Atractylodin, β-eudesmol, and (+)-hinesol in Atractylodes chinensis rhizomes improve glomerular injuries in high immunoglobulin A mice | Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007 Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer Open Menu Functional Foods in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2160-3855; Print ISSN: 2378-7007 Home Food Science Publisher Functional Food Center Current Archives About About the Journal Aims and Scope Contact Editing Services Editorial Team Express Peer Review Graphical Abstract Journal Insights Privacy Statement Submissions Announcements Search Search Register Login Home / Archives / Vol. 14 No. 4 (2024): April 2024 / Research Articles Atractylodin, β-eudesmol, and (+)-hinesol in Atractylodes chinensis rhizomes improve glomerular injuries in high immunoglobulin A mice Authors Mikio Nishizawa Toshinari Ishii Yuto Nishidono Saki Shirako Ken Tanaka Yukinobu Ikeya DOI: https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v14i4.1318 Abstract Background: The rhizome of Atractylodes chinensis (Asteraceae), a crude drug of Japanese Kampo medicines, has been administered to patients with edema, nephrotic syndrome, and gastrointestinal disorders. Essential oils, such as sesquiterpenoids (e.g., β-eudesmol and hinesol) and atractylodin, are rich in the rhizomes. Previously, we discovered that atractylodin, a polyacetylene compound, found in an ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble fraction from a methanol extract of A. chinensis rhizomes, possessed marked anti-inflammatory activities. Oral administration of the EtOAc-soluble fraction reduced immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposition in the renal glomeruli of high immunoglobulin A (HIGA) mice, a model of human IgA nephropathy. An increased serum IgA forms immune complexes and causes the deposition on renal glomeruli, leading to inflammation by the complement-mediated pathway. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the compounds that reduce IgA deposition in an EtOAc-soluble fraction of A. chinensis rhizomes. Methods: Metabolites in the serum of HIGA and control BALB/c mice were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A standard diet including each compound was fed to HIGA and BALB/c mice for 20 weeks to evaluate the improvement of glomerular IgA deposition. Results: Metabolomic analysis of serum suggested that the HIGA mice exhibit a state near the early stage of chronic kidney disease, compared with the BALB/c mice. When mice were orally administered each hydrophobic compound of A. chinensis rhizomes, it was revealed that atractylodin, as well as β-eudesmol and (+)-hinesol, efficiently inhibited glomerular IgA deposition. Furthermore, the renal levels of complement component 3 (C3) and proinflammatory cytokine mRNAs were decreased, when the hydrophobic compounds were orally administered to HIGA mice. Conclusion: Atractylodin, β-eudesmol, and (+)-hinesol may inhibit glomerular IgA deposition, probably by attenuating complement-mediated injuries and suppressing proliferation of mesangial cells in the renal glomeruli. These compounds might improve the pathological findings of human IgA nephropathy. Keywords: Atractylodes chinensis; Crude drug; Immunoglobulin A nephropathy; Metabolomics; Complement Downloads [Abstract] [Full Article] Published 2024-04-03 Issue Vol. 14 No. 4 (2024): April 2024 Section Research Articles License Copyright (c) 2024 Functional Foods in Health and Disease This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors retain the copyright of their articles and grant the Functional Food Center (FFC) and its journals the right of first publication under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, including commercial use, provided the original author(s) and source are properly credited. Authors may post and share their published work freely, provided that the original publication in this journal is acknowledged. By submitting to this journal, authors confirm that their manuscripts are original, not under consideration elsewhere, and that they hold the necessary rights to grant this license. The Functional Food Center encourages open scientific exchange and allows derivative and extended works, provided attribution to the original publication is maintained. About the Journal      Editing Services      Graphical Abstract      Journal Insights        Submissions        Editorial Team       Privacy Statement        Contact        Current        Archives   Open Journal Systems Hosting and Support by: OpenJournalSystems.com