Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management ISSN: 2766-824X | Vol. 13, No. 2, 2024 137 Research on the Construction of Rural Population Stock in Wenzhou from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Siyi Wang1, Tongya Lin1, Lijuan Lou2, Huihui Wan2, Hanbing Jia2 1School of Design, Wenzhou Polytechnic, 325000, China 2School of Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou Polytechnic, 325000, China Abstract: This study takes the rural population of Wenzhou City as the research object, combined with the national strategy of rural revitalization, unifies the improvement of Wenzhou's rural population stock construction with the national development goals, and supports the construction and development of Wenzhou's rural population quality improvement. Through comprehensive analysis of the current situation and changes in the construction of rural population stock in Wenzhou, and through sorting and analyzing relevant Wenzhou population census data, conduct on-site research in Wenzhou villages, and conduct detailed research on the construction of rural population stock. On the basis of research, combined with the current stage of rural population stock construction in Wenzhou, this paper analyzes the many problems in the quality of rural population in Wenzhou, analyzes their root causes, and proposes a path to enhance the construction of rural population stock in Wenzhou through rural revitalization strategy. Keywords: Population mobility, Positive impact, Negative impact, Population return. 1. Introduction According to the "Urbanization Plan (2014-2020)" released by the country, by 2020, about 100 million farmers will settle in cities, and the urbanization rate of permanent residents will increase to 60%. Compared with rapidly developing urban areas, most rural areas are still in a state of stagnation or even regression, and the impact of rural hollowing out on Wenzhou's economic development is very serious. With the reform of the registered residence system, more and more rural people in towns and counties are migrating to cities. After years of hard work, they found their own home in the city, moved their household registration to the city, and their connection with the countryside was also cut off. A large number of high-quality talents are flowing out of rural areas, which means that there is a serious shortage of human resources in areas where rural talents are flowing out. When advanced agricultural science and technology are popularized in rural areas, there will be a shortage of talents who can master these technologies, and high-tech cannot be popularized in rural areas. The greater the population mobility, the more likely rural development is to stagnate. In the new stage of development, various regions actively introduce talents to rural areas to implement the rural revitalization strategy. Talents, as the primary resource for innovative development, are the key to the rural revitalization strategy. How to solve the problem of rural talent return is an urgent task for various regions to implement the rural revitalization strategy. This article takes Wenzhou City as an example to collect and analyze relevant data in detail, and describes the impact of rural population quality from multiple perspectives. 2. Current Situation of Rural Population Mobility in Wenzhou 2.1. Vertical comparison of population between the sixth and seventh general education In the sixth population census of Wenzhou City, the rural population "residing in this township with household registration in this township" accounted for 69.86%. The rural population "residing in this township with household registration in another township and leaving the registered place for more than half a year" accounted for 26.49%. The rural population living in their hometown with pending household registration accounts for 1.69%. The rural population, who originally lived in their hometown but now work and study in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or abroad, accounts for 1.96%. In the seventh population census of Wenzhou City, 71.67% of the rural population lived and registered in their hometown. 25.88% of the rural population live in their own township, have their household registration in another township, and have been away from their registered residence for more than six months. The rural population living in their hometown with pending household registration accounts for 0.38%. The rural population, who originally lived in their hometown but now work and study in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or abroad, accounts for 2.07%. The rural population living in this township with household registration is 2.1658 million in the sixth general education, while in the seventh general education, the rural population living in this township with household registration is only 170900. There is no significant change in the proportion of rural population in Wenzhou City, but the rural household registration in Wenzhou City has sharply decreased over the past decade, from the original 3.1 million rural population to now only 238400 rural population, resulting in severe 138 population loss. 2.2. Horizontal comparison of seventh population census of people In the seventh population census of Wenzhou City, 36.64% of the population lived in this street and had their household registration in this street; 62.31% of the population live in this street, have their household registration in another street, and have been away from their registered residence for more than six months; The population living in this street with pending household registration accounts for 0.40%; The former residents of this street now work and study in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or abroad, accounting for 0.65% of the population. 56.23% of the population live in this town and have their household registration in this town; 42.77% of the population reside in their own town, have their household registration in another town, and have been away from their registered residence for more than six months; The population living in this town with pending household registration accounts for 0.40%; I used to live in this town, but now I work and study in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or abroad, which accounts for 0.60% of the population. 71.67% of the population live in their hometown and have their household registration in their hometown; 25.88% of the population live in their hometown, have their household registration in another township, and have been away from their registered residence for more than six months; The population living in their hometown with pending household registration accounts for 0.83%; The proportion of the population, who originally lived in their hometown and now work and study in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or abroad, is 2.07%. It is known that 62.31% of the population in urban areas comes from outside. There is a great gap between the rural registered residence population and the actual permanent population, and the distribution is extremely unreasonable in terms of age structure and quantity. Most of the population in cities flows in from townships and towns. Among the rural population, the proportion of migrant population is only 25.88%. The low population inflow has led to a hollowing out of rural areas. 3. The Impact of Wenzhou Population Mobility on Wenzhou 3.1. Promoted the improvement of rural population quality and promoted the change of rural concepts Farmers who work and live in other places are exposed to many advanced ideological concepts and consciousness, reflecting on their true nature, production conditions, and way of life. These people have not only solved their own employment problems, but also brought huge economic benefits to the local area; It not only enriches oneself, but also drives the surrounding people to become prosperous and strive for a moderately prosperous society, achieving coordinated development between urban and rural areas. Farmers have continuously improved their own quality, enhanced their survival ability, and changed their means of livelihood. All of this is closely related to their education level and cultural quality before going out to work. Therefore, in order to change the backwardness of rural areas and improve the cultural literacy of farmers, it is necessary to provide formal and formal school education and vocational technical training for farmers. This is also one of the most effective ways to strengthen the ideological and moral construction of farmers. The concept of farmers has changed, and their ideological concepts are very different from those of villages and even rural families across the country, which is of great significance for the development of agriculture and rural areas in China. 3.2. Promoted the rapid development of consumer markets in urban and rural areas The most important thing is that rural populations come to cities for economic activities, bringing richer goods to urban people. The large increase in floating population has led to different jobs such as buying, selling, and transportation in cities, which not only promotes market economy but also promotes urban-rural circulation. The second is that the transfer of rural labor to non-agricultural industries has driven the expansion of agricultural production scale and the increase of farmers' income. A large number of surplus labor force go out to work and do business, which not only alleviates the pressure of urban employment, but also increases the income level of farmers. At the same time, population mobility has also played a good role in promoting urban-rural exchanges. This is not only conducive to urbanization construction, but also narrows the urban-rural gap, drives the rapid development of surrounding areas, and promotes the urbanization process of the surrounding areas of the city. 3.3. Elite loss: The development of township enterprises is sluggish 3.3.1. There is a shortage of labor resources With the development of the economy and society, superior economic income and abundant urban job opportunities have attracted a group of high-quality rural laborers. In contrast, the development of township enterprises in recent years has not been good enough, and employee salaries are also not optimistic. Some companies have gone bankrupt in fierce competition, while others are facing the dilemma of layoffs. In this context, more and more farmers are choosing to work for a living. They mostly make a living by working and make certain contributions to society. So, a large number of elite labor began to migrate to big cities, seeking a path of development. 3.3.2. Township enterprises are facing industrial transformation The loss of male labor force and the trend of feminization in agriculture have made rural enterprises feel sad, and some enterprises have begun to explore solutions to this problem. So, after analysis, they chose to abandon the previous agricultural industry model and transform the original enterprise into a clothing processing industry model. The industrial transformation of township enterprises has solved the problem of difficult employment for enterprises, improved their ability to attract surplus agricultural labor, and reduced their investment costs. On the other hand, it provides job opportunities for rural women who stay at home and increases family income. Considering the family situation of left behind women, the company is willing to provide them with raw materials to bring their work home, and determine 139 their salary based on their monthly workload. In this way, left behind women can also balance the daily life and labor intensity of the elderly and children. 3.4. Rural farmland is idle The loss of rural labor also leads to the idle use of rural farmland. According to relevant data, two-thirds of arable land in the country is not fully utilized, and 1/4 of farmers work or do business in cities. Farmland is one of the most important land resources in China and the foundation for developing rural productivity. There are four main reasons for idle farmland. when the labor force goes out and only the elderly, wife, and children are left at home, some idle land can be used to grow the food that families usually consume, reducing household expenses; Secondly, some people stay in their hometown to farm for convenience, while others simply give up farming to work and earn money, which leads to many people farming at home. Another important reason is that the rural economy has a single structure and low agricultural production efficiency. Migrant workers who plant trees or vegetables at home not only solve their own food problems, but also add new income to the family. At the same time, they also make up for the lack of a dedicated old treasury for the elderly in rural areas. After idle farmland is transformed into residential land, farmers will have more time and energy to manage their houses. Many migrant workers choose to live on land only after getting married and starting a business - which is also a considerable income, but they are not willing to sell idle farmland. They believe that the process and procedures for transferring all idle farmland to others are very complex, and they do not have time to consider them on site. The phenomenon of idle farmland has brought adverse effects on rural development and is not conducive to the development of rural productivity. 3.5. The elite labor force is lacking The loss of elite rural labor is not conducive to the comprehensive development of rural areas. 3.5.1. The loss of rural elites poses three problems for rural township enterprises. The shortage of labor resources has forced township enterprises to lack backbone; Next is the transformation of township enterprises from agriculture to the clothing and clothing processing industry; The third is the termination or transfer of township enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises with weaker economies cannot continue to support the option of disintegration, while financially strong enterprises choose to relocate and develop. In this situation, farmers have lost the foundation on which they rely for survival and development, and rural areas have become hollow, leading to changes in the social structure of rural areas. At the same time, the influx of a large number of surplus labor into cities has made the urban-rural dual structure in China more prominent. On the one hand, the rural education faculty is weak, and there are potential problems with the replacement of new and old teachers. There are also frequent occurrences of teachers going out for further education and job transfers. 3.5.2. Due to the large population and limited per capita arable land in our country, population flows towards cities and towns. On the one hand, a large number of farmers have migrated to cities for work and business, forming a group of migrant workers; On the other hand, a large number of young and middle-aged laborers go out to work and earn money. On the other hand, the construction of rural infrastructure is not yet perfect, and the hard facilities of schools still need to be improved. 4. Conclusion 4.1. Intensify talent cultivation efforts based on human core elements To solve the problem of rural hollowing out, we need to pay more attention to introducing high-end talents and reserving more local talents, that is, strengthen the training of local talents, target more local talents, and effectively achieve rural revitalization. In this process, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points: first, establish a sound talent training mechanism; Secondly, it is necessary to build a reasonable talent cultivation system. Among them, the most important thing is to strengthen farmer education and improve the comprehensive quality of farmers. Every year, relevant experts are regularly invited to rural areas to impart management experience, production technology, and other related knowledge. Through remote education, lectures, and other forms, farmers have more opportunities to learn production skills, accelerate the cultivation of professional and technical talents that meet the development needs of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, enhance their innovation ability, and improve the overall innovation level of rural areas. 4.2. Increase the implementation of policies to attract rural population to return 4.2.1. In order to promote the development of various talents in rural areas, we can start with policies Policies represent the interests of the people and are respected and recognized by the people. Through innovative breakthroughs in talent strategies, high-value hard core policies such as the "Measures for Supporting Rural Migrant Workers to Return to their Hometowns for Entrepreneurship" and the "Implementation Opinions on Talent Return for Employment" have been introduced to enhance the attractiveness of talent return, lead various talents to work in rural areas, and promote high-quality development of rural revitalization. The government can implement preferential policies to encourage talents to develop in rural areas, broaden selection channels, lower thresholds, stimulate talent participation, select outstanding talents from veterans, entrepreneurs, retired cadres, etc., and attract talents to return to their hometowns for innovation and entrepreneurship. 4.2.2. We should do a good job in the post service work for returning talents We actively incorporate the post service of returning talents into government work, vigorously improve the welfare benefits of talents after returning, classify them based on their education level, qualifications, and abilities, and assign corresponding levels of salary and benefits. The higher the level, the higher the salary, and vice versa; Corresponding subsidy policies, such as salary increases, housing subsidies, medical benefits, tax reductions, and free education, can address the concerns of talents and ensure that they can live and stay with peace of mind. 140 4.3. Gathering talents from multiple sources and guiding them to go to the countryside Strongly support college students to return to their hometowns for employment. Implement a "combination of retention and employment" policy for outstanding graduates who are capable of engaging in agricultural work and studying or interning at local universities; Increase national financial investment. Provide financial support for returning college students. At the same time, we need to strengthen social services. Improve employment rates. Provide subsidies and convenient conditions in terms of policies, economy, life, projects, technology, etc., and encourage young college students to return to rural areas, especially those majoring in agriculture. They can not only use their professional knowledge for entrepreneurship, but also lead the modernization development of rural agriculture, making them technical experts and entrepreneurial elites in the rural revitalization strategy. Carry out the "talent caravan" talent recruitment activity, launch the nationwide talent recruitment engine, and use WeChat official account, university lectures, government website and other ways to increase the publicity of rural talent return policy. By expanding policy influence, widely absorb talents from major universities, build a "highland" of rural talents, and support the modernization of rural industries. By providing corresponding preferential treatment through the "Three Supports and One Assistance" plan, selecting and transferring students, and recruiting civil servants, we aim to attract fresh graduates to deepen their rural development, strengthen public infrastructure construction, improve salary and benefits, provide a favorable environment, and solve the practical problems of low treatment and poor quality of life for college students. 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