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							| Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007



	

				
						
 
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																Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007
										

				


				
				
					
					
						
																					
				
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					Vol. 3 No. 4 (2013): April 2013
				
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									Review Articles
							
		



	
		  	 

		
	
		The influence of obesity in patients with prostate cancer - Review of the literature
	


	
	
		

							
					Authors

						
							
								Maximilien C. Goris Gbenou
							
															
									Valence Hospital, Department of Urology, Valence
																	
																																		


				
			
																	
					
												DOI:
					

					
						
							https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v3i4.63
						
					
				
			

						
										
					Abstract

					Recent studies have demonstrated an association between higher body mass index and increased aggressiveness in prostate cancer. The present narrative review, based on a search of Medline® and Embase® databases from October 1982 to October 2012, explores the relationship between higher body mass index and localized prostate cancer. In particular, the current epidemiological and mechanistic evidence for interactions between obesity and prostate cancer are discussed. Obesity is associated with alterations in androgen levels, decreased sex hormone binding globulin and increased estrogen levels, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, alterations in plasma lipoprotein levels particularly raised triglycerides and reduced high density lipoprotein, decreased levels of adiponectin, and increased levels of circulating insulin-growth factor- 1, leptin and dietary saturated fats. Obese men have more aggressive prostate cancer with a greater percentage prostate involvement, increased tumor volume and higher-grade disease, enlarged prostates, high prostate-specific antigen levels, increased risk of having positive margins and recurrence. Moreover, there is strong evidence of the beneficial effects of functional foods for the treatment of obesity. Additionally, an increasing number of studies support that obesity-induced inflammation plays an important role in the development of obesity-related pathologies. Despite, the beneficial role of nutriment in prostate cancer control, the use of functional foods in prostate cancer is not recommended for lack of large epidemiological studies. This data supports the hypothesis that obese men have more aggressive prostate cancers and that the obesity is a modifiable risk factor of prostate cancer. 

Key Words: prostate cancer, metabolic syndrome, obesity, high BMI, risk factor, diet, functional foods.

				
			
			

						
																			
						
		


		

						
										
					
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																			2013-04-29
																	

				
							

			
						
										

											
							
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									Vol. 3 No. 4 (2013): April 2013
								
							

						
					
											
							
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								Review Articles
							

						
					
									

			
						
										
					
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By submitting to this journal, authors confirm that their manuscripts are original, not under consideration elsewhere, and that they hold the necessary rights to grant this license. The Functional Food Center encourages open scientific exchange and allows derivative and extended works, provided attribution to the original publication is maintained.

				

			
			

		

	




	




	


							



	

	

					
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