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							| Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007



	

				
						
 
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																Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007
										

				


				
				
					
					
						
																					
				
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					Vol. 14 No. 11 (2024): November 2024
				
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									Research Articles
							
		



	
		  	 

		
	
		Elemental analysis and ecological safety assessment of nutritive herb Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. cultivated and wild growing in the South-Caucasian flora
	


	
	
		

							
					Authors

						
							
								Greta R. Ulikhanyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Vahe G. Hovhannisyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Naira I. Arshakyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Astghik A. Altunyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Nelli H. Ghukasyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Arshaluys M. Ghazaryan
							
																																		
	
							
								 Karine H. Dumanyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Gayane M. Poghosyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Hrachya G. Hovhannisyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Lusine Danielyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Ruzanna Harutyunyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Sona Feschyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Maya Hovsepyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Siranush Mkrtchyan
							
																																		
	
							
								Viktoria Kyslychenko
							
																																		
	
							
								Naira Chichoyan
							
																																		


				
			
																	
					
												DOI:
					

					
						
							https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v14i11.1489
						
					
				
			

						
										
					Abstract

					Background: Today, the use of mathematical modeling is crucial in assessing the ecological safety of nutritive herbs. The aim of our research was to examine the mineral composition and assess the ecological purity of raw materials from Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., collected across various natural and climatic zones in the South Caucasus region.

Objective: To conduct an elemental analysis of the mineral composition and assess the ecological safety of nutritive plant raw materials derived from Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.

Methods: The analysis was performed using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) instrument, with results reported in micrograms per gram. A multi-standard approach with various dilutions was employed to investigate the quantities of elemental content. The elemental analysis of the obtained ash mass was conducted utilizing the Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES instrument ( USA). Mathematical modeling techniques, including Correlation Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, were used in the study. 

Results: Experimental data unequivocally demonstrated that the concentration of heavy metals in all analyzed Z. clinopodioides samples falls within the established limits of maximum permissible concentrations. Notably, no toxic metals such as Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As), or Cadmium (Cd) were detected in any of the samples, affirming the ecological safety of the raw materials. Principal component analysis yielded four predominant components, collectively accounting for 91.934% of the overall variability among 13 variables, as based on the variation in elemental concentrations. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) enabled the categorization of plant raw material samples into three distinct groups, contingent on the geographical origins of the areas and the methods of cultivation.

Conclusions: Chemometric analysis conclusively demonstrates that the variation in elemental composition within the examined samples, as well as the plant's capacity to accumulate biologically active compounds, is contingent not solely upon the altitude of the growth locations above sea level but also by the conditions of cultivation and introduction.

Keywords: Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., nutritive herbs, ash, chemometric approaches, correlation analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, optical emission spectrum

				
			
			

						
																																																																																																																												
						
		


		

						
										
					
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																			2024-11-22
																	

				
							

			
						
										

											
							
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									Vol. 14 No. 11 (2024): November 2024
								
							

						
					
											
							
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								Research Articles
							

						
					
									

			
						
										
					
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