id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ffhd-1838	1	1	ultra	ultra	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	2	-	-	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	3	low	low	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	4	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	5	dose	dose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	6	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	7	modulates	modulate	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	8	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	1	9	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	10	microbiota	microbiota	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	11	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	12	healthy	healthy	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	13	adults	adult	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	14	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	15	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	1	16	double	double	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	17	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	18	blind	blind	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	19	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	20	randomized	randomize	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	21	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	22	placebo	placebo	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	23	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	24	controlled	control	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	25	crossover	crossover	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	26	trial	trial	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	27	|	|	ADV
ffhd-1838	1	28	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	29	foods	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	30	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	31	health	health	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	32	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	1	33	disease	disease	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	34	online	online	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	35	issn	issn	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	36	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	37	2160	2160	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	38	-	-	SYM
ffhd-1838	1	39	3855	3855	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	40	;	;	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	41	print	print	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	42	issn	issn	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	43	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	44	2378	2378	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	45	-	-	SYM
ffhd-1838	1	46	7007	7007	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	47	skip	skip	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	48	to	to	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	49	main	main	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	50	content	content	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	51	skip	skip	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	52	to	to	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	53	main	main	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	54	navigation	navigation	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	55	menu	menu	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	56	skip	skip	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	57	to	to	PART
ffhd-1838	1	58	site	site	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	59	footer	footer	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	60	open	open	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	61	menu	menu	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	62	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	63	foods	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	64	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	65	health	health	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	66	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	1	67	disease	disease	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	68	online	online	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	69	issn	issn	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	70	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	71	2160	2160	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	72	-	-	SYM
ffhd-1838	1	73	3855	3855	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	74	;	;	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	75	print	print	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	76	issn	issn	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	77	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	1	78	2378	2378	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	79	-	-	SYM
ffhd-1838	1	80	7007	7007	NUM
ffhd-1838	1	81	home	home	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	82	food	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	83	science	science	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	84	publisher	publisher	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	85	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	86	food	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	87	center	center	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	88	current	current	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	89	archives	archive	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	90	about	about	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	91	about	about	ADP
ffhd-1838	1	92	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	1	93	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	94	aims	aim	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	95	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	1	96	scope	scope	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	97	contact	contact	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	98	editing	edit	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	99	services	service	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	100	editorial	editorial	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	101	team	team	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	102	express	express	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	103	peer	peer	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	104	review	review	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	105	graphical	graphical	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	106	abstract	abstract	ADJ
ffhd-1838	1	107	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	108	insights	insight	VERB
ffhd-1838	1	109	privacy	privacy	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	110	statement	statement	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	111	submissions	submission	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	112	announcements	announcement	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	113	search	search	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	114	search	search	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	115	register	register	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	116	login	login	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	117	home	home	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	118	/	/	SYM
ffhd-1838	1	119	archives	archive	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	120	/	/	SYM
ffhd-1838	1	121	vol	vol	NOUN
ffhd-1838	1	122	.	.	PROPN
ffhd-1838	1	123	15	15	NUM
ffhd-1838	2	1	no	no	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	2	.	.	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	3	12	12	NUM
ffhd-1838	2	4	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	5	2025	2025	NUM
ffhd-1838	2	6	):	):	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	7	december	december	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	8	2025	2025	NUM
ffhd-1838	2	9	/	/	SYM
ffhd-1838	2	10	research	research	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	11	articles	article	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	12	ultra	ultra	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	13	-	-	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	14	low	low	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	15	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	16	dose	dose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	17	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	18	modulates	modulate	VERB
ffhd-1838	2	19	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	2	20	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	21	microbiota	microbiota	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	22	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	2	23	healthy	healthy	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	24	adults	adult	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	25	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	26	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	2	27	double	double	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	28	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	29	blind	blind	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	30	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	31	randomized	randomize	VERB
ffhd-1838	2	32	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	33	placebo	placebo	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	34	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	35	controlled	control	VERB
ffhd-1838	2	36	crossover	crossover	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	37	trial	trial	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	38	authors	author	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	39	ryo	ryo	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	40	sakiyama	sakiyama	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	41	seiya	seiya	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	42	miyashita	miyashita	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	43	manabu	manabu	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	44	nakano	nakano	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	45	miyuki	miyuki	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	46	tanaka	tanaka	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	47	doi	doi	PROPN
ffhd-1838	2	48	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	49	https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v15i12.1838	https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v15i12.1838	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	50	abstract	abstract	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	51	background	background	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	52	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	53	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	54	health	health	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	55	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	56	particularly	particularly	ADV
ffhd-1838	2	57	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	2	58	composition	composition	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	59	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	2	60	function	function	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	61	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	2	62	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	2	63	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	64	microbiota	microbiota	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	65	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	66	is	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	2	67	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ffhd-1838	2	68	recognized	recognize	VERB
ffhd-1838	2	69	as	as	ADP
ffhd-1838	2	70	essential	essential	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	71	for	for	ADP
ffhd-1838	2	72	overall	overall	ADJ
ffhd-1838	2	73	well	well	ADV
ffhd-1838	2	74	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	2	75	being	being	NOUN
ffhd-1838	2	76	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	3	1	non	non	ADJ
ffhd-1838	3	2	-	-	ADJ
ffhd-1838	3	3	digestible	digestible	ADJ
ffhd-1838	3	4	oligosaccharides	oligosaccharide	NOUN
ffhd-1838	3	5	are	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	3	6	established	establish	VERB
ffhd-1838	3	7	prebiotics	prebiotic	NOUN
ffhd-1838	3	8	that	that	PRON
ffhd-1838	3	9	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
ffhd-1838	3	10	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
ffhd-1838	3	11	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	3	12	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN
ffhd-1838	3	13	;	;	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	3	14	however	however	ADV
ffhd-1838	3	15	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	3	16	excessive	excessive	ADJ
ffhd-1838	3	17	intake	intake	NOUN
ffhd-1838	3	18	may	may	AUX
ffhd-1838	3	19	cause	cause	VERB
ffhd-1838	3	20	gastrointestinal	gastrointestinal	ADJ
ffhd-1838	3	21	discomfort	discomfort	NOUN
ffhd-1838	3	22	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	4	1	this	this	DET
ffhd-1838	4	2	study	study	NOUN
ffhd-1838	4	3	aimed	aim	VERB
ffhd-1838	4	4	to	to	PART
ffhd-1838	4	5	determine	determine	VERB
ffhd-1838	4	6	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	4	7	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ffhd-1838	4	8	effective	effective	ADJ
ffhd-1838	4	9	dose	dose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	4	10	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	4	11	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	4	12	using	use	VERB
ffhd-1838	4	13	16s	16s	PROPN
ffhd-1838	4	14	rrna	rrna	PROPN
ffhd-1838	4	15	gene	gene	NOUN
ffhd-1838	4	16	sequencing	sequence	VERB
ffhd-1838	4	17	to	to	PART
ffhd-1838	4	18	support	support	VERB
ffhd-1838	4	19	safe	safe	ADJ
ffhd-1838	4	20	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	4	21	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ffhd-1838	4	22	dietary	dietary	ADJ
ffhd-1838	4	23	applications	application	NOUN
ffhd-1838	4	24	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	1	methods	method	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	2	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	3	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	5	4	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	5	5	double	double	ADJ
ffhd-1838	5	6	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	7	blind	blind	ADJ
ffhd-1838	5	8	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	9	randomized	randomize	VERB
ffhd-1838	5	10	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	11	placebo	placebo	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	12	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	13	controlled	control	VERB
ffhd-1838	5	14	crossover	crossover	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	15	trial	trial	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	16	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	17	100	100	NUM
ffhd-1838	5	18	healthy	healthy	ADJ
ffhd-1838	5	19	japanese	japanese	ADJ
ffhd-1838	5	20	adults	adult	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	21	received	receive	VERB
ffhd-1838	5	22	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	23	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	24	500	500	NUM
ffhd-1838	5	25	mg	mg	NUM
ffhd-1838	5	26	/	/	SYM
ffhd-1838	5	27	day	day	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	28	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	29	or	or	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	5	30	placebo	placebo	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	31	for	for	ADP
ffhd-1838	5	32	28	28	NUM
ffhd-1838	5	33	days	day	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	34	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	35	separated	separate	VERB
ffhd-1838	5	36	by	by	ADP
ffhd-1838	5	37	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	5	38	14	14	NUM
ffhd-1838	5	39	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	5	40	day	day	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	41	washout	washout	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	42	period	period	NOUN
ffhd-1838	5	43	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	6	1	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	6	2	relative	relative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	6	3	abundance	abundance	NOUN
ffhd-1838	6	4	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	6	5	bifidobacterium	bifidobacterium	NOUN
ffhd-1838	6	6	was	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	6	7	analyzed	analyze	VERB
ffhd-1838	6	8	using	use	VERB
ffhd-1838	6	9	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	6	10	linear	linear	ADJ
ffhd-1838	6	11	mixed	mixed	ADJ
ffhd-1838	6	12	model	model	NOUN
ffhd-1838	6	13	with	with	ADP
ffhd-1838	6	14	centered	center	VERB
ffhd-1838	6	15	log	log	NOUN
ffhd-1838	6	16	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	6	17	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ffhd-1838	6	18	transformation	transformation	NOUN
ffhd-1838	6	19	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	1	results	result	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	2	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	3	as	as	ADP
ffhd-1838	7	4	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	7	5	result	result	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	6	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	7	7	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	7	8	analyses	analysis	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	9	conducted	conduct	VERB
ffhd-1838	7	10	on	on	ADP
ffhd-1838	7	11	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	7	12	pps	pps	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	13	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	14	per	per	ADP
ffhd-1838	7	15	protocol	protocol	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	16	set	set	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	17	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	18	n	n	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	19	=	=	NUM
ffhd-1838	7	20	78	78	NUM
ffhd-1838	7	21	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	22	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	7	23	fas	fas	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	24	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	25	full	full	ADJ
ffhd-1838	7	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	27	set	set	VERB
ffhd-1838	7	28	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	29	n	n	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	30	=	=	SYM
ffhd-1838	7	31	99	99	NUM
ffhd-1838	7	32	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	33	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	7	34	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	35	intake	intake	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	36	significantly	significantly	ADV
ffhd-1838	7	37	increased	increase	VERB
ffhd-1838	7	38	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	7	39	relative	relative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	7	40	abundance	abundance	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	41	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	7	42	bifidobacterium	bifidobacterium	NOUN
ffhd-1838	7	43	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	8	1	overall	overall	ADJ
ffhd-1838	8	2	alpha	alpha	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	3	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	4	remained	remain	VERB
ffhd-1838	8	5	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ
ffhd-1838	8	6	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	8	7	although	although	SCONJ
ffhd-1838	8	8	participants	participant	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	9	with	with	ADP
ffhd-1838	8	10	low	low	ADJ
ffhd-1838	8	11	baseline	baseline	ADJ
ffhd-1838	8	12	alpha	alpha	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	13	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	14	enterotypes	enterotype	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	15	showed	show	VERB
ffhd-1838	8	16	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	8	17	trend	trend	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	18	toward	toward	ADP
ffhd-1838	8	19	restoration	restoration	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	20	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	8	21	alpha	alpha	ADJ
ffhd-1838	8	22	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ffhd-1838	8	23	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	9	1	no	no	DET
ffhd-1838	9	2	adverse	adverse	ADJ
ffhd-1838	9	3	events	event	NOUN
ffhd-1838	9	4	or	or	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	9	5	gastrointestinal	gastrointestinal	ADJ
ffhd-1838	9	6	symptoms	symptom	NOUN
ffhd-1838	9	7	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	9	8	such	such	ADJ
ffhd-1838	9	9	as	as	ADP
ffhd-1838	9	10	bloating	bloat	VERB
ffhd-1838	9	11	or	or	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	9	12	diarrhea	diarrhea	NOUN
ffhd-1838	9	13	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	9	14	were	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	9	15	observed	observe	VERB
ffhd-1838	9	16	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	9	17	confirming	confirm	VERB
ffhd-1838	9	18	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	9	19	safety	safety	NOUN
ffhd-1838	9	20	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	9	21	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	9	22	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	10	1	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	2	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	10	3	these	these	DET
ffhd-1838	10	4	findings	finding	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	5	provide	provide	VERB
ffhd-1838	10	6	novel	novel	ADJ
ffhd-1838	10	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	8	that	that	SCONJ
ffhd-1838	10	9	even	even	ADV
ffhd-1838	10	10	minimal	minimal	ADJ
ffhd-1838	10	11	doses	dose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	12	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	10	13	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	14	can	can	AUX
ffhd-1838	10	15	beneficially	beneficially	ADV
ffhd-1838	10	16	modulate	modulate	VERB
ffhd-1838	10	17	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	10	18	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	19	microbiota	microbiota	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	20	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	10	21	notably	notably	ADV
ffhd-1838	10	22	by	by	ADP
ffhd-1838	10	23	increasing	increase	VERB
ffhd-1838	10	24	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	10	25	relative	relative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	10	26	abundance	abundance	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	27	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	10	28	bifidobacterium	bifidobacterium	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	29	without	without	ADP
ffhd-1838	10	30	inducing	induce	VERB
ffhd-1838	10	31	laxative	laxative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	10	32	effects	effect	NOUN
ffhd-1838	10	33	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	11	1	ultra	ultra	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	2	-	-	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	3	low	low	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	4	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	11	5	dose	dose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	6	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	7	may	may	AUX
ffhd-1838	11	8	serve	serve	VERB
ffhd-1838	11	9	as	as	ADP
ffhd-1838	11	10	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	11	11	practical	practical	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	12	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	11	13	safe	safe	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	14	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	15	food	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	16	ingredient	ingredient	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	17	to	to	PART
ffhd-1838	11	18	support	support	VERB
ffhd-1838	11	19	long	long	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	20	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	11	21	term	term	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	22	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	23	health	health	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	24	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	11	25	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	11	26	continued	continued	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	27	research	research	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	28	on	on	ADP
ffhd-1838	11	29	its	its	PRON
ffhd-1838	11	30	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	31	into	into	ADP
ffhd-1838	11	32	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	33	food	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	34	matrices	matrix	NOUN
ffhd-1838	11	35	will	will	AUX
ffhd-1838	11	36	be	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	11	37	important	important	ADJ
ffhd-1838	11	38	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	12	1	trial	trial	NOUN
ffhd-1838	12	2	registration	registration	NOUN
ffhd-1838	12	3	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	12	4	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	12	5	study	study	NOUN
ffhd-1838	12	6	protocol	protocol	NOUN
ffhd-1838	12	7	was	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	12	8	registered	register	VERB
ffhd-1838	12	9	with	with	ADP
ffhd-1838	12	10	umin	umin	NOUN
ffhd-1838	12	11	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	12	12	ctr	ctr	PROPN
ffhd-1838	12	13	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	12	14	i	i	PROPN
ffhd-1838	12	15	d	d	PROPN
ffhd-1838	12	16	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	12	17	umin000055862	umin000055862	NOUN
ffhd-1838	12	18	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	12	19	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	13	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	2	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	13	3	lactulose	lactulose	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	4	;	;	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	13	5	prebiotics	prebiotic	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	6	;	;	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	13	7	bifidobacterium	bifidobacterium	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	8	;	;	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	13	9	improving	improve	VERB
ffhd-1838	13	10	gut	gut	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	11	microbiota	microbiota	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	12	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	13	13	gastrointestinal	gastrointestinal	ADJ
ffhd-1838	13	14	health	health	NOUN
ffhd-1838	13	15	downloads	download	NOUN
ffhd-1838	14	1	[	[	X
ffhd-1838	14	2	abstract	abstract	X
ffhd-1838	14	3	]	]	X
ffhd-1838	15	1	[	[	X
ffhd-1838	15	2	full	full	ADJ
ffhd-1838	15	3	article	article	NOUN
ffhd-1838	15	4	]	]	X
ffhd-1838	16	1	[	[	X
ffhd-1838	16	2	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
ffhd-1838	16	3	data	datum	NOUN
ffhd-1838	16	4	]	]	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	16	5	published	publish	VERB
ffhd-1838	16	6	2025	2025	NUM
ffhd-1838	16	7	-	-	SYM
ffhd-1838	16	8	12	12	NUM
ffhd-1838	16	9	-	-	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	16	10	09	09	NUM
ffhd-1838	16	11	issue	issue	NOUN
ffhd-1838	16	12	vol	vol	NOUN
ffhd-1838	16	13	.	.	PROPN
ffhd-1838	16	14	15	15	NUM
ffhd-1838	17	1	no	no	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	2	.	.	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	3	12	12	NUM
ffhd-1838	17	4	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	5	2025	2025	NUM
ffhd-1838	17	6	):	):	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	7	december	december	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	8	2025	2025	NUM
ffhd-1838	17	9	section	section	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	10	research	research	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	11	articles	article	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	12	license	license	VERB
ffhd-1838	17	13	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	14	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	15	c	c	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	16	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	17	2025	2025	NUM
ffhd-1838	17	18	ryo	ryo	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	19	sakiyama	sakiyama	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	20	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	21	seiya	seiya	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	22	miyashita	miyashita	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	23	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	24	manabu	manabu	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	25	nakano	nakano	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	26	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	17	27	miyuki	miyuki	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	28	tanaka	tanaka	PROPN
ffhd-1838	17	29	this	this	DET
ffhd-1838	17	30	work	work	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	31	is	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	17	32	licensed	license	VERB
ffhd-1838	17	33	under	under	ADP
ffhd-1838	17	34	a	a	DET
ffhd-1838	17	35	creative	creative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	17	36	commons	common	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	37	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	38	4.0	4.0	NUM
ffhd-1838	17	39	international	international	ADJ
ffhd-1838	17	40	license	license	NOUN
ffhd-1838	17	41	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	18	1	authors	author	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	2	retain	retain	VERB
ffhd-1838	18	3	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	18	4	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	5	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	18	6	their	their	PRON
ffhd-1838	18	7	articles	article	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	8	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	18	9	grant	grant	VERB
ffhd-1838	18	10	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	18	11	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	18	12	food	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	13	center	center	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	14	(	(	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	18	15	ffc	ffc	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	16	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	18	17	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	18	18	its	its	PRON
ffhd-1838	18	19	journals	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	20	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	18	21	right	right	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	22	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	18	23	first	first	ADJ
ffhd-1838	18	24	publication	publication	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	25	under	under	ADP
ffhd-1838	18	26	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	18	27	terms	term	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	28	of	of	ADP
ffhd-1838	18	29	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	18	30	creative	creative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	18	31	commons	common	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	32	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	33	4.0	4.0	NUM
ffhd-1838	18	34	international	international	ADJ
ffhd-1838	18	35	license	license	NOUN
ffhd-1838	18	36	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	19	1	this	this	DET
ffhd-1838	19	2	license	license	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	3	permits	permit	VERB
ffhd-1838	19	4	unrestricted	unrestricted	ADJ
ffhd-1838	19	5	use	use	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	19	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	19	9	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	19	10	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	11	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	19	12	any	any	DET
ffhd-1838	19	13	medium	medium	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	14	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	19	15	including	include	VERB
ffhd-1838	19	16	commercial	commercial	ADJ
ffhd-1838	19	17	use	use	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	18	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	19	19	provided	provide	VERB
ffhd-1838	19	20	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	19	21	original	original	ADJ
ffhd-1838	19	22	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	23	)	)	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	19	24	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	19	25	source	source	NOUN
ffhd-1838	19	26	are	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	19	27	properly	properly	ADV
ffhd-1838	19	28	credited	credit	VERB
ffhd-1838	19	29	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	20	1	authors	author	NOUN
ffhd-1838	20	2	may	may	AUX
ffhd-1838	20	3	post	post	VERB
ffhd-1838	20	4	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	20	5	share	share	VERB
ffhd-1838	20	6	their	their	PRON
ffhd-1838	20	7	published	publish	VERB
ffhd-1838	20	8	work	work	NOUN
ffhd-1838	20	9	freely	freely	ADV
ffhd-1838	20	10	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	20	11	provided	provide	VERB
ffhd-1838	20	12	that	that	SCONJ
ffhd-1838	20	13	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	20	14	original	original	ADJ
ffhd-1838	20	15	publication	publication	NOUN
ffhd-1838	20	16	in	in	ADP
ffhd-1838	20	17	this	this	DET
ffhd-1838	20	18	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	20	19	is	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	20	20	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
ffhd-1838	20	21	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	21	1	by	by	ADP
ffhd-1838	21	2	submitting	submit	VERB
ffhd-1838	21	3	to	to	ADP
ffhd-1838	21	4	this	this	DET
ffhd-1838	21	5	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	21	6	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	21	7	authors	author	NOUN
ffhd-1838	21	8	confirm	confirm	VERB
ffhd-1838	21	9	that	that	SCONJ
ffhd-1838	21	10	their	their	PRON
ffhd-1838	21	11	manuscripts	manuscript	NOUN
ffhd-1838	21	12	are	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	21	13	original	original	ADJ
ffhd-1838	21	14	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	21	15	not	not	PART
ffhd-1838	21	16	under	under	ADP
ffhd-1838	21	17	consideration	consideration	NOUN
ffhd-1838	21	18	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV
ffhd-1838	21	19	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	21	20	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	21	21	that	that	SCONJ
ffhd-1838	21	22	they	they	PRON
ffhd-1838	21	23	hold	hold	VERB
ffhd-1838	21	24	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	21	25	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ffhd-1838	21	26	rights	right	NOUN
ffhd-1838	21	27	to	to	PART
ffhd-1838	21	28	grant	grant	VERB
ffhd-1838	21	29	this	this	DET
ffhd-1838	21	30	license	license	NOUN
ffhd-1838	21	31	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	22	1	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	22	2	functional	functional	ADJ
ffhd-1838	22	3	food	food	NOUN
ffhd-1838	22	4	center	center	NOUN
ffhd-1838	22	5	encourages	encourage	VERB
ffhd-1838	22	6	open	open	ADJ
ffhd-1838	22	7	scientific	scientific	ADJ
ffhd-1838	22	8	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ffhd-1838	22	9	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	22	10	allows	allow	VERB
ffhd-1838	22	11	derivative	derivative	ADJ
ffhd-1838	22	12	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	22	13	extended	extended	ADJ
ffhd-1838	22	14	works	work	NOUN
ffhd-1838	22	15	,	,	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	22	16	provided	provide	VERB
ffhd-1838	22	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ffhd-1838	22	18	to	to	ADP
ffhd-1838	22	19	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	22	20	original	original	ADJ
ffhd-1838	22	21	publication	publication	NOUN
ffhd-1838	22	22	is	be	AUX
ffhd-1838	22	23	maintained	maintain	VERB
ffhd-1838	22	24	.	.	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	23	1	about	about	ADP
ffhd-1838	23	2	the	the	DET
ffhd-1838	23	3	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	4	     	     	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	5	editing	edit	VERB
ffhd-1838	23	6	services	service	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	7	      	      	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	8	graphical	graphical	ADJ
ffhd-1838	23	9	abstract	abstract	ADJ
ffhd-1838	23	10	     	     	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	11	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	12	insights	insight	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	13	        	        	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	14	submissions	submission	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	15	        	        	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	16	editorial	editorial	ADJ
ffhd-1838	23	17	team	team	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	18	       	       	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	19	privacy	privacy	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	20	statement	statement	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	21	        	        	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	22	contact	contact	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	23	        	        	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	24	current	current	ADJ
ffhd-1838	23	25	        	        	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	26	archives	archive	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	27	  	  	SPACE
ffhd-1838	23	28	open	open	ADJ
ffhd-1838	23	29	journal	journal	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	30	systems	system	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	31	hosting	host	VERB
ffhd-1838	23	32	and	and	CCONJ
ffhd-1838	23	33	support	support	NOUN
ffhd-1838	23	34	by	by	ADP
ffhd-1838	23	35	:	:	PUNCT
ffhd-1838	23	36	openjournalsystems.com	openjournalsystems.com	X