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							| Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007



	

				
						
 
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																Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007
										

				


				
				
					
					
						
																					
				
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					Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013): January 2013
				
				/
			
	
			
									Short Report
							
		



	
		  	 

		
	
		Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory effects of dairy- and soy-derived peptides in pre-hypertensive overweight men and women
	


	
	
		

							
					Authors

						
							
								Melissa S. Munn
							
															
									Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108
																	
																																		
	
							
								Shalamar Sibley
							
															
									Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455,
																	
																																		
	
							
								Richard Brundage
							
															
									Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414
																	
																																		
	
							
								Baraem Ismail
							
															
									Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108
																	
																																		
	
							
								Carrie P. Earthman
							
															
									Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108
																	
																																		


				
			
																	
					
												DOI:
					

					
						
							https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v3i1.78
						
					
				
			

						
										
					Abstract

					Background: Hypertension is considered the most prevalent cardiovascular disorder and a significant public health problem. A functional food that could potentially impede progression into a hypertensive state in pre-hypertensive individuals is of significant interest to clinicians and consumers. In vitro and animal studies suggest the presence of potential ACE inhibitory dairy-and soy-derived peptides. Very few human-based research studies have been conducted to investigate the blood pressure lowering and/or ACE-inhibitory effects of whey and soy protein hydrolysates in humans. This pilot study tested the acute effects of 20g doses of whey and soy hydrolysates in pre-hypertensive, overweight men and postmenopausal women on serum ACE activity and blood pressure. 
Findings: Using a randomized crossover design, four initial subjects received five treatments (unhydrolyzed casein, whey protein isolate, whey protein hydrolysate, soy protein isolate, soy protein hydrolysate) at different testing visits separated by three-day washout periods. Blood pressure and blood draws to measure ACE activity were taken at thirty minute intervals following treatment consumption. Both the soy protein and whey protein hydrolysates had notable in vitro ACE-inhibitory activity, both before and after heat treatment. No differences were observed among the protein treatments for either ACE activity or systolic blood pressure. 
Conclusions: The results of this pilot study support a discrepancy between in vitro and human-based in vivo ACE-inhibitory acute effects of whey and soy protein hydrolysates, underscoring the need for further research to better understand potential explanations for these findings. 
 
Key Words: ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme), Casein, Soy, Whey, Protein, Blood pressure, Dairy, Bioactive, Peptides

				
			
			

						
																																															
						
		


		

						
										
					
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						Published
					

					
																			2013-01-27
																	

				
							

			
						
										

											
							
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									Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013): January 2013
								
							

						
					
											
							
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								Short Report
							

						
					
									

			
						
										
					
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