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							| Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007



	

				
						
 
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																Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007
										

				


				
				
					
					
						
																					
				
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					Vol. 15 No. 8 (2025): August 2025
				
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									Research Articles
							
		



	
		  	 

		
	
		Polysaccharides from split gill mushrooms (Schizophyllum commune Fr.) improve glucose metabolism and reduce muscleinflammation in a rat model of type 2 diabetes
	


	
	
		

							
					Authors

						
							
								Wipapan Khimmaktong
							
																																		
	
							
								Udomlak Matsathit
							
																																		
	
							
								Supada Nuinamwong
							
																																		
	
							
								Decha Sermwittayawong
							
																																		
	
							
								Patranis  Chubuathong
							
																																		
	
							
								Yaowapa Sukpondma
							
																																		
	
							
								Nisaudah Radenahmad
							
																																		
	
							
								Manaras Komolkriengkrai
							
																																		


				
			
																	
					
												DOI:
					

					
						
							https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v15i8.1705
						
					
				
			

						
										
					Abstract

					Background: Chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) contributes to muscle inflammation and impaired glucose metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of polysaccharides extracted from Schizophyllum commune Fr. (split gill mushroom) on glucose metabolism and muscle inflammation in a rat model of insulin resistance.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal diet (ND), ND with 240 mg/kg body weight (BW) S. commune polysaccharides (ND240), high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats (HFD+DM), HFD+DM treated with S. commune polysaccharides (HFD+S240), and HFD+DM treated with metformin (HFD+Met). Blood glucose levels were monitored weekly for eight weeks. Muscle tissues were then collected for histological staining, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy to assess inflammation markers (TNF-α, IL-1β) and expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R).

Results: Rats in the HFD+DM group exhibited elevated blood glucose levels, increased inflammation, and reduced GLUT4 and GLP-1R expression. Treatment with S. commune polysaccharides significantly lowered blood glucose levels, reduced inflammatory markers, and restored the expression of GLUT4 and GLP-1R, with results comparable to metformin-treated rats.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that S. commune polysaccharides may ameliorate hyperglycemia-induced muscle inflammation and enhance insulin sensitivity, supporting their potential as a natural therapeutic candidate for managing T2DM.

Novelty: This study demonstrates, for the first time, that polysaccharides extracted from Schizophyllum commune Fr. (split gill mushroom) significantly reduce muscle inflammation and improve glucose metabolism in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. The crude extract restored GLUT4 and GLP-1 receptor expression, decreased TNF-α and IL-1β levels, and preserved muscle fiber architecture, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. These findings suggest a novel therapeutic role of S. commune polysaccharides in ameliorating diabetes- related muscle dysfunction.

Keywords: Diabetes, muscle, polysaccharide, Schizophyllum commune Fr., GLUT4, GLP-1R

				
			
			

						
																																																																				
						
		


		

						
										
					
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																			2025-08-07
																	

				
							

			
						
										

											
							
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									Vol. 15 No. 8 (2025): August 2025
								
							

						
					
											
							
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																										Copyright (c) 2025 Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007

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