id sid tid token lemma pos flr-503 1 1 frontline frontline NOUN flr-503 1 2 learning learn VERB flr-503 1 3 research research NOUN flr-503 1 4 vol.7 vol.7 PROPN flr-503 1 5 no no NOUN flr-503 1 6 . . NOUN flr-503 1 7 3 3 NUM flr-503 1 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 1 9 2019 2019 NUM flr-503 1 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 1 11 91 91 NUM flr-503 1 12 118 118 NUM flr-503 1 13 issn issn PROPN flr-503 1 14 2295 2295 NUM flr-503 1 15 - - SYM flr-503 1 16 3159 3159 NUM flr-503 1 17 measuring measure VERB flr-503 1 18 academic academic ADJ flr-503 1 19 learning learning NOUN flr-503 1 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 1 21 exam exam NOUN flr-503 1 22 self self NOUN flr-503 1 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 1 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 1 25 at at ADP flr-503 1 26 admission admission NOUN flr-503 1 27 to to ADP flr-503 1 28 university university NOUN flr-503 1 29 and and CCONJ flr-503 1 30 its its PRON flr-503 1 31 relation relation NOUN flr-503 1 32 to to ADP flr-503 1 33 first first ADJ flr-503 1 34 - - PUNCT flr-503 1 35 year year NOUN flr-503 1 36 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 1 37 : : PUNCT flr-503 1 38 an an DET flr-503 1 39 irt irt ADV flr-503 1 40 - - PUNCT flr-503 1 41 based base VERB flr-503 1 42 multi multi ADJ flr-503 1 43 - - ADJ flr-503 1 44 program program ADJ flr-503 1 45 validity validity NOUN flr-503 1 46 study study NOUN flr-503 1 47 tine tine PROPN flr-503 1 48 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 1 49 a a PROPN flr-503 1 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 1 51 ida ida PROPN flr-503 1 52 sophie sophie PROPN flr-503 1 53 friderichsen friderichsen PROPN flr-503 1 54 a a DET flr-503 1 55 bjarke bjarke NOUN flr-503 1 56 tarpgaard tarpgaard NOUN flr-503 1 57 hartkopf hartkopf PROPN flr-503 1 58 b b PROPN flr-503 1 59 a a DET flr-503 1 60 university university NOUN flr-503 1 61 of of ADP flr-503 1 62 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 1 63 , , PUNCT flr-503 1 64 denmark denmark PROPN flr-503 1 65 b b PROPN flr-503 1 66 the the DET flr-503 1 67 danish danish PROPN flr-503 1 68 evaluation evaluation PROPN flr-503 1 69 institute institute PROPN flr-503 1 70 , , PUNCT flr-503 1 71 denmark denmark NOUN flr-503 1 72 article article NOUN flr-503 1 73 received receive VERB flr-503 1 74 4 4 NUM flr-503 1 75 june june PROPN flr-503 1 76 / / PUNCT flr-503 1 77 revised revise VERB flr-503 1 78 13 13 NUM flr-503 1 79 august august PROPN flr-503 1 80 / / PUNCT flr-503 1 81 accepted accept VERB flr-503 1 82 30 30 NUM flr-503 1 83 august august NOUN flr-503 1 84 / / SYM flr-503 1 85 available available ADJ flr-503 1 86 online online ADJ flr-503 1 87 2 2 NUM flr-503 1 88 october october NOUN flr-503 1 89 abstract abstract ADJ flr-503 1 90 self self NOUN flr-503 1 91 - - PUNCT flr-503 1 92 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 1 93 is be AUX flr-503 1 94 associated associate VERB flr-503 1 95 with with ADP flr-503 1 96 both both CCONJ flr-503 1 97 academic academic ADJ flr-503 1 98 performance performance NOUN flr-503 1 99 and and CCONJ flr-503 1 100 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 1 101 in in ADP flr-503 1 102 higher high ADJ flr-503 1 103 education education NOUN flr-503 1 104 . . PUNCT flr-503 2 1 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 2 2 it it PRON flr-503 2 3 is be AUX flr-503 2 4 possible possible ADJ flr-503 2 5 to to PART flr-503 2 6 measure measure VERB flr-503 2 7 students†students†ADP flr-503 2 8 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 2 9 academic academic ADJ flr-503 2 10 self self NOUN flr-503 2 11 - - PUNCT flr-503 2 12 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 2 13 after after ADP flr-503 2 14 admission admission NOUN flr-503 2 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 2 16 prior prior ADV flr-503 2 17 to to ADP flr-503 2 18 commencing commence VERB flr-503 2 19 higher high ADJ flr-503 2 20 education education NOUN flr-503 2 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 2 22 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 2 23 pre pre ADJ flr-503 2 24 - - ADJ flr-503 2 25 academic academic ADJ flr-503 2 26 self self NOUN flr-503 2 27 - - PUNCT flr-503 2 28 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 2 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 2 30 in in ADP flr-503 2 31 a a DET flr-503 2 32 valid valid ADJ flr-503 2 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 2 34 reliable reliable ADJ flr-503 2 35 way way NOUN flr-503 2 36 has have AUX flr-503 2 37 hardly hardly ADV flr-503 2 38 been be AUX flr-503 2 39 studied study VERB flr-503 2 40 . . PUNCT flr-503 3 1 aims aim NOUN flr-503 3 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 3 3 1 1 NUM flr-503 3 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 3 5 to to PART flr-503 3 6 evaluate evaluate VERB flr-503 3 7 the the DET flr-503 3 8 construct construct NOUN flr-503 3 9 validity validity NOUN flr-503 3 10 and and CCONJ flr-503 3 11 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 3 12 properties property NOUN flr-503 3 13 of of ADP flr-503 3 14 two two NUM flr-503 3 15 short short ADJ flr-503 3 16 scales scale NOUN flr-503 3 17 to to PART flr-503 3 18 measure measure VERB flr-503 3 19 pre pre ADJ flr-503 3 20 - - ADJ flr-503 3 21 academic academic ADJ flr-503 3 22 learning learning NOUN flr-503 3 23 self self NOUN flr-503 3 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 3 25 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 3 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 3 27 pal pal NOUN flr-503 3 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 3 29 se se NOUN flr-503 3 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 3 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 3 32 pre pre ADJ flr-503 3 33 - - ADJ flr-503 3 34 academic academic ADJ flr-503 3 35 exam exam NOUN flr-503 3 36 self self NOUN flr-503 3 37 - - PUNCT flr-503 3 38 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 3 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 3 40 pae pae NOUN flr-503 3 41 - - PUNCT flr-503 3 42 se se X flr-503 3 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 3 44 using use VERB flr-503 3 45 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 3 46 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 3 47 models model NOUN flr-503 3 48 , , PUNCT flr-503 3 49 2 2 NUM flr-503 3 50 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 3 51 to to PART flr-503 3 52 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 3 53 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 3 54 pre pre ADJ flr-503 3 55 - - ADJ flr-503 3 56 academic academic ADJ flr-503 3 57 self self NOUN flr-503 3 58 - - PUNCT flr-503 3 59 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 3 60 was be AUX flr-503 3 61 associated associate VERB flr-503 3 62 with with ADP flr-503 3 63 half half ADJ flr-503 3 64 - - PUNCT flr-503 3 65 year year NOUN flr-503 3 66 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 3 67 across across ADP flr-503 3 68 degree degree NOUN flr-503 3 69 programs program NOUN flr-503 3 70 and and CCONJ flr-503 3 71 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 3 72 . . PUNCT flr-503 4 1 data datum NOUN flr-503 4 2 consisted consist VERB flr-503 4 3 of of ADP flr-503 4 4 2686 2686 NUM flr-503 4 5 danish danish ADJ flr-503 4 6 students student NOUN flr-503 4 7 admitted admit VERB flr-503 4 8 to to ADP flr-503 4 9 nine nine NUM flr-503 4 10 different different ADJ flr-503 4 11 university university NOUN flr-503 4 12 degree degree NOUN flr-503 4 13 programs program NOUN flr-503 4 14 across across ADP flr-503 4 15 two two NUM flr-503 4 16 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 4 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 5 1 item item NOUN flr-503 5 2 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 5 3 showed show VERB flr-503 5 4 both both DET flr-503 5 5 scales scale NOUN flr-503 5 6 to to PART flr-503 5 7 be be AUX flr-503 5 8 essentially essentially ADV flr-503 5 9 objective objective ADJ flr-503 5 10 and and CCONJ flr-503 5 11 construct construct VERB flr-503 5 12 valid valid ADJ flr-503 5 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 5 14 however however ADV flr-503 5 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 5 16 all all DET flr-503 5 17 items item NOUN flr-503 5 18 from from ADP flr-503 5 19 the the DET flr-503 5 20 pae pae NOUN flr-503 5 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 5 22 se se PROPN flr-503 5 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 5 24 two two NUM flr-503 5 25 from from ADP flr-503 5 26 the the DET flr-503 5 27 pal pal NOUN flr-503 5 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 5 29 se se PROPN flr-503 5 30 were be AUX flr-503 5 31 locally locally ADV flr-503 5 32 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 5 33 . . PUNCT flr-503 6 1 differential differential ADJ flr-503 6 2 item item NOUN flr-503 6 3 functioning function VERB flr-503 6 4 was be AUX flr-503 6 5 found find VERB flr-503 6 6 for for ADP flr-503 6 7 the the DET flr-503 6 8 pal pal NOUN flr-503 6 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 6 10 se se NOUN flr-503 6 11 relative relative ADJ flr-503 6 12 to to ADP flr-503 6 13 degree degree NOUN flr-503 6 14 programs program NOUN flr-503 6 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 7 1 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 7 2 of of ADP flr-503 7 3 the the DET flr-503 7 4 pae pae NOUN flr-503 7 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 7 6 se se PROPN flr-503 7 7 was be AUX flr-503 7 8 .77 .77 NUM flr-503 7 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 7 10 and and CCONJ flr-503 7 11 varied varied ADJ flr-503 7 12 for for ADP flr-503 7 13 the the DET flr-503 7 14 pal pal NOUN flr-503 7 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 7 16 se se PROPN flr-503 7 17 from from ADP flr-503 7 18 .79 .79 NUM flr-503 7 19 to to PART flr-503 7 20 .86 .86 NUM flr-503 7 21 across across ADP flr-503 7 22 degree degree NOUN flr-503 7 23 programs program NOUN flr-503 7 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 8 1 targeting target VERB flr-503 8 2 was be AUX flr-503 8 3 good good ADJ flr-503 8 4 only only ADV flr-503 8 5 for for ADP flr-503 8 6 the the DET flr-503 8 7 pal pal NOUN flr-503 8 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 8 9 se se X flr-503 8 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 8 11 thus thus ADV flr-503 8 12 we we PRON flr-503 8 13 proceeded proceed VERB flr-503 8 14 with with ADP flr-503 8 15 the the DET flr-503 8 16 pal pal NOUN flr-503 8 17 - - PUNCT flr-503 8 18 se se NOUN flr-503 8 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 9 1 pal pal NOUN flr-503 9 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 9 3 se se PROPN flr-503 9 4 was be AUX flr-503 9 5 found find VERB flr-503 9 6 to to PART flr-503 9 7 be be AUX flr-503 9 8 associated associate VERB flr-503 9 9 with with ADP flr-503 9 10 half half ADJ flr-503 9 11 - - PUNCT flr-503 9 12 year year NOUN flr-503 9 13 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 9 14 : : PUNCT flr-503 9 15 a a DET flr-503 9 16 difference difference NOUN flr-503 9 17 in in ADP flr-503 9 18 pal pal NOUN flr-503 9 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 9 20 se se NOUN flr-503 9 21 from from ADP flr-503 9 22 minimum minimum NOUN flr-503 9 23 to to ADP flr-503 9 24 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 9 25 was be AUX flr-503 9 26 associated associate VERB flr-503 9 27 with with ADP flr-503 9 28 a a DET flr-503 9 29 difference difference NOUN flr-503 9 30 in in ADP flr-503 9 31 half half ADJ flr-503 9 32 - - PUNCT flr-503 9 33 year year NOUN flr-503 9 34 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 9 35 of of ADP flr-503 9 36 approximately approximately ADV flr-503 9 37 7 7 NUM flr-503 9 38 % % NOUN flr-503 9 39 . . PUNCT flr-503 10 1 this this DET flr-503 10 2 association association NOUN flr-503 10 3 was be AUX flr-503 10 4 found find VERB flr-503 10 5 both both PRON flr-503 10 6 in in ADP flr-503 10 7 the the DET flr-503 10 8 bivariate bivariate ADJ flr-503 10 9 model model NOUN flr-503 10 10 and and CCONJ flr-503 10 11 in in ADP flr-503 10 12 the the DET flr-503 10 13 multivariate multivariate NOUN flr-503 10 14 models model NOUN flr-503 10 15 with with ADP flr-503 10 16 control control NOUN flr-503 10 17 of of ADP flr-503 10 18 degree degree NOUN flr-503 10 19 program program NOUN flr-503 10 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 10 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 10 22 with with ADP flr-503 10 23 control control NOUN flr-503 10 24 of of ADP flr-503 10 25 degree degree NOUN flr-503 10 26 program program NOUN flr-503 10 27 and and CCONJ flr-503 10 28 individual individual ADJ flr-503 10 29 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 10 30 such such ADJ flr-503 10 31 as as ADP flr-503 10 32 earlier early ADJ flr-503 10 33 educational educational ADJ flr-503 10 34 achievement achievement NOUN flr-503 10 35 and and CCONJ flr-503 10 36 social social ADJ flr-503 10 37 background background NOUN flr-503 10 38 variables variable NOUN flr-503 10 39 . . PUNCT flr-503 11 1 results result NOUN flr-503 11 2 thus thus ADV flr-503 11 3 also also ADV flr-503 11 4 indicate indicate VERB flr-503 11 5 that that SCONJ flr-503 11 6 pal pal NOUN flr-503 11 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 11 8 se se PROPN flr-503 11 9 has have VERB flr-503 11 10 a a DET flr-503 11 11 causal causal ADJ flr-503 11 12 effect effect NOUN flr-503 11 13 on on ADP flr-503 11 14 half half ADJ flr-503 11 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 11 16 year year NOUN flr-503 11 17 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 11 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 12 1 keywords keyword NOUN flr-503 12 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 12 3 pre pre ADJ flr-503 12 4 - - ADJ flr-503 12 5 academic academic ADJ flr-503 12 6 self self NOUN flr-503 12 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 12 8 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 12 9 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 12 10 construct construct VERB flr-503 12 11 validity validity NOUN flr-503 12 12 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 12 13 differential differential ADJ flr-503 12 14 item item NOUN flr-503 12 15 functioning functioning NOUN flr-503 12 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 12 17 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 12 18 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 12 19 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 12 20 model model PROPN flr-503 12 21 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 12 22 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 12 23 corresponding correspond VERB flr-503 12 24 author author NOUN flr-503 12 25 : : PUNCT flr-503 12 26 tine.nielsen@psy.ku.dk tine.nielsen@psy.ku.dk PROPN flr-503 12 27 doi doi NOUN flr-503 12 28 : : PUNCT flr-503 12 29 10.14786 10.14786 NUM flr-503 12 30 / / SYM flr-503 12 31 flr.v7i3.503 flr.v7i3.503 ADJ flr-503 12 32 1 1 NUM flr-503 12 33 . . PUNCT flr-503 13 1 introduction introduction NOUN flr-503 13 2 self self NOUN flr-503 13 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 13 4 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 13 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 13 6 at at ADP flr-503 13 7 the the DET flr-503 13 8 general general ADJ flr-503 13 9 level level NOUN flr-503 13 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 13 11 refers refer VERB flr-503 13 12 to to ADP flr-503 13 13 the the DET flr-503 13 14 belief belief NOUN flr-503 13 15 in in ADP flr-503 13 16 one†one†PROPN flr-503 13 17 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 13 18 s s PART flr-503 13 19 own own ADJ flr-503 13 20 capability capability NOUN flr-503 13 21 to to PART flr-503 13 22 plan plan VERB flr-503 13 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 13 24 perform perform VERB flr-503 13 25 necessary necessary ADJ flr-503 13 26 actions action NOUN flr-503 13 27 to to PART flr-503 13 28 attain attain VERB flr-503 13 29 a a DET flr-503 13 30 certain certain ADJ flr-503 13 31 outcome outcome NOUN flr-503 13 32 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 13 33 bandura bandura NOUN flr-503 13 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 13 35 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 13 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 13 37 . . PUNCT flr-503 14 1 students student NOUN flr-503 14 2 who who PRON flr-503 14 3 feel feel VERB flr-503 14 4 efficacious efficacious ADJ flr-503 14 5 when when SCONJ flr-503 14 6 learning learn VERB flr-503 14 7 or or CCONJ flr-503 14 8 performing perform VERB flr-503 14 9 a a DET flr-503 14 10 task task NOUN flr-503 14 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 14 12 participate participate VERB flr-503 14 13 more more ADV flr-503 14 14 readily readily ADV flr-503 14 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 14 16 work work NOUN flr-503 14 17 harder hard ADV flr-503 14 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 14 19 persist persist VERB flr-503 14 20 longer long ADV flr-503 14 21 when when SCONJ flr-503 14 22 they they PRON flr-503 14 23 encounter encounter VERB flr-503 14 24 difficulties difficulty NOUN flr-503 14 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 14 26 and and CCONJ flr-503 14 27 achieve achieve VERB flr-503 14 28 at at ADP flr-503 14 29 a a DET flr-503 14 30 higher high ADJ flr-503 14 31 level level NOUN flr-503 14 32 of of ADP flr-503 14 33 academic academic ADJ flr-503 14 34 performance performance NOUN flr-503 14 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 14 36 schunk schunk NOUN flr-503 14 37 & & CCONJ flr-503 14 38 pajares pajare NOUN flr-503 14 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 14 40 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 14 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 14 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 15 1 self self NOUN flr-503 15 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 15 3 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 15 4 is be AUX flr-503 15 5 a a DET flr-503 15 6 central central ADJ flr-503 15 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 15 8 much much ADJ flr-503 15 9 used use VERB flr-503 15 10 construct construct NOUN flr-503 15 11 in in ADP flr-503 15 12 many many ADJ flr-503 15 13 fields field NOUN flr-503 15 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 15 15 not not PART flr-503 15 16 least least ADJ flr-503 15 17 in in ADP flr-503 15 18 education education NOUN flr-503 15 19 and and CCONJ flr-503 15 20 mental mental ADJ flr-503 15 21 health health NOUN flr-503 15 22 research research NOUN flr-503 15 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 15 24 the the DET flr-503 15 25 combination combination NOUN flr-503 15 26 of of ADP flr-503 15 27 the the DET flr-503 15 28 two two NUM flr-503 15 29 : : PUNCT flr-503 15 30 the the DET flr-503 15 31 positive positive ADJ flr-503 15 32 correlational correlational ADJ flr-503 15 33 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 15 34 between between ADP flr-503 15 35 self self NOUN flr-503 15 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 15 37 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 15 38 and and CCONJ flr-503 15 39 academic academic ADJ flr-503 15 40 performance performance NOUN flr-503 15 41 is be AUX flr-503 15 42 well well ADV flr-503 15 43 - - PUNCT flr-503 15 44 established establish VERB flr-503 15 45 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 15 46 ferla ferla NOUN flr-503 15 47 et et PROPN flr-503 15 48 al al PROPN flr-503 15 49 . . PROPN flr-503 15 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 15 51 2009 2009 NUM flr-503 15 52 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 15 53 luszczynska luszczynska PROPN flr-503 15 54 et et PROPN flr-503 15 55 al al PROPN flr-503 15 56 . . PROPN flr-503 15 57 , , PUNCT flr-503 15 58 2005 2005 NUM flr-503 15 59 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 15 60 zimmerman zimmerman PROPN flr-503 15 61 et et PROPN flr-503 15 62 al al PROPN flr-503 15 63 . . PROPN flr-503 15 64 , , PUNCT flr-503 15 65 1992 1992 NUM flr-503 15 66 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 15 67 . . PUNCT flr-503 16 1 low low ADJ flr-503 16 2 self self NOUN flr-503 16 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 16 4 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 16 5 has have AUX flr-503 16 6 been be AUX flr-503 16 7 found find VERB flr-503 16 8 to to PART flr-503 16 9 be be AUX flr-503 16 10 associated associate VERB flr-503 16 11 with with ADP flr-503 16 12 increased increase VERB flr-503 16 13 risk risk NOUN flr-503 16 14 of of ADP flr-503 16 15 depression depression NOUN flr-503 16 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 16 17 anxiety anxiety NOUN flr-503 16 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 16 19 luszczynska luszczynska PROPN flr-503 16 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 16 21 et et PROPN flr-503 16 22 al al PROPN flr-503 16 23 . . PROPN flr-503 16 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 16 25 2005 2005 NUM flr-503 16 26 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 16 27 muris muris PROPN flr-503 16 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 16 29 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 16 30 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 16 31 tahmassian tahmassian PROPN flr-503 16 32 & & CCONJ flr-503 16 33 jalali jalali PROPN flr-503 16 34 moghadam moghadam PROPN flr-503 16 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 16 36 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 16 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 16 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 16 39 and and CCONJ flr-503 16 40 self self NOUN flr-503 16 41 - - PUNCT flr-503 16 42 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 16 43 has have AUX flr-503 16 44 been be AUX flr-503 16 45 found find VERB flr-503 16 46 to to PART flr-503 16 47 mitigate mitigate VERB flr-503 16 48 the the DET flr-503 16 49 negative negative ADJ flr-503 16 50 effect effect NOUN flr-503 16 51 of of ADP flr-503 16 52 stress stress NOUN flr-503 16 53 on on ADP flr-503 16 54 life life NOUN flr-503 16 55 satisfaction satisfaction NOUN flr-503 16 56 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 16 57 burger burger NOUN flr-503 16 58 & & CCONJ flr-503 16 59 samuel samuel PROPN flr-503 16 60 , , PUNCT flr-503 16 61 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 16 62 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 16 63 . . PUNCT flr-503 17 1 self self NOUN flr-503 17 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 17 3 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 17 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 17 5 self self NOUN flr-503 17 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 17 7 esteem esteem NOUN flr-503 17 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 17 9 psychological psychological ADJ flr-503 17 10 distress distress NOUN flr-503 17 11 were be AUX flr-503 17 12 found find VERB flr-503 17 13 to to PART flr-503 17 14 be be AUX flr-503 17 15 the the DET flr-503 17 16 most most ADV flr-503 17 17 important important ADJ flr-503 17 18 predictors predictor NOUN flr-503 17 19 of of ADP flr-503 17 20 stress stress NOUN flr-503 17 21 in in ADP flr-503 17 22 university university NOUN flr-503 17 23 students student NOUN flr-503 17 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 17 25 saleh saleh NOUN flr-503 17 26 et et PROPN flr-503 17 27 al al PROPN flr-503 17 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 17 29 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 17 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 17 31 . . PUNCT flr-503 18 1 recent recent ADJ flr-503 18 2 meta meta ADJ flr-503 18 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 18 4 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 18 5 concluded conclude VERB flr-503 18 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 18 7 self self NOUN flr-503 18 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 18 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 18 10 is be AUX flr-503 18 11 the the DET flr-503 18 12 strongest strong ADJ flr-503 18 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 18 14 non non ADJ flr-503 18 15 - - ADJ flr-503 18 16 ability ability ADJ flr-503 18 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 18 18 predictor predictor NOUN flr-503 18 19 of of ADP flr-503 18 20 grade grade NOUN flr-503 18 21 point point NOUN flr-503 18 22 average average NOUN flr-503 18 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 18 24 gpa gpa PROPN flr-503 18 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 18 26 in in ADP flr-503 18 27 higher high ADJ flr-503 18 28 education education NOUN flr-503 18 29 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 18 30 he he PRON flr-503 18 31 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 18 32 above above ADP flr-503 18 33 personality personality NOUN flr-503 18 34 traits trait NOUN flr-503 18 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 18 36 motivation motivation NOUN flr-503 18 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 18 38 various various ADJ flr-503 18 39 learning learning NOUN flr-503 18 40 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 18 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 18 42 bartimote bartimote NOUN flr-503 18 43 - - PUNCT flr-503 18 44 aufflick aufflick NOUN flr-503 18 45 et et PROPN flr-503 18 46 al al PROPN flr-503 18 47 . . PROPN flr-503 18 48 , , PUNCT flr-503 18 49 2015 2015 NUM flr-503 18 50 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 18 51 richardson richardson PROPN flr-503 18 52 et et PROPN flr-503 18 53 al al PROPN flr-503 18 54 . . PROPN flr-503 18 55 , , PUNCT flr-503 18 56 2012 2012 NUM flr-503 18 57 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 18 58 . . PUNCT flr-503 19 1 an an DET flr-503 19 2 ongoing ongoing ADJ flr-503 19 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 19 4 unresolved unresolved ADJ flr-503 19 5 discussion discussion NOUN flr-503 19 6 in in ADP flr-503 19 7 self self NOUN flr-503 19 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 19 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 19 10 research research NOUN flr-503 19 11 is be AUX flr-503 19 12 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 19 13 self self NOUN flr-503 19 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 19 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 19 16 is be AUX flr-503 19 17 a a DET flr-503 19 18 general general ADJ flr-503 19 19 or or CCONJ flr-503 19 20 a a DET flr-503 19 21 specific specific ADJ flr-503 19 22 construct construct NOUN flr-503 19 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 19 24 or or CCONJ flr-503 19 25 something something PRON flr-503 19 26 in in ADP flr-503 19 27 between between ADP flr-503 19 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 19 29 bandura bandura NOUN flr-503 19 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 19 31 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 19 32 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 19 33 pajares pajare NOUN flr-503 19 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 19 35 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 19 36 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 19 37 scherbaum scherbaum PROPN flr-503 19 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 19 39 cohen cohen NOUN flr-503 19 40 - - PUNCT flr-503 19 41 charash charash NOUN flr-503 19 42 , , PUNCT flr-503 19 43 & & CCONJ flr-503 19 44 kern kern PROPN flr-503 19 45 , , PUNCT flr-503 19 46 2006 2006 NUM flr-503 19 47 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 19 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 20 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 20 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 20 3 there there PRON flr-503 20 4 is be VERB flr-503 20 5 a a DET flr-503 20 6 plethora plethora NOUN flr-503 20 7 of of ADP flr-503 20 8 self self NOUN flr-503 20 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 20 10 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 20 11 instruments instrument NOUN flr-503 20 12 measuring measure VERB flr-503 20 13 from from ADP flr-503 20 14 the the DET flr-503 20 15 altogether altogether ADV flr-503 20 16 general general ADJ flr-503 20 17 self self NOUN flr-503 20 18 - - PUNCT flr-503 20 19 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 20 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 20 21 over over ADP flr-503 20 22 the the DET flr-503 20 23 domain domain NOUN flr-503 20 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 20 25 specific specific ADJ flr-503 20 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 20 27 the the DET flr-503 20 28 context context NOUN flr-503 20 29 - - PUNCT flr-503 20 30 specific specific NOUN flr-503 20 31 , , PUNCT flr-503 20 32 to to PART flr-503 20 33 courseor courseor VERB flr-503 20 34 even even ADV flr-503 20 35 task task NOUN flr-503 20 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 20 37 specific specific ADJ flr-503 20 38 self self NOUN flr-503 20 39 - - PUNCT flr-503 20 40 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 20 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 21 1 while while SCONJ flr-503 21 2 the the DET flr-503 21 3 general general ADJ flr-503 21 4 self self NOUN flr-503 21 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 21 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 21 7 scale scale NOUN flr-503 21 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 21 9 gses gse NOUN flr-503 21 10 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 21 11 schwartzer schwartzer NOUN flr-503 21 12 & & CCONJ flr-503 21 13 jerusalem jerusalem PROPN flr-503 21 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 15 1995 1995 NUM flr-503 21 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 21 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 18 or or CCONJ flr-503 21 19 adaptations adaptation NOUN flr-503 21 20 of of ADP flr-503 21 21 it it PRON flr-503 21 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 23 is be AUX flr-503 21 24 probably probably ADV flr-503 21 25 the the PRON flr-503 21 26 most most ADV flr-503 21 27 commonly commonly ADV flr-503 21 28 used use VERB flr-503 21 29 in in ADP flr-503 21 30 health health NOUN flr-503 21 31 related relate VERB flr-503 21 32 research research NOUN flr-503 21 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 34 in in ADP flr-503 21 35 educational educational ADJ flr-503 21 36 research research NOUN flr-503 21 37 it it PRON flr-503 21 38 is be AUX flr-503 21 39 more more ADV flr-503 21 40 common common ADJ flr-503 21 41 to to PART flr-503 21 42 construe construe VERB flr-503 21 43 self self NOUN flr-503 21 44 - - PUNCT flr-503 21 45 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 21 46 as as ADP flr-503 21 47 at at ADP flr-503 21 48 least least ADJ flr-503 21 49 domain domain NOUN flr-503 21 50 - - PUNCT flr-503 21 51 specific specific ADJ flr-503 21 52 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 21 53 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-503 21 54 the the DET flr-503 21 55 general general ADJ flr-503 21 56 academic academic ADJ flr-503 21 57 self self NOUN flr-503 21 58 - - PUNCT flr-503 21 59 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 21 60 scale scale NOUN flr-503 21 61 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 21 62 gase gase NOUN flr-503 21 63 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 21 64 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 21 65 et et PROPN flr-503 21 66 al al PROPN flr-503 21 67 . . PROPN flr-503 21 68 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 69 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 21 70 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 21 71 and and CCONJ flr-503 21 72 the the DET flr-503 21 73 physics physics NOUN flr-503 21 74 self self NOUN flr-503 21 75 - - PUNCT flr-503 21 76 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 21 77 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-503 21 78 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 21 79 pseq pseq PROPN flr-503 21 80 : : PUNCT flr-503 21 81 lindstrã¸m lindstrã¸m PROPN flr-503 21 82 & & CCONJ flr-503 21 83 sharma sharma PROPN flr-503 21 84 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 85 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 21 86 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 21 87 , , PUNCT flr-503 21 88 both both CCONJ flr-503 21 89 for for ADP flr-503 21 90 the the DET flr-503 21 91 academic academic ADJ flr-503 21 92 domain domain NOUN flr-503 21 93 and and CCONJ flr-503 21 94 both both PRON flr-503 21 95 based base VERB flr-503 21 96 on on ADP flr-503 21 97 the the DET flr-503 21 98 gse gse PROPN flr-503 21 99 . . PUNCT flr-503 22 1 in in ADP flr-503 22 2 between between ADP flr-503 22 3 the the DET flr-503 22 4 general general ADJ flr-503 22 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 22 6 very very ADV flr-503 22 7 specific specific ADJ flr-503 22 8 instruments instrument NOUN flr-503 22 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 10 are be AUX flr-503 22 11 a a DET flr-503 22 12 range range NOUN flr-503 22 13 of of ADP flr-503 22 14 sub sub NOUN flr-503 22 15 - - ADJ flr-503 22 16 domain- domain- ADJ flr-503 22 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 18 contextand contextand NOUN flr-503 22 19 course course NOUN flr-503 22 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 22 21 specific specific ADJ flr-503 22 22 self self NOUN flr-503 22 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 22 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 22 25 instruments instrument NOUN flr-503 22 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 27 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-503 22 28 the the DET flr-503 22 29 computer computer NOUN flr-503 22 30 self self NOUN flr-503 22 31 - - PUNCT flr-503 22 32 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 22 33 scale scale NOUN flr-503 22 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 22 35 scherer scherer PROPN flr-503 22 36 & & CCONJ flr-503 22 37 siddiq siddiq PROPN flr-503 22 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 39 2015 2015 NUM flr-503 22 40 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 22 41 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 42 the the DET flr-503 22 43 psychologist psychologist NOUN flr-503 22 44 and and CCONJ flr-503 22 45 counsellor counsellor NOUN flr-503 22 46 self self NOUN flr-503 22 47 - - PUNCT flr-503 22 48 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 22 49 scale scale NOUN flr-503 22 50 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 22 51 watt watt NOUN flr-503 22 52 et et PROPN flr-503 22 53 al al PROPN flr-503 22 54 . . PROPN flr-503 22 55 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 56 2019 2019 NUM flr-503 22 57 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 22 58 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 59 the the DET flr-503 22 60 diabetes diabetes NOUN flr-503 22 61 management management NOUN flr-503 22 62 self self NOUN flr-503 22 63 - - PUNCT flr-503 22 64 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 22 65 scale scale NOUN flr-503 22 66 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 22 67 williams williams PROPN flr-503 22 68 et et PROPN flr-503 22 69 al al PROPN flr-503 22 70 . . PROPN flr-503 22 71 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 72 2014 2014 NUM flr-503 22 73 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 22 74 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 75 and and CCONJ flr-503 22 76 the the DET flr-503 22 77 commonly commonly ADV flr-503 22 78 used use VERB flr-503 22 79 specific specific ADJ flr-503 22 80 academic academic ADJ flr-503 22 81 self self NOUN flr-503 22 82 - - PUNCT flr-503 22 83 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 22 84 scale scale NOUN flr-503 22 85 from from ADP flr-503 22 86 the the DET flr-503 22 87 motivated motivated ADJ flr-503 22 88 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 22 89 of of ADP flr-503 22 90 learning learn VERB flr-503 22 91 inventory inventory NOUN flr-503 22 92 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 22 93 mslq mslq NOUN flr-503 22 94 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 22 95 pintrich pintrich PROPN flr-503 22 96 et et PROPN flr-503 22 97 al al PROPN flr-503 22 98 , , PUNCT flr-503 22 99 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 22 100 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 22 101 . . PUNCT flr-503 23 1 given give VERB flr-503 23 2 the the DET flr-503 23 3 importance importance NOUN flr-503 23 4 of of ADP flr-503 23 5 self self NOUN flr-503 23 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 23 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 23 8 for for ADP flr-503 23 9 educational educational ADJ flr-503 23 10 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 23 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 23 12 a a DET flr-503 23 13 large large ADJ flr-503 23 14 body body NOUN flr-503 23 15 of of ADP flr-503 23 16 research research NOUN flr-503 23 17 has have AUX flr-503 23 18 focused focus VERB flr-503 23 19 on on ADP flr-503 23 20 investigating investigate VERB flr-503 23 21 differences difference NOUN flr-503 23 22 in in ADP flr-503 23 23 the the DET flr-503 23 24 levels level NOUN flr-503 23 25 of of ADP flr-503 23 26 self self NOUN flr-503 23 27 - - PUNCT flr-503 23 28 reported report VERB flr-503 23 29 self self NOUN flr-503 23 30 - - PUNCT flr-503 23 31 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 23 32 for for ADP flr-503 23 33 student student NOUN flr-503 23 34 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 23 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 23 36 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-503 23 37 gender gender NOUN flr-503 23 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 23 39 age age NOUN flr-503 23 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 23 41 academic academic ADJ flr-503 23 42 discipline discipline NOUN flr-503 23 43 , , PUNCT flr-503 23 44 institution institution NOUN flr-503 23 45 and and CCONJ flr-503 23 46 so so ADV flr-503 23 47 on on ADV flr-503 23 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 24 1 however however ADV flr-503 24 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 24 3 as as SCONJ flr-503 24 4 pointed point VERB flr-503 24 5 out out ADP flr-503 24 6 by by ADP flr-503 24 7 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 24 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 24 9 colleagues colleague NOUN flr-503 24 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 24 11 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 24 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 24 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 24 14 hardly hardly ADV flr-503 24 15 any any DET flr-503 24 16 studies study NOUN flr-503 24 17 comparing compare VERB flr-503 24 18 gender gender NOUN flr-503 24 19 groups group NOUN flr-503 24 20 of of ADP flr-503 24 21 students student NOUN flr-503 24 22 have have AUX flr-503 24 23 determined determine VERB flr-503 24 24 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 24 25 the the DET flr-503 24 26 self self NOUN flr-503 24 27 - - PUNCT flr-503 24 28 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 24 29 scales scale NOUN flr-503 24 30 they they PRON flr-503 24 31 use use VERB flr-503 24 32 in in ADP flr-503 24 33 fact fact NOUN flr-503 24 34 are be AUX flr-503 24 35 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 24 36 invariant invariant ADJ flr-503 24 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 24 38 thus thus ADV flr-503 24 39 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 24 40 self self NOUN flr-503 24 41 - - PUNCT flr-503 24 42 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 24 43 scores score NOUN flr-503 24 44 for for ADP flr-503 24 45 these these DET flr-503 24 46 groups group NOUN flr-503 24 47 can can AUX flr-503 24 48 be be AUX flr-503 24 49 compared compare VERB flr-503 24 50 without without ADP flr-503 24 51 bias bias NOUN flr-503 24 52 . . PUNCT flr-503 25 1 the the DET flr-503 25 2 formal formal ADJ flr-503 25 3 definition definition NOUN flr-503 25 4 of of ADP flr-503 25 5 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 25 6 invariance invariance NOUN flr-503 25 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 25 8 mi mi PROPN flr-503 25 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 25 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 25 11 according accord VERB flr-503 25 12 to to ADP flr-503 25 13 mellenbergh mellenbergh NOUN flr-503 25 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 25 15 1989 1989 NUM flr-503 25 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 25 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 25 18 meredith meredith NOUN flr-503 25 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 25 20 1993 1993 NUM flr-503 25 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 25 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 25 23 states state VERB flr-503 25 24 that that SCONJ flr-503 25 25 mi mi PROPN flr-503 25 26 holds hold VERB flr-503 25 27 when when SCONJ flr-503 25 28 the the DET flr-503 25 29 probability probability NOUN flr-503 25 30 of of ADP flr-503 25 31 observed observed ADJ flr-503 25 32 scale scale NOUN flr-503 25 33 scores score NOUN flr-503 25 34 depends depend VERB flr-503 25 35 only only ADV flr-503 25 36 on on ADP flr-503 25 37 the the DET flr-503 25 38 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 25 39 latent latent NOUN flr-503 25 40 variable variable NOUN flr-503 25 41 for for ADP flr-503 25 42 the the DET flr-503 25 43 measure measure NOUN flr-503 25 44 and and CCONJ flr-503 25 45 not not PART flr-503 25 46 any any DET flr-503 25 47 other other ADJ flr-503 25 48 characteristic characteristic NOUN flr-503 25 49 of of ADP flr-503 25 50 the the DET flr-503 25 51 persons person NOUN flr-503 25 52 being be AUX flr-503 25 53 measured measure VERB flr-503 25 54 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 25 55 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 25 56 relevant relevant ADJ flr-503 25 57 demographic demographic ADJ flr-503 25 58 and and CCONJ flr-503 25 59 background background NOUN flr-503 25 60 variables variable NOUN flr-503 25 61 such such ADJ flr-503 25 62 as as ADP flr-503 25 63 gender gender NOUN flr-503 25 64 , , PUNCT flr-503 25 65 age age NOUN flr-503 25 66 , , PUNCT flr-503 25 67 etc etc X flr-503 25 68 . . X flr-503 25 69 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 25 70 . . PUNCT flr-503 26 1 in in ADP flr-503 26 2 terms term NOUN flr-503 26 3 of of ADP flr-503 26 4 self self NOUN flr-503 26 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 26 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 26 7 this this PRON flr-503 26 8 would would AUX flr-503 26 9 mean mean VERB flr-503 26 10 that that SCONJ flr-503 26 11 the the DET flr-503 26 12 observed observe VERB flr-503 26 13 raw raw ADJ flr-503 26 14 scores score NOUN flr-503 26 15 for for ADP flr-503 26 16 any any DET flr-503 26 17 students student NOUN flr-503 26 18 should should AUX flr-503 26 19 only only ADV flr-503 26 20 be be AUX flr-503 26 21 determined determine VERB flr-503 26 22 by by ADP flr-503 26 23 their their PRON flr-503 26 24 latent latent ADJ flr-503 26 25 level level NOUN flr-503 26 26 of of ADP flr-503 26 27 self self NOUN flr-503 26 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 26 29 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 26 30 and and CCONJ flr-503 26 31 not not PART flr-503 26 32 also also ADV flr-503 26 33 on on ADP flr-503 26 34 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 26 35 they they PRON flr-503 26 36 are be AUX flr-503 26 37 , , PUNCT flr-503 26 38 for for ADP flr-503 26 39 example example NOUN flr-503 26 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 26 41 male male ADJ flr-503 26 42 or or CCONJ flr-503 26 43 female female ADJ flr-503 26 44 , , PUNCT flr-503 26 45 or or CCONJ flr-503 26 46 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 26 47 they they PRON flr-503 26 48 are be AUX flr-503 26 49 entering enter VERB flr-503 26 50 one one NUM flr-503 26 51 higher high ADJ flr-503 26 52 educational educational ADJ flr-503 26 53 degree degree NOUN flr-503 26 54 program program NOUN flr-503 26 55 or or CCONJ flr-503 26 56 another another PRON flr-503 26 57 . . PUNCT flr-503 27 1 within within ADP flr-503 27 2 item item NOUN flr-503 27 3 response response NOUN flr-503 27 4 theory theory NOUN flr-503 27 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 27 6 including include VERB flr-503 27 7 the the DET flr-503 27 8 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-503 27 9 of of ADP flr-503 27 10 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 27 11 models model NOUN flr-503 27 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 27 13 mi mi PROPN flr-503 27 14 is be AUX flr-503 27 15 more more ADV flr-503 27 16 often often ADV flr-503 27 17 formulated formulate VERB flr-503 27 18 as as ADP flr-503 27 19 a a DET flr-503 27 20 requirement requirement NOUN flr-503 27 21 of of ADP flr-503 27 22 absence absence NOUN flr-503 27 23 of of ADP flr-503 27 24 differential differential ADJ flr-503 27 25 item item NOUN flr-503 27 26 functioning function VERB flr-503 27 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 27 28 dif dif ADV flr-503 27 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 27 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 27 31 which which PRON flr-503 27 32 is be AUX flr-503 27 33 defined define VERB flr-503 27 34 in in ADP flr-503 27 35 exactly exactly ADV flr-503 27 36 the the DET flr-503 27 37 same same ADJ flr-503 27 38 way way NOUN flr-503 27 39 as as ADP flr-503 27 40 at at ADP flr-503 27 41 the the DET flr-503 27 42 item item NOUN flr-503 27 43 level level NOUN flr-503 27 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 28 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 28 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 28 3 no no PRON flr-503 28 4 dif dif ADV flr-503 28 5 is be AUX flr-503 28 6 formally formally ADV flr-503 28 7 defined define VERB flr-503 28 8 as as SCONJ flr-503 28 9 that that SCONJ flr-503 28 10 the the DET flr-503 28 11 probability probability NOUN flr-503 28 12 of of ADP flr-503 28 13 an an DET flr-503 28 14 item item NOUN flr-503 28 15 responses response NOUN flr-503 28 16 should should AUX flr-503 28 17 depend depend VERB flr-503 28 18 only only ADV flr-503 28 19 on on ADP flr-503 28 20 the the DET flr-503 28 21 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 28 22 latent latent NOUN flr-503 28 23 variable variable NOUN flr-503 28 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 28 25 and and CCONJ flr-503 28 26 not not PART flr-503 28 27 additionally additionally ADV flr-503 28 28 on on ADP flr-503 28 29 any any DET flr-503 28 30 background background NOUN flr-503 28 31 variables variable NOUN flr-503 28 32 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 28 33 or or CCONJ flr-503 28 34 exogenous exogenous ADJ flr-503 28 35 variables variable NOUN flr-503 28 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 28 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 28 38 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 28 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 28 40 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 28 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 28 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 29 1 we we PRON flr-503 29 2 can can AUX flr-503 29 3 then then ADV flr-503 29 4 say say VERB flr-503 29 5 that that SCONJ flr-503 29 6 items item NOUN flr-503 29 7 are be AUX flr-503 29 8 conditionally conditionally ADV flr-503 29 9 independent independent ADJ flr-503 29 10 of of ADP flr-503 29 11 the the DET flr-503 29 12 background background NOUN flr-503 29 13 variable variable NOUN flr-503 29 14 given give VERB flr-503 29 15 the the DET flr-503 29 16 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 29 17 latent latent NOUN flr-503 29 18 variable variable NOUN flr-503 29 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 29 20 or or CCONJ flr-503 29 21 person person NOUN flr-503 29 22 parameter parameter NOUN flr-503 29 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 29 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 29 25 and and CCONJ flr-503 29 26 thus thus ADV flr-503 29 27 items item NOUN flr-503 29 28 function function VERB flr-503 29 29 in in ADP flr-503 29 30 the the DET flr-503 29 31 same same ADJ flr-503 29 32 way way NOUN flr-503 29 33 for for ADP flr-503 29 34 all all DET flr-503 29 35 respondents respondent NOUN flr-503 29 36 belonging belong VERB flr-503 29 37 to to ADP flr-503 29 38 any any PRON flr-503 29 39 of of ADP flr-503 29 40 the the DET flr-503 29 41 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 29 42 defined define VERB flr-503 29 43 by by ADP flr-503 29 44 the the DET flr-503 29 45 exogenous exogenous ADJ flr-503 29 46 variable variable NOUN flr-503 29 47 , , PUNCT flr-503 29 48 and and CCONJ flr-503 29 49 the the DET flr-503 29 50 scores score NOUN flr-503 29 51 will will AUX flr-503 29 52 not not PART flr-503 29 53 be be AUX flr-503 29 54 biased bias VERB flr-503 29 55 for for ADP flr-503 29 56 some some DET flr-503 29 57 groups group NOUN flr-503 29 58 of of ADP flr-503 29 59 students student NOUN flr-503 29 60 . . PUNCT flr-503 30 1 avoiding avoid VERB flr-503 30 2 bias bias NOUN flr-503 30 3 caused cause VERB flr-503 30 4 by by ADP flr-503 30 5 dif dif X flr-503 30 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 30 7 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 30 8 having have VERB flr-503 30 9 mi mi NOUN flr-503 30 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 30 11 is be AUX flr-503 30 12 important important ADJ flr-503 30 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 30 14 as as SCONJ flr-503 30 15 some some DET flr-503 30 16 students student NOUN flr-503 30 17 would would AUX flr-503 30 18 otherwise otherwise ADV flr-503 30 19 obtain obtain VERB flr-503 30 20 unfair unfair ADJ flr-503 30 21 scores score NOUN flr-503 30 22 compared compare VERB flr-503 30 23 to to ADP flr-503 30 24 other other ADJ flr-503 30 25 students student NOUN flr-503 30 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 30 27 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 30 28 artificially artificially ADV flr-503 30 29 low low ADJ flr-503 30 30 or or CCONJ flr-503 30 31 high high ADJ flr-503 30 32 scores score NOUN flr-503 30 33 obtained obtain VERB flr-503 30 34 due due ADP flr-503 30 35 to to ADP flr-503 30 36 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-503 30 37 membership membership NOUN flr-503 30 38 and and CCONJ flr-503 30 39 not not PART flr-503 30 40 because because SCONJ flr-503 30 41 they they PRON flr-503 30 42 have have VERB flr-503 30 43 higher high ADJ flr-503 30 44 or or CCONJ flr-503 30 45 lower low ADJ flr-503 30 46 self self NOUN flr-503 30 47 - - PUNCT flr-503 30 48 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 30 49 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 30 50 . . PUNCT flr-503 31 1 for for ADP flr-503 31 2 research research NOUN flr-503 31 3 purposes purpose NOUN flr-503 31 4 this this PRON flr-503 31 5 is be AUX flr-503 31 6 equally equally ADV flr-503 31 7 important important ADJ flr-503 31 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 31 9 because because SCONJ flr-503 31 10 dif dif ADV flr-503 31 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 31 12 depending depend VERB flr-503 31 13 on on ADP flr-503 31 14 its its PRON flr-503 31 15 magnitude magnitude NOUN flr-503 31 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 31 17 can can AUX flr-503 31 18 cause cause VERB flr-503 31 19 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 31 20 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-503 31 21 of of ADP flr-503 31 22 student student NOUN flr-503 31 23 self self NOUN flr-503 31 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 31 25 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 31 26 to to PART flr-503 31 27 be be AUX flr-503 31 28 confounded confound VERB flr-503 31 29 by by ADP flr-503 31 30 their their PRON flr-503 31 31 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-503 31 32 status status NOUN flr-503 31 33 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 31 34 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 31 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 31 36 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 31 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 31 38 . . PUNCT flr-503 32 1 in in ADP flr-503 32 2 the the DET flr-503 32 3 literature literature NOUN flr-503 32 4 search search NOUN flr-503 32 5 for for ADP flr-503 32 6 the the DET flr-503 32 7 current current ADJ flr-503 32 8 study study NOUN flr-503 32 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 32 10 we we PRON flr-503 32 11 found find VERB flr-503 32 12 that that SCONJ flr-503 32 13 none none NOUN flr-503 32 14 of of ADP flr-503 32 15 these these PRON flr-503 32 16 looked look VERB flr-503 32 17 into into ADP flr-503 32 18 the the DET flr-503 32 19 issue issue NOUN flr-503 32 20 of of ADP flr-503 32 21 invariant invariant ADJ flr-503 32 22 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 32 23 across across ADP flr-503 32 24 the the DET flr-503 32 25 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 32 26 that that PRON flr-503 32 27 were be AUX flr-503 32 28 compared compare VERB flr-503 32 29 . . PUNCT flr-503 33 1 a a DET flr-503 33 2 recent recent ADJ flr-503 33 3 meta meta ADJ flr-503 33 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 33 5 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 33 6 suggested suggest VERB flr-503 33 7 student student NOUN flr-503 33 8 self self NOUN flr-503 33 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 33 10 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 33 11 to to PART flr-503 33 12 be be AUX flr-503 33 13 heterogeneously heterogeneously ADV flr-503 33 14 associated associate VERB flr-503 33 15 with with ADP flr-503 33 16 gender gender NOUN flr-503 33 17 as as SCONJ flr-503 33 18 the the DET flr-503 33 19 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 33 20 is be AUX flr-503 33 21 moderated moderate VERB flr-503 33 22 by by ADP flr-503 33 23 academic academic ADJ flr-503 33 24 discipline discipline NOUN flr-503 33 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 33 26 huang huang PROPN flr-503 33 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 33 28 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 33 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 33 30 . . PUNCT flr-503 34 1 young young ADJ flr-503 34 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 34 3 wendel wendel PROPN flr-503 34 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 34 5 esson esson NOUN flr-503 34 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 34 7 plank plank PROPN flr-503 34 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 34 9 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 34 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 34 11 found find VERB flr-503 34 12 that that SCONJ flr-503 34 13 self self NOUN flr-503 34 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 34 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 34 16 levels level NOUN flr-503 34 17 were be AUX flr-503 34 18 higher high ADJ flr-503 34 19 for for ADP flr-503 34 20 men man NOUN flr-503 34 21 than than ADP flr-503 34 22 for for ADP flr-503 34 23 women woman NOUN flr-503 34 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 34 25 but but CCONJ flr-503 34 26 that that SCONJ flr-503 34 27 levels level NOUN flr-503 34 28 of of ADP flr-503 34 29 student student NOUN flr-503 34 30 self self NOUN flr-503 34 31 - - PUNCT flr-503 34 32 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 34 33 did do AUX flr-503 34 34 not not PART flr-503 34 35 differ differ VERB flr-503 34 36 according accord VERB flr-503 34 37 to to ADP flr-503 34 38 the the DET flr-503 34 39 included include VERB flr-503 34 40 academic academic ADJ flr-503 34 41 disciplines discipline NOUN flr-503 34 42 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 34 43 science science NOUN flr-503 34 44 , , PUNCT flr-503 34 45 technology technology NOUN flr-503 34 46 , , PUNCT flr-503 34 47 engineering engineering NOUN flr-503 34 48 , , PUNCT flr-503 34 49 and and CCONJ flr-503 34 50 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-503 34 51 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 34 52 . . PUNCT flr-503 35 1 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 35 2 levels level NOUN flr-503 35 3 of of ADP flr-503 35 4 self self NOUN flr-503 35 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 35 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 35 7 vary vary VERB flr-503 35 8 across across ADP flr-503 35 9 students student NOUN flr-503 35 10 from from ADP flr-503 35 11 different different ADJ flr-503 35 12 he he PRON flr-503 35 13 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 35 14 has have AUX flr-503 35 15 been be AUX flr-503 35 16 left leave VERB flr-503 35 17 largely largely ADV flr-503 35 18 un un VERB flr-503 35 19 - - VERB flr-503 35 20 investigated investigated ADJ flr-503 35 21 . . PUNCT flr-503 36 1 to to ADP flr-503 36 2 the the DET flr-503 36 3 authors†authors†ADJ flr-503 36 4 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 36 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN flr-503 36 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 36 7 only only ADV flr-503 36 8 one one NUM flr-503 36 9 study study NOUN flr-503 36 10 has have AUX flr-503 36 11 looked look VERB flr-503 36 12 into into ADP flr-503 36 13 this this PRON flr-503 36 14 : : PUNCT flr-503 36 15 ginsborg ginsborg ADJ flr-503 36 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 36 17 kreutz kreutz PROPN flr-503 36 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 36 19 thomas thomas PROPN flr-503 36 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 36 21 williamon williamon ADJ flr-503 36 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 36 23 2009 2009 NUM flr-503 36 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 36 25 found find VERB flr-503 36 26 that that SCONJ flr-503 36 27 the the DET flr-503 36 28 level level NOUN flr-503 36 29 of of ADP flr-503 36 30 general general ADJ flr-503 36 31 self self NOUN flr-503 36 32 - - PUNCT flr-503 36 33 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 36 34 in in ADP flr-503 36 35 music music NOUN flr-503 36 36 performance performance NOUN flr-503 36 37 students student NOUN flr-503 36 38 from from ADP flr-503 36 39 he he PRON flr-503 36 40 music music NOUN flr-503 36 41 conservatories conservatory NOUN flr-503 36 42 was be AUX flr-503 36 43 significantly significantly ADV flr-503 36 44 lower low ADJ flr-503 36 45 than than ADP flr-503 36 46 in in ADP flr-503 36 47 university university NOUN flr-503 36 48 health health NOUN flr-503 36 49 students student NOUN flr-503 36 50 from from ADP flr-503 36 51 nursing nursing NOUN flr-503 36 52 and and CCONJ flr-503 36 53 biomedical biomedical ADJ flr-503 36 54 science science NOUN flr-503 36 55 . . PUNCT flr-503 37 1 the the DET flr-503 37 2 predictive predictive ADJ flr-503 37 3 power power NOUN flr-503 37 4 of of ADP flr-503 37 5 pre pre ADJ flr-503 37 6 - - ADJ flr-503 37 7 higher high ADJ flr-503 37 8 education education NOUN flr-503 37 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 37 10 pre pre VERB flr-503 37 11 - - ADJ flr-503 37 12 he he PRON flr-503 37 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 37 14 self self NOUN flr-503 37 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 37 16 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 37 17 for for ADP flr-503 37 18 academic academic ADJ flr-503 37 19 outcome outcome NOUN flr-503 37 20 has have AUX flr-503 37 21 hardly hardly ADV flr-503 37 22 been be AUX flr-503 37 23 studied study VERB flr-503 37 24 internationally internationally ADV flr-503 37 25 : : PUNCT flr-503 37 26 yong yong PROPN flr-503 37 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 37 28 2010 2010 NUM flr-503 37 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 37 30 found find VERB flr-503 37 31 no no DET flr-503 37 32 discipline discipline NOUN flr-503 37 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 37 34 specific specific ADJ flr-503 37 35 differences difference NOUN flr-503 37 36 in in ADP flr-503 37 37 general general ADJ flr-503 37 38 self self NOUN flr-503 37 39 - - PUNCT flr-503 37 40 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 37 41 level level NOUN flr-503 37 42 in in ADP flr-503 37 43 a a DET flr-503 37 44 study study NOUN flr-503 37 45 of of ADP flr-503 37 46 105 105 NUM flr-503 37 47 pre pre ADJ flr-503 37 48 - - ADJ flr-503 37 49 university university ADJ flr-503 37 50 engineering engineering NOUN flr-503 37 51 and and CCONJ flr-503 37 52 business business NOUN flr-503 37 53 students student NOUN flr-503 37 54 admitted admit VERB flr-503 37 55 to to ADP flr-503 37 56 a a DET flr-503 37 57 private private ADJ flr-503 37 58 malaysian malaysian ADJ flr-503 37 59 university university NOUN flr-503 37 60 . . PUNCT flr-503 38 1 van van PROPN flr-503 38 2 herpen herpen PROPN flr-503 38 3 et et PROPN flr-503 38 4 al al PROPN flr-503 38 5 . . PROPN flr-503 39 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 39 2 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 39 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 39 4 found find VERB flr-503 39 5 that that SCONJ flr-503 39 6 pre pre ADJ flr-503 39 7 - - ADJ flr-503 39 8 university university ADJ flr-503 39 9 academic academic ADJ flr-503 39 10 self self NOUN flr-503 39 11 - - PUNCT flr-503 39 12 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 39 13 did do AUX flr-503 39 14 not not PART flr-503 39 15 predict predict VERB flr-503 39 16 academic academic ADJ flr-503 39 17 success success NOUN flr-503 39 18 in in ADP flr-503 39 19 the the DET flr-503 39 20 first first ADJ flr-503 39 21 year year NOUN flr-503 39 22 in in ADP flr-503 39 23 general general ADJ flr-503 39 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 39 25 sample sample NOUN flr-503 39 26 sizes size NOUN flr-503 39 27 were be AUX flr-503 39 28 too too ADV flr-503 39 29 small small ADJ flr-503 39 30 to to PART flr-503 39 31 look look VERB flr-503 39 32 into into ADP flr-503 39 33 single single ADJ flr-503 39 34 disciplines discipline NOUN flr-503 39 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 39 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 39 37 when when SCONJ flr-503 39 38 assessed assess VERB flr-503 39 39 at at ADP flr-503 39 40 the the DET flr-503 39 41 time time NOUN flr-503 39 42 of of ADP flr-503 39 43 application application NOUN flr-503 39 44 to to ADP flr-503 39 45 university university NOUN flr-503 39 46 . . PUNCT flr-503 40 1 aryee aryee PROPN flr-503 40 2 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 40 3 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 40 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 40 5 found find VERB flr-503 40 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 40 7 high high ADJ flr-503 40 8 levels level NOUN flr-503 40 9 of of ADP flr-503 40 10 pre pre ADJ flr-503 40 11 - - ADJ flr-503 40 12 he he PRON flr-503 40 13 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-503 40 14 self self NOUN flr-503 40 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 40 16 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 40 17 were be AUX flr-503 40 18 associated associate VERB flr-503 40 19 with with ADP flr-503 40 20 student student NOUN flr-503 40 21 persistence persistence NOUN flr-503 40 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 40 23 the the DET flr-503 40 24 completion completion NOUN flr-503 40 25 of of ADP flr-503 40 26 college college NOUN flr-503 40 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 40 28 while while SCONJ flr-503 40 29 low low ADJ flr-503 40 30 levels level NOUN flr-503 40 31 of of ADP flr-503 40 32 pre pre ADJ flr-503 40 33 - - ADJ flr-503 40 34 he he PRON flr-503 40 35 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-503 40 36 self self NOUN flr-503 40 37 - - PUNCT flr-503 40 38 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 40 39 were be AUX flr-503 40 40 associated associate VERB flr-503 40 41 with with ADP flr-503 40 42 a a DET flr-503 40 43 diminished diminished ADJ flr-503 40 44 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 40 45 of of ADP flr-503 40 46 attaining attain VERB flr-503 40 47 any any DET flr-503 40 48 degree degree NOUN flr-503 40 49 or or CCONJ flr-503 40 50 credential credential NOUN flr-503 40 51 . . PUNCT flr-503 41 1 the the DET flr-503 41 2 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 41 3 of of ADP flr-503 41 4 self self NOUN flr-503 41 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 41 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 41 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 41 8 measured measure VERB flr-503 41 9 after after ADP flr-503 41 10 the the DET flr-503 41 11 commencement commencement NOUN flr-503 41 12 to to ADP flr-503 41 13 he he PRON flr-503 41 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 41 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 41 16 student student NOUN flr-503 41 17 persistence persistence NOUN flr-503 41 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 41 19 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 41 20 is be AUX flr-503 41 21 well well ADV flr-503 41 22 studied study VERB flr-503 41 23 within within ADP flr-503 41 24 the the DET flr-503 41 25 educational educational ADJ flr-503 41 26 research research NOUN flr-503 41 27 field field NOUN flr-503 41 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 42 1 a a DET flr-503 42 2 meta meta ADJ flr-503 42 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 42 4 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 42 5 concluded conclude VERB flr-503 42 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 42 7 student student NOUN flr-503 42 8 self self NOUN flr-503 42 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 42 10 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 42 11 beliefs belief NOUN flr-503 42 12 were be AUX flr-503 42 13 associated associate VERB flr-503 42 14 with with ADP flr-503 42 15 a a DET flr-503 42 16 variety variety NOUN flr-503 42 17 of of ADP flr-503 42 18 academic academic ADJ flr-503 42 19 persistence persistence NOUN flr-503 42 20 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 42 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 42 22 “number “number NOUN flr-503 42 23 of of ADP flr-503 42 24 academic academic ADJ flr-503 42 25 terms term NOUN flr-503 42 26 completed†completed†NOUN flr-503 42 27 � � NOUN flr-503 42 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 42 29 “number “number NOUN flr-503 42 30 of of ADP flr-503 42 31 items item NOUN flr-503 42 32 or or CCONJ flr-503 42 33 tasks task NOUN flr-503 42 34 completed†completed†PRON flr-503 42 35 � � PROPN flr-503 42 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 42 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 42 38 “amount “amount NOUN flr-503 42 39 of of ADP flr-503 42 40 time time NOUN flr-503 42 41 spent spend VERB flr-503 42 42 on on ADP flr-503 42 43 the the DET flr-503 42 44 performance†performance†NOUN flr-503 42 45 � � NOUN flr-503 42 46 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 42 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 42 48 multon multon PROPN flr-503 42 49 , , PUNCT flr-503 42 50 brown brown PROPN flr-503 42 51 & & CCONJ flr-503 42 52 lent lent PROPN flr-503 42 53 , , PUNCT flr-503 42 54 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 42 55 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 42 56 . . PUNCT flr-503 43 1 furthermore furthermore ADV flr-503 43 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 43 3 academic academic ADJ flr-503 43 4 self self NOUN flr-503 43 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 43 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 43 7 in in ADP flr-503 43 8 he he PRON flr-503 43 9 students student NOUN flr-503 43 10 has have AUX flr-503 43 11 been be AUX flr-503 43 12 found find VERB flr-503 43 13 to to PART flr-503 43 14 be be AUX flr-503 43 15 associated associate VERB flr-503 43 16 with with ADP flr-503 43 17 student student NOUN flr-503 43 18 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 43 19 : : PUNCT flr-503 43 20 de de X flr-503 43 21 clercq clercq PROPN flr-503 43 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 43 23 galand galand NOUN flr-503 43 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 43 25 frenay frenay ADV flr-503 43 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 43 27 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 43 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 43 29 found find VERB flr-503 43 30 that that SCONJ flr-503 43 31 low low ADJ flr-503 43 32 levels level NOUN flr-503 43 33 of of ADP flr-503 43 34 academic academic ADJ flr-503 43 35 self self NOUN flr-503 43 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 43 37 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 43 38 in in ADP flr-503 43 39 students student NOUN flr-503 43 40 during during ADP flr-503 43 41 their their PRON flr-503 43 42 first first ADJ flr-503 43 43 year year NOUN flr-503 43 44 at at ADP flr-503 43 45 university university NOUN flr-503 43 46 were be AUX flr-503 43 47 associated associate VERB flr-503 43 48 with with ADP flr-503 43 49 different different ADJ flr-503 43 50 combinations combination NOUN flr-503 43 51 of of ADP flr-503 43 52 achievement achievement NOUN flr-503 43 53 predictors predictor NOUN flr-503 43 54 including include VERB flr-503 43 55 an an DET flr-503 43 56 increased increase VERB flr-503 43 57 risk risk NOUN flr-503 43 58 of of ADP flr-503 43 59 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 43 60 . . PUNCT flr-503 44 1 devonport devonport NOUN flr-503 44 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 44 3 lane lane PROPN flr-503 44 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 44 5 2006 2006 NUM flr-503 44 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 44 7 also also ADV flr-503 44 8 found find VERB flr-503 44 9 an an DET flr-503 44 10 association association NOUN flr-503 44 11 between between ADP flr-503 44 12 low low ADJ flr-503 44 13 levels level NOUN flr-503 44 14 of of ADP flr-503 44 15 self self NOUN flr-503 44 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 44 17 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 44 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 44 19 on on ADP flr-503 44 20 a a DET flr-503 44 21 self self NOUN flr-503 44 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 44 23 developed develop VERB flr-503 44 24 academically academically ADV flr-503 44 25 related relate VERB flr-503 44 26 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 44 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 44 28 in in ADP flr-503 44 29 first first ADJ flr-503 44 30 year year NOUN flr-503 44 31 university university NOUN flr-503 44 32 students student NOUN flr-503 44 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 44 34 and and CCONJ flr-503 44 35 an an DET flr-503 44 36 increased increase VERB flr-503 44 37 risk risk NOUN flr-503 44 38 of of ADP flr-503 44 39 withdrawal withdrawal NOUN flr-503 44 40 . . PUNCT flr-503 45 1 the the DET flr-503 45 2 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 45 3 between between ADP flr-503 45 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 45 5 self self NOUN flr-503 45 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 45 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 45 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 45 9 student student NOUN flr-503 45 10 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 45 11 has have AUX flr-503 45 12 also also ADV flr-503 45 13 been be AUX flr-503 45 14 studied study VERB flr-503 45 15 through through ADP flr-503 45 16 students†students†NOUN flr-503 45 17 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 45 18 self self NOUN flr-503 45 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 45 20 perceived perceive VERB flr-503 45 21 intention intention NOUN flr-503 45 22 to to PART flr-503 45 23 persist persist VERB flr-503 45 24 in in ADP flr-503 45 25 he he PRON flr-503 45 26 and and CCONJ flr-503 45 27 several several ADJ flr-503 45 28 studies study NOUN flr-503 45 29 have have AUX flr-503 45 30 found find VERB flr-503 45 31 a a DET flr-503 45 32 positive positive ADJ flr-503 45 33 association association NOUN flr-503 45 34 between between ADP flr-503 45 35 high high ADJ flr-503 45 36 levels level NOUN flr-503 45 37 of of ADP flr-503 45 38 academic academic ADJ flr-503 45 39 self self NOUN flr-503 45 40 - - PUNCT flr-503 45 41 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 45 42 and and CCONJ flr-503 45 43 an an DET flr-503 45 44 increased increase VERB flr-503 45 45 completion completion NOUN flr-503 45 46 intention intention NOUN flr-503 45 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 45 48 elliot elliot NOUN flr-503 45 49 , , PUNCT flr-503 45 50 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 45 51 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 45 52 lent lend VERB flr-503 45 53 et et PROPN flr-503 45 54 al al PROPN flr-503 45 55 . . PROPN flr-503 45 56 , , PUNCT flr-503 45 57 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 45 58 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 45 59 thomas thomas PROPN flr-503 45 60 , , PUNCT flr-503 45 61 2014 2014 NUM flr-503 45 62 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 45 63 vuong vuong PROPN flr-503 45 64 , , PUNCT flr-503 45 65 brown brown NOUN flr-503 45 66 - - PUNCT flr-503 45 67 welty welty PROPN flr-503 45 68 & & CCONJ flr-503 45 69 tracz tracz PROPN flr-503 45 70 , , PUNCT flr-503 45 71 2010 2010 NUM flr-503 45 72 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 45 73 you you PRON flr-503 45 74 , , PUNCT flr-503 45 75 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 45 76 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 45 77 . . PUNCT flr-503 46 1 however however ADV flr-503 46 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 46 3 none none NOUN flr-503 46 4 of of ADP flr-503 46 5 the the DET flr-503 46 6 studies study NOUN flr-503 46 7 investigating investigate VERB flr-503 46 8 self self NOUN flr-503 46 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 46 10 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 46 11 either either CCONJ flr-503 46 12 pre pre NOUN flr-503 46 13 - - VERB flr-503 46 14 he he PRON flr-503 46 15 or or CCONJ flr-503 46 16 after after ADP flr-503 46 17 commencement commencement NOUN flr-503 46 18 to to ADP flr-503 46 19 he he PRON flr-503 46 20 looked look VERB flr-503 46 21 into into ADP flr-503 46 22 the the DET flr-503 46 23 issue issue NOUN flr-503 46 24 of of ADP flr-503 46 25 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 46 26 invariance invariance NOUN flr-503 46 27 across across ADP flr-503 46 28 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 46 29 such such ADJ flr-503 46 30 as as ADP flr-503 46 31 academic academic ADJ flr-503 46 32 discipline discipline NOUN flr-503 46 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 46 34 degree degree NOUN flr-503 46 35 program program NOUN flr-503 46 36 or or CCONJ flr-503 46 37 institution institution NOUN flr-503 46 38 . . PUNCT flr-503 47 1 in in ADP flr-503 47 2 addition addition NOUN flr-503 47 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 47 4 it it PRON flr-503 47 5 remains remain VERB flr-503 47 6 unanswered unanswered ADJ flr-503 47 7 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 47 8 pre pre ADJ flr-503 47 9 - - ADJ flr-503 47 10 academic academic ADJ flr-503 47 11 self self NOUN flr-503 47 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 47 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 47 14 can can AUX flr-503 47 15 indeed indeed ADV flr-503 47 16 predict predict VERB flr-503 47 17 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 47 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 47 19 and and CCONJ flr-503 47 20 specifically specifically ADV flr-503 47 21 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 47 22 . . PUNCT flr-503 48 1 1.1 1.1 NUM flr-503 48 2 the the DET flr-503 48 3 present present ADJ flr-503 48 4 study study NOUN flr-503 48 5 the the DET flr-503 48 6 present present ADJ flr-503 48 7 study study NOUN flr-503 48 8 seeks seek VERB flr-503 48 9 to to PART flr-503 48 10 fill fill VERB flr-503 48 11 the the DET flr-503 48 12 aforementioned aforementione VERB flr-503 48 13 gaps gap NOUN flr-503 48 14 in in ADP flr-503 48 15 the the DET flr-503 48 16 existing exist VERB flr-503 48 17 research research NOUN flr-503 48 18 on on ADP flr-503 48 19 academic academic ADJ flr-503 48 20 self self NOUN flr-503 48 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 48 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 48 23 : : PUNCT flr-503 48 24 1 1 NUM flr-503 48 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 48 26 to to PART flr-503 48 27 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 48 28 the the DET flr-503 48 29 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 48 30 between between ADP flr-503 48 31 pre pre ADJ flr-503 48 32 - - ADJ flr-503 48 33 academic academic ADJ flr-503 48 34 self self NOUN flr-503 48 35 - - PUNCT flr-503 48 36 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 48 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 48 38 first first ADJ flr-503 48 39 semester semester NOUN flr-503 48 40 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 48 41 in in ADP flr-503 48 42 university university NOUN flr-503 48 43 . . PUNCT flr-503 49 1 in in ADP flr-503 49 2 order order NOUN flr-503 49 3 to to PART flr-503 49 4 do do AUX flr-503 49 5 this this PRON flr-503 49 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 49 7 we we PRON flr-503 49 8 thus thus ADV flr-503 49 9 needed need VERB flr-503 49 10 2 2 NUM flr-503 49 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 49 12 to to PART flr-503 49 13 obtain obtain VERB flr-503 49 14 a a DET flr-503 49 15 construct construct NOUN flr-503 49 16 valid valid ADJ flr-503 49 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 49 18 psychometrically psychometrically ADV flr-503 49 19 sound sound VERB flr-503 49 20 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 49 21 for for ADP flr-503 49 22 the the DET flr-503 49 23 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 49 24 of of ADP flr-503 49 25 pre pre ADJ flr-503 49 26 - - ADJ flr-503 49 27 academic academic ADJ flr-503 49 28 self self NOUN flr-503 49 29 - - PUNCT flr-503 49 30 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 49 31 , , PUNCT flr-503 49 32 suitable suitable ADJ flr-503 49 33 for for ADP flr-503 49 34 use use NOUN flr-503 49 35 before before SCONJ flr-503 49 36 students student NOUN flr-503 49 37 commence commence VERB flr-503 49 38 the the DET flr-503 49 39 university university NOUN flr-503 49 40 degree degree NOUN flr-503 49 41 programs program NOUN flr-503 49 42 to to PART flr-503 49 43 which which PRON flr-503 49 44 they they PRON flr-503 49 45 have have AUX flr-503 49 46 been be AUX flr-503 49 47 admitted admit VERB flr-503 49 48 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 49 49 and and CCONJ flr-503 49 50 within within ADP flr-503 49 51 the the DET flr-503 49 52 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 49 53 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 49 54 3 3 NUM flr-503 49 55 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 49 56 to to PART flr-503 49 57 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 49 58 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 49 59 the the DET flr-503 49 60 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 49 61 is be AUX flr-503 49 62 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 49 63 invariant invariant ADJ flr-503 49 64 across across ADP flr-503 49 65 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 49 66 , , PUNCT flr-503 49 67 degree degree NOUN flr-503 49 68 programs program NOUN flr-503 49 69 and and CCONJ flr-503 49 70 other other ADJ flr-503 49 71 relevant relevant ADJ flr-503 49 72 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-503 49 73 divisions division NOUN flr-503 49 74 of of ADP flr-503 49 75 students student NOUN flr-503 49 76 . . PUNCT flr-503 50 1 none none NOUN flr-503 50 2 of of ADP flr-503 50 3 these these DET flr-503 50 4 elements element NOUN flr-503 50 5 has have AUX flr-503 50 6 been be AUX flr-503 50 7 researched research VERB flr-503 50 8 earlier early ADV flr-503 50 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 51 1 as as SCONJ flr-503 51 2 we we PRON flr-503 51 3 could could AUX flr-503 51 4 not not PART flr-503 51 5 identify identify VERB flr-503 51 6 an an DET flr-503 51 7 appropriate appropriate ADJ flr-503 51 8 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 51 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 51 10 we we PRON flr-503 51 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 51 12 as as ADP flr-503 51 13 an an DET flr-503 51 14 initial initial ADJ flr-503 51 15 step step NOUN flr-503 51 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 51 17 adapted adapt VERB flr-503 51 18 an an DET flr-503 51 19 existing exist VERB flr-503 51 20 self self NOUN flr-503 51 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 51 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 51 23 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 51 24 to to PART flr-503 51 25 be be AUX flr-503 51 26 an an DET flr-503 51 27 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 51 28 of of ADP flr-503 51 29 pre pre ADJ flr-503 51 30 - - ADJ flr-503 51 31 academic academic ADJ flr-503 51 32 learning learning NOUN flr-503 51 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 51 34 exam exam NOUN flr-503 51 35 self self NOUN flr-503 51 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 51 37 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 51 38 . . PUNCT flr-503 52 1 the the DET flr-503 52 2 aims aim NOUN flr-503 52 3 of of ADP flr-503 52 4 the the DET flr-503 52 5 present present ADJ flr-503 52 6 study study NOUN flr-503 52 7 were be AUX flr-503 52 8 then then ADV flr-503 52 9 two two NUM flr-503 52 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 52 11 fold fold VERB flr-503 52 12 : : PUNCT flr-503 52 13 firstly firstly ADV flr-503 52 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 52 15 to to PART flr-503 52 16 conduct conduct VERB flr-503 52 17 a a DET flr-503 52 18 thorough thorough ADJ flr-503 52 19 investigation investigation NOUN flr-503 52 20 of of ADP flr-503 52 21 the the DET flr-503 52 22 construct construct NOUN flr-503 52 23 validity validity NOUN flr-503 52 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 52 25 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 52 26 properties property NOUN flr-503 52 27 of of ADP flr-503 52 28 the the DET flr-503 52 29 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 52 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 52 31 using use VERB flr-503 52 32 cutting cut VERB flr-503 52 33 edge edge NOUN flr-503 52 34 item item NOUN flr-503 52 35 response response NOUN flr-503 52 36 theory theory NOUN flr-503 52 37 models model NOUN flr-503 52 38 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 52 39 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 52 40 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 52 41 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 52 42 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 52 43 models model NOUN flr-503 52 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 53 1 these these PRON flr-503 53 2 are be AUX flr-503 53 3 models model NOUN flr-503 53 4 where where SCONJ flr-503 53 5 both both DET flr-503 53 6 differential differential ADJ flr-503 53 7 items item NOUN flr-503 53 8 functioning function VERB flr-503 53 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 53 10 a a DET flr-503 53 11 lack lack NOUN flr-503 53 12 of of ADP flr-503 53 13 local local ADJ flr-503 53 14 independence independence NOUN flr-503 53 15 between between ADP flr-503 53 16 items item NOUN flr-503 53 17 can can AUX flr-503 53 18 be be AUX flr-503 53 19 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 53 20 for for ADP flr-503 53 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 53 22 as as ADV flr-503 53 23 long long ADV flr-503 53 24 as as SCONJ flr-503 53 25 these these PRON flr-503 53 26 are be AUX flr-503 53 27 uniform uniform ADJ flr-503 53 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 53 29 in in ADP flr-503 53 30 order order NOUN flr-503 53 31 to to PART flr-503 53 32 obtain obtain VERB flr-503 53 33 unbiased unbiased ADJ flr-503 53 34 scores score NOUN flr-503 53 35 for for ADP flr-503 53 36 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 53 37 , , PUNCT flr-503 53 38 while while SCONJ flr-503 53 39 retaining retain VERB flr-503 53 40 sufficiency sufficiency NOUN flr-503 53 41 of of ADP flr-503 53 42 the the DET flr-503 53 43 summed sum VERB flr-503 53 44 score score NOUN flr-503 53 45 . . PUNCT flr-503 54 1 in in ADP flr-503 54 2 the the DET flr-503 54 3 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 54 4 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 54 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 54 6 we we PRON flr-503 54 7 included include VERB flr-503 54 8 investigations investigation NOUN flr-503 54 9 of of ADP flr-503 54 10 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 54 11 invariance invariance NOUN flr-503 54 12 across across ADP flr-503 54 13 both both DET flr-503 54 14 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 54 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 54 16 degree degree NOUN flr-503 54 17 programs program NOUN flr-503 54 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 54 19 other other ADJ flr-503 54 20 subgroupings subgrouping NOUN flr-503 54 21 of of ADP flr-503 54 22 students student NOUN flr-503 54 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 54 24 in in ADP flr-503 54 25 order order NOUN flr-503 54 26 to to PART flr-503 54 27 prevent prevent VERB flr-503 54 28 subsequent subsequent ADJ flr-503 54 29 confounding confounding NOUN flr-503 54 30 of of ADP flr-503 54 31 the the DET flr-503 54 32 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 54 33 between between ADP flr-503 54 34 pre pre ADJ flr-503 54 35 - - ADJ flr-503 54 36 academic academic ADJ flr-503 54 37 self self NOUN flr-503 54 38 - - PUNCT flr-503 54 39 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 54 40 and and CCONJ flr-503 54 41 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 54 42 by by ADP flr-503 54 43 institution institution NOUN flr-503 54 44 or or CCONJ flr-503 54 45 degree degree NOUN flr-503 54 46 program program NOUN flr-503 54 47 . . PUNCT flr-503 55 1 secondly secondly ADV flr-503 55 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 55 3 to to PART flr-503 55 4 employ employ VERB flr-503 55 5 the the DET flr-503 55 6 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 55 7 in in ADP flr-503 55 8 an an DET flr-503 55 9 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 55 10 of of ADP flr-503 55 11 the the DET flr-503 55 12 association association NOUN flr-503 55 13 between between ADP flr-503 55 14 the the DET flr-503 55 15 two two NUM flr-503 55 16 measures measure NOUN flr-503 55 17 of of ADP flr-503 55 18 pre pre ADJ flr-503 55 19 - - ADJ flr-503 55 20 academic academic ADJ flr-503 55 21 self self NOUN flr-503 55 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 55 23 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 55 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 55 25 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 55 26 within within ADP flr-503 55 27 the the DET flr-503 55 28 first first ADJ flr-503 55 29 half half ADJ flr-503 55 30 - - PUNCT flr-503 55 31 year year NOUN flr-503 55 32 . . PUNCT flr-503 56 1 more more ADV flr-503 56 2 specifically specifically ADV flr-503 56 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 56 4 we we PRON flr-503 56 5 investigated investigate VERB flr-503 56 6 the the DET flr-503 56 7 following follow VERB flr-503 56 8 research research NOUN flr-503 56 9 questions question NOUN flr-503 56 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 56 11 rq1 rq1 NOUN flr-503 56 12 : : PUNCT flr-503 56 13 is be AUX flr-503 56 14 it it PRON flr-503 56 15 possible possible ADJ flr-503 56 16 to to PART flr-503 56 17 obtain obtain VERB flr-503 56 18 valid valid ADJ flr-503 56 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 56 20 reliable reliable ADJ flr-503 56 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 56 22 well well ADV flr-503 56 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 56 24 targeted target VERB flr-503 56 25 measures measure NOUN flr-503 56 26 of of ADP flr-503 56 27 pre pre ADJ flr-503 56 28 - - ADJ flr-503 56 29 academic academic ADJ flr-503 56 30 learning learning NOUN flr-503 56 31 self self NOUN flr-503 56 32 - - PUNCT flr-503 56 33 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 56 34 and/or and/or CCONJ flr-503 56 35 pre pre ADJ flr-503 56 36 - - ADJ flr-503 56 37 academic academic ADJ flr-503 56 38 exam exam NOUN flr-503 56 39 self self NOUN flr-503 56 40 - - PUNCT flr-503 56 41 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 56 42 of of ADP flr-503 56 43 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ flr-503 56 44 higher high ADJ flr-503 56 45 education education NOUN flr-503 56 46 students student NOUN flr-503 56 47 after after ADP flr-503 56 48 admission admission NOUN flr-503 56 49 and and CCONJ flr-503 56 50 prior prior ADV flr-503 56 51 to to ADP flr-503 56 52 commencing commence VERB flr-503 56 53 education education NOUN flr-503 56 54 , , PUNCT flr-503 56 55 across across ADP flr-503 56 56 multiple multiple ADJ flr-503 56 57 degree degree NOUN flr-503 56 58 programs program NOUN flr-503 56 59 and and CCONJ flr-503 56 60 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 56 61 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 57 1 in in ADP flr-503 57 2 these these DET flr-503 57 3 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 57 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 57 5 a a DET flr-503 57 6 major major ADJ flr-503 57 7 focus focus NOUN flr-503 57 8 was be AUX flr-503 57 9 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 57 10 invariance invariance NOUN flr-503 57 11 in in ADP flr-503 57 12 relation relation NOUN flr-503 57 13 to to PART flr-503 57 14 degree degree VERB flr-503 57 15 programs program NOUN flr-503 57 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 57 17 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 57 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 57 19 as as ADV flr-503 57 20 well well ADV flr-503 57 21 as as ADP flr-503 57 22 across across ADP flr-503 57 23 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 57 24 of of ADP flr-503 57 25 students student NOUN flr-503 57 26 defined define VERB flr-503 57 27 by by ADP flr-503 57 28 gender gender NOUN flr-503 57 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 57 30 age age NOUN flr-503 57 31 , , PUNCT flr-503 57 32 and and CCONJ flr-503 57 33 priority priority NOUN flr-503 57 34 of of ADP flr-503 57 35 program program NOUN flr-503 57 36 at at ADP flr-503 57 37 the the DET flr-503 57 38 time time NOUN flr-503 57 39 of of ADP flr-503 57 40 application application NOUN flr-503 57 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 58 1 for for SCONJ flr-503 58 2 student student NOUN flr-503 58 3 groups group NOUN flr-503 58 4 where where SCONJ flr-503 58 5 psychometrically psychometrically ADV flr-503 58 6 sound sound VERB flr-503 58 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 58 8 invariant invariant ADJ flr-503 58 9 measures measure NOUN flr-503 58 10 of of ADP flr-503 58 11 self self NOUN flr-503 58 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 58 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 58 14 could could AUX flr-503 58 15 be be AUX flr-503 58 16 established establish VERB flr-503 58 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 58 18 we we PRON flr-503 58 19 also also ADV flr-503 58 20 investigated investigate VERB flr-503 58 21 the the DET flr-503 58 22 research research NOUN flr-503 58 23 question question NOUN flr-503 58 24 : : PUNCT flr-503 58 25 rq2 rq2 NOUN flr-503 58 26 : : PUNCT flr-503 58 27 how how SCONJ flr-503 58 28 is be AUX flr-503 58 29 pre pre ADJ flr-503 58 30 - - ADJ flr-503 58 31 academic academic ADJ flr-503 58 32 self self NOUN flr-503 58 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 58 34 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 58 35 at at ADP flr-503 58 36 admission admission NOUN flr-503 58 37 associated associate VERB flr-503 58 38 with with ADP flr-503 58 39 half half ADJ flr-503 58 40 - - PUNCT flr-503 58 41 year year NOUN flr-503 58 42 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 58 43 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 59 1 how how SCONJ flr-503 59 2 is be AUX flr-503 59 3 this this DET flr-503 59 4 association association NOUN flr-503 59 5 between between ADP flr-503 59 6 pre pre ADJ flr-503 59 7 - - ADJ flr-503 59 8 academic academic ADJ flr-503 59 9 self self NOUN flr-503 59 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 59 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 59 12 and and CCONJ flr-503 59 13 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 59 14 changed change VERB flr-503 59 15 when when SCONJ flr-503 59 16 variation variation NOUN flr-503 59 17 between between ADP flr-503 59 18 educational educational ADJ flr-503 59 19 programs program NOUN flr-503 59 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 59 21 individual individual ADJ flr-503 59 22 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 59 23 are be AUX flr-503 59 24 taken take VERB flr-503 59 25 into into ADP flr-503 59 26 account account NOUN flr-503 59 27 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 60 1 and and CCONJ flr-503 60 2 how how SCONJ flr-503 60 3 can can AUX flr-503 60 4 these these DET flr-503 60 5 results result NOUN flr-503 60 6 be be AUX flr-503 60 7 interpreted interpret VERB flr-503 60 8 in in ADP flr-503 60 9 terms term NOUN flr-503 60 10 of of ADP flr-503 60 11 causality causality NOUN flr-503 60 12 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 61 1 2 2 X flr-503 61 2 . . X flr-503 61 3 methods method NOUN flr-503 61 4 2.1 2.1 NUM flr-503 61 5 data datum NOUN flr-503 61 6 the the DET flr-503 61 7 data datum NOUN flr-503 61 8 for for ADP flr-503 61 9 the the DET flr-503 61 10 current current ADJ flr-503 61 11 study study NOUN flr-503 61 12 was be AUX flr-503 61 13 collected collect VERB flr-503 61 14 by by ADP flr-503 61 15 the the DET flr-503 61 16 national national PROPN flr-503 61 17 evaluation evaluation PROPN flr-503 61 18 institute institute PROPN flr-503 61 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 61 20 eva eva PROPN flr-503 61 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 61 22 within within ADP flr-503 61 23 the the DET flr-503 61 24 framework framework NOUN flr-503 61 25 of of ADP flr-503 61 26 the the DET flr-503 61 27 ongoing ongoing ADJ flr-503 61 28 national national ADJ flr-503 61 29 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ flr-503 61 30 panel panel NOUN flr-503 61 31 on on ADP flr-503 61 32 student student NOUN flr-503 61 33 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 61 34 encompassing encompass VERB flr-503 61 35 several several ADJ flr-503 61 36 year year NOUN flr-503 61 37 cohorts cohort NOUN flr-503 61 38 of of ADP flr-503 61 39 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ flr-503 61 40 students student NOUN flr-503 61 41 admitted admit VERB flr-503 61 42 to to ADP flr-503 61 43 higher high ADJ flr-503 61 44 education education NOUN flr-503 61 45 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 61 46 he he PRON flr-503 61 47 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 61 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 62 1 this this DET flr-503 62 2 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 62 3 panel panel NOUN flr-503 62 4 is be AUX flr-503 62 5 conducted conduct VERB flr-503 62 6 in in ADP flr-503 62 7 the the DET flr-503 62 8 population population NOUN flr-503 62 9 of of ADP flr-503 62 10 students student NOUN flr-503 62 11 admitted admit VERB flr-503 62 12 to to ADP flr-503 62 13 he he PRON flr-503 62 14 degree degree NOUN flr-503 62 15 programs program NOUN flr-503 62 16 through through ADP flr-503 62 17 the the DET flr-503 62 18 coordinated coordinated ADJ flr-503 62 19 admission admission NOUN flr-503 62 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 62 21 kot kot PROPN flr-503 62 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 62 23 in in ADP flr-503 62 24 denmark denmark NOUN flr-503 62 25 . . PUNCT flr-503 63 1 among among ADP flr-503 63 2 students student NOUN flr-503 63 3 who who PRON flr-503 63 4 were be AUX flr-503 63 5 admitted admit VERB flr-503 63 6 to to ADP flr-503 63 7 a a DET flr-503 63 8 higher high ADJ flr-503 63 9 educational educational ADJ flr-503 63 10 program program NOUN flr-503 63 11 in in ADP flr-503 63 12 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 63 13 a a DET flr-503 63 14 cohort cohort NOUN flr-503 63 15 of of ADP flr-503 63 16 students student NOUN flr-503 63 17 participate participate VERB flr-503 63 18 in in ADP flr-503 63 19 a a DET flr-503 63 20 total total NOUN flr-503 63 21 of of ADP flr-503 63 22 four four NUM flr-503 63 23 waves wave NOUN flr-503 63 24 of of ADP flr-503 63 25 data datum NOUN flr-503 63 26 collection collection NOUN flr-503 63 27 time time NOUN flr-503 63 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 63 29 wise wise ADJ flr-503 63 30 spanning span VERB flr-503 63 31 from from ADP flr-503 63 32 admission admission NOUN flr-503 63 33 notice notice NOUN flr-503 63 34 to to ADP flr-503 63 35 13 13 NUM flr-503 63 36 months month NOUN flr-503 63 37 after after ADP flr-503 63 38 commencing commence VERB flr-503 63 39 the the DET flr-503 63 40 degree degree NOUN flr-503 63 41 program program NOUN flr-503 63 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 64 1 student student NOUN flr-503 64 2 participation participation NOUN flr-503 64 3 was be AUX flr-503 64 4 solicited solicit VERB flr-503 64 5 through through ADP flr-503 64 6 the the DET flr-503 64 7 national national ADJ flr-503 64 8 digital digital ADJ flr-503 64 9 mail mail NOUN flr-503 64 10 system system NOUN flr-503 64 11 [ [ X flr-503 64 12 e e NOUN flr-503 64 13 - - NOUN flr-503 64 14 boks bok NOUN flr-503 64 15 ] ] PUNCT flr-503 64 16 in in ADP flr-503 64 17 the the DET flr-503 64 18 first first ADJ flr-503 64 19 wave wave NOUN flr-503 64 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 64 21 where where SCONJ flr-503 64 22 consent consent NOUN flr-503 64 23 was be AUX flr-503 64 24 also also ADV flr-503 64 25 given give VERB flr-503 64 26 . . PUNCT flr-503 65 1 data datum NOUN flr-503 65 2 was be AUX flr-503 65 3 collected collect VERB flr-503 65 4 during during ADP flr-503 65 5 two two NUM flr-503 65 6 weeks week NOUN flr-503 65 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 65 8 starting start VERB flr-503 65 9 10 10 NUM flr-503 65 10 days day NOUN flr-503 65 11 after after SCONJ flr-503 65 12 students student NOUN flr-503 65 13 had have AUX flr-503 65 14 received receive VERB flr-503 65 15 their their PRON flr-503 65 16 admittance admittance NOUN flr-503 65 17 letter letter NOUN flr-503 65 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 65 19 ending end VERB flr-503 65 20 before before ADP flr-503 65 21 commencement commencement NOUN flr-503 65 22 of of ADP flr-503 65 23 the the DET flr-503 65 24 he he PROPN flr-503 65 25 programs program NOUN flr-503 65 26 in in ADP flr-503 65 27 denmark denmark NOUN flr-503 65 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 66 1 the the DET flr-503 66 2 first first ADJ flr-503 66 3 wave wave NOUN flr-503 66 4 for for ADP flr-503 66 5 the the DET flr-503 66 6 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 66 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 66 8 cohort cohort NOUN flr-503 66 9 included include VERB flr-503 66 10 the the DET flr-503 66 11 two two NUM flr-503 66 12 scales scale NOUN flr-503 66 13 intended intend VERB flr-503 66 14 to to PART flr-503 66 15 measure measure VERB flr-503 66 16 academic academic ADJ flr-503 66 17 learning learning NOUN flr-503 66 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 66 19 exam exam NOUN flr-503 66 20 self self NOUN flr-503 66 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 66 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 66 23 in in ADP flr-503 66 24 relation relation NOUN flr-503 66 25 to to ADP flr-503 66 26 the the DET flr-503 66 27 students†students†NOUN flr-503 66 28 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 66 29 future future ADJ flr-503 66 30 first first ADJ flr-503 66 31 semester semester NOUN flr-503 66 32 courses course NOUN flr-503 66 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 66 34 which which PRON flr-503 66 35 are be AUX flr-503 66 36 utilized utilize VERB flr-503 66 37 in in ADP flr-503 66 38 the the DET flr-503 66 39 current current ADJ flr-503 66 40 study study NOUN flr-503 66 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 67 1 sample sample NOUN flr-503 67 2 selection selection NOUN flr-503 67 3 criteria criterion NOUN flr-503 67 4 : : PUNCT flr-503 67 5 1 1 X flr-503 67 6 . . X flr-503 68 1 for for ADP flr-503 68 2 validity validity NOUN flr-503 68 3 studies study NOUN flr-503 68 4 of of ADP flr-503 68 5 new new ADJ flr-503 68 6 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 68 7 scales scale VERB flr-503 68 8 or or CCONJ flr-503 68 9 adapted adapt VERB flr-503 68 10 versions version NOUN flr-503 68 11 of of ADP flr-503 68 12 existing exist VERB flr-503 68 13 scales scale NOUN flr-503 68 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 68 15 it it PRON flr-503 68 16 is be AUX flr-503 68 17 desirable desirable ADJ flr-503 68 18 to to PART flr-503 68 19 employ employ VERB flr-503 68 20 a a DET flr-503 68 21 controlled control VERB flr-503 68 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 68 23 maximally maximally ADV flr-503 68 24 comparable comparable ADJ flr-503 68 25 data data NOUN flr-503 68 26 sample sample NOUN flr-503 68 27 across across ADP flr-503 68 28 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 68 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 68 30 in in ADP flr-503 68 31 order order NOUN flr-503 68 32 to to PART flr-503 68 33 be be AUX flr-503 68 34 able able ADJ flr-503 68 35 to to PART flr-503 68 36 identify identify VERB flr-503 68 37 properly properly ADV flr-503 68 38 the the DET flr-503 68 39 source source NOUN flr-503 68 40 of of ADP flr-503 68 41 any any DET flr-503 68 42 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 68 43 issues issue NOUN flr-503 68 44 arising arise VERB flr-503 68 45 . . PUNCT flr-503 69 1 the the DET flr-503 69 2 current current ADJ flr-503 69 3 sample sample NOUN flr-503 69 4 was be AUX flr-503 69 5 thus thus ADV flr-503 69 6 selected select VERB flr-503 69 7 from from ADP flr-503 69 8 the the DET flr-503 69 9 first first ADJ flr-503 69 10 wave wave NOUN flr-503 69 11 of of ADP flr-503 69 12 data datum NOUN flr-503 69 13 from from ADP flr-503 69 14 the the DET flr-503 69 15 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 69 16 cohort cohort NOUN flr-503 69 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 69 18 c.f c.f PROPN flr-503 69 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 70 1 the the DET flr-503 70 2 above above ADJ flr-503 70 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 70 4 as as ADP flr-503 70 5 student student NOUN flr-503 70 6 cases case NOUN flr-503 70 7 with with ADP flr-503 70 8 complete complete ADJ flr-503 70 9 self self NOUN flr-503 70 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 70 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 70 12 data datum NOUN flr-503 70 13 which which PRON flr-503 70 14 fulfilled fulfil VERB flr-503 70 15 three three NUM flr-503 70 16 a a PRON flr-503 70 17 - - PUNCT flr-503 70 18 priori priori ADJ flr-503 70 19 criteria criterion NOUN flr-503 70 20 : : PUNCT flr-503 71 1 2 2 X flr-503 71 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 71 3 students student NOUN flr-503 71 4 who who PRON flr-503 71 5 were be AUX flr-503 71 6 admitted admit VERB flr-503 71 7 to to ADP flr-503 71 8 the the DET flr-503 71 9 two two NUM flr-503 71 10 largest large ADJ flr-503 71 11 universities university NOUN flr-503 71 12 in in ADP flr-503 71 13 denmark denmark NOUN flr-503 71 14 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 71 15 the the DET flr-503 71 16 university university NOUN flr-503 71 17 of of ADP flr-503 71 18 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 71 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 71 20 ucph ucph PROPN flr-503 71 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 71 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 71 23 the the DET flr-503 71 24 university university NOUN flr-503 71 25 of of ADP flr-503 71 26 aarhus aarhus PROPN flr-503 71 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 71 28 uaa uaa PROPN flr-503 71 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 71 30 for for ADP flr-503 71 31 the the DET flr-503 71 32 summer summer NOUN flr-503 71 33 start start NOUN flr-503 71 34 of of ADP flr-503 71 35 programs program NOUN flr-503 71 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 71 37 3 3 X flr-503 71 38 . . PUNCT flr-503 71 39 academic academic ADJ flr-503 71 40 programs program NOUN flr-503 71 41 existing exist VERB flr-503 71 42 at at ADP flr-503 71 43 both both DET flr-503 71 44 universities university NOUN flr-503 71 45 , , PUNCT flr-503 71 46 4 4 NUM flr-503 71 47 . . PUNCT flr-503 71 48 academic academic ADJ flr-503 71 49 programs program NOUN flr-503 71 50 who who PRON flr-503 71 51 admitted admit VERB flr-503 71 52 at at ADP flr-503 71 53 least least ADV flr-503 71 54 200 200 NUM flr-503 71 55 students student NOUN flr-503 71 56 in in ADP flr-503 71 57 one one NUM flr-503 71 58 of of ADP flr-503 71 59 the the DET flr-503 71 60 included include VERB flr-503 71 61 universities university NOUN flr-503 71 62 . . PUNCT flr-503 72 1 however however ADV flr-503 72 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 72 3 as as SCONJ flr-503 72 4 the the DET flr-503 72 5 initial initial ADJ flr-503 72 6 selection selection NOUN flr-503 72 7 of of ADP flr-503 72 8 programs program NOUN flr-503 72 9 did do AUX flr-503 72 10 not not PART flr-503 72 11 include include VERB flr-503 72 12 any any PRON flr-503 72 13 from from ADP flr-503 72 14 the the DET flr-503 72 15 faculty faculty NOUN flr-503 72 16 of of ADP flr-503 72 17 arts art NOUN flr-503 72 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 72 19 we we PRON flr-503 72 20 decided decide VERB flr-503 72 21 to to PART flr-503 72 22 include include VERB flr-503 72 23 also also ADV flr-503 72 24 the the DET flr-503 72 25 largest large ADJ flr-503 72 26 language language NOUN flr-503 72 27 and and CCONJ flr-503 72 28 largest large ADJ flr-503 72 29 “other “other ADJ flr-503 72 30 humanities†humanities†ADP flr-503 72 31 � � PROPN flr-503 72 32 programs program NOUN flr-503 72 33 as as ADV flr-503 72 34 well well ADV flr-503 72 35 . . PUNCT flr-503 73 1 2.1.2 2.1.2 NUM flr-503 73 2 the the DET flr-503 73 3 current current ADJ flr-503 73 4 data data NOUN flr-503 73 5 sample sample NOUN flr-503 73 6 the the DET flr-503 73 7 resulting result VERB flr-503 73 8 data datum NOUN flr-503 73 9 sample sample NOUN flr-503 73 10 consisted consist VERB flr-503 73 11 of of ADP flr-503 73 12 complete complete ADJ flr-503 73 13 self self NOUN flr-503 73 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 73 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 73 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 73 17 background background NOUN flr-503 73 18 information information NOUN flr-503 73 19 from from ADP flr-503 73 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 73 21 on on ADP flr-503 73 22 average average ADJ flr-503 73 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 73 24 54 54 NUM flr-503 73 25 % % NOUN flr-503 73 26 of of ADP flr-503 73 27 the the DET flr-503 73 28 students student NOUN flr-503 73 29 admitted admit VERB flr-503 73 30 to to ADP flr-503 73 31 nine nine NUM flr-503 73 32 large large ADJ flr-503 73 33 academic academic ADJ flr-503 73 34 programs program NOUN flr-503 73 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 73 36 table table NOUN flr-503 73 37 1 1 NUM flr-503 73 38 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 73 39 . . PUNCT flr-503 74 1 table table NOUN flr-503 74 2 1 1 NUM flr-503 74 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 75 1 distribution distribution NOUN flr-503 75 2 of of ADP flr-503 75 3 the the DET flr-503 75 4 study study NOUN flr-503 75 5 sample sample NOUN flr-503 75 6 on on ADP flr-503 75 7 institution institution NOUN flr-503 75 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 75 9 degree degree NOUN flr-503 75 10 programs program NOUN flr-503 75 11 notes note VERB flr-503 75 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 76 1 a a PRON flr-503 76 2 of of ADP flr-503 76 3 the the DET flr-503 76 4 2777 2777 NUM flr-503 76 5 students student NOUN flr-503 76 6 from from ADP flr-503 76 7 the the DET flr-503 76 8 included include VERB flr-503 76 9 programs program NOUN flr-503 76 10 who who PRON flr-503 76 11 responded respond VERB flr-503 76 12 to to ADP flr-503 76 13 the the DET flr-503 76 14 survey survey NOUN flr-503 76 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 76 16 91 91 NUM flr-503 76 17 had have AUX flr-503 76 18 completely completely ADV flr-503 76 19 missing miss VERB flr-503 76 20 self self NOUN flr-503 76 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 76 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 76 23 data datum NOUN flr-503 76 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 77 1 of of ADP flr-503 77 2 these these PRON flr-503 77 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 77 4 56 56 NUM flr-503 77 5 were be AUX flr-503 77 6 from from ADP flr-503 77 7 the the DET flr-503 77 8 university university NOUN flr-503 77 9 of of ADP flr-503 77 10 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 77 11 and and CCONJ flr-503 77 12 35 35 NUM flr-503 77 13 from from ADP flr-503 77 14 the the DET flr-503 77 15 university university NOUN flr-503 77 16 of of ADP flr-503 77 17 aarhus aarhus PROPN flr-503 77 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 77 19 which which PRON flr-503 77 20 was be AUX flr-503 77 21 not not PART flr-503 77 22 a a DET flr-503 77 23 significant significant ADJ flr-503 77 24 difference difference NOUN flr-503 77 25 across across ADP flr-503 77 26 universities university NOUN flr-503 77 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 77 28 fischer†fischer†PROPN flr-503 77 29 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 77 30 s s PART flr-503 77 31 exact exact ADJ flr-503 77 32 ï ï X flr-503 77 33 � � PROPN flr-503 77 34 £2 £2 NOUN flr-503 77 35 1,219 1,219 NUM flr-503 77 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 77 37 df df PROPN flr-503 77 38 1 1 NUM flr-503 77 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 77 40 p p NOUN flr-503 77 41 = = NOUN flr-503 77 42 0.285 0.285 NUM flr-503 77 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 77 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 78 1 looking look VERB flr-503 78 2 further far ADV flr-503 78 3 into into ADP flr-503 78 4 the the DET flr-503 78 5 pattern pattern NOUN flr-503 78 6 of of ADP flr-503 78 7 missing miss VERB flr-503 78 8 data datum NOUN flr-503 78 9 in in ADP flr-503 78 10 each each PRON flr-503 78 11 of of ADP flr-503 78 12 the the DET flr-503 78 13 18 18 NUM flr-503 78 14 programs program NOUN flr-503 78 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 78 16 we we PRON flr-503 78 17 found find VERB flr-503 78 18 that that SCONJ flr-503 78 19 between between ADP flr-503 78 20 0 0 NUM flr-503 78 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 78 22 11 11 NUM flr-503 78 23 students student NOUN flr-503 78 24 had have AUX flr-503 78 25 missing miss VERB flr-503 78 26 self self NOUN flr-503 78 27 - - PUNCT flr-503 78 28 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 78 29 data datum NOUN flr-503 78 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 78 31 with with ADP flr-503 78 32 the the DET flr-503 78 33 highest high ADJ flr-503 78 34 numbers number NOUN flr-503 78 35 being be AUX flr-503 78 36 in in ADP flr-503 78 37 the the DET flr-503 78 38 largest large ADJ flr-503 78 39 programs program NOUN flr-503 78 40 . . PUNCT flr-503 79 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 79 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 79 3 the the DET flr-503 79 4 missing miss VERB flr-503 79 5 pattern pattern NOUN flr-503 79 6 appears appear VERB flr-503 79 7 to to PART flr-503 79 8 be be AUX flr-503 79 9 random random ADJ flr-503 79 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 80 1 the the DET flr-503 80 2 91 91 NUM flr-503 80 3 cases case NOUN flr-503 80 4 were be AUX flr-503 80 5 excluded exclude VERB flr-503 80 6 from from ADP flr-503 80 7 the the DET flr-503 80 8 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 80 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 80 10 which which PRON flr-503 80 11 was be AUX flr-503 80 12 thus thus ADV flr-503 80 13 done do VERB flr-503 80 14 on on ADP flr-503 80 15 2686 2686 NUM flr-503 80 16 students student NOUN flr-503 80 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 81 1 the the DET flr-503 81 2 university university PROPN flr-503 81 3 of of ADP flr-503 81 4 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 81 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 81 6 ucph ucph PROPN flr-503 81 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 81 8 sample sample NOUN flr-503 81 9 consisted consist VERB flr-503 81 10 of of ADP flr-503 81 11 1496 1496 NUM flr-503 81 12 students student NOUN flr-503 81 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 82 1 their their PRON flr-503 82 2 mean mean ADJ flr-503 82 3 age age NOUN flr-503 82 4 was be AUX flr-503 82 5 21.7 21.7 NUM flr-503 82 6 years year NOUN flr-503 82 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 82 8 sd sd ADP flr-503 82 9 4.8 4.8 NUM flr-503 82 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 82 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 82 12 61.3 61.3 NUM flr-503 82 13 % % NOUN flr-503 82 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 82 15 n n NOUN flr-503 82 16 = = SYM flr-503 82 17 917 917 NUM flr-503 82 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 82 19 were be AUX flr-503 82 20 women woman NOUN flr-503 82 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 82 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 83 1 92.5 92.5 NUM flr-503 83 2 % % NOUN flr-503 83 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 83 4 n n NOUN flr-503 83 5 = = SYM flr-503 83 6 1384 1384 NUM flr-503 83 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 83 8 were be AUX flr-503 83 9 admitted admit VERB flr-503 83 10 to to ADP flr-503 83 11 the the DET flr-503 83 12 academic academic ADJ flr-503 83 13 program program NOUN flr-503 83 14 that that PRON flr-503 83 15 was be AUX flr-503 83 16 their their PRON flr-503 83 17 first first ADJ flr-503 83 18 priority priority NOUN flr-503 83 19 when when SCONJ flr-503 83 20 they they PRON flr-503 83 21 applied apply VERB flr-503 83 22 . . PUNCT flr-503 84 1 the the DET flr-503 84 2 university university PROPN flr-503 84 3 of of ADP flr-503 84 4 aarhus aarhus PROPN flr-503 84 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 84 6 uaa uaa PROPN flr-503 84 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 84 8 sample sample NOUN flr-503 84 9 consisted consist VERB flr-503 84 10 of of ADP flr-503 84 11 1190 1190 NUM flr-503 84 12 students student NOUN flr-503 84 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 85 1 their their PRON flr-503 85 2 mean mean ADJ flr-503 85 3 age age NOUN flr-503 85 4 was be AUX flr-503 85 5 21.2 21.2 NUM flr-503 85 6 years year NOUN flr-503 85 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 85 8 sd sd ADP flr-503 85 9 3.2 3.2 NUM flr-503 85 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 85 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 85 12 59.5 59.5 NUM flr-503 85 13 % % NOUN flr-503 85 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 85 15 n n NOUN flr-503 85 16 = = SYM flr-503 85 17 708 708 NUM flr-503 85 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 85 19 were be AUX flr-503 85 20 women woman NOUN flr-503 85 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 85 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 85 23 92.1 92.1 NUM flr-503 85 24 % % NOUN flr-503 85 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 85 26 n n NOUN flr-503 85 27 = = SYM flr-503 85 28 1096 1096 NUM flr-503 85 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 85 30 were be AUX flr-503 85 31 admitted admit VERB flr-503 85 32 to to ADP flr-503 85 33 the the DET flr-503 85 34 academic academic ADJ flr-503 85 35 program program NOUN flr-503 85 36 that that PRON flr-503 85 37 was be AUX flr-503 85 38 their their PRON flr-503 85 39 first first ADJ flr-503 85 40 priority priority NOUN flr-503 85 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 86 1 2.2 2.2 NUM flr-503 86 2 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 86 3 & & CCONJ flr-503 86 4 administration administration PROPN flr-503 86 5 the the DET flr-503 86 6 self self NOUN flr-503 86 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 86 8 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 86 9 scales scale NOUN flr-503 86 10 employed employ VERB flr-503 86 11 in in ADP flr-503 86 12 the the DET flr-503 86 13 current current ADJ flr-503 86 14 study study NOUN flr-503 86 15 was be AUX flr-503 86 16 adapted adapt VERB flr-503 86 17 from from ADP flr-503 86 18 the the DET flr-503 86 19 specific specific ADJ flr-503 86 20 academic academic ADJ flr-503 86 21 learning learning NOUN flr-503 86 22 self self NOUN flr-503 86 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 86 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 86 25 scale scale NOUN flr-503 86 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 86 27 sal sal NOUN flr-503 86 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 86 29 se se X flr-503 86 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 86 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 86 32 specific specific ADJ flr-503 86 33 academic academic ADJ flr-503 86 34 exam exam NOUN flr-503 86 35 self self NOUN flr-503 86 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 86 37 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 86 38 scale scale NOUN flr-503 86 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 86 40 sae sae PROPN flr-503 86 41 - - PROPN flr-503 86 42 se se X flr-503 86 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 86 44 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 86 45 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 86 46 et et PROPN flr-503 86 47 al al PROPN flr-503 86 48 . . PROPN flr-503 86 49 , , PUNCT flr-503 86 50 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 86 51 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 86 52 . . PUNCT flr-503 87 1 the the DET flr-503 87 2 sal sal PROPN flr-503 87 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 87 4 se se PROPN flr-503 87 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 87 6 the the DET flr-503 87 7 sae sae PROPN flr-503 87 8 - - PROPN flr-503 87 9 se se PROPN flr-503 87 10 scales scale NOUN flr-503 87 11 are be AUX flr-503 87 12 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 87 13 of of ADP flr-503 87 14 the the DET flr-503 87 15 self self NOUN flr-503 87 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 87 17 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 87 18 scale scale NOUN flr-503 87 19 in in ADP flr-503 87 20 the the DET flr-503 87 21 motivated motivated ADJ flr-503 87 22 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 87 23 for for ADP flr-503 87 24 learning learn VERB flr-503 87 25 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-503 87 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 87 27 mslq mslq NOUN flr-503 87 28 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 87 29 pintrich pintrich NOUN flr-503 87 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 87 31 smith smith PROPN flr-503 87 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 87 33 garcia garcia PROPN flr-503 87 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 87 35 & & CCONJ flr-503 87 36 mckeachie mckeachie NOUN flr-503 87 37 , , PUNCT flr-503 87 38 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 87 39 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 87 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 87 41 translated translate VERB flr-503 87 42 into into ADP flr-503 87 43 danish danish PROPN flr-503 87 44 and and CCONJ flr-503 87 45 with with ADP flr-503 87 46 an an DET flr-503 87 47 adapted adapt VERB flr-503 87 48 response response NOUN flr-503 87 49 scale scale NOUN flr-503 87 50 . . PUNCT flr-503 88 1 the the DET flr-503 88 2 mslq mslq PROPN flr-503 88 3 is be AUX flr-503 88 4 intended intend VERB flr-503 88 5 to to PART flr-503 88 6 measure measure VERB flr-503 88 7 students†students†ADP flr-503 88 8 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 88 9 motivational motivational ADJ flr-503 88 10 orientation orientation NOUN flr-503 88 11 and and CCONJ flr-503 88 12 learning learning NOUN flr-503 88 13 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 88 14 in in ADP flr-503 88 15 high high ADJ flr-503 88 16 school school NOUN flr-503 88 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 88 18 he he PRON flr-503 88 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 88 20 pintrich pintrich NOUN flr-503 88 21 et et PROPN flr-503 88 22 al al PROPN flr-503 88 23 . . PROPN flr-503 88 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 88 25 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 88 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 88 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 88 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 88 29 has have AUX flr-503 88 30 been be AUX flr-503 88 31 widely widely ADV flr-503 88 32 used use VERB flr-503 88 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 88 34 translated translate VERB flr-503 88 35 into into ADP flr-503 88 36 several several ADJ flr-503 88 37 other other ADJ flr-503 88 38 languages language NOUN flr-503 88 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 88 40 credã credã NOUN flr-503 88 41 © © PROPN flr-503 88 42 & & CCONJ flr-503 88 43 philips philips PROPN flr-503 88 44 , , PUNCT flr-503 88 45 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 88 46 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 88 47 duncan duncan PROPN flr-503 88 48 & & CCONJ flr-503 88 49 mckeachie mckeachie PROPN flr-503 88 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 88 51 2005 2005 NUM flr-503 88 52 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 88 53 . . PUNCT flr-503 89 1 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 89 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 89 3 colleagues colleague NOUN flr-503 89 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 89 5 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 89 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 89 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 89 8 with with ADP flr-503 89 9 samples sample NOUN flr-503 89 10 of of ADP flr-503 89 11 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 89 12 students student NOUN flr-503 89 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 89 14 found find VERB flr-503 89 15 that that SCONJ flr-503 89 16 the the DET flr-503 89 17 sal sal PROPN flr-503 89 18 - - PUNCT flr-503 89 19 se se PROPN flr-503 89 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 89 21 the the DET flr-503 89 22 sae sae PROPN flr-503 89 23 - - PROPN flr-503 89 24 se se PROPN flr-503 89 25 scales scale VERB flr-503 89 26 each each PRON flr-503 89 27 fit fit ADJ flr-503 89 28 a a DET flr-503 89 29 rasch rasch ADJ flr-503 89 30 model model NOUN flr-503 89 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 89 32 as as ADP flr-503 89 33 such such DET flr-503 89 34 the the DET flr-503 89 35 sum sum NOUN flr-503 89 36 scores score NOUN flr-503 89 37 of of ADP flr-503 89 38 each each DET flr-503 89 39 scale scale NOUN flr-503 89 40 are be AUX flr-503 89 41 sufficient sufficient ADJ flr-503 89 42 statistics statistic NOUN flr-503 89 43 for for ADP flr-503 89 44 the the DET flr-503 89 45 latent latent PROPN flr-503 89 46 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 89 47 score score NOUN flr-503 89 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 90 1 it it PRON flr-503 90 2 was be AUX flr-503 90 3 clearly clearly ADV flr-503 90 4 rejected reject VERB flr-503 90 5 that that SCONJ flr-503 90 6 the the DET flr-503 90 7 two two NUM flr-503 90 8 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 90 9 formed form VERB flr-503 90 10 a a DET flr-503 90 11 single single ADJ flr-503 90 12 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ flr-503 90 13 scale scale NOUN flr-503 90 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 91 1 both both CCONJ flr-503 91 2 the the DET flr-503 91 3 sal sal PROPN flr-503 91 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 91 5 se se PROPN flr-503 91 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 91 7 the the DET flr-503 91 8 sae sae PROPN flr-503 91 9 - - PROPN flr-503 91 10 se se PROPN flr-503 91 11 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 91 12 had have VERB flr-503 91 13 sufficient sufficient ADJ flr-503 91 14 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 91 15 for for SCONJ flr-503 91 16 the the DET flr-503 91 17 investigated investigate VERB flr-503 91 18 samples sample NOUN flr-503 91 19 to to PART flr-503 91 20 be be AUX flr-503 91 21 used use VERB flr-503 91 22 both both PRON flr-503 91 23 in in ADP flr-503 91 24 surveys survey NOUN flr-503 91 25 at at ADP flr-503 91 26 the the DET flr-503 91 27 group group NOUN flr-503 91 28 level level NOUN flr-503 91 29 and and CCONJ flr-503 91 30 to to PART flr-503 91 31 assess assess VERB flr-503 91 32 the the DET flr-503 91 33 se se PROPN flr-503 91 34 levels level NOUN flr-503 91 35 of of ADP flr-503 91 36 individual individual ADJ flr-503 91 37 students student NOUN flr-503 91 38 as as SCONJ flr-503 91 39 intended intend VERB flr-503 91 40 with with ADP flr-503 91 41 the the DET flr-503 91 42 mslq mslq PROPN flr-503 91 43 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 91 44 sal sal NOUN flr-503 91 45 - - PUNCT flr-503 91 46 se se NOUN flr-503 91 47 r r NOUN flr-503 91 48 = = SYM flr-503 91 49 .87 .87 PROPN flr-503 91 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 91 51 sae sae PROPN flr-503 91 52 - - PROPN flr-503 91 53 se se ADJ flr-503 91 54 r r NOUN flr-503 91 55 = = SYM flr-503 91 56 .89 .89 NUM flr-503 91 57 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 91 58 . . PUNCT flr-503 92 1 targeting target VERB flr-503 92 2 of of ADP flr-503 92 3 the the DET flr-503 92 4 sal sal NOUN flr-503 92 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 92 6 se se PROPN flr-503 92 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 92 8 the the DET flr-503 92 9 sae sae PROPN flr-503 92 10 - - PROPN flr-503 92 11 se se ADJ flr-503 92 12 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 92 13 to to ADP flr-503 92 14 the the DET flr-503 92 15 sample sample NOUN flr-503 92 16 of of ADP flr-503 92 17 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 92 18 students student NOUN flr-503 92 19 were be AUX flr-503 92 20 not not PART flr-503 92 21 optimal optimal ADJ flr-503 92 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 92 23 in in ADP flr-503 92 24 the the DET flr-503 92 25 sense sense NOUN flr-503 92 26 that that SCONJ flr-503 92 27 students student NOUN flr-503 92 28 were be AUX flr-503 92 29 located locate VERB flr-503 92 30 more more ADJ flr-503 92 31 towards towards ADP flr-503 92 32 the the DET flr-503 92 33 higher high ADJ flr-503 92 34 end end NOUN flr-503 92 35 of of ADP flr-503 92 36 the the DET flr-503 92 37 scales scale NOUN flr-503 92 38 while while SCONJ flr-503 92 39 most most ADJ flr-503 92 40 information information NOUN flr-503 92 41 could could AUX flr-503 92 42 be be AUX flr-503 92 43 obtained obtain VERB flr-503 92 44 more more ADJ flr-503 92 45 towards towards ADP flr-503 92 46 the the DET flr-503 92 47 lower low ADJ flr-503 92 48 end end NOUN flr-503 92 49 of of ADP flr-503 92 50 the the DET flr-503 92 51 scales scale NOUN flr-503 92 52 . . PUNCT flr-503 93 1 the the DET flr-503 93 2 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 93 3 of of ADP flr-503 93 4 the the DET flr-503 93 5 sal sal PROPN flr-503 93 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 93 7 se se PROPN flr-503 93 8 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 93 9 was be AUX flr-503 93 10 the the DET flr-503 93 11 better well ADJ flr-503 93 12 of of ADP flr-503 93 13 the the DET flr-503 93 14 two two NUM flr-503 93 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 94 1 the the DET flr-503 94 2 sal sal PROPN flr-503 94 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 94 4 se se PROPN flr-503 94 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 94 6 the the DET flr-503 94 7 sae sae PROPN flr-503 94 8 - - PROPN flr-503 94 9 se se PROPN flr-503 94 10 scales scales PROPN flr-503 94 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 94 12 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 94 13 et et PROPN flr-503 94 14 al al PROPN flr-503 94 15 . . PROPN flr-503 94 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 94 17 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 94 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 94 19 are be AUX flr-503 94 20 course course NOUN flr-503 94 21 specific specific ADJ flr-503 94 22 measures measure NOUN flr-503 94 23 of of ADP flr-503 94 24 self self NOUN flr-503 94 25 - - PUNCT flr-503 94 26 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 94 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 95 1 however however ADV flr-503 95 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 95 3 it it PRON flr-503 95 4 was be AUX flr-503 95 5 not not PART flr-503 95 6 possible possible ADJ flr-503 95 7 to to PART flr-503 95 8 refer refer VERB flr-503 95 9 to to ADP flr-503 95 10 specific specific ADJ flr-503 95 11 courses course NOUN flr-503 95 12 in in ADP flr-503 95 13 the the DET flr-503 95 14 current current ADJ flr-503 95 15 student student NOUN flr-503 95 16 population population NOUN flr-503 95 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 95 18 as as SCONJ flr-503 95 19 the the DET flr-503 95 20 students student NOUN flr-503 95 21 had have AUX flr-503 95 22 not not PART flr-503 95 23 yet yet ADV flr-503 95 24 commenced commence VERB flr-503 95 25 the the DET flr-503 95 26 degree degree NOUN flr-503 95 27 program program NOUN flr-503 95 28 that that PRON flr-503 95 29 they they PRON flr-503 95 30 had have AUX flr-503 95 31 been be AUX flr-503 95 32 admitted admit VERB flr-503 95 33 to to ADP flr-503 95 34 . . PUNCT flr-503 96 1 accordingly accordingly ADV flr-503 96 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 96 3 all all DET flr-503 96 4 items item NOUN flr-503 96 5 had have AUX flr-503 96 6 been be AUX flr-503 96 7 adapted adapt VERB flr-503 96 8 so so SCONJ flr-503 96 9 that that SCONJ flr-503 96 10 instead instead ADV flr-503 96 11 of of ADP flr-503 96 12 referring refer VERB flr-503 96 13 to to ADP flr-503 96 14 “this “this DET flr-503 96 15 class class NOUN flr-503 96 16 / / SYM flr-503 96 17 course†course†NOUN flr-503 96 18 � � PROPN flr-503 96 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 96 20 they they PRON flr-503 96 21 referred refer VERB flr-503 96 22 to to ADP flr-503 96 23 “the “the DET flr-503 96 24 first first ADJ flr-503 96 25 courses course NOUN flr-503 96 26 in in ADP flr-503 96 27 my my PRON flr-503 96 28 program†program†PROPN flr-503 96 29 � � PROPN flr-503 96 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 96 31 while while SCONJ flr-503 96 32 the the DET flr-503 96 33 response response NOUN flr-503 96 34 categories category NOUN flr-503 96 35 were be AUX flr-503 96 36 not not PART flr-503 96 37 changed change VERB flr-503 96 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 96 39 table table VERB flr-503 96 40 a a PRON flr-503 96 41 in in ADP flr-503 96 42 the the DET flr-503 96 43 appendix appendix NOUN flr-503 96 44 shows show VERB flr-503 96 45 the the DET flr-503 96 46 danish danish NOUN flr-503 96 47 as as ADV flr-503 96 48 well well ADV flr-503 96 49 as as ADP flr-503 96 50 an an DET flr-503 96 51 english english ADJ flr-503 96 52 version version NOUN flr-503 96 53 of of ADP flr-503 96 54 the the DET flr-503 96 55 items item NOUN flr-503 96 56 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 96 57 . . PUNCT flr-503 97 1 the the DET flr-503 97 2 adaptation adaptation NOUN flr-503 97 3 made make VERB flr-503 97 4 the the DET flr-503 97 5 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 97 6 somewhat somewhat ADV flr-503 97 7 more more ADV flr-503 97 8 general general ADJ flr-503 97 9 measures measure NOUN flr-503 97 10 of of ADP flr-503 97 11 learning learning NOUN flr-503 97 12 and and CCONJ flr-503 97 13 exam exam VERB flr-503 97 14 self self NOUN flr-503 97 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 97 16 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 97 17 than than ADP flr-503 97 18 the the DET flr-503 97 19 sal sal NOUN flr-503 97 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 97 21 se se PROPN flr-503 97 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 97 23 sae sae PROPN flr-503 97 24 - - PROPN flr-503 97 25 se se PROPN flr-503 97 26 scales scale NOUN flr-503 97 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 97 28 as as ADV flr-503 97 29 well well ADV flr-503 97 30 as as ADP flr-503 97 31 measures measure NOUN flr-503 97 32 of of ADP flr-503 97 33 what what PRON flr-503 97 34 might might AUX flr-503 97 35 be be AUX flr-503 97 36 termed term VERB flr-503 97 37 pre pre ADJ flr-503 97 38 - - ADJ flr-503 97 39 academic academic ADJ flr-503 97 40 self self NOUN flr-503 97 41 - - PUNCT flr-503 97 42 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 97 43 as as SCONJ flr-503 97 44 the the DET flr-503 97 45 students student NOUN flr-503 97 46 had have AUX flr-503 97 47 not not PART flr-503 97 48 yet yet ADV flr-503 97 49 entered enter VERB flr-503 97 50 academia academia NOUN flr-503 97 51 . . PUNCT flr-503 98 1 as as ADP flr-503 98 2 a a DET flr-503 98 3 consequence consequence NOUN flr-503 98 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 98 5 we we PRON flr-503 98 6 have have AUX flr-503 98 7 renamed rename VERB flr-503 98 8 the the DET flr-503 98 9 two two NUM flr-503 98 10 scales scale NOUN flr-503 98 11 to to ADP flr-503 98 12 the the DET flr-503 98 13 more more ADV flr-503 98 14 appropriate appropriate ADJ flr-503 98 15 pre pre ADJ flr-503 98 16 - - ADJ flr-503 98 17 academic academic ADJ flr-503 98 18 learning learning NOUN flr-503 98 19 self self NOUN flr-503 98 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 98 21 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 98 22 scale scale NOUN flr-503 98 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 98 24 pal pal NOUN flr-503 98 25 - - PUNCT flr-503 98 26 se se NOUN flr-503 98 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 98 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 98 29 pre pre ADJ flr-503 98 30 - - ADJ flr-503 98 31 academic academic ADJ flr-503 98 32 exam exam NOUN flr-503 98 33 self self NOUN flr-503 98 34 - - PUNCT flr-503 98 35 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 98 36 scale scale NOUN flr-503 98 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 98 38 pae pae NOUN flr-503 98 39 - - PUNCT flr-503 98 40 se se X flr-503 98 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 98 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 99 1 the the DET flr-503 99 2 item item NOUN flr-503 99 3 texts text NOUN flr-503 99 4 of of ADP flr-503 99 5 the the DET flr-503 99 6 pal pal NOUN flr-503 99 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 99 8 se se PROPN flr-503 99 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 99 10 the the DET flr-503 99 11 pae pae NOUN flr-503 99 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 99 13 se se X flr-503 99 14 are be AUX flr-503 99 15 provided provide VERB flr-503 99 16 in in ADP flr-503 99 17 both both CCONJ flr-503 99 18 danish danish ADJ flr-503 99 19 and and CCONJ flr-503 99 20 english english PROPN flr-503 99 21 in in ADP flr-503 99 22 the the DET flr-503 99 23 appendix appendix ADJ flr-503 99 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 99 25 table table NOUN flr-503 99 26 a1 a1 NOUN flr-503 99 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 99 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 100 1 all all DET flr-503 100 2 pal pal NOUN flr-503 100 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 100 4 se se NOUN flr-503 100 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 100 6 pae pae NOUN flr-503 100 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 100 8 se se ADJ flr-503 100 9 items item NOUN flr-503 100 10 were be AUX flr-503 100 11 administered administer VERB flr-503 100 12 in in ADP flr-503 100 13 the the DET flr-503 100 14 same same ADJ flr-503 100 15 relative relative ADJ flr-503 100 16 order order NOUN flr-503 100 17 as as ADP flr-503 100 18 in in ADP flr-503 100 19 the the DET flr-503 100 20 original original ADJ flr-503 100 21 mslq mslq NOUN flr-503 100 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 100 23 pintrich pintrich NOUN flr-503 100 24 et et PROPN flr-503 100 25 al al PROPN flr-503 100 26 . . PROPN flr-503 100 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 100 28 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 100 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 100 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 100 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 100 32 they they PRON flr-503 100 33 were be AUX flr-503 100 34 mixed mix VERB flr-503 100 35 in in ADP flr-503 100 36 with with ADP flr-503 100 37 items item NOUN flr-503 100 38 from from ADP flr-503 100 39 other other ADJ flr-503 100 40 scales scale NOUN flr-503 100 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 101 1 2.3 2.3 NUM flr-503 101 2 rasch rasch ADJ flr-503 101 3 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 101 4 and and CCONJ flr-503 101 5 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 101 6 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 101 7 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 101 8 models model VERB flr-503 101 9 the the DET flr-503 101 10 family family NOUN flr-503 101 11 of of ADP flr-503 101 12 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 101 13 models model NOUN flr-503 101 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 101 15 which which PRON flr-503 101 16 is be AUX flr-503 101 17 a a DET flr-503 101 18 subgroup subgroup NOUN flr-503 101 19 of of ADP flr-503 101 20 item item NOUN flr-503 101 21 response response NOUN flr-503 101 22 theory theory NOUN flr-503 101 23 models model NOUN flr-503 101 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 101 25 van van PROPN flr-503 101 26 der der PROPN flr-503 101 27 linden linden PROPN flr-503 101 28 & & CCONJ flr-503 101 29 hambleton hambleton PROPN flr-503 101 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 101 31 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 101 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 101 33 will will AUX flr-503 101 34 be be AUX flr-503 101 35 used use VERB flr-503 101 36 for for ADP flr-503 101 37 the the DET flr-503 101 38 item item NOUN flr-503 101 39 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 101 40 . . PUNCT flr-503 102 1 fit fit ADJ flr-503 102 2 to to ADP flr-503 102 3 a a DET flr-503 102 4 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 102 5 model model NOUN flr-503 102 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 102 7 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 102 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 102 9 1960 1960 NUM flr-503 102 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 102 11 provides provide VERB flr-503 102 12 optimal optimal ADJ flr-503 102 13 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 102 14 properties property NOUN flr-503 102 15 of of ADP flr-503 102 16 the the DET flr-503 102 17 scale scale NOUN flr-503 102 18 in in ADP flr-503 102 19 question question NOUN flr-503 102 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 102 21 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 102 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 102 23 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 102 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 102 25 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 102 26 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 102 27 mesbah mesbah PROPN flr-503 102 28 & & CCONJ flr-503 102 29 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 102 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 102 31 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 102 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 102 33 including include VERB flr-503 102 34 : : PUNCT flr-503 102 35 local local ADJ flr-503 102 36 independence independence NOUN flr-503 102 37 of of ADP flr-503 102 38 items item NOUN flr-503 102 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 102 40 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 102 41 responses response NOUN flr-503 102 42 to to ADP flr-503 102 43 a a DET flr-503 102 44 self self NOUN flr-503 102 45 - - PUNCT flr-503 102 46 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 102 47 item item NOUN flr-503 102 48 depends depend VERB flr-503 102 49 only only ADV flr-503 102 50 on on ADP flr-503 102 51 the the DET flr-503 102 52 level level NOUN flr-503 102 53 of of ADP flr-503 102 54 self self NOUN flr-503 102 55 - - PUNCT flr-503 102 56 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 102 57 and and CCONJ flr-503 102 58 not not PART flr-503 102 59 on on ADP flr-503 102 60 responses response NOUN flr-503 102 61 to to ADP flr-503 102 62 any any PRON flr-503 102 63 of of ADP flr-503 102 64 the the DET flr-503 102 65 other other ADJ flr-503 102 66 self self NOUN flr-503 102 67 - - PUNCT flr-503 102 68 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 102 69 items item NOUN flr-503 102 70 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 102 71 . . PUNCT flr-503 103 1 absence absence NOUN flr-503 103 2 of of ADP flr-503 103 3 differential differential ADJ flr-503 103 4 item item NOUN flr-503 103 5 functioning function VERB flr-503 103 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 103 7 no no DET flr-503 103 8 dif dif ADV flr-503 103 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 103 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 103 11 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 103 12 responses response NOUN flr-503 103 13 to to ADP flr-503 103 14 a a DET flr-503 103 15 self self NOUN flr-503 103 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 103 17 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 103 18 item item NOUN flr-503 103 19 depends depend VERB flr-503 103 20 only only ADV flr-503 103 21 on on ADP flr-503 103 22 the the DET flr-503 103 23 level level NOUN flr-503 103 24 of of ADP flr-503 103 25 self self NOUN flr-503 103 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 103 27 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 103 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 103 29 not not PART flr-503 103 30 on on ADP flr-503 103 31 persons†persons†NOUN flr-503 103 32 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 103 33 membership membership NOUN flr-503 103 34 of of ADP flr-503 103 35 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 103 36 such such ADJ flr-503 103 37 at at ADP flr-503 103 38 gender gender NOUN flr-503 103 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 103 40 age age NOUN flr-503 103 41 , , PUNCT flr-503 103 42 degree degree NOUN flr-503 103 43 program program NOUN flr-503 103 44 , , PUNCT flr-503 103 45 etc etc X flr-503 103 46 . . X flr-503 103 47 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 103 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 104 1 optimal optimal ADJ flr-503 104 2 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 104 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 104 4 as as SCONJ flr-503 104 5 items item NOUN flr-503 104 6 are be AUX flr-503 104 7 conditionally conditionally ADV flr-503 104 8 independent independent ADJ flr-503 104 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 105 1 score score PROPN flr-503 105 2 sufficiency sufficiency NOUN flr-503 105 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 105 4 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 105 5 the the DET flr-503 105 6 sum sum NOUN flr-503 105 7 score score NOUN flr-503 105 8 is be AUX flr-503 105 9 a a DET flr-503 105 10 sufficient sufficient ADJ flr-503 105 11 statistic statistic NOUN flr-503 105 12 for for ADP flr-503 105 13 the the DET flr-503 105 14 latent latent NOUN flr-503 105 15 self self NOUN flr-503 105 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 105 17 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 105 18 score score NOUN flr-503 105 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 105 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 105 21 which which PRON flr-503 105 22 is be AUX flr-503 105 23 a a DET flr-503 105 24 property property NOUN flr-503 105 25 only only ADV flr-503 105 26 provided provide VERB flr-503 105 27 by by ADP flr-503 105 28 the the DET flr-503 105 29 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 105 30 model model PROPN flr-503 105 31 . . PUNCT flr-503 106 1 the the DET flr-503 106 2 property property NOUN flr-503 106 3 of of ADP flr-503 106 4 sufficiency sufficiency NOUN flr-503 106 5 is be AUX flr-503 106 6 desirable desirable ADJ flr-503 106 7 when when SCONJ flr-503 106 8 using use VERB flr-503 106 9 the the DET flr-503 106 10 summed sum VERB flr-503 106 11 raw raw ADJ flr-503 106 12 score score NOUN flr-503 106 13 of of ADP flr-503 106 14 a a DET flr-503 106 15 scale scale NOUN flr-503 106 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 106 17 as as SCONJ flr-503 106 18 it it PRON flr-503 106 19 is be AUX flr-503 106 20 the the DET flr-503 106 21 usual usual ADJ flr-503 106 22 case case NOUN flr-503 106 23 with with ADP flr-503 106 24 the the DET flr-503 106 25 present present ADJ flr-503 106 26 self self NOUN flr-503 106 27 - - PUNCT flr-503 106 28 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 106 29 scales scale NOUN flr-503 106 30 . . PUNCT flr-503 107 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 107 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 107 3 fit fit ADJ flr-503 107 4 to to ADP flr-503 107 5 the the DET flr-503 107 6 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 107 7 model model NOUN flr-503 107 8 allows allow VERB flr-503 107 9 the the DET flr-503 107 10 use use NOUN flr-503 107 11 of of ADP flr-503 107 12 the the DET flr-503 107 13 summed sum VERB flr-503 107 14 raw raw ADJ flr-503 107 15 score score NOUN flr-503 107 16 or or CCONJ flr-503 107 17 the the DET flr-503 107 18 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 107 19 person person NOUN flr-503 107 20 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 107 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 107 22 sometimes sometimes ADV flr-503 107 23 called call VERB flr-503 107 24 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 107 25 - - PUNCT flr-503 107 26 scores score NOUN flr-503 107 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 107 28 subsequently subsequently ADV flr-503 107 29 . . PUNCT flr-503 108 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 108 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 108 3 the the DET flr-503 108 4 choice choice NOUN flr-503 108 5 of of ADP flr-503 108 6 using use VERB flr-503 108 7 the the DET flr-503 108 8 summed sum VERB flr-503 108 9 raw raw ADJ flr-503 108 10 score score NOUN flr-503 108 11 or or CCONJ flr-503 108 12 the the DET flr-503 108 13 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 108 14 person person NOUN flr-503 108 15 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 108 16 has have VERB flr-503 108 17 to to PART flr-503 108 18 be be AUX flr-503 108 19 made make VERB flr-503 108 20 in in ADP flr-503 108 21 each each DET flr-503 108 22 case case NOUN flr-503 108 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 108 24 as as SCONJ flr-503 108 25 it it PRON flr-503 108 26 depends depend VERB flr-503 108 27 on on ADP flr-503 108 28 both both CCONJ flr-503 108 29 the the DET flr-503 108 30 purpose purpose NOUN flr-503 108 31 for for ADP flr-503 108 32 using use VERB flr-503 108 33 the the DET flr-503 108 34 score score NOUN flr-503 108 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 108 36 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 108 37 for for ADP flr-503 108 38 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 108 39 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 108 40 or or CCONJ flr-503 108 41 individual individual ADJ flr-503 108 42 assessment assessment NOUN flr-503 108 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 108 44 , , PUNCT flr-503 108 45 the the DET flr-503 108 46 length length NOUN flr-503 108 47 of of ADP flr-503 108 48 the the DET flr-503 108 49 scale scale NOUN flr-503 108 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 108 51 the the DET flr-503 108 52 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 108 53 and and CCONJ flr-503 108 54 the the DET flr-503 108 55 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 108 56 of of ADP flr-503 108 57 the the DET flr-503 108 58 scale scale NOUN flr-503 108 59 , , PUNCT flr-503 108 60 and and CCONJ flr-503 108 61 so so ADV flr-503 108 62 on on ADV flr-503 108 63 . . PUNCT flr-503 109 1 one one NUM flr-503 109 2 additional additional ADJ flr-503 109 3 factor factor NOUN flr-503 109 4 to to PART flr-503 109 5 take take VERB flr-503 109 6 into into ADP flr-503 109 7 account account NOUN flr-503 109 8 in in ADP flr-503 109 9 relation relation NOUN flr-503 109 10 to to ADP flr-503 109 11 the the DET flr-503 109 12 choice choice NOUN flr-503 109 13 of of ADP flr-503 109 14 using use VERB flr-503 109 15 sum sum NOUN flr-503 109 16 scores score NOUN flr-503 109 17 or or CCONJ flr-503 109 18 person person NOUN flr-503 109 19 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 109 20 is be AUX flr-503 109 21 the the DET flr-503 109 22 interpretability interpretability NOUN flr-503 109 23 of of ADP flr-503 109 24 these these PRON flr-503 109 25 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 109 26 the the DET flr-503 109 27 first first ADJ flr-503 109 28 is be AUX flr-503 109 29 easily easily ADV flr-503 109 30 interpreted interpret VERB flr-503 109 31 in in ADP flr-503 109 32 relation relation NOUN flr-503 109 33 to to ADP flr-503 109 34 item item NOUN flr-503 109 35 scores score NOUN flr-503 109 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 109 37 while while SCONJ flr-503 109 38 the the DET flr-503 109 39 latter latter ADJ flr-503 109 40 is be AUX flr-503 109 41 not not PART flr-503 109 42 as as SCONJ flr-503 109 43 it it PRON flr-503 109 44 is be AUX flr-503 109 45 a a DET flr-503 109 46 logit logit NOUN flr-503 109 47 scale scale NOUN flr-503 109 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 110 1 these these DET flr-503 110 2 considerations consideration NOUN flr-503 110 3 extend extend VERB flr-503 110 4 to to ADP flr-503 110 5 the the DET flr-503 110 6 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 110 7 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 110 8 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 110 9 models model NOUN flr-503 110 10 described describe VERB flr-503 110 11 below below ADV flr-503 110 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 111 1 specifically specifically ADV flr-503 111 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 111 3 we we PRON flr-503 111 4 used use VERB flr-503 111 5 the the DET flr-503 111 6 partial partial ADJ flr-503 111 7 credit credit NOUN flr-503 111 8 model model NOUN flr-503 111 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 111 10 pcm pcm NOUN flr-503 111 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 111 12 masters master NOUN flr-503 111 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 111 14 1982 1982 NUM flr-503 111 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 111 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 111 17 which which PRON flr-503 111 18 is be AUX flr-503 111 19 a a DET flr-503 111 20 generalization generalization NOUN flr-503 111 21 of of ADP flr-503 111 22 the the DET flr-503 111 23 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 111 24 model model NOUN flr-503 111 25 for for ADP flr-503 111 26 ordinal ordinal ADJ flr-503 111 27 items item NOUN flr-503 111 28 ††NUM flr-503 111 29 “ " PUNCT flr-503 111 30 thus thus ADV flr-503 111 31 this this PRON flr-503 111 32 is be AUX flr-503 111 33 denoted denote VERB flr-503 111 34 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 111 35 model model NOUN flr-503 111 36 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 111 37 rm rm NOUN flr-503 111 38 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 111 39 throughout throughout ADP flr-503 111 40 the the DET flr-503 111 41 article article NOUN flr-503 111 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 112 1 dif dif PROPN flr-503 112 2 will will AUX flr-503 112 3 to to ADP flr-503 112 4 some some DET flr-503 112 5 degree degree NOUN flr-503 112 6 cause cause NOUN flr-503 112 7 bias bias NOUN flr-503 112 8 in in ADP flr-503 112 9 the the DET flr-503 112 10 scores score NOUN flr-503 112 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 112 12 sum sum NOUN flr-503 112 13 or or CCONJ flr-503 112 14 person person NOUN flr-503 112 15 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 112 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 112 17 of of ADP flr-503 112 18 some some DET flr-503 112 19 groups group NOUN flr-503 112 20 relative relative ADJ flr-503 112 21 to to ADP flr-503 112 22 other other ADJ flr-503 112 23 groups group NOUN flr-503 112 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 112 25 thus thus ADV flr-503 112 26 affecting affect VERB flr-503 112 27 the the DET flr-503 112 28 validity validity NOUN flr-503 112 29 of of ADP flr-503 112 30 the the DET flr-503 112 31 scales scale NOUN flr-503 112 32 and and CCONJ flr-503 112 33 limiting limit VERB flr-503 112 34 their their PRON flr-503 112 35 use use NOUN flr-503 112 36 in in ADP flr-503 112 37 future future ADJ flr-503 112 38 studies study NOUN flr-503 112 39 where where SCONJ flr-503 112 40 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-503 112 41 are be AUX flr-503 112 42 made make VERB flr-503 112 43 , , PUNCT flr-503 112 44 as as SCONJ flr-503 112 45 such such ADJ flr-503 112 46 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-503 112 47 would would AUX flr-503 112 48 be be AUX flr-503 112 49 confounded confound VERB flr-503 112 50 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 112 51 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 112 52 , , PUNCT flr-503 112 53 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 112 54 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 112 55 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 112 56 & & CCONJ flr-503 112 57 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 112 58 , , PUNCT flr-503 112 59 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 112 60 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 112 61 . . PUNCT flr-503 113 1 therefore therefore ADV flr-503 113 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 113 3 adjustment adjustment NOUN flr-503 113 4 for for ADP flr-503 113 5 dif dif ADV flr-503 113 6 is be AUX flr-503 113 7 particularly particularly ADV flr-503 113 8 important important ADJ flr-503 113 9 in in ADP flr-503 113 10 relation relation NOUN flr-503 113 11 to to ADP flr-503 113 12 subsequent subsequent ADJ flr-503 113 13 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-503 113 14 of of ADP flr-503 113 15 the the DET flr-503 113 16 self self NOUN flr-503 113 17 - - PUNCT flr-503 113 18 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 113 19 of of ADP flr-503 113 20 students student NOUN flr-503 113 21 across across ADP flr-503 113 22 degree degree NOUN flr-503 113 23 programs program NOUN flr-503 113 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 113 25 institutions institution NOUN flr-503 113 26 . . PUNCT flr-503 114 1 local local ADJ flr-503 114 2 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 114 3 between between ADP flr-503 114 4 items item NOUN flr-503 114 5 will will AUX flr-503 114 6 not not PART flr-503 114 7 confound confound VERB flr-503 114 8 subsequent subsequent ADJ flr-503 114 9 comparisons comparison NOUN flr-503 114 10 of of ADP flr-503 114 11 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 114 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 114 13 but but CCONJ flr-503 114 14 will will AUX flr-503 114 15 instead instead ADV flr-503 114 16 inflate inflate VERB flr-503 114 17 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 114 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 114 19 if if SCONJ flr-503 114 20 not not PART flr-503 114 21 taken take VERB flr-503 114 22 into into ADP flr-503 114 23 account account NOUN flr-503 114 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 115 1 in in ADP flr-503 115 2 order order NOUN flr-503 115 3 to to PART flr-503 115 4 accommodate accommodate VERB flr-503 115 5 these these DET flr-503 115 6 issues issue NOUN flr-503 115 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 8 we we PRON flr-503 115 9 used use VERB flr-503 115 10 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 115 11 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 115 12 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 115 13 models model NOUN flr-503 115 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 115 15 gllrms gllrm NOUN flr-503 115 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 115 17 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 115 18 & & CCONJ flr-503 115 19 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 115 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 21 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 115 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 23 2004 2004 NUM flr-503 115 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 25 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 115 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 115 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 28 when when SCONJ flr-503 115 29 fit fit ADJ flr-503 115 30 to to ADP flr-503 115 31 the the DET flr-503 115 32 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 115 33 model model NOUN flr-503 115 34 was be AUX flr-503 115 35 rejected reject VERB flr-503 115 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 37 as as SCONJ flr-503 115 38 gllrms gllrm NOUN flr-503 115 39 allow allow VERB flr-503 115 40 adjustments adjustment NOUN flr-503 115 41 for for ADP flr-503 115 42 local local ADJ flr-503 115 43 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 115 44 between between ADP flr-503 115 45 items item NOUN flr-503 115 46 and and CCONJ flr-503 115 47 of of ADP flr-503 115 48 differential differential ADJ flr-503 115 49 item item NOUN flr-503 115 50 functioning function VERB flr-503 115 51 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 115 52 dif dif X flr-503 115 53 or or CCONJ flr-503 115 54 item item NOUN flr-503 115 55 bias bias NOUN flr-503 115 56 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 115 57 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 58 when when SCONJ flr-503 115 59 these these DET flr-503 115 60 departures departure NOUN flr-503 115 61 are be AUX flr-503 115 62 uniform uniform ADJ flr-503 115 63 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 115 64 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 115 65 are be AUX flr-503 115 66 of of ADP flr-503 115 67 the the DET flr-503 115 68 same same ADJ flr-503 115 69 strength strength NOUN flr-503 115 70 at at ADP flr-503 115 71 all all DET flr-503 115 72 levels level NOUN flr-503 115 73 of of ADP flr-503 115 74 the the DET flr-503 115 75 latent latent NOUN flr-503 115 76 trait trait NOUN flr-503 115 77 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 115 78 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 79 while while SCONJ flr-503 115 80 retaining retain VERB flr-503 115 81 close close ADV flr-503 115 82 to to ADP flr-503 115 83 optimal optimal ADJ flr-503 115 84 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 115 85 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 115 86 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 115 87 & & CCONJ flr-503 115 88 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 115 89 , , PUNCT flr-503 115 90 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 115 91 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 115 92 . . PUNCT flr-503 116 1 2.3.1 2.3.1 NUM flr-503 116 2 item item NOUN flr-503 116 3 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 116 4 overall overall ADJ flr-503 116 5 tests test NOUN flr-503 116 6 of of ADP flr-503 116 7 fit fit ADJ flr-503 116 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 116 9 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 116 10 tests test NOUN flr-503 116 11 of of ADP flr-503 116 12 global global ADJ flr-503 116 13 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN flr-503 116 14 by by ADP flr-503 116 15 comparison comparison NOUN flr-503 116 16 of of ADP flr-503 116 17 item item NOUN flr-503 116 18 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 116 19 in in ADP flr-503 116 20 low low ADJ flr-503 116 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 116 22 high high ADJ flr-503 116 23 scoring scoring NOUN flr-503 116 24 groups group NOUN flr-503 116 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 116 26 and and CCONJ flr-503 116 27 of of ADP flr-503 116 28 no no DET flr-503 116 29 global global ADJ flr-503 116 30 dif dif ADV flr-503 116 31 were be AUX flr-503 116 32 conducted conduct VERB flr-503 116 33 using use VERB flr-503 116 34 andersen†andersen†ADP flr-503 116 35 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 116 36 s s PART flr-503 116 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 116 38 1973 1973 NUM flr-503 116 39 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 116 40 conditional conditional ADJ flr-503 116 41 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 116 42 ratio ratio NOUN flr-503 116 43 test test NOUN flr-503 116 44 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 116 45 clr clr NOUN flr-503 116 46 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 116 47 . . PUNCT flr-503 117 1 effectively effectively ADV flr-503 117 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 117 3 this this PRON flr-503 117 4 tests test VERB flr-503 117 5 the the DET flr-503 117 6 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN flr-503 117 7 that that PRON flr-503 117 8 the the DET flr-503 117 9 item item NOUN flr-503 117 10 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 117 11 were be AUX flr-503 117 12 the the DET flr-503 117 13 same same ADJ flr-503 117 14 for for ADP flr-503 117 15 those those DET flr-503 117 16 students student NOUN flr-503 117 17 with with ADP flr-503 117 18 a a DET flr-503 117 19 low low ADJ flr-503 117 20 level level NOUN flr-503 117 21 of of ADP flr-503 117 22 self self NOUN flr-503 117 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 117 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 117 25 and and CCONJ flr-503 117 26 those those PRON flr-503 117 27 with with ADP flr-503 117 28 a a DET flr-503 117 29 high high ADJ flr-503 117 30 level level NOUN flr-503 117 31 of of ADP flr-503 117 32 self self NOUN flr-503 117 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 117 34 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 117 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 117 36 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 117 37 overall overall ADJ flr-503 117 38 fit fit NOUN flr-503 117 39 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 117 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 117 41 and and CCONJ flr-503 117 42 the the DET flr-503 117 43 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN flr-503 117 44 that that PRON flr-503 117 45 the the DET flr-503 117 46 item item NOUN flr-503 117 47 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 117 48 were be AUX flr-503 117 49 the the DET flr-503 117 50 same same ADJ flr-503 117 51 for for ADP flr-503 117 52 subpopulations subpopulation NOUN flr-503 117 53 of of ADP flr-503 117 54 students student NOUN flr-503 117 55 defined define VERB flr-503 117 56 by by ADP flr-503 117 57 university university NOUN flr-503 117 58 , , PUNCT flr-503 117 59 program program NOUN flr-503 117 60 gender gender NOUN flr-503 117 61 and and CCONJ flr-503 117 62 so so ADV flr-503 117 63 on on ADV flr-503 117 64 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 117 65 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 117 66 no no DET flr-503 117 67 global global ADJ flr-503 117 68 dif dif X flr-503 117 69 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 117 70 . . PUNCT flr-503 118 1 the the DET flr-503 118 2 fit fit NOUN flr-503 118 3 of of ADP flr-503 118 4 individual individual ADJ flr-503 118 5 items item NOUN flr-503 118 6 was be AUX flr-503 118 7 tested test VERB flr-503 118 8 by by ADP flr-503 118 9 comparing compare VERB flr-503 118 10 the the DET flr-503 118 11 observed observe VERB flr-503 118 12 item item NOUN flr-503 118 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 118 14 rest rest NOUN flr-503 118 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 118 16 score score NOUN flr-503 118 17 correlations correlation NOUN flr-503 118 18 with with ADP flr-503 118 19 the the DET flr-503 118 20 expected expect VERB flr-503 118 21 item item NOUN flr-503 118 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 118 23 rest rest NOUN flr-503 118 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 118 25 score score NOUN flr-503 118 26 correlations correlation NOUN flr-503 118 27 under under ADP flr-503 118 28 the the DET flr-503 118 29 model model NOUN flr-503 118 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 118 31 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 118 32 the the DET flr-503 118 33 rm rm NOUN flr-503 118 34 or or CCONJ flr-503 118 35 the the DET flr-503 118 36 specified specify VERB flr-503 118 37 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 118 38 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 118 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 118 40 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 118 41 & & CCONJ flr-503 118 42 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 118 43 , , PUNCT flr-503 118 44 2004 2004 NUM flr-503 118 45 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 118 46 . . PUNCT flr-503 119 1 the the DET flr-503 119 2 presence presence NOUN flr-503 119 3 of of ADP flr-503 119 4 ld ld PROPN flr-503 119 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 119 6 dif dif ADV flr-503 119 7 in in ADP flr-503 119 8 gllrms gllrm NOUN flr-503 119 9 was be AUX flr-503 119 10 tested test VERB flr-503 119 11 using use VERB flr-503 119 12 two two NUM flr-503 119 13 tests test NOUN flr-503 119 14 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 119 15 kelderman†kelderman†X flr-503 119 16 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 119 17 s s X flr-503 119 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 119 19 1984 1984 NUM flr-503 119 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 119 21 conditional conditional ADJ flr-503 119 22 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 119 23 ratio ratio NOUN flr-503 119 24 test test NOUN flr-503 119 25 of of ADP flr-503 119 26 local local ADJ flr-503 119 27 independence independence NOUN flr-503 119 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 119 29 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 119 30 no no PRON flr-503 119 31 dif dif ADV flr-503 119 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 119 33 no no DET flr-503 119 34 ld ld NOUN flr-503 119 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 119 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 119 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 119 38 conditional conditional ADJ flr-503 119 39 independence independence NOUN flr-503 119 40 tests test NOUN flr-503 119 41 using use VERB flr-503 119 42 partial partial ADJ flr-503 119 43 goodman goodman PROPN flr-503 119 44 - - PUNCT flr-503 119 45 kruskal kruskal PROPN flr-503 119 46 gamma gamma NOUN flr-503 119 47 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-503 119 48 for for ADP flr-503 119 49 the the DET flr-503 119 50 conditional conditional ADJ flr-503 119 51 association association NOUN flr-503 119 52 between between ADP flr-503 119 53 item item NOUN flr-503 119 54 pairs pair NOUN flr-503 119 55 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 119 56 presence presence NOUN flr-503 119 57 of of ADP flr-503 119 58 ld ld PROPN flr-503 119 59 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 119 60 or or CCONJ flr-503 119 61 between between ADP flr-503 119 62 items item NOUN flr-503 119 63 and and CCONJ flr-503 119 64 exogenous exogenous ADJ flr-503 119 65 variables variable NOUN flr-503 119 66 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 119 67 presence presence NOUN flr-503 119 68 of of ADP flr-503 119 69 dif dif ADV flr-503 119 70 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 119 71 given give VERB flr-503 119 72 scores score NOUN flr-503 119 73 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 119 74 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 119 75 & & CCONJ flr-503 119 76 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 119 77 , , PUNCT flr-503 119 78 2004 2004 NUM flr-503 119 79 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 119 80 . . PUNCT flr-503 120 1 specifically specifically ADV flr-503 120 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 3 we we PRON flr-503 120 4 tested test VERB flr-503 120 5 for for ADP flr-503 120 6 dif dif ADV flr-503 120 7 in in ADP flr-503 120 8 relation relation NOUN flr-503 120 9 to to ADP flr-503 120 10 institution institution NOUN flr-503 120 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 120 12 university university NOUN flr-503 120 13 of of ADP flr-503 120 14 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 120 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 16 university university NOUN flr-503 120 17 of of ADP flr-503 120 18 aarhus aarhus PROPN flr-503 120 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 120 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 21 degree degree NOUN flr-503 120 22 program program NOUN flr-503 120 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 120 24 medicine medicine NOUN flr-503 120 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 26 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 120 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 28 political political ADJ flr-503 120 29 science science NOUN flr-503 120 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 31 economy economy NOUN flr-503 120 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 33 law law NOUN flr-503 120 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 35 biology biology NOUN flr-503 120 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 37 computer computer NOUN flr-503 120 38 science science NOUN flr-503 120 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 40 danish danish ADJ flr-503 120 41 language language NOUN flr-503 120 42 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 43 history history NOUN flr-503 120 44 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 120 45 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 46 program program NOUN flr-503 120 47 priority priority NOUN flr-503 120 48 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 120 49 1st 1st ADJ flr-503 120 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 51 2nd 2nd ADJ flr-503 120 52 or or CCONJ flr-503 120 53 less less ADJ flr-503 120 54 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 120 55 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 56 gender gender NOUN flr-503 120 57 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 120 58 male male NOUN flr-503 120 59 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 60 female female NOUN flr-503 120 61 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 120 62 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 63 age age NOUN flr-503 120 64 groups group NOUN flr-503 120 65 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 120 66 20 20 NUM flr-503 120 67 years year NOUN flr-503 120 68 or or CCONJ flr-503 120 69 younger young ADJ flr-503 120 70 , , PUNCT flr-503 120 71 21 21 NUM flr-503 120 72 years year NOUN flr-503 120 73 or or CCONJ flr-503 120 74 older old ADJ flr-503 120 75 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 120 76 . . PUNCT flr-503 121 1 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 121 2 of of ADP flr-503 121 3 overall overall ADJ flr-503 121 4 fit fit ADJ flr-503 121 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 121 6 no no DET flr-503 121 7 global global ADJ flr-503 121 8 dif dif ADV flr-503 121 9 found find VERB flr-503 121 10 in in ADP flr-503 121 11 the the DET flr-503 121 12 overall overall ADJ flr-503 121 13 tests test NOUN flr-503 121 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 121 15 clr clr NOUN flr-503 121 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 121 17 was be AUX flr-503 121 18 rejected reject VERB flr-503 121 19 if if SCONJ flr-503 121 20 this this PRON flr-503 121 21 was be AUX flr-503 121 22 not not PART flr-503 121 23 supported support VERB flr-503 121 24 by by ADP flr-503 121 25 lack lack NOUN flr-503 121 26 of of ADP flr-503 121 27 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 121 28 of of ADP flr-503 121 29 both both DET flr-503 121 30 ld ld NOUN flr-503 121 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 121 32 dif dif ADV flr-503 121 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 121 34 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 121 35 of of ADP flr-503 121 36 individual individual ADJ flr-503 121 37 item item NOUN flr-503 121 38 fit fit NOUN flr-503 121 39 . . PUNCT flr-503 122 1 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 122 2 was be AUX flr-503 122 3 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 122 4 using use VERB flr-503 122 5 hamon hamon NOUN flr-503 122 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 122 7 mesbah†mesbah†NOUN flr-503 122 8 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 122 9 s s PART flr-503 122 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 122 11 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 122 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 122 13 monte monte PROPN flr-503 122 14 carlo carlo PROPN flr-503 122 15 method method NOUN flr-503 122 16 for for ADP flr-503 122 17 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 122 18 in in ADP flr-503 122 19 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 122 20 scales scale NOUN flr-503 122 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 122 22 as as SCONJ flr-503 122 23 this this DET flr-503 122 24 method method NOUN flr-503 122 25 can can AUX flr-503 122 26 overcome overcome VERB flr-503 122 27 violations violation NOUN flr-503 122 28 of of ADP flr-503 122 29 the the DET flr-503 122 30 assumption assumption NOUN flr-503 122 31 of of ADP flr-503 122 32 locally locally ADV flr-503 122 33 independent independent ADJ flr-503 122 34 items item NOUN flr-503 122 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 122 36 in in ADP flr-503 122 37 contrast contrast NOUN flr-503 122 38 to to ADP flr-503 122 39 cronbach†cronbach†NOUN flr-503 122 40 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 122 41 s s PART flr-503 122 42 alpha alpha NOUN flr-503 122 43 which which PRON flr-503 122 44 tends tend VERB flr-503 122 45 to to PART flr-503 122 46 overestimate overestimate VERB flr-503 122 47 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 122 48 in in ADP flr-503 122 49 such such ADJ flr-503 122 50 cases case NOUN flr-503 122 51 . . PUNCT flr-503 123 1 targeting target VERB flr-503 123 2 was be AUX flr-503 123 3 assessed assess VERB flr-503 123 4 numerically numerically ADV flr-503 123 5 by by ADP flr-503 123 6 two two NUM flr-503 123 7 indices index NOUN flr-503 123 8 as as ADV flr-503 123 9 well well ADV flr-503 123 10 as as ADP flr-503 123 11 graphically graphically ADV flr-503 123 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 123 13 to to PART flr-503 123 14 allow allow VERB flr-503 123 15 for for ADP flr-503 123 16 both both CCONJ flr-503 123 17 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 123 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 123 19 numerical numerical ADJ flr-503 123 20 evaluation evaluation NOUN flr-503 123 21 of of ADP flr-503 123 22 targeting target VERB flr-503 123 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 123 24 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 123 25 & & CCONJ flr-503 123 26 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 123 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 123 28 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 123 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 123 30 . . PUNCT flr-503 124 1 numerically numerically ADV flr-503 124 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 124 3 we we PRON flr-503 124 4 calculated calculate VERB flr-503 124 5 the the DET flr-503 124 6 test test NOUN flr-503 124 7 information information NOUN flr-503 124 8 target target NOUN flr-503 124 9 index index NOUN flr-503 124 10 as as ADP flr-503 124 11 the the DET flr-503 124 12 mean mean ADJ flr-503 124 13 test test NOUN flr-503 124 14 information information NOUN flr-503 124 15 divided divide VERB flr-503 124 16 by by ADP flr-503 124 17 the the DET flr-503 124 18 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 124 19 test test NOUN flr-503 124 20 information information NOUN flr-503 124 21 for for ADP flr-503 124 22 theta theta NOUN flr-503 124 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 124 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 124 25 the the DET flr-503 124 26 root root NOUN flr-503 124 27 mean mean VERB flr-503 124 28 squared square VERB flr-503 124 29 error error NOUN flr-503 124 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 124 31 rmse rmse ADJ flr-503 124 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 124 33 target target NOUN flr-503 124 34 index index NOUN flr-503 124 35 as as ADP flr-503 124 36 the the DET flr-503 124 37 minimum minimum ADJ flr-503 124 38 standard standard ADJ flr-503 124 39 error error NOUN flr-503 124 40 of of ADP flr-503 124 41 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 124 42 divided divide VERB flr-503 124 43 by by ADP flr-503 124 44 the the DET flr-503 124 45 mean mean ADJ flr-503 124 46 standard standard ADJ flr-503 124 47 error error NOUN flr-503 124 48 of of ADP flr-503 124 49 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 124 50 for for ADP flr-503 124 51 theta theta NOUN flr-503 124 52 . . PUNCT flr-503 125 1 both both DET flr-503 125 2 indices index NOUN flr-503 125 3 should should AUX flr-503 125 4 preferably preferably ADV flr-503 125 5 have have VERB flr-503 125 6 a a DET flr-503 125 7 value value NOUN flr-503 125 8 close close ADV flr-503 125 9 to to ADP flr-503 125 10 one one NUM flr-503 125 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 126 1 in in ADP flr-503 126 2 addition addition NOUN flr-503 126 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 126 4 we we PRON flr-503 126 5 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 126 6 the the DET flr-503 126 7 target target NOUN flr-503 126 8 of of ADP flr-503 126 9 the the DET flr-503 126 10 observed observed ADJ flr-503 126 11 score score NOUN flr-503 126 12 and and CCONJ flr-503 126 13 the the DET flr-503 126 14 standard standard ADJ flr-503 126 15 error error NOUN flr-503 126 16 of of ADP flr-503 126 17 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 126 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 126 19 sem sem NOUN flr-503 126 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 126 21 of of ADP flr-503 126 22 the the DET flr-503 126 23 observed observed ADJ flr-503 126 24 score score NOUN flr-503 126 25 . . PUNCT flr-503 127 1 graphically graphically ADV flr-503 127 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 127 3 we we PRON flr-503 127 4 plotted plot VERB flr-503 127 5 so so ADV flr-503 127 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 127 7 called call VERB flr-503 127 8 items item NOUN flr-503 127 9 maps map NOUN flr-503 127 10 with with ADP flr-503 127 11 the the DET flr-503 127 12 distribution distribution NOUN flr-503 127 13 of of ADP flr-503 127 14 the the DET flr-503 127 15 item item NOUN flr-503 127 16 threshold threshold NOUN flr-503 127 17 locations location NOUN flr-503 127 18 against against ADP flr-503 127 19 weighted weight VERB flr-503 127 20 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 127 21 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 127 22 estimations estimation NOUN flr-503 127 23 of of ADP flr-503 127 24 the the DET flr-503 127 25 person person NOUN flr-503 127 26 parameter parameter NOUN flr-503 127 27 locations location NOUN flr-503 127 28 as as ADV flr-503 127 29 well well ADV flr-503 127 30 as as ADP flr-503 127 31 the the DET flr-503 127 32 person person NOUN flr-503 127 33 parameters parameter VERB flr-503 127 34 for for ADP flr-503 127 35 the the DET flr-503 127 36 population population NOUN flr-503 127 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 127 38 assuming assume VERB flr-503 127 39 a a DET flr-503 127 40 normal normal ADJ flr-503 127 41 distribution distribution NOUN flr-503 127 42 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 127 43 and and CCONJ flr-503 127 44 the the DET flr-503 127 45 information information NOUN flr-503 127 46 function function NOUN flr-503 127 47 . . PUNCT flr-503 128 1 the the DET flr-503 128 2 benjamini benjamini NOUN flr-503 128 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 128 4 hochberg hochberg NOUN flr-503 128 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 128 6 1995 1995 NUM flr-503 128 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 128 8 procedure procedure NOUN flr-503 128 9 was be AUX flr-503 128 10 used use VERB flr-503 128 11 to to PART flr-503 128 12 adjust adjust VERB flr-503 128 13 for for ADP flr-503 128 14 false false ADJ flr-503 128 15 discovery discovery NOUN flr-503 128 16 rate rate NOUN flr-503 128 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 128 18 fdr fdr PROPN flr-503 128 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 128 20 due due ADP flr-503 128 21 to to ADP flr-503 128 22 multiple multiple ADJ flr-503 128 23 testing testing NOUN flr-503 128 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 128 25 whenever whenever SCONJ flr-503 128 26 appropriate appropriate ADJ flr-503 128 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 129 1 as as SCONJ flr-503 129 2 recommended recommend VERB flr-503 129 3 by by ADP flr-503 129 4 cox cox PROPN flr-503 129 5 et et PROPN flr-503 129 6 al al PROPN flr-503 129 7 . . PROPN flr-503 130 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 130 2 1977 1977 NUM flr-503 130 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 130 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 130 5 we we PRON flr-503 130 6 did do AUX flr-503 130 7 not not PART flr-503 130 8 apply apply VERB flr-503 130 9 a a DET flr-503 130 10 critical critical ADJ flr-503 130 11 limit limit NOUN flr-503 130 12 of of ADP flr-503 130 13 5 5 NUM flr-503 130 14 % % NOUN flr-503 130 15 for for ADP flr-503 130 16 p p NOUN flr-503 130 17 - - PUNCT flr-503 130 18 values value NOUN flr-503 130 19 as as ADP flr-503 130 20 a a DET flr-503 130 21 deterministic deterministic ADJ flr-503 130 22 decision decision NOUN flr-503 130 23 criterion criterion NOUN flr-503 130 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 131 1 instead instead ADV flr-503 131 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 131 3 we we PRON flr-503 131 4 distinguished distinguish VERB flr-503 131 5 between between ADP flr-503 131 6 weak weak ADJ flr-503 131 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 131 8 p p X flr-503 131 9 < < X flr-503 131 10 . . PROPN flr-503 131 11 05 05 NUM flr-503 131 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 131 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 131 14 moderate moderate ADJ flr-503 131 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 131 16 p p X flr-503 131 17 < < X flr-503 131 18 .01 .01 NUM flr-503 131 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 131 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 131 21 strong strong ADJ flr-503 131 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 131 23 p p X flr-503 131 24 < < X flr-503 131 25 .001 .001 NUM flr-503 131 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 131 27 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 131 28 against against ADP flr-503 131 29 the the DET flr-503 131 30 model model NOUN flr-503 131 31 . . PUNCT flr-503 132 1 2.4 2.4 NUM flr-503 132 2 pre pre ADJ flr-503 132 3 - - ADJ flr-503 132 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 132 5 learning learning NOUN flr-503 132 6 self self NOUN flr-503 132 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 132 8 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 132 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 132 10 half half ADJ flr-503 132 11 - - PUNCT flr-503 132 12 year year NOUN flr-503 132 13 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 132 14 in in ADP flr-503 132 15 order order NOUN flr-503 132 16 to to PART flr-503 132 17 answer answer VERB flr-503 132 18 the the DET flr-503 132 19 second second ADJ flr-503 132 20 research research NOUN flr-503 132 21 question question NOUN flr-503 132 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 132 23 the the DET flr-503 132 24 association association NOUN flr-503 132 25 between between ADP flr-503 132 26 the the DET flr-503 132 27 measures measure NOUN flr-503 132 28 of of ADP flr-503 132 29 academic academic ADJ flr-503 132 30 self self NOUN flr-503 132 31 - - PUNCT flr-503 132 32 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 132 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 132 34 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 132 35 was be AUX flr-503 132 36 investigated investigate VERB flr-503 132 37 using use VERB flr-503 132 38 the the DET flr-503 132 39 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 132 40 sum sum NOUN flr-503 132 41 score score NOUN flr-503 132 42 scales scale NOUN flr-503 132 43 resulting result VERB flr-503 132 44 from from ADP flr-503 132 45 the the DET flr-503 132 46 item item NOUN flr-503 132 47 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 132 48 described describe VERB flr-503 132 49 above above ADV flr-503 132 50 . . PUNCT flr-503 133 1 the the DET flr-503 133 2 linear linear ADJ flr-503 133 3 probability probability NOUN flr-503 133 4 model model NOUN flr-503 133 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 133 6 lpm lpm NOUN flr-503 133 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 133 8 was be AUX flr-503 133 9 applied apply VERB flr-503 133 10 using use VERB flr-503 133 11 a a DET flr-503 133 12 dichotomous dichotomous ADJ flr-503 133 13 outcome outcome NOUN flr-503 133 14 variable variable NOUN flr-503 133 15 indicating indicate VERB flr-503 133 16 dropout dropout NOUN flr-503 133 17 within within ADP flr-503 133 18 the the DET flr-503 133 19 first first ADJ flr-503 133 20 half half ADJ flr-503 133 21 year year NOUN flr-503 133 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 133 23 1 1 NUM flr-503 133 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 133 25 or or CCONJ flr-503 133 26 not not PART flr-503 133 27 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 133 28 0 0 NUM flr-503 133 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 133 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 133 31 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 133 32 the the DET flr-503 133 33 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 133 34 variable variable NOUN flr-503 133 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 133 36 . . PUNCT flr-503 134 1 lpm lpm NOUN flr-503 134 2 models model NOUN flr-503 134 3 the the DET flr-503 134 4 probability probability NOUN flr-503 134 5 of of ADP flr-503 134 6 dropout dropout NOUN flr-503 134 7 as as ADP flr-503 134 8 a a DET flr-503 134 9 linear linear ADJ flr-503 134 10 function function NOUN flr-503 134 11 of of ADP flr-503 134 12 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 134 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 134 14 and and CCONJ flr-503 134 15 present present VERB flr-503 134 16 the the DET flr-503 134 17 conditional conditional ADJ flr-503 134 18 expectation expectation NOUN flr-503 134 19 of of ADP flr-503 134 20 the the DET flr-503 134 21 outcome outcome NOUN flr-503 134 22 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 134 23 greene greene PROPN flr-503 134 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 134 25 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 134 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 134 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 135 1 when when SCONJ flr-503 135 2 we we PRON flr-503 135 3 use use VERB flr-503 135 4 lpm lpm NOUN flr-503 135 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 135 6 ï ï NOUN flr-503 135 7 � � NOUN flr-503 135 8 ¢-coefficients ¢-coefficient NOUN flr-503 135 9 can can AUX flr-503 135 10 be be AUX flr-503 135 11 interpreted interpret VERB flr-503 135 12 as as ADP flr-503 135 13 differences difference NOUN flr-503 135 14 in in ADP flr-503 135 15 the the DET flr-503 135 16 probability probability NOUN flr-503 135 17 of of ADP flr-503 135 18 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 135 19 in in ADP flr-503 135 20 percentage percentage NOUN flr-503 135 21 points point NOUN flr-503 135 22 corresponding correspond VERB flr-503 135 23 to to ADP flr-503 135 24 a a DET flr-503 135 25 +1 +1 ADJ flr-503 135 26 difference difference NOUN flr-503 135 27 in in ADP flr-503 135 28 the the DET flr-503 135 29 independent independent ADJ flr-503 135 30 variables variable NOUN flr-503 135 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 135 32 e.g. e.g. ADV flr-503 135 33 pal pal NOUN flr-503 135 34 - - PUNCT flr-503 135 35 se se NOUN flr-503 135 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 135 37 . . PUNCT flr-503 136 1 this this DET flr-503 136 2 straightforward straightforward ADJ flr-503 136 3 interpretation interpretation NOUN flr-503 136 4 is be AUX flr-503 136 5 one one NUM flr-503 136 6 of of ADP flr-503 136 7 the the DET flr-503 136 8 reasons reason NOUN flr-503 136 9 why why SCONJ flr-503 136 10 the the DET flr-503 136 11 linear linear ADJ flr-503 136 12 probability probability NOUN flr-503 136 13 model model NOUN flr-503 136 14 has have AUX flr-503 136 15 been be AUX flr-503 136 16 an an DET flr-503 136 17 increasingly increasingly ADV flr-503 136 18 popular popular ADJ flr-503 136 19 choice choice NOUN flr-503 136 20 for for ADP flr-503 136 21 modelling model VERB flr-503 136 22 binary binary ADJ flr-503 136 23 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 136 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 136 25 breen breen PROPN flr-503 136 26 et et PROPN flr-503 136 27 al al PROPN flr-503 136 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 136 29 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 136 30 : : PUNCT flr-503 136 31 4.12 4.12 NUM flr-503 136 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 136 33 . . PUNCT flr-503 137 1 the the DET flr-503 137 2 pal pal NOUN flr-503 137 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 137 4 se se PROPN flr-503 137 5 variable variable NOUN flr-503 137 6 has have AUX flr-503 137 7 been be AUX flr-503 137 8 rescaled rescale VERB flr-503 137 9 to to ADP flr-503 137 10 0 0 NUM flr-503 137 11 - - SYM flr-503 137 12 1 1 NUM flr-503 137 13 for for ADP flr-503 137 14 the the DET flr-503 137 15 lpm lpm NOUN flr-503 137 16 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 137 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 137 18 in in ADP flr-503 137 19 order order NOUN flr-503 137 20 to to PART flr-503 137 21 make make VERB flr-503 137 22 findings finding NOUN flr-503 137 23 more more ADV flr-503 137 24 intuitive intuitive ADJ flr-503 137 25 . . PUNCT flr-503 138 1 three three NUM flr-503 138 2 models model NOUN flr-503 138 3 where where SCONJ flr-503 138 4 applied apply VERB flr-503 138 5 to to PART flr-503 138 6 answer answer VERB flr-503 138 7 the the DET flr-503 138 8 question question NOUN flr-503 138 9 about about ADP flr-503 138 10 how how SCONJ flr-503 138 11 pre pre ADJ flr-503 138 12 - - ADJ flr-503 138 13 academic academic ADJ flr-503 138 14 self self NOUN flr-503 138 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 138 16 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 138 17 relates relate VERB flr-503 138 18 to to ADP flr-503 138 19 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 138 20 : : PUNCT flr-503 138 21 1 1 NUM flr-503 138 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 138 23 a a DET flr-503 138 24 bivariate bivariate ADJ flr-503 138 25 model model NOUN flr-503 138 26 including include VERB flr-503 138 27 academic academic ADJ flr-503 138 28 self self NOUN flr-503 138 29 - - PUNCT flr-503 138 30 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 138 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 138 32 half half ADJ flr-503 138 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 138 34 year year NOUN flr-503 138 35 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 138 36 . . PUNCT flr-503 139 1 this this PRON flr-503 139 2 is be AUX flr-503 139 3 in in ADP flr-503 139 4 order order NOUN flr-503 139 5 to to PART flr-503 139 6 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 139 7 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 139 8 pal pal NOUN flr-503 139 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 139 10 se se X flr-503 139 11 can can AUX flr-503 139 12 be be AUX flr-503 139 13 used use VERB flr-503 139 14 to to PART flr-503 139 15 predict predict VERB flr-503 139 16 differences difference NOUN flr-503 139 17 in in ADP flr-503 139 18 half half ADJ flr-503 139 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 139 20 year year NOUN flr-503 139 21 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 139 22 without without ADP flr-503 139 23 taking take VERB flr-503 139 24 any any DET flr-503 139 25 other other ADJ flr-503 139 26 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 139 27 into into ADP flr-503 139 28 account account NOUN flr-503 139 29 . . PUNCT flr-503 140 1 2 2 X flr-503 140 2 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 140 3 a a DET flr-503 140 4 model model NOUN flr-503 140 5 including include VERB flr-503 140 6 academic academic ADJ flr-503 140 7 self self NOUN flr-503 140 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 140 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 140 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 140 11 half half ADJ flr-503 140 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 140 13 year year NOUN flr-503 140 14 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 140 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 140 16 a a DET flr-503 140 17 nominal nominal ADJ flr-503 140 18 variable variable NOUN flr-503 140 19 indicating indicate VERB flr-503 140 20 educational educational ADJ flr-503 140 21 program program NOUN flr-503 140 22 as as ADP flr-503 140 23 a a DET flr-503 140 24 covariate covariate NOUN flr-503 140 25 . . PUNCT flr-503 141 1 this this PRON flr-503 141 2 was be AUX flr-503 141 3 in in ADP flr-503 141 4 order order NOUN flr-503 141 5 to to PART flr-503 141 6 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 141 7 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 141 8 a a DET flr-503 141 9 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 141 10 between between ADP flr-503 141 11 pal pal NOUN flr-503 141 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 141 13 se se NOUN flr-503 141 14 and and CCONJ flr-503 141 15 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 141 16 could could AUX flr-503 141 17 simply simply ADV flr-503 141 18 be be AUX flr-503 141 19 due due ADJ flr-503 141 20 to to ADP flr-503 141 21 differences difference NOUN flr-503 141 22 in in ADP flr-503 141 23 the the DET flr-503 141 24 type type NOUN flr-503 141 25 of of ADP flr-503 141 26 students student NOUN flr-503 141 27 between between ADP flr-503 141 28 programs program NOUN flr-503 141 29 that that PRON flr-503 141 30 also also ADV flr-503 141 31 relates relate VERB flr-503 141 32 to to ADP flr-503 141 33 both both CCONJ flr-503 141 34 pal pal NOUN flr-503 141 35 - - PUNCT flr-503 141 36 se se NOUN flr-503 141 37 scores score NOUN flr-503 141 38 and and CCONJ flr-503 141 39 dropout dropout NOUN flr-503 141 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 141 41 regardless regardless ADV flr-503 141 42 of of ADP flr-503 141 43 student†student†NOUN flr-503 141 44 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 141 45 s s PART flr-503 141 46 educational educational ADJ flr-503 141 47 experience experience NOUN flr-503 141 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 142 1 this this PRON flr-503 142 2 is be AUX flr-503 142 3 to to PART flr-503 142 4 answer answer VERB flr-503 142 5 the the DET flr-503 142 6 question question NOUN flr-503 142 7 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 142 8 pal pal NOUN flr-503 142 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 142 10 se se X flr-503 142 11 can can AUX flr-503 142 12 be be AUX flr-503 142 13 used use VERB flr-503 142 14 to to PART flr-503 142 15 predict predict VERB flr-503 142 16 differences difference NOUN flr-503 142 17 in in ADP flr-503 142 18 half half ADJ flr-503 142 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 142 20 year year NOUN flr-503 142 21 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 142 22 if if SCONJ flr-503 142 23 differences difference NOUN flr-503 142 24 between between ADP flr-503 142 25 programs program NOUN flr-503 142 26 are be AUX flr-503 142 27 taken take VERB flr-503 142 28 into into ADP flr-503 142 29 account account NOUN flr-503 142 30 . . PUNCT flr-503 143 1 from from ADP flr-503 143 2 an an DET flr-503 143 3 institutional institutional ADJ flr-503 143 4 point point NOUN flr-503 143 5 of of ADP flr-503 143 6 view view NOUN flr-503 143 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 143 8 this this PRON flr-503 143 9 can can AUX flr-503 143 10 be be AUX flr-503 143 11 valuable valuable ADJ flr-503 143 12 information information NOUN flr-503 143 13 although although SCONJ flr-503 143 14 it it PRON flr-503 143 15 does do AUX flr-503 143 16 not not PART flr-503 143 17 imply imply VERB flr-503 143 18 causality causality NOUN flr-503 143 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 144 1 3 3 X flr-503 144 2 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 144 3 a a DET flr-503 144 4 model model NOUN flr-503 144 5 including include VERB flr-503 144 6 academic academic ADJ flr-503 144 7 self self NOUN flr-503 144 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 144 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 144 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 144 11 half half ADJ flr-503 144 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 144 13 year year NOUN flr-503 144 14 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 144 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 144 16 a a DET flr-503 144 17 nominal nominal ADJ flr-503 144 18 variable variable NOUN flr-503 144 19 indicating indicate VERB flr-503 144 20 educational educational ADJ flr-503 144 21 program program NOUN flr-503 144 22 and and CCONJ flr-503 144 23 a a DET flr-503 144 24 range range NOUN flr-503 144 25 of of ADP flr-503 144 26 individual individual ADJ flr-503 144 27 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 144 28 as as ADP flr-503 144 29 for for ADP flr-503 144 30 example example NOUN flr-503 144 31 earlier early ADV flr-503 144 32 educational educational ADJ flr-503 144 33 attainment attainment NOUN flr-503 144 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 144 35 gpa gpa PROPN flr-503 144 36 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 144 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 144 38 a a DET flr-503 144 39 range range NOUN flr-503 144 40 of of ADP flr-503 144 41 social social ADJ flr-503 144 42 background background NOUN flr-503 144 43 variables variable NOUN flr-503 144 44 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 144 45 parents parent NOUN flr-503 144 46 education education NOUN flr-503 144 47 , , PUNCT flr-503 144 48 income income NOUN flr-503 144 49 etc.).we etc.).we NOUN flr-503 144 50 thus thus ADV flr-503 144 51 investigated investigate VERB flr-503 144 52 the the DET flr-503 144 53 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 144 54 between between ADP flr-503 144 55 pal pal NOUN flr-503 144 56 - - PUNCT flr-503 144 57 se se NOUN flr-503 144 58 and and CCONJ flr-503 144 59 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 144 60 in in ADP flr-503 144 61 a a DET flr-503 144 62 stratified stratified ADJ flr-503 144 63 comparison comparison NOUN flr-503 144 64 comparing compare VERB flr-503 144 65 students student NOUN flr-503 144 66 with with ADP flr-503 144 67 different different ADJ flr-503 144 68 values value NOUN flr-503 144 69 of of ADP flr-503 144 70 pal pal NOUN flr-503 144 71 - - PUNCT flr-503 144 72 se se X flr-503 144 73 who who PRON flr-503 144 74 are be AUX flr-503 144 75 otherwise otherwise ADV flr-503 144 76 as as ADV flr-503 144 77 similar similar ADJ flr-503 144 78 as as ADP flr-503 144 79 possible possible ADJ flr-503 144 80 . . PUNCT flr-503 145 1 this this PRON flr-503 145 2 was be AUX flr-503 145 3 to to PART flr-503 145 4 get get VERB flr-503 145 5 an an DET flr-503 145 6 indication indication NOUN flr-503 145 7 as as ADP flr-503 145 8 to to ADP flr-503 145 9 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 145 10 a a DET flr-503 145 11 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 145 12 between between ADP flr-503 145 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 145 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 145 15 se se NOUN flr-503 145 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 145 17 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 145 18 could could AUX flr-503 145 19 be be AUX flr-503 145 20 explained explain VERB flr-503 145 21 by by ADP flr-503 145 22 differences difference NOUN flr-503 145 23 in in ADP flr-503 145 24 background background NOUN flr-503 145 25 variables variable NOUN flr-503 145 26 or or CCONJ flr-503 145 27 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 145 28 it it PRON flr-503 145 29 alternatively alternatively ADV flr-503 145 30 could could AUX flr-503 145 31 be be AUX flr-503 145 32 interpreted interpret VERB flr-503 145 33 as as ADP flr-503 145 34 a a DET flr-503 145 35 causal causal ADJ flr-503 145 36 effect effect NOUN flr-503 145 37 of of ADP flr-503 145 38 pal pal NOUN flr-503 145 39 - - PUNCT flr-503 145 40 se se NOUN flr-503 145 41 on on ADP flr-503 145 42 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 145 43 . . PUNCT flr-503 146 1 2.5 2.5 NUM flr-503 146 2 software software NOUN flr-503 146 3 all all DET flr-503 146 4 item item NOUN flr-503 146 5 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 146 6 by by ADP flr-503 146 7 rm rm NOUN flr-503 146 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 146 9 gllrms gllrm NOUN flr-503 146 10 were be AUX flr-503 146 11 conducted conduct VERB flr-503 146 12 in in ADP flr-503 146 13 digram digram PROPN flr-503 146 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 146 15 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 146 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 146 17 2003 2003 NUM flr-503 146 18 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 146 19 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 146 20 & & CCONJ flr-503 146 21 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 146 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 146 23 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 146 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 146 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 146 26 while while SCONJ flr-503 146 27 r r NOUN flr-503 146 28 was be AUX flr-503 146 29 used use VERB flr-503 146 30 for for ADP flr-503 146 31 some some PRON flr-503 146 32 of of ADP flr-503 146 33 the the DET flr-503 146 34 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 146 35 illustrations illustration NOUN flr-503 146 36 . . PUNCT flr-503 147 1 the the DET flr-503 147 2 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 147 3 of of ADP flr-503 147 4 the the DET flr-503 147 5 effect effect NOUN flr-503 147 6 of of ADP flr-503 147 7 pre pre ADJ flr-503 147 8 - - ADJ flr-503 147 9 academic academic ADJ flr-503 147 10 learning learning NOUN flr-503 147 11 self self NOUN flr-503 147 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 147 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 147 14 on on ADP flr-503 147 15 half half ADJ flr-503 147 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 147 17 year year NOUN flr-503 147 18 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 147 19 was be AUX flr-503 147 20 conducted conduct VERB flr-503 147 21 in in ADP flr-503 147 22 stata stata NOUN flr-503 147 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 148 1 3 3 X flr-503 148 2 . . X flr-503 148 3 results result VERB flr-503 148 4 the the DET flr-503 148 5 pre pre ADJ flr-503 148 6 - - ADJ flr-503 148 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 148 8 learning learning NOUN flr-503 148 9 self self NOUN flr-503 148 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 148 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 148 12 subscale subscale NOUN flr-503 148 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 148 14 pal pal NOUN flr-503 148 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 148 16 se se NOUN flr-503 148 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 148 18 did do AUX flr-503 148 19 not not PART flr-503 148 20 fit fit VERB flr-503 148 21 the the DET flr-503 148 22 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 148 23 model model NOUN flr-503 148 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 148 25 nor nor CCONJ flr-503 148 26 did do VERB flr-503 148 27 the the DET flr-503 148 28 pre pre ADJ flr-503 148 29 - - ADJ flr-503 148 30 academic academic ADJ flr-503 148 31 exam exam NOUN flr-503 148 32 self self NOUN flr-503 148 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 148 34 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 148 35 subscale subscale NOUN flr-503 148 36 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 148 37 pal pal NOUN flr-503 148 38 - - PUNCT flr-503 148 39 se se NOUN flr-503 148 40 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 148 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 149 1 however however ADV flr-503 149 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 149 3 for for ADP flr-503 149 4 both both DET flr-503 149 5 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 149 6 it it PRON flr-503 149 7 was be AUX flr-503 149 8 possible possible ADJ flr-503 149 9 to to PART flr-503 149 10 establish establish VERB flr-503 149 11 fit fit ADJ flr-503 149 12 to to ADP flr-503 149 13 a a DET flr-503 149 14 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 149 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 149 16 though though SCONJ flr-503 149 17 of of ADP flr-503 149 18 different different ADJ flr-503 149 19 complexity complexity NOUN flr-503 149 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 149 21 figure figure NOUN flr-503 149 22 1 1 NUM flr-503 149 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 149 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 150 1 global global ADJ flr-503 150 2 tests test NOUN flr-503 150 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 150 4 of of ADP flr-503 150 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 150 6 fit fit NOUN flr-503 150 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 150 8 dif dif ADV flr-503 150 9 for for SCONJ flr-503 150 10 the the DET flr-503 150 11 two two NUM flr-503 150 12 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 150 13 are be AUX flr-503 150 14 presented present VERB flr-503 150 15 in in ADP flr-503 150 16 table table NOUN flr-503 150 17 2 2 NUM flr-503 150 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 150 19 while while SCONJ flr-503 150 20 item item NOUN flr-503 150 21 fit fit ADJ flr-503 150 22 statistics statistic NOUN flr-503 150 23 are be AUX flr-503 150 24 provided provide VERB flr-503 150 25 in in ADP flr-503 150 26 table table NOUN flr-503 150 27 3 3 NUM flr-503 150 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 151 1 the the DET flr-503 151 2 pal pal NOUN flr-503 151 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 151 4 se se PROPN flr-503 151 5 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 151 6 fitted fit VERB flr-503 151 7 a a DET flr-503 151 8 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 151 9 with with ADP flr-503 151 10 strong strong ADJ flr-503 151 11 local local ADJ flr-503 151 12 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 151 13 between between ADP flr-503 151 14 items item NOUN flr-503 151 15 1 1 NUM flr-503 151 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 151 17 i i PRON flr-503 151 18 'm be AUX flr-503 151 19 certain certain ADJ flr-503 151 20 i i PRON flr-503 151 21 can can AUX flr-503 151 22 understand understand VERB flr-503 151 23 the the DET flr-503 151 24 most most ADV flr-503 151 25 difficult difficult ADJ flr-503 151 26 material material NOUN flr-503 151 27 presented present VERB flr-503 151 28 in in ADP flr-503 151 29 the the DET flr-503 151 30 readings reading NOUN flr-503 151 31 for for ADP flr-503 151 32 the the DET flr-503 151 33 first first ADJ flr-503 151 34 courses course NOUN flr-503 151 35 in in ADP flr-503 151 36 my my PRON flr-503 151 37 program program NOUN flr-503 151 38 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 151 39 and and CCONJ flr-503 151 40 3 3 NUM flr-503 151 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 151 42 i i PRON flr-503 151 43 'm be AUX flr-503 151 44 confident confident ADJ flr-503 151 45 i i PRON flr-503 151 46 can can AUX flr-503 151 47 understand understand VERB flr-503 151 48 the the DET flr-503 151 49 most most ADV flr-503 151 50 complex complex ADJ flr-503 151 51 material material NOUN flr-503 151 52 presented present VERB flr-503 151 53 in in ADP flr-503 151 54 the the DET flr-503 151 55 first first ADJ flr-503 151 56 courses course NOUN flr-503 151 57 in in ADP flr-503 151 58 my my PRON flr-503 151 59 program program NOUN flr-503 151 60 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 151 61 , , PUNCT flr-503 151 62 as as ADV flr-503 151 63 well well ADV flr-503 151 64 as as ADP flr-503 151 65 very very ADV flr-503 151 66 weak weak ADJ flr-503 151 67 local local ADJ flr-503 151 68 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 151 69 between between ADP flr-503 151 70 items item NOUN flr-503 151 71 2 2 NUM flr-503 151 72 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 151 73 i i PRON flr-503 151 74 'm be AUX flr-503 151 75 confident confident ADJ flr-503 151 76 i i PRON flr-503 151 77 can can AUX flr-503 151 78 understand understand VERB flr-503 151 79 the the DET flr-503 151 80 basic basic ADJ flr-503 151 81 concepts concept NOUN flr-503 151 82 taught teach VERB flr-503 151 83 in in ADP flr-503 151 84 the the DET flr-503 151 85 first first ADJ flr-503 151 86 courses course NOUN flr-503 151 87 in in ADP flr-503 151 88 my my PRON flr-503 151 89 program program NOUN flr-503 151 90 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 151 91 and and CCONJ flr-503 151 92 4 4 NUM flr-503 151 93 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 151 94 i i PRON flr-503 151 95 'm be AUX flr-503 151 96 certain certain ADJ flr-503 151 97 i i PRON flr-503 151 98 can can AUX flr-503 151 99 master master VERB flr-503 151 100 the the DET flr-503 151 101 skills skill NOUN flr-503 151 102 being be AUX flr-503 151 103 taught teach VERB flr-503 151 104 in in ADP flr-503 151 105 the the DET flr-503 151 106 first first ADJ flr-503 151 107 courses course NOUN flr-503 151 108 in in ADP flr-503 151 109 my my PRON flr-503 151 110 program program NOUN flr-503 151 111 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 151 112 . . PUNCT flr-503 152 1 in in ADP flr-503 152 2 addition addition NOUN flr-503 152 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 152 4 item item NOUN flr-503 152 5 2 2 NUM flr-503 152 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 152 7 see see VERB flr-503 152 8 above above ADV flr-503 152 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 152 10 was be AUX flr-503 152 11 found find VERB flr-503 152 12 to to PART flr-503 152 13 function function VERB flr-503 152 14 differentially differentially ADV flr-503 152 15 in in ADP flr-503 152 16 relation relation NOUN flr-503 152 17 to to ADP flr-503 152 18 the the DET flr-503 152 19 degree degree NOUN flr-503 152 20 programs program NOUN flr-503 152 21 . . PUNCT flr-503 153 1 this this PRON flr-503 153 2 meant mean VERB flr-503 153 3 that that SCONJ flr-503 153 4 the the DET flr-503 153 5 student student NOUN flr-503 153 6 responses response VERB flr-503 153 7 to to ADP flr-503 153 8 item item NOUN flr-503 153 9 2 2 NUM flr-503 153 10 differed differ VERB flr-503 153 11 systematically systematically ADV flr-503 153 12 in in ADP flr-503 153 13 how how SCONJ flr-503 153 14 likely likely ADJ flr-503 153 15 they they PRON flr-503 153 16 were be AUX flr-503 153 17 to to PART flr-503 153 18 feel feel AUX flr-503 153 19 described describe VERB flr-503 153 20 as as ADP flr-503 153 21 future future ADJ flr-503 153 22 students student NOUN flr-503 153 23 by by ADP flr-503 153 24 the the DET flr-503 153 25 statement statement NOUN flr-503 153 26 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 153 27 on on ADP flr-503 153 28 the the DET flr-503 153 29 degree degree NOUN flr-503 153 30 program program NOUN flr-503 153 31 they they PRON flr-503 153 32 were be AUX flr-503 153 33 admitted admit VERB flr-503 153 34 to to ADP flr-503 153 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 153 36 no no ADV flr-503 153 37 matter matter ADV flr-503 153 38 their their PRON flr-503 153 39 level level NOUN flr-503 153 40 of of ADP flr-503 153 41 pre pre ADJ flr-503 153 42 - - ADJ flr-503 153 43 academic academic ADJ flr-503 153 44 learning learning NOUN flr-503 153 45 self self NOUN flr-503 153 46 - - PUNCT flr-503 153 47 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 153 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 154 1 the the DET flr-503 154 2 pae pae NOUN flr-503 154 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 154 4 se se ADJ flr-503 154 5 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 154 6 also also ADV flr-503 154 7 fitted fit VERB flr-503 154 8 a a DET flr-503 154 9 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 154 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 154 11 but but CCONJ flr-503 154 12 in in ADP flr-503 154 13 this this DET flr-503 154 14 case case NOUN flr-503 154 15 all all DET flr-503 154 16 items item NOUN flr-503 154 17 were be AUX flr-503 154 18 locally locally ADV flr-503 154 19 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 154 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 155 1 the the DET flr-503 155 2 strongest strong ADJ flr-503 155 3 local local ADJ flr-503 155 4 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 155 5 was be AUX flr-503 155 6 found find VERB flr-503 155 7 between between ADP flr-503 155 8 items item NOUN flr-503 155 9 2 2 NUM flr-503 155 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 155 11 i i PRON flr-503 155 12 'm be AUX flr-503 155 13 confident confident ADJ flr-503 155 14 i i PRON flr-503 155 15 can can AUX flr-503 155 16 do do VERB flr-503 155 17 an an DET flr-503 155 18 excellent excellent ADJ flr-503 155 19 job job NOUN flr-503 155 20 on on ADP flr-503 155 21 the the DET flr-503 155 22 assignments assignment NOUN flr-503 155 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 155 24 tests test NOUN flr-503 155 25 in in ADP flr-503 155 26 the the DET flr-503 155 27 first first ADJ flr-503 155 28 courses course NOUN flr-503 155 29 in in ADP flr-503 155 30 my my PRON flr-503 155 31 program program NOUN flr-503 155 32 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 155 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 155 34 3 3 NUM flr-503 155 35 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 155 36 i i PRON flr-503 155 37 expect expect VERB flr-503 155 38 to to PART flr-503 155 39 do do VERB flr-503 155 40 well well ADV flr-503 155 41 in in ADP flr-503 155 42 the the DET flr-503 155 43 first first ADJ flr-503 155 44 courses course NOUN flr-503 155 45 in in ADP flr-503 155 46 my my PRON flr-503 155 47 program program NOUN flr-503 155 48 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 155 49 , , PUNCT flr-503 155 50 while while SCONJ flr-503 155 51 the the DET flr-503 155 52 remaining remain VERB flr-503 155 53 instances instance NOUN flr-503 155 54 of of ADP flr-503 155 55 local local ADJ flr-503 155 56 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 155 57 were be AUX flr-503 155 58 both both CCONJ flr-503 155 59 weak weak ADJ flr-503 155 60 . . PUNCT flr-503 156 1 no no DET flr-503 156 2 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 156 3 of of ADP flr-503 156 4 dif dif ADV flr-503 156 5 was be AUX flr-503 156 6 found find VERB flr-503 156 7 in in ADP flr-503 156 8 relation relation NOUN flr-503 156 9 to to ADP flr-503 156 10 the the DET flr-503 156 11 pae pae NOUN flr-503 156 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 156 13 se se ADJ flr-503 156 14 scale scale NOUN flr-503 156 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 157 1 figure figure NOUN flr-503 157 2 1 1 NUM flr-503 157 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 158 1 the the DET flr-503 158 2 final final ADJ flr-503 158 3 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 158 4 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 158 5 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 158 6 models model NOUN flr-503 158 7 for for ADP flr-503 158 8 the the DET flr-503 158 9 pre pre ADJ flr-503 158 10 - - ADJ flr-503 158 11 academic academic ADJ flr-503 158 12 learning learning NOUN flr-503 158 13 self self NOUN flr-503 158 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 158 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 158 16 subscale subscale NOUN flr-503 158 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 158 18 left left ADJ flr-503 158 19 side side NOUN flr-503 158 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 158 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 158 22 the the DET flr-503 158 23 pre pre ADJ flr-503 158 24 - - ADJ flr-503 158 25 academic academic ADJ flr-503 158 26 exam exam NOUN flr-503 158 27 self self NOUN flr-503 158 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 158 29 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 158 30 subscale subscale NOUN flr-503 158 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 158 32 right right ADJ flr-503 158 33 side side NOUN flr-503 158 34 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 158 35 . . PUNCT flr-503 159 1 notes note NOUN flr-503 159 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 160 1 correlations correlation NOUN flr-503 160 2 are be AUX flr-503 160 3 partial partial ADJ flr-503 160 4 goodman goodman PROPN flr-503 160 5 & & CCONJ flr-503 160 6 kruskal†kruskal†PROPN flr-503 160 7 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 160 8 s s PART flr-503 160 9 gamma gamma NOUN flr-503 160 10 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-503 160 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 161 1 in in ADP flr-503 161 2 the the DET flr-503 161 3 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 161 4 for for ADP flr-503 161 5 the the DET flr-503 161 6 pal pal NOUN flr-503 161 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 161 8 se se NOUN flr-503 161 9 scale scale NOUN flr-503 161 10 no no DET flr-503 161 11 gamma gamma NOUN flr-503 161 12 coefficient coefficient NOUN flr-503 161 13 is be AUX flr-503 161 14 available available ADJ flr-503 161 15 to to PART flr-503 161 16 describe describe VERB flr-503 161 17 the the DET flr-503 161 18 dif dif NOUN flr-503 161 19 of of ADP flr-503 161 20 item item NOUN flr-503 161 21 two two NUM flr-503 161 22 relative relative ADJ flr-503 161 23 to to ADP flr-503 161 24 degree degree NOUN flr-503 161 25 program program NOUN flr-503 161 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 161 27 as as SCONJ flr-503 161 28 this this PRON flr-503 161 29 is be AUX flr-503 161 30 a a DET flr-503 161 31 nominal nominal ADJ flr-503 161 32 variable variable NOUN flr-503 161 33 the the DET flr-503 161 34 chi chi ADJ flr-503 161 35 - - PUNCT flr-503 161 36 square square ADJ flr-503 161 37 value value NOUN flr-503 161 38 is be AUX flr-503 161 39 shown show VERB flr-503 161 40 instead instead ADV flr-503 161 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 162 1 similarly similarly ADV flr-503 162 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 162 3 in in ADP flr-503 162 4 the the DET flr-503 162 5 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 162 6 for for ADP flr-503 162 7 the the DET flr-503 162 8 pae pae NOUN flr-503 162 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 162 10 se se NOUN flr-503 162 11 scale scale NOUN flr-503 162 12 the the DET flr-503 162 13 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 162 14 between between ADP flr-503 162 15 degree degree NOUN flr-503 162 16 program program NOUN flr-503 162 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 162 18 the the DET flr-503 162 19 pae pae NOUN flr-503 162 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 162 21 se se ADJ flr-503 162 22 score score NOUN flr-503 162 23 is be AUX flr-503 162 24 so so ADV flr-503 162 25 low low ADJ flr-503 162 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 162 27 .01 .01 NUM flr-503 162 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 162 29 because because SCONJ flr-503 162 30 the the DET flr-503 162 31 association association NOUN flr-503 162 32 is be AUX flr-503 162 33 not not PART flr-503 162 34 an an DET flr-503 162 35 ordered order VERB flr-503 162 36 one one NUM flr-503 162 37 across across ADP flr-503 162 38 the the DET flr-503 162 39 nine nine NUM flr-503 162 40 nominal nominal ADJ flr-503 162 41 degree degree NOUN flr-503 162 42 programs program NOUN flr-503 162 43 . . PUNCT flr-503 163 1 table table NOUN flr-503 163 2 2 2 NUM flr-503 163 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 163 4 global global ADJ flr-503 163 5 tests test NOUN flr-503 163 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 163 7 of of ADP flr-503 163 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 163 9 fit fit ADJ flr-503 163 10 and and CCONJ flr-503 163 11 differential differential ADJ flr-503 163 12 item item NOUN flr-503 163 13 function function NOUN flr-503 163 14 for for ADP flr-503 163 15 the the DET flr-503 163 16 pre pre ADJ flr-503 163 17 - - ADJ flr-503 163 18 academic academic ADJ flr-503 163 19 exam exam NOUN flr-503 163 20 self self NOUN flr-503 163 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 163 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 163 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 163 24 the the DET flr-503 163 25 pre pre ADJ flr-503 163 26 - - ADJ flr-503 163 27 academic academic ADJ flr-503 163 28 learning learning NOUN flr-503 163 29 self self NOUN flr-503 163 30 - - PUNCT flr-503 163 31 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 163 32 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 163 33 for for ADP flr-503 163 34 the the DET flr-503 163 35 total total ADJ flr-503 163 36 sample sample NOUN flr-503 163 37 notes note NOUN flr-503 163 38 . . PUNCT flr-503 164 1 pal pal NOUN flr-503 164 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 164 3 se se ADJ flr-503 164 4 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 5 pre pre ADJ flr-503 164 6 - - ADJ flr-503 164 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 164 8 learning learning NOUN flr-503 164 9 self self NOUN flr-503 164 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 164 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 164 12 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 13 pae pae X flr-503 164 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 164 15 se se ADJ flr-503 164 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 17 pre pre ADJ flr-503 164 18 - - ADJ flr-503 164 19 academic academic ADJ flr-503 164 20 exam exam NOUN flr-503 164 21 self self NOUN flr-503 164 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 164 23 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 164 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 25 rm rm NOUN flr-503 164 26 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 27 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 164 28 model model PROPN flr-503 164 29 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 30 gllrm gllrm PROPN flr-503 164 31 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 32 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 164 33 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 164 34 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 164 35 model model PROPN flr-503 164 36 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 37 clr clr NOUN flr-503 164 38 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 39 conditional conditional ADJ flr-503 164 40 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 164 41 ratio ratio NOUN flr-503 164 42 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 43 df df NOUN flr-503 164 44 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 45 degrees degree NOUN flr-503 164 46 of of ADP flr-503 164 47 freedom freedom NOUN flr-503 164 48 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 49 p p X flr-503 164 50 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 51 p p NOUN flr-503 164 52 - - PUNCT flr-503 164 53 value value NOUN flr-503 164 54 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 164 55 dif dif ADV flr-503 164 56 : : PUNCT flr-503 164 57 differential differential ADJ flr-503 164 58 item item NOUN flr-503 164 59 function function NOUN flr-503 164 60 . . PUNCT flr-503 165 1 global global ADJ flr-503 165 2 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN flr-503 165 3 test test NOUN flr-503 165 4 compares compare VERB flr-503 165 5 items item NOUN flr-503 165 6 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 165 7 in in ADP flr-503 165 8 approximately approximately ADV flr-503 165 9 equal equal ADJ flr-503 165 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 165 11 sized sized ADJ flr-503 165 12 groups group NOUN flr-503 165 13 of of ADP flr-503 165 14 high high ADJ flr-503 165 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 165 16 low low ADJ flr-503 165 17 scoring scoring NOUN flr-503 165 18 parents parent NOUN flr-503 165 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 166 1 the the DET flr-503 166 2 critical critical ADJ flr-503 166 3 limits limit NOUN flr-503 166 4 for for ADP flr-503 166 5 the the DET flr-503 166 6 p p NOUN flr-503 166 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 166 8 values value NOUN flr-503 166 9 after after ADP flr-503 166 10 adjusting adjust VERB flr-503 166 11 for for ADP flr-503 166 12 false false ADJ flr-503 166 13 discovery discovery NOUN flr-503 166 14 rate rate NOUN flr-503 166 15 were be AUX flr-503 166 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 166 17 ï€ ï€ VERB flr-503 166 18 « « PUNCT flr-503 166 19 5 5 NUM flr-503 166 20 % % NOUN flr-503 166 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 166 22 1 1 NUM flr-503 166 23 % % NOUN flr-503 166 24 limit limit NOUN flr-503 166 25 unaltered unaltered ADJ flr-503 166 26 . . PUNCT flr-503 167 1 5 5 NUM flr-503 167 2 % % NOUN flr-503 167 3 limit limit NOUN flr-503 167 4 p p NOUN flr-503 167 5 = = PROPN flr-503 167 6 .0083 .0083 PROPN flr-503 167 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 167 8 1 1 NUM flr-503 167 9 % % NOUN flr-503 167 10 limit limit NOUN flr-503 167 11 p p NOUN flr-503 167 12 = = PROPN flr-503 167 13 .0017 .0017 PROPN flr-503 167 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 168 1 athe athe PROPN flr-503 168 2 gllrm gllrm PROPN flr-503 168 3 for for ADP flr-503 168 4 the the DET flr-503 168 5 pae pae NOUN flr-503 168 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 168 7 se se ADJ flr-503 168 8 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 168 9 assumed assume VERB flr-503 168 10 that that SCONJ flr-503 168 11 some some DET flr-503 168 12 items item NOUN flr-503 168 13 pairs pair NOUN flr-503 168 14 are be AUX flr-503 168 15 locally locally ADV flr-503 168 16 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 168 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 168 18 items item NOUN flr-503 168 19 3 3 NUM flr-503 168 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 168 21 4 4 NUM flr-503 168 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 168 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 168 24 items item NOUN flr-503 168 25 3 3 NUM flr-503 168 26 and and CCONJ flr-503 168 27 2 2 NUM flr-503 168 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 168 29 and and CCONJ flr-503 168 30 items item NOUN flr-503 168 31 2 2 NUM flr-503 168 32 and and CCONJ flr-503 168 33 1 1 NUM flr-503 168 34 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 168 35 . . PUNCT flr-503 169 1 bthe bthe DET flr-503 169 2 gllrm gllrm PROPN flr-503 169 3 for for ADP flr-503 169 4 the the DET flr-503 169 5 pal pal NOUN flr-503 169 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 169 7 se se PROPN flr-503 169 8 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 169 9 assumed assume VERB flr-503 169 10 that that SCONJ flr-503 169 11 items item NOUN flr-503 169 12 1 1 NUM flr-503 169 13 and and CCONJ flr-503 169 14 3 3 NUM flr-503 169 15 are be AUX flr-503 169 16 locally locally ADV flr-503 169 17 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 169 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 169 19 that that PRON flr-503 169 20 item item NOUN flr-503 169 21 2 2 NUM flr-503 169 22 functions function NOUN flr-503 169 23 differentially differentially ADV flr-503 169 24 relative relative ADJ flr-503 169 25 to to ADP flr-503 169 26 degree degree NOUN flr-503 169 27 program program NOUN flr-503 169 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 170 1 table table NOUN flr-503 170 2 3 3 NUM flr-503 170 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 170 4 item item PROPN flr-503 170 5 fit fit ADJ flr-503 170 6 statistics statistic NOUN flr-503 170 7 for for ADP flr-503 170 8 the the DET flr-503 170 9 pre pre ADJ flr-503 170 10 - - ADJ flr-503 170 11 academic academic ADJ flr-503 170 12 exam exam NOUN flr-503 170 13 self self NOUN flr-503 170 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 170 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 170 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 170 17 the the DET flr-503 170 18 pre pre ADJ flr-503 170 19 - - ADJ flr-503 170 20 academic academic ADJ flr-503 170 21 learning learning NOUN flr-503 170 22 self self NOUN flr-503 170 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 170 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 170 25 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 170 26 under under ADP flr-503 170 27 the the DET flr-503 170 28 respective respective ADJ flr-503 170 29 rm rm NOUN flr-503 170 30 and and CCONJ flr-503 170 31 the the DET flr-503 170 32 gllrms gllrm NOUN flr-503 170 33 notes note VERB flr-503 170 34 . . PUNCT flr-503 171 1 pal pal NOUN flr-503 171 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 171 3 se se ADJ flr-503 171 4 : : PUNCT flr-503 171 5 pre pre ADJ flr-503 171 6 - - ADJ flr-503 171 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 171 8 learning learning NOUN flr-503 171 9 self self NOUN flr-503 171 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 171 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 171 12 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 171 13 pae pae X flr-503 171 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 171 15 se se ADJ flr-503 171 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 171 17 pre pre ADJ flr-503 171 18 - - ADJ flr-503 171 19 academic academic ADJ flr-503 171 20 exam exam NOUN flr-503 171 21 self self NOUN flr-503 171 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 171 23 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 171 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 171 25 ï ï X flr-503 171 26 � � PROPN flr-503 171 27 § § PROPN flr-503 171 28 = = PROPN flr-503 171 29 goodman goodman PROPN flr-503 171 30 & & CCONJ flr-503 171 31 kruskal†kruskal†PROPN flr-503 171 32 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 171 33 s s PART flr-503 171 34 gamma gamma NOUN flr-503 171 35 coefficients coefficient NOUN flr-503 171 36 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 171 37 rm rm NOUN flr-503 171 38 : : PUNCT flr-503 171 39 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 171 40 model model PROPN flr-503 171 41 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 171 42 gllrm gllrm PROPN flr-503 171 43 : : PUNCT flr-503 171 44 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 171 45 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 171 46 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 171 47 model model PROPN flr-503 171 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 172 1 the the DET flr-503 172 2 critical critical ADJ flr-503 172 3 limits limit NOUN flr-503 172 4 for for ADP flr-503 172 5 the the DET flr-503 172 6 p p NOUN flr-503 172 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 172 8 values value NOUN flr-503 172 9 after after ADP flr-503 172 10 adjusting adjust VERB flr-503 172 11 for for ADP flr-503 172 12 false false ADJ flr-503 172 13 discovery discovery NOUN flr-503 172 14 rate rate NOUN flr-503 172 15 were be AUX flr-503 172 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 172 17 ï€ ï€ VERB flr-503 172 18 « « PUNCT flr-503 172 19 5 5 NUM flr-503 172 20 % % NOUN flr-503 172 21 limit limit NOUN flr-503 172 22 unaltered unaltere VERB flr-503 172 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 172 24 1 1 NUM flr-503 172 25 % % NOUN flr-503 172 26 limit limit NOUN flr-503 172 27 p p NOUN flr-503 172 28 = = NOUN flr-503 172 29 .0092 .0092 PROPN flr-503 172 30 . . PUNCT flr-503 173 1 ï€«ï€ ï€«ï€ ADP flr-503 173 2 « « PUNCT flr-503 173 3 5 5 NUM flr-503 173 4 % % NOUN flr-503 173 5 limit limit NOUN flr-503 173 6 p p NOUN flr-503 173 7 = = PROPN flr-503 173 8 .0375 .0375 PROPN flr-503 173 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 173 10 1 1 NUM flr-503 173 11 % % NOUN flr-503 173 12 limit limit NOUN flr-503 173 13 p p X flr-503 173 14 = = SYM flr-503 173 15 .0058 .0058 PROPN flr-503 173 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 173 17 ï€«ï€«ï€ ï€«ï€«ï€ PROPN flr-503 173 18 « « PUNCT flr-503 173 19 5 5 NUM flr-503 173 20 % % NOUN flr-503 173 21 limit limit NOUN flr-503 173 22 p p NOUN flr-503 173 23 = = PUNCT flr-503 173 24 .0197 .0197 PROPN flr-503 173 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 173 26 1 1 NUM flr-503 173 27 % % NOUN flr-503 173 28 limit limit NOUN flr-503 173 29 p p NOUN flr-503 173 30 = = NOUN flr-503 173 31 .0023 .0023 PROPN flr-503 173 32 . . PUNCT flr-503 174 1 a a DET flr-503 174 2 the the DET flr-503 174 3 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 174 4 for for ADP flr-503 174 5 the the DET flr-503 174 6 pae pae NOUN flr-503 174 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 174 8 se se ADJ flr-503 174 9 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 174 10 assumes assume VERB flr-503 174 11 that that SCONJ flr-503 174 12 some some DET flr-503 174 13 items item NOUN flr-503 174 14 pairs pair NOUN flr-503 174 15 are be AUX flr-503 174 16 locally locally ADV flr-503 174 17 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 174 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 174 19 items item NOUN flr-503 174 20 3 3 NUM flr-503 174 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 22 4 4 NUM flr-503 174 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 174 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 25 items item NOUN flr-503 174 26 3 3 NUM flr-503 174 27 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 28 2 2 NUM flr-503 174 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 174 30 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 31 items item NOUN flr-503 174 32 2 2 NUM flr-503 174 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 34 1 1 NUM flr-503 174 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 174 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 174 37 while while SCONJ flr-503 174 38 the the DET flr-503 174 39 gllrm gllrm NOUN flr-503 174 40 for for ADP flr-503 174 41 the the DET flr-503 174 42 pal pal NOUN flr-503 174 43 - - PUNCT flr-503 174 44 se se PROPN flr-503 174 45 subscale subscale PROPN flr-503 174 46 assumes assume VERB flr-503 174 47 that that SCONJ flr-503 174 48 items item NOUN flr-503 174 49 1 1 NUM flr-503 174 50 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 51 3 3 NUM flr-503 174 52 are be AUX flr-503 174 53 locally locally ADV flr-503 174 54 dependent dependent ADJ flr-503 174 55 and and CCONJ flr-503 174 56 that that PRON flr-503 174 57 item item NOUN flr-503 174 58 2 2 NUM flr-503 174 59 functions function NOUN flr-503 174 60 differentially differentially ADV flr-503 174 61 relative relative ADJ flr-503 174 62 to to ADP flr-503 174 63 degree degree NOUN flr-503 174 64 program program NOUN flr-503 174 65 . . PUNCT flr-503 175 1 3.1 3.1 NUM flr-503 175 2 effect effect NOUN flr-503 175 3 of of ADP flr-503 175 4 degree degree NOUN flr-503 175 5 program program NOUN flr-503 175 6 dif dif ADV flr-503 175 7 a a DET flr-503 175 8 single single ADJ flr-503 175 9 item item NOUN flr-503 175 10 in in ADP flr-503 175 11 the the DET flr-503 175 12 pal pal NOUN flr-503 175 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 175 14 se se NOUN flr-503 175 15 scale scale NOUN flr-503 175 16 suffered suffer VERB flr-503 175 17 from from ADP flr-503 175 18 dif dif ADV flr-503 175 19 relative relative ADJ flr-503 175 20 to to ADP flr-503 175 21 degree degree NOUN flr-503 175 22 program program NOUN flr-503 175 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 176 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 176 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 176 3 to to PART flr-503 176 4 be be AUX flr-503 176 5 able able ADJ flr-503 176 6 to to PART flr-503 176 7 use use VERB flr-503 176 8 either either CCONJ flr-503 176 9 the the DET flr-503 176 10 summed sum VERB flr-503 176 11 scale scale NOUN flr-503 176 12 scores score NOUN flr-503 176 13 or or CCONJ flr-503 176 14 the the DET flr-503 176 15 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 176 16 person person NOUN flr-503 176 17 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 176 18 in in ADP flr-503 176 19 subsequent subsequent ADJ flr-503 176 20 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 176 21 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 176 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 176 23 the the PRON flr-503 176 24 dif dif X flr-503 176 25 first first ADV flr-503 176 26 has have VERB flr-503 176 27 to to PART flr-503 176 28 be be AUX flr-503 176 29 taken take VERB flr-503 176 30 into into ADP flr-503 176 31 account account NOUN flr-503 176 32 by by ADP flr-503 176 33 adjusting adjust VERB flr-503 176 34 scores score NOUN flr-503 176 35 accordingly accordingly ADV flr-503 176 36 . . PUNCT flr-503 177 1 in in ADP flr-503 177 2 the the DET flr-503 177 3 appendix appendix NOUN flr-503 177 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 177 5 we we PRON flr-503 177 6 provide provide VERB flr-503 177 7 conversion conversion NOUN flr-503 177 8 tables table NOUN flr-503 177 9 providing provide VERB flr-503 177 10 both both CCONJ flr-503 177 11 the the DET flr-503 177 12 necessary necessary ADJ flr-503 177 13 information information NOUN flr-503 177 14 for for ADP flr-503 177 15 converting convert VERB flr-503 177 16 the the DET flr-503 177 17 summed sum VERB flr-503 177 18 scale scale NOUN flr-503 177 19 scores score NOUN flr-503 177 20 to to ADP flr-503 177 21 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 177 22 person person NOUN flr-503 177 23 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 177 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 177 25 the the DET flr-503 177 26 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 177 27 person person NOUN flr-503 177 28 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 177 29 for for ADP flr-503 177 30 all all DET flr-503 177 31 the the DET flr-503 177 32 different different ADJ flr-503 177 33 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 177 34 affected affect VERB flr-503 177 35 by by ADP flr-503 177 36 the the DET flr-503 177 37 dif dif ADJ flr-503 177 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 177 39 and and CCONJ flr-503 177 40 dif dif ADV flr-503 177 41 - - PUNCT flr-503 177 42 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 177 43 scale scale NOUN flr-503 177 44 scores score NOUN flr-503 177 45 for for ADP flr-503 177 46 these these DET flr-503 177 47 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 177 48 where where SCONJ flr-503 177 49 appropriate appropriate ADJ flr-503 177 50 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 177 51 table table NOUN flr-503 177 52 a3 a3 NOUN flr-503 177 53 parts part NOUN flr-503 177 54 1 1 NUM flr-503 177 55 to to ADP flr-503 177 56 3 3 NUM flr-503 177 57 for for ADP flr-503 177 58 the the DET flr-503 177 59 pal pal NOUN flr-503 177 60 - - PUNCT flr-503 177 61 se se NOUN flr-503 177 62 scale scale NOUN flr-503 177 63 , , PUNCT flr-503 177 64 and and CCONJ flr-503 177 65 table table NOUN flr-503 177 66 a4 a4 NOUN flr-503 177 67 for for ADP flr-503 177 68 the the DET flr-503 177 69 pae pae NOUN flr-503 177 70 - - PUNCT flr-503 177 71 se se ADJ flr-503 177 72 scale scale NOUN flr-503 177 73 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 177 74 . . PUNCT flr-503 178 1 using use VERB flr-503 178 2 the the DET flr-503 178 3 summed summed NOUN flr-503 178 4 and and CCONJ flr-503 178 5 the the DET flr-503 178 6 dif dif ADV flr-503 178 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 178 8 equated equate VERB flr-503 178 9 scores score NOUN flr-503 178 10 for for ADP flr-503 178 11 the the DET flr-503 178 12 pal pal NOUN flr-503 178 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 178 14 se se NOUN flr-503 178 15 scale scale NOUN flr-503 178 16 it it PRON flr-503 178 17 is be AUX flr-503 178 18 possible possible ADJ flr-503 178 19 to to PART flr-503 178 20 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 178 21 to to PART flr-503 178 22 which which DET flr-503 178 23 extent extent NOUN flr-503 178 24 the the DET flr-503 178 25 degree degree NOUN flr-503 178 26 program program NOUN flr-503 178 27 dif dif ADV flr-503 178 28 would would AUX flr-503 178 29 confound confound VERB flr-503 178 30 subsequent subsequent ADJ flr-503 178 31 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 178 32 comparison comparison NOUN flr-503 178 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 178 34 if if SCONJ flr-503 178 35 not not PART flr-503 178 36 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 178 37 for for ADP flr-503 178 38 . . PUNCT flr-503 179 1 the the DET flr-503 179 2 results result NOUN flr-503 179 3 of of ADP flr-503 179 4 such such DET flr-503 179 5 an an DET flr-503 179 6 overall overall ADJ flr-503 179 7 comparison comparison NOUN flr-503 179 8 is be AUX flr-503 179 9 shown show VERB flr-503 179 10 in in ADP flr-503 179 11 table table NOUN flr-503 179 12 4 4 NUM flr-503 179 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 179 14 table table NOUN flr-503 179 15 4 4 NUM flr-503 179 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 179 17 comparison comparison NOUN flr-503 179 18 of of ADP flr-503 179 19 observed observed ADJ flr-503 179 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 179 21 dif dif ADV flr-503 179 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 179 23 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 179 24 mean mean ADJ flr-503 179 25 pre pre ADJ flr-503 179 26 - - ADJ flr-503 179 27 academic academic ADJ flr-503 179 28 learning learning NOUN flr-503 179 29 self self NOUN flr-503 179 30 - - PUNCT flr-503 179 31 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 179 32 scores score NOUN flr-503 179 33 in in ADP flr-503 179 34 the the DET flr-503 179 35 degree degree NOUN flr-503 179 36 program program NOUN flr-503 179 37 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 179 38 affected affect VERB flr-503 179 39 by by ADP flr-503 179 40 differential differential ADJ flr-503 179 41 item item NOUN flr-503 179 42 functioning function VERB flr-503 179 43 notes note NOUN flr-503 179 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 180 1 se se ADJ flr-503 180 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 180 3 standard standard ADJ flr-503 180 4 error error NOUN flr-503 180 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 181 1 overall overall ADJ flr-503 181 2 differences difference NOUN flr-503 181 3 in in ADP flr-503 181 4 observed observe VERB flr-503 181 5 mean mean NOUN flr-503 181 6 scores score NOUN flr-503 181 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 181 8 x2 x2 X flr-503 181 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 181 10 8) 8) NUM flr-503 181 11 = = SYM flr-503 181 12 59.1 59.1 NUM flr-503 181 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 181 14 p p X flr-503 181 15 < < X flr-503 181 16 .001 .001 NUM flr-503 181 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 181 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 182 1 overall overall ADJ flr-503 182 2 differences difference NOUN flr-503 182 3 in in ADP flr-503 182 4 adjusted adjusted ADJ flr-503 182 5 mean mean NOUN flr-503 182 6 scores score NOUN flr-503 182 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 182 8 x2 x2 X flr-503 182 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 182 10 8) 8) NUM flr-503 182 11 = = SYM flr-503 182 12 52.1 52.1 NUM flr-503 182 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 182 14 p p X flr-503 182 15 = = NOUN flr-503 182 16 .001 .001 NUM flr-503 182 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 182 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 183 1 in in ADP flr-503 183 2 addition addition NOUN flr-503 183 3 to to ADP flr-503 183 4 the the DET flr-503 183 5 overall overall ADJ flr-503 183 6 tests test NOUN flr-503 183 7 of of ADP flr-503 183 8 difference difference NOUN flr-503 183 9 in in ADP flr-503 183 10 the the DET flr-503 183 11 observed observe VERB flr-503 183 12 mean mean NOUN flr-503 183 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 183 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 183 15 se se NOUN flr-503 183 16 scores score NOUN flr-503 183 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 183 18 the the DET flr-503 183 19 dif dif ADV flr-503 183 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 183 21 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 183 22 mean mean ADJ flr-503 183 23 pal pal NOUN flr-503 183 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 183 25 se se ADJ flr-503 183 26 scores score NOUN flr-503 183 27 of of ADP flr-503 183 28 students student NOUN flr-503 183 29 admitted admit VERB flr-503 183 30 to to ADP flr-503 183 31 the the DET flr-503 183 32 nine nine NUM flr-503 183 33 different different ADJ flr-503 183 34 degree degree NOUN flr-503 183 35 programs program NOUN flr-503 183 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 183 37 we we PRON flr-503 183 38 conducted conduct VERB flr-503 183 39 post post ADJ flr-503 183 40 - - ADJ flr-503 183 41 hoc hoc ADJ flr-503 183 42 step step NOUN flr-503 183 43 - - PUNCT flr-503 183 44 wise wise ADJ flr-503 183 45 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 183 46 of of ADP flr-503 183 47 pairwise pairwise NOUN flr-503 183 48 collapsibility collapsibility NOUN flr-503 183 49 of of ADP flr-503 183 50 the the DET flr-503 183 51 nine nine NUM flr-503 183 52 nominal nominal ADJ flr-503 183 53 degree degree NOUN flr-503 183 54 program program NOUN flr-503 183 55 categories category NOUN flr-503 183 56 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 183 57 see see VERB flr-503 183 58 supplement supplement NOUN flr-503 183 59 file file NOUN flr-503 183 60 for for ADP flr-503 183 61 details detail NOUN flr-503 183 62 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 183 63 . . PUNCT flr-503 184 1 in in ADP flr-503 184 2 the the DET flr-503 184 3 case case NOUN flr-503 184 4 of of ADP flr-503 184 5 the the DET flr-503 184 6 observed observed ADJ flr-503 184 7 scores score NOUN flr-503 184 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 9 the the DET flr-503 184 10 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 184 11 of of ADP flr-503 184 12 pairwise pairwise NOUN flr-503 184 13 collapsibility collapsibility NOUN flr-503 184 14 resulted result VERB flr-503 184 15 in in ADP flr-503 184 16 four four NUM flr-503 184 17 groups group NOUN flr-503 184 18 of of ADP flr-503 184 19 degree degree NOUN flr-503 184 20 programs program NOUN flr-503 184 21 with with ADP flr-503 184 22 significantly significantly ADV flr-503 184 23 different different ADJ flr-503 184 24 mean mean NOUN flr-503 184 25 pal pal NOUN flr-503 184 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 184 27 se se NOUN flr-503 184 28 scores score NOUN flr-503 184 29 : : PUNCT flr-503 184 30 medicine medicine NOUN flr-503 184 31 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 32 political political ADJ flr-503 184 33 science science NOUN flr-503 184 34 & & CCONJ flr-503 184 35 biology biology NOUN flr-503 184 36 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 184 37 mean mean NOUN flr-503 184 38 12.68 12.68 NUM flr-503 184 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 40 se se X flr-503 184 41 .087 .087 NUM flr-503 184 42 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 184 43 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 184 44 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 184 45 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 46 law law NOUN flr-503 184 47 & & CCONJ flr-503 184 48 danish danish ADJ flr-503 184 49 language language NOUN flr-503 184 50 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 184 51 mean mean NOUN flr-503 184 52 12.34 12.34 NUM flr-503 184 53 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 54 se se X flr-503 184 55 .089 .089 NUM flr-503 184 56 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 184 57 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 184 58 economy economy NOUN flr-503 184 59 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 184 60 mean mean NOUN flr-503 184 61 13.14 13.14 NUM flr-503 184 62 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 63 se se PROPN flr-503 184 64 .156 .156 NUM flr-503 184 65 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 184 66 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 184 67 and and CCONJ flr-503 184 68 finally finally ADV flr-503 184 69 computer computer NOUN flr-503 184 70 science science NOUN flr-503 184 71 & & CCONJ flr-503 184 72 history history NOUN flr-503 184 73 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 184 74 13.65 13.65 NUM flr-503 184 75 , , PUNCT flr-503 184 76 se se X flr-503 184 77 .162 .162 NUM flr-503 184 78 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 184 79 . . PUNCT flr-503 185 1 the the DET flr-503 185 2 pairwise pairwise NOUN flr-503 185 3 collapsibility collapsibility NOUN flr-503 185 4 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 185 5 of of ADP flr-503 185 6 the the DET flr-503 185 7 dif dif ADV flr-503 185 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 185 9 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 185 10 scores score NOUN flr-503 185 11 resulted result VERB flr-503 185 12 in in ADP flr-503 185 13 only only ADV flr-503 185 14 two two NUM flr-503 185 15 groups group NOUN flr-503 185 16 of of ADP flr-503 185 17 degree degree NOUN flr-503 185 18 programs program NOUN flr-503 185 19 with with ADP flr-503 185 20 significantly significantly ADV flr-503 185 21 different different ADJ flr-503 185 22 mean mean NOUN flr-503 185 23 pal pal NOUN flr-503 185 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 185 25 se se NOUN flr-503 185 26 scores score NOUN flr-503 185 27 : : PUNCT flr-503 185 28 medicine medicine NOUN flr-503 185 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 30 political political ADJ flr-503 185 31 science science NOUN flr-503 185 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 33 biology biology NOUN flr-503 185 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 35 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 185 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 37 law law NOUN flr-503 185 38 & & CCONJ flr-503 185 39 danish danish ADJ flr-503 185 40 language language NOUN flr-503 185 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 185 42 mean mean NOUN flr-503 185 43 12.54 12.54 NUM flr-503 185 44 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 45 se se X flr-503 185 46 .063 .063 NUM flr-503 185 47 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 185 48 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 185 49 economy economy NOUN flr-503 185 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 51 computer computer NOUN flr-503 185 52 science science NOUN flr-503 185 53 & & CCONJ flr-503 185 54 history history NOUN flr-503 185 55 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 185 56 13.41 13.41 NUM flr-503 185 57 , , PUNCT flr-503 185 58 se se X flr-503 185 59 .114 .114 NUM flr-503 185 60 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 185 61 . . PUNCT flr-503 186 1 3.2 3.2 NUM flr-503 186 2 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 186 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 186 4 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 186 5 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 186 6 of of ADP flr-503 186 7 the the DET flr-503 186 8 pal pal NOUN flr-503 186 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 186 10 se se PROPN flr-503 186 11 and and CCONJ flr-503 186 12 pae pae PROPN flr-503 186 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 186 14 se se ADJ flr-503 186 15 scales scale NOUN flr-503 186 16 was be AUX flr-503 186 17 very very ADV flr-503 186 18 different different ADJ flr-503 186 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 186 20 table table NOUN flr-503 186 21 5 5 NUM flr-503 186 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 186 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 187 1 targeting target VERB flr-503 187 2 of of ADP flr-503 187 3 the the DET flr-503 187 4 pal pal NOUN flr-503 187 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 187 6 se se NOUN flr-503 187 7 scale scale NOUN flr-503 187 8 was be AUX flr-503 187 9 considered consider VERB flr-503 187 10 good good ADJ flr-503 187 11 for for ADP flr-503 187 12 all all DET flr-503 187 13 students student NOUN flr-503 187 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 187 15 though though SCONJ flr-503 187 16 it it PRON flr-503 187 17 varied vary VERB flr-503 187 18 slightly slightly ADV flr-503 187 19 across across ADP flr-503 187 20 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 187 21 of of ADP flr-503 187 22 students student NOUN flr-503 187 23 admitted admit VERB flr-503 187 24 to to ADP flr-503 187 25 the the DET flr-503 187 26 nine nine NUM flr-503 187 27 different different ADJ flr-503 187 28 degree degree NOUN flr-503 187 29 programs program NOUN flr-503 187 30 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 187 31 ranging range VERB flr-503 187 32 from from ADP flr-503 187 33 73 73 NUM flr-503 187 34 % % NOUN flr-503 187 35 to to PART flr-503 187 36 81 81 NUM flr-503 187 37 % % NOUN flr-503 187 38 of of ADP flr-503 187 39 the the DET flr-503 187 40 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 187 41 information information NOUN flr-503 187 42 obtained obtain VERB flr-503 187 43 for for ADP flr-503 187 44 students student NOUN flr-503 187 45 admitted admit VERB flr-503 187 46 to to ADP flr-503 187 47 biology biology NOUN flr-503 187 48 and and CCONJ flr-503 187 49 economy economy NOUN flr-503 187 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 187 51 respectively respectively ADV flr-503 187 52 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 187 53 . . PUNCT flr-503 188 1 targeting target VERB flr-503 188 2 of of ADP flr-503 188 3 the the DET flr-503 188 4 pae pae NOUN flr-503 188 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 188 6 se se ADJ flr-503 188 7 scale scale NOUN flr-503 188 8 was be AUX flr-503 188 9 the the DET flr-503 188 10 same same ADJ flr-503 188 11 for for ADP flr-503 188 12 all all DET flr-503 188 13 students student NOUN flr-503 188 14 and and CCONJ flr-503 188 15 not not PART flr-503 188 16 good good ADJ flr-503 188 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 188 18 52 52 NUM flr-503 188 19 % % NOUN flr-503 188 20 of of ADP flr-503 188 21 the the DET flr-503 188 22 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 188 23 information information NOUN flr-503 188 24 obtained obtain VERB flr-503 188 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 188 26 . . PUNCT flr-503 189 1 the the DET flr-503 189 2 differences difference NOUN flr-503 189 3 in in ADP flr-503 189 4 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 189 5 are be AUX flr-503 189 6 also also ADV flr-503 189 7 illustrated illustrate VERB flr-503 189 8 by by ADP flr-503 189 9 the the DET flr-503 189 10 item item NOUN flr-503 189 11 maps map NOUN flr-503 189 12 showing show VERB flr-503 189 13 the the DET flr-503 189 14 relative relative ADJ flr-503 189 15 locations location NOUN flr-503 189 16 of of ADP flr-503 189 17 person person NOUN flr-503 189 18 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 189 19 and and CCONJ flr-503 189 20 item item NOUN flr-503 189 21 thresholds threshold NOUN flr-503 189 22 along along ADP flr-503 189 23 the the DET flr-503 189 24 two two NUM flr-503 189 25 theta theta NOUN flr-503 189 26 scales scale NOUN flr-503 189 27 as as ADV flr-503 189 28 well well ADV flr-503 189 29 as as ADP flr-503 189 30 the the DET flr-503 189 31 test test NOUN flr-503 189 32 information information NOUN flr-503 189 33 curves curve NOUN flr-503 189 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 189 35 figure figure NOUN flr-503 189 36 a1 a1 NOUN flr-503 189 37 in in ADP flr-503 189 38 the the DET flr-503 189 39 appendix appendix ADJ flr-503 189 40 file file NOUN flr-503 189 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 189 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 190 1 the the DET flr-503 190 2 item item NOUN flr-503 190 3 map map NOUN flr-503 190 4 for for ADP flr-503 190 5 the the DET flr-503 190 6 pae pae NOUN flr-503 190 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 190 8 se se ADJ flr-503 190 9 scale scale NOUN flr-503 190 10 shows show VERB flr-503 190 11 that that SCONJ flr-503 190 12 even even ADV flr-503 190 13 though though SCONJ flr-503 190 14 person person NOUN flr-503 190 15 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 190 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 190 17 item item NOUN flr-503 190 18 thresholds threshold NOUN flr-503 190 19 are be AUX flr-503 190 20 both both PRON flr-503 190 21 spread spread VERB flr-503 190 22 out out ADP flr-503 190 23 along along ADP flr-503 190 24 the the DET flr-503 190 25 entire entire ADJ flr-503 190 26 scale scale NOUN flr-503 190 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 190 28 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 190 29 information information NOUN flr-503 190 30 is be AUX flr-503 190 31 located locate VERB flr-503 190 32 at at ADP flr-503 190 33 the the DET flr-503 190 34 lower low ADJ flr-503 190 35 end end NOUN flr-503 190 36 of of ADP flr-503 190 37 the the DET flr-503 190 38 scale scale NOUN flr-503 190 39 where where SCONJ flr-503 190 40 hardly hardly ADV flr-503 190 41 any any DET flr-503 190 42 students student NOUN flr-503 190 43 are be AUX flr-503 190 44 located locate VERB flr-503 190 45 , , PUNCT flr-503 190 46 and and CCONJ flr-503 190 47 there there PRON flr-503 190 48 is be VERB flr-503 190 49 much much ADV flr-503 190 50 less less ADJ flr-503 190 51 information information NOUN flr-503 190 52 where where SCONJ flr-503 190 53 most most ADJ flr-503 190 54 of of ADP flr-503 190 55 the the DET flr-503 190 56 students student NOUN flr-503 190 57 are be AUX flr-503 190 58 concentrated concentrate VERB flr-503 190 59 . . PUNCT flr-503 191 1 for for ADP flr-503 191 2 the the DET flr-503 191 3 pal pal NOUN flr-503 191 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 191 5 se se NOUN flr-503 191 6 scale scale NOUN flr-503 191 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 191 8 the the DET flr-503 191 9 separate separate ADJ flr-503 191 10 item item NOUN flr-503 191 11 maps map NOUN flr-503 191 12 for for ADP flr-503 191 13 students student NOUN flr-503 191 14 admitted admit VERB flr-503 191 15 to to ADP flr-503 191 16 the the DET flr-503 191 17 nine nine NUM flr-503 191 18 different different ADJ flr-503 191 19 degree degree NOUN flr-503 191 20 programs program NOUN flr-503 191 21 also also ADV flr-503 191 22 show show VERB flr-503 191 23 that that SCONJ flr-503 191 24 person person NOUN flr-503 191 25 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 191 26 and and CCONJ flr-503 191 27 item item NOUN flr-503 191 28 thresholds threshold NOUN flr-503 191 29 are be AUX flr-503 191 30 both both PRON flr-503 191 31 spread spread VERB flr-503 191 32 out out ADP flr-503 191 33 along along ADV flr-503 191 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 191 35 more more ADJ flr-503 191 36 or or CCONJ flr-503 191 37 less less ADJ flr-503 191 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 191 39 the the DET flr-503 191 40 entire entire ADJ flr-503 191 41 scale scale NOUN flr-503 191 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 192 1 however however ADV flr-503 192 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 192 3 for for ADP flr-503 192 4 the the DET flr-503 192 5 pal pal NOUN flr-503 192 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 192 7 se se NOUN flr-503 192 8 scale scale NOUN flr-503 192 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 192 10 the the DET flr-503 192 11 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 192 12 information information NOUN flr-503 192 13 is be AUX flr-503 192 14 found find VERB flr-503 192 15 closer close ADV flr-503 192 16 to to ADP flr-503 192 17 more more ADJ flr-503 192 18 of of ADP flr-503 192 19 the the DET flr-503 192 20 student student NOUN flr-503 192 21 locations location NOUN flr-503 192 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 192 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 192 24 there there PRON flr-503 192 25 is be VERB flr-503 192 26 much much ADV flr-503 192 27 more more ADJ flr-503 192 28 information information NOUN flr-503 192 29 where where SCONJ flr-503 192 30 most most ADJ flr-503 192 31 of of ADP flr-503 192 32 the the DET flr-503 192 33 students student NOUN flr-503 192 34 are be AUX flr-503 192 35 located locate VERB flr-503 192 36 than than SCONJ flr-503 192 37 was be AUX flr-503 192 38 the the DET flr-503 192 39 case case NOUN flr-503 192 40 with with ADP flr-503 192 41 the the DET flr-503 192 42 pae pae NOUN flr-503 192 43 - - PUNCT flr-503 192 44 se se ADJ flr-503 192 45 scale scale NOUN flr-503 192 46 . . PUNCT flr-503 193 1 the the DET flr-503 193 2 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 193 3 of of ADP flr-503 193 4 the the DET flr-503 193 5 pae pae NOUN flr-503 193 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 193 7 se se ADJ flr-503 193 8 scale scale NOUN flr-503 193 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 193 10 all all DET flr-503 193 11 students student NOUN flr-503 193 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 193 13 was be AUX flr-503 193 14 .77 .77 NUM flr-503 193 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 193 16 while while SCONJ flr-503 193 17 the the DET flr-503 193 18 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 193 19 of of ADP flr-503 193 20 the the DET flr-503 193 21 pal pal NOUN flr-503 193 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 193 23 se se ADJ flr-503 193 24 scale scale NOUN flr-503 193 25 varied varied ADJ flr-503 193 26 slightly slightly ADV flr-503 193 27 across across ADP flr-503 193 28 subgroups subgroup NOUN flr-503 193 29 of of ADP flr-503 193 30 students student NOUN flr-503 193 31 admitted admit VERB flr-503 193 32 to to ADP flr-503 193 33 the the DET flr-503 193 34 nine nine NUM flr-503 193 35 different different ADJ flr-503 193 36 degree degree NOUN flr-503 193 37 programs program NOUN flr-503 193 38 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 193 39 from from ADP flr-503 193 40 .79 .79 NUM flr-503 193 41 for for ADP flr-503 193 42 students student NOUN flr-503 193 43 admitted admit VERB flr-503 193 44 to to ADP flr-503 193 45 biology biology NOUN flr-503 193 46 and and CCONJ flr-503 193 47 economy economy NOUN flr-503 193 48 , , PUNCT flr-503 193 49 and and CCONJ flr-503 193 50 .86 .86 NUM flr-503 193 51 for for ADP flr-503 193 52 students student NOUN flr-503 193 53 admitted admit VERB flr-503 193 54 to to ADP flr-503 193 55 computer computer NOUN flr-503 193 56 science science NOUN flr-503 193 57 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 193 58 weighted weight VERB flr-503 193 59 average average NOUN flr-503 193 60 for for ADP flr-503 193 61 all all DET flr-503 193 62 students student NOUN flr-503 193 63 .81 .81 NUM flr-503 193 64 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 193 65 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 193 66 table table NOUN flr-503 193 67 5 5 NUM flr-503 193 68 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 193 69 . . PUNCT flr-503 194 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 194 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 194 3 by by ADP flr-503 194 4 conventional conventional ADJ flr-503 194 5 standards standard NOUN flr-503 194 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 194 7 the the DET flr-503 194 8 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 194 9 of of ADP flr-503 194 10 both both DET flr-503 194 11 scales scale NOUN flr-503 194 12 was be AUX flr-503 194 13 at at ADP flr-503 194 14 acceptable acceptable ADJ flr-503 194 15 levels level NOUN flr-503 194 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 195 1 table table NOUN flr-503 195 2 5 5 NUM flr-503 195 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 195 4 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 195 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 195 6 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 195 7 of of ADP flr-503 195 8 the the DET flr-503 195 9 pre pre ADJ flr-503 195 10 - - ADJ flr-503 195 11 academic academic ADJ flr-503 195 12 exam exam NOUN flr-503 195 13 self self NOUN flr-503 195 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 195 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 195 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 195 17 the the DET flr-503 195 18 pre pre ADJ flr-503 195 19 - - ADJ flr-503 195 20 academic academic ADJ flr-503 195 21 learning learning NOUN flr-503 195 22 self self NOUN flr-503 195 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 195 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 195 25 subscales subscale NOUN flr-503 195 26 notes note VERB flr-503 195 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 196 1 pal pal NOUN flr-503 196 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 196 3 se se ADJ flr-503 196 4 : : PUNCT flr-503 196 5 pre pre ADJ flr-503 196 6 - - ADJ flr-503 196 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 196 8 learning learning NOUN flr-503 196 9 self self NOUN flr-503 196 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 196 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 196 12 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 196 13 pae pae X flr-503 196 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 196 15 se se ADJ flr-503 196 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 196 17 pre pre ADJ flr-503 196 18 - - ADJ flr-503 196 19 academic academic ADJ flr-503 196 20 exam exam NOUN flr-503 196 21 self self NOUN flr-503 196 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 196 23 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 196 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 196 25 ti ti NOUN flr-503 196 26 : : PUNCT flr-503 196 27 test test NOUN flr-503 196 28 information information NOUN flr-503 196 29 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 196 30 rmse rmse PROPN flr-503 196 31 : : PUNCT flr-503 196 32 the the DET flr-503 196 33 root root NOUN flr-503 196 34 mean mean VERB flr-503 196 35 squared square VERB flr-503 196 36 error error NOUN flr-503 196 37 of of ADP flr-503 196 38 the the DET flr-503 196 39 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 196 40 theta theta NOUN flr-503 196 41 score score NOUN flr-503 196 42 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 196 43 sem sem NOUN flr-503 196 44 : : PUNCT flr-503 196 45 the the DET flr-503 196 46 standard standard ADJ flr-503 196 47 error error NOUN flr-503 196 48 of of ADP flr-503 196 49 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 196 50 of of ADP flr-503 196 51 the the DET flr-503 196 52 observed observed ADJ flr-503 196 53 score score NOUN flr-503 196 54 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 197 1 r r NOUN flr-503 197 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 197 3 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 197 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 197 5 a. a. NOUN flr-503 197 6 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 197 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 197 8 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 197 9 is be AUX flr-503 197 10 provided provide VERB flr-503 197 11 for for ADP flr-503 197 12 groups group NOUN flr-503 197 13 defined define VERB flr-503 197 14 by by ADP flr-503 197 15 dif dif ADJ flr-503 197 16 variables variable NOUN flr-503 197 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 198 1 3.3 3.3 NUM flr-503 198 2 pre pre ADJ flr-503 198 3 - - ADJ flr-503 198 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 198 5 learning learning NOUN flr-503 198 6 self self NOUN flr-503 198 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 8 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 198 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 198 10 half half ADJ flr-503 198 11 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 12 year year NOUN flr-503 198 13 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 198 14 based base VERB flr-503 198 15 on on ADP flr-503 198 16 the the DET flr-503 198 17 results result NOUN flr-503 198 18 of of ADP flr-503 198 19 the the DET flr-503 198 20 item item NOUN flr-503 198 21 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 198 22 of of ADP flr-503 198 23 the the DET flr-503 198 24 pal pal NOUN flr-503 198 25 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 26 se se PROPN flr-503 198 27 and and CCONJ flr-503 198 28 the the DET flr-503 198 29 pae pae NOUN flr-503 198 30 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 31 se se ADJ flr-503 198 32 scales scale NOUN flr-503 198 33 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 198 34 rq1 rq1 NOUN flr-503 198 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 198 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 198 37 particularly particularly ADV flr-503 198 38 the the DET flr-503 198 39 marked mark VERB flr-503 198 40 difference difference NOUN flr-503 198 41 in in ADP flr-503 198 42 the the DET flr-503 198 43 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 198 44 of of ADP flr-503 198 45 the the DET flr-503 198 46 two two NUM flr-503 198 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 198 48 table table NOUN flr-503 198 49 5 5 NUM flr-503 198 50 and and CCONJ flr-503 198 51 figure figure VERB flr-503 198 52 a1 a1 NOUN flr-503 198 53 in in ADP flr-503 198 54 the the DET flr-503 198 55 appendix appendix NOUN flr-503 198 56 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 198 57 , , PUNCT flr-503 198 58 we we PRON flr-503 198 59 decided decide VERB flr-503 198 60 to to PART flr-503 198 61 proceed proceed VERB flr-503 198 62 to to ADP flr-503 198 63 rq2 rq2 NOUN flr-503 198 64 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 198 65 how how SCONJ flr-503 198 66 is be AUX flr-503 198 67 academic academic ADJ flr-503 198 68 self self NOUN flr-503 198 69 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 70 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 198 71 at at ADP flr-503 198 72 admission admission NOUN flr-503 198 73 associated associate VERB flr-503 198 74 with with ADP flr-503 198 75 half half ADJ flr-503 198 76 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 77 year year NOUN flr-503 198 78 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 198 79 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 198 80 using use VERB flr-503 198 81 only only ADV flr-503 198 82 the the DET flr-503 198 83 pal pal ADJ flr-503 198 84 - - PUNCT flr-503 198 85 se se NOUN flr-503 198 86 scale scale NOUN flr-503 198 87 . . PUNCT flr-503 199 1 we we PRON flr-503 199 2 report report VERB flr-503 199 3 the the DET flr-503 199 4 result result NOUN flr-503 199 5 of of ADP flr-503 199 6 the the DET flr-503 199 7 regression regression NOUN flr-503 199 8 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 199 9 using use VERB flr-503 199 10 the the DET flr-503 199 11 dif dif ADV flr-503 199 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 199 13 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 199 14 sum sum NOUN flr-503 199 15 score score NOUN flr-503 199 16 of of ADP flr-503 199 17 the the DET flr-503 199 18 pal pal NOUN flr-503 199 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 199 20 se se NOUN flr-503 199 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 199 22 as as SCONJ flr-503 199 23 there there PRON flr-503 199 24 were be VERB flr-503 199 25 no no DET flr-503 199 26 noteworthy noteworthy ADJ flr-503 199 27 differences difference NOUN flr-503 199 28 in in ADP flr-503 199 29 the the DET flr-503 199 30 results result NOUN flr-503 199 31 using use VERB flr-503 199 32 the the DET flr-503 199 33 estimated estimate VERB flr-503 199 34 person person NOUN flr-503 199 35 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 199 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 199 37 and and CCONJ flr-503 199 38 the the DET flr-503 199 39 results result NOUN flr-503 199 40 using use VERB flr-503 199 41 the the DET flr-503 199 42 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 199 43 sum sum NOUN flr-503 199 44 score score NOUN flr-503 199 45 are be AUX flr-503 199 46 more more ADV flr-503 199 47 readily readily ADV flr-503 199 48 interpreted interpret VERB flr-503 199 49 as as SCONJ flr-503 199 50 they they PRON flr-503 199 51 relate relate VERB flr-503 199 52 directly directly ADV flr-503 199 53 to to ADP flr-503 199 54 the the DET flr-503 199 55 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 199 56 . . PUNCT flr-503 200 1 the the DET flr-503 200 2 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 200 3 showed show VERB flr-503 200 4 a a DET flr-503 200 5 significant significant ADJ flr-503 200 6 association association NOUN flr-503 200 7 between between ADP flr-503 200 8 pal pal NOUN flr-503 200 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 200 10 se se PROPN flr-503 200 11 and and CCONJ flr-503 200 12 half half ADJ flr-503 200 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 200 14 year year NOUN flr-503 200 15 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 200 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 200 17 the the DET flr-503 200 18 higher high ADJ flr-503 200 19 students student NOUN flr-503 200 20 scored score VERB flr-503 200 21 on on ADP flr-503 200 22 pal pal NOUN flr-503 200 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 200 24 se se X flr-503 200 25 the the DET flr-503 200 26 lower low ADJ flr-503 200 27 was be AUX flr-503 200 28 the the DET flr-503 200 29 probability probability NOUN flr-503 200 30 for for SCONJ flr-503 200 31 them they PRON flr-503 200 32 to to PART flr-503 200 33 drop drop VERB flr-503 200 34 out out ADP flr-503 200 35 within within ADP flr-503 200 36 the the DET flr-503 200 37 first first ADJ flr-503 200 38 half half ADJ flr-503 200 39 year year NOUN flr-503 200 40 in in ADP flr-503 200 41 the the DET flr-503 200 42 degree degree NOUN flr-503 200 43 program program NOUN flr-503 200 44 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 200 45 figure figure NOUN flr-503 200 46 2 2 NUM flr-503 200 47 and and CCONJ flr-503 200 48 table table NOUN flr-503 200 49 a5 a5 PROPN flr-503 200 50 in in ADP flr-503 200 51 the the DET flr-503 200 52 appendix appendix NOUN flr-503 200 53 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 200 54 . . PUNCT flr-503 201 1 the the DET flr-503 201 2 association association NOUN flr-503 201 3 was be AUX flr-503 201 4 even even ADV flr-503 201 5 stronger strong ADJ flr-503 201 6 when when SCONJ flr-503 201 7 program program NOUN flr-503 201 8 was be AUX flr-503 201 9 included include VERB flr-503 201 10 in in ADP flr-503 201 11 the the DET flr-503 201 12 model model NOUN flr-503 201 13 as as ADP flr-503 201 14 a a DET flr-503 201 15 covariate covariate NOUN flr-503 201 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 201 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 201 18 could could AUX flr-503 201 19 thus thus ADV flr-503 201 20 not not PART flr-503 201 21 be be AUX flr-503 201 22 explained explain VERB flr-503 201 23 by by ADP flr-503 201 24 differences difference NOUN flr-503 201 25 in in ADP flr-503 201 26 the the DET flr-503 201 27 type type NOUN flr-503 201 28 of of ADP flr-503 201 29 students student NOUN flr-503 201 30 who who PRON flr-503 201 31 were be AUX flr-503 201 32 admitted admit VERB flr-503 201 33 to to ADP flr-503 201 34 the the DET flr-503 201 35 different different ADJ flr-503 201 36 programs program NOUN flr-503 201 37 . . PUNCT flr-503 202 1 this this PRON flr-503 202 2 leads lead VERB flr-503 202 3 to to ADP flr-503 202 4 the the DET flr-503 202 5 conclusion conclusion NOUN flr-503 202 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 202 7 pal pal NOUN flr-503 202 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 202 9 se se PROPN flr-503 202 10 can can AUX flr-503 202 11 predict predict VERB flr-503 202 12 significant significant ADJ flr-503 202 13 differences difference NOUN flr-503 202 14 in in ADP flr-503 202 15 students†students†NOUN flr-503 202 16 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 202 17 probability probability NOUN flr-503 202 18 to to PART flr-503 202 19 drop drop VERB flr-503 202 20 out out ADP flr-503 202 21 within within ADP flr-503 202 22 the the DET flr-503 202 23 first first ADJ flr-503 202 24 half half ADJ flr-503 202 25 year year NOUN flr-503 202 26 . . PUNCT flr-503 203 1 more more ADV flr-503 203 2 precisely precisely ADV flr-503 203 3 the the DET flr-503 203 4 probability probability NOUN flr-503 203 5 of of ADP flr-503 203 6 dropping drop VERB flr-503 203 7 out out ADP flr-503 203 8 within within ADP flr-503 203 9 the the DET flr-503 203 10 first first ADJ flr-503 203 11 half half ADJ flr-503 203 12 year year NOUN flr-503 203 13 was be AUX flr-503 203 14 7.2 7.2 NUM flr-503 203 15 % % NOUN flr-503 203 16 lower low ADJ flr-503 203 17 for for ADP flr-503 203 18 students student NOUN flr-503 203 19 with with ADP flr-503 203 20 the the DET flr-503 203 21 highest high ADJ flr-503 203 22 possible possible ADJ flr-503 203 23 level level NOUN flr-503 203 24 of of ADP flr-503 203 25 pal pal NOUN flr-503 203 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 203 27 se se PROPN flr-503 203 28 compared compare VERB flr-503 203 29 to to ADP flr-503 203 30 students student NOUN flr-503 203 31 with with ADP flr-503 203 32 the the DET flr-503 203 33 lowest low ADJ flr-503 203 34 possible possible ADJ flr-503 203 35 level level NOUN flr-503 203 36 of of ADP flr-503 203 37 pal pal NOUN flr-503 203 38 - - PUNCT flr-503 203 39 se se ADJ flr-503 203 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 203 41 when when SCONJ flr-503 203 42 degree degree NOUN flr-503 203 43 program program NOUN flr-503 203 44 was be AUX flr-503 203 45 included include VERB flr-503 203 46 as as ADP flr-503 203 47 a a DET flr-503 203 48 covariate covariate NOUN flr-503 203 49 . . PUNCT flr-503 204 1 this this PRON flr-503 204 2 is be AUX flr-503 204 3 considered consider VERB flr-503 204 4 a a DET flr-503 204 5 substantial substantial ADJ flr-503 204 6 difference difference NOUN flr-503 204 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 204 8 considering consider VERB flr-503 204 9 the the DET flr-503 204 10 overall overall ADJ flr-503 204 11 dropout dropout NOUN flr-503 204 12 percentage percentage NOUN flr-503 204 13 in in ADP flr-503 204 14 the the DET flr-503 204 15 sample sample NOUN flr-503 204 16 was be AUX flr-503 204 17 3.9 3.9 NUM flr-503 204 18 % % NOUN flr-503 204 19 during during ADP flr-503 204 20 the the DET flr-503 204 21 first first ADJ flr-503 204 22 half half ADJ flr-503 204 23 year year NOUN flr-503 204 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 205 1 adding add VERB flr-503 205 2 individual individual ADJ flr-503 205 3 controls control NOUN flr-503 205 4 did do AUX flr-503 205 5 not not PART flr-503 205 6 change change VERB flr-503 205 7 the the DET flr-503 205 8 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 205 9 substantially substantially ADV flr-503 205 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 206 1 hence hence ADV flr-503 206 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 206 3 the the DET flr-503 206 4 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 206 5 between between ADP flr-503 206 6 pal pal NOUN flr-503 206 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 206 8 se se NOUN flr-503 206 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 206 10 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 206 11 also also ADV flr-503 206 12 could could AUX flr-503 206 13 not not PART flr-503 206 14 be be AUX flr-503 206 15 explained explain VERB flr-503 206 16 by by ADP flr-503 206 17 differences difference NOUN flr-503 206 18 in in ADP flr-503 206 19 the the DET flr-503 206 20 included include VERB flr-503 206 21 individual individual ADJ flr-503 206 22 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 206 23 indicating indicate VERB flr-503 206 24 that that SCONJ flr-503 206 25 pal pal NOUN flr-503 206 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 206 27 se se PROPN flr-503 206 28 has have VERB flr-503 206 29 a a DET flr-503 206 30 causal causal ADJ flr-503 206 31 effect effect NOUN flr-503 206 32 on on ADP flr-503 206 33 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 206 34 . . PUNCT flr-503 207 1 the the DET flr-503 207 2 fact fact NOUN flr-503 207 3 that that SCONJ flr-503 207 4 the the DET flr-503 207 5 correlation correlation NOUN flr-503 207 6 did do AUX flr-503 207 7 not not PART flr-503 207 8 change change VERB flr-503 207 9 substantially substantially ADV flr-503 207 10 when when SCONJ flr-503 207 11 we we PRON flr-503 207 12 added add VERB flr-503 207 13 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 207 14 further far ADV flr-503 207 15 supports support VERB flr-503 207 16 a a DET flr-503 207 17 causal causal ADJ flr-503 207 18 interpretation interpretation NOUN flr-503 207 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 207 20 heckman heckman PROPN flr-503 207 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 207 22 humphries humphries PROPN flr-503 207 23 et et PROPN flr-503 207 24 al al PROPN flr-503 207 25 . . PROPN flr-503 207 26 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 207 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 207 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 208 1 the the DET flr-503 208 2 design design NOUN flr-503 208 3 is be AUX flr-503 208 4 however however ADV flr-503 208 5 not not PART flr-503 208 6 a a DET flr-503 208 7 strong strong ADJ flr-503 208 8 design design NOUN flr-503 208 9 in in ADP flr-503 208 10 terms term NOUN flr-503 208 11 of of ADP flr-503 208 12 potential potential ADJ flr-503 208 13 selection selection NOUN flr-503 208 14 bias bias NOUN flr-503 208 15 stemming stem VERB flr-503 208 16 from from ADP flr-503 208 17 unobservable unobservable ADJ flr-503 208 18 heterogeneity heterogeneity NOUN flr-503 208 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 209 1 overall overall ADJ flr-503 209 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 209 3 in in ADP flr-503 209 4 terms term NOUN flr-503 209 5 of of ADP flr-503 209 6 causality causality NOUN flr-503 209 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 209 8 the the DET flr-503 209 9 results result NOUN flr-503 209 10 thus thus ADV flr-503 209 11 indicate indicate VERB flr-503 209 12 that that SCONJ flr-503 209 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 209 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 209 15 se se PROPN flr-503 209 16 does do AUX flr-503 209 17 have have VERB flr-503 209 18 an an DET flr-503 209 19 effect effect NOUN flr-503 209 20 on on ADP flr-503 209 21 student student NOUN flr-503 209 22 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 209 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 209 24 although although SCONJ flr-503 209 25 especially especially ADV flr-503 209 26 the the DET flr-503 209 27 size size NOUN flr-503 209 28 of of ADP flr-503 209 29 this this DET flr-503 209 30 effect effect NOUN flr-503 209 31 is be AUX flr-503 209 32 associated associate VERB flr-503 209 33 with with ADP flr-503 209 34 uncertainty uncertainty NOUN flr-503 209 35 . . PUNCT flr-503 210 1 figure figure NOUN flr-503 210 2 2 2 NUM flr-503 210 3 . . NOUN flr-503 210 4 results result NOUN flr-503 210 5 from from ADP flr-503 210 6 regression regression NOUN flr-503 210 7 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 210 8 by by ADP flr-503 210 9 linear linear ADJ flr-503 210 10 probability probability NOUN flr-503 210 11 model model NOUN flr-503 210 12 : : PUNCT flr-503 210 13 association association NOUN flr-503 210 14 between between ADP flr-503 210 15 pre pre ADJ flr-503 210 16 - - ADJ flr-503 210 17 academic academic ADJ flr-503 210 18 learning learning NOUN flr-503 210 19 self self NOUN flr-503 210 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 210 21 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 210 22 on on ADP flr-503 210 23 half half ADJ flr-503 210 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 210 25 year year NOUN flr-503 210 26 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 210 27 in in ADP flr-503 210 28 models model NOUN flr-503 210 29 with with ADP flr-503 210 30 different different ADJ flr-503 210 31 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 210 32 included include VERB flr-503 210 33 . . PUNCT flr-503 211 1 notes note NOUN flr-503 211 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 212 1 the the DET flr-503 212 2 estimated estimated ADJ flr-503 212 3 effect effect NOUN flr-503 212 4 corresponds correspond VERB flr-503 212 5 to to ADP flr-503 212 6 a a DET flr-503 212 7 difference difference NOUN flr-503 212 8 in in ADP flr-503 212 9 pal pal NOUN flr-503 212 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 212 11 se se NOUN flr-503 212 12 from from ADP flr-503 212 13 minimum minimum NOUN flr-503 212 14 to to ADP flr-503 212 15 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 212 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 212 17 since since SCONJ flr-503 212 18 pal pal NOUN flr-503 212 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 212 20 se se PROPN flr-503 212 21 is be AUX flr-503 212 22 measured measure VERB flr-503 212 23 on on ADP flr-503 212 24 a a DET flr-503 212 25 scale scale NOUN flr-503 212 26 ranging range VERB flr-503 212 27 from from ADP flr-503 212 28 0 0 NUM flr-503 212 29 - - SYM flr-503 212 30 1 1 NUM flr-503 212 31 . . PUNCT flr-503 213 1 we we PRON flr-503 213 2 use use VERB flr-503 213 3 the the DET flr-503 213 4 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 213 5 raw raw ADJ flr-503 213 6 score score NOUN flr-503 213 7 from from ADP flr-503 213 8 the the DET flr-503 213 9 item item NOUN flr-503 213 10 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 213 11 to to PART flr-503 213 12 measure measure VERB flr-503 213 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 213 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 213 15 se se X flr-503 213 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 214 1 individual individual ADJ flr-503 214 2 controls control NOUN flr-503 214 3 included include VERB flr-503 214 4 as as ADP flr-503 214 5 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 214 6 : : PUNCT flr-503 214 7 1 1 NUM flr-503 214 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 9 priority priority NOUN flr-503 214 10 of of ADP flr-503 214 11 program program NOUN flr-503 214 12 in in ADP flr-503 214 13 application application NOUN flr-503 214 14 2 2 NUM flr-503 214 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 16 sex sex NOUN flr-503 214 17 3 3 NUM flr-503 214 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 19 age age NOUN flr-503 214 20 4 4 NUM flr-503 214 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 22 grade grade NOUN flr-503 214 23 point point NOUN flr-503 214 24 average average NOUN flr-503 214 25 from from ADP flr-503 214 26 high high ADJ flr-503 214 27 school school NOUN flr-503 214 28 [ [ X flr-503 214 29 danish danish NOUN flr-503 214 30 gymnasium gymnasium NOUN flr-503 214 31 ] ] PUNCT flr-503 214 32 5 5 NUM flr-503 214 33 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 34 parents parent NOUN flr-503 214 35 highest highest ADV flr-503 214 36 completed complete VERB flr-503 214 37 educational educational ADJ flr-503 214 38 level level NOUN flr-503 214 39 6 6 NUM flr-503 214 40 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 41 parents parent NOUN flr-503 214 42 income income VERB flr-503 214 43 7 7 NUM flr-503 214 44 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 214 45 ethnicity ethnicity NOUN flr-503 214 46 8).n 8).n NOUN flr-503 214 47 : : PUNCT flr-503 214 48 bivariate bivariate ADJ flr-503 214 49 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 214 50 2.340 2.340 NUM flr-503 214 51 , , PUNCT flr-503 214 52 n n CCONJ flr-503 214 53 : : PUNCT flr-503 214 54 with with ADP flr-503 214 55 program program NOUN flr-503 214 56 as as ADP flr-503 214 57 covariate covariate NOUN flr-503 214 58 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 214 59 2.340 2.340 NUM flr-503 214 60 , , PUNCT flr-503 214 61 n n CCONJ flr-503 214 62 : : PUNCT flr-503 214 63 with with ADP flr-503 214 64 program program NOUN flr-503 214 65 and and CCONJ flr-503 214 66 individual individual ADJ flr-503 214 67 covariates covariate NOUN flr-503 214 68 : : PUNCT flr-503 214 69 2.195 2.195 NUM flr-503 214 70 . . NOUN flr-503 215 1 4 4 NUM flr-503 215 2 . . X flr-503 215 3 discussion discussion NOUN flr-503 215 4 and and CCONJ flr-503 215 5 future future ADJ flr-503 215 6 directions direction NOUN flr-503 215 7 this this DET flr-503 215 8 aim aim NOUN flr-503 215 9 of of ADP flr-503 215 10 the the DET flr-503 215 11 study study NOUN flr-503 215 12 was be AUX flr-503 215 13 firstly firstly ADV flr-503 215 14 to to PART flr-503 215 15 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 215 16 the the DET flr-503 215 17 construct construct NOUN flr-503 215 18 validity validity NOUN flr-503 215 19 and and CCONJ flr-503 215 20 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 215 21 properties property NOUN flr-503 215 22 of of ADP flr-503 215 23 the the DET flr-503 215 24 proposed propose VERB flr-503 215 25 pal pal NOUN flr-503 215 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 215 27 se se PROPN flr-503 215 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 215 29 pae pae PROPN flr-503 215 30 - - PUNCT flr-503 215 31 se se NOUN flr-503 215 32 scales scale NOUN flr-503 215 33 in in ADP flr-503 215 34 a a DET flr-503 215 35 large large ADJ flr-503 215 36 sample sample NOUN flr-503 215 37 of of ADP flr-503 215 38 university university NOUN flr-503 215 39 students student NOUN flr-503 215 40 just just ADV flr-503 215 41 admitted admit VERB flr-503 215 42 to to ADP flr-503 215 43 the the DET flr-503 215 44 same same ADJ flr-503 215 45 nine nine NUM flr-503 215 46 degree degree NOUN flr-503 215 47 programs program NOUN flr-503 215 48 in in ADP flr-503 215 49 two two NUM flr-503 215 50 large large ADJ flr-503 215 51 universities university NOUN flr-503 215 52 , , PUNCT flr-503 215 53 using use VERB flr-503 215 54 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 215 55 models model NOUN flr-503 215 56 . . PUNCT flr-503 216 1 secondly secondly ADV flr-503 216 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 216 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 216 4 depending depend VERB flr-503 216 5 on on ADP flr-503 216 6 the the DET flr-503 216 7 results result NOUN flr-503 216 8 of of ADP flr-503 216 9 the the DET flr-503 216 10 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 216 11 part part NOUN flr-503 216 12 of of ADP flr-503 216 13 the the DET flr-503 216 14 study study NOUN flr-503 216 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 216 16 the the DET flr-503 216 17 aim aim NOUN flr-503 216 18 was be AUX flr-503 216 19 to to PART flr-503 216 20 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 216 21 how how SCONJ flr-503 216 22 self self NOUN flr-503 216 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 216 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 216 25 before before ADP flr-503 216 26 commencement commencement NOUN flr-503 216 27 of of ADP flr-503 216 28 degree degree NOUN flr-503 216 29 program program NOUN flr-503 216 30 was be AUX flr-503 216 31 associated associate VERB flr-503 216 32 with with ADP flr-503 216 33 half half ADJ flr-503 216 34 - - PUNCT flr-503 216 35 year year NOUN flr-503 216 36 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 216 37 . . PUNCT flr-503 217 1 with with ADP flr-503 217 2 regard regard NOUN flr-503 217 3 to to ADP flr-503 217 4 the the DET flr-503 217 5 first first ADJ flr-503 217 6 aim aim NOUN flr-503 217 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 217 8 the the DET flr-503 217 9 construct construct NOUN flr-503 217 10 validity validity NOUN flr-503 217 11 of of ADP flr-503 217 12 the the DET flr-503 217 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 217 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 217 15 se se PROPN flr-503 217 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 217 17 pae pae PROPN flr-503 217 18 - - PUNCT flr-503 217 19 se se ADJ flr-503 217 20 scale scale NOUN flr-503 217 21 was be AUX flr-503 217 22 to to ADP flr-503 217 23 a a DET flr-503 217 24 large large ADJ flr-503 217 25 extent extent NOUN flr-503 217 26 confirmed confirm VERB flr-503 217 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 217 28 though though SCONJ flr-503 217 29 with with ADP flr-503 217 30 different different ADJ flr-503 217 31 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 217 32 properties property NOUN flr-503 217 33 . . PUNCT flr-503 218 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 218 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 218 3 neither neither DET flr-503 218 4 scale scale NOUN flr-503 218 5 fit fit VERB flr-503 218 6 a a DET flr-503 218 7 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 218 8 model model NOUN flr-503 218 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 219 1 the the DET flr-503 219 2 pal pal NOUN flr-503 219 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 219 4 se se NOUN flr-503 219 5 scale scale NOUN flr-503 219 6 was be AUX flr-503 219 7 found find VERB flr-503 219 8 to to PART flr-503 219 9 be be AUX flr-503 219 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 219 11 psychometrically psychometrically ADV flr-503 219 12 speaking speak VERB flr-503 219 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 219 14 the the DET flr-503 219 15 better well ADJ flr-503 219 16 of of ADP flr-503 219 17 the the DET flr-503 219 18 two two NUM flr-503 219 19 scales scale NOUN flr-503 219 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 220 1 we we PRON flr-503 220 2 found find VERB flr-503 220 3 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 220 4 of of ADP flr-503 220 5 differential differential ADJ flr-503 220 6 item item NOUN flr-503 220 7 functioning function VERB flr-503 220 8 relative relative ADJ flr-503 220 9 to to ADP flr-503 220 10 degree degree NOUN flr-503 220 11 program program NOUN flr-503 220 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 220 13 but but CCONJ flr-503 220 14 it it PRON flr-503 220 15 was be AUX flr-503 220 16 possible possible ADJ flr-503 220 17 to to PART flr-503 220 18 address address VERB flr-503 220 19 this this PRON flr-503 220 20 by by ADP flr-503 220 21 adjusting adjust VERB flr-503 220 22 the the DET flr-503 220 23 score score NOUN flr-503 220 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 221 1 we we PRON flr-503 221 2 did do AUX flr-503 221 3 not not PART flr-503 221 4 find find VERB flr-503 221 5 any any DET flr-503 221 6 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 221 7 for for ADP flr-503 221 8 differential differential ADJ flr-503 221 9 items item NOUN flr-503 221 10 functioning function VERB flr-503 221 11 for for ADP flr-503 221 12 the the DET flr-503 221 13 pae pae NOUN flr-503 221 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 221 15 se se ADJ flr-503 221 16 scale scale NOUN flr-503 221 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 221 18 only only ADV flr-503 221 19 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 221 20 of of ADP flr-503 221 21 local local ADJ flr-503 221 22 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 221 23 among among ADP flr-503 221 24 items item NOUN flr-503 221 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 221 26 this this PRON flr-503 221 27 we we PRON flr-503 221 28 also also ADV flr-503 221 29 found find VERB flr-503 221 30 to to ADP flr-503 221 31 some some DET flr-503 221 32 degree degree NOUN flr-503 221 33 in in ADP flr-503 221 34 the the DET flr-503 221 35 pal pal NOUN flr-503 221 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 221 37 se se NOUN flr-503 221 38 scale scale NOUN flr-503 221 39 . . PUNCT flr-503 222 1 the the DET flr-503 222 2 main main ADJ flr-503 222 3 reason reason NOUN flr-503 222 4 that that PRON flr-503 222 5 we we PRON flr-503 222 6 find find VERB flr-503 222 7 the the DET flr-503 222 8 pal pal NOUN flr-503 222 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 222 10 se se NOUN flr-503 222 11 scale scale NOUN flr-503 222 12 to to PART flr-503 222 13 be be AUX flr-503 222 14 the the DET flr-503 222 15 better well ADJ flr-503 222 16 of of ADP flr-503 222 17 the the DET flr-503 222 18 two two NUM flr-503 222 19 scales scale NOUN flr-503 222 20 are be AUX flr-503 222 21 the the DET flr-503 222 22 differences difference NOUN flr-503 222 23 in in ADP flr-503 222 24 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 222 25 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 222 26 the the DET flr-503 222 27 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 222 28 of of ADP flr-503 222 29 the the DET flr-503 222 30 palse palse ADJ flr-503 222 31 scale scale NOUN flr-503 222 32 was be AUX flr-503 222 33 good good ADJ flr-503 222 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 222 35 while while SCONJ flr-503 222 36 the the DET flr-503 222 37 targeting targeting NOUN flr-503 222 38 of of ADP flr-503 222 39 the the DET flr-503 222 40 pae pae NOUN flr-503 222 41 - - PUNCT flr-503 222 42 se se ADJ flr-503 222 43 scale scale NOUN flr-503 222 44 was be AUX flr-503 222 45 poor poor ADJ flr-503 222 46 . . PUNCT flr-503 223 1 the the DET flr-503 223 2 items item NOUN flr-503 223 3 in in ADP flr-503 223 4 both both DET flr-503 223 5 scales scale NOUN flr-503 223 6 are be AUX flr-503 223 7 spread spread VERB flr-503 223 8 out out ADP flr-503 223 9 across across ADP flr-503 223 10 the the DET flr-503 223 11 latent latent NOUN flr-503 223 12 scale scale NOUN flr-503 223 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 223 14 as as SCONJ flr-503 223 15 are be AUX flr-503 223 16 the the DET flr-503 223 17 person person NOUN flr-503 223 18 estimates estimate VERB flr-503 223 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 223 20 however however ADV flr-503 223 21 the the DET flr-503 223 22 level level NOUN flr-503 223 23 of of ADP flr-503 223 24 information information NOUN flr-503 223 25 in in ADP flr-503 223 26 the the DET flr-503 223 27 pae pae NOUN flr-503 223 28 - - PUNCT flr-503 223 29 se se ADJ flr-503 223 30 scale scale NOUN flr-503 223 31 is be AUX flr-503 223 32 substantially substantially ADV flr-503 223 33 lower low ADJ flr-503 223 34 than than ADP flr-503 223 35 in in ADP flr-503 223 36 the the DET flr-503 223 37 pal pal NOUN flr-503 223 38 - - PUNCT flr-503 223 39 se se NOUN flr-503 223 40 scale scale NOUN flr-503 223 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 224 1 thus thus ADV flr-503 224 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 224 3 the the DET flr-503 224 4 items item NOUN flr-503 224 5 in in ADP flr-503 224 6 the the DET flr-503 224 7 pal pal NOUN flr-503 224 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 224 9 se se ADJ flr-503 224 10 scale scale NOUN flr-503 224 11 provide provide VERB flr-503 224 12 more more ADJ flr-503 224 13 information information NOUN flr-503 224 14 on on ADP flr-503 224 15 the the DET flr-503 224 16 students student NOUN flr-503 224 17 in in ADP flr-503 224 18 the the DET flr-503 224 19 study study NOUN flr-503 224 20 sample sample NOUN flr-503 224 21 than than SCONJ flr-503 224 22 it it PRON flr-503 224 23 is be AUX flr-503 224 24 the the DET flr-503 224 25 case case NOUN flr-503 224 26 with with ADP flr-503 224 27 the the DET flr-503 224 28 pae pae NOUN flr-503 224 29 - - PUNCT flr-503 224 30 se se ADJ flr-503 224 31 items item NOUN flr-503 224 32 . . PUNCT flr-503 225 1 furthermore furthermore ADV flr-503 225 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 225 3 the the DET flr-503 225 4 variations variation NOUN flr-503 225 5 in in ADP flr-503 225 6 the the DET flr-503 225 7 obtained obtain VERB flr-503 225 8 information information NOUN flr-503 225 9 with with ADP flr-503 225 10 the the DET flr-503 225 11 pal pal NOUN flr-503 225 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 225 13 se se NOUN flr-503 225 14 scale scale NOUN flr-503 225 15 for for ADP flr-503 225 16 students student NOUN flr-503 225 17 from from ADP flr-503 225 18 the the DET flr-503 225 19 different different ADJ flr-503 225 20 degree degree NOUN flr-503 225 21 programs program NOUN flr-503 225 22 vary vary VERB flr-503 225 23 very very ADV flr-503 225 24 little little ADJ flr-503 225 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 225 26 even even ADV flr-503 225 27 though though SCONJ flr-503 225 28 the the DET flr-503 225 29 admission admission NOUN flr-503 225 30 gpa gpa NOUN flr-503 225 31 across across ADP flr-503 225 32 degree degree NOUN flr-503 225 33 programs program NOUN flr-503 225 34 range range VERB flr-503 225 35 from from ADP flr-503 225 36 “all “all ADJ flr-503 225 37 admitted†admitted†NOUN flr-503 225 38 � � PROPN flr-503 225 39 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 225 40 i.e. i.e. X flr-503 225 41 no no DET flr-503 225 42 admission admission NOUN flr-503 225 43 gpa gpa NOUN flr-503 225 44 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 225 45 to to ADP flr-503 225 46 11.5 11.5 NUM flr-503 225 47 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 225 48 the the DET flr-503 225 49 highest high ADJ flr-503 225 50 is be AUX flr-503 225 51 12 12 NUM flr-503 225 52 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 225 53 . . PUNCT flr-503 226 1 this this DET flr-503 226 2 finding finding NOUN flr-503 226 3 adds add VERB flr-503 226 4 substantially substantially ADV flr-503 226 5 to to ADP flr-503 226 6 the the DET flr-503 226 7 field field NOUN flr-503 226 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 226 9 as as SCONJ flr-503 226 10 no no DET flr-503 226 11 previous previous ADJ flr-503 226 12 attempts attempt NOUN flr-503 226 13 have have AUX flr-503 226 14 been be AUX flr-503 226 15 made make VERB flr-503 226 16 to to PART flr-503 226 17 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 226 18 the the DET flr-503 226 19 construct construct NOUN flr-503 226 20 validity validity NOUN flr-503 226 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 226 22 psychometric psychometric ADJ flr-503 226 23 properties property NOUN flr-503 226 24 of of ADP flr-503 226 25 an an DET flr-503 226 26 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 226 27 for for ADP flr-503 226 28 pre pre ADJ flr-503 226 29 - - ADJ flr-503 226 30 academic academic ADJ flr-503 226 31 self self NOUN flr-503 226 32 - - PUNCT flr-503 226 33 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 226 34 using use VERB flr-503 226 35 the the DET flr-503 226 36 framework framework NOUN flr-503 226 37 of of ADP flr-503 226 38 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 226 39 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 226 40 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 226 41 models model NOUN flr-503 226 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 227 1 when when SCONJ flr-503 227 2 considering consider VERB flr-503 227 3 that that SCONJ flr-503 227 4 the the DET flr-503 227 5 scales scale NOUN flr-503 227 6 are be AUX flr-503 227 7 intended intend VERB flr-503 227 8 to to PART flr-503 227 9 measure measure VERB flr-503 227 10 learning learning NOUN flr-503 227 11 and and CCONJ flr-503 227 12 exam exam VERB flr-503 227 13 self self NOUN flr-503 227 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 227 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 227 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 227 17 respectively respectively ADV flr-503 227 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 227 19 after after ADP flr-503 227 20 admission admission NOUN flr-503 227 21 but but CCONJ flr-503 227 22 before before ADP flr-503 227 23 commencement commencement NOUN flr-503 227 24 of of ADP flr-503 227 25 university university NOUN flr-503 227 26 studies study NOUN flr-503 227 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 227 28 we we PRON flr-503 227 29 find find VERB flr-503 227 30 the the DET flr-503 227 31 difference difference NOUN flr-503 227 32 in in ADP flr-503 227 33 targeting target VERB flr-503 227 34 to to PART flr-503 227 35 be be AUX flr-503 227 36 further further ADJ flr-503 227 37 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 227 38 of of ADP flr-503 227 39 construct construct NOUN flr-503 227 40 validity validity NOUN flr-503 227 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 228 1 all all DET flr-503 228 2 things thing NOUN flr-503 228 3 being be AUX flr-503 228 4 equal equal ADJ flr-503 228 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 228 6 it it PRON flr-503 228 7 is be AUX flr-503 228 8 reasonable reasonable ADJ flr-503 228 9 to to PART flr-503 228 10 assume assume VERB flr-503 228 11 that that SCONJ flr-503 228 12 the the DET flr-503 228 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 228 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 228 15 se se NOUN flr-503 228 16 items item NOUN flr-503 228 17 should should AUX flr-503 228 18 be be AUX flr-503 228 19 better well ADV flr-503 228 20 suited suit VERB flr-503 228 21 to to ADP flr-503 228 22 the the DET flr-503 228 23 study study NOUN flr-503 228 24 population population NOUN flr-503 228 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 228 26 as as SCONJ flr-503 228 27 the the DET flr-503 228 28 students student NOUN flr-503 228 29 probably probably ADV flr-503 228 30 have have VERB flr-503 228 31 a a DET flr-503 228 32 more more ADV flr-503 228 33 well well ADV flr-503 228 34 - - PUNCT flr-503 228 35 developed develop VERB flr-503 228 36 idea idea NOUN flr-503 228 37 about about ADP flr-503 228 38 their their PRON flr-503 228 39 future future ADJ flr-503 228 40 learning learning NOUN flr-503 228 41 capacity capacity NOUN flr-503 228 42 , , PUNCT flr-503 228 43 as as SCONJ flr-503 228 44 they they PRON flr-503 228 45 have have AUX flr-503 228 46 applied apply VERB flr-503 228 47 to to ADP flr-503 228 48 a a DET flr-503 228 49 program program NOUN flr-503 228 50 most most ADV flr-503 228 51 likely likely ADV flr-503 228 52 of of ADP flr-503 228 53 their their PRON flr-503 228 54 interest interest NOUN flr-503 228 55 and and CCONJ flr-503 228 56 have have AUX flr-503 228 57 obtained obtain VERB flr-503 228 58 the the DET flr-503 228 59 admission admission NOUN flr-503 228 60 gpa gpa NOUN flr-503 228 61 necessary necessary ADJ flr-503 228 62 to to PART flr-503 228 63 be be AUX flr-503 228 64 admitted admit VERB flr-503 228 65 , , PUNCT flr-503 228 66 while while SCONJ flr-503 228 67 they they PRON flr-503 228 68 do do AUX flr-503 228 69 not not PART flr-503 228 70 have have VERB flr-503 228 71 as as ADV flr-503 228 72 well well ADV flr-503 228 73 - - PUNCT flr-503 228 74 developed develop VERB flr-503 228 75 a a DET flr-503 228 76 sense sense NOUN flr-503 228 77 of of ADP flr-503 228 78 the the DET flr-503 228 79 exams exam NOUN flr-503 228 80 in in ADP flr-503 228 81 the the DET flr-503 228 82 university university NOUN flr-503 228 83 system system NOUN flr-503 228 84 , , PUNCT flr-503 228 85 and and CCONJ flr-503 228 86 thus thus ADV flr-503 228 87 the the DET flr-503 228 88 items item NOUN flr-503 228 89 carry carry VERB flr-503 228 90 less less ADJ flr-503 228 91 information information NOUN flr-503 228 92 for for ADP flr-503 228 93 this this DET flr-503 228 94 student student NOUN flr-503 228 95 population population NOUN flr-503 228 96 . . PUNCT flr-503 229 1 another another DET flr-503 229 2 entirely entirely ADV flr-503 229 3 new new ADJ flr-503 229 4 finding finding NOUN flr-503 229 5 is be AUX flr-503 229 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 229 7 we we PRON flr-503 229 8 have have AUX flr-503 229 9 established establish VERB flr-503 229 10 that that SCONJ flr-503 229 11 it it PRON flr-503 229 12 is be AUX flr-503 229 13 indeed indeed ADV flr-503 229 14 possible possible ADJ flr-503 229 15 to to PART flr-503 229 16 obtain obtain VERB flr-503 229 17 invariant invariant ADJ flr-503 229 18 measures measure NOUN flr-503 229 19 of of ADP flr-503 229 20 both both DET flr-503 229 21 pre pre ADJ flr-503 229 22 - - ADJ flr-503 229 23 academic academic ADJ flr-503 229 24 learning learning NOUN flr-503 229 25 self self NOUN flr-503 229 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 229 27 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 229 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 229 29 pre pre ADJ flr-503 229 30 - - ADJ flr-503 229 31 academic academic ADJ flr-503 229 32 exam exam NOUN flr-503 229 33 self self NOUN flr-503 229 34 - - PUNCT flr-503 229 35 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 229 36 for for ADP flr-503 229 37 students student NOUN flr-503 229 38 admitted admit VERB flr-503 229 39 to to ADP flr-503 229 40 a a DET flr-503 229 41 wide wide ADJ flr-503 229 42 range range NOUN flr-503 229 43 of of ADP flr-503 229 44 university university NOUN flr-503 229 45 degree degree NOUN flr-503 229 46 programs program NOUN flr-503 229 47 and and CCONJ flr-503 229 48 at at ADP flr-503 229 49 two two NUM flr-503 229 50 different different ADJ flr-503 229 51 universities university NOUN flr-503 229 52 , , PUNCT flr-503 229 53 when when SCONJ flr-503 229 54 making make VERB flr-503 229 55 the the DET flr-503 229 56 proper proper ADJ flr-503 229 57 adjustments adjustment NOUN flr-503 229 58 . . PUNCT flr-503 230 1 this this DET flr-503 230 2 new new ADJ flr-503 230 3 finding finding NOUN flr-503 230 4 will will AUX flr-503 230 5 prove prove VERB flr-503 230 6 valuable valuable ADJ flr-503 230 7 in in ADP flr-503 230 8 future future ADJ flr-503 230 9 studies study NOUN flr-503 230 10 on on ADP flr-503 230 11 self self NOUN flr-503 230 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 230 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 230 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 230 15 whether whether SCONJ flr-503 230 16 pre pre ADJ flr-503 230 17 - - ADJ flr-503 230 18 academic academic ADJ flr-503 230 19 self self NOUN flr-503 230 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 230 21 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 230 22 or or CCONJ flr-503 230 23 academic academic ADJ flr-503 230 24 self self NOUN flr-503 230 25 - - PUNCT flr-503 230 26 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 230 27 measured measure VERB flr-503 230 28 during during ADP flr-503 230 29 studies study NOUN flr-503 230 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 230 31 as as SCONJ flr-503 230 32 it it PRON flr-503 230 33 paves pave VERB flr-503 230 34 the the DET flr-503 230 35 way way NOUN flr-503 230 36 for for ADP flr-503 230 37 more more ADJ flr-503 230 38 studies study NOUN flr-503 230 39 assuring assure VERB flr-503 230 40 the the DET flr-503 230 41 application application NOUN flr-503 230 42 of of ADP flr-503 230 43 unbiased unbiased ADJ flr-503 230 44 self self NOUN flr-503 230 45 - - PUNCT flr-503 230 46 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 230 47 scores score NOUN flr-503 230 48 . . PUNCT flr-503 231 1 the the DET flr-503 231 2 lpm lpm NOUN flr-503 231 3 regression regression NOUN flr-503 231 4 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 231 5 adds add VERB flr-503 231 6 to to ADP flr-503 231 7 the the DET flr-503 231 8 current current ADJ flr-503 231 9 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 231 10 that that SCONJ flr-503 231 11 self self NOUN flr-503 231 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 231 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 231 14 is be AUX flr-503 231 15 strongly strongly ADV flr-503 231 16 correlated correlate VERB flr-503 231 17 to to ADP flr-503 231 18 educational educational ADJ flr-503 231 19 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 231 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 231 21 such such ADJ flr-503 231 22 as as ADP flr-503 231 23 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 231 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 232 1 it it PRON flr-503 232 2 more more ADV flr-503 232 3 specifically specifically ADV flr-503 232 4 points point VERB flr-503 232 5 out out ADP flr-503 232 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 232 7 this this PRON flr-503 232 8 is be AUX flr-503 232 9 also also ADV flr-503 232 10 the the DET flr-503 232 11 case case NOUN flr-503 232 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 232 13 even even ADV flr-503 232 14 though though SCONJ flr-503 232 15 we we PRON flr-503 232 16 measured measure VERB flr-503 232 17 the the DET flr-503 232 18 level level NOUN flr-503 232 19 of of ADP flr-503 232 20 self self NOUN flr-503 232 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 232 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 232 23 before before SCONJ flr-503 232 24 the the DET flr-503 232 25 students student NOUN flr-503 232 26 started start VERB flr-503 232 27 on on ADP flr-503 232 28 the the DET flr-503 232 29 university university NOUN flr-503 232 30 program program NOUN flr-503 232 31 and and CCONJ flr-503 232 32 as as ADP flr-503 232 33 a a DET flr-503 232 34 measure measure NOUN flr-503 232 35 that that PRON flr-503 232 36 did do AUX flr-503 232 37 not not PART flr-503 232 38 relate relate VERB flr-503 232 39 to to ADP flr-503 232 40 a a DET flr-503 232 41 specific specific ADJ flr-503 232 42 course course NOUN flr-503 232 43 but but CCONJ flr-503 232 44 to to ADP flr-503 232 45 the the DET flr-503 232 46 upcoming upcoming ADJ flr-503 232 47 courses course NOUN flr-503 232 48 in in ADP flr-503 232 49 the the DET flr-503 232 50 first first ADJ flr-503 232 51 semester semester NOUN flr-503 232 52 as as ADP flr-503 232 53 a a DET flr-503 232 54 whole whole NOUN flr-503 232 55 . . PUNCT flr-503 233 1 van van PROPN flr-503 233 2 herpen herpen NOUN flr-503 233 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 233 4 colleagues colleague NOUN flr-503 233 5 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 233 6 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 233 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 233 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 233 9 using use VERB flr-503 233 10 an an DET flr-503 233 11 adaptation adaptation NOUN flr-503 233 12 of of ADP flr-503 233 13 the the DET flr-503 233 14 self self NOUN flr-503 233 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 233 16 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 233 17 scale scale NOUN flr-503 233 18 of of ADP flr-503 233 19 the the DET flr-503 233 20 mslq mslq NOUN flr-503 233 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 233 22 pintrich pintrich NOUN flr-503 233 23 et et PROPN flr-503 233 24 al al PROPN flr-503 233 25 . . PROPN flr-503 233 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 233 27 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 233 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 233 29 where where SCONJ flr-503 233 30 they they PRON flr-503 233 31 changed change VERB flr-503 233 32 items item NOUN flr-503 233 33 from from ADP flr-503 233 34 being be AUX flr-503 233 35 course course NOUN flr-503 233 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 233 37 specific specific ADJ flr-503 233 38 to to ADP flr-503 233 39 referring refer VERB flr-503 233 40 in in ADP flr-503 233 41 general general ADJ flr-503 233 42 to to ADP flr-503 233 43 “the “the DET flr-503 233 44 first first ADJ flr-503 233 45 year year NOUN flr-503 233 46 of of ADP flr-503 233 47 study†study†PROPN flr-503 233 48 � � PROPN flr-503 233 49 , , PUNCT flr-503 233 50 found find VERB flr-503 233 51 no no DET flr-503 233 52 association association NOUN flr-503 233 53 between between ADP flr-503 233 54 pre pre ADJ flr-503 233 55 - - PROPN flr-503 233 56 university university NOUN flr-503 233 57 self self NOUN flr-503 233 58 - - PUNCT flr-503 233 59 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 233 60 and and CCONJ flr-503 233 61 academic academic ADJ flr-503 233 62 success success NOUN flr-503 233 63 . . PUNCT flr-503 234 1 the the DET flr-503 234 2 instrument instrument NOUN flr-503 234 3 they they PRON flr-503 234 4 used use VERB flr-503 234 5 was be AUX flr-503 234 6 the the DET flr-503 234 7 most most ADV flr-503 234 8 similar similar ADJ flr-503 234 9 to to ADP flr-503 234 10 ours our NOUN flr-503 234 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 234 12 but but CCONJ flr-503 234 13 they they PRON flr-503 234 14 treated treat VERB flr-503 234 15 it it PRON flr-503 234 16 as as ADP flr-503 234 17 a a DET flr-503 234 18 single single ADJ flr-503 234 19 scale scale NOUN flr-503 234 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 234 21 did do AUX flr-503 234 22 not not PART flr-503 234 23 investigate investigate VERB flr-503 234 24 its its PRON flr-503 234 25 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 234 26 properties property NOUN flr-503 234 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 234 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 234 29 their their PRON flr-503 234 30 sample sample NOUN flr-503 234 31 size size NOUN flr-503 234 32 was be AUX flr-503 234 33 too too ADV flr-503 234 34 small small ADJ flr-503 234 35 to to PART flr-503 234 36 take take VERB flr-503 234 37 academic academic ADJ flr-503 234 38 discipline discipline NOUN flr-503 234 39 into into ADP flr-503 234 40 account account NOUN flr-503 234 41 in in ADP flr-503 234 42 the the DET flr-503 234 43 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 234 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 235 1 in in ADP flr-503 235 2 a a DET flr-503 235 3 study study NOUN flr-503 235 4 on on ADP flr-503 235 5 discipline discipline NOUN flr-503 235 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 235 7 specific specific ADJ flr-503 235 8 differences difference NOUN flr-503 235 9 in in ADP flr-503 235 10 general general ADJ flr-503 235 11 self self NOUN flr-503 235 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 235 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 235 14 prior prior ADV flr-503 235 15 to to ADP flr-503 235 16 commencing commence VERB flr-503 235 17 university university NOUN flr-503 235 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 235 19 yong yong PROPN flr-503 235 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 235 21 2010 2010 NUM flr-503 235 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 235 23 found find VERB flr-503 235 24 no no DET flr-503 235 25 such such ADJ flr-503 235 26 differences difference NOUN flr-503 235 27 with with ADP flr-503 235 28 small small ADJ flr-503 235 29 samples sample NOUN flr-503 235 30 of of ADP flr-503 235 31 future future ADJ flr-503 235 32 engineering engineering NOUN flr-503 235 33 and and CCONJ flr-503 235 34 business business NOUN flr-503 235 35 students student NOUN flr-503 235 36 . . PUNCT flr-503 236 1 the the DET flr-503 236 2 only only ADJ flr-503 236 3 study study NOUN flr-503 236 4 we we PRON flr-503 236 5 located locate VERB flr-503 236 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 236 7 which which PRON flr-503 236 8 investigates investigate VERB flr-503 236 9 pre pre ADJ flr-503 236 10 - - ADJ flr-503 236 11 higher high ADJ flr-503 236 12 education education NOUN flr-503 236 13 self self NOUN flr-503 236 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 236 15 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 236 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 236 17 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 236 18 was be AUX flr-503 236 19 that that PRON flr-503 236 20 of of ADP flr-503 236 21 aryee†aryee†NOUN flr-503 236 22 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 236 23 s s PART flr-503 236 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 236 25 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 236 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 236 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 236 28 which which PRON flr-503 236 29 found find VERB flr-503 236 30 that that SCONJ flr-503 236 31 high high ADJ flr-503 236 32 levels level NOUN flr-503 236 33 of of ADP flr-503 236 34 pre pre ADJ flr-503 236 35 - - ADJ flr-503 236 36 higher high ADJ flr-503 236 37 education education NOUN flr-503 236 38 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-503 236 39 self self NOUN flr-503 236 40 - - PUNCT flr-503 236 41 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 236 42 were be AUX flr-503 236 43 associated associate VERB flr-503 236 44 with with ADP flr-503 236 45 completion completion NOUN flr-503 236 46 of of ADP flr-503 236 47 college college NOUN flr-503 236 48 , , PUNCT flr-503 236 49 while while SCONJ flr-503 236 50 low low ADJ flr-503 236 51 levels level NOUN flr-503 236 52 were be AUX flr-503 236 53 associated associate VERB flr-503 236 54 with with ADP flr-503 236 55 a a DET flr-503 236 56 diminished diminished ADJ flr-503 236 57 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 236 58 of of ADP flr-503 236 59 attaining attain VERB flr-503 236 60 a a DET flr-503 236 61 degree degree NOUN flr-503 236 62 . . PUNCT flr-503 237 1 our our PRON flr-503 237 2 findings finding NOUN flr-503 237 3 are be AUX flr-503 237 4 thus thus ADV flr-503 237 5 an an DET flr-503 237 6 expansion expansion NOUN flr-503 237 7 of of ADP flr-503 237 8 the the DET flr-503 237 9 very very ADV flr-503 237 10 scarce scarce ADJ flr-503 237 11 research research NOUN flr-503 237 12 on on ADP flr-503 237 13 pre pre ADJ flr-503 237 14 - - ADJ flr-503 237 15 higher high ADJ flr-503 237 16 education education NOUN flr-503 237 17 self self NOUN flr-503 237 18 - - PUNCT flr-503 237 19 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 237 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 237 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 237 22 the the DET flr-503 237 23 even even ADV flr-503 237 24 scarcer scarcer NOUN flr-503 237 25 research research NOUN flr-503 237 26 on on ADP flr-503 237 27 its its PRON flr-503 237 28 association association NOUN flr-503 237 29 with with ADP flr-503 237 30 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 237 31 , , PUNCT flr-503 237 32 as as SCONJ flr-503 237 33 it it PRON flr-503 237 34 represents represent VERB flr-503 237 35 the the DET flr-503 237 36 first first ADJ flr-503 237 37 multi multi ADJ flr-503 237 38 degree degree NOUN flr-503 237 39 program program NOUN flr-503 237 40 study study NOUN flr-503 237 41 on on ADP flr-503 237 42 this this DET flr-503 237 43 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 237 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 238 1 furthermore furthermore ADV flr-503 238 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 3 our our PRON flr-503 238 4 findings finding NOUN flr-503 238 5 are be AUX flr-503 238 6 in in ADP flr-503 238 7 line line NOUN flr-503 238 8 with with ADP flr-503 238 9 the the DET flr-503 238 10 research research NOUN flr-503 238 11 where where SCONJ flr-503 238 12 self self NOUN flr-503 238 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 238 14 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 238 15 is be AUX flr-503 238 16 measured measure VERB flr-503 238 17 during during ADP flr-503 238 18 degree degree NOUN flr-503 238 19 programs program NOUN flr-503 238 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 21 typically typically ADV flr-503 238 22 during during ADP flr-503 238 23 the the DET flr-503 238 24 first first ADJ flr-503 238 25 semester semester NOUN flr-503 238 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 27 as as SCONJ flr-503 238 28 they they PRON flr-503 238 29 find find VERB flr-503 238 30 that that SCONJ flr-503 238 31 low low ADJ flr-503 238 32 self self NOUN flr-503 238 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 238 34 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 238 35 is be AUX flr-503 238 36 associated associate VERB flr-503 238 37 with with ADP flr-503 238 38 increased increase VERB flr-503 238 39 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 238 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 41 increased increase VERB flr-503 238 42 risk risk NOUN flr-503 238 43 of of ADP flr-503 238 44 withdrawal withdrawal NOUN flr-503 238 45 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 46 decreased decrease VERB flr-503 238 47 intention intention NOUN flr-503 238 48 to to PART flr-503 238 49 persist persist VERB flr-503 238 50 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 51 and and CCONJ flr-503 238 52 decreased decrease VERB flr-503 238 53 intention intention NOUN flr-503 238 54 to to PART flr-503 238 55 complete complete VERB flr-503 238 56 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 238 57 de de X flr-503 238 58 clercq clercq PROPN flr-503 238 59 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 60 galand galand NOUN flr-503 238 61 & & CCONJ flr-503 238 62 frenay frenay PROPN flr-503 238 63 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 64 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 238 65 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 238 66 elliot elliot PROPN flr-503 238 67 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 68 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 238 69 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 238 70 lent lend VERB flr-503 238 71 et et PROPN flr-503 238 72 al al PROPN flr-503 238 73 . . PROPN flr-503 238 74 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 75 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 238 76 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 238 77 thomas thomas PROPN flr-503 238 78 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 79 2014 2014 NUM flr-503 238 80 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 238 81 vuong vuong PROPN flr-503 238 82 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 83 brown brown NOUN flr-503 238 84 - - PUNCT flr-503 238 85 welty welty PROPN flr-503 238 86 & & CCONJ flr-503 238 87 tracz tracz PROPN flr-503 238 88 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 89 2010 2010 NUM flr-503 238 90 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 238 91 you you PRON flr-503 238 92 , , PUNCT flr-503 238 93 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 238 94 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 238 95 . . PUNCT flr-503 239 1 even even ADV flr-503 239 2 though though SCONJ flr-503 239 3 we we PRON flr-503 239 4 still still ADV flr-503 239 5 need need VERB flr-503 239 6 further further ADJ flr-503 239 7 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 239 8 relating relate VERB flr-503 239 9 to to ADP flr-503 239 10 the the DET flr-503 239 11 causal causal NOUN flr-503 239 12 link link NOUN flr-503 239 13 between between ADP flr-503 239 14 pre pre ADJ flr-503 239 15 - - ADJ flr-503 239 16 academic academic ADJ flr-503 239 17 learning learning NOUN flr-503 239 18 self self NOUN flr-503 239 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 239 20 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 239 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 239 22 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 239 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 239 24 as as SCONJ flr-503 239 25 we we PRON flr-503 239 26 do do AUX flr-503 239 27 not not PART flr-503 239 28 have have VERB flr-503 239 29 a a DET flr-503 239 30 very very ADV flr-503 239 31 strong strong ADJ flr-503 239 32 design design NOUN flr-503 239 33 in in ADP flr-503 239 34 terms term NOUN flr-503 239 35 of of ADP flr-503 239 36 causality causality NOUN flr-503 239 37 , , PUNCT flr-503 239 38 the the DET flr-503 239 39 results result NOUN flr-503 239 40 do do AUX flr-503 239 41 indicate indicate VERB flr-503 239 42 that that DET flr-503 239 43 pal pal NOUN flr-503 239 44 - - PUNCT flr-503 239 45 se se PROPN flr-503 239 46 has have VERB flr-503 239 47 a a DET flr-503 239 48 causal causal ADJ flr-503 239 49 effect effect NOUN flr-503 239 50 on on ADP flr-503 239 51 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 239 52 . . PUNCT flr-503 240 1 the the DET flr-503 240 2 results result NOUN flr-503 240 3 are be AUX flr-503 240 4 promising promise VERB flr-503 240 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 240 6 since since SCONJ flr-503 240 7 self self NOUN flr-503 240 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 240 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 240 10 to to ADP flr-503 240 11 a a DET flr-503 240 12 large large ADJ flr-503 240 13 extend extend NOUN flr-503 240 14 is be AUX flr-503 240 15 regarded regard VERB flr-503 240 16 as as ADP flr-503 240 17 context context NOUN flr-503 240 18 specific specific ADJ flr-503 240 19 and and CCONJ flr-503 240 20 malleable malleable ADJ flr-503 240 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 240 22 thus thus ADV flr-503 240 23 providing provide VERB flr-503 240 24 an an DET flr-503 240 25 opportunity opportunity NOUN flr-503 240 26 for for SCONJ flr-503 240 27 teachers teacher NOUN flr-503 240 28 and and CCONJ flr-503 240 29 other other ADJ flr-503 240 30 educational educational ADJ flr-503 240 31 professionals professional NOUN flr-503 240 32 to to PART flr-503 240 33 promote promote VERB flr-503 240 34 students†students†PRON flr-503 240 35 ™ ™ VERB flr-503 240 36 self self NOUN flr-503 240 37 - - PUNCT flr-503 240 38 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 240 39 in in ADP flr-503 240 40 order order NOUN flr-503 240 41 for for SCONJ flr-503 240 42 them they PRON flr-503 240 43 to to PART flr-503 240 44 achieve achieve VERB flr-503 240 45 higher high ADJ flr-503 240 46 learning learn VERB flr-503 240 47 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 240 48 and and CCONJ flr-503 240 49 reduce reduce VERB flr-503 240 50 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 240 51 . . PUNCT flr-503 241 1 the the DET flr-503 241 2 current current ADJ flr-503 241 3 study study NOUN flr-503 241 4 is be AUX flr-503 241 5 the the DET flr-503 241 6 first first ADJ flr-503 241 7 to to PART flr-503 241 8 show show VERB flr-503 241 9 that that SCONJ flr-503 241 10 even even ADV flr-503 241 11 prior prior ADV flr-503 241 12 to to ADP flr-503 241 13 commencing commence VERB flr-503 241 14 the the DET flr-503 241 15 degree degree NOUN flr-503 241 16 program program NOUN flr-503 241 17 students student NOUN flr-503 241 18 admitted admit VERB flr-503 241 19 to to ADP flr-503 241 20 university university NOUN flr-503 241 21 are be AUX flr-503 241 22 learning learn VERB flr-503 241 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 241 24 wise wise ADJ flr-503 241 25 self self NOUN flr-503 241 26 - - PUNCT flr-503 241 27 efficacious efficacious ADJ flr-503 241 28 with with ADP flr-503 241 29 regard regard NOUN flr-503 241 30 to to ADP flr-503 241 31 the the DET flr-503 241 32 upcoming upcoming ADJ flr-503 241 33 courses course NOUN flr-503 241 34 and and CCONJ flr-503 241 35 that that SCONJ flr-503 241 36 their their PRON flr-503 241 37 level level NOUN flr-503 241 38 of of ADP flr-503 241 39 pre pre ADJ flr-503 241 40 - - ADJ flr-503 241 41 academic academic ADJ flr-503 241 42 learning learning NOUN flr-503 241 43 self self NOUN flr-503 241 44 - - PUNCT flr-503 241 45 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 241 46 is be AUX flr-503 241 47 associated associate VERB flr-503 241 48 with with ADP flr-503 241 49 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 241 50 . . PUNCT flr-503 242 1 we we PRON flr-503 242 2 therefore therefore ADV flr-503 242 3 call call VERB flr-503 242 4 for for ADP flr-503 242 5 three three NUM flr-503 242 6 lines line NOUN flr-503 242 7 of of ADP flr-503 242 8 further further ADJ flr-503 242 9 studies study NOUN flr-503 242 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 243 1 firstly firstly ADV flr-503 243 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 243 3 studies study NOUN flr-503 243 4 to to PART flr-503 243 5 replicate replicate VERB flr-503 243 6 the the DET flr-503 243 7 findings finding NOUN flr-503 243 8 with with ADP flr-503 243 9 a a DET flr-503 243 10 stronger strong ADJ flr-503 243 11 causal causal ADJ flr-503 243 12 design design NOUN flr-503 243 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 244 1 secondly secondly ADV flr-503 244 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 244 3 applied apply VERB flr-503 244 4 studies study NOUN flr-503 244 5 to to PART flr-503 244 6 show show VERB flr-503 244 7 how how SCONJ flr-503 244 8 end end VERB flr-503 244 9 how how SCONJ flr-503 244 10 much much ADJ flr-503 244 11 teachers teacher NOUN flr-503 244 12 and and CCONJ flr-503 244 13 other other ADJ flr-503 244 14 educational educational ADJ flr-503 244 15 professionals professional NOUN flr-503 244 16 are be AUX flr-503 244 17 able able ADJ flr-503 244 18 to to PART flr-503 244 19 affect affect VERB flr-503 244 20 student†student†VERB flr-503 244 21 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 244 22 s s PART flr-503 244 23 self self NOUN flr-503 244 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 244 25 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 244 26 positively positively ADV flr-503 244 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 245 1 thirdly thirdly ADV flr-503 245 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 245 3 controlled control VERB flr-503 245 4 intervention intervention NOUN flr-503 245 5 studies study NOUN flr-503 245 6 showing show VERB flr-503 245 7 the the DET flr-503 245 8 effect effect NOUN flr-503 245 9 of of ADP flr-503 245 10 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ flr-503 245 11 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 245 12 to to PART flr-503 245 13 enhance enhance VERB flr-503 245 14 self self NOUN flr-503 245 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 245 16 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 245 17 on on ADP flr-503 245 18 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 245 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 245 20 intention intention NOUN flr-503 245 21 to to PART flr-503 245 22 persist persist VERB flr-503 245 23 and and CCONJ flr-503 245 24 complete complete ADJ flr-503 245 25 degree degree NOUN flr-503 245 26 programs program NOUN flr-503 245 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 246 1 keypoints keypoint NOUN flr-503 246 2 short short ADJ flr-503 246 3 scales scale NOUN flr-503 246 4 measuring measure VERB flr-503 246 5 pre pre ADJ flr-503 246 6 - - ADJ flr-503 246 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 246 8 learning learning NOUN flr-503 246 9 self self NOUN flr-503 246 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 246 11 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 246 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 246 13 pal pal NOUN flr-503 246 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 246 15 se se NOUN flr-503 246 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 246 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 246 18 pre pre ADJ flr-503 246 19 - - ADJ flr-503 246 20 academic academic ADJ flr-503 246 21 exam exam NOUN flr-503 246 22 self self NOUN flr-503 246 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 246 24 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 246 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 246 26 pae pae NOUN flr-503 246 27 - - PUNCT flr-503 246 28 se se X flr-503 246 29 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 246 30 were be AUX flr-503 246 31 developed develop VERB flr-503 246 32 from from ADP flr-503 246 33 existing exist VERB flr-503 246 34 scales scale NOUN flr-503 246 35 . . PUNCT flr-503 247 1 validation validation NOUN flr-503 247 2 data datum NOUN flr-503 247 3 was be AUX flr-503 247 4 drawn draw VERB flr-503 247 5 from from ADP flr-503 247 6 a a DET flr-503 247 7 national national ADJ flr-503 247 8 sample sample NOUN flr-503 247 9 of of ADP flr-503 247 10 students student NOUN flr-503 247 11 admitted admit VERB flr-503 247 12 to to ADP flr-503 247 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 247 14 but but CCONJ flr-503 247 15 prior prior ADV flr-503 247 16 to to ADP flr-503 247 17 starting start VERB flr-503 247 18 at at ADP flr-503 247 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 247 20 university university NOUN flr-503 247 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 247 22 using use VERB flr-503 247 23 a a DET flr-503 247 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 247 25 priory priory NOUN flr-503 247 26 defined define VERB flr-503 247 27 criteria criterion NOUN flr-503 247 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 248 1 using use VERB flr-503 248 2 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 248 3 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 248 4 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 248 5 models model VERB flr-503 248 6 the the DET flr-503 248 7 pal pal NOUN flr-503 248 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 248 9 se se PROPN flr-503 248 10 and and CCONJ flr-503 248 11 pae pae NOUN flr-503 248 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 248 13 se se PROPN flr-503 248 14 were be AUX flr-503 248 15 found find VERB flr-503 248 16 to to PART flr-503 248 17 be be AUX flr-503 248 18 construct construct VERB flr-503 248 19 valid valid ADJ flr-503 248 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 249 1 the the DET flr-503 249 2 pal pal NOUN flr-503 249 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 249 4 se se PROPN flr-503 249 5 was be AUX flr-503 249 6 used use VERB flr-503 249 7 for for ADP flr-503 249 8 investigating investigate VERB flr-503 249 9 the the DET flr-503 249 10 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 249 11 between between ADP flr-503 249 12 pre pre ADJ flr-503 249 13 - - ADJ flr-503 249 14 academic academic ADJ flr-503 249 15 self self NOUN flr-503 249 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 249 17 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 249 18 and and CCONJ flr-503 249 19 half half ADJ flr-503 249 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 249 21 year year NOUN flr-503 249 22 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 249 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 250 1 results result NOUN flr-503 250 2 from from ADP flr-503 250 3 restricted restricted ADJ flr-503 250 4 models model NOUN flr-503 250 5 indicate indicate VERB flr-503 250 6 that that SCONJ flr-503 250 7 pre pre ADJ flr-503 250 8 - - ADJ flr-503 250 9 academic academic ADJ flr-503 250 10 learning learning NOUN flr-503 250 11 self self NOUN flr-503 250 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 250 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 250 14 has have VERB flr-503 250 15 a a DET flr-503 250 16 substantial substantial ADJ flr-503 250 17 effect effect NOUN flr-503 250 18 on on ADP flr-503 250 19 half half ADJ flr-503 250 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 250 21 year year NOUN flr-503 250 22 attrition attrition NOUN flr-503 250 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 251 1 acknowledgments acknowledgment NOUN flr-503 251 2 the the DET flr-503 251 3 authors author NOUN flr-503 251 4 would would AUX flr-503 251 5 like like VERB flr-503 251 6 to to PART flr-503 251 7 thank thank VERB flr-503 251 8 pedro pedro PROPN flr-503 251 9 henrique henrique PROPN flr-503 251 10 ribeiro ribeiro PROPN flr-503 251 11 santiago santiago PROPN flr-503 251 12 for for ADP flr-503 251 13 providing provide VERB flr-503 251 14 us we PRON flr-503 251 15 with with ADP flr-503 251 16 the the DET flr-503 251 17 r r NOUN flr-503 251 18 - - PUNCT flr-503 251 19 code code NOUN flr-503 251 20 for for ADP flr-503 251 21 the the DET flr-503 251 22 items item NOUN flr-503 251 23 maps map NOUN flr-503 251 24 preliminary preliminary ADJ flr-503 251 25 to to ADP flr-503 251 26 its its PRON flr-503 251 27 release release NOUN flr-503 251 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 252 1 references reference NOUN flr-503 252 2 andersen andersen PROPN flr-503 252 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 252 4 e. e. PROPN flr-503 252 5 b. b. PROPN flr-503 252 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 252 7 1973 1973 NUM flr-503 252 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 252 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 253 1 a a DET flr-503 253 2 goodness goodness NOUN flr-503 253 3 of of ADP flr-503 253 4 fit fit ADJ flr-503 253 5 test test NOUN flr-503 253 6 for for ADP flr-503 253 7 the the DET flr-503 253 8 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 253 9 model model PROPN flr-503 253 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 254 1 psychometrika psychometrika PROPN flr-503 254 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 254 3 38(1 38(1 NUM flr-503 254 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 254 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 254 6 123–140 123–140 PROPN flr-503 254 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 255 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 255 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 255 3 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 255 4 / / SYM flr-503 255 5 bf02291180 bf02291180 PROPN flr-503 255 6 aryee aryee PROPN flr-503 255 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 255 8 m. m. NOUN flr-503 255 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 255 10 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 255 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 255 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 256 1 college college NOUN flr-503 256 2 students†students†NOUN flr-503 256 3 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 256 4 persistence persistence NOUN flr-503 256 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 256 6 degree degree NOUN flr-503 256 7 completion completion NOUN flr-503 256 8 in in ADP flr-503 256 9 science science NOUN flr-503 256 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 256 11 technology technology NOUN flr-503 256 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 256 13 engineering engineering NOUN flr-503 256 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 256 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 256 16 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-503 256 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 256 18 stem stem NOUN flr-503 256 19 ): ): PUNCT flr-503 256 20 the the DET flr-503 256 21 role role NOUN flr-503 256 22 of of ADP flr-503 256 23 non non ADJ flr-503 256 24 - - ADJ flr-503 256 25 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-503 256 26 attributes attribute NOUN flr-503 256 27 of of ADP flr-503 256 28 self self NOUN flr-503 256 29 - - PUNCT flr-503 256 30 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 256 31 , , PUNCT flr-503 256 32 outcome outcome NOUN flr-503 256 33 expectations expectation NOUN flr-503 256 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 256 35 and and CCONJ flr-503 256 36 interest interest NOUN flr-503 256 37 , , PUNCT flr-503 256 38 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 256 39 doctoral doctoral ADJ flr-503 256 40 dissertation dissertation NOUN flr-503 256 41 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 256 42 . . PUNCT flr-503 257 1 available available ADJ flr-503 257 2 from from ADP flr-503 257 3 : : PUNCT flr-503 257 4 proquest proquest PROPN flr-503 257 5 dissertations dissertation NOUN flr-503 257 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 257 7 theses these VERB flr-503 257 8 databases database NOUN flr-503 257 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 258 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 258 2 umi umi INTJ flr-503 258 3 no no INTJ flr-503 258 4 . . NOUN flr-503 258 5 10264673 10264673 NUM flr-503 258 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 258 7 bandura bandura NOUN flr-503 258 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 258 9 a. a. NOUN flr-503 258 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 258 11 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 258 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 258 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 259 1 self self NOUN flr-503 259 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 259 3 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 259 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 260 1 the the DET flr-503 260 2 exercise exercise NOUN flr-503 260 3 of of ADP flr-503 260 4 control control NOUN flr-503 260 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 261 1 new new PROPN flr-503 261 2 york york PROPN flr-503 261 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 4 ny ny PROPN flr-503 261 5 : : PUNCT flr-503 261 6 freeman freeman PROPN flr-503 261 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 261 8 doi doi PROPN flr-503 261 9 : : PUNCT flr-503 261 10 10.5860 10.5860 NUM flr-503 261 11 / / SYM flr-503 261 12 choice.35 choice.35 NOUN flr-503 261 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 261 14 1826 1826 NUM flr-503 261 15 bartimote bartimote NOUN flr-503 261 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 261 17 aufflick aufflick NOUN flr-503 261 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 19 k. k. PROPN flr-503 261 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 21 bridgeman bridgeman PROPN flr-503 261 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 23 a. a. PROPN flr-503 261 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 25 walker walker PROPN flr-503 261 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 27 r. r. PROPN flr-503 261 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 29 sharma sharma PROPN flr-503 261 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 31 m. m. NOUN flr-503 261 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 33 & & CCONJ flr-503 261 34 smith smith PROPN flr-503 261 35 , , PUNCT flr-503 261 36 l. l. PROPN flr-503 261 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 261 38 2015 2015 NUM flr-503 261 39 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 261 40 . . PUNCT flr-503 262 1 the the DET flr-503 262 2 study study NOUN flr-503 262 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 262 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN flr-503 262 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 262 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 262 7 improvement improvement NOUN flr-503 262 8 of of ADP flr-503 262 9 university university NOUN flr-503 262 10 student student NOUN flr-503 262 11 self self NOUN flr-503 262 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 262 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 262 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 263 1 studies study NOUN flr-503 263 2 in in ADP flr-503 263 3 higher high ADJ flr-503 263 4 education education NOUN flr-503 263 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 263 6 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 263 7 ahead ahead ADV flr-503 263 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 263 9 of of ADP flr-503 263 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 263 11 print print NOUN flr-503 263 12 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 263 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 263 14 1 1 NUM flr-503 263 15 - - SYM flr-503 263 16 25 25 NUM flr-503 263 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 264 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 264 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 264 3 10.1080/03075079.2014.999319 10.1080/03075079.2014.999319 NUM flr-503 264 4 benjamini benjamini NOUN flr-503 264 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 264 6 y. y. PROPN flr-503 264 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 264 8 & & CCONJ flr-503 264 9 hochberg hochberg PROPN flr-503 264 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 264 11 y. y. PROPN flr-503 264 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 264 13 1995 1995 NUM flr-503 264 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 264 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 265 1 controlling control VERB flr-503 265 2 the the DET flr-503 265 3 false false ADJ flr-503 265 4 discovery discovery NOUN flr-503 265 5 rate rate NOUN flr-503 265 6 : : PUNCT flr-503 265 7 a a DET flr-503 265 8 practical practical ADJ flr-503 265 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 265 10 powerful powerful ADJ flr-503 265 11 approach approach NOUN flr-503 265 12 to to ADP flr-503 265 13 multiple multiple ADJ flr-503 265 14 testing testing NOUN flr-503 265 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 266 1 journal journal NOUN flr-503 266 2 of of ADP flr-503 266 3 the the DET flr-503 266 4 royal royal ADJ flr-503 266 5 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 266 6 society society NOUN flr-503 266 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 267 1 series series PROPN flr-503 267 2 b b PROPN flr-503 267 3 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 267 4 methodological methodological ADJ flr-503 267 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 267 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 267 7 57(1 57(1 NUM flr-503 267 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 267 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 267 10 289–300 289–300 NUM flr-503 267 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 267 12 doi doi NOUN flr-503 267 13 : : PUNCT flr-503 267 14 10.1111 10.1111 NUM flr-503 267 15 / / SYM flr-503 267 16 j.2517 j.2517 PROPN flr-503 267 17 - - PUNCT flr-503 267 18 6161.1995.tb02031.x 6161.1995.tb02031.x NUM flr-503 267 19 breen breen NOUN flr-503 267 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 267 21 r. r. PROPN flr-503 267 22 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 267 23 karlson karlson PROPN flr-503 267 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 267 25 k. k. PROPN flr-503 267 26 b. b. PROPN flr-503 267 27 & & CCONJ flr-503 267 28 holm holm PROPN flr-503 267 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 267 30 a. a. NOUN flr-503 267 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 267 32 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 267 33 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 267 34 . . PUNCT flr-503 268 1 interpreting interpret VERB flr-503 268 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 268 3 understanding understand VERB flr-503 268 4 logits logit NOUN flr-503 268 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 268 6 probits probit NOUN flr-503 268 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 268 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 268 9 other other ADJ flr-503 268 10 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ flr-503 268 11 probability probability NOUN flr-503 268 12 models model NOUN flr-503 268 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 269 1 annual annual ADJ flr-503 269 2 review review NOUN flr-503 269 3 of of ADP flr-503 269 4 sociology sociology NOUN flr-503 269 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 269 6 44 44 NUM flr-503 269 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 269 8 4.1–4.16 4.1–4.16 NUM flr-503 269 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 269 10 doi doi NOUN flr-503 269 11 : : PUNCT flr-503 269 12 10.1146 10.1146 NUM flr-503 269 13 / / SYM flr-503 269 14 annurev annurev NOUN flr-503 269 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 269 16 soc-073117 soc-073117 NOUN flr-503 269 17 - - PUNCT flr-503 269 18 041429 041429 NUM flr-503 269 19 burger burger NOUN flr-503 269 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 269 21 k. k. PROPN flr-503 269 22 & & CCONJ flr-503 269 23 samuel samuel PROPN flr-503 269 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 269 25 r. r. PROPN flr-503 269 26 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 269 27 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 269 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 269 29 . . PUNCT flr-503 270 1 the the DET flr-503 270 2 role role NOUN flr-503 270 3 of of ADP flr-503 270 4 perceived perceive VERB flr-503 270 5 stress stress NOUN flr-503 270 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 270 7 self self NOUN flr-503 270 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 270 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 270 10 in in ADP flr-503 270 11 young young ADJ flr-503 270 12 people†people†NOUN flr-503 270 13 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 270 14 s s PART flr-503 270 15 life life NOUN flr-503 270 16 satisfaction satisfaction NOUN flr-503 270 17 : : PUNCT flr-503 270 18 a a DET flr-503 270 19 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ flr-503 270 20 study study NOUN flr-503 270 21 . . PUNCT flr-503 271 1 journal journal NOUN flr-503 271 2 of of ADP flr-503 271 3 youth youth NOUN flr-503 271 4 and and CCONJ flr-503 271 5 adolescence adolescence NOUN flr-503 271 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 271 7 46 46 NUM flr-503 271 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 271 9 78–90 78–90 NUM flr-503 271 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 272 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 272 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 272 3 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 272 4 / / SYM flr-503 272 5 s10964 s10964 PROPN flr-503 272 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 272 7 016 016 NUM flr-503 272 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 272 9 0608 0608 NUM flr-503 272 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 272 11 x x SYM flr-503 272 12 cox cox PROPN flr-503 272 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 272 14 d. d. PROPN flr-503 272 15 r. r. PROPN flr-503 272 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 272 17 spjã¸tvoll spjã¸tvoll PROPN flr-503 272 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 272 19 e. e. PROPN flr-503 272 20 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 272 21 johansen johansen PROPN flr-503 272 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 272 23 s. s. PROPN flr-503 272 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 272 25 van van PROPN flr-503 272 26 zwet zwet PROPN flr-503 272 27 , , PUNCT flr-503 272 28 w. w. PROPN flr-503 272 29 r. r. PROPN flr-503 272 30 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 272 31 bithell bithell PROPN flr-503 272 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 272 33 j. j. PROPN flr-503 272 34 f. f. PROPN flr-503 272 35 & & CCONJ flr-503 272 36 barndorff barndorff PROPN flr-503 272 37 - - PUNCT flr-503 272 38 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 272 39 , , PUNCT flr-503 272 40 o. o. PROPN flr-503 272 41 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 272 42 1977 1977 NUM flr-503 272 43 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 272 44 . . PUNCT flr-503 273 1 the the DET flr-503 273 2 role role NOUN flr-503 273 3 of of ADP flr-503 273 4 significance significance NOUN flr-503 273 5 tests test VERB flr-503 273 6 [ [ X flr-503 273 7 with with ADP flr-503 273 8 discussion discussion NOUN flr-503 273 9 and and CCONJ flr-503 273 10 reply reply NOUN flr-503 273 11 ] ] PUNCT flr-503 273 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 274 1 scandinavian scandinavian ADJ flr-503 274 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 274 3 of of ADP flr-503 274 4 statistics statistic NOUN flr-503 274 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 274 6 4 4 NUM flr-503 274 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 274 8 49–70 49–70 NUM flr-503 274 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 275 1 credã credã PROPN flr-503 275 2 © © PROPN flr-503 275 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 275 4 m. m. NOUN flr-503 275 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 275 6 & & CCONJ flr-503 275 7 phillips phillips PROPN flr-503 275 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 275 9 l. l. PROPN flr-503 275 10 a. a. PROPN flr-503 275 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 275 12 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 275 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 275 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 276 1 a a DET flr-503 276 2 meta meta ADJ flr-503 276 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 276 4 analytic analytic ADJ flr-503 276 5 review review NOUN flr-503 276 6 of of ADP flr-503 276 7 the the DET flr-503 276 8 motivated motivated ADJ flr-503 276 9 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 276 10 for for ADP flr-503 276 11 learning learn VERB flr-503 276 12 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-503 276 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 277 1 learning learning NOUN flr-503 277 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 277 3 individual individual ADJ flr-503 277 4 differences difference NOUN flr-503 277 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 277 6 21(4 21(4 NUM flr-503 277 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 277 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 277 9 337–346 337–346 NUM flr-503 277 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 277 11 doi doi NOUN flr-503 277 12 : : PUNCT flr-503 277 13 10.1016 10.1016 NUM flr-503 277 14 / / SYM flr-503 277 15 j.lindif.2011.03.002 j.lindif.2011.03.002 NOUN flr-503 277 16 de de X flr-503 277 17 clercq clercq NOUN flr-503 277 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 277 19 m. m. NOUN flr-503 277 20 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 277 21 galand galand PROPN flr-503 277 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 277 23 b. b. PROPN flr-503 277 24 & & CCONJ flr-503 277 25 frenay frenay PROPN flr-503 277 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 277 27 m. m. NOUN flr-503 277 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 277 29 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 277 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 277 31 . . PUNCT flr-503 278 1 transition transition NOUN flr-503 278 2 from from ADP flr-503 278 3 high high ADJ flr-503 278 4 school school NOUN flr-503 278 5 to to ADP flr-503 278 6 university university NOUN flr-503 278 7 : : PUNCT flr-503 278 8 a a DET flr-503 278 9 person person NOUN flr-503 278 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 278 11 centered center VERB flr-503 278 12 approach approach NOUN flr-503 278 13 to to ADP flr-503 278 14 academic academic ADJ flr-503 278 15 achievement achievement NOUN flr-503 278 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 279 1 european european ADJ flr-503 279 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 279 3 of of ADP flr-503 279 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 279 5 of of ADP flr-503 279 6 education education NOUN flr-503 279 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 279 8 32(1 32(1 NUM flr-503 279 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 279 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 279 11 39 39 NUM flr-503 279 12 - - SYM flr-503 279 13 59 59 NUM flr-503 279 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 280 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 280 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 280 3 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 280 4 / / SYM flr-503 280 5 s10212 s10212 NOUN flr-503 280 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 280 7 016 016 NUM flr-503 280 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 280 9 0298 0298 NUM flr-503 280 10 - - SYM flr-503 280 11 5 5 NUM flr-503 280 12 devonport devonport NOUN flr-503 280 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 280 14 t. t. PROPN flr-503 280 15 j. j. PROPN flr-503 280 16 & & CCONJ flr-503 280 17 lane lane PROPN flr-503 280 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 280 19 a. a. NOUN flr-503 280 20 m. m. NOUN flr-503 280 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 280 22 2006 2006 NUM flr-503 280 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 280 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 281 1 relationships relationship NOUN flr-503 281 2 between between ADP flr-503 281 3 self self NOUN flr-503 281 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 281 5 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 281 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 281 7 coping cope VERB flr-503 281 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 281 9 student student NOUN flr-503 281 10 retention.social retention.social ADJ flr-503 281 11 behavior behavior NOUN flr-503 281 12 and and CCONJ flr-503 281 13 personality personality NOUN flr-503 281 14 : : PUNCT flr-503 281 15 an an DET flr-503 281 16 international international ADJ flr-503 281 17 journal journal NOUN flr-503 281 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 281 19 34(2 34(2 NUM flr-503 281 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 281 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 281 22 127 127 NUM flr-503 281 23 - - SYM flr-503 281 24 138 138 NUM flr-503 281 25 . . PUNCT flr-503 282 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 282 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 282 3 10.2224 10.2224 NUM flr-503 282 4 / / SYM flr-503 282 5 sbp.2006.34.2.127 sbp.2006.34.2.127 NOUN flr-503 282 6 duncan duncan NOUN flr-503 282 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 282 8 t. t. PROPN flr-503 282 9 g. g. PROPN flr-503 282 10 & & CCONJ flr-503 282 11 mckeachie mckeachie PROPN flr-503 282 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 282 13 w. w. PROPN flr-503 282 14 j. j. PROPN flr-503 282 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 282 16 2005 2005 NUM flr-503 282 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 282 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 283 1 the the DET flr-503 283 2 making making NOUN flr-503 283 3 of of ADP flr-503 283 4 the the DET flr-503 283 5 motivated motivated ADJ flr-503 283 6 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 283 7 for for ADP flr-503 283 8 learning learn VERB flr-503 283 9 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-503 283 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 284 1 educational educational ADJ flr-503 284 2 psychologist psychologist NOUN flr-503 284 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 284 4 40(2 40(2 NUM flr-503 284 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 284 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 284 7 117–128 117–128 PROPN flr-503 284 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 284 9 doi doi NOUN flr-503 284 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 284 11 10.1207 10.1207 NUM flr-503 284 12 / / SYM flr-503 284 13 s15326985ep4002_6 s15326985ep4002_6 PROPN flr-503 284 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 284 15 elliott elliott PROPN flr-503 284 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 284 17 d. d. PROPN flr-503 284 18 c. c. PROPN flr-503 284 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 284 20 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 284 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 284 22 . . PUNCT flr-503 285 1 the the DET flr-503 285 2 impact impact NOUN flr-503 285 3 of of ADP flr-503 285 4 self self NOUN flr-503 285 5 beliefs belief NOUN flr-503 285 6 on on ADP flr-503 285 7 post post ADJ flr-503 285 8 - - ADJ flr-503 285 9 secondary secondary ADJ flr-503 285 10 transitions transition NOUN flr-503 285 11 : : PUNCT flr-503 285 12 the the DET flr-503 285 13 moderating moderate VERB flr-503 285 14 effects effect NOUN flr-503 285 15 of of ADP flr-503 285 16 institutional institutional ADJ flr-503 285 17 selectivity selectivity NOUN flr-503 285 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 286 1 higher high ADJ flr-503 286 2 education education NOUN flr-503 286 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 286 4 71(3 71(3 NUM flr-503 286 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 286 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 286 7 415 415 NUM flr-503 286 8 - - SYM flr-503 286 9 431 431 NUM flr-503 286 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 287 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 287 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 287 3 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 287 4 / / SYM flr-503 287 5 s10734 s10734 NUM flr-503 287 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 287 7 015 015 NUM flr-503 287 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 287 9 9913 9913 NUM flr-503 287 10 - - SYM flr-503 287 11 7 7 NUM flr-503 287 12 ferla ferla NOUN flr-503 287 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 287 14 j. j. PROPN flr-503 287 15 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 287 16 valcke valcke PROPN flr-503 287 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 287 18 m. m. PROPN flr-503 287 19 & & CCONJ flr-503 287 20 cai cai PROPN flr-503 287 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 287 22 y. y. PROPN flr-503 287 23 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 287 24 2009 2009 NUM flr-503 287 25 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 287 26 . . PUNCT flr-503 288 1 academic academic ADJ flr-503 288 2 self self NOUN flr-503 288 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 288 4 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 288 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 288 6 academic academic ADJ flr-503 288 7 self self NOUN flr-503 288 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 288 9 concept concept NOUN flr-503 288 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 288 11 reconsidering reconsider VERB flr-503 288 12 structural structural ADJ flr-503 288 13 relationships relationship NOUN flr-503 288 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 289 1 learning learning NOUN flr-503 289 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 289 3 individual individual ADJ flr-503 289 4 differences difference NOUN flr-503 289 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 289 6 19(4 19(4 NOUN flr-503 289 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 289 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 289 9 499 499 NUM flr-503 289 10 - - SYM flr-503 289 11 505 505 NUM flr-503 289 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 290 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 290 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 290 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM flr-503 290 4 / / SYM flr-503 290 5 j.lindif.2009.05.004 j.lindif.2009.05.004 PROPN flr-503 290 6 ginsborg ginsborg NOUN flr-503 290 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 290 8 j. j. PROPN flr-503 290 9 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 290 10 kreutz kreutz PROPN flr-503 290 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 290 12 g. g. PROPN flr-503 290 13 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 290 14 thomas thomas PROPN flr-503 290 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 290 16 m. m. NOUN flr-503 290 17 & & CCONJ flr-503 290 18 williamon williamon NOUN flr-503 290 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 290 20 a. a. NOUN flr-503 290 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 290 22 2009 2009 NUM flr-503 290 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 290 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 291 1 healthy healthy ADJ flr-503 291 2 behaviours behaviour NOUN flr-503 291 3 in in ADP flr-503 291 4 music music NOUN flr-503 291 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 291 6 non non ADJ flr-503 291 7 - - ADJ flr-503 291 8 music music ADJ flr-503 291 9 performance performance NOUN flr-503 291 10 students student NOUN flr-503 291 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 292 1 health health NOUN flr-503 292 2 education education NOUN flr-503 292 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 292 4 109(3 109(3 NUM flr-503 292 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 292 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 292 7 242 242 NUM flr-503 292 8 - - SYM flr-503 292 9 258 258 NUM flr-503 292 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 293 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 293 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 293 3 10.1108/09654280910955575 10.1108/09654280910955575 NUM flr-503 293 4 greene greene PROPN flr-503 293 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 293 6 w. w. PROPN flr-503 293 7 h. h. PROPN flr-503 293 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 293 9 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 293 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 293 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 294 1 econometric econometric ADJ flr-503 294 2 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 294 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 295 1 seventh seventh PROPN flr-503 295 2 edition edition PROPN flr-503 295 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 296 1 upper upper ADJ flr-503 296 2 saddle saddle PROPN flr-503 296 3 river river NOUN flr-503 296 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 296 5 prentice prentice NOUN flr-503 296 6 hall hall PROPN flr-503 296 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 297 1 hamon hamon NOUN flr-503 297 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 297 3 a. a. PROPN flr-503 297 4 & & CCONJ flr-503 297 5 mesbah mesbah PROPN flr-503 297 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 297 7 m. m. NOUN flr-503 297 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 297 9 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 297 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 297 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 298 1 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-503 298 2 reliability reliability NOUN flr-503 298 3 under under ADP flr-503 298 4 the the DET flr-503 298 5 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 298 6 model model NOUN flr-503 298 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 299 1 in in ADP flr-503 299 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 299 3 mesbah mesbah NOUN flr-503 299 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 299 5 m. m. NOUN flr-503 299 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 299 7 cole cole PROPN flr-503 299 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 299 9 b. b. PROPN flr-503 299 10 f. f. PROPN flr-503 299 11 & & CCONJ flr-503 299 12 lee lee PROPN flr-503 299 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 299 14 m. m. NOUN flr-503 299 15 t. t. PROPN flr-503 299 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 299 17 eds eds PROPN flr-503 299 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 299 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 299 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 300 1 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 300 2 methods method NOUN flr-503 300 3 for for ADP flr-503 300 4 quality quality NOUN flr-503 300 5 of of ADP flr-503 300 6 life life NOUN flr-503 300 7 studies study NOUN flr-503 300 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 301 1 dordrecht dordrecht PROPN flr-503 301 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 301 3 kluwer kluwer PROPN flr-503 301 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 301 5 publishers publisher NOUN flr-503 301 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 301 7 pp pp ADP flr-503 301 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 302 1 155 155 NUM flr-503 302 2 - - SYM flr-503 302 3 68 68 NUM flr-503 302 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 303 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 303 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 303 3 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 NUM flr-503 303 4 - - SYM flr-503 303 5 1 1 NUM flr-503 303 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 303 7 4757 4757 NUM flr-503 303 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 303 9 3625 3625 NUM flr-503 303 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 303 11 0_13 0_13 NUM flr-503 303 12 heckman heckman PROPN flr-503 303 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 303 14 j.j j.j PROPN flr-503 303 15 . . PROPN flr-503 303 16 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 303 17 humphries humphries PROPN flr-503 303 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 303 19 j.e j.e PROPN flr-503 303 20 . . PROPN flr-503 303 21 and and CCONJ flr-503 303 22 veramendi veramendi NOUN flr-503 303 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 303 24 g. g. PROPN flr-503 303 25 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 303 26 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 303 27 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 303 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 304 1 returns return NOUN flr-503 304 2 to to ADP flr-503 304 3 education education NOUN flr-503 304 4 : : PUNCT flr-503 304 5 the the DET flr-503 304 6 causal causal ADJ flr-503 304 7 effects effect NOUN flr-503 304 8 of of ADP flr-503 304 9 education education NOUN flr-503 304 10 on on ADP flr-503 304 11 earnings earning NOUN flr-503 304 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 304 13 health health NOUN flr-503 304 14 and and CCONJ flr-503 304 15 smoking smoking NOUN flr-503 304 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 305 1 nber nber PROPN flr-503 305 2 working working PROPN flr-503 305 3 paper paper NOUN flr-503 305 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 305 5 may may AUX flr-503 305 6 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 305 7 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 305 8 22291 22291 NUM flr-503 305 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 305 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 306 1 huang huang PROPN flr-503 306 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 306 3 c. c. PROPN flr-503 306 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 306 5 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 306 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 306 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 307 1 gender gender NOUN flr-503 307 2 differences difference NOUN flr-503 307 3 in in ADP flr-503 307 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 307 5 self self NOUN flr-503 307 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 307 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 307 8 : : PUNCT flr-503 307 9 a a DET flr-503 307 10 meta meta ADJ flr-503 307 11 - - PUNCT flr-503 307 12 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 307 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 308 1 european european ADJ flr-503 308 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 308 3 of of ADP flr-503 308 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 308 5 of of ADP flr-503 308 6 education education NOUN flr-503 308 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 308 8 28(1 28(1 NOUN flr-503 308 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 308 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 308 11 1–35 1–35 INTJ flr-503 308 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 309 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 309 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 309 3 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 309 4 / / SYM flr-503 309 5 s10212 s10212 NOUN flr-503 309 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 309 7 011 011 NUM flr-503 309 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 309 9 0097 0097 NUM flr-503 309 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 309 11 y y PROPN flr-503 309 12 kelderman kelderman NOUN flr-503 309 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 309 14 h. h. PROPN flr-503 309 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 309 16 1984 1984 NUM flr-503 309 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 309 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 310 1 loglinear loglinear PROPN flr-503 310 2 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 310 3 model model PROPN flr-503 310 4 tests test NOUN flr-503 310 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 311 1 psychometrika psychometrika X flr-503 311 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 311 3 49 49 NUM flr-503 311 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 311 5 223 223 NUM flr-503 311 6 - - SYM flr-503 311 7 245 245 NUM flr-503 311 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 312 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 312 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 312 3 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 312 4 / / SYM flr-503 312 5 bf02294174 bf02294174 PROPN flr-503 312 6 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 312 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 312 8 s. s. PROPN flr-503 312 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 312 10 2003 2003 NUM flr-503 312 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 312 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 313 1 introduction introduction NOUN flr-503 313 2 to to ADP flr-503 313 3 digram digram PROPN flr-503 313 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 314 1 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 314 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 314 3 department department NOUN flr-503 314 4 of of ADP flr-503 314 5 biostatistics biostatistic NOUN flr-503 314 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 314 7 university university NOUN flr-503 314 8 of of ADP flr-503 314 9 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 314 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 315 1 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 315 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 315 3 s. s. PROPN flr-503 315 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 315 5 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 315 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 315 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 316 1 validity validity NOUN flr-503 316 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 316 3 objectivity objectivity NOUN flr-503 316 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 317 1 reflections reflection NOUN flr-503 317 2 on on ADP flr-503 317 3 the the DET flr-503 317 4 role role NOUN flr-503 317 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 317 6 nature nature NOUN flr-503 317 7 of of ADP flr-503 317 8 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 317 9 models model NOUN flr-503 317 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 318 1 nordic nordic ADJ flr-503 318 2 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 318 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 318 4 59 59 NUM flr-503 318 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 318 6 268 268 NUM flr-503 318 7 - - SYM flr-503 318 8 298 298 NUM flr-503 318 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 319 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 319 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 319 3 10.1027/1901 10.1027/1901 NUM flr-503 319 4 - - SYM flr-503 319 5 2276.59.3.268 2276.59.3.268 NUM flr-503 319 6 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 319 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 319 8 s. s. PROPN flr-503 319 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 319 10 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 319 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 319 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 320 1 the the DET flr-503 320 2 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 320 3 model model NOUN flr-503 320 4 for for ADP flr-503 320 5 dichotomous dichotomous ADJ flr-503 320 6 items item NOUN flr-503 320 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 321 1 in in ADP flr-503 321 2 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 321 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 321 4 k. k. PROPN flr-503 321 5 b. b. PROPN flr-503 321 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 321 7 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 321 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 321 9 s. s. PROPN flr-503 321 10 & & CCONJ flr-503 321 11 mesbah mesbah PROPN flr-503 321 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 321 13 m. m. NOUN flr-503 321 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 321 15 eds ed NOUN flr-503 321 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 321 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 322 1 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 322 2 models model NOUN flr-503 322 3 in in ADP flr-503 322 4 health health NOUN flr-503 322 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 323 1 london london PROPN flr-503 323 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 323 3 iste iste PROPN flr-503 323 4 ltd ltd PROPN flr-503 323 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 323 6 wiley wiley PROPN flr-503 323 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 323 8 pp pp X flr-503 323 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 324 1 5–26 5–26 NUM flr-503 324 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 325 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 325 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 325 3 10.1002/9781118574454.ch1 10.1002/9781118574454.ch1 NUM flr-503 325 4 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 325 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 325 6 s. s. PROPN flr-503 325 7 & & CCONJ flr-503 325 8 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 325 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 325 10 k.b k.b PROPN flr-503 325 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 325 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 325 13 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 325 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 325 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 326 1 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 326 2 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 326 3 models model NOUN flr-503 326 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 327 1 in in ADP flr-503 327 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 327 3 mesbah mesbah NOUN flr-503 327 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 327 5 m. m. NOUN flr-503 327 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 327 7 cole cole PROPN flr-503 327 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 327 9 b. b. PROPN flr-503 327 10 f. f. PROPN flr-503 327 11 & & CCONJ flr-503 327 12 lee lee PROPN flr-503 327 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 327 14 m. m. NOUN flr-503 327 15 t. t. PROPN flr-503 327 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 327 17 eds eds PROPN flr-503 327 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 327 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 327 20 statistical statistical ADJ flr-503 327 21 methods method NOUN flr-503 327 22 for for ADP flr-503 327 23 quality quality NOUN flr-503 327 24 of of ADP flr-503 327 25 life life NOUN flr-503 327 26 studies study NOUN flr-503 327 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 328 1 dordrecht dordrecht PROPN flr-503 328 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 328 3 kluwer kluwer PROPN flr-503 328 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 328 5 publishers publisher NOUN flr-503 328 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 328 7 pp pp ADJ flr-503 328 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 329 1 187–203 187–203 X flr-503 329 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 330 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 330 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 330 3 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 NUM flr-503 330 4 - - SYM flr-503 330 5 1 1 NUM flr-503 330 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 330 7 4757 4757 NUM flr-503 330 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 330 9 3625 3625 NUM flr-503 330 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 330 11 0_15 0_15 NUM flr-503 330 12 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 330 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 330 14 s. s. PROPN flr-503 330 15 & & CCONJ flr-503 330 16 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 330 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 330 18 k. k. PROPN flr-503 330 19 b. b. PROPN flr-503 330 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 330 21 2004 2004 NUM flr-503 330 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 330 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 331 1 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 331 2 of of ADP flr-503 331 3 local local ADJ flr-503 331 4 dependence dependence NOUN flr-503 331 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 331 6 multidimensionality multidimensionality NOUN flr-503 331 7 in in ADP flr-503 331 8 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 331 9 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 331 10 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 331 11 models model NOUN flr-503 331 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 332 1 communication communication NOUN flr-503 332 2 in in ADP flr-503 332 3 statistics statistic NOUN flr-503 332 4 ††NUM flr-503 332 5 “ " PUNCT flr-503 332 6 theory theory NOUN flr-503 332 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 332 8 methods method NOUN flr-503 332 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 332 10 33(6 33(6 NUM flr-503 332 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 332 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 332 13 1239–1276 1239–1276 NUM flr-503 332 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 332 15 doi doi NOUN flr-503 332 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 332 17 10.1081 10.1081 NUM flr-503 332 18 / / SYM flr-503 332 19 sta-120030148 sta-120030148 PROPN flr-503 332 20 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 332 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 332 22 s. s. PROPN flr-503 332 23 & & CCONJ flr-503 332 24 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 332 25 , , PUNCT flr-503 332 26 k. k. PROPN flr-503 332 27 b. b. PROPN flr-503 332 28 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 332 29 2007 2007 NUM flr-503 332 30 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 332 31 . . PUNCT flr-503 333 1 validity validity NOUN flr-503 333 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 333 3 objectivity objectivity NOUN flr-503 333 4 in in ADP flr-503 333 5 health health NOUN flr-503 333 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 333 7 related relate VERB flr-503 333 8 scales scale NOUN flr-503 333 9 : : PUNCT flr-503 333 10 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 333 11 by by ADP flr-503 333 12 graphical graphical ADJ flr-503 333 13 loglinear loglinear NOUN flr-503 333 14 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 333 15 models model NOUN flr-503 333 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 334 1 in in ADP flr-503 334 2 von von PROPN flr-503 334 3 davier davier PROPN flr-503 334 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 334 5 m. m. NOUN flr-503 334 6 & & CCONJ flr-503 334 7 carstensen carstensen PROPN flr-503 334 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 334 9 c. c. PROPN flr-503 334 10 h. h. PROPN flr-503 334 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 334 12 eds eds PROPN flr-503 334 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 334 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 334 15 multivariate multivariate NOUN flr-503 334 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 334 17 mixture mixture NOUN flr-503 334 18 distribution distribution NOUN flr-503 334 19 rasch rasch NOUN flr-503 334 20 models model NOUN flr-503 334 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 334 22 new new PROPN flr-503 334 23 york york PROPN flr-503 334 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 334 25 springer springer NOUN flr-503 334 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 334 27 pp pp PROPN flr-503 334 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 334 29 329 329 NUM flr-503 334 30 - - SYM flr-503 334 31 346 346 NUM flr-503 334 32 . . PUNCT flr-503 335 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 335 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 335 3 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 NUM flr-503 335 4 - - SYM flr-503 335 5 0 0 NUM flr-503 335 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 335 7 387 387 NUM flr-503 335 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 335 9 49839 49839 NUM flr-503 335 10 - - PUNCT flr-503 335 11 3_21 3_21 NUM flr-503 335 12 kreiner kreiner NOUN flr-503 335 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 335 14 s. s. PROPN flr-503 335 15 & & CCONJ flr-503 335 16 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 335 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 335 18 k. k. PROPN flr-503 335 19 b. b. PROPN flr-503 335 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 335 21 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 335 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 335 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 336 1 person person NOUN flr-503 336 2 parameter parameter NOUN flr-503 336 3 estimation estimation NOUN flr-503 336 4 and and CCONJ flr-503 336 5 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 336 6 in in ADP flr-503 336 7 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 336 8 models model NOUN flr-503 336 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 337 1 in in ADP flr-503 337 2 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 337 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 337 4 k. k. PROPN flr-503 337 5 b. b. PROPN flr-503 337 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 337 7 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 337 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 337 9 s. s. PROPN flr-503 337 10 & & CCONJ flr-503 337 11 mesbah mesbah PROPN flr-503 337 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 337 13 m. m. NOUN flr-503 337 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 337 15 eds ed NOUN flr-503 337 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 337 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 338 1 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 338 2 models model NOUN flr-503 338 3 in in ADP flr-503 338 4 health health NOUN flr-503 338 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 339 1 london london PROPN flr-503 339 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 339 3 iste iste PROPN flr-503 339 4 ltd ltd PROPN flr-503 339 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 339 6 wiley wiley PROPN flr-503 339 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 339 8 pp pp X flr-503 339 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 340 1 63–78 63–78 NUM flr-503 340 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 341 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 341 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 341 3 10.1002/9781118574454.ch4 10.1002/9781118574454.ch4 NUM flr-503 341 4 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 341 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 341 6 s. s. PROPN flr-503 341 7 & & CCONJ flr-503 341 8 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 341 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 341 10 t. t. PROPN flr-503 341 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 341 12 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 341 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 341 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 342 1 item item NOUN flr-503 342 2 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 342 3 in in ADP flr-503 342 4 digram digram NOUN flr-503 342 5 3.04 3.04 NUM flr-503 342 6 . . PUNCT flr-503 343 1 part part NOUN flr-503 344 1 i i NOUN flr-503 344 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 344 3 guided guide VERB flr-503 344 4 tours tour NOUN flr-503 344 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 345 1 research research NOUN flr-503 345 2 report report NOUN flr-503 345 3 2013/06 2013/06 NUM flr-503 345 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 346 1 university university NOUN flr-503 346 2 of of ADP flr-503 346 3 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 346 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 346 5 department department NOUN flr-503 346 6 of of ADP flr-503 346 7 public public ADJ flr-503 346 8 health health NOUN flr-503 346 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 347 1 lent lent PROPN flr-503 347 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 347 3 r. r. PROPN flr-503 347 4 w. w. PROPN flr-503 347 5 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 347 6 miller miller PROPN flr-503 347 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 347 8 m. m. PROPN flr-503 347 9 j. j. PROPN flr-503 347 10 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 347 11 smith smith PROPN flr-503 347 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 347 13 p. p. PROPN flr-503 347 14 e. e. PROPN flr-503 347 15 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 347 16 watford watford PROPN flr-503 347 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 347 18 b. b. PROPN flr-503 347 19 a. a. PROPN flr-503 347 20 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 348 1 lim lim PROPN flr-503 348 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 348 3 r. r. PROPN flr-503 348 4 h. h. PROPN flr-503 348 5 & & CCONJ flr-503 348 6 hui hui PROPN flr-503 348 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 348 8 k. k. PROPN flr-503 348 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 348 10 2016 2016 NUM flr-503 348 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 348 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 349 1 social social ADJ flr-503 349 2 cognitive cognitive ADJ flr-503 349 3 predictors predictor NOUN flr-503 349 4 of of ADP flr-503 349 5 academic academic ADJ flr-503 349 6 persistence persistence NOUN flr-503 349 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 349 8 performance performance NOUN flr-503 349 9 in in ADP flr-503 349 10 engineering engineering NOUN flr-503 349 11 : : PUNCT flr-503 349 12 applicability applicability NOUN flr-503 349 13 across across ADP flr-503 349 14 gender gender NOUN flr-503 349 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 349 16 race race NOUN flr-503 349 17 / / SYM flr-503 349 18 ethnicity ethnicity NOUN flr-503 349 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 350 1 journal journal PROPN flr-503 350 2 of of ADP flr-503 350 3 vocational vocational ADJ flr-503 350 4 behavior behavior NOUN flr-503 350 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 350 6 94 94 NUM flr-503 350 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 350 8 79 79 NUM flr-503 350 9 - - SYM flr-503 350 10 88 88 NUM flr-503 350 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 351 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 351 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 351 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM flr-503 351 4 / / SYM flr-503 351 5 j.jvb.2016.02.012 j.jvb.2016.02.012 PROPN flr-503 351 6 lindstrã¸m lindstrã¸m PROPN flr-503 351 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 351 8 c. c. PROPN flr-503 351 9 & & CCONJ flr-503 351 10 sharma sharma PROPN flr-503 351 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 351 12 m. m. NOUN flr-503 351 13 d. d. PROPN flr-503 351 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 351 15 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 351 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 351 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 352 1 self self NOUN flr-503 352 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 352 3 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 352 4 of of ADP flr-503 352 5 first first ADJ flr-503 352 6 year year NOUN flr-503 352 7 university university NOUN flr-503 352 8 physics physics NOUN flr-503 352 9 students student NOUN flr-503 352 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 352 11 do do VERB flr-503 352 12 gender gender NOUN flr-503 352 13 and and CCONJ flr-503 352 14 prior prior ADJ flr-503 352 15 formal formal ADJ flr-503 352 16 instruction instruction NOUN flr-503 352 17 in in ADP flr-503 352 18 physics physics NOUN flr-503 352 19 matter matter NOUN flr-503 352 20 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 353 1 international international ADJ flr-503 353 2 journal journal NOUN flr-503 353 3 of of ADP flr-503 353 4 innovation innovation NOUN flr-503 353 5 in in ADP flr-503 353 6 science science NOUN flr-503 353 7 and and CCONJ flr-503 353 8 mathematics mathematic NOUN flr-503 353 9 education education NOUN flr-503 353 10 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 353 11 formerly formerly ADV flr-503 353 12 cal cal ADJ flr-503 353 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 353 14 laborate laborate NOUN flr-503 353 15 international international PROPN flr-503 353 16 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 353 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 353 18 19 19 NUM flr-503 353 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 353 20 2 2 NUM flr-503 353 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 353 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 353 23 1–19 1–19 X flr-503 353 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 354 1 luszczynska luszczynska PROPN flr-503 354 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 354 3 a. a. NOUN flr-503 354 4 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 354 5 gutiã gutiã NOUN flr-503 354 6 © © NOUN flr-503 354 7 rrez rrez NOUN flr-503 354 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 354 9 doã±a doã±a NOUN flr-503 354 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 354 11 b. b. PROPN flr-503 354 12 & & CCONJ flr-503 354 13 schwarzer schwarzer PROPN flr-503 354 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 354 15 r. r. PROPN flr-503 354 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 354 17 2005 2005 NUM flr-503 354 18 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 354 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 355 1 general general ADJ flr-503 355 2 self self NOUN flr-503 355 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 355 4 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 355 5 in in ADP flr-503 355 6 various various ADJ flr-503 355 7 domains domain NOUN flr-503 355 8 of of ADP flr-503 355 9 human human ADJ flr-503 355 10 functioning functioning NOUN flr-503 355 11 : : PUNCT flr-503 355 12 evidence evidence NOUN flr-503 355 13 from from ADP flr-503 355 14 five five NUM flr-503 355 15 countries country NOUN flr-503 355 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 356 1 international international ADJ flr-503 356 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 356 3 of of ADP flr-503 356 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 356 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 356 6 40(2 40(2 NUM flr-503 356 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 356 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 356 9 80 80 NUM flr-503 356 10 - - SYM flr-503 356 11 89 89 NUM flr-503 356 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 357 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 357 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 357 3 10.1080/00207590444000041 10.1080/00207590444000041 NUM flr-503 357 4 masters master NOUN flr-503 357 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 357 6 g. g. PROPN flr-503 357 7 n. n. PROPN flr-503 357 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 357 9 1982 1982 NUM flr-503 357 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 357 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 358 1 a a DET flr-503 358 2 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 358 3 model model NOUN flr-503 358 4 for for ADP flr-503 358 5 partial partial ADJ flr-503 358 6 credit credit NOUN flr-503 358 7 scoring scoring NOUN flr-503 358 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 359 1 psychometrika psychometrika NOUN flr-503 359 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 359 3 47 47 NUM flr-503 359 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 359 5 149 149 NUM flr-503 359 6 - - SYM flr-503 359 7 174 174 NUM flr-503 359 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 359 9 doi doi NOUN flr-503 359 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 359 11 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 359 12 / / SYM flr-503 359 13 bf02296272 bf02296272 NOUN flr-503 359 14 mellenbergh mellenbergh NOUN flr-503 359 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 359 16 g. g. PROPN flr-503 359 17 j. j. PROPN flr-503 359 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 359 19 1989 1989 NUM flr-503 359 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 359 21 . . PUNCT flr-503 360 1 item item NOUN flr-503 360 2 bias bias NOUN flr-503 360 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 360 4 item item NOUN flr-503 360 5 response response NOUN flr-503 360 6 theory theory NOUN flr-503 360 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 361 1 international international ADJ flr-503 361 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 361 3 of of ADP flr-503 361 4 educational educational ADJ flr-503 361 5 research research NOUN flr-503 361 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 361 7 13 13 NUM flr-503 361 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 361 9 127 127 NUM flr-503 361 10 - - SYM flr-503 361 11 143 143 NUM flr-503 361 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 362 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 362 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 362 3 10.1016/0883 10.1016/0883 NUM flr-503 362 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 362 5 0355(89)90002 0355(89)90002 NUM flr-503 362 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 362 7 5 5 NUM flr-503 362 8 meredith meredith NOUN flr-503 362 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 362 10 w. w. NOUN flr-503 362 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 362 12 1993 1993 NUM flr-503 362 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 362 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 363 1 psychometrika psychometrika NOUN flr-503 363 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 363 3 58(4 58(4 NUM flr-503 363 4 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 363 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 363 6 525 525 NUM flr-503 363 7 - - SYM flr-503 363 8 543 543 NUM flr-503 363 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 363 10 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 PROPN flr-503 363 11 / / SYM flr-503 363 12 bf02294825 bf02294825 PROPN flr-503 363 13 mesbah mesbah NOUN flr-503 363 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 363 15 m. m. NOUN flr-503 363 16 & & CCONJ flr-503 363 17 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 363 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 363 19 s. s. PROPN flr-503 363 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 363 21 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 363 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 363 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 364 1 the the DET flr-503 364 2 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 364 3 model model NOUN flr-503 364 4 for for ADP flr-503 364 5 ordered order VERB flr-503 364 6 polytomous polytomous ADJ flr-503 364 7 items item NOUN flr-503 364 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 365 1 in in ADP flr-503 365 2 christensen christensen PROPN flr-503 365 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 365 4 k. k. PROPN flr-503 365 5 b. b. PROPN flr-503 365 6 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 365 7 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 365 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 365 9 s. s. PROPN flr-503 365 10 & & CCONJ flr-503 365 11 mesbah mesbah PROPN flr-503 365 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 365 13 m. m. NOUN flr-503 365 14 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 365 15 eds ed NOUN flr-503 365 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 365 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 366 1 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 366 2 models model NOUN flr-503 366 3 in in ADP flr-503 366 4 health health NOUN flr-503 366 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 367 1 london london PROPN flr-503 367 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 367 3 iste iste PROPN flr-503 367 4 ltd ltd PROPN flr-503 367 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 367 6 wiley wiley PROPN flr-503 367 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 367 8 pp pp ADJ flr-503 367 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 368 1 27 27 NUM flr-503 368 2 - - SYM flr-503 368 3 42 42 NUM flr-503 368 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 369 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 369 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 369 3 10.1002/9781118574454.ch2 10.1002/9781118574454.ch2 NUM flr-503 369 4 multon multon NOUN flr-503 369 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 369 6 k. k. PROPN flr-503 369 7 d. d. PROPN flr-503 369 8 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 369 9 brown brown PROPN flr-503 369 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 369 11 s. s. PROPN flr-503 369 12 d. d. PROPN flr-503 369 13 & & CCONJ flr-503 369 14 lent lent PROPN flr-503 369 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 369 16 r. r. PROPN flr-503 369 17 w. w. PROPN flr-503 369 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 369 19 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 369 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 369 21 . . PUNCT flr-503 370 1 relation relation NOUN flr-503 370 2 of of ADP flr-503 370 3 self self NOUN flr-503 370 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 370 5 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 370 6 beliefs belief NOUN flr-503 370 7 to to ADP flr-503 370 8 academic academic ADJ flr-503 370 9 outcomes outcome NOUN flr-503 370 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 370 11 a a DET flr-503 370 12 meta meta ADJ flr-503 370 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 370 14 analytic analytic ADJ flr-503 370 15 investigation investigation NOUN flr-503 370 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 371 1 journal journal NOUN flr-503 371 2 of of ADP flr-503 371 3 counseling counsel VERB flr-503 371 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 371 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 371 6 38(1 38(1 NUM flr-503 371 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 371 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 371 9 30-38.doi 30-38.doi NUM flr-503 371 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 371 11 10.1037/0022 10.1037/0022 NUM flr-503 371 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 371 13 0167.38.1.30 0167.38.1.30 NUM flr-503 371 14 muris muris PROPN flr-503 371 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 371 16 p. p. NOUN flr-503 371 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 371 18 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 371 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 371 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 372 1 relationships relationship NOUN flr-503 372 2 between between ADP flr-503 372 3 self self NOUN flr-503 372 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 372 5 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 372 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 372 7 symptoms symptom NOUN flr-503 372 8 of of ADP flr-503 372 9 anxiety anxiety NOUN flr-503 372 10 disorders disorder NOUN flr-503 372 11 and and CCONJ flr-503 372 12 depression depression NOUN flr-503 372 13 in in ADP flr-503 372 14 a a DET flr-503 372 15 normal normal ADJ flr-503 372 16 adolescent adolescent ADJ flr-503 372 17 sample sample NOUN flr-503 372 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 373 1 personality personality NOUN flr-503 373 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 373 3 individual individual ADJ flr-503 373 4 differences difference NOUN flr-503 373 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 373 6 32(2 32(2 NUM flr-503 373 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 373 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 373 9 337–348 337–348 PROPN flr-503 373 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 374 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 374 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 374 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM flr-503 374 4 / / SYM flr-503 374 5 s01918869(01)00027 s01918869(01)00027 NOUN flr-503 374 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 374 7 7 7 NUM flr-503 374 8 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 374 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 374 10 t. t. PROPN flr-503 374 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 374 12 dammeyer dammeyer PROPN flr-503 374 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 374 14 j. j. PROPN flr-503 374 15 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 374 16 vang vang PROPN flr-503 374 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 374 18 m. m. PROPN flr-503 374 19 l. l. PROPN flr-503 374 20 & & CCONJ flr-503 374 21 makransky makransky PROPN flr-503 374 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 374 23 g. g. PROPN flr-503 374 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 374 25 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 374 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 374 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 375 1 gender gender NOUN flr-503 375 2 fairness fairness NOUN flr-503 375 3 in in ADP flr-503 375 4 self self NOUN flr-503 375 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 375 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 375 7 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 376 1 a a DET flr-503 376 2 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 376 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 376 4 based base VERB flr-503 376 5 validity validity NOUN flr-503 376 6 study study NOUN flr-503 376 7 of of ADP flr-503 376 8 the the DET flr-503 376 9 general general ADJ flr-503 376 10 academic academic ADJ flr-503 376 11 self self NOUN flr-503 376 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 376 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 376 14 scale scale NOUN flr-503 376 15 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 376 16 gase gase NOUN flr-503 376 17 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 376 18 . . PUNCT flr-503 377 1 scandinavian scandinavian ADJ flr-503 377 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 377 3 of of ADP flr-503 377 4 educational educational ADJ flr-503 377 5 research research NOUN flr-503 377 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 377 7 62(5 62(5 NOUN flr-503 377 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 377 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 377 10 664 664 NUM flr-503 377 11 - - SYM flr-503 377 12 681 681 NUM flr-503 377 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 378 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 378 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 378 3 10.1080/00313831.2017.1306796 10.1080/00313831.2017.1306796 PROPN flr-503 378 4 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 378 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 378 6 t. t. PROPN flr-503 378 7 & & CCONJ flr-503 378 8 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 378 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 378 10 s. s. PROPN flr-503 378 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 378 12 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 378 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 378 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 379 1 improving improve VERB flr-503 379 2 items item NOUN flr-503 379 3 that that PRON flr-503 379 4 do do AUX flr-503 379 5 not not PART flr-503 379 6 fit fit VERB flr-503 379 7 the the DET flr-503 379 8 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 379 9 model model PROPN flr-503 379 10 : : PUNCT flr-503 379 11 exemplified exemplify VERB flr-503 379 12 with with ADP flr-503 379 13 the the DET flr-503 379 14 physical physical ADJ flr-503 379 15 functioning function VERB flr-503 379 16 scale scale NOUN flr-503 379 17 of of ADP flr-503 379 18 the the DET flr-503 379 19 sf-36 sf-36 NOUN flr-503 379 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 380 1 annales annales PROPN flr-503 380 2 de de PROPN flr-503 380 3 l†l†PROPN flr-503 380 4 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 380 5 i.s.u.p i.s.u.p PROPN flr-503 380 6 . . PUNCT flr-503 380 7 publications publication NOUN flr-503 380 8 de de X flr-503 380 9 l†l†PROPN flr-503 380 10 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 380 11 institut institut PROPN flr-503 380 12 de de X flr-503 380 13 statistique statistique X flr-503 380 14 de de X flr-503 380 15 l†l†PROPN flr-503 380 16 ™ ™ PROPN flr-503 380 17 universitã universitã PROPN flr-503 380 18 © © PROPN flr-503 380 19 de de X flr-503 380 20 paris paris PROPN flr-503 380 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 380 22 numero numero PROPN flr-503 380 23 special special ADJ flr-503 380 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 380 25 57(1 57(1 NUM flr-503 380 26 - - SYM flr-503 380 27 2 2 NUM flr-503 380 28 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 380 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 380 30 91 91 NUM flr-503 380 31 - - SYM flr-503 380 32 108 108 NUM flr-503 380 33 . . PUNCT flr-503 381 1 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 381 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 381 3 t. t. PROPN flr-503 381 4 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 381 5 makransky makransky ADJ flr-503 381 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 381 7 g. g. PROPN flr-503 381 8 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 381 9 vang vang PROPN flr-503 381 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 381 11 m. m. PROPN flr-503 381 12 l. l. PROPN flr-503 381 13 & & CCONJ flr-503 381 14 dammeyer dammeyer PROPN flr-503 381 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 381 16 j. j. PROPN flr-503 381 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 381 18 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 381 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 381 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 382 1 how how SCONJ flr-503 382 2 specific specific ADJ flr-503 382 3 is be AUX flr-503 382 4 specific specific ADJ flr-503 382 5 self self NOUN flr-503 382 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 382 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 382 8 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 383 1 a a DET flr-503 383 2 construct construct NOUN flr-503 383 3 validity validity NOUN flr-503 383 4 study study NOUN flr-503 383 5 using use VERB flr-503 383 6 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 383 7 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 383 8 models model NOUN flr-503 383 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 384 1 studies study NOUN flr-503 384 2 in in ADP flr-503 384 3 educational educational ADJ flr-503 384 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN flr-503 384 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 384 6 57 57 NUM flr-503 384 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 384 8 87 87 NUM flr-503 384 9 - - SYM flr-503 384 10 97 97 NUM flr-503 384 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 385 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 385 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 385 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM flr-503 385 4 / / SYM flr-503 385 5 j.stueduc.2017.04.003 j.stueduc.2017.04.003 PROPN flr-503 385 6 pajares pajare NOUN flr-503 385 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 385 8 f. f. PROPN flr-503 385 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 385 10 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 385 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 385 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 386 1 current current ADJ flr-503 386 2 directions direction NOUN flr-503 386 3 in in ADP flr-503 386 4 self self NOUN flr-503 386 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 386 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 386 7 research research NOUN flr-503 386 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 387 1 in in ADP flr-503 387 2 m. m. PROPN flr-503 387 3 maehr maehr PROPN flr-503 387 4 & & CCONJ flr-503 387 5 p. p. PROPN flr-503 387 6 r. r. PROPN flr-503 387 7 pintrich pintrich PROPN flr-503 387 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 387 9 eds eds PROPN flr-503 387 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 387 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 387 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 387 13 advances advance VERB flr-503 387 14 in in ADP flr-503 387 15 motivation motivation NOUN flr-503 387 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 387 17 achievement achievement NOUN flr-503 387 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 387 19 vol vol NOUN flr-503 387 20 . . PROPN flr-503 387 21 10 10 NUM flr-503 387 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 387 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 388 1 greenwich greenwich PROPN flr-503 388 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 388 3 ct ct PROPN flr-503 388 4 : : PUNCT flr-503 388 5 jai jai PROPN flr-503 388 6 press press PROPN flr-503 388 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 388 8 pp pp PROPN flr-503 388 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 389 1 1–49 1–49 PROPN flr-503 389 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 390 1 pintrich pintrich PROPN flr-503 390 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 390 3 p.r p.r PROPN flr-503 390 4 . . PROPN flr-503 390 5 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 390 6 smith smith PROPN flr-503 390 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 390 8 d.a.f d.a.f NOUN flr-503 390 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 390 10 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 390 11 garcia garcia PROPN flr-503 390 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 390 13 t. t. PROPN flr-503 390 14 & & CCONJ flr-503 390 15 mckeachie mckeachie PROPN flr-503 390 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 390 17 w. w. PROPN flr-503 390 18 j. j. PROPN flr-503 390 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 390 20 1991 1991 NUM flr-503 390 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 390 22 . . PUNCT flr-503 391 1 a a DET flr-503 391 2 manual manual NOUN flr-503 391 3 for for ADP flr-503 391 4 the the DET flr-503 391 5 use use NOUN flr-503 391 6 of of ADP flr-503 391 7 the the DET flr-503 391 8 motivated motivated ADJ flr-503 391 9 strategies strategy NOUN flr-503 391 10 for for ADP flr-503 391 11 learning learn VERB flr-503 391 12 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN flr-503 391 13 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 391 14 mslq mslq NOUN flr-503 391 15 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 391 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 392 1 technical technical ADJ flr-503 392 2 report report PROPN flr-503 392 3 no no INTJ flr-503 392 4 . . NOUN flr-503 393 1 91 91 NUM flr-503 393 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 393 3 8 8 NUM flr-503 393 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 393 5 004 004 NOUN flr-503 393 6 . . PUNCT flr-503 394 1 the the DET flr-503 394 2 regents regent NOUN flr-503 394 3 of of ADP flr-503 394 4 the the DET flr-503 394 5 university university PROPN flr-503 394 6 of of ADP flr-503 394 7 michigan michigan PROPN flr-503 394 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 395 1 rasch rasch PROPN flr-503 395 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 395 3 g. g. PROPN flr-503 395 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 395 5 1960 1960 NUM flr-503 395 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 395 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 396 1 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ flr-503 396 2 models model NOUN flr-503 396 3 for for ADP flr-503 396 4 some some DET flr-503 396 5 intelligence intelligence NOUN flr-503 396 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 396 7 attainment attainment NOUN flr-503 396 8 tests test NOUN flr-503 396 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 397 1 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN flr-503 397 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 397 3 danish danish PROPN flr-503 397 4 institute institute PROPN flr-503 397 5 for for ADP flr-503 397 6 educational educational ADJ flr-503 397 7 research research NOUN flr-503 397 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 398 1 richardson richardson PROPN flr-503 398 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 398 3 m. m. NOUN flr-503 398 4 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 398 5 abraham abraham PROPN flr-503 398 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 398 7 c. c. PROPN flr-503 398 8 & & CCONJ flr-503 398 9 bond bond PROPN flr-503 398 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 398 11 r. r. PROPN flr-503 398 12 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 398 13 2012 2012 NUM flr-503 398 14 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 398 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 399 1 psychological psychological ADJ flr-503 399 2 correlates correlate NOUN flr-503 399 3 of of ADP flr-503 399 4 university university NOUN flr-503 399 5 students student NOUN flr-503 399 6 ' ' PART flr-503 399 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 399 8 performance performance NOUN flr-503 399 9 : : PUNCT flr-503 399 10 a a DET flr-503 399 11 systematic systematic ADJ flr-503 399 12 review review NOUN flr-503 399 13 and and CCONJ flr-503 399 14 meta meta ADJ flr-503 399 15 - - PUNCT flr-503 399 16 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 399 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 400 1 psychological psychological ADJ flr-503 400 2 bulletin bulletin NOUN flr-503 400 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 400 4 138(2 138(2 NUM flr-503 400 5 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 400 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 400 7 353 353 NUM flr-503 400 8 - - SYM flr-503 400 9 387 387 NUM flr-503 400 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 400 11 doi doi NOUN flr-503 400 12 : : PUNCT flr-503 400 13 10.1037 10.1037 NUM flr-503 400 14 / / SYM flr-503 400 15 a0026838 a0026838 NOUN flr-503 400 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 401 1 saleh saleh PROPN flr-503 401 2 d. d. PROPN flr-503 401 3 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 401 4 camart camart PROPN flr-503 401 5 n. n. PROPN flr-503 401 6 & & CCONJ flr-503 401 7 romo romo PROPN flr-503 401 8 l. l. PROPN flr-503 401 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 401 10 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 401 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 401 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 402 1 predictors predictor NOUN flr-503 402 2 of of ADP flr-503 402 3 stress stress NOUN flr-503 402 4 in in ADP flr-503 402 5 college college NOUN flr-503 402 6 students student NOUN flr-503 402 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 403 1 frontiers frontier NOUN flr-503 403 2 in in ADP flr-503 403 3 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 403 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 403 5 8(19 8(19 NUM flr-503 403 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 403 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 404 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 404 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 404 3 10.3389 10.3389 NUM flr-503 404 4 / / SYM flr-503 404 5 fpsyg.2017.00019 fpsyg.2017.00019 NUM flr-503 404 6 scherbaum scherbaum NOUN flr-503 404 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 404 8 c. c. PROPN flr-503 404 9 a. a. PROPN flr-503 404 10 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 404 11 cohen cohen NOUN flr-503 404 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 404 13 charash charash NOUN flr-503 404 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 404 15 y. y. PROPN flr-503 404 16 & & CCONJ flr-503 404 17 kern kern PROPN flr-503 404 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 404 19 m. m. NOUN flr-503 404 20 j. j. PROPN flr-503 404 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 404 22 2006 2006 NUM flr-503 404 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 404 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 405 1 measuring measure VERB flr-503 405 2 general general ADJ flr-503 405 3 self self NOUN flr-503 405 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 405 5 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 405 6 : : PUNCT flr-503 405 7 a a DET flr-503 405 8 comparison comparison NOUN flr-503 405 9 of of ADP flr-503 405 10 three three NUM flr-503 405 11 measures measure NOUN flr-503 405 12 using use VERB flr-503 405 13 item item NOUN flr-503 405 14 response response NOUN flr-503 405 15 theory theory NOUN flr-503 405 16 . . PUNCT flr-503 406 1 educational educational ADJ flr-503 406 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 406 3 psychological psychological ADJ flr-503 406 4 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 406 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 406 6 66(6 66(6 NUM flr-503 406 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 406 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 406 9 1047–1063 1047–1063 NUM flr-503 406 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 407 1 doi:10 doi:10 PROPN flr-503 407 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 408 1 1177/0013164406288171 1177/0013164406288171 NUM flr-503 408 2 scherer scherer PROPN flr-503 408 3 , , PUNCT flr-503 408 4 r. r. PROPN flr-503 408 5 & & CCONJ flr-503 408 6 siddiq siddiq PROPN flr-503 408 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 408 8 f. f. PROPN flr-503 408 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 408 10 2015 2015 NUM flr-503 408 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 408 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 409 1 revisiting revisit VERB flr-503 409 2 teachers†teachers†ADP flr-503 409 3 ™ ™ ADJ flr-503 409 4 computer computer NOUN flr-503 409 5 self self NOUN flr-503 409 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 409 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 409 8 : : PUNCT flr-503 409 9 a a DET flr-503 409 10 differentiated differentiated ADJ flr-503 409 11 view view NOUN flr-503 409 12 on on ADP flr-503 409 13 gender gender NOUN flr-503 409 14 differences difference NOUN flr-503 409 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 410 1 computers computer NOUN flr-503 410 2 in in ADP flr-503 410 3 human human ADJ flr-503 410 4 behavior behavior NOUN flr-503 410 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 410 6 53 53 NUM flr-503 410 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 410 8 48–57 48–57 NUM flr-503 410 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 410 10 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 PROPN flr-503 410 11 / / SYM flr-503 410 12 j.chb.2015.06.038 j.chb.2015.06.038 PROPN flr-503 410 13 schunk schunk PROPN flr-503 410 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 410 15 d. d. PROPN flr-503 410 16 & & CCONJ flr-503 410 17 pajares pajares PROPN flr-503 410 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 410 19 f. f. PROPN flr-503 410 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 410 21 2002 2002 NUM flr-503 410 22 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 410 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 411 1 the the DET flr-503 411 2 development development NOUN flr-503 411 3 of of ADP flr-503 411 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 411 5 self self NOUN flr-503 411 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 411 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 411 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 412 1 in in ADP flr-503 412 2 a. a. PROPN flr-503 412 3 wigfield wigfield PROPN flr-503 412 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 412 5 & & CCONJ flr-503 412 6 j. j. PROPN flr-503 412 7 eccles eccles PROPN flr-503 412 8 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 412 9 eds eds PROPN flr-503 412 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 412 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 412 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 412 13 development development NOUN flr-503 412 14 of of ADP flr-503 412 15 achievement achievement NOUN flr-503 412 16 motivation motivation NOUN flr-503 412 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 413 1 san san PROPN flr-503 413 2 diego diego PROPN flr-503 413 3 : : PUNCT flr-503 413 4 academic academic ADJ flr-503 413 5 press press NOUN flr-503 413 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 413 7 pp pp ADJ flr-503 413 8 . . PUNCT flr-503 414 1 15 15 NUM flr-503 414 2 - - SYM flr-503 414 3 31 31 NUM flr-503 414 4 . . PUNCT flr-503 415 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 415 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 415 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM flr-503 415 4 / / SYM flr-503 415 5 b978 b978 PROPN flr-503 415 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 415 7 012750053 012750053 NUM flr-503 415 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 415 9 9/50003 9/50003 NUM flr-503 415 10 - - SYM flr-503 415 11 6 6 NUM flr-503 415 12 schwarzer schwarzer NOUN flr-503 415 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 415 14 r. r. PROPN flr-503 415 15 & & CCONJ flr-503 415 16 jerusalem jerusalem PROPN flr-503 415 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 415 18 m. m. NOUN flr-503 415 19 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 415 20 1995 1995 NUM flr-503 415 21 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 415 22 . . PUNCT flr-503 416 1 generalized generalize VERB flr-503 416 2 self self NOUN flr-503 416 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 416 4 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 416 5 scale scale NOUN flr-503 416 6 . . PUNCT flr-503 417 1 measures measure NOUN flr-503 417 2 in in ADP flr-503 417 3 health health NOUN flr-503 417 4 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 417 5 : : PUNCT flr-503 417 6 a a DET flr-503 417 7 user†user†PROPN flr-503 417 8 ™ ™ NOUN flr-503 417 9 s s PART flr-503 417 10 portfolio portfolio NOUN flr-503 417 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 418 1 causal causal PROPN flr-503 418 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 418 3 control control PROPN flr-503 418 4 beliefs belief NOUN flr-503 418 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 418 6 1 1 NUM flr-503 418 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 418 8 35–37 35–37 NUM flr-503 418 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 419 1 tahmassian tahmassian PROPN flr-503 419 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 419 3 k. k. PROPN flr-503 419 4 & & CCONJ flr-503 419 5 jalali jalali PROPN flr-503 419 6 moghadam moghadam PROPN flr-503 419 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 419 8 n. n. PROPN flr-503 419 9 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 419 10 2011 2011 NUM flr-503 419 11 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 419 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 420 1 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 420 2 between between ADP flr-503 420 3 self self NOUN flr-503 420 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 420 5 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 420 6 and and CCONJ flr-503 420 7 symptoms symptom NOUN flr-503 420 8 of of ADP flr-503 420 9 anxiety anxiety NOUN flr-503 420 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 420 11 depression depression NOUN flr-503 420 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 420 13 worry worry NOUN flr-503 420 14 and and CCONJ flr-503 420 15 social social ADJ flr-503 420 16 avoidance avoidance NOUN flr-503 420 17 in in ADP flr-503 420 18 a a DET flr-503 420 19 normal normal ADJ flr-503 420 20 sample sample NOUN flr-503 420 21 of of ADP flr-503 420 22 students student NOUN flr-503 420 23 . . PUNCT flr-503 421 1 iranian iranian ADJ flr-503 421 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 421 3 of of ADP flr-503 421 4 psychiatry psychiatry NOUN flr-503 421 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 421 6 behavioral behavioral ADJ flr-503 421 7 sciences science NOUN flr-503 421 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 421 9 5(2 5(2 NUM flr-503 421 10 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 421 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 421 12 91–98 91–98 NUM flr-503 421 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 422 1 thomas thomas PROPN flr-503 422 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 422 3 d. d. PROPN flr-503 422 4 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 422 5 2014 2014 NUM flr-503 422 6 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 422 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 423 1 factors factor NOUN flr-503 423 2 that that PRON flr-503 423 3 influence influence VERB flr-503 423 4 college college NOUN flr-503 423 5 completion completion NOUN flr-503 423 6 intention intention NOUN flr-503 423 7 of of ADP flr-503 423 8 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ flr-503 423 9 students student NOUN flr-503 423 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 424 1 the the DET flr-503 424 2 asia asia PROPN flr-503 424 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 424 4 pacific pacific PROPN flr-503 424 5 education education PROPN flr-503 424 6 researcher researcher NOUN flr-503 424 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 424 8 23(2 23(2 NUM flr-503 424 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 424 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 424 11 225 225 NUM flr-503 424 12 - - SYM flr-503 424 13 235 235 NUM flr-503 424 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 424 15 doi doi NOUN flr-503 424 16 : : PUNCT flr-503 424 17 10.1007 10.1007 NUM flr-503 424 18 / / SYM flr-503 424 19 s40299 s40299 NOUN flr-503 424 20 - - PUNCT flr-503 424 21 013 013 NUM flr-503 424 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 424 23 0099 0099 NUM flr-503 424 24 - - SYM flr-503 424 25 4 4 NUM flr-503 424 26 van van PROPN flr-503 424 27 der der NOUN flr-503 424 28 linden linden PROPN flr-503 424 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 424 30 w. w. PROPN flr-503 424 31 j. j. PROPN flr-503 424 32 & & CCONJ flr-503 424 33 hambleton hambleton PROPN flr-503 424 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 424 35 r. r. PROPN flr-503 424 36 k. k. PROPN flr-503 424 37 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 424 38 1997 1997 NUM flr-503 424 39 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 424 40 . . PUNCT flr-503 425 1 handbook handbook NOUN flr-503 425 2 of of ADP flr-503 425 3 modern modern ADJ flr-503 425 4 item item NOUN flr-503 425 5 response response NOUN flr-503 425 6 theory theory NOUN flr-503 425 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 426 1 springer springer NOUN flr-503 426 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 426 3 verlag verlag PROPN flr-503 426 4 , , PUNCT flr-503 426 5 new new PROPN flr-503 426 6 york york PROPN flr-503 426 7 . . PUNCT flr-503 427 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 427 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 427 3 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 NUM flr-503 427 4 - - SYM flr-503 427 5 1 1 NUM flr-503 427 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 427 7 4757 4757 NUM flr-503 427 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 427 9 2691 2691 NUM flr-503 427 10 - - SYM flr-503 427 11 6 6 NUM flr-503 427 12 van van PROPN flr-503 427 13 herpen herpen NOUN flr-503 427 14 , , PUNCT flr-503 427 15 s. s. PROPN flr-503 427 16 g. g. PROPN flr-503 427 17 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 427 18 meeuwisse meeuwisse PROPN flr-503 427 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 427 20 m. m. NOUN flr-503 427 21 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 427 22 hofman hofman PROPN flr-503 427 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 427 24 w. w. PROPN flr-503 427 25 a. a. PROPN flr-503 427 26 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 427 27 severiens severien NOUN flr-503 427 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 427 29 s. s. PROPN flr-503 427 30 e. e. PROPN flr-503 427 31 & & CCONJ flr-503 427 32 arends arends PROPN flr-503 427 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 427 34 l. l. PROPN flr-503 427 35 r. r. PROPN flr-503 427 36 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 427 37 2017 2017 NUM flr-503 427 38 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 427 39 . . PUNCT flr-503 428 1 early early ADJ flr-503 428 2 predictors predictor NOUN flr-503 428 3 of of ADP flr-503 428 4 first first ADJ flr-503 428 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 428 6 year year NOUN flr-503 428 7 academic academic ADJ flr-503 428 8 success success NOUN flr-503 428 9 at at ADP flr-503 428 10 university university NOUN flr-503 428 11 : : PUNCT flr-503 428 12 pre pre ADJ flr-503 428 13 - - ADJ flr-503 428 14 university university NOUN flr-503 428 15 effort effort NOUN flr-503 428 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 428 17 pre pre ADJ flr-503 428 18 - - ADJ flr-503 428 19 university university NOUN flr-503 428 20 self self NOUN flr-503 428 21 - - PUNCT flr-503 428 22 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 428 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 428 24 and and CCONJ flr-503 428 25 pre pre ADJ flr-503 428 26 - - ADJ flr-503 428 27 university university NOUN flr-503 428 28 reasons reason NOUN flr-503 428 29 for for ADP flr-503 428 30 attending attend VERB flr-503 428 31 university university NOUN flr-503 428 32 . . PUNCT flr-503 429 1 educational educational ADJ flr-503 429 2 research research NOUN flr-503 429 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 429 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN flr-503 429 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 429 6 23(1 23(1 ADV flr-503 429 7 - - SYM flr-503 429 8 2 2 NUM flr-503 429 9 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 429 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 429 11 52 52 NUM flr-503 429 12 - - SYM flr-503 429 13 72 72 NUM flr-503 429 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 430 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 430 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 430 3 10.1080/13803611.2017.1301261 10.1080/13803611.2017.1301261 NUM flr-503 430 4 vuong vuong PROPN flr-503 430 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 430 6 m. m. NOUN flr-503 430 7 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 430 8 brown brown ADJ flr-503 430 9 - - PUNCT flr-503 430 10 welty welty PROPN flr-503 430 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 430 12 s. s. PROPN flr-503 430 13 & & CCONJ flr-503 430 14 tracz tracz PROPN flr-503 430 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 430 16 s. s. PROPN flr-503 430 17 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 430 18 2010 2010 NUM flr-503 430 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 430 20 . . PUNCT flr-503 431 1 the the DET flr-503 431 2 effects effect NOUN flr-503 431 3 of of ADP flr-503 431 4 self self NOUN flr-503 431 5 - - PUNCT flr-503 431 6 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 431 7 on on ADP flr-503 431 8 academic academic ADJ flr-503 431 9 success success NOUN flr-503 431 10 of of ADP flr-503 431 11 first first ADJ flr-503 431 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 431 13 generation generation NOUN flr-503 431 14 college college NOUN flr-503 431 15 sophomore sophomore NOUN flr-503 431 16 students student NOUN flr-503 431 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 432 1 journal journal PROPN flr-503 432 2 of of ADP flr-503 432 3 college college NOUN flr-503 432 4 student student NOUN flr-503 432 5 development development NOUN flr-503 432 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 432 7 51(1 51(1 NUM flr-503 432 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 432 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 432 10 50 50 NUM flr-503 432 11 - - SYM flr-503 432 12 64 64 NUM flr-503 432 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 433 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 433 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 433 3 10.1353 10.1353 NUM flr-503 433 4 / / SYM flr-503 433 5 csd.0.0109 csd.0.0109 PROPN flr-503 433 6 watt watt NOUN flr-503 433 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 8 h. h. PROPN flr-503 433 9 m. m. PROPN flr-503 433 10 g. g. PROPN flr-503 433 11 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 433 12 ehrich ehrich PROPN flr-503 433 13 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 14 j. j. PROPN flr-503 433 15 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 433 16 stewart stewart PROPN flr-503 433 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 18 s.e s.e PROPN flr-503 433 19 . . PROPN flr-503 433 20 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 433 21 snell snell PROPN flr-503 433 22 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 23 t. t. PROPN flr-503 433 24 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 433 25 bucich bucich NOUN flr-503 433 26 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 27 m. m. NOUN flr-503 433 28 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 433 29 jacobs jacobs PROPN flr-503 433 30 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 31 n. n. PROPN flr-503 433 32 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 433 33 furlonger furlonger PROPN flr-503 433 34 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 35 b. b. PROPN flr-503 433 36 & & CCONJ flr-503 433 37 english english PROPN flr-503 433 38 , , PUNCT flr-503 433 39 d. d. PROPN flr-503 433 40 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 433 41 2019 2019 NUM flr-503 433 42 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 433 43 . . PUNCT flr-503 434 1 development development NOUN flr-503 434 2 of of ADP flr-503 434 3 the the DET flr-503 434 4 psychologist psychologist NOUN flr-503 434 5 and and CCONJ flr-503 434 6 counsellor counsellor NOUN flr-503 434 7 self self NOUN flr-503 434 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 434 9 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 434 10 scale.higher scale.higher CCONJ flr-503 434 11 education education NOUN flr-503 434 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 434 13 skills skill NOUN flr-503 434 14 and and CCONJ flr-503 434 15 work work NOUN flr-503 434 16 - - PUNCT flr-503 434 17 based base VERB flr-503 434 18 learning learning NOUN flr-503 434 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 434 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 434 21 early early ADV flr-503 434 22 cite cite ADJ flr-503 434 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 434 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 435 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 435 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 435 3 10.1108 10.1108 NUM flr-503 435 4 / / SYM flr-503 435 5 heswbl-07 heswbl-07 NOUN flr-503 435 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 435 7 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 435 8 - - PUNCT flr-503 435 9 0069 0069 NUM flr-503 435 10 williams william NOUN flr-503 435 11 , , PUNCT flr-503 435 12 b. b. PROPN flr-503 435 13 w. w. PROPN flr-503 435 14 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 435 15 kessler kessler PROPN flr-503 435 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 435 17 h. h. PROPN flr-503 435 18 a. a. PROPN flr-503 435 19 & & CCONJ flr-503 435 20 williams williams PROPN flr-503 435 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 435 22 m. m. PROPN flr-503 435 23 v. v. PROPN flr-503 435 24 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 435 25 2014 2014 NUM flr-503 435 26 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 435 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 436 1 relationship relationship NOUN flr-503 436 2 among among ADP flr-503 436 3 practice practice NOUN flr-503 436 4 change change NOUN flr-503 436 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 436 6 motivation motivation NOUN flr-503 436 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 436 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 436 9 selfâ€�efficacy.journal selfâ€�efficacy.journal NOUN flr-503 436 10 of of ADP flr-503 436 11 continuing continue VERB flr-503 436 12 education education NOUN flr-503 436 13 in in ADP flr-503 436 14 the the DET flr-503 436 15 health health NOUN flr-503 436 16 professions profession NOUN flr-503 436 17 , , PUNCT flr-503 436 18 34(s1 34(s1 NUM flr-503 436 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 436 20 , , PUNCT flr-503 436 21 5 5 NUM flr-503 436 22 - - SYM flr-503 436 23 10 10 NUM flr-503 436 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 437 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 437 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 437 3 10.1002 10.1002 NUM flr-503 437 4 / / SYM flr-503 437 5 chp.21235 chp.21235 PROPN flr-503 437 6 . . PROPN flr-503 437 7 yong yong PROPN flr-503 437 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 437 9 f. f. PROPN flr-503 437 10 l. l. PROPN flr-503 437 11 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 437 12 2010 2010 NUM flr-503 437 13 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 437 14 . . PUNCT flr-503 438 1 a a DET flr-503 438 2 study study NOUN flr-503 438 3 on on ADP flr-503 438 4 the the DET flr-503 438 5 self self NOUN flr-503 438 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 438 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 438 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 438 9 expectancy expectancy NOUN flr-503 438 10 for for ADP flr-503 438 11 success success NOUN flr-503 438 12 of of ADP flr-503 438 13 pre pre ADJ flr-503 438 14 - - ADJ flr-503 438 15 university university ADJ flr-503 438 16 students student NOUN flr-503 438 17 . . PUNCT flr-503 439 1 european european ADJ flr-503 439 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 439 3 of of ADP flr-503 439 4 social social ADJ flr-503 439 5 sciences science NOUN flr-503 439 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 439 7 13(4 13(4 NUM flr-503 439 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 439 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 439 10 514 514 NUM flr-503 439 11 - - SYM flr-503 439 12 524 524 NUM flr-503 439 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 440 1 young young ADJ flr-503 440 2 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 3 a. a. NOUN flr-503 440 4 m. m. NOUN flr-503 440 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 6 wendel wendel PROPN flr-503 440 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 8 p. p. PROPN flr-503 440 9 j. j. PROPN flr-503 440 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 11 esson esson PROPN flr-503 440 12 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 13 j. j. PROPN flr-503 440 14 m. m. PROPN flr-503 440 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 16 & & CCONJ flr-503 440 17 plank plank PROPN flr-503 440 18 , , PUNCT flr-503 440 19 k. k. PROPN flr-503 440 20 m. m. PROPN flr-503 440 21 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 440 22 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 440 23 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 440 24 . . PUNCT flr-503 441 1 motivational motivational ADJ flr-503 441 2 decline decline NOUN flr-503 441 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 441 4 recovery recovery NOUN flr-503 441 5 in in ADP flr-503 441 6 higher high ADJ flr-503 441 7 education education NOUN flr-503 441 8 stem stem NOUN flr-503 441 9 courses course NOUN flr-503 441 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 442 1 international international ADJ flr-503 442 2 journal journal PROPN flr-503 442 3 of of ADP flr-503 442 4 science science PROPN flr-503 442 5 education education NOUN flr-503 442 6 , , PUNCT flr-503 442 7 40(9 40(9 NUM flr-503 442 8 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 442 9 , , PUNCT flr-503 442 10 1016 1016 NUM flr-503 442 11 - - SYM flr-503 442 12 1033 1033 NUM flr-503 442 13 . . PUNCT flr-503 443 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 443 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 443 3 10.1080/09500693.2018.1460773 10.1080/09500693.2018.1460773 NUM flr-503 443 4 zimmerman zimmerman PROPN flr-503 443 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 443 6 b. b. PROPN flr-503 443 7 j. j. PROPN flr-503 443 8 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 443 9 bandura bandura PROPN flr-503 443 10 , , PUNCT flr-503 443 11 a. a. PROPN flr-503 443 12 & & CCONJ flr-503 443 13 martinez martinez PROPN flr-503 443 14 - - PUNCT flr-503 443 15 pons pon NOUN flr-503 443 16 , , PUNCT flr-503 443 17 m. m. NOUN flr-503 443 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 443 19 1992 1992 NUM flr-503 443 20 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 443 21 . . PUNCT flr-503 444 1 self self NOUN flr-503 444 2 - - PUNCT flr-503 444 3 motivation motivation NOUN flr-503 444 4 for for ADP flr-503 444 5 academic academic ADJ flr-503 444 6 attainment attainment NOUN flr-503 444 7 : : PUNCT flr-503 444 8 the the DET flr-503 444 9 role role NOUN flr-503 444 10 of of ADP flr-503 444 11 self self NOUN flr-503 444 12 - - PUNCT flr-503 444 13 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 444 14 beliefs belief NOUN flr-503 444 15 and and CCONJ flr-503 444 16 personal personal ADJ flr-503 444 17 goal goal NOUN flr-503 444 18 setting set VERB flr-503 444 19 . . PUNCT flr-503 445 1 american american ADJ flr-503 445 2 educational educational ADJ flr-503 445 3 research research PROPN flr-503 445 4 journal journal PROPN flr-503 445 5 , , PUNCT flr-503 445 6 29(3 29(3 NUM flr-503 445 7 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 445 8 , , PUNCT flr-503 445 9 663 663 NUM flr-503 445 10 - - SYM flr-503 445 11 676 676 NUM flr-503 445 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 446 1 doi doi NOUN flr-503 446 2 : : PUNCT flr-503 446 3 10.2307/1163261 10.2307/1163261 NUM flr-503 446 4 appendix appendix NOUN flr-503 446 5 the the DET flr-503 446 6 self self NOUN flr-503 446 7 - - PUNCT flr-503 446 8 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 446 9 scales scale NOUN flr-503 446 10 table table NOUN flr-503 446 11 a1 a1 NOUN flr-503 446 12 . . PUNCT flr-503 447 1 items item NOUN flr-503 447 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 447 3 response response NOUN flr-503 447 4 scales scale NOUN flr-503 447 5 of of ADP flr-503 447 6 the the DET flr-503 447 7 danish danish ADJ flr-503 447 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 447 9 english english ADJ flr-503 447 10 versions version NOUN flr-503 447 11 of of ADP flr-503 447 12 the the DET flr-503 447 13 pre pre ADJ flr-503 447 14 - - ADJ flr-503 447 15 academic academic ADJ flr-503 447 16 learning learning NOUN flr-503 447 17 self self NOUN flr-503 447 18 - - PUNCT flr-503 447 19 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 447 20 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 447 21 pal pal NOUN flr-503 447 22 - - PUNCT flr-503 447 23 se se NOUN flr-503 447 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 447 25 and and CCONJ flr-503 447 26 pre pre ADJ flr-503 447 27 - - ADJ flr-503 447 28 academic academic ADJ flr-503 447 29 exam exam NOUN flr-503 447 30 self self NOUN flr-503 447 31 - - PUNCT flr-503 447 32 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 447 33 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 447 34 pae pae NOUN flr-503 447 35 - - PUNCT flr-503 447 36 se se X flr-503 447 37 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 447 38 scales scale NOUN flr-503 447 39 adapted adapt VERB flr-503 447 40 from from ADP flr-503 447 41 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 447 42 et et PROPN flr-503 447 43 al al PROPN flr-503 447 44 . . PROPN flr-503 448 1 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 448 2 2018 2018 NUM flr-503 448 3 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 448 4 notes note NOUN flr-503 448 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 449 1 question question NOUN flr-503 449 2 prompt prompt NOUN flr-503 449 3 for for ADP flr-503 449 4 the the DET flr-503 449 5 items item NOUN flr-503 449 6 was be AUX flr-503 449 7 : : PUNCT flr-503 449 8 how how SCONJ flr-503 449 9 well well ADV flr-503 449 10 do do AUX flr-503 449 11 the the DET flr-503 449 12 following follow VERB flr-503 449 13 statements statement NOUN flr-503 449 14 describe describe VERB flr-503 449 15 you you PRON flr-503 449 16 as as ADP flr-503 449 17 a a DET flr-503 449 18 future future ADJ flr-503 449 19 student student NOUN flr-503 449 20 ? ? PUNCT flr-503 450 1 items item NOUN flr-503 450 2 were be AUX flr-503 450 3 administered administer VERB flr-503 450 4 mixed mix VERB flr-503 450 5 with with ADP flr-503 450 6 items item NOUN flr-503 450 7 from from ADP flr-503 450 8 other other ADJ flr-503 450 9 scales scale NOUN flr-503 450 10 . . PUNCT flr-503 451 1 here here ADV flr-503 451 2 they they PRON flr-503 451 3 are be AUX flr-503 451 4 shown show VERB flr-503 451 5 by by ADP flr-503 451 6 subscale subscale NOUN flr-503 451 7 , , PUNCT flr-503 451 8 not not PART flr-503 451 9 the the DET flr-503 451 10 order order NOUN flr-503 451 11 they they PRON flr-503 451 12 were be AUX flr-503 451 13 administered administer VERB flr-503 451 14 in in ADP flr-503 451 15 . . PUNCT flr-503 452 1     NUM flr-503 452 2 post post ADJ flr-503 452 3 - - ADJ flr-503 452 4 hoc hoc ADJ flr-503 452 5 step step NOUN flr-503 452 6 - - PUNCT flr-503 452 7 wise wise ADJ flr-503 452 8 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 452 9 of of ADP flr-503 452 10 pairwise pairwise NOUN flr-503 452 11 collapsibility collapsibility NOUN flr-503 452 12 of of ADP flr-503 452 13 the the DET flr-503 452 14 nine nine NUM flr-503 452 15 nominal nominal ADJ flr-503 452 16 degree degree NOUN flr-503 452 17 program program NOUN flr-503 452 18 categories category NOUN flr-503 452 19 in in ADP flr-503 452 20 the the DET flr-503 452 21 stepwise stepwise NOUN flr-503 452 22 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 452 23 , , PUNCT flr-503 452 24 the the DET flr-503 452 25 two two NUM flr-503 452 26 categories category NOUN flr-503 452 27 with with ADP flr-503 452 28 the the DET flr-503 452 29 largest large ADJ flr-503 452 30 categories category NOUN flr-503 452 31 were be AUX flr-503 452 32 collapsed collapse VERB flr-503 452 33 if if SCONJ flr-503 452 34 the the DET flr-503 452 35 p p NOUN flr-503 452 36 - - PUNCT flr-503 452 37 value value NOUN flr-503 452 38 was be AUX flr-503 452 39 larger large ADJ flr-503 452 40 than than ADP flr-503 452 41 the the DET flr-503 452 42 critical critical ADJ flr-503 452 43 p p NOUN flr-503 452 44 - - PUNCT flr-503 452 45 value value NOUN flr-503 452 46 . . PUNCT flr-503 453 1 critical critical ADJ flr-503 453 2 p p NOUN flr-503 453 3 - - PUNCT flr-503 453 4 values value NOUN flr-503 453 5 were be AUX flr-503 453 6 determined determine VERB flr-503 453 7 while while SCONJ flr-503 453 8 controlling control VERB flr-503 453 9 the the DET flr-503 453 10 false false ADJ flr-503 453 11 discovery discovery NOUN flr-503 453 12 rate rate NOUN flr-503 453 13 at at ADP flr-503 453 14 0.05 0.05 NUM flr-503 453 15 relative relative ADJ flr-503 453 16 to to ADP flr-503 453 17 the the DET flr-503 453 18 total total ADJ flr-503 453 19 number number NOUN flr-503 453 20 of of ADP flr-503 453 21 tests test NOUN flr-503 453 22 performed perform VERB flr-503 453 23 at at ADP flr-503 453 24 the the DET flr-503 453 25 end end NOUN flr-503 453 26 of of ADP flr-503 453 27 each each DET flr-503 453 28 step step NOUN flr-503 453 29 , , PUNCT flr-503 453 30 using use VERB flr-503 453 31 the the DET flr-503 453 32 benjamini benjamini ADJ flr-503 453 33 - - PUNCT flr-503 453 34 hochberg hochberg NOUN flr-503 453 35 procedure procedure NOUN flr-503 453 36 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 453 37 benjamini benjamini PROPN flr-503 453 38 & & CCONJ flr-503 453 39 hochberg hochberg PROPN flr-503 453 40 , , PUNCT flr-503 453 41 1995 1995 NUM flr-503 453 42 ; ; PUNCT flr-503 453 43 kreiner kreiner PROPN flr-503 453 44 & & CCONJ flr-503 453 45 nielsen nielsen PROPN flr-503 453 46 , , PUNCT flr-503 453 47 2013 2013 NUM flr-503 453 48 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 453 49 . . PUNCT flr-503 454 1 the the DET flr-503 454 2 steps step NOUN flr-503 454 3 and and CCONJ flr-503 454 4 decisions decision NOUN flr-503 454 5 in in ADP flr-503 454 6 the the DET flr-503 454 7 analysis analysis NOUN flr-503 454 8 of of ADP flr-503 454 9 the the DET flr-503 454 10 observed observe VERB flr-503 454 11 mean mean NOUN flr-503 454 12 pal pal NOUN flr-503 454 13 - - PUNCT flr-503 454 14 se se NOUN flr-503 454 15 scores score NOUN flr-503 454 16 and and CCONJ flr-503 454 17 the the DET flr-503 454 18 dif dif ADV flr-503 454 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 454 20 adjusted adjust VERB flr-503 454 21 mean mean ADJ flr-503 454 22 pal pal NOUN flr-503 454 23 - - PUNCT flr-503 454 24 se se PROPN flr-503 454 25 scores score NOUN flr-503 454 26 are be AUX flr-503 454 27 shown show VERB flr-503 454 28 in in ADP flr-503 454 29 table table NOUN flr-503 454 30 s s NOUN flr-503 454 31 - - NOUN flr-503 454 32 ㆠㆠADJ flr-503 454 33 , , PUNCT flr-503 454 34 while while SCONJ flr-503 454 35 the the DET flr-503 454 36 collapsed collapse VERB flr-503 454 37 groups group NOUN flr-503 454 38 of of ADP flr-503 454 39 non non ADJ flr-503 454 40 - - ADJ flr-503 454 41 different different ADJ flr-503 454 42 degree degree NOUN flr-503 454 43 programs program NOUN flr-503 454 44 are be AUX flr-503 454 45 provided provide VERB flr-503 454 46 in in ADP flr-503 454 47 the the DET flr-503 454 48 results result NOUN flr-503 454 49 section section NOUN flr-503 454 50 . . PUNCT flr-503 455 1 table table NOUN flr-503 455 2 a2 a2 PROPN flr-503 455 3 . . PUNCT flr-503 456 1 steps step NOUN flr-503 456 2 and and CCONJ flr-503 456 3 decisions decision NOUN flr-503 456 4 in in ADP flr-503 456 5 the the DET flr-503 456 6 analyses analysis NOUN flr-503 456 7 of of ADP flr-503 456 8 pairwise pairwise NOUN flr-503 456 9 collapsibility collapsibility NOUN flr-503 456 10 notes note NOUN flr-503 456 11 : : PUNCT flr-503 456 12 1 1 NUM flr-503 456 13 = = SYM flr-503 456 14 medicine medicine NOUN flr-503 456 15 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 16 2 2 NUM flr-503 456 17 = = SYM flr-503 456 18 psychology psychology NOUN flr-503 456 19 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 20 3 3 NUM flr-503 456 21 = = ADJ flr-503 456 22 political political ADJ flr-503 456 23 science science NOUN flr-503 456 24 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 25 4 4 NUM flr-503 456 26 = = SYM flr-503 456 27 economy economy NOUN flr-503 456 28 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 29 5 5 NUM flr-503 456 30 = = NOUN flr-503 456 31 law law NOUN flr-503 456 32 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 33 6 6 NUM flr-503 456 34 = = SYM flr-503 456 35 biology biology NOUN flr-503 456 36 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 37 7 7 NUM flr-503 456 38 = = SYM flr-503 456 39 computer computer NOUN flr-503 456 40 science science NOUN flr-503 456 41 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 42 8 8 NUM flr-503 456 43 = = SYM flr-503 456 44 danish danish ADJ flr-503 456 45 language language NOUN flr-503 456 46 , , PUNCT flr-503 456 47 9 9 NUM flr-503 456 48 = = SYM flr-503 456 49 history history NOUN flr-503 456 50 . . PUNCT flr-503 457 1 conversion conversion NOUN flr-503 457 2 tables table NOUN flr-503 457 3 table table NOUN flr-503 457 4 a3 a3 NOUN flr-503 457 5 ††NUM flr-503 457 6 “ " PUNCT flr-503 457 7 part part NOUN flr-503 457 8 1 1 NUM flr-503 457 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 457 10 weighted weight VERB flr-503 457 11 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 457 12 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 457 13 estimates estimate NOUN flr-503 457 14 of of ADP flr-503 457 15 person person NOUN flr-503 457 16 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 457 17 and and CCONJ flr-503 457 18 dif dif ADV flr-503 457 19 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 20 equating equating NOUN flr-503 457 21 of of ADP flr-503 457 22 the the DET flr-503 457 23 sum sum NOUN flr-503 457 24 score score NOUN flr-503 457 25 for for ADP flr-503 457 26 the the DET flr-503 457 27 pre pre ADJ flr-503 457 28 - - ADJ flr-503 457 29 academic academic ADJ flr-503 457 30 learning learning NOUN flr-503 457 31 self self NOUN flr-503 457 32 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 33 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 457 34 scale scale NOUN flr-503 457 35 table table NOUN flr-503 457 36 a3 a3 NOUN flr-503 457 37 ††NUM flr-503 457 38 “ " PUNCT flr-503 457 39 part part NOUN flr-503 457 40 2 2 NUM flr-503 457 41 . . PUNCT flr-503 457 42 weighted weight VERB flr-503 457 43 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 457 44 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 457 45 estimates estimate NOUN flr-503 457 46 of of ADP flr-503 457 47 person person NOUN flr-503 457 48 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 457 49 and and CCONJ flr-503 457 50 dif dif ADV flr-503 457 51 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 52 equating equating NOUN flr-503 457 53 of of ADP flr-503 457 54 the the DET flr-503 457 55 sum sum NOUN flr-503 457 56 score score NOUN flr-503 457 57 for for ADP flr-503 457 58 the the DET flr-503 457 59 pre pre ADJ flr-503 457 60 - - ADJ flr-503 457 61 academic academic ADJ flr-503 457 62 learning learning NOUN flr-503 457 63 self self NOUN flr-503 457 64 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 65 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 457 66 scale scale NOUN flr-503 457 67 table table NOUN flr-503 457 68 a3 a3 NOUN flr-503 457 69 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 70 part part NOUN flr-503 457 71 3 3 NUM flr-503 457 72 . . PUNCT flr-503 457 73 weighted weight VERB flr-503 457 74 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 457 75 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 457 76 estimates estimate NOUN flr-503 457 77 of of ADP flr-503 457 78 person person NOUN flr-503 457 79 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 457 80 and and CCONJ flr-503 457 81 dif dif ADV flr-503 457 82 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 83 equating equating NOUN flr-503 457 84 of of ADP flr-503 457 85 the the DET flr-503 457 86 sum sum NOUN flr-503 457 87 score score NOUN flr-503 457 88 for for ADP flr-503 457 89 the the DET flr-503 457 90 pre pre ADJ flr-503 457 91 - - ADJ flr-503 457 92 academic academic ADJ flr-503 457 93 learning learning NOUN flr-503 457 94 self self NOUN flr-503 457 95 - - PUNCT flr-503 457 96 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 457 97 scale scale NOUN flr-503 457 98 notes note NOUN flr-503 457 99 . . PUNCT flr-503 458 1 p.param p.param NOUN flr-503 458 2 = = NOUN flr-503 458 3 person person NOUN flr-503 458 4 parameter parameter NOUN flr-503 458 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 459 1 sem sem NOUN flr-503 459 2 = = SYM flr-503 459 3 standard standard ADJ flr-503 459 4 error error NOUN flr-503 459 5 of of ADP flr-503 459 6 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 459 7 table table NOUN flr-503 459 8 a4 a4 PROPN flr-503 459 9 . . PUNCT flr-503 459 10 weighted weight VERB flr-503 459 11 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 459 12 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 459 13 estimates estimate NOUN flr-503 459 14 of of ADP flr-503 459 15 person person NOUN flr-503 459 16 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 459 17 for for ADP flr-503 459 18 the the DET flr-503 459 19 pre pre ADJ flr-503 459 20 - - ADJ flr-503 459 21 academic academic ADJ flr-503 459 22 exam exam NOUN flr-503 459 23 self self NOUN flr-503 459 24 - - PUNCT flr-503 459 25 efficacy efficacy NOUN flr-503 459 26 scale scale NOUN flr-503 459 27 notes note NOUN flr-503 459 28 . . PUNCT flr-503 460 1 p.param p.param NOUN flr-503 460 2 = = NOUN flr-503 460 3 person person NOUN flr-503 460 4 parameter parameter NOUN flr-503 460 5 . . PUNCT flr-503 461 1 sem sem NOUN flr-503 461 2 = = SYM flr-503 461 3 standard standard ADJ flr-503 461 4 error error NOUN flr-503 461 5 of of ADP flr-503 461 6 measurement measurement NOUN flr-503 461 7 item item NOUN flr-503 461 8 maps map NOUN flr-503 461 9 figure figure VERB flr-503 461 10 a1 a1 PROPN flr-503 461 11 . . PUNCT flr-503 461 12 item item NOUN flr-503 461 13 maps map NOUN flr-503 461 14 with with ADP flr-503 461 15 distributions distribution NOUN flr-503 461 16 of of ADP flr-503 461 17 person person NOUN flr-503 461 18 parameter parameter NOUN flr-503 461 19 locations location NOUN flr-503 461 20 and and CCONJ flr-503 461 21 information information NOUN flr-503 461 22 curve curve NOUN flr-503 461 23 above above ADP flr-503 461 24 item item NOUN flr-503 461 25 threshold threshold NOUN flr-503 461 26 locations location NOUN flr-503 461 27 . . PUNCT flr-503 462 1 notes note NOUN flr-503 462 2 . . PUNCT flr-503 463 1 person person NOUN flr-503 463 2 parameters parameter NOUN flr-503 463 3 are be AUX flr-503 463 4 weighted weight VERB flr-503 463 5 maximum maximum ADJ flr-503 463 6 likelihood likelihood NOUN flr-503 463 7 estimates estimate NOUN flr-503 463 8 and and CCONJ flr-503 463 9 illustrate illustrate VERB flr-503 463 10 the the DET flr-503 463 11 distribution distribution NOUN flr-503 463 12 of of ADP flr-503 463 13 these these PRON flr-503 463 14 for for ADP flr-503 463 15 the the DET flr-503 463 16 study study NOUN flr-503 463 17 sample sample NOUN flr-503 463 18 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 463 19 black black ADJ flr-503 463 20 bars bar NOUN flr-503 463 21 above above ADP flr-503 463 22 the the DET flr-503 463 23 line line NOUN flr-503 463 24 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 463 25 and and CCONJ flr-503 463 26 for for ADP flr-503 463 27 the the DET flr-503 463 28 population population NOUN flr-503 463 29 under under ADP flr-503 463 30 the the DET flr-503 463 31 assumption assumption NOUN flr-503 463 32 of of ADP flr-503 463 33 normality normality NOUN flr-503 463 34 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 463 35 grey grey ADJ flr-503 463 36 bars bar NOUN flr-503 463 37 above above ADP flr-503 463 38 the the DET flr-503 463 39 line line NOUN flr-503 463 40 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 463 41 , , PUNCT flr-503 463 42 as as ADV flr-503 463 43 well well ADV flr-503 463 44 as as ADP flr-503 463 45 the the DET flr-503 463 46 information information NOUN flr-503 463 47 curve curve NOUN flr-503 463 48 , , PUNCT flr-503 463 49 relative relative ADJ flr-503 463 50 to to ADP flr-503 463 51 the the DET flr-503 463 52 distribution distribution NOUN flr-503 463 53 of of ADP flr-503 463 54 the the DET flr-503 463 55 item item NOUN flr-503 463 56 thresholds threshold NOUN flr-503 463 57 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 463 58 black black ADJ flr-503 463 59 bars bar NOUN flr-503 463 60 below below ADP flr-503 463 61 the the DET flr-503 463 62 line line NOUN flr-503 463 63 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 463 64 . . PUNCT flr-503 464 1 for for SCONJ flr-503 464 2 the the DET flr-503 464 3 pal pal NOUN flr-503 464 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 464 5 se se ADJ flr-503 464 6 scale scale NOUN flr-503 464 7 item item NOUN flr-503 464 8 maps map NOUN flr-503 464 9 are be AUX flr-503 464 10 shown show VERB flr-503 464 11 for for ADP flr-503 464 12 students student NOUN flr-503 464 13 admitted admit VERB flr-503 464 14 to to ADP flr-503 464 15 each each PRON flr-503 464 16 of of ADP flr-503 464 17 the the DET flr-503 464 18 nine nine NUM flr-503 464 19 degree degree NOUN flr-503 464 20 programs program NOUN flr-503 464 21 , , PUNCT flr-503 464 22 as as SCONJ flr-503 464 23 the the DET flr-503 464 24 scale scale NOUN flr-503 464 25 functioned function VERB flr-503 464 26 differentially differentially ADV flr-503 464 27 relative relative ADJ flr-503 464 28 to to ADP flr-503 464 29 degree degree NOUN flr-503 464 30 program program NOUN flr-503 464 31 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 464 32 top top ADJ flr-503 464 33 nine nine NUM flr-503 464 34 graphs graph NOUN flr-503 464 35 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 464 36 . . PUNCT flr-503 465 1 for for ADP flr-503 465 2 the the DET flr-503 465 3 pae pae NOUN flr-503 465 4 - - PUNCT flr-503 465 5 se se ADJ flr-503 465 6 scale scale NOUN flr-503 465 7 a a DET flr-503 465 8 single single ADJ flr-503 465 9 item item NOUN flr-503 465 10 map map NOUN flr-503 465 11 is be AUX flr-503 465 12 shown show VERB flr-503 465 13 for for ADP flr-503 465 14 all all DET flr-503 465 15 students student NOUN flr-503 465 16 ( ( PUNCT flr-503 465 17 bottom bottom ADJ flr-503 465 18 graph graph NOUN flr-503 465 19 ) ) PUNCT flr-503 465 20 . . PUNCT