN
fis-5437	256	105	effective	effective	ADJ
fis-5437	256	106	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	256	107	tooth	tooth	NOUN
fis-5437	256	108	height	height	NOUN
fis-5437	256	109	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	110	m	m	NOUN
fis-5437	256	111	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	256	112	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	257	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	257	2	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	257	3	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	257	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	257	5	all	all	DET
fis-5437	257	6	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	257	7	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	257	8	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	257	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	257	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	257	11	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	257	12	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	257	13	assumed	assume	VERB
fis-5437	257	14	to	to	PART
fis-5437	257	15	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	257	16	a	a	DET
fis-5437	257	17	polynomial	polynomial	ADJ
fis-5437	257	18	relationship	relationship	NOUN
fis-5437	257	19	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	257	20	fs	f	NOUN
fis-5437	257	21	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	257	22	fe	fe	NOUN
fis-5437	257	23	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	257	24	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	257	25	24	24	NUM
fis-5437	257	26	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	257	27	contribution	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	257	28	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	257	29	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	257	30	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	257	31	n	n	DET
fis-5437	257	32	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	257	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	258	1	25	25	NUM
fis-5437	258	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	258	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	258	4	red	red	ADJ
fis-5437	258	5	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	258	6	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	258	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	258	8	parameter	parameter	NOUN
fis-5437	258	9	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
fis-5437	258	10	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	258	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	258	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	258	13	the	the	DET
fis-5437	258	14	blue	blue	ADJ
fis-5437	258	15	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	258	16	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	258	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	258	18	insensitive	insensitive	ADJ
fis-5437	258	19	region	region	NOUN
fis-5437	258	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	259	1	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	259	2	mentioned	mention	VERB
fis-5437	259	3	above	above	ADV
fis-5437	259	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	259	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	259	6	abutment	abutment	ADJ
fis-5437	259	7	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	259	8	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	259	9	ρ1	ρ1	NOUN
fis-5437	259	10	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	259	11	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	259	12	0.7	0.7	NUM
fis-5437	259	13	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	259	14	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	259	15	1.3	1.3	NUM
fis-5437	259	16	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	259	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	259	18	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	259	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	259	20	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	259	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	259	22	increases	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	259	23	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	259	24	about	about	ADV
fis-5437	259	25	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	259	26	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	259	27	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	259	28	a	a	DET
fis-5437	259	29	change	change	NOUN
fis-5437	259	30	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	259	31	0.2	0.2	NUM
fis-5437	259	32	percentage	percentage	NOUN
fis-5437	259	33	points	point	NOUN
fis-5437	259	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	260	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	260	2	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	260	3	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	260	4	za	za	PROPN
fis-5437	260	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	260	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	260	7	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	260	8	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	260	9	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	260	10	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	260	11	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	260	12	defined	define	VERB
fis-5437	261	1	t	t	X
fis-5437	261	2	i	i	PRON
fis-5437	261	3	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	261	4	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	261	5	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	261	6	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	261	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	8	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	261	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	261	10	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	261	11	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	261	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	13	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	261	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	15	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	261	16	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	17	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	261	18	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	261	19	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	261	20	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	21	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	261	22	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	23	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	261	24	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	261	25	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	261	26	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	27	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	261	28	282	282	NUM
fis-5437	261	29	as:1	as:1	PROPN
fis-5437	261	30	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	31	1.11(0.7	1.11(0.7	NUM
fis-5437	261	32	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	261	33	to	to	PART
fis-5437	261	34	1.3	1.3	NUM
fis-5437	261	35	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	261	36	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	261	37	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	262	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	262	2	abutment	abutment	ADJ
fis-5437	262	3	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	262	4	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	262	5	ρ2	ρ2	NOUN
fis-5437	262	6	increases	increase	VERB
fis-5437	262	7	linearly	linearly	ADV
fis-5437	262	8	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	262	9	14	14	NUM
fis-5437	262	10	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	262	11	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	262	12	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	262	13	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	262	14	to	to	PART
fis-5437	262	15	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	262	16	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	262	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	262	18	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	262	19	an	an	DET
fis-5437	262	20	impact	impact	NOUN
fis-5437	262	21	factor	factor	NOUN
fis-5437	262	22	zp	zp	PROPN
fis-5437	262	23	1	1	PROPN
fis-5437	262	24	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	262	25	1.13	1.13	NUM
fis-5437	262	26	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	262	27	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	262	28	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	262	29	to	to	PART
fis-5437	262	30	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	262	31	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	262	32	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	262	33	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	262	34	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	262	35	defined	define	VERB
fis-5437	262	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	263	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	263	2	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	263	3	width	width	ADJ
fis-5437	263	4	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	263	5	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	263	6	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	263	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	263	8	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	263	9	beam	beam	NOUN
fis-5437	263	10	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	263	11	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	263	12	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	263	13	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	263	14	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	263	15	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	263	16	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	263	17	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	263	18	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	263	19	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	263	20	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	263	21	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	263	22	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	263	23	girdercenter	girdercenter	NOUN
fis-5437	263	24	distance	distance	NOUN
fis-5437	263	25	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	263	26	the	the	DET
fis-5437	263	27	clshaped	clshape	VERB
fis-5437	263	28	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	263	29	figure	figure	VERB
fis-5437	263	30	25	25	NUM
fis-5437	263	31	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	263	32	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	263	33	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
fis-5437	263	34	distribution	distribution	NOUN
fis-5437	263	35	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	264	1	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	264	2	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	264	3	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	264	4	hrough	hrough	ADV
fis-5437	264	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	264	6	fitting	fitting	NOUN
fis-5437	264	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	264	8	180	180	NUM
fis-5437	264	9	sets	set	NOUN
fis-5437	264	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	264	11	numeric	numeric	ADJ
fis-5437	264	12	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	264	13	plus	plus	CCONJ
fis-5437	264	14	theoretic	theoretic	ADJ
fis-5437	264	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	264	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	264	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	264	18	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	264	19	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	264	20	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	264	21	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	264	22	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	264	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	264	24	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	264	25	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	264	26	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	264	27	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	264	28	constructed	construct	VERB
fis-5437	264	29	as	as	SCONJ
fis-5437	264	30	follows	follow	VERB
fis-5437	264	31	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	265	1	given	give	VERB
fis-5437	265	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	265	3	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	265	4	slab	slab	NOUN
fis-5437	265	5	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	265	6	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	265	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	265	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	265	9	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	265	10	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	265	11	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	265	12	defined	define	VERB
fis-5437	265	13	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	265	14	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	265	15	fn	fn	PROPN
fis-5437	265	16	=	=	SYM
fis-5437	265	17	za	za	PROPN
fis-5437	265	18	zp·fs	zp·fs	PROPN
fis-5437	265	19	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	265	20	25	25	NUM
fis-5437	265	21	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	265	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	265	23	previous	previous	ADJ
fis-5437	265	24	section	section	NOUN
fis-5437	265	25	found	find	VERB
fis-5437	265	26	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	265	27	the	the	DET
fis-5437	265	28	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	265	29	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	265	30	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	265	31	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	265	32	800	800	NUM
fis-5437	265	33	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	265	34	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	265	35	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	265	36	about	about	ADV
fis-5437	265	37	74	74	NUM
fis-5437	265	38	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	265	39	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	265	40	that	that	PRON
fis-5437	265	41	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	265	42	1000	1000	NUM
fis-5437	265	43	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	265	44	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	265	45	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	266	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
fis-5437	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	266	3	a	a	DET
fis-5437	266	4	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	266	5	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	266	6	influence	influence	NOUN
fis-5437	266	7	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
fis-5437	266	8	h	h	NOUN
fis-5437	266	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	266	10	h800=0.74	h800=0.74	PROPN
fis-5437	266	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	266	12	h1000=1	h1000=1	PROPN
fis-5437	266	13	can	can	AUX
fis-5437	266	14	be	be	AUX
fis-5437	266	15	obtained	obtain	VERB
fis-5437	266	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	267	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	267	2	26	26	NUM
fis-5437	267	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	267	4	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	267	5	fig.26	fig.26	ADJ
fis-5437	267	6	f1	f1	NOUN
fis-5437	267	7	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	267	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	267	9	finite	finite	ADJ
fis-5437	267	10	element	element	NOUN
fis-5437	267	11	result	result	NOUN
fis-5437	267	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	267	13	f2	f2	PROPN
fis-5437	267	14	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	267	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	267	16	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	267	17	value	value	NOUN
fis-5437	267	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	267	19	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	267	20	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	267	21	clear	clear	ADJ
fis-5437	267	22	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	267	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	267	24	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	267	25	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	267	26	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	267	27	obtained	obtain	VERB
fis-5437	267	28	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	267	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	267	30	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	267	31	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	267	32	very	very	ADV
fis-5437	267	33	close	close	ADJ
fis-5437	267	34	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	267	35	the	the	DET
fis-5437	267	36	finite	finite	ADJ
fis-5437	267	37	element	element	NOUN
fis-5437	267	38	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	267	39	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	267	40	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	267	41	the	the	DET
fis-5437	267	42	average	average	ADJ
fis-5437	267	43	error	error	NOUN
fis-5437	267	44	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	267	45	within	within	ADP
fis-5437	267	46	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	267	47	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	267	48	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	268	1	400	400	NUM
fis-5437	268	2	450	450	NUM
fis-5437	268	3	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	268	4	550	550	NUM
fis-5437	268	5	600	600	NUM
fis-5437	268	6	0.90	0.90	NUM
fis-5437	268	7	0.95	0.95	NUM
fis-5437	268	8	1.00	1.00	NUM
fis-5437	268	9	1.05	1.05	NUM
fis-5437	268	10	1.10	1.10	NUM
fis-5437	268	11	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	268	12	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	268	13	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	268	14	deck=0.7	deck=0.7	ADJ
fis-5437	268	15	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	268	16	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	268	17	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	268	18	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	268	19	deck=0.9	deck=0.9	ADJ
fis-5437	268	20	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	268	21	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	268	22	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	268	23	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	268	24	deck=1.1	deck=1.1	NOUN
fis-5437	268	25	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	268	26	f2	f2	ADV
fis-5437	268	27	/f	/f	NOUN
fis-5437	268	28	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	268	29	wide	wide	ADV
fis-5437	268	30	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	268	31	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	268	32	bottom	bottom	NOUN
fis-5437	268	33	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	268	34	750.0	750.0	NUM
fis-5437	268	35	900.0	900.0	NUM
fis-5437	268	36	1050	1050	NUM
fis-5437	268	37	1200	1200	NUM
fis-5437	268	38	1350	1350	NUM
fis-5437	268	39	1500	1500	NUM
fis-5437	268	40	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	268	41	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	268	42	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	268	43	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	268	44	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	268	45	fig	fig	NOUN
fis-5437	268	46	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	1	26	26	NUM
fis-5437	269	2	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	3	comparison	comparison	NOUN
fis-5437	269	4	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	269	5	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	269	6	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	269	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	269	8	fe	fe	NOUN
fis-5437	269	9	values	value	NOUN
fis-5437	269	10	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	269	11	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	269	12	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	269	13	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	269	14	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	269	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	16	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	269	17	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	269	18	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	269	19	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	269	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	21	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	269	22	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	23	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	269	24	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	25	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	269	26	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	269	27	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	269	28	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	29	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	269	30	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	31	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	269	32	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	269	33	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	269	34	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	35	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	PROPN
fis-5437	269	36	283	283	NUM
fis-5437	269	37	based	base	VERB
fis-5437	269	38	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	269	39	the	the	DET
fis-5437	269	40	developed	develop	VERB
fis-5437	269	41	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	269	42	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	269	43	the	the	DET
fis-5437	269	44	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	269	45	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	269	46	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	47	a	a	DET
fis-5437	269	48	comparison	comparison	NOUN
fis-5437	269	49	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	269	50	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	269	51	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	269	52	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	269	53	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	269	54	consumption	consumption	NOUN
fis-5437	269	55	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	269	56	the	the	DET
fis-5437	269	57	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	269	58	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	269	59	proposed	propose	VERB
fis-5437	269	60	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	269	61	this	this	DET
fis-5437	269	62	work	work	NOUN
fis-5437	269	63	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	269	64	the	the	DET
fis-5437	269	65	traditional	traditional	ADJ
fis-5437	269	66	i	i	NOUN
fis-5437	269	67	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	269	68	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	269	69	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	269	70	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	269	71	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	269	72	the	the	DET
fis-5437	269	73	same	same	ADJ
fis-5437	269	74	size	size	NOUN
fis-5437	269	75	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	269	76	carried	carry	VERB
fis-5437	269	77	out	out	ADP
fis-5437	269	78	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	270	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	270	2	liang	liang	PROPN
fis-5437	270	3	’s	’s	PART
fis-5437	270	4	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	271	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	271	2	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	271	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	6	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	271	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	9	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	271	10	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	271	11	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	13	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	271	14	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	271	15	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	271	16	220	220	NUM
fis-5437	271	17	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	271	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	19	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	20	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	271	21	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	23	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	271	24	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	271	25	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	271	26	540	540	NUM
fis-5437	271	27	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	271	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	30	embedding	embed	VERB
fis-5437	271	31	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	271	32	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	33	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	34	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	271	35	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	271	36	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	271	37	360	360	NUM
fis-5437	271	38	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	271	39	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	40	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	41	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	271	42	rate	rate	NOUN
fis-5437	271	43	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	44	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	45	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	271	46	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	271	47	0.72	0.72	NUM
fis-5437	271	48	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	271	49	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	50	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	51	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	271	52	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	53	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	54	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	271	55	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	271	56	500	500	NUM
fis-5437	271	57	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	271	58	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	271	59	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	271	60	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	61	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	271	62	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	271	63	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	271	64	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	271	65	the	the	DET
fis-5437	271	66	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	271	67	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	271	68	488	488	NUM
fis-5437	271	69	kn	kn	PROPN
fis-5437	271	70	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	272	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	272	2	size	size	NOUN
fis-5437	272	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	272	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	272	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	272	6	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	272	7	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	272	8	this	this	DET
fis-5437	272	9	paper	paper	NOUN
fis-5437	272	10	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	272	11	adjusted	adjust	VERB
fis-5437	272	12	to	to	PART
fis-5437	272	13	match	match	VERB
fis-5437	272	14	that	that	PRON
fis-5437	272	15	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	272	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	272	17	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	272	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	273	1	employing	employ	VERB
fis-5437	273	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	273	3	calculation	calculation	NOUN
fis-5437	273	4	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	273	5	proposed	propose	VERB
fis-5437	273	6	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	273	7	this	this	DET
fis-5437	273	8	paper	paper	NOUN
fis-5437	273	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	273	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	273	11	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	273	12	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	273	13	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	273	14	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	273	15	calculated	calculate	VERB
fis-5437	273	16	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	273	17	507	507	NUM
fis-5437	273	18	kn	kn	PROPN
fis-5437	273	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	274	1	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	274	2	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	274	3	found	find	VERB
fis-5437	274	4	that	that	SCONJ
fis-5437	274	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	6	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	274	7	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	274	8	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	274	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	10	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	274	11	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	274	12	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	274	13	mainly	mainly	ADV
fis-5437	274	14	relies	rely	VERB
fis-5437	274	15	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	274	16	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	17	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	274	18	tensile	tensile	NOUN
fis-5437	274	19	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	274	20	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	274	21	provided	provide	VERB
fis-5437	274	22	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	274	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	24	bridge	bridge	PROPN
fis-5437	274	25	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	274	26	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	274	27	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	274	28	while	while	SCONJ
fis-5437	274	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	30	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	274	31	at	at	ADP
fis-5437	274	32	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	33	contact	contact	NOUN
fis-5437	274	34	surface	surface	NOUN
fis-5437	274	35	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	274	36	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	37	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	274	38	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	274	39	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	274	40	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	41	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	274	42	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	274	43	transfers	transfer	VERB
fis-5437	274	44	the	the	DET
fis-5437	274	45	external	external	ADJ
fis-5437	274	46	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	274	47	through	through	ADP
fis-5437	274	48	compression	compression	NOUN
fis-5437	274	49	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	275	1	compared	compare	VERB
fis-5437	275	2	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	275	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	275	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
fis-5437	275	5	i	i	NOUN
fis-5437	275	6	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	275	7	shaped	shape	VERB
fis-5437	275	8	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	275	9	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	275	10	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	275	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	275	12	experiment	experiment	NOUN
fis-5437	275	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	275	14	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	275	15	the	the	DET
fis-5437	275	16	same	same	ADJ
fis-5437	275	17	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	275	18	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	275	19	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	275	20	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	275	21	bottom	bottom	ADJ
fis-5437	275	22	plate	plate	NOUN
fis-5437	275	23	width	width	NOUN
fis-5437	275	24	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	275	25	the	the	DET
fis-5437	275	26	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	275	27	consumption	consumption	NOUN
fis-5437	275	28	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	275	29	the	the	DET
fis-5437	275	30	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	275	31	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	275	32	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	275	33	this	this	DET
fis-5437	275	34	paper	paper	NOUN
fis-5437	275	35	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	275	36	reduced	reduce	VERB
fis-5437	275	37	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	275	38	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	275	39	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	275	40	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	276	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	276	2	saving	saving	NOUN
fis-5437	276	3	arises	arise	VERB
fis-5437	276	4	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	276	5	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	276	6	because	because	SCONJ
fis-5437	276	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	276	8	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	276	9	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	276	10	was	be	AUX
fis-5437	276	11	not	not	PART
fis-5437	276	12	included	include	VERB
fis-5437	276	13	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	276	14	liang	liang	PROPN
fis-5437	276	15	’s	’s	PART
fis-5437	276	16	test	test	NOUN
fis-5437	277	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	277	2	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	277	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	277	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	278	1	once	once	ADV
fis-5437	278	2	the	the	DET
fis-5437	278	3	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	278	4	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	278	5	yielded	yield	VERB
fis-5437	278	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	278	7	it	it	PRON
fis-5437	278	8	would	would	AUX
fis-5437	278	9	lose	lose	VERB
fis-5437	278	10	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	278	11	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	278	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	279	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	279	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
fis-5437	279	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	279	4	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	279	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	279	6	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	279	7	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	279	8	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	279	9	this	this	DET
fis-5437	279	10	work	work	NOUN
fis-5437	279	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	279	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	279	13	presence	presence	NOUN
fis-5437	279	14	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	279	15	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
fis-5437	279	16	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	279	17	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	279	18	the	the	DET
fis-5437	279	19	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	279	20	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	279	21	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	279	22	the	the	DET
fis-5437	279	23	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	279	24	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	279	25	allows	allow	VERB
fis-5437	279	26	the	the	DET
fis-5437	279	27	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	279	28	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	279	29	to	to	PART
fis-5437	279	30	retain	retain	VERB
fis-5437	279	31	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	279	32	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	279	33	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	279	34	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	279	35	even	even	ADV
fis-5437	279	36	after	after	ADP
fis-5437	279	37	yielding	yield	VERB
fis-5437	279	38	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	280	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
fis-5437	280	2			ADP
fis-5437	280	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	280	4	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	280	5	modes	mode	NOUN
fis-5437	280	6	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	280	7	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	280	8	transfer	transfer	NOUN
fis-5437	280	9	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
fis-5437	280	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	280	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	280	12	proposed	propose	VERB
fis-5437	280	13	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	280	14	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	280	15	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	280	16	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	280	17	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	280	18	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	280	19	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	280	20	found	find	VERB
fis-5437	280	21	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	281	1	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	281	2	initiates	initiate	VERB
fis-5437	281	3	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	281	4	cracking	cracking	NOUN
fis-5437	281	5	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	281	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	281	7	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	281	8	surrounding	surround	VERB
fis-5437	281	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	281	10	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	281	11	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	281	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	281	13	leading	lead	VERB
fis-5437	281	14	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	281	15	a	a	DET
fis-5437	281	16	loss	loss	NOUN
fis-5437	281	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	281	18	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	281	19	resistance	resistance	NOUN
fis-5437	281	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	282	1	however	however	ADV
fis-5437	282	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	282	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	282	4	penetrating	penetrate	VERB
fis-5437	282	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	282	6	bars	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	282	7	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	282	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	282	9	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	282	10	do	do	AUX
fis-5437	282	11	not	not	PART
fis-5437	282	12	yield	yield	VERB
fis-5437	282	13	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	282	14	continue	continue	VERB
fis-5437	282	15	to	to	PART
fis-5437	282	16	carry	carry	VERB
fis-5437	282	17	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	282	18	forces	force	NOUN
fis-5437	282	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	283	1	after	after	ADP
fis-5437	283	2	reaching	reach	VERB
fis-5437	283	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	283	4	peak	peak	NOUN
fis-5437	283	5	load	load	NOUN
fis-5437	283	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	283	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	283	8	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	283	9	maintains	maintain	VERB
fis-5437	283	10	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	283	11	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	283	12	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	283	13	without	without	ADP
fis-5437	283	14	a	a	DET
fis-5437	283	15	sharp	sharp	ADJ
fis-5437	283	16	decrease	decrease	NOUN
fis-5437	283	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	283	18	though	though	SCONJ
fis-5437	283	19	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	283	20	progresses	progress	VERB
fis-5437	283	21	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
fis-5437	283	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	283	23	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB
fis-5437	283	24	good	good	ADJ
fis-5437	283	25	ductility	ductility	NOUN
fis-5437	283	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	284	1	cracking	crack	VERB
fis-5437	284	2	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	284	3	the	the	DET
fis-5437	284	4	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	284	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	284	6	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	284	7	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	284	8	deflection	deflection	NOUN
fis-5437	284	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	284	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	284	11	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	284	12	bar	bar	NOUN
fis-5437	284	13	deformation	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	284	14	increase	increase	NOUN
fis-5437	284	15	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	284	16	varying	vary	VERB
fis-5437	284	17	degrees	degree	NOUN
fis-5437	284	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	285	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
fis-5437	285	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	285	3	failure	failure	NOUN
fis-5437	285	4	occurs	occur	VERB
fis-5437	285	5	due	due	ADJ
fis-5437	285	6	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	285	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	285	8	local	local	ADJ
fis-5437	285	9	yielding	yielding	NOUN
fis-5437	285	10	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	285	11	the	the	DET
fis-5437	285	12	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	285	13	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	285	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	286	1			ADP
fis-5437	286	2	typical	typical	ADJ
fis-5437	286	3	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	286	4	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
fis-5437	286	5	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	286	6	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	286	7	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	286	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	286	9	the	the	DET
fis-5437	286	10	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	286	11	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	286	12	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	286	13	suggested	suggest	VERB
fis-5437	286	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	287	1	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	287	2	respect	respect	NOUN
fis-5437	287	3	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	287	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	287	5	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	287	6	depth	depth	NOUN
fis-5437	287	7	range	range	NOUN
fis-5437	287	8	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	287	9	800mm-1000	800mm-1000	NUM
fis-5437	287	10	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	287	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	287	12	an	an	DET
fis-5437	287	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
fis-5437	287	14	dowel	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	287	15	spacing	space	VERB
fis-5437	287	16	300	300	NUM
fis-5437	287	17	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	287	18	350	350	NUM
fis-5437	287	19	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	287	20	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	287	21	web	web	NOUN
fis-5437	287	22	thickness	thickness	NOUN
fis-5437	287	23	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	287	24	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	287	25	mm	mm	NOUN
fis-5437	287	26	are	be	AUX
fis-5437	287	27	recommended	recommend	VERB
fis-5437	287	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	288	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
fis-5437	288	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	288	3	increasing	increase	VERB
fis-5437	288	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	288	5	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
fis-5437	288	6	ratio	ratio	NOUN
fis-5437	288	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	288	8	the	the	DET
fis-5437	288	9	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	288	10	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	288	11	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	288	12	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	288	13	to	to	PART
fis-5437	288	14	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	288	15	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	288	16	enhances	enhance	VERB
fis-5437	288	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	288	18	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	288	19	’s	’s	NOUN
fis-5437	288	20	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	288	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	288	22	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	288	23	approximately	approximately	ADV
fis-5437	288	24	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	288	25	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	288	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	289	1			ADP
fis-5437	289	2	a	a	DET
fis-5437	289	3	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	289	4	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	289	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	289	6	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
fis-5437	289	7	bearing	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	289	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
fis-5437	289	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	289	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	289	11	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	289	12	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	289	13	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	289	14	is	be	AUX
fis-5437	289	15	proposed	propose	VERB
fis-5437	289	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	289	17	which	which	PRON
fis-5437	289	18	accounts	account	VERB
fis-5437	289	19	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	289	20	contributions	contribution	NOUN
fis-5437	289	21	from	from	ADP
fis-5437	289	22	both	both	CCONJ
fis-5437	289	23	the	the	DET
fis-5437	289	24	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	289	25	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	289	26	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	289	27	connections	connection	NOUN
fis-5437	289	28	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	290	1	validation	validation	NOUN
fis-5437	290	2	against	against	ADP
fis-5437	290	3	numerical	numerical	ADJ
fis-5437	290	4	results	result	NOUN
fis-5437	290	5	shows	show	VERB
fis-5437	290	6	an	an	DET
fis-5437	290	7	average	average	ADJ
fis-5437	290	8	error	error	NOUN
fis-5437	290	9	below	below	ADP
fis-5437	290	10	3	3	NUM
fis-5437	290	11	%	%	NOUN
fis-5437	290	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	290	13	confirming	confirm	VERB
fis-5437	290	14	its	its	PRON
fis-5437	290	15	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
fis-5437	290	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	291	1	this	this	DET
fis-5437	291	2	formula	formula	NOUN
fis-5437	291	3	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
fis-5437	291	4	rapid	rapid	ADJ
fis-5437	291	5	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	291	6	optimization	optimization	NOUN
fis-5437	291	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	291	8	serves	serve	VERB
fis-5437	291	9	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	291	10	a	a	DET
fis-5437	291	11	reliable	reliable	ADJ
fis-5437	291	12	tool	tool	NOUN
fis-5437	291	13	for	for	SCONJ
fis-5437	291	14	engineers	engineer	NOUN
fis-5437	291	15	to	to	PART
fis-5437	291	16	assess	assess	VERB
fis-5437	291	17	the	the	DET
fis-5437	291	18	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	291	19	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	291	20	the	the	DET
fis-5437	291	21	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	291	22	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	291	23	multifactorial	multifactorial	ADJ
fis-5437	291	24	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	291	25	conditions	condition	NOUN
fis-5437	291	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	291	27	including	include	VERB
fis-5437	291	28	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	291	29	effects	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	291	30	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	291	31	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	291	32	actions	action	NOUN
fis-5437	291	33	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	292	1	acknowledgements	acknowledgement	NOUN
fis-5437	292	2	he	he	PRON
fis-5437	292	3	authors	author	NOUN
fis-5437	292	4	appreciate	appreciate	VERB
fis-5437	292	5	the	the	DET
fis-5437	292	6	support	support	NOUN
fis-5437	292	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	292	8	natural	natural	ADJ
fis-5437	292	9	science	science	NOUN
fis-5437	292	10	foundation	foundation	NOUN
fis-5437	292	11	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	292	12	shaanxi	shaanxi	PROPN
fis-5437	292	13	province	province	PROPN
fis-5437	292	14	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	292	15	grant	grant	VERB
fis-5437	292	16	no	no	NOUN
fis-5437	292	17	.	.	NOUN
fis-5437	293	1	2023	2023	NUM
fis-5437	293	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	3	jc	jc	PROPN
fis-5437	293	4	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	5	yb-360	yb-360	PROPN
fis-5437	293	6	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	7	references	reference	NOUN
fis-5437	293	8	[	[	X
fis-5437	293	9	1	1	NUM
fis-5437	293	10	]	]	X
fis-5437	293	11	pak	pak	PROPN
fis-5437	293	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	13	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	293	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	15	bigelow	bigelow	PROPN
fis-5437	293	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	17	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	293	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	19	&	&	CCONJ
fis-5437	293	20	feldmann	feldmann	PROPN
fis-5437	293	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	22	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	293	23	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	24	2017	2017	NUM
fis-5437	293	25	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	293	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	294	1	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	294	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	294	3	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	294	4	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	294	5	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	294	6	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	294	7	abutments	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	294	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	295	1	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	295	2	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	295	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	295	4	10(1	10(1	NUM
fis-5437	295	5	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	295	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	295	7	pp	pp	PROPN
fis-5437	295	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	296	1	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	296	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	296	3	30	30	NUM
fis-5437	296	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	297	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	297	2	2	2	NUM
fis-5437	297	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	297	4	mertz	mertz	PROPN
fis-5437	297	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	297	6	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	297	7	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	297	8	2013	2013	NUM
fis-5437	297	9	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	297	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	298	1	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	298	2	guide	guide	NOUN
fis-5437	298	3	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	298	4	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	298	5	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	298	6	service	service	NOUN
fis-5437	298	7	life	life	NOUN
fis-5437	298	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	299	1	strategic	strategic	ADJ
fis-5437	299	2	highway	highway	NOUN
fis-5437	299	3	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	300	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	300	2	3	3	X
fis-5437	300	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	300	4	paraschos	paraschos	NOUN
fis-5437	300	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	300	6	a.	a.	NOUN
fis-5437	300	7	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	300	8	2016	2016	NUM
fis-5437	300	9	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	300	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	301	1	effects	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	301	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	301	3	wingwall	wingwall	NOUN
fis-5437	301	4	configurations	configuration	NOUN
fis-5437	301	5	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	301	6	the	the	DET
fis-5437	301	7	behavior	behavior	NOUN
fis-5437	301	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	301	9	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	301	10	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	301	11	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	301	12	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	301	13	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
fis-5437	301	14	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
fis-5437	301	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	301	16	university	university	NOUN
fis-5437	301	17	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	301	18	maryland	maryland	PROPN
fis-5437	301	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	301	20	college	college	NOUN
fis-5437	301	21	park	park	NOUN
fis-5437	301	22	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	301	23	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	302	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	302	2	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	302	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	302	4	pnevmatikos	pnevmatikos	NOUN
fis-5437	302	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	302	6	n.	n.	PROPN
fis-5437	302	7	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	302	8	,papagiannopoulos	,papagiannopoulos	PROPN
fis-5437	302	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	302	10	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	302	11	a.	a.	PROPN
fis-5437	302	12	,papavasileiou	,papavasileiou	PROPN
fis-5437	302	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	302	14	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	302	15	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	302	16	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	302	17	2019	2019	NUM
fis-5437	302	18	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	302	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	303	1	fragility	fragility	NOUN
fis-5437	303	2	curves	curve	VERB
fis-5437	303	3	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	303	4	mixed	mixed	ADJ
fis-5437	303	5	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	303	6	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	303	7	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	303	8	frames	frame	NOUN
fis-5437	303	9	subjected	subject	VERB
fis-5437	303	10	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	303	11	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	303	12	excitation	excitation	NOUN
fis-5437	303	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	303	14	soil	soil	NOUN
fis-5437	303	15	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
fis-5437	303	16	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	303	17	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN
fis-5437	303	18	engineering	engineering	NOUN
fis-5437	303	19	116	116	NUM
fis-5437	303	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	303	21	pp	pp	ADJ
fis-5437	303	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	304	1	709	709	NUM
fis-5437	304	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	304	3	713	713	NUM
fis-5437	304	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	305	2	5	5	NUM
fis-5437	305	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	4	arsoy	arsoy	NOUN
fis-5437	305	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	6	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	305	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	8	duncan	duncan	PROPN
fis-5437	305	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	10	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	305	11	m.	m.	PROPN
fis-5437	305	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	13	&	&	CCONJ
fis-5437	305	14	barker	barker	PROPN
fis-5437	305	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	16	r.	r.	PROPN
fis-5437	305	17	m.	m.	PROPN
fis-5437	305	18	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	19	2002	2002	NUM
fis-5437	305	20	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	305	21	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	306	1	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	306	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	306	3	piles	pile	NOUN
fis-5437	306	4	supporting	support	VERB
fis-5437	306	5	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	306	6	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	306	7	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	307	1	transportation	transportation	NOUN
fis-5437	307	2	research	research	NOUN
fis-5437	307	3	record	record	NOUN
fis-5437	307	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	307	5	1808(1	1808(1	NUM
fis-5437	307	6	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	307	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	307	8	pp	pp	ADP
fis-5437	307	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	308	1	162	162	NUM
fis-5437	308	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	308	3	167	167	NUM
fis-5437	308	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	1	t	t	PROPN
fis-5437	309	2	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	309	3	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	309	4	et	et	PROPN
fis-5437	309	5	alii	alii	PROPN
fis-5437	309	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	7	fracture	fracture	ADJ
fis-5437	309	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	309	9	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	309	10	integrity	integrity	NOUN
fis-5437	309	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	12	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	309	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	14	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	309	15	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	16	267	267	NUM
fis-5437	309	17	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	309	18	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	309	19	;	;	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	20	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	309	21	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	22	10.3221	10.3221	NUM
fis-5437	309	23	/	/	SYM
fis-5437	309	24	igf	igf	PROPN
fis-5437	309	25	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	309	26	esis.73.18	esis.73.18	VERB
fis-5437	309	27	284	284	NUM
fis-5437	310	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	310	2	6	6	NUM
fis-5437	310	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	310	4	dreyer	dreyer	PROPN
fis-5437	310	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	6	t.	t.	PROPN
fis-5437	310	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	8	fronek	fronek	PROPN
fis-5437	310	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	10	a.	a.	NOUN
fis-5437	310	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	12	fataar	fataar	NOUN
fis-5437	310	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	14	h.	h.	NOUN
fis-5437	310	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	16	mpye	mpye	PROPN
fis-5437	310	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	18	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	310	19	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	310	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	21	skorpen	skorpen	PROPN
fis-5437	310	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	23	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	310	24	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	25	kearsley	kearsley	PROPN
fis-5437	310	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	27	e.	e.	PROPN
fis-5437	310	28	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	310	29	van	van	PROPN
fis-5437	310	30	zijl	zijl	PROPN
fis-5437	310	31	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	32	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	310	33	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	34	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	310	35	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	310	36	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	311	1	soil	soil	NOUN
fis-5437	311	2	–	–	PUNCT
fis-5437	311	3	structure	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	311	4	interaction	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	311	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
fis-5437	311	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	311	7	transition	transition	NOUN
fis-5437	311	8	zone	zone	NOUN
fis-5437	311	9	deformations	deformation	NOUN
fis-5437	311	10	due	due	ADJ
fis-5437	311	11	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	311	12	imposed	impose	VERB
fis-5437	311	13	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	311	14	displacement	displacement	ADJ
fis-5437	311	15	cycles	cycle	NOUN
fis-5437	311	16	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	311	17	an	an	DET
fis-5437	311	18	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	311	19	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	311	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	312	1	journal	journal	PROPN
fis-5437	312	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	312	3	bridge	bridge	PROPN
fis-5437	312	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
fis-5437	312	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	312	6	30(4	30(4	NUM
fis-5437	312	7	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	312	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	312	9	04025005	04025005	NUM
fis-5437	312	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	313	2	7	7	NUM
fis-5437	313	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	313	4	fiorentino	fiorentino	PROPN
fis-5437	313	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	6	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	313	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	8	cengiz	cengiz	PROPN
fis-5437	313	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	10	c.	c.	PROPN
fis-5437	313	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	12	de	de	X
fis-5437	313	13	luca	luca	PROPN
fis-5437	313	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	15	f.	f.	PROPN
fis-5437	313	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	17	mylonakis	mylonakis	PROPN
fis-5437	313	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	19	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	313	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	21	karamitros	karamitros	PROPN
fis-5437	313	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	23	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	313	24	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	25	dietz	dietz	PROPN
fis-5437	313	26	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	27	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	313	28	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	313	29	nuti	nuti	PROPN
fis-5437	313	30	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	31	c.	c.	PROPN
fis-5437	313	32	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	33	2021	2021	NUM
fis-5437	313	34	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	313	35	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	314	1	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	314	2	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	314	3	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	314	4	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	314	5	investigation	investigation	NOUN
fis-5437	314	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	314	7	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	314	8	soil‐structure	soil‐structure	NOUN
fis-5437	314	9	interaction	interaction	NOUN
fis-5437	314	10	effects	effect	NOUN
fis-5437	314	11	by	by	ADP
fis-5437	314	12	shaking	shake	VERB
fis-5437	314	13	table	table	NOUN
fis-5437	314	14	testing	testing	NOUN
fis-5437	314	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	315	1	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN
fis-5437	315	2	engineering	engineering	PROPN
fis-5437	315	3	&	&	CCONJ
fis-5437	315	4	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	315	5	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
fis-5437	315	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	315	7	50(6	50(6	NUM
fis-5437	315	8	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	315	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	315	10	pp	pp	ADP
fis-5437	315	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	316	1	1517	1517	NUM
fis-5437	316	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	316	3	1538	1538	NUM
fis-5437	316	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	317	2	8	8	NUM
fis-5437	317	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	317	4	kim	kim	PROPN
fis-5437	317	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	6	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	7	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	9	yoon	yoon	PROPN
fis-5437	317	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	11	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	12	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	14	kim	kim	PROPN
fis-5437	317	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	16	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	17	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	19	choi	choi	PROPN
fis-5437	317	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	21	w.	w.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	22	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	23	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	317	24	ahn	ahn	PROPN
fis-5437	317	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	26	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	27	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	317	28	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	29	2012	2012	NUM
fis-5437	317	30	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	317	31	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	318	1	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	318	2	details	detail	NOUN
fis-5437	318	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	318	4	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	318	5	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	318	6	–	–	PUNCT
fis-5437	318	7	abutment	abutment	ADJ
fis-5437	318	8	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	318	9	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	318	10	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	318	11	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	318	12	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	318	13	an	an	DET
fis-5437	318	14	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	318	15	study	study	NOUN
fis-5437	318	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	319	1	journal	journal	NOUN
fis-5437	319	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	319	3	constructional	constructional	ADJ
fis-5437	319	4	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	319	5	research	research	NOUN
fis-5437	319	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	319	7	70	70	NUM
fis-5437	319	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	319	9	pp	pp	ADJ
fis-5437	319	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	320	1	190	190	NUM
fis-5437	320	2	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	320	3	212	212	NUM
fis-5437	320	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	321	2	9	9	NUM
fis-5437	321	3	]	]	SYM
fis-5437	321	4	feldmann	feldmann	NOUN
fis-5437	321	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	6	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	321	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	8	kopp	kopp	PROPN
fis-5437	321	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	10	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	321	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	321	12	pak	pak	PROPN
fis-5437	321	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	14	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	321	15	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	16	2016	2016	NUM
fis-5437	321	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	321	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	322	1	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	322	2	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	322	3	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	322	4	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	322	5	connectors	connector	NOUN
fis-5437	322	6	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	322	7	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	322	8	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	322	9	–	–	PUNCT
fis-5437	322	10	background	background	NOUN
fis-5437	322	11	to	to	ADP
fis-5437	322	12	the	the	DET
fis-5437	322	13	german	german	ADJ
fis-5437	322	14	technical	technical	ADJ
fis-5437	322	15	approval	approval	NOUN
fis-5437	322	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	323	1	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	323	2	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	323	3	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	323	4	9(2	9(2	NUM
fis-5437	323	5	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	323	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	323	7	pp	pp	PROPN
fis-5437	323	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	324	1	80	80	NUM
fis-5437	324	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	324	3	88	88	NUM
fis-5437	324	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	325	2	10	10	NUM
fis-5437	325	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	325	4	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	325	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	6	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	325	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	8	pan	pan	PROPN
fis-5437	325	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	10	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	325	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	12	wolters	wolters	PROPN
fis-5437	325	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	14	k.	k.	PROPN
fis-5437	325	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	16	liu	liu	PROPN
fis-5437	325	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	18	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	325	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	20	cheng	cheng	PROPN
fis-5437	325	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	22	l.	l.	PROPN
fis-5437	325	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	24	li	li	PROPN
fis-5437	325	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	26	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	325	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	325	28	feldmann	feldmann	PROPN
fis-5437	325	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	30	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	325	31	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	32	2024	2024	NUM
fis-5437	325	33	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	325	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	326	1	prefabricated	prefabricate	VERB
fis-5437	326	2	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	326	3	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	326	4	girders	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	326	5	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	326	6	small	small	ADJ
fis-5437	326	7	bridges‐structural	bridges‐structural	ADJ
fis-5437	326	8	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	326	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	326	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
fis-5437	326	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	326	12	evaluation.ce/papers	evaluation.ce/paper	NOUN
fis-5437	326	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	326	14	7(3	7(3	NUM
fis-5437	326	15	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	326	16	4	4	NUM
fis-5437	326	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	326	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	326	19	pp	pp	ADP
fis-5437	326	20	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	327	1	50	50	NUM
fis-5437	327	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	327	3	62	62	NUM
fis-5437	327	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	328	2	11	11	NUM
fis-5437	328	3	]	]	SYM
fis-5437	328	4	xiong	xiong	PROPN
fis-5437	328	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	6	z.	z.	PROPN
fis-5437	328	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	8	li	li	PROPN
fis-5437	328	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	10	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	328	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	12	wolters	wolters	PROPN
fis-5437	328	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	14	k.	k.	PROPN
fis-5437	328	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	16	mou	mou	PROPN
fis-5437	328	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	18	x.	x.	NOUN
fis-5437	328	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	20	&	&	CCONJ
fis-5437	328	21	feldmann	feldmann	PROPN
fis-5437	328	22	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	23	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	328	24	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	25	2025	2025	NUM
fis-5437	328	26	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	328	27	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	329	1	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
fis-5437	329	2	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	329	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	329	4	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	329	5	dowels	dowel	NOUN
fis-5437	329	6	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	329	7	combination	combination	NOUN
fis-5437	329	8	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	329	9	shear	shear	NOUN
fis-5437	329	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	329	11	tension	tension	NOUN
fis-5437	329	12	–	–	PUNCT
fis-5437	329	13	part	part	NOUN
fis-5437	329	14	i	i	NOUN
fis-5437	329	15	–	–	PUNCT
fis-5437	329	16	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	329	17	component	component	NOUN
fis-5437	329	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	330	1	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	330	2	construction,18(1	construction,18(1	PROPN
fis-5437	330	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	330	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	330	5	pp	pp	ADP
fis-5437	330	6	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	331	1	52	52	NUM
fis-5437	331	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	331	3	62	62	NUM
fis-5437	331	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	332	2	12	12	NUM
fis-5437	332	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	332	4	feldmann	feldmann	PROPN
fis-5437	332	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	6	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	332	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	8	naumes	naume	NOUN
fis-5437	332	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	10	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	332	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	12	pak	pak	PROPN
fis-5437	332	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	14	d.	d.	PROPN
fis-5437	332	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	16	veljkovic	veljkovic	PROPN
fis-5437	332	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	18	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	332	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	20	nilsson	nilsson	PROPN
fis-5437	332	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	22	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	332	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	24	eriksen	eriksen	PROPN
fis-5437	332	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	26	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	332	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	332	28	popa	popa	NOUN
fis-5437	332	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	30	n.	n.	NOUN
fis-5437	332	31	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	32	2010	2010	NUM
fis-5437	332	33	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	332	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	333	1	economic	economic	ADJ
fis-5437	333	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	333	3	durable	durable	ADJ
fis-5437	333	4	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	333	5	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	333	6	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	333	7	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	333	8	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	333	9	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	333	10	abutments	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	333	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	333	12	european	european	PROPN
fis-5437	333	13	commission	commission	PROPN
fis-5437	333	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	333	15	doi	doi	NOUN
fis-5437	333	16	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	333	17	10.2777/91014	10.2777/91014	NUM
fis-5437	333	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	334	2	13	13	NUM
fis-5437	334	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	4	ashiduka	ashiduka	PROPN
fis-5437	334	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	6	k.	k.	PROPN
fis-5437	334	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	8	miyata	miyata	PROPN
fis-5437	334	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	10	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	334	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	12	sakate	sakate	NOUN
fis-5437	334	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	14	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	334	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	16	kiso	kiso	PROPN
fis-5437	334	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	18	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	334	19	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	20	kurita	kurita	PROPN
fis-5437	334	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	22	a.	a.	NOUN
fis-5437	334	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	24	shimotaniike	shimotaniike	NOUN
fis-5437	334	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	26	t.	t.	PROPN
fis-5437	334	27	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	334	28	leistung	leistung	PROPN
fis-5437	334	29	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	30	p.	p.	NOUN
fis-5437	334	31	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	32	2007	2007	NUM
fis-5437	334	33	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	334	34	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	335	1	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	335	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	335	3	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
fis-5437	335	4	frame	frame	NOUN
fis-5437	335	5	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	335	6	having	having	AUX
fis-5437	335	7	spread	spread	VERB
fis-5437	335	8	foundation	foundation	NOUN
fis-5437	335	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	335	10	proposal	proposal	NOUN
fis-5437	335	11	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	335	12	rationalization	rationalization	NOUN
fis-5437	335	13	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	335	14	connection	connection	NOUN
fis-5437	335	15	detail	detail	NOUN
fis-5437	335	16	between	between	ADP
fis-5437	335	17	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	335	18	girder	girder	NOUN
fis-5437	335	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	335	20	rc	rc	PROPN
fis-5437	335	21	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	335	22	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	336	1	kou	kou	PROPN
fis-5437	336	2	kouzou	kouzou	PROPN
fis-5437	336	3	rombunshuu	rombunshuu	NOUN
fis-5437	336	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	337	1	a	a	PRON
fis-5437	337	2	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	337	3	53	53	NUM
fis-5437	337	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	337	5	pp	pp	ADJ
fis-5437	337	6	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	338	1	936	936	NUM
fis-5437	338	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	338	3	945	945	NUM
fis-5437	338	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	339	2	14	14	NUM
fis-5437	339	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	4	riches	rich	NOUN
fis-5437	339	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	6	o.	o.	PROPN
fis-5437	339	7	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	339	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	9	carstairs	carstair	NOUN
fis-5437	339	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	11	n.	n.	PROPN
fis-5437	339	12	a.	a.	PROPN
fis-5437	339	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	14	&	&	CCONJ
fis-5437	339	15	jones	jones	PROPN
fis-5437	339	16	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	17	a.	a.	PROPN
fis-5437	339	18	e.	e.	PROPN
fis-5437	339	19	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	20	2005	2005	NUM
fis-5437	339	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	22	june	june	PROPN
fis-5437	339	23	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	339	24	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	340	1	a	a	DET
fis-5437	340	2	simplified	simplified	ADJ
fis-5437	340	3	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	340	4	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	340	5	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	340	6	connection	connection	NOUN
fis-5437	340	7	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	341	1	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	341	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
fis-5437	341	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	341	4	the	the	DET
fis-5437	341	5	institution	institution	NOUN
fis-5437	341	6	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	341	7	civil	civil	ADJ
fis-5437	341	8	engineers	engineer	NOUN
fis-5437	341	9	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	341	10	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	341	11	engineering	engineering	NOUN
fis-5437	341	12	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	341	13	158(2	158(2	NUM
fis-5437	341	14	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	341	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	341	16	pp	pp	PROPN
fis-5437	341	17	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	342	1	63	63	NUM
fis-5437	342	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	342	3	69	69	NUM
fis-5437	342	4	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	342	5	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	343	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	343	2	15	15	NUM
fis-5437	343	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	343	4	vtrans	vtran	NOUN
fis-5437	343	5	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	343	6	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	343	7	committee	committee	NOUN
fis-5437	343	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	344	1	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	344	2	2008	2008	NUM
fis-5437	344	3	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	344	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	345	1	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	345	2	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	345	3	bridge	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	345	4	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	345	5	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
fis-5437	345	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	345	7	the	the	DET
fis-5437	345	8	state	state	NOUN
fis-5437	345	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	345	10	vermont	vermont	PROPN
fis-5437	345	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	346	1	agency	agency	PROPN
fis-5437	346	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	346	3	transportation	transportation	NOUN
fis-5437	346	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	346	5	montpelier	montpelier	NOUN
fis-5437	346	6	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	347	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	347	2	16	16	NUM
fis-5437	347	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	347	4	briseghella	briseghella	PROPN
fis-5437	347	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	347	6	b.	b.	PROPN
fis-5437	347	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	347	8	zordan	zordan	PROPN
fis-5437	347	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	347	10	t.	t.	PROPN
fis-5437	347	11	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	347	12	2015	2015	NUM
fis-5437	347	13	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	347	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	348	1	an	an	DET
fis-5437	348	2	innovative	innovative	ADJ
fis-5437	348	3	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	348	4	-	-	PUNCT
fis-5437	348	5	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	348	6	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	348	7	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	348	8	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	348	9	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	348	10	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	348	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	349	1	journal	journal	NOUN
fis-5437	349	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	349	3	traffic	traffic	NOUN
fis-5437	349	4	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	349	5	transportation	transportation	NOUN
fis-5437	349	6	engineering	engineering	NOUN
fis-5437	349	7	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	349	8	english	english	PROPN
fis-5437	349	9	edition	edition	PROPN
fis-5437	349	10	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	349	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	349	12	2(4	2(4	NUM
fis-5437	349	13	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	349	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	349	15	pp	pp	ADJ
fis-5437	349	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	350	1	209	209	NUM
fis-5437	350	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	350	3	222	222	NUM
fis-5437	350	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	351	2	17	17	NUM
fis-5437	351	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	351	4	far	far	ADV
fis-5437	351	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	6	n.	n.	PROPN
fis-5437	351	7	e.	e.	PROPN
fis-5437	351	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	9	maleki	maleki	PROPN
fis-5437	351	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	11	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	351	12	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	351	13	barghian	barghian	PROPN
fis-5437	351	14	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	15	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	351	16	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	17	2015	2015	NUM
fis-5437	351	18	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	351	19	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	352	1	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	352	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	352	3	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	352	4	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	352	5	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	352	6	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	352	7	combined	combined	ADJ
fis-5437	352	8	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	352	9	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	352	10	seismic	seismic	ADJ
fis-5437	352	11	loads	load	NOUN
fis-5437	352	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	353	1	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN
fis-5437	353	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	353	3	structures	structure	NOUN
fis-5437	353	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	353	5	9(2	9(2	NUM
fis-5437	353	6	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	353	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	353	8	pp	pp	ADP
fis-5437	353	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	354	1	415	415	NUM
fis-5437	354	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	354	3	430	430	NUM
fis-5437	354	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	355	2	18	18	NUM
fis-5437	355	3	]	]	SYM
fis-5437	355	4	lafave	lafave	PROPN
fis-5437	355	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	6	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	7	m.	m.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	9	riddle	riddle	PROPN
fis-5437	355	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	11	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	12	k.	k.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	14	jarrett	jarrett	PROPN
fis-5437	355	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	16	m.	m.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	17	w.	w.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	18	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	19	wright	wright	PROPN
fis-5437	355	20	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	21	b.	b.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	22	a.	a.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	23	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	24	svatora	svatora	PROPN
fis-5437	355	25	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	26	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	27	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	28	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	29	an	an	PRON
fis-5437	355	30	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	31	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	32	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	355	33	fahnestock	fahnestock	PROPN
fis-5437	355	34	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	35	l.	l.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	36	a.	a.	PROPN
fis-5437	355	37	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	38	2016	2016	NUM
fis-5437	355	39	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	355	40	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	356	1	numerical	numerical	ADJ
fis-5437	356	2	simulations	simulation	NOUN
fis-5437	356	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	356	4	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	356	5	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	356	6	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	356	7	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	356	8	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	356	9	thermal	thermal	ADJ
fis-5437	356	10	loading	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	356	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	357	1	journal	journal	PROPN
fis-5437	357	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	357	3	bridge	bridge	PROPN
fis-5437	357	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
fis-5437	357	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	357	6	21(10	21(10	PROPN
fis-5437	357	7	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	357	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	357	9	04016061	04016061	NUM
fis-5437	357	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	358	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	358	2	19	19	NUM
fis-5437	358	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	358	4	kunin	kunin	PROPN
fis-5437	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	358	6	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	358	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	358	8	alampalli	alampalli	PROPN
fis-5437	358	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	358	10	s.	s.	PROPN
fis-5437	358	11	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	358	12	2000	2000	NUM
fis-5437	358	13	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	358	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	359	1	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	359	2	abutment	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	359	3	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	359	4	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	359	5	current	current	ADJ
fis-5437	359	6	practice	practice	NOUN
fis-5437	359	7	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	359	8	united	united	PROPN
fis-5437	359	9	states	states	PROPN
fis-5437	359	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	359	11	canada	canada	PROPN
fis-5437	359	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	360	1	journal	journal	PROPN
fis-5437	360	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	360	3	performance	performance	NOUN
fis-5437	360	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	360	5	constructed	construct	VERB
fis-5437	360	6	facilities	facility	NOUN
fis-5437	360	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	360	8	14(3	14(3	NUM
fis-5437	360	9	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	360	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	360	11	pp	pp	PROPN
fis-5437	360	12	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	361	1	104	104	NUM
fis-5437	361	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	361	3	111	111	NUM
fis-5437	361	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	362	2	20	20	NUM
fis-5437	362	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	362	4	aktan	aktan	ADJ
fis-5437	362	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	6	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	362	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	8	attanayake	attanayake	PROPN
fis-5437	362	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	10	u.	u.	PROPN
fis-5437	362	11	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	362	12	ulku	ulku	NOUN
fis-5437	362	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	14	e.	e.	PROPN
fis-5437	362	15	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	16	2008	2008	NUM
fis-5437	362	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	362	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	363	1	combining	combine	VERB
fis-5437	363	2	link	link	NOUN
fis-5437	363	3	slab	slab	NOUN
fis-5437	363	4	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	363	5	deck	deck	NOUN
fis-5437	363	6	sliding	slide	VERB
fis-5437	363	7	over	over	ADP
fis-5437	363	8	backwall	backwall	NOUN
fis-5437	363	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	363	10	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	363	11	revising	revise	VERB
fis-5437	363	12	bearings	bearing	NOUN
fis-5437	363	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	363	14	no	no	INTJ
fis-5437	363	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	363	16	rc-1514	rc-1514	PROPN
fis-5437	363	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	363	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	364	2	21	21	NUM
fis-5437	364	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	364	4	liang	liang	PROPN
fis-5437	364	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	6	c.	c.	PROPN
fis-5437	364	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	8	liu	liu	PROPN
fis-5437	364	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	10	y.	y.	PROPN
fis-5437	364	11	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	12	zhao	zhao	PROPN
fis-5437	364	13	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	14	c.	c.	PROPN
fis-5437	364	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	16	lei	lei	PROPN
fis-5437	364	17	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	18	b.	b.	PROPN
fis-5437	364	19	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	364	20	wu	wu	PROPN
fis-5437	364	21	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	22	j.	j.	PROPN
fis-5437	364	23	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	24	2018	2018	NUM
fis-5437	364	25	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	364	26	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	365	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
fis-5437	365	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	365	3	numerical	numerical	ADJ
fis-5437	365	4	study	study	NOUN
fis-5437	365	5	on	on	ADP
fis-5437	365	6	an	an	DET
fis-5437	365	7	innovative	innovative	ADJ
fis-5437	365	8	girderabutment	girderabutment	NOUN
fis-5437	365	9	joint	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	365	10	in	in	ADP
fis-5437	365	11	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	365	12	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	365	13	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	365	14	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	365	15	abutments	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	365	16	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	366	1	construction	construction	NOUN
fis-5437	366	2	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	366	3	building	building	NOUN
fis-5437	366	4	materials	material	NOUN
fis-5437	366	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	366	6	186	186	NUM
fis-5437	366	7	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	366	8	pp	pp	ADJ
fis-5437	366	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	367	1	709	709	NUM
fis-5437	367	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	367	3	730	730	NUM
fis-5437	367	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	368	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	368	2	22	22	NUM
fis-5437	368	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	368	4	veljkovic	veljkovic	PROPN
fis-5437	368	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	368	6	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	368	7	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	368	8	2007	2007	NUM
fis-5437	368	9	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	368	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	369	1	project	project	NOUN
fis-5437	369	2	:	:	PUNCT
fis-5437	369	3	economic	economic	ADJ
fis-5437	369	4	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	369	5	durable	durable	ADJ
fis-5437	369	6	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	369	7	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	369	8	composite	composite	ADJ
fis-5437	369	9	bridges	bridge	NOUN
fis-5437	369	10	with	with	ADP
fis-5437	369	11	integral	integral	ADJ
fis-5437	369	12	abutments	abutment	NOUN
fis-5437	369	13	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	370	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	370	2	23	23	NUM
fis-5437	370	3	]	]	X
fis-5437	370	4	mattock	mattock	NOUN
fis-5437	370	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	370	6	a.	a.	NOUN
fis-5437	370	7	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	370	8	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	370	9	gaafar	gaafar	PROPN
fis-5437	370	10	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	370	11	g.	g.	PROPN
fis-5437	370	12	h.	h.	PROPN
fis-5437	370	13	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	370	14	1982	1982	NUM
fis-5437	370	15	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	370	16	march	march	PROPN
fis-5437	370	17	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	370	18	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	371	1	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	371	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	371	3	embedded	embed	VERB
fis-5437	371	4	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	371	5	sections	section	NOUN
fis-5437	371	6	as	as	ADP
fis-5437	371	7	brackets	bracket	NOUN
fis-5437	371	8	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	372	1	journal	journal	NOUN
fis-5437	372	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
fis-5437	372	3	79(2	79(2	NUM
fis-5437	372	4	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	372	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	372	6	pp	pp	PROPN
fis-5437	372	7	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	373	1	83	83	NUM
fis-5437	373	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	373	3	93	93	NUM
fis-5437	373	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	374	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	374	2	24	24	NUM
fis-5437	374	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	374	4	tschemmernegg	tschemmernegg	NOUN
fis-5437	374	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	374	6	f.	f.	PROPN
fis-5437	374	7	and	and	CCONJ
fis-5437	374	8	humer	humer	PROPN
fis-5437	374	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	374	10	c.	c.	PROPN
fis-5437	374	11	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	374	12	1988	1988	NUM
fis-5437	374	13	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	374	14	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	375	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	375	2	design	design	NOUN
fis-5437	375	3	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	375	4	structural	structural	ADJ
fis-5437	375	5	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	375	6	frames	frame	NOUN
fis-5437	375	7	under	under	ADP
fis-5437	375	8	consideration	consideration	NOUN
fis-5437	375	9	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	375	10	the	the	DET
fis-5437	375	11	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
fis-5437	375	12	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
fis-5437	375	13	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	375	14	joints	joint	NOUN
fis-5437	375	15	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	376	1	journal	journal	PROPN
fis-5437	376	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	376	3	constructional	constructional	ADJ
fis-5437	376	4	steel	steel	NOUN
fis-5437	376	5	research	research	NOUN
fis-5437	376	6	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	376	7	11(2	11(2	NUM
fis-5437	376	8	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	376	9	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	376	10	pp	pp	ADJ
fis-5437	376	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	377	1	73	73	NUM
fis-5437	377	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	377	3	103	103	NUM
fis-5437	377	4	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	378	1	[	[	X
fis-5437	378	2	25	25	NUM
fis-5437	378	3	]	]	PUNCT
fis-5437	378	4	hawkins	hawkin	NOUN
fis-5437	378	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	378	6	n.	n.	NOUN
fis-5437	378	7	m.	m.	NOUN
fis-5437	378	8	(	(	PUNCT
fis-5437	378	9	1970	1970	NUM
fis-5437	378	10	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	378	11	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	379	1	the	the	DET
fis-5437	379	2	bearing	bear	VERB
fis-5437	379	3	strength	strength	NOUN
fis-5437	379	4	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	379	5	concrete	concrete	NOUN
fis-5437	379	6	for	for	ADP
fis-5437	379	7	strip	strip	NOUN
fis-5437	379	8	loadings	loading	NOUN
fis-5437	379	9	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	380	1	magazine	magazine	NOUN
fis-5437	380	2	of	of	ADP
fis-5437	380	3	concrete	concrete	ADJ
fis-5437	380	4	research	research	NOUN
fis-5437	380	5	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	380	6	22(71	22(71	NUM
fis-5437	380	7	)	)	PUNCT
fis-5437	380	8	,	,	PUNCT
fis-5437	380	9	pp	pp	ADP
fis-5437	380	10	.	.	PUNCT
fis-5437	381	1	87	87	NUM
fis-5437	381	2	-	-	SYM
fis-5437	381	3	98	98	NUM
fis-5437	381	4	.	.	PUNCT