item: #1 of 103
          id: fnp-2610
      author: None
       title: Free for authors, free for readers, free from publisher, free
        date: None
       words: 2634
      flesch: 43
     summary: Financially supporting journals by national or international funding organizations (such as Gates Open Research) is also not helpful, because funding is usually restricted to a limited period of time, so that permanent structures which are mandatory for scientific journals are endangered. I am deeply convinced that the purpose of scientific journals is publishing science, ideally the best science, but definitely not making money, for whomsoever.
    keywords: access; activities; article; artists; authors; commercial; copyediting; discussion; editorial; end; fees; free; free neuropathology; high; institutions; journal; jumpartize; layout; money; museums; neuropathology; open; opinion; paper; processing; publication; publishers; publishing; quality; readers; science; scientific; scientists; subscription; technical; time; work
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        item: #2 of 103
          id: fnp-2611
      author: None
       title: Free for authors, free for readers, free from publisher, free
        date: None
       words: 1584
      flesch: 50
     summary: For instance, whereas we previously had only two known NET entities, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET) (don’t even get me started on “dysembryoplastic”) and cribriform neuroepithelial tumor (CRINET), we’ve since added: 1) high-grade neuroepithelial tumor (HGNET) with MN1 alteration (HGNET-MN1), 2) HGNET with BCOR exon 15 internal tandem duplication (HGNET-BCOR), 3) neuroepithelial tumor with H3 G34 mutation (NET-H3-G34), and 4) polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY)3-9. This explains the intended use of neuroepithelial tumor in the original 1988 description of DNET10, wherein the authors emphasized their view that DNET is likely related to a developmental disorder or malformation, given the frequent histologic findings resembling focal cortical dysplasia in adjacent cortex.
    keywords: acta; bcor; brain; cells; central; classification; cns; entities; et al; free; g34; grade; hgnet; high; mn1; neoplasm; nervous; neuroectodermal; neuroendocrine; neuroepithelial; neuroepithelial tumor; neuropathology; pituitary; pnet; term; tissue; trash; tube; tumor; type; words
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        item: #3 of 103
          id: fnp-2612
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neuroinflammation
        date: None
       words: 5924
      flesch: 38
     summary: Published: 11 January 2020 https://doi.org/10.17879/fnp-2020-2612 Keywords: Neuroimmunology, Brain inflammation, Lymphocytes, Microglia, Autoantibodies, Multiple sclerosis Abstract Ten neuropathological studies, published in 2019, are discussed, which address important aspects of neuroimmunology and inflammatory brain disease. Epstein-Barr Virus specific CD8 T cells selectively infiltrate the brain in multiple sclerosis and interact locally with virus-infected cells: Clue for a virus driven immunopathological mechanism (Serafini et al 2019) Even in the absence of an overt inflammatory disease of the central nervous system there is a small to moderate number of T-lymphocytes present in the brain and spinal cord, while infiltration of the tissue by T-cells and B-cells is massively increased in inflammatory brain diseases.
    keywords: 2017; acta; activation; alzheimer; amyloid; antibodies; antibody; antigen; aqp4; autoimmune; barrier; blood; brain; cd8; cells; central; clinical; cns; course; cytokines; damage; data; demyelination; different; disease; ebv; encephalitis; encephalomyelitis; et al; experimental; figure; high; human; immune; important; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; injury; lassmann; lesions; lymphocytes; macrophages; material; mechanisms; memory; microglia; models; mog; multiple; multiple sclerosis; myelin; nervous; neurodegeneration; neurol; neuromyelitis; neuronal; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; normal; oligodendrocyte; optica; pathogenic; pathology; patients; plaque; pro; question; red; research; resident; response; role; sclerosis; specific; spectrum; studies; study; surveillance; system; technology; tissue; trem2; van; variants; virus; years; zika
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        item: #4 of 103
          id: fnp-2613
      author: None
       title: Dementia with Lewy bodies – a clinicopathological update
        date: None
       words: 8792
      flesch: 54
     summary: The first standardized criterion assessing the connections between pathological findings and DLB was made by Kosaka et al. Jellinger et al. also describes that α-synuclein distribution is different in DLB and PDD where α-synuclein load was highest in hippocampal subarea CA2 and in amygdala in DLB, whereas in PD it is highest in the cingulate cortex.
    keywords: activity; aging; alpha; alterations; alzheimer; amygdala; amyloid; analysis; assessment; associated; association; atrophy; better; biomarkers; blood; body; body dementia; body disease; brain; cases; cerebrospinal; changes; chat; clinical; cognitive; common; concomitant; core; cortex; cortical; criteria; csf; decline; dementia; diagnosis; different; disease; disease dementia; disorders; dlb; dopaminergic; dysfunction; e. et; early; emission; et al; features; findings; fluid; functional; geriatr; ilbd; imaging; impairment; incidental; institute; j. et; k. et; lbs; levels; lewy; lewy bodies; lewy body; lns; lobe; london; loss; m. et; major; mckeith; med; mild; motor; movement; mri; neurodegenerative; neurol; neurology; neuronal; neuropathol; neuropathological; new; parietal; parkinson; pathological; pathology; patients; pdd; possible; predominant; progression; protein; psychiatry; rapid; rating; reduced; regions; rem; research; review; severe; severity; sleep; specific; staging; studies; study; symptoms; synaptic; syndrome; synuclein; system; tau; temporal; tomography; treatment; type; university
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        item: #5 of 103
          id: fnp-2615
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neurovascular disease
        date: None
       words: 7306
      flesch: 41
     summary: Although current evidence is still scarce and based on experimental animal studies, the possibility that vascular endothelial cells generate molecules that signal to neurons and astrocytes and govern neuronal function warrants future studies. Like in the case of CCMs, failure of brain endothelial cells to acquire or maintain their differentiation state generates aberrant vessels and vascular diseases.
    keywords: accumulation; activation; alterations; alzheimer; amyloid; angiopathy; apoe; arterial; arteriovenous; associated; association; autosomal; avms; barcelona; bbb; blood; brain; c1q; caa; cadasil; calcifications; capillaries; capillary; cavernous; ccm; cdk5; cells; cerebral; cerebrovascular; chen; choroid; clonal; cognitive; complement; controls; deletion; dementia; density; deposits; der; development; diet; discoveries; disease; doi; dysfunction; endmt; endothelial; endothelial cells; et al; expansion; experimental; expression; extracellular; factor; features; findings; flow; forms; function; genes; genetic; gom; growth; hemorrhage; high; hippocampal; htra1; human; hyperintensities; hypoperfusion; imaging; impaired; impairment; increased; induced; infarcts; inflammation; lipid; loss; malformations; markers; matrix; matter; mechanisms; mesenchymal; mice; model; molecular; molecules; monogenic; mouse; mri; mural; mutations; neuronal; neurons; neurovascular; new; notch3; novel; pathogenic; pathology; patients; pericytes; plexus; post; rbpj; recent; reduced; research; response; risk; role; salt; sema3; signaling; small; small vessel; smcs; sox2; specific; sporadic; stem; stiffness; stress; stroke; studies; study; targets; tau; tissue; type; van; vascular; vessel; vessel disease; wang; white; wild
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        item: #6 of 103
          id: fnp-2616
      author: None
       title: Deposits of disease-associated alpha-synuclein may be present in the dura mater in Lewy body disorders: implications for potential inadvertent transmission by surgery
        date: None
       words: 3779
      flesch: 45
     summary: This suggests propagation of alpha-synuclein from the brain and may indicate that dura mater could be a potential risk tissue for inadvertent transmission of alpha-synuclein by dura mater grafts or surgery. Here we assessed the presence of alpha-synuclein in dura mater samples as a potential transmissible seed source.
    keywords: acta; aggregates; alpha; amyloid; angiopathy; antibody; body; braak; brain; cases; cerebral; clone; deposits; different; disease; disorders; dura; dura mater; et al; evidence; experimental; fibres; fig; fixation; ganglion; health; hospital; human; iatrogenic; immunohistochemistry; implications; lbd; lewy; mater; nerve; neurodegenerative; neurol; neuropathol; neuropathological; parkinson; pathology; patients; postmortem; potential; presence; prion; propagation; protein; risk; samples; seeds; source; stage; studies; study; synuclein; system; time; tissue; toronto; transmissibility; transmission; university; vienna
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        item: #7 of 103
          id: fnp-2627
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neuromuscular disease
        date: None
       words: 9126
      flesch: 39
     summary: Three studies published in 2019 (Dzangue-Tchoupou et al., 2019; Greenberg et al., 2019; Knauss et al., 2019) will likely break this impasse by providing a strong support for the autoimmune nature of sIBM: starting with different questions and using different experimental approaches, these studies have demonstrated that terminally differentiated effector memory T cells (so-called TEMRA cells) are enriched in sIBM muscle biopsies (Greenberg et al., 2019; Knauss et al., 2019) as well as peripheral blood of sIBM patients (Dzangue-Tchoupou et al., 2019), and that the presence of these cells is fairly unique for sIBM when compared to other IIMs IMNMs have been linked to autoantibodies against signal recognition particle (SRP) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), but approximately one third of cases is seronegative and requires histopathologic diagnosis (Bergua et al., 2019).
    keywords: activation; acute; addition; advances; afm; age; allenbach; anti; antibodies; antibody; atrophy; biopsies; biopsy; body; cardiac; cases; cause; cd8; cells; checkpoint; clinical; congenital; cord; criteria; csf; d68; dense; development; diagnostic; different; disease; dmd; dystrophy; electron; et al; exon; expression; features; fernandez; fibers; figure; flaccid; form; genetic; greenberg; h&e; hmgcr; human; idiopathic; iim; iims; immune; imnm; impaired; important; inclusion; individuals; inflammatory; interferon; irmg; likely; limb; marker; mechanisms; mhc; model; motor; msa; muscle; muscular; mutations; myelitis; myopathies; myopathy; myositis; necrotizing; negative; neuroglial; neurol; neuromuscular; new; nuclear; p62; particular; pathogenesis; pathway; patients; perifascicular; protein; recent; results; review; rigolet; rna; role; sarcoplasmic; scale; secondary; sequencing; sibm; signal; significant; skeletal; sma; spinal; sporadic; srp; staining; stem; studies; study; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; tissue; treatment; trials; type; unique; variable; weakness; work; year
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        item: #8 of 103
          id: fnp-2634
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neurodegeneration
        date: None
       words: 5548
      flesch: 42
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3333 Grubman, A., Chew, G., Ouyang, J. F., Sun, G., Choo, X. Y., McLean, C., Simmons, R. K., Buckberry, S., Vargas-Landin, D. B., Poppe, D., Pflueger, J., Lister, R., Rackham, O. J. L., Petretto, E., & Polo, J. M. (2019). Acta Neuropathologica, 138(5), 859–876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-019-02043-7 Manfredsson, F. P., Luk, K. C., Benskey, M. J., Gezer, A., Garcia, J., Kuhn, N. C., Sandoval, I. M., Patterson, J. R., O’Mara, A., Yonkers, R., & Kordower, J. H. (2018).
    keywords: age; alzheimer; american; amyloid; analysis; approach; associated; astrocytes; brain; cell; changes; clinical; controls; cortex; cte; data; dementia; disease; encephalopathy; et al; evidence; expression; figure; football; genes; gingivalis; gut; hippocampal; human; huntington; investigators; late; lateral; learning; loss; medicine; molecular; mortem; nelson; neurodegenerative; neurons; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; number; old; paper; parkinson; pathology; patients; play; post; potential; reactive; related; research; rna; school; science; sclerosis; seq; sequencing; single; sleep; spatial; specific; sporadic; spread; studies; study; synuclein; system; tau; tdp-43; tissue; transcriptomics; type; university; years
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        item: #9 of 103
          id: fnp-2639
      author: None
       title: Neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease may be incorrectly classified as a subtype of FTLD-FUS
        date: None
       words: 4891
      flesch: 49
     summary: Therefore, 9/13 cases with FUS immunoreactive inclusions showed striatal atrophy while 0/2 without FUS showed striatal atrophy. A subset of FTLD cases, however, lack tau and TDP-43 immunoreactivity, but have neuronal inclusions positive for ubiquitin, referred to as atypical FTLD (aFTLD-U).
    keywords: acta; acta neuropathol; aftld; atrophy; basophilic; bigio; body; brain; bvftd; cases; clinical; compact; cytoplasmic; degeneration; dementia; diagnosis; dickson; different; disease; electron; et al; evidence; features; figure; filament; frontotemporal; fus; granulofilamentous; hyaline; immunoelectron; immunoreactivity; inclusions; intermediate; internexin; josephs; lateral; lobar; mackenzie; microscopy; motor; negative; neumann; neurofilament; neurol; neurology; neuronal; neuropathol; nifid; nifid cases; pathological; pathology; positive; presence; present; range; sections; striatal; study; subtypes; tau; tdp-43; ubiquitin; years
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        item: #10 of 103
          id: fnp-2662
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neurotrauma
        date: None
       words: 6294
      flesch: 44
     summary: In 2019, this was emphasized by the positive results of a very large clinical trial (CRASH 2019), the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subsequent neuropathology correlation in TBI patients (Griffin, Turtzo et al. 2019) and a pre-clinical model of sub-concussive blast exposure in the rat (Gama Sosa, De Gasperi et al. 2019). Fibrinolysis, with increased concentrations of fibrinogen degradation products, is commonly seen in the brains of acute TBI patients and predicts the development of further intracranial hemorrhagic expansion (Zhang, He et al. 2018).
    keywords: acid; acute; alzheimer; american; animals; approach; authors; blast; brain; cancer; chronic; clinical; concussive; cryo; cte; damage; data; death; development; disability; disease; effects; electron; encephalopathy; et al; evidence; examination; exposure; falcon; field; filaments; findings; football; group; head; hours; imaging; impact; importance; injury; investigation; issues; large; level; long; major; matter; mice; mild; model; months; mri; nature; neurodegenerative; neuropathology; neurotrauma; number; paper; pathology; pathophysiology; patients; pet; players; point; post; professional; research; results; risk; significant; soccer; stewart; studies; study; tau; tbi; term; tranexamic; traumatic; treatment; trial; use; vascular; white; women; year
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        item: #11 of 103
          id: fnp-2671
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neurooncology
        date: None
       words: 7852
      flesch: 50
     summary: However, across the medulloblastoma subgroups (SHH, Group 3, Group 4), as well as PFA ependymoma and pilocytic astrocytomas, the scRNAseq data also demonstrated high levels of single-cell heterogeneity, with evidence of multiple lineages of differentiation and tumor cells matching different time points in the differentiation hierarchy [5]. Furthermore, perturbation of AMPA receptors and use of an AMPA receptor antagonist reduced calcium-related invasiveness of tumor cells and of glioma growth.
    keywords: 1p/19q; acta; alterations; amsterdam; analysis; authors; biopsy; brain; cancer; cells; central; cerebellar; chromosome; classification; clinical; cns; cohort; csf; ctdna; diagnosis; different; diffuse; discoveries; dna; e.g.; et al; evolution; fig; findings; fossa; glioblastoma; glioma; grade; group; growth; h3k27me3; heterogeneity; high; idh; immune; important; improved; information; invasion; lack; like; liquid; low; markers; matter; medulloblastomas; methylation; methylome; molecular; mutant; mutation; nature; nervous; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; non; notch1; nuclear; nuclei; oligodendroglioma; oncological; papers; particular; pathology; patients; personalized; positive; posterior; recent; recurrent; refined; response; review; shh; signaling; single; sox2; specific; staining; stem; studies; study; subgroups; subtypes; survival; synapses; synaptic; system; therapy; time; topic; tracts; tumor; vaccination; white; wildtype; wnt
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        item: #12 of 103
          id: fnp-2672
      author: None
       title: Top ten discoveries of the year: Neurodevelopmental disorders
        date: None
       words: 12334
      flesch: 42
     summary: This coordinated development provides the architecture for the expansion of behavioral and cognitive abilities, especially rapid in the first years, but also especially vulnerable to genetic and/or environmental insults leading to developmental brain disorders. These findings revealed molecular pathways that are commonly altered in different forms of developmental brain disorders, both of genetic and environmental origin and new players are starting to be recognized such as genomic regulatory elements.
    keywords: a.d; a.r; abnormal; abnormalities; activity; adar; adhd; adult; advances; age; alleles; analysis; asd; association; atlas; authors; autism; autistic; axon; brain; brain development; brain disorders; cell; cellular; cerebral; changes; chen; children; clinical; coding; cohort; colleagues; common; complex; connectivity; consortium; control; cortex; cortical; counsell; cross; d.h; data; development; diagnostic; different; diffusion; dimensional; disease; disorders; distinct; dlpfc; dsm; dti; dynamic; early; editing; edwards; elements; et al; events; expression; features; fetal; fetal brain; fiber; field; findings; fmr1; functional; fxs; gabrieli; genes; genetic; genome; genomics; geschwind; gestational; group; growth; hajnal; higher; human; human brain; imaging; important; individual; induced; intellectual; j.a; j.v; khan; kim; large; levels; liu; loci; long; m.a; magnetic; matter; maturation; mechanisms; model; molecular; mri; mrna; multiple; mutation; nat; network; neural; neurodevelopmental; neuroimage; neuronal; neurons; neuropathology; neurosci; new; non; number; organoids; patients; patterns; pluripotent; postmortem; prefrontal; processes; psychiatric; range; recent; regions; regulation; resonance; resting; results; retrotransposition; retrotransposons; rev; risk; rna; role; s.a; s.j; samples; schizophrenia; scrna; sequencing; single; sites; small; somatic; specific; spectrum; state; stem; structural; studies; study; symptoms; synaptic; syndrome; systems; tissue; tools; tract; trajectories; types; understanding; utero; van; variants; white; wide; years
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        item: #13 of 103
          id: fnp-2736
      author: None
       title: Neuropathologists play a key role in establishing the extent of COVID-19 in human patients
        date: None
       words: 2247
      flesch: 51
     summary: ACE2 is expressed in airway epithelia, lung parenchyma, vascular endothelia, kidney cells, small intestine cells (Li et al., 2020) and also in the brain, particularly in glial cells and neurons (Baig et al., 2020). In this same study, the authors showed evidence of viral replication in primary and porcine astrocytes and human glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines (Li et al., 2016).
    keywords: ace2; angiotensin; astrocytes; baig; brain; brainstem; cells; china; coronavirus; cov2; covid-19; disease; enzyme; et al; evidence; expression; extent; human; infected; infection; manifestations; mers; mice; neurological; neuronal; nucleus; patients; potential; respiratory; sars; severe; studies; study; syndrome; system; transgenic; wang
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        item: #14 of 103
          id: fnp-2749
      author: None
       title: Optimizing filter trap assay for the detection of aggregated alpha-synuclein in brain samples
        date: None
       words: 1678
      flesch: 39
     summary: Brain samples were lysed with the “Precellys 24™” tissue homogenizer (Bertin technologies, Cat# P000669-PR240-A, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France) followed by a brief sonication (one minute, 5 seconds on, 5 seconds off, amplitude 70%; VCX130 ultrasonic processor with a 6 mm probe, Sonics and Materials, Newton, CT, USA) either in (i) radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer (Merck Millipore, Cat# 20-188, Molsheim, France) containing 2 mM orthovanadate (Sigma, Cat# S6505, Saint Quentin Fallavier, France), 1% (v/v) phosphatase inhibitor cocktail III (Sigma, Cat# P0044) and a protease inhibitors cocktail (Roche, Cat# 14424700, Meylan, France) at 4°C; (ii) ‘Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) buffer’ containing 1% (w/v) SDS, 2 mM orthovanadate (Sigma, Cat# S6505) and 1% (v/v) phosphatase inhibitor cocktail III (Sigma, Cat# P0044); (iii) ‘Urea buffer’ containing 7 M urea (Sigma, Cat# T7875), 2 M thiourea (Sigma, Cat# L3771), 4% (v/v) CHAPS (Sigma, Cat# C3023), 2 mM orthovanadate (Sigma, Cat# S6505), 1% (v/v) phosphatase inhibitor cocktail III (Sigma, Cat# P0044) and a protease inhibitors cocktail (Roche, Cat# 14424700). Twenty µg of these supernatants were subjected to vacuum filtration through a 96-well dot blot apparatus (Bio-Rad, Cat# 1706545, Marnes-la-Coquette, France) with 0.45 µM pore size cellulose acetate (Sterlitech, Cat# CA0453001, Kent, USA), nitrocellulose (ThermoFisher Scientific, Cat# 77010) or PVDF membranes (ThermoFisher Scientific, Cat# 88518).
    keywords: aggregates; alpha; antibodies; assay; blot; brain; buffer; cat; cocktail; detection; disease; dlb; dot; ep1536y; figure; filter; france; lysates; lysis; membranes; mjfr1; nantes; nitrocellulose; oligomeric; protein; ripa; samples; scientific; sigma; synuclein; thermofisher; trap; urea
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        item: #15 of 103
          id: fnp-2813
      author: None
       title: Multiple system atrophy - a clinicopathological update
        date: None
       words: 18540
      flesch: 49
     summary: [182] Carré G et al. (2020) Brain MRI of multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type: a prospective study with implications for diagnosis criteria, J Neurol 267:1269-77. [185] Benarroch EE et al. (2006) Involvement of vagal autonomic nuclei in multiple system atrophy and Lewy body disease, Neurology 66:378-83.
    keywords: accumulation; acta; activation; affected; age; aggregates; aggregation; alpha; altered; analysis; animal; approach; areas; association; ataxia; atypical; autonomic; autopsy; available; basis; benarroch; binding; biomarkers; bodies; body; brain; c et; cases; cell; cerebellar; changes; clinical; clinicopathological; cns; cognitive; cohort; combined; commun; consensus; coq2; cortical; criteria; cross; current; cytoplasmic; data; definite; degeneration; dementia; density; diagnosis; different; differential; diffusion; disease; disord; disorder; distinct; distribution; dlb; doi; dopa; dopamine; duration; dysfunction; dysregulation; e et; early; effects; et al; evidence; exp; experimental; expression; factors; failure; features; fig; filaments; findings; fluid; formation; frequent; frontal; ganglia; gcis; genetic; human; imaging; impairment; implications; inclusions; increase; involved; involvement; iron; j et; j neurol; jellinger; k et; koga; lancet; lesions; levels; lewy; like; loss; m et; matter; mechanisms; medullary; meta; mice; microglial; mild; models; moderate; mol; molecular; mortem; motor; mouse; mov; mov disord; mri; msa; msa patients; multiple system; myelin; nerve; nervous; neurobiol; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; neurol; neurology; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; neuropathological; neuropathology; neurosci; neurosurg; non; novel; nucleus; oligodendrocytes; oligodendroglial; oligomers; olivopontocerebellar; online; onset; opca; palsy; parkinson; parkinsonism; pathogenesis; pathogenic; pathological; pathology; patients; peripheral; pet; polymorphisms; pontine; positive; possible; post; potential; preclinical; primary; prion; probable; progression; propagation; prospective; protein; psp; psychiatry; pure; putamen; putaminal; quantitative; rare; recent; red; reduced; regions; review; risk; role; s et; severe; significant; signs; sleep; snca; snd; specific; specificity; spinal; spreading; stages; strains; striatonigral; studies; study; supranuclear; survival; sympathetic; symptoms; syndrome; synuclein; synucleinopathy; system atrophy; systems; targeting; tau; therapeutic; tissue; transgenic; transmission; treatment; tremor; type; variants; vienna; white; widespread; years; αsyn
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        item: #16 of 103
          id: fnp-2817
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology through the ages – personal reflections: The golden era of neuropathology
        date: None
       words: 19589
      flesch: 55
     summary: It was a pleasure and privilege to collaborate with Bob for many years on these challenging issues, and to make many good friends in the prion surveillance system, including Heino Diringer, Paul Brown, James Ironside, Maurizio Pocchiari, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Inga Zerr, Pawel Liberski…. With regard to BSE, vCJD and other human prion diseases, it became clear that scientific advice on risk mitigation has resulted in almost complete disappearance of classical BSE, a real success story, whereas other prion problems persist [16].
    keywords: 1st; acta; addition; adriano; advice; afternoon; age; aids; akh; american; area; atmosphere; auschwitz; austrian; author; autopsies; autopsy; available; beautiful; beef; best; blue; bob; body; book; brain; bse; budka; budka h; building; career; cases; cells; central; centre; chance; city; cjd; classical; classification; clinical; colleagues; countries; course; crisis; czech; daily; day; days; decades; detailed; diagnostic; difficult; director; discipline; discussions; disease; doctors; early; eminent; encephalitis; end; established; european; excellent; experience; fact; family; famous; father; feeling; ferenc; field; fig; food; free; friends; future; gabor; gelpi; general; german; giant; glass; good; great; group; guy; haberler; habilitation; hainfellner; half; hand; hans; happy; head; help; high; history; hiv; home; hospital; huge; human; ihc; important; india; infections; institute; institution; interested; interesting; international; involved; italy; jellinger; kids; kin; knowledge; kovacs; kurt; large; lassmann; later; lecture; left; life; like; little; long; look; lucien; lucky; media; medical; medicine; meetings; members; memories; microscope; microscoping; nazi; need; nervous; neurochemistry; neurological; neurology; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; non; number; obersteiner; old; order; original; parma; particular; patients; paul; people; period; personal; piano; place; play; position; postdocs; present; prion; prize; problem; professional; professor; protein; proud; psychiatry; public; publication; question; reason; recognised; recognition; reflections; regard; regular; research; researchers; retirement; right; risk; room; row; rubinstein; safety; samples; schedule; school; science; scientific; scientists; second; seitelberger; series; single; site; situation; slides; small; society; special; specific; staff; start; step; strange; strong; students; studies; study; successful; summer; system; teaching; tennis; time; tokyo; topic; town; tradition; training; tumour; type; understanding; university; unusual; vascular; victims; vienna; viral; virus; visit; war; way; weeks; white; wife; work; working; world; years; young; zurich; łodz
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        item: #17 of 103
          id: fnp-2818
      author: None
       title: Studies on inflammation and stroke provide clues to pathomechanism of central nervous system involvement in COVID-19
        date: None
       words: 4113
      flesch: 46
     summary: Thus, while focal neuropathologies appear to be frequent in severe cases, the extent of associated brain infection remains unclear presently. Recent reports have described patients with ischaemic stroke complicating COVID-19 infection, often manifesting as large-vessel infarcts occurring in multiple territories and associated with features of prothrombotic coagulopathy3,40,41.
    keywords: activation; analysis; antagonist; associated; autonomic; axis; behavior; brain; cases; cell; central; centre; cerebral; cerebrovascular; chen; clinical; clues; cns; coagulation; complications; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; csf; cytokines; data; disease; doi; effects; encephalitis; endothelial; experimental; failure; findings; function; high; hpa; hungary; il-6; ill; immune; immunity; impact; important; increase; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; injury; institute; involvement; journal; lessons; levels; liu; major; manchester; mechanisms; medicine; microglia; models; mortality; mri; nervous; neurological; neurology; neurons; olfactory; outcome; patients; platelet; post; recent; receptor; reports; research; respiratory; response; risk; role; sars; severe; severity; spread; stroke; studies; symptoms; syndrome; system; systemic; thrombosis; university; viral; virology; virus; wang; zhang; zhao
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        item: #18 of 103
          id: fnp-2819
      author: None
       title: Treatment of autoimmune encephalomyelitis with a histone deacetylase inhibitor: Analyzing the role of immune-response genes
        date: None
       words: 8951
      flesch: 57
     summary: Autoimmune-prone female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice immunized with the MOG35-55 peptide consistently induced severe and long-lasting progressive EAE (PEAE) in 100% of animals characterized by paralysis of fore and hind limbs with (Slavin et al., 1998; Hidaka et al., 2014; Dang et al., 2015) or without discernible remissions (Basso et al., 2008; Jayaraman et al., 2017; 2018). Regardless, PEAE induced in NOD mice mimics features of progressive MS including the life-long disease, prominent demyelination, axonal loss, and astrogliosis (Slavin et al., 1998; Basso et al., 2008; Hidaka et al., 2014; Dang et al., 2015; Jayaraman et al., 2017; 2018), and hence is ideal for testing the efficacy of new drugs to treat progressive MS.
    keywords: age; analysis; autoimmune; bars; blood; ccl2; cd274; cells; chemokine; clinical; cns; control; cord; csf; data; day; deacetylase; diabetes; disease; dmso; drug; eae; effect; encephalomyelitis; epigenetic; et al; experimental; expression; factor; female; fig; foxp3; gene expression; genes; group; hdac11; hidaka; histone; https://doi.org.10.1016; ifn; il-27; immunization; immunized; immunol; individual; induction; influence; inhibitor; jayaraman; jayaraman et; levels; lymphoid; mean; mice; mif; model; modifier; mog35; multiple; nat; nod; patel; patients; peae; peptide; peripheral; point; prabhakar; previous; progressive; regulation; regulatory; repressed; response; rna; role; sclerosis; sem; slo; specific; spinal; statistical; supplementary; system; th17; time; tissues; tolerance; transcription; treatment; triplicate; tsa; tsa treatment; upregulated; weeks
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        item: #19 of 103
          id: fnp-2845
      author: None
       title: Clustering of activated microglia occurs before the formation of dystrophic neurites in the evolution of Aβ plaques in Alzheimer’s disease.
        date: None
       words: 8472
      flesch: 56
     summary: Clustering of activated microglia occurs before the formation of dystrophic neurites in the evolution of Aβ plaques in Alzheimer’s disease. Feel free to add comments by clicking these icons on the sidebar Free Neuropathology 1:20 (2020) Original Paper Clustering of activated microglia occurs before the formation of dystrophic neurites in the evolution of Aβ plaques in Alzheimer’s disease.
    keywords: acta; activated; activation; ad cases; affected; age; aging; alzheimer; amyloid; analysis; australia; aβ plaques; bar; beta; betz; braak; brain; cases; cells; centre; changes; clinical; clustering; clusters; consistent; controls; cored; cortex; cortical; counts; data; demented; dementia; dense; density; deposition; deposits; development; diffuse; disease; dns; double; dystrophic; dystrophic microglia; early; et al; evidence; extent; fibrillar; fig; figure; findings; formation; high; higher; hoechst; hpcs; human; iba1; image; immunolabelling; immunoreactivity; individual; insoluble; itc; levels; loss; microglia; microscopy; model; morphological; mortem; motor; mouse; nat; neurites; neuritic; neurofibrillary; neurol; neuronal; neuropathol; neuropathological; neurosci; nfts; non; nts; pathological; pathology; plaques; pmc; positive; post; presence; primary; processes; quantification; ramified; regional; regions; response; scale; sections; sequence; significant; soma; staining; streit; study; subtypes; sydney; table; tangles; tau; tau pathology; test; thickness; tissue; total; ttau; type; university
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        item: #20 of 103
          id: fnp-2903
      author: None
       title: Reflections on an unconventional neuropathology career
        date: None
       words: 10361
      flesch: 54
     summary: Trevor told me that he was hoping to obtain funds to support a Junior Research Officer post in his department that would be devoted to muscle disease research. This period of full-time research reinforced my passion for investigating brain diseases of which there seemed so many without an effective treatment, in part a consequence of inadequate understanding of the disease process – hardly surprising given the complexity of the nervous system and the difficulty of accessing brain tissue during the course of many of these diseases.
    keywords: able; alzheimer; anatomy; antibody; best; biopsies; brain; career; cases; cells; children; clinical; common; condition; consultant; course; damage; david; day; dementia; department; development; diagnostic; disease; distribution; electron; encephalitis; esiri; experience; fig; findings; frozen; gordon; herpes; hippocampus; histopathology; home; hospital; house; hughes; human; ian; immunohistology; important; inflammatory; interest; john; knowledge; laboratory; leprosy; lesions; light; long; material; medical; microscope; months; mortem; multiple; muscle; myopathies; nerve; nervous; neuropathology; neuropathology department; new; nigeria; officer; oppenheimer; oxford; patients; people; post; professor; radcliffe; registration; research; samples; science; sclerosis; sections; short; simplex; small; specialty; stains; students; studies; study; system; tangles; teaching; time; tissue; training; trevor; university; use; virus; way; work; working; years; zoster
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        item: #21 of 103
          id: fnp-2911
      author: None
       title: Neuronal Transcriptome from C9orf72 Repeat Expanded Human Tissue is Associated with Loss of C9orf72 Function
        date: None
       words: 8403
      flesch: 49
     summary: 7. C. P. Cali et al., C9orf72 intermediate repeats are associated with corticobasal degeneration, increased C9orf72 expression and disruption of autophagy. O. M. Peters et al., Human C9ORF72 Hexanucleotide Expansion Reproduces RNA Foci and Dipeptide Repeat Proteins but Not Neurodegeneration in BAC Transgenic Mice.
    keywords: acta; aggregates; als; alterations; alternative; amyotrophic; analysis; apr; associated; binding; brain; c9orf72; c9orf72 expansion; c9orf72 mutation; c9orf72 protein; c9orf72 repeat; carriers; cases; cell; changes; component; controls; correlation; damage; data; dataset; depletion; differential; dipeptide; disease; dna; elements; et al; example; exon; expansion; expansion carriers; expression; fig; files; foci; fold; frontotemporal; ftd; function; gain; genes; genic; hexanucleotide; hnrnp; human; intron; jul; lateral; loss; methylation; mild; models; motor; mutation; neurodegeneration; neuronal; neurons; non; normal; nuclear; nuclei; pathology; pathways; pc2; pearson; principal; promoter; protein; reads; reduced; related; repair; repeat; repeat expansion; response; rna; sclerosis; sep; sex; significant; sites; sorted; splicing; studies; table; tdp-43; tissue; toxic; toxicity; trafficking; transcriptome; transport; upregulated; usa; values; variation; vesicle; wide
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        item: #22 of 103
          id: fnp-2920
      author: None
       title: Enteric synucleinopathy: from trendy concept to real entity.
        date: None
       words: 4874
      flesch: 45
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-010-0664-3 4. Gelpi E, Navarro-Otano J, Tolosa E, et al (2014) Multiple organ involvement by alpha-synuclein pathology in Lewy body disorders. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.25776 5. Punsoni M, Friedman JH, Resnick M, et al (2019)
    keywords: acta; aggregates; aggregation; alpha; amino; amplification; amyloid; analysis; antibody; appendix; biochemical; biopsies; bodies; body; brain; cholinergic; cns; colonic; concept; controls; data; deposits; derkinderen; disease; disorders; ens; enteric; et al; expression; fibrils; figure; findings; forms; france; ganglion; gastrointestinal; gut; human; immunohistochemical; important; length; lewy; like; loss; molecular; myenteric; nantes; nervous; neurodegenerative; neurol; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; neurosci; neuroscience; nigra; parkinson; pathological; pathology; patients; peripheral; phosphorylation; physiological; plexus; pmca; present; protein; questions; specific; studies; subjects; substantia; synuclein; synucleinopathy; system; tau; tauopathies; terminal; tract
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        item: #23 of 103
          id: fnp-2933
      author: None
       title: Between two worlds - Life in neuropathology and beyond
        date: None
       words: 5510
      flesch: 54
     summary: First it fused with University College Hospital London (UCHL) to become “Unisex” for a couple of years while the new UCHL was built. This donation was, by the way, the seed from which the Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies at University College London later blossomed.
    keywords: airport; applied; army; august; bank; belsen; bergen; books; brain; british; chair; clinical; college; consultant; country; couple; department; director; diseases; edition; end; england; examination; family; fig; free; grant; greenfield; help; histopathology; hospital; hungarian; hungary; inclusions; institute; iop; king; lantos; large; late; life; london; maudsley; medical; middlesex; money; mother; nervous; neurology; neuropathology; new; people; peter; phd; place; plays; professor; project; psychiatry; publisher; research; retirement; school; scientific; second; senior; small; state; summer; system; szeged; time; tumours; university; way; work; world; years; young
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        item: #24 of 103
          id: fnp-2934
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology, my friend – on the paths of being and non-being
        date: None
       words: 8171
      flesch: 61
     summary: The mirror of sufferings Black Water, Swirling Time Neuropathology laboratory – without a boss As chief physician of the Department of Neurology Deus ex machina Under the wings of Pécs and Budapest A young man slips through the Iron Curtain – The Neurologisches Institut Steps towards rare diseases Efforts to diagnose an undiagnosable disease Establishment of the Hungarian Society of Clinical Neurogenetics, Szombathely, 1997 Autopsy at night Changing times – changing diseases Among patients and colleagues – Establishment of the West Pannon Neurological Forum, Szombathely, 1998 Spotlight on rare diseases The music of the 21st century “The dead teach us” (Hic mortui vivos docent)   I often encountered rare diseases.
    keywords: amyloidosis; article; artist; autopsy; black; books; brain; bratislava; brittig; budapest; budka; cases; central; ceramic; chief; clinic; clinical; country; day; death; department; diseases; doctors; doi; early; encephalitis; establishment; events; fabry; family; ferenc; fig; forum; friend; future; garzuly; garzuly f; geszler; györgy; hallervorden; head; histological; hospital; human; hungarian; hungary; institute; interesting; iron; jellinger; known; kálmán; környey; laboratory; large; later; lecture; life; like; maria; markusovszky; medical; meeting; member; molecular; music; mutation; nervous; neurogenetics; neurological; neurologist; neurology; neuropathology; neurorehabilitation; new; night; number; old; pathological; pathology; patients; physician; professor; psychiatry; pécs; rare; reports; romhányi; room; scientific; seitelberger; similar; society; symptoms; syndrome; system; szombathely; teaching; time; transthyretin; tóth; university; vienna; war; west; wife; work; world; years; young
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        item: #25 of 103
          id: fnp-2945
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology through the ages - My life between neurology and neuropathology
        date: None
       words: 11944
      flesch: 46
     summary: Between February and August 1963, I worked part-time as guest at the Institute of Pathology, Vienna Medical University, chaired by Hans Chiari, where I performed general autopsies and brain cutting. In the meantime, I worked as guest doctor without salary in the Franz Josef Hospital in Vienna, within the department of Internal Medicine and Surgery, directed by Prof. Herbert Kraus, later chairman of the first Department of Neurosurgery of Vienna Medical School.
    keywords: acta; addition; age; alzheimer; april; assistant; association; attems; august; austrian; autopsy; award; bancher; basis; beautiful; beginning; biopsies; book; brain; budapest; career; chairman; changes; chapter; chief; children; china; chinese; christian; city; classification; clinical; cns; colleagues; congress; cooperation; cord; cross; cutting; data; death; dedicated; dementia; department; diagnosis; difficult; director; diseases; disorders; division; doctor; early; edition; editor; elisabeth; encephalitis; end; excellent; experienced; fig; following; franz; free; friend; german; group; guest; hans; head; health; herbert; home; hospital; human; institute; international; island; january; japan; jellinger; johannes; lab; large; lassmann; later; lbi; lectures; lesions; lewy; life; lymphomas; malignant; march; material; medical; medicine; meeting; member; mrs; msa; multiple; nervous; neurobiology; neurochemistry; neurodegenerative; neurological; neurologist; neurology; neuropathological; neuropathology; neuroscience; neurosurgery; new; number; obersteiner; october; parkinson; particular; patients; paulus; people; peter; position; postmortem; press; primary; private; prof; professor; psychiatry; publications; radiation; reasons; red; research; routine; russian; school; sciences; scientific; second; seitelberger; september; series; service; small; society; spinal; students; studies; study; summer; symposium; syndrome; system; technical; time; tokyo; training; tumors; university; usa; vascular; vienna; werner; wife; wolfgang; wonderful; work; working; world; years; york; young
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        item: #26 of 103
          id: fnp-2955
      author: None
       title: Quantitative proteomic profiling of white matter in cases of cerebral amyloid angiopathy reveals upregulation of extracellular matrix proteins and clusterin
        date: None
       words: 5559
      flesch: 52
     summary: Introduction Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by the deposition of amyloid proteins including amyloid beta (Aβ), cystatin C, prion protein, ABri/ADan, transthyretin, gelsolin and immunoglobulin light chain amyloid (1) in the walls of leptomenigeal arteries and cortical arterioles (CAA-Type 2) (2) and in the walls of arteries or capillaries (CAA-Type 1), but rarely in the walls of venules (1-3). Demonstrating a reduced capacity for removal of fluid from cerebral white matter and hypoxia in areas of white matter hyperintensity associated with age and dementia.
    keywords: acta; adhesion; aging; alpha; altered; alzheimer; amyloid; analysis; angiopathy; arteries; association; basement; beta; binding; biol; brain; caa; carare; cases; cell; cerebral; changes; clearance; clusterin; col4a2; collagen; controls; decreased; degrading; desmoplakin; disease; domain; drainage; dysfunction; emilin-2; emilin2; enrichment; enzyme; et al; expression; extracellular; failure; figure; fluid; grey; hawkes; hbg1; hspg2; hyperintensities; hypoxia; ide; insulin; integrin; interstitial; intramural; ipad; key; leptomeningeal; matrix; matter; membranes; metacore; mitochondrial; mortem; neurobiol; neuropathol; pathophysiology; pathways; patients; peptides; periarterial; perivascular; post; present; profiling; proteins; proteomic; quantitative; ratios; research; results; role; roxana; sample; sharp; significant; small; southampton; studies; study; subunit; sulfate; supplementary; table; tissue; upregulated; upregulation; usa; vessel; walls; weller; white; white matter; wmh
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        item: #27 of 103
          id: fnp-2956
      author: None
       title: The ’Accidental Neuropathologist' – on 40 Years in Neuropathology
        date: None
       words: 12337
      flesch: 53
     summary: I flatter myself to think that overseas visitors who spent significant time at UCLA Neuropathology – Gilbert JJ, Vinters HV.
    keywords: 1990s; abnormalities; academic; accepted; agents; aging; aids; alberta; alzheimer; amazing; american; amyloid; anders; angeles; angiopathy; arthur; author; authored; autopsy; avms; basic; bbb; biology; brain; caa; california; campus; canada; cancilla; career; cases; cells; center; cepeda; cerebral; cerebrovascular; changes; chen; chief; children; chui; city; clinical; clinicopathologic; cns; collaboration; colleagues; coming; complex; cortical; course; creative; culture; data; david; days; decision; dementia; department; diagnostic; disease; drs; dublin; dysplasia; early; ellis; epilepsy; excellent; experimental; faculty; family; farrell; father; fellow; fig; figure; friend; funding; gilbert; grandparents; grant; great; group; high; hiv; home; hospital; human; important; individuals; initial; insights; interested; interesting; intractable; investigators; iowa; jcek; joe; journal; karl; kaufmann; l.a; laboratory; large; later; lesions; life; london; los; major; manuscript; medical; medicine; member; michael; microvessels; molecular; months; neurology; neuropathologists; neuropathology; neuroscience; neurosurgeon; new; nih; nobel; observation; ontario; opportunity; paper; pardridge; pathogenesis; patients; paul; pediatric; people; position; possibility; productive; program; projects; publication; report; research; review; school; scientific; sclerosis; seizures; set; significant; skills; small; southern; specimens; staff; stroke; studies; study; summer; surgery; syndrome; time; tissue; today; tomiyasu; trainees; training; travel; tsc; tuberous; tubers; ucla; understanding; unique; university; usa; use; uwo; vascular; vinters; vinters hv; william; work; working; world; years; zarow
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        item: #28 of 103
          id: fnp-2971
      author: None
       title: Loss of Ramified Microglia Precedes Axonal Spheroid Formation in Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy with Axonal Spheroids.
        date: None
       words: 7094
      flesch: 48
     summary: Saudi Arabia alturkustani.murad@gmail.com Submitted: 22 August 2020 Accepted: 9 September 2020 Copyedited by: Deanna C. Fang and Henry Robbert Published: 5 October 2020 https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2020-2971 Additional resources and electronic supplementary material: supplementary material Keywords: Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids, Leukodystrophy, Microglia, Axonal spheroids, White matter, HDLS, ALSP Abstract Two different pathological mechanisms have been suggested to underlie adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (ALAS). Ramified microglia loss in these areas are significant as reactive microglia should be present in areas with white matter pathology.
    keywords: absence; acta; adjacent; adult; affected; alas; amoeboid; anti; app; areas; association; axonal; axonal pathology; axonal spheroids; axons; bar; better; brain; cases; cells; changes; colony; complete; conclusions; correlation; cortical; csf1r; degeneration; different; diffuse; distribution; features; fibers; figure; findings; following; frequent; function; hereditary; higher; hla; hpf; hypoxic; iba1; images; immunopositive; immunostaining; injury; ischemic; lesions; leukodystrophy; leukoencephalopathy; lfb; loss; magnification; marked; matter; mechanisms; microglia; microglia loss; microgliopathy; moderate; morphological; mutations; myelinated; neurol; neuropathol; normal; onset; pathogenesis; pathological; pathology; patients; phenotype; pigmented; presence; preservation; previous; processes; progression; ramified; ramified microglia; reactive; receptor; results; role; scale; scale bar; score; small; spheroids; stage; staining; studies; study; subcortical; system; tada; traumatic; university; van; white; white matter
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        item: #29 of 103
          id: fnp-2993
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology of COVID-19 (neuro-COVID): clinicopathological update
        date: None
       words: 8531
      flesch: 53
     summary: Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. Naqvi AAT, Fatima K, Mohammad T, et al.
    keywords: ace2; acta; acute; alzheimer; angiotensin; anosmia; antibodies; assay; associated; autoimmune; autopsies; autopsy; barré; biol; blood; brain; brainstem; bulb; care; cases; cells; central; cerebral; cerebrospinal; changes; chen; china; chronic; clinical; cns; coagulopathy; colleagues; common; control; converting; coronavirus; coronavirus disease; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; csf; cytokine; damage; department; detectable; detection; diagnosis; direct; disease; disorders; doi:10.1016; dysfunction; early; electron; emergency; encephalitis; encephalopathy; endothelial; engl; entry; enzyme; et al; evidence; expression; features; figure; findings; fluid; gbs; guillain; gustatory; health; hemorrhages; high; human; ihc; immune; infarcts; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; int; ischemic; jama; january; laboratory; lancet; likely; long; lymphocytic; lymphoid; manifestations; med; medicine; medulla; meningoencephalitis; microglial; microscopy; microthrombi; mild; nasal; necrotizing; need; nervous; neurological; neurons; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; nodules; novel; nucleocapsid; olfactory; online; pandemic; parenchymal; pathology; patients; pcr; positive; presence; present; prevalence; protein; receptor; report; respiratory; response; retrospective; review; risk; rna; route; sars; school; sci; sensitivity; series; severe; small; specific; spectrum; spike; stroke; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; system; systemic; table; testing; tissue; type; usa; use; vascular; viral; wang; world; zhang
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        item: #30 of 103
          id: fnp-3025
      author: None
       title: Aβ plaques
        date: None
       words: 28439
      flesch: 63
     summary: Portions of this work were supported by the MetLife Foundation, CART Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung, and by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants P01 AG026423, P50 AG025688, R21 NS077049, and ORIP/OD P51 OD011132. References 1. Nelson, P.T., et al., Correlation of Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes with cognitive status: a review of the literature. Selkoe, D.J., Biology of β-amyloid precursor protein and the mechanism of Alzheimer disease, in Alzheimer Disease, R.D. Terry, et al., Editors. 1999, Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins Philadelphia.
    keywords: 20μm; aberrant; abnormal; abundant; acad; accumulation; acid; acta; activation; addition; advanced; aged; agents; aggregated; aggregation; aging; alzheimer; alzheimer disease; amino; amyloid; amyloid angiopathy; amyloid beta; amyloid deposits; amyloid fibrils; amyloid plaques; amyloid protein; amyloidosis; analysis; angiopathy; animal; ann; antibodies; antibody; app; apparent; assembly; associated; association; astrocytes; aβ deposition; aβ deposits; aβ plaques; aβ protein; aβ40; aβ42; bar; beta; beta plaques; binding; biochemical; biol; biology; braak; brain; brain amyloid; caa; capillary; cases; cells; cellular; center; century; cerebral; cerebral amyloid; cerebral aβ; certain; changes; characteristics; characterization; chem; chemical; classical; clinical; cognitive; cold; colleagues; commun; component; congo; core; corona; correlates; cortex; cotton; counterstain; curr; d.j; d.m; d.r; dementia; dense; deposition; deposits; der; development; different; diffuse; diffuse plaques; discovery; disease; disease brain; disorders; distinct; distribution; diverse; dutch; dystrophic; early; editors; elderly; electron; elements; end; et al; evidence; exp; expression; extracellular; factors; familial; fibrils; figure; findings; fischer; following; formation; function; für; general; genetic; glial; growth; harb; harbor; hemorrhage; hereditary; heterogeneity; high; histologic; hormone; human; hypothesis; images; imaging; immunoreactive; important; increase; infectious; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; insights; j.c; jucker; known; l.c; large; left; lesions; life; like; likely; literature; little; living; long; mass; material; mechanisms; med; methods; mice; microbes; microglia; microscope; misfolding; models; modifications; modified; molecular; molecules; monoclonal; mouse; multiple; mutation; nat; natl; nature; neurites; neuritic; neuritic plaques; neurobiol; neurodegenerative; neurofibrillary; neuroinflammation; neurol; neurology; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; neuropathology; neurosci; new; nissl; nonhuman; note; numerous; oligomers; origin; parenchyma; pathobiology; pathogenesis; pathology; patients; peptide; perspect; pet; phase; pib; plaques; post; potential; precursor; presence; present; press; primates; prion; proc; processes; production; properties; protein; prusiner; psychiatrie; quantitative; reactive; red; redlich; reference; region; related; relationship; remains; rep; res; research; rev; review; right; risk; role; s.b; science; section; seeded; seeding; seeds; self; selkoe; senile; senile plaques; silver; similar; small; source; space; species; specific; spring; stage; staining; strains; structure; studies; study; subjects; syndrome; system; tangles; tau; tauopathy; term; terminal; thal; therapeutic; time; tissue; toxic; transgenic; translational; treatment; trem2; type; und; university; variant; vivo; walker; wisniewski; wool; years; york; über
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        item: #31 of 103
          id: fnp-3049
      author: None
       title: Inhibiting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier does not ameliorate synucleinopathy in the absence of inflammation or metabolic deficits
        date: None
       words: 9180
      flesch: 50
     summary: However, in the PFF and viral vector αSyn models, we did not detect changes in inflammation or evidence for autophagy deficits at the survival times we studied. For the AAV αSyn over-expression model, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), αSyn pSer129 and nitrated αSyn-positive cells were counted in the SNpc and SNpr in a series of seven sections at an interval of six sections at 40 μm thickness (240 μm intervals).
    keywords: aav; abcam; absence; aggregation; analysis; animals; anti; antibody; aon; area; associated; autophagy; binomial; brain; cells; changes; chow; contralateral; data; deficits; diabetes; differences; different; disease; dysfunction; effects; experimental; fewer; fig; free; ftaa; gfp; group; high; images; inflammation; inflammatory; injected; injection; insoluble; institute; insulin; ipsilateral; leads; levels; low; membrane; metabolic; mice; microglial; min; mitochondrial; mixed; model; months; motor; mouse; mpc; msdc-0160; multiple; negative; neurons; nitrated; olfactory; overexpression; parkinson; pathology; pbs; pff; pffs; pioglitazone; placebo; plasma; positive; post; presence; primary; progressive; protein; pser129; quantification; rat; rats; regression; samples; sarkosyl; sections; seeding; sem; signal; significant; soluble; staining; study; supplementary; surgery; synuclein; system; testing; time; timepoint; tissue; total; treatment; vector; viral; weeks; αsyn; αsyn pser129
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        item: #32 of 103
          id: fnp-3050
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology of the Alzheimer’s continuum: an update
        date: None
       words: 23454
      flesch: 56
     summary: Alzheimers Dement 9:63-75 e62 7. Long JM, Holtzman DM (2019) Alzheimer disease: an update on pathobiology and treatment strategies. Adv Exp Med Biol 1184:187-203 12. Kisler K, Nelson AR, Montagne A, Zlokovic BV (2017) Cerebral blood flow regulation and neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer disease.
    keywords: absence; accumulation; acta; acta neuropathol; activation; activity; ad brain; ad cases; ad pathology; additional; adnc; affected; age; aggregates; aggregation; aging; alzheimer; alzheimer disease; amnestic; amyloid; amyloid angiopathy; amyloid beta; amyloidogenic; analysis; angiopathy; ann; apoeε4; app; aps; areas; assessment; associated; association; astrocytes; atrophy; attems; autopsy; axonal; aβ-42; aβos; beach; bennett; beta; bigio; binding; biomarkers; blood; bodies; boeve; braak; brain; burden; caa; cairns; cases; cause; cell; cerad; cerebral; cerebral amyloid; challenges; changes; chen; classical; cleavage; clinical; clinical ad; cognitive; common; complex; concomitant; continuum; core; correlates; cortex; cortical; cortices; criteria; current; damage; data; decline; degeneration; demented; dementia; dense; density; deposition; deposits; development; diagnosis; dickson; different; diffuse; disease; disease brain; disease pathology; disease progression; disorders; distinct; distribution; doi; domain; duyckaerts; dysfunction; dystrophic; early; early alzheimer; elderly; encephalopathy; entorhinal; evaluation; evidence; exp; extracellular; factors; features; fibrils; fig; figure; filaments; formation; fragments; free; frontal; frosch; functional; gorno; graff; granulovacuolar; guidelines; hcsp; helical; higher; hippocampal; hyman; hypothesis; imaging; impairment; important; increase; individuals; institute; interaction; intraneuronal; involvement; isoforms; j alzheimers; j neurol; jack; jagust; jellinger; jicha; jones; josephs; key; kim; knopman; kovacs; kukull; large; lee; lesions; levels; lewy; like; limbic; loss; lowe; major; masliah; matter; mechanisms; med; membrane; microglia; microtubule; mild; miller; mixed; model; mol; molecular; montine; morris; mortem; mouse; multiple; murray; nat; national; nelson; network; neurites; neuritic; neurobiol; neurodegenerative; neurofibrillary; neuroimaging; neuroinflammation; neurol; neurology; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; neuropathological; neuropathology; neuropil; neurosci; new; nfts; nia; non; nps; occipital; old; oligomers; onset; onset ad; onset alzheimer; parisi; pathogenesis; pathogenic; pathological; pathologies; pathology; pathway; patients; patterns; peptides; pet; petersen; phenotypes; phosphorylation; plaques; positive; post; posterior; preclinical; precursor; predominant; presence; present; prevalence; primary; prion; processing; production; progression; propagation; protein; psychiatry; rabinovici; radford; reactive; recent; regional; regions; related; relationship; rep; research; response; rev; review; role; schneider; schwarz; sclerosis; secretase; seeding; seeley; selective; senjem; sensitivity; severe; severity; similar; site; small; soluble; species; specific; spires; sporadic; spreading; stage; staging; structural; studies; study; subtypes; symptoms; synapses; synaptic; syndrome; tangles; tau; tau accumulation; tau aggregation; tau pathology; tau phosphorylation; tau protein; tauopathy; tdp-43; tempini; temporal; terminal; thal; therapeutic; thomas; total; toxic; toxicity; tredici; trojanowski; typical; typical ad; underlying; van; variant; vascular; vessel; vessel disease; vivo; vulnerability; walker; wang; white; whitwell; years; zhang
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        item: #33 of 103
          id: fnp-3052
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology as a Life-Task
        date: None
       words: 10811
      flesch: 58
     summary: For example, performing a postmortem of a patient with an oligodendroglioma motivated me to buy and study K. J. Zülch’s book on brain tumors (23) in 1957. The department mostly treated patients with brain tumors and trigeminal neuralgia.
    keywords: able; academy; activities; anatomy; area; assistant; autopsies; autopsy; babies; beginning; berlin; biology; brain; brandenburg; case; cell; central; charité; chief; city; clinic; continued; cooperation; countries; country; department; des; development; diagnostics; different; director; diseases; english; erfurt; events; example; experiences; federal; field; fig; findings; fischer; forensic; gdr; german; good; grade; great; gustav; güthert; health; help; institute; instruction; interested; international; jena; jänisch; knowledge; large; later; leningrad; life; literature; material; medical; medicine; military; minister; months; mosul; municipal; necessary; nervous; neuroectodermal; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; order; patients; people; personal; physicians; place; population; preparations; primary; professional; professor; publications; republic; research; researchers; room; russian; salary; school; schreiber; scientific; society; soviet; special; species; staff; state; students; studies; study; system; teacher; time; training; tumors; und; university; verlag; war; way; wife; work; year; zentralnervensystems
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        item: #34 of 103
          id: fnp-3062
      author: None
       title: Reflection on my 37 years of practice as a neuropathologist: Home alone.
        date: None
       words: 4499
      flesch: 68
     summary: e152-3. 9. Curin Serbec, V., et al., Monoclonal antibody against a peptide of human prion protein discriminates between Creutzfeldt-Jacob’s disease-affected and normal brain tissue. Čakš Jager, N., et al., Analysis of 22 Years of Surveillance for Prion Diseases in Slovenia, 1996 to 2017.
    keywords: anti; brain; budka; career; case; cjd; creutzfeldt; daughter; department; disease; et al; excellent; faculty; family; father; figure; great; head; herbert; husband; institute; international; left; life; like; ljubljana; lot; medicine; months; mother; mutation; nerve; neurology; neuronal; neuropathology; new; old; pathology; popović; prion; prof; research; residency; sketelj; slovene; slovenia; small; son; srečko; stockholm; study; surveillance; tau; tavčar; time; university; usa; virus; years; young; zagreb; zika
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        item: #35 of 103
          id: fnp-3134
      author: None
       title: 62nd Meeting of the French Society of Neuropathology - Meeting Abstracts
        date: None
       words: 2110
      flesch: 33
     summary: Free Neuropathol 1, 34: 6 Multiple cerebral angiopathy in SARS-COV-2 infection Danielle Seilhean1,2, Karima Mokhtari1, Isabelle Plu1, Susana Boluda-Casas1,2, Bertrand Mathon3, Albert Cao4, Dominique Hervé5, Bruno Mégarbane6, Franck Bielle1,2, Etienne Levavasseur2, Isabelle Malet7, Stéphane Marot7, Hamid El Hachimi2, Serge Marty2, Annick Prigent2, Charles Duyckaerts1,2, Marie-Claude Potier2, Stéphane Haïk1,2, Benoît Delatour2, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin7 1 Department of Neuropathology, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France 2 INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne University-UMRS1127, Brain Institute ICM, Paris, France 3 Department of Neurosurgery, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France 4 Department of Neurology, Neuro-ICU, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France 5 Department of Neurology, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP Nord- Paris University, Paris, France 6 Department of Intensive Care, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP Nord- Paris University, Paris, France 7 Department of Virology, INSERM UMRS 1136, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of a pandemic characterized by its severity in elderly subjects or those presenting metabolic or vascular risk factors. Free Neuropathol 1, 34: 5 Neuropathological variability of four tauopathy cases with MAPT microduplication Susana Boluda1,2, David Wallon3,4,5, Anne Rovelet-Lecrux3,4,6, Dominique Campion3,4,6, Gaël Nicolas3,4,6, Charles Duyckaerts1,2 1 Department of Neuropathology, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France 2 INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne University-UMRS1127, Brain Institute ICM, Paris, France 3 INSERM U1245, University of Normandy, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France 4 CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France 5 Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rouen, France 6 Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Rouen, France We report the neuropathology of four MAPT duplication carriers, a rare chromosomal rearrangement involving the 17q21.31 chromosomal region that causes an early onset dementia (EOD) clinically mimicking Alzheimer disease or an atypical extrapyramidal syndrome, as recently described.
    keywords: abstracts; animal; brain; cases; cells; cerebral; cnrs; december; department; disease; encephalitis; expression; france; free; french; hospital; hp sorbonne; human; icm; identification; infection; inserm; institute; mapt; meeting; myositis; nerve; neurology; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; old; paris; patients; pitie; rare; salpetriere; salpetriere hospital; sars; society; sorbonne; sorbonne university; tumor; u1127; umr7225; umrs1127; university; university hospital; viruses; year
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        item: #36 of 103
          id: fnp-3166
      author: None
       title: Neuroinflammation: 2021 update
        date: None
       words: 9758
      flesch: 57
     summary: Konjevic Sabolek M, Held K, Beltrán E, Niedl AG, Meinl E, Hohlfeld R, Lassmann H, Dornmair K. Communication of CD8+ T cells with mononuclear phagocytes in multiple sclerosis. In line with this view, no reactivity of CD8+ T-cells from MS brain lesions has been seen against the commonly tested myelin antigens (van Nierop et al. 2017).
    keywords: acta; activation; active; activity; acute; alzheimer; antibodies; antibody; antigen; approach; areas; aug; autoimmune; barr; basic; blue; brain; cases; cd4; cd8; cells; central; cerebral; changes; chronic; clinical; cns; comorbidities; conditions; contrast; controls; cortex; cortical; cov2; covid-19; critical; damage; data; demyelination; different; disease; doi; dominant; dots; early; ebv; encephalomyelitis; encephalopathy; epstein; epub; et al; evidence; experimental; expression; extent; failure; feb; focal; glycoprotein; human; höftberger; immune; immunological; important; infected; infection; infiltrates; inflammation; inflammatory; inflammatory cells; injury; insights; intracortical; jul; key; lancet; large; lassmann; lesions; lymphocytes; machado; macrophages; major; markers; matter; mechanisms; med; memory; microglia; models; mogad; molecular; molecules; ms brain; ms lesions; ms patients; multiple; multiple sclerosis; myeloid; nature; nervous; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; neurol; neurological; neuronal; neurons; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; nierop; nov; oct; oligodendrocyte; oxidative; particular; pathology; patients; patterns; perivenous; phenotype; pmid; possible; presence; present; print; pro; protein; question; reaction; recent; red; repair; research; resident; response; results; role; s00401; s1474; sample; santos; sars; sclerosis; serafini; single; small; specific; spectrum; stadelmann; stages; stress; studies; study; subpial; syndrome; system; systemic; t cells; target; time; tissue; trapp; type; van; vascular; veins; view; virus; white; zrzavy
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        item: #37 of 103
          id: fnp-3236
      author: None
       title: Neuromuscular disease: 2021 update
        date: None
       words: 10981
      flesch: 41
     summary: The first study focused on the interplay between intramuscular peripheral nerve twigs, muscle mesenchymal stromal cells (MmSCs), and Tregs in skeletal muscle regeneration (Wang et al., 2020). Wang et al. have found that IL-33+ MmSCs are located in close proximity to peripheral nerve bundles and that they titrate their Il-33 production in response to calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), which plays a role in pain perception and is released by sensory peripheral nerve terminals in response to tissue damage.
    keywords: 19p13.3; acute; addition; advances; affected; amyloidosis; anca; anti; antibodies; arrows; atrophy; attrv; authors; available; bicd2; biopsies; biopsy; branching; cases; cell; cgrp; changes; clinical; cov-2; covid-19; development; diagnosis; different; disease; distal; dittmayer; early; effective; efficacy; egpa; electron; eosinophils; et al; expression; fibers; field; figure; findings; form; frequent; gbs; gene; genetic; glutamine; granulomatosis; guillain; human; iim; images; immune; important; infection; inflammatory; initial; injury; inotersen; involvement; kim; large; lee; likely; lipid; lobulated; long; loss; margeta; matrix; mechanisms; membrane; mice; microscopy; model; motor; muscle; mutations; myofibrillar; myopathies; myopathy; myositis; negative; nerve; neurol; neuromuscular; neuropathy; new; non; number; observed; open; pathogenesis; pathology; patients; patisiran; perilipin; peripheral; polyangiitis; polyneuropathy; positive; presence; protein; regeneration; repair; results; role; ruggieri; safety; samples; sarcomeres; sars; satellite; scale; scanning; severe; similar; skeletal; skeletal muscle; sma; smaled; small; smn; specific; spinal; studies; study; subsarcolemmal; supervillin; svv; symptoms; syndrome; tem; time; tissue; transthyretin; treatment; trim72; ttr; type; update; use; vacuolar; vacuoles; vasculitis; vessel; viral; wang; work; year
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        item: #38 of 103
          id: fnp-3264
      author: None
       title: Neurotrauma: 2021 update
        date: None
       words: 4801
      flesch: 49
     summary: [2] in a study where the predictive accuracy of determining glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels was compared with S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) assays in the blood of TBI patients. This promises to become an extremely valuable approach for clinicians faced with a staggering number of TBI patients to evaluate.
    keywords: acid; administration; alzheimer; approach; assays; authors; biomarkers; blast; blood; brain; breaching; cases; chronic; clinical; cohort; colleagues; control; cortical; cte; disease; drug; effects; experimental; exposure; factor; field; figure; gfap; glasgow; group; impact; important; injury; levels; long; members; mice; microglia; mild; models; mtbi; nature; neuroinflammatory; neurotrauma; new; nfts; patients; pet; plasma; plx5622; post; predictive; professor; repair; repopulation; results; role; service; severe; studies; study; tau; tbi; term; time; tranexamic; traumatic; university; use; weeks; year
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        item: #39 of 103
          id: fnp-3266
      author: None
       title: Detailed neuropathologic report of COVID-19 complicated by large intracerebral hemorrhage and periventricular lesions with macrophagic infiltrates
        date: None
       words: 2549
      flesch: 39
     summary: In this report, we expand on the neuropathological literature of COVID-19 cases by detailing the neuropathological findings in an elderly male with COVID-19 and fatal ICH. In addition to acute hemorrhage, neuropathologic examination demonstrated non-specific reactive changes and chronic periventricular lesions with macrophagic and perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates without evidence of demyelination or presence of SARS-CoV-2 by PCR test.
    keywords: acute; anticoagulation; axonal; brain; canada; cases; changes; chronic; covid-19; diffuse; encephalopathy; evidence; fatal; fig; findings; frontal; hemorrhage; hospital; ich; individual; infarcts; infection; infiltrates; inflammatory; intracerebral; ischemic; large; left; leptomeningeal; lesions; likely; macrophagic; mild; multifocal; negative; neuropathological; non; pathology; patients; periventricular; reactive; report; sars; severe; significant; similar; tissue; vancouver; variable; younger
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        item: #40 of 103
          id: fnp-3268
      author: None
       title: Neurodevelopmental disorders: 2021 update
        date: None
       words: 16387
      flesch: 41
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg.2016.59 Amiri, A., Coppola1, G., Roychowdhury, T., Liu F., Pochareddy, S., Shin Y., Safi A., Song, L., Zhu, Y., Sousa, A. M. M., Gerstein, M., Crawford, G. E., Sestan, N., Abyzov A., Vaccarino, F. M. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.177881.114 Pinto, D., Delaby, E., Merico, D., Barbosa, M., Merikangas, A., Klei, L., Thiruvahindrapuram, B., Xu, X., Ziman, R., Wang, Z., Vorstman, J. A. S., Thompson, A., Regan, R., Pilorge, M., Pellecchia, G., Pagnamenta, A. T., Oliveira, B., Marshall, C. R., Magalhaes, T. R., … Scherer, S. W. (2014).
    keywords: a. a.; a. e.; a. l.; a. m.; a. r.; a. s.; abnormalities; absence; accessibility; activity; addition; adhesion; adolescent; adult; adulthood; age; alterations; altered; analysis; anxiety; approach; areas; art; asd; associated; association; authors; autism; behavior; biological; birth; brain; c. a.; cas9; cell; cellular; central; cerebral; changes; chen; children; chromatin; clinical; cognitive; cohort; common; complex; composition; cortex; cortical; crispr; data; deficits; development; diagnosis; different; differentiation; disability; disease; disorders; diverse; diversity; dna; dysfunction; e. j.; early; effects; epigenetic; epilepsy; episignatures; ept; et al; evidence; example; excitatory; expansion; expression; factors; features; fetal; findings; forebrain; formation; free; function; gabaergic; gene; genetic; genome; genomic; glial; growth; gut; health; heterogeneity; high; htt; human; huntington; identification; imaging; impaired; impairment; individuals; infants; inhibition; inhibitory; intellectual; interactions; interesting; intestinal; j. a.; j. c.; j. d.; j. f.; j. j.; j. k.; j. l.; j. m.; j. r.; j. s.; johnson; journal; knockout; large; later; lee; life; light; like; lineage; liu; long; m. c.; m. d.; m. r.; matter; maturation; mechanisms; medicine; meta; methods; methylation; mhtt; mice; microbial; microbiota; models; molecular; motor; mouse; mri; multiple; mutant; mutations; nature; ndds; nervous; network; neural; neurodevelopmental; neuroligin; neuronal; neurons; neuropathology; neuropsychiatric; neuroscience; new; nlg2; non; normal; novel; novo; number; onset; outcomes; pathways; patients; patterns; period; perturb; phenotypes; pmds; post; present; preterm; processes; progenitor; protein; psychiatry; range; recent; regions; regulatory; research; results; review; risk; rna; role; s. m.; samples; schizophrenia; science; seizures; sequencing; shank3; signatures; single; specific; spectrum; stages; state; studies; study; symptoms; synapse; synaptic; syndrome; system; technology; temporal; thalamic; tissue; transcriptional; translational; transmission; types; understanding; unique; van; variants; vivo; wang; white; wide; years; young; zhang; zhou
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        item: #41 of 103
          id: fnp-3271
      author: None
       title: Neurooncology: 2021 update
        date: None
       words: 7484
      flesch: 49
     summary: Friebel, E., et al., Single-Cell Mapping of Human Brain Cancer Reveals Tumor-Specific Instruction of Tissue-Invading Leukocytes. Brat, D.J., et al., cIMPACT-NOW update 5: recommended grading criteria and terminologies for IDH-mutant astrocytomas.
    keywords: acta; age; alterations; analysis; approaches; associated; astrocytic; astrocytomas; authors; bacteria; blood; braf; brain; brain tumors; cancer; cases; cell; chromosome; cimpact; classification; clinical; cns; competence; covid-19; diagnosis; different; diffuse; discoveries; disease; dna; drainage; et al; example; features; findings; free; fusion; gene; genetic; germline; glioblastoma; gliomas; grade; grade gliomas; group; high; human; hypermutation; idh; idh1; immune; infant; information; infratentorial; kiaa1549; list; loss; low; lymphatic; mbshh; medulloblastoma; meningeal; microbiome; microenvironment; mmr; models; molecular; mutant; mutations; nature; neurooncology; neuropathol; new; oncol; pandemic; papers; pathology; pathway; patients; pediatric; plasma; plggs; predisposition; primary; profiling; prognosis; protein; response; review; risk; samples; sequencing; single; specific; status; study; survival; syndrome; system; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; topic; treatment; tumors; type; update; wildtype; worse
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        item: #42 of 103
          id: fnp-3276
      author: None
       title: The definition and role of brain invasion in meningioma grading: Still controversial after all these years
        date: None
       words: 2778
      flesch: 47
     summary: USA Arie.Perry@ucsf.edu Submitted: 05 March 2021 Accepted: 23 March 2021 Copyedited by: Nima Sharifai Published: 24 March 2021 https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2021-3276 Keywords: Meningioma, Brain invasion, Grading In their landmark 1938 monograph on meningiomas, Cushing and Eisenhardt stated that brain invasion, defined similarly to today by tumoral penetration of the pia, had long been considered a sign of malignancy1. As such, this question remains unanswered and the upcoming 5th edition of the WHO (in press) will include the following text on the question of brain invasion: “Brain invasion by meningioma is characterized by irregular, tongue-like protrusions of tumour cells into underlying GFAP-positive parenchyma, without intervening leptomeninges.
    keywords: associated; atypical; benign; best; biob; brain; brain invasion; cases; classification; clinical; controversial; criteria; edition; features; figure; francisco; gfap; grade; grading; gross; impression; interface; invasion; invasive; meningioangiomatosis; meningiomas; pathology; perivascular; perry; prognostic; recurrence; review; role; san; scheithauer; series; similar; spread; studies; study; tumor; world
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        item: #43 of 103
          id: fnp-3317
      author: None
       title: Neurodegeneration: 2021 update
        date: None
       words: 6067
      flesch: 45
     summary: Protein network analysis in post-mortem Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Acta Neuropathologica, 131(1), 87–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-015-1509-x Lau, A., So, R. W. L., Lau, H. H. C., Sang, J. C., Ruiz-Riquelme, A., Fleck, S. C., Stuart, E., Menon, S., Visanji, N. P., Meisl, G., Faidi, R., Marano, M. M., Schmitt-Ulms, C., Wang, Z., Fraser, P. E., Tandon, A., Hyman, B. T., Wille, H., Ingelsson, M., … Watts, J. C. (2020).
    keywords: additional; alzheimer; amyloid; analysis; associated; astrocytes; atherosclerosis; biomarkers; blood; brain; cbd; cell; cerebral; changes; chronic; cognitive; complex; continued; core; covid-19; crary; cryo; cte; different; disease; domain; early; electron; encephalopathy; falcon; fibrils; figure; filaments; findings; ghetti; goedert; human; images; like; mckee; medicine; microscopy; modifications; modules; molecular; mortem; nature; neurodegenerative; neurofibrillary; neurological; neurons; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; pandemic; pathology; patients; plasma; post; protein; proteomic; research; resolution; response; scheres; school; seyfried; specific; strains; structure; studies; study; synuclein; tangles; tau; tau231; term; translational; traumatic; type; university; wingo; year
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        item: #44 of 103
          id: fnp-3323
      author: None
       title: Charcot identifies and illustrates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
        date: None
       words: 5073
      flesch: 60
     summary: Charcot J.-M. (1865) Sclérose des cordons latéraux de la moelle épinière, chez une femme hystérique, atteint de contracture permanente des quatre membres. [The document may be accessed on the internet: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5440456t/f36.item ] Charcot J.-M. (1873) Leçons sur les maladies du système nerveux faites à La Salpêtrière par J.M. Charcot, recueillies et éditées par Bourneville.
    keywords: acid; adductor; album; als; altered; amyotrophic; anterior; atrophy; book; case; charcot; clarke; clinical; column; cord; department; des; description; disease; drawings; fascicles; fibers; fig; flechsig; france; grey; horn; hospital; inflammation; internet; j.-m; joffroy; lateral; lesion; lessons; lockhart; lower; matter; microscopic; moelle; muscle; nervous; neuropathology; original; pages; paper; paris; pathological; pollicis; publisher; pyramidal; salpêtrière; sclerosis; section; slender; sorbonne; spinal; spinal cord; system; term; time; today; tract; trouillet; türck; université; view; visible; white
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        item: #45 of 103
          id: fnp-3324
      author: None
       title: Taylor’s focal cortical dysplasia revisited: History, original specimens and impact
        date: None
       words: 2753
      flesch: 50
     summary: The lesion is now known as focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) Type II or Taylor’s cortical dysplasia. Disorganization of cortical architecture and these cellular components were defined as pathognomonic features and suggested a new type of malformative CNS lesion, i.e. focal dysplasia, today known as focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type II or Taylor’s dysplasia
    keywords: april; authors; brain; bruton; cases; cells; cerebral; clinical; collection; corsellis; cortical; david; dysplasia; early; epilepsy; erlangen; fcd; findings; focal; free; germany; giant; history; imaging; j.a.n; journal; kasper; lesion; magnetic; material; neurology; neurons; neuropathology; neurosurgery; new; notes; original; paper; patient; psychiatry; reports; sclerosis; series; slides; specimens; spectrum; suppl; surgery; surgical; taylor; tissue; today; tuberous; type; university
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        item: #46 of 103
          id: fnp-3326
      author: None
       title: Specific immune modulation of experimental colitis drives enteric alpha-synuclein accumulation and triggers age-related Parkinson-like brain pathology
        date: None
       words: 15348
      flesch: 52
     summary: Experimental DSS colitis-induced at a young age exacerbates αSyn brain pathology and dopaminergic neuron loss in old αSyn transgenic mice At this point, we have established and repeatedly demonstrated that modulation of inflammatory mechanisms in experimental colitis induced by acute and chronic DSS administration is causatively linked to induction and persistence of intracellular αSyn inclusions in the ENS of young adult mice. Recently, it was reported that experimental colitis in αSyn transgenic mice leads to enteric accumulation of αSyn and the development of PD-like brain pathology and symptoms within a few months
    keywords: accumulation; acta; acute; acute dss; administration; age; aged; aging; alpha; analysis; animal; antibody; application; area; associated; association; average; axis; bar; basel; bodies; bowel; braak; brain; brain pathology; cells; center; certain; chronic; chronic dss; clone; colitis; colon; colonic; conditions; confocal; consistent; constant; contrast; control; critical; cx3cr1; cytokines; data; days; dependent; development; dextran; different; disease; disord; dose; drinking; dss; dss colitis; dss dose; dss paradigm; early; effect; elevated; ens; enteric; enteric αsyn; established; et al; evidence; experimental; experimental colitis; experimental dss; exposure; expression; features; fig; finding; forms; gastrointestinal; gene; genetic; germany; green; group; gut; hemizygous; human; human αsyn; ibd; il-10; images; immune; immunoreactive; inclusions; increase; infiltration; inflammation; inflammatory; intact; intestinal; intraperitoneal; leukocyte; levels; life; like; long; loss; lps; lrrk2; macrophages; mean; mice; migg1(v2)-mil10; model; modulation; monoclonal; monocytes; months; motor; mouse; mov; mrna; murine; myenteric; nerve; nervous; neurol; neurons; neurosci; nigra; nissl; normal; old; order; paradigm; parkinson; pathogenesis; pathological; pathology; pathways; patients; peripheral; plexus; plexuses; point; positive; post; process; progression; propagation; protein; pser129; quantification; rats; regions; related; research; resistant; results; risk; roche; role; s.g; scale; sections; severity; signaling; similar; sodium; specific; staining; statistical; stereological; study; submucosal; submucosal plexus; substantia; sulfate; suppl; switzerland; symptoms; synuclein; system; term; thy1)-h[a30p]αsyn; thy1)-h[a30p]αsyn transgenic; tissue; total; transgenic mice; treatment; type; type mice; usa; vagal; value; van; vehicle; water; wild; young; αsyn; αsyn accumulation; αsyn brain; αsyn inclusions; αsyn pathology; αsyn transgenic
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        item: #47 of 103
          id: fnp-3331
      author: None
       title: Neuropathological findings in possible normal pressure hydrocephalus: A post-mortem study of 29 cases with lifelines
        date: None
       words: 7352
      flesch: 51
     summary: No amyloid-β. MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination, Aβ = Amyloid-β, HPτ = hyperphosphorylated τ, iNPH = idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, CT = computerized tomography, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging, WMC = white matter change (Fazekas grade [13] at least 1), PV = periventricular, NA = not available, AD = Alzheimer’s disease, HTA = arterial hypertension, CHD = coronary heart disease, T2D = type 2 diabetes. 2014: 14–27 Kazui H, Miyajima M, Mori E, Ishikawa M. Lumboperitoneal shunt surgery for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (SINPHONI-2): An open-label randomised trial.
    keywords: acta; adnc; age; alafuzoff; alzheimer; amyloid; autopsy; available; biopsies; biopsy; brain; cases; cerebral; cerebrovascular; changes; clinical; cognition; cognitive; cohort; common; consortium; cortex; cortical; criteria; csf; death; demented; dementia; department; diagnostic; disease; eastern; eide; et al; europe; evaluation; examination; factors; figure; findings; finland; fluid; frontal; gait; glymphatic; group; hematoma; hospital; hpτ; hydrocephalus; ich; icp; idiopathic; idiopathic normal; imaging; impairment; inph; institute; intracerebral; kuopio; leading; matter; mci; medicine; moderately; monitoring; mortem; mri; neurol; neurology; neuropathological; neuropathological findings; neuropathology; neurosurgery; normal; normal cognition; normal pressure; nph; pathology; patients; population; positive; possible; post; present; pressure; pressure hydrocephalus; previous; procedure; progressive; psp; response; risk; schizophrenia; sdh; sections; shunting; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; table; time; university; variable; vascular; white; years
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        item: #48 of 103
          id: fnp-3333
      author: None
       title: From neurology to neuropathology and back
        date: None
       words: 3031
      flesch: 51
     summary: Dr. Kevin D. Barron and I studied the specimen in detail, and I entered a 10-year period of research in normal and pathological brain iron (Koeppen et al, 1992-2002). Inaugural dissertation of University of Göttingen Medical School, 1963 Koeppen A.H., Hans M.B., Shepherd D.I., Best P.V.:
    keywords: a.h; albany; american; ataxia; available; barron; brain; center; central; clinicoanatomic; cord; correlation; disease; dorsal; figure; genetic; germany; hospital; iron; kevin; koeppen; laboratory; late; lees; medical; medicine; merzbacher; mutation; myelin; nervous; neurology; neuropathology; new; pelizaeus; plp; pmd; practice; protein; research; sci; specimens; spinal; states; system; thought; time; tissue; town; training; united; university; war; years
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        item: #49 of 103
          id: fnp-3334
      author: None
       title: Molecular clarification of brainstem astroblastoma with EWSR1-BEND2 fusion in a 38-year-old man
        date: None
       words: 3404
      flesch: 41
     summary: Legend: MB,G3, medulloblastoma, subclass group 3; EPN, PF A, ependymoma, posterior fossa group A; EPN, PF B, ependymoma, posterior fossa group B; SUBEPN, PF, subependymoma, posterior fossa; MB, SHH CHL AD, medulloblastoma, subclass SHH A (children and adult); MB, SHH INF, medulloblastoma, subclass SHH B (infant); CONTR, CEBM, control tissue, cerebellar hemisphere; LIPN, cerebellar liponeurocytoma; CNS NB, FOXR2, CNS neuroblastoma with FOXR2 activation; SP-EPN-MYCN, MYCN amplified spinal cord ependymoma; EPN, YAP, ependymoma, YAP fusion; HGNET, MN1; high grade neuroepithelial tumor with MN1 alteration; GBM, G34, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, H3.3 G34 mutant; GBM, MES, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, subclass mesenchymal; GBM, MID, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, subclass midline; GBM, MYCN, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, subclass MYCN; GBM, RTK I, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, subclass RTK I; GBM, RTK II, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, subclass RTK II; GBM, RTK III, glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, subclass RTK III; HGNET, BCOR, CNS high grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR alteration; PTPR, A, papillary tumor of the pineal region group A; PTPR, B, papillary tumor of the pineal region group B; CONTR, PONS, control tissue, pons; CONTR, WM, control tissue, white matter; CONTR, HYPTHAL, control tissue, hypothalamus; CONTR, HEMI, control tissue, hemispheric cortex; CN, central neurocytoma; SUBEPN, SPINE, subependymoma, spinal; LGG, MYB, low grade glioma, MYB/MYBL1; LGG, DNT, low grade glioma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor; LGG, GG, low grade glioma, ganglioglioma; IHG, infantile hemispheric glioma; LGG, PA/GG ST, low grade glioma, rosette forming glioneuronal tumor; LGG, RGNT, rosette forming glioneuronal tumor; CONTR, REACT, reactive tumor microenvironment; DLGNT, diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor; ANA PA, anaplastic pilocytic astrocytoma; PXA, (anaplastic) pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma; LYMPHO, lymphoma; DMG, K27, diffuse midline glioma H3 K27M mutant; LGG, PA PF, subclass posterior fossa pilocytic astrocytoma; LGG, PA MID, midline pilocytic astrocytoma; CONTR, INFLAM, control tissue, inflammatory tumor microenvironment; EPN, RELA, ependymoma, RELA fusion; ATRT, TYR, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, subclass TYR; CHGL, chordoid glioma of the third ventricle; LGG, SEGA, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Subsequent studies of MN1-altered brain tumors have confirmed that many, but not all, have ependymal or astroblastic features.8 Based on these and other studies, the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy (cIMPACT-NOW) has proposed designating these tumors “astroblastoma, MN1-altered”.2 Early case series of astroblastoma reported prior to these newer molecular tools likely contained other tumor subtypes, as exemplified by a recent study in which molecular profiling of 14 adult tumors with histologic feature of astroblastoma found they were pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas or high grade gliomas with alterations activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and none had clear evidence of a MN1-BEND2 fusion, or clustered with that group on methylation profiling analysis.9 The MN1 alteration is usually a fusion between MN1 and BEND2.2 While half or more of microscopically defined astroblastomas harbor an MN1 alteration, a significant number do not.3,10 Our patient is unique due to the presence of a rare non-canonical EWSR1-BEND2 fusion between chromosomes 22 and X. Interestingly, early molecular analyses of astroblastomas identified deletions in chromosomes 22q and X.1,2 Including our case, there are at least four known cases of CNS tumor with EWSR1-BEND2 fusions in the literature (
    keywords: alteration; astroblastic; astroblastoma; bend2; bend2 fusion; brain; brainstem; cancer; case; central; clinical; cns; consistent; control; cord; department; ependymoma; epn; evaluation; ewsr1; free; fusion; gbm; glioblastoma; glioma; grade; group; growth; hgnet; high; idh; lgg; literature; man; methylation; mn1; molecular; months; mri; neoplasms; neuroepithelial; number; old; pathology; patient; profiling; radiation; rtk; series; spinal; spine; studies; subclass; survival; temozolomide; tissue; tumor; unusual; usa; wildtype; year
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        item: #50 of 103
          id: fnp-3340
      author: None
       title: Desmoplastic myxoid tumor of pineal region, SMARCB1-mutant, in young adult
        date: None
       words: 4751
      flesch: 51
     summary: Tumor cells displayed a minor predilection for the perivascular region (3E, black arrow), although they did not form ependymal pseudorosettes or pilomyxoid rosettes. Tumor cells showed a weak predilection for the perivascular region (E, white arrows; 20x) around thin-walled vessels (black arrow).
    keywords: adult; alcian; arrow; atrt; atypical; black; blue; brain; calgary; canada; cancer; cases; cd34; cells; cellular; cerebrospinal; component; contrast; csf; cytology; cytoplasm; data; deficient; department; desmoplastic; diagnostic; distinct; dmt; dna; electron; elements; ema; eosinophilic; expression; features; figure; fine; fluid; frühwald; gliovascular; hasselblatt; hyperintense; hypodense; ini1; islands; large; likely; loose; loss; matrix; matsumura; methylation; microscopy; molecular; mri; mutant; myxoid; myxoid tumor; non; nuclei; nucleoli; panel; patient; pineal; positive; present; prominent; red; region; rhabdoid; right; routine; scant; signal; similar; small; smarcb1; snf; strands; swi; teratoid; thomas; tumor; tumor cells; tumours; university; vacuoles; vascular; vessels; wang; white; young
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        item: #51 of 103
          id: fnp-3341
      author: None
       title: The neurovascular unit in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas
        date: None
       words: 5112
      flesch: 54
     summary: In DIPG autopsy samples, vascular density was lower compared to healthy pons. The median vascular diameter was not significantly different: 6.21 µm in DIPG autopsy samples (range 2.25-94.85 µm), and 6.26 µm in controls (range 1.17-264.77 µm).
    keywords: amsterdam; astrocytes; autopsy; autopsy samples; barrier; basement; bbb; bcrp; biopsy; blood; boelelaan; brain; brainstem; cells; center; children; claudin-5; clinical; controls; data; delivery; density; department; diagnosis; diameter; diffuse; dipg; dipg autopsy; dipg biopsy; dipg patients; drug; efflux; endothelial; expression; figure; glioma; grade; h3k27; healthy; high; intrinsic; junction; laminin; location; lower; median; membrane; mm2; months; mortem; netherlands; nvu; oncology; patients; pdgfr; pediatric; pericytes; pons; pontine; post; proteins; range; reduced; samples; sections; study; survival; tight; tissue; transporters; treatment; tumor; unit; van; vascular; vessels; vumc; vuurden; zo-1
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        item: #52 of 103
          id: fnp-3347
      author: None
       title: Viral infection and dementia: A brief synthesis
        date: None
       words: 4961
      flesch: 44
     summary: While these associations have been subject to extensive reviews, the purpose of this synthesis is to examine the hypothesized link of viral infections and dementia from the opposite perspective: What do we know about acute and chronic encephalitides that could forge a link with dementias? There appears to be little support for the concept that viral infections are a major contributor to today’s common dementias.
    keywords: acute; adaptive; aerosol; age; agent; aids; alzheimer; antibiotics; associated; average; blood; brain; brief; cause; cells; cellular; changes; chronic; clinical; cns; common; covid-19; days; dementia; direct; disease; dysfunction; effective; encephalitis; entry; evidence; figure; form; global; hiv; host; hsv; human; hypothesized; immune; immunity; immunosuppression; individuals; infected; infection; inflammatory; innate; lead; like; little; microglia; nervous; neurodegeneration; neuroglial; neurological; neuronal; neuropathology; new; pallidum; patients; peripheral; pittsburgh; population; potential; prevalence; processes; progressive; proteins; rare; related; replication; response; result; reviews; rna; sars; severe; simple; specific; studies; synthesis; syphilis; system; tertiary; tissue; today; university; viral; virus; viruses; wiley; years
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        item: #53 of 103
          id: fnp-3388
      author: None
       title: Association of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADem) and COVID-19 in a pediatric patient
        date: None
       words: 2588
      flesch: 47
     summary: References 1. Zhu, N., et al., A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. von Weyhern, C.H., et al., Early evidence of pronounced brain involvement in fatal COVID-19 outcomes.
    keywords: acute; adem; ahle; associated; association; biopsy; brain; case; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; demyelinating; disease; encephalomyelitis; encephalopathy; et al; evidence; features; figure; findings; hemorrhagic; immunostain; infection; lesions; lymphocytes; matter; med; myelin; necrotizing; neurol; neuropathological; neuropathology; old; olfactory; pallor; pathology; patients; pediatric; perivascular; positive; present; process; sars; severe; stroke; viral; white
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        item: #54 of 103
          id: fnp-3395
      author: None
       title: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Do megakaryocytes, platelets and lipid mediators make up the orchestra?
        date: None
       words: 4091
      flesch: 40
     summary: We propose that antiplatelet agents targeting thromboxane A2 receptor signaling such as low-dose aspirin merit consideration for chemoprophylaxis when administering the adenovirus based COVID-19 vaccines to young adults at risk of thrombosis provided there are no contraindications. activation.38 TxA2-dependent CLEC2 signaling promotes release of exosomes and microvesicles from platelets, leading to activation of CLEC5A and TLR2 receptors respectively on neutrophils, neutrophil activation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (Figure 1).39 Neutrophil activation, more than platelet activation, is associated with thrombotic complications in COVID-19.13,18,40 As proposed above, the expression of podoplanin by cerebral venous sinuses may be responsible for the predilection of brain vascular bed to thromboinflammation and CVST as a complication of COVID-19 vaccines.
    keywords: activation; adenovirus; adults; age; analysis; anti; antibodies; aspirin; astrazeneca; biogenesis; blood; car; cells; cerebral; chadox1; circulation; clec2; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; coxsackievirus; cvst; dependent; disease; efficacy; england; et al; events; expression; figure; generation; induced; infection; janssen; journal; lymphatic; mechanisms; medical; medicine; megakaryocytes; neutrophil; new; patients; pf4; platelet; podoplanin; protein; receptor; respiratory; review; risk; role; sars; sciences; severe; signaling; sinus; sinuses; spike; syndrome; thrombocytopenia; thromboembolic; thromboinflammation; thrombosis; thromboxane; thromboxane a2; txa2; university; vaccination; vaccines; vaxzevria; vector; venous; viral; women; years
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        item: #55 of 103
          id: fnp-3397
      author: None
       title: The Multifaceted Appearance of Supratentorial Ependymoma with ZFTA-MAML2 Fusion
        date: None
       words: 3051
      flesch: 41
     summary: A minor subset of tumor cells showed prominent intracytoplasmic fine eosinophilic granules, some with a more globular appearance (Fig. 2B). Focally, aggregates of tumor cells with eccentric nuclei and mucinous cytoplasm were also identified (Fig. 2D).
    keywords: analysis; appearance; archer; brain; c11orf95; cancer; case; cells; classical; cytoplasm; data; department; desmin; desmoplastic; diagnosis; differentiation; dna; eosinophilic; ependymoma; epn; features; fig; figure; findings; focal; fusion; fusionplex; gene; granular; high; histological; hospital; light; like; literature; maml2; methylation; molecular; morphological; myod1; myogenic; nature; nuclei; pathology; pcr; positive; present; primitive; rela; report; resection; review; singapore; small; sne; spectrum; supratentorial; total; tumor; tumor cells; university; unusual; yap1; zfta
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        item: #56 of 103
          id: fnp-3448
      author: None
       title: A varied neuropathology career - turning west and east
        date: None
       words: 7138
      flesch: 54
     summary: Founder of the Institute in 1962 and head of neuropathology was Wilhelm Krücke, in conjunction with his directory of the Ludwig Edinger Institute of Neurology of the University. In tradition with Wechsler’s training by Klaus Joachim Zülch, the research focus in the Institute was neuro-oncology.
    keywords: additional; annual; assistants; aunt; author; basis; berlin; brain; career; ceremony; changes; charge; chief; city; class; collaboration; colleagues; cutting; date; decision; department; diagnostic; different; dinner; director; düsseldorf; education; end; event; example; experimental; family; fig; fine; fortunate; frankfurt; free; georg; germany; good; graduation; group; göttingen; hans; harry; head; henry; high; history; hospital; institute; japanese; job; known; krücke; later; left; leipzig; license; long; major; material; max; medical; medicine; meeting; member; nerve; neuropathology; new; nice; offer; old; organized; origin; paper; participants; period; peripheral; physician; place; planck; planck institute; position; professional; professors; project; research; right; river; school; science; small; social; society; son; special; staff; stay; study; successful; support; surprise; team; thomas; time; tissue; training; trip; university; way; webster; wechsler; wife; work; years
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        item: #57 of 103
          id: fnp-3453
      author: None
       title: Differential gene expression in the cortical sulcus compared to the gyral crest within the early stages of chronic traumatic encephalopathy
        date: None
       words: 8771
      flesch: 51
     summary: I) GO analysis of unique CTE genes. GO analysis of CTE specific biological processes demonstrated immune and cell damage biological processes (Figure 7I).
    keywords: alterations; altered; alzheimer; analysis; biological; biological processes; boston; brain; cases; categories; category; cell; changes; chronic; common; compare; comparison; control; cortical; counts; crest; cte; damage; deposition; diagnosis; direction; disease; early; ecm; effect; elevated; encephalopathy; enrichment; exocytosis; exposure; expression; fdr; figure; frontal; future; genes; group; gsea; head; high; history; human; immune; individuals; inflammatory; injury; largest; low; majority; matrix; mechanisms; mitochondria; neurodegenerative; neuroinflammation; neuronal; neuropathologic; overall; pathogenesis; pathology; possible; previous; processes; protein; region; related; relative; repetitive; response; results; rhi; rna; sample; set; significant; similar; specific; stage; studies; study; sulcal; sulcus; system; table; tau; tissue; trauma; traumatic; unique; university; usa; vascular; work; years
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        item: #58 of 103
          id: fnp-3457
      author: None
       title: Hydrophilic polymer embolism identified in brain tumor specimens following Wada testing: A report of 2 cases
        date: None
       words: 2781
      flesch: 34
     summary: Introduction Intravascular devices, such as catheters, guidewires, and stents are commonly coated with hydrophilic polymer material. The foreign material was granular, blue-gray and non-polarizable, morphologically consistent with hydrophilic polymer material.
    keywords: angiography; artery; associated; astrocytoma; body; brain; carotid; case; cerebral; changes; clinical; complications; devices; edema; emboli; embolism; embolization; enhancing; fig; findings; foreign; giant; glioma; grade; histologic; hpe; hydrophilic; internal; intravascular; ischemic; left; mass; material; medical; mehta; microcatheter; mri; non; pathology; patient; polymer; post; procedures; rate; report; resection; right; significant; specimens; temporal; testing; tumor; vascular; vasculitis; wada
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        item: #59 of 103
          id: fnp-3458
      author: None
       title: Differentiation of primary CNS lymphoma and glioblastoma using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms
        date: None
       words: 4797
      flesch: 40
     summary: Our trained Logistic Regression algorithm distinguishes with a balanced accuracy of 79.3% between the intraoperative measured PCNSL versus glioblastoma tumor tissue. https://doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz008 Depciuch J, Tołpa B, Witek P, et al. Raman and FTIR spectroscopy in determining the chemical changes in healthy brain tissues and glioblastoma tumor tissues.
    keywords: accuracy; acquisition; additional; algorithms; alzette; analysis; balanced; biomed; biopsy; brain; cancer; cells; center; central; changes; classification; cm-1; corresponding; curve; data; department; diagnosis; differentiation; discrimination; early; entities; esch; et al; examination; ffpe; figure; forest; formalin; free; glioblastoma; histopathological; important; intraoperative; learning; linear; logistic; luxembourg; lymphoma; machine; measurements; method; national; nervous; neuropathological; neuropathology; non; overview; paraffin; parameters; patient; pcnsl; peaks; performance; points; primary; raman; raman spectroscopy; random; region; regression; results; samples; sensitivity; set; specificity; spectral; spectroscopy; surgical; system; table; tissue; tool; treatment; tumor; university; value; vibrational; wavenumbers
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        item: #60 of 103
          id: fnp-3459
      author: None
       title: Hypothesis: Entrapment of lipoprotein particles in the brain causes Alzheimer’s disease
        date: None
       words: 6188
      flesch: 49
     summary: Cibičková L. Statins and their influence on brain cholesterol. Abeta43 is more frequent than Abeta40 in amyloid plaque cores from Alzheimer disease brains.
    keywords: accumulation; acta; age; ageing; allele; alzheimer; amyloid; animal; apoe; apolipoprotein; aqueous; associated; association; beta; blood; body; brain; cells; central; cerebral; cerebrospinal; cholesterol; cholesterol deficiency; clinical; consistent; core; cortex; crucial; deficiency; delivery; development; disease; dysfunction; early; effect; entrapment; environment; et al; evidence; experimental; extracellular; extracellular space; features; fluid; formation; function; gene; genetic; glial; head; homeostasis; homozygotes; human; hydrophobic; hypothesis; impaired; important; injury; key; learning; levels; link; lipid; lipoprotein; lipoprotein particles; major; matrix; mechanism; membrane; memory; metabolism; mice; microglial; models; mol; nat; neurochem; neuronal; neurons; nicoll; particles; particular; pathology; peptide; plaques; plasticity; present; primary; proteins; receptors; results; risk; role; sci; southampton; space; studies; study; surface; synapses; synaptic; system; tangles; tau; transgenic; transport; traumatic
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        item: #61 of 103
          id: fnp-3500
      author: None
       title: 65th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) - Meeting Abstracts
        date: None
       words: 12235
      flesch: 28
     summary: Specifically, we have created a single cell atlas of the cerebral interferome using single cell RNA sequencing of brain cells of wild type and IFN-α transgenic mice. Previous studies suggested increased metastatic spread to and within the brain during BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) therapy, which is caused by upregulation of a subset of molecular drivers that control migratory and invasion such as the nerve growth factor receptor CD271/NGFR. Objectives: To investigate the molecular features of migration and invasion of patient derived cell lines from MM brain metastases (BM) that were therapy-responsive or therapy-resistant to BRAFi, radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
    keywords: a. m.; activation; adult; amyloid; analysis; anti; associated; astrocytomas; axonal; berlin; biopsies; biopsy; blood; brain; cancer; catenin; cells; cellular; center; cerebral; charité; children; classes; classification; clinical; cns; conclusion; control; csf; damage; data; decline; deep; density; department; diagnosis; different; diffuse; disease; distinct; dkfz; dmgs; dna; dna methylation; düsseldorf; early; electron; elsts; emt; endothelial; eppendorf; essen; expression; features; figures; findings; frankfurt; free; free neuropathol; freiburg; ftd; function; für; gene; germany; germany introduction; gießen; gliomas; goethe; group; göttingen; hamburg; hannover; heidelberg; high; histological; hospital; human; hypermethylation; ibm; idh; idh1; iii; immune; inflammatory; infratentorial; institute; invasion; involved; justus; learning; lesions; leucine; levels; liebig; like; lines; loss; materials; mechanisms; medical; medical center; medicine; meeting; meningioma; metabolic; metastasis; methods; methylation; mgmt; mice; microglia; mitotic; model; molecular; mouse; mri; multiple; muscle; mutant; mutations; münster; nerve; neurodegeneration; neurology; neurons; neurooncology; neuropathology; neurosurgery; non; objectives; oncology; p2y12; pathways; patients; patterns; pediatric; peripheral; phenotype; potential; profiles; profiling; progression; protein; ragcko; research; response; results; role; samples; score; sections; shh; signaling; single; sinonasal; skeletal; skin; snfl; specific; spinal; sporadic; ssc; states; studies; study; subgroups; survival; system; test; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; translational; tumors; tübingen; united; university; university frankfurt; university gießen; university hospital; university medical; universitätsmedizin; universitätsmedizin berlin; vhl; vienna; von; wnt; years
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        item: #62 of 103
          id: fnp-3528
      author: None
       title: Strategies to gain novel Alzheimer’s disease diagnostics and therapeutics using modulators of ABCA transporters
        date: None
       words: 45506
      flesch: 38
     summary: Brain Res 2010, 1318, 167-77. Holstege, H.; Hulsman, M.; Charbonnier, C.; Grenier-Boley, B.; Quenez, O.; Grozeva, D.; van Rooij, J. G. J.; Sims, R.; Ahmad, S.; Amin, N.; Norsworthy, P. J.; Dols-Icardo, O.; Hummerich, H.; Kawalia, A.; database, A. s. D. N. I.; Amouyel, P.; Beecham, G. W.; Berr, C.; Bis, J. C.; Boland, A.; Bossù, P.; Bouwman, F.; Bras, J.; Campion, D.; Cochran, J. N.; Daniele, A.; Dartigues, J.-F.; Debette, S.; Deleuze, J.-F.; Denning, N.; DeStefano, A. L.; Farrer, L. A.; Fernandez, M. V.; Fox, N. C.; Galimberti, D.; Genin, E.; Gille, H.; Guen, Y. L.; Guerreiro, R.; Haines, J. L.; Holmes, C.; Ikram, M. A.; Ikram, M. K.; Jansen, I. E.; Kraaij, R.; Lathrop, M.; Lemstra, A. W.; Lleó, A.; Luckcuck, L.; Mannens, M. M. A. M.; Marshall, R.; Martin, E. R.; Masullo, C.; Mayeux, R.; Mecocci, P.; Meggy, A.; Mol, M. O.; Morgan, K.; Myers, R. M.; Nacmias, B.; Naj, A. C.; Napolioni, V.; Pasquier, F.; Pastor, P.; Pericak-Vance, M. A.; Raybould, R.; Redon, R.; Reinders, M. J. T.; Richard, A.-C.; Riedel-Heller, S. G.; Rivadeneira, F.; Rousseau, S.; Ryan, N. S.; Saad, S.; Sanchez-Juan, P.; Schellenberg, G. D.; Scheltens, P.; Schott, J. M.; Seripa, D.; Seshadri, S.; Sie, D.; Sistermans, E.; Sorbi, S.; van Spaendonk, R.; Spalletta, G.; Tesi, N.; Tijms, B.; Uitterlinden, A. G.; van der Lee, S. J.; de Visser, P. J.; Wagner, M.; Wallon, D.; Wang, L.-S.; Zarea, A.; Clarimon, J.; van Swieten, J. C.; Greicius, M. D.; Yokoyama, J. S.; Cruchaga, C.; Hardy, J.; Ramirez, A.; Mead, S.; van der Flier, W. M.; van Duijn, C. M.; Williams, J.; Nicolas, G.; Bellenguez, C.; Lambert, J.-C. Exome sequencing identifies rare damaging variants in the ATP8B4 and ABCA1 genes as novel risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease. Nat Genet 1997, 15, 236-46. Kaway, C. S.; Adams, M. K. M.; Jenkins, K. S.; Layton, C. J. A Novel ABCA4 mutation associated with a late-onset stargardt disease phenotype: A hypomorphic allele?
    keywords: 125i; 2005; 2011; 2012; 2015; 2016; 2018; 2019; 2020; a. a.; a. f.; a. g.; a. h.; a. i.; a. l.; a. m.; a. n.; a. t.; a. w.; a. y.; abca transporters; abca1; abca1 abca1; abca1 expression; abca1 gene; abca1 inducer; abca1 induction; abca1 mrna; abca1 pathway; abca1 protein; abca1 regulation; abcg2; abcr; abe; account; accumulation; acid; acta; activation; activators; activity; addition; adenosine; agents; agonists; altered; alzheimer; amino; ampk; amyloid; analysis; animal; antineoplastic; aortic; apoa1; apoe; apolipoprotein; approaches; arterioscler; assays; assessment; associated; association; atherosclerosis; atp; atpase; authors; b. a.; b. d.; b. f.; b. l.; b. m.; b. t.; b. y.; barrier; bcrp; beta; bexarotene; binding; biochem; biol; biophys; blood; body; brain; breast; brefeldin; c. a.; c. b.; c. c.; c. d.; c. e.; c. g.; c. h.; c. k.; c. p.; c. r.; c. s.; c. t.; c. y.; c57bl/6; camp; cancer; candidates; cao; carcinoma; cassette; cassette transporter; cells; ceramide; cerebral; certain; chalcone; characterization; chem; chemical; chen; chimini; cholesterol; cholesterol efflux; cholesterol levels; cholesterol transport; cis; clearance; clinical; coa; cognitive; combination; commun; compounds; concentration; content; contrast; contribution; correlated; cryo; cs-6253; csf; curr; cyclosporine; d. a.; d. h.; d. j.; d. m.; d. p.; d. r.; d. s.; d. w.; data; davis; decreased; deficiency; deficits; degradation; density; department; dependent; deposition; derivatives; design; development; diagnostics; dids; diet; different; digoxin; direct; discovery; disease; distribution; docking; dohmae; domains; dose; downregulation; downregulators; doxorubicin; drug; dysfunction; dystrophy; e. a.; e. h.; e. j.; e. l.; e. r.; early; ec50; ed50; effect; efflux; endoand; endothelial; epithelial; evaluation; example; experimental; exposure; expression; factor; fat; fed; figure; findings; fitzgerald; fluorescent; foam; following; food; formation; free; function; future; g. d.; g. g.; g. h.; g. r.; gene; general; genetic; genome; germany; glibenclamide; glycoprotein; gw3965; h. b.; h. h.; h. y.; hdl; health; hepatic; high; hirsch; hmg; homeostasis; homology; hospital; host; huang; human; human abca1; human human; hydroxycholesterol; i. c.; ic50; ichthyosis; identification; imaging; imatinib; impact; implications; important; inagaki; increase; induced; inducers; induction; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; interaction; interactors; interest; intracellular; intracellular cholesterol; intrinsic; investigation; j biol; j lipid; j med; j mol; j. a.; j. b.; j. c.; j. f.; j. g.; j. h.; j. i.; j. j.; j. k.; j. l.; j. m.; j. o.; j. q.; j. r.; j. t.; j. w.; j. y.; jiang; jones; k. a.; k. d.; k. e.; k. g.; k. h.; k. l.; k. m.; k. p.; k. r.; key; kim; kinase; knock; knockout; knowledge; koldamova; krohn; l. c.; l. h.; l. l.; l. t.; lab; lack; langer; ldl; lead; lee; lefterov; lett; leukemia; levels; ligand; like; lines; link; lipid; lipidation; liu; liver; load; long; loss; low; lung; lxr; lxra; lxralpha; lxrb; lysosomal; m. abca1; m. c.; m. e.; m. f.; m. g.; m. h.; m. i.; m. l.; m. m.; m. r.; m. v.; m. w.; macrophages; macular; major; mdr; mechanism; med; mediates; membrane; memory; metabolism; methodologies; methotrexate; mevastatin; mice; microglia; models; modulation; modulators; mol; molday; molecular; molecules; mouse; mrp1; multidrug; multiple; multitarget; murine; mutations; n. f.; n. j.; n. m.; namasivayam; natural; necessary; negative; neurobiol; neurochem; neurodegeneration; neurol; neurological; neuropathology; neurosci; new; non; norway; novel; nucleotide; number; observed; onset; orcid; oslo; overexpression; p. a.; p. b.; p. e.; p. j.; p. l.; p. m.; pahnke; pan; parkinson; particular; pathogenesis; pathway; patients; pattern; peptide; peripheral; peritoneal; phagocytosis; pharmacol; pharmacological; pharmacophore; phenotype; phosphatidylcholine; phospholipid; physiol; physiological; plaques; plasma; polymorphisms; potential; ppar; precursor; presence; present; primary; probucol; production; progression; prominent; protein expression; protein levels; proteins; qin; r. a.; r. b.; r. l.; r. r.; r. s.; r. w.; rare; rat; rats; raw264.7; recent; receptor; reduced; reductase; regulation; related; relevance; rep; research; resistance; respective; response; results; retinal; retinoic; rev; reverse; review; risk; role; rxr; s. a.; s. abca7; s. atp; s. b.; s. e.; s. f.; s. g.; s. h.; s. j.; s. k.; s. l.; s. m.; s. n.; s. p.; s. s.; s. y.; sci; screening; secretion; section; selective; shen; signaling; silico; similar; similarity; site; small; sognsvannsveien; song; specific; sphingosine; stabilizers; standard; standard abca1; stargardt; stefan; sterane; structures; studies; study; subfamilies; subfamily; substrates; sun; synthesis; synthetic; system; t. d.; t. h.; t. m.; t. p.; t. s.; table; tang; targeted; targeting; targets; terms; tew; therapeutics; thromb; time; tissues; to901317; tocopherol; toxicity; trafficking; transcription; transgenic; translational; transmembrane; transporters; treatment; troglitazone; type; ueda; university; v. s.; van; variants; vasc; vitamin; vitro; vivo; w. e.; w. s.; wang; weight; wiese; y. g.; y. l.; y. m.; y. r.; y. w.; yang; yokoyama; z. s.; zhang; zhao; zhou; zhu
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        item: #63 of 103
          id: fnp-3532
      author: None
       title: Notes on the career of Jacqueline Mikol
        date: None
       words: 3502
      flesch: 57
     summary: The delegates were the following: Professor Dr. H. H. Goebel, Professor Dr. W. Schlote, Professor Dr. W. Wechsler (Germany), Professor R. Cotrufo, Professor N. Rizzuto, Professor D. Schiffer (Italy), Dr. D. Troost (The Netherlands), Professor D. I. Graham, Dr. Janice R. Anderson, Professor R. O. Weller (United Kingdom), Professor F. Gray, Professor J. J. Hauw, Professor J. F. Pelissier (France); Dr. S. J. Balogiannis (Greece) had apologized. Professor Brion was qualified in Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropathology.
    keywords: 1st; 2nd; 3rd; 4th; 5th; 6th; 7th; association; author; brion; career; clinical; cns; department; different; diseases; european; figure; france; garcin; goebel; graham; group; hospital; jacqueline; jean; laboratory; left; life; medicine; meeting; michel; mikol; national; neuropathological; neuropathology; paris; place; practice; professor; reports; research; right; row; scientific; serge; society; studies; study; time; training; years
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        item: #64 of 103
          id: fnp-3634
      author: None
       title: Lessons learned from a career in neuropathology
        date: None
       words: 12328
      flesch: 52
     summary: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77(2): 162–75. 🎉 🎂 Celebrating Professor Roy Weller: The first time I met Professor Roy Weller was at the British Neuropathological Society Winter meeting in 2001; in the break after the session where I had presented, he - the famous Professor - approached me - the unknown junior Doctor from Vienna - to discuss my talk!
    keywords: 1980s; acta; alzheimer; amyloid; anatomy; angiopathy; arteries; artery; basement; biopsies; bns; book; brain; british; bsc; caa; carare; career; cells; cerebral; cerebral amyloid; cervical; changes; children; clearance; clinical; clinical neuropathology; collaboration; colleagues; conferences; consultant; contact; cord; cortex; course; csf; david; dementia; department; diagnostic; disease; drainage; drainage pathways; eae; early; editor; education; excellent; experimental; failure; family; fellows; figure; flow; fluid; free; friends; great; group; guy; hawkes; human; hydrocephalus; important; injection; interesting; international; interstitial; involved; ipad; isf; james; john; journal; knowledge; left; life; lipid; london; lymphatic; lymphatic drainage; major; mater; medical; medicine; meetings; membranes; mice; mortem; mouse; multiple; muscle; nerves; neurobiol; neurobiology; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; nicoll; nodes; normal; number; observations; oedema; papers; pathways; people; periarterial; perivascular; peter; phd; pia; post; present; prize; prof; professor; rat; relationship; research; results; right; role; roxana; roy; school; scientific; sclerosis; second; service; smooth; society; solutes; southampton; spaces; spinal; stages; students; studies; subarachnoid; successful; surface; system; team; terry; time; tracer; translational; ultrastructural; university; vessels; walls; weller; weller ro; white; wisniewski; work; world; years; york; young; zhang
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        item: #65 of 103
          id: fnp-3638
      author: None
       title: Ex vivo MRI facilitates localization of cerebral microbleeds of different ages during neuropathology assessment
        date: None
       words: 6566
      flesch: 48
     summary: The development of ex vivo MRI led to studies correlating ex vivo MRI findings with neuropathology in selected brain slabs In this study, the utility of ex vivo MRI in the neuropathological identification, localization, and frequency of CMBs was investigated.
    keywords: acute; additional; adjacent; alzheimer; amyloid; angiopathy; area; arrowhead; arterioles; arteriolosclerosis; assessment; bar; blocks; blood; blue; brain; caa; case; center; cerebral; chicago; chronic; clinical; cmbs; corresponding; cortex; current; dementia; diameter; disease; echo; ex vivo; fig; findings; focal; gyrus; hemorrhage; hemosiderin; hypointensities; imaging; inferior; laden; lateral; macrophages; matter; mhs; microbleeds; microhemorrhages; microinfarcts; microscopy; midtemporal; mild; mri; neuropathology; neuropil; nucleus; older; present; prussian; putamen; risk; routine; rush; scale; section; serial; severe; slabs; small; stroke; studies; study; subacute; superior; table; temporal; thalamus; usa; van; vascular; vessel; vivo; vivo mri; white; years
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        item: #66 of 103
          id: fnp-3639
      author: None
       title: 50 years of surgical pathology / 36 years of neuropathology. My way / A personal journey
        date: None
       words: 16189
      flesch: 64
     summary: The unrivalled textbook on brain tumour pathology used since the 1960s was Pathology of Tumours of the Nervous System (published by Edward Arnold). Brain tumour cases came from all over the world.
    keywords: activities; actual; afip; air; anatomical; areas; august; autopsy; base; bergen; bernd; best; biology; biopsies; block; brain; bruce; cancer; career; cases; cells; central; changes; charlottesville; chief; city; classification; cleveland; clinical; close; cns; community; congress; cooperation; country; course; criteria; culture; cut; d.c; data; day; days; demyelination; department; diagnoses; diagnostic; different; discussions; doctor; drøbak; early; editor; event; examinations; experience; experimental; expertise; eye; fact; family; feeling; field; fighter; final; findings; focus; free; friend; gade; general; glass; good; grading; grey; group; growth; half; harald; haukeland; headed; high; histological; home; hospital; house; huge; human; idea; image; institute; interesting; international; january; jnen; journal; june; kari; kongsberg; lab; laerum; large; later; leave; left; lesions; letter; life; like; list; little; long; lucien; löken; main; malignant; manuscript; material; matter; medical; medicine; meeting; meråker; microglia; microscope; mind; minutes; months; morning; multiple; myelin; nervous; neurology; neuropathologists; neuropathology; neuroscience; new; nlns; norway; norwegian; number; october; office; old; oligodendroglioma; open; oslo; pathology; people; persons; photo; physician; place; population; position; practice; presence; present; primary; professor; proliferation; rats; reading; registry; research; review; room; rubinstein; saying; school; scientific; sclerosis; second; section; service; short; small; social; society; special; stanford; start; starting; stay; studies; study; summer; surgical; survival; system; thesis; things; time; tissue; tore; trapp; trondheim; tumour; university; uva; vienna; virginia; washington; way; weeks; white; wife; words; work; world; years; young; zurich
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        item: #67 of 103
          id: fnp-3640
      author: None
       title: An atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) with molecular features of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) in a 62-year-old patient
        date: None
       words: 1833
      flesch: 46
     summary: As it is the case for the herein presented tumor, it remains unclear, if AT/RTs with molecular features of PXA correspond to secondary rhabdoid tumors, which have emerged from and entirely outgrown preexisting PXAs. Nadi, M., Ahmad, T., Huang, A., Hawkins, C., Bouffet, E. & Kulkarni, A. V. Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor diagnosis after partial resection of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: Case report and review of the literature.
    keywords: atypical; brain; case; cells; center; central; classification; cns; deficient; dna; epigenetic; features; figure; germany; hamburg; ini1; medical; methylation; molecular; nervous; patient; pleomorphic; pxa; pxas; rhabdoid; rts; smarcb1; staining; system; teratoid; tumor; university; xanthoastrocytoma
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        item: #68 of 103
          id: fnp-3671
      author: None
       title: 61st Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association of Neuropathologists Association canadienne des neuropathologistes (CANP-ACNP) - Meeting Abstracts
        date: None
       words: 6003
      flesch: 30
     summary: The unsung hero of the CNS tissue reaction to the spinal cord injury Abstract 11: Ischemic-like pathology in aberrant white matter tracts of fetal holoprosencephaly: A case series Abstract 12: Brain pathology in patients with congenital heart disease Abstract 13: Characterizing the hippocampal dentate gyrus involvement in temporal lobe epilepsy Abstract 14: On the other hand, association of iron burden with different cellular tau pathologies was species-specific in the same regions, suggesting iron functions in PSP tau cytopathology may be distinct by species.
    keywords: 61st; abstract; acnp; albany; analysis; association; astrocytes; astrocytoma; brain; british; brunswick; canada; canadian; canp; cases; cell; cellular; centre; changes; children; classification; clinical; cluster; cns; columbia; cord; crystallin; deep; department; desmin; diagnosis; different; diffuse; disease; epilepsy; features; free; gliomas; grade; h&e; health; heart; high; hospital; idh; image; inclusions; increase; intra; iron; laboratory; laboratory medicine; learning; london; low; malignant; markers; matter; maturation; medical; medicine; meeting; molecular; mtbi; network; neuroblastic; neuropathol; neuropathology; new; novel; number; october; ontario; pandemic; pathobiology; pathological; pathology; patients; peripheral; post; program; psp; regions; research; resection; results; saskatchewan; saskatoon; sciences; senescence; severe; significant; size; spinal; study; surgical; symptoms; synuclein; tau; tissue; toronto; tumor; tumours; university; unknown; usa; vancouver; variability; white; years
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        item: #69 of 103
          id: fnp-3679
      author: None
       title: Friedreich cardiomyopathy is a desminopathy
        date: None
       words: 5202
      flesch: 48
     summary: A proteomic analysis of heart proteins in FA cardiomyopathy by antibody microarray, Western blots, immunohistochemistry, and double-label laser scanning confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed upregulation of desmin and its chaperone protein, αB-crystallin. While desmin and αB-crystallin are not mutated in FA, the accumulation of these proteins in FA hearts allows the conclusion that FA cardiomyopathy is a desminopathy akin to desmin myopathy of skeletal muscle.
    keywords: abcam; acetonitrile; acid; albany; alexa; anti; antibodies; antibody; ataxia; atp5b; bands; biotechnology; blots; buffer; cardiomyocytes; cardiomyopathy; cat; cause; cell; cfc; chaotic; chaperone; column; confocal; congo; control; cruz; crystallin; dalakas; desmin; desminopathy; discs; disease; double; elisa; et al; figure; fragment; frataxin; friedreich; gaa; goldfarb; green; heart; igg; immunofluorescence; immunohistochemistry; incubation; intercalated; kda; koeppen; label; laser; left; lysates; mass; medical; membranes; microarray; mitochondria; monoclonal; muscle; mutations; normal; panel; patients; phosphate; polyclonal; pooled; product; protein; rabbit; reaction; red; samples; santa; sepharose; skeletal; sodium; spectrin; spectrometry; tissue; usa; weight; western; wet
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        item: #70 of 103
          id: fnp-3682
      author: None
       title: 63rd Meeting of the French Society of Neuropathology - Meeting Abstracts , December 3rd. 2021
        date: None
       words: 5178
      flesch: 19
     summary: of neuropathology Marie-Claire Artaud-Botté1, Sabrina Leclère-Turbant2, Charles Duyckaerts2, Marie Laure Martin-Négrier3, Franck Letournel4, Neuro-CEB Neuropathologist’ Network5, Isabelle Plu6, Susana Boluda2,6, Danielle Seilhean2,6 1 Association Neuro-CEB (Paris, France): ARSLA, Association France DFT, Association France Parkinson, CSC, Fondation ARSEP, Fondation Vaincre Alzheimer 2 ICM-Paris Brain Institute - CNRS UMR7225 - INSERM U1127 – Sorbonne University - GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris France 3 GH Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France 4 CHU d’Angers, France 5 Neuro-CEB Neuropathologist’ Network: Susana Boluda (GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France), Jean Boutonnat (Hôpital Michalon, Grenoble, France), Fanny Burel-Vandenbos (Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France), Françoise Chapon (Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Caen, France), Dan-Christian Chiforeanu (Hôpital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France), Vincent Deramecourt (CHU Salengro, Lille, France), Charles Duyckaerts (GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France), Maxime Faisant (Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Caen, France), Catherine Godfraind (CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France), Béatrice Lannes (Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France), Annie Laquerrière (CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France), Franck Letournel (CHU d’Angers, France), Benoit Lhermitte (Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France), Florent Marguet (CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France), Marie-Laure Martin-Négrier (GH Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France), André Maues de Paula (CHU Timone 2, Marseille, France), Claude-Alain Maurage (CHU Salengro, Lille, France), David Meyronet (Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France), Isabelle Plu (GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France), Valérie Rigau (Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, (Montpellier, France) 6 Laboratoire de Neuropathologie, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France The Neuro-CEB national brainbank was founded in 2006 at the initiative of patients’ associations, to support a post mortem brain donation program. of neuropathology 14:30 Human Brain Imaging with STochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) 14:45 AI applied in neuropathology: automated detection of intraepidermal nerve fibers for the diagnosis of small-fiber neuropathies 15:00 Histological description of myopathy related to chronic graft versus host disease and characterization of inflammatory infiltrate by imaging mass cytometry 15:15 Highlighting autophagy in a fatal case of Pompe’s disease 15:30 Diagnosis and classification of peripheral nerve vasculitis: attempt at simplification bases on a retrospective study at Limoges University Hospital between 2014 and 2020 15:45 Experimental evaluation of myosuppressive effects of IFN-gamma       General assembly (members only) Short communications:   Free Neuropathol 2:32:3 Deciphering the genetic and epigenetic landscape of pediatric bithalamic tumors Arnault Tauziède-Espariat1, Marie-Anne Debily2,3, David Castel2,4, Jacques Grill2,4, Stéphanie Puget5, Alexandre Roux6, Raphaël Saffroy7, Guillaume Gauchotte8, Ellen Wahler1, Lauren Hasty1, Fabrice Chrétien1, Emmanuèle Lechapt1, Volodia Dangouloff-Ros9, Nathalie Boddaert9, Philipp Sievers10,11#, Pascale Varlet1# 1 Department of Neuropathology, GHU Paris-Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Sainte-Anne Hospital, 75014 Paris, France 2 U981, Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France 3 Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France 4 Department of Pediatric Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France 5 Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Necker Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 75015 Paris, France 6 Department of Neurosurgery, GHU Paris-Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Sainte-Anne Hospital, 75014 Paris, France 7 Department of Biochemistry and Oncogenetic, Paul Brousse Hospital, 94804 Villejuif, France 8 Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France 9 Pediatric Radiology Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University de Paris, France 10 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany 11 Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany #
    keywords: als; alzheimer; amyotrophic; analysis; angers; anne; anterior; aphp; base; biopsy; brain; caa; cancer; cases; ceb; cells; center; centre; cerveau; characterization; charles; chu; classification; clinical; cnrs; cord; danielle; data; de france; de paris; department; diagnosis; disease; dlgnt; dmg; département de; expression; fiber; france; free; french; gab1; groningen; histological; hospital; human; hôpital; hôpital pitié; icm; inflammatory; inserm; institute; intronic; laboratoire; lateral; lille; lineage; macrophages; marie; meeting; meningiomas; molecular; montpellier; mutations; nearsplice; nerve; neurologie; neurons; neuropathological; neuropathology; neuroscience; neurosurgery; paris; paris brain; patients; pediatric; peripheral; pitié; pitnets; rare; research; results; référence; salpêtrière; sclerosis; service; skull; sla; society; sod1; sorbonne; specific; spinal; study; susana; syndrome; toulouse; tours; tumors; u1127; université; université paris; vasculitis; villejuif
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        item: #71 of 103
          id: fnp-3684
      author: None
       title: Medulloblastoma and Cowden syndrome: Further evidence of an association
        date: None
       words: 3614
      flesch: 56
     summary: CS may be under-recognized in medulloblastoma patients. Thus, in some of these young patients, the diagnosis of CS was not clinically obvious at the time they presented with a medulloblastoma; we therefore suspect that CS may be underdiagnosed in medulloblastoma patients.
    keywords: additional; age; analysis; bagan; brain; canada; cancer; cases; cell; centre; children; clinical; component; cowden; department; diagnosis; disease; division; duclos; eng; et al; evidence; features; genes; genetic; germline; group; health; high; hospital; ldd; lhermitte; loss; macrocrania; mben; mcgill; mcgill university; medulloblastoma; montreal; multiple; oral; pathogenic; patients; predisposition; ptch1; pten; sequencing; shh; skowron; sufu; syndrome; time; tumor; type; university; variants; waszak; yehia
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        item: #72 of 103
          id: fnp-3766
      author: None
       title: Soluble brain homogenates from diverse human and mouse sources preferentially seed diffuse Aβ plaque pathology when injected into newborn mouse hosts
        date: None
       words: 11711
      flesch: 59
     summary: Brain homogenates from human tauopathies induce tau inclusions in mouse brain. Transmission and spreading of tauopathy in transgenic mouse brain.
    keywords: abeta; acid; acta; activity; ad brain; aged; ages; aging; alpha; alzheimer; amyloid; amyloid pathology; amyloidosis; analysis; angiopathy; animals; anti; antibody; app; app mice; appswe; aβ deposition; aβ deposits; aβ pathology; aβ40; aβ42; bio; brain; brain homogenates; brain lysates; buffer; caa; cases; cerebral; cognitive; compact; conditioning; consistent; context; control; cored; cortex; data; deposition; deposits; dickson; diffuse; diffuse aβ; disease; donors; elisa; et al; exhibit; express; expressing; fear; fig; findings; florida; following; formic; frontal; frozen; gainesville; golde; hercules; high; homogenates; host; human; human ad; human brain; human tau; individuals; induced; induction; injection; lbd; levels; lewy; lysates; m20; mab; mice; mixed; model; months; mouse; mutant; n=3; n=5; ndc; neonatal; neurobiol; neurofibrillary; neuronal; neuropathol; newborn; newborn mice; nontransgenic; p301l; pa brains; pathological; pathology; performance; plaques; positive; post; presence; protein; prp.appsi; rad; recipient; results; robust; samples; scale; score; sds; sections; seeded; seeded mice; seeding; seeds; significant; similar; soluble; specific; staining; studies; study; synuclein; table; tau; tau pathology; thio; tissue; tone; transgenic; transgenic mice; type; uninjected; university; usa; vascular; widespread; αsyn; αsyn pathology
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        item: #73 of 103
          id: fnp-3790
      author: None
       title: Neuroinflammation: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 10373
      flesch: 50
     summary: The beneficial effect of its pharmacological blockade indicates a role of oxidative injury in the induction of neuronal damage (Yuan et al. 2015) by mitochondrial injury and subsequent energy deficiency (Mahad et al. 2015). Importantly, the loss of these neurons was associated with a significant and selective reduction of GABAergic presynaptic terminals in the cortex (Zoupi et al. 2021).
    keywords: absent; accumulation; acta; activation; active; addition; alzheimer; amyloid; analysis; antigen; approach; apr; association; aug; authors; axonal; brain; cases; cd4; cd8; cells; central; changes; characterized; chronic; class; clinical; clusters; cns; common; comparison; complement; conditions; consequences; content; contrast; cortex; cortical; course; cov-2; covid-19; damage; data; demyelination; dependent; detrimental; differences; different; diffuse; direct; disease; distribution; effects; epub; et al; evidence; excitatory; experimental; expression; extent; ferritin; figure; formation; functional; gabaergic; genes; glioblastoma; gliomas; hametner; high; hippocampus; homeostatic; human; imaging; immune; immunity; immunol; important; infection; infiltration; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibitory; injury; interneurons; iron; ischemic; key; large; lassmann; lesions; lewcock; local; long; loss; low; lymphocytes; macrophages; magliozzi; maiese; major; markers; mechanisms; mhc; mice; microglia; microglia activation; microglia phenotype; models; molecules; mouse; mri; multiple; multiple sclerosis; myeloid; nadph; nature; nervous; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; neurological; neuronal; neuropathol; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; nodules; number; oct; olfactory; outcome; oxidase; oxidative; parkinson; particular; parvalbumin; pathology; patients; phenotype; plaques; plasticity; pmid; positive; potential; preferential; present; pro; process; profound; prognosis; propagation; protective; question; ramaglia; reaction; recent; relation; research; respective; response; results; review; ring; rodent; role; sarraj; sars; sclerosis; seizures; selective; severe; similar; simultaneous; single; sites; specific; spectrum; spread; stage; studies; study; synaptic; system; systematic; tau; terminals; thakur; time; tissue; transcriptomics; treatment; trem2; tumor; unresolved; van; variable; variety; vascular; virus; vulnerability; weiner; williams; years; zrzavy
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        item: #74 of 103
          id: fnp-3792
      author: None
       title: Cerebrovascular disease lesions are additive and tied to vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment
        date: None
       words: 6093
      flesch: 47
     summary: Indeed, several ‘vascular’ risk factors are also AD risk factors and previous studies have suggested that up to 35% of late-life dementia may be preventable by targeting multiple risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking, depression, cognitive inactivity, and physical inactivity (1,27,28). Similarly, clinical AD dementia cases were twice as likely as NI cases to have either single or multiple cerebrovascular lesions (OR 2.24, 1.50 - 3.36, p<0.001).
    keywords: ad pathology; ad spectrum; additive; age; ageing; alzheimer; amyloid; analysis; arteriolosclerosis; atherosclerosis; autopsy; available; brain; caa; cases; cerebrovascular; cerebrovascular disease; cerebrovascular lesions; change; clinical; cognitive; cognitive impairment; cohort; common; cortex; cortical; cvd; data; degeneration; dementia; diabetes; diagnoses; disease; events; factors; hemorrhages; high; history; hypertension; impairment; incidence; individuals; infarcts; lacunar; large; leptomeningeal; lesions; level; likely; matter; microinfarcts; model; moderate; multiple; neurodegenerative; neuropathologic; occipital; overall; p<0.01; pathologies; pathology; presence; present; primary; risk; risk factors; severe; similar; single; spectrum; stroke; study; subgroup; table; vascular risk; vcing; white
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        item: #75 of 103
          id: fnp-3795
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology studies of dementia in US persons other than non-Hispanic whites
        date: None
       words: 8130
      flesch: 48
     summary: Alzheimers Dement 2019;15:292-312. Barnes LL, Leurgans S, Aggarwal NT, et al. Mixed pathology is more likely in black than white decedents with Alzheimer dementia. Furthermore, studies can have certain inclusion and exclusion criteria that may hinder participation in select groups; for example, exclusion of CVD for AD studies may decrease frequencies of certain minority groups with higher frequencies of CVD50.
    keywords: adrd; adults; african; age; aging; alzheimer; alzheimer disease; americans; amyloid; arteriolosclerosis; asian; asian americans; autopsy; available; beliefs; black; black americans; braak; brain; bureau; caa; california; care; caribbean; categories; census; center; cerebrovascular; clinical; cognitive; cohort; community; criteria; cultural; data; davis; decedents; demented; dementia; demographic; diagnosis; differences; disease; diverse; diversity; donation; et al; ethnic; ethnicity; ethnoracial; exclusion; factors; filshtein; findings; greater; groups; haas; health; heterogeneity; higher; hispanics; honolulu; impairment; incidence; inclusion; increase; individuals; infarcts; japanese; knowledge; largest; latinos; likely; limited; literature; mehta; minority; multiple; national; native; need; neuritic; neurol; neurology; neuropathological; neuropathology; nft; nfts; nhws; non; november; older; origin; overall; papers; participants; pathologies; persons; plaques; population; prevalence; public; race; racial; recruitment; related; research; results; retention; review; risk; similar; social; south; states; studies; study; subgroups; substantial; table; terms; trials; u.s; ucsd; underrepresented; understanding; united; vascular; vascular dementia; white; years
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        item: #76 of 103
          id: fnp-3801
      author: None
       title: Neurodevelopmental disorders: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 9321
      flesch: 44
     summary: Mitra et al. have now developed a new bioinformatic tool capable of analyzing TRs in people with ASD and their family members [56]. This study used three times more genomes as compared to the analysis of Mitra et al., thus substantially increasing the statistical power.
    keywords: activity; ags; aicardi; alterations; altered; alternative; archaic; architecture; arid1b; asd; associated; astrocytes; atp; authors; autism; baf; barcelona; behavior; binding; brain; calcium; cause; cell; cellular; changes; chromatin; coffin; complex; components; composition; cortical; cre; damage; dependent; different; disability; disease; disorders; dna; dynamics; dysfunction; et al; evs; expression; extracellular; fact; factors; field; ftsj1; function; genes; genetic; genome; goutières; help; hipscs; human; ifn; impact; impaired; important; induced; intellectual; interaction; ip3r2; levels; mechanisms; mecp2; med; memory; methylation; mice; mitochondrial; mitovesicles; models; molecular; mouse; mutations; nature; ndds; network; neural; neurodevelopmental; neurodevelopmental disorders; neuronal; neurons; neuropathological; neuropathology; neurosci; new; nova1; nova1ar; nova1hu; novo; number; organoids; pak3; patients; phenotypes; post; potential; processes; protein; recent; reduced; regulation; related; resolution; rho; rna; rnaseh2bnes; role; rtt; sci; science; signaling; single; siris; social; specific; spectrum; splicing; studies; study; synaptic; syndrome; system; tandem; tools; transcriptional; translation; trna; trs; type; understanding; year
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        item: #77 of 103
          id: fnp-3804
      author: None
       title: Neurooncology: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 8840
      flesch: 39
     summary: Many of these cell states mirror the neurodevelopmental hierarchy, and it has been suggested that tumor cells can transition between more or less differentiated states. Bressan RB et al.
    keywords: acta; activity; amsterdam; analysis; approach; assessment; authors; brain; cancer; cell; cfdna; changes; characteristics; characterized; children; classification; clinical; clonal; cns; cns tumors; cns5; cnvs; csf; data; diagnosis; different; diffuse; disease; distinct; dna; dname; driver; edition; enriched; et al; example; expression; findings; fluoxetine; gbm; gbms; gene; genome; genomic; glioblastoma; gliomas; grade; grading; groups; growth; h3.3; heterogeneity; high; histological; human; idh; immune; increased; information; integrated; k27; like; lines; liquid; list; loss; low; maas; malignant; management; medulloblastoma; meningiomas; metastases; methylation; mice; molecular; multi; mutant; mutation; nature; neuro; neuronal; neurooncology; neuropathol; new; nf1; normal; number; oncogenic; oncol; optic; papers; particular; pathology; patients; pediatric; presence; recurrence; results; review; risk; rnaseq; role; samples; sequencing; single; somatic; states; stem; studies; study; subtypes; system; therapeutic; time; tissue; topic; treatment; tumors; types; variants; wang
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        item: #78 of 103
          id: fnp-3805
      author: None
       title: Neuromuscular disease: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 12697
      flesch: 35
     summary: These findings were replicated in two mouse models of GARS-CMT, with tRNAGly overexpression resulting in an essentially complete behavioral, physiologic, and pathologic rescue of peripheral neuropathy (Zuko et al., 2021). In contrast, MLIP deletion in murine skeletal muscle led to increased central nucleation but no obvious neuromuscular phenotype (Liu et al., 2020).
    keywords: abnormalities; accumulation; activation; addition; advances; affected; alfa; alglucosidase; anti; arlhon; assm; association; authors; autophagy; autosomal; axonal; barre; biallelic; biopsies; biopsy; body; brain; capillaries; capillary; cargo; cases; cause; cell; cellular; changes; chronic; clear; clinical; cmt; cohort; complex; contrast; cov-2; covid-19; data; defect; deletion; diagnostic; different; disease; dnajc30; early; efficacy; electron; endomysial; endoneurial; et al; evidence; expression; factor; features; fiber; field; figure; findings; function; gaa; gars; gbs; gene; genetic; guillain; hereditary; high; human; iim; immune; imnm; important; inclusion; increase; individuals; induction; infection; inflammatory; initial; injury; interesting; isr; large; lhon; likely; link; long; lopd; loss; macrophages; margeta; mct1; membrane; mhc; mice; microscopy; mild; missense; mlip; model; module; motor; mouse; muscle; muscle biopsies; mutations; mxa; myopathies; myopathy; myositis; nerve; neurol; neuromuscular; neuromuscular disease; neuropathy; new; novel; number; observed; onset; optic; pathogenesis; pathology; patients; peripheral; phenotype; pompe; protein; recessive; regeneration; repair; response; results; review; risk; role; safety; sars; sclerosis; severe; significant; similar; skeletal; skeletal muscle; small; smpx; specific; ssc; stress; studies; study; subtypes; syndrome; synthesis; synthetase; systemic; therapy; tissue; treatment; trials; trna; underlying; upregulation; variants; viral; vwa1; weakness; work; year
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        item: #79 of 103
          id: fnp-3806
      author: None
       title: Alzheimer’s disease is an inherent, natural part of human brain aging: an integrated perspective
        date: None
       words: 70244
      flesch: 51
     summary: Masters CL, Bateman R, Blennow K, et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410140502 McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al.
    keywords: 20s; 4rtau; a2a; aberrant; abnormal; abnormal tau; abnormalities; abundant; acad; accumulation; acetylcholine; ach; ache; acid; acta; acta neuropathol; actin; activation; activities; activity; ad alzheimer; ad neuropathologic; ad pathology; addition; adenine; adenosine; adenosyl; adult; advanced; affected; affinity; aged; ageing; aggregates; aggregation; allele; alonso; alpha; alterations; altered; alternative; alzheimer brain; alzheimer dementia; alzheimer disease; alzheimer res; alzheimer type; alzheimers dis; amino; ampa; amygdala; amyloid; amyloid angiopathy; amyloid beta; amyloid cascade; amyloid deposits; amyloid oligomers; amyloid pathology; amyloid plaques; amyloid precursor; amyloid production; amyloid protein; amyloid species; amyloid β; amyloidogenic; amyotrophic; analysis; andrés; animals; annu; antagonists; apoe; apoeε4; apolipoprotein; apoptosis; app; appearance; approach; arch; areas; arendt; argyrophilic; aspartate; assembly; assessment; associated; association; astrocytes; astroglial; atherosclerosis; atp; atrophy; autophagy; available; avila; axis; axonal; aβ1; aβ40; aβ42; bace1; bacteria; barrier; basal; basalis; basis; bbb; bdnf; bearing; beginning; behav; bell; benito; bennett; beta; bin1; binding; biochem; biochemical; biochemistry; biological; biology; biomarkers; biophys; blood; bodies; body; body disease; br j; braak; brain aging; brain barrier; brain changes; brain pathol; brain proteins; brain regions; brain res; brain tau; brain tissue; brains; brainstem; bri2; burden; butterfield; ca1; ca2; calbindin; calcium; calretinin; cannabinoid; capacities; capacity; carmona; cascade; cases; caspase; causative; cause; cb2; cell; cell neurosci; cellular; centenarians; central; cerad; cerebral; cerebral amyloid; cerebral cortex; cerebrospinal; cerebrovascular; cerebrovascular disease; certain; chain; changes; channels; chaperone; characteristics; characterization; characterized; chem; chemokines; chen; cholesterol; cholinergic; chromosome; classical; classification; clearance; cleavage; clinical; clusterin; cns; coding; coeruleus; cognition; cognitive; cognitive impairment; cold; combination; combined; common; comparison; complement; complementary; complex; components; composition; conditions; conformational; connectivity; consistent; content; continuum; contrast; contribute; contribution; controls; core; correlates; correlation; corresponding; cortex; cortical; cpg; cr1; criteria; crucial; csf; cumulative; curr alzheimer; current; cycle; cytokines; cytoplasmic; cytoskeleton; dags; damage; data; death; decline; decrease; defects; deficits; degeneration; degradation; degrading; demented; dementia; dendritic; dense; density; dentate; dependent; deposition; deposits; development; dha; diagnosis; dickson; differences; different; different brain; different tau; differential; difficult; diffuse; dinucleotide; direct; discovery; disease amyloid; disease beta; disease brain; disease cell; disease drug; disease hippocampus; disease mice; disease modification; disease mouse; disease pathogenesis; disease pathology; disease patients; disease progression; disease risk; disease stages; disease subjects; disease tau; disease type; diseases; disorders; disruption; distinct; distribution; diversity; dna; domain; dominant alzheimer; dopamine; dorsal; double; downregulation; drugs; dysfunction; dysregulation; dystrophic; earliest; early; early alzheimer; early stages; eds; effects; elderly; electron; emission; endocannabinoids; endocytosis; endogenous; endoplasmic; endothelial; energy; enriched; entorhinal; entorhinal cortex; entry; enzymes; epigenetic; et al; eur j; event; evidence; evolution; excitatory; excitotoxicity; exosomes; exp neurol; expression; extracellular; extrasynaptic; factor; fad; failure; familial alzheimer; family; fatty; ferrer; fibrils; figure; filaments; fischer; flow; fluid; forebrain; formation; forms; francis; free; frontal; frontal cortex; functional; fungal; fungi; gaba; gabaergic; genetic; genome; genotype; geriatr; glial; glucose; glutamate; glutamate receptors; glutamatergic; glutamine; glycation; goedert; golgi; gonzález; gpcr; grain disease; granulovacuolar; group; growth; gsk3β; guanine; guanosine; guidelines; guo; gut; gvd; gyrus; hallmarks; health; helical; herpes; high; higher; hippocampus; histone; hof; homeostasis; host; hsv-1; ht4; huang; human aging; human alzheimer; human brain; human tau; humans; hydroxymethylation; hyman; hyper; hyperphosphorylation; hypothesis; identification; iii; ikonomovic; imaging; immune; immunization; immunohistochemical; immunol; immunoproteasome; immunoreactive; immunotherapy; impact; impaired; impairment; implications; important; increased; individuals; induced; induction; infection; inflammasome; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; inhibition; inhibitors; innate; inoculation; insoluble; institute; insulin; int; int j; integrity; interactions; intercellular; intermediate; intervention; intracerebral; intraneuronal; involvement; ionotropic; iqbal; isoforms; isolated; j alzheimer; j biol; j cell; j clin; j comp; j exp; j mol; j neurol; j neurosci; j pathol; jama; jellinger; johnson; jones; key; kim; kinase; lactate; lancet; large; later; lateral; lee; lesions; lett; levels; lewy; life; ligands; like; likely; limbic; link; lipid; lipofuscin; lipoxidation; liu; load; lobe; localization; loci; locus; long; longitudinal; loss; love; low; lower; lysine; lysosomal; magnetic; main; maintenance; major; majority; manifestations; mapt; markers; masliah; mass; masters; matter; mcgeer; mci; mechanisms; med; mediators; membrane; memory; metabolism; metabotropic; methionine; method; methylation; mglurs; mice; microbiota; microglia; microorganisms; microrna; microscopy; microtubule; middle; mild; mild alzheimer; miners; mirnas; mitochondrial; model; moderate alzheimer; modifications; modified; modulates; modulation; mol; mol brain; mol sci; molecular; molecules; monkeys; monophosphate; morphological; morrison; mortem; mouse; mouse brain; mrna; mufson; multiple; muscarinic; mutant; mutations; myelin; nachrs; nat; national; natl; natural; nature; neocortex; neocortical; nerve; nervous; networks; neurites; neuritic; neurobiol; neurobiol dis; neurochem; neurodegeneration; neurodegenerative disease; neurofibrillary; neurogenesis; neuroimaging; neuroinflammation; neurol; neurological; neurology; neuronal; neuronal tau; neurons; neuropathol; neuropathol exp; neuropathological; neuropathology; neuropharmacology; neuroscience; neurotoxicity; neurotransmission; neurotransmitter; neurotrophic; neurovascular; new; nft; nft pathology; nft stages; nfts; ngf; nia; nicotinic; nlrp3; nmda; nmdars; non; noradrenaline; noradrenergic; norepinephrine; normal aging; normal brain; novel; novel tau; nuclear; nuclei; nucleus; number; nunomura; observations; old; older; olfactory; oligodendrocytes; oligomers; onset alzheimer; opin; opioid; orexin; organization; origin; oxidation; oxidative; p75ntr; pamplona; paraffin; parallel; parietal; parkinson; parkinson disease; participate; particular; partners; parvalbumin; pathological tau; pathologies; pathways; pattern; people; peptides; pericytes; peripheral; perivascular; perry; perspective; pet; phagocytosis; pharmacol; pharmacological; phase; phenotype; phosphate; phosphatidylinositol; phosphorylation; physical; physiological; pisa; plaques; plasma; plasticity; plc; plos; pmid; point; populations; positive; possibility; possible; post; potential; precede; preclinical alzheimer; precursor; precursor protein; predominant; presence; presenilin; present; prevalence; previous; price; primary; primates; prion; prion protein; proc; process; processes; processing; prodromal alzheimer; production; products; profiles; prog brain; progressive; progressive alzheimer; promoter; prongf; propagation; properties; proteasome; protective; protein; protein expression; protein kinase; protein phosphorylation; protein receptor; protein synthesis; proteomics; prpc; ps1; psen1; psychiatry; purine; pyramidal; pérez; quantitative; rafts; raphe; rapid; rare; rat brain; recent; receptors; redox; reduced; regional; regions; regulation; related; relationship; release; relevance; relevant; rep; research; reserve; resilience; resistant; resonance; responses; results; reticulum; rev; rev neurosci; review; ribosomal; risk; rnas; rodríguez; role; rpad; rrna; sad; sagare; samples; sanchez; scheinker disease; science; sclerosis; second; secondary; secretase; secretion; section; seeding; seeds; selective; senile; sequencing; series; serotonin; serotoninergic; signaling; signals; significant; similar; simplex; single; sites; sleep; slight; small; smith; soluble; source; species; specific; spectrometry; spectrum; spines; sporadic alzheimer; spreading; sprouting; sps; stages; staging; state; status; strains; strategies; stress; structure; studies; study; subfamily; subiculum; subjects; subpopulation; substrates; subtypes; subunits; sultana; support; surface; survival; symptomatic; symptoms; synapses; synaptic; synaptic tau; syndrome; synthase; synthesis; system; table; tangles; targeting; targets; tau; tau accumulation; tau aggregates; tau deposition; tau deposits; tau expression; tau levels; tau oligomers; tau pathology; tau pet; tau phosphorylation; tau protein; tau seeding; tau species; tau transgenic; tauopathies; tauopathy; temporal; terminal; thal; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; time; tissue; tomography; total; transcription; transentorhinal; transfer; transgenic; translational; transmission; transport; transporters; treatment; trem2; trends; triggering; trkb; truncation; turn; ubiquitin; ultrastructural; understanding; update; upregulated; ups; uptake; usa; variable; variants; vascular; verkhratsky; vesicles; vesicular; vessels; virus; visual; vivo; vulnerability; vulnerable; wang; weight; weller; white; wide; widespread; yan; years; zhang; zhao; zhu
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        item: #80 of 103
          id: fnp-3809
      author: None
       title: My pathway to a career in neuropathology
        date: None
       words: 11029
      flesch: 67
     summary: I won a Commonwealth Scholarship to Sydney University and commenced Dentistry in 1961. The Faculty of Medicine at Sydney University formally came into being on 13 June 1856 and thus is the oldest Faculty of Medicine in Australia and New Zealand.
    keywords: able; aboriginal; adams; additional; alcohol; alfred; american; annual; australia; autopsies; autopsy; award; bank; beginning; blackburn; bob; brain; byron; career; cases; children; clinical; clive; colleagues; conference; country; course; damage; day; department; dinner; director; disease; europe; excellence; family; figure; forensic; foundation; french; friends; garrick; general; glasgow; gonatas; good; grant; great; group; harper; head; health; help; home; hospital; house; huge; hume; idea; institute; international; involved; isbra; jim; job; john; jordan; kretschmann; kril; later; lausanne; left; life; local; london; lot; main; medical; medicine; meeting; members; michael; months; morning; neurology; neuropathologists; neuropathology; neurosciences; neurosurgery; new; nsw; number; old; perth; peter; philadelphia; position; postgraduate; prince; professor; program; raymond; research; roger; royal; rpah; rsa; school; senior; society; sri; staff; stephan; students; study; support; sydney; teaching; therese; time; trainees; training; travel; university; visit; week; wernicke; wife; work; working; world; years; york
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        item: #81 of 103
          id: fnp-3811
      author: None
       title: A potential diagnostic pitfall: Primary synovial sarcoma of the central nervous system
        date: None
       words: 2330
      flesch: 52
     summary: Tumor cells were immunonegative for AE1/AE3, CK7, CK20, CK18, SSTR2A, EMA, CD34, STAT6, CD45, CD99, NUT, Olig2, GFAP, SOX10, PS100, HMB45, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, NeuN, neurofilament, desmin, and smooth muscle actin. A potential diagnostic pitfall: Primary synovial sarcoma of the central nervous system Feel free to add comments by clicking these icons on the sidebar Free Neuropathology 3:11 (2022) Letter A potential diagnostic pitfall: Primary synovial sarcoma of the central nervous system Arnault Tauziède-Espariat1,2, Nicolas Macagno3, Daniel Pissaloux3, Dominique Figarella-Branger4,5, Romain Appay4,5, Dorian Bochaton6, Sanaa Tazi7, Paul Kauv8, Lauren Hasty1, Alice Métais1,2, Fabrice Chrétien1, Pascale Varlet1,2 1 Department of Neuropathology, GHU Paris - Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France 2 INSERM, IMA-BRAIN, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, Université de Paris, UMR S1266, Paris, France 3 Department of Biopathology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France 4 Department of Pathology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France 5 INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France 6 Institut Curie Hospital, Laboratory of Somatic Genetics, Paris, France 7 Department of Neurosurgery, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France 8 Department of Radiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France Corresponding author: Arnault Tauziède-Espariat · Department of Neuropathology · GHU Paris - Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Sainte-Anne Hospital · 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris ·
    keywords: bcor; cancer; cases; cells; central; classification; cns; department; diagnosis; diffuse; dna; expression; figure; france; fusion; genes; ghu; hospital; immunoexpression; intracranial; intraventricular; like; literature; low; magnification; methylation; molecular; nervous; neuropathology; oncol; paris; pathol; patient; primary; protein; psychiatry; round; sainte; sarcoma; soft; spindle; ss18; ssx; study; synovial; synovial sarcoma; system; tissue; toulouse; tumor; x400; zhang
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        item: #82 of 103
          id: fnp-3813
      author: None
       title: Neuropathology and epilepsy surgery: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 9571
      flesch: 42
     summary: International recommendation for a comprehensive neuropathologic workup of epilepsy surgery brain tissue: A consensus Task Force report from the ILAE Commission on Diagnostic Methods. The creation of a comprehensive DNA methylation-based atlas will establish the epigenetic basis for neuronal diversity and spatial organization throughout the mammalian brain, being also instrumental when developing a human methylome brain atlas in the near future, including epilepsy surgery brain samples from various disorders, e.g. cortical malformations and hippocampal sclerosis.
    keywords: access; acta; agreement; altered; analysis; animal; approach; author; available; axonal; blumcke; braf; brain; cases; cause; cell; changes; classification; classifier; clinical; clinico; cohort; common; comprehensive; consensus; controls; coras; cortical; cortical development; creative; csf; data; deep; dendritic; development; diagnostic; different; diffuse; digital; disease; dna; dna methylation; droplet; drug; dysmorphic; dysplasia; early; entities; epilepsia; epilepsy; epilepsy surgery; epileptic; epileptogenic; epileptology; et al; evidence; fcd; features; figure; findings; focal; focal cortical; frequency; genes; genetic; genotype; grade; gwmb; heterotopic; hippocampal; histopathological; histopathology; holthausen; human; hyperplasia; ilae; immunohistochemical; impact; international; kim; layer; leat; left; lesion; level; lobe; lobe epilepsy; long; loss; low; malformations; management; marker; matter; mcd; methylation; mild; mmcd; moghe; molecular; mosaicism; mri; mtle; mtor; mutations; neocortex; neuroepithelial; neurol; neuronal; neurons; neuropathology; new; non; normal; oligodendroglial; onset; open; panel; pathway; patients; phenotype; positive; post; resistant; review; samples; scheme; sclerosis; seizure; series; severe; single; slc35a2; somatic; specific; specimens; studies; study; subtypes; surgery; surgical; targeted; temporal; term; testing; tissue; topic; treatment; tumor; type; update; v600e; variants; white; work
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        item: #83 of 103
          id: fnp-3864
      author: None
       title: Malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumor with PRKAR1A, KMT2C and GNAQ mutations
        date: None
       words: 4765
      flesch: 52
     summary: Scattered melanin was identified within tumor cells and melanophages (Figure 3B and 3F). Tumor cells were diffusely immunopositive for SOX10, HMB-45, and Melan-A (Figure 4B).
    keywords: 22q; acta; aggressive; analysis; areas; bone; braf; cancer; carney; case; cells; center; central; checkpoint; chromosome; classification; clinical; complex; copy; data; department; disease; dna; epithelioid; expression; features; figure; gains; ganglion; gene; genomic; gnaq; gnaq mutations; histologic; inhibitors; international; kmt2c; lesions; lobular; loss; louisville; malignant; mass; melanocytoma; melanoma; melanotic; melanotic schwannoma; metastases; methylation; missense; mmnst; months; mutations; myc; negative; neoplasms; nerve; nervous; nf1; nuclear; number; pain; pathology; patient; peripheral; perry; posterior; present; prkar1a; protein; psammomatous; pseudocapsule; radiation; rare; research; resection; reticulin; right; s100; sacral; schwannoma; score; sheath; soft; spinal; spindle; staining; study; subunit; surg; surgery; syndrome; system; tissue; tumor; tumours; type; umap; university; usa; von; year
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        item: #84 of 103
          id: fnp-3866
      author: None
       title: Neurodegeneration: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 5710
      flesch: 45
     summary: https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12644 Farrell, K., Kim, S., Han, N., Iida, M. A., Gonzalez, E. M., Otero-Garcia, M., Walker, J. M., Richardson, T. E., Renton, A. E., Andrews, S. J., Fulton-Howard, B., Humphrey, J., Vialle, R. A., Bowles, K. R., de Paiva Lopes, K., Whitney, K., Dangoor, D. K., Walsh, H., Marcora, E., … Crary, J. F. (2022). Acta Neuropathologica, 141(3), 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-021-02269-4 Janocko, N. J., Brodersen, K. A., Soto-Ortolaza, A. I., Ross, O. A., Liesinger, A. M., Duara, R., Graff-Radford, N. R., Dickson, D. W., & Murray, M. E. (2012).
    keywords: acta; age; aging; alzheimer; amyloid; association; authors; body; braak; brain; burden; cases; cells; cellular; changes; chronic; class; cognitive; consensus; covid-19; crary; criteria; critical; cte; dementia; diagnosis; disease; dystrophic; encephalopathy; et al; evidence; expression; family; figure; genes; genetic; human; huntington; infection; jade1; journal; large; lewy; long; malformations; mckee; microglia; molecular; myeloid; neurodegeneration; neuropathological; neuropathology; new; number; parkinson; pathology; pathways; peripheral; permission; post; proteinopathy; research; role; sars; signaling; staging; studies; study; subtypes; system; tauopathies; tauopathy; tdp-43; tmem106b; total; traumatic; vegf
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        item: #85 of 103
          id: fnp-3910
      author: None
       title: Neurovascular disease: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 6283
      flesch: 44
     summary: The next two papers focus on B cells, which have been relatively understudied in the context of brain injury. Taken together, this study showed that skull bone marrow provides an accessible source of B cells that are locally educated by CNS-derived antigens.
    keywords: aav; accumulation; aging; amyloid; antigen; arterioles; arteriovenous; authors; b cells; bavms; blood; bone; bone marrow; borders; br1; brain; caa; cancer; capillary; ccm; ccms; cd4; cells; cerebral; changes; clinical; cns; conditions; cortical; critical; data; days; development; disease; distinct; dural; early; endothelial; endothelial cells; epvs; expression; figure; flow; function; gene; growth; hemorrhage; hgps; higher; houston; human; immune; impaired; important; inflammatory; injury; intracerebral; ischemic; kras; krasg12v; like; loss; malformations; marrow; matter; mek; meningeal; meninges; mice; microglia; models; monocytes; mouse; mri; mutations; myeloid; neuroinflammation; neurovascular; novel; papers; patients; pericytes; perivascular; phd; pik3ca; plaques; population; presence; prior; propagation; pvs; recent; repair; role; senescence; signaling; single; skull; slow; stroke; studies; study; symptomatic; t cells; tissue; topic; treg; treg cells; vascular; vessels; vivo; white; work
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        item: #86 of 103
          id: fnp-4076
      author: None
       title: Pigmented ependymoma, a tumor with predilection for the middle-aged adult: case report with methylation classification and review of 16 literature cases
        date: None
       words: 3681
      flesch: 49
     summary: In this case report, we present a pigmented ependymoma in the fourth ventricle of an adult patient and review 16 additional cases of pigmented ependymoma from the literature. Our analysis of all 17 cases, including the one presented, shows that pigmented ependymomas are most common in the middle-aged with a median age of 42 years and most have a favorable outcome.
    keywords: 200x; 400x; additional; age; analysis; areas; arrowhead; blue; brown; case; cells; central; clinical; common; contrast; department; dna; ependymal; ependymoma; epn_pfb; fig; figure; follow; fossa; fourth; frozen; grey; group; h3k27me3; irvine; journal; lipofuscin; literature; loss; mass; medicine; melanin; melanotic; methylation; molecular; negative; nervous; neuromelanin; old; orange; outcomes; pathology; patient; perivascular; pigmented; posterior; primary; profile; red; report; resection; review; school; sections; sfig; signal; spinal; staining; study; surgical; treatment; tumor; usa; ventricle; year
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        item: #87 of 103
          id: fnp-4121
      author: None
       title: 5th Asian Oceanian Congress of Neuropathology along with the 5th Annual Conference of the Neuropathology Society of India (AOCN-NPSICON) - Meeting Abstracts
        date: None
       words: 16997
      flesch: 37
     summary: Material and methods: One hundred gliomas (WHO grade II–IV) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 expressing tumor cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte subsets (TILs; CD4, CD8, FOXP3, CTLA4) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs; CD68, CD163). PD-1 is expressed on activated T cells while PDL-1 is expressed on antigen presenting tumor cells.
    keywords: abstract; activation; activity; adenoma; adults; age; aiims; alterations; analysis; anaplastic; ano5; areas; associated; association; astroblastoma; astrocytoma; atrx; atypical; axial; bangalore; bengaluru; bhopal; bilateral; biology; biopsy; blood; braf; brafv600e; brain; candida; case; cells; centre; cerebellum; cerebral; cfdna; chain; changes; children; chitra; christian; classification; clinical; clinicopathological; cns; cohort; college; common; complex; complexes; conclusion; controls; cord; correlation; cortical; csf; data; ddpcr; delhi; demyelination; department; diagnosis; different; diffuse; disease; disorders; distal; dmf; dysfunction; dystrophy; early; emt; enzyme; ependymoma; epilepsy; evaluation; examination; expression; extra; ezhip; fcd; features; findings; follow; free; free neuropathol; frequency; frontal; fusion; genetic; gliomas; grade; group; h3k27; headache; high; higher; hippocampus; histological; histopathological; histopathology; hospital; hyderabad; idh1; ihc; iii; immune; immunohistochemistry; india; india 2; india background; india institute; injury; interventional; intracranial; involvement; isolated; jodhpur; kiaa1549::braf; large; left; lesions; literature; lobe; location; loss; low; mahajan1; male; malignant; management; markers; mass; material; median; medical; medical sciences; medicine; medulloblastoma; mehar; meningiomas; meningitis; methods; midline; mitochondrial; model; molecular; months; moya; mri; multiple; muscle; muscular; mutant; mutation; national; negative; nerve; neurology; neuropathol; neuropathology; neurosciences; neurosurgery; new; new delhi; nimhans; non; normal; objectives; odg; old; onset; operative; outcome; p53; pain; pathology; patients; pattern; pcr; pdl1; pediatric; phenotypes; pit-1; pleomorphic; positive; post; present; primary; profile; prognosis; promoter; proteins; ptert; pxa; radiological; radiology; rare; recurrence; reduced; region; report; respiratory; results; right; risk; role; ryr1; samples; sarcoma; sciences; seizures; sharma1; significant; silent; specific; spinal; squash; status; stbi; stratification; stress; studies; study; suri1; survival; swati; syndrome; syndromic; tata; temporal; til; tissue; total; treatment; tumors; tumour; unusual; v600e; vaishali; variable; variants; vellore; weakness; white; wildtype; years; zoster
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        item: #88 of 103
          id: fnp-4210
      author: None
       title: From Research to Diagnostic Application of Raman Spectroscopy in Neurosciences: Past and Perspectives
        date: None
       words: 23386
      flesch: 52
     summary: Wiercigroch E, Szafraniec E, Czamara K, et al. Raman and infrared spectroscopy of carbohydrates: A review. Santos IP, Barroso EM, Bakker Schut TC, et al. Raman spectroscopy for cancer detection and cancer surgery guidance: translation to the clinics.
    keywords: abramczyk; acid; acs; acta; activity; additional; advanced raman; advances; affected; aggregates; aggregation; algorithms; als; alzheimer; amyloid; amyotrophic; anal chem; analysis; analyst; anti; applications; applied; approach; areas; artifacts; ashton; assessment; associated; background; bacterial; bands; basel; bergner; beta; binding; bioanal; biochemical; biochemistry; biological; biological raman; biology; biomarkers; biomed; biomedical; biomol; biophotonics; biophys; biopsies; blood; brain; brain cancer; brain injury; brain tissue; brain tumor; breast; cancer; capable; cars; case; cells; cerebral; cerebrospinal; certain; challenges; changes; characterization; chem; chen; classification; clinical; clustering; cns; coherent; coherent raman; combination; common; comparison; components; composition; computational; content; contrast; control; cord; corresponding; current; data; deckert; deep; demyelination; department; detailed; detection; development; diagnosis; differences; different; differentiation; dimensional; discrimination; disease; disorders; distinct; dopamine; early; effect; energy; et al; evaluation; examination; excitation; experimental; express; extracellular; features; ffpe; fiber; fibrils; field; figure; fingerprint; fixation; flow; fluid; fluorescence; focus; formalin; formation; free; fresh; frozen; ftir; functional; future; general; glass; glioblastoma; glioma; gold; grades; groups; handheld; healthy; high; higher; hippocampus; histopathology; hollon; huang; human; human brain; hyperspectral; identification; images; incident; inelastic; infrared; infrared raman; infrared spectroscopy; injury; insight; insulin; intensity; interaction; interest; intraoperative; invasive; investigation; ischemia; j biomed; j mol; j phys; j raman; jermyn; kast; kim; krafft; label; large; laser; lateral; learning; lednev; lee; lens; lett; light; lipid; literature; liu; live; low; luxembourg; machine; mapping; martin; mater; measurements; medicine; membrane; meningioma; meningitis; metabolic; metal; methods; mice; microscopy; mitochondrial; miura; model; molecular; molecule; monitoring; morais; mouse; mri; multimodal; multiple; muscular; myelin; nanoparticles; native; near; necrosis; nerve; neurodegenerative; neuronal; neurooncol; neurosci; neuroscience; neurosurg; neurotransmitters; new; noise; non; normal; novel; number; oncology; opt; optical; order; overview; paraffin; parkinson; pathological; pathology; patients; peaks; peptide; peripheral; pezzotti; photons; phys; plaques; plasma; plos; point; popp; possible; post; potential; pre; presence; primary; prion; probe; process; processing; properties; protein; quantitative; questions; ralbovsky; raman analysis; raman bands; raman data; raman effect; raman histology; raman images; raman imaging; raman mapping; raman measurements; raman microscopy; raman microspectroscopy; raman optical; raman peaks; raman scattering; raman signal; raman spectra; raman spectroscopy; raman techniques; range; rapid; rat brain; rats; reader; reading; real; recent; regions; rehman; related; relevant; rep; requirements; research; resonance raman; results; retina; rev; review; s. raman; sample; scattered; sci; sclerosis; screening; secondary; sections; selective; sers; serum; serum raman; set; setup; shi; signal; signature; significant; similar; single; skull; slides; small; source; special; specific; specimens; spectral; spectrochim; spectrometer; spectroscopic; spectroscopic imaging; spectrum; spinal; state; stimulated; stimulated raman; stokes raman; stretching; stroke; structure; studies; study; substrate; surface; surgery; synuclein; system; tau; techniques; tian; time; tissue; tool; traumatic; tumor; types; understanding; use; vibrational; vibrational spectroscopy; visualization; vivo; vivo raman; vol; wang; wavelength; wavenumber; way; xie; yang; years; zhang; zhao; zhou
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        item: #89 of 103
          id: fnp-4285
      author: None
       title: Amygdala granular fuzzy astrocytes as lesions preceding development of argyrophilic grains: data from 239 autopsy cases
        date: None
       words: 1909
      flesch: 47
     summary: Department of Neuropsychiatry · Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine · Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2-5-1 Shikata-cho · Okayama 700-8558 · Japan oyokota1@yahoo.co.jp Submitted: 15 June 2022 Accepted: 21 July 2022 Copyedited by: Irati Bastero Published: 27 July 2022 https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2022-4285 Additional resources and electronic supplementary material: supplementary material Keywords: Amygdala, Argyrophilic grain disease, ARTAG, Blood vessel, Granular fuzzy astrocyte, Tau Cases of argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) frequently have astrocytes containing non-argyrophilic tau-positive fine granules in the foot processes sprouting from cell bodies in the amygdala. Astrocytes expressing hyperphosphorylated tau protein without glial fibrillary tangles in argyrophilic grain disease.
    keywords: agd; amygdala; amygdala gfas; argyrophilic; argyrophilic grains; astrocytes; at8; brain; cases; data; department; development; disease; frontal; fuzzy; gallyas; gfa stage; gfas; grains; granular; hospital; japan; lesions; method; neuropathol; okayama; pathological; positive; putamen; ratio; relationship; stage; tau; university
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        item: #90 of 103
          id: fnp-4365
      author: None
       title: Post-mortem neuropathologic examination of a 6-case series of CAR T-cell treated patients
        date: None
       words: 6323
      flesch: 39
     summary: In all cases, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in paraffin blocks for the detection of CAR T cells was performed. The remaining 4 cases only showed a mild patchy gliosis and microglial activation, and CAR T cells were detected by PCR only in one of them.
    keywords: activation; acute; antigen; ari-0001; associated; autopsy; barcelona; basal; blocks; blood; brain; car; car t; cases; cause; cd19; cd8; cell; cell therapy; cerebral; changes; chimeric; clasmatodendrosis; clinic; clinical; conditioning; cord; cortex; crs; cyclophosphamide; days; death; department; detection; diagnosis; diffuse; disease; encephalomyelitis; examination; failure; fever; figure; findings; fludarabine; frontal; ganglia; gfap; gliosis; gross; hemodynamic; hippocampus; histological; histology; hospital; infiltrates; infiltration; infusion; involvement; ischemic; isolated; leukemia; lymphocytic; lymphoma; matter; midbrain; mild; minimal; mri; multiple; negative; neurological; neuropathologic; neurotoxicity; non; old; paraffin; pathology; patients; pcr; perivascular; pmid; presence; progression; receptor; refractory; roche; scale; sections; severe; signs; spain; specific; spinal; study; symptoms; syndrome; t cells; therapy; tissue; treatment; university; virus; white; year
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        item: #91 of 103
          id: fnp-4366
      author: None
       title: 66th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) - Meeting Abstracts
        date: None
       words: 20336
      flesch: 28
     summary: Aims: To gain insight into the molecular features of migration and invasion of patient derived cell lines from MM brain metastases (BM) that were therapy-responsive or therapy-resistant to BRAFi, radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, we used the Incucyte® Live-Cell Analysis to perform high throughput scratch wound assays with patient derived cell lines, which were genetically modified leading to overexpression or downregulation of NGFR. Results:
    keywords: 1p/19q; accuracy; active; additional; adult; age; aims; akt1; algorithms; als; alterations; altered; alzheimer; analysis; andreas; approach; arrow; aspiro; associated; astrocytes; astrocytoma; asys; atl1; auf; autophagy; available; belgium; berlin; better; biomarker; biopsies; biopsy; body; braf; brain; cancer; cancer center; cases; cbd; cdkn2a; cell; cellular; center; center hamburg; central; changes; characterized; charité; children; chromosomal; chronic; classification; cleveland; clinical; cnn; cns; cnv; cohort; cologne; common; complement; complex; conclusions; consortium; contribute; control; cooperation; copy; correlation; cortical; course; csf; data; david; deep; density; department; dept; der; deutschland; deutschland background; diagnosis; die; different; disease; distinct; dkfz; dktk; dna; dosed; early; effects; efficacy; eine; epilepsy; eppendorf; erbb2; erlangen; european; evaluation; evidence; expression; fast; fat; fau; features; felix; ferritin; ffpe; figure; findings; focal; frankfurt; free; free neuropathol; frontal; fth1; function; für; gcipl; gene; general; generation; genetic; genome; genomic; genotype; german; german cancer; giessen; glioblastoma; gliomas; group; göttingen; hamburg; healthy; heidelberg; high; higher; hippocampus; histological; histology; histopathological; hospital heidelberg; human; idh; iim; image; immune; immunohistochemistry; impairment; impress; inclusion; inflammation; inflammatory; information; institute; iopd; justus; juvenile; klf4; large; late; learning; lesions; leuven; liebig; like; lobe; loms; long; lopd; loss; lower; major; map; markers; matter; mean; mechanisms; median; medical; medical center; medicine; meningiomas; methods; methylation; mice; migration; mit; model; moghe; molecular; months; mri; mtap; mtor; multiple; munich; muscle; mutant; mutations; myelinating; münchen; n=1; nerve; nervous; neurodegenerative; neurological; neurology; neuronal; neurons; neurooncology; neuropathological; neuropathology; neurosurgery; new; nf2; nmj; noms; non; noonan; normal; norway; novel; nuclear; number; nürnberg; old; oligodendrocytes; oligodendroglial; onset; order; oslo; outcome; p16; panel; participants; partner; pathology; pathway; patients; pattern; pcnsl; pediatric; peter; phase; phenotype; pnn; pompe; positive; potential; present; primary; profiles; profiling; protein; proteomic; psp; ptpn11; question; rapid; rare; reference; regions; regulated; related; relevant; remyelination; research; research center; response; results; retinal; role; samples; sat; sclerosis; score; sections; segmentation; sequencing; severity; sibm; signaling; significant; similar; single; skeletal; slides; somatic; specific; spectrum; sps; staining; states; study; subtypes; surrogate; survival; switzerland; syndrome; system; tdp-43; test; therapy; thickness; time; tissue; track; traf7; treatment; tspo; tumor; ulm; und; underlying; united; university; university hospital; university medical; universitätsklinikum; universitätsmedizin; use; validation; variants; variations; vat; vienna; von; white; wildtype; wir; xlmtm; years
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        item: #92 of 103
          id: fnp-4368
      author: None
       title: Ex situ perfusion fixation for brain banking: a technical report
        date: None
       words: 7842
      flesch: 50
     summary: Brain perfusion fixation in male pigs using a safer closed system. 5 µm FFPE tissue sections prepared from perfusion fixation brain tissue were baked for 1 hour at 70° C, and the RNAScope assay was run on the Leica BOND Rx automated slide stainer platform (Leica Biosystems).
    keywords: air; alternative; analysis; anterior; approach; areas; arteries; artery; banking; blood; blood vessels; brain; brain banking; brain perfusion; brain tissue; bubbles; cannulated; carotid; case; catheters; cell; cerebral; circle; circuit; container; cortex; data; department; echo; et al; figure; fixation; fixation procedure; fixative; flow; fluid; formalin; frontal; hemibrain; high; histology; hours; human; human brain; hybridization; hypointensities; icahn; images; imaging; immersion; injection; mcfadden; medicine; methods; minutes; morphology; mount; mri; new york; perfusate; perfused; perfusion; perfusion fixation; perfusion pressure; pmi; postmortem; potential; preservation; pressure; procedure; process; protocol; pump; quality; regions; report; research; rna; rnascope; rpm; school; sections; signal; sinai; situ; situ perfusion; skull; small; solution; specimen; speed; studies; study; time; tissue; usa; vessels; vivo; washout; willis; york
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        item: #93 of 103
          id: fnp-4369
      author: None
       title: Intraoperative confocal laser endomicroscopy for brain tumors - potential and challenges from a neuropathological perspective
        date: None
       words: 6428
      flesch: 38
     summary: While interpretation guidelines for CLE images are in their infancy in neuropathology, various interpretation criteria and classification systems have been developed and validated in urology and gastroenterology owing to the earlier adoption of CLE in these areas. These diagnostic systems use features of tissue and cellular architecture found in CLE images to distinguish normal from malignant tissue, or to distinguish between different types of lesions.
    keywords: accuracy; analysis; armamentarium; artifacts; aspects; assessment; available; barrett; benefit; bladder; brain; cancer; case; cells; challenges; cle; cle images; clinical; cns; confocal; confocal laser; consultation; contrast; convivo; criteria; current; cytology; detection; device; diagnostic; different; digital; dysplasia; endomicroscopy; esophagus; experience; features; field; figure; focus; frozen; future; gastroenterol; glioma; grade; h&e; high; histological; histology; images; imaging; implementation; individual; interest; interpretation; intraoperative; laser; lausanne; lesions; limitations; low; methods; molecular; morphological; neuropathologists; neuropathology; neurosurgery; new; normal; novel; nuclear; optical; paraffin; possible; potential; precision; presence; probe; processing; real; resection; role; routine; samples; sections; significant; similar; slides; specific; staining; standard; table; technical; techniques; telepathology; time; tissue; tumor; turnaround; types; use; useful; view; vivo; vivo cle; zeiss
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        item: #94 of 103
          id: fnp-4495
      author: None
       title: Neurotrauma: 2022 update
        date: None
       words: 5010
      flesch: 41
     summary: There are also several important updates that pertain to military and blast TBI, particularly as they pertain to establishing causality of interface astroglial scarring. Localizing clinical patterns of blast traumatic brain injury through computational modeling and simulation.
    keywords: age; alzheimer; associated; authors; axonal; bethesda; blast; brain; brain injury; cases; chronic; clinical; community; consensus; cortical; criteria; cte; dai; data; diagnostic; different; disease; encephalopathy; et al; exposure; features; figure; general; grey; head; head injury; history; human; imaging; impact; important; injury; interfaces; lancet; lesion; loc; long; matter; meeting; model; mri; multidimensional; neurol; neuropathological; neuropathology; neurotrauma; new; nibib; ninds; panel; pathology; patients; public; punisher; research; scarring; severe; significant; structural; studies; study; syndrome; tau; tbi; term; tes; traumatic; traumatic brain; usa; volume; white; year
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        item: #95 of 103
          id: fnp-4496
      author: None
       title: 62nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association of Neuropathologists - Association canadienne des neuropathologistes (CANP-ACNP)
        date: None
       words: 5155
      flesch: 26
     summary: Abstract 2: Utilizing neurodevelopmental time windows of hypoxic-ischemic pathology to infer brain maturity in patients with congenital cardiothoracic defects Abstract 3: Spinal nerve root blood in pediatric autopsy cases is not necessarily a marker of trauma at that site Abstract 4: Multifocal necrotizing leukoencephalopathy post-CoVID-19 infection: expanding the “neuro-CoVID” spectrum Abstract 5: Abstract 3 Free Neuropathol 3:25:6 Spinal nerve root blood in pediatric autopsy cases is not necessarily a marker of trauma at that site Marc R. Del Bigio1 1 Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba and Diagnostic Services Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Increasingly, the forensic examination of suspected child abuse cases includes dissection of the entire cervical spine; hemorrhage along nerve roots is postulated to indicate forces exerted by shaking.
    keywords: 62nd; abstract; acnp; amyloidoma; analysis; angeles; association; astrocyte; autopsy; brain; canada; canadian; canp; cases; cdh23; cells; centre; cerebellar; cerebral; changes; children; clinical; cns; cocaine; covid-19; david; department; development; disease; distinct; ecm; exposure; fibre; findings; free; ganglioglioma; geffen; grade; health; hemorrhage; high; histologic; hospital; human; idh; imaging; immune; infiltrative; injury; laboratory; laboratory medicine; leiomodin-1; london; los; manitoba; mass; medicine; meeting; methylation; molecular; months; mossy; mri; multifocal; multiple; nerve; neurological; neuropathol; neuropathological; neuropathology; old; pathological; pathology; patients; pattern; pcg; pediatric; plic; presence; results; samples; school; sciences; sclerosis; specific; spinal; studies; study; subtypes; texture; time; toronto; tumor; university; usa; vancouver; vivo; weeks; work; year
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        item: #96 of 103
          id: fnp-4675
      author: None
       title: Multiple sclerosis: 2023 update
        date: None
       words: 6974
      flesch: 41
     summary: Further support for the potential relevance of EBV specific humoral and/or cellular immune mediators in MS pathogenesis is the study by Schneider-Hohendorf et al. conducted on MS disease discordant monozygotic twins, showing a broader EBV-specific T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the affected one of the pair 11. Kaufmann et al.
    keywords: active; activity; ann; antibodies; antibody; authors; brain; cases; cells; challenge; changes; chronic; clinical; cns; contribute; controls; correlation; cortical; course; cross; csf; data; demyelinating; development; disability; disease; disease course; disease progression; early; ebv; et al; extensive; extent; factors; failure; features; findings; focal; glycoprotein; grey; high; human; imaging; immune; independent; inflammation; inflammatory; injury; lesions; loss; matter; mechanisms; meningeal; meninges; microbiome; microglia; mixed; mogad; multiple; multiple sclerosis; nature; neurodegeneration; neurol; new; number; oligodendrocyte; pathology; pathways; patients; periventricular; potential; progression; recent; relapse; remyelination; risk; role; samples; sclerosis; specific; studies; study; subpial; susceptibility; system; systemic; therapies; tissue; type; underlying; white; years
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        item: #97 of 103
          id: fnp-4682
      author: None
       title: Neuromuscular disease: 2023 update
        date: None
       words: 13708
      flesch: 35
     summary: Myopathy as a cause of fatigue in long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms: Histopathological changes in muscle fibers. (C) MHC-I is diffusely upregulated in muscle fibers.
    keywords: abnormalities; accumulation; activation; activity; acute; addition; adult; advances; aggregates; als; amyotrophic; anti; antibody; authors; autosomal; axonal; axons; basal; biopsies; biopsy; body; cases; cause; cells; central; changes; chaperones; checkpoint; chronic; clinical; cohort; colleagues; common; control; cov-2; covid-19; d4z4; deficiency; degeneration; deletion; development; diagnostic; differences; different; disease; disorders; distal; dnajb4; domain; dominant; dystrophy; early; emb; epigenetic; et al; evaluation; example; expression; facioscapulohumeral; failure; fatigue; features; fibers; figure; findings; formation; free; fshd; function; gbs; genetic; glial; gm1; groups; guillain; hif1α; human; immunohistochemistry; important; inclusion; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibitors; injury; inoue; intermediate; intramuscular; isoforms; key; lack; lamina; lateral; long; loss; macrophage; magnification; margeta; maturation; mechanisms; methylation; mfn2; mhc8; mice; mitochondrial; model; molecular; motor; mouse; muscle; muscle fibers; mutations; myhc; myofiber; myopathy; myositis; myotonic; nad+; negative; neo; nerve; neurol; neuromuscular; neuronal; neuropathy; new; nmnat2; nodal; non; normal; nuclear; onset; pasc; pathogenesis; pathology; patients; peripheral; phenotype; polymyositis; polyneuropathy; positive; post; prior; prominent; protein; regenerating; repeat; research; results; review; sarm1; sars; sclerosis; severe; sibm; significant; similar; site; skeletal; small; specific; spectrum; sporadic; stage; staining; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; target; tdp-43; testing; treatment; twigs; type; understanding; vacuoles; variants; vivo; wallerian; wang; weakness; zone
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        item: #98 of 103
          id: fnp-4696
      author: None
       title: Survey of Neuroanatomic Sampling and Staining Procedures in Alzheimer Disease Research Center Brain Banks
        date: None
       words: 4383
      flesch: 53
     summary: As anatomic regions can be vast and vary in mediolateral, superior/inferior, or rostrocaudal aspects, we also surveyed specific anatomic landmarks within select sampled brain regions. Heatmap showing the number of centers using specific stains for different sampled brain regions.
    keywords: acta; additional; adrc; aging; alzheimer; alzheimer disease; amygdala; amyloid; anatomic; answers; antibodies; antibody; assessment; available; banks; braak; brain; centers; data; department; digital; disease; et al; example; exp; figure; free; frontal; guidelines; gyri; human; ihc; imaging; institute; landmarks; learning; material; national; neurol; neuropathol; neuropathological; neuropathology; number; pathology; phospho; procedures; protocols; questions; regions; research; respondents; responses; sampled; sampling; select; specific; staining; supplementary; survey; tissue; university; usa; use; wsi; ɑsyn
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        item: #99 of 103
          id: fnp-4701
      author: None
       title: Neurodevelopmental disorders: 2023 update
        date: None
       words: 11612
      flesch: 54
     summary: In the last years, comprehensive omics assessments have been conducted to determine risk genes (de la Torre-Ubieta et al., 2016) or differential patterns of splicing or gene isoform expression in ASD (Wu et al., 2016; Sun et al., 2016; Gandal et al., 2018). Despite the heterogeneity of factors that drive to ASD pathology, molecular profiling studies have found consistent patterns of transcriptomic and epigenetic dysregulation (Ramaswami et al., 2020), involving upregulation of astrocytes, microglia, and neural immune genes; and downregulation of synaptic, neurite morphogenesis, and neuronal energy pathway genes accompanied by attenuation of gene-expression gradients in cortical association regions (Voineagu et al., 2011; Wu et al., 2016; Parikshak et al., 2016; Gandal et al., 2018).
    keywords: abnormal; acta; activation; acute; aetiology; algorithm; alterations; altered; analysis; apr; asd; assemblies; astrocytes; aug; authors; autism; barcelona; biol; brain; cases; caudal; cause; cell; cellular; centrosome; cerebral; changes; childhood; children; classification; clip; cns; cohort; commun; complex; conditions; control; cortex; cortical; cortical development; covid-19; data; death; dec; development; devinsky; diagnosis; different; differential; differentiation; disease; disorders; divergent; dna; dysplasia; dysregulation; early; effects; enrichment; epilepsia; epilepsy; epub; erratum; et al; events; example; expression; factor; features; feb; febrile; ffpe; figure; findings; focal; frontal; function; gandal; gene; genetic; gradient; granules; hco; hippocampal; histopathological; history; hiv; human; important; infection; integration; interneuron; involved; jan; jul; jun; kinney; kobow; large; late; leads; leitner; lesions; levels; loh; long; loss; major; malformations; mar; mcd; mcds; mechanisms; methylation; mice; microglia; migration; mitochondria; model; molecular; mouse; mrna; mtor; mutations; nature; ndds; nervous; neural; neurodevelopmental; neurological; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; neuropathology; neurosci; new; non; nov; novel; number; oct; organoids; pathologies; pathway; patients; patterns; phenotype; pmid; possible; postnatal; process; progenitor; proteins; proteomic; regional; regions; regulation; relevant; research; response; results; review; risk; rna; roles; samples; science; sclerosis; seizure; sep; sequencing; severe; sgs; signalling; significant; single; smith; space; specific; spectrum; splicing; stages; stress; studies; study; sudc; sudden; sudep; syndrome; system; test; time; transcriptomic; transplanted; tsc; tsc1; tuberous; tubers; tumours; type; ubap2l; understanding; unexpected; unexplained; variants; virus; vivo; wang; wide; year; zhang
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        item: #100 of 103
          id: fnp-4776
      author: None
       title: 64th Meeting of the French Society of Neuropathology - Meeting Abstracts , December 2nd. 2022
        date: None
       words: 3231
      flesch: 22
     summary: Free Neuropathol 4:5:5-6 Molecular and clinical diversity in primary central nervous system lymphoma I. Hernández-Verdin1, E. Kirasic1, K. Wienand2, K. Mokhtari1,3, S. Eimer4, H. Loiseau5, A. Rousseau6, J. Paillassa7, G. Ahle8, F. Lerintiu9, E. Uro-Coste10, L. Oberic11, D. Figarella-Branger12, O. Chinot13, G. Gauchotte14, L. Taillandier15, J-P. Marolleau16, M. Polivka17, C. Adam18, R. Ursu19, A. Schmitt20, N. Barillot1, L. Nichelli21, F. Lozano-Sánchez22, M-J. Ibañez-Juliá23, M. Peyre1,24, B. Mathon1,24, Y. Abada22, F. Charlotte25, F. Davi26, C. Stewart27, A. de Reyniès28, S. Choquet25, C. Soussain29, C. Houillier22, B. Chapuy2, K. Hoang-Xuan1,22, A. Alentorn1,22* Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany and Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany Department of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, APHP, F-75013, Paris, France Department of Pathology, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076, Bordeaux, France Department of Neurosurgery, Bordeaux University Hospital Center, Pellegrin Hospital, Place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076, Bordeaux and EA 7435 - IMOTION, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France Departement of Pathology, PBH, CHU Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France and CRCINA, Université de Nantes - Université d'Angers, Angers, France Department of Hematology, CHU Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France Department of Neurology, Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France Department of Neuropathology, Hôpitaux civils de Colmar, 68000 Strasbourg, France Department of Pathology, CHU de Toulouse, IUC-Oncopole, 31300 Toulouse and INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), 31100 Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France Department of Hematology, IUC Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France Neuropathology Department University Hospital Timone, Aix Marseille University, Marseille and Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France Department of Neuro-oncology, CHU Timone, APHM, Marseille, France and Inst Neurophysiopathol, CNRS, INP, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France Department of Biopathology, CHRU Nancy, CHRU/ICL, Bâtiment BBB, Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy and Department of Legal Medicine, CHRU Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy and INSERM U1256, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy and Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France Department of Neuro-Oncology, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France Department of Hematology, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France Department of Anatomopathology, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France Pathology Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Department of Neurology, Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, 75010, Paris, France Department of Hematology, Institut Bergonié Hospital, Bordeaux, France Department of Neuroradiology, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France Department of Neurology-2, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France Department of Neurology, Perpignan Hospital, Perpignan, France Department of Neurosurgery, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France Department of Pathology, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière and Sorbonne University, Paris, France Department of Hematology, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière and Sorbonne University, Paris, France Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA INSERM UMR_S1138 - Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers - Université Pierre et Marie Curie et Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France Hematology Unit, Institut Curie, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a distinct extranodal lymphoma presenting with limited stage disease but variable response rates to treatment despite homogenous pathological presentation. Published: 04 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2023-4776 Keywords: French Society of Neuropathology, SFNP, Meeting abstracts, 64th Meeting - Dec. 2022   Neuro-Oncology   Free Neuropathol 4:5:2-3 Clinico-pathological and epigenetic heterogeneity of diffuse gliomas with FGFR3:TACC3 fusion Alice Métais1,2, Arnault Tauziède-Espariat1,2, Jeremy Garcia3, Romain Appay3,4, Emmanuelle Uro-Coste5, David Meyronet6,7,8, Claude-Alain Maurage9, Fanny Vandenbos10, Valérie Rigaud11, Dan Christian Chiforeanu12, Johan Pallud13,2, Yann Suhan Senova14, Raphaël Saffroy15, Carole Colin4, Myriam Edjlali16,17, Pascale Varlet1,2, Dominique Figarella-Branger3,4 and contributors of the Biopathology RENOCLIP-LOC network18 GHU Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, site Sainte-Anne, service de Neuropathologie, Paris, France Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, INSERM, Université de Paris, Equipe IMA-BRAIN (Imaging biomarkers for brain development and disorders), Paris, France APHM, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France Department of Pathology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France Groupe Hospitalier Est, Département de Neuropathologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France Department of Cancer cell plasticity –
    keywords: age; als; analysis; angers; aphp; app; approach; assistance; axonal; bordeaux; brain; cancer; cases; cells; center; centre; chru; chu; clinical; cnrs; cohort; danielle; data; de paris; department; des; disease; dup; factors; france; france department; free; french; fusion; glioblastomas; gliomas; grade; groupe; hematology; hospital; hospitalier; hôpital; hôpitaux; idh; inserm; institute; ipsc; lyon; marseille; meeting; mutant; mutations; nancy; neurology; neuropathology; neurosciences; oncology; paris; pathological; patients; pitié; publique; research; role; salpêtrière; scjd; society; sorbonne; study; toulouse; universitaire; university; université paris
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        item: #101 of 103
          id: fnp-4790
      author: None
       title: Postmortem changes in brain cell structure: a review
        date: None
       words: 33715
      flesch: 55
     summary: Many studies describe vacuoles as a characteristic morphologic finding in postmortem brain cells (Haines and Jenkins, 1968; Hilbig et al., 2004; Koenig and Koenig, 1952). May become more common after short periods of PMI, but less common with longer periods of PMI; is not thought to contribute to postmortem decomposition Temporary ischemia Temporary cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion has much different mechanisms of decomposition (e.g. requiring ATP) than the permanent global cerebral ischemia that occurs postmortem Postmortem fluid shifts Biomolecular breakdown and blood extravasation leads to dramatic fluid shifts in the early postmortem brain; eventually, the brain is transformed to a paste- or fluid-like consistency Perivascular and pericellular rarefactions These areas expand and become more frequent in the PMI, which appears to be due to the swelling of astrocyte processes and other cells, causing those areas to not stain on light microscopy Vacuolization Common finding in postmortem brain cells and tissue spaces such as the neuropil that evolves throughout the PMI and can cause alteration of cell morphometry or compression of other structures Biomolecule degradation Largely driven by enzymes, biomolecule breakdown is a key driving force of postmortem decomposition, varying in rate based on many factors, such as the substrate and the temperature Biomolecule redistribution The breakdown of the factors stabilizing biomolecules in place in vivo leads them to eventually diffuse away from their original locations, with degrees of both Gaussian and non-Gaussian spread Table 1.
    keywords: a.m.; acta; active; agonal; albrechtsen; alterations; altered; alzheimer; analysis; ansari; antemortem; antibodies; antigens; apoptosis; areas; artifacts; aspects; associated; astrocyte; atp; authors; autolysis; autolytic; autopsy; axons; banking; basic; berl; biol; biomolecules; blood; body; brain; brain cell; brain death; brain tissue; breakdown; buja; bywater; cammermeyer; case; catabolic; causes; cell; cell death; cell membrane; cell morphometry; cellular; cerebellum; cerebral; certain; changes; colleagues; common; compartments; complex; conditions; consistent; content; correlational; cortex; cox; critical; cytoplasmic; cytoskeleton; damage; data; days; death; decomposition; decrease; degradation; degrade; degree; delay; dendrites; dendritic; density; dependent; differences; different; differential; diffusion; disease; disorders; distribution; e.g.; early; early pmi; effects; electron; enzymes; et al; evidence; example; exp; extended; extent; factors; faster; features; figure; file; findings; finnie; fixation; flow; fluid; focus; forensic; formation; fricker; garcia; garcia et; garman; geddes; gel; gibson; glausier; global; golgi; granule; h pmi; h&e; haines; hand; helpful; heterogeneity; high; higher; hilbig; hippocampus; histochem; hours; human; human brain; icahn; ihc; immersion; immunoreactivity; immunostaining; implications; increase; individual; intact; integrity; interval; intracellular; investigators; ischemia; isolated; j.a; j.h; j.m; j.w; jenkins; joris; kitoh; koenig; labeling; lamellae; large; layer; level; lewis; light; likely; limitations; lipids; literature; liu; local; location; longer; loss; lower; majno; major; map2; mapping; markers; matter; measured; mechanisms; med; medicine; membrane; metabolic; methods; microscopy; min; minutes; model; morphological; morphology; morphometry; mount; mouse; multiple; myelin; necrosis; need; nervous; networks; neurofilament; neurol; neuronal; neurons; neuropathol; neuropathology; neuropil; neurosci; new; non; note; nuclear; number; observed; oehmichen; old; oncosis; oncotic; original; oxygen; particular; pathol; pathology; pathway; patterns; perfusion; pericellular; period; perivascular; phase; phenomenon; pmi; pmi range; pmis; point; positive; possible; postmortem; postmortem brain; postmortem cell; postmortem changes; postmortem decomposition; postmortem human; postmortem interval; postmortem period; postmortem tissue; postsynaptic; potential; premortem; presence; present; preservation; preserved; prior; processes; processing; properties; protein; proteolysis; putrefaction; pyramidal; quality; quantitative; range; rapid; rarefactions; rate; rats; rees; regions; report; research; result; review; rna; roberts; roberts et; robust; role; school; schultz; sci; selective; sensitive; series; severe; shape; shibayama; shifts; shrinkage; significant; silver; similar; sinai; situ; size; small; smaller; spatial; species; specific; spines; stable; staining; stains; state; storage; structural; studies; study; substantial; summary; supplementary; swelling; swollen; synapses; synaptic; system; tau; temperature; temporary; term; time; tissue; tomlinson; toxicol; types; ultrastructural; underlying; understanding; use; vacuoles; vacuolization; van; variability; variables; vessels; visualization; visualized; vivo; volume; water; white; williams; williams et; wolf; york
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        item: #102 of 103
          id: fnp-4820
      author: None
       title: Title
        date: None
       words: 1241
      flesch: 45
     summary: It is with great sadness that we reflect on the recent passing of our friend and colleague, Emeritus Professor Byron Kakulas AO. Published: 22 June 2023 https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2023-4820 Keywords: Obituary, Neuropathology Australia, Inclusion body myositis, Muscular dystrophy Vale Emeritus Professor Byron A Kakulas AO, 1932 - 2023.
    keywords: australia; byron; clive; colin; department; dystrophy; emeritus; hospital; institute; international; kakulas; medical; melbourne; muscle; muscular; neurology; neuropathology; perth; president; professor; research; royal; sydney; training; university
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        item: #103 of 103
          id: fnp-4845
      author: None
       title: From amaurotic idiocy to biochemically defined lipid storage diseases: the first identification of GM1-Gangliosidosis
        date: None
       words: 5969
      flesch: 52
     summary: Tay Sachs disease with visceral involvement and its relation to Niemann Pick disease. Samuels S, Korey SR, Gonatas J, Terry RD, Weiss M. Studies in Tay Sachs disease.
    keywords: accumulation; acid; acta; afi; amaurotic; amaurotische; analysis; archive; article; beta; biochemically; boy; brain; case; child; clinical; cns; death; deficiency; der; description; die; different; disease; dna; early; erlangen; euthanasia; family; figure; finding; form; formalin; free; galactosidase; ganglioside; gangliosidosis; genetic; germany; gm1; gm2; health; historical; iai; idiocy; idiotie; infantile; institute; jatzkewitz; klenk; knowledge; landing; lipid; long; lysosomal; mallory; material; max; metabolic; molecular; mpi; munich; nazi; nervous; neurol; neurology; neuronal; neuropathology; new; normal; note; original; o’brien; paper; patient; planck; pmid; preserved; psychiatry; publication; rauh; report; research; residue; review; sachs; sandhoff; selected; severe; slides; special; specific; storage; supplement; system; tay; techniques; term; time; tissue; tsd; und; understanding; university; variants; von; years; über
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