id sid tid token lemma pos fbem-18639 1 1 frontiers frontier NOUN fbem-18639 1 2 in in ADP fbem-18639 1 3 business business NOUN fbem-18639 1 4 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 1 5 economics economic NOUN fbem-18639 1 6 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 1 7 management management NOUN fbem-18639 1 8 issn issn PROPN fbem-18639 1 9 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 1 10 2766 2766 NUM fbem-18639 1 11 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 1 12 824x 824x NUM fbem-18639 1 13 | | ADJ fbem-18639 1 14 vol vol NOUN fbem-18639 1 15 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 2 1 14 14 NUM fbem-18639 2 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 3 no no INTJ fbem-18639 2 4 . . NOUN fbem-18639 2 5 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 2 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 7 2024 2024 NUM fbem-18639 2 8 70 70 NUM fbem-18639 2 9 study study NOUN fbem-18639 2 10 on on ADP fbem-18639 2 11 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 2 12 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 2 13 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 2 14 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 2 15 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 2 16 considering consider VERB fbem-18639 2 17 network network NOUN fbem-18639 2 18 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 2 19 zhicheng zhicheng PROPN fbem-18639 2 20 zhang1 zhang1 PROPN fbem-18639 2 21 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 22 * * PUNCT fbem-18639 2 23 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 24 yiming yiming ADJ fbem-18639 2 25 zhang2 zhang2 PROPN fbem-18639 2 26 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 27 weibin weibin PROPN fbem-18639 2 28 deng1 deng1 NOUN fbem-18639 2 29 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 30 guangming guangme VERB fbem-18639 2 31 liu3 liu3 PROPN fbem-18639 2 32 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 2 33 school school NOUN fbem-18639 2 34 of of ADP fbem-18639 2 35 economics economic NOUN fbem-18639 2 36 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 2 37 management management NOUN fbem-18639 2 38 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 39 chongqing chongqing PROPN fbem-18639 2 40 university university PROPN fbem-18639 2 41 of of ADP fbem-18639 2 42 posts post NOUN fbem-18639 2 43 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 2 44 telecommunications telecommunication NOUN fbem-18639 2 45 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 46 co co NOUN fbem-18639 2 47 400065 400065 NUM fbem-18639 2 48 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 49 china china PROPN fbem-18639 2 50 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 2 51 78111 78111 NUM fbem-18639 2 52 troops troop NOUN fbem-18639 2 53 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 54 people people NOUN fbem-18639 2 55 's 's PART fbem-18639 2 56 liberation liberation NOUN fbem-18639 2 57 army army NOUN fbem-18639 2 58 of of ADP fbem-18639 2 59 china china PROPN fbem-18639 2 60 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 61 co co NOUN fbem-18639 2 62 409626 409626 NUM fbem-18639 2 63 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 64 china china PROPN fbem-18639 2 65 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 2 66 chongqing chongqing NOUN fbem-18639 2 67 branch branch NOUN fbem-18639 2 68 of of ADP fbem-18639 2 69 china china PROPN fbem-18639 2 70 tower tower PROPN fbem-18639 2 71 corporation corporation PROPN fbem-18639 2 72 limited limit VERB fbem-18639 2 73 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 74 co co NOUN fbem-18639 2 75 401120 401120 NUM fbem-18639 2 76 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 77 china china PROPN fbem-18639 2 78 * * PUNCT fbem-18639 2 79 corresponding correspond VERB fbem-18639 2 80 author author NOUN fbem-18639 2 81 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 2 82 zhang zhang PROPN fbem-18639 2 83 zhi zhi PROPN fbem-18639 2 84 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 2 85 cheng cheng PROPN fbem-18639 2 86 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 2 87 email email NOUN fbem-18639 2 88 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 2 89 1079169190@qq.com 1079169190@qq.com NUM fbem-18639 2 90 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 2 91 abstract abstract NOUN fbem-18639 2 92 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 2 93 nowadays nowadays ADV fbem-18639 2 94 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 2 95 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 2 96 has have AUX fbem-18639 2 97 become become VERB fbem-18639 2 98 an an DET fbem-18639 2 99 important important ADJ fbem-18639 2 100 productive productive ADJ fbem-18639 2 101 factor factor NOUN fbem-18639 2 102 in in ADP fbem-18639 2 103 the the DET fbem-18639 2 104 world world NOUN fbem-18639 2 105 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 3 1 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 3 2 as as ADP fbem-18639 3 3 an an DET fbem-18639 3 4 asset asset NOUN fbem-18639 3 5 to to ADP fbem-18639 3 6 management management NOUN fbem-18639 3 7 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 3 8 realizing realize VERB fbem-18639 3 9 its its PRON fbem-18639 3 10 value value NOUN fbem-18639 3 11 are be AUX fbem-18639 3 12 important important ADJ fbem-18639 3 13 factors factor NOUN fbem-18639 3 14 for for ADP fbem-18639 3 15 its its PRON fbem-18639 3 16 flowing flow VERB fbem-18639 3 17 smoothly smoothly ADV fbem-18639 3 18 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 4 1 however however ADV fbem-18639 4 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 4 3 how how SCONJ fbem-18639 4 4 to to PART fbem-18639 4 5 price price VERB fbem-18639 4 6 the the DET fbem-18639 4 7 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 4 8 scientifically scientifically ADV fbem-18639 4 9 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 4 10 reasonably reasonably ADV fbem-18639 4 11 has have AUX fbem-18639 4 12 been be AUX fbem-18639 4 13 a a DET fbem-18639 4 14 difficult difficult ADJ fbem-18639 4 15 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 4 16 key key ADJ fbem-18639 4 17 problem problem NOUN fbem-18639 4 18 for for ADP fbem-18639 4 19 the the DET fbem-18639 4 20 data data NOUN fbem-18639 4 21 element element NOUN fbem-18639 4 22 market market NOUN fbem-18639 4 23 development development NOUN fbem-18639 4 24 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 5 1 after after ADP fbem-18639 5 2 analyzing analyze VERB fbem-18639 5 3 the the DET fbem-18639 5 4 transaction transaction NOUN fbem-18639 5 5 process process NOUN fbem-18639 5 6 of of ADP fbem-18639 5 7 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 5 8 products product NOUN fbem-18639 5 9 from from ADP fbem-18639 5 10 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 5 11 resource resource NOUN fbem-18639 5 12 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 5 13 to to ADP fbem-18639 5 14 production production NOUN fbem-18639 5 15 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 5 16 sales sale NOUN fbem-18639 5 17 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 5 18 a a DET fbem-18639 5 19 three three NUM fbem-18639 5 20 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 5 21 level level NOUN fbem-18639 5 22 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 5 23 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 5 24 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 5 25 consisting consist VERB fbem-18639 5 26 of of ADP fbem-18639 5 27 data data NOUN fbem-18639 5 28 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 5 29 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 5 30 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 5 31 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 5 32 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 5 33 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 5 34 users user NOUN fbem-18639 5 35 is be AUX fbem-18639 5 36 constructed construct VERB fbem-18639 5 37 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 6 1 in in ADP fbem-18639 6 2 this this DET fbem-18639 6 3 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 6 4 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 6 5 government government NOUN fbem-18639 6 6 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 6 7 for for ADP fbem-18639 6 8 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 6 9 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 6 10 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 6 11 are be AUX fbem-18639 6 12 considered consider VERB fbem-18639 6 13 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 7 1 based base VERB fbem-18639 7 2 on on ADP fbem-18639 7 3 that that PRON fbem-18639 7 4 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 7 5 a a DET fbem-18639 7 6 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 7 7 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 7 8 a a DET fbem-18639 7 9 decentralized decentralize VERB fbem-18639 7 10 differential differential ADJ fbem-18639 7 11 game game NOUN fbem-18639 7 12 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 7 13 model model NOUN fbem-18639 7 14 of of ADP fbem-18639 7 15 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 7 16 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 7 17 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 7 18 under under ADP fbem-18639 7 19 the the DET fbem-18639 7 20 influence influence NOUN fbem-18639 7 21 of of ADP fbem-18639 7 22 network network NOUN fbem-18639 7 23 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 7 24 are be AUX fbem-18639 7 25 proposed propose VERB fbem-18639 7 26 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 7 27 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 8 1 the the DET fbem-18639 8 2 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 8 3 of of ADP fbem-18639 8 4 network network NOUN fbem-18639 8 5 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 8 6 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 8 7 government government NOUN fbem-18639 8 8 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 8 9 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 8 10 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 8 11 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 8 12 among among ADP fbem-18639 8 13 others other NOUN fbem-18639 8 14 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 8 15 on on ADP fbem-18639 8 16 the the DET fbem-18639 8 17 two two NUM fbem-18639 8 18 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 8 19 models model NOUN fbem-18639 8 20 is be AUX fbem-18639 8 21 analyzed analyze VERB fbem-18639 8 22 from from ADP fbem-18639 8 23 a a DET fbem-18639 8 24 theoretical theoretical ADJ fbem-18639 8 25 perspective perspective NOUN fbem-18639 8 26 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 9 1 keywords keyword NOUN fbem-18639 9 2 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 9 3 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 9 4 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 9 5 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 9 6 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 9 7 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 9 8 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 9 9 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 9 10 network network NOUN fbem-18639 9 11 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 9 12 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 9 13 government government NOUN fbem-18639 9 14 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 9 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 9 16 differential differential ADJ fbem-18639 9 17 game game NOUN fbem-18639 9 18 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 10 1 1 1 X fbem-18639 10 2 . . X fbem-18639 10 3 introduction introduction NOUN fbem-18639 10 4 with with ADP fbem-18639 10 5 the the DET fbem-18639 10 6 widespread widespread ADJ fbem-18639 10 7 popularization popularization NOUN fbem-18639 10 8 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 10 9 application application NOUN fbem-18639 10 10 of of ADP fbem-18639 10 11 big big ADJ fbem-18639 10 12 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 10 13 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 10 14 the the DET fbem-18639 10 15 value value NOUN fbem-18639 10 16 of of ADP fbem-18639 10 17 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 10 18 resources resource NOUN fbem-18639 10 19 is be AUX fbem-18639 10 20 increasing increase VERB fbem-18639 10 21 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 11 1 so so ADV fbem-18639 11 2 far far ADV fbem-18639 11 3 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 4 dozens dozen NOUN fbem-18639 11 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 11 6 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 11 7 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 11 8 organizations organization NOUN fbem-18639 11 9 have have AUX fbem-18639 11 10 been be AUX fbem-18639 11 11 established establish VERB fbem-18639 11 12 across across ADP fbem-18639 11 13 the the DET fbem-18639 11 14 country country NOUN fbem-18639 11 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 16 but but CCONJ fbem-18639 11 17 compared compare VERB fbem-18639 11 18 with with ADP fbem-18639 11 19 traditional traditional ADJ fbem-18639 11 20 resources resource NOUN fbem-18639 11 21 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 22 due due ADP fbem-18639 11 23 to to ADP fbem-18639 11 24 the the DET fbem-18639 11 25 intangible intangible ADJ fbem-18639 11 26 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 27 variable variable ADJ fbem-18639 11 28 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 29 social social ADJ fbem-18639 11 30 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 11 31 shared share VERB fbem-18639 11 32 nature nature NOUN fbem-18639 11 33 of of ADP fbem-18639 11 34 data data NOUN fbem-18639 11 35 resources resource NOUN fbem-18639 11 36 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 37 resulting result VERB fbem-18639 11 38 in in ADP fbem-18639 11 39 a a DET fbem-18639 11 40 market market NOUN fbem-18639 11 41 with with ADP fbem-18639 11 42 insufficient insufficient ADJ fbem-18639 11 43 participants participant NOUN fbem-18639 11 44 in in ADP fbem-18639 11 45 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 11 46 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 11 47 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 48 low low ADJ fbem-18639 11 49 frequency frequency NOUN fbem-18639 11 50 of of ADP fbem-18639 11 51 transactions transaction NOUN fbem-18639 11 52 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 11 53 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 11 54 small small ADJ fbem-18639 11 55 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 11 56 of of ADP fbem-18639 11 57 transactions transaction NOUN fbem-18639 11 58 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 12 1 currently currently ADV fbem-18639 12 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 12 3 research research NOUN fbem-18639 12 4 on on ADP fbem-18639 12 5 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 12 6 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 12 7 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 12 8 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 12 9 based base VERB fbem-18639 12 10 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 12 11 strategies strategy NOUN fbem-18639 12 12 has have AUX fbem-18639 12 13 made make VERB fbem-18639 12 14 some some DET fbem-18639 12 15 progress progress NOUN fbem-18639 12 16 in in ADP fbem-18639 12 17 data data NOUN fbem-18639 12 18 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 12 19 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 12 20 operation operation NOUN fbem-18639 12 21 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 12 22 considering consider VERB fbem-18639 12 23 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 12 24 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 12 25 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 12 26 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 12 27 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 12 28 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 13 1 first first ADV fbem-18639 13 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 13 3 the the DET fbem-18639 13 4 research research NOUN fbem-18639 13 5 on on ADP fbem-18639 13 6 the the DET fbem-18639 13 7 operation operation NOUN fbem-18639 13 8 of of ADP fbem-18639 13 9 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 13 10 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 13 11 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 13 12 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 14 1 chen chen PROPN fbem-18639 14 2 et et PROPN fbem-18639 14 3 al al PROPN fbem-18639 15 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 15 2 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 15 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 15 4 optimized optimize VERB fbem-18639 15 5 the the DET fbem-18639 15 6 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 15 7 of of ADP fbem-18639 15 8 a a DET fbem-18639 15 9 two two NUM fbem-18639 15 10 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 15 11 level level NOUN fbem-18639 15 12 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 15 13 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 15 14 by by ADP fbem-18639 15 15 constructing construct VERB fbem-18639 15 16 a a DET fbem-18639 15 17 nash nash ADJ fbem-18639 15 18 equilibrium equilibrium NOUN fbem-18639 15 19 bargaining bargaining NOUN fbem-18639 15 20 model model NOUN fbem-18639 15 21 to to PART fbem-18639 15 22 achieve achieve VERB fbem-18639 15 23 the the DET fbem-18639 15 24 global global ADJ fbem-18639 15 25 optimality optimality NOUN fbem-18639 15 26 of of ADP fbem-18639 15 27 the the DET fbem-18639 15 28 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 15 29 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 15 30 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 16 1 barman barman PROPN fbem-18639 16 2 et et PROPN fbem-18639 16 3 al al PROPN fbem-18639 17 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 17 2 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 17 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 17 4 used use VERB fbem-18639 17 5 the the DET fbem-18639 17 6 stackelberg stackelberg PROPN fbem-18639 17 7 game game NOUN fbem-18639 17 8 model model NOUN fbem-18639 17 9 to to PART fbem-18639 17 10 evaluate evaluate VERB fbem-18639 17 11 the the DET fbem-18639 17 12 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 17 13 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 17 14 decentralized decentralized ADJ fbem-18639 17 15 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 17 16 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 17 17 making making NOUN fbem-18639 17 18 of of ADP fbem-18639 17 19 the the DET fbem-18639 17 20 three three NUM fbem-18639 17 21 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 17 22 level level NOUN fbem-18639 17 23 green green ADJ fbem-18639 17 24 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 17 25 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 17 26 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 17 27 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 17 28 compared compare VERB fbem-18639 17 29 the the DET fbem-18639 17 30 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 17 31 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 17 32 of of ADP fbem-18639 17 33 the the DET fbem-18639 17 34 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 17 35 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 17 36 with with ADP fbem-18639 17 37 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 17 38 without without ADP fbem-18639 17 39 government government NOUN fbem-18639 17 40 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 17 41 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 18 1 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 18 2 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 19 1 secondly secondly ADV fbem-18639 19 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 19 3 there there PRON fbem-18639 19 4 are be VERB fbem-18639 19 5 studies study NOUN fbem-18639 19 6 on on ADP fbem-18639 19 7 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 19 8 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 19 9 considering consider VERB fbem-18639 19 10 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 19 11 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 19 12 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 19 13 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 19 14 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 20 1 batini batini PROPN fbem-18639 20 2 et et PROPN fbem-18639 20 3 al al PROPN fbem-18639 21 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 21 2 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 21 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 21 4 summarized summarize VERB fbem-18639 21 5 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 21 6 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 21 7 as as ADP fbem-18639 21 8 accuracy accuracy NOUN fbem-18639 21 9 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 10 completeness completeness NOUN fbem-18639 21 11 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 12 redundancy redundancy NOUN fbem-18639 21 13 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 14 readability readability NOUN fbem-18639 21 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 16 accessibility accessibility NOUN fbem-18639 21 17 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 18 consistency consistency NOUN fbem-18639 21 19 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 20 usefulness usefulness NOUN fbem-18639 21 21 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 21 22 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 21 23 trustworthiness trustworthiness NOUN fbem-18639 21 24 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 22 1 taleb taleb NOUN fbem-18639 22 2 et et NOUN fbem-18639 22 3 al al PROPN fbem-18639 23 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 23 2 4 4 X fbem-18639 23 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 23 4 proposed propose VERB fbem-18639 23 5 a a DET fbem-18639 23 6 new new ADJ fbem-18639 23 7 data data NOUN fbem-18639 23 8 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 23 9 framework framework NOUN fbem-18639 23 10 that that PRON fbem-18639 23 11 uses uses AUX fbem-18639 23 12 predefined predefine VERB fbem-18639 23 13 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 23 14 metrics metric NOUN fbem-18639 23 15 to to PART fbem-18639 23 16 accomplish accomplish VERB fbem-18639 23 17 more more ADV fbem-18639 23 18 effective effective ADJ fbem-18639 23 19 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 23 20 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 23 21 assessment assessment NOUN fbem-18639 23 22 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 24 1 however however ADV fbem-18639 24 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 24 3 in in ADP fbem-18639 24 4 actual actual ADJ fbem-18639 24 5 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 24 6 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 24 7 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 24 8 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 24 9 is be AUX fbem-18639 24 10 not not PART fbem-18639 24 11 solely solely ADV fbem-18639 24 12 influenced influence VERB fbem-18639 24 13 by by ADP fbem-18639 24 14 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 24 15 characteristics characteristic NOUN fbem-18639 24 16 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 25 1 from from ADP fbem-18639 25 2 the the DET fbem-18639 25 3 market market NOUN fbem-18639 25 4 level level NOUN fbem-18639 25 5 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 25 6 consumers consumer NOUN fbem-18639 25 7 ' ' PART fbem-18639 25 8 willingness willingness NOUN fbem-18639 25 9 to to PART fbem-18639 25 10 purchase purchase VERB fbem-18639 25 11 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 25 12 products product NOUN fbem-18639 25 13 is be AUX fbem-18639 25 14 not not PART fbem-18639 25 15 only only ADV fbem-18639 25 16 affected affect VERB fbem-18639 25 17 by by ADP fbem-18639 25 18 their their PRON fbem-18639 25 19 own own ADJ fbem-18639 25 20 needs need NOUN fbem-18639 25 21 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 25 22 product product NOUN fbem-18639 25 23 factors factor NOUN fbem-18639 25 24 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 25 25 but but CCONJ fbem-18639 25 26 also also ADV fbem-18639 25 27 related relate VERB fbem-18639 25 28 to to ADP fbem-18639 25 29 the the DET fbem-18639 25 30 size size NOUN fbem-18639 25 31 of of ADP fbem-18639 25 32 the the DET fbem-18639 25 33 users user NOUN fbem-18639 25 34 who who PRON fbem-18639 25 35 purchase purchase VERB fbem-18639 25 36 the the DET fbem-18639 25 37 products product NOUN fbem-18639 25 38 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 25 39 i.e. i.e. X fbem-18639 25 40 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 25 41 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 25 42 products product NOUN fbem-18639 25 43 in in ADP fbem-18639 25 44 the the DET fbem-18639 25 45 data data NOUN fbem-18639 25 46 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 25 47 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 25 48 have have VERB fbem-18639 25 49 network network NOUN fbem-18639 25 50 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 25 51 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 26 1 network network NOUN fbem-18639 26 2 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 26 3 is be AUX fbem-18639 26 4 generated generate VERB fbem-18639 26 5 by by ADP fbem-18639 26 6 the the DET fbem-18639 26 7 economies economy NOUN fbem-18639 26 8 of of ADP fbem-18639 26 9 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 26 10 of of ADP fbem-18639 26 11 users user NOUN fbem-18639 26 12 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 26 13 refers refer VERB fbem-18639 26 14 to to ADP fbem-18639 26 15 the the DET fbem-18639 26 16 fact fact NOUN fbem-18639 26 17 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 26 18 the the DET fbem-18639 26 19 value value NOUN fbem-18639 26 20 of of ADP fbem-18639 26 21 a a DET fbem-18639 26 22 product product NOUN fbem-18639 26 23 to to ADP fbem-18639 26 24 its its PRON fbem-18639 26 25 users user NOUN fbem-18639 26 26 increases increase VERB fbem-18639 26 27 with with ADP fbem-18639 26 28 the the DET fbem-18639 26 29 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 26 30 in in ADP fbem-18639 26 31 the the DET fbem-18639 26 32 number number NOUN fbem-18639 26 33 of of ADP fbem-18639 26 34 consumers consumer NOUN fbem-18639 26 35 adopting adopt VERB fbem-18639 26 36 the the DET fbem-18639 26 37 same same ADJ fbem-18639 26 38 product product NOUN fbem-18639 26 39 [ [ X fbem-18639 26 40 5 5 NUM fbem-18639 26 41 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 26 42 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 27 1 tang tang PROPN fbem-18639 27 2 et et PROPN fbem-18639 28 1 al al PROPN fbem-18639 29 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 29 2 6 6 NUM fbem-18639 29 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 29 4 constructed construct VERB fbem-18639 29 5 a a DET fbem-18639 29 6 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 29 7 model model NOUN fbem-18639 29 8 for for ADP fbem-18639 29 9 the the DET fbem-18639 29 10 competition competition NOUN fbem-18639 29 11 between between ADP fbem-18639 29 12 newcomer newcomer NOUN fbem-18639 29 13 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 29 14 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 29 15 incumbent incumbent NOUN fbem-18639 29 16 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 29 17 by by ADP fbem-18639 29 18 using use VERB fbem-18639 29 19 the the DET fbem-18639 29 20 hotelling hotelling NOUN fbem-18639 29 21 model model NOUN fbem-18639 29 22 based base VERB fbem-18639 29 23 on on ADP fbem-18639 29 24 the the DET fbem-18639 29 25 consideration consideration NOUN fbem-18639 29 26 of of ADP fbem-18639 29 27 cross cross ADJ fbem-18639 29 28 - - ADJ fbem-18639 29 29 network network ADJ fbem-18639 29 30 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 29 31 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 29 32 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 29 33 explored explore VERB fbem-18639 29 34 the the DET fbem-18639 29 35 future future ADJ fbem-18639 29 36 strategic strategic ADJ fbem-18639 29 37 choices choice NOUN fbem-18639 29 38 of of ADP fbem-18639 29 39 the the DET fbem-18639 29 40 two two NUM fbem-18639 29 41 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 29 42 in in ADP fbem-18639 29 43 order order NOUN fbem-18639 29 44 to to PART fbem-18639 29 45 obtain obtain VERB fbem-18639 29 46 more more ADJ fbem-18639 29 47 benefits benefit NOUN fbem-18639 29 48 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 30 1 zhu zhu PROPN fbem-18639 30 2 et et PROPN fbem-18639 30 3 al al PROPN fbem-18639 31 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 31 2 7 7 NUM fbem-18639 31 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 31 4 explored explore VERB fbem-18639 31 5 the the DET fbem-18639 31 6 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 31 7 of of ADP fbem-18639 31 8 the the DET fbem-18639 31 9 magnitude magnitude NOUN fbem-18639 31 10 of of ADP fbem-18639 31 11 network network NOUN fbem-18639 31 12 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 31 13 on on ADP fbem-18639 31 14 product product NOUN fbem-18639 31 15 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 31 16 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 31 17 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 31 18 implementation implementation NOUN fbem-18639 31 19 mode mode NOUN fbem-18639 31 20 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 31 21 their their PRON fbem-18639 31 22 profits profit NOUN fbem-18639 31 23 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 32 1 for for ADP fbem-18639 32 2 the the DET fbem-18639 32 3 node node ADJ fbem-18639 32 4 enterprises enterprise NOUN fbem-18639 32 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 32 6 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 32 7 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 32 8 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 32 9 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 32 10 how how SCONJ fbem-18639 32 11 to to PART fbem-18639 32 12 improve improve VERB fbem-18639 32 13 the the DET fbem-18639 32 14 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 32 15 of of ADP fbem-18639 32 16 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 32 17 products product NOUN fbem-18639 32 18 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 32 19 at at ADP fbem-18639 32 20 the the DET fbem-18639 32 21 same same ADJ fbem-18639 32 22 time time NOUN fbem-18639 32 23 how how SCONJ fbem-18639 32 24 to to PART fbem-18639 32 25 make make VERB fbem-18639 32 26 reasonable reasonable ADJ fbem-18639 32 27 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 32 28 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 32 29 decisions decision NOUN fbem-18639 32 30 is be AUX fbem-18639 32 31 a a DET fbem-18639 32 32 very very ADV fbem-18639 32 33 challenging challenging ADJ fbem-18639 32 34 problem problem NOUN fbem-18639 32 35 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 32 36 most most ADJ fbem-18639 32 37 of of ADP fbem-18639 32 38 the the DET fbem-18639 32 39 previous previous ADJ fbem-18639 32 40 literature literature NOUN fbem-18639 32 41 on on ADP fbem-18639 32 42 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 32 43 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 32 44 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 32 45 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 32 46 focuses focus VERB fbem-18639 32 47 on on ADP fbem-18639 32 48 the the DET fbem-18639 32 49 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 32 50 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 32 51 's 's PART fbem-18639 32 52 own own ADJ fbem-18639 32 53 operation operation NOUN fbem-18639 32 54 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 32 55 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 32 56 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 32 57 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 32 58 fails fail VERB fbem-18639 32 59 to to PART fbem-18639 32 60 consider consider VERB fbem-18639 32 61 the the DET fbem-18639 32 62 network network NOUN fbem-18639 32 63 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 32 64 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 32 65 the the DET fbem-18639 32 66 government government NOUN fbem-18639 32 67 's 's PART fbem-18639 32 68 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 32 69 for for ADP fbem-18639 32 70 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 32 71 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 32 72 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 32 73 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 33 1 therefore therefore ADV fbem-18639 33 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 33 3 the the DET fbem-18639 33 4 innovations innovation NOUN fbem-18639 33 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 33 6 this this DET fbem-18639 33 7 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 33 8 are be AUX fbem-18639 33 9 reflected reflect VERB fbem-18639 33 10 in in ADP fbem-18639 33 11 the the DET fbem-18639 33 12 following follow VERB fbem-18639 33 13 points point NOUN fbem-18639 33 14 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 33 15 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 33 16 1 1 X fbem-18639 33 17 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 33 18 network network NOUN fbem-18639 33 19 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 33 20 as as ADP fbem-18639 33 21 a a DET fbem-18639 33 22 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 33 23 variable variable NOUN fbem-18639 33 24 in in ADP fbem-18639 33 25 the the DET fbem-18639 33 26 data data NOUN fbem-18639 33 27 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 33 28 model model NOUN fbem-18639 33 29 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 33 30 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 33 31 further far ADV fbem-18639 33 32 analyze analyze VERB fbem-18639 33 33 its its PRON fbem-18639 33 34 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 33 35 on on ADP fbem-18639 33 36 the the DET fbem-18639 33 37 operation operation NOUN fbem-18639 33 38 of of ADP fbem-18639 33 39 the the DET fbem-18639 33 40 data data NOUN fbem-18639 33 41 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 33 42 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 33 43 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 33 44 which which PRON fbem-18639 33 45 is be AUX fbem-18639 33 46 to to PART fbem-18639 33 47 make make VERB fbem-18639 33 48 the the DET fbem-18639 33 49 model model NOUN fbem-18639 33 50 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 33 51 the the DET fbem-18639 33 52 conclusion conclusion NOUN fbem-18639 33 53 of of ADP fbem-18639 33 54 the the DET fbem-18639 33 55 study study NOUN fbem-18639 33 56 more more ADV fbem-18639 33 57 in in ADP fbem-18639 33 58 line line NOUN fbem-18639 33 59 with with ADP fbem-18639 33 60 the the DET fbem-18639 33 61 status status NOUN fbem-18639 33 62 quo quo NOUN fbem-18639 33 63 of of ADP fbem-18639 33 64 the the DET fbem-18639 33 65 development development NOUN fbem-18639 33 66 of of ADP fbem-18639 33 67 the the DET fbem-18639 33 68 network network NOUN fbem-18639 33 69 economy economy NOUN fbem-18639 33 70 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 34 1 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 34 2 2 2 X fbem-18639 34 3 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 34 4 in in ADP fbem-18639 34 5 the the DET fbem-18639 34 6 existing exist VERB fbem-18639 34 7 research research NOUN fbem-18639 34 8 on on ADP fbem-18639 34 9 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 34 10 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 34 11 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 34 12 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 34 13 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 34 14 little little ADJ fbem-18639 34 15 consideration consideration NOUN fbem-18639 34 16 has have AUX fbem-18639 34 17 been be AUX fbem-18639 34 18 given give VERB fbem-18639 34 19 to to ADP fbem-18639 34 20 the the DET fbem-18639 34 21 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 34 22 of of ADP fbem-18639 34 23 government government NOUN fbem-18639 34 24 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 34 25 on on ADP fbem-18639 34 26 the the DET fbem-18639 34 27 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 34 28 of of ADP fbem-18639 34 29 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 34 30 products product NOUN fbem-18639 34 31 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 34 32 because because SCONJ fbem-18639 34 33 in in ADP fbem-18639 34 34 the the DET fbem-18639 34 35 actual actual ADJ fbem-18639 34 36 operation operation NOUN fbem-18639 34 37 of of ADP fbem-18639 34 38 the the DET fbem-18639 34 39 data data NOUN fbem-18639 34 40 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 34 41 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 34 42 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 34 43 government government NOUN fbem-18639 34 44 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 34 45 can can AUX fbem-18639 34 46 play play VERB fbem-18639 34 47 the the DET fbem-18639 34 48 role role NOUN fbem-18639 34 49 of of ADP fbem-18639 34 50 incentives incentive NOUN fbem-18639 34 51 for for SCONJ fbem-18639 34 52 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 34 53 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 34 54 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 34 55 to to PART fbem-18639 34 56 innovate innovate VERB fbem-18639 34 57 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 34 58 so so SCONJ fbem-18639 34 59 as as SCONJ fbem-18639 34 60 to to PART fbem-18639 34 61 enable enable VERB fbem-18639 34 62 them they PRON fbem-18639 34 63 to to PART fbem-18639 34 64 develop develop VERB fbem-18639 34 65 higher high ADJ fbem-18639 34 66 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 34 67 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 34 68 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 34 69 products product NOUN fbem-18639 34 70 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 34 71 promote promote VERB fbem-18639 34 72 the the DET fbem-18639 34 73 development development NOUN fbem-18639 34 74 of of ADP fbem-18639 34 75 the the DET fbem-18639 34 76 data data NOUN fbem-18639 34 77 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 34 78 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 34 79 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 35 1 2 2 X fbem-18639 35 2 . . X fbem-18639 35 3 problem problem NOUN fbem-18639 35 4 description description NOUN fbem-18639 35 5 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 35 6 assumptions assumption NOUN fbem-18639 35 7 in in ADP fbem-18639 35 8 this this DET fbem-18639 35 9 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 35 10 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 35 11 we we PRON fbem-18639 35 12 consider consider VERB fbem-18639 35 13 a a DET fbem-18639 35 14 data data NOUN fbem-18639 35 15 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 35 16 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 35 17 with with ADP fbem-18639 35 18 monopoly monopoly NOUN fbem-18639 35 19 position position NOUN fbem-18639 35 20 consisting consist VERB fbem-18639 35 21 of of ADP fbem-18639 35 22 a a DET fbem-18639 35 23 data data NOUN fbem-18639 35 24 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 35 25 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 35 26 a a DET fbem-18639 35 27 data data NOUN fbem-18639 35 28 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 35 29 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 35 30 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 36 1 among among ADP fbem-18639 36 2 them they PRON fbem-18639 36 3 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 4 the the DET fbem-18639 36 5 data data NOUN fbem-18639 36 6 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 36 7 obtains obtain VERB fbem-18639 36 8 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 36 9 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 10 of of ADP fbem-18639 36 11 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 36 12 π‘ž π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 36 13 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 36 14 size size VERB fbem-18639 36 15 𝑛 𝑛 VERB fbem-18639 36 16 through through ADP fbem-18639 36 17 a a DET fbem-18639 36 18 reward reward NOUN fbem-18639 36 19 mechanism mechanism NOUN fbem-18639 36 20 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 21 removes remove VERB fbem-18639 36 22 personal personal ADJ fbem-18639 36 23 attributes attribute NOUN fbem-18639 36 24 through through ADP fbem-18639 36 25 technical technical ADJ fbem-18639 36 26 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 36 27 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 36 28 then then ADV fbem-18639 36 29 sells sell VERB fbem-18639 36 30 them they PRON fbem-18639 36 31 to to ADP fbem-18639 36 32 the the DET fbem-18639 36 33 data data NOUN fbem-18639 36 34 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 36 35 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 36 36 at at ADP fbem-18639 36 37 price price NOUN fbem-18639 36 38 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 36 39 the the DET fbem-18639 36 40 71 71 NUM fbem-18639 36 41 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 42 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 36 43 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 36 44 produces produce VERB fbem-18639 36 45 data data NOUN fbem-18639 36 46 products product NOUN fbem-18639 36 47 by by ADP fbem-18639 36 48 processing process VERB fbem-18639 36 49 the the DET fbem-18639 36 50 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 36 51 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 52 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 36 53 through through ADP fbem-18639 36 54 its its PRON fbem-18639 36 55 own own ADJ fbem-18639 36 56 technical technical ADJ fbem-18639 36 57 resources resource NOUN fbem-18639 36 58 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 59 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 36 60 then then ADV fbem-18639 36 61 sells sell VERB fbem-18639 36 62 them they PRON fbem-18639 36 63 to to ADP fbem-18639 36 64 users user NOUN fbem-18639 36 65 at at ADP fbem-18639 36 66 a a DET fbem-18639 36 67 certain certain ADJ fbem-18639 36 68 price price NOUN fbem-18639 36 69 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 36 70 the the DET fbem-18639 36 71 government government NOUN fbem-18639 36 72 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 73 in in ADP fbem-18639 36 74 order order NOUN fbem-18639 36 75 to to PART fbem-18639 36 76 promote promote VERB fbem-18639 36 77 the the DET fbem-18639 36 78 technological technological ADJ fbem-18639 36 79 innovation innovation NOUN fbem-18639 36 80 of of ADP fbem-18639 36 81 the the DET fbem-18639 36 82 data data NOUN fbem-18639 36 83 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 36 84 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 36 85 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 86 will will AUX fbem-18639 36 87 subsidize subsidize VERB fbem-18639 36 88 the the DET fbem-18639 36 89 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 36 90 according accord VERB fbem-18639 36 91 to to ADP fbem-18639 36 92 the the DET fbem-18639 36 93 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 36 94 of of ADP fbem-18639 36 95 the the DET fbem-18639 36 96 data data NOUN fbem-18639 36 97 products product NOUN fbem-18639 36 98 it it PRON fbem-18639 36 99 produces produce VERB fbem-18639 36 100 at at ADP fbem-18639 36 101 a a DET fbem-18639 36 102 certain certain ADJ fbem-18639 36 103 price price NOUN fbem-18639 36 104 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 36 105 in in ADP fbem-18639 36 106 the the DET fbem-18639 36 107 operation operation NOUN fbem-18639 36 108 of of ADP fbem-18639 36 109 this this DET fbem-18639 36 110 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 111 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 36 112 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 36 113 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 114 both both DET fbem-18639 36 115 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 116 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 36 117 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 36 118 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 119 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 36 120 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 36 121 incur incur VERB fbem-18639 36 122 a a DET fbem-18639 36 123 certain certain ADJ fbem-18639 36 124 amount amount NOUN fbem-18639 36 125 of of ADP fbem-18639 36 126 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 36 127 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 36 128 costs cost NOUN fbem-18639 36 129 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 36 130 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 36 131 they they PRON fbem-18639 36 132 need need VERB fbem-18639 36 133 to to PART fbem-18639 36 134 consider consider VERB fbem-18639 36 135 their their PRON fbem-18639 36 136 own own ADJ fbem-18639 36 137 revenues revenue NOUN fbem-18639 36 138 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 36 139 costs cost NOUN fbem-18639 36 140 in in ADP fbem-18639 36 141 order order NOUN fbem-18639 36 142 to to PART fbem-18639 36 143 maximize maximize VERB fbem-18639 36 144 profits profit NOUN fbem-18639 36 145 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 37 1 in in ADP fbem-18639 37 2 order order NOUN fbem-18639 37 3 to to PART fbem-18639 37 4 illustrate illustrate VERB fbem-18639 37 5 more more ADV fbem-18639 37 6 clearly clearly ADV fbem-18639 37 7 the the DET fbem-18639 37 8 study study NOUN fbem-18639 37 9 of of ADP fbem-18639 37 10 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 37 11 maximization maximization NOUN fbem-18639 37 12 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 37 13 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 37 14 making making NOUN fbem-18639 37 15 of of ADP fbem-18639 37 16 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 37 17 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 37 18 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 37 19 under under ADP fbem-18639 37 20 the the DET fbem-18639 37 21 consideration consideration NOUN fbem-18639 37 22 of of ADP fbem-18639 37 23 network network NOUN fbem-18639 37 24 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 37 25 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 37 26 the the DET fbem-18639 37 27 relevant relevant ADJ fbem-18639 37 28 symbols symbol NOUN fbem-18639 37 29 involved involve VERB fbem-18639 37 30 in in ADP fbem-18639 37 31 the the DET fbem-18639 37 32 model model NOUN fbem-18639 37 33 construction construction NOUN fbem-18639 37 34 are be AUX fbem-18639 37 35 first first ADV fbem-18639 37 36 defined define VERB fbem-18639 37 37 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 37 38 as as SCONJ fbem-18639 37 39 shown show VERB fbem-18639 37 40 in in ADP fbem-18639 37 41 table table NOUN fbem-18639 37 42 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 37 43 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 37 44 table table NOUN fbem-18639 37 45 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 37 46 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 38 1 description description NOUN fbem-18639 38 2 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 3 relevant relevant ADJ fbem-18639 38 4 symbols symbol NOUN fbem-18639 38 5 symbol symbol NOUN fbem-18639 38 6 definition definition NOUN fbem-18639 38 7 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 38 8 price price NOUN fbem-18639 38 9 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 10 unit unit NOUN fbem-18639 38 11 quantity quantity NOUN fbem-18639 38 12 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 13 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 14 purchased purchase VERB fbem-18639 38 15 from from ADP fbem-18639 38 16 data data NOUN fbem-18639 38 17 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 38 18 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 19 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 20 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 38 21 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 38 22 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 38 23 price price NOUN fbem-18639 38 24 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 25 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 26 products product NOUN fbem-18639 38 27 developed develop VERB fbem-18639 38 28 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 29 the the DET fbem-18639 38 30 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 31 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 38 32 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 38 33 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 38 34 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 38 35 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 36 government government NOUN fbem-18639 38 37 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 38 38 to to PART fbem-18639 38 39 encourage encourage VERB fbem-18639 38 40 technological technological ADJ fbem-18639 38 41 innovation innovation NOUN fbem-18639 38 42 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 43 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 44 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 38 45 l l PROPN fbem-18639 38 46 f f PROPN fbem-18639 38 47 π‘ž π‘ž X fbem-18639 38 48 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 38 49 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 50 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 38 51 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 52 acquired acquire VERB fbem-18639 38 53 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 54 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 55 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 38 56 π‘ž π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 38 57 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 38 58 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 59 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 60 products product NOUN fbem-18639 38 61 developed develop VERB fbem-18639 38 62 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 63 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 64 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 38 65 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 38 66 𝑛 𝑛 DET fbem-18639 38 67 size size NOUN fbem-18639 38 68 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 69 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 38 70 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 71 acquired acquire VERB fbem-18639 38 72 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 73 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 74 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 38 75 Ξ± Ξ± PRON fbem-18639 38 76 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 38 77 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 38 78 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 79 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 38 80 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 81 acquired acquire VERB fbem-18639 38 82 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 83 the the DET fbem-18639 38 84 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 85 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 38 86 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 38 87 α∈(0 α∈(0 PROPN fbem-18639 38 88 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 38 89 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 38 90 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 38 91 π‘˜ π‘˜ DET fbem-18639 38 92 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 38 93 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 38 94 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 95 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 38 96 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 97 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 38 98 by by ADP fbem-18639 38 99 the the DET fbem-18639 38 100 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 101 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 38 102 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 38 103 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 38 104 ∈（0 ∈（0 NOUN fbem-18639 38 105 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 38 106 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 38 107 οΌ‰ οΌ‰ PUNCT fbem-18639 38 108 π‘˜ π‘˜ DET fbem-18639 38 109 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 38 110 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 111 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 112 product product NOUN fbem-18639 38 113 development development NOUN fbem-18639 38 114 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 38 115 of of ADP fbem-18639 38 116 the the DET fbem-18639 38 117 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 38 118 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 38 119 platformοΌŒπ‘˜ platformοΌŒπ‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 38 120 ∈(0 ∈(0 PROPN fbem-18639 38 121 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 38 122 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 38 123 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 38 124 𝑒 𝑒 PRON fbem-18639 38 125 network network NOUN fbem-18639 38 126 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 38 127 ， ， PROPN fbem-18639 38 128 π‘’βˆˆοΌˆ0 π‘’βˆˆοΌˆ0 PROPN fbem-18639 38 129 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 38 130 10 10 NUM fbem-18639 38 131 οΌ‰ οΌ‰ SYM fbem-18639 39 1 π‘Ž π‘Ž DET fbem-18639 39 2 user user NOUN fbem-18639 39 3 market market NOUN fbem-18639 39 4 size size NOUN fbem-18639 39 5 πœƒ πœƒ PRON fbem-18639 39 6 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 39 7 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 39 8 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 9 the the DET fbem-18639 39 10 selling selling NOUN fbem-18639 39 11 price price NOUN fbem-18639 39 12 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 13 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 14 products product NOUN fbem-18639 39 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 39 16 πœƒβˆˆ(0 πœƒβˆˆ(0 ADJ fbem-18639 39 17 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 39 18 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 39 19 οΌ‰ οΌ‰ SYM fbem-18639 39 20 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 39 21 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 39 22 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 39 23 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 24 the the DET fbem-18639 39 25 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 39 26 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 27 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 39 28 given give VERB fbem-18639 39 29 to to ADP fbem-18639 39 30 the the DET fbem-18639 39 31 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 39 32 by by ADP fbem-18639 39 33 the the DET fbem-18639 39 34 government government NOUN fbem-18639 39 35 ， ， PUNCT fbem-18639 39 36 π‘€βˆˆ π‘€βˆˆ NOUN fbem-18639 39 37 𝑄 𝑄 PROPN fbem-18639 39 38 market market NOUN fbem-18639 39 39 demand demand NOUN fbem-18639 39 40 for for ADP fbem-18639 39 41 the the DET fbem-18639 39 42 data data NOUN fbem-18639 39 43 product product NOUN fbem-18639 39 44 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 39 45 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 39 46 function function NOUN fbem-18639 39 47 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 48 the the DET fbem-18639 39 49 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 50 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 39 51 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 39 52 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 39 53 function function NOUN fbem-18639 39 54 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 55 the the DET fbem-18639 39 56 data data NOUN fbem-18639 39 57 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 39 58 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 39 59 πœ‹ πœ‹ PROPN fbem-18639 39 60 total total ADJ fbem-18639 39 61 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 39 62 function function NOUN fbem-18639 39 63 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 64 the the DET fbem-18639 39 65 data data NOUN fbem-18639 39 66 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 39 67 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 39 68 assumption assumption NOUN fbem-18639 39 69 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 39 70 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 71 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 39 72 need need VERB fbem-18639 39 73 to to PART fbem-18639 39 74 pay pay VERB fbem-18639 39 75 a a DET fbem-18639 39 76 certain certain ADJ fbem-18639 39 77 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 39 78 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 39 79 acquiring acquire VERB fbem-18639 39 80 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 39 81 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 82 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 39 83 the the DET fbem-18639 39 84 more more ADJ fbem-18639 39 85 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 39 86 they they PRON fbem-18639 39 87 pay pay VERB fbem-18639 39 88 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 39 89 the the PRON fbem-18639 39 90 larger large ADJ fbem-18639 39 91 the the DET fbem-18639 39 92 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 39 93 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 39 94 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 39 95 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 96 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 39 97 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 98 they they PRON fbem-18639 39 99 acquire acquire VERB fbem-18639 39 100 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 39 101 so so SCONJ fbem-18639 39 102 this this DET fbem-18639 39 103 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 39 104 assumes assume VERB fbem-18639 39 105 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 39 106 the the DET fbem-18639 39 107 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 39 108 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 109 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 39 110 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 111 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 39 112 for for ADP fbem-18639 39 113 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 114 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 39 115 is be AUX fbem-18639 39 116 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž PROPN fbem-18639 39 117 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 39 118 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 39 119 where where SCONJ fbem-18639 39 120 𝛼 𝛼 PRON fbem-18639 39 121 denotes denote VERB fbem-18639 39 122 the the DET fbem-18639 39 123 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 39 124 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 39 125 of of ADP fbem-18639 39 126 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 39 127 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 39 128 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 39 129 for for ADP fbem-18639 39 130 data data NOUN fbem-18639 39 131 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 39 132 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 40 1 assumption assumption NOUN fbem-18639 40 2 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 40 3 the the DET fbem-18639 40 4 improvement improvement NOUN fbem-18639 40 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 6 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 40 7 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 40 8 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 40 9 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 40 10 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 40 11 helps help VERB fbem-18639 40 12 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 40 13 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 40 14 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 40 15 to to PART fbem-18639 40 16 develop develop VERB fbem-18639 40 17 higher high ADJ fbem-18639 40 18 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 40 19 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 40 20 products product NOUN fbem-18639 40 21 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 40 22 so so SCONJ fbem-18639 40 23 this this DET fbem-18639 40 24 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 40 25 assumes assume VERB fbem-18639 40 26 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 40 27 the the DET fbem-18639 40 28 relationship relationship NOUN fbem-18639 40 29 function function NOUN fbem-18639 40 30 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 31 π‘ž π‘ž PROPN fbem-18639 40 32 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 40 33 π‘ž π‘ž PROPN fbem-18639 40 34 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 40 35 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 40 36 is be AUX fbem-18639 40 37 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 40 38 π‘ž π‘ž X fbem-18639 40 39 π‘ž π‘ž PART fbem-18639 40 40 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 40 41 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 40 42 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 40 43 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 40 44 assumption assumption NOUN fbem-18639 40 45 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 40 46 the the DET fbem-18639 40 47 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 40 48 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 40 49 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 50 the the DET fbem-18639 40 51 government government NOUN fbem-18639 40 52 to to PART fbem-18639 40 53 encourage encourage VERB fbem-18639 40 54 technological technological ADJ fbem-18639 40 55 innovation innovation NOUN fbem-18639 40 56 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 57 the the DET fbem-18639 40 58 data data NOUN fbem-18639 40 59 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 40 60 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 40 61 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 40 62 the the DET fbem-18639 40 63 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 40 64 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 65 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 40 66 products product NOUN fbem-18639 40 67 is be AUX fbem-18639 40 68 a a DET fbem-18639 40 69 linear linear ADJ fbem-18639 40 70 relationship relationship NOUN fbem-18639 40 71 between between ADP fbem-18639 40 72 the the PRON fbem-18639 40 73 higher high ADJ fbem-18639 40 74 the the DET fbem-18639 40 75 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 40 76 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 77 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 40 78 products product NOUN fbem-18639 40 79 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 40 80 by by ADP fbem-18639 40 81 the the DET fbem-18639 40 82 user user NOUN fbem-18639 40 83 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 40 84 the the DET fbem-18639 40 85 more more ADJ fbem-18639 40 86 government government NOUN fbem-18639 40 87 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 40 88 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 40 89 but but CCONJ fbem-18639 40 90 the the DET fbem-18639 40 91 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 40 92 is be AUX fbem-18639 40 93 not not PART fbem-18639 40 94 an an DET fbem-18639 40 95 infinite infinite ADJ fbem-18639 40 96 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 40 97 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 40 98 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 40 99 the the DET fbem-18639 40 100 relationship relationship NOUN fbem-18639 40 101 function function NOUN fbem-18639 40 102 is be AUX fbem-18639 40 103 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 40 104 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 40 105 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 40 106 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 40 107 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 40 108 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 40 109 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 40 110 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 40 111 assumption assumption NOUN fbem-18639 40 112 4 4 NUM fbem-18639 40 113 assume assume VERB fbem-18639 40 114 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 40 115 end end NOUN fbem-18639 40 116 users user NOUN fbem-18639 40 117 will will AUX fbem-18639 40 118 only only ADV fbem-18639 40 119 purchase purchase VERB fbem-18639 40 120 data data NOUN fbem-18639 40 121 products product NOUN fbem-18639 40 122 on on ADP fbem-18639 40 123 this this DET fbem-18639 40 124 one one NUM fbem-18639 40 125 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 40 126 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 40 127 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 40 128 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 40 129 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 40 130 the the DET fbem-18639 40 131 product product NOUN fbem-18639 40 132 production production NOUN fbem-18639 40 133 of of ADP fbem-18639 40 134 the the DET fbem-18639 40 135 data data NOUN fbem-18639 40 136 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 40 137 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 40 138 is be AUX fbem-18639 40 139 the the DET fbem-18639 40 140 market market NOUN fbem-18639 40 141 demand demand NOUN fbem-18639 40 142 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 41 1 in in ADP fbem-18639 41 2 order order NOUN fbem-18639 41 3 to to PART fbem-18639 41 4 consider consider VERB fbem-18639 41 5 the the DET fbem-18639 41 6 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 41 7 of of ADP fbem-18639 41 8 network network NOUN fbem-18639 41 9 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 41 10 on on ADP fbem-18639 41 11 the the DET fbem-18639 41 12 data data NOUN fbem-18639 41 13 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 41 14 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 41 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 41 16 the the DET fbem-18639 41 17 demand demand NOUN fbem-18639 41 18 function function NOUN fbem-18639 41 19 of of ADP fbem-18639 41 20 the the DET fbem-18639 41 21 market market NOUN fbem-18639 41 22 is be AUX fbem-18639 41 23 defined define VERB fbem-18639 41 24 as as ADP fbem-18639 41 25 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 41 26 𝑄 𝑄 PROPN fbem-18639 41 27 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 41 28 𝑒 𝑒 PRON fbem-18639 41 29 π‘Ž π‘Ž PROPN fbem-18639 41 30 πœƒπ‘ƒ πœƒπ‘ƒ NOUN fbem-18639 41 31 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 41 32 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 41 33 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 41 34 where where SCONJ fbem-18639 41 35 𝑒 𝑒 PRON fbem-18639 41 36 is be AUX fbem-18639 41 37 the the DET fbem-18639 41 38 network network NOUN fbem-18639 41 39 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 41 40 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 41 41 π‘Ž π‘Ž X fbem-18639 41 42 is be AUX fbem-18639 41 43 the the DET fbem-18639 41 44 end end NOUN fbem-18639 41 45 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 41 46 user user NOUN fbem-18639 41 47 size size NOUN fbem-18639 41 48 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 41 49 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 41 50 πœƒ πœƒ X fbem-18639 41 51 is be AUX fbem-18639 41 52 the the DET fbem-18639 41 53 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 41 54 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 41 55 of of ADP fbem-18639 41 56 the the DET fbem-18639 41 57 sales sale NOUN fbem-18639 41 58 price price NOUN fbem-18639 41 59 of of ADP fbem-18639 41 60 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 41 61 products product NOUN fbem-18639 41 62 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 42 1 assumption assumption NOUN fbem-18639 42 2 5 5 NUM fbem-18639 42 3 the the DET fbem-18639 42 4 profits profit NOUN fbem-18639 42 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 42 6 the the DET fbem-18639 42 7 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 42 8 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 42 9 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 42 10 the the DET fbem-18639 42 11 data data NOUN fbem-18639 42 12 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 42 13 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 42 14 are be AUX fbem-18639 42 15 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 42 16 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 42 17 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 42 18 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 42 19 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 42 20 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 42 21 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 42 22 the the DET fbem-18639 42 23 total total ADJ fbem-18639 42 24 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 42 25 of of ADP fbem-18639 42 26 the the DET fbem-18639 42 27 data data NOUN fbem-18639 42 28 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 42 29 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 42 30 is be AUX fbem-18639 42 31 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 42 32 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 43 1 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 43 2 the the DET fbem-18639 43 3 data data NOUN fbem-18639 43 4 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 43 5 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 43 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 43 7 the the DET fbem-18639 43 8 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 43 9 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 43 10 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 43 11 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 43 12 the the DET fbem-18639 43 13 product product NOUN fbem-18639 43 14 development development NOUN fbem-18639 43 15 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 43 16 also also ADV fbem-18639 43 17 increase increase VERB fbem-18639 43 18 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 43 19 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 43 20 the the DET fbem-18639 43 21 growth growth NOUN fbem-18639 43 22 rate rate NOUN fbem-18639 43 23 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 43 24 gradually gradually ADV fbem-18639 43 25 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 43 26 so so SCONJ fbem-18639 43 27 this this DET fbem-18639 43 28 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 43 29 assumes assume VERB fbem-18639 43 30 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 43 31 the the DET fbem-18639 43 32 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 43 33 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 43 34 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 43 35 of of ADP fbem-18639 43 36 the the DET fbem-18639 43 37 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 43 38 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 43 39 the the DET fbem-18639 43 40 product product NOUN fbem-18639 43 41 development development NOUN fbem-18639 43 42 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 43 43 of of ADP fbem-18639 43 44 the the DET fbem-18639 43 45 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 43 46 are be AUX fbem-18639 43 47 π‘˜ π‘˜ DET fbem-18639 43 48 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 43 49 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 43 50 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 43 51 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 43 52 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 43 53 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 43 54 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 43 55 where where SCONJ fbem-18639 43 56 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 43 57 denotes denote VERB fbem-18639 43 58 the the DET fbem-18639 43 59 original original ADJ fbem-18639 43 60 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 43 61 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 43 62 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 43 63 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 43 64 of of ADP fbem-18639 43 65 the the DET fbem-18639 43 66 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 43 67 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 43 68 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 43 69 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 43 70 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 43 71 is be AUX fbem-18639 43 72 the the DET fbem-18639 43 73 data data NOUN fbem-18639 43 74 product product NOUN fbem-18639 43 75 development development NOUN fbem-18639 43 76 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 43 77 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 43 78 of of ADP fbem-18639 43 79 the the DET fbem-18639 43 80 data data NOUN fbem-18639 43 81 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 43 82 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 43 83 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 44 1 the the DET fbem-18639 44 2 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 44 3 function function NOUN fbem-18639 44 4 of of ADP fbem-18639 44 5 the the DET fbem-18639 44 6 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 44 7 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 44 8 is be AUX fbem-18639 44 9 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 44 10 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 44 11 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 44 12 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 44 13 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž NUM fbem-18639 44 14 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 44 15 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 44 16 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 44 17 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 44 18 4 4 NUM fbem-18639 44 19 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 44 20 the the DET fbem-18639 44 21 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 44 22 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 44 23 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 44 24 receives receive VERB fbem-18639 44 25 government government NOUN fbem-18639 44 26 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 44 27 by by ADP fbem-18639 44 28 producing produce VERB fbem-18639 44 29 high high ADJ fbem-18639 44 30 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 44 31 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 44 32 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 44 33 products product NOUN fbem-18639 44 34 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 44 35 also also ADV fbem-18639 44 36 earns earn VERB fbem-18639 44 37 profits profit NOUN fbem-18639 44 38 by by ADP fbem-18639 44 39 selling sell VERB fbem-18639 44 40 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 44 41 products product NOUN fbem-18639 44 42 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 45 1 the the DET fbem-18639 45 2 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 45 3 function function NOUN fbem-18639 45 4 of of ADP fbem-18639 45 5 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 45 6 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 45 7 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 45 8 is be AUX fbem-18639 45 9 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 45 10 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 45 11 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 45 12 𝑄 𝑄 NOUN fbem-18639 45 13 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 45 14 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 45 15 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 45 16 𝑛 𝑛 NOUN fbem-18639 45 17 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 45 18 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 45 19 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 45 20 5 5 NUM fbem-18639 45 21 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 45 22 the the DET fbem-18639 45 23 total total ADJ fbem-18639 45 24 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 45 25 function function NOUN fbem-18639 45 26 of of ADP fbem-18639 45 27 the the DET fbem-18639 45 28 data data NOUN fbem-18639 45 29 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 45 30 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 45 31 is be AUX fbem-18639 45 32 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 45 33 πœ‹ πœ‹ X fbem-18639 45 34 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 45 35 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 45 36 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 45 37 6 6 NUM fbem-18639 45 38 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 45 39 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 45 40 the the DET fbem-18639 45 41 size size NOUN fbem-18639 45 42 of of ADP fbem-18639 45 43 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 45 44 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 45 45 is be AUX fbem-18639 45 46 too too ADV fbem-18639 45 47 large large ADJ fbem-18639 45 48 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 45 49 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 45 50 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 45 51 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 45 52 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 45 53 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 45 54 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 45 55 will will AUX fbem-18639 45 56 give give VERB fbem-18639 45 57 up up ADP fbem-18639 45 58 the the DET fbem-18639 45 59 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 45 60 of of ADP fbem-18639 45 61 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 45 62 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 45 63 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 45 64 the the DET fbem-18639 45 65 development development NOUN fbem-18639 45 66 of of ADP fbem-18639 45 67 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 45 68 products product NOUN fbem-18639 45 69 because because SCONJ fbem-18639 45 70 the the DET fbem-18639 45 71 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 45 72 is be AUX fbem-18639 45 73 higher high ADJ fbem-18639 45 74 than than ADP fbem-18639 45 75 the the DET fbem-18639 45 76 benefit benefit NOUN fbem-18639 45 77 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 46 1 72 72 NUM fbem-18639 46 2 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 46 3 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 46 4 model model NOUN fbem-18639 46 5 construction construction NOUN fbem-18639 46 6 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 46 7 analysis analysis NOUN fbem-18639 46 8 3.1 3.1 NUM fbem-18639 46 9 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 47 1 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 47 2 model model NOUN fbem-18639 47 3 analysis analysis NOUN fbem-18639 47 4 under under ADP fbem-18639 47 5 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 47 6 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 47 7 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 47 8 making making NOUN fbem-18639 47 9 under under ADP fbem-18639 47 10 the the DET fbem-18639 47 11 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 47 12 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 47 13 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 47 14 making make VERB fbem-18639 47 15 model model NOUN fbem-18639 47 16 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 47 17 this this DET fbem-18639 47 18 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 47 19 is be AUX fbem-18639 47 20 based base VERB fbem-18639 47 21 on on ADP fbem-18639 47 22 the the DET fbem-18639 47 23 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ fbem-18639 47 24 three three NUM fbem-18639 47 25 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 47 26 stage stage NOUN fbem-18639 47 27 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 28 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 47 29 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 47 30 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 47 31 in in ADP fbem-18639 47 32 which which PRON fbem-18639 47 33 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 34 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 47 35 charge charge VERB fbem-18639 47 36 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 37 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 47 38 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 47 39 the the DET fbem-18639 47 40 subscription subscription NOUN fbem-18639 47 41 price price NOUN fbem-18639 47 42 of of ADP fbem-18639 47 43 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 47 44 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 45 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 47 46 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 47 47 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 48 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 47 49 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 47 50 receive receive VERB fbem-18639 47 51 government government NOUN fbem-18639 47 52 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 47 53 for for ADP fbem-18639 47 54 the the DET fbem-18639 47 55 production production NOUN fbem-18639 47 56 of of ADP fbem-18639 47 57 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 58 products product NOUN fbem-18639 47 59 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 47 60 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 47 61 ultimately ultimately ADV fbem-18639 47 62 data data VERB fbem-18639 47 63 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 47 64 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 47 65 charge charge VERB fbem-18639 47 66 end end NOUN fbem-18639 47 67 users user NOUN fbem-18639 47 68 the the DET fbem-18639 47 69 price price NOUN fbem-18639 47 70 of of ADP fbem-18639 47 71 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 47 72 products product NOUN fbem-18639 47 73 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 47 74 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 48 1 this this DET fbem-18639 48 2 study study NOUN fbem-18639 48 3 establishes establish VERB fbem-18639 48 4 the the DET fbem-18639 48 5 transaction transaction NOUN fbem-18639 48 6 process process NOUN fbem-18639 48 7 between between ADP fbem-18639 48 8 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 48 9 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 48 10 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 48 11 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 48 12 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 48 13 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 48 14 as as ADP fbem-18639 48 15 a a DET fbem-18639 48 16 two two NUM fbem-18639 48 17 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 48 18 stage stage NOUN fbem-18639 48 19 game game NOUN fbem-18639 48 20 in in ADP fbem-18639 48 21 this this DET fbem-18639 48 22 study study NOUN fbem-18639 48 23 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 48 24 the the DET fbem-18639 48 25 transaction transaction NOUN fbem-18639 48 26 process process NOUN fbem-18639 48 27 between between ADP fbem-18639 48 28 the the DET fbem-18639 48 29 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 48 30 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 48 31 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 48 32 the the DET fbem-18639 48 33 data data NOUN fbem-18639 48 34 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 48 35 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 48 36 is be AUX fbem-18639 48 37 modeled model VERB fbem-18639 48 38 as as ADP fbem-18639 48 39 a a DET fbem-18639 48 40 two two NUM fbem-18639 48 41 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 48 42 stage stage NOUN fbem-18639 48 43 game game NOUN fbem-18639 48 44 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 48 45 where where SCONJ fbem-18639 48 46 the the DET fbem-18639 48 47 first first ADJ fbem-18639 48 48 stage stage NOUN fbem-18639 48 49 is be AUX fbem-18639 48 50 for for SCONJ fbem-18639 48 51 the the DET fbem-18639 48 52 data data NOUN fbem-18639 48 53 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 48 54 to to PART fbem-18639 48 55 decide decide VERB fbem-18639 48 56 the the DET fbem-18639 48 57 price price NOUN fbem-18639 48 58 of of ADP fbem-18639 48 59 the the DET fbem-18639 48 60 original original ADJ fbem-18639 48 61 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 48 62 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 48 63 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 48 64 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 48 65 the the DET fbem-18639 48 66 second second ADJ fbem-18639 48 67 stage stage NOUN fbem-18639 48 68 is be AUX fbem-18639 48 69 for for SCONJ fbem-18639 48 70 the the DET fbem-18639 48 71 data data NOUN fbem-18639 48 72 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 48 73 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 48 74 to to PART fbem-18639 48 75 decide decide VERB fbem-18639 48 76 the the DET fbem-18639 48 77 price price NOUN fbem-18639 48 78 of of ADP fbem-18639 48 79 the the DET fbem-18639 48 80 data data NOUN fbem-18639 48 81 product product NOUN fbem-18639 48 82 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 48 83 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 49 1 the the DET fbem-18639 49 2 model model NOUN fbem-18639 49 3 can can AUX fbem-18639 49 4 be be AUX fbem-18639 49 5 expressed express VERB fbem-18639 49 6 as as SCONJ fbem-18639 49 7 follows follow VERB fbem-18639 49 8 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 50 1 πœ‹ πœ‹ PRON fbem-18639 50 2 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 50 3 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 50 4 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 50 5 𝑄 𝑄 NOUN fbem-18639 50 6 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž VERB fbem-18639 50 7 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 50 8 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 50 9 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 50 10 𝑛 𝑛 INTJ fbem-18639 50 11 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 50 12 𝑛 𝑛 DET fbem-18639 50 13 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 50 14 𝑒 𝑒 NOUN fbem-18639 50 15 π‘Žπ‘ƒ π‘Žπ‘ƒ PROPN fbem-18639 50 16 πœƒπ‘ƒ πœƒπ‘ƒ PROPN fbem-18639 50 17 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 50 18 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 50 19 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 50 20 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 50 21 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 50 22 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 50 23 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 50 24 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 50 25 7 7 NUM fbem-18639 50 26 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 50 27 again again ADV fbem-18639 50 28 taking take VERB fbem-18639 50 29 the the DET fbem-18639 50 30 second second ADJ fbem-18639 50 31 order order NOUN fbem-18639 50 32 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 50 33 derivative derivative NOUN fbem-18639 50 34 with with ADP fbem-18639 50 35 respect respect NOUN fbem-18639 50 36 to to ADP fbem-18639 50 37 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 50 38 yields yield NOUN fbem-18639 50 39 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 50 40 2πœƒ 2πœƒ NUM fbem-18639 50 41 0 0 NUM fbem-18639 51 1 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 51 2 8) 8) NUM fbem-18639 51 3 since since SCONJ fbem-18639 51 4 its its PRON fbem-18639 51 5 second second ADJ fbem-18639 51 6 order order NOUN fbem-18639 51 7 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 51 8 derivative derivative NOUN fbem-18639 51 9 is be AUX fbem-18639 51 10 less less ADJ fbem-18639 51 11 than than ADP fbem-18639 51 12 zero zero NUM fbem-18639 51 13 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 51 14 there there PRON fbem-18639 51 15 exists exist VERB fbem-18639 51 16 an an DET fbem-18639 51 17 extreme extreme ADJ fbem-18639 51 18 value value NOUN fbem-18639 51 19 of of ADP fbem-18639 51 20 πœ‹ πœ‹ PRON fbem-18639 51 21 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 52 1 the the DET fbem-18639 52 2 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 52 3 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 52 4 is be AUX fbem-18639 52 5 achieved achieve VERB fbem-18639 52 6 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 52 7 the the DET fbem-18639 52 8 first first ADJ fbem-18639 52 9 order order NOUN fbem-18639 52 10 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 52 11 derivative derivative NOUN fbem-18639 52 12 is be AUX fbem-18639 52 13 equal equal ADJ fbem-18639 52 14 to to ADP fbem-18639 52 15 zero zero NUM fbem-18639 52 16 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 52 17 at at ADP fbem-18639 52 18 this this DET fbem-18639 52 19 time time NOUN fbem-18639 52 20 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 52 21 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 52 22 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN fbem-18639 52 23 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 52 24 9 9 NUM fbem-18639 52 25 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 52 26 substituting substitute VERB fbem-18639 52 27 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 52 28 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 52 29 9 9 NUM fbem-18639 52 30 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 52 31 into into ADP fbem-18639 52 32 πœ‹ πœ‹ PRON fbem-18639 52 33 can can AUX fbem-18639 52 34 be be AUX fbem-18639 52 35 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 52 36 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 52 37 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 52 38 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž ADP fbem-18639 52 39 𝑛 𝑛 PRON fbem-18639 53 1 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 53 2 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 53 3 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 53 4 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADJ fbem-18639 53 5 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 53 6 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 53 7 10 10 NUM fbem-18639 53 8 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 53 9 then then ADV fbem-18639 53 10 the the DET fbem-18639 53 11 second second ADJ fbem-18639 53 12 order order NOUN fbem-18639 53 13 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 53 14 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 53 15 can can AUX fbem-18639 53 16 be be AUX fbem-18639 53 17 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 53 18 for for ADP fbem-18639 53 19 π‘ž π‘ž PROPN fbem-18639 53 20 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 53 21 𝑛 𝑛 PRON fbem-18639 53 22 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 53 23 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 53 24 2𝛼𝑛 2𝛼𝑛 NOUN fbem-18639 53 25 0 0 PUNCT fbem-18639 53 26 ， ， PROPN fbem-18639 53 27 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 53 28 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 53 29 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 53 30 0 0 SYM fbem-18639 53 31 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 53 32 11 11 NUM fbem-18639 53 33 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 53 34 one one PRON fbem-18639 53 35 can can AUX fbem-18639 53 36 find find VERB fbem-18639 53 37 π‘ž π‘ž PRON fbem-18639 53 38 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 53 39 𝑛 𝑛 PRON fbem-18639 53 40 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 53 41 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 53 42 π‘ž π‘ž X fbem-18639 53 43 ， ， PROPN fbem-18639 53 44 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 53 45 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 53 46 12 12 NUM fbem-18639 53 47 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 53 48 the the DET fbem-18639 53 49 maximum maximum ADJ fbem-18639 53 50 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 53 51 of of ADP fbem-18639 53 52 the the DET fbem-18639 53 53 data data NOUN fbem-18639 53 54 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 53 55 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 53 56 is be AUX fbem-18639 53 57 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 53 58 π‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯πœ‹ π‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯πœ‹ PROPN fbem-18639 53 59 π‘Ž π‘Ž PROPN fbem-18639 53 60 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 53 61 𝑒 𝑒 PRON fbem-18639 53 62 4πœƒ 4πœƒ NOUN fbem-18639 53 63 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 53 64 64𝛼 64𝛼 NOUN fbem-18639 53 65 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 53 66 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 53 67 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 53 68 13 13 NUM fbem-18639 53 69 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 53 70 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 53 71 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 53 72 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 53 73 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 53 74 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 53 75 π‘ž π‘ž X fbem-18639 53 76 is be AUX fbem-18639 53 77 inversely inversely ADV fbem-18639 53 78 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 53 79 to to ADP fbem-18639 53 80 the the DET fbem-18639 53 81 data data NOUN fbem-18639 53 82 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 53 83 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 53 84 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 53 85 𝛼 𝛼 NOUN fbem-18639 53 86 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 53 87 directly directly ADV fbem-18639 53 88 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 53 89 to to ADP fbem-18639 53 90 the the DET fbem-18639 53 91 government government NOUN fbem-18639 53 92 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 53 93 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 53 94 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 53 95 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 53 96 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 54 1 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 54 2 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 3 size size NOUN fbem-18639 54 4 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 54 5 is be AUX fbem-18639 54 6 inversely inversely ADV fbem-18639 54 7 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 54 8 to to ADP fbem-18639 54 9 the the DET fbem-18639 54 10 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 54 11 𝛼 𝛼 ADP fbem-18639 54 12 as as ADV fbem-18639 54 13 well well ADV fbem-18639 54 14 as as ADP fbem-18639 54 15 to to ADP fbem-18639 54 16 the the DET fbem-18639 54 17 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 18 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 54 19 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 54 20 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 54 21 π‘˜ π‘˜ ADP fbem-18639 54 22 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 54 23 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 54 24 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 54 25 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 54 26 directly directly ADV fbem-18639 54 27 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 54 28 to to ADP fbem-18639 54 29 the the DET fbem-18639 54 30 government government NOUN fbem-18639 54 31 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 54 32 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 54 33 fee fee NOUN fbem-18639 54 34 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 54 35 𝑀. 𝑀. NOUN fbem-18639 54 36 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 54 37 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 54 38 as as SCONJ fbem-18639 54 39 can can AUX fbem-18639 54 40 be be AUX fbem-18639 54 41 seen see VERB fbem-18639 54 42 from from ADP fbem-18639 54 43 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 54 44 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 54 45 12 12 NUM fbem-18639 54 46 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 54 47 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 54 48 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 54 49 the the DET fbem-18639 54 50 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 54 51 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 54 52 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 54 53 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 54 54 the the DET fbem-18639 54 55 original original ADJ fbem-18639 54 56 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 57 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 54 58 π‘ž π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 54 59 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 54 60 the the DET fbem-18639 54 61 original original ADJ fbem-18639 54 62 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 63 size size NOUN fbem-18639 54 64 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 54 65 both both DET fbem-18639 54 66 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 54 67 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 54 68 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 54 69 the the DET fbem-18639 54 70 data data NOUN fbem-18639 54 71 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 54 72 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 54 73 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 54 74 𝛼 𝛼 PRON fbem-18639 54 75 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 54 76 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 54 77 the the DET fbem-18639 54 78 original original ADJ fbem-18639 54 79 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 80 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 54 81 π‘ž π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 54 82 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 54 83 the the DET fbem-18639 54 84 original original ADJ fbem-18639 54 85 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 86 size size NOUN fbem-18639 54 87 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 54 88 both both DET fbem-18639 54 89 decrease decrease NOUN fbem-18639 54 90 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 54 91 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 54 92 the the DET fbem-18639 54 93 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 54 94 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 54 95 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 54 96 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 54 97 π‘˜ π‘˜ ADP fbem-18639 54 98 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 54 99 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 54 100 both both DET fbem-18639 54 101 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 54 102 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 54 103 size size NOUN fbem-18639 54 104 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 54 105 decreases decrease NOUN fbem-18639 54 106 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 55 1 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 55 2 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 55 3 both both PRON fbem-18639 55 4 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 55 5 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 55 6 the the DET fbem-18639 55 7 price price NOUN fbem-18639 55 8 of of ADP fbem-18639 55 9 the the DET fbem-18639 55 10 data data NOUN fbem-18639 55 11 product product NOUN fbem-18639 55 12 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 55 13 are be AUX fbem-18639 55 14 positively positively ADV fbem-18639 55 15 affected affect VERB fbem-18639 55 16 by by ADP fbem-18639 55 17 network network NOUN fbem-18639 55 18 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 55 19 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 56 1 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 56 2 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 56 3 from from ADP fbem-18639 56 4 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 56 5 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 56 6 9 9 NUM fbem-18639 56 7 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 56 8 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 56 9 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 56 10 13 13 NUM fbem-18639 56 11 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 56 12 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 56 13 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 56 14 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 56 15 the the DET fbem-18639 56 16 network network NOUN fbem-18639 56 17 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 56 18 is be AUX fbem-18639 56 19 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 56 20 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 56 21 the the DET fbem-18639 56 22 total total ADJ fbem-18639 56 23 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 56 24 of of ADP fbem-18639 56 25 the the DET fbem-18639 56 26 data data NOUN fbem-18639 56 27 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 56 28 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 56 29 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 56 30 the the DET fbem-18639 56 31 price price NOUN fbem-18639 56 32 of of ADP fbem-18639 56 33 the the DET fbem-18639 56 34 data data NOUN fbem-18639 56 35 product product NOUN fbem-18639 56 36 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 56 37 are be AUX fbem-18639 56 38 both both PRON fbem-18639 56 39 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 56 40 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 57 1 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 57 2 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 57 3 the the DET fbem-18639 57 4 total total ADJ fbem-18639 57 5 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 57 6 of of ADP fbem-18639 57 7 the the DET fbem-18639 57 8 data data NOUN fbem-18639 57 9 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 57 10 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 57 11 is be AUX fbem-18639 57 12 inversely inversely ADV fbem-18639 57 13 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 57 14 to to ADP fbem-18639 57 15 the the DET fbem-18639 57 16 data data NOUN fbem-18639 57 17 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 57 18 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 57 19 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 57 20 𝛼 𝛼 NOUN fbem-18639 57 21 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 57 22 the the DET fbem-18639 57 23 data data NOUN fbem-18639 57 24 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 57 25 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 57 26 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 57 27 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 57 28 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 29 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 57 30 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 31 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 57 32 directly directly ADV fbem-18639 57 33 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 57 34 to to ADP fbem-18639 57 35 the the DET fbem-18639 57 36 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 57 37 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 57 38 of of ADP fbem-18639 57 39 government government NOUN fbem-18639 57 40 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 57 41 𝑀. 𝑀. NOUN fbem-18639 57 42 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 57 43 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 57 44 from from ADP fbem-18639 57 45 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 57 46 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 57 47 13 13 NUM fbem-18639 57 48 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 57 49 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 50 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 57 51 the the DET fbem-18639 57 52 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 57 53 𝛼 𝛼 X fbem-18639 57 54 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 57 55 the the DET fbem-18639 57 56 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 57 57 coefficients coefficient VERB fbem-18639 57 58 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 57 59 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 60 π‘˜ π‘˜ DET fbem-18639 57 61 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 57 62 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 63 the the DET fbem-18639 57 64 maximum maximum ADJ fbem-18639 57 65 total total ADJ fbem-18639 57 66 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 57 67 of of ADP fbem-18639 57 68 the the DET fbem-18639 57 69 data data NOUN fbem-18639 57 70 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 57 71 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 57 72 decreases decrease NOUN fbem-18639 57 73 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 57 74 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 57 75 the the DET fbem-18639 57 76 government government NOUN fbem-18639 57 77 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 57 78 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 57 79 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 57 80 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 57 81 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 57 82 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 83 the the DET fbem-18639 57 84 maximum maximum ADJ fbem-18639 57 85 total total ADJ fbem-18639 57 86 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 57 87 of of ADP fbem-18639 57 88 the the DET fbem-18639 57 89 data data NOUN fbem-18639 57 90 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 57 91 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 57 92 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 57 93 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 57 94 so so SCONJ fbem-18639 57 95 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 57 96 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 57 97 3 3 NUM fbem-18639 57 98 is be AUX fbem-18639 57 99 proved prove VERB fbem-18639 57 100 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 58 1 3.2 3.2 NUM fbem-18639 58 2 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 59 1 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 59 2 model model NOUN fbem-18639 59 3 analysis analysis NOUN fbem-18639 59 4 under under ADP fbem-18639 59 5 decentralized decentralize VERB fbem-18639 59 6 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 59 7 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 59 8 making make VERB fbem-18639 59 9 the the DET fbem-18639 59 10 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 59 11 model model NOUN fbem-18639 59 12 under under ADP fbem-18639 59 13 decentralized decentralize VERB fbem-18639 59 14 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 59 15 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 59 16 making making NOUN fbem-18639 59 17 is be AUX fbem-18639 59 18 based base VERB fbem-18639 59 19 on on ADP fbem-18639 59 20 the the DET fbem-18639 59 21 three three NUM fbem-18639 59 22 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 59 23 level level NOUN fbem-18639 59 24 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 25 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 59 26 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 59 27 composed compose VERB fbem-18639 59 28 of of ADP fbem-18639 59 29 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 30 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 59 31 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 59 32 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 33 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 59 34 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 59 35 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 59 36 users user NOUN fbem-18639 59 37 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 59 38 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 59 39 a a DET fbem-18639 59 40 stackelberg stackelberg PROPN fbem-18639 59 41 game game NOUN fbem-18639 59 42 model model NOUN fbem-18639 59 43 between between ADP fbem-18639 59 44 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 45 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 59 46 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 59 47 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 48 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 59 49 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 59 50 is be AUX fbem-18639 59 51 constructed construct VERB fbem-18639 59 52 by by ADP fbem-18639 59 53 taking take VERB fbem-18639 59 54 into into ADP fbem-18639 59 55 account account NOUN fbem-18639 59 56 the the DET fbem-18639 59 57 original original ADJ fbem-18639 59 58 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 59 transaction transaction NOUN fbem-18639 59 60 process process NOUN fbem-18639 59 61 between between ADP fbem-18639 59 62 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 63 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 59 64 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 59 65 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 66 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 59 67 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 59 68 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 59 69 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 59 70 the the DET fbem-18639 59 71 data data NOUN fbem-18639 59 72 product product NOUN fbem-18639 59 73 transaction transaction NOUN fbem-18639 59 74 process process NOUN fbem-18639 59 75 between between ADP fbem-18639 59 76 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 59 77 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 59 78 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 59 79 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 59 80 users user NOUN fbem-18639 59 81 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 60 1 the the DET fbem-18639 60 2 game game NOUN fbem-18639 60 3 sequence sequence NOUN fbem-18639 60 4 of of ADP fbem-18639 60 5 the the DET fbem-18639 60 6 model model NOUN fbem-18639 60 7 is be AUX fbem-18639 60 8 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 60 9 the the DET fbem-18639 60 10 data data NOUN fbem-18639 60 11 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 60 12 first first ADV fbem-18639 60 13 chooses choose VERB fbem-18639 60 14 the the DET fbem-18639 60 15 original original ADJ fbem-18639 60 16 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 60 17 price price NOUN fbem-18639 60 18 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 60 19 to to PART fbem-18639 60 20 maximize maximize VERB fbem-18639 60 21 its its PRON fbem-18639 60 22 own own ADJ fbem-18639 60 23 revenue revenue NOUN fbem-18639 60 24 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 60 25 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 60 26 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 60 27 then then ADV fbem-18639 60 28 the the DET fbem-18639 60 29 data data PROPN fbem-18639 60 30 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 60 31 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 60 32 chooses choose VERB fbem-18639 60 33 the the DET fbem-18639 60 34 data data NOUN fbem-18639 60 35 product product NOUN fbem-18639 60 36 sales sale NOUN fbem-18639 60 37 price price NOUN fbem-18639 60 38 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 60 39 according accord VERB fbem-18639 60 40 to to ADP fbem-18639 60 41 the the DET fbem-18639 60 42 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 60 43 set set VERB fbem-18639 60 44 by by ADP fbem-18639 60 45 the the DET fbem-18639 60 46 data data NOUN fbem-18639 60 47 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 60 48 to to PART fbem-18639 60 49 maximize maximize VERB fbem-18639 60 50 its its PRON fbem-18639 60 51 revenue revenue NOUN fbem-18639 60 52 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 60 53 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 61 1 the the DET fbem-18639 61 2 model model NOUN fbem-18639 61 3 can can AUX fbem-18639 61 4 be be AUX fbem-18639 61 5 expressed express VERB fbem-18639 61 6 as as ADP fbem-18639 61 7 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 61 8 π‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯πœ‹ π‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯πœ‹ ADJ fbem-18639 61 9 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 61 10 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 61 11 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž NUM fbem-18639 61 12 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 61 13 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 61 14 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 61 15 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 61 16 14 14 NUM fbem-18639 61 17 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 61 18 𝑛 𝑛 DET fbem-18639 61 19 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 61 20 arg arg NOUN fbem-18639 61 21 max max NOUN fbem-18639 61 22 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 61 23 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 61 24 𝑄 𝑄 NOUN fbem-18639 61 25 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 61 26 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 61 27 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 61 28 𝑛 𝑛 NOUN fbem-18639 61 29 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 61 30 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 61 31 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 61 32 15 15 NUM fbem-18639 61 33 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 61 34 this this DET fbem-18639 61 35 stackelberg stackelberg PROPN fbem-18639 61 36 game game NOUN fbem-18639 61 37 model model NOUN fbem-18639 61 38 takes take VERB fbem-18639 61 39 the the DET fbem-18639 61 40 data data NOUN fbem-18639 61 41 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 61 42 as as ADP fbem-18639 61 43 the the DET fbem-18639 61 44 leader leader NOUN fbem-18639 61 45 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 61 46 the the DET fbem-18639 61 47 data data NOUN fbem-18639 61 48 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 61 49 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 61 50 as as ADP fbem-18639 61 51 the the DET fbem-18639 61 52 follower follower NOUN fbem-18639 61 53 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 61 54 reflecting reflect VERB fbem-18639 61 55 the the DET fbem-18639 61 56 important important ADJ fbem-18639 61 57 position position NOUN fbem-18639 61 58 of of ADP fbem-18639 61 59 the the DET fbem-18639 61 60 owner owner NOUN fbem-18639 61 61 of of ADP fbem-18639 61 62 the the DET fbem-18639 61 63 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 61 64 in in ADP fbem-18639 61 65 the the DET fbem-18639 61 66 data data NOUN fbem-18639 61 67 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 61 68 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 61 69 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 62 1 at at ADP fbem-18639 62 2 the the DET fbem-18639 62 3 same same ADJ fbem-18639 62 4 time time NOUN fbem-18639 62 5 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 62 6 the the DET fbem-18639 62 7 model model NOUN fbem-18639 62 8 correlates correlate VERB fbem-18639 62 9 the the DET fbem-18639 62 10 size size NOUN fbem-18639 62 11 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 62 12 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 62 13 of of ADP fbem-18639 62 14 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 62 15 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 62 16 with with ADP fbem-18639 62 17 the the DET fbem-18639 62 18 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 62 19 of of ADP fbem-18639 62 20 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 62 21 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 62 22 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 62 23 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 62 24 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 62 25 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 62 26 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 62 27 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 62 28 also also ADV fbem-18639 62 29 considers consider VERB fbem-18639 62 30 government government NOUN fbem-18639 62 31 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 62 32 to to ADP fbem-18639 62 33 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 62 34 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 62 35 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 62 36 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 62 37 reflecting reflect VERB fbem-18639 62 38 the the DET fbem-18639 62 39 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 62 40 of of ADP fbem-18639 62 41 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 62 42 characteristics characteristic NOUN fbem-18639 62 43 on on ADP fbem-18639 62 44 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 62 45 product product NOUN fbem-18639 62 46 design design NOUN fbem-18639 62 47 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 62 48 the the DET fbem-18639 62 49 government government NOUN fbem-18639 62 50 's 's PART fbem-18639 62 51 role role NOUN fbem-18639 62 52 in in ADP fbem-18639 62 53 promoting promote VERB fbem-18639 62 54 the the DET fbem-18639 62 55 data data NOUN fbem-18639 62 56 market market NOUN fbem-18639 62 57 in in ADP fbem-18639 62 58 real real ADJ fbem-18639 62 59 life life NOUN fbem-18639 62 60 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 63 1 the the DET fbem-18639 63 2 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 63 3 function function NOUN fbem-18639 63 4 of of ADP fbem-18639 63 5 the the DET fbem-18639 63 6 data data NOUN fbem-18639 63 7 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 63 8 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 63 9 is be AUX fbem-18639 63 10 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 63 11 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 63 12 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 63 13 𝑄 𝑄 NOUN fbem-18639 63 14 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 63 15 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 63 16 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 63 17 𝑛 𝑛 NOUN fbem-18639 63 18 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 63 19 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 63 20 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 63 21 16 16 NUM fbem-18639 63 22 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 63 23 taking take VERB fbem-18639 63 24 the the DET fbem-18639 63 25 second second ADJ fbem-18639 63 26 order order NOUN fbem-18639 63 27 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 63 28 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 63 29 of of ADP fbem-18639 63 30 πœ‹ πœ‹ PRON fbem-18639 63 31 for for ADP fbem-18639 63 32 the the DET fbem-18639 63 33 data data NOUN fbem-18639 63 34 product product NOUN fbem-18639 63 35 subscription subscription NOUN fbem-18639 63 36 price price NOUN fbem-18639 63 37 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 63 38 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 63 39 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 63 40 size size NOUN fbem-18639 63 41 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 63 42 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 63 43 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 63 44 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 63 45 yields yield NOUN fbem-18639 63 46 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 63 47 2πœƒ 2πœƒ NUM fbem-18639 63 48 0 0 NUM fbem-18639 63 49 ， ， NOUN fbem-18639 63 50 2π‘˜ 2π‘˜ NUM fbem-18639 63 51 0 0 NUM fbem-18639 63 52 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 63 53 17 17 NUM fbem-18639 63 54 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 63 55 73 73 NUM fbem-18639 63 56 it it PRON fbem-18639 63 57 can can AUX fbem-18639 63 58 be be AUX fbem-18639 63 59 seen see VERB fbem-18639 63 60 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 63 61 the the DET fbem-18639 63 62 second second ADJ fbem-18639 63 63 order order NOUN fbem-18639 63 64 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 63 65 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 63 66 of of ADP fbem-18639 63 67 both both DET fbem-18639 63 68 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 63 69 variables variable NOUN fbem-18639 63 70 are be AUX fbem-18639 63 71 less less ADJ fbem-18639 63 72 than than ADP fbem-18639 63 73 zero zero NUM fbem-18639 63 74 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 63 75 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 63 76 there there PRON fbem-18639 63 77 is be VERB fbem-18639 63 78 a a DET fbem-18639 63 79 unique unique ADJ fbem-18639 63 80 global global ADJ fbem-18639 63 81 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 63 82 solution solution NOUN fbem-18639 63 83 for for ADP fbem-18639 63 84 πœ‹ πœ‹ PRON fbem-18639 63 85 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 64 1 let let VERB fbem-18639 64 2 the the DET fbem-18639 64 3 first first ADJ fbem-18639 64 4 order order NOUN fbem-18639 64 5 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 64 6 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 64 7 be be AUX fbem-18639 64 8 zero zero NUM fbem-18639 64 9 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 64 10 it it PRON fbem-18639 64 11 can can AUX fbem-18639 64 12 be be AUX fbem-18639 64 13 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 64 14 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 64 15 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 64 16 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN fbem-18639 64 17 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 64 18 2π‘˜ 2π‘˜ NUM fbem-18639 64 19 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 64 20 ， ， ADJ fbem-18639 64 21 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 64 22 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN fbem-18639 64 23 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 64 24 18 18 NUM fbem-18639 64 25 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 64 26 bringing bring VERB fbem-18639 64 27 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 64 28 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 64 29 18 18 NUM fbem-18639 64 30 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 64 31 into into ADP fbem-18639 64 32 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 64 33 14 14 NUM fbem-18639 64 34 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 64 35 we we PRON fbem-18639 64 36 can can AUX fbem-18639 64 37 get get VERB fbem-18639 64 38 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 64 39 is be AUX fbem-18639 64 40 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 64 41 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 64 42 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 64 43 2π‘˜ 2π‘˜ NUM fbem-18639 64 44 𝑛 𝑛 PRON fbem-18639 64 45 𝑛 𝑛 ADJ fbem-18639 64 46 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 64 47 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 64 48 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 64 49 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 64 50 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 64 51 19 19 NUM fbem-18639 64 52 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 64 53 then then ADV fbem-18639 64 54 the the DET fbem-18639 64 55 second second ADJ fbem-18639 64 56 order order NOUN fbem-18639 64 57 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 64 58 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 64 59 of of ADP fbem-18639 64 60 πœ‹ πœ‹ PRON fbem-18639 64 61 for for ADP fbem-18639 64 62 the the DET fbem-18639 64 63 original original ADJ fbem-18639 64 64 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 64 65 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 64 66 π‘ž π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 64 67 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 64 68 the the DET fbem-18639 64 69 original original ADJ fbem-18639 64 70 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 64 71 size size NOUN fbem-18639 64 72 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 64 73 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 64 74 can can AUX fbem-18639 64 75 be be AUX fbem-18639 64 76 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 64 77 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 65 1 2𝛼𝑛 2𝛼𝑛 NOUN fbem-18639 65 2 0 0 NUM fbem-18639 65 3 ， ， PUNCT fbem-18639 65 4 4π‘˜ 4π‘˜ VERB fbem-18639 65 5 2π‘˜ 2π‘˜ NUM fbem-18639 65 6 0 0 NUM fbem-18639 66 1 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 66 2 20 20 NUM fbem-18639 66 3 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 66 4 it it PRON fbem-18639 66 5 can can AUX fbem-18639 66 6 be be AUX fbem-18639 66 7 seen see VERB fbem-18639 66 8 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 66 9 the the DET fbem-18639 66 10 second second ADJ fbem-18639 66 11 order order NOUN fbem-18639 66 12 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 66 13 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 66 14 of of ADP fbem-18639 66 15 both both DET fbem-18639 66 16 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 66 17 variables variable NOUN fbem-18639 66 18 are be AUX fbem-18639 66 19 less less ADJ fbem-18639 66 20 than than ADP fbem-18639 66 21 zero zero NUM fbem-18639 66 22 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 67 1 therefore therefore ADV fbem-18639 67 2 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 67 3 there there PRON fbem-18639 67 4 is be VERB fbem-18639 67 5 a a DET fbem-18639 67 6 unique unique ADJ fbem-18639 67 7 global global ADJ fbem-18639 67 8 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 67 9 solution solution NOUN fbem-18639 67 10 for for ADP fbem-18639 67 11 π‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯πœ‹ π‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 67 12 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 68 1 according accord VERB fbem-18639 68 2 to to ADP fbem-18639 68 3 the the DET fbem-18639 68 4 fact fact NOUN fbem-18639 68 5 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 68 6 the the DET fbem-18639 68 7 first first ADJ fbem-18639 68 8 order order NOUN fbem-18639 68 9 partial partial ADJ fbem-18639 68 10 derivatives derivative NOUN fbem-18639 68 11 are be AUX fbem-18639 68 12 equal equal ADJ fbem-18639 68 13 to to ADP fbem-18639 68 14 zero zero NUM fbem-18639 68 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 68 16 it it PRON fbem-18639 68 17 can can AUX fbem-18639 68 18 be be AUX fbem-18639 68 19 obtained obtain VERB fbem-18639 68 20 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 68 21 π‘ž π‘ž X fbem-18639 68 22 ， ， PROPN fbem-18639 68 23 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 68 24 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 68 25 21 21 NUM fbem-18639 68 26 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 68 27 therefore therefore ADV fbem-18639 68 28 the the DET fbem-18639 68 29 original original ADJ fbem-18639 68 30 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 68 31 price price NOUN fbem-18639 68 32 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 68 33 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN fbem-18639 68 34 is be AUX fbem-18639 68 35 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 68 36 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 68 37 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN fbem-18639 68 38 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 68 39 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 68 40 22 22 NUM fbem-18639 68 41 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 68 42 at at ADP fbem-18639 68 43 this this DET fbem-18639 68 44 point point NOUN fbem-18639 68 45 the the DET fbem-18639 68 46 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 68 47 function function NOUN fbem-18639 68 48 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 68 49 of of ADP fbem-18639 68 50 the the DET fbem-18639 68 51 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 68 52 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 68 53 is be AUX fbem-18639 68 54 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 69 1 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 69 2 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 69 3 𝑛 𝑛 PRON fbem-18639 69 4 π›Όπ‘ž π›Όπ‘ž NUM fbem-18639 69 5 𝑛 𝑛 PRON fbem-18639 69 6 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 69 7 2π‘˜ 2π‘˜ NUM fbem-18639 69 8 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 69 9 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 69 10 23 23 NUM fbem-18639 69 11 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 69 12 the the DET fbem-18639 69 13 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 69 14 function function NOUN fbem-18639 69 15 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 69 16 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 17 the the DET fbem-18639 69 18 data data NOUN fbem-18639 69 19 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 69 20 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 69 21 is be AUX fbem-18639 69 22 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 69 23 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN fbem-18639 69 24 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 69 25 𝑒 𝑒 NOUN fbem-18639 69 26 π‘Žπ‘ƒ π‘Žπ‘ƒ NOUN fbem-18639 69 27 πœƒπ‘ƒ πœƒπ‘ƒ NOUN fbem-18639 69 28 𝑃 𝑃 VERB fbem-18639 69 29 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 69 30 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 69 31 𝑛 𝑛 NOUN fbem-18639 69 32 π‘€π‘ž π‘€π‘ž ADP fbem-18639 69 33 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 69 34 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 69 35 24 24 NUM fbem-18639 69 36 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 69 37 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 69 38 4 4 NUM fbem-18639 69 39 the the DET fbem-18639 69 40 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 69 41 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 42 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 69 43 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 44 π‘ž π‘ž X fbem-18639 69 45 is be AUX fbem-18639 69 46 inversely inversely ADV fbem-18639 69 47 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 69 48 to to ADP fbem-18639 69 49 the the DET fbem-18639 69 50 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 69 51 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 52 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 53 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 54 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 69 55 𝛼 𝛼 NOUN fbem-18639 69 56 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 69 57 directly directly ADV fbem-18639 69 58 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 69 59 to to ADP fbem-18639 69 60 the the DET fbem-18639 69 61 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 69 62 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 63 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 64 government government NOUN fbem-18639 69 65 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 69 66 𝑀. 𝑀. NOUN fbem-18639 69 67 the the DET fbem-18639 69 68 size size NOUN fbem-18639 69 69 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 70 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 69 71 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 72 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN fbem-18639 69 73 is be AUX fbem-18639 69 74 inversely inversely ADV fbem-18639 69 75 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 69 76 to to ADP fbem-18639 69 77 the the DET fbem-18639 69 78 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 79 𝛼 𝛼 ADP fbem-18639 69 80 as as ADV fbem-18639 69 81 well well ADV fbem-18639 69 82 as as ADP fbem-18639 69 83 to to ADP fbem-18639 69 84 the the DET fbem-18639 69 85 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 69 86 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 87 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 88 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 69 89 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 69 90 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 69 91 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 69 92 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 69 93 directly directly ADV fbem-18639 69 94 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 69 95 to to ADP fbem-18639 69 96 the the DET fbem-18639 69 97 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 69 98 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 99 of of ADP fbem-18639 69 100 government government NOUN fbem-18639 69 101 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 69 102 𝑀. 𝑀. NOUN fbem-18639 69 103 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 69 104 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 69 105 from from ADP fbem-18639 69 106 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 69 107 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 69 108 21 21 NUM fbem-18639 69 109 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 69 110 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 69 111 it it PRON fbem-18639 69 112 can can AUX fbem-18639 69 113 be be AUX fbem-18639 69 114 seen see VERB fbem-18639 69 115 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 69 116 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 69 117 the the DET fbem-18639 69 118 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 119 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 69 120 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 69 121 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 69 122 the the DET fbem-18639 69 123 original original ADJ fbem-18639 69 124 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 125 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 69 126 π‘ž π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 69 127 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 69 128 the the DET fbem-18639 69 129 original original ADJ fbem-18639 69 130 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 131 size size NOUN fbem-18639 69 132 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 69 133 both both DET fbem-18639 69 134 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 69 135 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 69 136 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 69 137 the the DET fbem-18639 69 138 data data NOUN fbem-18639 69 139 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 69 140 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 69 141 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 142 𝛼 𝛼 PRON fbem-18639 69 143 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 69 144 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 69 145 the the DET fbem-18639 69 146 original original ADJ fbem-18639 69 147 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 148 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 69 149 π‘ž π‘ž NOUN fbem-18639 69 150 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 69 151 the the DET fbem-18639 69 152 original original ADJ fbem-18639 69 153 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 154 size size NOUN fbem-18639 69 155 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 69 156 both both DET fbem-18639 69 157 decrease decrease NOUN fbem-18639 69 158 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 69 159 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 69 160 the the DET fbem-18639 69 161 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 162 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 69 163 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 69 164 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 69 165 π‘˜ π‘˜ X fbem-18639 69 166 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 69 167 coefficient coefficient VERB fbem-18639 69 168 π‘˜ π‘˜ ADP fbem-18639 69 169 both both DET fbem-18639 69 170 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 69 171 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 69 172 the the DET fbem-18639 69 173 original original ADJ fbem-18639 69 174 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 69 175 size size NOUN fbem-18639 69 176 𝑛 𝑛 ADP fbem-18639 69 177 decreases decrease NOUN fbem-18639 69 178 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 70 1 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 70 2 5 5 NUM fbem-18639 70 3 both both CCONJ fbem-18639 70 4 the the DET fbem-18639 70 5 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 70 6 of of ADP fbem-18639 70 7 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 70 8 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 70 9 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 70 10 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 70 11 the the DET fbem-18639 70 12 price price NOUN fbem-18639 70 13 of of ADP fbem-18639 70 14 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 70 15 products product NOUN fbem-18639 70 16 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 70 17 are be AUX fbem-18639 70 18 positively positively ADV fbem-18639 70 19 affected affect VERB fbem-18639 70 20 by by ADP fbem-18639 70 21 network network NOUN fbem-18639 70 22 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 70 23 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 71 1 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 71 2 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 71 3 from from ADP fbem-18639 71 4 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 71 5 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 71 6 18 18 NUM fbem-18639 71 7 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 71 8 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 71 9 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 71 10 24 24 NUM fbem-18639 71 11 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 71 12 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 71 13 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 71 14 the the DET fbem-18639 71 15 network network NOUN fbem-18639 71 16 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 71 17 is be AUX fbem-18639 71 18 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 71 19 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 71 20 the the DET fbem-18639 71 21 maximal maximal ADJ fbem-18639 71 22 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 71 23 of of ADP fbem-18639 71 24 the the DET fbem-18639 71 25 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 71 26 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 71 27 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 71 28 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 71 29 the the DET fbem-18639 71 30 price price NOUN fbem-18639 71 31 of of ADP fbem-18639 71 32 the the DET fbem-18639 71 33 data data NOUN fbem-18639 71 34 product product NOUN fbem-18639 71 35 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 71 36 are be AUX fbem-18639 71 37 both both PRON fbem-18639 71 38 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 71 39 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 72 1 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 72 2 6 6 NUM fbem-18639 72 3 the the DET fbem-18639 72 4 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 72 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 72 6 the the DET fbem-18639 72 7 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 8 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 72 9 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 72 10 is be AUX fbem-18639 72 11 inversely inversely ADV fbem-18639 72 12 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 72 13 to to ADP fbem-18639 72 14 the the DET fbem-18639 72 15 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 16 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 72 17 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 72 18 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 72 19 𝛼 𝛼 NOUN fbem-18639 72 20 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 72 21 the the DET fbem-18639 72 22 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 23 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 72 24 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 72 25 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 72 26 π‘˜ π‘˜ ADP fbem-18639 72 27 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 72 28 π‘˜ π‘˜ NOUN fbem-18639 72 29 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 30 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 72 31 directly directly ADV fbem-18639 72 32 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 72 33 to to ADP fbem-18639 72 34 the the DET fbem-18639 72 35 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 72 36 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 72 37 of of ADP fbem-18639 72 38 government government NOUN fbem-18639 72 39 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 72 40 𝑀. 𝑀. NOUN fbem-18639 72 41 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 72 42 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 72 43 from from ADP fbem-18639 72 44 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 72 45 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 72 46 24 24 NUM fbem-18639 72 47 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 72 48 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 49 it it PRON fbem-18639 72 50 can can AUX fbem-18639 72 51 be be AUX fbem-18639 72 52 seen see VERB fbem-18639 72 53 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 72 54 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 72 55 the the DET fbem-18639 72 56 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 57 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 72 58 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 72 59 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 72 60 𝛼 𝛼 INTJ fbem-18639 72 61 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 62 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 72 63 the the DET fbem-18639 72 64 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 65 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 72 66 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 72 67 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 72 68 π‘˜ π‘˜ ADP fbem-18639 72 69 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 72 70 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 72 71 are be AUX fbem-18639 72 72 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 72 73 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 74 the the DET fbem-18639 72 75 maximum maximum ADJ fbem-18639 72 76 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 72 77 of of ADP fbem-18639 72 78 the the DET fbem-18639 72 79 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 80 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 72 81 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 72 82 will will AUX fbem-18639 72 83 be be AUX fbem-18639 72 84 decreased decrease VERB fbem-18639 72 85 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 86 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 72 87 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 72 88 the the DET fbem-18639 72 89 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 72 90 𝑀 𝑀 VERB fbem-18639 72 91 is be AUX fbem-18639 72 92 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 72 93 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 94 the the DET fbem-18639 72 95 maximum maximum ADJ fbem-18639 72 96 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 72 97 of of ADP fbem-18639 72 98 the the DET fbem-18639 72 99 data data NOUN fbem-18639 72 100 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 72 101 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 72 102 will will AUX fbem-18639 72 103 be be AUX fbem-18639 72 104 increased increase VERB fbem-18639 72 105 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 72 106 so so CCONJ fbem-18639 72 107 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 72 108 6 6 NUM fbem-18639 72 109 is be AUX fbem-18639 72 110 proved prove VERB fbem-18639 72 111 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 73 1 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 73 2 7 7 NUM fbem-18639 73 3 the the DET fbem-18639 73 4 effects effect NOUN fbem-18639 73 5 of of ADP fbem-18639 73 6 the the DET fbem-18639 73 7 incentive incentive NOUN fbem-18639 73 8 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 73 9 Ξ± Ξ± NOUN fbem-18639 73 10 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 73 11 the the DET fbem-18639 73 12 data data NOUN fbem-18639 73 13 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 73 14 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 73 15 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 73 16 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON fbem-18639 73 17 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 73 18 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN fbem-18639 73 19 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 73 20 the the DET fbem-18639 73 21 government government NOUN fbem-18639 73 22 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 73 23 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 73 24 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 73 25 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 73 26 on on ADP fbem-18639 73 27 the the DET fbem-18639 73 28 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 73 29 of of ADP fbem-18639 73 30 unit unit NOUN fbem-18639 73 31 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 73 32 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 73 33 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 73 34 are be AUX fbem-18639 73 35 as as SCONJ fbem-18639 73 36 follows follow VERB fbem-18639 73 37 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 74 1 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 74 2 1 1 X fbem-18639 74 3 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 74 4 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 74 5 the the DET fbem-18639 74 6 data data NOUN fbem-18639 74 7 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 74 8 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 74 9 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 74 10 Ξ± Ξ± NOUN fbem-18639 74 11 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 74 12 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 74 13 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 74 14 decreases decrease NOUN fbem-18639 74 15 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 74 16 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 74 17 2 2 X fbem-18639 74 18 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 74 19 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 74 20 decreases decrease NOUN fbem-18639 74 21 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 74 22 the the DET fbem-18639 74 23 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 74 24 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 74 25 cost cost NOUN fbem-18639 74 26 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 74 27 π‘˜ π‘˜ ADP fbem-18639 74 28 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 74 29 π‘˜ π‘˜ DET fbem-18639 74 30 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 74 31 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 74 32 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 74 33 3 3 X fbem-18639 74 34 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 74 35 the the DET fbem-18639 74 36 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 74 37 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 74 38 of of ADP fbem-18639 74 39 the the DET fbem-18639 74 40 government government NOUN fbem-18639 74 41 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 74 42 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 74 43 paid pay VERB fbem-18639 74 44 by by ADP fbem-18639 74 45 users user NOUN fbem-18639 74 46 to to ADP fbem-18639 74 47 the the DET fbem-18639 74 48 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 74 49 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 74 50 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 74 51 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 74 52 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 74 53 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 74 54 𝑃 𝑃 NOUN fbem-18639 74 55 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 74 56 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 75 1 proof proof NOUN fbem-18639 75 2 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 75 3 from from ADP fbem-18639 75 4 equation equation NOUN fbem-18639 75 5 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 75 6 22 22 NUM fbem-18639 75 7 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 75 8 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 75 9 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 75 10 the the DET fbem-18639 75 11 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 75 12 𝛼 𝛼 X fbem-18639 75 13 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 75 14 the the DET fbem-18639 75 15 coefficients coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 75 16 π‘˜ π‘˜ VERB fbem-18639 75 17 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 75 18 π‘˜ π‘˜ DET fbem-18639 75 19 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 75 20 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 75 21 the the DET fbem-18639 75 22 original original ADJ fbem-18639 75 23 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 75 24 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 75 25 will will AUX fbem-18639 75 26 decrease decrease VERB fbem-18639 75 27 ; ; PUNCT fbem-18639 75 28 when when SCONJ fbem-18639 75 29 the the DET fbem-18639 75 30 government government NOUN fbem-18639 75 31 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 75 32 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 75 33 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 75 34 𝑀 𝑀 ADP fbem-18639 75 35 increases increase NOUN fbem-18639 75 36 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 75 37 the the DET fbem-18639 75 38 original original ADJ fbem-18639 75 39 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 75 40 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 75 41 will will AUX fbem-18639 75 42 increase increase VERB fbem-18639 75 43 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 75 44 so so CCONJ fbem-18639 75 45 proposition proposition NOUN fbem-18639 75 46 7 7 NUM fbem-18639 75 47 is be AUX fbem-18639 75 48 proved prove VERB fbem-18639 75 49 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 76 1 4 4 X fbem-18639 76 2 . . X fbem-18639 76 3 conclusion conclusion NOUN fbem-18639 76 4 in in ADP fbem-18639 76 5 this this DET fbem-18639 76 6 paper paper NOUN fbem-18639 76 7 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 8 in in ADP fbem-18639 76 9 the the DET fbem-18639 76 10 data data NOUN fbem-18639 76 11 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 76 12 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 76 13 with with ADP fbem-18639 76 14 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 15 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 76 16 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 76 17 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 18 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 76 19 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 76 20 as as ADP fbem-18639 76 21 the the DET fbem-18639 76 22 main main ADJ fbem-18639 76 23 body body NOUN fbem-18639 76 24 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 25 parameters parameter NOUN fbem-18639 76 26 such such ADJ fbem-18639 76 27 as as ADP fbem-18639 76 28 network network NOUN fbem-18639 76 29 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 76 30 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 31 government government NOUN fbem-18639 76 32 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 76 33 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 34 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 35 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 76 36 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 37 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 38 scale scale NOUN fbem-18639 76 39 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 40 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 41 acquisition acquisition NOUN fbem-18639 76 42 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 76 43 processing processing NOUN fbem-18639 76 44 costs cost NOUN fbem-18639 76 45 are be AUX fbem-18639 76 46 introduced introduce VERB fbem-18639 76 47 to to PART fbem-18639 76 48 analyze analyze VERB fbem-18639 76 49 the the DET fbem-18639 76 50 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 76 51 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 76 52 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 76 53 making making NOUN fbem-18639 76 54 of of ADP fbem-18639 76 55 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 56 providers provider NOUN fbem-18639 76 57 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 76 58 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 59 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 76 60 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 76 61 in in ADP fbem-18639 76 62 the the DET fbem-18639 76 63 data data NOUN fbem-18639 76 64 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 76 65 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 76 66 under under ADP fbem-18639 76 67 two two NUM fbem-18639 76 68 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 76 69 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 76 70 making make VERB fbem-18639 76 71 modes mode NOUN fbem-18639 76 72 respectively respectively ADV fbem-18639 76 73 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 74 we we PRON fbem-18639 76 75 compare compare VERB fbem-18639 76 76 the the DET fbem-18639 76 77 two two NUM fbem-18639 76 78 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 76 79 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 76 80 making make VERB fbem-18639 76 81 models model NOUN fbem-18639 76 82 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 76 83 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 76 84 discuss discuss VERB fbem-18639 76 85 the the DET fbem-18639 76 86 impacts impact NOUN fbem-18639 76 87 of of ADP fbem-18639 76 88 network network NOUN fbem-18639 76 89 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 76 90 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 76 91 the the DET fbem-18639 76 92 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 76 93 given give VERB fbem-18639 76 94 to to ADP fbem-18639 76 95 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 76 96 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 76 97 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 76 98 by by ADP fbem-18639 76 99 the the DET fbem-18639 76 100 government government NOUN fbem-18639 76 101 on on ADP fbem-18639 76 102 the the DET fbem-18639 76 103 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 76 104 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 76 105 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 77 1 the the DET fbem-18639 77 2 impact impact NOUN fbem-18639 77 3 of of ADP fbem-18639 77 4 network network NOUN fbem-18639 77 5 externalities externality NOUN fbem-18639 77 6 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 77 7 government government NOUN fbem-18639 77 8 subsidies subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 77 9 given give VERB fbem-18639 77 10 to to ADP fbem-18639 77 11 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 77 12 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 77 13 platforms platform NOUN fbem-18639 77 14 on on ADP fbem-18639 77 15 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 77 16 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 77 17 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 77 18 is be AUX fbem-18639 77 19 discussed discuss VERB fbem-18639 77 20 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 78 1 the the DET fbem-18639 78 2 study study NOUN fbem-18639 78 3 finds find VERB fbem-18639 78 4 that that SCONJ fbem-18639 78 5 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 78 6 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 78 7 1 1 X fbem-18639 78 8 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 78 9 the the DET fbem-18639 78 10 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 78 11 product product NOUN fbem-18639 78 12 prices price NOUN fbem-18639 78 13 under under ADP fbem-18639 78 14 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 78 15 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 78 16 decentralized decentralize VERB fbem-18639 78 17 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 78 18 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 78 19 making making NOUN fbem-18639 78 20 are be AUX fbem-18639 78 21 the the DET fbem-18639 78 22 same same ADJ fbem-18639 78 23 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 78 24 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 78 25 the the DET fbem-18639 78 26 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 78 27 of of ADP fbem-18639 78 28 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 78 29 trading trading NOUN fbem-18639 78 30 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 78 31 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 78 32 the the DET fbem-18639 78 33 total total ADJ fbem-18639 78 34 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 78 35 of of ADP fbem-18639 78 36 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 78 37 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 78 38 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 78 39 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 78 40 the the DET fbem-18639 78 41 price price NOUN fbem-18639 78 42 of of ADP fbem-18639 78 43 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 78 44 products product NOUN fbem-18639 78 45 are be AUX fbem-18639 78 46 positively positively ADV fbem-18639 78 47 affected affect VERB fbem-18639 78 48 by by ADP fbem-18639 78 49 network network NOUN fbem-18639 78 50 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 78 51 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 78 52 while while SCONJ fbem-18639 78 53 the the DET fbem-18639 78 54 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 78 55 of of ADP fbem-18639 78 56 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 78 57 provider provider NOUN fbem-18639 78 58 under under ADP fbem-18639 78 59 decentralized decentralize VERB fbem-18639 78 60 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 78 61 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 78 62 making making NOUN fbem-18639 78 63 remains remain VERB fbem-18639 78 64 unchanged unchanged ADJ fbem-18639 78 65 with with ADP fbem-18639 78 66 the the DET fbem-18639 78 67 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 78 68 of of ADP fbem-18639 78 69 network network NOUN fbem-18639 78 70 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 78 71 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 79 1 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 79 2 2 2 X fbem-18639 79 3 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 79 4 the the DET fbem-18639 79 5 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 79 6 of of ADP fbem-18639 79 7 raw raw ADJ fbem-18639 79 8 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 79 9 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 79 10 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 79 11 size size NOUN fbem-18639 79 12 under under ADP fbem-18639 79 13 both both DET fbem-18639 79 14 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 79 15 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 79 16 making make VERB fbem-18639 79 17 modes mode NOUN fbem-18639 79 18 are be AUX fbem-18639 79 19 proportional proportional ADJ fbem-18639 79 20 to to ADP fbem-18639 79 21 the the DET fbem-18639 79 22 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 79 23 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 79 24 of of ADP fbem-18639 79 25 government government NOUN fbem-18639 79 26 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 79 27 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 79 28 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 79 29 the the DET fbem-18639 79 30 trend trend NOUN fbem-18639 79 31 of of ADP fbem-18639 79 32 government government NOUN fbem-18639 79 33 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 79 34 is be AUX fbem-18639 79 35 more more ADV fbem-18639 79 36 obvious obvious ADJ fbem-18639 79 37 under under ADP fbem-18639 79 38 decentralized decentralized ADJ fbem-18639 79 39 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 79 40 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 79 41 making making NOUN fbem-18639 79 42 compared compare VERB fbem-18639 79 43 with with ADP fbem-18639 79 44 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 79 45 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 79 46 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 79 47 making making NOUN fbem-18639 79 48 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 80 1 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 80 2 3 3 X fbem-18639 80 3 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 80 4 with with ADP fbem-18639 80 5 the the DET fbem-18639 80 6 increase increase NOUN fbem-18639 80 7 of of ADP fbem-18639 80 8 network network NOUN fbem-18639 80 9 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 80 10 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 80 11 government government NOUN fbem-18639 80 12 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 80 13 elasticity elasticity NOUN fbem-18639 80 14 coefficient coefficient NOUN fbem-18639 80 15 in in ADP fbem-18639 80 16 both both CCONJ fbem-18639 80 17 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 80 18 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 80 19 decentralized decentralized ADJ fbem-18639 80 20 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 80 21 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 80 22 making making NOUN fbem-18639 80 23 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 80 24 the the DET fbem-18639 80 25 total total ADJ fbem-18639 80 26 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 80 27 of of ADP fbem-18639 80 28 the the DET fbem-18639 80 29 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 80 30 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 80 31 shows show VERB fbem-18639 80 32 a a DET fbem-18639 80 33 rising rise VERB fbem-18639 80 34 trend trend NOUN fbem-18639 80 35 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 80 36 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 80 37 the the DET fbem-18639 80 38 overall overall ADJ fbem-18639 80 39 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 80 40 of of ADP fbem-18639 80 41 the the DET fbem-18639 80 42 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 80 43 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 80 44 under under ADP fbem-18639 80 45 centralized centralized ADJ fbem-18639 80 46 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 80 47 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 80 48 making making NOUN fbem-18639 80 49 is be AUX fbem-18639 80 50 larger large ADJ fbem-18639 80 51 than than ADP fbem-18639 80 52 that that PRON fbem-18639 80 53 under under ADP fbem-18639 80 54 decentralized decentralize VERB fbem-18639 80 55 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 80 56 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 80 57 making making NOUN fbem-18639 80 58 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 81 1 acknowledgment acknowledgment NOUN fbem-18639 81 2 this this DET fbem-18639 81 3 work work NOUN fbem-18639 81 4 is be AUX fbem-18639 81 5 supported support VERB fbem-18639 81 6 by by ADP fbem-18639 81 7 the the DET fbem-18639 81 8 chongqing chongqing ADJ fbem-18639 81 9 social social ADJ fbem-18639 81 10 science science NOUN fbem-18639 81 11 planning planning NOUN fbem-18639 81 12 project project NOUN fbem-18639 81 13 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 81 14 2022zdzk30 2022zdzk30 NUM fbem-18639 81 15 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 81 16 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 81 17 the the DET fbem-18639 81 18 chongqing chongqe VERB fbem-18639 81 19 74 74 NUM fbem-18639 81 20 technology technology NOUN fbem-18639 81 21 innovation innovation NOUN fbem-18639 81 22 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 81 23 application application NOUN fbem-18639 81 24 development development NOUN fbem-18639 81 25 project project NOUN fbem-18639 81 26 ( ( PUNCT fbem-18639 81 27 cstb2022tiad cstb2022tiad NOUN fbem-18639 81 28 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 81 29 gpx0015 gpx0015 NOUN fbem-18639 81 30 ) ) PUNCT fbem-18639 81 31 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 82 1 references reference NOUN fbem-18639 82 2 [ [ X fbem-18639 82 3 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 82 4 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 82 5 chen chen PROPN fbem-18639 82 6 j j PROPN fbem-18639 82 7 x x PROPN fbem-18639 82 8 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 82 9 chen chen PROPN fbem-18639 82 10 j. j. PROPN fbem-18639 82 11 supply supply PROPN fbem-18639 82 12 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 82 13 profit profit NOUN fbem-18639 82 14 game game NOUN fbem-18639 82 15 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 82 16 equilibrium equilibrium NOUN fbem-18639 82 17 pricing[j pricing[j NOUN fbem-18639 82 18 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 82 19 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 83 1 chinese chinese ADJ fbem-18639 83 2 journal journal PROPN fbem-18639 83 3 of of ADP fbem-18639 83 4 management management NOUN fbem-18639 83 5 science science NOUN fbem-18639 83 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 83 7 2022 2022 NUM fbem-18639 83 8 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 83 9 30(9 30(9 NUM fbem-18639 83 10 ): ): PUNCT fbem-18639 83 11 128 128 NUM fbem-18639 83 12 - - SYM fbem-18639 83 13 139 139 NUM fbem-18639 83 14 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 84 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 84 2 2 2 NUM fbem-18639 84 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 84 4 barman barman NOUN fbem-18639 84 5 a a X fbem-18639 84 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 84 7 de de PROPN fbem-18639 84 8 p p PROPN fbem-18639 84 9 k k PROPN fbem-18639 84 10 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 84 11 chakraborty chakraborty PROPN fbem-18639 84 12 a a DET fbem-18639 84 13 k k NOUN fbem-18639 84 14 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 84 15 et et PROPN fbem-18639 84 16 al al PROPN fbem-18639 84 17 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 85 1 optimal optimal ADJ fbem-18639 85 2 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 85 3 policy policy NOUN fbem-18639 85 4 in in ADP fbem-18639 85 5 a a DET fbem-18639 85 6 three three NUM fbem-18639 85 7 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 85 8 layer layer NOUN fbem-18639 85 9 dual dual ADJ fbem-18639 85 10 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 85 11 channel channel NOUN fbem-18639 85 12 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 85 13 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 85 14 under under ADP fbem-18639 85 15 government government NOUN fbem-18639 85 16 subsidy subsidy NOUN fbem-18639 85 17 in in ADP fbem-18639 85 18 green green PROPN fbem-18639 85 19 manufacturing[j manufacturing[j PROPN fbem-18639 85 20 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 85 21 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 86 1 mathematics mathematic NOUN fbem-18639 86 2 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 86 3 computers computer NOUN fbem-18639 86 4 in in ADP fbem-18639 86 5 simulation simulation NOUN fbem-18639 86 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 86 7 2023 2023 NUM fbem-18639 86 8 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 86 9 204 204 NUM fbem-18639 86 10 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 86 11 401 401 NUM fbem-18639 86 12 - - SYM fbem-18639 86 13 429 429 NUM fbem-18639 86 14 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 87 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 87 2 3 3 X fbem-18639 87 3 ] ] X fbem-18639 87 4 batini batini PROPN fbem-18639 87 5 c c PROPN fbem-18639 87 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 87 7 scannapieco scannapieco PROPN fbem-18639 87 8 m. m. NOUN fbem-18639 87 9 data data PROPN fbem-18639 87 10 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 87 11 information information NOUN fbem-18639 87 12 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 87 13 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 87 14 dimensions dimension NOUN fbem-18639 87 15 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 87 16 principles principle NOUN fbem-18639 87 17 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 87 18 techniques[m techniques[m NOUN fbem-18639 87 19 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 87 20 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 88 1 springer springer PROPN fbem-18639 88 2 international international ADJ fbem-18639 88 3 publishing publishing NOUN fbem-18639 88 4 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 88 5 2018 2018 NUM fbem-18639 88 6 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 89 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 89 2 4 4 X fbem-18639 89 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 89 4 taleb taleb PROPN fbem-18639 89 5 i i PROPN fbem-18639 89 6 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 89 7 serhani serhani PROPN fbem-18639 89 8 m m PROPN fbem-18639 89 9 a a PRON fbem-18639 89 10 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 89 11 bouhaddioui bouhaddioui ADJ fbem-18639 89 12 c c X fbem-18639 89 13 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 89 14 et et PROPN fbem-18639 89 15 al al PROPN fbem-18639 89 16 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 89 17 big big ADJ fbem-18639 89 18 data data PROPN fbem-18639 89 19 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 89 20 framework framework NOUN fbem-18639 89 21 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 89 22 a a DET fbem-18639 89 23 holistic holistic ADJ fbem-18639 89 24 approach approach NOUN fbem-18639 89 25 to to ADP fbem-18639 89 26 continuous continuous ADJ fbem-18639 89 27 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 89 28 management[j management[j NOUN fbem-18639 89 29 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 89 30 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 90 1 journal journal PROPN fbem-18639 90 2 of of ADP fbem-18639 90 3 big big ADJ fbem-18639 90 4 data datum NOUN fbem-18639 90 5 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 90 6 2021 2021 NUM fbem-18639 90 7 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 90 8 8(1 8(1 NOUN fbem-18639 90 9 ): ): PUNCT fbem-18639 90 10 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 90 11 - - SYM fbem-18639 90 12 41 41 NUM fbem-18639 90 13 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 91 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 91 2 5 5 X fbem-18639 91 3 ] ] X fbem-18639 91 4 li li PROPN fbem-18639 91 5 q q PROPN fbem-18639 91 6 x x PROPN fbem-18639 91 7 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 91 8 zhang zhang PROPN fbem-18639 91 9 j j PROPN fbem-18639 91 10 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 91 11 huang huang PROPN fbem-18639 91 12 y y PROPN fbem-18639 91 13 m m PROPN fbem-18639 91 14 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 91 15 qi qi PROPN fbem-18639 91 16 e e PROPN fbem-18639 91 17 s. s. PROPN fbem-18639 91 18 research research VERB fbem-18639 91 19 on on ADP fbem-18639 91 20 the the DET fbem-18639 91 21 marketing marketing NOUN fbem-18639 91 22 strategy strategy NOUN fbem-18639 91 23 of of ADP fbem-18639 91 24 community community NOUN fbem-18639 91 25 group group NOUN fbem-18639 91 26 buying buy VERB fbem-18639 91 27 supply supply NOUN fbem-18639 91 28 chain chain NOUN fbem-18639 91 29 based base VERB fbem-18639 91 30 on on ADP fbem-18639 91 31 network network PROPN fbem-18639 91 32 externality[j externality[j PROPN fbem-18639 91 33 / / SYM fbem-18639 91 34 ol ol PROPN fbem-18639 91 35 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 91 36 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 92 1 chinese chinese ADJ fbem-18639 92 2 journal journal PROPN fbem-18639 92 3 of of ADP fbem-18639 92 4 management management PROPN fbem-18639 92 5 science:1 science:1 PROPN fbem-18639 92 6 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 92 7 12[2022 12[2022 NUM fbem-18639 92 8 - - PUNCT fbem-18639 92 9 10 10 NUM fbem-18639 92 10 - - NUM fbem-18639 92 11 04 04 NUM fbem-18639 92 12 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 92 13 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 93 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 93 2 6 6 NUM fbem-18639 93 3 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 93 4 tang tang NOUN fbem-18639 93 5 f f PROPN fbem-18639 93 6 c c PROPN fbem-18639 93 7 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 93 8 guo guo PROPN fbem-18639 93 9 h. h. PROPN fbem-18639 93 10 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 93 11 strategy strategy NOUN fbem-18639 93 12 of of ADP fbem-18639 93 13 platform platform NOUN fbem-18639 93 14 competition competition NOUN fbem-18639 93 15 considering consider VERB fbem-18639 93 16 crossnetwork crossnetwork NOUN fbem-18639 93 17 externality externality NOUN fbem-18639 94 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 94 2 j j X fbem-18639 94 3 / / SYM fbem-18639 94 4 ol ol PROPN fbem-18639 94 5 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 94 6 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 95 1 chinese chinese ADJ fbem-18639 95 2 journal journal PROPN fbem-18639 95 3 of of ADP fbem-18639 95 4 management management NOUN fbem-18639 95 5 science science NOUN fbem-18639 95 6 : : PUNCT fbem-18639 95 7 1 1 NUM fbem-18639 95 8 - - SYM fbem-18639 95 9 20 20 NUM fbem-18639 96 1 [ [ NOUN fbem-18639 96 2 2022 2022 NUM fbem-18639 96 3 - - SYM fbem-18639 96 4 10 10 NUM fbem-18639 96 5 - - NUM fbem-18639 96 6 18 18 NUM fbem-18639 96 7 ] ] PUNCT fbem-18639 96 8 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 97 1 [ [ X fbem-18639 97 2 7 7 X fbem-18639 97 3 ] ] X fbem-18639 97 4 zhu zhu PROPN fbem-18639 97 5 b b SYM fbem-18639 97 6 x x PROPN fbem-18639 97 7 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 97 8 ma ma PROPN fbem-18639 97 9 z z PROPN fbem-18639 97 10 q q PROPN fbem-18639 97 11 , , PUNCT fbem-18639 97 12 leon leon PROPN fbem-18639 97 13 williams williams PROPN fbem-18639 97 14 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 98 1 research research NOUN fbem-18639 98 2 on on ADP fbem-18639 98 3 pricing pricing NOUN fbem-18639 98 4 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 98 5 quality quality NOUN fbem-18639 98 6 decision decision NOUN fbem-18639 98 7 of of ADP fbem-18639 98 8 information information NOUN fbem-18639 98 9 goods good NOUN fbem-18639 98 10 based base VERB fbem-18639 98 11 on on ADP fbem-18639 98 12 free free ADJ fbem-18639 98 13 strategy strategy NOUN fbem-18639 98 14 under under ADP fbem-18639 98 15 piracy piracy NOUN fbem-18639 98 16 and and CCONJ fbem-18639 98 17 network network NOUN fbem-18639 98 18 externalities[j externalities[j PROPN fbem-18639 98 19 ] ] PROPN fbem-18639 98 20 . . PUNCT fbem-18639 99 1 management management NOUN fbem-18639 99 2 review,2021,33(9):143 review,2021,33(9):143 NOUN fbem-18639 99 3 - - SYM fbem-18639 99 4 154 154 NUM fbem-18639 99 5 . . PUNCT