id sid tid token lemma pos flr-162 1 1 microsoft microsoft PROPN flr-162 1 2 word word NOUN flr-162 1 3 fleckenstein_publication.docx fleckenstein_publication.docx PUNCT flr-162 1 4                         SPACE flr-162 1 5 frontline frontline NOUN flr-162 1 6 learning learn VERB flr-162 1 7 research research NOUN flr-162 1 8 vol vol NOUN flr-162 1 9 . . PROPN flr-162 2 1 3 3 NUM flr-162 2 2 no no NOUN flr-162 2 3 . . NOUN flr-162 2 4 2 2 NUM flr-162 2 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 2 6 2015 2015 NUM flr-162 2 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 2 8 27 27 NUM flr-162 2 9 46 46 NUM flr-162 2 10 issn issn VERB flr-162 2 11 2295 2295 NUM flr-162 2 12 - - SYM flr-162 2 13 3159 3159 NUM flr-162 2 14     SPACE flr-162 2 15 corresponding correspond VERB flr-162 2 16 author author NOUN flr-162 2 17 : : PUNCT flr-162 2 18 johanna johanna PROPN flr-162 2 19 fleckenstein fleckenstein PROPN flr-162 2 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 2 21 leibniz leibniz PROPN flr-162 2 22 institute institute PROPN flr-162 2 23 for for ADP flr-162 2 24 science science NOUN flr-162 2 25 and and CCONJ flr-162 2 26 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-162 2 27 education education NOUN flr-162 2 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 2 29 department department NOUN flr-162 2 30 of of ADP flr-162 2 31 educational educational ADJ flr-162 2 32 research research NOUN flr-162 2 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 2 34 olshausenstr olshausenstr NOUN flr-162 2 35 . . PROPN flr-162 3 1 62 62 NUM flr-162 3 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 3 3 24118 24118 NUM flr-162 3 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 3 5 kiel kiel PROPN flr-162 3 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 3 7 germany germany PROPN flr-162 3 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 4 1 email email NOUN flr-162 4 2 address address NOUN flr-162 4 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 4 4 fleckenstein@ipn.uni-kiel.de fleckenstein@ipn.uni-kiel.de PROPN flr-162 4 5 doi doi NOUN flr-162 4 6 : : PUNCT flr-162 4 7 http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v3i2.162 http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v3i2.162 CCONJ flr-162 4 8 what what PRON flr-162 4 9 works work VERB flr-162 4 10 in in ADP flr-162 4 11 school school NOUN flr-162 4 12 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 5 1 expert expert NOUN flr-162 5 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 5 3 novice novice NOUN flr-162 5 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 5 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 5 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 5 7 about about ADP flr-162 5 8 school school NOUN flr-162 5 9 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 5 10 johanna johanna PROPN flr-162 5 11 fleckensteina fleckensteina PROPN flr-162 5 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 5 13 friederike friederike PROPN flr-162 5 14 zimmermannb zimmermannb PROPN flr-162 5 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 5 16 olaf olaf PROPN flr-162 5 17 köllera köllera PROPN flr-162 5 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 5 19 jens jens PROPN flr-162 5 20 möllerb möllerb PROPN flr-162 5 21 aleibniz aleibniz PROPN flr-162 5 22 institute institute PROPN flr-162 5 23 for for ADP flr-162 5 24 science science NOUN flr-162 5 25 and and CCONJ flr-162 5 26 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-162 5 27 education education NOUN flr-162 5 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 5 29 germany germany PROPN flr-162 5 30 bkiel bkiel PROPN flr-162 5 31 university university PROPN flr-162 5 32 , , PUNCT flr-162 5 33 germany germany PROPN flr-162 5 34 article article NOUN flr-162 5 35 received receive VERB flr-162 5 36 4 4 NUM flr-162 5 37 april april PROPN flr-162 5 38 2015 2015 NUM flr-162 5 39 / / PUNCT flr-162 5 40 revised revise VERB flr-162 5 41 4 4 NUM flr-162 5 42 april april PROPN flr-162 5 43 2015 2015 NUM flr-162 5 44 / / PUNCT flr-162 5 45 accepted accept VERB flr-162 5 46 27 27 NUM flr-162 5 47 april april PROPN flr-162 5 48 2015 2015 NUM flr-162 5 49 / / SYM flr-162 5 50 available available ADJ flr-162 5 51 online online ADV flr-162 5 52 4 4 NUM flr-162 5 53 june june PROPN flr-162 5 54 2015 2015 NUM flr-162 5 55 abstract abstract NOUN flr-162 5 56 in in ADP flr-162 5 57 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 5 58 , , PUNCT flr-162 5 59 john john PROPN flr-162 5 60 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 5 61 first first ADV flr-162 5 62 published publish VERB flr-162 5 63 his his PRON flr-162 5 64 extensive extensive ADJ flr-162 5 65 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 5 66 concerning concern VERB flr-162 5 67 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 5 68 of of ADP flr-162 5 69 student student NOUN flr-162 5 70 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 5 71 . . PUNCT flr-162 6 1 it it PRON flr-162 6 2 provides provide VERB flr-162 6 3 an an DET flr-162 6 4 answer answer NOUN flr-162 6 5 to to ADP flr-162 6 6 the the DET flr-162 6 7 question question NOUN flr-162 6 8 : : PUNCT flr-162 6 9 “ " PUNCT flr-162 6 10 what what PRON flr-162 6 11 works work VERB flr-162 6 12 in in ADP flr-162 6 13 school school NOUN flr-162 6 14 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 6 15 ” " PUNCT flr-162 7 1 the the DET flr-162 7 2 present present ADJ flr-162 7 3 study study NOUN flr-162 7 4 examines examine VERB flr-162 7 5 how how SCONJ flr-162 7 6 this this DET flr-162 7 7 question question NOUN flr-162 7 8 is be AUX flr-162 7 9 answered answer VERB flr-162 7 10 by by ADP flr-162 7 11 preand preand NOUN flr-162 7 12 in in ADP flr-162 7 13 - - PUNCT flr-162 7 14 service service NOUN flr-162 7 15 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 7 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 7 17 how how SCONJ flr-162 7 18 their their PRON flr-162 7 19 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 7 20 correspond correspond VERB flr-162 7 21 to to ADP flr-162 7 22 the the DET flr-162 7 23 current current ADJ flr-162 7 24 state state NOUN flr-162 7 25 of of ADP flr-162 7 26 research research NOUN flr-162 7 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 7 28 whether whether SCONJ flr-162 7 29 they they PRON flr-162 7 30 differ differ VERB flr-162 7 31 according accord VERB flr-162 7 32 to to ADP flr-162 7 33 the the DET flr-162 7 34 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 7 35 ' ' PART flr-162 7 36 level level NOUN flr-162 7 37 of of ADP flr-162 7 38 expertise expertise NOUN flr-162 7 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 8 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 8 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 8 3 it it PRON flr-162 8 4 takes take VERB flr-162 8 5 on on ADP flr-162 8 6 a a DET flr-162 8 7 novel novel ADJ flr-162 8 8 approach approach NOUN flr-162 8 9 as as SCONJ flr-162 8 10 it it PRON flr-162 8 11 draws draw VERB flr-162 8 12 on on ADP flr-162 8 13 data datum NOUN flr-162 8 14 from from ADP flr-162 8 15 two two NUM flr-162 8 16 sources source NOUN flr-162 8 17 in in ADP flr-162 8 18 the the DET flr-162 8 19 field field NOUN flr-162 8 20 of of ADP flr-162 8 21 education education NOUN flr-162 8 22 -empirical -empirical ADJ flr-162 8 23 research research NOUN flr-162 8 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 8 25 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 8 26 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 8 27 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 8 28 -and -and PROPN flr-162 8 29 examines examine VERB flr-162 8 30 their their PRON flr-162 8 31 similarities similarity NOUN flr-162 8 32 and and CCONJ flr-162 8 33 differences difference NOUN flr-162 8 34 . . PUNCT flr-162 9 1 the the DET flr-162 9 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 9 3 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 9 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 9 5 were be AUX flr-162 9 6 elicited elicit VERB flr-162 9 7 by by ADP flr-162 9 8 asking ask VERB flr-162 9 9 n n PROPN flr-162 9 10 = = SYM flr-162 9 11 729 729 NUM flr-162 9 12 participants participant NOUN flr-162 9 13 to to PART flr-162 9 14 estimate estimate VERB flr-162 9 15 the the DET flr-162 9 16 effect effect NOUN flr-162 9 17 sizes size NOUN flr-162 9 18 of of ADP flr-162 9 19 several several ADJ flr-162 9 20 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 9 21 of of ADP flr-162 9 22 student student NOUN flr-162 9 23 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 9 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 10 1 those those PRON flr-162 10 2 were be AUX flr-162 10 3 compared compare VERB flr-162 10 4 to to ADP flr-162 10 5 the the DET flr-162 10 6 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 10 7 effect effect NOUN flr-162 10 8 sizes size NOUN flr-162 10 9 found find VERB flr-162 10 10 by by ADP flr-162 10 11 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 10 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 10 13 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 10 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 10 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 11 1 profile profile NOUN flr-162 11 2 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 11 3 showed show VERB flr-162 11 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 11 5 expert expert NOUN flr-162 11 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 11 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 11 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 11 9 are be AUX flr-162 11 10 more more ADV flr-162 11 11 congruent congruent ADJ flr-162 11 12 with with ADP flr-162 11 13 current current ADJ flr-162 11 14 research research NOUN flr-162 11 15 findings finding NOUN flr-162 11 16 than than ADP flr-162 11 17 those those PRON flr-162 11 18 of of ADP flr-162 11 19 novice novice NOUN flr-162 11 20 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 11 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 12 1 we we PRON flr-162 12 2 further far ADV flr-162 12 3 examined examine VERB flr-162 12 4 where where SCONJ flr-162 12 5 expert expert NOUN flr-162 12 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 12 7 novice novice NOUN flr-162 12 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 12 9 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 12 10 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 12 11 differ differ VERB flr-162 12 12 substantially substantially ADV flr-162 12 13 from from ADP flr-162 12 14 each each DET flr-162 12 15 other other ADJ flr-162 12 16 by by ADP flr-162 12 17 using use VERB flr-162 12 18 confirmatory confirmatory ADJ flr-162 12 19 factor factor NOUN flr-162 12 20 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 12 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 12 22 cfa cfa NOUN flr-162 12 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 12 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 12 25 comparing compare VERB flr-162 12 26 group group NOUN flr-162 12 27 means mean NOUN flr-162 12 28 in in ADP flr-162 12 29 latent latent NOUN flr-162 12 30 variables variable NOUN flr-162 12 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 13 1 our our PRON flr-162 13 2 findings finding NOUN flr-162 13 3 suggest suggest VERB flr-162 13 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 13 5 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 13 6 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 13 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 13 8 about about ADP flr-162 13 9 school school NOUN flr-162 13 10 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 13 11 are be AUX flr-162 13 12 related relate VERB flr-162 13 13 to to ADP flr-162 13 14 professional professional ADJ flr-162 13 15 experience experience NOUN flr-162 13 16 : : PUNCT flr-162 13 17 expert expert NOUN flr-162 13 18 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 13 19 showed show VERB flr-162 13 20 a a DET flr-162 13 21 stronger strong ADJ flr-162 13 22 overall overall ADJ flr-162 13 23 congruence congruence NOUN flr-162 13 24 with with ADP flr-162 13 25 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 13 26 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 13 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 13 28 scoring score VERB flr-162 13 29 higher high ADJ flr-162 13 30 in in ADP flr-162 13 31 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 13 32 - - PUNCT flr-162 13 33 related relate VERB flr-162 13 34 variables variable NOUN flr-162 13 35 and and CCONJ flr-162 13 36 lower low ADJ flr-162 13 37 in in ADP flr-162 13 38 variables variable NOUN flr-162 13 39 concerning concern VERB flr-162 13 40 surfaceand surfaceand ADJ flr-162 13 41 infrastructural infrastructural ADJ flr-162 13 42 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 13 43 of of ADP flr-162 13 44 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 13 45 as as ADV flr-162 13 46 well well ADV flr-162 13 47 as as ADP flr-162 13 48 student student NOUN flr-162 13 49 - - PUNCT flr-162 13 50 internal internal ADJ flr-162 13 51 factors factor NOUN flr-162 13 52 . . PUNCT flr-162 14 1 results result NOUN flr-162 14 2 are be AUX flr-162 14 3 discussed discuss VERB flr-162 14 4 with with ADP flr-162 14 5 regard regard NOUN flr-162 14 6 to to ADP flr-162 14 7 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 14 8 - - PUNCT flr-162 14 9 education education NOUN flr-162 14 10 practices practice NOUN flr-162 14 11 that that PRON flr-162 14 12 emphasize emphasize VERB flr-162 14 13 research research NOUN flr-162 14 14 findings finding NOUN flr-162 14 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 14 16 challenge challenge VERB flr-162 14 17 existing exist VERB flr-162 14 18 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 14 19 of of ADP flr-162 14 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 14 21 prospective prospective ADJ flr-162 14 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 14 23 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 14 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 15 1 keywords keyword NOUN flr-162 15 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 15 3 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 15 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 15 5 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 15 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 15 7 education education NOUN flr-162 15 8 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 15 9 professional professional ADJ flr-162 15 10 competence competence NOUN flr-162 15 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 15 12 school school NOUN flr-162 15 13 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 15 14     SPACE flr-162 15 15 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 15 16     SPACE flr-162 15 17 et et PROPN flr-162 15 18     SPACE flr-162 15 19 al al PROPN flr-162 15 20     SPACE flr-162 15 21 f f PROPN flr-162 15 22     SPACE flr-162 16 1 | | ADV flr-162 16 2 f f NOUN flr-162 16 3 l l NOUN flr-162 16 4 r r NOUN flr-162 16 5         SPACE flr-162 16 6 28 28 NUM flr-162 16 7     SPACE flr-162 16 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 16 9 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 16 10 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 16 11 are be AUX flr-162 16 12 often often ADV flr-162 16 13 guided guide VERB flr-162 16 14 by by ADP flr-162 16 15 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 16 16 experience experience NOUN flr-162 16 17 rather rather ADV flr-162 16 18 than than ADP flr-162 16 19 by by ADP flr-162 16 20 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 16 21 data datum NOUN flr-162 16 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 17 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 17 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 17 3 it it PRON flr-162 17 4 is be AUX flr-162 17 5 to to PART flr-162 17 6 be be AUX flr-162 17 7 expected expect VERB flr-162 17 8 that that SCONJ flr-162 17 9 they they PRON flr-162 17 10 generally generally ADV flr-162 17 11 diverge diverge VERB flr-162 17 12 from from ADP flr-162 17 13 research research NOUN flr-162 17 14 findings finding NOUN flr-162 17 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 18 1 this this DET flr-162 18 2 assumption assumption NOUN flr-162 18 3 also also ADV flr-162 18 4 pertains pertain VERB flr-162 18 5 to to ADP flr-162 18 6 the the DET flr-162 18 7 specific specific ADJ flr-162 18 8 case case NOUN flr-162 18 9 of of ADP flr-162 18 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 18 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 18 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 18 13 that that PRON flr-162 18 14 manifest manifest VERB flr-162 18 15 in in ADP flr-162 18 16 their their PRON flr-162 18 17 response response NOUN flr-162 18 18 to to ADP flr-162 18 19 the the DET flr-162 18 20 question question NOUN flr-162 18 21 : : PUNCT flr-162 18 22 “ " PUNCT flr-162 18 23 what what PRON flr-162 18 24 works work VERB flr-162 18 25 in in ADP flr-162 18 26 school school NOUN flr-162 18 27 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 18 28 ” " PUNCT flr-162 18 29 school school NOUN flr-162 18 30 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 18 31 research research NOUN flr-162 18 32 has have AUX flr-162 18 33 tried try VERB flr-162 18 34 to to PART flr-162 18 35 answer answer VERB flr-162 18 36 this this DET flr-162 18 37 question question NOUN flr-162 18 38 , , PUNCT flr-162 18 39 the the DET flr-162 18 40 latest late ADJ flr-162 18 41 attempt attempt NOUN flr-162 18 42 being be AUX flr-162 18 43 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 18 44 ’s ’s PART flr-162 18 45 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 18 46 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 18 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 18 48 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 18 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 18 50 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 18 51 of of ADP flr-162 18 52 factors factor NOUN flr-162 18 53 that that PRON flr-162 18 54 influence influence NOUN flr-162 18 55 student student NOUN flr-162 18 56 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 18 57 . . PUNCT flr-162 19 1 however however ADV flr-162 19 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 19 3 little little ADJ flr-162 19 4 is be AUX flr-162 19 5 known know VERB flr-162 19 6 of of ADP flr-162 19 7 the the DET flr-162 19 8 practitioner practitioner NOUN flr-162 19 9 ’s ’s PART flr-162 19 10 answer answer NOUN flr-162 19 11 to to ADP flr-162 19 12 one one NUM flr-162 19 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 19 14 the the DET flr-162 19 15 same same ADJ flr-162 19 16 question question NOUN flr-162 19 17 : : PUNCT flr-162 19 18 what what DET flr-162 19 19 factors factor NOUN flr-162 19 20 do do AUX flr-162 19 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 19 22 expert expert NOUN flr-162 19 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 19 24 novice novice NOUN flr-162 19 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 19 26 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 19 27 believe believe VERB flr-162 19 28 to to PART flr-162 19 29 influence influence VERB flr-162 19 30 student student NOUN flr-162 19 31 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 19 32 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 20 1 where where SCONJ flr-162 20 2 do do AUX flr-162 20 3 their their PRON flr-162 20 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 20 5 differ differ VERB flr-162 20 6 from from ADP flr-162 20 7 research research NOUN flr-162 20 8 findings finding NOUN flr-162 20 9 substantially substantially ADV flr-162 20 10 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 21 1 these these DET flr-162 21 2 questions question NOUN flr-162 21 3 are be AUX flr-162 21 4 highly highly ADV flr-162 21 5 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 21 6 as as SCONJ flr-162 21 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 21 8 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 21 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 21 10 have have AUX flr-162 21 11 been be AUX flr-162 21 12 shown show VERB flr-162 21 13 to to PART flr-162 21 14 influence influence VERB flr-162 21 15 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 21 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 21 17 learning learning NOUN flr-162 21 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 22 1 if if SCONJ flr-162 22 2 they they PRON flr-162 22 3 differ differ VERB flr-162 22 4 substantially substantially ADV flr-162 22 5 from from ADP flr-162 22 6 results result NOUN flr-162 22 7 of of ADP flr-162 22 8 school school NOUN flr-162 22 9 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 22 10 research research NOUN flr-162 22 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 22 12 we we PRON flr-162 22 13 have have VERB flr-162 22 14 reason reason NOUN flr-162 22 15 to to PART flr-162 22 16 assume assume VERB flr-162 22 17 a a DET flr-162 22 18 negative negative ADJ flr-162 22 19 effect effect NOUN flr-162 22 20 on on ADP flr-162 22 21 educational educational ADJ flr-162 22 22 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 22 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 23 1 for for ADP flr-162 23 2 example example NOUN flr-162 23 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 23 4 if if SCONJ flr-162 23 5 a a DET flr-162 23 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 23 7 undervalues undervalue VERB flr-162 23 8 a a DET flr-162 23 9 particular particular ADJ flr-162 23 10 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 23 11 method method NOUN flr-162 23 12 or or CCONJ flr-162 23 13 overvalues overvalue VERB flr-162 23 14 surface surface NOUN flr-162 23 15 structural structural ADJ flr-162 23 16 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 23 17 like like ADP flr-162 23 18 class class NOUN flr-162 23 19 size size NOUN flr-162 23 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 23 21 this this PRON flr-162 23 22 could could AUX flr-162 23 23 be be AUX flr-162 23 24 a a DET flr-162 23 25 serious serious ADJ flr-162 23 26 threat threat NOUN flr-162 23 27 to to ADP flr-162 23 28 effective effective ADJ flr-162 23 29 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 23 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 24 1 an an DET flr-162 24 2 investigation investigation NOUN flr-162 24 3 into into ADP flr-162 24 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 24 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 24 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 24 7 concerning concern VERB flr-162 24 8 school school NOUN flr-162 24 9 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 24 10 can can AUX flr-162 24 11 show show VERB flr-162 24 12 us we PRON flr-162 24 13 where where SCONJ flr-162 24 14 these these DET flr-162 24 15 discrepancies discrepancy NOUN flr-162 24 16 are be AUX flr-162 24 17 and and CCONJ flr-162 24 18 thus thus ADV flr-162 24 19 inform inform VERB flr-162 24 20 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 24 21 education education NOUN flr-162 24 22 practice practice NOUN flr-162 24 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 24 24 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 24 25 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 24 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 25 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 25 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 25 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 25 4 are be AUX flr-162 25 5 typically typically ADV flr-162 25 6 represented represent VERB flr-162 25 7 as as ADP flr-162 25 8 part part NOUN flr-162 25 9 of of ADP flr-162 25 10 a a DET flr-162 25 11 multi multi ADJ flr-162 25 12 - - ADJ flr-162 25 13 dimensional dimensional ADJ flr-162 25 14 construct construct NOUN flr-162 25 15 of of ADP flr-162 25 16 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 25 17 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 25 18 professional professional ADJ flr-162 25 19 competence competence NOUN flr-162 25 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 25 21 baumert baumert NOUN flr-162 25 22 & & CCONJ flr-162 25 23 kunter kunter NOUN flr-162 25 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 25 25 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 25 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 25 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 26 1 they they PRON flr-162 26 2 influence influence VERB flr-162 26 3 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 26 4 ’ ’ PART flr-162 26 5 perceptions perception NOUN flr-162 26 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 26 7 judgments judgment NOUN flr-162 26 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 26 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 26 10 consequently consequently ADV flr-162 26 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 26 12 affect affect VERB flr-162 26 13 their their PRON flr-162 26 14 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 26 15 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 26 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 26 17 calderhead calderhead NOUN flr-162 26 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 26 19 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 26 20 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 26 21 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 26 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 26 23 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 26 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 26 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 27 1 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 27 2 are be AUX flr-162 27 3 subject subject ADJ flr-162 27 4 to to ADP flr-162 27 5 change change NOUN flr-162 27 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 27 7 thus thus ADV flr-162 27 8 can can AUX flr-162 27 9 be be AUX flr-162 27 10 expected expect VERB flr-162 27 11 to to PART flr-162 27 12 differ differ VERB flr-162 27 13 in in ADP flr-162 27 14 expert expert NOUN flr-162 27 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 27 16 novice novice NOUN flr-162 27 17 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 27 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 28 1 in in ADP flr-162 28 2 the the DET flr-162 28 3 present present ADJ flr-162 28 4 study study NOUN flr-162 28 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 28 6 we we PRON flr-162 28 7 are be AUX flr-162 28 8 particularly particularly ADV flr-162 28 9 interested interested ADJ flr-162 28 10 in in ADP flr-162 28 11 a a DET flr-162 28 12 specific specific ADJ flr-162 28 13 subset subset NOUN flr-162 28 14 of of ADP flr-162 28 15 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 28 16 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 28 17 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 28 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 28 19 namely namely ADV flr-162 28 20 those those PRON flr-162 28 21 regarding regard VERB flr-162 28 22 the the DET flr-162 28 23 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 28 24 of of ADP flr-162 28 25 schooland schooland NOUN flr-162 28 26 education education NOUN flr-162 28 27 - - PUNCT flr-162 28 28 related relate VERB flr-162 28 29 factors factor NOUN flr-162 28 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 29 1 in in ADP flr-162 29 2 the the DET flr-162 29 3 last last ADJ flr-162 29 4 few few ADJ flr-162 29 5 decades decade NOUN flr-162 29 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 7 there there PRON flr-162 29 8 has have AUX flr-162 29 9 been be AUX flr-162 29 10 a a DET flr-162 29 11 lot lot NOUN flr-162 29 12 of of ADP flr-162 29 13 research research NOUN flr-162 29 14 concerning concern VERB flr-162 29 15 the the DET flr-162 29 16 question question NOUN flr-162 29 17 of of ADP flr-162 29 18 what what PRON flr-162 29 19 works work VERB flr-162 29 20 in in ADP flr-162 29 21 school school NOUN flr-162 29 22 – – PUNCT flr-162 29 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 29 24 what what PRON flr-162 29 25 does do AUX flr-162 29 26 not not PART flr-162 29 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 29 28 fraser fraser PROPN flr-162 29 29 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 30 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 29 31 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 32 welch welch PROPN flr-162 29 33 & & CCONJ flr-162 29 34 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 29 35 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 36 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 29 37 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 29 38 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 29 39 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 40 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 29 41 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 29 42 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 29 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 44 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 29 45 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 29 46 wang wang PROPN flr-162 29 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 48 haertel haertel PROPN flr-162 29 49 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 50 & & CCONJ flr-162 29 51 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 29 52 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 53 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 29 54 , , PUNCT flr-162 29 55 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 29 56 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 29 57 . . PUNCT flr-162 30 1 the the DET flr-162 30 2 most most ADV flr-162 30 3 recent recent ADJ flr-162 30 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 30 5 extensive extensive ADJ flr-162 30 6 example example NOUN flr-162 30 7 of of ADP flr-162 30 8 this this PRON flr-162 30 9 is be AUX flr-162 30 10 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 30 11 ’s ’s PART flr-162 30 12 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 30 13 of of ADP flr-162 30 14 meta meta NOUN flr-162 30 15 - - PUNCT flr-162 30 16 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 30 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 30 18 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 30 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 30 20 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 30 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 30 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 30 23 in in ADP flr-162 30 24 which which PRON flr-162 30 25 he he PRON flr-162 30 26 examines examine VERB flr-162 30 27 the the DET flr-162 30 28 influence influence NOUN flr-162 30 29 of of ADP flr-162 30 30 138 138 NUM flr-162 30 31 factors factor NOUN flr-162 30 32 on on ADP flr-162 30 33 student student NOUN flr-162 30 34 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 30 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 31 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 31 2 should should AUX flr-162 31 3 be be AUX flr-162 31 4 familiar familiar ADJ flr-162 31 5 with with ADP flr-162 31 6 such such ADJ flr-162 31 7 findings finding NOUN flr-162 31 8 of of ADP flr-162 31 9 school school NOUN flr-162 31 10 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 31 11 research research NOUN flr-162 31 12 in in ADP flr-162 31 13 order order NOUN flr-162 31 14 to to PART flr-162 31 15 make make VERB flr-162 31 16 informed informed ADJ flr-162 31 17 decisions decision NOUN flr-162 31 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 31 19 focus focus VERB flr-162 31 20 on on ADP flr-162 31 21 the the DET flr-162 31 22 most most ADV flr-162 31 23 effective effective ADJ flr-162 31 24 interventions intervention NOUN flr-162 31 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 32 1 for for ADP flr-162 32 2 this this DET flr-162 32 3 kind kind NOUN flr-162 32 4 of of ADP flr-162 32 5 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 32 6 - - PUNCT flr-162 32 7 based base VERB flr-162 32 8 practice practice NOUN flr-162 32 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 32 10 however however ADV flr-162 32 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 32 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 32 13 not not PART flr-162 32 14 only only ADV flr-162 32 15 have have VERB flr-162 32 16 to to PART flr-162 32 17 know know VERB flr-162 32 18 about about ADP flr-162 32 19 such such ADJ flr-162 32 20 findings finding NOUN flr-162 32 21 but but CCONJ flr-162 32 22 actually actually ADV flr-162 32 23 to to PART flr-162 32 24 believe believe VERB flr-162 32 25 that that SCONJ flr-162 32 26 they they PRON flr-162 32 27 are be AUX flr-162 32 28 true true ADJ flr-162 32 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 33 1 hence hence ADV flr-162 33 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 33 3 we we PRON flr-162 33 4 asked ask VERB flr-162 33 5 pre pre NOUN flr-162 33 6 - - NOUN flr-162 33 7 service service ADJ flr-162 33 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 33 9 “ " PUNCT flr-162 33 10 novice novice NOUN flr-162 33 11 ” " PUNCT flr-162 33 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 33 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 33 14 in in ADP flr-162 33 15 - - PUNCT flr-162 33 16 service service NOUN flr-162 33 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 33 18 “ " PUNCT flr-162 33 19 expert expert NOUN flr-162 33 20 ” " PUNCT flr-162 33 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 33 22 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 33 23 for for ADP flr-162 33 24 their their PRON flr-162 33 25 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 33 26 about about ADP flr-162 33 27 the the DET flr-162 33 28 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 33 29 of of ADP flr-162 33 30 certain certain ADJ flr-162 33 31 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 33 32 of of ADP flr-162 33 33 student student NOUN flr-162 33 34 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 33 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 34 1 these these DET flr-162 34 2 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 34 3 of of ADP flr-162 34 4 our our PRON flr-162 34 5 expert expert NOUN flr-162 34 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 34 7 novice novice NOUN flr-162 34 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 34 9 were be AUX flr-162 34 10 then then ADV flr-162 34 11 compared compare VERB flr-162 34 12 with with ADP flr-162 34 13 each each DET flr-162 34 14 other other ADJ flr-162 34 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 34 16 contrasted contrast VERB flr-162 34 17 with with ADP flr-162 34 18 the the DET flr-162 34 19 findings finding NOUN flr-162 34 20 of of ADP flr-162 34 21 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 34 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 34 23 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 34 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 34 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 35 1 in in ADP flr-162 35 2 the the DET flr-162 35 3 following following NOUN flr-162 35 4 we we PRON flr-162 35 5 will will AUX flr-162 35 6 provide provide VERB flr-162 35 7 a a DET flr-162 35 8 brief brief ADJ flr-162 35 9 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 35 10 background background NOUN flr-162 35 11 on on ADP flr-162 35 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 35 13 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 35 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 35 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 36 1 since since SCONJ flr-162 36 2 the the DET flr-162 36 3 body body NOUN flr-162 36 4 of of ADP flr-162 36 5 research research NOUN flr-162 36 6 on on ADP flr-162 36 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 36 8 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 36 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 36 10 is be AUX flr-162 36 11 quite quite ADV flr-162 36 12 extensive extensive ADJ flr-162 36 13 we we PRON flr-162 36 14 concentrate concentrate VERB flr-162 36 15 on on ADP flr-162 36 16 the the DET flr-162 36 17 following follow VERB flr-162 36 18 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 36 19 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 36 20 : : PUNCT flr-162 36 21 the the DET flr-162 36 22 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 36 23 construct construct NOUN flr-162 36 24 of of ADP flr-162 36 25 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 36 26 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 36 27 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 36 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 36 29 the the DET flr-162 36 30 influence influence NOUN flr-162 36 31 of of ADP flr-162 36 32 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 36 33 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 36 34 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 36 35 on on ADP flr-162 36 36 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 36 37 processes process NOUN flr-162 36 38 and and CCONJ flr-162 36 39 student student NOUN flr-162 36 40 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 36 41 , , PUNCT flr-162 36 42 the the DET flr-162 36 43 issue issue NOUN flr-162 36 44 of of ADP flr-162 36 45 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 36 46 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 36 47 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 36 48 being be AUX flr-162 36 49 guided guide VERB flr-162 36 50 by by ADP flr-162 36 51 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 36 52 experience experience NOUN flr-162 36 53 rather rather ADV flr-162 36 54 than than ADP flr-162 36 55 objective objective ADJ flr-162 36 56 fact fact NOUN flr-162 36 57 , , PUNCT flr-162 36 58 and and CCONJ flr-162 36 59 the the DET flr-162 36 60 general general ADJ flr-162 36 61 differences difference NOUN flr-162 36 62 in in ADP flr-162 36 63 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 36 64 of of ADP flr-162 36 65 novice novice NOUN flr-162 36 66 and and CCONJ flr-162 36 67 expert expert NOUN flr-162 36 68 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 36 69 . . PUNCT flr-162 37 1 subsequently subsequently ADV flr-162 37 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 37 3 we we PRON flr-162 37 4 locate locate VERB flr-162 37 5 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 37 6 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 37 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 37 8 within within ADP flr-162 37 9 a a DET flr-162 37 10 model model NOUN flr-162 37 11 of of ADP flr-162 37 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 37 13 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 37 14 professional professional ADJ flr-162 37 15 competence competence NOUN flr-162 37 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 37 17 which which PRON flr-162 37 18 – – PUNCT flr-162 37 19 in in ADP flr-162 37 20 accordance accordance NOUN flr-162 37 21 with with ADP flr-162 37 22 the the DET flr-162 37 23 prevailing prevail VERB flr-162 37 24 expert(-novice expert(-novice PROPN flr-162 37 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 37 26 paradigm paradigm NOUN flr-162 37 27 – – PUNCT flr-162 37 28 suggests suggest VERB flr-162 37 29 the the DET flr-162 37 30 malleability malleability NOUN flr-162 37 31 of of ADP flr-162 37 32 all all DET flr-162 37 33 its its PRON flr-162 37 34 components component NOUN flr-162 37 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 38 1 the the DET flr-162 38 2 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 38 3 examined examine VERB flr-162 38 4 here here ADV flr-162 38 5 focus focus NOUN flr-162 38 6 on on ADP flr-162 38 7 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 38 8 of of ADP flr-162 38 9 student student NOUN flr-162 38 10 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 38 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 38 12 therefore therefore ADV flr-162 38 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 38 14 we we PRON flr-162 38 15 will will AUX flr-162 38 16 also also ADV flr-162 38 17 show show VERB flr-162 38 18 the the DET flr-162 38 19 most most ADV flr-162 38 20 important important ADJ flr-162 38 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 38 22 recent recent ADJ flr-162 38 23 results result NOUN flr-162 38 24 of of ADP flr-162 38 25 school school NOUN flr-162 38 26 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 38 27 research research NOUN flr-162 38 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 39 1 as as SCONJ flr-162 39 2 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 39 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 39 4 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 39 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 39 6 serves serve VERB flr-162 39 7 as as ADP flr-162 39 8 the the DET flr-162 39 9 basis basis NOUN flr-162 39 10 of of ADP flr-162 39 11 our our PRON flr-162 39 12 study study NOUN flr-162 39 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 39 14 particular particular ADJ flr-162 39 15 attention attention NOUN flr-162 39 16 is be AUX flr-162 39 17 paid pay VERB flr-162 39 18 to to ADP flr-162 39 19 his his PRON flr-162 39 20 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ flr-162 39 21 aggregation aggregation NOUN flr-162 39 22 of of ADP flr-162 39 23 existing exist VERB flr-162 39 24 meta meta ADJ flr-162 39 25 - - PUNCT flr-162 39 26 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 39 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 39 28 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 39 29 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 39 30 see see VERB flr-162 39 31 zell zell PROPN flr-162 39 32 & & CCONJ flr-162 39 33 krizan krizan PROPN flr-162 39 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 39 35 2014 2014 NUM flr-162 39 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 39 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 40 1 1 1 X flr-162 40 2 . . X flr-162 40 3 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 40 4 background background NOUN flr-162 40 5 1.1 1.1 NUM flr-162 40 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 40 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 40 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 40 9 according accord VERB flr-162 40 10 to to ADP flr-162 40 11 barcelos barcelo NOUN flr-162 40 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 40 13 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 40 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 40 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 40 16 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 40 17 are be AUX flr-162 40 18 types type NOUN flr-162 40 19 of of ADP flr-162 40 20 thoughts thought NOUN flr-162 40 21 which which PRON flr-162 40 22 provide provide VERB flr-162 40 23 a a DET flr-162 40 24 basis basis NOUN flr-162 40 25 for for ADP flr-162 40 26 decisions decision NOUN flr-162 40 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 40 28 actions action NOUN flr-162 40 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 41 1 harvey harvey NOUN flr-162 41 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 41 3 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 41 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 41 5 described describe VERB flr-162 41 6 a a DET flr-162 41 7 belief belief NOUN flr-162 41 8 system system NOUN flr-162 41 9 as as ADP flr-162 41 10 “ " PUNCT flr-162 41 11 a a DET flr-162 41 12 set set NOUN flr-162 41 13 of of ADP flr-162 41 14 conceptual conceptual ADJ flr-162 41 15 representations representation NOUN flr-162 41 16 which which PRON flr-162 41 17 signify signify VERB flr-162 41 18 to to ADP flr-162 41 19 its its PRON flr-162 41 20     SPACE flr-162 41 21 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 41 22     SPACE flr-162 41 23 et et PROPN flr-162 41 24     SPACE flr-162 41 25 al al PROPN flr-162 41 26     SPACE flr-162 41 27 f f PROPN flr-162 41 28     SPACE flr-162 42 1 | | ADV flr-162 42 2 f f NOUN flr-162 42 3 l l NOUN flr-162 42 4 r r NOUN flr-162 42 5         SPACE flr-162 42 6 29 29 NUM flr-162 42 7     SPACE flr-162 42 8 holder holder NOUN flr-162 42 9 a a DET flr-162 42 10 reality reality NOUN flr-162 42 11 or or CCONJ flr-162 42 12 a a DET flr-162 42 13 given give VERB flr-162 42 14 state state NOUN flr-162 42 15 of of ADP flr-162 42 16 affairs affair NOUN flr-162 42 17 of of ADP flr-162 42 18 sufficient sufficient ADJ flr-162 42 19 validity validity NOUN flr-162 42 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 42 21 truth truth NOUN flr-162 42 22 or or CCONJ flr-162 42 23 trustworthiness trustworthiness NOUN flr-162 42 24 to to PART flr-162 42 25 warrant warrant VERB flr-162 42 26 reliance reliance NOUN flr-162 42 27 upon upon SCONJ flr-162 42 28 it it PRON flr-162 42 29 as as ADP flr-162 42 30 a a DET flr-162 42 31 guide guide NOUN flr-162 42 32 to to ADP flr-162 42 33 personal personal ADJ flr-162 42 34 thought thought NOUN flr-162 42 35 and and CCONJ flr-162 42 36 action action NOUN flr-162 42 37 ” " PUNCT flr-162 42 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 42 39 p. p. NOUN flr-162 42 40 146 146 NUM flr-162 42 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 42 42 . . PUNCT flr-162 43 1 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 43 2 in in ADP flr-162 43 3 general general ADJ flr-162 43 4 are be AUX flr-162 43 5 thought think VERB flr-162 43 6 of of ADP flr-162 43 7 as as ADV flr-162 43 8 psychologically psychologically ADV flr-162 43 9 held hold VERB flr-162 43 10 understandings understanding NOUN flr-162 43 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 43 12 premises premise NOUN flr-162 43 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 43 14 or or CCONJ flr-162 43 15 propositions proposition NOUN flr-162 43 16 about about ADP flr-162 43 17 the the DET flr-162 43 18 world world NOUN flr-162 43 19 that that PRON flr-162 43 20 a a DET flr-162 43 21 person person NOUN flr-162 43 22 perceives perceive VERB flr-162 43 23 as as ADP flr-162 43 24 being be AUX flr-162 43 25 veritable veritable ADJ flr-162 43 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 43 27 richardson richardson PROPN flr-162 43 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 43 29 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 43 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 43 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 44 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 44 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 44 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 44 4 can can AUX flr-162 44 5 be be AUX flr-162 44 6 seen see VERB flr-162 44 7 as as ADP flr-162 44 8 a a DET flr-162 44 9 substructure substructure NOUN flr-162 44 10 of of ADP flr-162 44 11 the the DET flr-162 44 12 general general ADJ flr-162 44 13 belief belief NOUN flr-162 44 14 system system NOUN flr-162 44 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 45 1 they they PRON flr-162 45 2 consist consist VERB flr-162 45 3 of of ADP flr-162 45 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 45 5 that that PRON flr-162 45 6 serve serve VERB flr-162 45 7 as as ADP flr-162 45 8 a a DET flr-162 45 9 guide guide NOUN flr-162 45 10 when when SCONJ flr-162 45 11 dealing deal VERB flr-162 45 12 with with ADP flr-162 45 13 schooland schooland NOUN flr-162 45 14 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 45 15 - - PUNCT flr-162 45 16 related relate VERB flr-162 45 17 situations situation NOUN flr-162 45 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 46 1 in in ADP flr-162 46 2 educational educational ADJ flr-162 46 3 settings setting NOUN flr-162 46 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 46 5 haney haney PROPN flr-162 46 6 et et PROPN flr-162 46 7 al al PROPN flr-162 46 8 . . PROPN flr-162 47 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 47 2 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 47 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 47 4 defined define VERB flr-162 47 5 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 47 6 as as ADP flr-162 47 7 “ " PUNCT flr-162 47 8 one one NUM flr-162 47 9 ’s ’s PART flr-162 47 10 convictions conviction NOUN flr-162 47 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 47 12 philosophy philosophy NOUN flr-162 47 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 47 14 tenets tenet NOUN flr-162 47 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 47 16 or or CCONJ flr-162 47 17 opinions opinion NOUN flr-162 47 18 about about ADP flr-162 47 19 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 47 20 and and CCONJ flr-162 47 21 learning learning NOUN flr-162 47 22 ” " PUNCT flr-162 47 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 47 24 p. p. NOUN flr-162 47 25 367 367 NUM flr-162 47 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 47 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 48 1 as as SCONJ flr-162 48 2 such such ADJ flr-162 48 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 48 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 48 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 48 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 48 7 may may AUX flr-162 48 8 include include VERB flr-162 48 9 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 48 10 theories theory NOUN flr-162 48 11 about about ADP flr-162 48 12 how how SCONJ flr-162 48 13 students student NOUN flr-162 48 14 learn learn VERB flr-162 48 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 48 16 what what PRON flr-162 48 17 a a DET flr-162 48 18 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 48 19 should should AUX flr-162 48 20 or or CCONJ flr-162 48 21 should should AUX flr-162 48 22 not not PART flr-162 48 23 do do VERB flr-162 48 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 48 25 which which DET flr-162 48 26 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 48 27 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 48 28 work work VERB flr-162 48 29 effectively effectively ADV flr-162 48 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 49 1 the the DET flr-162 49 2 last last ADJ flr-162 49 3 few few ADJ flr-162 49 4 decades decade NOUN flr-162 49 5 have have AUX flr-162 49 6 brought bring VERB flr-162 49 7 out out ADP flr-162 49 8 a a DET flr-162 49 9 substantial substantial ADJ flr-162 49 10 body body NOUN flr-162 49 11 of of ADP flr-162 49 12 research research NOUN flr-162 49 13 on on ADP flr-162 49 14 the the DET flr-162 49 15 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 49 16 of of ADP flr-162 49 17 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 49 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 49 19 for for SCONJ flr-162 49 20 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ flr-162 49 21 research research NOUN flr-162 49 22 reviews review NOUN flr-162 49 23 see see VERB flr-162 49 24 calderhead calderhead NOUN flr-162 49 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 49 26 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 49 27 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 49 28 fang fang X flr-162 49 29 , , PUNCT flr-162 49 30 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 49 31 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 49 32 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 49 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 49 34 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 49 35 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 49 36 nespor nespor NOUN flr-162 49 37 , , PUNCT flr-162 49 38 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 49 39 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 49 40 richardson richardson PROPN flr-162 49 41 , , PUNCT flr-162 49 42 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 49 43 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 49 44 stuart stuart PROPN flr-162 49 45 & & CCONJ flr-162 49 46 thurlow thurlow PROPN flr-162 49 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 49 48 2000 2000 NUM flr-162 49 49 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 50 1 verloop verloop NOUN flr-162 50 2 et et PROPN flr-162 50 3 al al PROPN flr-162 50 4 . . PROPN flr-162 50 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 50 6 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 50 7 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 50 8 wenden wenden PROPN flr-162 50 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 50 10 1999 1999 NUM flr-162 50 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 50 12 woods wood NOUN flr-162 50 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 50 14 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 50 15 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 50 16 zheng zheng PROPN flr-162 50 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 50 18 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 50 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 50 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 51 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 51 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 51 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 51 4 influence influence VERB flr-162 51 5 perception perception NOUN flr-162 51 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 51 7 judgment judgment NOUN flr-162 51 8 which which PRON flr-162 51 9 in in ADP flr-162 51 10 turn turn NOUN flr-162 51 11 guide guide VERB flr-162 51 12 their their PRON flr-162 51 13 actions action NOUN flr-162 51 14 in in ADP flr-162 51 15 the the DET flr-162 51 16 context context NOUN flr-162 51 17 of of ADP flr-162 51 18 school school NOUN flr-162 51 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 51 20 education education NOUN flr-162 51 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 51 22 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 51 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 51 24 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 51 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 51 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 52 1 prior prior ADJ flr-162 52 2 research research NOUN flr-162 52 3 has have AUX flr-162 52 4 shown show VERB flr-162 52 5 that that SCONJ flr-162 52 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 52 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 52 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 52 9 have have VERB flr-162 52 10 a a DET flr-162 52 11 critical critical ADJ flr-162 52 12 impact impact NOUN flr-162 52 13 on on ADP flr-162 52 14 the the DET flr-162 52 15 way way NOUN flr-162 52 16 they they PRON flr-162 52 17 teach teach VERB flr-162 52 18 in in ADP flr-162 52 19 the the DET flr-162 52 20 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 52 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 22 learn learn VERB flr-162 52 23 how how SCONJ flr-162 52 24 to to PART flr-162 52 25 teach teach VERB flr-162 52 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 52 28 perceive perceive ADJ flr-162 52 29 educational educational ADJ flr-162 52 30 reforms reform NOUN flr-162 52 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 52 32 m. m. NOUN flr-162 52 33 borg borg PROPN flr-162 52 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 35 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 52 36 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 52 37 allen allen PROPN flr-162 52 38 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 39 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 52 40 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 52 41 s. s. PROPN flr-162 52 42 borg borg PROPN flr-162 52 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 44 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 52 45 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 52 46 freeman freeman PROPN flr-162 52 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 48 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 52 49 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 52 50 yook yook NOUN flr-162 52 51 , , PUNCT flr-162 52 52 2010 2010 NUM flr-162 52 53 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 52 54 . . PUNCT flr-162 53 1 other other ADJ flr-162 53 2 studies study NOUN flr-162 53 3 have have AUX flr-162 53 4 shown show VERB flr-162 53 5 the the DET flr-162 53 6 importance importance NOUN flr-162 53 7 of of ADP flr-162 53 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 53 9 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 53 10 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 53 11 for for ADP flr-162 53 12 student student NOUN flr-162 53 13 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 53 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 53 15 peterson peterson PROPN flr-162 53 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 53 17 fennema fennema NOUN flr-162 53 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 53 19 carpenter carpenter NOUN flr-162 53 20 & & CCONJ flr-162 53 21 loef loef PROPN flr-162 53 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 53 23 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 53 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 53 25 staub staub NOUN flr-162 53 26 & & CCONJ flr-162 53 27 stern stern PROPN flr-162 53 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 53 29 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 53 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 53 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 54 1 an an DET flr-162 54 2 especially especially ADV flr-162 54 3 well well ADV flr-162 54 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 54 5 researched research VERB flr-162 54 6 issue issue NOUN flr-162 54 7 in in ADP flr-162 54 8 this this DET flr-162 54 9 context context NOUN flr-162 54 10 are be AUX flr-162 54 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 54 12 ’ ’ PART flr-162 54 13 self self NOUN flr-162 54 14 - - PUNCT flr-162 54 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 54 16 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 54 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 55 1 according accord VERB flr-162 55 2 to to ADP flr-162 55 3 tschannen tschannen PROPN flr-162 55 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 55 5 moran moran PROPN flr-162 55 6 et et PROPN flr-162 55 7 al al PROPN flr-162 55 8 . . PROPN flr-162 56 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 56 2 1998 1998 NUM flr-162 56 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 56 4 p. p. NOUN flr-162 56 5 233 233 NUM flr-162 56 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 56 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 56 8 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 56 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 56 10 is be AUX flr-162 56 11 “ " PUNCT flr-162 56 12 the the DET flr-162 56 13 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 56 14 ’s ’s PART flr-162 56 15 belief belief NOUN flr-162 56 16 in in ADP flr-162 56 17 his his PRON flr-162 56 18 or or CCONJ flr-162 56 19 her her PRON flr-162 56 20 capability capability NOUN flr-162 56 21 to to PART flr-162 56 22 organize organize VERB flr-162 56 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 56 24 execute execute VERB flr-162 56 25 courses course NOUN flr-162 56 26 of of ADP flr-162 56 27 action action NOUN flr-162 56 28 required require VERB flr-162 56 29 to to PART flr-162 56 30 successfully successfully ADV flr-162 56 31 accomplish accomplish VERB flr-162 56 32 a a DET flr-162 56 33 specific specific ADJ flr-162 56 34 task task NOUN flr-162 56 35 in in ADP flr-162 56 36 a a DET flr-162 56 37 particular particular ADJ flr-162 56 38 context context NOUN flr-162 56 39 ” " PUNCT flr-162 56 40 . . PUNCT flr-162 57 1 such such ADJ flr-162 57 2 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 57 3 have have AUX flr-162 57 4 been be AUX flr-162 57 5 shown show VERB flr-162 57 6 to to PART flr-162 57 7 critically critically ADV flr-162 57 8 influence influence VERB flr-162 57 9 a a DET flr-162 57 10 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 57 11 ’s ’s PART flr-162 57 12 performance performance NOUN flr-162 57 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 57 14 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 57 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 57 16 bandura bandura NOUN flr-162 57 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 18 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 57 19 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 20 ross,1998 ross,1998 NOUN flr-162 57 21 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 22 tschannen tschannen PROPN flr-162 57 23 - - PUNCT flr-162 57 24 moran moran PROPN flr-162 57 25 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 26 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 57 27 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 57 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 29 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 57 30 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 31 tschannen tschannen PROPN flr-162 57 32 - - PUNCT flr-162 57 33 moran moran PROPN flr-162 57 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 35 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 57 36 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 57 37 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 38 hoy,1998 hoy,1998 PROPN flr-162 57 39 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 40 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 57 41 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 42 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 57 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 44 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 57 45 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 46 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 57 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 48 rosoff rosoff NOUN flr-162 57 49 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 50 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 57 51 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 52 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 57 53 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 54 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 57 55 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 57 56 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 57 davis davis PROPN flr-162 57 58 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 59 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 57 60 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 57 61 as as ADV flr-162 57 62 well well ADV flr-162 57 63 as as ADP flr-162 57 64 his his PRON flr-162 57 65 or or CCONJ flr-162 57 66 her her PRON flr-162 57 67 students student NOUN flr-162 57 68 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 57 69 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 57 70 in in ADP flr-162 57 71 school school NOUN flr-162 57 72 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 57 73 bates bates PROPN flr-162 57 74 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 75 latham latham PROPN flr-162 57 76 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 77 kim kim PROPN flr-162 57 78 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 79 2011 2011 NUM flr-162 57 80 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 81 muijs muijs PROPN flr-162 57 82 & & CCONJ flr-162 57 83 rejnolds rejnold NOUN flr-162 57 84 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 85 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 57 86 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 57 87 ross ross PROPN flr-162 57 88 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 89 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 57 90 , , PUNCT flr-162 57 91 1998 1998 NUM flr-162 57 92 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 57 93 . . PUNCT flr-162 58 1 against against ADP flr-162 58 2 this this DET flr-162 58 3 background background NOUN flr-162 58 4 it it PRON flr-162 58 5 becomes become VERB flr-162 58 6 evident evident ADJ flr-162 58 7 that that SCONJ flr-162 58 8 the the DET flr-162 58 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 58 10 of of ADP flr-162 58 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 58 12 are be AUX flr-162 58 13 an an DET flr-162 58 14 important important ADJ flr-162 58 15 issue issue NOUN flr-162 58 16 for for ADP flr-162 58 17 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 58 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 58 19 learning learning NOUN flr-162 58 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 59 1 the the DET flr-162 59 2 definitions definition NOUN flr-162 59 3 above above ADP flr-162 59 4 show show VERB flr-162 59 5 that that SCONJ flr-162 59 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 59 7 are be AUX flr-162 59 8 always always ADV flr-162 59 9 perceived perceive VERB flr-162 59 10 to to PART flr-162 59 11 be be AUX flr-162 59 12 correct correct ADJ flr-162 59 13 by by ADP flr-162 59 14 the the DET flr-162 59 15 individual individual NOUN flr-162 59 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 60 1 however however ADV flr-162 60 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 60 3 this this PRON flr-162 60 4 is be AUX flr-162 60 5 not not PART flr-162 60 6 necessarily necessarily ADV flr-162 60 7 the the DET flr-162 60 8 case case NOUN flr-162 60 9 : : PUNCT flr-162 60 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 60 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 60 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 60 13 – – PUNCT flr-162 60 14 as as ADP flr-162 60 15 a a DET flr-162 60 16 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-162 60 17 of of ADP flr-162 60 18 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 60 19 in in ADP flr-162 60 20 general general ADJ flr-162 60 21 – – PUNCT flr-162 60 22 are be AUX flr-162 60 23 especially especially ADV flr-162 60 24 likely likely ADJ flr-162 60 25 to to PART flr-162 60 26 be be AUX flr-162 60 27 flawed flaw VERB flr-162 60 28 in in ADP flr-162 60 29 the the DET flr-162 60 30 sense sense NOUN flr-162 60 31 that that SCONJ flr-162 60 32 they they PRON flr-162 60 33 contradict contradict VERB flr-162 60 34 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 60 35 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 60 36 . . PUNCT flr-162 61 1 in in ADP flr-162 61 2 the the DET flr-162 61 3 following following NOUN flr-162 61 4 we we PRON flr-162 61 5 discuss discuss VERB flr-162 61 6 why why SCONJ flr-162 61 7 this this PRON flr-162 61 8 is be AUX flr-162 61 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 61 10 in in ADP flr-162 61 11 what what DET flr-162 61 12 way way NOUN flr-162 61 13 it it PRON flr-162 61 14 can can AUX flr-162 61 15 lead lead VERB flr-162 61 16 to to ADP flr-162 61 17 substantial substantial ADJ flr-162 61 18 problems problem NOUN flr-162 61 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 61 20 in in ADP flr-162 61 21 particular particular ADJ flr-162 61 22 for for ADP flr-162 61 23 novice novice NOUN flr-162 61 24 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 61 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 62 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 62 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 62 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 62 4 are be AUX flr-162 62 5 highly highly ADV flr-162 62 6 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 62 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 62 8 tend tend VERB flr-162 62 9 to to PART flr-162 62 10 be be AUX flr-162 62 11 persistent persistent ADJ flr-162 62 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 62 13 develop develop VERB flr-162 62 14 at at ADP flr-162 62 15 a a DET flr-162 62 16 rather rather ADV flr-162 62 17 early early ADJ flr-162 62 18 stage stage NOUN flr-162 62 19 in in ADP flr-162 62 20 life life NOUN flr-162 62 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 62 22 lortie lortie NOUN flr-162 62 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 62 24 1975 1975 NUM flr-162 62 25 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 62 26 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 62 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 62 28 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 62 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 62 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 63 1 this this PRON flr-162 63 2 is be AUX flr-162 63 3 partly partly ADV flr-162 63 4 due due ADJ flr-162 63 5 to to ADP flr-162 63 6 the the DET flr-162 63 7 long long ADJ flr-162 63 8 - - PUNCT flr-162 63 9 term term NOUN flr-162 63 10 experience experience NOUN flr-162 63 11 with with ADP flr-162 63 12 schools school NOUN flr-162 63 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 63 14 classrooms classroom NOUN flr-162 63 15 during during ADP flr-162 63 16 a a DET flr-162 63 17 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 63 18 ’s ’s PART flr-162 63 19 own own ADJ flr-162 63 20 time time NOUN flr-162 63 21 as as ADP flr-162 63 22 a a DET flr-162 63 23 student student NOUN flr-162 63 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 63 25 which which PRON flr-162 63 26 serves serve VERB flr-162 63 27 as as ADP flr-162 63 28 the the DET flr-162 63 29 starting starting NOUN flr-162 63 30 point point NOUN flr-162 63 31 of of ADP flr-162 63 32 his his PRON flr-162 63 33 or or CCONJ flr-162 63 34 her her PRON flr-162 63 35 training training NOUN flr-162 63 36 and and CCONJ flr-162 63 37 career career NOUN flr-162 63 38 . . PUNCT flr-162 64 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 64 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 64 3 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 64 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 64 5 calls call VERB flr-162 64 6 this this DET flr-162 64 7 relatively relatively ADV flr-162 64 8 stable stable ADJ flr-162 64 9 system system NOUN flr-162 64 10 of of ADP flr-162 64 11 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 64 12 the the DET flr-162 64 13 “ " PUNCT flr-162 64 14 grammar grammar NOUN flr-162 64 15 of of ADP flr-162 64 16 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 64 17 ” " PUNCT flr-162 64 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 64 19 p. p. NOUN flr-162 64 20 5 5 NUM flr-162 64 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 64 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 65 1 it it PRON flr-162 65 2 contains contain VERB flr-162 65 3 tacit tacit ADJ flr-162 65 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 65 5 simplified simplified ADJ flr-162 65 6 notions notion NOUN flr-162 65 7 of of ADP flr-162 65 8 what what PRON flr-162 65 9 a a DET flr-162 65 10 good good ADJ flr-162 65 11 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 65 12 is be AUX flr-162 65 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 65 14 how how SCONJ flr-162 65 15 students student NOUN flr-162 65 16 are be AUX flr-162 65 17 supposed suppose VERB flr-162 65 18 to to PART flr-162 65 19 behave behave VERB flr-162 65 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 65 21 clark clark NOUN flr-162 65 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 65 23 1988 1988 NUM flr-162 65 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 65 25 nespor nespor NOUN flr-162 65 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 65 27 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 65 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 65 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 66 1 as as ADP flr-162 66 2 such such ADJ flr-162 66 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 66 4 this this DET flr-162 66 5 belief belief NOUN flr-162 66 6 system system NOUN flr-162 66 7 often often ADV flr-162 66 8 diverges diverge VERB flr-162 66 9 from from ADP flr-162 66 10 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 66 11 findings finding NOUN flr-162 66 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 66 13 can can AUX flr-162 66 14 fatally fatally ADV flr-162 66 15 influence influence VERB flr-162 66 16 the the DET flr-162 66 17 process process NOUN flr-162 66 18 of of ADP flr-162 66 19 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 66 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 66 21 kunter kunter NOUN flr-162 66 22 & & CCONJ flr-162 66 23 pohlmann pohlmann NOUN flr-162 66 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 66 25 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 66 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 66 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 67 1 understanding understanding NOUN flr-162 67 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 67 3 challenging challenge VERB flr-162 67 4 one one NUM flr-162 67 5 ’s ’s PART flr-162 67 6 own own ADJ flr-162 67 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 67 8 is be AUX flr-162 67 9 therefore therefore ADV flr-162 67 10 considered consider VERB flr-162 67 11 an an DET flr-162 67 12 important important ADJ flr-162 67 13 aspect aspect NOUN flr-162 67 14 of of ADP flr-162 67 15 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 67 16 qualification qualification NOUN flr-162 67 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 67 18 bromme bromme NOUN flr-162 67 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 67 20 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 67 21 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 67 22 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 67 23 - - PUNCT flr-162 67 24 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 67 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 67 26 davis davis PROPN flr-162 67 27 & & CCONJ flr-162 67 28 pape pape NOUN flr-162 67 29 , , PUNCT flr-162 67 30 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 67 31 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 67 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 68 1 however however ADV flr-162 68 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 68 3 this this PRON flr-162 68 4 does do AUX flr-162 68 5 not not PART flr-162 68 6 seem seem VERB flr-162 68 7 to to PART flr-162 68 8 be be AUX flr-162 68 9 an an DET flr-162 68 10 easy easy ADJ flr-162 68 11 task task NOUN flr-162 68 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 68 13 since since SCONJ flr-162 68 14 not not PART flr-162 68 15 even even ADV flr-162 68 16 the the DET flr-162 68 17 confrontation confrontation NOUN flr-162 68 18 with with ADP flr-162 68 19 dissonance dissonance NOUN flr-162 68 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 68 21 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 68 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 68 23 induced induce VERB flr-162 68 24 by by ADP flr-162 68 25 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 68 26 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 68 27 that that PRON flr-162 68 28 contrasts contrast VERB flr-162 68 29 one one NUM flr-162 68 30 ’s ’s PART flr-162 68 31 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 68 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 68 33 necessarily necessarily ADV flr-162 68 34 leads lead VERB flr-162 68 35 to to ADP flr-162 68 36 a a DET flr-162 68 37 corresponding correspond VERB flr-162 68 38 change change NOUN flr-162 68 39 in in ADP flr-162 68 40 beliefs beliefs PROPN flr-162 68 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 68 42 hart hart PROPN flr-162 68 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 68 44 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 68 45 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 68 46 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 68 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 68 48 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 68 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 68 50 . . PUNCT flr-162 69 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 69 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 69 3 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 69 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 69 5 claims claim VERB flr-162 69 6 that that SCONJ flr-162 69 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 69 8 experience experience VERB flr-162 69 9 almost almost ADV flr-162 69 10 everything everything PRON flr-162 69 11 they they PRON flr-162 69 12 do do VERB flr-162 69 13 in in ADP flr-162 69 14 the the DET flr-162 69 15 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 69 16 to to PART flr-162 69 17 have have VERB flr-162 69 18 a a DET flr-162 69 19 positive positive ADJ flr-162 69 20 influence influence NOUN flr-162 69 21 on on ADP flr-162 69 22 their their PRON flr-162 69 23 students student NOUN flr-162 69 24 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 69 25 learning learning NOUN flr-162 69 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 70 1 the the DET flr-162 70 2 remarkable remarkable ADJ flr-162 70 3 differences difference NOUN flr-162 70 4 in in ADP flr-162 70 5 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 70 6 of of ADP flr-162 70 7 their their PRON flr-162 70 8 efforts effort NOUN flr-162 70 9 are be AUX flr-162 70 10 easily easily ADV flr-162 70 11 overlooked overlook VERB flr-162 70 12 due due ADP flr-162 70 13 to to ADP flr-162 70 14 the the DET flr-162 70 15 lack lack NOUN flr-162 70 16 of of ADP flr-162 70 17 firsthand firsthand ADJ flr-162 70 18 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 70 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 70 20 since since SCONJ flr-162 70 21 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 70 22 are be AUX flr-162 70 23 usually usually ADV flr-162 70 24 confined confine VERB flr-162 70 25 to to ADP flr-162 70 26 their their PRON flr-162 70 27 own own ADJ flr-162 70 28 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 70 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 71 1 they they PRON flr-162 71 2 see see VERB flr-162 71 3 that that SCONJ flr-162 71 4 what what PRON flr-162 71 5 they they PRON flr-162 71 6 do do AUX flr-162 71 7 seems seem VERB flr-162 71 8 to to PART flr-162 71 9 work work VERB flr-162 71 10 fine fine ADV flr-162 71 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 71 12 as as ADP flr-162 71 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 71 14 almost almost ADV flr-162 71 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 71 16 everything everything PRON flr-162 71 17 a a DET flr-162 71 18 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 71 19 does do AUX flr-162 71 20 leads lead VERB flr-162 71 21 to to ADP flr-162 71 22 an an DET flr-162 71 23 increase increase NOUN flr-162 71 24 in in ADP flr-162 71 25 students student NOUN flr-162 71 26 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 71 27 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 71 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 72 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 72 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 72 3 there there PRON flr-162 72 4 is be VERB flr-162 72 5 always always ADV flr-162 72 6 anecdotal anecdotal ADJ flr-162 72 7 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 72 8 for for ADP flr-162 72 9 the the DET flr-162 72 10 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 72 11 of of ADP flr-162 72 12 certain certain ADJ flr-162 72 13 methods method NOUN flr-162 72 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 72 15 even even ADV flr-162 72 16 though though SCONJ flr-162 72 17 the the DET flr-162 72 18 actual actual ADJ flr-162 72 19 extent extent NOUN flr-162 72 20 to to PART flr-162 72 21 which which PRON flr-162 72 22 they they PRON flr-162 72 23 support support VERB flr-162 72 24 students student NOUN flr-162 72 25 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 72 26 learning learn VERB flr-162 72 27 often often ADV flr-162 72 28 differs differ VERB flr-162 72 29 dramatically dramatically ADV flr-162 72 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 73 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 73 2 describes describe VERB flr-162 73 3 this this DET flr-162 73 4 basic basic ADJ flr-162 73 5 principle principle NOUN flr-162 73 6 of of ADP flr-162 73 7 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 73 8 as as SCONJ flr-162 73 9 “ " PUNCT flr-162 73 10 just just ADV flr-162 73 11 leave leave VERB flr-162 73 12 me i PRON flr-162 73 13 alone alone ADJ flr-162 73 14 as as SCONJ flr-162 73 15 i i PRON flr-162 73 16 have have VERB flr-162 73 17 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 73 18 that that SCONJ flr-162 73 19 what what PRON flr-162 73 20 i i PRON flr-162 73 21 do do AUX flr-162 73 22 enhances enhance VERB flr-162 73 23 learning learn VERB flr-162 73 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 73 25 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 73 26 ” " PUNCT flr-162 73 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 73 28 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 73 29 , , PUNCT flr-162 73 30 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 73 31 , , PUNCT flr-162 73 32 p. p. NOUN flr-162 73 33 6 6 NUM flr-162 73 34 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 73 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 74 1 admittedly admittedly ADV flr-162 74 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 74 3 this this PRON flr-162 74 4 is be AUX flr-162 74 5 a a DET flr-162 74 6 rather rather ADV flr-162 74 7 simplified simplified ADJ flr-162 74 8 account account NOUN flr-162 74 9 of of ADP flr-162 74 10     SPACE flr-162 74 11 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 74 12     SPACE flr-162 74 13 et et PROPN flr-162 74 14     SPACE flr-162 74 15 al al PROPN flr-162 74 16     SPACE flr-162 74 17 f f PROPN flr-162 74 18     SPACE flr-162 75 1 | | ADV flr-162 75 2 f f NOUN flr-162 75 3 l l NOUN flr-162 75 4 r r NOUN flr-162 75 5         SPACE flr-162 75 6 30 30 NUM flr-162 75 7     SPACE flr-162 75 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 75 9 ’ ’ PART flr-162 75 10 self self NOUN flr-162 75 11 - - PUNCT flr-162 75 12 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 75 13 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 75 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 76 1 most most ADJ flr-162 76 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 76 3 indeed indeed ADV flr-162 76 4 struggle struggle VERB flr-162 76 5 with with ADP flr-162 76 6 the the DET flr-162 76 7 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 76 8 methods method NOUN flr-162 76 9 they they PRON flr-162 76 10 use use VERB flr-162 76 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 76 12 try try VERB flr-162 76 13 out out ADP flr-162 76 14 new new ADJ flr-162 76 15 things thing NOUN flr-162 76 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 76 17 reflect reflect VERB flr-162 76 18 whether whether SCONJ flr-162 76 19 or or CCONJ flr-162 76 20 not not PART flr-162 76 21 they they PRON flr-162 76 22 seem seem VERB flr-162 76 23 to to PART flr-162 76 24 be be AUX flr-162 76 25 working work VERB flr-162 76 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 77 1 however however ADV flr-162 77 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 77 3 they they PRON flr-162 77 4 often often ADV flr-162 77 5 do do VERB flr-162 77 6 this this PRON flr-162 77 7 within within ADP flr-162 77 8 their their PRON flr-162 77 9 own own ADJ flr-162 77 10 frame frame NOUN flr-162 77 11 of of ADP flr-162 77 12 reference reference NOUN flr-162 77 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 77 14 not not PART flr-162 77 15 based base VERB flr-162 77 16 on on ADP flr-162 77 17 research research NOUN flr-162 77 18 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 77 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 78 1 the the DET flr-162 78 2 fact fact NOUN flr-162 78 3 that that SCONJ flr-162 78 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 78 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 78 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 78 7 do do AUX flr-162 78 8 not not PART flr-162 78 9 necessarily necessarily ADV flr-162 78 10 coincide coincide VERB flr-162 78 11 with with ADP flr-162 78 12 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 78 13 findings finding NOUN flr-162 78 14 can can AUX flr-162 78 15 be be AUX flr-162 78 16 problematic problematic ADJ flr-162 78 17 if if SCONJ flr-162 78 18 not not PART flr-162 78 19 reflected reflect VERB flr-162 78 20 thoroughly thoroughly ADV flr-162 78 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 79 1 especially especially ADV flr-162 79 2 novices novice NOUN flr-162 79 3 can can AUX flr-162 79 4 have have VERB flr-162 79 5 inadequate inadequate ADJ flr-162 79 6 notions notion NOUN flr-162 79 7 of of ADP flr-162 79 8 what what PRON flr-162 79 9 constitutes constitute VERB flr-162 79 10 good good ADJ flr-162 79 11 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 79 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 80 1 weinstein weinstein PROPN flr-162 80 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 80 3 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 80 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 80 5 found find VERB flr-162 80 6 that that SCONJ flr-162 80 7 on on ADP flr-162 80 8 average average ADJ flr-162 80 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 80 10 pre pre ADJ flr-162 80 11 - - ADJ flr-162 80 12 service service ADJ flr-162 80 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 80 14 overestimate overestimate PROPN flr-162 80 15 affective affective PROPN flr-162 80 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 80 17 social social ADJ flr-162 80 18 variables variable NOUN flr-162 80 19 of of ADP flr-162 80 20 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 80 21 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 80 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 80 23 such such ADJ flr-162 80 24 as as ADP flr-162 80 25 patience patience NOUN flr-162 80 26 and and CCONJ flr-162 80 27 the the DET flr-162 80 28 ability ability NOUN flr-162 80 29 to to PART flr-162 80 30 relate relate VERB flr-162 80 31 to to ADP flr-162 80 32 children child NOUN flr-162 80 33 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 80 34 and and CCONJ flr-162 80 35 underestimate underestimate ADJ flr-162 80 36 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 80 37 and and CCONJ flr-162 80 38 academic academic ADJ flr-162 80 39 variables variable NOUN flr-162 80 40 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 80 41 such such ADJ flr-162 80 42 as as ADP flr-162 80 43 organization organization NOUN flr-162 80 44 and and CCONJ flr-162 80 45 challenging challenging ADJ flr-162 80 46 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 80 47 . . PUNCT flr-162 81 1 however however ADV flr-162 81 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 81 3 when when SCONJ flr-162 81 4 contrasted contrast VERB flr-162 81 5 with with ADP flr-162 81 6 the the DET flr-162 81 7 perspectives perspective NOUN flr-162 81 8 of of ADP flr-162 81 9 educational educational ADJ flr-162 81 10 policy policy NOUN flr-162 81 11 makers maker NOUN flr-162 81 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 81 13 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 81 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 81 15 in in ADP flr-162 81 16 - - PUNCT flr-162 81 17 service service NOUN flr-162 81 18 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 81 19 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 81 20 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 81 21 seem seem VERB flr-162 81 22 very very ADV flr-162 81 23 similar similar ADJ flr-162 81 24 to to ADP flr-162 81 25 those those PRON flr-162 81 26 of of ADP flr-162 81 27 their their PRON flr-162 81 28 less less ADV flr-162 81 29 experienced experienced ADJ flr-162 81 30 colleagues colleague NOUN flr-162 81 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 82 1 while while SCONJ flr-162 82 2 the the DET flr-162 82 3 former former ADJ flr-162 82 4 two two NUM flr-162 82 5 speak speak NOUN flr-162 82 6 of of ADP flr-162 82 7 good good ADJ flr-162 82 8 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 82 9 in in ADP flr-162 82 10 terms term NOUN flr-162 82 11 of of ADP flr-162 82 12 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 82 13 in in ADP flr-162 82 14 standardized standardized ADJ flr-162 82 15 assessment assessment NOUN flr-162 82 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 82 17 direct direct ADJ flr-162 82 18 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 82 19 models model NOUN flr-162 82 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 82 21 policy policy NOUN flr-162 82 22 makers maker NOUN flr-162 82 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 82 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 82 25 as as ADV flr-162 82 26 well well ADV flr-162 82 27 as as ADP flr-162 82 28 ‘ ' PUNCT flr-162 82 29 masterful masterful ADJ flr-162 82 30 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 82 31 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 82 32 with with ADP flr-162 82 33 a a DET flr-162 82 34 whole whole ADJ flr-162 82 35 set set NOUN flr-162 82 36 of of ADP flr-162 82 37 well well ADV flr-162 82 38 - - PUNCT flr-162 82 39 defined define VERB flr-162 82 40 professional professional ADJ flr-162 82 41 skills skill NOUN flr-162 82 42 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 82 43 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 82 44 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 82 45 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 82 46 shulman shulman NOUN flr-162 82 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 82 48 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 82 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 82 50 , , PUNCT flr-162 82 51 the the DET flr-162 82 52 latter latter ADJ flr-162 82 53 two two NUM flr-162 82 54 have have VERB flr-162 82 55 a a DET flr-162 82 56 notion notion NOUN flr-162 82 57 of of ADP flr-162 82 58 ‘ ' PUNCT flr-162 82 59 good good ADJ flr-162 82 60 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 82 61 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 82 62 that that PRON flr-162 82 63 can can AUX flr-162 82 64 be be AUX flr-162 82 65 described describe VERB flr-162 82 66 as as ADP flr-162 82 67 “ " PUNCT flr-162 82 68 warm warm ADJ flr-162 82 69 , , PUNCT flr-162 82 70 caring caring ADJ flr-162 82 71 individuals individual NOUN flr-162 82 72 who who PRON flr-162 82 73 enjoy enjoy VERB flr-162 82 74 working work VERB flr-162 82 75 with with ADP flr-162 82 76 children child NOUN flr-162 82 77 ” " PUNCT flr-162 82 78 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 82 79 weinstein weinstein NOUN flr-162 82 80 , , PUNCT flr-162 82 81 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 82 82 , , PUNCT flr-162 82 83 p. p. NOUN flr-162 82 84 59 59 NUM flr-162 82 85 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 82 86 . . PUNCT flr-162 83 1 hogan hogan PROPN flr-162 83 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 83 3 rabinowitz rabinowitz PROPN flr-162 83 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 83 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 83 6 craven craven NOUN flr-162 83 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 83 8 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 83 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 83 10 compared compare VERB flr-162 83 11 novice novice NOUN flr-162 83 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 83 13 expert expert NOUN flr-162 83 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 83 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 83 16 found find VERB flr-162 83 17 that that PRON flr-162 83 18 student student NOUN flr-162 83 19 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 83 20 was be AUX flr-162 83 21 important important ADJ flr-162 83 22 for for ADP flr-162 83 23 expert expert NOUN flr-162 83 24 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 83 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 83 26 while while SCONJ flr-162 83 27 novice novice NOUN flr-162 83 28 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 83 29 paid pay VERB flr-162 83 30 more more ADJ flr-162 83 31 attention attention NOUN flr-162 83 32 to to ADP flr-162 83 33 student student NOUN flr-162 83 34 interest interest NOUN flr-162 83 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 84 1 1.2 1.2 NUM flr-162 84 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 84 3 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 84 4 professional professional ADJ flr-162 84 5 competence competence NOUN flr-162 84 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 84 7 training training NOUN flr-162 84 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 84 9 professional professional ADJ flr-162 84 10 development development NOUN flr-162 84 11 are be AUX flr-162 84 12 central central ADJ flr-162 84 13 issues issue NOUN flr-162 84 14 in in ADP flr-162 84 15 the the DET flr-162 84 16 international international ADJ flr-162 84 17 discussion discussion NOUN flr-162 84 18 on on ADP flr-162 84 19 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 84 20 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 84 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 84 22 bauer bauer PROPN flr-162 84 23 & & CCONJ flr-162 84 24 prenzel prenzel PROPN flr-162 84 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 84 26 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 84 27 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 84 28 cochran cochran NOUN flr-162 84 29 - - PUNCT flr-162 84 30 smith smith PROPN flr-162 84 31 & & CCONJ flr-162 84 32 zeichner zeichner PROPN flr-162 84 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 84 34 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 84 35 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 84 36 darling darling NOUN flr-162 84 37 - - PUNCT flr-162 84 38 hammond hammond PROPN flr-162 84 39 & & CCONJ flr-162 84 40 bransford bransford PROPN flr-162 84 41 , , PUNCT flr-162 84 42 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 84 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 84 44 . . PUNCT flr-162 85 1 the the DET flr-162 85 2 development development NOUN flr-162 85 3 of of ADP flr-162 85 4 standards standard NOUN flr-162 85 5 in in ADP flr-162 85 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 85 7 education education NOUN flr-162 85 8 requires require VERB flr-162 85 9 an an DET flr-162 85 10 explicit explicit ADJ flr-162 85 11 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 85 12 of of ADP flr-162 85 13 challenges challenge NOUN flr-162 85 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 85 15 face face VERB flr-162 85 16 in in ADP flr-162 85 17 their their PRON flr-162 85 18 everyday everyday ADJ flr-162 85 19 professional professional ADJ flr-162 85 20 life life NOUN flr-162 85 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 86 1 moreover moreover ADV flr-162 86 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 86 3 it it PRON flr-162 86 4 demands demand VERB flr-162 86 5 a a DET flr-162 86 6 specification specification NOUN flr-162 86 7 of of ADP flr-162 86 8 competences competence NOUN flr-162 86 9 necessary necessary ADJ flr-162 86 10 to to PART flr-162 86 11 master master VERB flr-162 86 12 these these DET flr-162 86 13 challenges challenge NOUN flr-162 86 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 87 1 the the DET flr-162 87 2 quest quest NOUN flr-162 87 3 for for ADP flr-162 87 4 the the DET flr-162 87 5 good good ADJ flr-162 87 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 87 7 is be AUX flr-162 87 8 not not PART flr-162 87 9 new new ADJ flr-162 87 10 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 87 11 however however ADV flr-162 87 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 13 the the DET flr-162 87 14 specific specific ADJ flr-162 87 15 facets facet NOUN flr-162 87 16 of of ADP flr-162 87 17 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 87 18 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 87 19 professional professional ADJ flr-162 87 20 competence competence NOUN flr-162 87 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 87 22 the the DET flr-162 87 23 premise premise NOUN flr-162 87 24 that that SCONJ flr-162 87 25 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 87 26 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 87 27 cognitions cognition NOUN flr-162 87 28 are be AUX flr-162 87 29 modifiable modifiable ADJ flr-162 87 30 by by ADP flr-162 87 31 means mean NOUN flr-162 87 32 of of ADP flr-162 87 33 training training NOUN flr-162 87 34 are be AUX flr-162 87 35 direct direct ADJ flr-162 87 36 results result NOUN flr-162 87 37 of of ADP flr-162 87 38 a a DET flr-162 87 39 relatively relatively ADV flr-162 87 40 recent recent ADJ flr-162 87 41 objective objective NOUN flr-162 87 42 in in ADP flr-162 87 43 teacher(-education teacher(-education NOUN flr-162 87 44 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 87 45 research research NOUN flr-162 87 46 : : PUNCT flr-162 87 47 the the DET flr-162 87 48 expert(-novice expert(-novice PROPN flr-162 87 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 87 50 paradigm paradigm NOUN flr-162 87 51 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 87 52 berliner berliner NOUN flr-162 87 53 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 54 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 87 55 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 87 56 bromme bromme NOUN flr-162 87 57 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 58 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 87 59 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 60 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 87 61 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 87 62 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 87 63 & & CCONJ flr-162 87 64 lehmann lehmann PROPN flr-162 87 65 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 66 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 87 67 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 87 68 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 87 69 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 70 charness charness PROPN flr-162 87 71 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 72 feltovich feltovich PROPN flr-162 87 73 & & CCONJ flr-162 87 74 hoffman hoffman PROPN flr-162 87 75 , , PUNCT flr-162 87 76 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 87 77 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 87 78 . . PUNCT flr-162 88 1 accordingly accordingly ADV flr-162 88 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 88 3 this this DET flr-162 88 4 paper paper NOUN flr-162 88 5 is be AUX flr-162 88 6 based base VERB flr-162 88 7 on on ADP flr-162 88 8 the the DET flr-162 88 9 central central ADJ flr-162 88 10 assumptions assumption NOUN flr-162 88 11 that that SCONJ flr-162 88 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 88 13 a a X flr-162 88 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 88 15 good good ADJ flr-162 88 16 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 88 17 are be AUX flr-162 88 18 experts expert NOUN flr-162 88 19 of of ADP flr-162 88 20 learning learning NOUN flr-162 88 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 88 22 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 88 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 88 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 88 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 88 26 b b X flr-162 88 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 88 28 they they PRON flr-162 88 29 achieve achieve VERB flr-162 88 30 this this DET flr-162 88 31 expertise expertise NOUN flr-162 88 32 in in ADP flr-162 88 33 the the DET flr-162 88 34 form form NOUN flr-162 88 35 of of ADP flr-162 88 36 professional professional ADJ flr-162 88 37 competence competence NOUN flr-162 88 38 through through ADP flr-162 88 39 continuous continuous ADJ flr-162 88 40 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 88 41 education education NOUN flr-162 88 42 and and CCONJ flr-162 88 43 professional professional ADJ flr-162 88 44 experience experience NOUN flr-162 88 45 . . PUNCT flr-162 89 1 experts expert NOUN flr-162 89 2 are be AUX flr-162 89 3 roughly roughly ADV flr-162 89 4 defined define VERB flr-162 89 5 as as ADP flr-162 89 6 “ " PUNCT flr-162 89 7 individuals individual NOUN flr-162 89 8 who who PRON flr-162 89 9 exhibit exhibit VERB flr-162 89 10 reproducibly reproducibly ADV flr-162 89 11 superior superior ADJ flr-162 89 12 performance performance NOUN flr-162 89 13 on on ADP flr-162 89 14 representative representative NOUN flr-162 89 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 89 16 authentic authentic ADJ flr-162 89 17 tasks task NOUN flr-162 89 18 in in ADP flr-162 89 19 their their PRON flr-162 89 20 field field NOUN flr-162 89 21 ” " PUNCT flr-162 89 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 89 23 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 89 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 89 25 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 89 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 89 27 p. p. NOUN flr-162 89 28 688 688 NUM flr-162 89 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 89 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 90 1 it it PRON flr-162 90 2 is be AUX flr-162 90 3 assumed assume VERB flr-162 90 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 90 5 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 90 6 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 90 7 expertise expertise NOUN flr-162 90 8 or or CCONJ flr-162 90 9 professional professional ADJ flr-162 90 10 competence competence NOUN flr-162 90 11 is be AUX flr-162 90 12 acquired acquire VERB flr-162 90 13 throughout throughout ADP flr-162 90 14 preand preand NOUN flr-162 90 15 in in ADP flr-162 90 16 - - PUNCT flr-162 90 17 service service NOUN flr-162 90 18 training training NOUN flr-162 90 19 as as ADV flr-162 90 20 well well ADV flr-162 90 21 as as ADP flr-162 90 22 by by ADP flr-162 90 23 hands hand NOUN flr-162 90 24 - - PUNCT flr-162 90 25 on on ADP flr-162 90 26 experience experience NOUN flr-162 90 27 in in ADP flr-162 90 28 the the DET flr-162 90 29 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 90 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 90 31 berliner berliner NOUN flr-162 90 32 , , PUNCT flr-162 90 33 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 90 34 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 90 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 91 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 91 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 91 3 professional professional ADJ flr-162 91 4 competence competence NOUN flr-162 91 5 is be AUX flr-162 91 6 usually usually ADV flr-162 91 7 represented represent VERB flr-162 91 8 as as ADP flr-162 91 9 a a DET flr-162 91 10 multi multi ADJ flr-162 91 11 - - ADJ flr-162 91 12 dimensional dimensional ADJ flr-162 91 13 construct construct NOUN flr-162 91 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 92 1 as as ADP flr-162 92 2 such such ADJ flr-162 92 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 4 based base VERB flr-162 92 5 on on ADP flr-162 92 6 the the DET flr-162 92 7 five five NUM flr-162 92 8 core core NOUN flr-162 92 9 propositions proposition NOUN flr-162 92 10 of of ADP flr-162 92 11 the the DET flr-162 92 12 national national PROPN flr-162 92 13 board board PROPN flr-162 92 14 for for ADP flr-162 92 15 professional professional ADJ flr-162 92 16 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 92 17 standards standard NOUN flr-162 92 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 19 nbpts nbpt NOUN flr-162 92 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 22 baumert baumert NOUN flr-162 92 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 92 24 kunter kunter NOUN flr-162 92 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 26 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 92 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 28 proposed propose VERB flr-162 92 29 a a DET flr-162 92 30 model model NOUN flr-162 92 31 of of ADP flr-162 92 32 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 92 33 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 92 34 professional professional ADJ flr-162 92 35 action action NOUN flr-162 92 36 competence competence NOUN flr-162 92 37 with with ADP flr-162 92 38 four four NUM flr-162 92 39 non non ADJ flr-162 92 40 - - ADJ flr-162 92 41 hierarchical hierarchical ADJ flr-162 92 42 dimensions dimension NOUN flr-162 92 43 : : PUNCT flr-162 92 44 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 45 1 1 X flr-162 92 46 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 47 specific specific ADJ flr-162 92 48 declarative declarative NOUN flr-162 92 49 and and CCONJ flr-162 92 50 procedural procedural ADJ flr-162 92 51 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 92 52 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 53 which which PRON flr-162 92 54 further far ADV flr-162 92 55 distinguishes distinguish VERB flr-162 92 56 between between ADP flr-162 92 57 content content NOUN flr-162 92 58 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 92 59 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 60 ck ck NOUN flr-162 92 61 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 62 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 63 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-162 92 64 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 92 65 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 66 pk pk NOUN flr-162 92 67 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 68 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 69 and and CCONJ flr-162 92 70 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-162 92 71 content content NOUN flr-162 92 72 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 92 73 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 74 pck pck PROPN flr-162 92 75 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 76 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 77 shulman shulman NOUN flr-162 92 78 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 79 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 92 80 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 81 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 92 82 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 83 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 92 84 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 85 2 2 X flr-162 92 86 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 87 professional professional ADJ flr-162 92 88 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 92 89 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 90 values value NOUN flr-162 92 91 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 92 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 92 93 theories theory NOUN flr-162 92 94 , , PUNCT flr-162 92 95 normative normative ADJ flr-162 92 96 preferences preference NOUN flr-162 92 97 and and CCONJ flr-162 92 98 objectives objective NOUN flr-162 92 99 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 92 100 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 101 3 3 X flr-162 92 102 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 103 motivational motivational ADJ flr-162 92 104 orientations orientation NOUN flr-162 92 105 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 92 106 and and CCONJ flr-162 92 107 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 92 108 4 4 X flr-162 92 109 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 92 110 meta meta ADJ flr-162 92 111 - - PUNCT flr-162 92 112 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 92 113 skills skill NOUN flr-162 92 114 and and CCONJ flr-162 92 115 professional professional ADJ flr-162 92 116 self self NOUN flr-162 92 117 - - PUNCT flr-162 92 118 regulation regulation NOUN flr-162 92 119 . . PUNCT flr-162 93 1 in in ADP flr-162 93 2 line line NOUN flr-162 93 3 with with ADP flr-162 93 4 the the DET flr-162 93 5 expert(-novice expert(-novice NOUN flr-162 93 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 93 7 paradigm paradigm NOUN flr-162 93 8 we we PRON flr-162 93 9 assume assume VERB flr-162 93 10 that that SCONJ flr-162 93 11 all all PRON flr-162 93 12 of of ADP flr-162 93 13 these these DET flr-162 93 14 competencies competency NOUN flr-162 93 15 are be AUX flr-162 93 16 subject subject ADJ flr-162 93 17 to to ADP flr-162 93 18 change change NOUN flr-162 93 19 throughout throughout ADP flr-162 93 20 a a DET flr-162 93 21 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 93 22 ’s ’s PART flr-162 93 23 professional professional ADJ flr-162 93 24 life life NOUN flr-162 93 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 94 1 the the DET flr-162 94 2 boundaries boundary NOUN flr-162 94 3 between between ADP flr-162 94 4 these these DET flr-162 94 5 categories category NOUN flr-162 94 6 of of ADP flr-162 94 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 94 8 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 94 9 cognition cognition NOUN flr-162 94 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 94 11 however however ADV flr-162 94 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 94 13 are be AUX flr-162 94 14 more more ADV flr-162 94 15 or or CCONJ flr-162 94 16 less less ADV flr-162 94 17 fuzzy fuzzy ADJ flr-162 94 18 : : PUNCT flr-162 94 19 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 94 20 – – PUNCT flr-162 94 21 pk pk NOUN flr-162 94 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 94 23 pck pck PROPN flr-162 94 24 in in ADP flr-162 94 25 particular particular ADJ flr-162 94 26 – – PUNCT flr-162 94 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 94 28 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 94 29 are be AUX flr-162 94 30 strongly strongly ADV flr-162 94 31 interrelated interrelated ADJ flr-162 94 32 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 94 33 constructs construct NOUN flr-162 94 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 94 35 even even ADV flr-162 94 36 though though SCONJ flr-162 94 37 they they PRON flr-162 94 38 rely rely VERB flr-162 94 39 on on ADP flr-162 94 40 dissimilar dissimilar ADJ flr-162 94 41 epistemological epistemological ADJ flr-162 94 42 notions notion NOUN flr-162 94 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 94 44 as as SCONJ flr-162 94 45 „ „ PUNCT flr-162 94 46 belief belief NOUN flr-162 94 47 is be AUX flr-162 94 48 based base VERB flr-162 94 49 on on ADP flr-162 94 50 evaluation evaluation NOUN flr-162 94 51 and and CCONJ flr-162 94 52 judgment judgment NOUN flr-162 94 53 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 94 54 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 94 55 is be AUX flr-162 94 56 based base VERB flr-162 94 57 on on ADP flr-162 94 58 objective objective ADJ flr-162 94 59 fact fact NOUN flr-162 94 60 “ " PUNCT flr-162 94 61 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 94 62 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 94 63 , , PUNCT flr-162 94 64 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 94 65 , , PUNCT flr-162 94 66 p. p. NOUN flr-162 94 67 313 313 NUM flr-162 94 68 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 94 69 . . PUNCT flr-162 95 1 one one NUM flr-162 95 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 95 3 the the DET flr-162 95 4 same same ADJ flr-162 95 5 response response NOUN flr-162 95 6 to to ADP flr-162 95 7 a a DET flr-162 95 8 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-162 95 9 question question NOUN flr-162 95 10 can can AUX flr-162 95 11 either either CCONJ flr-162 95 12 demonstrate demonstrate VERB flr-162 95 13 well well ADV flr-162 95 14 - - PUNCT flr-162 95 15 founded found VERB flr-162 95 16 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 95 17 or or CCONJ flr-162 95 18 it it PRON flr-162 95 19 can can AUX flr-162 95 20 be be AUX flr-162 95 21 based base VERB flr-162 95 22 on on ADP flr-162 95 23 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 95 24 belief belief NOUN flr-162 95 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 96 1 the the DET flr-162 96 2 two two NUM flr-162 96 3 answers answer NOUN flr-162 96 4 may may AUX flr-162 96 5 differ differ VERB flr-162 96 6 in in ADP flr-162 96 7 their their PRON flr-162 96 8 epistemological epistemological ADJ flr-162 96 9 status status NOUN flr-162 96 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 96 11 though though SCONJ flr-162 96 12 their their PRON flr-162 96 13 distinction distinction NOUN flr-162 96 14 – – PUNCT flr-162 96 15 philosophically philosophically ADV flr-162 96 16 speaking speak VERB flr-162 96 17 – – PUNCT flr-162 96 18 is be AUX flr-162 96 19 a a DET flr-162 96 20 mere mere ADJ flr-162 96 21 social social ADJ flr-162 96 22 construct construct NOUN flr-162 96 23 : : PUNCT flr-162 96 24 leatham leatham NOUN flr-162 96 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 96 26 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 96 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 96 28 argues argue VERB flr-162 96 29 that that SCONJ flr-162 96 30 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 96 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 96 32 things thing NOUN flr-162 96 33 we we PRON flr-162 96 34 just just ADV flr-162 96 35 believe believe VERB flr-162 96 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 96 37 and and CCONJ flr-162 96 38 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 96 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 96 40 things thing NOUN flr-162 96 41 we we PRON flr-162 96 42     SPACE flr-162 96 43 fleckenstein fleckenstein VERB flr-162 96 44     SPACE flr-162 96 45 et et PROPN flr-162 96 46     SPACE flr-162 96 47 al al PROPN flr-162 96 48     SPACE flr-162 96 49 f f PROPN flr-162 96 50     SPACE flr-162 97 1 | | ADV flr-162 97 2 f f NOUN flr-162 97 3 l l NOUN flr-162 97 4 r r NOUN flr-162 97 5         SPACE flr-162 97 6 31 31 NUM flr-162 97 7     SPACE flr-162 97 8 more more ADJ flr-162 97 9 than than SCONJ flr-162 97 10 believe believe VERB flr-162 97 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 97 12 can can AUX flr-162 97 13 be be AUX flr-162 97 14 viewed view VERB flr-162 97 15 as as ADP flr-162 97 16 complementary complementary ADJ flr-162 97 17 subsets subset NOUN flr-162 97 18 of of ADP flr-162 97 19 the the DET flr-162 97 20 things thing NOUN flr-162 97 21 we we PRON flr-162 97 22 believe believe VERB flr-162 97 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 98 1 in in ADP flr-162 98 2 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 98 3 to to ADP flr-162 98 4 belief belief NOUN flr-162 98 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 98 6 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 98 7 is be AUX flr-162 98 8 characterized characterize VERB flr-162 98 9 by by ADP flr-162 98 10 a a DET flr-162 98 11 higher high ADJ flr-162 98 12 degree degree NOUN flr-162 98 13 of of ADP flr-162 98 14 certainty certainty NOUN flr-162 98 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 98 16 for for ADP flr-162 98 17 example example NOUN flr-162 98 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 98 19 by by ADP flr-162 98 20 being be AUX flr-162 98 21 grounded ground VERB flr-162 98 22 in in ADP flr-162 98 23 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 98 24 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 98 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 99 1 in in ADP flr-162 99 2 many many ADJ flr-162 99 3 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 99 4 studies study NOUN flr-162 99 5 on on ADP flr-162 99 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 99 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 99 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 99 9 however however ADV flr-162 99 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 99 11 the the DET flr-162 99 12 distinction distinction NOUN flr-162 99 13 between between ADP flr-162 99 14 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 99 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 99 16 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 99 17 is be AUX flr-162 99 18 rather rather ADV flr-162 99 19 blurry blurry ADJ flr-162 99 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 100 1 it it PRON flr-162 100 2 is be AUX flr-162 100 3 very very ADV flr-162 100 4 difficult difficult ADJ flr-162 100 5 to to PART flr-162 100 6 distinguish distinguish VERB flr-162 100 7 whether whether SCONJ flr-162 100 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 100 9 refer refer VERB flr-162 100 10 to to ADP flr-162 100 11 their their PRON flr-162 100 12 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 100 13 or or CCONJ flr-162 100 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 100 15 when when SCONJ flr-162 100 16 they they PRON flr-162 100 17 plan plan VERB flr-162 100 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 100 19 make make VERB flr-162 100 20 decisions decision NOUN flr-162 100 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 100 22 or or CCONJ flr-162 100 23 act act VERB flr-162 100 24 in in ADP flr-162 100 25 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 100 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 100 27 verloop verloop NOUN flr-162 100 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 100 29 van van NOUN flr-162 100 30 driel driel NOUN flr-162 100 31 , , PUNCT flr-162 100 32 & & CCONJ flr-162 100 33 miejer miejer PROPN flr-162 100 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 100 35 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 100 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 100 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 101 1 in in ADP flr-162 101 2 the the DET flr-162 101 3 present present ADJ flr-162 101 4 study study NOUN flr-162 101 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 101 6 we we PRON flr-162 101 7 use use VERB flr-162 101 8 the the DET flr-162 101 9 concept concept NOUN flr-162 101 10 of of ADP flr-162 101 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 101 12 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 101 13 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 101 14 to to PART flr-162 101 15 refer refer VERB flr-162 101 16 to to ADP flr-162 101 17 cognitions cognition NOUN flr-162 101 18 of of ADP flr-162 101 19 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 101 20 that that PRON flr-162 101 21 are be AUX flr-162 101 22 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 101 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 101 24 normative normative ADJ flr-162 101 25 in in ADP flr-162 101 26 nature nature NOUN flr-162 101 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 101 28 while while SCONJ flr-162 101 29 they they PRON flr-162 101 30 may may AUX flr-162 101 31 or or CCONJ flr-162 101 32 may may AUX flr-162 101 33 not not PART flr-162 101 34 coincide coincide VERB flr-162 101 35 with with ADP flr-162 101 36 the the DET flr-162 101 37 more more ADV flr-162 101 38 objective objective ADJ flr-162 101 39 construct construct NOUN flr-162 101 40 of of ADP flr-162 101 41 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 101 42 . . PUNCT flr-162 102 1 1.3 1.3 NUM flr-162 102 2 school school NOUN flr-162 102 3 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 102 4 research research VERB flr-162 102 5 the the DET flr-162 102 6 present present ADJ flr-162 102 7 study study NOUN flr-162 102 8 deals deal NOUN flr-162 102 9 with with ADP flr-162 102 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 102 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 102 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 102 13 concerning concern VERB flr-162 102 14 factors factor NOUN flr-162 102 15 of of ADP flr-162 102 16 school school NOUN flr-162 102 17 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 102 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 103 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 103 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 103 3 in in ADP flr-162 103 4 the the DET flr-162 103 5 following following NOUN flr-162 103 6 we we PRON flr-162 103 7 briefly briefly ADV flr-162 103 8 summarize summarize VERB flr-162 103 9 the the DET flr-162 103 10 central central ADJ flr-162 103 11 findings finding NOUN flr-162 103 12 of of ADP flr-162 103 13 school school NOUN flr-162 103 14 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 103 15 research research NOUN flr-162 103 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 104 1 we we PRON flr-162 104 2 focus focus VERB flr-162 104 3 on on ADP flr-162 104 4 proximal proximal ADJ flr-162 104 5 vs. vs. X flr-162 104 6 distal distal ADJ flr-162 104 7 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 104 8 of of ADP flr-162 104 9 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 104 10 as as SCONJ flr-162 104 11 there there PRON flr-162 104 12 is be VERB flr-162 104 13 a a DET flr-162 104 14 broad broad ADJ flr-162 104 15 consensus consensus NOUN flr-162 104 16 concerning concern VERB flr-162 104 17 this this DET flr-162 104 18 dichotomy dichotomy NOUN flr-162 104 19 in in ADP flr-162 104 20 the the DET flr-162 104 21 literature literature NOUN flr-162 104 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 105 1 the the DET flr-162 105 2 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 105 3 performed perform VERB flr-162 105 4 in in ADP flr-162 105 5 this this DET flr-162 105 6 paper paper NOUN flr-162 105 7 focus focus NOUN flr-162 105 8 on on ADP flr-162 105 9 the the DET flr-162 105 10 broad broad ADJ flr-162 105 11 categories category NOUN flr-162 105 12 school school NOUN flr-162 105 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 105 14 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 105 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 105 16 student student NOUN flr-162 105 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 105 18 so so SCONJ flr-162 105 19 we we PRON flr-162 105 20 aim aim VERB flr-162 105 21 at at ADP flr-162 105 22 summarizing summarize VERB flr-162 105 23 the the DET flr-162 105 24 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ flr-162 105 25 literature literature NOUN flr-162 105 26 in in ADP flr-162 105 27 school school NOUN flr-162 105 28 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 105 29 research research NOUN flr-162 105 30 on on ADP flr-162 105 31 this this DET flr-162 105 32 rather rather ADV flr-162 105 33 general general ADJ flr-162 105 34 level level NOUN flr-162 105 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 106 1 subsequently subsequently ADV flr-162 106 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 106 3 we we PRON flr-162 106 4 give give VERB flr-162 106 5 a a DET flr-162 106 6 more more ADV flr-162 106 7 detailed detailed ADJ flr-162 106 8 overview overview NOUN flr-162 106 9 of of ADP flr-162 106 10 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 106 11 ’s ’s PART flr-162 106 12 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 106 13 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 106 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 106 15 concentrating concentrate VERB flr-162 106 16 on on ADP flr-162 106 17 those those DET flr-162 106 18 variables variable NOUN flr-162 106 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 106 20 categories category NOUN flr-162 106 21 that that PRON flr-162 106 22 were be AUX flr-162 106 23 used use VERB flr-162 106 24 in in ADP flr-162 106 25 our our PRON flr-162 106 26 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-162 106 27 to to PART flr-162 106 28 elicit elicit VERB flr-162 106 29 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 106 30 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 106 31 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 106 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 107 1 in in ADP flr-162 107 2 the the DET flr-162 107 3 last last ADJ flr-162 107 4 few few ADJ flr-162 107 5 decades decade NOUN flr-162 107 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 107 7 increased increase VERB flr-162 107 8 efforts effort NOUN flr-162 107 9 were be AUX flr-162 107 10 made make VERB flr-162 107 11 in in ADP flr-162 107 12 school school NOUN flr-162 107 13 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 107 14 research research NOUN flr-162 107 15 to to PART flr-162 107 16 study study VERB flr-162 107 17 the the DET flr-162 107 18 importance importance NOUN flr-162 107 19 of of ADP flr-162 107 20 a a DET flr-162 107 21 range range NOUN flr-162 107 22 of of ADP flr-162 107 23 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 107 24 on on ADP flr-162 107 25 successful successful ADJ flr-162 107 26 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 107 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 108 1 the the DET flr-162 108 2 question question NOUN flr-162 108 3 of of ADP flr-162 108 4 what what PRON flr-162 108 5 works work VERB flr-162 108 6 in in ADP flr-162 108 7 school school NOUN flr-162 108 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 108 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 108 10 what what PRON flr-162 108 11 does do AUX flr-162 108 12 not not PART flr-162 108 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 108 14 has have AUX flr-162 108 15 been be AUX flr-162 108 16 the the DET flr-162 108 17 central central ADJ flr-162 108 18 issue issue NOUN flr-162 108 19 of of ADP flr-162 108 20 a a DET flr-162 108 21 number number NOUN flr-162 108 22 of of ADP flr-162 108 23 meta meta ADJ flr-162 108 24 - - PUNCT flr-162 108 25 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 108 26 and and CCONJ flr-162 108 27 research research NOUN flr-162 108 28 syntheses synthesis NOUN flr-162 108 29 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 108 30 coleman coleman PROPN flr-162 108 31 et et PROPN flr-162 108 32 al al PROPN flr-162 108 33 . . PROPN flr-162 108 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 35 1966 1966 NUM flr-162 108 36 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 37 fraser fraser PROPN flr-162 108 38 et et PROPN flr-162 108 39 al al PROPN flr-162 108 40 . . PROPN flr-162 108 41 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 42 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 108 43 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 44 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 108 45 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 46 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 108 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 48 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 108 49 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 50 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 108 51 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 52 jencks jenck NOUN flr-162 108 53 et et PROPN flr-162 108 54 al al PROPN flr-162 108 55 . . PROPN flr-162 108 56 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 57 1973 1973 NUM flr-162 108 58 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 59 scheerens scheerens PROPN flr-162 108 60 & & CCONJ flr-162 108 61 bosker bosker NOUN flr-162 108 62 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 63 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 108 64 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 65 seidel seidel PROPN flr-162 108 66 & & CCONJ flr-162 108 67 shavelson shavelson PROPN flr-162 108 68 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 69 2007 2007 NUM flr-162 108 70 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 71 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 108 72 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 73 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 108 74 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 108 75 wang wang PROPN flr-162 108 76 et et PROPN flr-162 108 77 al al PROPN flr-162 108 78 . . PROPN flr-162 108 79 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 80 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 108 81 , , PUNCT flr-162 108 82 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 108 83 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 108 84 . . PUNCT flr-162 109 1 those those DET flr-162 109 2 studies study NOUN flr-162 109 3 do do AUX flr-162 109 4 not not PART flr-162 109 5 always always ADV flr-162 109 6 agree agree VERB flr-162 109 7 on on ADP flr-162 109 8 the the DET flr-162 109 9 specific specific ADJ flr-162 109 10 size size NOUN flr-162 109 11 of of ADP flr-162 109 12 an an DET flr-162 109 13 effect effect NOUN flr-162 109 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 109 15 however however ADV flr-162 109 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 109 17 there there PRON flr-162 109 18 is be VERB flr-162 109 19 a a DET flr-162 109 20 general general ADJ flr-162 109 21 tendency tendency NOUN flr-162 109 22 with with ADP flr-162 109 23 regards regard NOUN flr-162 109 24 to to ADP flr-162 109 25 certain certain ADJ flr-162 109 26 factors factor NOUN flr-162 109 27 of of ADP flr-162 109 28 school school NOUN flr-162 109 29 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 109 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 110 1 in in ADP flr-162 110 2 general general ADJ flr-162 110 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 110 4 the the DET flr-162 110 5 majority majority NOUN flr-162 110 6 of of ADP flr-162 110 7 these these DET flr-162 110 8 studies study NOUN flr-162 110 9 suggest suggest VERB flr-162 110 10 that that SCONJ flr-162 110 11 the the DET flr-162 110 12 amount amount NOUN flr-162 110 13 of of ADP flr-162 110 14 variance variance NOUN flr-162 110 15 explained explain VERB flr-162 110 16 by by ADP flr-162 110 17 proximal proximal ADJ flr-162 110 18 – – PUNCT flr-162 110 19 schoolor schoolor NOUN flr-162 110 20 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 110 21 - - PUNCT flr-162 110 22 related relate VERB flr-162 110 23 – – PUNCT flr-162 110 24 variables variable NOUN flr-162 110 25 is be AUX flr-162 110 26 considerable considerable ADJ flr-162 110 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 110 28 and and CCONJ flr-162 110 29 has have VERB flr-162 110 30 a a DET flr-162 110 31 greater great ADJ flr-162 110 32 influence influence NOUN flr-162 110 33 on on ADP flr-162 110 34 student student NOUN flr-162 110 35 learning learning NOUN flr-162 110 36 than than ADP flr-162 110 37 more more ADJ flr-162 110 38 distal distal ADJ flr-162 110 39 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 110 40 such such ADJ flr-162 110 41 as as ADP flr-162 110 42 school school NOUN flr-162 110 43 system system NOUN flr-162 110 44 and and CCONJ flr-162 110 45 educational educational ADJ flr-162 110 46 policy policy NOUN flr-162 110 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 110 48 seidel seidel PROPN flr-162 110 49 & & CCONJ flr-162 110 50 shavelson shavelson PROPN flr-162 110 51 , , PUNCT flr-162 110 52 2007 2007 NUM flr-162 110 53 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 110 54 . . PUNCT flr-162 111 1 the the DET flr-162 111 2 general general ADJ flr-162 111 3 emphasis emphasis NOUN flr-162 111 4 on on ADP flr-162 111 5 proximal proximal ADJ flr-162 111 6 variables variable NOUN flr-162 111 7 was be AUX flr-162 111 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 111 9 for for ADP flr-162 111 10 example example NOUN flr-162 111 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 111 12 shown show VERB flr-162 111 13 by by ADP flr-162 111 14 scheerens scheeren NOUN flr-162 111 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 111 16 bosker bosker NOUN flr-162 111 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 111 18 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 111 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 111 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 112 1 they they PRON flr-162 112 2 combined combine VERB flr-162 112 3 the the DET flr-162 112 4 results result NOUN flr-162 112 5 of of ADP flr-162 112 6 three three NUM flr-162 112 7 meta meta NOUN flr-162 112 8 - - PUNCT flr-162 112 9 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 112 10 as as ADV flr-162 112 11 well well ADV flr-162 112 12 as as ADP flr-162 112 13 a a DET flr-162 112 14 re re NOUN flr-162 112 15 - - NOUN flr-162 112 16 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 112 17 of of ADP flr-162 112 18 an an DET flr-162 112 19 international international ADJ flr-162 112 20 data datum NOUN flr-162 112 21 set set VERB flr-162 112 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 112 23 found find VERB flr-162 112 24 that that SCONJ flr-162 112 25 school school NOUN flr-162 112 26 - - PUNCT flr-162 112 27 organizational organizational ADJ flr-162 112 28 factors factor NOUN flr-162 112 29 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 112 30 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 112 31 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 32 monitoring/ monitoring/ NUM flr-162 112 33 evaluation evaluation NOUN flr-162 112 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 35 orderly orderly ADJ flr-162 112 36 climate climate NOUN flr-162 112 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 112 38 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 39 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 112 40 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 112 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 112 42 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 112 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 44 opportunity opportunity NOUN flr-162 112 45 to to PART flr-162 112 46 learn learn VERB flr-162 112 47 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 48 homework homework NOUN flr-162 112 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 112 50 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 51 and and CCONJ flr-162 112 52 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 112 53 of of ADP flr-162 112 54 structured structured ADJ flr-162 112 55 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 112 56 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 112 57 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 112 58 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 59 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 112 60 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 61 cooperative cooperative ADJ flr-162 112 62 learning learning NOUN flr-162 112 63 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 112 64 are be AUX flr-162 112 65 a a DET flr-162 112 66 better well ADJ flr-162 112 67 explanation explanation NOUN flr-162 112 68 for for ADP flr-162 112 69 the the DET flr-162 112 70 differences difference NOUN flr-162 112 71 between between ADP flr-162 112 72 the the DET flr-162 112 73 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 112 74 of of ADP flr-162 112 75 students student NOUN flr-162 112 76 than than ADP flr-162 112 77 more more ADJ flr-162 112 78 distal distal ADJ flr-162 112 79 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 112 80 such such ADJ flr-162 112 81 as as ADP flr-162 112 82 resource resource NOUN flr-162 112 83 input input NOUN flr-162 112 84 factors factor NOUN flr-162 112 85 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 112 86 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 112 87 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 88 student student NOUN flr-162 112 89 - - PUNCT flr-162 112 90 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 112 91 ratio ratio NOUN flr-162 112 92 , , PUNCT flr-162 112 93 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 112 94 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 112 95 salary salary NOUN flr-162 112 96 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 112 97 . . PUNCT flr-162 113 1 moreover moreover ADV flr-162 113 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 113 3 the the DET flr-162 113 4 rank rank NOUN flr-162 113 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 113 6 ordering ordering NOUN flr-162 113 7 presented present VERB flr-162 113 8 by by ADP flr-162 113 9 wang wang PROPN flr-162 113 10 et et PROPN flr-162 113 11 al al PROPN flr-162 113 12 . . PROPN flr-162 114 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 114 2 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 114 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 114 4 put put VERB flr-162 114 5 student student NOUN flr-162 114 6 characteristics characteristic NOUN flr-162 114 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 114 8 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 114 9 practices practice NOUN flr-162 114 10 ahead ahead ADV flr-162 114 11 of of ADP flr-162 114 12 design design NOUN flr-162 114 13 of of ADP flr-162 114 14 program program NOUN flr-162 114 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 114 16 school school NOUN flr-162 114 17 demographics demographic NOUN flr-162 114 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 115 1 they they PRON flr-162 115 2 found find VERB flr-162 115 3 particularly particularly ADV flr-162 115 4 strong strong ADJ flr-162 115 5 effects effect NOUN flr-162 115 6 for for ADP flr-162 115 7 the the DET flr-162 115 8 variables variable NOUN flr-162 115 9 meta meta ADJ flr-162 115 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 115 11 cognition cognition NOUN flr-162 115 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 115 13 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 115 14 management management NOUN flr-162 115 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 115 16 quantity quantity NOUN flr-162 115 17 of of ADP flr-162 115 18 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 115 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 116 1 fraser fraser PROPN flr-162 116 2 et et PROPN flr-162 116 3 al al PROPN flr-162 116 4 . . PROPN flr-162 117 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 117 2 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 117 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 117 4 found find VERB flr-162 117 5 the the DET flr-162 117 6 highest high ADJ flr-162 117 7 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 117 8 with with ADP flr-162 117 9 performance performance NOUN flr-162 117 10 tests test NOUN flr-162 117 11 for for ADP flr-162 117 12 variables variable NOUN flr-162 117 13 related relate VERB flr-162 117 14 to to ADP flr-162 117 15 student student NOUN flr-162 117 16 characteristics characteristic NOUN flr-162 117 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 117 18 especially especially ADV flr-162 117 19 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 117 20 ones one NOUN flr-162 117 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 117 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 117 23 learning learn VERB flr-162 117 24 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 117 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 117 26 and and CCONJ flr-162 117 27 structured structure VERB flr-162 117 28 or or CCONJ flr-162 117 29 direct direct ADJ flr-162 117 30 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 117 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 118 1 the the DET flr-162 118 2 results result NOUN flr-162 118 3 also also ADV flr-162 118 4 revealed reveal VERB flr-162 118 5 that that SCONJ flr-162 118 6 open open ADJ flr-162 118 7 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 118 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 118 9 individualization individualization NOUN flr-162 118 10 are be AUX flr-162 118 11 less less ADV flr-162 118 12 powerful powerful ADJ flr-162 118 13 factors factor NOUN flr-162 118 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 118 15 at at ADP flr-162 118 16 least least ADJ flr-162 118 17 when when SCONJ flr-162 118 18 the the DET flr-162 118 19 dependent dependent ADJ flr-162 118 20 variable variable NOUN flr-162 118 21 is be AUX flr-162 118 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 118 23 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 118 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 118 25 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 118 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 119 1 similar similar ADJ flr-162 119 2 findings finding NOUN flr-162 119 3 were be AUX flr-162 119 4 shown show VERB flr-162 119 5 by by ADP flr-162 119 6 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 119 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 119 8 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 119 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 119 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 120 1 there there PRON flr-162 120 2 have have AUX flr-162 120 3 been be AUX flr-162 120 4 many many ADJ flr-162 120 5 attempts attempt NOUN flr-162 120 6 to to PART flr-162 120 7 find find VERB flr-162 120 8 a a DET flr-162 120 9 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ flr-162 120 10 consensus consensus NOUN flr-162 120 11 with with ADP flr-162 120 12 regards regard NOUN flr-162 120 13 to to ADP flr-162 120 14 the the DET flr-162 120 15 effects effect NOUN flr-162 120 16 of of ADP flr-162 120 17 certain certain ADJ flr-162 120 18 factors factor NOUN flr-162 120 19 of of ADP flr-162 120 20 school school NOUN flr-162 120 21 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 120 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 121 1 scheerens scheeren NOUN flr-162 121 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 121 3 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 121 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 121 5 presented present VERB flr-162 121 6 the the DET flr-162 121 7 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 121 8 enhancing enhance VERB flr-162 121 9 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 121 10 of of ADP flr-162 121 11 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 121 12 in in ADP flr-162 121 13 five five NUM flr-162 121 14 review review NOUN flr-162 121 15 studies study NOUN flr-162 121 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 121 17 cotton cotton NOUN flr-162 121 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 19 1995 1995 NUM flr-162 121 20 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 121 21 levine levine PROPN flr-162 121 22 & & CCONJ flr-162 121 23 lezotte lezotte PROPN flr-162 121 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 25 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 121 26 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 121 27 purkey purkey PROPN flr-162 121 28 & & CCONJ flr-162 121 29 smith smith PROPN flr-162 121 30 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 31 1983 1983 NUM flr-162 121 32 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 121 33 sammons sammon NOUN flr-162 121 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 35 hillman hillman PROPN flr-162 121 36 & & CCONJ flr-162 121 37 mortimore mortimore NOUN flr-162 121 38 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 39 1995 1995 NUM flr-162 121 40 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 121 41 scheerens scheeren NOUN flr-162 121 42 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 43 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 121 44 ): ): PUNCT flr-162 121 45 a a DET flr-162 121 46 consensus consensus NOUN flr-162 121 47 was be AUX flr-162 121 48 reached reach VERB flr-162 121 49 with with ADP flr-162 121 50 respect respect NOUN flr-162 121 51 to to ADP flr-162 121 52 many many ADJ flr-162 121 53 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 121 54 - - PUNCT flr-162 121 55 related relate VERB flr-162 121 56 factors factor NOUN flr-162 121 57 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 58 such such ADJ flr-162 121 59 as as ADP flr-162 121 60 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 121 61 orientation orientation NOUN flr-162 121 62 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 63 high high ADJ flr-162 121 64 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 121 65 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 66 frequent frequent ADJ flr-162 121 67 testing/ testing/ NUM flr-162 121 68 monitoring monitoring NOUN flr-162 121 69 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 70 professional professional ADJ flr-162 121 71 development development NOUN flr-162 121 72 , , PUNCT flr-162 121 73 and and CCONJ flr-162 121 74 structured structure VERB flr-162 121 75 or or CCONJ flr-162 121 76 purposeful purposeful ADJ flr-162 121 77 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 121 78 . . PUNCT flr-162 122 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 122 2 ’s ’s PART flr-162 122 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 122 4 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 122 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 122 6 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 122 7 of of ADP flr-162 122 8 over over ADP flr-162 122 9 800 800 NUM flr-162 122 10 meta meta ADJ flr-162 122 11 - - PUNCT flr-162 122 12 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 122 13 was be AUX flr-162 122 14 one one NUM flr-162 122 15 of of ADP flr-162 122 16 the the DET flr-162 122 17 most most ADV flr-162 122 18 recent recent ADJ flr-162 122 19 milestones milestone NOUN flr-162 122 20 in in ADP flr-162 122 21 school school NOUN flr-162 122 22 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 122 23 research research NOUN flr-162 122 24 : : PUNCT flr-162 122 25 52,637 52,637 NUM flr-162 122 26 individual individual ADJ flr-162 122 27 studies study NOUN flr-162 122 28 with with ADP flr-162 122 29 over over ADP flr-162 122 30 83 83 NUM flr-162 122 31 million million NUM flr-162 122 32 students student NOUN flr-162 122 33 were be AUX flr-162 122 34 used use VERB flr-162 122 35 in in ADP flr-162 122 36 order order NOUN flr-162 122 37 to to PART flr-162 122 38 determine determine VERB flr-162 122 39 the the DET flr-162 122 40 relevance relevance NOUN flr-162 122 41 of of ADP flr-162 122 42 138 138 NUM flr-162 122 43 factors factor NOUN flr-162 122 44 for for ADP flr-162 122 45 student student NOUN flr-162 122 46 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 122 47 . . PUNCT flr-162 123 1 for for ADP flr-162 123 2 each each PRON flr-162 123 3 of of ADP flr-162 123 4 these these DET flr-162 123 5 factors factor NOUN flr-162 123 6 he he PRON flr-162 123 7 determined determine VERB flr-162 123 8     SPACE flr-162 123 9 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 123 10     SPACE flr-162 123 11 et et PROPN flr-162 123 12     SPACE flr-162 123 13 al al PROPN flr-162 123 14     SPACE flr-162 123 15 f f PROPN flr-162 123 16     SPACE flr-162 124 1 | | ADV flr-162 124 2 f f NOUN flr-162 124 3 l l NOUN flr-162 124 4 r r NOUN flr-162 124 5         SPACE flr-162 124 6 32 32 NUM flr-162 124 7     SPACE flr-162 124 8 cohen cohen PROPN flr-162 124 9 ’s ’s PART flr-162 124 10 d d PROPN flr-162 124 11 as as ADP flr-162 124 12 the the DET flr-162 124 13 averaged average VERB flr-162 124 14 effect effect NOUN flr-162 124 15 size size NOUN flr-162 124 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 125 1 as as ADP flr-162 125 2 a a DET flr-162 125 3 convention convention NOUN flr-162 125 4 in in ADP flr-162 125 5 the the DET flr-162 125 6 school school NOUN flr-162 125 7 context context NOUN flr-162 125 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 125 9 effect effect NOUN flr-162 125 10 sizes size NOUN flr-162 125 11 of of ADP flr-162 125 12 d d PROPN flr-162 125 13 > > X flr-162 125 14 .40 .40 NUM flr-162 125 15 are be AUX flr-162 125 16 considered consider VERB flr-162 125 17 substantial substantial ADJ flr-162 125 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 125 19 since since SCONJ flr-162 125 20 this this PRON flr-162 125 21 would would AUX flr-162 125 22 imply imply VERB flr-162 125 23 greater great ADJ flr-162 125 24 effects effect NOUN flr-162 125 25 than than ADP flr-162 125 26 one one NUM flr-162 125 27 year year NOUN flr-162 125 28 of of ADP flr-162 125 29 average average ADJ flr-162 125 30 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 125 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 125 32 köller köller NOUN flr-162 125 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 125 34 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 125 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 125 36 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 125 37 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 125 38 calls call VERB flr-162 125 39 this this PRON flr-162 125 40 the the DET flr-162 125 41 zone zone NOUN flr-162 125 42 of of ADP flr-162 125 43 desired desire VERB flr-162 125 44 effects effect NOUN flr-162 125 45 . . PUNCT flr-162 126 1 hence hence ADV flr-162 126 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 126 3 the the DET flr-162 126 4 point point NOUN flr-162 126 5 of of ADP flr-162 126 6 reference reference NOUN flr-162 126 7 for for ADP flr-162 126 8 the the DET flr-162 126 9 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 126 10 of of ADP flr-162 126 11 an an DET flr-162 126 12 innovation innovation NOUN flr-162 126 13 is be AUX flr-162 126 14 not not PART flr-162 126 15 d d NOUN flr-162 126 16 = = SYM flr-162 126 17 0 0 NUM flr-162 126 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 126 19 but but CCONJ flr-162 126 20 d d NOUN flr-162 126 21 = = SYM flr-162 126 22 .40 .40 PROPN flr-162 126 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 127 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 127 2 ’s ’s PART flr-162 127 3 results result NOUN flr-162 127 4 were be AUX flr-162 127 5 largely largely ADV flr-162 127 6 in in ADP flr-162 127 7 line line NOUN flr-162 127 8 with with ADP flr-162 127 9 the the DET flr-162 127 10 prior prior ADJ flr-162 127 11 findings finding NOUN flr-162 127 12 in in ADP flr-162 127 13 school school NOUN flr-162 127 14 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 127 15 research research NOUN flr-162 127 16 as as SCONJ flr-162 127 17 described describe VERB flr-162 127 18 in in ADP flr-162 127 19 the the DET flr-162 127 20 preceding precede VERB flr-162 127 21 paragraphs paragraph NOUN flr-162 127 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 128 1 he he PRON flr-162 128 2 systematized systematize VERB flr-162 128 3 the the DET flr-162 128 4 individual individual ADJ flr-162 128 5 factors factor NOUN flr-162 128 6 according accord VERB flr-162 128 7 to to ADP flr-162 128 8 six six NUM flr-162 128 9 superordinate superordinate ADJ flr-162 128 10 categories category NOUN flr-162 128 11 : : PUNCT flr-162 128 12 student student NOUN flr-162 128 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 128 14 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 128 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 128 16 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 128 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 128 18 curriculum curriculum NOUN flr-162 128 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 128 20 school school NOUN flr-162 128 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 128 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 128 23 family family NOUN flr-162 128 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 129 1 the the DET flr-162 129 2 central central ADJ flr-162 129 3 results result NOUN flr-162 129 4 can can AUX flr-162 129 5 be be AUX flr-162 129 6 summarized summarize VERB flr-162 129 7 as as SCONJ flr-162 129 8 follows follow VERB flr-162 129 9 : : PUNCT flr-162 129 10 more more ADJ flr-162 129 11 or or CCONJ flr-162 129 12 less less ADV flr-162 129 13 ineffective ineffective ADJ flr-162 129 14 factors factor NOUN flr-162 129 15 with with ADP flr-162 129 16 d d X flr-162 129 17 < < X flr-162 129 18 .40 .40 NUM flr-162 129 19 were be AUX flr-162 129 20 primarily primarily ADV flr-162 129 21 infrastructural infrastructural ADJ flr-162 129 22 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 129 23 of of ADP flr-162 129 24 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 129 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 129 26 such such ADJ flr-162 129 27 as as ADP flr-162 129 28 withinor withinor NOUN flr-162 129 29 between between ADP flr-162 129 30 - - PUNCT flr-162 129 31 class class NOUN flr-162 129 32 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 129 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 129 34 finances finance NOUN flr-162 129 35 , , PUNCT flr-162 129 36 and and CCONJ flr-162 129 37 reduction reduction NOUN flr-162 129 38 of of ADP flr-162 129 39 class class NOUN flr-162 129 40 size size NOUN flr-162 129 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 130 1 moreover moreover ADV flr-162 130 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 130 3 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 130 4 of of ADP flr-162 130 5 the the DET flr-162 130 6 surface surface NOUN flr-162 130 7 structure structure NOUN flr-162 130 8 of of ADP flr-162 130 9 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 130 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 130 11 which which PRON flr-162 130 12 is be AUX flr-162 130 13 often often ADV flr-162 130 14 associated associate VERB flr-162 130 15 with with ADP flr-162 130 16 progressive progressive ADJ flr-162 130 17 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 130 18 approaches approach NOUN flr-162 130 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 130 20 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 130 21 open open ADJ flr-162 130 22 learning learning NOUN flr-162 130 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 130 24 multi multi ADJ flr-162 130 25 - - ADJ flr-162 130 26 grade/-age grade/-age ADJ flr-162 130 27 classes class NOUN flr-162 130 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 130 29 team team NOUN flr-162 130 30 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 130 31 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 130 32 , , PUNCT flr-162 130 33 did do AUX flr-162 130 34 not not PART flr-162 130 35 show show VERB flr-162 130 36 to to PART flr-162 130 37 be be AUX flr-162 130 38 very very ADV flr-162 130 39 effective effective ADJ flr-162 130 40 either either ADV flr-162 130 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 131 1 these these DET flr-162 131 2 results result NOUN flr-162 131 3 may may AUX flr-162 131 4 be be AUX flr-162 131 5 surprising surprising ADJ flr-162 131 6 considering consider VERB flr-162 131 7 the the DET flr-162 131 8 socio socio NOUN flr-162 131 9 - - PUNCT flr-162 131 10 political political ADJ flr-162 131 11 discourse discourse NOUN flr-162 131 12 on on ADP flr-162 131 13 education education NOUN flr-162 131 14 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 131 15 however however ADV flr-162 131 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 131 17 against against ADP flr-162 131 18 the the DET flr-162 131 19 background background NOUN flr-162 131 20 of of ADP flr-162 131 21 modern modern ADJ flr-162 131 22 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 131 23 research research NOUN flr-162 131 24 they they PRON flr-162 131 25 are be AUX flr-162 131 26 to to PART flr-162 131 27 be be AUX flr-162 131 28 expected expect VERB flr-162 131 29 : : PUNCT flr-162 131 30 research research NOUN flr-162 131 31 has have AUX flr-162 131 32 shown show VERB flr-162 131 33 that that SCONJ flr-162 131 34 successful successful ADJ flr-162 131 35 learning learning NOUN flr-162 131 36 can can AUX flr-162 131 37 be be AUX flr-162 131 38 better well ADV flr-162 131 39 predicted predict VERB flr-162 131 40 by by ADP flr-162 131 41 the the DET flr-162 131 42 deep deep ADJ flr-162 131 43 structure structure NOUN flr-162 131 44 of of ADP flr-162 131 45 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 131 46 and and CCONJ flr-162 131 47 learning learning NOUN flr-162 131 48 than than ADP flr-162 131 49 by by ADP flr-162 131 50 the the DET flr-162 131 51 surface surface NOUN flr-162 131 52 structure structure NOUN flr-162 131 53 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 131 54 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 131 55 , , PUNCT flr-162 131 56 seidel seidel PROPN flr-162 131 57 & & CCONJ flr-162 131 58 shavelson shavelson PROPN flr-162 131 59 , , PUNCT flr-162 131 60 2007 2007 NUM flr-162 131 61 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 131 62 . . PUNCT flr-162 132 1 the the DET flr-162 132 2 latter latter ADJ flr-162 132 3 can can AUX flr-162 132 4 be be AUX flr-162 132 5 observed observe VERB flr-162 132 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 132 7 described describe VERB flr-162 132 8 without without ADP flr-162 132 9 much much ADJ flr-162 132 10 effort effort NOUN flr-162 132 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 132 12 while while SCONJ flr-162 132 13 the the DET flr-162 132 14 former former ADJ flr-162 132 15 requires require VERB flr-162 132 16 more more ADV flr-162 132 17 elaborate elaborate ADJ flr-162 132 18 assessment assessment NOUN flr-162 132 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 133 1 the the DET flr-162 133 2 use use NOUN flr-162 133 3 of of ADP flr-162 133 4 surface surface NOUN flr-162 133 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 133 6 structure structure NOUN flr-162 133 7 learning learning NOUN flr-162 133 8 methods method NOUN flr-162 133 9 is be AUX flr-162 133 10 not not PART flr-162 133 11 beneficial beneficial ADJ flr-162 133 12 by by ADP flr-162 133 13 itself itself PRON flr-162 133 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 133 15 but but CCONJ flr-162 133 16 only only ADV flr-162 133 17 if if SCONJ flr-162 133 18 it it PRON flr-162 133 19 affects affect VERB flr-162 133 20 the the DET flr-162 133 21 level level NOUN flr-162 133 22 of of ADP flr-162 133 23 deep deep ADJ flr-162 133 24 - - PUNCT flr-162 133 25 structure structure NOUN flr-162 133 26 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 133 27 processing processing NOUN flr-162 133 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 133 29 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 133 30 , , PUNCT flr-162 133 31 by by ADP flr-162 133 32 giving give VERB flr-162 133 33 constructive constructive ADJ flr-162 133 34 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 133 35 or or CCONJ flr-162 133 36 teaching teach VERB flr-162 133 37 meta meta ADJ flr-162 133 38 - - PUNCT flr-162 133 39 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 133 40 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 133 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 133 42 . . PUNCT flr-162 134 1 in in ADP flr-162 134 2 line line NOUN flr-162 134 3 with with ADP flr-162 134 4 prior prior ADJ flr-162 134 5 research research NOUN flr-162 134 6 on on ADP flr-162 134 7 school school NOUN flr-162 134 8 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 134 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 134 10 high high ADJ flr-162 134 11 effect effect NOUN flr-162 134 12 sizes size NOUN flr-162 134 13 could could AUX flr-162 134 14 also also ADV flr-162 134 15 be be AUX flr-162 134 16 shown show VERB flr-162 134 17 for for ADP flr-162 134 18 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 134 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 134 20 emotional emotional ADJ flr-162 134 21 student student NOUN flr-162 134 22 characteristics characteristic NOUN flr-162 134 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 134 24 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 134 25 prior prior ADJ flr-162 134 26 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 134 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 134 28 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 134 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 134 30 and and CCONJ flr-162 134 31 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 134 32 , , PUNCT flr-162 134 33 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 134 34 - - PUNCT flr-162 134 35 related relate VERB flr-162 134 36 variables variable NOUN flr-162 134 37 such such ADJ flr-162 134 38 as as ADP flr-162 134 39 direct direct ADJ flr-162 134 40 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 134 41 and and CCONJ flr-162 134 42 high high ADJ flr-162 134 43 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 134 44 of of ADP flr-162 134 45 the the DET flr-162 134 46 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 134 47 . . PUNCT flr-162 135 1 in in ADP flr-162 135 2 agreement agreement NOUN flr-162 135 3 with with ADP flr-162 135 4 prior prior ADJ flr-162 135 5 research research NOUN flr-162 135 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 135 7 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 135 8 ’s ’s PART flr-162 135 9 findings finding NOUN flr-162 135 10 suggest suggest VERB flr-162 135 11 that that SCONJ flr-162 135 12 more more ADJ flr-162 135 13 distal distal ADJ flr-162 135 14 factors factor NOUN flr-162 135 15 are be AUX flr-162 135 16 less less ADV flr-162 135 17 important important ADJ flr-162 135 18 than than ADP flr-162 135 19 proximal proximal ADJ flr-162 135 20 factors factor NOUN flr-162 135 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 135 22 that that SCONJ flr-162 135 23 the the DET flr-162 135 24 structural structural ADJ flr-162 135 25 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 135 26 of of ADP flr-162 135 27 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 135 28 are be AUX flr-162 135 29 less less ADV flr-162 135 30 important important ADJ flr-162 135 31 than than ADP flr-162 135 32 the the DET flr-162 135 33 process process NOUN flr-162 135 34 of of ADP flr-162 135 35 teaching teach VERB flr-162 135 36 itself itself PRON flr-162 135 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 136 1 the the DET flr-162 136 2 results result NOUN flr-162 136 3 also also ADV flr-162 136 4 highlight highlight VERB flr-162 136 5 the the DET flr-162 136 6 importance importance NOUN flr-162 136 7 of of ADP flr-162 136 8 the the DET flr-162 136 9 students student NOUN flr-162 136 10 ’ ’ PART flr-162 136 11 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 136 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 136 13 noncognitive noncognitive ADJ flr-162 136 14 prerequisites prerequisite NOUN flr-162 136 15 for for ADP flr-162 136 16 learning learn VERB flr-162 136 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 137 1 2 2 X flr-162 137 2 . . X flr-162 137 3 the the DET flr-162 137 4 present present ADJ flr-162 137 5 study study NOUN flr-162 137 6 in in ADP flr-162 137 7 our our PRON flr-162 137 8 study study NOUN flr-162 137 9 we we PRON flr-162 137 10 attempted attempt VERB flr-162 137 11 a a DET flr-162 137 12 direct direct ADJ flr-162 137 13 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 137 14 of of ADP flr-162 137 15 the the DET flr-162 137 16 results result NOUN flr-162 137 17 of of ADP flr-162 137 18 school school NOUN flr-162 137 19 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 137 20 research research NOUN flr-162 137 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 137 22 i.e. i.e. X flr-162 137 23 the the DET flr-162 137 24 effect effect NOUN flr-162 137 25 sizes size NOUN flr-162 137 26 from from ADP flr-162 137 27 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 137 28 ’s ’s PART flr-162 137 29 study study NOUN flr-162 137 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 137 31 with with ADP flr-162 137 32 the the DET flr-162 137 33 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 137 34 of of ADP flr-162 137 35 novice novice NOUN flr-162 137 36 and and CCONJ flr-162 137 37 expert expert NOUN flr-162 137 38 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 137 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 137 40 i.e. i.e. X flr-162 137 41 their their PRON flr-162 137 42 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 137 43 of of ADP flr-162 137 44 effect effect NOUN flr-162 137 45 sizes size NOUN flr-162 137 46 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 137 47 . . PUNCT flr-162 138 1 this this PRON flr-162 138 2 was be AUX flr-162 138 3 a a DET flr-162 138 4 rather rather ADV flr-162 138 5 novel novel ADJ flr-162 138 6 approach approach NOUN flr-162 138 7 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 138 8 however however ADV flr-162 138 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 138 10 wang wang PROPN flr-162 138 11 et et PROPN flr-162 138 12 al al PROPN flr-162 138 13 . . PROPN flr-162 139 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 139 2 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 139 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 139 4 adopted adopt VERB flr-162 139 5 a a DET flr-162 139 6 similar similar ADJ flr-162 139 7 strategy strategy NOUN flr-162 139 8 when when SCONJ flr-162 139 9 they they PRON flr-162 139 10 compared compare VERB flr-162 139 11 the the DET flr-162 139 12 results result NOUN flr-162 139 13 of of ADP flr-162 139 14 91 91 NUM flr-162 139 15 meta meta NOUN flr-162 139 16 - - PUNCT flr-162 139 17 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 139 18 with with ADP flr-162 139 19 the the DET flr-162 139 20 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 139 21 of of ADP flr-162 139 22 experts expert NOUN flr-162 139 23 in in ADP flr-162 139 24 education education NOUN flr-162 139 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 139 26 namely namely ADV flr-162 139 27 61 61 NUM flr-162 139 28 distinguished distinguished ADJ flr-162 139 29 educational educational ADJ flr-162 139 30 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 139 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 140 1 the the DET flr-162 140 2 correlation correlation NOUN flr-162 140 3 they they PRON flr-162 140 4 found find VERB flr-162 140 5 between between ADP flr-162 140 6 expert expert NOUN flr-162 140 7 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 140 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 140 9 meta meta NOUN flr-162 140 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 140 11 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 140 12 was be AUX flr-162 140 13 .59 .59 NUM flr-162 140 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 140 15 p p X flr-162 140 16 < < X flr-162 140 17 .01 .01 NUM flr-162 140 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 140 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 141 1 the the DET flr-162 141 2 authors author NOUN flr-162 141 3 concluded conclude VERB flr-162 141 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 141 5 there there PRON flr-162 141 6 is be VERB flr-162 141 7 a a DET flr-162 141 8 general general ADJ flr-162 141 9 agreement agreement NOUN flr-162 141 10 between between ADP flr-162 141 11 expert expert NOUN flr-162 141 12 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 141 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 141 14 the the DET flr-162 141 15 meta meta NOUN flr-162 141 16 - - PUNCT flr-162 141 17 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 141 18 regarding regard VERB flr-162 141 19 the the DET flr-162 141 20 effect effect NOUN flr-162 141 21 of of ADP flr-162 141 22 different different ADJ flr-162 141 23 variables variable NOUN flr-162 141 24 on on ADP flr-162 141 25 student student NOUN flr-162 141 26 learning learning NOUN flr-162 141 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 141 28 their their PRON flr-162 141 29 relative relative ADJ flr-162 141 30 strength strength NOUN flr-162 141 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 142 1 while while SCONJ flr-162 142 2 wang wang PROPN flr-162 142 3 et et PROPN flr-162 142 4 al al PROPN flr-162 142 5 . . PROPN flr-162 142 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 142 7 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 142 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 142 9 examined examine VERB flr-162 142 10 the the DET flr-162 142 11 judgments judgment NOUN flr-162 142 12 of of ADP flr-162 142 13 experts expert NOUN flr-162 142 14 in in ADP flr-162 142 15 educational educational ADJ flr-162 142 16 research research NOUN flr-162 142 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 142 18 our our PRON flr-162 142 19 study study NOUN flr-162 142 20 dealt deal VERB flr-162 142 21 with with ADP flr-162 142 22 the the DET flr-162 142 23 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 142 24 of of ADP flr-162 142 25 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 142 26 that that PRON flr-162 142 27 are be AUX flr-162 142 28 either either ADV flr-162 142 29 enrolled enrol VERB flr-162 142 30 in in ADP flr-162 142 31 a a DET flr-162 142 32 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 142 33 training training NOUN flr-162 142 34 program program NOUN flr-162 142 35 or or CCONJ flr-162 142 36 work work NOUN flr-162 142 37 as as ADP flr-162 142 38 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 142 39 and and CCONJ flr-162 142 40 school school NOUN flr-162 142 41 administrators administrator NOUN flr-162 142 42 . . PUNCT flr-162 143 1 the the DET flr-162 143 2 objective objective NOUN flr-162 143 3 of of ADP flr-162 143 4 wang wang PROPN flr-162 143 5 et et PROPN flr-162 143 6 al al PROPN flr-162 143 7 . . PROPN flr-162 143 8 was be AUX flr-162 143 9 to to PART flr-162 143 10 build build VERB flr-162 143 11 a a DET flr-162 143 12 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 143 13 base base NOUN flr-162 143 14 in in ADP flr-162 143 15 school school NOUN flr-162 143 16 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 143 17 research research NOUN flr-162 143 18 : : PUNCT flr-162 143 19 they they PRON flr-162 143 20 used use VERB flr-162 143 21 three three NUM flr-162 143 22 different different ADJ flr-162 143 23 methods method NOUN flr-162 143 24 – – PUNCT flr-162 143 25 content content NOUN flr-162 143 26 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 143 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 143 28 expert expert NOUN flr-162 143 29 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 143 30 , , PUNCT flr-162 143 31 and and CCONJ flr-162 143 32 results result NOUN flr-162 143 33 from from ADP flr-162 143 34 meta meta NOUN flr-162 143 35 - - PUNCT flr-162 143 36 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 143 37 – – PUNCT flr-162 143 38 to to PART flr-162 143 39 quantify quantify VERB flr-162 143 40 the the DET flr-162 143 41 importance importance NOUN flr-162 143 42 and and CCONJ flr-162 143 43 consistency consistency NOUN flr-162 143 44 of of ADP flr-162 143 45 variables variable NOUN flr-162 143 46 that that PRON flr-162 143 47 influence influence NOUN flr-162 143 48 student student NOUN flr-162 143 49 learning learning NOUN flr-162 143 50 . . PUNCT flr-162 144 1 our our PRON flr-162 144 2 objective objective NOUN flr-162 144 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 144 4 on on ADP flr-162 144 5 the the DET flr-162 144 6 other other ADJ flr-162 144 7 hand hand NOUN flr-162 144 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 144 9 was be AUX flr-162 144 10 to to PART flr-162 144 11 explicitly explicitly ADV flr-162 144 12 address address VERB flr-162 144 13 the the DET flr-162 144 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 144 15 of of ADP flr-162 144 16 those those DET flr-162 144 17 groups group NOUN flr-162 144 18 that that PRON flr-162 144 19 actually actually ADV flr-162 144 20 are be AUX flr-162 144 21 or or CCONJ flr-162 144 22 are be AUX flr-162 144 23 going go VERB flr-162 144 24 to to PART flr-162 144 25 be be AUX flr-162 144 26 working work VERB flr-162 144 27 in in ADP flr-162 144 28 the the DET flr-162 144 29 field field NOUN flr-162 144 30 and and CCONJ flr-162 144 31 directly directly ADV flr-162 144 32 influence influence VERB flr-162 144 33 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 144 34 processes process NOUN flr-162 144 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 145 1 prior prior ADJ flr-162 145 2 research research NOUN flr-162 145 3 on on ADP flr-162 145 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 145 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 145 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 145 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 145 8 in in ADP flr-162 145 9 general general ADJ flr-162 145 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 145 11 especially especially ADV flr-162 145 12 those those PRON flr-162 145 13 of of ADP flr-162 145 14 novice novice NOUN flr-162 145 15 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 145 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 145 17 has have AUX flr-162 145 18 shown show VERB flr-162 145 19 that that SCONJ flr-162 145 20 they they PRON flr-162 145 21 tend tend VERB flr-162 145 22 to to PART flr-162 145 23 be be AUX flr-162 145 24 very very ADV flr-162 145 25 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 145 26 and and CCONJ flr-162 145 27 are be AUX flr-162 145 28 rather rather ADV flr-162 145 29 unlikely unlikely ADJ flr-162 145 30 to to PART flr-162 145 31 be be AUX flr-162 145 32 guided guide VERB flr-162 145 33 by by ADP flr-162 145 34 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 145 35 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 145 36 , , PUNCT flr-162 145 37 so so CCONJ flr-162 145 38 we we PRON flr-162 145 39 had have VERB flr-162 145 40 reason reason NOUN flr-162 145 41 to to PART flr-162 145 42 assume assume VERB flr-162 145 43 that that PRON flr-162 145 44 is be AUX flr-162 145 45 also also ADV flr-162 145 46 the the DET flr-162 145 47 case case NOUN flr-162 145 48 also also ADV flr-162 145 49 for for ADP flr-162 145 50 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 145 51 concerning concern VERB flr-162 145 52 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 145 53 of of ADP flr-162 145 54 student student NOUN flr-162 145 55 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 145 56 . . PUNCT flr-162 146 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 146 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 146 3 we we PRON flr-162 146 4 expected expect VERB flr-162 146 5 our our PRON flr-162 146 6 preand preand NOUN flr-162 146 7 in in ADP flr-162 146 8 - - PUNCT flr-162 146 9 service service NOUN flr-162 146 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 146 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 146 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 146 13 to to PART flr-162 146 14 differ differ VERB flr-162 146 15 more more ADV flr-162 146 16 strongly strongly ADV flr-162 146 17 from from ADP flr-162 146 18 the the DET flr-162 146 19 findings finding NOUN flr-162 146 20 of of ADP flr-162 146 21 school school NOUN flr-162 146 22 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 146 23 research research NOUN flr-162 146 24 than than ADP flr-162 146 25 the the DET flr-162 146 26 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 146 27 of of ADP flr-162 146 28 expert expert ADJ flr-162 146 29 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 146 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 147 1 with with ADP flr-162 147 2 the the DET flr-162 147 3 epistemological epistemological ADJ flr-162 147 4 question question NOUN flr-162 147 5 in in ADP flr-162 147 6 mind mind NOUN flr-162 147 7 that that SCONJ flr-162 147 8 we we PRON flr-162 147 9 raised raise VERB flr-162 147 10 above above ADV flr-162 147 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 147 12 one one PRON flr-162 147 13 could could AUX flr-162 147 14 also also ADV flr-162 147 15 argue argue VERB flr-162 147 16 that that SCONJ flr-162 147 17 wang wang PROPN flr-162 147 18 et et PROPN flr-162 147 19 al al PROPN flr-162 147 20 . . PROPN flr-162 148 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 148 2 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 148 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 148 4 examined examine VERB flr-162 148 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 148 6 while while SCONJ flr-162 148 7 we we PRON flr-162 148 8 examined examine VERB flr-162 148 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 148 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 148 11     SPACE flr-162 149 1 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 149 2     SPACE flr-162 149 3 et et PROPN flr-162 149 4     SPACE flr-162 149 5 al al PROPN flr-162 149 6     SPACE flr-162 149 7 f f PROPN flr-162 149 8     SPACE flr-162 150 1 | | ADV flr-162 150 2 f f NOUN flr-162 150 3 l l NOUN flr-162 150 4 r r NOUN flr-162 150 5         SPACE flr-162 150 6 33 33 NUM flr-162 150 7     SPACE flr-162 150 8 school school NOUN flr-162 150 9 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 150 10 research research NOUN flr-162 150 11 gives give VERB flr-162 150 12 us we PRON flr-162 150 13 a a DET flr-162 150 14 good good ADJ flr-162 150 15 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 150 16 understanding understanding NOUN flr-162 150 17 of of ADP flr-162 150 18 what what PRON flr-162 150 19 works work VERB flr-162 150 20 in in ADP flr-162 150 21 school school NOUN flr-162 150 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 151 1 however however ADV flr-162 151 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 151 3 we we PRON flr-162 151 4 have have VERB flr-162 151 5 reason reason NOUN flr-162 151 6 to to PART flr-162 151 7 assume assume VERB flr-162 151 8 that that SCONJ flr-162 151 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 151 10 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 151 11 cognitions cognition NOUN flr-162 151 12 are be AUX flr-162 151 13 not not PART flr-162 151 14 congruent congruent ADJ flr-162 151 15 with with ADP flr-162 151 16 these these DET flr-162 151 17 findings finding NOUN flr-162 151 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 151 19 since since SCONJ flr-162 151 20 their their PRON flr-162 151 21 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 151 22 are be AUX flr-162 151 23 at at ADP flr-162 151 24 risk risk NOUN flr-162 151 25 to to PART flr-162 151 26 be be AUX flr-162 151 27 guided guide VERB flr-162 151 28 by by ADP flr-162 151 29 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 151 30 experience experience NOUN flr-162 151 31 and and CCONJ flr-162 151 32 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 151 33 rather rather ADV flr-162 151 34 than than ADP flr-162 151 35 by by ADP flr-162 151 36 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 151 37 data datum NOUN flr-162 151 38 . . PUNCT flr-162 152 1 the the DET flr-162 152 2 present present ADJ flr-162 152 3 study study NOUN flr-162 152 4 focused focus VERB flr-162 152 5 on on ADP flr-162 152 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 152 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 152 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 152 9 about about ADP flr-162 152 10 which which PRON flr-162 152 11 factors factor NOUN flr-162 152 12 determine determine VERB flr-162 152 13 their their PRON flr-162 152 14 students student NOUN flr-162 152 15 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 152 16 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 152 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 153 1 hence hence ADV flr-162 153 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 153 3 the the DET flr-162 153 4 central central ADJ flr-162 153 5 questions question NOUN flr-162 153 6 were be AUX flr-162 153 7 : : PUNCT flr-162 153 8 a a X flr-162 153 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 153 10 what what PRON flr-162 153 11 are be AUX flr-162 153 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 153 13 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 153 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 153 15 about about ADP flr-162 153 16 the the DET flr-162 153 17 impact impact NOUN flr-162 153 18 of of ADP flr-162 153 19 the the DET flr-162 153 20 above above ADV flr-162 153 21 - - PUNCT flr-162 153 22 mentioned mention VERB flr-162 153 23 factors factor NOUN flr-162 153 24 on on ADP flr-162 153 25 student student NOUN flr-162 153 26 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 153 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 153 28 and and CCONJ flr-162 153 29 to to ADP flr-162 153 30 what what DET flr-162 153 31 extent extent NOUN flr-162 153 32 do do AUX flr-162 153 33 these these DET flr-162 153 34 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 153 35 diverge diverge VERB flr-162 153 36 from from ADP flr-162 153 37 findings finding NOUN flr-162 153 38 of of ADP flr-162 153 39 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 153 40 research research NOUN flr-162 153 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 153 42 i.e. i.e. X flr-162 153 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 153 44 the the DET flr-162 153 45 effect effect NOUN flr-162 153 46 sizes size NOUN flr-162 153 47 of of ADP flr-162 153 48 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 153 49 ’s ’s PART flr-162 153 50 research research NOUN flr-162 153 51 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 153 52 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 153 53 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 154 1 b b X flr-162 154 2 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 154 3 what what PRON flr-162 154 4 are be AUX flr-162 154 5 the the DET flr-162 154 6 differences difference NOUN flr-162 154 7 in in ADP flr-162 154 8 the the DET flr-162 154 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 154 10 of of ADP flr-162 154 11 novice novice NOUN flr-162 154 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 154 13 expert expert NOUN flr-162 154 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 154 15 on on ADP flr-162 154 16 a a DET flr-162 154 17 latent latent ADJ flr-162 154 18 level level NOUN flr-162 154 19 of of ADP flr-162 154 20 meaningful meaningful ADJ flr-162 154 21 factors factor NOUN flr-162 154 22 of of ADP flr-162 154 23 school school NOUN flr-162 154 24 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 154 25 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 155 1 3 3 X flr-162 155 2 . . X flr-162 155 3 methods method NOUN flr-162 155 4 3.1 3.1 NUM flr-162 155 5 sample sample NOUN flr-162 155 6 the the DET flr-162 155 7 sample sample NOUN flr-162 155 8 comprised comprise VERB flr-162 155 9 n n NOUN flr-162 155 10 = = SYM flr-162 155 11 729 729 NUM flr-162 155 12 participants participant NOUN flr-162 155 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 155 14 64 64 NUM flr-162 155 15 % % NOUN flr-162 155 16 female female NOUN flr-162 155 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 155 18 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 155 19 n n PROPN flr-162 155 20 = = SYM flr-162 155 21 358 358 NUM flr-162 155 22 were be AUX flr-162 155 23 in in ADP flr-162 155 24 - - PUNCT flr-162 155 25 service service NOUN flr-162 155 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 155 27 “ " PUNCT flr-162 155 28 expert expert NOUN flr-162 155 29 ” " PUNCT flr-162 155 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 155 31 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 155 32 and and CCONJ flr-162 155 33 n n NOUN flr-162 155 34 = = NUM flr-162 155 35 371 371 NUM flr-162 155 36 pre pre NOUN flr-162 155 37 - - NOUN flr-162 155 38 service service ADJ flr-162 155 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 155 40 “ " PUNCT flr-162 155 41 novice novice NOUN flr-162 155 42 ” " PUNCT flr-162 155 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 155 44 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 155 45 . . PUNCT flr-162 156 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 156 2 of of ADP flr-162 156 3 the the DET flr-162 156 4 first first ADJ flr-162 156 5 group group NOUN flr-162 156 6 were be AUX flr-162 156 7 in in ADP flr-162 156 8 service service NOUN flr-162 156 9 at at ADP flr-162 156 10 different different ADJ flr-162 156 11 schools school NOUN flr-162 156 12 in in ADP flr-162 156 13 the the DET flr-162 156 14 federal federal ADJ flr-162 156 15 states states PROPN flr-162 156 16 schleswig schleswig PROPN flr-162 156 17 - - PUNCT flr-162 156 18 holstein holstein PROPN flr-162 156 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 156 20 hamburg hamburg PROPN flr-162 156 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 156 22 germany germany PROPN flr-162 156 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 157 1 of of ADP flr-162 157 2 these these DET flr-162 157 3 participants participant NOUN flr-162 157 4 53 53 NUM flr-162 157 5 % % NOUN flr-162 157 6 were be AUX flr-162 157 7 women woman NOUN flr-162 157 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 157 9 the the DET flr-162 157 10 medium medium ADJ flr-162 157 11 age age NOUN flr-162 157 12 was be AUX flr-162 157 13 m m NOUN flr-162 157 14 = = NOUN flr-162 157 15 52.3 52.3 NUM flr-162 157 16 years year NOUN flr-162 157 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 157 18 sd sd NOUN flr-162 157 19 = = SYM flr-162 157 20 8.8 8.8 NUM flr-162 157 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 157 22 ranging range VERB flr-162 157 23 from from ADP flr-162 157 24 28 28 NUM flr-162 157 25 to to PART flr-162 157 26 64 64 NUM flr-162 157 27 years year NOUN flr-162 157 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 158 1 this this DET flr-162 158 2 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-162 158 3 included include VERB flr-162 158 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 158 5 from from ADP flr-162 158 6 different different ADJ flr-162 158 7 types type NOUN flr-162 158 8 of of ADP flr-162 158 9 schools school NOUN flr-162 158 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 158 11 primary primary NOUN flr-162 158 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 158 13 secondary).the secondary).the DET flr-162 158 14 data datum NOUN flr-162 158 15 from from ADP flr-162 158 16 this this DET flr-162 158 17 subsample subsample NOUN flr-162 158 18 was be AUX flr-162 158 19 collected collect VERB flr-162 158 20 in in ADP flr-162 158 21 the the DET flr-162 158 22 context context NOUN flr-162 158 23 of of ADP flr-162 158 24 professional professional ADJ flr-162 158 25 development development NOUN flr-162 158 26 lectures lecture NOUN flr-162 158 27 for for ADP flr-162 158 28 in in ADP flr-162 158 29 - - PUNCT flr-162 158 30 service service NOUN flr-162 158 31 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 158 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 159 1 though though SCONJ flr-162 159 2 attendance attendance NOUN flr-162 159 3 was be AUX flr-162 159 4 not not PART flr-162 159 5 mandatory mandatory ADJ flr-162 159 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 159 7 the the DET flr-162 159 8 lectures lecture NOUN flr-162 159 9 were be AUX flr-162 159 10 open open ADJ flr-162 159 11 for for ADP flr-162 159 12 all all DET flr-162 159 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 159 14 from from ADP flr-162 159 15 the the DET flr-162 159 16 two two NUM flr-162 159 17 states state NOUN flr-162 159 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 160 1 the the DET flr-162 160 2 attending attend VERB flr-162 160 3 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 160 4 can can AUX flr-162 160 5 be be AUX flr-162 160 6 considered consider VERB flr-162 160 7 true true ADJ flr-162 160 8 experts expert NOUN flr-162 160 9 as as SCONJ flr-162 160 10 many many ADJ flr-162 160 11 of of ADP flr-162 160 12 them they PRON flr-162 160 13 were be AUX flr-162 160 14 in in ADP flr-162 160 15 leadership leadership NOUN flr-162 160 16 positions position NOUN flr-162 160 17 at at ADP flr-162 160 18 their their PRON flr-162 160 19 schools school NOUN flr-162 160 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 160 21 training training NOUN flr-162 160 22 supervision supervision NOUN flr-162 160 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 160 24 school school NOUN flr-162 160 25 administration administration NOUN flr-162 160 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 160 27 etc etc X flr-162 160 28 . . X flr-162 160 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 160 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 161 1 the the DET flr-162 161 2 pre pre ADJ flr-162 161 3 - - ADJ flr-162 161 4 service service ADJ flr-162 161 5 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 161 6 were be AUX flr-162 161 7 university university NOUN flr-162 161 8 students student NOUN flr-162 161 9 enrolled enrol VERB flr-162 161 10 in in ADP flr-162 161 11 the the DET flr-162 161 12 first first ADJ flr-162 161 13 year year NOUN flr-162 161 14 of of ADP flr-162 161 15 a a DET flr-162 161 16 master master NOUN flr-162 161 17 of of ADP flr-162 161 18 education education NOUN flr-162 161 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 161 20 m.ed m.ed PROPN flr-162 161 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 161 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 162 1 at at ADP flr-162 162 2 a a DET flr-162 162 3 university university NOUN flr-162 162 4 in in ADP flr-162 162 5 the the DET flr-162 162 6 northern northern ADJ flr-162 162 7 part part NOUN flr-162 162 8 of of ADP flr-162 162 9 germany germany PROPN flr-162 162 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 163 1 to to PART flr-162 163 2 illustrate illustrate VERB flr-162 163 3 the the DET flr-162 163 4 background background NOUN flr-162 163 5 of of ADP flr-162 163 6 our our PRON flr-162 163 7 sample sample NOUN flr-162 163 8 we we PRON flr-162 163 9 briefly briefly ADV flr-162 163 10 outline outline VERB flr-162 163 11 a a DET flr-162 163 12 typical typical ADJ flr-162 163 13 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 163 14 training training NOUN flr-162 163 15 program program NOUN flr-162 163 16 in in ADP flr-162 163 17 germany germany PROPN flr-162 163 18 : : PUNCT flr-162 163 19 at at ADP flr-162 163 20 most most ADJ flr-162 163 21 german german ADJ flr-162 163 22 universities university NOUN flr-162 163 23 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 163 24 training training NOUN flr-162 163 25 is be AUX flr-162 163 26 composed compose VERB flr-162 163 27 of of ADP flr-162 163 28 a a DET flr-162 163 29 three three NUM flr-162 163 30 - - PUNCT flr-162 163 31 year year NOUN flr-162 163 32 bachelor bachelor NOUN flr-162 163 33 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 163 34 b.a./ b.a./ PROPN flr-162 163 35 b.sc b.sc PROPN flr-162 163 36 . . PUNCT flr-162 163 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 163 38 program program NOUN flr-162 163 39 and and CCONJ flr-162 163 40 a a DET flr-162 163 41 two two NUM flr-162 163 42 - - PUNCT flr-162 163 43 year year NOUN flr-162 163 44 master master NOUN flr-162 163 45 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 163 46 m.ed m.ed PROPN flr-162 163 47 . . PUNCT flr-162 163 48 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 163 49 program program NOUN flr-162 163 50 . . PUNCT flr-162 164 1 it it PRON flr-162 164 2 includes include VERB flr-162 164 3 the the DET flr-162 164 4 academic academic ADJ flr-162 164 5 study study NOUN flr-162 164 6 of of ADP flr-162 164 7 two two NUM flr-162 164 8 scientific scientific ADJ flr-162 164 9 disciplines discipline NOUN flr-162 164 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 164 11 didactics didactics NOUN flr-162 164 12 for for ADP flr-162 164 13 the the DET flr-162 164 14 corresponding corresponding ADJ flr-162 164 15 school school NOUN flr-162 164 16 subjects subject NOUN flr-162 164 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 165 1 in in ADP flr-162 165 2 addition addition NOUN flr-162 165 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 165 4 students student NOUN flr-162 165 5 take take VERB flr-162 165 6 a a DET flr-162 165 7 variety variety NOUN flr-162 165 8 of of ADP flr-162 165 9 courses course NOUN flr-162 165 10 in in ADP flr-162 165 11 educational educational ADJ flr-162 165 12 sciences science NOUN flr-162 165 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 166 1 after after ADP flr-162 166 2 university university NOUN flr-162 166 3 studies study NOUN flr-162 166 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 166 5 students student NOUN flr-162 166 6 transfer transfer VERB flr-162 166 7 to to ADP flr-162 166 8 the the DET flr-162 166 9 more more ADV flr-162 166 10 practical practical ADJ flr-162 166 11 part part NOUN flr-162 166 12 of of ADP flr-162 166 13 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 166 14 training training NOUN flr-162 166 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 167 1 they they PRON flr-162 167 2 train train VERB flr-162 167 3 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 167 4 in in ADP flr-162 167 5 schools school NOUN flr-162 167 6 for for ADP flr-162 167 7 one one NUM flr-162 167 8 to to PART flr-162 167 9 two two NUM flr-162 167 10 years year NOUN flr-162 167 11 before before SCONJ flr-162 167 12 they they PRON flr-162 167 13 become become VERB flr-162 167 14 proper proper ADJ flr-162 167 15 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 167 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 168 1 our our PRON flr-162 168 2 pre pre ADJ flr-162 168 3 - - ADJ flr-162 168 4 service service ADJ flr-162 168 5 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 168 6 had have AUX flr-162 168 7 completed complete VERB flr-162 168 8 a a DET flr-162 168 9 bachelor bachelor NOUN flr-162 168 10 program program NOUN flr-162 168 11 that that PRON flr-162 168 12 prepared prepare VERB flr-162 168 13 them they PRON flr-162 168 14 for for ADP flr-162 168 15 graduate graduate NOUN flr-162 168 16 studies study NOUN flr-162 168 17 in in ADP flr-162 168 18 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 168 19 education education NOUN flr-162 168 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 169 1 they they PRON flr-162 169 2 had have AUX flr-162 169 3 done do VERB flr-162 169 4 practical practical ADJ flr-162 169 5 training training NOUN flr-162 169 6 in in ADP flr-162 169 7 schools school NOUN flr-162 169 8 for for ADP flr-162 169 9 a a DET flr-162 169 10 period period NOUN flr-162 169 11 of of ADP flr-162 169 12 six six NUM flr-162 169 13 weeks week NOUN flr-162 169 14 in in ADP flr-162 169 15 total total NOUN flr-162 169 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 169 17 however however ADV flr-162 169 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 169 19 the the DET flr-162 169 20 bachelor bachelor NOUN flr-162 169 21 program program NOUN flr-162 169 22 was be AUX flr-162 169 23 clearly clearly ADV flr-162 169 24 focused focus VERB flr-162 169 25 on on ADP flr-162 169 26 the the DET flr-162 169 27 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 169 28 study study NOUN flr-162 169 29 of of ADP flr-162 169 30 the the DET flr-162 169 31 two two NUM flr-162 169 32 scientific scientific ADJ flr-162 169 33 disciplines discipline NOUN flr-162 169 34 . . PUNCT flr-162 170 1 only only ADV flr-162 170 2 a a DET flr-162 170 3 small small ADJ flr-162 170 4 proportion proportion NOUN flr-162 170 5 of of ADP flr-162 170 6 the the DET flr-162 170 7 degree degree NOUN flr-162 170 8 was be AUX flr-162 170 9 dedicated dedicate VERB flr-162 170 10 to to ADP flr-162 170 11 introductory introductory ADJ flr-162 170 12 classes class NOUN flr-162 170 13 on on ADP flr-162 170 14 educational educational ADJ flr-162 170 15 sciences science NOUN flr-162 170 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 170 17 didactics didactic NOUN flr-162 170 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 171 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 171 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 171 3 we we PRON flr-162 171 4 can can AUX flr-162 171 5 assume assume VERB flr-162 171 6 that that SCONJ flr-162 171 7 their their PRON flr-162 171 8 prior prior ADJ flr-162 171 9 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 171 10 concerning concern VERB flr-162 171 11 these these DET flr-162 171 12 subjects subject NOUN flr-162 171 13 was be AUX flr-162 171 14 not not PART flr-162 171 15 very very ADV flr-162 171 16 advanced advanced ADJ flr-162 171 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 172 1 the the DET flr-162 172 2 percentage percentage NOUN flr-162 172 3 of of ADP flr-162 172 4 female female ADJ flr-162 172 5 participants participant NOUN flr-162 172 6 in in ADP flr-162 172 7 this this DET flr-162 172 8 group group NOUN flr-162 172 9 was be AUX flr-162 172 10 71 71 NUM flr-162 172 11 % % NOUN flr-162 172 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 173 1 their their PRON flr-162 173 2 mean mean ADJ flr-162 173 3 age age NOUN flr-162 173 4 was be AUX flr-162 173 5 m m NOUN flr-162 173 6 = = NOUN flr-162 173 7 24.7 24.7 NUM flr-162 173 8 years year NOUN flr-162 173 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 173 10 sd sd NOUN flr-162 173 11 = = SYM flr-162 173 12 2.5 2.5 NUM flr-162 173 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 173 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 173 15 ranging range VERB flr-162 173 16 from from ADP flr-162 173 17 23 23 NUM flr-162 173 18 to to PART flr-162 173 19 39 39 NUM flr-162 173 20 years year NOUN flr-162 173 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 174 1 the the DET flr-162 174 2 data datum NOUN flr-162 174 3 was be AUX flr-162 174 4 collected collect VERB flr-162 174 5 during during ADP flr-162 174 6 a a DET flr-162 174 7 lecture lecture NOUN flr-162 174 8 on on ADP flr-162 174 9 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 174 10 in in ADP flr-162 174 11 education education NOUN flr-162 174 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 174 13 in in ADP flr-162 174 14 which which PRON flr-162 174 15 all all DET flr-162 174 16 students student NOUN flr-162 174 17 enrolled enrol VERB flr-162 174 18 in in ADP flr-162 174 19 the the DET flr-162 174 20 m.ed m.ed PROPN flr-162 174 21 . . PROPN flr-162 175 1 were be AUX flr-162 175 2 required require VERB flr-162 175 3 to to PART flr-162 175 4 participate participate VERB flr-162 175 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 176 1 3.2 3.2 NUM flr-162 176 2 procedure procedure NOUN flr-162 176 3 in in ADP flr-162 176 4 order order NOUN flr-162 176 5 to to PART flr-162 176 6 assess assess VERB flr-162 176 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 176 8 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 176 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 176 10 about about ADP flr-162 176 11 the the DET flr-162 176 12 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 176 13 of of ADP flr-162 176 14 factors factor NOUN flr-162 176 15 for for ADP flr-162 176 16 students student NOUN flr-162 176 17 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 176 18 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 176 19 a a DET flr-162 176 20 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-162 176 21 was be AUX flr-162 176 22 developed develop VERB flr-162 176 23 based base VERB flr-162 176 24 on on ADP flr-162 176 25 16 16 NUM flr-162 176 26 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 176 27 of of ADP flr-162 176 28 student student NOUN flr-162 176 29 learning learning NOUN flr-162 176 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 176 31 see see VERB flr-162 176 32 table table NOUN flr-162 176 33 2 2 NUM flr-162 176 34 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 176 35 selected select VERB flr-162 176 36 from from ADP flr-162 176 37 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 176 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 176 39 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 176 40 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 176 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 177 1 criteria criterion NOUN flr-162 177 2 for for ADP flr-162 177 3 the the DET flr-162 177 4 selection selection NOUN flr-162 177 5 of of ADP flr-162 177 6 items item NOUN flr-162 177 7 were be AUX flr-162 177 8 the the DET flr-162 177 9 coverage coverage NOUN flr-162 177 10 of of ADP flr-162 177 11 a a DET flr-162 177 12 large large ADJ flr-162 177 13 range range NOUN flr-162 177 14 of of ADP flr-162 177 15 effect effect NOUN flr-162 177 16 sizes size NOUN flr-162 177 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 177 18 d d NOUN flr-162 177 19 = = PUNCT flr-162 177 20 .01-.73 .01-.73 PROPN flr-162 177 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 177 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 177 23     SPACE flr-162 177 24 fleckenstein fleckenstein VERB flr-162 177 25     SPACE flr-162 177 26 et et PROPN flr-162 177 27     SPACE flr-162 177 28 al al PROPN flr-162 177 29     SPACE flr-162 177 30 f f PROPN flr-162 177 31     SPACE flr-162 178 1 | | ADV flr-162 178 2 f f NOUN flr-162 178 3 l l NOUN flr-162 178 4 r r NOUN flr-162 178 5         SPACE flr-162 178 6 34 34 NUM flr-162 178 7     SPACE flr-162 178 8 the the DET flr-162 178 9 coverage coverage NOUN flr-162 178 10 of of ADP flr-162 178 11 the the DET flr-162 178 12 a a DET flr-162 178 13 priori priori ADJ flr-162 178 14 categories category NOUN flr-162 178 15 school school NOUN flr-162 178 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 178 17 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 178 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 178 19 student student NOUN flr-162 178 20 from from ADP flr-162 178 21 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 178 22 ’s ’s PART flr-162 178 23 study study NOUN flr-162 178 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 179 1 these these DET flr-162 179 2 categories category NOUN flr-162 179 3 were be AUX flr-162 179 4 chosen choose VERB flr-162 179 5 as as ADP flr-162 179 6 a a DET flr-162 179 7 focus focus NOUN flr-162 179 8 of of ADP flr-162 179 9 our our PRON flr-162 179 10 study study NOUN flr-162 179 11 since since SCONJ flr-162 179 12 there there PRON flr-162 179 13 seemed seem VERB flr-162 179 14 to to PART flr-162 179 15 be be AUX flr-162 179 16 the the DET flr-162 179 17 highest high ADJ flr-162 179 18 consensus consensus NOUN flr-162 179 19 about about ADP flr-162 179 20 the the DET flr-162 179 21 extent extent NOUN flr-162 179 22 of of ADP flr-162 179 23 their their PRON flr-162 179 24 impact impact NOUN flr-162 179 25 on on ADP flr-162 179 26 student student NOUN flr-162 179 27 learning learning NOUN flr-162 179 28 among among ADP flr-162 179 29 school school NOUN flr-162 179 30 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 179 31 studies study NOUN flr-162 179 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 180 1 moreover moreover ADV flr-162 180 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 180 3 we we PRON flr-162 180 4 selected select VERB flr-162 180 5 those those DET flr-162 180 6 variables variable NOUN flr-162 180 7 that that PRON flr-162 180 8 we we PRON flr-162 180 9 assumed assume VERB flr-162 180 10 even even ADV flr-162 180 11 inexperienced inexperienced ADJ flr-162 180 12 university university NOUN flr-162 180 13 students student NOUN flr-162 180 14 would would AUX flr-162 180 15 be be AUX flr-162 180 16 familiar familiar ADJ flr-162 180 17 with with ADP flr-162 180 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 180 19 as as SCONJ flr-162 180 20 most most ADJ flr-162 180 21 of of ADP flr-162 180 22 them they PRON flr-162 180 23 are be AUX flr-162 180 24 also also ADV flr-162 180 25 a a DET flr-162 180 26 frequent frequent ADJ flr-162 180 27 issue issue NOUN flr-162 180 28 in in ADP flr-162 180 29 political political ADJ flr-162 180 30 and and CCONJ flr-162 180 31 academic academic ADJ flr-162 180 32 discourse discourse NOUN flr-162 180 33 . . PUNCT flr-162 181 1 table table NOUN flr-162 181 2 1 1 NUM flr-162 181 3 intervals interval NOUN flr-162 181 4 of of ADP flr-162 181 5 effect effect NOUN flr-162 181 6 sizes size NOUN flr-162 181 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 181 8 their their PRON flr-162 181 9 interpretations interpretation NOUN flr-162 181 10 by by ADP flr-162 181 11 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 181 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 181 13 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 181 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 181 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 181 16 köller köller PROPN flr-162 181 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 181 18 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 181 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 181 20     SPACE flr-162 181 21 range range NOUN flr-162 181 22 of of ADP flr-162 181 23 effect effect NOUN flr-162 181 24 sizes size VERB flr-162 181 25 interpretation interpretation NOUN flr-162 181 26 by by ADP flr-162 181 27 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 181 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 181 29 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 181 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 181 31 interpretation interpretation NOUN flr-162 181 32 by by ADP flr-162 181 33 köller köller PROPN flr-162 181 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 181 35 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 181 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 182 1 d d X flr-162 182 2 < < X flr-162 182 3 0 0 NUM flr-162 182 4 reverse reverse ADJ flr-162 182 5 effects effect NOUN flr-162 182 6 harmful harmful ADJ flr-162 182 7 0 0 NUM flr-162 182 8 ≤ ≤ NUM flr-162 183 1 d d ADP flr-162 183 2 < < X flr-162 183 3 0.15/0.2 0.15/0.2 X flr-162 183 4 developmental developmental ADJ flr-162 183 5 effects effect NOUN flr-162 183 6 not not PART flr-162 183 7 harmful harmful ADJ flr-162 183 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 183 9 not not PART flr-162 183 10 helpful helpful ADJ flr-162 183 11 0.15/0.2 0.15/0.2 X flr-162 184 1 ≤ ≤ NUM flr-162 185 1 d d X flr-162 185 2 < < X flr-162 185 3 0.4 0.4 NUM flr-162 185 4 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 185 5 effects effect NOUN flr-162 185 6 a a DET flr-162 185 7 little little ADJ flr-162 185 8 helpful helpful ADJ flr-162 185 9 0.4 0.4 NUM flr-162 185 10 ≤ ≤ NUM flr-162 186 1 d d X flr-162 186 2 < < X flr-162 186 3 0.6 0.6 NUM flr-162 186 4 zone zone NOUN flr-162 186 5 of of ADP flr-162 186 6 desired desire VERB flr-162 186 7 effects effect NOUN flr-162 186 8 helpful helpful ADJ flr-162 186 9 d d X flr-162 186 10 ≥ ≥ NOUN flr-162 186 11 0.6 0.6 NUM flr-162 186 12 very very ADV flr-162 186 13 helpful helpful ADJ flr-162 186 14 the the DET flr-162 186 15 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-162 186 16 was be AUX flr-162 186 17 administered administer VERB flr-162 186 18 in in ADP flr-162 186 19 the the DET flr-162 186 20 context context NOUN flr-162 186 21 of of ADP flr-162 186 22 a a DET flr-162 186 23 lecture lecture NOUN flr-162 186 24 on on ADP flr-162 186 25 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 186 26 ’s ’s PART flr-162 186 27 study study NOUN flr-162 186 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 187 1 first first ADV flr-162 187 2 of of ADP flr-162 187 3 all all PRON flr-162 187 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 187 5 participants participant NOUN flr-162 187 6 were be AUX flr-162 187 7 introduced introduce VERB flr-162 187 8 to to ADP flr-162 187 9 the the DET flr-162 187 10 concept concept NOUN flr-162 187 11 of of ADP flr-162 187 12 meta meta NOUN flr-162 187 13 - - PUNCT flr-162 187 14 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 187 15 in in ADP flr-162 187 16 general general ADJ flr-162 187 17 and and CCONJ flr-162 187 18 the the DET flr-162 187 19 design design NOUN flr-162 187 20 of of ADP flr-162 187 21 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 187 22 ’s ’s PART flr-162 187 23 research research NOUN flr-162 187 24 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 187 25 in in ADP flr-162 187 26 particular particular ADJ flr-162 187 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 188 1 subsequently subsequently ADV flr-162 188 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 188 3 they they PRON flr-162 188 4 were be AUX flr-162 188 5 familiarized familiarize VERB flr-162 188 6 with with ADP flr-162 188 7 the the DET flr-162 188 8 concept concept NOUN flr-162 188 9 of of ADP flr-162 188 10 cohen cohen PROPN flr-162 188 11 ’s ’s PART flr-162 188 12 d d PROPN flr-162 188 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 188 14 its its PRON flr-162 188 15 practical practical ADJ flr-162 188 16 implications implication NOUN flr-162 188 17 : : PUNCT flr-162 188 18 the the DET flr-162 188 19 formula formula NOUN flr-162 188 20 d d NOUN flr-162 188 21 = = PUNCT flr-162 188 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 188 23 mtest mt ADJ flr-162 188 24 – – PUNCT flr-162 188 25 mcontrol mcontrol PROPN flr-162 188 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 188 27 / / PUNCT flr-162 188 28 sdpooled sdpoole VERB flr-162 188 29 was be AUX flr-162 188 30 presented present VERB flr-162 188 31 to to ADP flr-162 188 32 the the DET flr-162 188 33 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 188 34 and and CCONJ flr-162 188 35 explained explain VERB flr-162 188 36 in in ADP flr-162 188 37 detail detail NOUN flr-162 188 38 with with ADP flr-162 188 39 the the DET flr-162 188 40 help help NOUN flr-162 188 41 of of ADP flr-162 188 42 examples example NOUN flr-162 188 43 . . PUNCT flr-162 189 1 in in ADP flr-162 189 2 order order NOUN flr-162 189 3 to to PART flr-162 189 4 give give VERB flr-162 189 5 practical practical ADJ flr-162 189 6 significance significance NOUN flr-162 189 7 to to ADP flr-162 189 8 the the DET flr-162 189 9 rather rather ADV flr-162 189 10 abstract abstract ADJ flr-162 189 11 notion notion NOUN flr-162 189 12 of of ADP flr-162 189 13 effect effect NOUN flr-162 189 14 size size VERB flr-162 189 15 the the DET flr-162 189 16 interpretation interpretation NOUN flr-162 189 17 of of ADP flr-162 189 18 effect effect NOUN flr-162 189 19 sizes size NOUN flr-162 189 20 as as SCONJ flr-162 189 21 presented present VERB flr-162 189 22 in in ADP flr-162 189 23 the the DET flr-162 189 24 rightmost rightmost ADJ flr-162 189 25 column column NOUN flr-162 189 26 of of ADP flr-162 189 27 table table NOUN flr-162 189 28 1 1 NUM flr-162 189 29 was be AUX flr-162 189 30 introduced introduce VERB flr-162 189 31 and and CCONJ flr-162 189 32 displayed display VERB flr-162 189 33 during during ADP flr-162 189 34 the the DET flr-162 189 35 completion completion NOUN flr-162 189 36 of of ADP flr-162 189 37 the the DET flr-162 189 38 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-162 189 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 190 1 the the DET flr-162 190 2 participants participant NOUN flr-162 190 3 were be AUX flr-162 190 4 asked ask VERB flr-162 190 5 to to PART flr-162 190 6 estimate estimate VERB flr-162 190 7 the the DET flr-162 190 8 impact impact NOUN flr-162 190 9 of of ADP flr-162 190 10 each each PRON flr-162 190 11 of of ADP flr-162 190 12 the the DET flr-162 190 13 factors factor NOUN flr-162 190 14 on on ADP flr-162 190 15 a a DET flr-162 190 16 scale scale NOUN flr-162 190 17 of of ADP flr-162 190 18 effect effect NOUN flr-162 190 19 sizes size NOUN flr-162 190 20 ranging range VERB flr-162 190 21 from from ADP flr-162 190 22 d d PROPN flr-162 190 23 = = PUNCT flr-162 190 24 -0.4 -0.4 NOUN flr-162 190 25 to to ADP flr-162 190 26 d d NOUN flr-162 190 27 = = SYM flr-162 190 28 1.0 1.0 NUM flr-162 190 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 191 1 the the DET flr-162 191 2 precise precise ADJ flr-162 191 3 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 191 4 was be AUX flr-162 191 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 191 6 “ " PUNCT flr-162 191 7 please please INTJ flr-162 191 8 estimate estimate VERB flr-162 191 9 the the DET flr-162 191 10 effect effect NOUN flr-162 191 11 of of ADP flr-162 191 12 each each PRON flr-162 191 13 of of ADP flr-162 191 14 the the DET flr-162 191 15 factors factor NOUN flr-162 191 16 below below ADV flr-162 191 17 on on ADP flr-162 191 18 students student NOUN flr-162 191 19 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 191 20 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 191 21 ” " PUNCT flr-162 191 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 191 23 followed follow VERB flr-162 191 24 by by ADP flr-162 191 25 the the DET flr-162 191 26 list list NOUN flr-162 191 27 of of ADP flr-162 191 28 variables variable NOUN flr-162 191 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 192 1 participants participant NOUN flr-162 192 2 were be AUX flr-162 192 3 briefly briefly ADV flr-162 192 4 familiarized familiarize VERB flr-162 192 5 with with ADP flr-162 192 6 the the DET flr-162 192 7 16 16 NUM flr-162 192 8 factors factor NOUN flr-162 192 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 192 10 that that ADV flr-162 192 11 is is ADV flr-162 192 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 192 13 short short ADJ flr-162 192 14 comments comment NOUN flr-162 192 15 were be AUX flr-162 192 16 given give VERB flr-162 192 17 on on ADP flr-162 192 18 what what PRON flr-162 192 19 was be AUX flr-162 192 20 meant mean VERB flr-162 192 21 by by ADP flr-162 192 22 the the DET flr-162 192 23 factors factor NOUN flr-162 192 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 193 1 3.3 3.3 NUM flr-162 193 2 statistical statistical ADJ flr-162 193 3 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 193 4 first first ADV flr-162 193 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 193 6 group group NOUN flr-162 193 7 means mean NOUN flr-162 193 8 were be AUX flr-162 193 9 calculated calculate VERB flr-162 193 10 on on ADP flr-162 193 11 the the DET flr-162 193 12 level level NOUN flr-162 193 13 of of ADP flr-162 193 14 the the DET flr-162 193 15 16 16 NUM flr-162 193 16 manifest manifest ADJ flr-162 193 17 variables variable NOUN flr-162 193 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 193 19 further far ADV flr-162 193 20 analyzed analyze VERB flr-162 193 21 by by ADP flr-162 193 22 comparing compare VERB flr-162 193 23 them they PRON flr-162 193 24 to to ADP flr-162 193 25 the the DET flr-162 193 26 effect effect NOUN flr-162 193 27 sizes size NOUN flr-162 193 28 of of ADP flr-162 193 29 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 193 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 193 31 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 193 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 193 33 . . PUNCT flr-162 194 1 this this PRON flr-162 194 2 was be AUX flr-162 194 3 achieved achieve VERB flr-162 194 4 by by ADP flr-162 194 5 calculating calculate VERB flr-162 194 6 the the DET flr-162 194 7 correlation correlation NOUN flr-162 194 8 coefficient coefficient NOUN flr-162 194 9 pearson pearson PROPN flr-162 194 10 ’s ’s PART flr-162 194 11 r r NOUN flr-162 194 12 for for ADP flr-162 194 13 each each DET flr-162 194 14 person person NOUN flr-162 194 15 ’s ’s PART flr-162 194 16 rating rating NOUN flr-162 194 17 profile profile NOUN flr-162 194 18 with with ADP flr-162 194 19 the the DET flr-162 194 20 distribution distribution NOUN flr-162 194 21 of of ADP flr-162 194 22 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 194 23 ’s ’s PART flr-162 194 24 effect effect NOUN flr-162 194 25 sizes size NOUN flr-162 194 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 195 1 the the DET flr-162 195 2 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-162 195 3 were be AUX flr-162 195 4 transformed transform VERB flr-162 195 5 by by ADP flr-162 195 6 fisher fisher PROPN flr-162 195 7 ’s ’s PART flr-162 195 8 z z NOUN flr-162 195 9 in in ADP flr-162 195 10 order order NOUN flr-162 195 11 to to PART flr-162 195 12 approximate approximate VERB flr-162 195 13 constant constant ADJ flr-162 195 14 variance variance NOUN flr-162 195 15 for for ADP flr-162 195 16 all all DET flr-162 195 17 values value NOUN flr-162 195 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 196 1 the the DET flr-162 196 2 use use NOUN flr-162 196 3 of of ADP flr-162 196 4 fisher fisher PROPN flr-162 196 5 ’s ’s PART flr-162 196 6 z z NOUN flr-162 196 7 transformation transformation NOUN flr-162 196 8 is be AUX flr-162 196 9 recommended recommend VERB flr-162 196 10 when when SCONJ flr-162 196 11 averaging average VERB flr-162 196 12 correlation correlation NOUN flr-162 196 13 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-162 196 14 as as SCONJ flr-162 196 15 the the DET flr-162 196 16 distribution distribution NOUN flr-162 196 17 of of ADP flr-162 196 18 r r NOUN flr-162 196 19 is be AUX flr-162 196 20 skewed skew VERB flr-162 196 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 196 22 silver silver NOUN flr-162 196 23 & & CCONJ flr-162 196 24 dunlap dunlap PROPN flr-162 196 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 196 26 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 196 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 196 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 197 1 the the DET flr-162 197 2 resulting result VERB flr-162 197 3 fisher fisher PROPN flr-162 197 4 ’s ’s PART flr-162 197 5 z z NOUN flr-162 197 6 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-162 197 7 were be AUX flr-162 197 8 aggregated aggregate VERB flr-162 197 9 per per ADP flr-162 197 10 group group NOUN flr-162 197 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 197 12 preand preand VERB flr-162 197 13 in in ADP flr-162 197 14 - - PUNCT flr-162 197 15 service service NOUN flr-162 197 16 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 197 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 197 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 197 19 the the DET flr-162 197 20 resulting result VERB flr-162 197 21 means mean NOUN flr-162 197 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 197 23 mz mz PROPN flr-162 197 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 197 25 of of ADP flr-162 197 26 the the DET flr-162 197 27 two two NUM flr-162 197 28 groups group NOUN flr-162 197 29 were be AUX flr-162 197 30 compared compare VERB flr-162 197 31 using use VERB flr-162 197 32 an an DET flr-162 197 33 independentsample independentsample PROPN flr-162 197 34 t t NOUN flr-162 197 35 - - PUNCT flr-162 197 36 test test NOUN flr-162 197 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 198 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 198 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 198 3 we we PRON flr-162 198 4 could could AUX flr-162 198 5 determine determine VERB flr-162 198 6 the the DET flr-162 198 7 difference difference NOUN flr-162 198 8 in in ADP flr-162 198 9 preand preand NOUN flr-162 198 10 in in ADP flr-162 198 11 - - PUNCT flr-162 198 12 service service NOUN flr-162 198 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 198 14 in in ADP flr-162 198 15 terms term NOUN flr-162 198 16 of of ADP flr-162 198 17 congruence congruence NOUN flr-162 198 18 with with ADP flr-162 198 19 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 198 20 ’s ’s PART flr-162 198 21 results result NOUN flr-162 198 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 199 1 second second ADV flr-162 199 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 199 3 we we PRON flr-162 199 4 examined examine VERB flr-162 199 5 whether whether SCONJ flr-162 199 6 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 199 7 on on ADP flr-162 199 8 several several ADJ flr-162 199 9 individual individual ADJ flr-162 199 10 items item NOUN flr-162 199 11 could could AUX flr-162 199 12 be be AUX flr-162 199 13 aggregated aggregate VERB flr-162 199 14 on on ADP flr-162 199 15 a a DET flr-162 199 16 higher high ADJ flr-162 199 17 level level NOUN flr-162 199 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 199 19 that that ADV flr-162 199 20 is is ADV flr-162 199 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 199 22 in in ADP flr-162 199 23 a a DET flr-162 199 24 latent latent ADJ flr-162 199 25 variable variable ADJ flr-162 199 26 model model NOUN flr-162 199 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 200 1 confirmatory confirmatory ADJ flr-162 200 2 factor factor NOUN flr-162 200 3 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 200 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 200 5 cfa cfa NOUN flr-162 200 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 200 7 was be AUX flr-162 200 8 carried carry VERB flr-162 200 9 out out ADP flr-162 200 10 in in ADP flr-162 200 11 mplus mplus ADJ flr-162 200 12 7 7 NUM flr-162 200 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 200 14 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 200 15 & & CCONJ flr-162 200 16 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 200 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 200 18 1998 1998 NUM flr-162 200 19 - - SYM flr-162 200 20 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 200 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 200 22 in in ADP flr-162 200 23 order order NOUN flr-162 200 24 to to PART flr-162 200 25 analyze analyze VERB flr-162 200 26 the the DET flr-162 200 27 underlying underlie VERB flr-162 200 28 latent latent NOUN flr-162 200 29 structure structure NOUN flr-162 200 30 of of ADP flr-162 200 31 the the DET flr-162 200 32 data datum NOUN flr-162 200 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 200 34 which which PRON flr-162 200 35 then then ADV flr-162 200 36 served serve VERB flr-162 200 37 as as ADP flr-162 200 38 a a DET flr-162 200 39 basis basis NOUN flr-162 200 40 for for ADP flr-162 200 41 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-162 200 42 between between ADP flr-162 200 43 preand preand NOUN flr-162 200 44 in in ADP flr-162 200 45 - - PUNCT flr-162 200 46 service service NOUN flr-162 200 47 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 200 48 on on ADP flr-162 200 49 the the DET flr-162 200 50 reduced reduce VERB flr-162 200 51 number number NOUN flr-162 200 52 of of ADP flr-162 200 53 meaningful meaningful ADJ flr-162 200 54 categories category NOUN flr-162 200 55 on on ADP flr-162 200 56 a a DET flr-162 200 57 higher high ADJ flr-162 200 58 level level NOUN flr-162 200 59 . . PUNCT flr-162 201 1 the the DET flr-162 201 2 assumed assume VERB flr-162 201 3 factor factor NOUN flr-162 201 4 structure structure NOUN flr-162 201 5 was be AUX flr-162 201 6 based base VERB flr-162 201 7 on on ADP flr-162 201 8 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 201 9 ’s ’s PART flr-162 201 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 201 11 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 201 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 201 13 a a DET flr-162 201 14 priori priori ADJ flr-162 201 15 categorization categorization NOUN flr-162 201 16 of of ADP flr-162 201 17 the the DET flr-162 201 18 variables variable NOUN flr-162 201 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 202 1 the the DET flr-162 202 2 factor factor NOUN flr-162 202 3 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 202 4 contained contain VERB flr-162 202 5 variables variable NOUN flr-162 202 6 from from ADP flr-162 202 7 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 202 8 ’s ’s PART flr-162 202 9 categories category NOUN flr-162 202 10 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 202 11 and and CCONJ flr-162 202 12 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 202 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 202 14 the the DET flr-162 202 15 factor factor NOUN flr-162 202 16 school school NOUN flr-162 202 17 contained contain VERB flr-162 202 18 variables variable NOUN flr-162 202 19 from from ADP flr-162 202 20 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 202 21 ’s ’s PART flr-162 202 22 category category NOUN flr-162 202 23 school school NOUN flr-162 202 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 202 25 and and CCONJ flr-162 202 26 the the DET flr-162 202 27 factor factor NOUN flr-162 202 28 student student NOUN flr-162 202 29 contained contain VERB flr-162 202 30 variables variable NOUN flr-162 202 31 from from ADP flr-162 202 32 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 202 33 ’s ’s PART flr-162 202 34 category category NOUN flr-162 202 35 student student NOUN flr-162 202 36 . . PUNCT flr-162 203 1 modification modification NOUN flr-162 203 2 indices index NOUN flr-162 203 3 indicated indicate VERB flr-162 203 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 203 5 however however ADV flr-162 203 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 203 7 that that SCONJ flr-162 203 8 the the DET flr-162 203 9 factor factor NOUN flr-162 203 10 teaching teach VERB flr-162 203 11     SPACE flr-162 203 12 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 203 13     SPACE flr-162 203 14 et et PROPN flr-162 203 15     SPACE flr-162 203 16 al al PROPN flr-162 203 17     SPACE flr-162 203 18 f f PROPN flr-162 203 19     SPACE flr-162 203 20 | | ADV flr-162 203 21 f f NOUN flr-162 203 22 l l NOUN flr-162 203 23 r r NOUN flr-162 203 24         SPACE flr-162 203 25 35 35 NUM flr-162 203 26     SPACE flr-162 203 27 was be AUX flr-162 203 28 to to PART flr-162 203 29 be be AUX flr-162 203 30 split split VERB flr-162 203 31 in in ADP flr-162 203 32 two two NUM flr-162 203 33 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 203 34 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 203 35 and and CCONJ flr-162 203 36 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 203 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 203 38 . . PUNCT flr-162 204 1 in in ADP flr-162 204 2 the the DET flr-162 204 3 final final ADJ flr-162 204 4 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 204 5 model model NOUN flr-162 204 6 we we PRON flr-162 204 7 specified specify VERB flr-162 204 8 four four NUM flr-162 204 9 latent latent NOUN flr-162 204 10 variables variable NOUN flr-162 204 11 using use VERB flr-162 204 12 maximum maximum ADJ flr-162 204 13 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-162 204 14 estimation estimation NOUN flr-162 204 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 204 16 ml ml NOUN flr-162 204 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 204 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 205 1 the the DET flr-162 205 2 latent latent NOUN flr-162 205 3 variables variable NOUN flr-162 205 4 were be AUX flr-162 205 5 allowed allow VERB flr-162 205 6 to to PART flr-162 205 7 correlate correlate VERB flr-162 205 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 205 9 some some DET flr-162 205 10 error error NOUN flr-162 205 11 terms term NOUN flr-162 205 12 of of ADP flr-162 205 13 manifest manifest ADJ flr-162 205 14 variables variable NOUN flr-162 205 15 were be AUX flr-162 205 16 allowed allow VERB flr-162 205 17 to to PART flr-162 205 18 covary covary ADJ flr-162 205 19 if if SCONJ flr-162 205 20 considered consider VERB flr-162 205 21 plausible plausible ADJ flr-162 205 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 206 1 missing miss VERB flr-162 206 2 data datum NOUN flr-162 206 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 206 4 < < X flr-162 206 5 5 5 NUM flr-162 206 6 % % NOUN flr-162 206 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 206 8 were be AUX flr-162 206 9 estimated estimate VERB flr-162 206 10 with with ADP flr-162 206 11 the the DET flr-162 206 12 help help NOUN flr-162 206 13 of of ADP flr-162 206 14 the the DET flr-162 206 15 full full ADJ flr-162 206 16 information information NOUN flr-162 206 17 maximum maximum ADJ flr-162 206 18 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-162 206 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 206 20 fiml fiml NOUN flr-162 206 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 206 22 procedure procedure NOUN flr-162 206 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 207 1 subsequently subsequently ADV flr-162 207 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 207 3 in in ADP flr-162 207 4 order order NOUN flr-162 207 5 to to PART flr-162 207 6 allow allow VERB flr-162 207 7 for for ADP flr-162 207 8 meaningful meaningful ADJ flr-162 207 9 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-162 207 10 between between ADP flr-162 207 11 the the DET flr-162 207 12 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-162 207 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 207 14 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 207 15 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 207 16 was be AUX flr-162 207 17 tested test VERB flr-162 207 18 using use VERB flr-162 207 19 a a DET flr-162 207 20 multiple multiple ADJ flr-162 207 21 - - PUNCT flr-162 207 22 group group NOUN flr-162 207 23 modeling modeling NOUN flr-162 207 24 approach approach NOUN flr-162 207 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 207 26 meredith meredith PROPN flr-162 207 27 & & CCONJ flr-162 207 28 teresi teresi PROPN flr-162 207 29 , , PUNCT flr-162 207 30 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 207 31 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 207 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 208 1 for for ADP flr-162 208 2 a a DET flr-162 208 3 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 208 4 of of ADP flr-162 208 5 latent latent NOUN flr-162 208 6 means mean VERB flr-162 208 7 across across ADP flr-162 208 8 the the DET flr-162 208 9 two two NUM flr-162 208 10 groups group NOUN flr-162 208 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 208 12 prevs prevs NOUN flr-162 208 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 209 1 in in ADP flr-162 209 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 209 3 service service NOUN flr-162 209 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 209 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 209 6 at at ADP flr-162 209 7 least least ADJ flr-162 209 8 partial partial ADJ flr-162 209 9 scalar scalar ADJ flr-162 209 10 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 209 11 is be AUX flr-162 209 12 required require VERB flr-162 209 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 209 14 byrne byrne ADJ flr-162 209 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 209 16 shavelson shavelson PROPN flr-162 209 17 & & CCONJ flr-162 209 18 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 209 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 209 20 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 209 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 209 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 210 1 in in ADP flr-162 210 2 multiple multiple ADJ flr-162 210 3 group group NOUN flr-162 210 4 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 210 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 210 6 when when SCONJ flr-162 210 7 the the DET flr-162 210 8 specified specified ADJ flr-162 210 9 model model NOUN flr-162 210 10 includes include VERB flr-162 210 11 a a DET flr-162 210 12 mean mean ADJ flr-162 210 13 structure structure NOUN flr-162 210 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 210 15 both both CCONJ flr-162 210 16 the the DET flr-162 210 17 intercepts intercept NOUN flr-162 210 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 210 19 factor factor NOUN flr-162 210 20 loadings loading NOUN flr-162 210 21 of of ADP flr-162 210 22 the the DET flr-162 210 23 continuous continuous ADJ flr-162 210 24 factor factor NOUN flr-162 210 25 indicators indicator NOUN flr-162 210 26 are be AUX flr-162 210 27 held hold VERB flr-162 210 28 equal equal ADJ flr-162 210 29 across across ADP flr-162 210 30 groups group NOUN flr-162 210 31 to to PART flr-162 210 32 specify specify VERB flr-162 210 33 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 210 34 scalar scalar ADJ flr-162 210 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 210 36 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 210 37 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 210 38 . . PUNCT flr-162 211 1 the the DET flr-162 211 2 intercepts intercept NOUN flr-162 211 3 of of ADP flr-162 211 4 the the DET flr-162 211 5 factors factor NOUN flr-162 211 6 are be AUX flr-162 211 7 fixed fix VERB flr-162 211 8 at at ADP flr-162 211 9 zero zero NUM flr-162 211 10 in in ADP flr-162 211 11 the the DET flr-162 211 12 first first ADJ flr-162 211 13 group group NOUN flr-162 211 14 and and CCONJ flr-162 211 15 are be AUX flr-162 211 16 free free ADJ flr-162 211 17 to to PART flr-162 211 18 be be AUX flr-162 211 19 estimated estimate VERB flr-162 211 20 in in ADP flr-162 211 21 the the DET flr-162 211 22 other other ADJ flr-162 211 23 groups group NOUN flr-162 211 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 212 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 212 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 212 3 differences difference NOUN flr-162 212 4 between between ADP flr-162 212 5 the the DET flr-162 212 6 two two NUM flr-162 212 7 groups group NOUN flr-162 212 8 can can AUX flr-162 212 9 be be AUX flr-162 212 10 determined determine VERB flr-162 212 11 based base VERB flr-162 212 12 on on ADP flr-162 212 13 the the DET flr-162 212 14 latent latent NOUN flr-162 212 15 factors factor NOUN flr-162 212 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 213 1 4 4 X flr-162 213 2 . . NOUN flr-162 213 3 results result VERB flr-162 213 4 4.1 4.1 NUM flr-162 213 5 descriptive descriptive ADJ flr-162 213 6 statistics statistic NOUN flr-162 213 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 213 8 item item NOUN flr-162 213 9 level level NOUN flr-162 213 10 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 213 11 table table NOUN flr-162 213 12 2 2 NUM flr-162 213 13 shows show VERB flr-162 213 14 descriptive descriptive ADJ flr-162 213 15 statistics statistic NOUN flr-162 213 16 for for ADP flr-162 213 17 the the DET flr-162 213 18 two two NUM flr-162 213 19 groups group NOUN flr-162 213 20 – – PUNCT flr-162 213 21 preand preand VERB flr-162 213 22 in in ADP flr-162 213 23 - - PUNCT flr-162 213 24 service service NOUN flr-162 213 25 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 213 26 – – PUNCT flr-162 213 27 on on ADP flr-162 213 28 item item NOUN flr-162 213 29 level level NOUN flr-162 213 30 as as ADV flr-162 213 31 well well ADV flr-162 213 32 as as ADP flr-162 213 33 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 213 34 ’s ’s PART flr-162 213 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 213 36 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 213 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 213 38 research research NOUN flr-162 213 39 results result NOUN flr-162 213 40 . . PUNCT flr-162 214 1 the the DET flr-162 214 2 factors factor NOUN flr-162 214 3 are be AUX flr-162 214 4 ranked rank VERB flr-162 214 5 by by ADP flr-162 214 6 the the DET flr-162 214 7 size size NOUN flr-162 214 8 of of ADP flr-162 214 9 their their PRON flr-162 214 10 effect effect NOUN flr-162 214 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 214 12 d d X flr-162 214 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 214 14 on on ADP flr-162 214 15 student student NOUN flr-162 214 16 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 214 17 as as SCONJ flr-162 214 18 found find VERB flr-162 214 19 by by ADP flr-162 214 20 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 214 21 in in ADP flr-162 214 22 his his PRON flr-162 214 23 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 214 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 215 1 in in ADP flr-162 215 2 the the DET flr-162 215 3 following following NOUN flr-162 215 4 we we PRON flr-162 215 5 elaborate elaborate VERB flr-162 215 6 on on ADP flr-162 215 7 the the DET flr-162 215 8 descriptive descriptive ADJ flr-162 215 9 results result NOUN flr-162 215 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 215 11 especially especially ADV flr-162 215 12 on on ADP flr-162 215 13 those those DET flr-162 215 14 variables variable NOUN flr-162 215 15 with with ADP flr-162 215 16 the the DET flr-162 215 17 highest high ADJ flr-162 215 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 215 19 lowest low ADJ flr-162 215 20 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 215 21 in in ADP flr-162 215 22 each each DET flr-162 215 23 group group NOUN flr-162 215 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 216 1 both both DET flr-162 216 2 groups group NOUN flr-162 216 3 seemed seem VERB flr-162 216 4 to to PART flr-162 216 5 believe believe VERB flr-162 216 6 in in ADP flr-162 216 7 the the DET flr-162 216 8 importance importance NOUN flr-162 216 9 of of ADP flr-162 216 10 student student NOUN flr-162 216 11 variables variable NOUN flr-162 216 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 216 13 as as SCONJ flr-162 216 14 they they PRON flr-162 216 15 both both PRON flr-162 216 16 showed show VERB flr-162 216 17 the the DET flr-162 216 18 highest high ADJ flr-162 216 19 means mean NOUN flr-162 216 20 on on ADP flr-162 216 21 the the DET flr-162 216 22 factors factor NOUN flr-162 216 23 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 216 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 216 25 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 216 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 217 1 ranked rank VERB flr-162 217 2 third third ADV flr-162 217 3 by by ADP flr-162 217 4 both both PRON flr-162 217 5 preand preand VERB flr-162 217 6 in in ADP flr-162 217 7 - - PUNCT flr-162 217 8 service service NOUN flr-162 217 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 217 10 was be AUX flr-162 217 11 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 217 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 218 1 multi multi ADJ flr-162 218 2 - - ADJ flr-162 218 3 grade grade ADJ flr-162 218 4 / / SYM flr-162 218 5 age age NOUN flr-162 218 6 learning learning NOUN flr-162 218 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 218 8 in in ADP flr-162 218 9 - - PUNCT flr-162 218 10 service service NOUN flr-162 218 11 group group NOUN flr-162 218 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 218 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 218 14 direct direct ADJ flr-162 218 15 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 218 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 218 17 pre pre ADJ flr-162 218 18 - - ADJ flr-162 218 19 service service ADJ flr-162 218 20 group group NOUN flr-162 218 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 218 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 218 23 respectively respectively ADV flr-162 218 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 218 25 had have VERB flr-162 218 26 the the DET flr-162 218 27 lowest low ADJ flr-162 218 28 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 218 29 of of ADP flr-162 218 30 all all DET flr-162 218 31 16 16 NUM flr-162 218 32 factors factor NOUN flr-162 218 33 . . PUNCT flr-162 219 1 pre pre ADJ flr-162 219 2 - - ADJ flr-162 219 3 service service ADJ flr-162 219 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 219 5 had have VERB flr-162 219 6 significantly significantly ADV flr-162 219 7 higher high ADJ flr-162 219 8 effect effect NOUN flr-162 219 9 sizes size NOUN flr-162 219 10 for for ADP flr-162 219 11 the the DET flr-162 219 12 variables variable NOUN flr-162 219 13 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 219 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 15 prior prior ADJ flr-162 219 16 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 219 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 18 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 219 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 20 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 219 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 22 class class NOUN flr-162 219 23 size size NOUN flr-162 219 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 25 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 219 26 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 219 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 28 within within ADP flr-162 219 29 - - PUNCT flr-162 219 30 class class NOUN flr-162 219 31 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 219 32 , , PUNCT flr-162 219 33 and and CCONJ flr-162 219 34 open open ADJ flr-162 219 35 learning learning NOUN flr-162 219 36 . . PUNCT flr-162 220 1 in in ADP flr-162 220 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 220 3 service service NOUN flr-162 220 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 220 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 220 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 220 7 showed show VERB flr-162 220 8 higher high ADJ flr-162 220 9 effect effect NOUN flr-162 220 10 sizes size NOUN flr-162 220 11 for for ADP flr-162 220 12 direct direct ADJ flr-162 220 13 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 220 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 220 15 high high ADJ flr-162 220 16 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 220 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 220 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 220 19 selfconcept selfconcept VERB flr-162 220 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 221 1 table table NOUN flr-162 221 2 2 2 NUM flr-162 221 3 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 221 4 's 's PART flr-162 221 5 effect effect NOUN flr-162 221 6 sizes size NOUN flr-162 221 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 8 d d NOUN flr-162 221 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 221 11 group group NOUN flr-162 221 12 means mean VERB flr-162 221 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 14 mgroup mgroup NOUN flr-162 221 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 221 17 and and CCONJ flr-162 221 18 standard standard ADJ flr-162 221 19 deviations deviation NOUN flr-162 221 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 21 sd sd NOUN flr-162 221 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 23 factors factor NOUN flr-162 221 24 dhattie dhattie VERB flr-162 221 25 min min ADJ flr-162 221 26 - - ADJ flr-162 221 27 service service ADJ flr-162 221 28 mpre mpre ADJ flr-162 221 29 - - PUNCT flr-162 221 30 service service NOUN flr-162 221 31 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 221 32 .73 .73 NUM flr-162 221 33 .55 .55 NUM flr-162 221 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 35 .23 .23 NUM flr-162 221 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 37 .62 .62 NUM flr-162 221 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 39 .24)a .24)a NOUN flr-162 221 40 teaching teach VERB flr-162 221 41 meta meta ADJ flr-162 221 42 - - PUNCT flr-162 221 43 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 221 44 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 221 45 .69 .69 NUM flr-162 221 46 .53 .53 NUM flr-162 221 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 48 .25 .25 NUM flr-162 221 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 50 .53 .53 NUM flr-162 221 51 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 52 .26 .26 NUM flr-162 221 53 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 54 prior prior ADJ flr-162 221 55 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 221 56 .67 .67 NUM flr-162 221 57 .32 .32 NUM flr-162 221 58 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 221 59 .23 .23 NUM flr-162 221 60 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 221 61 .39 .39 NUM flr-162 222 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 2 .24)a .24)a PROPN flr-162 222 3 professional professional PROPN flr-162 222 4 development development PROPN flr-162 222 5 .62 .62 NUM flr-162 222 6 .40 .40 NUM flr-162 222 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 8 .23 .23 NUM flr-162 222 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 10 .42 .42 NUM flr-162 222 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 12 .25 .25 NUM flr-162 222 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 14 direct direct ADJ flr-162 222 15 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 222 16 .59 .59 NUM flr-162 222 17 .28 .28 NUM flr-162 222 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 19 .23)a .23)a PROPN flr-162 222 20 .18 .18 NUM flr-162 222 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 22 .25 .25 NUM flr-162 222 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 24 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 222 25 .48 .48 NUM flr-162 222 26 .63 .63 NUM flr-162 222 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 28 .24 .24 NUM flr-162 222 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 30 .73 .73 NUM flr-162 222 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 32 .22)a .22)a NOUN flr-162 222 33 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 222 34 .43 .43 NUM flr-162 222 35 .36 .36 NUM flr-162 222 36 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 37 .25)a .25)a PROPN flr-162 222 38 .23 .23 NUM flr-162 222 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 40 .29 .29 NUM flr-162 222 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 42 self self NOUN flr-162 222 43 - - PUNCT flr-162 222 44 concept concept NOUN flr-162 222 45 .43 .43 NUM flr-162 222 46 .55 .55 NUM flr-162 222 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 48 .21)a .21)a PUNCT flr-162 222 49 .48 .48 NUM flr-162 222 50 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 51 .24 .24 NUM flr-162 222 52 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 53 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 222 54 .36 .36 NUM flr-162 222 55 .56 .56 NUM flr-162 222 56 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 57 .24 .24 NUM flr-162 222 58 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 59 .66 .66 NUM flr-162 222 60 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 61 .21)a .21)a PUNCT flr-162 222 62 frequent frequent ADJ flr-162 222 63 / / SYM flr-162 222 64 effects effect NOUN flr-162 222 65 of of ADP flr-162 222 66 testing testing NOUN flr-162 222 67 .34 .34 NUM flr-162 222 68 .34 .34 NUM flr-162 222 69 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 70 .24 .24 NUM flr-162 222 71 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 72 .34 .34 NUM flr-162 222 73 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 222 74 .26 .26 NUM flr-162 222 75 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 222 76     SPACE flr-162 222 77 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 222 78     SPACE flr-162 222 79 et et PROPN flr-162 222 80     SPACE flr-162 222 81 al al PROPN flr-162 222 82     SPACE flr-162 222 83 f f PROPN flr-162 222 84     SPACE flr-162 223 1 | | ADV flr-162 223 2 f f NOUN flr-162 223 3 l l NOUN flr-162 223 4 r r NOUN flr-162 223 5         SPACE flr-162 223 6 36 36 NUM flr-162 223 7     SPACE flr-162 223 8 class class NOUN flr-162 223 9 size size NOUN flr-162 223 10 .21 .21 NUM flr-162 223 11 .34 .34 NUM flr-162 223 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 223 13 .31 .31 NUM flr-162 223 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 223 15 .59 .59 NUM flr-162 223 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 223 17 .30)a .30)a PROPN flr-162 223 18 co-/team co-/team PROPN flr-162 223 19 teaching teach VERB flr-162 223 20 .19 .19 NUM flr-162 223 21 .37 .37 NUM flr-162 223 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 223 23 .27 .27 NUM flr-162 223 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 223 25 .45 .45 NUM flr-162 223 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 223 27 .28)a .28)a PUNCT flr-162 223 28 within within ADP flr-162 223 29 - - PUNCT flr-162 223 30 class class NOUN flr-162 223 31 grouping group VERB flr-162 223 32 .16 .16 NUM flr-162 223 33 .48 .48 NUM flr-162 223 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 223 35 .27 .27 NUM flr-162 223 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 223 37 .61 .61 NUM flr-162 224 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 224 2 .24)a .24)a AUX flr-162 224 3 problem problem NOUN flr-162 224 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 224 5 based base VERB flr-162 224 6 learning learn VERB flr-162 224 7 .15 .15 NUM flr-162 224 8 .52 .52 NUM flr-162 224 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 224 10 .23 .23 NUM flr-162 224 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 224 12 .52 .52 NUM flr-162 224 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 224 14 .25 .25 NUM flr-162 224 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 224 16 multi multi ADJ flr-162 224 17 - - ADJ flr-162 224 18 grade grade ADJ flr-162 224 19 / / SYM flr-162 224 20 age age NOUN flr-162 224 21 classes class NOUN flr-162 224 22 .04 .04 NUM flr-162 224 23 .19 .19 NUM flr-162 224 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 224 25 .26 .26 NUM flr-162 224 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 225 1 .22 .22 NUM flr-162 225 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 225 3 .27 .27 NUM flr-162 225 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 225 5 open open ADJ flr-162 225 6 learning learn VERB flr-162 225 7 .01 .01 NUM flr-162 225 8 .29 .29 NUM flr-162 225 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 225 10 .27 .27 NUM flr-162 225 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 225 12 .37 .37 NUM flr-162 226 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 226 2 .27)a .27)a ADP flr-162 226 3 a a DET flr-162 226 4 superscript superscript PROPN flr-162 226 5 characters character NOUN flr-162 226 6 indicate indicate VERB flr-162 226 7 statistically statistically ADV flr-162 226 8 significant significant ADJ flr-162 226 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 226 10 p p X flr-162 226 11 < < X flr-162 226 12 .01 .01 NUM flr-162 226 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 226 14 higher high ADJ flr-162 226 15 mean mean ADJ flr-162 226 16 effect effect NOUN flr-162 226 17 sizes size NOUN flr-162 226 18 for for ADP flr-162 226 19 the the DET flr-162 226 20 respective respective ADJ flr-162 226 21 group group NOUN flr-162 226 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 226 23 results result NOUN flr-162 226 24 of of ADP flr-162 226 25 two two NUM flr-162 226 26 - - PUNCT flr-162 226 27 sample sample NOUN flr-162 226 28 independent independent ADJ flr-162 226 29 t t NOUN flr-162 226 30 - - PUNCT flr-162 226 31 tests test NOUN flr-162 226 32 using use VERB flr-162 226 33 bonferroni bonferroni NOUN flr-162 226 34 correction correction NOUN flr-162 226 35 to to PART flr-162 226 36 account account VERB flr-162 226 37 for for ADP flr-162 226 38 the the DET flr-162 226 39 multiple multiple ADJ flr-162 226 40 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-162 226 41 problem problem NOUN flr-162 226 42 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 226 43 we we PRON flr-162 226 44 determined determine VERB flr-162 226 45 bivariate bivariate ADJ flr-162 226 46 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 226 47 for for ADP flr-162 226 48 each each DET flr-162 226 49 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 226 50 ’s ’s PART flr-162 226 51 rating rating NOUN flr-162 226 52 profile profile NOUN flr-162 226 53 on on ADP flr-162 226 54 the the DET flr-162 226 55 one one NUM flr-162 226 56 hand hand NOUN flr-162 226 57 and and CCONJ flr-162 226 58 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 226 59 ’s ’s PART flr-162 226 60 results result NOUN flr-162 226 61 on on ADP flr-162 226 62 the the DET flr-162 226 63 other other ADJ flr-162 226 64 by by ADP flr-162 226 65 calculating calculate VERB flr-162 226 66 pearson pearson PROPN flr-162 226 67 ’s ’s PART flr-162 226 68 r r NOUN flr-162 226 69 for for ADP flr-162 226 70 each each DET flr-162 226 71 person person NOUN flr-162 226 72 . . PUNCT flr-162 227 1 the the DET flr-162 227 2 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-162 227 3 were be AUX flr-162 227 4 transformed transform VERB flr-162 227 5 by by ADP flr-162 227 6 fisher fisher PROPN flr-162 227 7 ’s ’s PART flr-162 227 8 z z PROPN flr-162 227 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 227 10 aggregated aggregate VERB flr-162 227 11 per per ADP flr-162 227 12 group group NOUN flr-162 227 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 228 1 these these DET flr-162 228 2 means mean NOUN flr-162 228 3 were be AUX flr-162 228 4 then then ADV flr-162 228 5 compared compare VERB flr-162 228 6 using use VERB flr-162 228 7 an an DET flr-162 228 8 independent independent ADJ flr-162 228 9 - - PUNCT flr-162 228 10 sample sample NOUN flr-162 228 11 t t NOUN flr-162 228 12 - - PUNCT flr-162 228 13 test test NOUN flr-162 228 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 229 1 for for ADP flr-162 229 2 the the DET flr-162 229 3 pre pre ADJ flr-162 229 4 - - ADJ flr-162 229 5 service service ADJ flr-162 229 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 229 7 the the DET flr-162 229 8 mean mean ADJ flr-162 229 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 229 10 fisher fisher PROPN flr-162 229 11 z z PROPN flr-162 229 12 - - PUNCT flr-162 229 13 transformed transform VERB flr-162 229 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 229 15 correlation correlation NOUN flr-162 229 16 with with ADP flr-162 229 17 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 229 18 ’s ’s PART flr-162 229 19 d d NOUN flr-162 229 20 was be AUX flr-162 229 21 mz=.06 mz=.06 X flr-162 229 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 229 23 sd sd NOUN flr-162 229 24 = = NOUN flr-162 229 25 .32 .32 NUM flr-162 229 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 229 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 229 28 for for ADP flr-162 229 29 the the DET flr-162 229 30 in in ADP flr-162 229 31 - - PUNCT flr-162 229 32 service service NOUN flr-162 229 33 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 229 34 it it PRON flr-162 229 35 was be AUX flr-162 229 36 mz mz PROPN flr-162 229 37 = = SYM flr-162 229 38 .23 .23 NUM flr-162 229 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 229 40 sd sd NOUN flr-162 229 41 = = SYM flr-162 229 42 .35 .35 NUM flr-162 229 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 229 44 . . PUNCT flr-162 230 1 these these DET flr-162 230 2 group group NOUN flr-162 230 3 differences difference NOUN flr-162 230 4 were be AUX flr-162 230 5 statistically statistically ADV flr-162 230 6 significant significant ADJ flr-162 230 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 230 8 t[715 t[715 ADP flr-162 230 9 ] ] X flr-162 230 10 = = SYM flr-162 230 11 7.12 7.12 NUM flr-162 230 12 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 230 13 p p X flr-162 230 14 < < X flr-162 230 15 .001 .001 NUM flr-162 230 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 230 17 d d PROPN flr-162 230 18 = = SYM flr-162 230 19 .51 .51 NUM flr-162 230 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 230 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 230 22 indicating indicate VERB flr-162 230 23 a a DET flr-162 230 24 substantially substantially ADV flr-162 230 25 higher high ADJ flr-162 230 26 degree degree NOUN flr-162 230 27 of of ADP flr-162 230 28 conformity conformity NOUN flr-162 230 29 of of ADP flr-162 230 30 the the DET flr-162 230 31 experts expert NOUN flr-162 230 32 ’ ’ PART flr-162 230 33 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 230 34 with with ADP flr-162 230 35 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 230 36 ’s ’s PART flr-162 230 37 results result NOUN flr-162 230 38 . . PUNCT flr-162 231 1 4.2 4.2 NUM flr-162 231 2 cfa cfa NOUN flr-162 231 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 231 4 multiple multiple ADJ flr-162 231 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 231 6 group group NOUN flr-162 231 7 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 231 8 a a DET flr-162 231 9 priori priori ADV flr-162 231 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 231 11 for for ADP flr-162 231 12 the the DET flr-162 231 13 item item NOUN flr-162 231 14 pool pool NOUN flr-162 231 15 selected select VERB flr-162 231 16 for for ADP flr-162 231 17 this this DET flr-162 231 18 study study NOUN flr-162 231 19 we we PRON flr-162 231 20 assumed assume VERB flr-162 231 21 three three NUM flr-162 231 22 latent latent NOUN flr-162 231 23 factors factor NOUN flr-162 231 24 based base VERB flr-162 231 25 on on ADP flr-162 231 26 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 231 27 ’s ’s PART flr-162 231 28 categorization categorization NOUN flr-162 231 29 of of ADP flr-162 231 30 indicators indicator NOUN flr-162 231 31 : : PUNCT flr-162 231 32 school school NOUN flr-162 231 33 , , PUNCT flr-162 231 34 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 231 35 / / SYM flr-162 231 36 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 231 37 and and CCONJ flr-162 231 38 student student NOUN flr-162 231 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 231 40 χ2[95]=586.36 χ2[95]=586.36 NOUN flr-162 231 41 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 231 42 cfi=.85 cfi=.85 NOUN flr-162 231 43 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 231 44 rmsea=.08 rmsea=.08 NOUN flr-162 231 45 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 231 46 tli=.81 tli=.81 NUM flr-162 231 47 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 231 48 srmr=.08 srmr=.08 NUM flr-162 231 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 231 50 . . PUNCT flr-162 232 1 empirically empirically ADV flr-162 232 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 232 3 however however ADV flr-162 232 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 232 5 a a DET flr-162 232 6 four four NUM flr-162 232 7 - - PUNCT flr-162 232 8 dimensional dimensional ADJ flr-162 232 9 structure structure NOUN flr-162 232 10 resulted result VERB flr-162 232 11 in in ADP flr-162 232 12 a a DET flr-162 232 13 better well ADJ flr-162 232 14 model model NOUN flr-162 232 15 fit fit NOUN flr-162 232 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 232 17 χ2[92 χ2[92 PROPN flr-162 232 18 ] ] X flr-162 232 19 = = PUNCT flr-162 233 1 340.85 340.85 NUM flr-162 233 2 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 233 3 cfi cfi PROPN flr-162 233 4 = = PROPN flr-162 233 5 .92 .92 NUM flr-162 233 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 233 7 rmsea rmsea NOUN flr-162 233 8 = = SYM flr-162 233 9 .06 .06 NUM flr-162 233 10 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 233 11 tli tli X flr-162 233 12 = = SYM flr-162 233 13 .90 .90 NUM flr-162 233 14 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 233 15 srmr srmr PROPN flr-162 233 16 = = NOUN flr-162 233 17 .05 .05 NUM flr-162 233 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 233 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 234 1 the the DET flr-162 234 2 factor factor NOUN flr-162 234 3 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 234 4 was be AUX flr-162 234 5 split split VERB flr-162 234 6 in in ADP flr-162 234 7 two two NUM flr-162 234 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 234 9 separating separate VERB flr-162 234 10 the the DET flr-162 234 11 strongly strongly ADV flr-162 234 12 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 234 13 - - PUNCT flr-162 234 14 focused focus VERB flr-162 234 15 indicators indicator NOUN flr-162 234 16 from from ADP flr-162 234 17 more more ADV flr-162 234 18 specific specific ADJ flr-162 234 19 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 234 20 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 234 21 behaviors behavior NOUN flr-162 234 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 235 1 the the DET flr-162 235 2 improvement improvement NOUN flr-162 235 3 in in ADP flr-162 235 4 goodness goodness NOUN flr-162 235 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 235 6 of of ADP flr-162 235 7 - - PUNCT flr-162 235 8 fit fit ADJ flr-162 235 9 indices index NOUN flr-162 235 10 was be AUX flr-162 235 11 substantial substantial ADJ flr-162 235 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 235 13 δcfi δcfi NOUN flr-162 235 14 > > X flr-162 235 15 .01 .01 NUM flr-162 235 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 235 17 δrmsea δrmsea PROPN flr-162 235 18 > > X flr-162 235 19 .015 .015 NUM flr-162 235 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 235 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 235 22 cheung cheung PROPN flr-162 235 23 & & CCONJ flr-162 235 24 rensvold rensvold PROPN flr-162 235 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 235 26 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 235 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 235 28 , , PUNCT flr-162 235 29 so so ADV flr-162 235 30 we we PRON flr-162 235 31 decided decide VERB flr-162 235 32 on on ADP flr-162 235 33 the the DET flr-162 235 34 four four NUM flr-162 235 35 - - PUNCT flr-162 235 36 dimensional dimensional ADJ flr-162 235 37 model model NOUN flr-162 235 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 235 39 see see VERB flr-162 235 40 table table NOUN flr-162 235 41 3 3 NUM flr-162 235 42 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 235 43 . . PUNCT flr-162 236 1 residual residual ADJ flr-162 236 2 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 236 3 were be AUX flr-162 236 4 allowed allow VERB flr-162 236 5 for for ADP flr-162 236 6 some some DET flr-162 236 7 indicators indicator NOUN flr-162 236 8 with with ADP flr-162 236 9 substantial substantial ADJ flr-162 236 10 covariance covariance NOUN flr-162 236 11 that that PRON flr-162 236 12 was be AUX flr-162 236 13 not not PART flr-162 236 14 explained explain VERB flr-162 236 15 by by ADP flr-162 236 16 the the DET flr-162 236 17 latent latent NOUN flr-162 236 18 factor factor NOUN flr-162 236 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 237 1 all all DET flr-162 237 2 items item NOUN flr-162 237 3 loaded load VERB flr-162 237 4 significantly significantly ADV flr-162 237 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 237 6 p p X flr-162 237 7 < < X flr-162 237 8 .001 .001 NUM flr-162 237 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 237 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 237 11 almost almost ADV flr-162 237 12 all all PRON flr-162 237 13 items item NOUN flr-162 237 14 loaded load VERB flr-162 237 15 substantially substantially ADV flr-162 237 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 237 17 λ λ X flr-162 237 18 ≥ ≥ NUM flr-162 237 19 .4 .4 NUM flr-162 237 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 237 21 on on ADP flr-162 237 22 one one NUM flr-162 237 23 of of ADP flr-162 237 24 the the DET flr-162 237 25 latent latent NOUN flr-162 237 26 factors factor NOUN flr-162 237 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 238 1 the the DET flr-162 238 2 only only ADJ flr-162 238 3 items item NOUN flr-162 238 4 with with ADP flr-162 238 5 factor factor NOUN flr-162 238 6 loadings loading NOUN flr-162 238 7 slightly slightly ADV flr-162 238 8 below below ADP flr-162 238 9 the the DET flr-162 238 10 minimum minimum ADJ flr-162 238 11 value value NOUN flr-162 238 12 were be AUX flr-162 238 13 prior prior ADJ flr-162 238 14 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 238 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 238 16 λ λ X flr-162 238 17 = = SYM flr-162 238 18 .37 .37 NUM flr-162 238 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 238 20 and and CCONJ flr-162 238 21 multi multi ADJ flr-162 238 22 - - ADJ flr-162 238 23 grade grade ADJ flr-162 238 24 / / SYM flr-162 238 25 age age NOUN flr-162 238 26 classes class NOUN flr-162 238 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 238 28 λ λ X flr-162 238 29 = = NOUN flr-162 238 30 .37 .37 NUM flr-162 238 31 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 238 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 239 1 the the DET flr-162 239 2 former former ADJ flr-162 239 3 is be AUX flr-162 239 4 the the DET flr-162 239 5 only only ADJ flr-162 239 6 indicator indicator NOUN flr-162 239 7 for for ADP flr-162 239 8 the the DET flr-162 239 9 factor factor NOUN flr-162 239 10 student student NOUN flr-162 239 11 that that PRON flr-162 239 12 focuses focus VERB flr-162 239 13 on on ADP flr-162 239 14 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 239 15 rather rather ADV flr-162 239 16 than than ADP flr-162 239 17 motivational motivational ADJ flr-162 239 18 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 239 19 of of ADP flr-162 239 20 a a DET flr-162 239 21 student student NOUN flr-162 239 22 ’s ’s PART flr-162 239 23 academic academic ADJ flr-162 239 24 prerequisites prerequisite NOUN flr-162 239 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 240 1 this this PRON flr-162 240 2 might might AUX flr-162 240 3 explain explain VERB flr-162 240 4 the the DET flr-162 240 5 low low ADJ flr-162 240 6 factor factor NOUN flr-162 240 7 loading loading NOUN flr-162 240 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 241 1 the the DET flr-162 241 2 latter latter ADJ flr-162 241 3 may may AUX flr-162 241 4 have have AUX flr-162 241 5 been be AUX flr-162 241 6 a a DET flr-162 241 7 difficult difficult ADJ flr-162 241 8 concept concept NOUN flr-162 241 9 for for ADP flr-162 241 10 many many ADJ flr-162 241 11 of of ADP flr-162 241 12 the the DET flr-162 241 13 participants participant NOUN flr-162 241 14 as as SCONJ flr-162 241 15 by by ADP flr-162 241 16 far far ADV flr-162 241 17 not not PART flr-162 241 18 all all DET flr-162 241 19 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 241 20 encounter encounter VERB flr-162 241 21 this this DET flr-162 241 22 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 241 23 challenge challenge NOUN flr-162 241 24 throughout throughout ADP flr-162 241 25 their their PRON flr-162 241 26 careers career NOUN flr-162 241 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 242 1 due due ADP flr-162 242 2 to to ADP flr-162 242 3 high high ADJ flr-162 242 4 modification modification NOUN flr-162 242 5 indices index NOUN flr-162 242 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 242 7 residual residual ADJ flr-162 242 8 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 242 9 were be AUX flr-162 242 10 allowed allow VERB flr-162 242 11 for for ADP flr-162 242 12 six six NUM flr-162 242 13 item item NOUN flr-162 242 14 pairs pair NOUN flr-162 242 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 242 16 multigrade multigrade ADJ flr-162 242 17 / / SYM flr-162 242 18 age age NOUN flr-162 242 19 classes class NOUN flr-162 242 20 with with ADP flr-162 242 21 open open ADJ flr-162 242 22 learning learning NOUN flr-162 242 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 242 24 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 242 25 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 242 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 242 27 class class NOUN flr-162 242 28 size size NOUN flr-162 242 29 with with ADP flr-162 242 30 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 242 31 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 242 32 and and CCONJ flr-162 242 33 withinclass withinclass NOUN flr-162 242 34 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 242 35 , , PUNCT flr-162 242 36 teaching teach VERB flr-162 242 37 meta meta ADJ flr-162 242 38 - - PUNCT flr-162 242 39 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 242 40 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 242 41 with with ADP flr-162 242 42 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 242 43 , , PUNCT flr-162 242 44 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 242 45 with with ADP flr-162 242 46 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 242 47 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 242 48 . . PUNCT flr-162 243 1 the the DET flr-162 243 2 majority majority NOUN flr-162 243 3 of of ADP flr-162 243 4 these these DET flr-162 243 5 modifications modification NOUN flr-162 243 6 were be AUX flr-162 243 7 performed perform VERB flr-162 243 8 within within ADP flr-162 243 9 the the DET flr-162 243 10 factor factor NOUN flr-162 243 11 structure structure NOUN flr-162 243 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 244 1 they they PRON flr-162 244 2 seemed seem VERB flr-162 244 3 to to PART flr-162 244 4 be be AUX flr-162 244 5 theoretically theoretically ADV flr-162 244 6 sound sound ADJ flr-162 244 7 as as SCONJ flr-162 244 8 certain certain ADJ flr-162 244 9 infrastructural infrastructural ADJ flr-162 244 10 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 244 11 of of ADP flr-162 244 12 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 244 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 244 14 class class NOUN flr-162 244 15 size size NOUN flr-162 244 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 244 17 multi multi ADJ flr-162 244 18 - - ADJ flr-162 244 19 grade grade ADJ flr-162 244 20 / / SYM flr-162 244 21 age age NOUN flr-162 244 22 classes class NOUN flr-162 244 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 244 24 are be AUX flr-162 244 25 strongly strongly ADV flr-162 244 26 associated associate VERB flr-162 244 27 with with ADP flr-162 244 28 or or CCONJ flr-162 244 29 even even ADV flr-162 244 30 demand demand VERB flr-162 244 31 certain certain ADJ flr-162 244 32 surface surface NOUN flr-162 244 33 - - PUNCT flr-162 244 34 structural structural ADJ flr-162 244 35 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 244 36 of of ADP flr-162 244 37 learning learn VERB flr-162 244 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 244 39 open open ADJ flr-162 244 40 learning learning NOUN flr-162 244 41 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 244 42 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 244 43 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 244 44 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 244 45 withinclass withinclass NOUN flr-162 244 46 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 244 47 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 244 48 . . PUNCT flr-162 245 1 teaching teach VERB flr-162 245 2 meta meta ADJ flr-162 245 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 245 4 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 245 5 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 245 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 245 7 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 245 8 are be AUX flr-162 245 9 both both CCONJ flr-162 245 10 direct direct ADJ flr-162 245 11 and and CCONJ flr-162 245 12 concrete concrete ADJ flr-162 245 13 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 245 14 measures measure NOUN flr-162 245 15 of of ADP flr-162 245 16 the the DET flr-162 245 17 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 245 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 245 19 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 245 20 and and CCONJ flr-162 245 21 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 245 22 towards towards ADP flr-162 245 23 subject subject NOUN flr-162 245 24 refer refer NOUN flr-162 245 25 to to ADP flr-162 245 26 very very ADV flr-162 245 27 similar similar ADJ flr-162 245 28 student student NOUN flr-162 245 29 - - PUNCT flr-162 245 30 internal internal ADJ flr-162 245 31 constructs construct NOUN flr-162 245 32 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 245 33 as as SCONJ flr-162 245 34 opposed oppose VERB flr-162 245 35 to to ADP flr-162 245 36 the the DET flr-162 245 37 other other ADJ flr-162 245 38 respective respective ADJ flr-162 245 39 indicators indicator NOUN flr-162 245 40 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 245 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 246 1 the the DET flr-162 246 2 allowed allow VERB flr-162 246 3 covariances covariance NOUN flr-162 246 4 were be AUX flr-162 246 5 the the DET flr-162 246 6 same same ADJ flr-162 246 7 for for ADP flr-162 246 8 both both DET flr-162 246 9 models model NOUN flr-162 246 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 246 11 three three NUM flr-162 246 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 246 13 four four NUM flr-162 246 14 latent latent NOUN flr-162 246 15 factors factor NOUN flr-162 246 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 246 17 that that PRON flr-162 246 18 were be AUX flr-162 246 19 tested test VERB flr-162 246 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 246 21     SPACE flr-162 247 1 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 247 2     SPACE flr-162 247 3 et et PROPN flr-162 247 4     SPACE flr-162 247 5 al al PROPN flr-162 247 6     SPACE flr-162 247 7 f f PROPN flr-162 247 8     SPACE flr-162 248 1 | | ADV flr-162 248 2 f f NOUN flr-162 248 3 l l NOUN flr-162 248 4 r r NOUN flr-162 248 5         SPACE flr-162 248 6 37 37 NUM flr-162 248 7     SPACE flr-162 248 8 table table NOUN flr-162 248 9 3 3 NUM flr-162 248 10 standardized standardized ADJ flr-162 248 11 factor factor NOUN flr-162 248 12 loadings loading NOUN flr-162 248 13 matrix matrix NOUN flr-162 248 14 of of ADP flr-162 248 15 the the DET flr-162 248 16 cfa cfa PROPN flr-162 248 17 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 248 18 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 248 19 school school NOUN flr-162 248 20 student student NOUN flr-162 248 21 1 1 NUM flr-162 248 22 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 248 23 0.62 0.62 NUM flr-162 248 24 2 2 NUM flr-162 248 25 teaching teach VERB flr-162 248 26 meta meta ADJ flr-162 248 27 - - PUNCT flr-162 248 28 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 248 29 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 248 30 0.68 0.68 NUM flr-162 248 31 3 3 NUM flr-162 248 32 professional professional ADJ flr-162 248 33 development development NOUN flr-162 248 34 0.70 0.70 NUM flr-162 248 35 4 4 NUM flr-162 248 36 problem problem NOUN flr-162 248 37 - - PUNCT flr-162 248 38 based base VERB flr-162 248 39 learning learning NOUN flr-162 248 40 0.69 0.69 NUM flr-162 248 41 5 5 NUM flr-162 248 42 direct direct ADJ flr-162 248 43 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 248 44 0.52 0.52 NUM flr-162 248 45 6 6 NUM flr-162 248 46 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 248 47 0.69 0.69 NUM flr-162 248 48 7 7 NUM flr-162 248 49 frequent frequent ADJ flr-162 248 50 / / SYM flr-162 248 51 effects effect NOUN flr-162 248 52 of of ADP flr-162 248 53 testing testing NOUN flr-162 248 54 0.48 0.48 NUM flr-162 248 55 8 8 NUM flr-162 248 56 multi multi ADJ flr-162 248 57 - - ADJ flr-162 248 58 grade grade ADJ flr-162 248 59 / / SYM flr-162 248 60 age age NOUN flr-162 248 61 classes class NOUN flr-162 248 62 0.37 0.37 NUM flr-162 248 63 9 9 NUM flr-162 248 64 open open ADJ flr-162 248 65 learning learn VERB flr-162 248 66 0.65 0.65 NUM flr-162 248 67 10 10 NUM flr-162 248 68 class class NOUN flr-162 248 69 size size NOUN flr-162 248 70 0.51 0.51 NUM flr-162 248 71 11 11 NUM flr-162 248 72 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 248 73 teaching teach VERB flr-162 248 74 0.56 0.56 NUM flr-162 248 75 12 12 NUM flr-162 248 76 within within ADP flr-162 248 77 - - PUNCT flr-162 248 78 class class NOUN flr-162 248 79 grouping group VERB flr-162 248 80 0.77 0.77 NUM flr-162 248 81 13 13 NUM flr-162 248 82 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 248 83 0.67 0.67 NUM flr-162 248 84 14 14 NUM flr-162 248 85 prior prior ADJ flr-162 248 86 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 248 87 0.37 0.37 NUM flr-162 248 88 15 15 NUM flr-162 248 89 self self NOUN flr-162 248 90 - - PUNCT flr-162 248 91 concept concept NOUN flr-162 248 92 0.50 0.50 NUM flr-162 248 93 16 16 NUM flr-162 248 94 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 248 95 towards towards ADP flr-162 248 96 subject subject NOUN flr-162 248 97 0.57 0.57 NUM flr-162 248 98 in in ADP flr-162 248 99 the the DET flr-162 248 100 following following NOUN flr-162 248 101 we we PRON flr-162 248 102 will will AUX flr-162 248 103 explain explain VERB flr-162 248 104 the the DET flr-162 248 105 four four NUM flr-162 248 106 dimensions dimension NOUN flr-162 248 107 in in ADP flr-162 248 108 more more ADJ flr-162 248 109 detail detail NOUN flr-162 248 110 : : PUNCT flr-162 248 111 the the DET flr-162 248 112 factor factor NOUN flr-162 248 113 school school NOUN flr-162 248 114 comprises comprise VERB flr-162 248 115 infrastructural infrastructural ADJ flr-162 248 116 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 248 117 of of ADP flr-162 248 118 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 248 119 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 248 120 class class NOUN flr-162 248 121 size size NOUN flr-162 248 122 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 248 123 multi multi ADJ flr-162 248 124 - - ADJ flr-162 248 125 grade grade ADJ flr-162 248 126 / / SYM flr-162 248 127 age age NOUN flr-162 248 128 classes class NOUN flr-162 248 129 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 248 130 and and CCONJ flr-162 248 131 the the DET flr-162 248 132 surface surface NOUN flr-162 248 133 - - PUNCT flr-162 248 134 structure structure NOUN flr-162 248 135 of of ADP flr-162 248 136 learning learn VERB flr-162 248 137 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 248 138 open open ADJ flr-162 248 139 learning learning NOUN flr-162 248 140 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 248 141 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 248 142 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 248 143 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 248 144 within within ADP flr-162 248 145 - - PUNCT flr-162 248 146 class class NOUN flr-162 248 147 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 248 148 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 248 149 . . PUNCT flr-162 249 1 the the DET flr-162 249 2 factor factor NOUN flr-162 249 3 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 249 4 contains contain VERB flr-162 249 5 manifest manifest ADJ flr-162 249 6 variables variable NOUN flr-162 249 7 concerning concern VERB flr-162 249 8 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 249 9 methods method NOUN flr-162 249 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 249 11 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 249 12 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 249 13 teaching teach VERB flr-162 249 14 meta meta ADJ flr-162 249 15 - - PUNCT flr-162 249 16 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 249 17 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 249 18 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 249 19 problem problem NOUN flr-162 249 20 - - PUNCT flr-162 249 21 based base VERB flr-162 249 22 learning learning NOUN flr-162 249 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 249 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 249 25 the the DET flr-162 249 26 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 249 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 249 28 professional professional ADJ flr-162 249 29 development development NOUN flr-162 249 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 249 31 , , PUNCT flr-162 249 32 while while SCONJ flr-162 249 33 the the DET flr-162 249 34 factor factor NOUN flr-162 249 35 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 249 36 emphasizes emphasize VERB flr-162 249 37 achievementfocused achievementfocused ADJ flr-162 249 38 and and CCONJ flr-162 249 39 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 249 40 - - PUNCT flr-162 249 41 centered center VERB flr-162 249 42 variables variable NOUN flr-162 249 43 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 249 44 direct direct ADJ flr-162 249 45 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 249 46 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 249 47 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 249 48 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 249 49 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 249 50 frequent frequent ADJ flr-162 249 51 / / SYM flr-162 249 52 effects effect NOUN flr-162 249 53 of of ADP flr-162 249 54 testing testing NOUN flr-162 249 55 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 249 56 . . PUNCT flr-162 250 1 student student NOUN flr-162 250 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 250 3 internal internal ADJ flr-162 250 4 prerequisites prerequisite NOUN flr-162 250 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 250 6 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 250 7 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 250 8 self self NOUN flr-162 250 9 - - PUNCT flr-162 250 10 concept concept NOUN flr-162 250 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 250 12 prior prior ADJ flr-162 250 13 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 250 14 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 250 15 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 250 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 250 17 constitute constitute VERB flr-162 250 18 the the DET flr-162 250 19 factor factor NOUN flr-162 250 20 student student NOUN flr-162 250 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 251 1 table table NOUN flr-162 251 2 4 4 NUM flr-162 251 3 correlation correlation NOUN flr-162 251 4 matrix matrix NOUN flr-162 251 5 of of ADP flr-162 251 6 latent latent NOUN flr-162 251 7 factor factor NOUN flr-162 251 8 model model NOUN flr-162 251 9 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 251 10 school school NOUN flr-162 251 11 student student NOUN flr-162 251 12 teaching teach VERB flr-162 251 13 .41 .41 NUM flr-162 251 14 * * NOUN flr-162 251 15 * * NOUN flr-162 252 1 .70 .70 NUM flr-162 252 2 * * PUNCT flr-162 252 3 * * PUNCT flr-162 252 4 .66 .66 NUM flr-162 252 5 * * PUNCT flr-162 252 6 * * PUNCT flr-162 252 7 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 252 8 -.16 -.16 PUNCT flr-162 252 9 * * X flr-162 252 10 * * NOUN flr-162 252 11 .17 .17 NUM flr-162 252 12 * * PUNCT flr-162 252 13 school school NOUN flr-162 252 14 .78 .78 NUM flr-162 252 15 * * PUNCT flr-162 252 16 * * PUNCT flr-162 253 1 * * PUNCT flr-162 253 2 * * PUNCT flr-162 253 3 p p X flr-162 253 4 < < X flr-162 253 5 .01 .01 NUM flr-162 253 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 253 7 * * PUNCT flr-162 253 8 p p X flr-162 253 9 < < X flr-162 253 10 .05 .05 NUM flr-162 253 11 table table NOUN flr-162 253 12 4 4 NUM flr-162 253 13 shows show VERB flr-162 253 14 bivariate bivariate ADJ flr-162 253 15 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 253 16 of of ADP flr-162 253 17 the the DET flr-162 253 18 four four NUM flr-162 253 19 latent latent NOUN flr-162 253 20 variables variable NOUN flr-162 253 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 253 22 which which PRON flr-162 253 23 were be AUX flr-162 253 24 all all PRON flr-162 253 25 statistically statistically ADV flr-162 253 26 significant significant ADJ flr-162 253 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 254 1 all all DET flr-162 254 2 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-162 254 3 were be AUX flr-162 254 4 positive positive ADJ flr-162 254 5 apart apart ADV flr-162 254 6 from from ADP flr-162 254 7 the the DET flr-162 254 8 one one NOUN flr-162 254 9 between between ADP flr-162 254 10 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 254 11 and and CCONJ flr-162 254 12 school school NOUN flr-162 254 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 254 14 which which PRON flr-162 254 15 showed show VERB flr-162 254 16 a a DET flr-162 254 17 negative negative ADJ flr-162 254 18 relationship relationship NOUN flr-162 254 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 255 1 the the DET flr-162 255 2 intercorrelations intercorrelation NOUN flr-162 255 3 were be AUX flr-162 255 4 strongest strong ADJ flr-162 255 5 for for ADP flr-162 255 6 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 255 7 / / SYM flr-162 255 8 school school NOUN flr-162 255 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 255 10 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 255 11 / / SYM flr-162 255 12 student student NOUN flr-162 255 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 255 14 and and CCONJ flr-162 255 15 school school NOUN flr-162 255 16 / / SYM flr-162 255 17 student student NOUN flr-162 255 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 256 1 the the DET flr-162 256 2 factor factor NOUN flr-162 256 3 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 256 4 consistently consistently ADV flr-162 256 5 showed show VERB flr-162 256 6 the the DET flr-162 256 7 weakest weak ADJ flr-162 256 8 relationships relationship NOUN flr-162 256 9 with with ADP flr-162 256 10 all all DET flr-162 256 11 the the DET flr-162 256 12 other other ADJ flr-162 256 13     SPACE flr-162 256 14 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 256 15     SPACE flr-162 256 16 et et PROPN flr-162 256 17     SPACE flr-162 256 18 al al PROPN flr-162 256 19     SPACE flr-162 256 20 f f PROPN flr-162 256 21     SPACE flr-162 257 1 | | ADV flr-162 257 2 f f NOUN flr-162 257 3 l l NOUN flr-162 257 4 r r NOUN flr-162 257 5         SPACE flr-162 257 6 38 38 NUM flr-162 257 7     SPACE flr-162 257 8 factors factor NOUN flr-162 257 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 258 1 these these DET flr-162 258 2 results result NOUN flr-162 258 3 indicate indicate VERB flr-162 258 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 258 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 258 6 in in ADP flr-162 258 7 general general ADJ flr-162 258 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 258 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 258 10 had have VERB flr-162 258 11 a a DET flr-162 258 12 tendency tendency NOUN flr-162 258 13 to to PART flr-162 258 14 believe believe VERB flr-162 258 15 in in ADP flr-162 258 16 either either CCONJ flr-162 258 17 high high ADJ flr-162 258 18 or or CCONJ flr-162 258 19 low low ADJ flr-162 258 20 effect effect NOUN flr-162 258 21 sizes size NOUN flr-162 258 22 for for ADP flr-162 258 23 factors factor NOUN flr-162 258 24 of of ADP flr-162 258 25 school school NOUN flr-162 258 26 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 258 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 259 1 however however ADV flr-162 259 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 259 3 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 259 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 259 5 related relate VERB flr-162 259 6 variables variable NOUN flr-162 259 7 seemed seem VERB flr-162 259 8 to to PART flr-162 259 9 be be AUX flr-162 259 10 the the DET flr-162 259 11 exception exception NOUN flr-162 259 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 260 1 table table NOUN flr-162 260 2 5 5 NUM flr-162 260 3 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 260 4 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 260 5 across across ADP flr-162 260 6 groups group NOUN flr-162 260 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 260 8 preand preand VERB flr-162 260 9 in in ADP flr-162 260 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 260 11 service service NOUN flr-162 260 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 260 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 260 14 model model NOUN flr-162 260 15 parameters parameter NOUN flr-162 260 16 constrained constrain VERB flr-162 260 17 χ² χ² NOUN flr-162 260 18 df df PROPN flr-162 260 19 cfi cfi PROPN flr-162 260 20 tli tli PROPN flr-162 260 21 rmsea rmsea PROPN flr-162 260 22 srmr srmr VERB flr-162 261 1 1 1 NUM flr-162 261 2 none none NOUN flr-162 261 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 261 4 configural configural ADJ flr-162 261 5 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 261 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 262 1 405.22 405.22 NUM flr-162 262 2 184 184 NUM flr-162 262 3 .932 .932 NUM flr-162 262 4 .912 .912 NUM flr-162 262 5 .058 .058 NUM flr-162 262 6 .055 .055 NUM flr-162 262 7 2 2 NUM flr-162 262 8 fl fl NOUN flr-162 262 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 262 10 metric metric ADJ flr-162 262 11 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 262 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 262 13 428.09 428.09 NUM flr-162 262 14 196 196 NUM flr-162 262 15 .929 .929 NUM flr-162 262 16 .913 .913 NUM flr-162 262 17 .057 .057 NUM flr-162 262 18 .057 .057 NUM flr-162 262 19 3 3 NUM flr-162 262 20 fl fl NOUN flr-162 262 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 262 22 il il PROPN flr-162 262 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 262 24 scalar scalar ADJ flr-162 262 25 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 262 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 262 27 627.50 627.50 NUM flr-162 262 28 208 208 NUM flr-162 262 29 .872 .872 NUM flr-162 262 30 .852 .852 NUM flr-162 262 31 .075 .075 NUM flr-162 262 32 .069 .069 NUM flr-162 262 33 3b 3b PROPN flr-162 262 34 fl fl PROPN flr-162 262 35 , , PUNCT flr-162 262 36 il il PROPN flr-162 262 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 262 38 partial partial ADJ flr-162 262 39 scalar scalar ADJ flr-162 262 40 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 262 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 262 42 448.51 448.51 NUM flr-162 262 43 205 205 NUM flr-162 262 44 .925 .925 NUM flr-162 262 45 .913 .913 NUM flr-162 262 46 .058 .058 NUM flr-162 262 47 .058 .058 NUM flr-162 262 48 note note NOUN flr-162 262 49 . . PUNCT flr-162 263 1 fl fl NOUN flr-162 263 2 = = SYM flr-162 263 3 factor factor NOUN flr-162 263 4 loadings loading NOUN flr-162 263 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 264 1 ii ii PROPN flr-162 264 2 = = NOUN flr-162 264 3 item item NOUN flr-162 264 4 intercepts intercept NOUN flr-162 264 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 264 6 for for ADP flr-162 264 7 model model NOUN flr-162 264 8 identification identification NOUN flr-162 264 9 in in ADP flr-162 264 10 model model NOUN flr-162 264 11 1 1 NUM flr-162 264 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 264 13 2 2 NUM flr-162 264 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 264 15 item item NOUN flr-162 264 16 intercepts intercept NOUN flr-162 264 17 freely freely ADV flr-162 264 18 estimated estimate VERB flr-162 264 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 264 20 latent latent NOUN flr-162 264 21 means mean NOUN flr-162 264 22 were be AUX flr-162 264 23 fixed fix VERB flr-162 264 24 to to ADP flr-162 264 25 zero zero NUM flr-162 264 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 265 1 cfi cfi PROPN flr-162 265 2 = = NOUN flr-162 265 3 comparative comparative ADJ flr-162 265 4 fit fit ADJ flr-162 265 5 index index NOUN flr-162 265 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 266 1 tli tli PROPN flr-162 266 2 = = PROPN flr-162 266 3 tucker tucker PROPN flr-162 266 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 266 5 lewis lewis PROPN flr-162 266 6 index index NOUN flr-162 266 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 267 1 rmsea rmsea NOUN flr-162 267 2 = = NOUN flr-162 267 3 root root NOUN flr-162 267 4 mean mean VERB flr-162 267 5 square square ADJ flr-162 267 6 error error NOUN flr-162 267 7 of of ADP flr-162 267 8 approximation approximation NOUN flr-162 267 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 268 1 srmr srmr PROPN flr-162 268 2 = = SYM flr-162 268 3 standardized standardized ADJ flr-162 268 4 root root NOUN flr-162 268 5 mean mean NOUN flr-162 268 6 square square ADJ flr-162 268 7 residual residual ADJ flr-162 268 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 269 1 the the DET flr-162 269 2 model model NOUN flr-162 269 3 showed show VERB flr-162 269 4 partial partial ADJ flr-162 269 5 scalar scalar ADJ flr-162 269 6 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 269 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 269 8 strong strong ADJ flr-162 269 9 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 269 10 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 269 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 269 12 see see VERB flr-162 269 13 table table NOUN flr-162 269 14 5 5 NUM flr-162 269 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 269 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 269 17 which which PRON flr-162 269 18 indicated indicate VERB flr-162 269 19 that that SCONJ flr-162 269 20 factor factor NOUN flr-162 269 21 structure structure NOUN flr-162 269 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 269 23 factor factor NOUN flr-162 269 24 loadings loading NOUN flr-162 269 25 as as ADV flr-162 269 26 well well ADV flr-162 269 27 as as ADP flr-162 269 28 item item NOUN flr-162 269 29 intercepts intercept NOUN flr-162 269 30 were be AUX flr-162 269 31 equal equal ADJ flr-162 269 32 for for ADP flr-162 269 33 both both DET flr-162 269 34 groups group NOUN flr-162 269 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 270 1 pre pre VERB flr-162 270 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 270 3 in in ADP flr-162 270 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 270 5 service service NOUN flr-162 270 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 270 7 attributed attribute VERB flr-162 270 8 the the DET flr-162 270 9 same same ADJ flr-162 270 10 meaning meaning NOUN flr-162 270 11 to to ADP flr-162 270 12 the the DET flr-162 270 13 latent latent NOUN flr-162 270 14 constructs construct NOUN flr-162 270 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 270 16 the the DET flr-162 270 17 levels level NOUN flr-162 270 18 of of ADP flr-162 270 19 the the DET flr-162 270 20 underlying underlie VERB flr-162 270 21 items item NOUN flr-162 270 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 271 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 271 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 271 3 the the DET flr-162 271 4 proposed propose VERB flr-162 271 5 factor factor NOUN flr-162 271 6 model model NOUN flr-162 271 7 can can AUX flr-162 271 8 be be AUX flr-162 271 9 assumed assume VERB flr-162 271 10 to to PART flr-162 271 11 represent represent VERB flr-162 271 12 the the DET flr-162 271 13 belief belief NOUN flr-162 271 14 structure structure NOUN flr-162 271 15 of of ADP flr-162 271 16 pre pre NOUN flr-162 271 17 - - NOUN flr-162 271 18 service service NOUN flr-162 271 19 as as ADV flr-162 271 20 well well ADV flr-162 271 21 as as ADP flr-162 271 22 in in ADP flr-162 271 23 - - PUNCT flr-162 271 24 service service NOUN flr-162 271 25 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 271 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 272 1 strong strong ADJ flr-162 272 2 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 272 3 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 272 4 allows allow VERB flr-162 272 5 for for SCONJ flr-162 272 6 the the DET flr-162 272 7 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 272 8 of of ADP flr-162 272 9 latent latent NOUN flr-162 272 10 group group NOUN flr-162 272 11 means mean VERB flr-162 272 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 273 1 in in ADP flr-162 273 2 the the DET flr-162 273 3 latent latent NOUN flr-162 273 4 mean mean NOUN flr-162 273 5 structure structure NOUN flr-162 273 6 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 273 7 the the DET flr-162 273 8 pre pre ADJ flr-162 273 9 - - ADJ flr-162 273 10 service service ADJ flr-162 273 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 273 12 were be AUX flr-162 273 13 chosen choose VERB flr-162 273 14 as as ADP flr-162 273 15 a a DET flr-162 273 16 reference reference NOUN flr-162 273 17 group group NOUN flr-162 273 18 so so SCONJ flr-162 273 19 that that SCONJ flr-162 273 20 the the DET flr-162 273 21 difference difference NOUN flr-162 273 22 in in ADP flr-162 273 23 means mean NOUN flr-162 273 24 between between ADP flr-162 273 25 preand preand NOUN flr-162 273 26 in in ADP flr-162 273 27 - - PUNCT flr-162 273 28 service service NOUN flr-162 273 29 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 273 30 on on ADP flr-162 273 31 each each DET flr-162 273 32 construct construct NOUN flr-162 273 33 equals equal VERB flr-162 273 34 the the DET flr-162 273 35 mean mean NOUN flr-162 273 36 of of ADP flr-162 273 37 the the DET flr-162 273 38 nonreference nonreference NOUN flr-162 273 39 group group NOUN flr-162 273 40 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 273 41 in in ADP flr-162 273 42 - - PUNCT flr-162 273 43 service service NOUN flr-162 273 44 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 273 45 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 273 46 . . PUNCT flr-162 274 1 the the DET flr-162 274 2 means mean NOUN flr-162 274 3 of of ADP flr-162 274 4 the the DET flr-162 274 5 in in ADP flr-162 274 6 - - PUNCT flr-162 274 7 service service NOUN flr-162 274 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 274 9 are be AUX flr-162 274 10 as as SCONJ flr-162 274 11 shown show VERB flr-162 274 12 in in ADP flr-162 274 13 table table NOUN flr-162 274 14 6 6 NUM flr-162 274 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 275 1 they they PRON flr-162 275 2 valued value VERB flr-162 275 3 the the DET flr-162 275 4 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 275 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 275 6 related relate VERB flr-162 275 7 factor factor NOUN flr-162 275 8 considerably considerably ADV flr-162 275 9 higher higher ADV flr-162 275 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 275 11 while while SCONJ flr-162 275 12 rating rate VERB flr-162 275 13 the the DET flr-162 275 14 effects effect NOUN flr-162 275 15 of of ADP flr-162 275 16 infra-/surface infra-/surface NOUN flr-162 275 17 - - PUNCT flr-162 275 18 structure structure NOUN flr-162 275 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 275 20 student student NOUN flr-162 275 21 - - PUNCT flr-162 275 22 internal internal ADJ flr-162 275 23 variables variable NOUN flr-162 275 24 lower low ADJ flr-162 275 25 than than ADP flr-162 275 26 pre pre ADJ flr-162 275 27 - - ADJ flr-162 275 28 service service ADJ flr-162 275 29 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 275 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 276 1 the the DET flr-162 276 2 group group NOUN flr-162 276 3 differences difference NOUN flr-162 276 4 concerning concern VERB flr-162 276 5 the the DET flr-162 276 6 factor factor NOUN flr-162 276 7 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 276 8 / / SYM flr-162 276 9 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 276 10 were be AUX flr-162 276 11 not not PART flr-162 276 12 significant significant ADJ flr-162 276 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 277 1 table table NOUN flr-162 277 2 6 6 NUM flr-162 277 3 mean mean NOUN flr-162 277 4 group group NOUN flr-162 277 5 differences difference NOUN flr-162 277 6 in in ADP flr-162 277 7 latent latent ADJ flr-162 277 8 variables variable NOUN flr-162 277 9 * * PUNCT flr-162 277 10 factor factor NOUN flr-162 277 11 mdifference mdifference NOUN flr-162 277 12 p p NOUN flr-162 277 13 teaching teach VERB flr-162 277 14 -0.12 -0.12 NUM flr-162 277 15 ns ns ADJ flr-162 277 16 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 277 17 0.67 0.67 NUM flr-162 277 18 < < X flr-162 277 19 .001 .001 NUM flr-162 277 20 school school NOUN flr-162 277 21 -0.56 -0.56 NOUN flr-162 277 22 < < X flr-162 277 23 .001 .001 NUM flr-162 277 24 student student NOUN flr-162 277 25 -0.70 -0.70 NUM flr-162 277 26 < < X flr-162 277 27 .001 .001 NUM flr-162 277 28 * * PUNCT flr-162 277 29 mpre mpre ADJ flr-162 277 30 - - NOUN flr-162 277 31 service service NOUN flr-162 277 32 = = SYM flr-162 277 33 0 0 NUM flr-162 277 34 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 277 35 min min NOUN flr-162 277 36 - - NOUN flr-162 277 37 service service NOUN flr-162 277 38 = = PUNCT flr-162 277 39 mdifference mdifference NOUN flr-162 277 40 5 5 NUM flr-162 277 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 278 1 discussion discussion NOUN flr-162 278 2 5.1 5.1 NUM flr-162 278 3 summary summary NOUN flr-162 278 4 the the DET flr-162 278 5 present present ADJ flr-162 278 6 paper paper NOUN flr-162 278 7 deals deal NOUN flr-162 278 8 with with ADP flr-162 278 9 expert expert NOUN flr-162 278 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 278 11 novice novice NOUN flr-162 278 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 278 13 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 278 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 278 15 about about ADP flr-162 278 16 school school NOUN flr-162 278 17 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 278 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 279 1 we we PRON flr-162 279 2 investigated investigate VERB flr-162 279 3 the the DET flr-162 279 4 differences difference NOUN flr-162 279 5 between between ADP flr-162 279 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 279 7 a a PRON flr-162 279 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 279 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 279 10 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 279 11 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 279 12 versus versus ADP flr-162 279 13 findings finding NOUN flr-162 279 14 of of ADP flr-162 279 15 school school NOUN flr-162 279 16 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 279 17 research research NOUN flr-162 279 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 279 19 cf cf NOUN flr-162 279 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 280 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 280 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 280 3 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 280 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 280 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 280 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 280 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 280 8 b b NOUN flr-162 280 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 280 10 expert expert NOUN flr-162 280 11 versus versus ADP flr-162 280 12 novice novice NOUN flr-162 280 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 280 14 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 280 15 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 280 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 281 1 for for ADP flr-162 281 2 this this DET flr-162 281 3 purpose purpose NOUN flr-162 281 4 preand preand NOUN flr-162 281 5 in in ADP flr-162 281 6 - - PUNCT flr-162 281 7 service service NOUN flr-162 281 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 281 9     SPACE flr-162 281 10 fleckenstein fleckenstein VERB flr-162 281 11     SPACE flr-162 281 12 et et PROPN flr-162 281 13     SPACE flr-162 281 14 al al PROPN flr-162 281 15     SPACE flr-162 281 16 f f PROPN flr-162 281 17     SPACE flr-162 282 1 | | ADV flr-162 282 2 f f NOUN flr-162 282 3 l l NOUN flr-162 282 4 r r NOUN flr-162 282 5         SPACE flr-162 282 6 39 39 NUM flr-162 282 7     SPACE flr-162 282 8 were be AUX flr-162 282 9 asked ask VERB flr-162 282 10 to to PART flr-162 282 11 rate rate VERB flr-162 282 12 the the DET flr-162 282 13 effect effect NOUN flr-162 282 14 sizes size NOUN flr-162 282 15 of of ADP flr-162 282 16 several several ADJ flr-162 282 17 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 282 18 of of ADP flr-162 282 19 student student NOUN flr-162 282 20 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 282 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 283 1 profile profile NOUN flr-162 283 2 correlations correlation NOUN flr-162 283 3 were be AUX flr-162 283 4 aggregated aggregate VERB flr-162 283 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 283 6 compared compare VERB flr-162 283 7 in in ADP flr-162 283 8 terms term NOUN flr-162 283 9 of of ADP flr-162 283 10 similarity similarity NOUN flr-162 283 11 to to ADP flr-162 283 12 recent recent ADJ flr-162 283 13 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 283 14 findings finding NOUN flr-162 283 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 283 16 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 283 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 283 18 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 283 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 283 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 284 1 we we PRON flr-162 284 2 found find VERB flr-162 284 3 significant significant ADJ flr-162 284 4 differences difference NOUN flr-162 284 5 between between ADP flr-162 284 6 preand preand NOUN flr-162 284 7 in in ADP flr-162 284 8 - - PUNCT flr-162 284 9 service service NOUN flr-162 284 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 284 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 284 12 as as SCONJ flr-162 284 13 the the DET flr-162 284 14 latter latter NOUN flr-162 284 15 showed show VERB flr-162 284 16 a a DET flr-162 284 17 stronger strong ADJ flr-162 284 18 overall overall ADJ flr-162 284 19 congruence congruence NOUN flr-162 284 20 with with ADP flr-162 284 21 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 284 22 ’s ’s PART flr-162 284 23 results result NOUN flr-162 284 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 285 1 subsequently subsequently ADV flr-162 285 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 285 3 data datum NOUN flr-162 285 4 were be AUX flr-162 285 5 combined combine VERB flr-162 285 6 by by ADP flr-162 285 7 using use VERB flr-162 285 8 a a DET flr-162 285 9 four four NUM flr-162 285 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 285 11 dimensional dimensional ADJ flr-162 285 12 cfamodel cfamodel NOUN flr-162 285 13 with with ADP flr-162 285 14 the the DET flr-162 285 15 latent latent NOUN flr-162 285 16 factors factor NOUN flr-162 285 17 school school NOUN flr-162 285 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 285 19 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 285 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 285 21 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 285 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 285 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 285 24 student student NOUN flr-162 285 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 286 1 partial partial ADJ flr-162 286 2 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 286 3 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 286 4 could could AUX flr-162 286 5 be be AUX flr-162 286 6 established establish VERB flr-162 286 7 allowing allow VERB flr-162 286 8 the the DET flr-162 286 9 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 286 10 of of ADP flr-162 286 11 latent latent NOUN flr-162 286 12 factor factor NOUN flr-162 286 13 means mean VERB flr-162 286 14 of of ADP flr-162 286 15 the the DET flr-162 286 16 two two NUM flr-162 286 17 groups group NOUN flr-162 286 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 287 1 in in ADP flr-162 287 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 287 3 service service NOUN flr-162 287 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 287 5 showed show VERB flr-162 287 6 higher high ADJ flr-162 287 7 means mean NOUN flr-162 287 8 in in ADP flr-162 287 9 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 287 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 287 11 focused focus VERB flr-162 287 12 variables variable NOUN flr-162 287 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 287 14 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 287 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 16 direct direct ADJ flr-162 287 17 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 287 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 287 20 high high ADJ flr-162 287 21 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 287 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 287 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 287 24 lower low ADJ flr-162 287 25 means mean NOUN flr-162 287 26 in in ADP flr-162 287 27 variables variable NOUN flr-162 287 28 concerning concern VERB flr-162 287 29 the the DET flr-162 287 30 infraand infraand ADJ flr-162 287 31 surface surface NOUN flr-162 287 32 - - PUNCT flr-162 287 33 structural structural ADJ flr-162 287 34 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 287 35 of of ADP flr-162 287 36 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 287 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 287 38 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 287 39 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 40 class class NOUN flr-162 287 41 size size NOUN flr-162 287 42 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 43 co-/team co-/team ADP flr-162 287 44 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 287 45 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 46 within within ADP flr-162 287 47 - - PUNCT flr-162 287 48 class class NOUN flr-162 287 49 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 287 50 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 51 and and CCONJ flr-162 287 52 open open ADJ flr-162 287 53 learning learning NOUN flr-162 287 54 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 287 55 as as ADV flr-162 287 56 well well ADV flr-162 287 57 as as ADP flr-162 287 58 student student NOUN flr-162 287 59 - - PUNCT flr-162 287 60 internal internal ADJ flr-162 287 61 variables variable NOUN flr-162 287 62 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 287 63 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 287 64 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 65 prior prior ADJ flr-162 287 66 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 287 67 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 68 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 287 69 , , PUNCT flr-162 287 70 and and CCONJ flr-162 287 71 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 287 72 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 287 73 . . PUNCT flr-162 288 1 the the DET flr-162 288 2 structure structure NOUN flr-162 288 3 of of ADP flr-162 288 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 288 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 288 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 288 7 concerning concern VERB flr-162 288 8 school school NOUN flr-162 288 9 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 288 10 seemed seem VERB flr-162 288 11 to to PART flr-162 288 12 resemble resemble VERB flr-162 288 13 the the DET flr-162 288 14 a a DET flr-162 288 15 priori priori ADJ flr-162 288 16 categorization categorization NOUN flr-162 288 17 of of ADP flr-162 288 18 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 288 19 research research NOUN flr-162 288 20 studies study NOUN flr-162 288 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 289 1 the the DET flr-162 289 2 assumed assumed ADJ flr-162 289 3 categorical categorical ADJ flr-162 289 4 structure structure NOUN flr-162 289 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 289 6 school school NOUN flr-162 289 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 289 8 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 289 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 289 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 289 11 student student NOUN flr-162 289 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 289 13 used use VERB flr-162 289 14 by by ADP flr-162 289 15 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 289 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 289 17 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 289 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 289 19 to to PART flr-162 289 20 organize organize VERB flr-162 289 21 his his PRON flr-162 289 22 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 289 23 was be AUX flr-162 289 24 largely largely ADV flr-162 289 25 met meet VERB flr-162 289 26 by by ADP flr-162 289 27 the the DET flr-162 289 28 data datum NOUN flr-162 289 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 290 1 an an DET flr-162 290 2 exception exception NOUN flr-162 290 3 was be AUX flr-162 290 4 the the DET flr-162 290 5 separation separation NOUN flr-162 290 6 of of ADP flr-162 290 7 the the DET flr-162 290 8 factor factor NOUN flr-162 290 9 teaching teach VERB flr-162 290 10 into into ADP flr-162 290 11 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 290 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 290 13 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 290 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 291 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 291 2 seemed seem VERB flr-162 291 3 to to PART flr-162 291 4 distinguish distinguish VERB flr-162 291 5 two two NUM flr-162 291 6 types type NOUN flr-162 291 7 of of ADP flr-162 291 8 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 291 9 preferences preference NOUN flr-162 291 10 : : PUNCT flr-162 291 11 one one NUM flr-162 291 12 that that PRON flr-162 291 13 foregrounds foreground VERB flr-162 291 14 the the DET flr-162 291 15 support support NOUN flr-162 291 16 of of ADP flr-162 291 17 students student NOUN flr-162 291 18 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 291 19 learning learning NOUN flr-162 291 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 291 21 feedback feedback VERB flr-162 291 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 291 23 teaching teach VERB flr-162 291 24 metacognitive metacognitive ADJ flr-162 291 25 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 291 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 291 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 291 28 one one NUM flr-162 291 29 that that PRON flr-162 291 30 focuses focus VERB flr-162 291 31 mainly mainly ADV flr-162 291 32 on on ADP flr-162 291 33 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 291 34 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 291 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 291 36 high high ADJ flr-162 291 37 expectations expectation NOUN flr-162 291 38 , , PUNCT flr-162 291 39 frequent frequent ADJ flr-162 291 40 / / SYM flr-162 291 41 effects effect NOUN flr-162 291 42 of of ADP flr-162 291 43 testing testing NOUN flr-162 291 44 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 291 45 . . PUNCT flr-162 292 1 while while SCONJ flr-162 292 2 school school NOUN flr-162 292 3 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 292 4 research research NOUN flr-162 292 5 has have AUX flr-162 292 6 shown show VERB flr-162 292 7 that that SCONJ flr-162 292 8 both both PRON flr-162 292 9 have have VERB flr-162 292 10 a a DET flr-162 292 11 strong strong ADJ flr-162 292 12 positive positive ADJ flr-162 292 13 influence influence NOUN flr-162 292 14 on on ADP flr-162 292 15 student student NOUN flr-162 292 16 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 292 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 292 18 see see VERB flr-162 292 19 chapter chapter NOUN flr-162 292 20 1.3 1.3 NUM flr-162 292 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 292 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 292 23 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 292 24 undervalued undervalue VERB flr-162 292 25 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 292 26 choices choice NOUN flr-162 292 27 that that PRON flr-162 292 28 point point VERB flr-162 292 29 directly directly ADV flr-162 292 30 and and CCONJ flr-162 292 31 explicitly explicitly ADV flr-162 292 32 at at ADP flr-162 292 33 academic academic ADJ flr-162 292 34 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 292 35 . . PUNCT flr-162 293 1 one one NUM flr-162 293 2 key key ADJ flr-162 293 3 finding finding NOUN flr-162 293 4 of of ADP flr-162 293 5 this this DET flr-162 293 6 study study NOUN flr-162 293 7 was be AUX flr-162 293 8 that that SCONJ flr-162 293 9 in in ADP flr-162 293 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 293 11 service service NOUN flr-162 293 12 experience experience NOUN flr-162 293 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 293 14 training training NOUN flr-162 293 15 seem seem VERB flr-162 293 16 to to PART flr-162 293 17 be be AUX flr-162 293 18 associated associate VERB flr-162 293 19 with with ADP flr-162 293 20 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 293 21 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 293 22 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 293 23 about about ADP flr-162 293 24 school school NOUN flr-162 293 25 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 293 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 294 1 the the DET flr-162 294 2 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 294 3 of of ADP flr-162 294 4 experienced experienced ADJ flr-162 294 5 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 294 6 were be AUX flr-162 294 7 more more ADV flr-162 294 8 consistent consistent ADJ flr-162 294 9 with with ADP flr-162 294 10 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 294 11 results result NOUN flr-162 294 12 than than ADP flr-162 294 13 those those PRON flr-162 294 14 of of ADP flr-162 294 15 novice novice NOUN flr-162 294 16 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 294 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 295 1 this this PRON flr-162 295 2 is be AUX flr-162 295 3 in in ADP flr-162 295 4 line line NOUN flr-162 295 5 with with ADP flr-162 295 6 the the DET flr-162 295 7 current current ADJ flr-162 295 8 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 295 9 expert(-novice expert(-novice NOUN flr-162 295 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 295 11 paradigm paradigm NOUN flr-162 295 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 295 13 according accord VERB flr-162 295 14 to to ADP flr-162 295 15 which which PRON flr-162 295 16 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 295 17 develop develop VERB flr-162 295 18 expertise expertise NOUN flr-162 295 19 in in ADP flr-162 295 20 the the DET flr-162 295 21 course course NOUN flr-162 295 22 of of ADP flr-162 295 23 their their PRON flr-162 295 24 education education NOUN flr-162 295 25 and and CCONJ flr-162 295 26 career career NOUN flr-162 295 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 296 1 first first ADV flr-162 296 2 of of ADP flr-162 296 3 all all PRON flr-162 296 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 296 5 the the DET flr-162 296 6 ratings rating NOUN flr-162 296 7 of of ADP flr-162 296 8 our our PRON flr-162 296 9 in in ADP flr-162 296 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 296 11 service service NOUN flr-162 296 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 296 13 suggested suggest VERB flr-162 296 14 that that SCONJ flr-162 296 15 they they PRON flr-162 296 16 value value VERB flr-162 296 17 a a DET flr-162 296 18 kind kind NOUN flr-162 296 19 of of ADV flr-162 296 20 activating activate VERB flr-162 296 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 296 22 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 296 23 - - PUNCT flr-162 296 24 directed direct VERB flr-162 296 25 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 296 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 296 27 which which PRON flr-162 296 28 is be AUX flr-162 296 29 supposed suppose VERB flr-162 296 30 to to PART flr-162 296 31 affect affect VERB flr-162 296 32 the the DET flr-162 296 33 deep deep ADJ flr-162 296 34 structure structure NOUN flr-162 296 35 of of ADP flr-162 296 36 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 296 37 learning learn VERB flr-162 296 38 more more ADJ flr-162 296 39 than than SCONJ flr-162 296 40 the the DET flr-162 296 41 pre pre ADJ flr-162 296 42 - - ADJ flr-162 296 43 service service ADJ flr-162 296 44 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 296 45 do do VERB flr-162 296 46 . . PUNCT flr-162 297 1 second second ADV flr-162 297 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 297 3 in in ADP flr-162 297 4 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 297 5 to to ADP flr-162 297 6 the the DET flr-162 297 7 novices novice NOUN flr-162 297 8 they they PRON flr-162 297 9 believed believe VERB flr-162 297 10 infraand infraand ADP flr-162 297 11 surface surface NOUN flr-162 297 12 - - PUNCT flr-162 297 13 structural structural ADJ flr-162 297 14 variables variable NOUN flr-162 297 15 to to PART flr-162 297 16 be be AUX flr-162 297 17 not not PART flr-162 297 18 as as ADV flr-162 297 19 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 297 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 298 1 this this DET flr-162 298 2 hierarchy hierarchy NOUN flr-162 298 3 is be AUX flr-162 298 4 also also ADV flr-162 298 5 emphasized emphasize VERB flr-162 298 6 by by ADP flr-162 298 7 the the DET flr-162 298 8 results result NOUN flr-162 298 9 of of ADP flr-162 298 10 school school NOUN flr-162 298 11 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 298 12 research research NOUN flr-162 298 13 as as SCONJ flr-162 298 14 outlined outline VERB flr-162 298 15 in in ADP flr-162 298 16 chapter chapter NOUN flr-162 298 17 1.3 1.3 NUM flr-162 298 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 299 1 this this DET flr-162 299 2 compliance compliance NOUN flr-162 299 3 indicates indicate VERB flr-162 299 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 299 5 expert expert NOUN flr-162 299 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 299 7 are be AUX flr-162 299 8 more more ADV flr-162 299 9 competent competent ADJ flr-162 299 10 in in ADP flr-162 299 11 assessing assess VERB flr-162 299 12 the the DET flr-162 299 13 effects effect NOUN flr-162 299 14 of of ADP flr-162 299 15 a a DET flr-162 299 16 range range NOUN flr-162 299 17 of of ADP flr-162 299 18 variables variable NOUN flr-162 299 19 than than ADP flr-162 299 20 novice novice NOUN flr-162 299 21 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 299 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 300 1 furthermore furthermore ADV flr-162 300 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 300 3 it it PRON flr-162 300 4 shows show VERB flr-162 300 5 that that SCONJ flr-162 300 6 educational educational ADJ flr-162 300 7 research research NOUN flr-162 300 8 appears appear VERB flr-162 300 9 not not PART flr-162 300 10 as as ADV flr-162 300 11 far far ADV flr-162 300 12 from from ADP flr-162 300 13 a a DET flr-162 300 14 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 300 15 ’s ’ VERB flr-162 300 16 perceived perceive VERB flr-162 300 17 everyday everyday ADJ flr-162 300 18 reality reality NOUN flr-162 300 19 as as SCONJ flr-162 300 20 is be AUX flr-162 300 21 often often ADV flr-162 300 22 suggested suggest VERB flr-162 300 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 301 1 in in ADP flr-162 301 2 turn turn NOUN flr-162 301 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 301 4 we we PRON flr-162 301 5 must must AUX flr-162 301 6 acknowledge acknowledge VERB flr-162 301 7 that that SCONJ flr-162 301 8 some some PRON flr-162 301 9 of of ADP flr-162 301 10 the the DET flr-162 301 11 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 301 12 concerning concern VERB flr-162 301 13 influences influence NOUN flr-162 301 14 on on ADP flr-162 301 15 student student NOUN flr-162 301 16 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 301 17 – – PUNCT flr-162 301 18 particularly particularly ADV flr-162 301 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 301 20 but but CCONJ flr-162 301 21 not not PART flr-162 301 22 only only ADV flr-162 301 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 301 24 those those PRON flr-162 301 25 of of ADP flr-162 301 26 pre pre ADJ flr-162 301 27 - - ADJ flr-162 301 28 service service ADJ flr-162 301 29 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 301 30 – – PUNCT flr-162 301 31 diverge diverge VERB flr-162 301 32 from from ADP flr-162 301 33 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 301 34 findings finding NOUN flr-162 301 35 quite quite ADV flr-162 301 36 dramatically dramatically ADV flr-162 301 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 302 1 similarly similarly ADV flr-162 302 2 to to ADP flr-162 302 3 weinstein weinstein PROPN flr-162 302 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 302 5 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 302 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 302 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 302 8 we we PRON flr-162 302 9 found find VERB flr-162 302 10 that that SCONJ flr-162 302 11 affective affective NOUN flr-162 302 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 302 13 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 302 14 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 302 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 302 16 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 302 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 302 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 302 19 social social ADJ flr-162 302 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 302 21 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 302 22 within within ADP flr-162 302 23 - - PUNCT flr-162 302 24 class class NOUN flr-162 302 25 grouping grouping NOUN flr-162 302 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 302 27 variables variable NOUN flr-162 302 28 were be AUX flr-162 302 29 overestimated overestimate VERB flr-162 302 30 , , PUNCT flr-162 302 31 while while SCONJ flr-162 302 32 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 302 33 variables variable NOUN flr-162 302 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 302 35 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-162 302 36 direct direct ADJ flr-162 302 37 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 302 38 , , PUNCT flr-162 302 39 prior prior ADJ flr-162 302 40 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 302 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 302 42 were be AUX flr-162 302 43 underestimated underestimate VERB flr-162 302 44 , , PUNCT flr-162 302 45 especially especially ADV flr-162 302 46 by by ADP flr-162 302 47 the the DET flr-162 302 48 pre pre ADJ flr-162 302 49 - - ADJ flr-162 302 50 service service ADJ flr-162 302 51 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 302 52 , , PUNCT flr-162 302 53 but but CCONJ flr-162 302 54 also also ADV flr-162 302 55 – – PUNCT flr-162 302 56 to to ADP flr-162 302 57 a a DET flr-162 302 58 lesser less ADJ flr-162 302 59 extent extent NOUN flr-162 302 60 – – PUNCT flr-162 302 61 by by ADP flr-162 302 62 in in ADP flr-162 302 63 - - PUNCT flr-162 302 64 service service NOUN flr-162 302 65 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 302 66 . . PUNCT flr-162 303 1 this this DET flr-162 303 2 insight insight NOUN flr-162 303 3 is be AUX flr-162 303 4 quite quite ADV flr-162 303 5 valuable valuable ADJ flr-162 303 6 considering consider VERB flr-162 303 7 the the DET flr-162 303 8 impact impact NOUN flr-162 303 9 of of ADP flr-162 303 10 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 303 11 on on ADP flr-162 303 12 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 303 13 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 303 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 304 1 hence hence ADV flr-162 304 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 304 3 our our PRON flr-162 304 4 results result NOUN flr-162 304 5 call call VERB flr-162 304 6 for for ADP flr-162 304 7 a a DET flr-162 304 8 paradigmatic paradigmatic ADJ flr-162 304 9 change change NOUN flr-162 304 10 in in ADP flr-162 304 11 the the DET flr-162 304 12 way way NOUN flr-162 304 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 304 14 are be AUX flr-162 304 15 trained train VERB flr-162 304 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 305 1 in in ADP flr-162 305 2 the the DET flr-162 305 3 following following NOUN flr-162 305 4 we we PRON flr-162 305 5 consider consider VERB flr-162 305 6 the the DET flr-162 305 7 limitations limitation NOUN flr-162 305 8 of of ADP flr-162 305 9 this this DET flr-162 305 10 study study NOUN flr-162 305 11 before before SCONJ flr-162 305 12 we we PRON flr-162 305 13 conclude conclude VERB flr-162 305 14 with with ADP flr-162 305 15 its its PRON flr-162 305 16 strengths strength NOUN flr-162 305 17 and and CCONJ flr-162 305 18 practical practical ADJ flr-162 305 19 implications implication NOUN flr-162 305 20 for for ADP flr-162 305 21 the the DET flr-162 305 22 field field NOUN flr-162 305 23 of of ADP flr-162 305 24 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 305 25 education education NOUN flr-162 305 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 306 1 5.2 5.2 NUM flr-162 306 2 limitations limitation NOUN flr-162 306 3 one one NUM flr-162 306 4 problem problem NOUN flr-162 306 5 with with ADP flr-162 306 6 the the DET flr-162 306 7 interpretation interpretation NOUN flr-162 306 8 of of ADP flr-162 306 9 our our PRON flr-162 306 10 results result NOUN flr-162 306 11 was be AUX flr-162 306 12 the the DET flr-162 306 13 epistemological epistemological ADJ flr-162 306 14 status status NOUN flr-162 306 15 of of ADP flr-162 306 16 the the DET flr-162 306 17 information information NOUN flr-162 306 18 given give VERB flr-162 306 19 by by ADP flr-162 306 20 the the DET flr-162 306 21 participants participant NOUN flr-162 306 22 : : PUNCT flr-162 306 23 did do AUX flr-162 306 24 we we PRON flr-162 306 25 actually actually ADV flr-162 306 26 elicit elicit VERB flr-162 306 27 their their PRON flr-162 306 28 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 306 29 or or CCONJ flr-162 306 30 rather rather ADV flr-162 306 31 their their PRON flr-162 306 32 theoretical theoretical ADJ flr-162 306 33 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 306 34 about about ADP flr-162 306 35 what what PRON flr-162 306 36 should should AUX flr-162 306 37 be be AUX flr-162 306 38 correct correct ADJ flr-162 306 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 307 1 as as SCONJ flr-162 307 2 we we PRON flr-162 307 3 mentioned mention VERB flr-162 307 4 above above ADV flr-162 307 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 307 6 the the DET flr-162 307 7 confrontation confrontation NOUN flr-162 307 8 with with ADP flr-162 307 9 objective objective ADJ flr-162 307 10 data datum NOUN flr-162 307 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 307 12 such such ADJ flr-162 307 13 as as ADP flr-162 307 14 the the DET flr-162 307 15 findings finding NOUN flr-162 307 16 of of ADP flr-162 307 17 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 307 18 investigations investigation NOUN flr-162 307 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 307 20 does do AUX flr-162 307 21 not not PART flr-162 307 22 necessarily necessarily ADV flr-162 307 23 lead lead VERB flr-162 307 24 to to ADP flr-162 307 25 a a DET flr-162 307 26 change change NOUN flr-162 307 27 in in ADP flr-162 307 28 individual individual ADJ flr-162 307 29 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 307 30 : : PUNCT flr-162 307 31 knowing know VERB flr-162 307 32 something something PRON flr-162 307 33 does do AUX flr-162 307 34 not not PART flr-162 307 35 equal equal VERB flr-162 307 36 believing believing NOUN flr-162 307 37 in in ADP flr-162 307 38 it it PRON flr-162 307 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 308 1 so so ADV flr-162 308 2 the the DET flr-162 308 3 response response NOUN flr-162 308 4 of of ADP flr-162 308 5 the the DET flr-162 308 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 308 7 to to ADP flr-162 308 8 a a DET flr-162 308 9 certain certain ADJ flr-162 308 10 item item NOUN flr-162 308 11 may may AUX flr-162 308 12 not not PART flr-162 308 13 have have AUX flr-162 308 14 shown show VERB flr-162 308 15 their their PRON flr-162 308 16 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 308 17 but but CCONJ flr-162 308 18 instead instead ADV flr-162 308 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 308 20 represent represent VERB flr-162 308 21 the the DET flr-162 308 22 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 308 23 they they PRON flr-162 308 24 have have VERB flr-162 308 25 about about ADP flr-162 308 26 school school NOUN flr-162 308 27 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 308 28 research research NOUN flr-162 308 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 309 1 hence hence ADV flr-162 309 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 309 3 the the DET flr-162 309 4 epistemological epistemological ADJ flr-162 309 5 distinction distinction NOUN flr-162 309 6 between between ADP flr-162 309 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 309 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 309 9 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 309 10 that that PRON flr-162 309 11 we we PRON flr-162 309 12 addressed address VERB flr-162 309 13 above above ADV flr-162 309 14 could could AUX flr-162 309 15 not not PART flr-162 309 16 be be AUX flr-162 309 17 followed follow VERB flr-162 309 18     SPACE flr-162 309 19 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 309 20     SPACE flr-162 309 21 et et PROPN flr-162 309 22     SPACE flr-162 309 23 al al PROPN flr-162 309 24     SPACE flr-162 309 25 f f PROPN flr-162 309 26     SPACE flr-162 310 1 | | ADV flr-162 310 2 f f NOUN flr-162 310 3 l l NOUN flr-162 310 4 r r NOUN flr-162 310 5         SPACE flr-162 310 6 40 40 NUM flr-162 310 7     SPACE flr-162 310 8 through through ADP flr-162 310 9 completely completely ADV flr-162 310 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 311 1 similarly similarly ADV flr-162 311 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 311 3 the the DET flr-162 311 4 issues issue NOUN flr-162 311 5 of of ADP flr-162 311 6 tacit tacit ADJ flr-162 311 7 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 311 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 311 9 its its PRON flr-162 311 10 accessibility accessibility NOUN flr-162 311 11 and and CCONJ flr-162 311 12 the the DET flr-162 311 13 reciprocal reciprocal ADJ flr-162 311 14 relationship relationship NOUN flr-162 311 15 of of ADP flr-162 311 16 implicit implicit ADJ flr-162 311 17 and and CCONJ flr-162 311 18 explicit explicit ADJ flr-162 311 19 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 311 20 are be AUX flr-162 311 21 highly highly ADV flr-162 311 22 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 311 23 topics topic NOUN flr-162 311 24 that that PRON flr-162 311 25 go go VERB flr-162 311 26 beyond beyond ADP flr-162 311 27 the the DET flr-162 311 28 scope scope NOUN flr-162 311 29 of of ADP flr-162 311 30 this this DET flr-162 311 31 study study NOUN flr-162 311 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 312 1 even even ADV flr-162 312 2 if if SCONJ flr-162 312 3 we we PRON flr-162 312 4 assume assume VERB flr-162 312 5 that that SCONJ flr-162 312 6 we we PRON flr-162 312 7 are be AUX flr-162 312 8 dealing deal VERB flr-162 312 9 with with ADP flr-162 312 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 312 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 312 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 312 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 312 14 not not PART flr-162 312 15 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 312 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 312 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 312 18 we we PRON flr-162 312 19 can can AUX flr-162 312 20 not not PART flr-162 312 21 be be AUX flr-162 312 22 certain certain ADJ flr-162 312 23 that that SCONJ flr-162 312 24 those those DET flr-162 312 25 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 312 26 are be AUX flr-162 312 27 actually actually ADV flr-162 312 28 put put VERB flr-162 312 29 into into ADP flr-162 312 30 practice practice NOUN flr-162 312 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 313 1 in in ADP flr-162 313 2 our our PRON flr-162 313 3 report report NOUN flr-162 313 4 of of ADP flr-162 313 5 prior prior ADJ flr-162 313 6 research research NOUN flr-162 313 7 on on ADP flr-162 313 8 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 313 9 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 313 10 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 313 11 we we PRON flr-162 313 12 pointed point VERB flr-162 313 13 out out ADP flr-162 313 14 that that SCONJ flr-162 313 15 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 313 16 are be AUX flr-162 313 17 considered consider VERB flr-162 313 18 to to PART flr-162 313 19 affect affect VERB flr-162 313 20 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 313 21 processes process NOUN flr-162 313 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 313 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 313 24 in in ADP flr-162 313 25 turn turn NOUN flr-162 313 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 313 27 student student NOUN flr-162 313 28 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 313 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 314 1 however however ADV flr-162 314 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 314 3 the the DET flr-162 314 4 assumption assumption NOUN flr-162 314 5 that that SCONJ flr-162 314 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 314 7 apply apply VERB flr-162 314 8 everything everything PRON flr-162 314 9 they they PRON flr-162 314 10 believe believe VERB flr-162 314 11 to to PART flr-162 314 12 classroom classroom VERB flr-162 314 13 practice practice NOUN flr-162 314 14 would would AUX flr-162 314 15 go go VERB flr-162 314 16 too too ADV flr-162 314 17 far far ADV flr-162 314 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 314 19 beliefbehavior beliefbehavior ADJ flr-162 314 20 gap gap NOUN flr-162 314 21 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 314 22 cf cf X flr-162 314 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 315 1 sheeran sheeran PROPN flr-162 315 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 315 3 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 315 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 315 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 316 1 so so ADV flr-162 316 2 a a DET flr-162 316 3 general general ADJ flr-162 316 4 identification identification NOUN flr-162 316 5 of of ADP flr-162 316 6 “ " PUNCT flr-162 316 7 good good ADJ flr-162 316 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 316 9 ” " PUNCT flr-162 316 10 with with ADP flr-162 316 11 “ " PUNCT flr-162 316 12 good good ADJ flr-162 316 13 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 316 14 ” " PUNCT flr-162 316 15 is be AUX flr-162 316 16 too too ADV flr-162 316 17 simplistic simplistic ADJ flr-162 316 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 317 1 this this DET flr-162 317 2 issue issue NOUN flr-162 317 3 requires require VERB flr-162 317 4 further further ADJ flr-162 317 5 research research NOUN flr-162 317 6 that that PRON flr-162 317 7 examines examine VERB flr-162 317 8 the the DET flr-162 317 9 relevance relevance NOUN flr-162 317 10 of of ADP flr-162 317 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 317 12 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 317 13 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 317 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 317 15 concerning concern VERB flr-162 317 16 factors factor NOUN flr-162 317 17 of of ADP flr-162 317 18 school school NOUN flr-162 317 19 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 317 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 317 21 for for ADP flr-162 317 22 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 317 23 choices choice NOUN flr-162 317 24 and and CCONJ flr-162 317 25 student student NOUN flr-162 317 26 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 317 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 318 1 another another DET flr-162 318 2 drawback drawback NOUN flr-162 318 3 is be AUX flr-162 318 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 318 5 in in ADP flr-162 318 6 the the DET flr-162 318 7 present present ADJ flr-162 318 8 study study PROPN flr-162 318 9 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 318 10 ’s ’s PART flr-162 318 11 findings finding NOUN flr-162 318 12 served serve VERB flr-162 318 13 as as ADP flr-162 318 14 a a DET flr-162 318 15 kind kind NOUN flr-162 318 16 of of ADP flr-162 318 17 “ " PUNCT flr-162 318 18 quasi quasi ADJ flr-162 318 19 - - NOUN flr-162 318 20 reality reality NOUN flr-162 318 21 ” " PUNCT flr-162 318 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 319 1 despite despite SCONJ flr-162 319 2 all all DET flr-162 319 3 its its PRON flr-162 319 4 merits merit NOUN flr-162 319 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 319 6 as as ADP flr-162 319 7 a a DET flr-162 319 8 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 319 9 of of ADP flr-162 319 10 meta meta NOUN flr-162 319 11 - - PUNCT flr-162 319 12 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 319 13 it it PRON flr-162 319 14 also also ADV flr-162 319 15 poses pose VERB flr-162 319 16 some some DET flr-162 319 17 methodological methodological ADJ flr-162 319 18 difficulties difficulty NOUN flr-162 319 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 319 20 for for SCONJ flr-162 319 21 a a DET flr-162 319 22 more more ADV flr-162 319 23 extensive extensive ADJ flr-162 319 24 discussion discussion NOUN flr-162 319 25 see see VERB flr-162 319 26 terhart terhart NOUN flr-162 319 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 319 28 2011 2011 NUM flr-162 319 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 319 30 , , PUNCT flr-162 319 31 which which PRON flr-162 319 32 limits limit VERB flr-162 319 33 the the DET flr-162 319 34 interpretability interpretability NOUN flr-162 319 35 of of ADP flr-162 319 36 the the DET flr-162 319 37 discrepancy discrepancy NOUN flr-162 319 38 between between ADP flr-162 319 39 “ " PUNCT flr-162 319 40 real real ADJ flr-162 319 41 ” " PUNCT flr-162 319 42 and and CCONJ flr-162 319 43 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 319 44 - - PUNCT flr-162 319 45 estimated estimate VERB flr-162 319 46 effect effect NOUN flr-162 319 47 sizes size NOUN flr-162 319 48 . . PUNCT flr-162 320 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 320 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 320 3 even even ADV flr-162 320 4 though though SCONJ flr-162 320 5 we we PRON flr-162 320 6 concentrated concentrate VERB flr-162 320 7 on on ADP flr-162 320 8 those those DET flr-162 320 9 variables variable NOUN flr-162 320 10 that that PRON flr-162 320 11 have have AUX flr-162 320 12 shown show VERB flr-162 320 13 similar similar ADJ flr-162 320 14 results result NOUN flr-162 320 15 in in ADP flr-162 320 16 other other ADJ flr-162 320 17 school school NOUN flr-162 320 18 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 320 19 studies study NOUN flr-162 320 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 320 21 the the DET flr-162 320 22 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 320 23 with with ADP flr-162 320 24 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 320 25 ’s ’s PART flr-162 320 26 results result NOUN flr-162 320 27 is be AUX flr-162 320 28 to to PART flr-162 320 29 be be AUX flr-162 320 30 interpreted interpret VERB flr-162 320 31 with with ADP flr-162 320 32 caution caution NOUN flr-162 320 33 . . PUNCT flr-162 321 1 the the DET flr-162 321 2 same same ADJ flr-162 321 3 holds hold VERB flr-162 321 4 for for ADP flr-162 321 5 the the DET flr-162 321 6 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 321 7 of of ADP flr-162 321 8 preand preand NOUN flr-162 321 9 in in ADP flr-162 321 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 321 11 service service NOUN flr-162 321 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 321 13 : : PUNCT flr-162 321 14 as as SCONJ flr-162 321 15 our our PRON flr-162 321 16 data datum NOUN flr-162 321 17 was be AUX flr-162 321 18 not not PART flr-162 321 19 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ flr-162 321 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 321 21 strictly strictly ADV flr-162 321 22 speaking speak VERB flr-162 321 23 we we PRON flr-162 321 24 can can AUX flr-162 321 25 not not PART flr-162 321 26 interpret interpret VERB flr-162 321 27 the the DET flr-162 321 28 discrepancy discrepancy NOUN flr-162 321 29 between between ADP flr-162 321 30 the the DET flr-162 321 31 groups group NOUN flr-162 321 32 as as ADP flr-162 321 33 a a DET flr-162 321 34 development development NOUN flr-162 321 35 or or CCONJ flr-162 321 36 acquisition acquisition NOUN flr-162 321 37 of of ADP flr-162 321 38 competence competence NOUN flr-162 321 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 322 1 additionally additionally ADV flr-162 322 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 322 3 in in ADP flr-162 322 4 order order NOUN flr-162 322 5 to to PART flr-162 322 6 validate validate VERB flr-162 322 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 322 8 stabilize stabilize VERB flr-162 322 9 the the DET flr-162 322 10 latent latent NOUN flr-162 322 11 factor factor NOUN flr-162 322 12 structure structure NOUN flr-162 322 13 further further ADJ flr-162 322 14 investigations investigation NOUN flr-162 322 15 with with ADP flr-162 322 16 a a DET flr-162 322 17 larger large ADJ flr-162 322 18 number number NOUN flr-162 322 19 of of ADP flr-162 322 20 variables variable NOUN flr-162 322 21 from from ADP flr-162 322 22 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 322 23 ’s ’s PART flr-162 322 24 study study NOUN flr-162 322 25 are be AUX flr-162 322 26 needed need VERB flr-162 322 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 323 1 the the DET flr-162 323 2 generalizability generalizability NOUN flr-162 323 3 of of ADP flr-162 323 4 our our PRON flr-162 323 5 results result NOUN flr-162 323 6 to to ADP flr-162 323 7 other other ADJ flr-162 323 8 countries country NOUN flr-162 323 9 is be AUX flr-162 323 10 limited limit VERB flr-162 323 11 for for ADP flr-162 323 12 two two NUM flr-162 323 13 different different ADJ flr-162 323 14 reasons reason NOUN flr-162 323 15 : : PUNCT flr-162 323 16 firstly firstly ADV flr-162 323 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 323 18 the the DET flr-162 323 19 intercultural intercultural ADJ flr-162 323 20 generalizability generalizability NOUN flr-162 323 21 of of ADP flr-162 323 22 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 323 23 ’s ’s PART flr-162 323 24 study study NOUN flr-162 323 25 is be AUX flr-162 323 26 already already ADV flr-162 323 27 questionable questionable ADJ flr-162 323 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 324 1 it it PRON flr-162 324 2 mainly mainly ADV flr-162 324 3 relies rely VERB flr-162 324 4 on on ADP flr-162 324 5 research research NOUN flr-162 324 6 findings finding NOUN flr-162 324 7 from from ADP flr-162 324 8 anglophone anglophone ADJ flr-162 324 9 countries country NOUN flr-162 324 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 324 11 not not PART flr-162 324 12 all all PRON flr-162 324 13 of of ADP flr-162 324 14 which which PRON flr-162 324 15 are be AUX flr-162 324 16 equally equally ADV flr-162 324 17 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 324 18 for for ADP flr-162 324 19 education education NOUN flr-162 324 20 in in ADP flr-162 324 21 germany germany PROPN flr-162 324 22 and and CCONJ flr-162 324 23 for for ADP flr-162 324 24 the the DET flr-162 324 25 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 324 26 of of ADP flr-162 324 27 german german ADJ flr-162 324 28 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 324 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 325 1 secondly secondly ADV flr-162 325 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 325 3 we we PRON flr-162 325 4 also also ADV flr-162 325 5 have have VERB flr-162 325 6 to to PART flr-162 325 7 take take VERB flr-162 325 8 into into ADP flr-162 325 9 account account NOUN flr-162 325 10 that that SCONJ flr-162 325 11 our our PRON flr-162 325 12 sampling sampling NOUN flr-162 325 13 was be AUX flr-162 325 14 restricted restrict VERB flr-162 325 15 to to ADP flr-162 325 16 the the DET flr-162 325 17 german german ADJ flr-162 325 18 education education NOUN flr-162 325 19 system system NOUN flr-162 325 20 and and CCONJ flr-162 325 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 325 22 moreover moreover ADV flr-162 325 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 325 24 to to ADP flr-162 325 25 one one NUM flr-162 325 26 specific specific ADJ flr-162 325 27 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 325 28 training training NOUN flr-162 325 29 program program NOUN flr-162 325 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 326 1 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 326 2 are be AUX flr-162 326 3 rather rather ADV flr-162 326 4 likely likely ADJ flr-162 326 5 to to PART flr-162 326 6 differ differ VERB flr-162 326 7 in in ADP flr-162 326 8 terms term NOUN flr-162 326 9 of of ADP flr-162 326 10 structureand structureand NOUN flr-162 326 11 content content NOUN flr-162 326 12 - - PUNCT flr-162 326 13 related relate VERB flr-162 326 14 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 326 15 of of ADP flr-162 326 16 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 326 17 education education NOUN flr-162 326 18 in in ADP flr-162 326 19 different different ADJ flr-162 326 20 countries country NOUN flr-162 326 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 326 22 institutions institution NOUN flr-162 326 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 327 1 furthermore furthermore ADV flr-162 327 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 327 3 they they PRON flr-162 327 4 are be AUX flr-162 327 5 subject subject ADJ flr-162 327 6 to to ADP flr-162 327 7 the the DET flr-162 327 8 more more ADV flr-162 327 9 general general ADJ flr-162 327 10 cultural cultural ADJ flr-162 327 11 and and CCONJ flr-162 327 12 academic academic ADJ flr-162 327 13 situation situation NOUN flr-162 327 14 in in ADP flr-162 327 15 a a DET flr-162 327 16 certain certain ADJ flr-162 327 17 time time NOUN flr-162 327 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 327 19 place place NOUN flr-162 327 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 328 1 for for ADP flr-162 328 2 example example NOUN flr-162 328 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 328 4 the the DET flr-162 328 5 acceptance acceptance NOUN flr-162 328 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 328 7 appreciation appreciation NOUN flr-162 328 8 of of ADP flr-162 328 9 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 328 10 research research NOUN flr-162 328 11 may may AUX flr-162 328 12 differ differ VERB flr-162 328 13 considerably considerably ADV flr-162 328 14 from from ADP flr-162 328 15 country country NOUN flr-162 328 16 to to ADP flr-162 328 17 country country NOUN flr-162 328 18 and and CCONJ flr-162 328 19 from from ADP flr-162 328 20 faculty faculty NOUN flr-162 328 21 to to ADP flr-162 328 22 faculty faculty NOUN flr-162 328 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 329 1 in in ADP flr-162 329 2 case case NOUN flr-162 329 3 of of ADP flr-162 329 4 this this DET flr-162 329 5 study study NOUN flr-162 329 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 329 7 the the DET flr-162 329 8 fact fact NOUN flr-162 329 9 that that SCONJ flr-162 329 10 german german ADJ flr-162 329 11 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 329 12 training training NOUN flr-162 329 13 programs program NOUN flr-162 329 14 generally generally ADV flr-162 329 15 focus focus VERB flr-162 329 16 on on ADP flr-162 329 17 the the DET flr-162 329 18 study study NOUN flr-162 329 19 of of ADP flr-162 329 20 two two NUM flr-162 329 21 scientific scientific ADJ flr-162 329 22 disciplines discipline NOUN flr-162 329 23 rather rather ADV flr-162 329 24 than than ADP flr-162 329 25 on on ADP flr-162 329 26 educational educational ADJ flr-162 329 27 science science NOUN flr-162 329 28 and and CCONJ flr-162 329 29 field field NOUN flr-162 329 30 experience experience NOUN flr-162 329 31 might might AUX flr-162 329 32 impact impact VERB flr-162 329 33 the the DET flr-162 329 34 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 329 35 of of ADP flr-162 329 36 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 329 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 330 1 the the DET flr-162 330 2 question question NOUN flr-162 330 3 of of ADP flr-162 330 4 differences difference NOUN flr-162 330 5 in in ADP flr-162 330 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 330 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 330 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 330 9 according accord VERB flr-162 330 10 to to ADP flr-162 330 11 differences difference NOUN flr-162 330 12 in in ADP flr-162 330 13 their their PRON flr-162 330 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 330 15 cultureand cultureand NOUN flr-162 330 16 program program NOUN flr-162 330 17 - - PUNCT flr-162 330 18 specific specific ADJ flr-162 330 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 330 20 education education NOUN flr-162 330 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 330 22 practice practice NOUN flr-162 330 23 would would AUX flr-162 330 24 be be AUX flr-162 330 25 an an DET flr-162 330 26 interesting interesting ADJ flr-162 330 27 topic topic NOUN flr-162 330 28 for for ADP flr-162 330 29 future future ADJ flr-162 330 30 research research NOUN flr-162 330 31 . . PUNCT flr-162 331 1 our our PRON flr-162 331 2 research research NOUN flr-162 331 3 was be AUX flr-162 331 4 restricted restrict VERB flr-162 331 5 to to ADP flr-162 331 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 331 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 331 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 331 9 concerning concern VERB flr-162 331 10 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 331 11 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 331 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 332 1 unfortunately unfortunately ADV flr-162 332 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 332 3 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 332 4 ’s ’s PART flr-162 332 5 work work NOUN flr-162 332 6 does do AUX flr-162 332 7 not not PART flr-162 332 8 identify identify VERB flr-162 332 9 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 332 10 of of ADP flr-162 332 11 motivation motivation NOUN flr-162 332 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 332 13 attitude attitude NOUN flr-162 332 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 332 15 self self NOUN flr-162 332 16 - - PUNCT flr-162 332 17 concept concept NOUN flr-162 332 18 or or CCONJ flr-162 332 19 other other ADJ flr-162 332 20 affective affective ADJ flr-162 332 21 variables variable NOUN flr-162 332 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 333 1 a a DET flr-162 333 2 study study NOUN flr-162 333 3 that that PRON flr-162 333 4 examines examine VERB flr-162 333 5 determinants determinant NOUN flr-162 333 6 of of ADP flr-162 333 7 affective affective ADJ flr-162 333 8 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 333 9 to to ADP flr-162 333 10 the the DET flr-162 333 11 extent extent NOUN flr-162 333 12 that that PRON flr-162 333 13 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 333 14 did do VERB flr-162 333 15 this this PRON flr-162 333 16 for for ADP flr-162 333 17 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 333 18 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 333 19 is be AUX flr-162 333 20 still still ADV flr-162 333 21 missing miss VERB flr-162 333 22 in in ADP flr-162 333 23 educational educational ADJ flr-162 333 24 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 333 25 research research NOUN flr-162 333 26 . . PUNCT flr-162 334 1 thus thus ADV flr-162 334 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 334 3 there there PRON flr-162 334 4 is be VERB flr-162 334 5 no no DET flr-162 334 6 basis basis NOUN flr-162 334 7 for for ADP flr-162 334 8 research research NOUN flr-162 334 9 on on ADP flr-162 334 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 334 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 334 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 334 13 concerning concern VERB flr-162 334 14 those those DET flr-162 334 15 variables variable NOUN flr-162 334 16 yet yet ADV flr-162 334 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 335 1 5.3 5.3 NUM flr-162 335 2 strengths strength NOUN flr-162 335 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 335 4 educational educational ADJ flr-162 335 5 implications implication NOUN flr-162 335 6 especially especially ADV flr-162 335 7 the the DET flr-162 335 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 335 9 of of ADP flr-162 335 10 pre pre ADJ flr-162 335 11 - - ADJ flr-162 335 12 service service ADJ flr-162 335 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 335 14 differed differ VERB flr-162 335 15 significantly significantly ADV flr-162 335 16 from from ADP flr-162 335 17 the the DET flr-162 335 18 results result NOUN flr-162 335 19 of of ADP flr-162 335 20 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 335 21 ’s ’s PART flr-162 335 22 research research NOUN flr-162 335 23 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 335 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 336 1 of of ADP flr-162 336 2 course course NOUN flr-162 336 3 neither neither CCONJ flr-162 336 4 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 336 5 ’s ’s PART flr-162 336 6 findings finding NOUN flr-162 336 7 nor nor CCONJ flr-162 336 8 the the DET flr-162 336 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 336 10 of of ADP flr-162 336 11 expert expert NOUN flr-162 336 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 336 13 can can AUX flr-162 336 14 be be AUX flr-162 336 15 taken take VERB flr-162 336 16 as as ADP flr-162 336 17 ultimately ultimately ADV flr-162 336 18 true true ADJ flr-162 336 19 or or CCONJ flr-162 336 20 as as ADP flr-162 336 21 factual factual ADJ flr-162 336 22 reality reality NOUN flr-162 336 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 337 1 however however ADV flr-162 337 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 337 3 they they PRON flr-162 337 4 both both PRON flr-162 337 5 emphasize emphasize VERB flr-162 337 6 similar similar ADJ flr-162 337 7 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 337 8 of of ADP flr-162 337 9 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 337 10 : : PUNCT flr-162 337 11 the the DET flr-162 337 12 role role NOUN flr-162 337 13 of of ADP flr-162 337 14 the the DET flr-162 337 15 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 337 16 as as ADP flr-162 337 17 an an DET flr-162 337 18 activator activator NOUN flr-162 337 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 337 20 rather rather ADV flr-162 337 21 than than ADP flr-162 337 22 a a DET flr-162 337 23 facilitator facilitator NOUN flr-162 337 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 337 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 337 26 the the DET flr-162 337 27 importance importance NOUN flr-162 337 28 of of ADP flr-162 337 29 academic academic ADJ flr-162 337 30 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 337 31 and and CCONJ flr-162 337 32 the the DET flr-162 337 33 comparably comparably ADV flr-162 337 34 little little ADJ flr-162 337 35 significance significance NOUN flr-162 337 36 of of ADP flr-162 337 37 structural structural ADJ flr-162 337 38 conditions condition NOUN flr-162 337 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 338 1 if if SCONJ flr-162 338 2 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 338 3 educators educator NOUN flr-162 338 4 address address VERB flr-162 338 5 these these DET flr-162 338 6 issues issue NOUN flr-162 338 7 explicitly explicitly ADV flr-162 338 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 338 9 confront confront VERB flr-162 338 10 their their PRON flr-162 338 11 students student NOUN flr-162 338 12 with with ADP flr-162 338 13 their their PRON flr-162 338 14 own own ADJ flr-162 338 15 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 338 16 as as ADV flr-162 338 17 well well ADV flr-162 338 18 as as ADP flr-162 338 19 with with ADP flr-162 338 20 the the DET flr-162 338 21 findings finding NOUN flr-162 338 22 of of ADP flr-162 338 23 school school NOUN flr-162 338 24 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 338 25 research research NOUN flr-162 338 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 338 27 they they PRON flr-162 338 28 can can AUX flr-162 338 29 help help VERB flr-162 338 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 338 31 prospective prospective ADJ flr-162 338 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 338 33 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 338 34 to to PART flr-162 338 35 focus focus VERB flr-162 338 36 on on ADP flr-162 338 37 what what PRON flr-162 338 38 has have AUX flr-162 338 39 yet yet ADV flr-162 338 40 been be AUX flr-162 338 41 shown show VERB flr-162 338 42 to to PART flr-162 338 43 work work VERB flr-162 338 44 best well ADV flr-162 338 45 in in ADP flr-162 338 46 school school NOUN flr-162 338 47 . . PUNCT flr-162 339 1 the the DET flr-162 339 2 fact fact NOUN flr-162 339 3 that that SCONJ flr-162 339 4 pre pre ADJ flr-162 339 5 - - ADJ flr-162 339 6 service service ADJ flr-162 339 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 339 8 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 339 9 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 339 10 diverged diverge VERB flr-162 339 11 from from ADP flr-162 339 12 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 339 13 findings finding NOUN flr-162 339 14 more more ADV flr-162 339 15 strongly strongly ADV flr-162 339 16 than than ADP flr-162 339 17 those those PRON flr-162 339 18 of of ADP flr-162 339 19 experienced experienced ADJ flr-162 339 20 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 339 21 suggests suggest VERB flr-162 339 22 that that SCONJ flr-162 339 23 learning learn VERB flr-162 339 24 opportunities opportunity NOUN flr-162 339 25 in in ADP flr-162 339 26 the the DET flr-162 339 27 field field NOUN flr-162 339 28 do do AUX flr-162 339 29 make make VERB flr-162 339 30 a a DET flr-162 339 31 difference difference NOUN flr-162 339 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 340 1 the the DET flr-162 340 2 experience experience NOUN flr-162 340 3     SPACE flr-162 340 4 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 340 5     SPACE flr-162 340 6 et et PROPN flr-162 340 7     SPACE flr-162 340 8 al al PROPN flr-162 340 9     SPACE flr-162 340 10 f f PROPN flr-162 340 11     SPACE flr-162 341 1 | | ADV flr-162 341 2 f f NOUN flr-162 341 3 l l NOUN flr-162 341 4 r r NOUN flr-162 341 5         SPACE flr-162 341 6 41 41 NUM flr-162 341 7     SPACE flr-162 341 8 that that SCONJ flr-162 341 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 341 10 gain gain VERB flr-162 341 11 in in ADP flr-162 341 12 their their PRON flr-162 341 13 years year NOUN flr-162 341 14 of of ADP flr-162 341 15 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 341 16 practice practice NOUN flr-162 341 17 seems seem VERB flr-162 341 18 to to PART flr-162 341 19 affect affect VERB flr-162 341 20 their their PRON flr-162 341 21 judgment judgment NOUN flr-162 341 22 in in ADP flr-162 341 23 a a DET flr-162 341 24 way way NOUN flr-162 341 25 that that PRON flr-162 341 26 is be AUX flr-162 341 27 beneficial beneficial ADJ flr-162 341 28 for for ADP flr-162 341 29 their their PRON flr-162 341 30 belief belief NOUN flr-162 341 31 systems system NOUN flr-162 341 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 342 1 one one PRON flr-162 342 2 could could AUX flr-162 342 3 argue argue VERB flr-162 342 4 that that SCONJ flr-162 342 5 the the DET flr-162 342 6 constant constant ADJ flr-162 342 7 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 342 8 they they PRON flr-162 342 9 get get VERB flr-162 342 10 from from ADP flr-162 342 11 their their PRON flr-162 342 12 students student NOUN flr-162 342 13 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 342 14 performance performance NOUN flr-162 342 15 in in ADP flr-162 342 16 terms term NOUN flr-162 342 17 of of ADP flr-162 342 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 342 19 successful successful ADJ flr-162 342 20 and and CCONJ flr-162 342 21 unsuccessful unsuccessful ADJ flr-162 342 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 342 23 interventions intervention NOUN flr-162 342 24 helps help VERB flr-162 342 25 them they PRON flr-162 342 26 challenge challenge VERB flr-162 342 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 342 28 adjust adjust VERB flr-162 342 29 their their PRON flr-162 342 30 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 342 31 where where SCONJ flr-162 342 32 necessary necessary ADJ flr-162 342 33 . . PUNCT flr-162 343 1 in in ADP flr-162 343 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 343 3 service service NOUN flr-162 343 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 343 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 343 6 focused focus VERB flr-162 343 7 on on ADP flr-162 343 8 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 343 9 strategies strategy NOUN flr-162 343 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 343 11 factors factor NOUN flr-162 343 12 that that PRON flr-162 343 13 support support VERB flr-162 343 14 the the DET flr-162 343 15 deep deep ADJ flr-162 343 16 structure structure NOUN flr-162 343 17 of of ADP flr-162 343 18 learning learning NOUN flr-162 343 19 might might AUX flr-162 343 20 thus thus ADV flr-162 343 21 be be AUX flr-162 343 22 a a DET flr-162 343 23 reaction reaction NOUN flr-162 343 24 to to ADP flr-162 343 25 their their PRON flr-162 343 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 343 27 more more ADJ flr-162 343 28 or or CCONJ flr-162 343 29 less less ADV flr-162 343 30 systematic systematic ADJ flr-162 343 31 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 343 32 observation observation NOUN flr-162 343 33 and and CCONJ flr-162 343 34 monitoring monitoring NOUN flr-162 343 35 of of ADP flr-162 343 36 what what PRON flr-162 343 37 actually actually ADV flr-162 343 38 works work VERB flr-162 343 39 in in ADP flr-162 343 40 their their PRON flr-162 343 41 own own ADJ flr-162 343 42 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 343 43 . . PUNCT flr-162 344 1 pre pre ADJ flr-162 344 2 - - ADJ flr-162 344 3 service service ADJ flr-162 344 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 344 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 344 6 however however ADV flr-162 344 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 344 8 are be AUX flr-162 344 9 missing miss VERB flr-162 344 10 this this DET flr-162 344 11 direct direct ADJ flr-162 344 12 feedback feedback NOUN flr-162 344 13 in in ADP flr-162 344 14 terms term NOUN flr-162 344 15 of of ADP flr-162 344 16 actual actual ADJ flr-162 344 17 student student NOUN flr-162 344 18 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-162 344 19 as as SCONJ flr-162 344 20 their their PRON flr-162 344 21 confrontation confrontation NOUN flr-162 344 22 with with ADP flr-162 344 23 actual actual ADJ flr-162 344 24 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 344 25 situations situation NOUN flr-162 344 26 is be AUX flr-162 344 27 very very ADV flr-162 344 28 limited limited ADJ flr-162 344 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 345 1 holding hold VERB flr-162 345 2 on on ADP flr-162 345 3 to to ADP flr-162 345 4 established establish VERB flr-162 345 5 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 345 6 might might AUX flr-162 345 7 be be AUX flr-162 345 8 a a DET flr-162 345 9 result result NOUN flr-162 345 10 of of ADP flr-162 345 11 them they PRON flr-162 345 12 not not PART flr-162 345 13 being be AUX flr-162 345 14 challenged challenge VERB flr-162 345 15 by by ADP flr-162 345 16 reality reality NOUN flr-162 345 17 in in ADP flr-162 345 18 the the DET flr-162 345 19 field field NOUN flr-162 345 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 346 1 moreover moreover ADV flr-162 346 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 346 3 one one PRON flr-162 346 4 could could AUX flr-162 346 5 expect expect VERB flr-162 346 6 novice novice NOUN flr-162 346 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 346 8 to to PART flr-162 346 9 be be AUX flr-162 346 10 quite quite ADV flr-162 346 11 overwhelmed overwhelmed ADJ flr-162 346 12 by by ADP flr-162 346 13 their their PRON flr-162 346 14 first first ADJ flr-162 346 15 tentative tentative ADJ flr-162 346 16 efforts effort NOUN flr-162 346 17 in in ADP flr-162 346 18 teaching teach VERB flr-162 346 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 347 1 the the DET flr-162 347 2 demands demand NOUN flr-162 347 3 they they PRON flr-162 347 4 have have VERB flr-162 347 5 to to PART flr-162 347 6 meet meet VERB flr-162 347 7 in in ADP flr-162 347 8 the the DET flr-162 347 9 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 347 10 are be AUX flr-162 347 11 manifold manifold ADJ flr-162 347 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 347 13 they they PRON flr-162 347 14 need need VERB flr-162 347 15 to to PART flr-162 347 16 concentrate concentrate VERB flr-162 347 17 on on ADP flr-162 347 18 various various ADJ flr-162 347 19 things thing NOUN flr-162 347 20 at at ADP flr-162 347 21 once once ADV flr-162 347 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 348 1 in in ADP flr-162 348 2 such such DET flr-162 348 3 a a DET flr-162 348 4 state state NOUN flr-162 348 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 348 6 focusing focus VERB flr-162 348 7 on on ADP flr-162 348 8 the the DET flr-162 348 9 surface surface NOUN flr-162 348 10 structure structure NOUN flr-162 348 11 of of ADP flr-162 348 12 learning learning NOUN flr-162 348 13 seems seem VERB flr-162 348 14 easier easy ADJ flr-162 348 15 than than ADP flr-162 348 16 focusing focus VERB flr-162 348 17 on on ADP flr-162 348 18 deep deep ADJ flr-162 348 19 - - PUNCT flr-162 348 20 structural structural ADJ flr-162 348 21 aspects aspect NOUN flr-162 348 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 349 1 only only ADV flr-162 349 2 with with ADP flr-162 349 3 substantial substantial ADJ flr-162 349 4 practice practice NOUN flr-162 349 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 349 6 experience experience NOUN flr-162 349 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 349 8 when when SCONJ flr-162 349 9 other other ADJ flr-162 349 10 processes process NOUN flr-162 349 11 come come VERB flr-162 349 12 to to ADP flr-162 349 13 them they PRON flr-162 349 14 more more ADV flr-162 349 15 naturally naturally ADV flr-162 349 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 349 17 intuitively intuitively ADV flr-162 349 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 349 19 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 349 20 get get VERB flr-162 349 21 the the DET flr-162 349 22 opportunity opportunity NOUN flr-162 349 23 to to PART flr-162 349 24 pay pay VERB flr-162 349 25 attention attention NOUN flr-162 349 26 to to ADP flr-162 349 27 those those DET flr-162 349 28 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 349 29 details detail NOUN flr-162 349 30 that that PRON flr-162 349 31 have have AUX flr-162 349 32 actually actually ADV flr-162 349 33 been be AUX flr-162 349 34 shown show VERB flr-162 349 35 to to PART flr-162 349 36 work work VERB flr-162 349 37 in in ADP flr-162 349 38 school school NOUN flr-162 349 39 . . PUNCT flr-162 350 1 early early ADJ flr-162 350 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 350 3 regular regular ADJ flr-162 350 4 work work NOUN flr-162 350 5 experience experience NOUN flr-162 350 6 in in ADP flr-162 350 7 school school NOUN flr-162 350 8 during during ADP flr-162 350 9 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 350 10 training training NOUN flr-162 350 11 might might AUX flr-162 350 12 aid aid VERB flr-162 350 13 the the DET flr-162 350 14 acquisition acquisition NOUN flr-162 350 15 of of ADP flr-162 350 16 the the DET flr-162 350 17 necessary necessary ADJ flr-162 350 18 professionalism professionalism NOUN flr-162 350 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 350 20 as as SCONJ flr-162 350 21 it it PRON flr-162 350 22 presents present VERB flr-162 350 23 the the DET flr-162 350 24 opportunity opportunity NOUN flr-162 350 25 to to PART flr-162 350 26 familiarize familiarize VERB flr-162 350 27 pre pre ADJ flr-162 350 28 - - ADJ flr-162 350 29 service service ADJ flr-162 350 30 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 350 31 with with ADP flr-162 350 32 real real ADJ flr-162 350 33 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 350 34 situations situation NOUN flr-162 350 35 and and CCONJ flr-162 350 36 their their PRON flr-162 350 37 role role NOUN flr-162 350 38 as as ADP flr-162 350 39 a a DET flr-162 350 40 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 350 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 351 1 however however ADV flr-162 351 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 351 3 this this PRON flr-162 351 4 should should AUX flr-162 351 5 be be AUX flr-162 351 6 realized realize VERB flr-162 351 7 only only ADV flr-162 351 8 with with ADP flr-162 351 9 respect respect NOUN flr-162 351 10 to to ADP flr-162 351 11 the the DET flr-162 351 12 current current ADJ flr-162 351 13 state state NOUN flr-162 351 14 of of ADP flr-162 351 15 research research NOUN flr-162 351 16 as as SCONJ flr-162 351 17 we we PRON flr-162 351 18 have have VERB flr-162 351 19 little little ADJ flr-162 351 20 reason reason NOUN flr-162 351 21 to to PART flr-162 351 22 assume assume VERB flr-162 351 23 that that SCONJ flr-162 351 24 practical practical ADJ flr-162 351 25 school school NOUN flr-162 351 26 experiences experience NOUN flr-162 351 27 for for ADP flr-162 351 28 pre pre ADJ flr-162 351 29 - - ADJ flr-162 351 30 service service ADJ flr-162 351 31 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 351 32 automatically automatically ADV flr-162 351 33 lead lead VERB flr-162 351 34 to to ADP flr-162 351 35 better well ADJ flr-162 351 36 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 351 37 abilities ability NOUN flr-162 351 38 or or CCONJ flr-162 351 39 a a DET flr-162 351 40 better well ADJ flr-162 351 41 understanding understanding NOUN flr-162 351 42 for for ADP flr-162 351 43 the the DET flr-162 351 44 purposes purpose NOUN flr-162 351 45 and and CCONJ flr-162 351 46 consequences consequence NOUN flr-162 351 47 of of ADP flr-162 351 48 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 351 49 . . PUNCT flr-162 352 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 352 2 tabachnik tabachnik X flr-162 352 3 et et PROPN flr-162 352 4 al al PROPN flr-162 352 5 . . PROPN flr-162 352 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 352 7 1979 1979 NUM flr-162 352 8 - - SYM flr-162 352 9 1980 1980 NUM flr-162 352 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 352 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 353 1 practical practical ADJ flr-162 353 2 experience experience NOUN flr-162 353 3 in in ADP flr-162 353 4 school school NOUN flr-162 353 5 does do AUX flr-162 353 6 not not PART flr-162 353 7 automatically automatically ADV flr-162 353 8 make make VERB flr-162 353 9 better well ADJ flr-162 353 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 353 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 354 1 this this PRON flr-162 354 2 also also ADV flr-162 354 3 applies apply VERB flr-162 354 4 to to ADP flr-162 354 5 their their PRON flr-162 354 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 354 7 : : PUNCT flr-162 354 8 studies study NOUN flr-162 354 9 on on ADP flr-162 354 10 short short ADJ flr-162 354 11 - - PUNCT flr-162 354 12 term term NOUN flr-162 354 13 work work NOUN flr-162 354 14 experiences experience NOUN flr-162 354 15 during during ADP flr-162 354 16 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 354 17 training training NOUN flr-162 354 18 has have AUX flr-162 354 19 shown show VERB flr-162 354 20 the the DET flr-162 354 21 resilience resilience NOUN flr-162 354 22 of of ADP flr-162 354 23 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 354 24 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 354 25 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 354 26 to to PART flr-162 354 27 change change VERB flr-162 354 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 354 29 hascher hascher NOUN flr-162 354 30 , , PUNCT flr-162 354 31 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 354 32 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 354 33 richardson richardson PROPN flr-162 354 34 , , PUNCT flr-162 354 35 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 354 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 354 37 . . PUNCT flr-162 355 1 in in ADP flr-162 355 2 order order NOUN flr-162 355 3 to to PART flr-162 355 4 avoid avoid VERB flr-162 355 5 this this DET flr-162 355 6 misguided misguided ADJ flr-162 355 7 process process NOUN flr-162 355 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 355 9 these these DET flr-162 355 10 early early ADJ flr-162 355 11 experiences experience NOUN flr-162 355 12 need need VERB flr-162 355 13 to to PART flr-162 355 14 be be AUX flr-162 355 15 instructed instruct VERB flr-162 355 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 355 17 accompanied accompany VERB flr-162 355 18 by by ADP flr-162 355 19 professional professional ADJ flr-162 355 20 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 355 21 trainers trainer NOUN flr-162 355 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 356 1 if if SCONJ flr-162 356 2 planned plan VERB flr-162 356 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 356 4 exercised exercise VERB flr-162 356 5 carefully carefully ADV flr-162 356 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 356 7 practical practical ADJ flr-162 356 8 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 356 9 experience experience NOUN flr-162 356 10 during during ADP flr-162 356 11 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 356 12 training training NOUN flr-162 356 13 at at ADP flr-162 356 14 university university NOUN flr-162 356 15 can can AUX flr-162 356 16 lay lay VERB flr-162 356 17 a a DET flr-162 356 18 solid solid ADJ flr-162 356 19 foundation foundation NOUN flr-162 356 20 for for ADP flr-162 356 21 a a DET flr-162 356 22 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 356 23 ’s ’s PART flr-162 356 24 career career NOUN flr-162 356 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 357 1 the the DET flr-162 357 2 other other ADJ flr-162 357 3 central central ADJ flr-162 357 4 finding finding NOUN flr-162 357 5 of of ADP flr-162 357 6 this this DET flr-162 357 7 study study NOUN flr-162 357 8 was be AUX flr-162 357 9 the the DET flr-162 357 10 fundamental fundamental ADJ flr-162 357 11 discrepancy discrepancy NOUN flr-162 357 12 of of ADP flr-162 357 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 357 14 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 357 15 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 357 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 357 17 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 357 18 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 357 19 from from ADP flr-162 357 20 school school NOUN flr-162 357 21 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 357 22 research research NOUN flr-162 357 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 358 1 to to ADP flr-162 358 2 some some DET flr-162 358 3 extent extent NOUN flr-162 358 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 358 5 this this PRON flr-162 358 6 might might AUX flr-162 358 7 be be AUX flr-162 358 8 due due ADJ flr-162 358 9 to to ADP flr-162 358 10 shortcomings shortcoming NOUN flr-162 358 11 in in ADP flr-162 358 12 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 358 13 training training NOUN flr-162 358 14 programs program NOUN flr-162 358 15 to to PART flr-162 358 16 convey convey VERB flr-162 358 17 to to ADP flr-162 358 18 future future ADJ flr-162 358 19 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 358 20 the the DET flr-162 358 21 importance importance NOUN flr-162 358 22 of of ADP flr-162 358 23 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 358 24 - - PUNCT flr-162 358 25 based base VERB flr-162 358 26 practice practice NOUN flr-162 358 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 359 1 the the DET flr-162 359 2 australian australian ADJ flr-162 359 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 359 4 scholar scholar NOUN flr-162 359 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 359 6 administrator administrator NOUN flr-162 359 7 michele michele PROPN flr-162 359 8 bruniges brunige NOUN flr-162 359 9 puts put VERB flr-162 359 10 the the DET flr-162 359 11 lack lack NOUN flr-162 359 12 of of ADP flr-162 359 13 data datum NOUN flr-162 359 14 usage usage NOUN flr-162 359 15 in in ADP flr-162 359 16 the the DET flr-162 359 17 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 359 18 profession profession NOUN flr-162 359 19 into into ADP flr-162 359 20 the the DET flr-162 359 21 following follow VERB flr-162 359 22 words word NOUN flr-162 359 23 : : PUNCT flr-162 359 24 “ " PUNCT flr-162 359 25 a a DET flr-162 359 26 greek greek ADJ flr-162 359 27 philosopher philosopher NOUN flr-162 359 28 might might AUX flr-162 359 29 suggest suggest VERB flr-162 359 30 that that SCONJ flr-162 359 31 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 359 32 is be AUX flr-162 359 33 what what PRON flr-162 359 34 is be AUX flr-162 359 35 observed observe VERB flr-162 359 36 , , PUNCT flr-162 359 37 rational rational ADJ flr-162 359 38 and and CCONJ flr-162 359 39 logical logical ADJ flr-162 359 40 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 359 41 a a DET flr-162 359 42 fundamentalist fundamentalist NOUN flr-162 359 43 – – PUNCT flr-162 359 44 what what PRON flr-162 359 45 you you PRON flr-162 359 46 know know VERB flr-162 359 47 is be AUX flr-162 359 48 true true ADJ flr-162 359 49 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 359 50 a a DET flr-162 359 51 post post NOUN flr-162 359 52 modernist modernist NOUN flr-162 359 53 – – PUNCT flr-162 359 54 what what PRON flr-162 359 55 you you PRON flr-162 359 56 experience experience VERB flr-162 359 57 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 359 58 a a DET flr-162 359 59 lawyer lawyer NOUN flr-162 359 60 – – PUNCT flr-162 359 61 material material NOUN flr-162 359 62 which which PRON flr-162 359 63 tends tend VERB flr-162 359 64 to to PART flr-162 359 65 prove prove VERB flr-162 359 66 or or CCONJ flr-162 359 67 disprove disprove VERB flr-162 359 68 the the DET flr-162 359 69 existence existence NOUN flr-162 359 70 of of ADP flr-162 359 71 a a DET flr-162 359 72 fact fact NOUN flr-162 359 73 and and CCONJ flr-162 359 74 that that PRON flr-162 359 75 is be AUX flr-162 359 76 admissible admissible ADJ flr-162 359 77 in in ADP flr-162 359 78 court court NOUN flr-162 359 79 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 359 80 a a DET flr-162 359 81 clinical clinical ADJ flr-162 359 82 scientist scientist NOUN flr-162 359 83 – – PUNCT flr-162 359 84 information information NOUN flr-162 359 85 obtained obtain VERB flr-162 359 86 from from ADP flr-162 359 87 observations observation NOUN flr-162 359 88 and/or and/or CCONJ flr-162 359 89 experiments experiment NOUN flr-162 359 90 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 359 91 and and CCONJ flr-162 359 92 a a DET flr-162 359 93 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 359 94 – – PUNCT flr-162 359 95 what what PRON flr-162 359 96 they they PRON flr-162 359 97 see see VERB flr-162 359 98 and and CCONJ flr-162 359 99 hear hear VERB flr-162 359 100 ” " PUNCT flr-162 359 101 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 359 102 bruniges brunige NOUN flr-162 359 103 , , PUNCT flr-162 359 104 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 359 105 ; ; PUNCT flr-162 359 106 p. p. NOUN flr-162 359 107 102 102 NUM flr-162 359 108 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 359 109 . . PUNCT flr-162 360 1 while while SCONJ flr-162 360 2 systematic systematic ADJ flr-162 360 3 observation observation NOUN flr-162 360 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 360 5 monitoring monitoring NOUN flr-162 360 6 of of ADP flr-162 360 7 students student NOUN flr-162 360 8 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 360 9 learning learn VERB flr-162 360 10 processes process NOUN flr-162 360 11 are be AUX flr-162 360 12 very very ADV flr-162 360 13 desirable desirable ADJ flr-162 360 14 actions action NOUN flr-162 360 15 to to PART flr-162 360 16 be be AUX flr-162 360 17 taken take VERB flr-162 360 18 by by ADP flr-162 360 19 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 360 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 360 21 “ " PUNCT flr-162 360 22 seeing see VERB flr-162 360 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 360 24 hearing hearing NOUN flr-162 360 25 ” " PUNCT flr-162 360 26 should should AUX flr-162 360 27 not not PART flr-162 360 28 be be AUX flr-162 360 29 the the DET flr-162 360 30 only only ADJ flr-162 360 31 sources source NOUN flr-162 360 32 for for ADP flr-162 360 33 their their PRON flr-162 360 34 professional professional ADJ flr-162 360 35 choices choice NOUN flr-162 360 36 and and CCONJ flr-162 360 37 actions action NOUN flr-162 360 38 . . PUNCT flr-162 361 1 our our PRON flr-162 361 2 study study NOUN flr-162 361 3 supports support VERB flr-162 361 4 the the DET flr-162 361 5 claim claim NOUN flr-162 361 6 that that SCONJ flr-162 361 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 361 8 rarely rarely ADV flr-162 361 9 rely rely VERB flr-162 361 10 on on ADP flr-162 361 11 available available ADJ flr-162 361 12 research research NOUN flr-162 361 13 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 361 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 362 1 their their PRON flr-162 362 2 assessment assessment NOUN flr-162 362 3 of of ADP flr-162 362 4 what what PRON flr-162 362 5 actually actually ADV flr-162 362 6 works work VERB flr-162 362 7 in in ADP flr-162 362 8 school school NOUN flr-162 362 9 rather rather ADV flr-162 362 10 seems seem VERB flr-162 362 11 to to PART flr-162 362 12 be be AUX flr-162 362 13 guided guide VERB flr-162 362 14 by by ADP flr-162 362 15 subjective subjective ADJ flr-162 362 16 experiences experience NOUN flr-162 362 17 that that PRON flr-162 362 18 are be AUX flr-162 362 19 usually usually ADV flr-162 362 20 gained gain VERB flr-162 362 21 in in ADP flr-162 362 22 the the DET flr-162 362 23 isolation isolation NOUN flr-162 362 24 of of ADP flr-162 362 25 their their PRON flr-162 362 26 own own ADJ flr-162 362 27 classrooms classroom NOUN flr-162 362 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 363 1 but but CCONJ flr-162 363 2 it it PRON flr-162 363 3 would would AUX flr-162 363 4 certainly certainly ADV flr-162 363 5 be be AUX flr-162 363 6 wrong wrong ADJ flr-162 363 7 to to PART flr-162 363 8 lay lay VERB flr-162 363 9 all all DET flr-162 363 10 the the DET flr-162 363 11 blame blame NOUN flr-162 363 12 on on ADP flr-162 363 13 the the DET flr-162 363 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 363 15 : : PUNCT flr-162 363 16 what what PRON flr-162 363 17 we we PRON flr-162 363 18 need need VERB flr-162 363 19 is be AUX flr-162 363 20 an an DET flr-162 363 21 evidencebased evidencebased ADJ flr-162 363 22 culture culture NOUN flr-162 363 23 of of ADP flr-162 363 24 improvement improvement NOUN flr-162 363 25 in in ADP flr-162 363 26 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 363 27 and and CCONJ flr-162 363 28 learning learning NOUN flr-162 363 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 364 1 in in ADP flr-162 364 2 order order NOUN flr-162 364 3 to to PART flr-162 364 4 achieve achieve VERB flr-162 364 5 this this DET flr-162 364 6 goal goal NOUN flr-162 364 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 364 8 three three NUM flr-162 364 9 professions profession NOUN flr-162 364 10 in in ADP flr-162 364 11 the the DET flr-162 364 12 field field NOUN flr-162 364 13 of of ADP flr-162 364 14 education education NOUN flr-162 364 15 need need VERB flr-162 364 16 to to PART flr-162 364 17 assume assume VERB flr-162 364 18 responsibility responsibility NOUN flr-162 364 19 : : PUNCT flr-162 365 1 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 365 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 365 3 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 365 4 trainers trainer NOUN flr-162 365 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 365 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 365 7 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 365 8 themselves themselves PRON flr-162 365 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 366 1 first first ADV flr-162 366 2 of of ADP flr-162 366 3 all all PRON flr-162 366 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 366 5 educational educational ADJ flr-162 366 6 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 366 7 are be AUX flr-162 366 8 confronted confront VERB flr-162 366 9 with with ADP flr-162 366 10 the the DET flr-162 366 11 issue issue NOUN flr-162 366 12 of of ADP flr-162 366 13 making make VERB flr-162 366 14 their their PRON flr-162 366 15 findings finding NOUN flr-162 366 16 available available ADJ flr-162 366 17 to to ADP flr-162 366 18 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 366 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 367 1 more more ADV flr-162 367 2 often often ADV flr-162 367 3 than than SCONJ flr-162 367 4 it it PRON flr-162 367 5 is be AUX flr-162 367 6 already already ADV flr-162 367 7 done do VERB flr-162 367 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 367 9 they they PRON flr-162 367 10 should should AUX flr-162 367 11 break break VERB flr-162 367 12 rather rather ADV flr-162 367 13 abstract abstract ADJ flr-162 367 14 studies study NOUN flr-162 367 15 down down ADV flr-162 367 16 to to ADP flr-162 367 17 what what PRON flr-162 367 18 is be AUX flr-162 367 19 of of ADP flr-162 367 20 practical practical ADJ flr-162 367 21 relevance relevance NOUN flr-162 367 22 for for ADP flr-162 367 23 the the DET flr-162 367 24 field field NOUN flr-162 367 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 368 1 such such ADJ flr-162 368 2 efforts effort NOUN flr-162 368 3 may may AUX flr-162 368 4 counteract counteract VERB flr-162 368 5 aversion aversion NOUN flr-162 368 6 to to ADP flr-162 368 7 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 368 8 research research NOUN flr-162 368 9 on on ADP flr-162 368 10 the the DET flr-162 368 11 side side NOUN flr-162 368 12 of of ADP flr-162 368 13 the the DET flr-162 368 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 368 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 369 1 with with ADP flr-162 369 2 his his PRON flr-162 369 3 follow follow VERB flr-162 369 4 - - PUNCT flr-162 369 5 up up ADP flr-162 369 6 book book NOUN flr-162 369 7 “ " PUNCT flr-162 369 8 visible visible ADJ flr-162 369 9 learning learning NOUN flr-162 369 10 for for ADP flr-162 369 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 369 12 ” " PUNCT flr-162 369 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 369 14 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 369 15 sets set VERB flr-162 369 16 a a DET flr-162 369 17 good good ADJ flr-162 369 18 example example NOUN flr-162 369 19 for for ADP flr-162 369 20 this this DET flr-162 369 21 kind kind NOUN flr-162 369 22 of of ADP flr-162 369 23 transfer transfer NOUN flr-162 369 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 370 1 secondly secondly ADV flr-162 370 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 370 3 those those PRON flr-162 370 4 who who PRON flr-162 370 5 educate educate VERB flr-162 370 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 370 7 train train VERB flr-162 370 8 pre pre ADJ flr-162 370 9 - - ADJ flr-162 370 10 service service ADJ flr-162 370 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 370 12 need need VERB flr-162 370 13 to to PART flr-162 370 14 make make VERB flr-162 370 15 sure sure ADJ flr-162 370 16 their their PRON flr-162 370 17 students student NOUN flr-162 370 18 are be AUX flr-162 370 19     SPACE flr-162 370 20 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 370 21     SPACE flr-162 371 1 et et PROPN flr-162 371 2     SPACE flr-162 371 3 al al PROPN flr-162 371 4     SPACE flr-162 371 5 f f PROPN flr-162 371 6     SPACE flr-162 372 1 | | ADV flr-162 372 2 f f NOUN flr-162 372 3 l l NOUN flr-162 372 4 r r NOUN flr-162 372 5         SPACE flr-162 372 6 42 42 NUM flr-162 372 7     SPACE flr-162 372 8 familiar familiar ADJ flr-162 372 9 with with ADP flr-162 372 10 relevant relevant ADJ flr-162 372 11 research research NOUN flr-162 372 12 findings finding NOUN flr-162 372 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 372 14 can can AUX flr-162 372 15 interpret interpret VERB flr-162 372 16 them they PRON flr-162 372 17 appropriately appropriately ADV flr-162 372 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 372 19 and and CCONJ flr-162 372 20 have have VERB flr-162 372 21 the the DET flr-162 372 22 necessary necessary ADJ flr-162 372 23 skills skill NOUN flr-162 372 24 to to PART flr-162 372 25 implement implement VERB flr-162 372 26 them they PRON flr-162 372 27 in in ADP flr-162 372 28 school school NOUN flr-162 372 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 373 1 in in ADP flr-162 373 2 addition addition NOUN flr-162 373 3 to to ADP flr-162 373 4 assessing assess VERB flr-162 373 5 students student NOUN flr-162 373 6 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 373 7 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 373 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 373 9 they they PRON flr-162 373 10 should should AUX flr-162 373 11 be be AUX flr-162 373 12 attentive attentive ADJ flr-162 373 13 to to ADP flr-162 373 14 their their PRON flr-162 373 15 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 373 16 and and CCONJ flr-162 373 17 make make VERB flr-162 373 18 room room NOUN flr-162 373 19 for for ADP flr-162 373 20 critical critical ADJ flr-162 373 21 discussion discussion NOUN flr-162 373 22 of of ADP flr-162 373 23 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 373 24 versus versus ADP flr-162 373 25 anecdotal anecdotal ADJ flr-162 373 26 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 373 27 . . PUNCT flr-162 374 1 explicitly explicitly ADV flr-162 374 2 addressing address VERB flr-162 374 3 the the DET flr-162 374 4 issue issue NOUN flr-162 374 5 of of ADP flr-162 374 6 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 374 7 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 374 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 374 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 374 10 confronting confronting NOUN flr-162 374 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 374 12 future future ADJ flr-162 374 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 374 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 374 15 with with ADP flr-162 374 16 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-162 374 17 dissonance dissonance NOUN flr-162 374 18 might might AUX flr-162 374 19 support support VERB flr-162 374 20 a a DET flr-162 374 21 critical critical ADJ flr-162 374 22 reflection reflection NOUN flr-162 374 23 and and CCONJ flr-162 374 24 examination examination NOUN flr-162 374 25 of of ADP flr-162 374 26 existing exist VERB flr-162 374 27 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 374 28 . . PUNCT flr-162 375 1 last last ADJ flr-162 375 2 but but CCONJ flr-162 375 3 not not PART flr-162 375 4 least least ADJ flr-162 375 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 375 6 it it PRON flr-162 375 7 is be AUX flr-162 375 8 a a DET flr-162 375 9 necessity necessity NOUN flr-162 375 10 for for SCONJ flr-162 375 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 375 12 themselves themselves PRON flr-162 375 13 to to PART flr-162 375 14 stay stay VERB flr-162 375 15 in in ADP flr-162 375 16 touch touch NOUN flr-162 375 17 with with ADP flr-162 375 18 research research NOUN flr-162 375 19 communities community NOUN flr-162 375 20 in in ADP flr-162 375 21 order order NOUN flr-162 375 22 to to PART flr-162 375 23 understand understand VERB flr-162 375 24 current current ADJ flr-162 375 25 developments development NOUN flr-162 375 26 and and CCONJ flr-162 375 27 to to PART flr-162 375 28 constantly constantly ADV flr-162 375 29 reflect reflect VERB flr-162 375 30 on on ADP flr-162 375 31 their their PRON flr-162 375 32 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 375 33 in in ADP flr-162 375 34 comparison comparison NOUN flr-162 375 35 with with ADP flr-162 375 36 crucial crucial ADJ flr-162 375 37 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 375 38 provided provide VERB flr-162 375 39 by by ADP flr-162 375 40 researchers researcher NOUN flr-162 375 41 . . PUNCT flr-162 376 1 keypoints keypoint NOUN flr-162 376 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 3 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 376 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 376 5 diverge diverge VERB flr-162 376 6 from from ADP flr-162 376 7 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 376 8 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 376 9 expert expert NOUN flr-162 376 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 11 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 376 12 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 376 13 diverge diverge VERB flr-162 376 14 from from ADP flr-162 376 15 novice novice NOUN flr-162 376 16 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 17 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 376 18 beliefs beliefs PROPN flr-162 376 19 expert expert PROPN flr-162 376 20 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 21 show show VERB flr-162 376 22 more more ADJ flr-162 376 23 congruence congruence NOUN flr-162 376 24 with with ADP flr-162 376 25 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 376 26 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 376 27 than than SCONJ flr-162 376 28 novice novice NOUN flr-162 376 29 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 30 expert expert PROPN flr-162 376 31 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 32 believe believe VERB flr-162 376 33 in in ADP flr-162 376 34 the the DET flr-162 376 35 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 376 36 of of ADP flr-162 376 37 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 376 38 - - PUNCT flr-162 376 39 related relate VERB flr-162 376 40 variables variable NOUN flr-162 376 41 novice novice NOUN flr-162 376 42 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 376 43 believe believe VERB flr-162 376 44 in in ADP flr-162 376 45 the the DET flr-162 376 46 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 376 47 of of ADP flr-162 376 48 structural structural ADJ flr-162 376 49 and and CCONJ flr-162 376 50 student student NOUN flr-162 376 51 factors factor NOUN flr-162 376 52 references reference NOUN flr-162 376 53 allen allen PROPN flr-162 376 54 , , PUNCT flr-162 376 55 l. l. PROPN flr-162 376 56 q. q. PROPN flr-162 376 57 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 376 58 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 376 59 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 376 60 . . PUNCT flr-162 377 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 377 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 377 3 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-162 377 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 377 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 377 6 the the DET flr-162 377 7 standards standard NOUN flr-162 377 8 for for ADP flr-162 377 9 foreign foreign ADJ flr-162 377 10 language language NOUN flr-162 377 11 learning learning NOUN flr-162 377 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 378 1 foreign foreign ADJ flr-162 378 2 language language NOUN flr-162 378 3 annals annal NOUN flr-162 378 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 378 5 35 35 NUM flr-162 378 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 378 7 518 518 NUM flr-162 378 8 - - SYM flr-162 378 9 529 529 NUM flr-162 378 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 379 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2002.tb02720.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2002.tb02720.x PROPN flr-162 379 2 bandura bandura PROPN flr-162 379 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 379 4 a. a. NOUN flr-162 379 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 379 6 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 379 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 379 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 380 1 self self NOUN flr-162 380 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 380 3 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 380 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 380 5 the the DET flr-162 380 6 exercise exercise NOUN flr-162 380 7 of of ADP flr-162 380 8 control control NOUN flr-162 380 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 381 1 new new PROPN flr-162 381 2 york york PROPN flr-162 381 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 381 4 freeman freeman PROPN flr-162 381 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 382 1 barcelos barcelos PROPN flr-162 382 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 382 3 a. a. PROPN flr-162 382 4 m. m. PROPN flr-162 382 5 f. f. PROPN flr-162 382 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 382 7 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 382 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 382 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 383 1 researching research VERB flr-162 383 2 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 383 3 about about ADP flr-162 383 4 sla sla PROPN flr-162 383 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 383 6 a a DET flr-162 383 7 critical critical ADJ flr-162 383 8 review review NOUN flr-162 383 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 384 1 in in ADP flr-162 384 2 p. p. PROPN flr-162 384 3 kalaja kalaja PROPN flr-162 384 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 384 5 a. a. PROPN flr-162 384 6 m. m. PROPN flr-162 384 7 f. f. PROPN flr-162 384 8 barcelos barcelos PROPN flr-162 384 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 384 10 eds ed NOUN flr-162 384 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 384 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 384 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 384 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 384 15 about about ADP flr-162 384 16 sla sla PROPN flr-162 384 17 : : PUNCT flr-162 384 18 new new ADJ flr-162 384 19 research research NOUN flr-162 384 20 approaches approach NOUN flr-162 384 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 384 22 pp pp ADJ flr-162 384 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 385 1 7 7 NUM flr-162 385 2 - - SYM flr-162 385 3 33 33 NUM flr-162 385 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 385 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 386 1 dordrecht dordrecht PROPN flr-162 386 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 386 3 kluwer kluwer NOUN flr-162 386 4 academic academic ADJ flr-162 386 5 publishers publisher NOUN flr-162 386 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 387 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4751-0_1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4751-0_1 NOUN flr-162 387 2 bates bate NOUN flr-162 387 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 387 4 a. a. PROPN flr-162 387 5 b. b. PROPN flr-162 387 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 387 7 latham latham PROPN flr-162 387 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 387 9 n. n. PROPN flr-162 387 10 & & CCONJ flr-162 387 11 kim kim PROPN flr-162 387 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 387 13 j. j. PROPN flr-162 387 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 387 15 2011 2011 NUM flr-162 387 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 387 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 388 1 linking link VERB flr-162 388 2 preservice preservice NOUN flr-162 388 3 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 388 4 ' ' PART flr-162 388 5 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-162 388 6 self self NOUN flr-162 388 7 - - PUNCT flr-162 388 8 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 388 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 388 10 mathematics mathematics NOUN flr-162 388 11 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 388 12 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 388 13 to to ADP flr-162 388 14 their their PRON flr-162 388 15 mathematical mathematical ADJ flr-162 388 16 performance performance NOUN flr-162 388 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 389 1 school school NOUN flr-162 389 2 science science NOUN flr-162 389 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 389 4 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-162 389 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 390 1 111 111 NUM flr-162 390 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 390 3 325 325 NUM flr-162 390 4 - - SYM flr-162 390 5 333 333 NUM flr-162 390 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 391 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.2011.00095.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.2011.00095.x ADJ flr-162 391 2 bauer bauer PROPN flr-162 391 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 391 4 j. j. PROPN flr-162 391 5 & & CCONJ flr-162 391 6 prenzel prenzel PROPN flr-162 391 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 391 8 m. m. NOUN flr-162 391 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 391 10 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 391 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 391 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 392 1 european european ADJ flr-162 392 2 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 392 3 training training NOUN flr-162 392 4 reforms reform NOUN flr-162 392 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 393 1 science science NOUN flr-162 393 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 393 3 336 336 NUM flr-162 393 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 393 5 1642 1642 NUM flr-162 393 6 - - SYM flr-162 393 7 1643 1643 NUM flr-162 393 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 394 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1218387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1218387 PROPN flr-162 394 2 baumert baumert PROPN flr-162 394 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 394 4 j. j. PROPN flr-162 394 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 394 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 394 7 kunter kunter NOUN flr-162 394 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 394 9 m. m. NOUN flr-162 394 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 394 11 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 394 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 394 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 395 1 stichwort stichwort VERB flr-162 395 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 395 3 professionelle professionelle PROPN flr-162 395 4 kompetenz kompetenz PROPN flr-162 395 5 von von PROPN flr-162 395 6 lehrkräften lehrkräften PROPN flr-162 395 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 396 1 zeitschrift zeitschrift PROPN flr-162 396 2 für für PROPN flr-162 396 3 erziehungswissenschaft erziehungswissenschaft PROPN flr-162 396 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 396 5 9 9 NUM flr-162 396 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 396 7 469 469 NUM flr-162 396 8 - - SYM flr-162 396 9 520 520 NUM flr-162 396 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 397 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11618-006-0165-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11618-006-0165-2 PROPN flr-162 397 2 berliner berliner PROPN flr-162 397 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 397 4 d. d. PROPN flr-162 397 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 397 6 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 397 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 397 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 398 1 describing describe VERB flr-162 398 2 the the DET flr-162 398 3 behavior behavior NOUN flr-162 398 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 398 5 documenting document VERB flr-162 398 6 the the DET flr-162 398 7 accomplishments accomplishment NOUN flr-162 398 8 of of ADP flr-162 398 9 expert expert NOUN flr-162 398 10 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 398 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 399 1 bulletin bulletin NOUN flr-162 399 2 of of ADP flr-162 399 3 science science NOUN flr-162 399 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 399 5 technology technology NOUN flr-162 399 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 399 7 society society NOUN flr-162 399 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 399 9 24 24 NUM flr-162 399 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 399 11 200 200 NUM flr-162 399 12 - - SYM flr-162 399 13 214 214 NUM flr-162 399 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 400 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467604265535 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467604265535 PROPN flr-162 400 2 borg borg PROPN flr-162 400 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 400 4 m. m. NOUN flr-162 400 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 400 6 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 400 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 400 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 401 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 401 2 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 401 3 beliefs beliefs PROPN flr-162 401 4 . . PROPN flr-162 401 5 elt elt PROPN flr-162 401 6 journal journal NOUN flr-162 401 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 401 8 55 55 NUM flr-162 401 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 401 10 186 186 NUM flr-162 401 11 - - SYM flr-162 401 12 188 188 NUM flr-162 401 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 402 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/elt/55.2.186 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/elt/55.2.186 PROPN flr-162 402 2 borg borg PROPN flr-162 402 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 402 4 s. s. PROPN flr-162 402 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 402 6 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 402 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 402 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 403 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 403 2 cognition cognition NOUN flr-162 403 3 in in ADP flr-162 403 4 language language NOUN flr-162 403 5 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 403 6 : : PUNCT flr-162 403 7 a a DET flr-162 403 8 review review NOUN flr-162 403 9 of of ADP flr-162 403 10 research research NOUN flr-162 403 11 on on ADP flr-162 403 12 what what PRON flr-162 403 13 language language NOUN flr-162 403 14 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 403 15 think think VERB flr-162 403 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 403 17 know know VERB flr-162 403 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 403 19 believe believe VERB flr-162 403 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 403 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 403 22 do do VERB flr-162 403 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 404 1 language language NOUN flr-162 404 2 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 404 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 404 4 36 36 NUM flr-162 404 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 404 6 81 81 NUM flr-162 404 7 - - SYM flr-162 404 8 109 109 NUM flr-162 404 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 405 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444803001903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444803001903 PROPN flr-162 405 2 bromme bromme PROPN flr-162 405 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 405 4 r. r. PROPN flr-162 405 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 405 6 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 405 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 405 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 406 1 kompetenzen kompetenzen PROPN flr-162 406 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 406 3 funktionen funktionen PROPN flr-162 406 4 und und PROPN flr-162 406 5 unterrichtliches unterrichtliches PROPN flr-162 406 6 handeln handeln PROPN flr-162 406 7 des de NOUN flr-162 406 8 lehrers lehrer NOUN flr-162 406 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 407 1 in in ADP flr-162 407 2 f. f. PROPN flr-162 407 3 e. e. PROPN flr-162 407 4 weinert weinert PROPN flr-162 407 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 407 6 ed ed NOUN flr-162 407 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 407 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 407 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 407 10 psychologie psychologie PROPN flr-162 407 11 des des PROPN flr-162 407 12 unterrichts unterricht NOUN flr-162 407 13 und und VERB flr-162 407 14 der der PROPN flr-162 407 15 schule schule PROPN flr-162 407 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 408 1 enzyklopaedie enzyklopaedie PROPN flr-162 408 2 der der ADJ flr-162 408 3 psychologie psychologie NOUN flr-162 408 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 408 5 vol vol NOUN flr-162 408 6 . . PROPN flr-162 409 1 3 3 NUM flr-162 409 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 409 3 pp pp ADJ flr-162 409 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 410 1 177212 177212 NUM flr-162 410 2 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 410 3 . . PUNCT flr-162 411 1 goettingen goettingen PRON flr-162 411 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 411 3 hogrefe hogrefe NOUN flr-162 411 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 412 1 bromme bromme PROPN flr-162 412 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 412 3 r. r. PROPN flr-162 412 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 412 5 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 412 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 412 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 413 1 on on ADP flr-162 413 2 the the DET flr-162 413 3 limitations limitation NOUN flr-162 413 4 of of ADP flr-162 413 5 the the DET flr-162 413 6 theory theory NOUN flr-162 413 7 metaphor metaphor NOUN flr-162 413 8 for for ADP flr-162 413 9 the the DET flr-162 413 10 study study NOUN flr-162 413 11 of of ADP flr-162 413 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 413 13 ' ' PART flr-162 413 14 expert expert ADJ flr-162 413 15 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 413 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 414 1 in in ADP flr-162 414 2 m. m. NOUN flr-162 414 3 kompf kompf PROPN flr-162 414 4 & & CCONJ flr-162 414 5 p. p. PROPN flr-162 414 6 denicolo denicolo PROPN flr-162 414 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 414 8 eds ed NOUN flr-162 414 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 414 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 414 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 415 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 415 2 thinking think VERB flr-162 415 3 twenty twenty NUM flr-162 415 4 years year NOUN flr-162 415 5 on on ADP flr-162 415 6 : : PUNCT flr-162 415 7 revisiting revisit VERB flr-162 415 8 persisting persist VERB flr-162 415 9 problems problem NOUN flr-162 415 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 415 11 advances advance NOUN flr-162 415 12 in in ADP flr-162 415 13 education education NOUN flr-162 415 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 415 15 pp pp ADJ flr-162 415 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 416 1 283 283 NUM flr-162 416 2 - - SYM flr-162 416 3 294 294 NUM flr-162 416 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 416 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 417 1 liss liss PROPN flr-162 417 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 417 3 nl nl PROPN flr-162 417 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 417 5 swets swets PROPN flr-162 417 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 417 7 zeitlinger zeitlinger PROPN flr-162 417 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 418 1 bruniges brunige NOUN flr-162 418 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 418 3 m. m. NOUN flr-162 418 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 418 5 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 418 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 418 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 419 1 an an DET flr-162 419 2 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 419 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 419 4 based base VERB flr-162 419 5 approach approach NOUN flr-162 419 6 to to ADP flr-162 419 7 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 419 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 419 9 learning learning NOUN flr-162 419 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 420 1 http://research.acer.edu.au/research_conference_2005/15 http://research.acer.edu.au/research_conference_2005/15 NOUN flr-162 420 2 . . PUNCT flr-162 420 3     SPACE flr-162 420 4 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 420 5     SPACE flr-162 420 6 et et PROPN flr-162 420 7     SPACE flr-162 420 8 al al PROPN flr-162 420 9     SPACE flr-162 420 10 f f PROPN flr-162 420 11     SPACE flr-162 421 1 | | ADV flr-162 421 2 f f NOUN flr-162 421 3 l l NOUN flr-162 421 4 r r NOUN flr-162 421 5         SPACE flr-162 421 6 43 43 NUM flr-162 421 7     SPACE flr-162 421 8 byrne byrne ADJ flr-162 421 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 421 10 b. b. PROPN flr-162 421 11 m. m. PROPN flr-162 421 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 421 13 shavelson shavelson PROPN flr-162 421 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 421 15 r. r. PROPN flr-162 421 16 j. j. PROPN flr-162 421 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 421 18 & & CCONJ flr-162 421 19 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 421 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 421 21 b. b. PROPN flr-162 421 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 421 23 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 421 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 421 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 422 1 testing test VERB flr-162 422 2 for for ADP flr-162 422 3 the the DET flr-162 422 4 equivalence equivalence NOUN flr-162 422 5 of of ADP flr-162 422 6 factor factor NOUN flr-162 422 7 covariance covariance NOUN flr-162 422 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 422 9 mean mean ADJ flr-162 422 10 structures structure NOUN flr-162 422 11 : : PUNCT flr-162 422 12 the the DET flr-162 422 13 issue issue NOUN flr-162 422 14 of of ADP flr-162 422 15 partial partial ADJ flr-162 422 16 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 422 17 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 422 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 423 1 psychological psychological ADJ flr-162 423 2 bulletin bulletin NOUN flr-162 423 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 423 4 105 105 NUM flr-162 423 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 423 6 456 456 NUM flr-162 423 7 - - SYM flr-162 423 8 466 466 NUM flr-162 423 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 424 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.3.456 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.3.456 PROPN flr-162 424 2 calderhead calderhead PROPN flr-162 424 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 424 4 j. j. PROPN flr-162 424 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 424 6 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 424 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 424 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 425 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 425 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 425 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 425 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 425 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 425 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 426 1 in in ADP flr-162 426 2 d. d. PROPN flr-162 426 3 berliner berliner PROPN flr-162 426 4 & & CCONJ flr-162 426 5 r. r. PROPN flr-162 426 6 calfee calfee PROPN flr-162 426 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 426 8 eds ed NOUN flr-162 426 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 426 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 426 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 426 12 handbook handbook NOUN flr-162 426 13 of of ADP flr-162 426 14 educational educational ADJ flr-162 426 15 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 426 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 426 17 pp pp ADJ flr-162 426 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 427 1 709 709 NUM flr-162 427 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 427 3 725 725 NUM flr-162 427 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 427 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 428 1 new new PROPN flr-162 428 2 york york PROPN flr-162 428 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 429 1 macmillan macmillan PROPN flr-162 429 2 . . PROPN flr-162 429 3 cheung cheung PROPN flr-162 429 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 429 5 g. g. PROPN flr-162 429 6 w. w. PROPN flr-162 429 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 429 8 & & CCONJ flr-162 429 9 rensvold rensvold PROPN flr-162 429 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 429 11 r. r. PROPN flr-162 429 12 b. b. PROPN flr-162 429 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 429 14 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 429 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 429 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 430 1 evaluating evaluate VERB flr-162 430 2 goodness goodness NOUN flr-162 430 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 430 4 of of ADP flr-162 430 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 430 6 fit fit ADJ flr-162 430 7 indexes index NOUN flr-162 430 8 for for ADP flr-162 430 9 testing testing NOUN flr-162 430 10 mi mi PROPN flr-162 430 11 . . PROPN flr-162 430 12 structural structural ADJ flr-162 430 13 equation equation NOUN flr-162 430 14 modeling modeling NOUN flr-162 430 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 430 16 9 9 NUM flr-162 430 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 430 18 235 235 NUM flr-162 430 19 - - SYM flr-162 430 20 55 55 NUM flr-162 430 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 430 22 http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem0902_5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem0902_5 NOUN flr-162 430 23 clark clark PROPN flr-162 430 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 430 25 c. c. PROPN flr-162 430 26 m. m. NOUN flr-162 430 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 430 28 1988 1988 NUM flr-162 430 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 430 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 431 1 asking ask VERB flr-162 431 2 the the DET flr-162 431 3 right right ADJ flr-162 431 4 questions question NOUN flr-162 431 5 about about ADP flr-162 431 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 431 7 preparation preparation NOUN flr-162 431 8 : : PUNCT flr-162 431 9 contributions contribution NOUN flr-162 431 10 of of ADP flr-162 431 11 research research NOUN flr-162 431 12 on on ADP flr-162 431 13 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 431 14 thinking think VERB flr-162 431 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 432 1 educational educational ADJ flr-162 432 2 researcher researcher NOUN flr-162 432 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 432 4 17 17 NUM flr-162 432 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 432 6 5 5 NUM flr-162 432 7 - - SYM flr-162 432 8 12 12 NUM flr-162 432 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 433 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x017002005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x017002005 PROPN flr-162 433 2 cochran cochran PROPN flr-162 433 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 433 4 smith smith PROPN flr-162 433 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 433 6 m. m. NOUN flr-162 433 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 433 8 & & CCONJ flr-162 433 9 zeichner zeichner PROPN flr-162 433 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 433 11 k. k. PROPN flr-162 433 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 433 13 eds eds PROPN flr-162 433 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 433 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 433 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 434 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 434 2 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 434 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 434 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 435 1 studying study VERB flr-162 435 2 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 435 3 education education NOUN flr-162 435 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 435 5 the the DET flr-162 435 6 report report NOUN flr-162 435 7 of of ADP flr-162 435 8 the the DET flr-162 435 9 aera aera PROPN flr-162 435 10 panel panel NOUN flr-162 435 11 on on ADP flr-162 435 12 research research NOUN flr-162 435 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 435 14 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 435 15 education education NOUN flr-162 435 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 436 1 mahwah mahwah PROPN flr-162 436 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 436 3 lawrence lawrence PROPN flr-162 436 4 erlbaum erlbaum PROPN flr-162 436 5 associates associates PROPN flr-162 436 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 437 1 coleman coleman PROPN flr-162 437 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 3 j. j. PROPN flr-162 437 4 s. s. PROPN flr-162 437 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 6 campbell campbell PROPN flr-162 437 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 8 e. e. PROPN flr-162 437 9 q. q. PROPN flr-162 437 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 11 hobson hobson PROPN flr-162 437 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 13 c. c. PROPN flr-162 437 14 f. f. PROPN flr-162 437 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 16 mcpartland mcpartland PROPN flr-162 437 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 18 j. j. PROPN flr-162 437 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 20 mood mood NOUN flr-162 437 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 22 a. a. NOUN flr-162 437 23 m. m. NOUN flr-162 437 24 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 25 weifeld weifeld VERB flr-162 437 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 27 f. f. PROPN flr-162 437 28 d. d. PROPN flr-162 437 29 , , PUNCT flr-162 437 30 et et PROPN flr-162 437 31 al al PROPN flr-162 437 32 . . PUNCT flr-162 438 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 438 2 1966 1966 NUM flr-162 438 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 438 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 439 1 equality equality NOUN flr-162 439 2 of of ADP flr-162 439 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 439 4 opportunity opportunity NOUN flr-162 439 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 440 1 washington washington PROPN flr-162 440 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 440 3 d.c d.c PROPN flr-162 440 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 440 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 441 1 u.s u.s PROPN flr-162 441 2 . . PROPN flr-162 441 3 government government NOUN flr-162 441 4 printing printing NOUN flr-162 441 5 office office NOUN flr-162 441 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 442 1 cotton cotton NOUN flr-162 442 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 442 3 k. k. PROPN flr-162 442 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 442 5 1995 1995 NUM flr-162 442 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 442 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 443 1 effective effective ADJ flr-162 443 2 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 443 3 practices practice NOUN flr-162 443 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 443 5 a a DET flr-162 443 6 research research NOUN flr-162 443 7 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 443 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 444 1 1995 1995 NUM flr-162 444 2 update update NOUN flr-162 444 3 . . PUNCT flr-162 445 1 school school NOUN flr-162 445 2 improvement improvement NOUN flr-162 445 3 research research NOUN flr-162 445 4 series series NOUN flr-162 445 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 446 1 northwest northwest PROPN flr-162 446 2 regional regional ADJ flr-162 446 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 446 4 laboratory laboratory NOUN flr-162 446 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 447 1 darling darling NOUN flr-162 447 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 447 3 hammond hammond PROPN flr-162 447 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 447 5 l. l. PROPN flr-162 447 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 447 7 & & CCONJ flr-162 447 8 bransford bransford PROPN flr-162 447 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 447 10 j. j. PROPN flr-162 447 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 447 12 eds eds PROPN flr-162 447 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 447 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 447 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 448 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 448 2 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 448 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 448 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 449 1 preparing prepare VERB flr-162 449 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 449 3 for for ADP flr-162 449 4 a a DET flr-162 449 5 changing change VERB flr-162 449 6 world world NOUN flr-162 449 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 450 1 what what PRON flr-162 450 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 450 3 should should AUX flr-162 450 4 learn learn VERB flr-162 450 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 450 6 be be AUX flr-162 450 7 able able ADJ flr-162 450 8 to to PART flr-162 450 9 do do VERB flr-162 450 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 451 1 san san PROPN flr-162 451 2 francisco francisco PROPN flr-162 451 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 451 4 jossey jossey NOUN flr-162 451 5 - - PUNCT flr-162 451 6 bass bass NOUN flr-162 451 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 452 1 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 452 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 452 3 k. k. PROPN flr-162 452 4 a. a. PROPN flr-162 452 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 452 6 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 452 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 452 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 453 1 the the DET flr-162 453 2 influence influence NOUN flr-162 453 3 of of ADP flr-162 453 4 experience experience NOUN flr-162 453 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 453 6 deliberate deliberate ADJ flr-162 453 7 practice practice NOUN flr-162 453 8 on on ADP flr-162 453 9 the the DET flr-162 453 10 development development NOUN flr-162 453 11 of of ADP flr-162 453 12 superior superior ADJ flr-162 453 13 expert expert NOUN flr-162 453 14 performance performance NOUN flr-162 453 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 454 1 in in ADP flr-162 454 2 k. k. PROPN flr-162 454 3 a. a. PROPN flr-162 454 4 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 454 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 454 6 n. n. PROPN flr-162 454 7 charness charness PROPN flr-162 454 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 454 9 p. p. NOUN flr-162 454 10 feltovich feltovich PROPN flr-162 454 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 454 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 454 13 r. r. PROPN flr-162 454 14 r. r. PROPN flr-162 454 15 hoffman hoffman PROPN flr-162 454 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 454 17 r. r. PROPN flr-162 454 18 r. r. PROPN flr-162 454 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 454 20 eds eds PROPN flr-162 454 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 454 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 454 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 455 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 455 2 handbook handbook PROPN flr-162 455 3 of of ADP flr-162 455 4 expertise expertise NOUN flr-162 455 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 455 6 expert expert NOUN flr-162 455 7 performance performance NOUN flr-162 455 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 455 9 pp pp ADJ flr-162 455 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 456 1 685 685 NUM flr-162 456 2 - - SYM flr-162 456 3 706 706 NUM flr-162 456 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 456 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 457 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 457 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 457 3 uk uk PROPN flr-162 457 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 457 5 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 457 6 university university PROPN flr-162 457 7 press press NOUN flr-162 457 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 458 1 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 458 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 458 3 k. k. PROPN flr-162 458 4 a. a. PROPN flr-162 458 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 458 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 458 7 lehmann lehmann PROPN flr-162 458 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 458 9 a. a. PROPN flr-162 458 10 c. c. PROPN flr-162 458 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 458 12 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 458 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 458 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 459 1 expert expert NOUN flr-162 459 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 459 3 exceptional exceptional ADJ flr-162 459 4 performance performance NOUN flr-162 459 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 459 6 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 459 7 of of ADP flr-162 459 8 maximal maximal ADJ flr-162 459 9 adaptations adaptation NOUN flr-162 459 10 to to ADP flr-162 459 11 task task NOUN flr-162 459 12 constraints constraint NOUN flr-162 459 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 460 1 annual annual ADJ flr-162 460 2 review review NOUN flr-162 460 3 of of ADP flr-162 460 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 460 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 460 6 47 47 NUM flr-162 460 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 460 8 273 273 NUM flr-162 460 9 - - SYM flr-162 460 10 305 305 NUM flr-162 460 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 461 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.47.1.273 http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.47.1.273 PROPN flr-162 461 2 ericsson ericsson PROPN flr-162 461 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 4 k. k. PROPN flr-162 461 5 a. a. PROPN flr-162 461 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 7 charness charness NOUN flr-162 461 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 9 n. n. NOUN flr-162 461 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 11 feltovich feltovich VERB flr-162 461 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 13 p. p. PROPN flr-162 461 14 j. j. PROPN flr-162 461 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 16 & & CCONJ flr-162 461 17 hoffman hoffman PROPN flr-162 461 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 461 19 r. r. PROPN flr-162 461 20 r. r. PROPN flr-162 461 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 461 22 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 461 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 461 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 462 1 the the DET flr-162 462 2 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 462 3 handbook handbook PROPN flr-162 462 4 of of ADP flr-162 462 5 expertise expertise NOUN flr-162 462 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 462 7 expert expert NOUN flr-162 462 8 performance performance NOUN flr-162 462 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 463 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 463 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 463 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 463 4 university university PROPN flr-162 463 5 press press NOUN flr-162 463 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 464 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511816796 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511816796 PROPN flr-162 464 2 fang fang PROPN flr-162 464 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 464 4 z. z. PROPN flr-162 464 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 464 6 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 464 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 464 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 465 1 a a DET flr-162 465 2 review review NOUN flr-162 465 3 of of ADP flr-162 465 4 research research NOUN flr-162 465 5 on on ADP flr-162 465 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 465 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 465 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 465 9 practices practice NOUN flr-162 465 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 466 1 educational educational ADJ flr-162 466 2 research research NOUN flr-162 466 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 466 4 38 38 NUM flr-162 466 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 466 6 47 47 NUM flr-162 466 7 - - SYM flr-162 466 8 65 65 NUM flr-162 466 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 467 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013188960380104 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013188960380104 PROPN flr-162 467 2 fraser fraser PROPN flr-162 467 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 4 b. b. PROPN flr-162 467 5 j. j. PROPN flr-162 467 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 7 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 467 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 9 h. h. PROPN flr-162 467 10 j. j. PROPN flr-162 467 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 12 welch welch PROPN flr-162 467 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 14 w. w. PROPN flr-162 467 15 w. w. PROPN flr-162 467 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 17 & & CCONJ flr-162 467 18 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 467 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 467 20 j. j. PROPN flr-162 467 21 a. a. PROPN flr-162 467 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 467 23 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 467 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 467 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 468 1 syntheses synthesis NOUN flr-162 468 2 of of ADP flr-162 468 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 468 4 productivity productivity NOUN flr-162 468 5 research research NOUN flr-162 468 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 469 1 international international ADJ flr-162 469 2 journal journal NOUN flr-162 469 3 of of ADP flr-162 469 4 educational educational ADJ flr-162 469 5 research research NOUN flr-162 469 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 469 7 11 11 NUM flr-162 469 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 469 9 147 147 NUM flr-162 469 10 - - SYM flr-162 469 11 252 252 NUM flr-162 469 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 470 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/08830355(87)90035-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/08830355(87)90035-8 PROPN flr-162 470 2 freeman freeman PROPN flr-162 470 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 470 4 d. d. PROPN flr-162 470 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 470 6 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 470 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 470 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 471 1 the the DET flr-162 471 2 hidden hidden ADJ flr-162 471 3 side side NOUN flr-162 471 4 of of ADP flr-162 471 5 the the DET flr-162 471 6 work work NOUN flr-162 471 7 : : PUNCT flr-162 471 8 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 471 9 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 471 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 471 11 learning learn VERB flr-162 471 12 to to PART flr-162 471 13 teach teach VERB flr-162 471 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 472 1 language language NOUN flr-162 472 2 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 472 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 472 4 35 35 NUM flr-162 472 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 472 6 1 1 NUM flr-162 472 7 - - SYM flr-162 472 8 13 13 NUM flr-162 472 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 473 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444801001720 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444801001720 PROPN flr-162 473 2 haney haney PROPN flr-162 473 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 473 4 j. j. PROPN flr-162 473 5 j. j. PROPN flr-162 473 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 473 7 lumpe lumpe PROPN flr-162 473 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 473 9 a. a. NOUN flr-162 473 10 t. t. PROPN flr-162 473 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 473 12 & & CCONJ flr-162 473 13 czerniak czerniak PROPN flr-162 473 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 473 15 c. c. PROPN flr-162 473 16 m. m. NOUN flr-162 473 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 473 18 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 473 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 473 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 474 1 constructivist constructivist ADJ flr-162 474 2 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 474 3 about about ADP flr-162 474 4 the the DET flr-162 474 5 science science NOUN flr-162 474 6 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 474 7 learning learning PROPN flr-162 474 8 environment environment NOUN flr-162 474 9 : : PUNCT flr-162 474 10 perspectives perspective NOUN flr-162 474 11 from from ADP flr-162 474 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 474 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 474 14 administrators administrator NOUN flr-162 474 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 474 16 parents parent NOUN flr-162 474 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 474 18 community community NOUN flr-162 474 19 members member NOUN flr-162 474 20 , , PUNCT flr-162 474 21 and and CCONJ flr-162 474 22 students student NOUN flr-162 474 23 . . PUNCT flr-162 475 1 school school NOUN flr-162 475 2 science science NOUN flr-162 475 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 475 4 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-162 475 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 475 6 103 103 NUM flr-162 475 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 475 8 366 366 NUM flr-162 475 9 - - SYM flr-162 475 10 377 377 NUM flr-162 475 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 476 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.19498594.2003.tb18122.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.19498594.2003.tb18122.x PROPN flr-162 476 2 hart hart PROPN flr-162 476 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 476 4 l. l. PROPN flr-162 476 5 c. c. PROPN flr-162 476 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 476 7 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 476 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 476 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 477 1 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 477 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 477 3 perspectives perspective NOUN flr-162 477 4 of of ADP flr-162 477 5 first first ADJ flr-162 477 6 - - PUNCT flr-162 477 7 year year NOUN flr-162 477 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 477 9 alternative alternative ADJ flr-162 477 10 preparation preparation NOUN flr-162 477 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 477 12 elementary elementary ADJ flr-162 477 13 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 477 14 in in ADP flr-162 477 15 urban urban ADJ flr-162 477 16 classrooms classroom NOUN flr-162 477 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 478 1 school school NOUN flr-162 478 2 science science NOUN flr-162 478 3 & & CCONJ flr-162 478 4 mathematics mathematics PROPN flr-162 478 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 478 6 104 104 NUM flr-162 478 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 478 8 79 79 NUM flr-162 478 9 - - SYM flr-162 478 10 88 88 NUM flr-162 478 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 479 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.19498594.2004.tb17985.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.19498594.2004.tb17985.x NOUN flr-162 479 2 harvey harvey PROPN flr-162 479 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 479 4 o. o. PROPN flr-162 479 5 j. j. PROPN flr-162 479 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 479 7 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 479 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 479 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 480 1 belief belief NOUN flr-162 480 2 systems system NOUN flr-162 480 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 480 4 attitudes attitude NOUN flr-162 480 5 toward toward ADP flr-162 480 6 the the DET flr-162 480 7 death death NOUN flr-162 480 8 penalty penalty NOUN flr-162 480 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 480 10 other other ADJ flr-162 480 11 punishments punishment NOUN flr-162 480 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 481 1 journal journal NOUN flr-162 481 2 of of ADP flr-162 481 3 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 481 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 481 5 54 54 NUM flr-162 481 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 481 7 143 143 NUM flr-162 481 8 - - SYM flr-162 481 9 159 159 NUM flr-162 481 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 482 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1986.tb00418.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1986.tb00418.x NOUN flr-162 482 2 hascher hascher NOUN flr-162 482 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 482 4 t. t. PROPN flr-162 482 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 482 6 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 482 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 482 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 483 1 lernfeld lernfeld PROPN flr-162 483 2 praktikum praktikum ADJ flr-162 483 3 – – PUNCT flr-162 483 4 evidenzbasierte evidenzbasierte X flr-162 483 5 entwicklungen entwicklungen NOUN flr-162 483 6 in in ADP flr-162 483 7 der der ADJ flr-162 483 8 lehrer lehrer NOUN flr-162 483 9 / / SYM flr-162 483 10 innenbildung innenbildung PROPN flr-162 483 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 484 1 [ [ X flr-162 484 2 learning learn VERB flr-162 484 3 setting set VERB flr-162 484 4 student student NOUN flr-162 484 5 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 484 6 – – PUNCT flr-162 484 7 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 484 8 - - PUNCT flr-162 484 9 based base VERB flr-162 484 10 developments development NOUN flr-162 484 11 in in ADP flr-162 484 12 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 484 13 education education NOUN flr-162 484 14 ] ] PUNCT flr-162 484 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 485 1 zeitschrift zeitschrift PROPN flr-162 485 2 für für PROPN flr-162 485 3 bildungsforschung bildungsforschung PROPN flr-162 485 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 485 5 2 2 NUM flr-162 485 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 485 7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35834-012-0032-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35834-012-0032-6 PUNCT flr-162 485 8 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 485 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 485 10 j. j. PROPN flr-162 485 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 485 12 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 485 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 485 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 486 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 486 2 make make VERB flr-162 486 3 a a DET flr-162 486 4 difference difference NOUN flr-162 486 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 486 6 what what PRON flr-162 486 7 is be AUX flr-162 486 8 the the DET flr-162 486 9 research research NOUN flr-162 486 10 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 486 11 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 487 1 paper paper NOUN flr-162 487 2 presented present VERB flr-162 487 3 at at ADP flr-162 487 4 the the DET flr-162 487 5 australian australian ADJ flr-162 487 6 council council NOUN flr-162 487 7 for for ADP flr-162 487 8 educational educational ADJ flr-162 487 9 research research NOUN flr-162 487 10 annual annual ADJ flr-162 487 11 conference conference NOUN flr-162 487 12 on on ADP flr-162 487 13 building build VERB flr-162 487 14 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 487 15 quality quality NOUN flr-162 487 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 488 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 488 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 488 3 j. j. PROPN flr-162 488 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 488 5 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 488 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 488 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 489 1 visible visible ADJ flr-162 489 2 learning learning NOUN flr-162 489 3 . . PUNCT flr-162 490 1 a a DET flr-162 490 2 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 490 3 of of ADP flr-162 490 4 over over ADP flr-162 490 5 800 800 NUM flr-162 490 6 meta meta ADJ flr-162 490 7 - - PUNCT flr-162 490 8 analyses analysis NOUN flr-162 490 9 relating relate VERB flr-162 490 10 to to ADP flr-162 490 11 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 490 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 491 1 london london PROPN flr-162 491 2 & & CCONJ flr-162 491 3 new new PROPN flr-162 491 4 york york PROPN flr-162 491 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 491 6 routledge routledge PROPN flr-162 491 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 491 8 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 491 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 491 10 j. j. PROPN flr-162 491 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 491 12 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 491 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 491 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 492 1 visible visible ADJ flr-162 492 2 learning learning NOUN flr-162 492 3 for for ADP flr-162 492 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 492 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 493 1 london london PROPN flr-162 493 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 493 3 routledge routledge PROPN flr-162 493 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 493 5     SPACE flr-162 493 6 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 493 7     SPACE flr-162 493 8 et et PROPN flr-162 493 9     SPACE flr-162 493 10 al al PROPN flr-162 493 11     SPACE flr-162 493 12 f f PROPN flr-162 493 13     SPACE flr-162 494 1 | | ADV flr-162 494 2 f f NOUN flr-162 494 3 l l NOUN flr-162 494 4 r r NOUN flr-162 494 5         SPACE flr-162 494 6 44 44 NUM flr-162 494 7     SPACE flr-162 494 8 hogan hogan PROPN flr-162 494 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 494 10 t. t. PROPN flr-162 494 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 494 12 rabinowitz rabinowitz PROPN flr-162 494 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 494 14 m. m. NOUN flr-162 494 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 494 16 & & CCONJ flr-162 494 17 craven craven PROPN flr-162 494 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 494 19 j. j. PROPN flr-162 494 20 a. a. PROPN flr-162 494 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 494 22 2003 2003 NUM flr-162 494 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 494 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 495 1 representation representation NOUN flr-162 495 2 in in ADP flr-162 495 3 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 495 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 495 5 inferences inference NOUN flr-162 495 6 from from ADP flr-162 495 7 research research NOUN flr-162 495 8 of of ADP flr-162 495 9 expert expert NOUN flr-162 495 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 495 11 novice novice NOUN flr-162 495 12 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 495 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 496 1 educational educational ADJ flr-162 496 2 psychologist psychologist NOUN flr-162 496 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 496 4 38 38 NUM flr-162 496 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 496 6 235 235 NUM flr-162 496 7 - - SYM flr-162 496 8 247 247 NUM flr-162 496 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 497 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep3804_3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep3804_3 NOUN flr-162 497 2 jencks jenck NOUN flr-162 497 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 4 c. c. PROPN flr-162 497 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 6 smith smith PROPN flr-162 497 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 8 m. m. NOUN flr-162 497 9 s. s. PROPN flr-162 497 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 11 ackland ackland PROPN flr-162 497 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 13 h. h. NOUN flr-162 497 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 15 bane bane NOUN flr-162 497 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 17 m. m. NOUN flr-162 497 18 j. j. PROPN flr-162 497 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 20 cohen cohen PROPN flr-162 497 21 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 22 d. d. PROPN flr-162 497 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 24 grintlis grintlis PROPN flr-162 497 25 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 26 h. h. PROPN flr-162 497 27 , , PUNCT flr-162 497 28 et et PROPN flr-162 497 29 al al PROPN flr-162 497 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 497 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 497 32 1973 1973 NUM flr-162 497 33 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 497 34 . . PUNCT flr-162 498 1 inequality inequality NOUN flr-162 498 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 498 3 a a DET flr-162 498 4 reassessment reassessment NOUN flr-162 498 5 of of ADP flr-162 498 6 the the DET flr-162 498 7 effect effect NOUN flr-162 498 8 of of ADP flr-162 498 9 family family NOUN flr-162 498 10 and and CCONJ flr-162 498 11 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 498 12 in in ADP flr-162 498 13 america america PROPN flr-162 498 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 499 1 new new PROPN flr-162 499 2 york york PROPN flr-162 499 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 499 4 basic basic ADJ flr-162 499 5 books book NOUN flr-162 499 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 500 1 köller köller NOUN flr-162 500 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 500 3 o. o. PROPN flr-162 500 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 500 5 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 500 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 500 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 501 1 what what PRON flr-162 501 2 works work VERB flr-162 501 3 best well ADV flr-162 501 4 in in ADP flr-162 501 5 school school NOUN flr-162 501 6 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 502 1 hatties hattie NOUN flr-162 502 2 befunde befunde VERB flr-162 502 3 zu zu PROPN flr-162 502 4 effekten effekten PROPN flr-162 502 5 von von PROPN flr-162 502 6 schulund schulund PROPN flr-162 502 7 unterrichtsvariablen unterrichtsvariablen PROPN flr-162 502 8 auf auf PROPN flr-162 502 9 schulleistungen schulleistungen NOUN flr-162 502 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 503 1 [ [ X flr-162 503 2 what what PRON flr-162 503 3 works work VERB flr-162 503 4 best well ADV flr-162 503 5 in in ADP flr-162 503 6 school school NOUN flr-162 503 7 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 504 1 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 504 2 ’s ’s PART flr-162 504 3 findings finding NOUN flr-162 504 4 concerning concern VERB flr-162 504 5 school school NOUN flr-162 504 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 504 7 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 504 8 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 504 9 on on ADP flr-162 504 10 student student NOUN flr-162 504 11 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 504 12 ] ] PUNCT flr-162 504 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 505 1 psychologie psychologie PROPN flr-162 505 2 in in ADP flr-162 505 3 erziehung erziehung PROPN flr-162 505 4 und und PROPN flr-162 505 5 unterricht unterricht PROPN flr-162 505 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 505 7 59 59 NUM flr-162 505 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 505 9 72 72 NUM flr-162 505 10 - - SYM flr-162 505 11 78 78 NUM flr-162 505 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 506 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.2378/peu2012.art06d http://dx.doi.org/10.2378/peu2012.art06d X flr-162 507 1 kunter kunter NOUN flr-162 507 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 507 3 m. m. NOUN flr-162 507 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 507 5 & & CCONJ flr-162 507 6 pohlmann pohlmann PROPN flr-162 507 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 507 8 b. b. PROPN flr-162 507 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 507 10 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 507 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 507 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 508 1 lehrer lehrer PROPN flr-162 508 2 . . PUNCT flr-162 509 1 in in ADP flr-162 509 2 j. j. PROPN flr-162 509 3 möller möller PROPN flr-162 509 4 & & CCONJ flr-162 509 5 e. e. PROPN flr-162 509 6 wild wild PROPN flr-162 509 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 509 8 eds ed NOUN flr-162 509 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 509 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 509 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 509 12 einführung einführung VERB flr-162 509 13 in in ADP flr-162 509 14 die die PROPN flr-162 509 15 pädagogische pädagogische PROPN flr-162 509 16 psychologie psychologie NOUN flr-162 509 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 509 18 pp pp PROPN flr-162 509 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 509 20 261 261 NUM flr-162 509 21 - - NUM flr-162 509 22 282 282 NUM flr-162 509 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 509 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 510 1 berlin berlin PROPN flr-162 510 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 510 3 springer springer NOUN flr-162 510 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 511 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88573-3_11 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88573-3_11 PROPN flr-162 511 2 leatham leatham PROPN flr-162 511 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 511 4 k. k. PROPN flr-162 511 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 511 6 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 511 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 511 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 512 1 viewing view VERB flr-162 512 2 mathematics mathematics PROPN flr-162 512 3 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 512 4 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 512 5 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 512 6 as as ADP flr-162 512 7 sensible sensible ADJ flr-162 512 8 systems system NOUN flr-162 512 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 513 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 513 2 of of ADP flr-162 513 3 mathematics mathematics PROPN flr-162 513 4 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 513 5 education education NOUN flr-162 513 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 513 7 9 9 NUM flr-162 513 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 513 9 91 91 NUM flr-162 513 10 - - SYM flr-162 513 11 102 102 NUM flr-162 513 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 514 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10857-006-9006-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10857-006-9006-8 PROPN flr-162 514 2 levine levine PROPN flr-162 514 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 514 4 d.k d.k PROPN flr-162 514 5 . . PROPN flr-162 514 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 514 7 & & CCONJ flr-162 514 8 lezotte lezotte PROPN flr-162 514 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 514 10 l.w l.w PROPN flr-162 514 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 514 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 514 13 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 514 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 514 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 515 1 unusually unusually ADV flr-162 515 2 effective effective ADJ flr-162 515 3 schools school NOUN flr-162 515 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 515 5 a a DET flr-162 515 6 review review NOUN flr-162 515 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 515 8 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 515 9 of of ADP flr-162 515 10 research research NOUN flr-162 515 11 and and CCONJ flr-162 515 12 practice practice NOUN flr-162 515 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 516 1 madison madison PROPN flr-162 516 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 516 3 wise wise ADJ flr-162 516 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 516 5 nat nat PROPN flr-162 516 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 517 1 centre centre PROPN flr-162 517 2 for for ADP flr-162 517 3 effective effective ADJ flr-162 517 4 schools school NOUN flr-162 517 5 research research NOUN flr-162 517 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 517 7 development development NOUN flr-162 517 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 518 1 lortie lortie PROPN flr-162 518 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 518 3 d. d. PROPN flr-162 518 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 518 5 1975 1975 NUM flr-162 518 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 518 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 519 1 schoolteacher schoolteacher NOUN flr-162 519 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 519 3 a a DET flr-162 519 4 sociological sociological ADJ flr-162 519 5 study study NOUN flr-162 519 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 520 1 chicago chicago PROPN flr-162 520 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 520 3 university university NOUN flr-162 520 4 of of ADP flr-162 520 5 chicago chicago PROPN flr-162 520 6 press press PROPN flr-162 520 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 521 1 meredith meredith PROPN flr-162 521 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 521 3 w. w. PROPN flr-162 521 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 521 5 & & CCONJ flr-162 521 6 teresi teresi PROPN flr-162 521 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 521 8 j. j. PROPN flr-162 521 9 a. a. PROPN flr-162 521 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 521 11 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 521 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 521 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 522 1 an an DET flr-162 522 2 essay essay NOUN flr-162 522 3 on on ADP flr-162 522 4 measurement measurement NOUN flr-162 522 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 522 6 factorial factorial ADJ flr-162 522 7 invariance invariance NOUN flr-162 522 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 523 1 medical medical ADJ flr-162 523 2 care care NOUN flr-162 523 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 523 4 44 44 NUM flr-162 523 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 523 6 69 69 NUM flr-162 523 7 - - SYM flr-162 523 8 77 77 NUM flr-162 523 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 524 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mlr.0000245438.73837.89 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mlr.0000245438.73837.89 PROPN flr-162 524 2 muijs muijs PROPN flr-162 524 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 524 4 r. r. PROPN flr-162 524 5 d. d. PROPN flr-162 524 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 524 7 & & CCONJ flr-162 524 8 rejnolds rejnolds PROPN flr-162 524 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 524 10 d. d. PROPN flr-162 524 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 524 12 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 524 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 524 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 525 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 525 2 ' ' PART flr-162 525 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 525 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 525 5 behaviors behavior NOUN flr-162 525 6 : : PUNCT flr-162 525 7 what what PRON flr-162 525 8 really really ADV flr-162 525 9 matters matter VERB flr-162 525 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 526 1 journal journal NOUN flr-162 526 2 of of ADP flr-162 526 3 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 526 4 interaction interaction NOUN flr-162 526 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 526 6 37 37 NUM flr-162 526 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 526 8 3 3 NUM flr-162 526 9 - - SYM flr-162 526 10 15 15 NUM flr-162 526 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 527 1 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 527 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 527 3 l.k l.k PROPN flr-162 527 4 . . PROPN flr-162 527 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 527 6 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 527 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 527 8 b.o b.o PROPN flr-162 527 9 . . PROPN flr-162 527 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 527 11 1998 1998 NUM flr-162 527 12 - - SYM flr-162 527 13 2012 2012 NUM flr-162 527 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 527 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 528 1 mplus mplus PROPN flr-162 528 2 user user PROPN flr-162 528 3 ’s ’s PART flr-162 528 4 guide guide NOUN flr-162 528 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 529 1 seventh seventh PROPN flr-162 529 2 edition edition PROPN flr-162 529 3 . . PUNCT flr-162 530 1 los los PROPN flr-162 530 2 angeles angeles PROPN flr-162 530 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 530 4 ca can AUX flr-162 530 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 530 6 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 530 7 & & CCONJ flr-162 530 8 muthén muthén PROPN flr-162 530 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 531 1 national national PROPN flr-162 531 2 board board PROPN flr-162 531 3 for for ADP flr-162 531 4 professional professional ADJ flr-162 531 5 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 531 6 standards standard NOUN flr-162 531 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 531 8 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 531 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 531 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 532 1 what what PRON flr-162 532 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 532 3 should should AUX flr-162 532 4 know know VERB flr-162 532 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 532 6 be be AUX flr-162 532 7 able able ADJ flr-162 532 8 to to PART flr-162 532 9 do do VERB flr-162 532 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 533 1 arlington arlington PROPN flr-162 533 2 . . PUNCT flr-162 533 3 nespor nespor PROPN flr-162 533 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 533 5 j. j. PROPN flr-162 533 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 533 7 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 533 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 533 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 534 1 the the DET flr-162 534 2 role role NOUN flr-162 534 3 of of ADP flr-162 534 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 534 5 in in ADP flr-162 534 6 the the DET flr-162 534 7 practice practice NOUN flr-162 534 8 of of ADP flr-162 534 9 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 534 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 535 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 535 2 of of ADP flr-162 535 3 curriculum curriculum NOUN flr-162 535 4 studies study NOUN flr-162 535 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 535 6 19 19 NUM flr-162 535 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 535 8 317 317 NUM flr-162 535 9 - - SYM flr-162 535 10 328 328 NUM flr-162 535 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 536 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022027870190403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022027870190403 PROPN flr-162 536 2 pajares pajare NOUN flr-162 536 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 536 4 m. m. PROPN flr-162 536 5 f. f. PROPN flr-162 536 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 536 7 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 536 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 536 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 537 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 537 2 ' ' PART flr-162 537 3 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 537 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 537 5 educational educational ADJ flr-162 537 6 research research NOUN flr-162 537 7 : : PUNCT flr-162 537 8 cleaning clean VERB flr-162 537 9 up up ADP flr-162 537 10 a a DET flr-162 537 11 messy messy ADJ flr-162 537 12 construct construct NOUN flr-162 537 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 538 1 review review NOUN flr-162 538 2 of of ADP flr-162 538 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 538 4 research research NOUN flr-162 538 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 538 6 62 62 NUM flr-162 538 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 538 8 307 307 NUM flr-162 538 9 - - SYM flr-162 538 10 332 332 NUM flr-162 538 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 539 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543062003307 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543062003307 PROPN flr-162 539 2 peterson peterson PROPN flr-162 539 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 4 p. p. PROPN flr-162 539 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 6 fennema fennema PROPN flr-162 539 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 8 e. e. PROPN flr-162 539 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 10 carpenter carpenter PROPN flr-162 539 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 12 t. t. PROPN flr-162 539 13 p. p. PROPN flr-162 539 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 15 & & CCONJ flr-162 539 16 loef loef PROPN flr-162 539 17 , , PUNCT flr-162 539 18 m. m. NOUN flr-162 539 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 539 20 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 539 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 539 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 540 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 540 2 ' ' PART flr-162 540 3 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-162 540 4 content content NOUN flr-162 540 5 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 540 6 in in ADP flr-162 540 7 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-162 540 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 541 1 cognition cognition NOUN flr-162 541 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 541 3 instruction instruction NOUN flr-162 541 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 541 5 6 6 NUM flr-162 541 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 541 7 1 1 NUM flr-162 541 8 - - SYM flr-162 541 9 40 40 NUM flr-162 541 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 542 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci0601_1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci0601_1 PROPN flr-162 542 2 purkey purkey PROPN flr-162 542 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 542 4 s.c s.c PROPN flr-162 542 5 . . PROPN flr-162 542 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 542 7 & & CCONJ flr-162 542 8 smith smith PROPN flr-162 542 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 542 10 m.s m.s PROPN flr-162 542 11 . . PROPN flr-162 542 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 542 13 1983 1983 NUM flr-162 542 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 542 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 543 1 effective effective ADJ flr-162 543 2 schools school NOUN flr-162 543 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 543 4 a a DET flr-162 543 5 review review NOUN flr-162 543 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 544 1 the the DET flr-162 544 2 elementary elementary ADJ flr-162 544 3 school school PROPN flr-162 544 4 journal journal NOUN flr-162 544 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 544 6 83 83 NUM flr-162 544 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 544 8 427452 427452 NUM flr-162 544 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 545 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/461325 http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/461325 PROPN flr-162 545 2 richardson richardson PROPN flr-162 545 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 545 4 v. v. PROPN flr-162 545 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 545 6 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 545 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 545 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 546 1 the the DET flr-162 546 2 role role NOUN flr-162 546 3 of of ADP flr-162 546 4 attitudes attitude NOUN flr-162 546 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 546 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 546 7 in in ADP flr-162 546 8 learning learn VERB flr-162 546 9 to to PART flr-162 546 10 teach teach VERB flr-162 546 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 547 1 in in ADP flr-162 547 2 j. j. PROPN flr-162 547 3 sikula sikula PROPN flr-162 547 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 547 5 t. t. PROPN flr-162 547 6 buttery buttery NOUN flr-162 547 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 547 8 & & CCONJ flr-162 547 9 e. e. PROPN flr-162 547 10 guyton guyton PROPN flr-162 547 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 547 12 eds eds PROPN flr-162 547 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 547 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 547 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 547 16 handbook handbook NOUN flr-162 547 17 of of ADP flr-162 547 18 research research NOUN flr-162 547 19 on on ADP flr-162 547 20 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 547 21 education education NOUN flr-162 547 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 547 23 pp pp ADJ flr-162 547 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 547 25 137 137 NUM flr-162 547 26 - - SYM flr-162 547 27 147 147 NUM flr-162 547 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 547 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 548 1 new new PROPN flr-162 548 2 york york PROPN flr-162 548 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 549 1 macmillan macmillan PROPN flr-162 549 2 . . PROPN flr-162 549 3 ross ross PROPN flr-162 549 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 549 5 j. j. PROPN flr-162 549 6 a. a. PROPN flr-162 549 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 549 8 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 549 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 549 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 550 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 550 2 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 550 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 550 4 the the DET flr-162 550 5 effect effect NOUN flr-162 550 6 of of ADP flr-162 550 7 coaching coach VERB flr-162 550 8 on on ADP flr-162 550 9 student student NOUN flr-162 550 10 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 550 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 551 1 canadian canadian ADJ flr-162 551 2 journal journal PROPN flr-162 551 3 of of ADP flr-162 551 4 education education NOUN flr-162 551 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 551 6 17 17 NUM flr-162 551 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 551 8 51 51 NUM flr-162 551 9 - - SYM flr-162 551 10 65 65 NUM flr-162 551 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 552 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1495395 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1495395 PROPN flr-162 552 2 ross ross PROPN flr-162 552 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 552 4 j. j. PROPN flr-162 552 5 a. a. PROPN flr-162 552 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 552 7 1998 1998 NUM flr-162 552 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 552 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 553 1 the the DET flr-162 553 2 antecedents antecedent NOUN flr-162 553 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 553 4 consequences consequence NOUN flr-162 553 5 of of ADP flr-162 553 6 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 553 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 553 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 554 1 in in ADP flr-162 554 2 j. j. PROPN flr-162 554 3 brophy brophy PROPN flr-162 554 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 554 5 ed ed NOUN flr-162 554 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 554 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 554 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 554 9 advances advance VERB flr-162 554 10 in in ADP flr-162 554 11 research research NOUN flr-162 554 12 on on ADP flr-162 554 13 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 554 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 554 15 vol vol NOUN flr-162 554 16 . . PROPN flr-162 554 17 7 7 NUM flr-162 554 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 554 19 pp pp ADJ flr-162 554 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 555 1 49 49 NUM flr-162 555 2 - - SYM flr-162 555 3 74 74 NUM flr-162 555 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 555 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 556 1 greenwich greenwich PROPN flr-162 556 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 556 3 ct ct PROPN flr-162 556 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 556 5 jai jai PROPN flr-162 556 6 press press PROPN flr-162 556 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 557 1 sammons sammon NOUN flr-162 557 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 557 3 p. p. PROPN flr-162 557 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 557 5 hillman hillman PROPN flr-162 557 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 557 7 j. j. PROPN flr-162 557 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 557 9 & & CCONJ flr-162 557 10 mortimore mortimore NOUN flr-162 557 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 557 12 p. p. NOUN flr-162 557 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 557 14 1995 1995 NUM flr-162 557 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 557 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 558 1 key key ADJ flr-162 558 2 characteristics characteristic NOUN flr-162 558 3 of of ADP flr-162 558 4 effective effective ADJ flr-162 558 5 schools school NOUN flr-162 558 6 : : PUNCT flr-162 558 7 a a DET flr-162 558 8 review review NOUN flr-162 558 9 of of ADP flr-162 558 10 school school NOUN flr-162 558 11 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 558 12 research research NOUN flr-162 558 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 559 1 london london PROPN flr-162 559 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 559 3 ofsted ofsted PROPN flr-162 559 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 560 1 scheerens scheerens PROPN flr-162 560 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 560 3 j. j. PROPN flr-162 560 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 560 5 1992 1992 NUM flr-162 560 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 560 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 561 1 effective effective ADJ flr-162 561 2 schooling schooling NOUN flr-162 561 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 561 4 research research NOUN flr-162 561 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 561 6 theory theory NOUN flr-162 561 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 561 8 practice practice NOUN flr-162 561 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 562 1 london london PROPN flr-162 562 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 562 3 cassell cassell PROPN flr-162 562 4 . . PUNCT flr-162 563 1 scheerens scheerens PROPN flr-162 563 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 563 3 j. j. PROPN flr-162 563 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 563 5 2004 2004 NUM flr-162 563 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 563 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 564 1 review review NOUN flr-162 564 2 of of ADP flr-162 564 3 school school NOUN flr-162 564 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 564 5 instructional instructional ADJ flr-162 564 6 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 564 7 research research NOUN flr-162 564 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 565 1 paper paper NOUN flr-162 565 2 commissioned commission VERB flr-162 565 3 for for ADP flr-162 565 4 the the DET flr-162 565 5 efa efa PROPN flr-162 565 6 global global PROPN flr-162 565 7 monitoring monitoring PROPN flr-162 565 8 report report NOUN flr-162 565 9 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 565 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 565 11 the the DET flr-162 565 12 quality quality NOUN flr-162 565 13 imperative imperative NOUN flr-162 565 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 566 1 unesco unesco PROPN flr-162 566 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 566 3 2005 2005 NUM flr-162 566 4 / / SYM flr-162 566 5 ed ed NOUN flr-162 566 6 / / SYM flr-162 566 7 efa efa PROPN flr-162 566 8 / / SYM flr-162 566 9 mrt mrt PROPN flr-162 566 10 / / SYM flr-162 566 11 pi/44 pi/44 PROPN flr-162 566 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 566 13 scheerens scheerens PROPN flr-162 566 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 566 15 j. j. PROPN flr-162 566 16 , , PUNCT flr-162 566 17 & & CCONJ flr-162 566 18 bosker bosker PROPN flr-162 566 19 , , PUNCT flr-162 566 20 r. r. PROPN flr-162 566 21 j. j. PROPN flr-162 566 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 566 23 1997 1997 NUM flr-162 566 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 566 25 . . PUNCT flr-162 567 1 the the DET flr-162 567 2 foundations foundation NOUN flr-162 567 3 of of ADP flr-162 567 4 educational educational ADJ flr-162 567 5 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 567 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 568 1 oxford oxford NOUN flr-162 568 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 568 3 elsevier elsevier PROPN flr-162 568 4 science science PROPN flr-162 568 5 ltd ltd PROPN flr-162 568 6 . . PROPN flr-162 568 7 seidel seidel PROPN flr-162 568 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 568 9 t. t. PROPN flr-162 568 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 568 11 & & CCONJ flr-162 568 12 shavelson shavelson PROPN flr-162 568 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 568 14 r. r. PROPN flr-162 568 15 j. j. PROPN flr-162 568 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 568 17 2007 2007 NUM flr-162 568 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 568 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 569 1 teaching teach VERB flr-162 569 2 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN flr-162 569 3 research research NOUN flr-162 569 4 in in ADP flr-162 569 5 the the DET flr-162 569 6 past past ADJ flr-162 569 7 decade decade NOUN flr-162 569 8 : : PUNCT flr-162 569 9 the the DET flr-162 569 10 role role NOUN flr-162 569 11 of of ADP flr-162 569 12 theory theory NOUN flr-162 569 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 569 14 research research NOUN flr-162 569 15 design design NOUN flr-162 569 16 in in ADP flr-162 569 17 disentangling disentangle VERB flr-162 569 18 meta meta ADJ flr-162 569 19 - - PUNCT flr-162 569 20 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 569 21 results result NOUN flr-162 569 22 . . PUNCT flr-162 570 1 review review NOUN flr-162 570 2 of of ADP flr-162 570 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 570 4 research research NOUN flr-162 570 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 570 6 77 77 NUM flr-162 570 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 570 8 454499 454499 NUM flr-162 570 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 571 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0034654307310317 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0034654307310317 PROPN flr-162 571 2 sheeran sheeran VERB flr-162 571 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 571 4 p. p. NOUN flr-162 571 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 571 6 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 571 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 571 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 572 1 intention intention NOUN flr-162 572 2 - - PUNCT flr-162 572 3 behavior behavior NOUN flr-162 572 4 relations relation NOUN flr-162 572 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 572 6 a a DET flr-162 572 7 conceptual conceptual ADJ flr-162 572 8 and and CCONJ flr-162 572 9 empirical empirical ADJ flr-162 572 10 review review NOUN flr-162 572 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 573 1 in in ADP flr-162 573 2 w. w. PROPN flr-162 573 3 strobe strobe PROPN flr-162 573 4 and and CCONJ flr-162 573 5 m. m. PROPN flr-162 573 6 hewstone hewstone PROPN flr-162 573 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 573 8 eds ed NOUN flr-162 573 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 573 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 574 1 european european ADJ flr-162 574 2 review review NOUN flr-162 574 3 of of ADP flr-162 574 4 social social ADJ flr-162 574 5 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 574 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 574 7 vol vol NOUN flr-162 574 8 . . PROPN flr-162 575 1 12 12 NUM flr-162 575 2 . . PUNCT flr-162 576 1 chichester chichester PROPN flr-162 576 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 576 3 wiley wiley PROPN flr-162 576 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 576 5 1 1 NUM flr-162 576 6 - - SYM flr-162 576 7 30 30 NUM flr-162 576 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 577 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14792772143000003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14792772143000003 NOUN flr-162 577 2     SPACE flr-162 577 3 fleckenstein fleckenstein VERB flr-162 577 4     SPACE flr-162 577 5 et et PROPN flr-162 577 6     SPACE flr-162 577 7 al al PROPN flr-162 577 8     SPACE flr-162 577 9 f f PROPN flr-162 577 10     SPACE flr-162 578 1 | | ADV flr-162 578 2 f f NOUN flr-162 578 3 l l NOUN flr-162 578 4 r r NOUN flr-162 578 5         SPACE flr-162 578 6 45 45 NUM flr-162 578 7     SPACE flr-162 578 8 shulman shulman PROPN flr-162 578 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 578 10 l. l. PROPN flr-162 578 11 s. s. PROPN flr-162 578 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 578 13 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 578 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 578 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 579 1 those those PRON flr-162 579 2 who who PRON flr-162 579 3 understand understand VERB flr-162 579 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 579 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 579 6 growth growth NOUN flr-162 579 7 in in ADP flr-162 579 8 teaching teach VERB flr-162 579 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 580 1 educational educational ADJ flr-162 580 2 researcher researcher NOUN flr-162 580 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 580 4 15 15 NUM flr-162 580 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 580 6 4 4 NUM flr-162 580 7 - - SYM flr-162 580 8 14 14 NUM flr-162 580 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 581 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x015002004 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x015002004 PROPN flr-162 581 2 shulman shulman PROPN flr-162 581 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 581 4 l. l. PROPN flr-162 581 5 s. s. PROPN flr-162 581 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 581 7 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 581 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 581 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 582 1 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 582 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 582 3 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 582 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 582 5 foundations foundation NOUN flr-162 582 6 of of ADP flr-162 582 7 the the DET flr-162 582 8 new new ADJ flr-162 582 9 reform reform NOUN flr-162 582 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 583 1 harvard harvard PROPN flr-162 583 2 educational educational PROPN flr-162 583 3 review review PROPN flr-162 583 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 583 5 57 57 NUM flr-162 583 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 583 7 1 1 NUM flr-162 583 8 - - SYM flr-162 583 9 22 22 NUM flr-162 583 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 584 1 silver silver NOUN flr-162 584 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 584 3 n. n. PROPN flr-162 584 4 c. c. PROPN flr-162 584 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 584 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 584 7 dunlap dunlap PROPN flr-162 584 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 584 9 w. w. PROPN flr-162 584 10 p. p. PROPN flr-162 584 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 584 12 1987 1987 NUM flr-162 584 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 584 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 585 1 averaging average VERB flr-162 585 2 correlation correlation NOUN flr-162 585 3 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-162 585 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 585 5 should should AUX flr-162 585 6 fisher fisher PROPN flr-162 585 7 ’s ’s PART flr-162 585 8 z z PROPN flr-162 585 9 transformation transformation NOUN flr-162 585 10 be be AUX flr-162 585 11 used use VERB flr-162 585 12 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 586 1 journal journal NOUN flr-162 586 2 of of ADP flr-162 586 3 applied apply VERB flr-162 586 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 586 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 586 6 72 72 NUM flr-162 586 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 586 8 146 146 NUM flr-162 586 9 - - SYM flr-162 586 10 148 148 NUM flr-162 586 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 587 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.72.1.146 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.72.1.146 PROPN flr-162 587 2 staub staub PROPN flr-162 587 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 587 4 f. f. PROPN flr-162 587 5 c. c. PROPN flr-162 587 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 587 7 & & CCONJ flr-162 587 8 stern stern PROPN flr-162 587 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 587 10 e. e. PROPN flr-162 587 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 587 12 2002 2002 NUM flr-162 587 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 587 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 588 1 the the DET flr-162 588 2 nature nature NOUN flr-162 588 3 of of ADP flr-162 588 4 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 588 5 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 588 6 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-162 588 7 content content NOUN flr-162 588 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 588 9 matters matter VERB flr-162 588 10 for for ADP flr-162 588 11 students student NOUN flr-162 588 12 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 588 13 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 588 14 gains gain NOUN flr-162 588 15 : : PUNCT flr-162 588 16 quasi quasi ADJ flr-162 588 17 - - ADJ flr-162 588 18 experimental experimental ADJ flr-162 588 19 evidence evidence NOUN flr-162 588 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 589 1 journal journal NOUN flr-162 589 2 of of ADP flr-162 589 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 589 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 589 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 589 6 94 94 NUM flr-162 589 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 589 8 344 344 NUM flr-162 589 9 - - SYM flr-162 589 10 355 355 NUM flr-162 589 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 590 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.344 PROPN flr-162 590 2 stuart stuart PROPN flr-162 590 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 590 4 c. c. PROPN flr-162 590 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 590 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 590 7 thurlow thurlow PROPN flr-162 590 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 590 9 d. d. PROPN flr-162 590 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 590 11 2000 2000 NUM flr-162 590 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 590 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 591 1 making make VERB flr-162 591 2 it it PRON flr-162 591 3 their their PRON flr-162 591 4 own own ADJ flr-162 591 5 : : PUNCT flr-162 591 6 pre pre ADJ flr-162 591 7 - - ADJ flr-162 591 8 service service ADJ flr-162 591 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 591 10 ’ ’ PART flr-162 591 11 experiences experience NOUN flr-162 591 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 591 13 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 591 14 , , PUNCT flr-162 591 15 and and CCONJ flr-162 591 16 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 591 17 practices practice NOUN flr-162 591 18 , , PUNCT flr-162 591 19 journal journal NOUN flr-162 591 20 of of ADP flr-162 591 21 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 591 22 education education NOUN flr-162 591 23 , , PUNCT flr-162 591 24 51(2 51(2 NUM flr-162 591 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 591 26 , , PUNCT flr-162 591 27 112 112 NUM flr-162 591 28 - - SYM flr-162 591 29 121 121 NUM flr-162 591 30 . . PUNCT flr-162 592 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002248710005100205 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002248710005100205 PROPN flr-162 592 2 tabachnik tabachnik PROPN flr-162 592 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 592 4 b. b. PROPN flr-162 592 5 r. r. PROPN flr-162 592 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 592 7 popkewitz popkewitz NOUN flr-162 592 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 592 9 t. t. PROPN flr-162 592 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 592 11 & & CCONJ flr-162 592 12 zeichner zeichner PROPN flr-162 592 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 592 14 k. k. PROPN flr-162 592 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 592 16 1979 1979 NUM flr-162 592 17 - - SYM flr-162 592 18 1980 1980 NUM flr-162 592 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 592 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 593 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 593 2 education education NOUN flr-162 593 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 593 4 the the DET flr-162 593 5 professional professional ADJ flr-162 593 6 perspectives perspective NOUN flr-162 593 7 of of ADP flr-162 593 8 student student NOUN flr-162 593 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 593 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 594 1 interchange interchange PROPN flr-162 594 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 594 3 80 80 NUM flr-162 594 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 594 5 12 12 NUM flr-162 594 6 - - SYM flr-162 594 7 29 29 NUM flr-162 594 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 595 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01810816 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01810816 PROPN flr-162 595 2 terhart terhart NOUN flr-162 595 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 595 4 e. e. PROPN flr-162 595 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 595 6 2011 2011 NUM flr-162 595 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 595 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 596 1 has have AUX flr-162 596 2 john john PROPN flr-162 596 3 hattie hattie PROPN flr-162 596 4 really really ADV flr-162 596 5 found find VERB flr-162 596 6 the the DET flr-162 596 7 holy holy ADJ flr-162 596 8 grail grail NOUN flr-162 596 9 of of ADP flr-162 596 10 research research NOUN flr-162 596 11 on on ADP flr-162 596 12 teaching teach VERB flr-162 596 13 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 597 1 an an DET flr-162 597 2 extended extended ADJ flr-162 597 3 review review NOUN flr-162 597 4 of of ADP flr-162 597 5 visible visible ADJ flr-162 597 6 learning learning NOUN flr-162 597 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 598 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 598 2 of of ADP flr-162 598 3 curriculum curriculum NOUN flr-162 598 4 studies study NOUN flr-162 598 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 598 6 43(3 43(3 NUM flr-162 598 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 598 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 598 9 425 425 NUM flr-162 598 10 - - SYM flr-162 598 11 438 438 NUM flr-162 598 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 599 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2011.576774 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2011.576774 NOUN flr-162 599 2 tschannen tschannen PROPN flr-162 599 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 599 4 moran moran PROPN flr-162 599 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 599 6 m. m. NOUN flr-162 599 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 599 8 & & CCONJ flr-162 599 9 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 599 10 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 599 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 599 12 a. a. NOUN flr-162 599 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 599 14 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 599 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 599 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 600 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 600 2 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 600 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 600 4 capturing capture VERB flr-162 600 5 an an DET flr-162 600 6 elusive elusive ADJ flr-162 600 7 concept concept NOUN flr-162 600 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 601 1 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 601 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 601 3 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 601 4 education education NOUN flr-162 601 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 601 6 17 17 NUM flr-162 601 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 601 8 783 783 NUM flr-162 601 9 - - SYM flr-162 601 10 805 805 NUM flr-162 601 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 602 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543068002202 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543068002202 PROPN flr-162 602 2 tschannen tschannen PROPN flr-162 602 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 602 4 moran moran PROPN flr-162 602 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 602 6 m. m. NOUN flr-162 602 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 602 8 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 602 9 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 602 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 602 11 a. a. PROPN flr-162 602 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 602 13 & & CCONJ flr-162 602 14 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 602 15 , , PUNCT flr-162 602 16 w. w. PROPN flr-162 602 17 k. k. PROPN flr-162 602 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 602 19 1998 1998 NUM flr-162 602 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 602 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 603 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 603 2 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 603 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 603 4 its its PRON flr-162 603 5 meaning meaning NOUN flr-162 603 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 603 7 measure measure NOUN flr-162 603 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 604 1 review review NOUN flr-162 604 2 of of ADP flr-162 604 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 604 4 research research NOUN flr-162 604 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 604 6 68 68 NUM flr-162 604 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 604 8 202 202 NUM flr-162 604 9 - - SYM flr-162 604 10 248 248 NUM flr-162 604 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 605 1 verloop verloop NOUN flr-162 605 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 605 3 n. n. NOUN flr-162 605 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 605 5 van van PROPN flr-162 605 6 driel driel PROPN flr-162 605 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 605 8 j. j. PROPN flr-162 605 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 605 10 & & CCONJ flr-162 605 11 meijer meijer PROPN flr-162 605 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 605 13 p. p. NOUN flr-162 605 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 605 15 2001 2001 NUM flr-162 605 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 605 17 . . PUNCT flr-162 606 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 606 2 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 606 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 606 4 the the DET flr-162 606 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 606 6 base base NOUN flr-162 606 7 of of ADP flr-162 606 8 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 606 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 607 1 international international ADJ flr-162 607 2 journal journal PROPN flr-162 607 3 of of ADP flr-162 607 4 education education PROPN flr-162 607 5 research research NOUN flr-162 607 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 607 7 35 35 NUM flr-162 607 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 607 9 441 441 NUM flr-162 607 10 - - SYM flr-162 607 11 461 461 NUM flr-162 607 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 608 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s08830355(02)00003-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s08830355(02)00003-4 PROPN flr-162 608 2 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 608 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 608 4 h. h. PROPN flr-162 608 5 j. j. PROPN flr-162 608 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 608 7 1986 1986 NUM flr-162 608 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 608 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 609 1 synthesis synthesis NOUN flr-162 609 2 of of ADP flr-162 609 3 research research NOUN flr-162 609 4 on on ADP flr-162 609 5 teaching teach VERB flr-162 609 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 610 1 in in ADP flr-162 610 2 m. m. PROPN flr-162 610 3 c. c. PROPN flr-162 610 4 wittrock wittrock PROPN flr-162 610 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 610 6 ed ed NOUN flr-162 610 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 610 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 610 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 610 10 handbook handbook NOUN flr-162 610 11 of of ADP flr-162 610 12 research research NOUN flr-162 610 13 on on ADP flr-162 610 14 teaching teach VERB flr-162 610 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 611 1 new new PROPN flr-162 611 2 york york PROPN flr-162 611 3 : : PUNCT flr-162 612 1 macmillan macmillan PROPN flr-162 612 2 . . PROPN flr-162 613 1 wang wang PROPN flr-162 613 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 613 3 m. m. PROPN flr-162 613 4 c. c. PROPN flr-162 613 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 613 6 haertel haertel PROPN flr-162 613 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 613 8 g. g. PROPN flr-162 613 9 d. d. PROPN flr-162 613 10 & & CCONJ flr-162 613 11 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 613 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 613 13 h. h. PROPN flr-162 613 14 j. j. PROPN flr-162 613 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 613 16 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 613 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 613 18 . . PUNCT flr-162 614 1 what what PRON flr-162 614 2 influences influence VERB flr-162 614 3 learning learn VERB flr-162 614 4 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 615 1 a a DET flr-162 615 2 content content NOUN flr-162 615 3 analysis analysis NOUN flr-162 615 4 of of ADP flr-162 615 5 review review NOUN flr-162 615 6 literature literature NOUN flr-162 615 7 . . PUNCT flr-162 616 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 616 2 of of ADP flr-162 616 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 616 4 research research NOUN flr-162 616 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 616 6 84 84 NUM flr-162 616 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 616 8 30 30 NUM flr-162 616 9 - - SYM flr-162 616 10 43 43 NUM flr-162 616 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 617 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220671.1990.10885988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220671.1990.10885988 PROPN flr-162 617 2 wang wang PROPN flr-162 617 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 617 4 m. m. PROPN flr-162 617 5 c. c. PROPN flr-162 617 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 617 7 haertel haertel PROPN flr-162 617 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 617 9 g. g. PROPN flr-162 617 10 d. d. PROPN flr-162 617 11 & & CCONJ flr-162 617 12 walberg walberg PROPN flr-162 617 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 617 14 h. h. PROPN flr-162 617 15 j. j. PROPN flr-162 617 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 617 17 1993 1993 NUM flr-162 617 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 617 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 618 1 toward toward ADP flr-162 618 2 a a DET flr-162 618 3 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 618 4 base base NOUN flr-162 618 5 for for ADP flr-162 618 6 school school NOUN flr-162 618 7 learning learning NOUN flr-162 618 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 619 1 review review NOUN flr-162 619 2 of of ADP flr-162 619 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 619 4 research research NOUN flr-162 619 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 619 6 63 63 NUM flr-162 619 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 619 8 249 249 NUM flr-162 619 9 - - SYM flr-162 619 10 294 294 NUM flr-162 619 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 620 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543063003249 http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543063003249 PROPN flr-162 620 2 weinstein weinstein PROPN flr-162 620 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 620 4 c. c. PROPN flr-162 620 5 s. s. PROPN flr-162 620 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 620 7 1989 1989 NUM flr-162 620 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 620 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 621 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 621 2 education education PROPN flr-162 621 3 students student NOUN flr-162 621 4 ' ' PART flr-162 621 5 preconceptions preconception NOUN flr-162 621 6 of of ADP flr-162 621 7 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 621 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 622 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 622 2 of of ADP flr-162 622 3 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 622 4 education education NOUN flr-162 622 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 622 6 40 40 NUM flr-162 622 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 622 8 53 53 NUM flr-162 622 9 - - SYM flr-162 622 10 60 60 NUM flr-162 622 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 623 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002248718904000210 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002248718904000210 PROPN flr-162 623 2 wenden wenden PROPN flr-162 623 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 623 4 a. a. PROPN flr-162 623 5 l. l. PROPN flr-162 623 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 623 7 1999 1999 NUM flr-162 623 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 623 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 624 1 an an DET flr-162 624 2 introduction introduction NOUN flr-162 624 3 to to PART flr-162 624 4 metacognitive metacognitive ADJ flr-162 624 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 624 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 624 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 624 8 in in ADP flr-162 624 9 language language NOUN flr-162 624 10 learning learning NOUN flr-162 624 11 : : PUNCT flr-162 624 12 beyond beyond ADP flr-162 624 13 the the DET flr-162 624 14 basics basic NOUN flr-162 624 15 . . PUNCT flr-162 625 1 system system NOUN flr-162 625 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 625 3 27 27 NUM flr-162 625 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 625 5 435 435 NUM flr-162 625 6 - - SYM flr-162 625 7 441 441 NUM flr-162 625 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 626 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0346-251x(99)00043-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0346-251x(99)00043-3 NOUN flr-162 626 2 woods wood NOUN flr-162 626 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 626 4 d. d. PROPN flr-162 626 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 626 6 1996 1996 NUM flr-162 626 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 626 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 627 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 627 2 cognition cognition NOUN flr-162 627 3 in in ADP flr-162 627 4 language language NOUN flr-162 627 5 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 627 6 : : PUNCT flr-162 627 7 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 627 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 627 9 decision decision NOUN flr-162 627 10 - - PUNCT flr-162 627 11 making making NOUN flr-162 627 12 , , PUNCT flr-162 627 13 and and CCONJ flr-162 627 14 classroom classroom NOUN flr-162 627 15 practice practice NOUN flr-162 627 16 . . PUNCT flr-162 628 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 628 2 : : PUNCT flr-162 628 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 628 4 university university PROPN flr-162 628 5 press press NOUN flr-162 628 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 629 1 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 629 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 629 3 a. a. PROPN flr-162 629 4 e. e. PROPN flr-162 629 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 629 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 629 7 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 629 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 629 9 w. w. PROPN flr-162 629 10 k. k. PROPN flr-162 629 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 629 12 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 629 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 629 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 630 1 prospective prospective ADJ flr-162 630 2 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 630 3 ' ' PART flr-162 630 4 sense sense NOUN flr-162 630 5 of of ADP flr-162 630 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 630 7 and and CCONJ flr-162 630 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 630 9 about about ADP flr-162 630 10 control control PROPN flr-162 630 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 631 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 631 2 of of ADP flr-162 631 3 educational educational ADJ flr-162 631 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 631 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 631 6 82 82 NUM flr-162 631 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 631 8 81 81 NUM flr-162 631 9 - - SYM flr-162 631 10 91 91 NUM flr-162 631 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 632 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.81 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.81 PROPN flr-162 632 2 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 632 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 632 4 a. a. PROPN flr-162 632 5 e. e. PROPN flr-162 632 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 632 7 rosoff rosoff PROPN flr-162 632 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 632 9 b. b. PROPN flr-162 632 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 632 11 & & CCONJ flr-162 632 12 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 632 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 632 14 w. w. PROPN flr-162 632 15 k. k. PROPN flr-162 632 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 632 17 1990 1990 NUM flr-162 632 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 632 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 633 1 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 633 2 ' ' PART flr-162 633 3 sense sense NOUN flr-162 633 4 of of ADP flr-162 633 5 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 633 6 and and CCONJ flr-162 633 7 their their PRON flr-162 633 8 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 633 9 about about ADP flr-162 633 10 managing manage VERB flr-162 633 11 students student NOUN flr-162 633 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 634 1 teaching teaching NOUN flr-162 634 2 and and CCONJ flr-162 634 3 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 634 4 education education NOUN flr-162 634 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 634 6 6 6 NUM flr-162 634 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 634 8 137 137 NUM flr-162 634 9 - - SYM flr-162 634 10 148 148 NUM flr-162 634 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 635 1 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 635 2 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 635 3 , , PUNCT flr-162 635 4 a. a. PROPN flr-162 635 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 635 6 & & CCONJ flr-162 635 7 davis davis PROPN flr-162 635 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 635 9 h. h. PROPN flr-162 635 10 a. a. PROPN flr-162 635 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 635 12 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 635 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 635 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 636 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 636 2 self self NOUN flr-162 636 3 - - PUNCT flr-162 636 4 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 636 5 and and CCONJ flr-162 636 6 its its PRON flr-162 636 7 influence influence NOUN flr-162 636 8 on on ADP flr-162 636 9 the the DET flr-162 636 10 achievement achievement NOUN flr-162 636 11 of of ADP flr-162 636 12 adolescents adolescent NOUN flr-162 636 13 . . PUNCT flr-162 637 1 in in ADP flr-162 637 2 f. f. PROPN flr-162 637 3 pajares pajares PROPN flr-162 637 4 & & CCONJ flr-162 637 5 t. t. PROPN flr-162 637 6 urdan urdan PROPN flr-162 637 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 637 8 eds ed NOUN flr-162 637 9 . . PUNCT flr-162 637 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 637 11 , , PUNCT flr-162 637 12 self self NOUN flr-162 637 13 - - PUNCT flr-162 637 14 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-162 637 15 of of ADP flr-162 637 16 adolescents adolescent NOUN flr-162 637 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 637 18 pp pp ADJ flr-162 637 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 638 1 117 117 NUM flr-162 638 2 - - SYM flr-162 638 3 137 137 NUM flr-162 638 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 638 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 639 1 greenwich greenwich PROPN flr-162 639 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 639 3 connecticut connecticut PROPN flr-162 639 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 639 5 information information NOUN flr-162 639 6 age age NOUN flr-162 639 7 publishing publishing NOUN flr-162 639 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 640 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-051x(90)90031-y http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-051x(90)90031-y PROPN flr-162 640 2 woolfolk woolfolk PROPN flr-162 640 3 hoy hoy PROPN flr-162 640 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 640 5 a. a. PROPN flr-162 640 6 , , PUNCT flr-162 640 7 davis davis PROPN flr-162 640 8 , , PUNCT flr-162 640 9 h. h. PROPN flr-162 640 10 , , PUNCT flr-162 640 11 & & CCONJ flr-162 640 12 pape pape NOUN flr-162 640 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 640 14 s. s. PROPN flr-162 640 15 j. j. PROPN flr-162 640 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 640 17 2006 2006 NUM flr-162 640 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 640 19 . . PUNCT flr-162 641 1 teacher teacher NOUN flr-162 641 2 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-162 641 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 641 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 641 5 . . PUNCT flr-162 642 1 in in ADP flr-162 642 2 p. p. PROPN flr-162 642 3 a. a. PROPN flr-162 642 4 alexander alexander PROPN flr-162 642 5 & & CCONJ flr-162 642 6 p. p. PROPN flr-162 642 7 h. h. PROPN flr-162 642 8 winne winne PROPN flr-162 642 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 642 10 eds eds PROPN flr-162 642 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 642 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 642 13 , , PUNCT flr-162 642 14 handbook handbook NOUN flr-162 642 15 of of ADP flr-162 642 16 educational educational ADJ flr-162 642 17 psychology psychology NOUN flr-162 642 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 642 19 2 2 NUM flr-162 642 20 ed ed NOUN flr-162 642 21 . . PUNCT flr-162 642 22 , , PUNCT flr-162 642 23 pp pp ADJ flr-162 642 24 . . PUNCT flr-162 642 25 715 715 NUM flr-162 642 26 - - SYM flr-162 642 27 737 737 NUM flr-162 642 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 642 29 . . PUNCT flr-162 643 1 mahwah mahwah PROPN flr-162 643 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 643 3 nj nj PROPN flr-162 643 4 : : PUNCT flr-162 643 5 erlbaum erlbaum PROPN flr-162 643 6 . . PUNCT flr-162 644 1 yook yook PROPN flr-162 644 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 644 3 c. c. PROPN flr-162 644 4 m. m. NOUN flr-162 644 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 644 6 2010 2010 NUM flr-162 644 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 644 8 . . PUNCT flr-162 645 1 korean korean PROPN flr-162 645 2 teachers teachers PROPN flr-162 645 3 ' ' PART flr-162 645 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 645 5 about about ADP flr-162 645 6 english english ADJ flr-162 645 7 language language NOUN flr-162 645 8 education education NOUN flr-162 645 9 and and CCONJ flr-162 645 10 their their PRON flr-162 645 11 impacts impact NOUN flr-162 645 12 upon upon SCONJ flr-162 645 13 the the DET flr-162 645 14 ministry ministry PROPN flr-162 645 15 of of ADP flr-162 645 16 education education NOUN flr-162 645 17 - - PUNCT flr-162 645 18 initiated initiate VERB flr-162 645 19 reforms reform NOUN flr-162 645 20 . . PUNCT flr-162 646 1 applied apply VERB flr-162 646 2 linguistics linguistic NOUN flr-162 646 3 and and CCONJ flr-162 646 4 english english PROPN flr-162 646 5 as as ADP flr-162 646 6 a a DET flr-162 646 7 second second ADJ flr-162 646 8 language language NOUN flr-162 646 9 dissertations dissertation NOUN flr-162 646 10 . . PUNCT flr-162 647 1 paper paper NOUN flr-162 647 2 14 14 NUM flr-162 647 3 . . PUNCT flr-162 648 1 zell zell PROPN flr-162 648 2 , , PUNCT flr-162 648 3 e. e. PROPN flr-162 648 4 , , PUNCT flr-162 648 5 & & CCONJ flr-162 648 6 krizan krizan PROPN flr-162 648 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 648 8 z. z. PROPN flr-162 648 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 648 10 2014 2014 NUM flr-162 648 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 648 12 . . PUNCT flr-162 649 1 do do AUX flr-162 649 2 people people NOUN flr-162 649 3 have have AUX flr-162 649 4 insight insight VERB flr-162 649 5 into into ADP flr-162 649 6 their their PRON flr-162 649 7 abilities ability NOUN flr-162 649 8 ? ? PUNCT flr-162 650 1 a a DET flr-162 650 2 metasynthesis metasynthesis NOUN flr-162 650 3 . . PUNCT flr-162 651 1 perspectives perspective NOUN flr-162 651 2 on on ADP flr-162 651 3 psychological psychological ADJ flr-162 651 4 science science NOUN flr-162 651 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 651 6 9 9 NUM flr-162 651 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 651 8 111 111 NUM flr-162 651 9 - - SYM flr-162 651 10 125 125 NUM flr-162 651 11 . . PUNCT flr-162 652 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691613518075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691613518075 PROPN flr-162 652 2     SPACE flr-162 652 3 fleckenstein fleckenstein ADJ flr-162 652 4     SPACE flr-162 652 5 et et PROPN flr-162 652 6     SPACE flr-162 652 7 al al PROPN flr-162 652 8     SPACE flr-162 652 9 f f PROPN flr-162 652 10     SPACE flr-162 653 1 | | ADV flr-162 653 2 f f NOUN flr-162 653 3 l l NOUN flr-162 653 4 r r NOUN flr-162 653 5         SPACE flr-162 653 6 46 46 NUM flr-162 653 7     SPACE flr-162 653 8 zheng zheng PROPN flr-162 653 9 , , PUNCT flr-162 653 10 h. h. PROPN flr-162 653 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-162 653 12 2009 2009 NUM flr-162 653 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-162 653 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 654 1 a a DET flr-162 654 2 review review NOUN flr-162 654 3 of of ADP flr-162 654 4 research research NOUN flr-162 654 5 on on ADP flr-162 654 6 pre pre ADJ flr-162 654 7 - - ADJ flr-162 654 8 service service ADJ flr-162 654 9 teachers teacher NOUN flr-162 654 10 ’ ' PUNCT flr-162 654 11 beliefs belief NOUN flr-162 654 12 and and CCONJ flr-162 654 13 practices practice NOUN flr-162 654 14 . . PUNCT flr-162 655 1 journal journal PROPN flr-162 655 2 of of ADP flr-162 655 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN flr-162 655 4 studies study NOUN flr-162 655 5 , , PUNCT flr-162 655 6 4 4 NUM flr-162 655 7 , , PUNCT flr-162 655 8 73 73 NUM flr-162 655 9 - - SYM flr-162 655 10 81 81 NUM flr-162 655 11 . . PUNCT