id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
futech-487	1	1	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	1	2	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	1	3	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	1	4	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	1	5	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	1	6	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	1	7	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	1	8	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	1	9	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	1	10	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	1	11	04	04	NUM
futech-487	2	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	2	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	2	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	3	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	3	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	3	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	3	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	3	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	3	6	228	228	NUM
futech-487	3	7	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	3	8	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	3	9	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	3	10	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	3	11	in	in	ADP
futech-487	3	12	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	3	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	3	14	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	3	15	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	3	16	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	3	17	for	for	ADP
futech-487	3	18	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	3	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	3	20	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
futech-487	3	21	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	3	22	a	a	DET
futech-487	3	23	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	3	24	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	3	25	ruilin	ruilin	PROPN
futech-487	3	26	zhao1,2	zhao1,2	PROPN
futech-487	3	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	28	hanita	hanita	PROPN
futech-487	3	29	hanim	hanim	VERB
futech-487	3	30	ismail1	ismail1	PROPN
futech-487	3	31	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	3	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	33	ahmad	ahmad	PROPN
futech-487	3	34	zamri	zamri	PROPN
futech-487	3	35	mansor1	mansor1	PROPN
futech-487	3	36	1faculty	1faculty	NUM
futech-487	3	37	of	of	ADP
futech-487	3	38	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	3	39	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	40	universiti	universiti	PROPN
futech-487	3	41	kebangsaan	kebangsaan	PROPN
futech-487	3	42	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
futech-487	3	43	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	44	bangi	bangi	VERB
futech-487	3	45	43600	43600	NUM
futech-487	3	46	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	47	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
futech-487	3	48	2faculty	2faculty	NUM
futech-487	3	49	of	of	ADP
futech-487	3	50	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	3	51	languages	language	NOUN
futech-487	3	52	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	53	guangzhou	guangzhou	PROPN
futech-487	3	54	xinhua	xinhua	PROPN
futech-487	3	55	university	university	PROPN
futech-487	3	56	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	57	dongguan	dongguan	PROPN
futech-487	3	58	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	59	guangdong	guangdong	PROPN
futech-487	3	60	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	3	61	china	china	PROPN
futech-487	3	62	a	a	DET
futech-487	3	63	r	r	NOUN
futech-487	3	64	t	t	NOUN
futech-487	4	1	i	i	PRON
futech-487	4	2	c	c	NOUN
futech-487	4	3	l	l	NOUN
futech-487	4	4	e	e	NOUN
futech-487	5	1	i	i	PRON
futech-487	5	2	n	n	VERB
futech-487	5	3	f	f	NOUN
futech-487	5	4	o	o	NOUN
futech-487	5	5	article	article	NOUN
futech-487	5	6	history	history	NOUN
futech-487	5	7	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	5	8	received	receive	VERB
futech-487	5	9	30	30	NUM
futech-487	5	10	june	june	PROPN
futech-487	5	11	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	5	12	received	receive	VERB
futech-487	5	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	5	14	revised	revise	VERB
futech-487	5	15	form	form	NOUN
futech-487	5	16	11	11	NUM
futech-487	5	17	august	august	PROPN
futech-487	5	18	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	5	19	accepted	accept	VERB
futech-487	5	20	27	27	NUM
futech-487	5	21	august	august	PROPN
futech-487	5	22	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	5	23	keywords	keyword	NOUN
futech-487	5	24	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	5	25	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	5	26	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	5	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	5	28	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	5	29	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	5	30	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	5	31	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	5	32	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	5	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	5	34	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	5	35	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	5	36	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	5	37	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	5	38	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	5	39	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	5	40	corresponding	correspond	VERB
futech-487	5	41	author	author	NOUN
futech-487	5	42	email	email	NOUN
futech-487	5	43	address	address	NOUN
futech-487	5	44	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	5	45	hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my	hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my	PROPN
futech-487	5	46	doi	doi	PROPN
futech-487	5	47	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	5	48	10.55670	10.55670	NUM
futech-487	5	49	/	/	SYM
futech-487	5	50	fpll.futech.4.4.19	fpll.futech.4.4.19	NOUN
futech-487	5	51	a	a	DET
futech-487	5	52	b	b	PROPN
futech-487	5	53	s	s	ADP
futech-487	5	54	t	t	PROPN
futech-487	5	55	r	r	NOUN
futech-487	5	56	a	a	DET
futech-487	5	57	c	c	NOUN
futech-487	5	58	t	t	NOUN
futech-487	5	59	the	the	DET
futech-487	5	60	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	5	61	of	of	ADP
futech-487	5	62	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	5	63	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	5	64	in	in	ADP
futech-487	5	65	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	5	66	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	5	67	has	have	AUX
futech-487	5	68	revolutionized	revolutionize	VERB
futech-487	5	69	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	5	70	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	5	71	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	5	72	with	with	ADP
futech-487	5	73	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	5	74	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	5	75	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	5	76	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	5	77	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	5	78	emerging	emerge	VERB
futech-487	5	79	as	as	ADP
futech-487	5	80	promising	promising	ADJ
futech-487	5	81	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	5	82	for	for	ADP
futech-487	5	83	developing	develop	VERB
futech-487	5	84	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	5	85	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	5	86	through	through	ADP
futech-487	5	87	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	5	88	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	5	89	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	5	90	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	6	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	6	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	6	3	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	6	4	synthesized	synthesize	VERB
futech-487	6	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	6	6	from	from	ADP
futech-487	6	7	38	38	NUM
futech-487	6	8	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	6	9	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	6	10	involving	involve	VERB
futech-487	6	11	4,327	4,327	NUM
futech-487	6	12	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	6	13	to	to	PART
futech-487	6	14	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
futech-487	6	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	6	16	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	6	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	6	18	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	6	19	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	6	20	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	6	21	within	within	ADP
futech-487	6	22	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	6	23	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	6	24	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	6	25	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	6	26	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	6	27	for	for	ADP
futech-487	6	28	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	6	29	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	6	30	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	6	31	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	6	32	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
futech-487	6	33	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	7	1	following	follow	VERB
futech-487	7	2	prisma	prisma	PROPN
futech-487	7	3	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
futech-487	7	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	7	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	7	6	searches	search	NOUN
futech-487	7	7	across	across	ADP
futech-487	7	8	seven	seven	NUM
futech-487	7	9	databases	database	NOUN
futech-487	7	10	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	7	11	peer	peer	NOUN
futech-487	7	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	7	13	reviewed	review	VERB
futech-487	7	14	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	7	15	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	7	16	between	between	ADP
futech-487	7	17	2019	2019	NUM
futech-487	7	18	-	-	SYM
futech-487	7	19	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	7	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	7	21	with	with	ADP
futech-487	7	22	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	7	23	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	7	24	employing	employ	VERB
futech-487	7	25	cochrane	cochrane	NOUN
futech-487	7	26	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	7	27	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	7	28	of	of	ADP
futech-487	7	29	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	7	30	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	7	31	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	7	32	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	7	33	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	7	34	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	7	35	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	7	36	conducted	conduct	VERB
futech-487	7	37	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	7	38	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
futech-487	7	39	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	8	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	8	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	8	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	8	4	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	8	5	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	8	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	8	7	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	8	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	8	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	8	10	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	8	11	's	's	PART
futech-487	8	12	d=1.82	d=1.82	NOUN
futech-487	8	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	8	14	95	95	NUM
futech-487	8	15	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	8	16	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	8	17	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	8	18	1.65	1.65	NUM
futech-487	8	19	-	-	SYM
futech-487	8	20	1.99	1.99	NUM
futech-487	8	21	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	8	22	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	8	23	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	8	24	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	8	25	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	8	26	d=1.46	d=1.46	PROPN
futech-487	8	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	8	28	95	95	NUM
futech-487	8	29	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	8	30	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	8	31	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	8	32	1.29	1.29	NUM
futech-487	8	33	-	-	SYM
futech-487	8	34	1.63	1.63	NUM
futech-487	8	35	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	8	36	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	8	37	with	with	ADP
futech-487	8	38	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	8	39	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	8	40	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	8	41	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	8	42	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	8	43	68.4	68.4	NUM
futech-487	8	44	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	8	45	greater	great	ADJ
futech-487	8	46	gains	gain	NOUN
futech-487	8	47	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	8	48	to	to	ADP
futech-487	8	49	advanced	advanced	ADJ
futech-487	8	50	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	8	51	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	9	1	subgroup	subgroup	PROPN
futech-487	9	2	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	9	3	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	9	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	9	5	confirmed	confirm	VERB
futech-487	9	6	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	9	7	network	network	NOUN
futech-487	9	8	superiority	superiority	NOUN
futech-487	9	9	over	over	ADP
futech-487	9	10	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	9	11	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	9	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	9	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	9	14	achieving	achieve	VERB
futech-487	9	15	87.3	87.3	NUM
futech-487	9	16	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	9	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	9	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	9	19	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	9	20	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	9	21	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	10	1	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	10	2	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	10	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	10	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	10	5	asymmetrical	asymmetrical	ADJ
futech-487	10	6	distribution	distribution	NOUN
futech-487	10	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	10	8	p=0.031	p=0.031	NOUN
futech-487	10	9	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	10	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	10	11	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	10	12	trim	trim	VERB
futech-487	10	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	10	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	10	15	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	10	16	fill	fill	NOUN
futech-487	10	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	10	18	indicated	indicate	VERB
futech-487	10	19	minimal	minimal	ADJ
futech-487	10	20	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	10	21	on	on	ADP
futech-487	10	22	primary	primary	ADJ
futech-487	10	23	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
futech-487	10	24	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	11	1	cost	cost	NOUN
futech-487	11	2	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	11	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	11	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	11	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	11	6	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	11	7	advantages	advantage	NOUN
futech-487	11	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	11	9	requiring	require	VERB
futech-487	11	10	$	$	SYM
futech-487	11	11	15	15	NUM
futech-487	11	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	11	13	25	25	NUM
futech-487	11	14	per	per	ADP
futech-487	11	15	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	11	16	annually	annually	ADV
futech-487	11	17	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	11	18	to	to	ADP
futech-487	11	19	$	$	SYM
futech-487	11	20	180	180	NUM
futech-487	11	21	-	-	SYM
futech-487	11	22	240	240	NUM
futech-487	11	23	for	for	ADP
futech-487	11	24	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
futech-487	11	25	individual	individual	ADJ
futech-487	11	26	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
futech-487	11	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	12	1	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	12	2	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	12	3	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	12	4	aligned	align	VERB
futech-487	12	5	with	with	ADP
futech-487	12	6	hofstede	hofstede	NOUN
futech-487	12	7	's	's	PART
futech-487	12	8	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	12	9	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	12	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	12	11	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	12	12	east	east	ADJ
futech-487	12	13	asian	asian	ADJ
futech-487	12	14	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	12	15	showed	show	VERB
futech-487	12	16	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	12	17	completion	completion	NOUN
futech-487	12	18	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	12	19	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	12	20	lower	low	ADJ
futech-487	12	21	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	12	22	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	12	23	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
futech-487	12	24	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	12	25	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	13	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
futech-487	13	2	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	13	3	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	13	4	plateau	plateau	NOUN
futech-487	13	5	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	13	6	after	after	ADP
futech-487	13	7	4	4	NUM
futech-487	13	8	-	-	SYM
futech-487	13	9	6	6	NUM
futech-487	13	10	weeks	week	NOUN
futech-487	13	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	13	12	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	13	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	13	14	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	13	15	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	13	16	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	13	17	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	13	18	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	13	19	potential	potential	NOUN
futech-487	13	20	for	for	ADP
futech-487	13	21	enhancing	enhance	VERB
futech-487	13	22	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	13	23	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	13	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	13	25	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	13	26	optimal	optimal	ADJ
futech-487	13	27	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	13	28	requires	require	VERB
futech-487	13	29	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	13	30	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	13	31	integrating	integrate	VERB
futech-487	13	32	human	human	ADJ
futech-487	13	33	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	13	34	expertise	expertise	NOUN
futech-487	13	35	with	with	ADP
futech-487	13	36	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	13	37	affordances	affordance	NOUN
futech-487	13	38	to	to	PART
futech-487	13	39	address	address	VERB
futech-487	13	40	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	13	41	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
futech-487	13	42	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	13	43	sustained	sustained	ADJ
futech-487	13	44	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	13	45	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	13	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	14	1	1	1	X
futech-487	14	2	.	.	X
futech-487	14	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
futech-487	14	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	14	5	revolutionary	revolutionary	ADJ
futech-487	14	6	embedding	embedding	NOUN
futech-487	14	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	14	8	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	14	9	into	into	ADP
futech-487	14	10	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	14	11	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	14	12	has	have	AUX
futech-487	14	13	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
futech-487	14	14	transformed	transform	VERB
futech-487	14	15	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	14	16	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	14	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	14	18	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	14	19	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
futech-487	14	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	14	21	with	with	ADP
futech-487	14	22	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	14	23	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	14	24	experiencing	experience	VERB
futech-487	14	25	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	14	26	profound	profound	ADJ
futech-487	14	27	changes	change	NOUN
futech-487	14	28	through	through	ADP
futech-487	14	29	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	14	30	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	14	31	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	14	32	assisted	assist	VERB
futech-487	14	33	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	14	34	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	14	35	that	that	PRON
futech-487	14	36	have	have	AUX
futech-487	14	37	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	14	38	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	14	39	potential	potential	NOUN
futech-487	14	40	in	in	ADP
futech-487	14	41	improving	improve	VERB
futech-487	14	42	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	14	43	speaking	speaking	NOUN
futech-487	14	44	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	14	45	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	14	46	promoting	promote	VERB
futech-487	14	47	changes	change	NOUN
futech-487	14	48	in	in	ADP
futech-487	14	49	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	14	50	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	14	51	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	14	52	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	14	53	[	[	X
futech-487	14	54	1	1	NUM
futech-487	14	55	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	14	56	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	15	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	15	2	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	15	3	evolution	evolution	NOUN
futech-487	15	4	aligns	align	VERB
futech-487	15	5	with	with	ADP
futech-487	15	6	broader	broad	ADJ
futech-487	15	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	15	8	observed	observe	VERB
futech-487	15	9	in	in	ADP
futech-487	15	10	the	the	DET
futech-487	15	11	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	15	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	15	13	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	15	14	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	15	15	within	within	ADP
futech-487	15	16	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	15	17	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	15	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	15	19	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	15	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	15	21	navigate	navigate	VERB
futech-487	15	22	evolving	evolve	VERB
futech-487	15	23	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
futech-487	15	24	on	on	ADP
futech-487	15	25	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	15	26	's	's	PART
futech-487	15	27	role	role	NOUN
futech-487	15	28	in	in	ADP
futech-487	15	29	enhancing	enhance	VERB
futech-487	15	30	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	15	31	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	15	32	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	15	33	[	[	X
futech-487	15	34	2	2	NUM
futech-487	15	35	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	15	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	16	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	16	2	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	16	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	16	4	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	16	5	into	into	ADP
futech-487	16	6	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	16	7	goes	go	VERB
futech-487	16	8	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	16	9	the	the	DET
futech-487	16	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	16	11	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	16	12	to	to	ADP
futech-487	16	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	16	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	16	15	supports	support	VERB
futech-487	16	16	individualised	individualised	ADJ
futech-487	16	17	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	16	18	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	16	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	16	20	according	accord	VERB
futech-487	16	21	to	to	ADP
futech-487	16	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
futech-487	16	23	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	16	24	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	16	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	16	26	including	include	VERB
futech-487	16	27	children	child	NOUN
futech-487	16	28	with	with	ADP
futech-487	16	29	special	special	ADJ
futech-487	16	30	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	16	31	needs	need	VERB
futech-487	16	32	[	[	X
futech-487	16	33	3	3	NUM
futech-487	16	34	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	16	35	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	17	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	17	2	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	17	3	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	17	4	is	be	AUX
futech-487	17	5	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	17	6	than	than	ADP
futech-487	17	7	just	just	ADV
futech-487	17	8	a	a	DET
futech-487	17	9	digitisation	digitisation	NOUN
futech-487	17	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	17	11	digitalisation	digitalisation	NOUN
futech-487	17	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	17	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	17	14	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	17	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	17	16	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	17	17	ai	ai	INTJ
futech-487	17	18	has	have	VERB
futech-487	17	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	17	20	capability	capability	NOUN
futech-487	17	21	to	to	PART
futech-487	17	22	revolutionise	revolutionise	VERB
futech-487	17	23	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	17	24	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	17	25	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	17	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	17	27	offering	offer	VERB
futech-487	17	28	tailored	tailored	ADJ
futech-487	17	29	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	17	30	experiences	experience	NOUN
futech-487	17	31	based	base	VERB
futech-487	17	32	upon	upon	SCONJ
futech-487	17	33	the	the	DET
futech-487	17	34	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	17	35	’s	’s	PART
futech-487	17	36	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	17	37	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	17	38	preferences	preference	NOUN
futech-487	17	39	[	[	X
futech-487	17	40	4	4	NUM
futech-487	17	41	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	17	42	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	18	1	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	18	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	18	3	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	18	4	have	have	AUX
futech-487	18	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	18	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	18	7	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
futech-487	18	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	18	9	aisupported	aisupporte	VERB
futech-487	18	10	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	18	11	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	18	12	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	18	13	to	to	PART
futech-487	18	14	improve	improve	VERB
futech-487	18	15	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	18	16	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	18	17	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	18	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	19	1	ai	ai	AUX
futech-487	19	2	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	19	3	promotes	promote	VERB
futech-487	19	4	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	19	5	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
futech-487	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	19	7	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	19	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	19	10	general	general	ADJ
futech-487	19	11	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	19	12	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	19	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	19	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	19	15	especially	especially	ADV
futech-487	19	16	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	19	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	19	18	reading	read	VERB
futech-487	19	19	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	19	20	under	under	ADP
futech-487	19	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	19	22	tblt	tblt	ADJ
futech-487	19	23	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	20	1	[	[	X
futech-487	20	2	5	5	NUM
futech-487	20	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	20	4	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	21	1	open	open	ADJ
futech-487	21	2	access	access	PROPN
futech-487	21	3	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	21	4	issn	issn	PROPN
futech-487	21	5	2832	2832	NUM
futech-487	21	6	-	-	SYM
futech-487	21	7	0379	0379	NUM
futech-487	21	8	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	21	9	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	21	10	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	21	11	04	04	NUM
futech-487	22	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	22	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	22	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	23	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	23	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	23	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	23	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	23	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	23	6	https://doi.org/10.55670/fpll.futech.4.4.19	https://doi.org/10.55670/fpll.futech.4.4.19	PROPN
futech-487	23	7	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	23	8	homepage	homepage	NOUN
futech-487	23	9	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	23	10	https://fupubco.com/futech	https://fupubco.com/futech	PROPN
futech-487	23	11	future	future	ADJ
futech-487	23	12	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	23	13	mailto:hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my	mailto:hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my	NOUN
futech-487	23	14	https://doi.org/10.55670/fpll.futech.4.4.19	https://doi.org/10.55670/fpll.futech.4.4.19	PROPN
futech-487	23	15	https://fupubco.com/futech	https://fupubco.com/futech	PROPN
futech-487	23	16	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	23	17	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	23	18	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	23	19	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	23	20	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	23	21	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	23	22	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	23	23	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	23	24	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	24	1	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	24	2	04	04	NUM
futech-487	25	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	25	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	25	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	26	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	26	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	26	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	26	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	26	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	26	6	229	229	NUM
futech-487	26	7	another	another	DET
futech-487	26	8	broader	broad	ADJ
futech-487	26	9	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	26	10	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	27	1	[	[	X
futech-487	27	2	6	6	NUM
futech-487	27	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	27	4	on	on	ADP
futech-487	27	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	27	6	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	27	7	trend	trend	NOUN
futech-487	27	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	27	9	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	27	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	27	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	27	12	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	27	13	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	27	14	also	also	ADV
futech-487	27	15	indicated	indicate	VERB
futech-487	27	16	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	27	17	aisupported	aisupporte	VERB
futech-487	27	18	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	27	19	can	can	AUX
futech-487	27	20	be	be	AUX
futech-487	27	21	especially	especially	ADV
futech-487	27	22	progressive	progressive	ADJ
futech-487	27	23	in	in	ADP
futech-487	27	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	27	25	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	27	26	of	of	ADP
futech-487	27	27	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	27	28	’	'	PUNCT
futech-487	27	29	writing	write	VERB
futech-487	27	30	skill	skill	NOUN
futech-487	27	31	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	27	32	both	both	CCONJ
futech-487	27	33	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
futech-487	27	34	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	27	35	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	27	36	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	27	37	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	27	38	as	as	ADV
futech-487	27	39	well	well	ADV
futech-487	27	40	as	as	ADP
futech-487	27	41	the	the	DET
futech-487	27	42	positive	positive	ADJ
futech-487	27	43	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	27	44	on	on	ADP
futech-487	27	45	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	27	46	’	'	PUNCT
futech-487	27	47	willingness	willingness	NOUN
futech-487	27	48	to	to	PART
futech-487	27	49	communicate	communicate	VERB
futech-487	27	50	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	27	51	reduction	reduction	NOUN
futech-487	27	52	of	of	ADP
futech-487	27	53	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
futech-487	27	54	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	27	55	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	27	56	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	27	57	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	28	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	28	2	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	28	3	state	state	NOUN
futech-487	28	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	28	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	28	6	art	art	NOUN
futech-487	28	7	in	in	ADP
futech-487	28	8	ai	ai	PROPN
futech-487	28	9	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	28	10	software	software	NOUN
futech-487	28	11	includes	include	VERB
futech-487	28	12	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
futech-487	28	13	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
futech-487	28	14	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	28	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	28	16	natural	natural	ADJ
futech-487	28	17	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	28	18	processing	processing	NOUN
futech-487	28	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	28	20	as	as	ADV
futech-487	28	21	well	well	ADV
futech-487	28	22	as	as	ADP
futech-487	28	23	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	28	24	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	28	25	platforms	platform	NOUN
futech-487	28	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	28	27	which	which	PRON
futech-487	28	28	edit	edit	VERB
futech-487	28	29	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	28	30	personalize	personalize	VERB
futech-487	28	31	content	content	NOUN
futech-487	28	32	delivery	delivery	NOUN
futech-487	28	33	based	base	VERB
futech-487	28	34	on	on	ADP
futech-487	28	35	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	28	36	metrics	metric	NOUN
futech-487	28	37	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	28	38	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	28	39	abilities	ability	NOUN
futech-487	28	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	28	41	presenting	present	VERB
futech-487	28	42	a	a	DET
futech-487	28	43	new	new	ADJ
futech-487	28	44	prospect	prospect	NOUN
futech-487	28	45	for	for	ADP
futech-487	28	46	scalable	scalable	ADJ
futech-487	28	47	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	28	48	individualized	individualized	ADJ
futech-487	28	49	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	28	50	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	28	51	to	to	PART
futech-487	28	52	meet	meet	VERB
futech-487	28	53	the	the	DET
futech-487	28	54	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	28	55	need	need	NOUN
futech-487	28	56	of	of	ADP
futech-487	28	57	a	a	DET
futech-487	28	58	variety	variety	NOUN
futech-487	28	59	of	of	ADP
futech-487	28	60	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	28	61	across	across	ADP
futech-487	28	62	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	28	63	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	28	64	of	of	ADP
futech-487	28	65	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	28	66	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	28	67	contexts	context	NOUN
futech-487	28	68	[	[	X
futech-487	28	69	7	7	NUM
futech-487	28	70	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	28	71	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	29	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	29	2	speaking	speaking	NOUN
futech-487	29	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	29	4	in	in	ADP
futech-487	29	5	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	29	6	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	29	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	29	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	29	9	within	within	ADP
futech-487	29	10	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	29	11	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	29	12	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	29	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	29	14	confronts	confront	VERB
futech-487	29	15	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
futech-487	29	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	29	17	that	that	PRON
futech-487	29	18	underscore	underscore	VERB
futech-487	29	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	29	20	necessity	necessity	NOUN
futech-487	29	21	for	for	ADP
futech-487	29	22	innovative	innovative	ADJ
futech-487	29	23	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	29	24	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	29	25	grounded	ground	VERB
futech-487	29	26	in	in	ADP
futech-487	29	27	robust	robust	ADJ
futech-487	29	28	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	29	29	foundations	foundation	NOUN
futech-487	29	30	[	[	X
futech-487	29	31	8	8	NUM
futech-487	29	32	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	29	33	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	30	1	due	due	ADP
futech-487	30	2	to	to	ADP
futech-487	30	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	30	4	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
futech-487	30	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	30	6	an	an	DET
futech-487	30	7	examoriented	examoriented	ADJ
futech-487	30	8	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	30	9	to	to	ADP
futech-487	30	10	l2	l2	VERB
futech-487	30	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	30	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	30	13	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	30	14	'	'	PART
futech-487	30	15	oral	oral	ADJ
futech-487	30	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	30	17	in	in	ADP
futech-487	30	18	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	30	19	is	be	AUX
futech-487	30	20	still	still	ADV
futech-487	30	21	unsatisfactory	unsatisfactory	ADJ
futech-487	30	22	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	30	23	with	with	ADP
futech-487	30	24	their	their	PRON
futech-487	30	25	written	write	VERB
futech-487	30	26	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	30	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	30	28	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	30	29	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	30	30	factors	factor	NOUN
futech-487	30	31	compound	compound	VERB
futech-487	30	32	these	these	DET
futech-487	30	33	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
futech-487	30	34	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	30	35	influenced	influence	VERB
futech-487	30	36	by	by	ADP
futech-487	30	37	the	the	DET
futech-487	30	38	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	30	39	confucian	confucian	ADJ
futech-487	30	40	culture	culture	NOUN
futech-487	30	41	which	which	PRON
futech-487	30	42	prioritizes	prioritize	VERB
futech-487	30	43	golden	golden	ADJ
futech-487	30	44	silence	silence	NOUN
futech-487	30	45	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	30	46	places	place	VERB
futech-487	30	47	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	30	48	respect	respect	NOUN
futech-487	30	49	for	for	ADP
futech-487	30	50	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	30	51	'	'	PART
futech-487	30	52	authority	authority	NOUN
futech-487	30	53	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	30	54	chinese	chinese	ADJ
futech-487	30	55	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	30	56	are	be	AUX
futech-487	30	57	usually	usually	ADV
futech-487	30	58	reluctant	reluctant	ADJ
futech-487	30	59	to	to	PART
futech-487	30	60	speak	speak	VERB
futech-487	30	61	out	out	ADP
futech-487	30	62	their	their	PRON
futech-487	30	63	ideas	idea	NOUN
futech-487	30	64	actively	actively	ADV
futech-487	30	65	in	in	ADP
futech-487	30	66	class	class	NOUN
futech-487	30	67	[	[	X
futech-487	30	68	9	9	NUM
futech-487	30	69	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	30	70	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	31	1	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	31	2	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	31	3	has	have	AUX
futech-487	31	4	explored	explore	VERB
futech-487	31	5	various	various	ADJ
futech-487	31	6	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	31	7	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	31	8	driven	drive	VERB
futech-487	31	9	solutions	solution	NOUN
futech-487	31	10	to	to	PART
futech-487	31	11	address	address	VERB
futech-487	31	12	these	these	DET
futech-487	31	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	31	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	32	1	a	a	DET
futech-487	32	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	32	3	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	32	4	analyzing	analyze	VERB
futech-487	32	5	78	78	NUM
futech-487	32	6	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	32	7	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	32	8	between	between	ADP
futech-487	32	9	2019	2019	NUM
futech-487	32	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	32	11	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	32	12	found	find	VERB
futech-487	32	13	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	32	14	the	the	DET
futech-487	32	15	most	most	ADV
futech-487	32	16	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	32	17	production	production	NOUN
futech-487	32	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	32	19	scientific	scientific	ADJ
futech-487	32	20	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	32	21	on	on	ADP
futech-487	32	22	aipersonalized	aipersonalized	ADJ
futech-487	32	23	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	32	24	comes	come	VERB
futech-487	32	25	from	from	ADP
futech-487	32	26	china	china	PROPN
futech-487	32	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	32	28	india	india	PROPN
futech-487	32	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	32	30	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	32	31	the	the	DET
futech-487	32	32	united	united	PROPN
futech-487	32	33	states	states	PROPN
futech-487	32	34	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	32	35	with	with	ADP
futech-487	32	36	a	a	DET
futech-487	32	37	focus	focus	NOUN
futech-487	32	38	mainly	mainly	ADV
futech-487	32	39	directed	direct	VERB
futech-487	32	40	towards	towards	ADP
futech-487	32	41	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	32	42	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	32	43	[	[	X
futech-487	32	44	10	10	NUM
futech-487	32	45	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	32	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	33	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	33	2	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	33	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	33	4	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	33	5	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	33	6	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	33	7	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	33	8	predominate	predominate	ADJ
futech-487	33	9	in	in	ADP
futech-487	33	10	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	33	11	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	33	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	33	13	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	33	14	there	there	PRON
futech-487	33	15	is	be	VERB
futech-487	33	16	growing	grow	VERB
futech-487	33	17	interest	interest	NOUN
futech-487	33	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	33	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	33	20	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	33	21	of	of	ADP
futech-487	33	22	generative	generative	ADJ
futech-487	33	23	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	33	24	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	33	25	[	[	X
futech-487	33	26	11	11	NUM
futech-487	33	27	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	33	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	34	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
futech-487	34	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	34	3	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	34	4	has	have	AUX
futech-487	34	5	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	34	6	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	34	7	aimediated	aimediate	VERB
futech-487	34	8	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	34	9	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	34	10	can	can	AUX
futech-487	34	11	significantly	significantly	ADV
futech-487	34	12	impact	impact	VERB
futech-487	34	13	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	34	14	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	34	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
futech-487	34	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	34	17	l2	l2	NOUN
futech-487	34	18	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	34	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	34	20	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	34	21	selfregulated	selfregulated	ADJ
futech-487	34	22	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	34	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	34	24	with	with	ADP
futech-487	34	25	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	34	26	groups	group	NOUN
futech-487	34	27	using	use	VERB
futech-487	34	28	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	34	29	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	34	30	outperforming	outperform	VERB
futech-487	34	31	control	control	NOUN
futech-487	34	32	groups	group	NOUN
futech-487	34	33	in	in	ADP
futech-487	34	34	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	34	35	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	34	36	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	34	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	35	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	35	2	systemic	systemic	ADJ
futech-487	35	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	35	4	necessitate	necessitate	ADJ
futech-487	35	5	a	a	DET
futech-487	35	6	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
futech-487	35	7	shift	shift	NOUN
futech-487	35	8	toward	toward	ADP
futech-487	35	9	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	35	10	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	35	11	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	35	12	that	that	PRON
futech-487	35	13	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
futech-487	35	14	individual	individual	ADJ
futech-487	35	15	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	35	16	differences	difference	NOUN
futech-487	35	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	35	18	leverage	leverage	NOUN
futech-487	35	19	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	35	20	to	to	PART
futech-487	35	21	create	create	VERB
futech-487	35	22	supportive	supportive	ADJ
futech-487	35	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	35	24	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	35	25	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	35	26	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	35	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	36	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	36	2	emergence	emergence	NOUN
futech-487	36	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	36	4	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	36	5	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	36	6	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	36	7	is	be	AUX
futech-487	36	8	due	due	ADJ
futech-487	36	9	to	to	ADP
futech-487	36	10	the	the	DET
futech-487	36	11	rise	rise	NOUN
futech-487	36	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	36	13	big	big	ADJ
futech-487	36	14	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	36	15	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	36	16	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	37	1	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	37	2	is	be	AUX
futech-487	37	3	generated	generate	VERB
futech-487	37	4	in	in	ADP
futech-487	37	5	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	37	6	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	37	7	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	37	8	ways	way	NOUN
futech-487	37	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	37	10	at	at	ADP
futech-487	37	11	a	a	DET
futech-487	37	12	faster	fast	ADJ
futech-487	37	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	37	14	faster	fast	ADJ
futech-487	37	15	speed	speed	NOUN
futech-487	37	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	37	17	which	which	PRON
futech-487	37	18	has	have	AUX
futech-487	37	19	spawned	spawn	VERB
futech-487	37	20	data	data	NOUN
futech-487	37	21	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	37	22	intensive	intensive	ADJ
futech-487	37	23	science	science	NOUN
futech-487	37	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	37	25	the	the	DET
futech-487	37	26	fourth	fourth	ADJ
futech-487	37	27	scientific	scientific	ADJ
futech-487	37	28	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	37	29	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
futech-487	37	30	[	[	X
futech-487	37	31	12	12	NUM
futech-487	37	32	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	37	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	37	34	enabling	enable	VERB
futech-487	37	35	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	37	36	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	37	37	to	to	PART
futech-487	37	38	respond	respond	VERB
futech-487	37	39	dynamically	dynamically	ADV
futech-487	37	40	to	to	ADP
futech-487	37	41	individual	individual	ADJ
futech-487	37	42	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	37	43	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	37	44	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	37	45	maintaining	maintain	VERB
futech-487	37	46	scalability	scalability	NOUN
futech-487	37	47	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	37	48	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	37	49	across	across	ADP
futech-487	37	50	diverse	diverse	ADJ
futech-487	37	51	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	37	52	populations	population	NOUN
futech-487	37	53	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	38	1	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	38	2	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	38	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	38	4	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	38	5	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	38	6	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	38	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	38	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
futech-487	38	9	load	load	NOUN
futech-487	38	10	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	38	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	38	12	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	38	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	38	14	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	38	15	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
futech-487	38	16	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	38	17	offers	offer	VERB
futech-487	38	18	a	a	DET
futech-487	38	19	unified	unified	ADJ
futech-487	38	20	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	38	21	for	for	ADP
futech-487	38	22	the	the	DET
futech-487	38	23	utility	utility	NOUN
futech-487	38	24	of	of	ADP
futech-487	38	25	effective	effective	ADJ
futech-487	38	26	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	38	27	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	38	28	based	base	VERB
futech-487	38	29	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	38	30	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	38	31	in	in	ADP
futech-487	38	32	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	38	33	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	38	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	39	1	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	39	2	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	39	3	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	39	4	is	be	AUX
futech-487	39	5	an	an	DET
futech-487	39	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
futech-487	39	7	method	method	NOUN
futech-487	39	8	that	that	PRON
futech-487	39	9	adapts	adapt	VERB
futech-487	39	10	the	the	DET
futech-487	39	11	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	39	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	39	13	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	39	14	content	content	NOUN
futech-487	39	15	based	base	VERB
futech-487	39	16	on	on	ADP
futech-487	39	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	39	18	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	39	19	style	style	NOUN
futech-487	39	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	39	21	each	each	DET
futech-487	39	22	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	39	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	40	1	by	by	ADP
futech-487	40	2	using	use	VERB
futech-487	40	3	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	40	4	to	to	PART
futech-487	40	5	structure	structure	VERB
futech-487	40	6	their	their	PRON
futech-487	40	7	personalised	personalised	ADJ
futech-487	40	8	journey	journey	NOUN
futech-487	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	40	10	educators	educator	NOUN
futech-487	40	11	consider	consider	VERB
futech-487	40	12	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	40	13	aptitudes	aptitude	NOUN
futech-487	40	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	40	15	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	40	16	rather	rather	ADV
futech-487	40	17	than	than	ADP
futech-487	40	18	fitting	fit	VERB
futech-487	40	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	40	20	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	40	21	into	into	ADP
futech-487	40	22	a	a	DET
futech-487	40	23	set	set	ADJ
futech-487	40	24	structure	structure	NOUN
futech-487	40	25	[	[	X
futech-487	40	26	13	13	NUM
futech-487	40	27	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	40	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	41	1	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	41	2	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	41	3	have	have	AUX
futech-487	41	4	proved	prove	VERB
futech-487	41	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	41	6	applicability	applicability	NOUN
futech-487	41	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	41	8	these	these	DET
futech-487	41	9	theories	theory	NOUN
futech-487	41	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	41	11	ai	ai	ADV
futech-487	41	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	41	13	supported	support	VERB
futech-487	41	14	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	41	15	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	41	16	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	41	17	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	41	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	42	1	crompton	crompton	PROPN
futech-487	43	1	[	[	X
futech-487	43	2	14	14	NUM
futech-487	43	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	43	4	reports	report	NOUN
futech-487	43	5	that	that	PRON
futech-487	43	6	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	43	7	in	in	ADP
futech-487	43	8	the	the	DET
futech-487	43	9	context	context	NOUN
futech-487	43	10	of	of	ADP
futech-487	43	11	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	43	12	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	43	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	43	14	offers	offer	VERB
futech-487	43	15	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
futech-487	43	16	affordances	affordance	NOUN
futech-487	43	17	in	in	ADP
futech-487	43	18	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	43	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	20	writing	writing	NOUN
futech-487	43	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	22	reading	reading	NOUN
futech-487	43	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	24	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
futech-487	43	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	26	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	43	27	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	43	28	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	43	29	regulation	regulation	NOUN
futech-487	43	30	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	43	31	however	however	ADV
futech-487	43	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	33	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	43	34	persist	persist	VERB
futech-487	43	35	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	36	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	43	37	as	as	ADP
futech-487	43	38	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	43	39	failure	failure	NOUN
futech-487	43	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	41	lack	lack	NOUN
futech-487	43	42	of	of	ADP
futech-487	43	43	functionality	functionality	NOUN
futech-487	43	44	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	45	fear	fear	NOUN
futech-487	43	46	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	43	47	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	43	48	standardizing	standardize	VERB
futech-487	43	49	the	the	DET
futech-487	43	50	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	43	51	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	44	1	based	base	VERB
futech-487	44	2	on	on	ADP
futech-487	44	3	a	a	DET
futech-487	44	4	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	44	5	42	42	NUM
futech-487	44	6	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	44	7	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	44	8	were	be	AUX
futech-487	44	9	reviewed	review	VERB
futech-487	44	10	according	accord	VERB
futech-487	44	11	to	to	ADP
futech-487	44	12	prisma	prisma	PROPN
futech-487	44	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	44	14	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	44	15	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	44	16	writing	writing	NOUN
futech-487	44	17	were	be	AUX
futech-487	44	18	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	44	19	as	as	ADP
futech-487	44	20	the	the	DET
futech-487	44	21	primary	primary	ADJ
futech-487	44	22	targeted	target	VERB
futech-487	44	23	domains	domain	NOUN
futech-487	44	24	of	of	ADP
futech-487	44	25	ai	ai	PROPN
futech-487	44	26	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	44	27	for	for	ADP
futech-487	44	28	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	44	29	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	44	30	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	45	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	45	2	personalisation	personalisation	NOUN
futech-487	45	3	is	be	AUX
futech-487	45	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	45	5	with	with	ADP
futech-487	45	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	45	7	principles	principle	NOUN
futech-487	45	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	45	9	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
futech-487	45	10	load	load	NOUN
futech-487	45	11	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	45	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	45	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	45	14	which	which	PRON
futech-487	45	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	45	16	presentation	presentation	NOUN
futech-487	45	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	45	18	the	the	DET
futech-487	45	19	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	45	20	materials	material	NOUN
futech-487	45	21	is	be	AUX
futech-487	45	22	optimised	optimise	VERB
futech-487	45	23	according	accord	VERB
futech-487	45	24	to	to	ADP
futech-487	45	25	the	the	DET
futech-487	45	26	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	45	27	’s	’s	PART
futech-487	45	28	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
futech-487	45	29	processing	processing	NOUN
futech-487	45	30	ability	ability	NOUN
futech-487	45	31	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	45	32	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	45	33	comes	come	VERB
futech-487	45	34	at	at	ADP
futech-487	45	35	a	a	DET
futech-487	45	36	time	time	NOUN
futech-487	45	37	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	45	38	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	45	39	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	45	40	are	be	AUX
futech-487	45	41	being	be	AUX
futech-487	45	42	used	use	VERB
futech-487	45	43	more	more	ADV
futech-487	45	44	frequently	frequently	ADV
futech-487	45	45	to	to	PART
futech-487	45	46	support	support	VERB
futech-487	45	47	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	45	48	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	45	49	regulated	regulate	VERB
futech-487	45	50	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	45	51	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	45	52	srl	srl	PROPN
futech-487	45	53	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	45	54	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	45	55	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	45	56	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	45	57	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	45	58	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	45	59	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	45	60	alt	alt	ADJ
futech-487	45	61	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	45	62	is	be	AUX
futech-487	45	63	becoming	become	VERB
futech-487	45	64	more	more	ADV
futech-487	45	65	important	important	ADJ
futech-487	45	66	as	as	ADP
futech-487	45	67	a	a	DET
futech-487	45	68	way	way	NOUN
futech-487	45	69	to	to	PART
futech-487	45	70	provide	provide	VERB
futech-487	45	71	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	45	72	with	with	ADP
futech-487	45	73	personalised	personalised	ADJ
futech-487	45	74	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	45	75	[	[	X
futech-487	45	76	15	15	NUM
futech-487	45	77	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	45	78	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	46	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	46	2	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	46	3	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
futech-487	46	4	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	46	5	additionally	additionally	ADV
futech-487	46	6	explains	explain	VERB
futech-487	46	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	46	8	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
futech-487	46	9	under	under	ADP
futech-487	46	10	which	which	PRON
futech-487	46	11	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	46	12	adopt	adopt	VERB
futech-487	46	13	these	these	DET
futech-487	46	14	innovations	innovation	NOUN
futech-487	46	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	47	1	perceived	perceive	VERB
futech-487	47	2	usefulness	usefulness	NOUN
futech-487	47	3	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	47	4	ease	ease	NOUN
futech-487	47	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	47	6	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	47	7	are	be	AUX
futech-487	47	8	important	important	ADJ
futech-487	47	9	determinants	determinant	NOUN
futech-487	47	10	of	of	ADP
futech-487	47	11	user	user	NOUN
futech-487	47	12	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
futech-487	47	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	47	14	continued	continued	ADJ
futech-487	47	15	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	47	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	47	17	aidriven	aidriven	ADJ
futech-487	47	18	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	47	19	platforms	platform	NOUN
futech-487	47	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	48	1	it	it	PRON
futech-487	48	2	is	be	AUX
futech-487	48	3	a	a	DET
futech-487	48	4	synergistic	synergistic	ADJ
futech-487	48	5	construct	construct	NOUN
futech-487	48	6	that	that	PRON
futech-487	48	7	considers	consider	VERB
futech-487	48	8	both	both	PRON
futech-487	48	9	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	48	10	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
futech-487	48	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	48	12	user	user	NOUN
futech-487	48	13	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
futech-487	48	14	in	in	ADP
futech-487	48	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	48	16	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	48	17	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	48	18	enhanced	enhance	VERB
futech-487	48	19	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	48	20	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	48	21	context	context	NOUN
futech-487	48	22	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	49	1	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	49	2	examination	examination	NOUN
futech-487	49	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	49	4	existing	exist	VERB
futech-487	49	5	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	49	6	reveals	reveal	VERB
futech-487	49	7	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	49	8	gaps	gap	NOUN
futech-487	49	9	in	in	ADP
futech-487	49	10	understanding	understand	VERB
futech-487	49	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	49	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	49	13	of	of	ADP
futech-487	49	14	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	49	15	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	49	16	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	49	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	49	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	49	19	regarding	regard	VERB
futech-487	49	20	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	49	21	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	49	22	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	49	23	for	for	ADP
futech-487	49	24	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	49	25	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	49	26	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	49	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	49	28	despite	despite	SCONJ
futech-487	49	29	growing	grow	VERB
futech-487	49	30	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	49	31	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	49	32	innovative	innovative	ADJ
futech-487	49	33	social	social	ADJ
futech-487	49	34	media	medium	NOUN
futech-487	49	35	platforms	platform	NOUN
futech-487	49	36	can	can	AUX
futech-487	49	37	serve	serve	VERB
futech-487	49	38	as	as	ADP
futech-487	49	39	effective	effective	ADJ
futech-487	49	40	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	49	41	for	for	ADP
futech-487	49	42	improving	improve	VERB
futech-487	49	43	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
futech-487	49	44	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	49	45	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	49	46	building	building	NOUN
futech-487	49	47	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	49	48	in	in	ADP
futech-487	49	49	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	49	50	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	49	51	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	49	52	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	49	53	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	49	54	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	49	55	through	through	ADP
futech-487	49	56	quasiexperimental	quasiexperimental	ADJ
futech-487	49	57	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	49	58	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	49	59	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
futech-487	49	60	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	49	61	in	in	ADP
futech-487	49	62	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	49	63	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	49	64	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	49	65	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	49	66	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	49	67	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	49	68	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	49	69	positive	positive	ADJ
futech-487	49	70	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
futech-487	49	71	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	49	72	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	49	73	were	be	AUX
futech-487	49	74	observed	observe	VERB
futech-487	49	75	[	[	X
futech-487	49	76	16	16	NUM
futech-487	49	77	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	49	78	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	50	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	50	2	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	50	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
futech-487	50	4	untapped	untapped	ADJ
futech-487	50	5	potential	potential	NOUN
futech-487	50	6	for	for	ADP
futech-487	50	7	leveraging	leverage	VERB
futech-487	50	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
futech-487	50	9	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	50	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
futech-487	50	11	in	in	ADP
futech-487	50	12	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	50	13	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	50	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	50	15	yet	yet	CCONJ
futech-487	50	16	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	50	17	investigation	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	50	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	50	19	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	50	20	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	50	21	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	50	22	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	50	23	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	50	24	'	'	PART
futech-487	50	25	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	50	26	affordances	affordance	NOUN
futech-487	50	27	remains	remain	VERB
futech-487	50	28	limited	limited	ADJ
futech-487	50	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	50	30	highlighting	highlight	VERB
futech-487	50	31	the	the	DET
futech-487	50	32	need	need	NOUN
futech-487	50	33	for	for	ADP
futech-487	50	34	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	50	35	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	50	36	examination	examination	NOUN
futech-487	50	37	of	of	ADP
futech-487	50	38	their	their	PRON
futech-487	50	39	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	50	40	in	in	ADP
futech-487	50	41	professional	professional	ADJ
futech-487	50	42	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	50	43	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	50	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	51	1	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	51	2	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	51	3	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	51	4	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	51	5	have	have	AUX
futech-487	51	6	explored	explore	VERB
futech-487	51	7	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	51	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	51	9	for	for	ADP
futech-487	51	10	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	51	11	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	51	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	51	13	limited	limited	ADJ
futech-487	51	14	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	51	15	has	have	AUX
futech-487	51	16	specifically	specifically	ADV
futech-487	51	17	examined	examine	VERB
futech-487	51	18	ai	ai	PRON
futech-487	51	19	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	51	20	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	51	21	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	52	1	a	a	DET
futech-487	52	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	52	3	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	52	4	by	by	ADP
futech-487	52	5	du	du	PROPN
futech-487	52	6	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	52	7	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	52	8	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	53	1	[	[	X
futech-487	53	2	17	17	NUM
futech-487	53	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	53	4	on	on	ADP
futech-487	53	5	ai	ai	PROPN
futech-487	53	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	53	7	for	for	ADP
futech-487	53	8	englishspeaking	englishspeake	VERB
futech-487	53	9	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	53	10	found	find	VERB
futech-487	53	11	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	53	12	despite	despite	SCONJ
futech-487	53	13	increasing	increase	VERB
futech-487	53	14	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	53	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	53	16	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	53	17	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	53	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	53	19	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	53	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	53	21	limited	limited	ADJ
futech-487	53	22	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	53	23	has	have	AUX
futech-487	53	24	explored	explore	VERB
futech-487	53	25	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	53	26	to	to	PART
futech-487	53	27	develop	develop	VERB
futech-487	53	28	the	the	DET
futech-487	53	29	merits	merit	NOUN
futech-487	53	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	53	31	these	these	DET
futech-487	53	32	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	53	33	in	in	ADP
futech-487	53	34	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	53	35	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	53	36	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	53	37	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	53	38	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	53	39	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	53	40	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	54	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	54	2	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	54	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	54	4	24	24	NUM
futech-487	54	5	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	54	6	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	54	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
futech-487	54	8	between	between	ADP
futech-487	54	9	2017	2017	NUM
futech-487	54	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	54	11	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	54	12	suggests	suggest	VERB
futech-487	54	13	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	54	14	the	the	DET
futech-487	54	15	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	54	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	54	17	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	54	18	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	54	19	was	be	AUX
futech-487	54	20	intended	intend	VERB
futech-487	54	21	to	to	PART
futech-487	54	22	speed	speed	VERB
futech-487	54	23	up	up	ADP
futech-487	54	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	54	25	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	54	26	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	54	27	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	54	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	54	29	assist	assist	VERB
futech-487	54	30	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	54	31	in	in	ADP
futech-487	54	32	meeting	meet	VERB
futech-487	54	33	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN
futech-487	54	34	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	54	35	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	54	36	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	54	37	cefr	cefr	ADJ
futech-487	54	38	common	common	ADJ
futech-487	54	39	european	european	ADJ
futech-487	54	40	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	54	41	of	of	ADP
futech-487	54	42	reference	reference	NOUN
futech-487	54	43	for	for	ADP
futech-487	54	44	languages	language	NOUN
futech-487	54	45	casp	casp	VERB
futech-487	54	46	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	54	47	appraisal	appraisal	NOUN
futech-487	54	48	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	54	49	programme	programme	NOUN
futech-487	54	50	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	54	51	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	54	52	as	as	ADP
futech-487	54	53	a	a	DET
futech-487	54	54	second	second	ADJ
futech-487	54	55	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	54	56	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	54	57	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	54	58	as	as	ADP
futech-487	54	59	a	a	DET
futech-487	54	60	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	54	61	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	54	62	esp	esp	ADJ
futech-487	54	63	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	54	64	for	for	ADP
futech-487	54	65	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	54	66	purposes	purpose	NOUN
futech-487	54	67	grade	grade	NOUN
futech-487	54	68	common	common	ADJ
futech-487	54	69	european	european	ADJ
futech-487	54	70	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	54	71	of	of	ADP
futech-487	54	72	reference	reference	NOUN
futech-487	54	73	for	for	ADP
futech-487	54	74	languages	language	NOUN
futech-487	54	75	irt	irt	VERB
futech-487	54	76	item	item	NOUN
futech-487	54	77	response	response	NOUN
futech-487	54	78	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	54	79	jbi	jbi	VERB
futech-487	54	80	joanna	joanna	PROPN
futech-487	54	81	briggs	briggs	PROPN
futech-487	54	82	institute	institute	PROPN
futech-487	54	83	mmat	mmat	ADJ
futech-487	54	84	mixed	mixed	ADJ
futech-487	54	85	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	54	86	appraisal	appraisal	NOUN
futech-487	54	87	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	54	88	rnn	rnn	VERB
futech-487	54	89	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
futech-487	54	90	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	54	91	networks	network	NOUN
futech-487	54	92	srl	srl	PROPN
futech-487	54	93	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	54	94	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	54	95	regulated	regulate	VERB
futech-487	54	96	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	54	97	tblt	tblt	PROPN
futech-487	54	98	task	task	NOUN
futech-487	54	99	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	54	100	based	base	VERB
futech-487	54	101	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	54	102	teaching	teach	VERB
futech-487	55	1	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	55	2	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	55	3	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	55	4	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	55	5	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	55	6	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	55	7	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	55	8	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	55	9	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	55	10	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	55	11	04	04	NUM
futech-487	56	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	56	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	56	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	57	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	57	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	57	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	57	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	57	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	57	6	230	230	NUM
futech-487	57	7	course	course	NOUN
futech-487	57	8	objectives	objective	NOUN
futech-487	57	9	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	58	1	however	however	ADV
futech-487	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	58	3	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	58	4	noted	note	VERB
futech-487	58	5	in	in	ADP
futech-487	58	6	a	a	DET
futech-487	58	7	comparative	comparative	ADJ
futech-487	58	8	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	58	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	58	10	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	58	11	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	58	12	for	for	ADP
futech-487	58	13	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	58	14	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	58	15	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	58	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	58	17	[	[	X
futech-487	58	18	18	18	NUM
futech-487	58	19	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	58	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	58	21	which	which	PRON
futech-487	58	22	examined	examine	VERB
futech-487	58	23	chatgpt-4o	chatgpt-4o	VERB
futech-487	58	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	58	25	claude3.5	claude3.5	NOUN
futech-487	58	26	sonnet	sonnet	NOUN
futech-487	58	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	58	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	58	29	ernie	ernie	PROPN
futech-487	58	30	4.0	4.0	NUM
futech-487	58	31	turbo	turbo	NOUN
futech-487	58	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	58	33	there	there	PRON
futech-487	58	34	remains	remain	VERB
futech-487	58	35	a	a	DET
futech-487	58	36	need	need	NOUN
futech-487	58	37	for	for	ADP
futech-487	58	38	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	58	39	specialized	specialized	ADJ
futech-487	58	40	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	58	41	on	on	ADP
futech-487	58	42	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	58	43	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	58	44	specifically	specifically	ADV
futech-487	58	45	designed	design	VERB
futech-487	58	46	for	for	ADP
futech-487	58	47	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	58	48	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	58	49	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	58	50	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	59	1	although	although	SCONJ
futech-487	59	2	previous	previous	ADJ
futech-487	59	3	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	59	4	have	have	AUX
futech-487	59	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	59	6	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	59	7	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	59	8	can	can	AUX
futech-487	59	9	improve	improve	VERB
futech-487	59	10	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	59	11	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	59	12	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	59	13	used	use	VERB
futech-487	59	14	correctly	correctly	ADV
futech-487	59	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	59	16	there	there	PRON
futech-487	59	17	is	be	VERB
futech-487	59	18	a	a	DET
futech-487	59	19	limited	limited	ADJ
futech-487	59	20	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	59	21	of	of	ADP
futech-487	59	22	its	its	PRON
futech-487	59	23	advantages	advantage	NOUN
futech-487	59	24	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	59	25	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	59	26	for	for	ADP
futech-487	59	27	both	both	CCONJ
futech-487	59	28	first	first	ADJ
futech-487	59	29	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	59	30	second	second	ADJ
futech-487	59	31	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	59	32	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	59	33	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	59	34	[	[	X
futech-487	59	35	6	6	NUM
futech-487	59	36	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	59	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	60	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
futech-487	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	60	3	our	our	PRON
futech-487	60	4	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	60	5	also	also	ADV
futech-487	60	6	reveals	reveal	VERB
futech-487	60	7	an	an	DET
futech-487	60	8	important	important	ADJ
futech-487	60	9	facet	facet	NOUN
futech-487	60	10	of	of	ADP
futech-487	60	11	existing	exist	VERB
futech-487	60	12	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	60	13	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	60	14	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	60	15	previous	previous	ADJ
futech-487	60	16	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	60	17	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	60	18	did	do	AUX
futech-487	60	19	not	not	PART
futech-487	60	20	address	address	VERB
futech-487	60	21	—	—	PUNCT
futech-487	60	22	the	the	DET
futech-487	60	23	necessity	necessity	NOUN
futech-487	60	24	for	for	ADP
futech-487	60	25	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	60	26	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
futech-487	60	27	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	60	28	to	to	PART
futech-487	60	29	help	help	VERB
futech-487	60	30	us	we	PRON
futech-487	60	31	better	well	ADV
futech-487	60	32	understand	understand	VERB
futech-487	60	33	the	the	DET
futech-487	60	34	long	long	ADJ
futech-487	60	35	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	60	36	term	term	NOUN
futech-487	60	37	impacts	impact	NOUN
futech-487	60	38	of	of	ADP
futech-487	60	39	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	60	40	on	on	ADP
futech-487	60	41	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	60	42	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	60	43	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	60	44	an	an	DET
futech-487	60	45	area	area	NOUN
futech-487	60	46	that	that	PRON
futech-487	60	47	has	have	AUX
futech-487	60	48	not	not	PART
futech-487	60	49	been	be	AUX
futech-487	60	50	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
futech-487	60	51	explored	explore	VERB
futech-487	60	52	to	to	ADP
futech-487	60	53	date	date	NOUN
futech-487	60	54	[	[	X
futech-487	60	55	19	19	NUM
futech-487	60	56	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	60	57	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	61	1	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	61	2	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	61	3	[	[	X
futech-487	61	4	20	20	NUM
futech-487	61	5	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	61	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	61	7	their	their	PRON
futech-487	61	8	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	61	9	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	61	10	on	on	ADP
futech-487	61	11	enabling	enable	VERB
futech-487	61	12	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	61	13	independence	independence	NOUN
futech-487	61	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	61	15	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	61	16	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	61	17	regulation	regulation	NOUN
futech-487	61	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	61	19	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	61	20	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	61	21	using	use	VERB
futech-487	61	22	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	61	23	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	61	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	61	25	which	which	PRON
futech-487	61	26	analyzed	analyze	VERB
futech-487	61	27	18	18	NUM
futech-487	61	28	peerreviewed	peerreviewe	VERB
futech-487	61	29	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	61	30	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	61	31	between	between	ADP
futech-487	61	32	2009	2009	NUM
futech-487	61	33	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	61	34	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	61	35	using	use	VERB
futech-487	61	36	the	the	DET
futech-487	61	37	prisma	prisma	NOUN
futech-487	61	38	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	61	39	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	61	40	found	find	VERB
futech-487	61	41	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	61	42	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	61	43	's	's	PART
futech-487	61	44	ability	ability	NOUN
futech-487	61	45	to	to	PART
futech-487	61	46	personalize	personalize	VERB
futech-487	61	47	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	61	48	paths	path	NOUN
futech-487	61	49	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	61	50	adapt	adapt	VERB
futech-487	61	51	to	to	ADP
futech-487	61	52	individual	individual	ADJ
futech-487	61	53	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	61	54	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	61	55	has	have	AUX
futech-487	61	56	been	be	AUX
futech-487	61	57	linked	link	VERB
futech-487	61	58	to	to	ADP
futech-487	61	59	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	61	60	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	61	61	in	in	ADP
futech-487	61	62	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	61	63	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	61	64	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	61	65	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	61	66	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	62	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	62	2	gap	gap	NOUN
futech-487	62	3	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
futech-487	62	4	an	an	DET
futech-487	62	5	update	update	NOUN
futech-487	62	6	to	to	PART
futech-487	62	7	review	review	VERB
futech-487	62	8	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	62	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	62	10	ensuring	ensure	VERB
futech-487	62	11	they	they	PRON
futech-487	62	12	reflect	reflect	VERB
futech-487	62	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	62	14	most	most	ADV
futech-487	62	15	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	62	16	trends	trend	NOUN
futech-487	62	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	62	18	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	62	19	issues	issue	NOUN
futech-487	62	20	in	in	ADP
futech-487	62	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	62	22	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	62	23	landscape	landscape	NOUN
futech-487	62	24	of	of	ADP
futech-487	62	25	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	62	26	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	62	27	[	[	X
futech-487	62	28	21	21	NUM
futech-487	62	29	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	62	30	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	63	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	63	2	lack	lack	NOUN
futech-487	63	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	63	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	63	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	63	6	on	on	ADP
futech-487	63	7	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	63	8	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	63	9	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	63	10	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	63	11	in	in	ADP
futech-487	63	12	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	63	13	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	63	14	affect	affect	VERB
futech-487	63	15	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	63	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	63	17	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	63	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	63	19	coupled	couple	VERB
futech-487	63	20	with	with	ADP
futech-487	63	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	63	22	scarcity	scarcity	NOUN
futech-487	63	23	of	of	ADP
futech-487	63	24	largescale	largescale	ADJ
futech-487	63	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	63	26	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	63	27	based	base	VERB
futech-487	63	28	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	63	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	63	30	highlights	highlight	VERB
futech-487	63	31	a	a	DET
futech-487	63	32	gap	gap	NOUN
futech-487	63	33	between	between	ADP
futech-487	63	34	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	63	35	capabilities	capability	NOUN
futech-487	63	36	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	63	37	their	their	PRON
futech-487	63	38	practical	practical	ADJ
futech-487	63	39	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	63	40	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	64	1	future	future	ADJ
futech-487	64	2	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	64	3	should	should	AUX
futech-487	64	4	address	address	VERB
futech-487	64	5	this	this	DET
futech-487	64	6	gap	gap	NOUN
futech-487	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	64	8	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
futech-487	64	9	the	the	DET
futech-487	64	10	need	need	NOUN
futech-487	64	11	for	for	ADP
futech-487	64	12	a	a	DET
futech-487	64	13	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	64	14	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	64	15	investigation	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	64	16	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	65	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	65	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	65	3	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	65	4	will	will	AUX
futech-487	65	5	fill	fill	VERB
futech-487	65	6	these	these	DET
futech-487	65	7	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	65	8	gaps	gap	NOUN
futech-487	65	9	by	by	ADP
futech-487	65	10	setting	set	VERB
futech-487	65	11	three	three	NUM
futech-487	65	12	major	major	ADJ
futech-487	65	13	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	65	14	questions	question	NOUN
futech-487	65	15	aimed	aim	VERB
futech-487	65	16	at	at	ADP
futech-487	65	17	assessing	assess	VERB
futech-487	65	18	the	the	DET
futech-487	65	19	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	65	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	65	21	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	65	22	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	65	23	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	65	24	in	in	ADP
futech-487	65	25	ai	ai	ADV
futech-487	65	26	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	65	27	based	base	VERB
futech-487	65	28	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	65	29	apps	app	NOUN
futech-487	65	30	for	for	ADP
futech-487	65	31	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	65	32	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	65	33	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	65	34	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	65	35	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	65	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	66	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	66	2	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
futech-487	66	3	will	will	AUX
futech-487	66	4	focus	focus	VERB
futech-487	66	5	on	on	ADP
futech-487	66	6	describing	describe	VERB
futech-487	66	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	66	8	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	66	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	10	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	66	11	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	66	12	driven	drive	VERB
futech-487	66	13	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	66	14	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	66	15	on	on	ADP
futech-487	66	16	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	66	17	aspects	aspect	NOUN
futech-487	66	18	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	66	19	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	66	20	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	66	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	66	22	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	66	23	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	66	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	66	25	professional	professional	ADJ
futech-487	66	26	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	66	27	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	66	28	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	66	29	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	30	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	66	31	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	66	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	66	33	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	66	34	identifying	identify	VERB
futech-487	66	35	what	what	PRON
futech-487	66	36	particular	particular	ADJ
futech-487	66	37	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	66	38	elements	element	NOUN
futech-487	66	39	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	66	40	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
futech-487	66	41	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	66	42	type	type	NOUN
futech-487	66	43	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	44	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	66	45	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	66	46	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	66	47	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	66	48	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	49	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	66	50	recognition	recognition	NOUN
futech-487	66	51	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	66	52	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	66	53	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	54	contextualized	contextualized	ADJ
futech-487	66	55	content	content	NOUN
futech-487	66	56	delivery	delivery	NOUN
futech-487	66	57	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	66	58	yield	yield	VERB
futech-487	66	59	the	the	DET
futech-487	66	60	greatest	great	ADJ
futech-487	66	61	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	66	62	based	base	VERB
futech-487	66	63	on	on	ADP
futech-487	66	64	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	66	65	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	66	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	66	67	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	66	68	on	on	ADP
futech-487	66	69	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	66	70	of	of	ADP
futech-487	66	71	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	66	72	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	66	73	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	67	1	plutsch	plutsch	AUX
futech-487	67	2	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	67	3	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	67	4	has	have	VERB
futech-487	67	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	67	6	potential	potential	NOUN
futech-487	67	7	to	to	PART
futech-487	67	8	transform	transform	VERB
futech-487	67	9	management	management	NOUN
futech-487	67	10	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	67	11	by	by	ADP
futech-487	67	12	enabling	enable	VERB
futech-487	67	13	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	67	14	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	67	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	67	16	developing	develop	VERB
futech-487	67	17	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	67	18	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	67	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	67	20	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	67	21	generating	generate	VERB
futech-487	67	22	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	67	23	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	67	24	for	for	SCONJ
futech-487	67	25	educators	educator	NOUN
futech-487	67	26	to	to	PART
futech-487	67	27	improve	improve	VERB
futech-487	67	28	[	[	X
futech-487	67	29	22	22	NUM
futech-487	67	30	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	67	31	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	68	1	drawing	draw	VERB
futech-487	68	2	from	from	ADP
futech-487	68	3	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	68	4	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	68	5	in	in	ADP
futech-487	68	6	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	68	7	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	68	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	68	9	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	68	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	68	11	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	68	12	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	68	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	68	14	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	68	15	as	as	ADP
futech-487	68	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	68	17	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	68	18	[	[	X
futech-487	68	19	23	23	NUM
futech-487	68	20	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	68	21	here	here	ADV
futech-487	68	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	68	23	researchers	researcher	NOUN
futech-487	68	24	claim	claim	VERB
futech-487	68	25	the	the	DET
futech-487	68	26	importance	importance	NOUN
futech-487	68	27	we	we	PRON
futech-487	68	28	employ	employ	VERB
futech-487	68	29	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	68	30	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	68	31	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	68	32	in	in	ADP
futech-487	68	33	iteratively	iteratively	ADV
futech-487	68	34	designing	design	VERB
futech-487	68	35	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	68	36	tracing	trace	VERB
futech-487	68	37	the	the	DET
futech-487	68	38	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	68	39	of	of	ADP
futech-487	68	40	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	68	41	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	68	42	in	in	ADP
futech-487	68	43	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	68	44	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	68	45	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	68	46	insights	insight	NOUN
futech-487	68	47	obtained	obtain	VERB
futech-487	68	48	from	from	ADP
futech-487	68	49	a	a	DET
futech-487	68	50	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	68	51	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	68	52	[	[	X
futech-487	68	53	24	24	NUM
futech-487	68	54	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	68	55	addressing	address	VERB
futech-487	68	56	the	the	DET
futech-487	68	57	issue	issue	NOUN
futech-487	68	58	of	of	ADP
futech-487	68	59	designing	design	VERB
futech-487	68	60	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	68	61	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	68	62	with	with	ADP
futech-487	68	63	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	68	64	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	68	65	through	through	ADP
futech-487	68	66	activity	activity	NOUN
futech-487	68	67	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	68	68	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	68	69	this	this	DET
futech-487	68	70	paper	paper	NOUN
futech-487	68	71	specifically	specifically	ADV
futech-487	68	72	aims	aim	VERB
futech-487	68	73	at	at	ADP
futech-487	68	74	offering	offer	VERB
futech-487	68	75	a	a	DET
futech-487	68	76	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	68	77	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	68	78	of	of	ADP
futech-487	68	79	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	68	80	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	68	81	from	from	ADP
futech-487	68	82	ai	ai	PRON
futech-487	68	83	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	68	84	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	68	85	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	68	86	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	68	87	ai	ai	AUX
futech-487	68	88	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	68	89	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	68	90	are	be	AUX
futech-487	68	91	positioned	position	VERB
futech-487	68	92	to	to	PART
futech-487	68	93	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	68	94	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	68	95	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	68	96	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	68	97	in	in	ADP
futech-487	68	98	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	68	99	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	68	100	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	68	101	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	69	1	from	from	ADP
futech-487	69	2	there	there	ADV
futech-487	69	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	69	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	69	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	69	6	goes	go	VERB
futech-487	69	7	further	far	ADV
futech-487	69	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	69	9	probing	probe	VERB
futech-487	69	10	into	into	ADP
futech-487	69	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	69	12	differential	differential	ADJ
futech-487	69	13	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	69	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	69	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	69	16	system	system	NOUN
futech-487	69	17	on	on	ADP
futech-487	69	18	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	69	19	groups	group	NOUN
futech-487	69	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	69	21	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	69	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	69	23	based	base	VERB
futech-487	69	24	on	on	ADP
futech-487	69	25	variables	variable	NOUN
futech-487	69	26	including	include	VERB
futech-487	69	27	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	69	28	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	69	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	69	30	culture	culture	NOUN
futech-487	69	31	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	69	32	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	69	33	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	69	34	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	69	35	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	69	36	in	in	ADP
futech-487	69	37	order	order	NOUN
futech-487	69	38	to	to	PART
futech-487	69	39	shed	shed	VERB
futech-487	69	40	light	light	NOUN
futech-487	69	41	on	on	ADP
futech-487	69	42	the	the	DET
futech-487	69	43	subtleties	subtlety	NOUN
futech-487	69	44	of	of	ADP
futech-487	69	45	optimized	optimize	VERB
futech-487	69	46	personalizations	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	69	47	of	of	ADP
futech-487	69	48	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	69	49	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	69	50	for	for	ADP
futech-487	69	51	target	target	NOUN
futech-487	69	52	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	69	53	groups	group	NOUN
futech-487	69	54	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	70	1	2	2	X
futech-487	70	2	.	.	X
futech-487	70	3	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	70	4	2.1	2.1	NUM
futech-487	70	5	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	70	6	protocol	protocol	NOUN
futech-487	70	7	this	this	DET
futech-487	70	8	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	70	9	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	70	10	has	have	AUX
futech-487	70	11	been	be	AUX
futech-487	70	12	conducted	conduct	VERB
futech-487	70	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	70	14	accordance	accordance	NOUN
futech-487	70	15	with	with	ADP
futech-487	70	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	70	17	principles	principle	NOUN
futech-487	70	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	70	19	reporting	reporting	NOUN
futech-487	70	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	70	21	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	70	22	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	70	23	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	70	24	meta	meta	VERB
futech-487	70	25	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	70	26	2020	2020	NUM
futech-487	70	27	statement	statement	NOUN
futech-487	70	28	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	70	29	prisma	prisma	PROPN
futech-487	70	30	2020	2020	NUM
futech-487	70	31	statement	statement	NOUN
futech-487	70	32	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	70	33	in	in	ADP
futech-487	70	34	order	order	NOUN
futech-487	70	35	to	to	PART
futech-487	70	36	ensure	ensure	VERB
futech-487	70	37	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	70	38	rigor	rigor	NOUN
futech-487	70	39	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	70	40	transparency	transparency	NOUN
futech-487	70	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	71	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	71	2	protocol	protocol	NOUN
futech-487	71	3	has	have	AUX
futech-487	71	4	been	be	AUX
futech-487	71	5	prospectively	prospectively	ADV
futech-487	71	6	registered	register	VERB
futech-487	71	7	on	on	ADP
futech-487	71	8	the	the	DET
futech-487	71	9	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	71	10	prospective	prospective	ADJ
futech-487	71	11	register	register	NOUN
futech-487	71	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	71	13	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	71	14	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	71	15	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	71	16	prospero	prospero	NOUN
futech-487	71	17	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	71	18	to	to	PART
futech-487	71	19	ensure	ensure	VERB
futech-487	71	20	a	a	DET
futech-487	71	21	priori	priori	ADV
futech-487	71	22	defined	define	VERB
futech-487	71	23	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	71	24	choices	choice	NOUN
futech-487	71	25	to	to	PART
futech-487	71	26	decrease	decrease	VERB
futech-487	71	27	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	71	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	71	29	increase	increase	VERB
futech-487	71	30	transparency	transparency	NOUN
futech-487	71	31	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	72	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	72	2	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	72	3	strategy	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	72	4	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	72	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	72	6	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	72	7	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	72	8	are	be	AUX
futech-487	72	9	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	72	10	follows	follow	VERB
futech-487	72	11	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	72	12	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	72	13	must	must	AUX
futech-487	72	14	be	be	AUX
futech-487	72	15	peer	peer	NOUN
futech-487	72	16	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	72	17	reviewed	review	VERB
futech-487	72	18	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	72	19	papers	paper	NOUN
futech-487	72	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	72	21	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	72	22	in	in	ADP
futech-487	72	23	the	the	DET
futech-487	72	24	period	period	NOUN
futech-487	72	25	from	from	ADP
futech-487	72	26	2019	2019	NUM
futech-487	72	27	to	to	ADP
futech-487	72	28	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	72	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	72	30	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	72	31	focus	focus	VERB
futech-487	72	32	on	on	ADP
futech-487	72	33	the	the	DET
futech-487	72	34	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	72	35	of	of	ADP
futech-487	72	36	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	72	37	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	72	38	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	72	39	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	72	40	apps	app	NOUN
futech-487	72	41	on	on	ADP
futech-487	72	42	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	72	43	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	72	44	in	in	ADP
futech-487	72	45	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	72	46	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	72	47	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	72	48	with	with	ADP
futech-487	72	49	a	a	DET
futech-487	72	50	particular	particular	ADJ
futech-487	72	51	focus	focus	NOUN
futech-487	72	52	on	on	ADP
futech-487	72	53	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	72	54	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	72	55	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	72	56	’	'	PUNCT
futech-487	72	57	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	72	58	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	73	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	73	2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
futech-487	73	3	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	73	4	limit	limit	VERB
futech-487	73	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	73	6	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	73	7	to	to	ADP
futech-487	73	8	nonempirical	nonempirical	ADJ
futech-487	73	9	papers	paper	NOUN
futech-487	73	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	73	11	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	73	12	without	without	ADP
futech-487	73	13	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
futech-487	73	14	measurement	measurement	NOUN
futech-487	73	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	73	16	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
futech-487	73	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	73	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	73	19	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	73	20	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	73	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	73	22	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	73	23	whose	whose	DET
futech-487	73	24	training	training	NOUN
futech-487	73	25	is	be	AUX
futech-487	73	26	based	base	VERB
futech-487	73	27	on	on	ADP
futech-487	73	28	general	general	ADJ
futech-487	73	29	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	73	30	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	73	31	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	73	32	not	not	PART
futech-487	73	33	specifically	specifically	ADV
futech-487	73	34	aimed	aim	VERB
futech-487	73	35	at	at	ADP
futech-487	73	36	developing	develop	VERB
futech-487	73	37	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	73	38	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	73	39	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	73	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	73	41	not	not	PART
futech-487	73	42	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	73	43	focused	focus	VERB
futech-487	73	44	on	on	ADP
futech-487	73	45	developing	develop	VERB
futech-487	73	46	the	the	DET
futech-487	73	47	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	73	48	functionality	functionality	NOUN
futech-487	73	49	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	73	50	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	73	51	papers	paper	NOUN
futech-487	73	52	that	that	PRON
futech-487	73	53	are	be	AUX
futech-487	73	54	not	not	PART
futech-487	73	55	in	in	ADP
futech-487	73	56	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	73	57	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	73	58	chinese	chinese	ADJ
futech-487	73	59	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	74	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	74	2	predesigned	predesigned	ADJ
futech-487	74	3	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	74	4	will	will	AUX
futech-487	74	5	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	74	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	74	7	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	74	8	identification	identification	NOUN
futech-487	74	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	74	10	filtration	filtration	NOUN
futech-487	74	11	of	of	ADP
futech-487	74	12	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
futech-487	74	13	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	74	14	in	in	ADP
futech-487	74	15	an	an	DET
futech-487	74	16	objective	objective	ADJ
futech-487	74	17	scientific	scientific	ADJ
futech-487	74	18	manner	manner	NOUN
futech-487	74	19	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	74	20	reduce	reduce	VERB
futech-487	74	21	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	74	22	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	74	23	during	during	ADP
futech-487	74	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	74	25	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	74	26	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	75	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
futech-487	75	2	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	75	3	strategy	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	75	4	a	a	DET
futech-487	75	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	75	6	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	75	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	75	8	electronic	electronic	ADJ
futech-487	75	9	databases	database	NOUN
futech-487	75	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	75	11	including	include	VERB
futech-487	75	12	web	web	NOUN
futech-487	75	13	of	of	ADP
futech-487	75	14	science	science	NOUN
futech-487	75	15	core	core	NOUN
futech-487	75	16	collection	collection	NOUN
futech-487	75	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	75	18	scopus	scopus	PROPN
futech-487	75	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	75	20	eric	eric	PROPN
futech-487	75	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	75	22	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	75	23	google	google	PROPN
futech-487	75	24	scholar	scholar	NOUN
futech-487	75	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	75	26	was	be	AUX
futech-487	75	27	implemented	implement	VERB
futech-487	75	28	following	follow	VERB
futech-487	75	29	established	establish	VERB
futech-487	75	30	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	75	31	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	75	32	protocols	protocol	NOUN
futech-487	75	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	75	34	an	an	DET
futech-487	75	35	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	75	36	aligned	align	VERB
futech-487	75	37	with	with	ADP
futech-487	75	38	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
futech-487	75	39	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	75	40	standards	standard	NOUN
futech-487	75	41	for	for	ADP
futech-487	75	42	technologyenhanced	technologyenhanced	ADJ
futech-487	75	43	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	75	44	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	75	45	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	75	46	that	that	PRON
futech-487	75	47	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
futech-487	75	48	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
futech-487	75	49	documentation	documentation	NOUN
futech-487	75	50	of	of	ADP
futech-487	75	51	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	75	52	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	75	53	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	75	54	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	75	55	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	75	56	[	[	X
futech-487	75	57	25	25	NUM
futech-487	75	58	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	75	59	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	76	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	76	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	76	3	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	76	4	mirrors	mirror	NOUN
futech-487	76	5	best	good	ADJ
futech-487	76	6	practices	practice	NOUN
futech-487	76	7	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	76	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	76	9	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	76	10	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	76	11	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	76	12	techno	techno	NOUN
futech-487	76	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	76	14	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	76	15	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	76	16	in	in	ADP
futech-487	76	17	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	76	18	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	76	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	76	20	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	76	21	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	76	22	transparency	transparency	NOUN
futech-487	76	23	serves	serve	VERB
futech-487	76	24	as	as	ADP
futech-487	76	25	a	a	DET
futech-487	76	26	foundation	foundation	NOUN
futech-487	76	27	for	for	ADP
futech-487	76	28	reliable	reliable	ADJ
futech-487	76	29	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	76	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	76	31	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	76	32	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	76	33	across	across	ADP
futech-487	76	34	diverse	diverse	ADJ
futech-487	76	35	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	76	36	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	76	37	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	76	38	ensuring	ensure	VERB
futech-487	76	39	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	76	40	coverage	coverage	NOUN
futech-487	76	41	of	of	ADP
futech-487	76	42	emerging	emerge	VERB
futech-487	76	43	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	76	44	innovations	innovation	NOUN
futech-487	76	45	in	in	ADP
futech-487	76	46	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	76	47	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	76	48	[	[	X
futech-487	76	49	26	26	NUM
futech-487	76	50	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	76	51	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	77	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	77	2	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	77	3	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	77	4	employed	employ	VERB
futech-487	77	5	database	database	NOUN
futech-487	77	6	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	77	7	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	77	8	boolean	boolean	ADJ
futech-487	77	9	combinations	combination	NOUN
futech-487	77	10	adapted	adapt	VERB
futech-487	77	11	to	to	ADP
futech-487	77	12	platform	platform	NOUN
futech-487	77	13	syntax	syntax	NOUN
futech-487	77	14	requirements	requirement	NOUN
futech-487	77	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	78	1	web	web	NOUN
futech-487	78	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	78	3	science	science	NOUN
futech-487	78	4	utilized	utilize	VERB
futech-487	78	5	ts=	ts=	PROPN
futech-487	78	6	field	field	VERB
futech-487	78	7	tags	tag	NOUN
futech-487	78	8	for	for	ADP
futech-487	78	9	topic	topic	NOUN
futech-487	78	10	searching	searching	NOUN
futech-487	78	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	78	12	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	78	13	scopus	scopus	PROPN
futech-487	78	14	employed	employ	VERB
futech-487	78	15	titleabs	titleab	NOUN
futech-487	78	16	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	78	17	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	78	18	field	field	NOUN
futech-487	78	19	specifications	specification	NOUN
futech-487	78	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	79	1	eric	eric	PROPN
futech-487	79	2	searches	search	VERB
futech-487	79	3	integrated	integrate	VERB
futech-487	79	4	controlled	control	VERB
futech-487	79	5	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
futech-487	79	6	descriptors	descriptor	NOUN
futech-487	79	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	79	8	de=	de=	PROPN
futech-487	79	9	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	79	10	with	with	ADP
futech-487	79	11	free	free	ADJ
futech-487	79	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	79	13	text	text	NOUN
futech-487	79	14	searching	searching	NOUN
futech-487	79	15	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	79	16	ti	ti	NOUN
futech-487	79	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	79	18	ab=	ab=	PROPN
futech-487	79	19	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	79	20	to	to	PART
futech-487	79	21	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
futech-487	79	22	its	its	PRON
futech-487	79	23	thesaurus	thesaurus	NOUN
futech-487	79	24	system	system	NOUN
futech-487	79	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	79	26	using	use	VERB
futech-487	79	27	terms	term	NOUN
futech-487	79	28	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	79	29	as	as	ADP
futech-487	79	30	de="artificial	de="artificial	ADJ
futech-487	79	31	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	79	32	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	79	33	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	79	34	de="individualized	de="individualize	VERB
futech-487	79	35	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	79	36	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	79	37	combined	combine	VERB
futech-487	79	38	with	with	ADP
futech-487	79	39	free	free	ADJ
futech-487	79	40	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	79	41	text	text	NOUN
futech-487	79	42	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
futech-487	79	43	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	80	1	google	google	PROPN
futech-487	80	2	scholar	scholar	NOUN
futech-487	80	3	searches	search	NOUN
futech-487	80	4	employed	employ	VERB
futech-487	80	5	simplified	simplify	VERB
futech-487	80	6	boolean	boolean	ADJ
futech-487	80	7	syntax	syntax	NOUN
futech-487	80	8	due	due	ADP
futech-487	80	9	to	to	ADP
futech-487	80	10	platform	platform	NOUN
futech-487	80	11	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	80	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	80	13	with	with	ADP
futech-487	80	14	manual	manual	ADJ
futech-487	80	15	verification	verification	NOUN
futech-487	80	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	80	17	truncation	truncation	NOUN
futech-487	80	18	functionality	functionality	NOUN
futech-487	80	19	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	81	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	81	2	core	core	NOUN
futech-487	81	3	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	81	4	string	string	NOUN
futech-487	81	5	maintained	maintain	VERB
futech-487	81	6	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	81	7	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
futech-487	81	8	coverage	coverage	NOUN
futech-487	81	9	across	across	ADP
futech-487	81	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
futech-487	81	11	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	81	12	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	81	13	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	14	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	81	15	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	81	16	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	17	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	18	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	19	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	81	20	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	21	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	22	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	23	machine	machine	NOUN
futech-487	81	24	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	81	25	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	81	27	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	81	28	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	81	29	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	30	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	81	31	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	81	32	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	81	33	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	34	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	35	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	36	voice	voice	NOUN
futech-487	81	37	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	81	38	over	over	ADP
futech-487	81	39	technolog	technolog	NOUN
futech-487	81	40	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	81	41	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	42	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	43	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	44	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	81	45	imitation	imitation	NOUN
futech-487	81	46	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	47	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	81	48	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	81	49	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	81	50	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	51	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	81	52	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	81	53	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	54	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	55	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	56	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	81	57	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	81	58	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	59	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	60	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	61	individualized	individualized	ADJ
futech-487	81	62	pathway	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	81	63	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	81	64	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	65	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	81	66	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	81	67	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	81	68	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	69	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	81	70	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	81	71	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	72	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	73	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	74	oral	oral	ADJ
futech-487	81	75	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	81	76	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	77	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	78	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	79	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	81	80	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	81	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	82	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	83	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	81	84	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	85	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	81	86	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	81	87	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	81	88	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	89	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	81	90	english	english	NOUN
futech-487	81	91	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	92	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	93	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	94	esp	esp	ADJ
futech-487	81	95	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	96	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	81	97	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	98	professional	professional	ADJ
futech-487	81	99	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	81	100	"	"	PUNCT
futech-487	81	101	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	81	102	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	81	103	with	with	ADP
futech-487	81	104	syntax	syntax	NOUN
futech-487	81	105	modifications	modification	NOUN
futech-487	81	106	for	for	ADP
futech-487	81	107	database	database	NOUN
futech-487	81	108	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	81	109	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	81	110	requirements	requirement	NOUN
futech-487	81	111	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	82	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	82	2	time	time	NOUN
futech-487	82	3	frame	frame	NOUN
futech-487	82	4	was	be	AUX
futech-487	82	5	set	set	VERB
futech-487	82	6	to	to	PART
futech-487	82	7	include	include	VERB
futech-487	82	8	january	january	PROPN
futech-487	82	9	2019	2019	NUM
futech-487	82	10	to	to	ADP
futech-487	82	11	december	december	PROPN
futech-487	82	12	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	82	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	82	14	to	to	PART
futech-487	82	15	be	be	AUX
futech-487	82	16	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
futech-487	82	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	82	18	the	the	DET
futech-487	82	19	latest	late	ADJ
futech-487	82	20	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	82	21	developments	development	NOUN
futech-487	82	22	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	82	23	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	82	24	advances	advance	NOUN
futech-487	82	25	in	in	ADP
futech-487	82	26	ai	ai	ADV
futech-487	82	27	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	82	28	enhanced	enhance	VERB
futech-487	82	29	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	82	30	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	82	31	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	83	1	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	83	2	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	83	3	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	83	4	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	83	5	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	83	6	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	83	7	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	83	8	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	83	9	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	83	10	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	83	11	04	04	NUM
futech-487	84	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	84	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	84	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	85	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	85	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	85	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	85	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	85	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	85	6	231	231	NUM
futech-487	85	7	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	85	8	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
futech-487	85	9	limited	limit	VERB
futech-487	85	10	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	85	11	to	to	ADP
futech-487	85	12	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	85	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	85	14	chinese	chinese	ADJ
futech-487	85	15	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	85	16	to	to	PART
futech-487	85	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
futech-487	85	18	coverage	coverage	NOUN
futech-487	85	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	85	20	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	85	21	from	from	ADP
futech-487	85	22	major	major	ADJ
futech-487	85	23	contributors	contributor	NOUN
futech-487	85	24	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	85	25	maintaining	maintain	VERB
futech-487	85	26	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	85	27	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	85	28	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
futech-487	85	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	85	30	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	85	31	this	this	DET
futech-487	85	32	constraint	constraint	NOUN
futech-487	85	33	potentially	potentially	ADV
futech-487	85	34	introduces	introduce	VERB
futech-487	85	35	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	85	36	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	85	37	by	by	ADP
futech-487	85	38	excluding	exclude	VERB
futech-487	85	39	relevant	relevant	ADJ
futech-487	85	40	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	85	41	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	85	42	in	in	ADP
futech-487	85	43	other	other	ADJ
futech-487	85	44	languages	language	NOUN
futech-487	85	45	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	85	46	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	85	47	those	those	PRON
futech-487	85	48	from	from	ADP
futech-487	85	49	european	european	ADJ
futech-487	85	50	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	85	51	latin	latin	ADJ
futech-487	85	52	american	american	ADJ
futech-487	85	53	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	85	54	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	85	55	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	85	56	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	85	57	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	85	58	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	85	59	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	85	60	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	85	61	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	85	62	may	may	AUX
futech-487	85	63	employ	employ	VERB
futech-487	85	64	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	85	65	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	85	66	frameworks	framework	NOUN
futech-487	85	67	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	85	68	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	85	69	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	85	70	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	86	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	86	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	86	3	may	may	AUX
futech-487	86	4	result	result	VERB
futech-487	86	5	in	in	ADP
futech-487	86	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	86	7	underrepresentation	underrepresentation	NOUN
futech-487	86	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	86	9	diverse	diverse	ADJ
futech-487	86	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	86	11	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
futech-487	86	12	on	on	ADP
futech-487	86	13	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	86	14	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	86	15	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	86	16	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	87	1	it	it	PRON
futech-487	87	2	could	could	AUX
futech-487	87	3	affect	affect	VERB
futech-487	87	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	87	5	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
futech-487	87	6	of	of	ADP
futech-487	87	7	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	87	8	across	across	ADP
futech-487	87	9	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	87	10	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
futech-487	87	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	87	12	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	87	13	contexts	context	NOUN
futech-487	87	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	87	15	requiring	require	VERB
futech-487	87	16	cautious	cautious	ADJ
futech-487	87	17	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
futech-487	87	18	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	87	19	applying	apply	VERB
futech-487	87	20	results	result	NOUN
futech-487	87	21	to	to	ADP
futech-487	87	22	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
futech-487	87	23	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	87	24	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	87	25	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	87	26	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	87	27	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	87	28	chinese	chinese	ADJ
futech-487	87	29	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	87	30	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	87	31	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	87	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	88	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	88	2	electronic	electronic	ADJ
futech-487	88	3	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	88	4	was	be	AUX
futech-487	88	5	supplemented	supplement	VERB
futech-487	88	6	by	by	ADP
futech-487	88	7	further	further	ADJ
futech-487	88	8	manual	manual	NOUN
futech-487	88	9	searching	search	VERB
futech-487	88	10	of	of	ADP
futech-487	88	11	reference	reference	NOUN
futech-487	88	12	lists	list	NOUN
futech-487	88	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	88	14	citations	citation	NOUN
futech-487	88	15	to	to	PART
futech-487	88	16	reduce	reduce	VERB
futech-487	88	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	88	18	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
futech-487	88	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	88	20	missing	miss	VERB
futech-487	88	21	important	important	ADJ
futech-487	88	22	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	88	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	89	1	gray	gray	ADJ
futech-487	89	2	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	89	3	sources	source	NOUN
futech-487	89	4	were	be	AUX
futech-487	89	5	excluded	exclude	VERB
futech-487	89	6	to	to	PART
futech-487	89	7	uphold	uphold	VERB
futech-487	89	8	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	89	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	89	10	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	89	11	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	89	12	strategy	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	89	13	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
futech-487	89	14	across	across	ADP
futech-487	89	15	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	89	16	sites	site	NOUN
futech-487	89	17	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	90	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
futech-487	90	2	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	90	3	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	90	4	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	90	5	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	90	6	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	90	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	90	8	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	90	9	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	90	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	90	11	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	90	12	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	90	13	used	use	VERB
futech-487	90	14	an	an	DET
futech-487	90	15	extensive	extensive	ADJ
futech-487	90	16	double	double	ADJ
futech-487	90	17	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	90	18	reviewer	reviewer	NOUN
futech-487	90	19	method	method	NOUN
futech-487	90	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	90	21	in	in	ADP
futech-487	90	22	which	which	PRON
futech-487	90	23	two	two	NUM
futech-487	90	24	researchers	researcher	NOUN
futech-487	90	25	independently	independently	ADV
futech-487	90	26	reviewed	review	VERB
futech-487	90	27	titles	title	NOUN
futech-487	90	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	90	29	abstracts	abstract	NOUN
futech-487	90	30	according	accord	VERB
futech-487	90	31	to	to	ADP
futech-487	90	32	predefined	predefine	VERB
futech-487	90	33	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
futech-487	90	34	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	90	35	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	90	36	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	90	37	read	read	VERB
futech-487	90	38	the	the	DET
futech-487	90	39	full	full	ADJ
futech-487	90	40	text	text	NOUN
futech-487	90	41	of	of	ADP
futech-487	90	42	relevant	relevant	ADJ
futech-487	90	43	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	90	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	91	1	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	91	2	's	's	PART
futech-487	91	3	kappa	kappa	PROPN
futech-487	91	4	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
futech-487	91	5	was	be	AUX
futech-487	91	6	calculated	calculate	VERB
futech-487	91	7	to	to	PART
futech-487	91	8	assess	assess	VERB
futech-487	91	9	inter	inter	ADJ
futech-487	91	10	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	91	11	rater	rater	ADJ
futech-487	91	12	reliability	reliability	NOUN
futech-487	91	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	91	14	yielding	yield	VERB
futech-487	91	15	κ	κ	X
futech-487	91	16	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	91	17	0.87	0.87	NUM
futech-487	91	18	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	91	19	95	95	NUM
futech-487	91	20	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	91	21	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	91	22	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	91	23	0.82	0.82	NUM
futech-487	91	24	-	-	SYM
futech-487	91	25	0.91	0.91	NUM
futech-487	91	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	91	27	for	for	ADP
futech-487	91	28	title	title	NOUN
futech-487	91	29	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	91	30	abstract	abstract	ADJ
futech-487	91	31	screening	screening	NOUN
futech-487	91	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	91	33	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	91	34	excellent	excellent	ADJ
futech-487	91	35	agreement	agreement	NOUN
futech-487	91	36	between	between	ADP
futech-487	91	37	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
futech-487	91	38	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	92	1	fulltext	fulltext	PROPN
futech-487	92	2	eligibility	eligibility	PROPN
futech-487	92	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	92	4	achieved	achieve	VERB
futech-487	92	5	κ	κ	X
futech-487	92	6	=	=	PROPN
futech-487	92	7	0.84	0.84	NUM
futech-487	92	8	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	92	9	95	95	NUM
futech-487	92	10	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	92	11	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	92	12	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	92	13	0.780.89	0.780.89	NUM
futech-487	92	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	92	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	92	16	indicating	indicate	VERB
futech-487	92	17	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	92	18	inter	inter	ADJ
futech-487	92	19	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	92	20	rater	rater	ADJ
futech-487	92	21	concordance	concordance	NOUN
futech-487	92	22	that	that	PRON
futech-487	92	23	exceeded	exceed	VERB
futech-487	92	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	92	25	predetermined	predetermined	ADJ
futech-487	92	26	threshold	threshold	NOUN
futech-487	92	27	of	of	ADP
futech-487	92	28	κ	κ	PROPN
futech-487	92	29	>	>	X
futech-487	92	30	0.80	0.80	NUM
futech-487	92	31	required	require	VERB
futech-487	92	32	before	before	ADP
futech-487	92	33	proceeding	proceed	VERB
futech-487	92	34	to	to	ADP
futech-487	92	35	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	92	36	extraction	extraction	NOUN
futech-487	92	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	93	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	93	2	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	93	3	intervals	interval	NOUN
futech-487	93	4	were	be	AUX
futech-487	93	5	calculated	calculate	VERB
futech-487	93	6	using	use	VERB
futech-487	93	7	bootstrap	bootstrap	NOUN
futech-487	93	8	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	93	9	with	with	ADP
futech-487	93	10	1,000	1,000	NUM
futech-487	93	11	resamples	resample	NOUN
futech-487	93	12	to	to	PART
futech-487	93	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
futech-487	93	14	robust	robust	ADJ
futech-487	93	15	estimation	estimation	NOUN
futech-487	93	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	93	17	agreement	agreement	NOUN
futech-487	93	18	reliability	reliability	NOUN
futech-487	93	19	across	across	ADP
futech-487	93	20	the	the	DET
futech-487	93	21	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	93	22	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	93	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	94	1	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	94	2	disagreements	disagreement	NOUN
futech-487	94	3	occurred	occur	VERB
futech-487	94	4	between	between	ADP
futech-487	94	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	94	6	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
futech-487	94	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	94	8	discussion	discussion	NOUN
futech-487	94	9	continued	continue	VERB
futech-487	94	10	until	until	SCONJ
futech-487	94	11	a	a	DET
futech-487	94	12	consensus	consensus	NOUN
futech-487	94	13	was	be	AUX
futech-487	94	14	reached	reach	VERB
futech-487	94	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	94	16	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	94	17	a	a	DET
futech-487	94	18	third	third	ADJ
futech-487	94	19	reviewer	reviewer	NOUN
futech-487	94	20	was	be	AUX
futech-487	94	21	referred	refer	VERB
futech-487	94	22	to	to	ADP
futech-487	94	23	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	94	24	there	there	PRON
futech-487	94	25	was	be	VERB
futech-487	94	26	continued	continue	VERB
futech-487	94	27	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN
futech-487	94	28	to	to	PART
futech-487	94	29	maintain	maintain	VERB
futech-487	94	30	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	94	31	rigor	rigor	NOUN
futech-487	94	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	95	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	95	2	complete	complete	ADJ
futech-487	95	3	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	95	4	procedure	procedure	NOUN
futech-487	95	5	is	be	AUX
futech-487	95	6	transparently	transparently	ADV
futech-487	95	7	reported	report	VERB
futech-487	95	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	95	9	a	a	DET
futech-487	95	10	prisma	prisma	NOUN
futech-487	95	11	flow	flow	NOUN
futech-487	95	12	diagram	diagram	NOUN
futech-487	95	13	that	that	PRON
futech-487	95	14	documents	document	VERB
futech-487	95	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	95	16	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	95	17	procedure	procedure	NOUN
futech-487	95	18	from	from	ADP
futech-487	95	19	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	95	20	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	95	21	in	in	ADP
futech-487	95	22	databases	database	NOUN
futech-487	95	23	up	up	ADP
futech-487	95	24	to	to	ADP
futech-487	95	25	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	95	26	of	of	ADP
futech-487	95	27	final	final	ADJ
futech-487	95	28	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	95	29	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	95	30	specifies	specify	VERB
futech-487	95	31	reasons	reason	NOUN
futech-487	95	32	for	for	ADP
futech-487	95	33	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
futech-487	95	34	at	at	ADP
futech-487	95	35	each	each	DET
futech-487	95	36	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	95	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	96	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	96	2	standardized	standardized	ADJ
futech-487	96	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
futech-487	96	4	allows	allow	VERB
futech-487	96	5	reproducibility	reproducibility	NOUN
futech-487	96	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	96	7	minimizes	minimize	VERB
futech-487	96	8	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	96	9	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	96	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	96	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	96	12	preserves	preserve	VERB
futech-487	96	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	96	14	scientific	scientific	ADJ
futech-487	96	15	rigor	rigor	NOUN
futech-487	96	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	96	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	96	18	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	96	19	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	96	20	across	across	ADP
futech-487	96	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	96	22	identification	identification	NOUN
futech-487	96	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	96	24	screening	screening	NOUN
futech-487	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	96	26	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
futech-487	96	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	96	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	96	29	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	96	30	steps	step	NOUN
futech-487	96	31	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	97	1	2.4	2.4	NUM
futech-487	97	2	data	data	NOUN
futech-487	97	3	extraction	extraction	NOUN
futech-487	97	4	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	97	5	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	97	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	97	7	a	a	DET
futech-487	97	8	standard	standard	ADJ
futech-487	97	9	form	form	NOUN
futech-487	97	10	developed	develop	VERB
futech-487	97	11	through	through	ADP
futech-487	97	12	pilot	pilot	NOUN
futech-487	97	13	testing	testing	NOUN
futech-487	97	14	on	on	ADP
futech-487	97	15	a	a	DET
futech-487	97	16	sample	sample	NOUN
futech-487	97	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	97	18	included	include	VERB
futech-487	97	19	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	97	20	was	be	AUX
futech-487	97	21	used	use	VERB
futech-487	97	22	for	for	ADP
futech-487	97	23	data	data	NOUN
futech-487	97	24	extraction	extraction	NOUN
futech-487	97	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	97	26	with	with	ADP
futech-487	97	27	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	97	28	features	feature	NOUN
futech-487	97	29	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	97	30	as	as	ADP
futech-487	97	31	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	97	32	designs	design	NOUN
futech-487	97	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	97	34	participant	participant	ADJ
futech-487	97	35	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	97	36	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	97	37	intervention	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	97	38	elements	element	NOUN
futech-487	97	39	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	97	40	personalized	personalize	VERB
futech-487	97	41	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	97	42	pathway	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	97	43	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	97	44	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	97	45	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	97	46	measures	measure	NOUN
futech-487	97	47	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	97	48	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	97	49	major	major	ADJ
futech-487	97	50	results	result	NOUN
futech-487	97	51	on	on	ADP
futech-487	97	52	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	97	53	of	of	ADP
futech-487	97	54	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	97	55	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	97	56	extracted	extract	VERB
futech-487	97	57	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	98	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	98	2	casp	casp	NOUN
futech-487	98	3	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	98	4	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	98	5	appraisal	appraisal	NOUN
futech-487	98	6	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	98	7	programme	programme	NOUN
futech-487	98	8	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	98	9	checklist	checklist	NOUN
futech-487	98	10	was	be	AUX
futech-487	98	11	used	use	VERB
futech-487	98	12	for	for	ADP
futech-487	98	13	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
futech-487	98	14	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	98	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	98	16	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	98	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	98	18	jbi	jbi	NOUN
futech-487	98	19	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	98	20	joanna	joanna	PROPN
futech-487	98	21	briggs	briggs	PROPN
futech-487	98	22	institute	institute	PROPN
futech-487	98	23	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	98	24	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	98	25	appraisal	appraisal	NOUN
futech-487	98	26	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	98	27	was	be	AUX
futech-487	98	28	used	use	VERB
futech-487	98	29	to	to	PART
futech-487	98	30	assess	assess	VERB
futech-487	98	31	the	the	DET
futech-487	98	32	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	98	33	of	of	ADP
futech-487	98	34	the	the	DET
futech-487	98	35	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
futech-487	98	36	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	98	37	mixed	mixed	ADJ
futech-487	98	38	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	98	39	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	98	40	ensuring	ensure	VERB
futech-487	98	41	robust	robust	ADJ
futech-487	98	42	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	98	43	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	98	44	across	across	ADP
futech-487	98	45	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	98	46	variations	variation	NOUN
futech-487	98	47	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	99	1	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	99	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	99	3	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	99	4	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
futech-487	99	5	included	include	VERB
futech-487	99	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	99	7	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	99	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	99	9	the	the	DET
futech-487	99	10	cochrane	cochrane	PROPN
futech-487	99	11	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
futech-487	99	12	’s	’s	PART
futech-487	99	13	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	99	14	for	for	ADP
futech-487	99	15	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	99	16	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	99	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	99	18	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	99	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	99	20	mixed	mixed	ADJ
futech-487	99	21	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	99	22	appraisal	appraisal	NOUN
futech-487	99	23	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	99	24	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	99	25	mmat	mmat	NOUN
futech-487	99	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	99	27	for	for	ADP
futech-487	99	28	mixed	mixed	ADJ
futech-487	99	29	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	99	30	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	99	31	with	with	ADP
futech-487	99	32	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	99	33	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
futech-487	99	34	on	on	ADP
futech-487	99	35	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	99	36	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	99	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	99	38	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	99	39	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	99	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	99	41	detection	detection	NOUN
futech-487	99	42	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	99	43	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	99	44	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	99	45	attrition	attrition	NOUN
futech-487	99	46	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	99	47	for	for	ADP
futech-487	99	48	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	99	49	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	99	50	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	99	51	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	100	1	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	100	2	extraction	extraction	NOUN
futech-487	100	3	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	100	4	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	100	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	100	6	were	be	AUX
futech-487	100	7	performed	perform	VERB
futech-487	100	8	independently	independently	ADV
futech-487	100	9	by	by	ADP
futech-487	100	10	two	two	NUM
futech-487	100	11	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
futech-487	100	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	100	13	with	with	ADP
futech-487	100	14	disputes	dispute	NOUN
futech-487	100	15	settled	settle	VERB
futech-487	100	16	through	through	ADP
futech-487	100	17	discussion	discussion	NOUN
futech-487	100	18	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	100	19	mediated	mediate	VERB
futech-487	100	20	by	by	ADP
futech-487	100	21	a	a	DET
futech-487	100	22	third	third	ADJ
futech-487	100	23	party	party	NOUN
futech-487	100	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	100	25	keeping	keep	VERB
futech-487	100	26	the	the	DET
futech-487	100	27	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	100	28	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	100	29	of	of	ADP
futech-487	100	30	this	this	DET
futech-487	100	31	part	part	NOUN
futech-487	100	32	of	of	ADP
futech-487	100	33	this	this	DET
futech-487	100	34	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	100	35	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	101	1	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	101	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	101	3	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	101	4	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	101	5	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	101	6	were	be	AUX
futech-487	101	7	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
futech-487	101	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	101	9	the	the	DET
futech-487	101	10	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	101	11	stage	stage	NOUN
futech-487	101	12	to	to	PART
futech-487	101	13	give	give	VERB
futech-487	101	14	importance	importance	NOUN
futech-487	101	15	to	to	ADP
futech-487	101	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	101	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	101	18	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	101	19	to	to	PART
futech-487	101	20	detect	detect	VERB
futech-487	101	21	possible	possible	ADJ
futech-487	101	22	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	101	23	in	in	ADP
futech-487	101	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	101	25	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
futech-487	101	26	of	of	ADP
futech-487	101	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	101	28	about	about	ADP
futech-487	101	29	the	the	DET
futech-487	101	30	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	101	31	of	of	ADP
futech-487	101	32	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	101	33	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	101	34	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	101	35	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	101	36	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	101	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	102	1	2.5	2.5	NUM
futech-487	102	2	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	102	3	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	102	4	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	102	5	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	102	6	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	102	7	employed	employ	VERB
futech-487	102	8	a	a	DET
futech-487	102	9	multi	multi	ADJ
futech-487	102	10	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	102	11	faceted	faceted	ADJ
futech-487	102	12	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	102	13	combining	combine	VERB
futech-487	102	14	thematic	thematic	ADJ
futech-487	102	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	102	16	with	with	ADP
futech-487	102	17	narrative	narrative	ADJ
futech-487	102	18	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	102	19	to	to	PART
futech-487	102	20	comprehensively	comprehensively	ADV
futech-487	102	21	examine	examine	VERB
futech-487	102	22	the	the	DET
futech-487	102	23	heterogeneous	heterogeneous	ADJ
futech-487	102	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	102	25	base	base	NOUN
futech-487	102	26	regarding	regard	VERB
futech-487	102	27	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	102	28	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	102	29	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	102	30	in	in	ADP
futech-487	102	31	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	102	32	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	102	33	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	102	34	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	102	35	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	102	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	103	1	thematic	thematic	ADJ
futech-487	103	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	103	3	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	103	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	103	5	identification	identification	NOUN
futech-487	103	6	of	of	ADP
futech-487	103	7	recurring	recur	VERB
futech-487	103	8	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	103	9	across	across	ADP
futech-487	103	10	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	103	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	103	12	including	include	VERB
futech-487	103	13	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	103	14	features	feature	NOUN
futech-487	103	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	103	16	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	103	17	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	103	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	103	19	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	103	20	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	103	21	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	103	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	103	23	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	103	24	narrative	narrative	ADJ
futech-487	103	25	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	103	26	enabled	enable	VERB
futech-487	103	27	the	the	DET
futech-487	103	28	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	103	29	of	of	ADP
futech-487	103	30	diverse	diverse	ADJ
futech-487	103	31	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	103	32	into	into	ADP
futech-487	103	33	coherent	coherent	ADJ
futech-487	103	34	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
futech-487	103	35	frameworks	framework	NOUN
futech-487	103	36	that	that	PRON
futech-487	103	37	illuminate	illuminate	VERB
futech-487	103	38	the	the	DET
futech-487	103	39	complex	complex	ADJ
futech-487	103	40	relationships	relationship	NOUN
futech-487	103	41	between	between	ADP
futech-487	103	42	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	103	43	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	103	44	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	103	45	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	103	46	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	103	47	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	103	48	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	104	1	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	104	2	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
futech-487	104	3	homogeneity	homogeneity	NOUN
futech-487	104	4	existed	exist	VERB
futech-487	104	5	among	among	ADP
futech-487	104	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
futech-487	104	7	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	104	8	reporting	report	VERB
futech-487	104	9	comparable	comparable	ADJ
futech-487	104	10	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	104	11	measures	measure	NOUN
futech-487	104	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	104	13	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	104	14	size	size	NOUN
futech-487	104	15	calculations	calculation	NOUN
futech-487	104	16	using	use	VERB
futech-487	104	17	standardized	standardized	ADJ
futech-487	104	18	mean	mean	ADJ
futech-487	104	19	differences	difference	NOUN
futech-487	104	20	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	104	21	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	104	22	's	's	PART
futech-487	104	23	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	104	24	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	104	25	were	be	AUX
futech-487	104	26	conducted	conduct	VERB
futech-487	104	27	to	to	PART
futech-487	104	28	quantify	quantify	VERB
futech-487	104	29	the	the	DET
futech-487	104	30	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
futech-487	104	31	of	of	ADP
futech-487	104	32	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	104	33	in	in	ADP
futech-487	104	34	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	104	35	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	104	36	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	104	37	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	104	38	metrics	metric	NOUN
futech-487	104	39	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	104	40	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	104	41	overall	overall	ADJ
futech-487	104	42	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	104	43	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	104	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	105	1	missing	miss	VERB
futech-487	105	2	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	105	3	were	be	AUX
futech-487	105	4	addressed	address	VERB
futech-487	105	5	through	through	ADP
futech-487	105	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
futech-487	105	7	imputation	imputation	NOUN
futech-487	105	8	techniques	technique	NOUN
futech-487	105	9	utilizing	utilize	VERB
futech-487	105	10	predictive	predictive	ADJ
futech-487	105	11	mean	mean	NOUN
futech-487	105	12	matching	matching	NOUN
futech-487	105	13	based	base	VERB
futech-487	105	14	on	on	ADP
futech-487	105	15	baseline	baseline	ADJ
futech-487	105	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	105	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	105	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	105	19	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	105	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	105	21	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	105	22	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	105	23	with	with	ADP
futech-487	105	24	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
futech-487	105	25	standard	standard	ADJ
futech-487	105	26	deviations	deviation	NOUN
futech-487	105	27	received	receive	VERB
futech-487	105	28	pooled	pool	VERB
futech-487	105	29	estimates	estimate	NOUN
futech-487	105	30	from	from	ADP
futech-487	105	31	similar	similar	ADJ
futech-487	105	32	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	105	33	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	106	1	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
futech-487	106	2	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	106	3	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	106	4	complete	complete	ADJ
futech-487	106	5	case	case	NOUN
futech-487	106	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	106	7	with	with	ADP
futech-487	106	8	conservative	conservative	ADJ
futech-487	106	9	nulleffect	nulleffect	ADJ
futech-487	106	10	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
futech-487	106	11	for	for	ADP
futech-487	106	12	missing	miss	VERB
futech-487	106	13	observations	observation	NOUN
futech-487	106	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	106	15	ensuring	ensure	VERB
futech-487	106	16	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	106	17	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	106	18	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	106	19	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	106	20	did	do	AUX
futech-487	106	21	not	not	PART
futech-487	106	22	systematically	systematically	ADV
futech-487	106	23	bias	bias	VERB
futech-487	106	24	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	106	25	size	size	NOUN
futech-487	106	26	estimations	estimation	NOUN
futech-487	106	27	across	across	ADP
futech-487	106	28	the	the	DET
futech-487	106	29	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	106	30	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	106	31	analytic	analytic	ADJ
futech-487	106	32	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	106	33	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	107	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	107	2	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	107	3	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	107	4	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
futech-487	107	5	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	107	6	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	107	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	107	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	107	9	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	107	10	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	107	11	as	as	ADP
futech-487	107	12	moderating	moderate	VERB
futech-487	107	13	factors	factor	NOUN
futech-487	107	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	107	15	ensuring	ensure	VERB
futech-487	107	16	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	107	17	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
futech-487	107	18	appropriately	appropriately	ADV
futech-487	107	19	reflected	reflect	VERB
futech-487	107	20	the	the	DET
futech-487	107	21	strength	strength	NOUN
futech-487	107	22	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	107	23	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	107	24	of	of	ADP
futech-487	107	25	available	available	ADJ
futech-487	107	26	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	107	27	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	107	28	maintaining	maintain	VERB
futech-487	107	29	transparency	transparency	NOUN
futech-487	107	30	regarding	regard	VERB
futech-487	107	31	the	the	DET
futech-487	107	32	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
futech-487	107	33	decisions	decision	NOUN
futech-487	107	34	underlying	underlie	VERB
futech-487	107	35	the	the	DET
futech-487	107	36	thematic	thematic	ADJ
futech-487	107	37	categorizations	categorization	NOUN
futech-487	107	38	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	107	39	narrative	narrative	NOUN
futech-487	107	40	constructions	construction	NOUN
futech-487	107	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	108	1	3	3	X
futech-487	108	2	.	.	X
futech-487	108	3	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	108	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	108	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	108	6	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	108	7	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	108	8	yielded	yield	VERB
futech-487	108	9	38	38	NUM
futech-487	108	10	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	108	11	meeting	meet	VERB
futech-487	108	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	108	13	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	108	14	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	108	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	108	16	representing	represent	VERB
futech-487	108	17	a	a	DET
futech-487	108	18	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	108	19	body	body	NOUN
futech-487	108	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	108	21	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	108	22	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	108	23	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	108	24	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	108	25	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	108	26	within	within	ADP
futech-487	108	27	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	108	28	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	108	29	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	108	30	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	108	31	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	108	32	across	across	ADP
futech-487	108	33	multiple	multiple	ADJ
futech-487	108	34	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	108	35	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	108	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	109	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	109	2	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	109	3	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	109	4	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	109	5	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	109	6	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	109	7	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	109	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	109	9	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	109	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	109	11	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	109	12	1	1	NUM
futech-487	109	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	109	14	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	109	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	109	16	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	109	17	progression	progression	NOUN
futech-487	109	18	from	from	ADP
futech-487	109	19	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	109	20	identification	identification	NOUN
futech-487	109	21	through	through	ADP
futech-487	109	22	final	final	ADJ
futech-487	109	23	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	109	24	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	110	1	database	database	NOUN
futech-487	110	2	searches	search	VERB
futech-487	110	3	across	across	ADP
futech-487	110	4	web	web	NOUN
futech-487	110	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	110	6	science	science	NOUN
futech-487	110	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	110	8	n=412	n=412	NOUN
futech-487	110	9	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	110	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	110	11	scopus	scopus	PROPN
futech-487	110	12	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	110	13	n=523	n=523	NOUN
futech-487	110	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	110	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	110	16	eric	eric	PROPN
futech-487	110	17	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	110	18	n=287	n=287	NUM
futech-487	110	19	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	110	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	110	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	110	22	google	google	PROPN
futech-487	110	23	scholar	scholar	NOUN
futech-487	110	24	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	110	25	n=396	n=396	NOUN
futech-487	110	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	110	27	generated	generate	VERB
futech-487	110	28	1,618	1,618	NUM
futech-487	110	29	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	110	30	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	110	31	which	which	PRON
futech-487	110	32	were	be	AUX
futech-487	110	33	reduced	reduce	VERB
futech-487	110	34	to	to	ADP
futech-487	110	35	1,086	1,086	NUM
futech-487	110	36	following	follow	VERB
futech-487	110	37	duplicate	duplicate	ADJ
futech-487	110	38	removal	removal	NOUN
futech-487	110	39	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	111	1	title	title	NOUN
futech-487	111	2	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	111	3	abstract	abstract	ADJ
futech-487	111	4	screening	screening	NOUN
futech-487	111	5	eliminated	eliminate	VERB
futech-487	111	6	926	926	NUM
futech-487	111	7	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	111	8	that	that	PRON
futech-487	111	9	failed	fail	VERB
futech-487	111	10	to	to	PART
futech-487	111	11	meet	meet	VERB
futech-487	111	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	111	13	basic	basic	ADJ
futech-487	111	14	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	111	15	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	111	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	111	17	leaving	leave	VERB
futech-487	111	18	160	160	NUM
futech-487	111	19	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	111	20	for	for	ADP
futech-487	111	21	full	full	ADJ
futech-487	111	22	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	111	23	text	text	NOUN
futech-487	111	24	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	111	25	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	112	1	during	during	ADP
futech-487	112	2	the	the	DET
futech-487	112	3	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
futech-487	112	4	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
futech-487	112	5	phase	phase	NOUN
futech-487	112	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	112	7	122	122	NUM
futech-487	112	8	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	112	9	were	be	AUX
futech-487	112	10	excluded	exclude	VERB
futech-487	112	11	for	for	ADP
futech-487	112	12	various	various	ADJ
futech-487	112	13	reasons	reason	NOUN
futech-487	112	14	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	112	15	lack	lack	NOUN
futech-487	112	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	112	17	focus	focus	NOUN
futech-487	112	18	on	on	ADP
futech-487	112	19	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	112	20	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	112	21	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	112	22	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	112	23	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	112	24	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	112	25	n=48	n=48	NOUN
futech-487	112	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	112	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	112	28	absence	absence	NOUN
futech-487	112	29	of	of	ADP
futech-487	112	30	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	112	31	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	112	32	pathway	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	112	33	features	feature	NOUN
futech-487	112	34	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	112	35	n=37	n=37	PROPN
futech-487	112	36	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	112	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	112	38	non	non	ADJ
futech-487	112	39	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	112	40	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	112	41	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	112	42	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	112	43	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	112	44	n=23	n=23	PROPN
futech-487	112	45	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	112	46	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	112	47	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	112	48	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
futech-487	112	49	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	112	50	on	on	ADP
futech-487	112	51	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	112	52	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	112	53	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	112	54	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	112	55	n=14	n=14	NOUN
futech-487	112	56	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	112	57	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	113	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	113	2	final	final	ADJ
futech-487	113	3	corpus	corpus	NOUN
futech-487	113	4	comprised	comprise	VERB
futech-487	113	5	38	38	NUM
futech-487	113	6	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	113	7	that	that	PRON
futech-487	113	8	satisfied	satisfy	VERB
futech-487	113	9	all	all	DET
futech-487	113	10	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
futech-487	113	11	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	113	12	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	113	13	provided	provide	VERB
futech-487	113	14	substantive	substantive	ADJ
futech-487	113	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	113	16	regarding	regard	VERB
futech-487	113	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	113	18	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	113	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	113	20	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	113	21	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	113	22	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	113	23	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	113	24	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	113	25	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	113	26	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	113	27	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	113	28	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	113	29	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	113	30	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	113	31	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	113	32	04	04	NUM
futech-487	114	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	114	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	114	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	115	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	115	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	115	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	115	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	115	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	115	6	232	232	NUM
futech-487	115	7	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	115	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	115	9	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	115	10	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	115	11	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	115	12	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	115	13	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	115	14	for	for	ADP
futech-487	115	15	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	115	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	115	17	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	115	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	116	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	116	2	temporal	temporal	ADJ
futech-487	116	3	distribution	distribution	NOUN
futech-487	116	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	116	5	an	an	DET
futech-487	116	6	exponential	exponential	ADJ
futech-487	116	7	increase	increase	NOUN
futech-487	116	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	116	9	publications	publication	NOUN
futech-487	116	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	116	11	with	with	ADP
futech-487	116	12	71	71	NUM
futech-487	116	13	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	116	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	116	15	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	116	16	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	116	17	between	between	ADP
futech-487	116	18	2022	2022	NUM
futech-487	116	19	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	116	20	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	116	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	116	22	reflecting	reflect	VERB
futech-487	116	23	the	the	DET
futech-487	116	24	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	116	25	surge	surge	NOUN
futech-487	116	26	in	in	ADP
futech-487	116	27	generative	generative	ADJ
futech-487	116	28	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	116	29	capabilities	capability	NOUN
futech-487	116	30	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	116	31	their	their	PRON
futech-487	116	32	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	116	33	into	into	ADP
futech-487	116	34	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	116	35	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	116	36	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	116	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	117	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	117	2	rapid	rapid	ADJ
futech-487	117	3	growth	growth	NOUN
futech-487	117	4	pattern	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	117	5	is	be	AUX
futech-487	117	6	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	117	7	with	with	ADP
futech-487	117	8	senthil	senthil	NOUN
futech-487	117	9	's	's	PART
futech-487	117	10	bibliometric	bibliometric	ADJ
futech-487	117	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	117	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	117	13	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	117	14	in	in	ADP
futech-487	117	15	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	117	16	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	117	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	117	18	which	which	PRON
futech-487	117	19	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	117	20	a	a	DET
futech-487	117	21	300	300	NUM
futech-487	117	22	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	117	23	increase	increase	NOUN
futech-487	117	24	in	in	ADP
futech-487	117	25	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	117	26	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	117	27	related	relate	VERB
futech-487	117	28	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	117	29	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	117	30	publications	publication	NOUN
futech-487	117	31	following	follow	VERB
futech-487	117	32	the	the	DET
futech-487	117	33	release	release	NOUN
futech-487	117	34	of	of	ADP
futech-487	117	35	advanced	advanced	ADJ
futech-487	117	36	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	117	37	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	117	38	in	in	ADP
futech-487	117	39	2022	2022	NUM
futech-487	117	40	[	[	X
futech-487	117	41	27	27	NUM
futech-487	117	42	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	117	43	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	118	1	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	118	2	designs	design	NOUN
futech-487	118	3	encompassed	encompass	VERB
futech-487	118	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	118	5	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	118	6	quasi	quasi	ADJ
futech-487	118	7	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	118	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	118	9	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	118	10	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	118	11	n=22	n=22	PROPN
futech-487	118	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	118	13	57.9	57.9	NUM
futech-487	118	14	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	118	15	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	118	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	118	17	mixed	mixed	ADJ
futech-487	118	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	118	19	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	118	20	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	118	21	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	118	22	n=10	n=10	NOUN
futech-487	118	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	118	24	26.3	26.3	NUM
futech-487	118	25	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	118	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	118	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	118	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	118	29	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
futech-487	118	30	explorations	exploration	NOUN
futech-487	118	31	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	118	32	n=6	n=6	NOUN
futech-487	118	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	118	34	15.8	15.8	NUM
futech-487	118	35	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	118	36	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	118	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	118	38	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	118	39	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	118	40	diversity	diversity	NOUN
futech-487	118	41	in	in	ADP
futech-487	118	42	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	118	43	the	the	DET
futech-487	118	44	complex	complex	ADJ
futech-487	118	45	interactions	interaction	NOUN
futech-487	118	46	between	between	ADP
futech-487	118	47	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	118	48	affordances	affordance	NOUN
futech-487	118	49	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	118	50	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	118	51	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	118	52	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	119	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	119	2	predominance	predominance	NOUN
futech-487	119	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	119	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	119	5	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	119	6	quasi	quasi	ADJ
futech-487	119	7	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	119	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	119	9	designs	design	NOUN
futech-487	119	10	reflects	reflect	VERB
futech-487	119	11	what	what	PRON
futech-487	119	12	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	119	13	describes	describe	VERB
futech-487	119	14	as	as	ADP
futech-487	119	15	a	a	DET
futech-487	119	16	shift	shift	NOUN
futech-487	119	17	toward	toward	ADP
futech-487	119	18	more	more	ADV
futech-487	119	19	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
futech-487	119	20	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	119	21	validation	validation	NOUN
futech-487	119	22	of	of	ADP
futech-487	119	23	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	119	24	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	119	25	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	119	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	119	27	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	119	28	in	in	ADP
futech-487	119	29	specialized	specialized	ADJ
futech-487	119	30	domains	domain	NOUN
futech-487	119	31	like	like	ADP
futech-487	119	32	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	119	33	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	119	34	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	119	35	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	119	36	measurable	measurable	ADJ
futech-487	119	37	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	119	38	are	be	AUX
futech-487	119	39	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	119	40	for	for	ADP
futech-487	119	41	program	program	NOUN
futech-487	119	42	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
futech-487	119	43	[	[	X
futech-487	119	44	28	28	NUM
futech-487	119	45	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	119	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	120	1	identification	identification	NOUN
futech-487	120	2	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	120	3	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	120	4	through	through	ADP
futech-487	120	5	database	database	NOUN
futech-487	120	6	searching	searching	NOUN
futech-487	120	7	web	web	NOUN
futech-487	120	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	120	9	science	science	NOUN
futech-487	120	10	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	11	n=412),scopus	n=412),scopus	X
futech-487	120	12	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	13	n=523	n=523	NOUN
futech-487	120	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	120	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	120	16	eric(n=287),google	eric(n=287),google	PROPN
futech-487	120	17	scholar	scholar	NOUN
futech-487	120	18	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	19	n=396	n=396	NOUN
futech-487	120	20	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	120	21	total	total	ADJ
futech-487	120	22	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	120	23	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	24	n=1,618	n=1,618	NUM
futech-487	120	25	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	120	26	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	120	27	after	after	ADP
futech-487	120	28	duplicates	duplicate	NOUN
futech-487	120	29	removed	remove	VERB
futech-487	120	30	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	31	n=1,086	n=1,086	NOUN
futech-487	120	32	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	120	33	screening	screen	VERB
futech-487	120	34	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	120	35	screened	screen	VERB
futech-487	120	36	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	37	n=1,086	n=1,086	NOUN
futech-487	120	38	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	120	39	records	record	NOUN
futech-487	120	40	excluded	exclude	VERB
futech-487	120	41	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	120	42	n=926	n=926	NOUN
futech-487	120	43	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	1	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
futech-487	121	2	full	full	ADJ
futech-487	121	3	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	121	4	text	text	NOUN
futech-487	121	5	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	121	6	assessed	assess	VERB
futech-487	121	7	for	for	ADP
futech-487	121	8	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
futech-487	121	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	10	n=160	n=160	PROPN
futech-487	121	11	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	12	full	full	ADJ
futech-487	121	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	121	14	text	text	NOUN
futech-487	121	15	articles	article	NOUN
futech-487	121	16	excluded	exclude	VERB
futech-487	121	17	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	18	n=122	n=122	NOUN
futech-487	121	19	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	20	reasons	reason	NOUN
futech-487	121	21	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	121	22	·	·	PUNCT
futech-487	121	23	no	no	DET
futech-487	121	24	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	121	25	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	121	26	focus	focus	NOUN
futech-487	121	27	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	28	n=48	n=48	NOUN
futech-487	121	29	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	30	·	·	PUNCT
futech-487	121	31	no	no	DET
futech-487	121	32	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	121	33	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	121	34	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	35	n=37	n=37	PROPN
futech-487	121	36	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	37	·	·	PUNCT
futech-487	121	38	non	non	ADJ
futech-487	121	39	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	121	40	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	121	41	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	121	42	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	43	n=23	n=23	PROPN
futech-487	121	44	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	45	·	·	PUNCT
futech-487	121	46	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
futech-487	121	47	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	121	48	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	121	49	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	50	n=14	n=14	NOUN
futech-487	121	51	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	52	included	include	VERB
futech-487	121	53	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	121	54	included	include	VERB
futech-487	121	55	in	in	ADP
futech-487	121	56	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	121	57	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	121	58	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	121	59	n=38	n=38	NOUN
futech-487	121	60	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	121	61	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	121	62	1	1	NUM
futech-487	121	63	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	121	64	example	example	NOUN
futech-487	121	65	of	of	ADP
futech-487	121	66	a	a	DET
futech-487	121	67	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	121	68	with	with	ADP
futech-487	121	69	a	a	DET
futech-487	121	70	caption	caption	NOUN
futech-487	121	71	𝜌	𝜌	ADP
futech-487	121	72	𝐷	𝐷	PROPN
futech-487	121	73	�	�	PROPN
futech-487	121	74	⃗⃗	⃗⃗	PROPN
futech-487	121	75	�	�	PROPN
futech-487	122	1	𝐷𝑡	𝐷𝑡	NOUN
futech-487	122	2	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	122	3	−𝛻𝑝	−𝛻𝑝	NOUN
futech-487	122	4	+	+	CCONJ
futech-487	122	5	𝜌𝑔	𝜌𝑔	ADP
futech-487	122	6	+	+	ADJ
futech-487	122	7	𝜇𝛻2	𝜇𝛻2	ADJ
futech-487	122	8	�	�	NOUN
futech-487	122	9	⃗	⃗	NOUN
futech-487	122	10	�	�	PROPN
futech-487	122	11	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	122	12	1	1	NUM
futech-487	122	13	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	122	14	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	122	15	1	1	NUM
futech-487	122	16	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	122	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	122	18	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	122	19	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	122	20	search	search	NOUN
futech-487	122	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	122	22	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	122	23	process	process	NOUN
futech-487	122	24	for	for	ADP
futech-487	122	25	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	122	26	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	122	27	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	122	28	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	122	29	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	122	30	in	in	ADP
futech-487	122	31	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	122	32	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	122	33	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	122	34	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	122	35	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	122	36	for	for	ADP
futech-487	122	37	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	122	38	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	122	39	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
futech-487	122	40	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	123	1	geographic	geographic	ADJ
futech-487	123	2	distribution	distribution	NOUN
futech-487	123	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	123	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	123	5	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	123	6	concentration	concentration	NOUN
futech-487	123	7	in	in	ADP
futech-487	123	8	east	east	ADJ
futech-487	123	9	asian	asian	ADJ
futech-487	123	10	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	123	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	123	12	with	with	ADP
futech-487	123	13	china	china	PROPN
futech-487	123	14	contributing	contribute	VERB
futech-487	123	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	123	16	largest	large	ADJ
futech-487	123	17	proportion	proportion	NOUN
futech-487	123	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	123	19	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	123	20	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	123	21	n=16	n=16	NOUN
futech-487	123	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	123	23	42.1	42.1	NUM
futech-487	123	24	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	123	25	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	123	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	123	27	followed	follow	VERB
futech-487	123	28	by	by	ADP
futech-487	123	29	south	south	PROPN
futech-487	123	30	korea	korea	PROPN
futech-487	123	31	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	123	32	n=5	n=5	PROPN
futech-487	123	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	123	34	13.2	13.2	NUM
futech-487	123	35	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	123	36	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	123	37	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	123	38	japan	japan	PROPN
futech-487	123	39	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	123	40	n=4	n=4	PROPN
futech-487	123	41	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	123	42	10.5	10.5	NUM
futech-487	123	43	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	123	44	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	123	45	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	124	1	european	european	PROPN
futech-487	124	2	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	124	3	contributed	contribute	VERB
futech-487	124	4	21.1	21.1	NUM
futech-487	124	5	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	124	6	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	124	7	n=8	n=8	NUM
futech-487	124	8	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	124	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	124	10	the	the	DET
futech-487	124	11	corpus	corpus	NOUN
futech-487	124	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	124	13	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	124	14	north	north	ADJ
futech-487	124	15	american	american	ADJ
futech-487	124	16	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	124	17	comprised	comprise	VERB
futech-487	124	18	13.2	13.2	NUM
futech-487	124	19	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	124	20	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	124	21	n=5	n=5	PROPN
futech-487	124	22	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	124	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	125	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	125	2	geographic	geographic	ADJ
futech-487	125	3	clustering	clustering	NOUN
futech-487	125	4	reflects	reflect	VERB
futech-487	125	5	both	both	CCONJ
futech-487	125	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	125	7	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	125	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	125	9	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	125	10	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
futech-487	125	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	125	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	125	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	125	14	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
futech-487	125	15	on	on	ADP
futech-487	125	16	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	125	17	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	125	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	125	19	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	125	20	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	125	21	within	within	ADP
futech-487	125	22	these	these	DET
futech-487	125	23	regions	region	NOUN
futech-487	125	24	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	126	1	sample	sample	NOUN
futech-487	126	2	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	126	3	varied	vary	VERB
futech-487	126	4	considerably	considerably	ADV
futech-487	126	5	across	across	ADP
futech-487	126	6	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	126	8	ranging	range	VERB
futech-487	126	9	from	from	ADP
futech-487	126	10	small	small	ADJ
futech-487	126	11	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	126	12	scale	scale	NOUN
futech-487	126	13	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
futech-487	126	14	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	126	15	with	with	ADP
futech-487	126	16	15	15	NUM
futech-487	126	17	-	-	SYM
futech-487	126	18	20	20	NUM
futech-487	126	19	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	126	20	to	to	ADP
futech-487	126	21	larger	large	ADJ
futech-487	126	22	implementations	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	126	23	involving	involve	VERB
futech-487	126	24	200	200	NUM
futech-487	126	25	-	-	SYM
futech-487	126	26	300	300	NUM
futech-487	126	27	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	126	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	126	29	with	with	ADP
futech-487	126	30	a	a	DET
futech-487	126	31	median	median	ADJ
futech-487	126	32	sample	sample	NOUN
futech-487	126	33	size	size	NOUN
futech-487	126	34	of	of	ADP
futech-487	126	35	68	68	NUM
futech-487	126	36	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	126	37	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	126	38	iqr	iqr	NOUN
futech-487	126	39	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	126	40	35	35	NUM
futech-487	126	41	-	-	SYM
futech-487	126	42	124	124	NUM
futech-487	126	43	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	126	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	127	1	participant	participant	ADJ
futech-487	127	2	demographics	demographic	NOUN
futech-487	127	3	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
futech-487	127	4	featured	feature	VERB
futech-487	127	5	undergraduate	undergraduate	ADJ
futech-487	127	6	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	127	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	127	8	n=25	n=25	ADV
futech-487	127	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	127	10	65.8	65.8	NUM
futech-487	127	11	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	127	12	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	127	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	127	14	with	with	ADP
futech-487	127	15	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	127	16	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	127	17	majors	major	NOUN
futech-487	127	18	constituting	constitute	VERB
futech-487	127	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	127	20	primary	primary	ADJ
futech-487	127	21	population	population	NOUN
futech-487	127	22	in	in	ADP
futech-487	127	23	21	21	NUM
futech-487	127	24	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	127	25	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	127	26	55.3	55.3	NUM
futech-487	127	27	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	127	28	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	127	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	127	30	followed	follow	VERB
futech-487	127	31	by	by	ADP
futech-487	127	32	general	general	ADJ
futech-487	127	33	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	127	34	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	127	35	in	in	ADP
futech-487	127	36	professional	professional	ADJ
futech-487	127	37	contexts	context	NOUN
futech-487	127	38	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	127	39	n=11	n=11	NOUN
futech-487	127	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	127	41	28.9	28.9	NUM
futech-487	127	42	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	127	43	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	127	44	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	127	45	in	in	ADP
futech-487	127	46	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	127	47	service	service	NOUN
futech-487	127	48	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	127	49	professionals	professional	NOUN
futech-487	127	50	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	127	51	n=6	n=6	NOUN
futech-487	127	52	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	127	53	15.8	15.8	NUM
futech-487	127	54	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	127	55	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	127	56	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	128	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	128	2	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	128	3	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	128	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	128	5	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	128	6	spanned	span	VERB
futech-487	128	7	from	from	ADP
futech-487	128	8	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	128	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	128	10	b1	b1	NOUN
futech-487	128	11	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	128	12	b2	b2	NOUN
futech-487	128	13	cefr	cefr	NOUN
futech-487	128	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	128	15	to	to	PART
futech-487	128	16	advanced	advanced	ADJ
futech-487	128	17	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	128	18	c1	c1	PROPN
futech-487	128	19	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	128	20	c2	c2	PROPN
futech-487	128	21	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	128	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	128	23	with	with	SCONJ
futech-487	128	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	128	25	majority	majority	NOUN
futech-487	128	26	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
futech-487	128	27	at	at	ADP
futech-487	128	28	upper	upper	ADJ
futech-487	128	29	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	128	30	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	128	31	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	128	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	128	33	suggesting	suggest	VERB
futech-487	128	34	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	128	35	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	128	36	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	128	37	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	128	38	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	128	39	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	128	40	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	128	41	are	be	AUX
futech-487	128	42	primarily	primarily	ADV
futech-487	128	43	designed	design	VERB
futech-487	128	44	for	for	ADP
futech-487	128	45	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	128	46	with	with	ADP
futech-487	128	47	established	establish	VERB
futech-487	128	48	foundational	foundational	ADJ
futech-487	128	49	competencies	competency	NOUN
futech-487	128	50	rather	rather	ADV
futech-487	128	51	than	than	ADP
futech-487	128	52	beginners	beginner	NOUN
futech-487	128	53	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	129	1	4	4	X
futech-487	129	2	.	.	X
futech-487	129	3	thematic	thematic	ADJ
futech-487	129	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	129	5	results	result	VERB
futech-487	129	6	4.1	4.1	NUM
futech-487	129	7	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	129	8	pathway	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	129	9	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	129	10	features	feature	VERB
futech-487	129	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	129	12	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	129	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	129	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	129	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	129	16	38	38	NUM
futech-487	129	17	included	include	VERB
futech-487	129	18	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	129	19	reveals	reveal	VERB
futech-487	129	20	distinct	distinct	ADJ
futech-487	129	21	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	129	22	in	in	ADP
futech-487	129	23	the	the	DET
futech-487	129	24	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
futech-487	129	25	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	129	26	underlying	underlie	VERB
futech-487	129	27	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	129	28	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	129	29	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	129	30	within	within	ADP
futech-487	129	31	aipowered	aipowered	ADJ
futech-487	129	32	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	129	33	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	129	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	130	1	machine	machine	NOUN
futech-487	130	2	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	130	3	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	130	4	employed	employ	VERB
futech-487	130	5	in	in	ADP
futech-487	130	6	these	these	DET
futech-487	130	7	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	130	8	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
futech-487	130	9	fall	fall	VERB
futech-487	130	10	into	into	ADP
futech-487	130	11	three	three	NUM
futech-487	130	12	categories	category	NOUN
futech-487	130	13	with	with	ADP
futech-487	130	14	distinct	distinct	ADJ
futech-487	130	15	technical	technical	ADJ
futech-487	130	16	specifications	specification	NOUN
futech-487	130	17	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	130	18	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	130	19	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	130	20	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	130	21	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	130	22	n=15	n=15	PROPN
futech-487	130	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	130	24	39.5	39.5	NUM
futech-487	130	25	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	130	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	130	27	utilizing	utilize	VERB
futech-487	130	28	matrix	matrix	NOUN
futech-487	130	29	factorization	factorization	NOUN
futech-487	130	30	techniques	technique	NOUN
futech-487	130	31	with	with	ADP
futech-487	130	32	50	50	NUM
futech-487	130	33	-	-	SYM
futech-487	130	34	200	200	NUM
futech-487	130	35	latent	latent	NOUN
futech-487	130	36	factors	factor	NOUN
futech-487	130	37	trained	train	VERB
futech-487	130	38	on	on	ADP
futech-487	130	39	datasets	dataset	NOUN
futech-487	130	40	ranging	range	VERB
futech-487	130	41	from	from	ADP
futech-487	130	42	10,000	10,000	NUM
futech-487	130	43	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	130	44	150,000	150,000	NUM
futech-487	130	45	user	user	NOUN
futech-487	130	46	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	130	47	item	item	NOUN
futech-487	130	48	interactions	interaction	NOUN
futech-487	130	49	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	130	50	deep	deep	ADJ
futech-487	130	51	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	130	52	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	130	53	based	base	VERB
futech-487	130	54	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	130	55	networks	network	NOUN
futech-487	130	56	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	130	57	n=12	n=12	PROPN
futech-487	130	58	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	130	59	31.6	31.6	NUM
futech-487	130	60	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	130	61	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	130	62	implementing	implement	VERB
futech-487	130	63	lstm	lstm	ADJ
futech-487	130	64	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	130	65	with	with	ADP
futech-487	130	66	128	128	NUM
futech-487	130	67	-	-	SYM
futech-487	130	68	512	512	NUM
futech-487	130	69	hidden	hide	VERB
futech-487	130	70	units	unit	NOUN
futech-487	130	71	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	130	72	attention	attention	NOUN
futech-487	130	73	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	130	74	trained	train	VERB
futech-487	130	75	on	on	ADP
futech-487	130	76	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	130	77	corpora	corpus	NOUN
futech-487	130	78	containing	contain	VERB
futech-487	130	79	200	200	NUM
futech-487	130	80	-	-	SYM
futech-487	130	81	800	800	NUM
futech-487	130	82	hours	hour	NOUN
futech-487	130	83	of	of	ADP
futech-487	130	84	annotated	annotate	VERB
futech-487	130	85	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	130	86	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	130	87	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	130	88	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	130	89	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	130	90	recommendation	recommendation	NOUN
futech-487	130	91	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	130	92	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	130	93	n=11	n=11	PROPN
futech-487	130	94	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	130	95	28.9	28.9	NUM
futech-487	130	96	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	130	97	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	130	98	combining	combine	VERB
futech-487	130	99	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	130	100	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	130	101	content	content	NOUN
futech-487	130	102	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	130	103	based	base	VERB
futech-487	130	104	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	130	105	through	through	ADP
futech-487	130	106	ensemble	ensemble	ADJ
futech-487	130	107	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	130	108	with	with	ADP
futech-487	130	109	weighted	weight	VERB
futech-487	130	110	averaging	averaging	NOUN
futech-487	130	111	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
futech-487	130	112	optimized	optimize	VERB
futech-487	130	113	via	via	ADP
futech-487	130	114	cross	cross	NOUN
futech-487	130	115	-	-	NOUN
futech-487	130	116	validation	validation	NOUN
futech-487	130	117	on	on	ADP
futech-487	130	118	5,000	5,000	NUM
futech-487	130	119	-	-	SYM
futech-487	130	120	25,000	25,000	NUM
futech-487	130	121	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	130	122	profiles	profile	NOUN
futech-487	130	123	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	131	1	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	131	2	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	131	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	131	4	through	through	ADP
futech-487	131	5	funnel	funnel	NOUN
futech-487	131	6	plot	plot	NOUN
futech-487	131	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	131	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	131	9	egger	egger	NOUN
futech-487	131	10	's	's	PART
futech-487	131	11	regression	regression	NOUN
futech-487	131	12	test	test	NOUN
futech-487	131	13	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	131	14	asymmetrical	asymmetrical	ADJ
futech-487	131	15	distribution	distribution	NOUN
futech-487	131	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	131	17	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	131	18	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	131	19	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	131	20	p	p	X
futech-487	131	21	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	131	22	0.031	0.031	NUM
futech-487	131	23	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	131	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	131	25	indicating	indicate	VERB
futech-487	131	26	potential	potential	ADJ
futech-487	131	27	small	small	ADJ
futech-487	131	28	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	131	29	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	131	30	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	131	31	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	131	32	smaller	small	ADJ
futech-487	131	33	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	131	34	reported	report	VERB
futech-487	131	35	larger	large	ADJ
futech-487	131	36	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	131	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	131	38	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	131	39	trimand	trimand	ADJ
futech-487	131	40	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	131	41	fill	fill	NOUN
futech-487	131	42	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	131	43	suggested	suggest	VERB
futech-487	131	44	minimal	minimal	ADJ
futech-487	131	45	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	131	46	on	on	ADP
futech-487	131	47	overall	overall	ADJ
futech-487	131	48	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
futech-487	131	49	with	with	ADP
futech-487	131	50	adjusted	adjusted	ADJ
futech-487	131	51	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	131	52	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	131	53	remaining	remain	VERB
futech-487	131	54	statistically	statistically	ADV
futech-487	131	55	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	131	56	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	132	1	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	132	2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	132	3	in	in	ADP
futech-487	132	4	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	132	5	2	2	NUM
futech-487	132	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	132	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	132	8	funnel	funnel	NOUN
futech-487	132	9	plot	plot	NOUN
futech-487	132	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
futech-487	132	11	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	132	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	132	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
futech-487	132	14	between	between	ADP
futech-487	132	15	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	132	16	precision	precision	NOUN
futech-487	132	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	132	18	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	132	19	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
futech-487	132	20	across	across	ADP
futech-487	132	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	132	22	included	include	VERB
futech-487	132	23	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	132	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	132	25	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	132	26	subgroup	subgroup	PROPN
futech-487	132	27	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	132	28	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	132	29	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	132	30	confirmed	confirm	VERB
futech-487	132	31	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	132	32	network	network	NOUN
futech-487	132	33	superiority	superiority	NOUN
futech-487	132	34	with	with	ADP
futech-487	132	35	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	132	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	132	37	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	132	38	of	of	ADP
futech-487	132	39	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	132	40	's	's	PART
futech-487	132	41	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	132	42	=	=	SYM
futech-487	132	43	2.14	2.14	NUM
futech-487	132	44	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	132	45	95	95	NUM
futech-487	132	46	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	132	47	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	132	48	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	132	49	1.89	1.89	NUM
futech-487	132	50	-	-	SYM
futech-487	132	51	2.39	2.39	NUM
futech-487	132	52	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	132	53	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	132	54	to	to	ADP
futech-487	132	55	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	132	56	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	132	57	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	132	58	achieving	achieve	VERB
futech-487	132	59	d	d	X
futech-487	132	60	=	=	SYM
futech-487	132	61	1.67	1.67	NUM
futech-487	132	62	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	132	63	95	95	NUM
futech-487	132	64	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	132	65	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	132	66	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	132	67	1.42	1.42	NUM
futech-487	132	68	-	-	SYM
futech-487	132	69	1.92	1.92	NUM
futech-487	132	70	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	132	71	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	132	72	representing	represent	VERB
futech-487	132	73	a	a	DET
futech-487	132	74	statistically	statistically	ADV
futech-487	132	75	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	132	76	between	between	ADP
futech-487	132	77	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	132	78	group	group	NOUN
futech-487	132	79	difference	difference	NOUN
futech-487	132	80	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	132	81	q	q	NOUN
futech-487	132	82	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	132	83	12.43	12.43	NUM
futech-487	132	84	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	132	85	p	p	X
futech-487	132	86	<	<	X
futech-487	132	87	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	132	88	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	132	89	that	that	PRON
futech-487	132	90	validates	validate	VERB
futech-487	132	91	the	the	DET
futech-487	132	92	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	132	93	preference	preference	NOUN
futech-487	132	94	for	for	ADP
futech-487	132	95	deep	deep	ADJ
futech-487	132	96	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	132	97	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	132	98	in	in	ADP
futech-487	132	99	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	132	100	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	132	101	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	132	102	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	132	103	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	133	1	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	133	2	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	133	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	133	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	133	5	superior	superior	ADJ
futech-487	133	6	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	133	7	in	in	ADP
futech-487	133	8	identifying	identify	VERB
futech-487	133	9	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	133	10	preferences	preference	NOUN
futech-487	133	11	based	base	VERB
futech-487	133	12	on	on	ADP
futech-487	133	13	historical	historical	ADJ
futech-487	133	14	interaction	interaction	NOUN
futech-487	133	15	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	133	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	133	17	achieving	achieve	VERB
futech-487	133	18	an	an	DET
futech-487	133	19	average	average	ADJ
futech-487	133	20	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	133	21	of	of	ADP
futech-487	133	22	34.7	34.7	NUM
futech-487	133	23	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	133	24	in	in	ADP
futech-487	133	25	user	user	NOUN
futech-487	133	26	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	133	27	metrics	metric	NOUN
futech-487	133	28	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	133	29	to	to	ADP
futech-487	133	30	non	non	ADJ
futech-487	133	31	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	133	32	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	133	33	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	133	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	134	1	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	134	2	network	network	PROPN
futech-487	134	3	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	134	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	134	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	134	6	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
futech-487	134	7	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	134	8	networks	network	NOUN
futech-487	134	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	134	10	rnns	rnns	PROPN
futech-487	134	11	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	134	12	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	134	13	transformer	transformer	NOUN
futech-487	134	14	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	134	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	134	16	excel	excel	VERB
futech-487	134	17	in	in	ADP
futech-487	134	18	analyzing	analyze	VERB
futech-487	134	19	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	134	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	134	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	134	22	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	134	23	real	real	ADJ
futech-487	134	24	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	134	25	time	time	NOUN
futech-487	134	26	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	134	27	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	134	28	with	with	ADP
futech-487	134	29	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	134	30	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	134	31	reaching	reach	VERB
futech-487	134	32	87.3	87.3	NUM
futech-487	134	33	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	134	34	for	for	ADP
futech-487	134	35	tonal	tonal	ADJ
futech-487	134	36	languages	language	NOUN
futech-487	134	37	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	134	38	as	as	ADP
futech-487	134	39	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
futech-487	134	40	chinese	chinese	PROPN
futech-487	134	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	135	1	subgroup	subgroup	PROPN
futech-487	135	2	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	135	3	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	135	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	135	5	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	135	6	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	135	7	differences	difference	NOUN
futech-487	135	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	135	9	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	135	10	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	135	11	across	across	ADP
futech-487	135	12	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
futech-487	135	13	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	135	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	135	15	with	with	ADP
futech-487	135	16	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	135	17	network	network	NOUN
futech-487	135	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	135	19	based	base	VERB
futech-487	135	20	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	135	21	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	135	22	superior	superior	ADJ
futech-487	135	23	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	135	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	135	25	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	135	26	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	135	27	cohen	cohen	NOUN
futech-487	135	28	's	's	PART
futech-487	135	29	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	135	30	=	=	PROPN
futech-487	135	31	2.14	2.14	NUM
futech-487	135	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	136	1	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	136	2	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	136	3	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	136	4	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	136	5	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	136	6	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	136	7	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	136	8	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	136	9	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	136	10	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	136	11	04	04	NUM
futech-487	137	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	137	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	137	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	138	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	138	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	138	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	138	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	138	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	138	6	233	233	NUM
futech-487	138	7	95	95	NUM
futech-487	138	8	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	138	9	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	138	10	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	138	11	1.89	1.89	NUM
futech-487	138	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	138	13	2.39	2.39	NUM
futech-487	138	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	138	15	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	138	16	to	to	ADP
futech-487	138	17	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	138	18	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	138	19	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	138	20	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	138	21	cohen	cohen	NOUN
futech-487	138	22	's	's	PART
futech-487	138	23	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	138	24	=	=	SYM
futech-487	138	25	1.67	1.67	NUM
futech-487	138	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	138	27	95	95	NUM
futech-487	138	28	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	138	29	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	138	30	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	138	31	1.42	1.42	NUM
futech-487	138	32	-	-	SYM
futech-487	138	33	1.92	1.92	NUM
futech-487	138	34	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	138	35	p	p	X
futech-487	138	36	<	<	X
futech-487	138	37	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	138	38	for	for	ADP
futech-487	138	39	between	between	ADP
futech-487	138	40	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	138	41	group	group	NOUN
futech-487	138	42	difference	difference	NOUN
futech-487	138	43	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	138	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	139	1	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	139	2	recommendation	recommendation	NOUN
futech-487	139	3	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	139	4	achieved	achieve	VERB
futech-487	139	5	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	139	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	139	7	for	for	ADP
futech-487	139	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	139	9	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	139	10	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	139	11	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	139	12	's	's	PART
futech-487	139	13	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	139	14	=	=	PROPN
futech-487	139	15	1.58	1.58	NUM
futech-487	139	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	139	17	95	95	NUM
futech-487	139	18	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	139	19	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	139	20	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	139	21	1.31	1.31	NUM
futech-487	139	22	-	-	SYM
futech-487	139	23	1.85	1.85	NUM
futech-487	139	24	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	139	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	139	26	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	139	27	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	139	28	networks	network	NOUN
futech-487	139	29	maintained	maintain	VERB
futech-487	139	30	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	139	31	advantages	advantage	NOUN
futech-487	139	32	across	across	ADP
futech-487	139	33	all	all	DET
futech-487	139	34	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	139	35	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	139	36	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	139	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	139	38	suggesting	suggest	VERB
futech-487	139	39	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	139	40	deep	deep	ADJ
futech-487	139	41	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	139	42	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	139	43	provide	provide	VERB
futech-487	139	44	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	139	45	robust	robust	ADJ
futech-487	139	46	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	139	47	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	139	48	for	for	ADP
futech-487	139	49	complex	complex	ADJ
futech-487	139	50	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
futech-487	139	51	skill	skill	NOUN
futech-487	139	52	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	139	53	than	than	ADP
futech-487	139	54	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	139	55	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
futech-487	139	56	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	139	57	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	140	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	140	2	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	140	3	’	'	PUNCT
futech-487	140	4	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	140	5	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	140	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	140	7	not	not	PART
futech-487	140	8	all	all	PRON
futech-487	140	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	140	10	them	they	PRON
futech-487	140	11	equally	equally	ADV
futech-487	140	12	complex	complex	ADJ
futech-487	140	13	see	see	VERB
futech-487	140	14	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	140	15	to	to	PART
futech-487	140	16	respond	respond	VERB
futech-487	140	17	to	to	ADP
futech-487	140	18	varying	vary	VERB
futech-487	140	19	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	140	20	featuresprovide	featuresprovide	NOUN
futech-487	140	21	a	a	DET
futech-487	140	22	major	major	ADJ
futech-487	140	23	feature	feature	NOUN
futech-487	140	24	over	over	ADP
futech-487	140	25	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	140	26	case	case	NOUN
futech-487	140	27	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	140	28	in	in	ADP
futech-487	140	29	the	the	DET
futech-487	140	30	sense	sense	NOUN
futech-487	140	31	of	of	ADP
futech-487	140	32	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	140	33	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
futech-487	140	34	objectives	objective	NOUN
futech-487	140	35	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	140	36	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	140	37	to	to	ADP
futech-487	140	38	the	the	DET
futech-487	140	39	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	140	40	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	141	1	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
futech-487	141	2	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
futech-487	141	3	adjustment	adjustment	NOUN
futech-487	141	4	solutions	solution	NOUN
futech-487	141	5	track	track	VERB
futech-487	141	6	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	141	7	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	141	8	with	with	ADP
futech-487	141	9	respect	respect	NOUN
futech-487	141	10	to	to	ADP
futech-487	141	11	various	various	ADJ
futech-487	141	12	aspects	aspect	NOUN
futech-487	141	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	141	14	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	141	15	as	as	ADP
futech-487	141	16	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	141	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	141	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	141	19	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	141	20	in	in	ADP
futech-487	141	21	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	141	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	141	23	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	141	24	task	task	NOUN
futech-487	141	25	completion	completion	NOUN
futech-487	141	26	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	141	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	141	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	141	29	adapt	adapt	VERB
futech-487	141	30	content	content	NOUN
futech-487	141	31	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
futech-487	141	32	on	on	ADP
futech-487	141	33	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	141	34	the	the	DET
futech-487	141	35	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	141	36	fly	fly	NOUN
futech-487	141	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	142	1	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	142	2	using	use	VERB
futech-487	142	3	item	item	NOUN
futech-487	142	4	response	response	NOUN
futech-487	142	5	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	142	6	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	142	7	irt	irt	PROPN
futech-487	142	8	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	142	9	on	on	ADP
futech-487	142	10	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
futech-487	142	11	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	142	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	142	13	experience	experience	NOUN
futech-487	142	14	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	142	15	iqoe	iqoe	NOUN
futech-487	142	16	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	142	17	for	for	ADP
futech-487	142	18	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	142	19	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	142	20	paths	path	NOUN
futech-487	142	21	bear	bear	VERB
futech-487	142	22	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	142	23	gains	gain	NOUN
futech-487	142	24	in	in	ADP
futech-487	142	25	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	142	26	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
futech-487	142	27	–	–	PUNCT
futech-487	142	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
futech-487	142	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	142	30	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	142	31	reach	reach	VERB
futech-487	142	32	the	the	DET
futech-487	142	33	target	target	NOUN
futech-487	142	34	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	142	35	42	42	NUM
futech-487	142	36	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	142	37	faster	fast	ADV
futech-487	142	38	than	than	SCONJ
futech-487	142	39	if	if	SCONJ
futech-487	142	40	a	a	DET
futech-487	142	41	static	static	ADJ
futech-487	142	42	path	path	NOUN
futech-487	142	43	were	be	AUX
futech-487	142	44	employed	employ	VERB
futech-487	142	45	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	143	1	with	with	ADP
futech-487	143	2	the	the	DET
futech-487	143	3	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
futech-487	143	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	143	5	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
futech-487	143	6	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	143	7	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	143	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	143	9	there	there	PRON
futech-487	143	10	is	be	VERB
futech-487	143	11	a	a	DET
futech-487	143	12	continuous	continuous	ADJ
futech-487	143	13	optimization	optimization	NOUN
futech-487	143	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	143	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	143	16	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	143	17	sequences	sequence	NOUN
futech-487	143	18	using	use	VERB
futech-487	143	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	143	20	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	143	21	from	from	ADP
futech-487	143	22	the	the	DET
futech-487	143	23	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	143	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	143	25	leading	lead	VERB
futech-487	143	26	to	to	ADP
futech-487	143	27	a	a	DET
futech-487	143	28	more	more	ADV
futech-487	143	29	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	143	30	more	more	ADV
futech-487	143	31	customized	customized	ADJ
futech-487	143	32	experience	experience	NOUN
futech-487	143	33	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	143	34	the	the	DET
futech-487	143	35	users	user	NOUN
futech-487	143	36	use	use	VERB
futech-487	143	37	the	the	DET
futech-487	143	38	system	system	NOUN
futech-487	143	39	over	over	ADP
futech-487	143	40	time	time	NOUN
futech-487	143	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	144	1	comparative	comparative	ADJ
futech-487	144	2	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	144	3	between	between	ADP
futech-487	144	4	ai	ai	ADV
futech-487	144	5	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	144	6	driven	drive	VERB
futech-487	144	7	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	144	8	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	144	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	144	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	144	11	instructor	instructor	NOUN
futech-487	144	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	144	13	led	lead	VERB
futech-487	144	14	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	144	15	reveal	reveal	VERB
futech-487	144	16	complex	complex	ADJ
futech-487	144	17	trade	trade	NOUN
futech-487	144	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	144	19	offs	off	NOUN
futech-487	144	20	in	in	ADP
futech-487	144	21	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	144	22	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	144	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	145	1	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	145	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	145	3	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	145	4	maintain	maintain	VERB
futech-487	145	5	advantages	advantage	NOUN
futech-487	145	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	145	7	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	145	8	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
futech-487	145	9	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	145	10	context	context	NOUN
futech-487	145	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	145	12	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
futech-487	145	13	conversational	conversational	ADJ
futech-487	145	14	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	145	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	145	16	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	145	17	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	145	18	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	145	19	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	145	20	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	145	21	superior	superior	ADJ
futech-487	145	22	consistency	consistency	NOUN
futech-487	145	23	in	in	ADP
futech-487	145	24	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	145	25	provision	provision	NOUN
futech-487	145	26	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	145	27	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	145	28	for	for	ADP
futech-487	145	29	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	145	30	sessions	session	NOUN
futech-487	145	31	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	145	32	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	145	33	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	145	34	in	in	ADP
futech-487	145	35	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	145	36	2	2	NUM
futech-487	145	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	145	38	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	145	39	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	145	40	in	in	ADP
futech-487	145	41	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	145	42	1	1	NUM
futech-487	145	43	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	145	44	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
futech-487	145	45	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
futech-487	145	46	across	across	ADP
futech-487	145	47	six	six	NUM
futech-487	145	48	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	145	49	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	145	50	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	145	51	indicate	indicate	VERB
futech-487	145	52	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	145	53	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	145	54	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	145	55	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	145	56	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	145	57	achieve	achieve	VERB
futech-487	145	58	significantly	significantly	ADV
futech-487	145	59	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	145	60	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	145	61	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	145	62	in	in	ADP
futech-487	145	63	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	145	64	consistency	consistency	NOUN
futech-487	145	65	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	145	66	92.0±3.2	92.0±3.2	NOUN
futech-487	145	67	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	145	68	65.0±5.4	65.0±5.4	NUM
futech-487	145	69	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	145	70	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	145	71	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	145	72	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	145	73	98.0±1.8	98.0±1.8	NUM
futech-487	145	74	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	145	75	42.0±6.2	42.0±6.2	NUM
futech-487	145	76	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	145	77	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	145	78	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	145	79	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	145	80	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	145	81	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	145	82	88.0±4.1	88.0±4.1	NUM
futech-487	145	83	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	145	84	35.0±4.9	35.0±4.9	NUM
futech-487	145	85	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	145	86	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	145	87	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	145	88	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	145	89	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	145	90	excel	excel	VERB
futech-487	145	91	in	in	ADP
futech-487	145	92	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	145	93	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
futech-487	145	94	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	145	95	85.0±3.8	85.0±3.8	NUM
futech-487	145	96	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	145	97	45.0±5.6	45.0±5.6	NUM
futech-487	145	98	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	145	99	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	145	100	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
futech-487	145	101	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	145	102	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
futech-487	145	103	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	145	104	92.0±3.1	92.0±3.1	NUM
futech-487	145	105	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	145	106	38.0±4.8	38.0±4.8	NUM
futech-487	145	107	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	145	108	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	146	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	146	2	complementary	complementary	ADJ
futech-487	146	3	strengths	strength	NOUN
futech-487	146	4	suggest	suggest	VERB
futech-487	146	5	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	146	6	optimal	optimal	ADJ
futech-487	146	7	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	146	8	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	146	9	may	may	AUX
futech-487	146	10	emerge	emerge	VERB
futech-487	146	11	from	from	ADP
futech-487	146	12	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	146	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	146	14	that	that	PRON
futech-487	146	15	leverage	leverage	VERB
futech-487	146	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	146	17	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	146	18	advantages	advantage	NOUN
futech-487	146	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	146	20	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	146	21	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	146	22	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	146	23	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	146	24	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	146	25	preserving	preserve	VERB
futech-487	146	26	the	the	DET
futech-487	146	27	authentic	authentic	ADJ
futech-487	146	28	communicative	communicative	ADJ
futech-487	146	29	experiences	experience	NOUN
futech-487	146	30	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	146	31	by	by	ADP
futech-487	146	32	human	human	ADJ
futech-487	146	33	instructors	instructor	NOUN
futech-487	146	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	147	1	figure	figure	VERB
futech-487	147	2	2	2	NUM
futech-487	147	3	presents	present	VERB
futech-487	147	4	a	a	DET
futech-487	147	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	147	6	comparison	comparison	NOUN
futech-487	147	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	147	8	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	147	9	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	147	10	between	between	ADP
futech-487	147	11	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	147	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	147	13	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	147	14	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	147	15	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	147	16	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	147	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	147	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	147	19	instructional	instructional	ADJ
futech-487	147	20	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	147	21	across	across	ADP
futech-487	147	22	six	six	NUM
futech-487	147	23	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	147	24	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	147	25	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	147	26	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	148	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	148	2	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	148	3	represent	represent	VERB
futech-487	148	4	aggregated	aggregate	VERB
futech-487	148	5	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	148	6	from	from	ADP
futech-487	148	7	38	38	NUM
futech-487	148	8	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	148	9	included	include	VERB
futech-487	148	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	148	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	148	12	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	148	13	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	148	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	148	15	with	with	ADP
futech-487	148	16	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	148	17	measured	measure	VERB
futech-487	148	18	on	on	ADP
futech-487	148	19	a	a	DET
futech-487	148	20	standardized	standardized	ADJ
futech-487	148	21	100	100	NUM
futech-487	148	22	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	148	23	point	point	NOUN
futech-487	148	24	scale	scale	NOUN
futech-487	148	25	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	149	1	error	error	NOUN
futech-487	149	2	bars	bar	NOUN
futech-487	149	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
futech-487	149	4	standard	standard	ADJ
futech-487	149	5	errors	error	NOUN
futech-487	149	6	derived	derive	VERB
futech-487	149	7	from	from	ADP
futech-487	149	8	cross	cross	ADJ
futech-487	149	9	-	-	ADJ
futech-487	149	10	study	study	ADJ
futech-487	149	11	variance	variance	NOUN
futech-487	149	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	150	1	significance	significance	NOUN
futech-487	150	2	indicators	indicator	NOUN
futech-487	150	3	denote	denote	VERB
futech-487	150	4	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	150	5	differences	difference	NOUN
futech-487	150	6	between	between	ADP
futech-487	150	7	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	150	8	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	150	9	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	150	10	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	150	11	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	151	1	p	p	X
futech-487	151	2	<	<	X
futech-487	151	3	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	151	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	151	5	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	151	6	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	152	1	p	p	X
futech-487	152	2	<	<	X
futech-487	152	3	0.01	0.01	NUM
futech-487	152	4	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	152	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	152	6	calculated	calculate	VERB
futech-487	152	7	using	use	VERB
futech-487	152	8	independent	independent	ADJ
futech-487	152	9	samples	sample	NOUN
futech-487	152	10	t	t	NOUN
futech-487	152	11	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	152	12	tests	test	NOUN
futech-487	152	13	with	with	ADP
futech-487	152	14	bonferroni	bonferroni	NOUN
futech-487	152	15	correction	correction	NOUN
futech-487	152	16	for	for	ADP
futech-487	152	17	multiple	multiple	ADJ
futech-487	152	18	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
futech-487	152	19	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	153	1	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	153	2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	153	3	in	in	ADP
futech-487	153	4	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	153	5	2	2	NUM
futech-487	153	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	153	7	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	153	8	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	153	9	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	153	10	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	153	11	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
futech-487	153	12	marked	mark	VERB
futech-487	153	13	superiority	superiority	NOUN
futech-487	153	14	in	in	ADP
futech-487	153	15	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	153	16	features	feature	NOUN
futech-487	153	17	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	153	18	as	as	ADP
futech-487	153	19	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	153	20	consistency	consistency	NOUN
futech-487	153	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	153	22	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	153	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	153	24	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	153	25	progress	progress	NOUN
futech-487	153	26	tracking	tracking	NOUN
futech-487	153	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	153	28	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	153	29	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	153	30	instructional	instructional	ADJ
futech-487	153	31	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	153	32	maintain	maintain	VERB
futech-487	153	33	distinct	distinct	ADJ
futech-487	153	34	advantages	advantage	NOUN
futech-487	153	35	in	in	ADP
futech-487	153	36	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	153	37	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
futech-487	153	38	conversational	conversational	ADJ
futech-487	153	39	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	153	40	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	153	41	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	153	42	rich	rich	ADJ
futech-487	153	43	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	153	44	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
futech-487	153	45	essential	essential	ADJ
futech-487	153	46	for	for	ADP
futech-487	153	47	authentic	authentic	ADJ
futech-487	153	48	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	153	49	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	153	50	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	153	51	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	154	1	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	154	2	2	2	NUM
futech-487	154	3	.	.	NOUN
futech-487	154	4	example	example	NOUN
futech-487	154	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	154	6	a	a	DET
futech-487	154	7	reproduced	reproduce	VERB
futech-487	154	8	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	154	9	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	154	10	1	1	NUM
futech-487	154	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	155	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
futech-487	155	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
futech-487	155	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	155	4	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	155	5	pathway	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	155	6	features	feature	VERB
futech-487	155	7	feature	feature	NOUN
futech-487	155	8	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	155	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	155	10	m±se	m±se	PROPN
futech-487	155	11	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	155	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	155	13	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	155	14	m±se	m±se	NOUN
futech-487	155	15	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	155	16	difference	difference	NOUN
futech-487	155	17	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	155	18	consistency	consistency	NOUN
futech-487	155	19	92.0±3.2	92.0±3.2	PROPN
futech-487	156	1	65.0±5.4	65.0±5.4	NUM
futech-487	156	2	27.0	27.0	NUM
futech-487	156	3	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	156	4	98.0±1.8	98.0±1.8	NUM
futech-487	156	5	42.0±6.2	42.0±6.2	NUM
futech-487	156	6	56.0	56.0	NUM
futech-487	156	7	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	8	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	9	*	*	NOUN
futech-487	156	10	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	156	11	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	156	12	88.0±4.1	88.0±4.1	NUM
futech-487	156	13	35.0±4.9	35.0±4.9	NUM
futech-487	156	14	53.0	53.0	NUM
futech-487	156	15	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	16	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	17	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	18	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	156	19	context	context	NOUN
futech-487	156	20	45.0±5.6	45.0±5.6	NUM
futech-487	156	21	85.0±3.8	85.0±3.8	NUM
futech-487	156	22	-40.0	-40.0	NOUN
futech-487	156	23	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	24	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	25	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	26	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
futech-487	156	27	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	156	28	38.0±4.8	38.0±4.8	NUM
futech-487	156	29	92.0±3.1	92.0±3.1	NUM
futech-487	156	30	-54.0	-54.0	NOUN
futech-487	156	31	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	32	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	33	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	34	progress	progress	NOUN
futech-487	156	35	tracking	track	VERB
futech-487	156	36	95.0±2.3	95.0±2.3	NUM
futech-487	156	37	58.0±6.7	58.0±6.7	NUM
futech-487	156	38	37.0	37.0	NUM
futech-487	156	39	*	*	NOUN
futech-487	156	40	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	156	41	note	note	NOUN
futech-487	156	42	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	156	43	m	m	VERB
futech-487	156	44	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	156	45	mean	mean	ADJ
futech-487	156	46	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	156	47	score	score	NOUN
futech-487	156	48	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	156	49	0	0	NUM
futech-487	156	50	-	-	SYM
futech-487	156	51	100	100	NUM
futech-487	156	52	scale	scale	NOUN
futech-487	156	53	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	156	54	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	156	55	se	se	X
futech-487	156	56	=	=	SYM
futech-487	156	57	standard	standard	ADJ
futech-487	156	58	error	error	NOUN
futech-487	156	59	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	156	60	negative	negative	ADJ
futech-487	156	61	differences	difference	NOUN
futech-487	156	62	indicate	indicate	VERB
futech-487	156	63	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	156	64	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	156	65	outperform	outperform	VERB
futech-487	156	66	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	156	67	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	156	68	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	156	69	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	156	70	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	157	1	significance	significance	NOUN
futech-487	157	2	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	157	3	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	158	1	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	158	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	158	3	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	158	4	p	p	X
futech-487	158	5	<	<	X
futech-487	158	6	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	158	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	158	8	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	158	9	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	158	10	p	p	X
futech-487	158	11	<	<	X
futech-487	158	12	0.01	0.01	NUM
futech-487	158	13	4.2	4.2	NUM
futech-487	158	14	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	158	15	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	158	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	158	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	158	18	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	158	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	158	20	the	the	DET
futech-487	158	21	meta	meta	NOUN
futech-487	158	22	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	158	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	158	24	on	on	ADP
futech-487	158	25	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	158	26	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	158	27	across	across	ADP
futech-487	158	28	the	the	DET
futech-487	158	29	38	38	NUM
futech-487	158	30	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	158	31	included	include	VERB
futech-487	158	32	showed	show	VERB
futech-487	158	33	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
futech-487	158	34	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	158	35	of	of	ADP
futech-487	158	36	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	158	37	for	for	ADP
futech-487	158	38	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	158	39	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	158	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	158	41	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	158	42	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	158	43	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	158	44	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
futech-487	158	45	precision	precision	NOUN
futech-487	158	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	159	1	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	159	2	increased	increase	VERB
futech-487	159	3	most	most	ADV
futech-487	159	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	159	5	with	with	ADP
futech-487	159	6	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	159	7	gaining	gain	VERB
futech-487	159	8	47.3	47.3	NUM
futech-487	159	9	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	159	10	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	159	11	95	95	NUM
futech-487	159	12	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	159	13	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	159	14	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	159	15	42.1	42.1	NUM
futech-487	159	16	-	-	SYM
futech-487	159	17	52.5	52.5	NUM
futech-487	159	18	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	159	19	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	159	20	on	on	ADP
futech-487	159	21	average	average	ADJ
futech-487	159	22	in	in	ADP
futech-487	159	23	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
futech-487	159	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	159	25	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	159	26	after	after	ADP
futech-487	159	27	using	use	VERB
futech-487	159	28	the	the	DET
futech-487	159	29	aipowered	aipowered	ADJ
futech-487	159	30	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	159	31	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	159	32	for	for	ADP
futech-487	159	33	8	8	NUM
futech-487	159	34	-	-	SYM
futech-487	159	35	12	12	NUM
futech-487	159	36	weeks	week	NOUN
futech-487	159	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	159	38	in	in	ADP
futech-487	159	39	contrast	contrast	NOUN
futech-487	159	40	to	to	ADP
futech-487	159	41	a	a	DET
futech-487	159	42	23.7	23.7	NUM
futech-487	159	43	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	159	44	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	159	45	95	95	NUM
futech-487	159	46	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	159	47	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	159	48	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	159	49	19.2	19.2	NUM
futech-487	159	50	-	-	SYM
futech-487	159	51	28.2	28.2	NUM
futech-487	159	52	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	159	53	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	159	54	increase	increase	NOUN
futech-487	159	55	observed	observe	VERB
futech-487	159	56	in	in	ADP
futech-487	159	57	the	the	DET
futech-487	159	58	martial	martial	ADJ
futech-487	159	59	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	159	60	control	control	NOUN
futech-487	159	61	group	group	NOUN
futech-487	159	62	using	use	VERB
futech-487	159	63	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	159	64	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	159	65	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	160	1	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	160	2	metrics	metric	NOUN
futech-487	160	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	160	4	measured	measure	VERB
futech-487	160	5	through	through	ADP
futech-487	160	6	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	160	7	rate	rate	NOUN
futech-487	160	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	160	9	pause	pause	ADJ
futech-487	160	10	frequency	frequency	NOUN
futech-487	160	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	160	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	160	13	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
futech-487	160	14	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	160	15	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	160	16	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	160	17	enhancements	enhancement	NOUN
futech-487	160	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	160	19	with	with	ADP
futech-487	160	20	experimental	experimental	ADJ
futech-487	160	21	groups	group	NOUN
futech-487	160	22	achieving	achieve	VERB
futech-487	160	23	a	a	DET
futech-487	160	24	35.8	35.8	NUM
futech-487	160	25	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	160	26	reduction	reduction	NOUN
futech-487	160	27	in	in	ADP
futech-487	160	28	hesitation	hesitation	NOUN
futech-487	160	29	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
futech-487	160	30	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	160	31	a	a	DET
futech-487	160	32	41.2	41.2	NUM
futech-487	160	33	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	160	34	increase	increase	NOUN
futech-487	160	35	in	in	ADP
futech-487	160	36	words	word	NOUN
futech-487	160	37	per	per	ADP
futech-487	160	38	minute	minute	NOUN
futech-487	160	39	production	production	NOUN
futech-487	160	40	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	160	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	161	1	temporal	temporal	ADJ
futech-487	161	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	161	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	161	4	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	161	5	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	161	6	indicates	indicate	VERB
futech-487	161	7	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
futech-487	161	8	disparities	disparity	NOUN
futech-487	161	9	between	between	ADP
futech-487	161	10	shortterm	shortterm	PROPN
futech-487	161	11	gains	gain	NOUN
futech-487	161	12	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	161	13	sustained	sustained	ADJ
futech-487	161	14	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	161	15	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	161	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	161	17	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	161	18	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	161	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	161	20	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	161	21	3	3	NUM
futech-487	161	22	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	162	1	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	162	2	employing	employ	VERB
futech-487	162	3	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
futech-487	162	4	designs	design	NOUN
futech-487	162	5	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	162	6	n=12	n=12	NOUN
futech-487	162	7	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	162	8	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	162	9	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	162	10	rapid	rapid	ADJ
futech-487	162	11	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	162	12	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
futech-487	162	13	during	during	ADP
futech-487	162	14	the	the	DET
futech-487	162	15	first	first	ADJ
futech-487	162	16	4	4	NUM
futech-487	162	17	-	-	SYM
futech-487	162	18	6	6	NUM
futech-487	162	19	weeks	week	NOUN
futech-487	162	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	162	21	intervention	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	162	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	162	23	followed	follow	VERB
futech-487	162	24	by	by	ADP
futech-487	162	25	plateauing	plateauing	NOUN
futech-487	162	26	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	162	27	that	that	PRON
futech-487	162	28	suggest	suggest	VERB
futech-487	162	29	diminishing	diminishing	NOUN
futech-487	162	30	returns	return	NOUN
futech-487	162	31	without	without	ADP
futech-487	162	32	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	162	33	variation	variation	NOUN
futech-487	162	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	163	1	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	163	2	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	163	3	in	in	ADP
futech-487	163	4	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	163	5	2	2	NUM
futech-487	163	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	163	7	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	163	8	size	size	NOUN
futech-487	163	9	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	163	10	reveal	reveal	VERB
futech-487	163	11	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	163	12	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	163	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	163	14	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	163	15	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	163	16	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	163	17	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	163	18	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	163	19	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	163	20	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	163	21	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	163	22	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	163	23	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	163	24	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	163	25	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	163	26	04	04	NUM
futech-487	164	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	164	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	164	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	165	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	165	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	165	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	165	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	165	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	165	6	234	234	NUM
futech-487	165	7	produce	produce	VERB
futech-487	165	8	large	large	ADJ
futech-487	165	9	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	165	10	for	for	ADP
futech-487	165	11	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	165	12	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	165	13	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	165	14	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	165	15	's	's	PART
futech-487	165	16	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	165	17	=	=	PROPN
futech-487	165	18	1.82	1.82	NUM
futech-487	165	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	165	20	95	95	NUM
futech-487	165	21	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	165	22	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	165	23	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	165	24	1.65	1.65	NUM
futech-487	165	25	-	-	SYM
futech-487	165	26	1.99	1.99	NUM
futech-487	165	27	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	165	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	165	29	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	165	30	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	165	31	to	to	ADP
futech-487	165	32	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	165	33	large	large	ADJ
futech-487	165	34	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	165	35	for	for	ADP
futech-487	165	36	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	165	37	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	165	38	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	165	39	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	165	40	's	's	PART
futech-487	165	41	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	165	42	=	=	PROPN
futech-487	165	43	1.46	1.46	NUM
futech-487	165	44	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	165	45	95	95	NUM
futech-487	165	46	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	165	47	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	165	48	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	165	49	1.29	1.29	NUM
futech-487	165	50	-	-	SYM
futech-487	165	51	1.63	1.63	NUM
futech-487	165	52	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	165	53	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	165	54	with	with	ADP
futech-487	165	55	the	the	DET
futech-487	165	56	number	number	NOUN
futech-487	165	57	needed	need	VERB
futech-487	165	58	to	to	PART
futech-487	165	59	treat	treat	VERB
futech-487	165	60	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	165	61	nnt	nnt	PROPN
futech-487	165	62	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	165	63	indicating	indicate	VERB
futech-487	165	64	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	165	65	approximately	approximately	ADV
futech-487	165	66	2	2	NUM
futech-487	165	67	-	-	SYM
futech-487	165	68	3	3	NUM
futech-487	165	69	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	165	70	need	need	VERB
futech-487	165	71	to	to	PART
futech-487	165	72	use	use	VERB
futech-487	165	73	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	165	74	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	165	75	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	165	76	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	165	77	for	for	ADP
futech-487	165	78	one	one	NUM
futech-487	165	79	additional	additional	ADJ
futech-487	165	80	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	165	81	to	to	PART
futech-487	165	82	achieve	achieve	VERB
futech-487	165	83	clinically	clinically	ADV
futech-487	165	84	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	165	85	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	165	86	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	165	87	to	to	ADP
futech-487	165	88	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	165	89	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	165	90	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	166	1	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	166	2	2	2	NUM
futech-487	166	3	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	167	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
futech-487	167	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	167	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	167	4	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	167	5	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	167	6	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	167	7	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	167	8	dimension	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	167	9	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	167	10	size	size	NOUN
futech-487	167	11	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	167	12	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	167	13	's	's	PART
futech-487	167	14	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	167	15	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	167	16	95	95	NUM
futech-487	167	17	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	167	18	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	167	19	pvalue	pvalue	NOUN
futech-487	167	20	nnt	nnt	PROPN
futech-487	167	21	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	167	22	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	167	23	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	167	24	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	167	25	baseline	baseline	NOUN
futech-487	167	26	1.82	1.82	NUM
futech-487	167	27	[	[	SYM
futech-487	167	28	1.65	1.65	NUM
futech-487	167	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	167	30	1.99	1.99	NUM
futech-487	167	31	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	167	32	<	<	X
futech-487	167	33	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	167	34	2.1	2.1	NUM
futech-487	167	35	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	167	36	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	167	37	baseline	baseline	NOUN
futech-487	167	38	0.94	0.94	NUM
futech-487	167	39	[	[	X
futech-487	167	40	0.78	0.78	NUM
futech-487	167	41	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	167	42	1.10	1.10	NUM
futech-487	167	43	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	167	44	<	<	X
futech-487	167	45	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	167	46	3.8	3.8	NUM
futech-487	167	47	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	167	48	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	167	49	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	167	50	0.88	0.88	NUM
futech-487	167	51	[	[	X
futech-487	167	52	0.71	0.71	NUM
futech-487	167	53	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	167	54	1.05	1.05	NUM
futech-487	167	55	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	167	56	<	<	X
futech-487	167	57	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	167	58	4.2	4.2	NUM
futech-487	167	59	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	167	60	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	167	61	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	167	62	baseline	baseline	NOUN
futech-487	167	63	1.46	1.46	NUM
futech-487	168	1	[	[	X
futech-487	168	2	1.29	1.29	NUM
futech-487	168	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	168	4	1.63	1.63	NUM
futech-487	168	5	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	168	6	<	<	X
futech-487	168	7	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	168	8	2.6	2.6	NUM
futech-487	168	9	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	168	10	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	168	11	baseline	baseline	NOUN
futech-487	168	12	0.72	0.72	NUM
futech-487	168	13	[	[	X
futech-487	168	14	0.56	0.56	NUM
futech-487	168	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	168	16	0.88	0.88	NUM
futech-487	168	17	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	169	1	<	<	X
futech-487	169	2	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	169	3	4.9	4.9	NUM
futech-487	169	4	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	169	5	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	169	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	169	7	0.74	0.74	NUM
futech-487	169	8	[	[	X
futech-487	169	9	0.57	0.57	NUM
futech-487	169	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	169	11	0.91	0.91	NUM
futech-487	169	12	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	169	13	<	<	X
futech-487	169	14	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	169	15	4.8	4.8	NUM
futech-487	169	16	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
futech-487	169	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	169	18	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	169	19	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	169	20	baseline	baseline	NOUN
futech-487	169	21	1.03	1.03	NUM
futech-487	170	1	[	[	X
futech-487	170	2	0.86	0.86	NUM
futech-487	170	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	170	4	1.20	1.20	NUM
futech-487	170	5	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	170	6	<	<	X
futech-487	170	7	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	170	8	3.4	3.4	NUM
futech-487	170	9	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	170	10	vs	vs	ADP
futech-487	170	11	baseline	baseline	NOUN
futech-487	170	12	0.78	0.78	NUM
futech-487	170	13	[	[	X
futech-487	170	14	0.62	0.62	NUM
futech-487	170	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	170	16	0.94	0.94	NUM
futech-487	170	17	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	170	18	<	<	X
futech-487	170	19	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	170	20	4.5	4.5	NUM
futech-487	170	21	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	170	22	vs	vs	ADV
futech-487	170	23	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	170	24	0.25	0.25	NUM
futech-487	171	1	[	[	NOUN
futech-487	171	2	0.08	0.08	NUM
futech-487	171	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	171	4	0.42	0.42	NUM
futech-487	171	5	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	171	6	0.037	0.037	NUM
futech-487	171	7	14.3	14.3	NUM
futech-487	171	8	note	note	NOUN
futech-487	171	9	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	171	10	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	171	11	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	171	12	calculated	calculate	VERB
futech-487	171	13	at	at	ADP
futech-487	171	14	12	12	NUM
futech-487	171	15	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	171	16	week	week	NOUN
futech-487	171	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	171	18	point	point	NOUN
futech-487	171	19	using	use	VERB
futech-487	171	20	pooled	pool	VERB
futech-487	171	21	standard	standard	ADJ
futech-487	171	22	deviations	deviation	NOUN
futech-487	171	23	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	171	24	nnt	nnt	PROPN
futech-487	171	25	=	=	SYM
futech-487	171	26	number	number	NOUN
futech-487	171	27	needed	need	VERB
futech-487	171	28	to	to	PART
futech-487	171	29	treat	treat	VERB
futech-487	171	30	calculated	calculate	VERB
futech-487	171	31	using	use	VERB
futech-487	171	32	kraemer	kraemer	PROPN
futech-487	171	33	&	&	CCONJ
futech-487	171	34	kupfer	kupfer	PROPN
futech-487	171	35	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	171	36	2006	2006	NUM
futech-487	171	37	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	171	38	method	method	NOUN
futech-487	171	39	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	171	40	ci	ci	NOUN
futech-487	171	41	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	171	42	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	171	43	interval	interval	NOUN
futech-487	171	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	172	1	all	all	DET
futech-487	172	2	p	p	NOUN
futech-487	172	3	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	172	4	values	value	NOUN
futech-487	172	5	were	be	AUX
futech-487	172	6	adjusted	adjust	VERB
futech-487	172	7	for	for	ADP
futech-487	172	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
futech-487	172	9	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
futech-487	172	10	using	use	VERB
futech-487	172	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	172	12	bonferroni	bonferroni	NOUN
futech-487	172	13	correction	correction	NOUN
futech-487	172	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	173	1	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	173	2	3	3	NUM
futech-487	173	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	173	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	173	5	temporal	temporal	ADJ
futech-487	173	6	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
futech-487	173	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	173	8	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	173	9	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	173	10	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	173	11	across	across	ADP
futech-487	173	12	three	three	NUM
futech-487	173	13	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	173	14	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	173	15	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	173	16	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	173	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	173	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	173	19	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	173	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	173	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	173	22	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
futech-487	173	23	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	173	24	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	173	25	for	for	ADP
futech-487	173	26	both	both	CCONJ
futech-487	173	27	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	173	28	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	173	29	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	173	30	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	173	31	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	173	32	users	user	NOUN
futech-487	173	33	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	173	34	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	173	35	method	method	NOUN
futech-487	173	36	control	control	NOUN
futech-487	173	37	groups	group	NOUN
futech-487	173	38	over	over	ADP
futech-487	173	39	a	a	DET
futech-487	173	40	24	24	NUM
futech-487	173	41	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	173	42	week	week	NOUN
futech-487	173	43	period	period	NOUN
futech-487	173	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	174	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	174	2	shaded	shade	VERB
futech-487	174	3	regions	region	NOUN
futech-487	174	4	demarcate	demarcate	VERB
futech-487	174	5	the	the	DET
futech-487	174	6	active	active	ADJ
futech-487	174	7	intervention	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	174	8	period	period	NOUN
futech-487	174	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	174	10	weeks	week	NOUN
futech-487	174	11	0	0	NUM
futech-487	174	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	174	13	12	12	NUM
futech-487	174	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	174	15	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	174	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	174	17	follow	follow	VERB
futech-487	174	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	174	19	up	up	NOUN
futech-487	174	20	retention	retention	NOUN
futech-487	174	21	period	period	NOUN
futech-487	174	22	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	174	23	weeks	week	NOUN
futech-487	174	24	1224	1224	NUM
futech-487	174	25	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	174	26	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	175	1	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	175	2	points	point	NOUN
futech-487	175	3	represent	represent	VERB
futech-487	175	4	mean	mean	ADJ
futech-487	175	5	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	175	6	percentages	percentage	NOUN
futech-487	175	7	from	from	ADP
futech-487	175	8	baseline	baseline	ADJ
futech-487	175	9	measurements	measurement	NOUN
futech-487	175	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	175	11	aggregated	aggregate	VERB
futech-487	175	12	from	from	ADP
futech-487	175	13	38	38	NUM
futech-487	175	14	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	175	15	included	include	VERB
futech-487	175	16	in	in	ADP
futech-487	175	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	175	18	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	175	19	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	175	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	176	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	176	2	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
futech-487	176	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
futech-487	176	4	distinct	distinct	ADJ
futech-487	176	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	176	6	of	of	ADP
futech-487	176	7	skill	skill	NOUN
futech-487	176	8	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	176	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	176	10	retention	retention	NOUN
futech-487	176	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	176	12	with	with	ADP
futech-487	176	13	aipowered	aipowere	VERB
futech-487	176	14	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	176	15	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	176	16	steeper	steep	ADJ
futech-487	176	17	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	176	18	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	176	19	curves	curve	NOUN
futech-487	176	20	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	176	21	also	also	ADV
futech-487	176	22	more	more	ADV
futech-487	176	23	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
futech-487	176	24	decline	decline	NOUN
futech-487	176	25	during	during	ADP
futech-487	176	26	the	the	DET
futech-487	176	27	followup	followup	ADJ
futech-487	176	28	period	period	NOUN
futech-487	176	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	176	30	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	176	31	for	for	ADP
futech-487	176	32	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	176	33	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	176	34	related	relate	VERB
futech-487	176	35	gains	gain	NOUN
futech-487	176	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	177	1	4.2.1	4.2.1	NUM
futech-487	177	2	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	177	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	177	4	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	177	5	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	177	6	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
futech-487	177	7	in	in	ADP
futech-487	177	8	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	177	9	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	177	10	emerged	emerge	VERB
futech-487	177	11	as	as	ADP
futech-487	177	12	a	a	DET
futech-487	177	13	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	177	14	determinant	determinant	NOUN
futech-487	177	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	177	16	differential	differential	ADJ
futech-487	177	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	177	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	177	19	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	177	20	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	177	21	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	177	22	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	177	23	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	177	24	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	177	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	177	26	with	with	ADP
futech-487	177	27	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	177	28	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	177	29	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	177	30	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	177	31	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	177	32	moderating	moderate	VERB
futech-487	177	33	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	177	34	on	on	ADP
futech-487	177	35	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	177	36	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
futech-487	177	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	178	1	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	178	2	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	178	3	regression	regression	NOUN
futech-487	178	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	178	5	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	178	6	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	178	7	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	178	8	with	with	ADP
futech-487	178	9	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	178	10	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	178	11	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	178	12	b1	b1	NOUN
futech-487	178	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	178	14	b2	b2	NOUN
futech-487	178	15	cefr	cefr	NOUN
futech-487	178	16	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	178	17	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
futech-487	178	18	68.4	68.4	NUM
futech-487	178	19	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	178	20	greater	great	ADJ
futech-487	178	21	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	178	22	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	178	23	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	178	24	to	to	ADP
futech-487	178	25	advanced	advanced	ADJ
futech-487	178	26	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	178	27	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	178	28	c1	c1	PROPN
futech-487	178	29	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	178	30	c2	c2	PROPN
futech-487	178	31	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	178	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	178	33	suggesting	suggest	VERB
futech-487	178	34	optimal	optimal	ADJ
futech-487	178	35	benefit	benefit	NOUN
futech-487	178	36	zones	zone	NOUN
futech-487	178	37	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	178	38	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	178	39	possess	possess	VERB
futech-487	178	40	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
futech-487	178	41	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
futech-487	178	42	foundation	foundation	NOUN
futech-487	178	43	without	without	ADP
futech-487	178	44	ceiling	ceiling	NOUN
futech-487	178	45	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	178	46	constraints	constraint	NOUN
futech-487	178	47	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	179	1	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	179	2	background	background	NOUN
futech-487	179	3	variables	variable	NOUN
futech-487	179	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	179	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	179	6	those	those	PRON
futech-487	179	7	related	relate	VERB
futech-487	179	8	to	to	ADP
futech-487	179	9	collectivist	collectivist	VERB
futech-487	179	10	versus	versus	ADP
futech-487	179	11	individualist	individualist	ADJ
futech-487	179	12	orientations	orientation	NOUN
futech-487	179	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	179	14	manifested	manifest	VERB
futech-487	179	15	in	in	ADP
futech-487	179	16	distinct	distinct	ADJ
futech-487	179	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	179	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	179	19	with	with	ADP
futech-487	179	20	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	179	21	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	179	22	mediated	mediate	VERB
futech-487	179	23	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	179	24	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	179	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	179	26	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	179	27	east	east	ADJ
futech-487	179	28	asian	asian	ADJ
futech-487	179	29	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	179	30	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	179	31	n=412	n=412	NOUN
futech-487	179	32	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	179	33	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	179	34	34.7	34.7	NUM
futech-487	179	35	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	179	36	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	179	37	completion	completion	NOUN
futech-487	179	38	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	179	39	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	179	40	reported	report	VERB
futech-487	179	41	significantly	significantly	ADV
futech-487	179	42	lower	low	ADJ
futech-487	179	43	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	179	44	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	179	45	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
futech-487	179	46	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	179	47	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	179	48	m=3.2	m=3.2	NOUN
futech-487	179	49	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	179	50	sd=0.8	sd=0.8	ADV
futech-487	179	51	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	179	52	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	179	53	to	to	ADP
futech-487	179	54	western	western	ADJ
futech-487	179	55	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
futech-487	179	56	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	179	57	m=4.1	m=4.1	PROPN
futech-487	179	58	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	179	59	sd=0.6	sd=0.6	NOUN
futech-487	179	60	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	179	61	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	180	1	figure	figure	VERB
futech-487	180	2	3	3	NUM
futech-487	180	3	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	181	1	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	181	2	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	181	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	181	4	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
futech-487	181	5	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	181	6	comparative	comparative	ADJ
futech-487	181	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	181	8	structural	structural	ADJ
futech-487	181	9	equation	equation	NOUN
futech-487	181	10	modeling	model	VERB
futech-487	181	11	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	181	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	181	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	181	14	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	181	15	as	as	ADP
futech-487	181	16	partial	partial	ADJ
futech-487	181	17	mediators	mediator	NOUN
futech-487	181	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	181	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	181	20	relationship	relationship	NOUN
futech-487	181	21	between	between	ADP
futech-487	181	22	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	181	23	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	181	24	features	feature	NOUN
futech-487	181	25	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	181	26	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	181	27	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	181	28	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	181	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	181	30	accounting	account	VERB
futech-487	181	31	for	for	ADP
futech-487	181	32	42.8	42.8	NUM
futech-487	181	33	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	181	34	of	of	ADP
futech-487	181	35	variance	variance	NOUN
futech-487	181	36	in	in	ADP
futech-487	181	37	final	final	ADJ
futech-487	181	38	achievement	achievement	NOUN
futech-487	181	39	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	181	40	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	182	1	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	182	2	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	182	3	in	in	ADP
futech-487	182	4	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	182	5	3	3	NUM
futech-487	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	182	7	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
futech-487	182	8	regression	regression	NOUN
futech-487	182	9	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	182	10	reveal	reveal	VERB
futech-487	182	11	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	182	12	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
futech-487	182	13	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	182	14	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	182	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	182	16	strongest	strong	ADJ
futech-487	182	17	predictive	predictive	ADJ
futech-487	182	18	power	power	NOUN
futech-487	182	19	for	for	ADP
futech-487	182	20	sustained	sustained	ADJ
futech-487	182	21	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	182	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	182	23	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	182	24	β=0.567	β=0.567	X
futech-487	182	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	182	26	p<0.001	p<0.001	PROPN
futech-487	182	27	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	182	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	182	29	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	182	30	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	182	31	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	182	32	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	182	33	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
futech-487	182	34	a	a	DET
futech-487	182	35	curvilinear	curvilinear	ADJ
futech-487	182	36	relationship	relationship	NOUN
futech-487	182	37	with	with	ADP
futech-487	182	38	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	182	39	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	182	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	182	41	confirming	confirm	VERB
futech-487	182	42	the	the	DET
futech-487	182	43	existence	existence	NOUN
futech-487	182	44	of	of	ADP
futech-487	182	45	an	an	DET
futech-487	182	46	optimal	optimal	ADJ
futech-487	182	47	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	182	48	window	window	NOUN
futech-487	182	49	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	182	50	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	182	51	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	182	52	achieve	achieve	VERB
futech-487	182	53	maximum	maximum	ADJ
futech-487	182	54	benefit	benefit	NOUN
futech-487	182	55	from	from	ADP
futech-487	182	56	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	182	57	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	182	58	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	182	59	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	182	60	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	182	61	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	182	62	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	183	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
futech-487	183	2	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	183	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	183	4	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	183	5	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	183	6	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	183	7	results	result	VERB
futech-487	183	8	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	183	9	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	183	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	183	11	of	of	ADP
futech-487	183	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	183	13	38	38	NUM
futech-487	183	14	included	include	VERB
futech-487	183	15	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	183	16	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	183	17	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	183	18	variation	variation	NOUN
futech-487	183	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	183	20	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	183	21	rigor	rigor	NOUN
futech-487	183	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	183	23	with	with	ADP
futech-487	183	24	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	183	25	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	183	26	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	183	27	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	183	28	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
futech-487	183	29	by	by	ADP
futech-487	183	30	several	several	ADJ
futech-487	183	31	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	183	32	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	183	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	183	34	including	include	VERB
futech-487	183	35	adequate	adequate	ADJ
futech-487	183	36	randomization	randomization	NOUN
futech-487	183	37	procedures	procedure	NOUN
futech-487	183	38	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	183	39	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	183	40	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	183	41	measurement	measurement	NOUN
futech-487	183	42	protocols	protocol	NOUN
futech-487	183	43	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	183	44	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	183	45	transparent	transparent	ADJ
futech-487	183	46	reporting	reporting	NOUN
futech-487	183	47	of	of	ADP
futech-487	183	48	attrition	attrition	NOUN
futech-487	183	49	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	183	50	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	184	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	184	2	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	184	3	is	be	AUX
futech-487	184	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	184	5	with	with	ADP
futech-487	184	6	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	184	7	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	184	8	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	184	9	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
futech-487	184	10	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	184	11	for	for	ADP
futech-487	184	12	example	example	NOUN
futech-487	184	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	184	14	schünemann	schünemann	PROPN
futech-487	184	15	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	184	16	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	184	17	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	184	18	highlight	highlight	PROPN
futech-487	184	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	184	20	their	their	PRON
futech-487	184	21	grade	grade	NOUN
futech-487	184	22	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
futech-487	184	23	on	on	ADP
futech-487	184	24	rating	rate	VERB
futech-487	184	25	the	the	DET
futech-487	184	26	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	184	27	of	of	ADP
futech-487	184	28	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	184	29	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	184	30	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	184	31	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	184	32	of	of	ADP
futech-487	184	33	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	184	34	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	184	35	[	[	X
futech-487	184	36	29	29	NUM
futech-487	184	37	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	184	38	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	185	1	those	those	DET
futech-487	185	2	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	185	3	with	with	ADP
futech-487	185	4	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	185	5	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	185	6	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	185	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	185	8	n=14	n=14	NOUN
futech-487	185	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	185	10	36.8	36.8	NUM
futech-487	185	11	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	185	12	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	185	13	used	use	VERB
futech-487	185	14	computer	computer	NOUN
futech-487	185	15	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	185	16	generated	generate	VERB
futech-487	185	17	randomization	randomization	NOUN
futech-487	185	18	sequences	sequence	NOUN
futech-487	185	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	185	20	conducted	conduct	VERB
futech-487	185	21	double	double	ADJ
futech-487	185	22	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	185	23	blind	blind	ADJ
futech-487	185	24	assessments	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	185	25	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	185	26	possible	possible	ADJ
futech-487	185	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	185	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	185	29	had	have	VERB
futech-487	185	30	participant	participant	ADJ
futech-487	185	31	retention	retention	NOUN
futech-487	185	32	over	over	ADP
futech-487	185	33	85	85	NUM
futech-487	185	34	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	185	35	for	for	ADP
futech-487	185	36	the	the	DET
futech-487	185	37	duration	duration	NOUN
futech-487	185	38	of	of	ADP
futech-487	185	39	the	the	DET
futech-487	185	40	intervention	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	185	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	186	1	confirmation	confirmation	NOUN
futech-487	186	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	186	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	186	4	importance	importance	NOUN
futech-487	186	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	186	6	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	186	7	rigour	rigour	NOUN
futech-487	186	8	is	be	AUX
futech-487	186	9	found	find	VERB
futech-487	186	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	186	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	186	12	cochrane	cochrane	PROPN
futech-487	186	13	handbook	handbook	NOUN
futech-487	186	14	for	for	ADP
futech-487	186	15	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	186	16	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	186	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	186	18	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	186	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	186	20	which	which	PRON
futech-487	186	21	cites	cite	VERB
futech-487	186	22	these	these	DET
futech-487	186	23	aspects	aspect	NOUN
futech-487	186	24	as	as	ADP
futech-487	186	25	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	186	26	attributes	attribute	NOUN
futech-487	186	27	that	that	PRON
futech-487	186	28	may	may	AUX
futech-487	186	29	be	be	AUX
futech-487	186	30	used	use	VERB
futech-487	186	31	as	as	ADP
futech-487	186	32	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	186	33	markers	marker	NOUN
futech-487	186	34	in	in	ADP
futech-487	186	35	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	186	36	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	186	37	[	[	X
futech-487	186	38	30	30	NUM
futech-487	186	39	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	186	40	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	187	1	in	in	ADP
futech-487	187	2	addition	addition	NOUN
futech-487	187	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	187	4	several	several	ADJ
futech-487	187	5	validity	validity	NOUN
futech-487	187	6	checks	check	NOUN
futech-487	187	7	were	be	AUX
futech-487	187	8	built	build	VERB
futech-487	187	9	into	into	ADP
futech-487	187	10	the	the	DET
futech-487	187	11	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	187	12	through	through	ADP
futech-487	187	13	triangulation	triangulation	NOUN
futech-487	187	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	187	15	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	187	16	sources	source	NOUN
futech-487	187	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	187	18	the	the	DET
futech-487	187	19	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	187	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	187	21	both	both	CCONJ
futech-487	187	22	objective	objective	ADJ
futech-487	187	23	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	187	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	187	25	software	software	NOUN
futech-487	187	26	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	187	27	subjective	subjective	ADJ
futech-487	187	28	expert	expert	NOUN
futech-487	187	29	ratings	rating	NOUN
futech-487	187	30	to	to	ADP
futech-487	188	1	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	188	2	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	188	3	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	188	4	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	188	5	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	188	6	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	188	7	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	188	8	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	188	9	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	188	10	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	188	11	04	04	NUM
futech-487	189	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	189	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	189	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	190	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	190	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	190	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	190	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	190	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	190	6	235	235	NUM
futech-487	190	7	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
futech-487	190	8	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	190	9	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	190	10	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	190	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	190	12	which	which	PRON
futech-487	190	13	served	serve	VERB
futech-487	190	14	to	to	PART
futech-487	190	15	reduce	reduce	VERB
futech-487	190	16	measurement	measurement	NOUN
futech-487	190	17	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	190	18	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	190	19	increase	increase	VERB
futech-487	190	20	result	result	NOUN
futech-487	190	21	validity	validity	NOUN
futech-487	190	22	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	191	1	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	191	2	3	3	NUM
futech-487	191	3	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	191	4	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
futech-487	191	5	regression	regression	NOUN
futech-487	191	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	191	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	191	8	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	191	9	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	191	10	on	on	ADP
futech-487	191	11	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	191	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	191	13	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	191	14	variable	variable	ADJ
futech-487	191	15	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	191	16	1	1	NUM
futech-487	191	17	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	191	18	2	2	NUM
futech-487	191	19	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	191	20	3	3	NUM
futech-487	191	21	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	191	22	4	4	NUM
futech-487	191	23	β	β	X
futech-487	191	24	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	25	se	se	X
futech-487	191	26	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	27	β	β	X
futech-487	191	28	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	29	se	se	X
futech-487	191	30	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	31	β	β	X
futech-487	191	32	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	33	se	se	X
futech-487	191	34	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	35	β	β	X
futech-487	191	36	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	37	se	se	X
futech-487	191	38	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	39	control	control	NOUN
futech-487	191	40	variables	variable	NOUN
futech-487	191	41	baseline	baseline	VERB
futech-487	191	42	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	191	43	0.234	0.234	NUM
futech-487	191	44	*	*	SYM
futech-487	191	45	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	46	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	47	0.082	0.082	NUM
futech-487	191	48	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	49	0.187	0.187	NUM
futech-487	191	50	*	*	SYM
futech-487	191	51	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	52	0.079	0.079	NUM
futech-487	191	53	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	54	0.145	0.145	NUM
futech-487	191	55	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	56	0.076	0.076	NUM
futech-487	191	57	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	58	0.128	0.128	NUM
futech-487	191	59	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	60	0.074	0.074	NUM
futech-487	191	61	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	62	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	191	63	duration	duration	NOUN
futech-487	191	64	0.312	0.312	NUM
futech-487	191	65	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	66	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	67	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	68	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	69	0.067	0.067	NUM
futech-487	191	70	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	71	0.298	0.298	NUM
futech-487	191	72	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	73	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	74	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	75	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	76	0.064	0.064	NUM
futech-487	191	77	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	78	0.257	0.257	NUM
futech-487	191	79	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	80	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	81	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	191	82	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	191	83	0.061	0.061	NUM
futech-487	191	84	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	191	85	0.243	0.243	NUM
futech-487	192	1	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	1	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	3	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	4	0.059	0.059	NUM
futech-487	193	5	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	6	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	193	7	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	193	8	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	193	9	beginner	beginner	NOUN
futech-487	193	10	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	11	a1	a1	NOUN
futech-487	193	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	193	13	a2	a2	NOUN
futech-487	193	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	15	0.234	0.234	NUM
futech-487	193	16	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	17	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	18	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	19	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	20	0.067	0.067	NUM
futech-487	193	21	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	22	0.218	0.218	NUM
futech-487	193	23	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	24	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	25	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	26	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	27	0.064	0.064	NUM
futech-487	193	28	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	29	-0.197	-0.197	PUNCT
futech-487	193	30	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	31	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	32	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	33	0.062	0.062	NUM
futech-487	193	34	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	35	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	193	36	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	37	b1	b1	NOUN
futech-487	193	38	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	193	39	b2	b2	NOUN
futech-487	193	40	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	41	0.482	0.482	NUM
futech-487	193	42	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	43	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	44	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	45	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	46	0.054	0.054	NUM
futech-487	193	47	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	48	0.437	0.437	NUM
futech-487	193	49	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	50	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	51	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	52	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	53	0.052	0.052	NUM
futech-487	193	54	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	55	0.412	0.412	NUM
futech-487	193	56	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	57	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	58	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	59	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	60	0.051	0.051	NUM
futech-487	193	61	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	62	advanced	advanced	ADJ
futech-487	193	63	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	64	c1	c1	NOUN
futech-487	193	65	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	193	66	c2	c2	PROPN
futech-487	193	67	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	68	-0.167	-0.167	PROPN
futech-487	193	69	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	70	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	71	0.071	0.071	NUM
futech-487	193	72	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	73	-0.153	-0.153	NOUN
futech-487	193	74	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	75	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	76	0.068	0.068	NUM
futech-487	193	77	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	78	-0.141	-0.141	X
futech-487	193	79	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	80	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	81	0.066	0.066	NUM
futech-487	193	82	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	83	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	193	84	background	background	NOUN
futech-487	193	85	east	east	PROPN
futech-487	193	86	asian	asian	PROPN
futech-487	193	87	0.312	0.312	NUM
futech-487	193	88	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	89	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	90	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	91	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	92	0.048	0.048	NUM
futech-487	193	93	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	94	0.287	0.287	NUM
futech-487	193	95	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	96	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	97	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	98	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	99	0.047	0.047	NUM
futech-487	193	100	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	101	western	western	ADJ
futech-487	193	102	0.178	0.178	NUM
futech-487	193	103	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	104	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	105	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	106	0.062	0.062	NUM
futech-487	193	107	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	108	0.156	0.156	NUM
futech-487	193	109	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	110	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	111	0.060	0.060	NUM
futech-487	193	112	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	113	other	other	ADJ
futech-487	193	114	0.089	0.089	NUM
futech-487	193	115	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	116	0.084	0.084	NUM
futech-487	193	117	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	118	0.082	0.082	NUM
futech-487	193	119	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	120	0.081	0.081	NUM
futech-487	193	121	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	122	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	193	123	variables	variable	VERB
futech-487	193	124	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
futech-487	193	125	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	193	126	0.567	0.567	NUM
futech-487	193	127	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	128	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	129	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	130	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	131	0.051	0.051	NUM
futech-487	193	132	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	133	extrinsic	extrinsic	ADJ
futech-487	193	134	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	193	135	0.234	0.234	NUM
futech-487	193	136	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	137	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	138	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	139	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	140	0.063	0.063	NUM
futech-487	193	141	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	142	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	193	143	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	193	144	0.389	0.389	NUM
futech-487	193	145	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	146	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	147	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	148	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	193	149	0.057	0.057	NUM
futech-487	193	150	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	193	151	model	model	NOUN
futech-487	193	152	statistics	statistic	NOUN
futech-487	193	153	r²	r²	VERB
futech-487	193	154	0.124	0.124	NUM
futech-487	193	155	0.287	0.287	NUM
futech-487	193	156	0.368	0.368	NUM
futech-487	193	157	0.428	0.428	NUM
futech-487	193	158	δr²	δr²	NOUN
futech-487	193	159	0.163	0.163	NUM
futech-487	193	160	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	161	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	193	162	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	1	0.081	0.081	NUM
futech-487	194	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	3	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	4	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	5	0.060	0.060	NUM
futech-487	194	6	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	7	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	8	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	9	f	f	X
futech-487	194	10	18.42	18.42	NUM
futech-487	194	11	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	12	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	194	13	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	195	1	26.73	26.73	NUM
futech-487	195	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	195	3	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	195	4	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	196	1	31.89	31.89	NUM
futech-487	196	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	196	3	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	196	4	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	197	1	35.67	35.67	NUM
futech-487	197	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	197	3	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	197	4	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	197	5	note	note	NOUN
futech-487	197	6	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	197	7	n	n	PROPN
futech-487	197	8	=	=	SYM
futech-487	197	9	1,247	1,247	NUM
futech-487	197	10	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	197	11	from	from	ADP
futech-487	197	12	38	38	NUM
futech-487	197	13	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	197	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	198	1	β	β	X
futech-487	198	2	=	=	PUNCT
futech-487	198	3	standardized	standardize	VERB
futech-487	198	4	regression	regression	NOUN
futech-487	198	5	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
futech-487	198	6	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	198	7	se	se	X
futech-487	198	8	=	=	SYM
futech-487	198	9	standard	standard	ADJ
futech-487	198	10	error	error	NOUN
futech-487	198	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	199	1	reference	reference	NOUN
futech-487	199	2	categories	category	NOUN
futech-487	199	3	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	199	4	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	199	5	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	199	6	=	=	PUNCT
futech-487	199	7	no	no	DET
futech-487	199	8	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	199	9	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	199	10	tested	test	VERB
futech-487	199	11	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	199	12	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	199	13	background	background	NOUN
futech-487	199	14	=	=	SYM
futech-487	199	15	mixed	mix	VERB
futech-487	199	16	/	/	SYM
futech-487	199	17	not	not	PART
futech-487	199	18	specified	specify	VERB
futech-487	199	19	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	200	1	significance	significance	NOUN
futech-487	200	2	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	200	3	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	201	1	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	201	2	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	201	3	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	201	4	p	p	X
futech-487	201	5	<	<	X
futech-487	201	6	0.001	0.001	NUM
futech-487	201	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	8	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	201	9	*	*	PUNCT
futech-487	201	10	p	p	X
futech-487	201	11	<	<	X
futech-487	201	12	0.01	0.01	NUM
futech-487	201	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	14	p	p	X
futech-487	201	15	<	<	X
futech-487	201	16	0.05	0.05	NUM
futech-487	201	17	common	common	ADJ
futech-487	201	18	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	201	19	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	201	20	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	201	21	across	across	ADP
futech-487	201	22	the	the	DET
futech-487	201	23	corpus	corpus	NOUN
futech-487	201	24	included	include	VERB
futech-487	201	25	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
futech-487	201	26	allocation	allocation	NOUN
futech-487	201	27	concealment	concealment	NOUN
futech-487	201	28	procedures	procedure	NOUN
futech-487	201	29	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	201	30	36.8	36.8	NUM
futech-487	201	31	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	201	32	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	201	33	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	201	34	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	201	35	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	36	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
futech-487	201	37	blinding	blinding	NOUN
futech-487	201	38	of	of	ADP
futech-487	201	39	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	201	40	assessors	assessor	NOUN
futech-487	201	41	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	201	42	15.8	15.8	NUM
futech-487	201	43	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	201	44	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	201	45	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	201	46	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	201	47	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	48	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	201	49	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
futech-487	201	50	reporting	reporting	NOUN
futech-487	201	51	of	of	ADP
futech-487	201	52	statistical	statistical	ADJ
futech-487	201	53	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	201	54	plans	plan	NOUN
futech-487	201	55	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	201	56	23.7	23.7	NUM
futech-487	201	57	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	201	58	unclear	unclear	ADJ
futech-487	201	59	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	201	60	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	201	61	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	62	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	201	63	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	201	64	in	in	ADP
futech-487	201	65	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	201	66	4	4	NUM
futech-487	201	67	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	201	68	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	201	69	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	201	70	in	in	ADP
futech-487	201	71	table	table	NOUN
futech-487	201	72	4	4	NUM
futech-487	201	73	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	74	the	the	DET
futech-487	201	75	most	most	ADV
futech-487	201	76	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
futech-487	201	77	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	201	78	concerns	concern	NOUN
futech-487	201	79	centered	center	VERB
futech-487	201	80	on	on	ADP
futech-487	201	81	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	201	82	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	201	83	arising	arise	VERB
futech-487	201	84	from	from	ADP
futech-487	201	85	the	the	DET
futech-487	201	86	inherent	inherent	ADJ
futech-487	201	87	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
futech-487	201	88	of	of	ADP
futech-487	201	89	blinding	blind	VERB
futech-487	201	90	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	201	91	to	to	ADP
futech-487	201	92	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	201	93	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	201	94	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	201	95	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	96	with	with	ADP
futech-487	201	97	only	only	ADV
futech-487	201	98	21.1	21.1	NUM
futech-487	201	99	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	201	100	of	of	ADP
futech-487	201	101	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	201	102	achieving	achieve	VERB
futech-487	201	103	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	201	104	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	201	105	ratings	rating	NOUN
futech-487	201	106	in	in	ADP
futech-487	201	107	this	this	DET
futech-487	201	108	domain	domain	NOUN
futech-487	201	109	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	201	110	potentially	potentially	ADV
futech-487	201	111	inflating	inflate	VERB
futech-487	201	112	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	201	113	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	201	114	by	by	ADP
futech-487	201	115	approximately	approximately	ADV
futech-487	201	116	15	15	NUM
futech-487	201	117	-	-	SYM
futech-487	201	118	20	20	NUM
futech-487	201	119	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	201	120	through	through	ADP
futech-487	201	121	increased	increase	VERB
futech-487	201	122	participant	participant	ADJ
futech-487	201	123	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	201	124	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	201	125	aware	aware	ADJ
futech-487	201	126	of	of	ADP
futech-487	201	127	receiving	receive	VERB
futech-487	201	128	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	201	129	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	201	130	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	201	131	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	201	132	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	202	1	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
futech-487	202	2	allocation	allocation	NOUN
futech-487	202	3	concealment	concealment	NOUN
futech-487	202	4	procedures	procedure	NOUN
futech-487	202	5	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	202	6	36.8	36.8	NUM
futech-487	202	7	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	202	8	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	202	9	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	202	10	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	202	11	may	may	AUX
futech-487	202	12	have	have	AUX
futech-487	202	13	introduced	introduce	VERB
futech-487	202	14	selection	selection	NOUN
futech-487	202	15	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	202	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	202	17	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	202	18	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	202	19	with	with	ADP
futech-487	202	20	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
futech-487	202	21	blinding	blinding	NOUN
futech-487	202	22	of	of	ADP
futech-487	202	23	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	202	24	assessors	assessor	NOUN
futech-487	202	25	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	202	26	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	202	27	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	202	28	0.23	0.23	NUM
futech-487	202	29	cohen	cohen	PROPN
futech-487	202	30	's	's	PART
futech-487	202	31	d	d	PROPN
futech-487	202	32	units	unit	NOUN
futech-487	202	33	larger	large	ADJ
futech-487	202	34	than	than	ADP
futech-487	202	35	adequately	adequately	ADV
futech-487	202	36	blinded	blind	VERB
futech-487	202	37	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	202	38	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	202	39	suggesting	suggest	VERB
futech-487	202	40	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	202	41	the	the	DET
futech-487	202	42	observed	observed	ADJ
futech-487	202	43	large	large	ADJ
futech-487	202	44	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	202	45	for	for	ADP
futech-487	202	46	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	202	47	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	202	48	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	202	49	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	202	50	=	=	SYM
futech-487	202	51	1.82	1.82	NUM
futech-487	202	52	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	202	53	may	may	AUX
futech-487	202	54	represent	represent	VERB
futech-487	202	55	modest	modest	ADJ
futech-487	202	56	overestimation	overestimation	NOUN
futech-487	202	57	requiring	require	VERB
futech-487	202	58	cautious	cautious	ADJ
futech-487	202	59	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
futech-487	202	60	of	of	ADP
futech-487	202	61	reported	report	VERB
futech-487	202	62	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	202	63	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
futech-487	202	64	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	203	1	yoong	yoong	PROPN
futech-487	203	2	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	203	3	hashim	hashim	PROPN
futech-487	203	4	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	203	5	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	203	6	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	203	7	similarly	similarly	ADV
futech-487	203	8	found	find	VERB
futech-487	203	9	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	203	10	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	203	11	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	203	12	based	base	VERB
futech-487	203	13	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	203	14	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	203	15	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	203	16	face	face	VERB
futech-487	203	17	unique	unique	ADJ
futech-487	203	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	203	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	203	20	maintaining	maintain	VERB
futech-487	203	21	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	203	22	rigor	rigor	NOUN
futech-487	203	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	203	24	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	203	25	regarding	regard	VERB
futech-487	203	26	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	203	27	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	203	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	203	29	due	due	ADP
futech-487	203	30	to	to	ADP
futech-487	203	31	the	the	DET
futech-487	203	32	interactive	interactive	ADJ
futech-487	203	33	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	203	34	visible	visible	ADJ
futech-487	203	35	nature	nature	NOUN
futech-487	203	36	of	of	ADP
futech-487	203	37	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	203	38	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	203	39	[	[	X
futech-487	203	40	31	31	NUM
futech-487	203	41	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	203	42	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	204	1	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	204	2	4	4	NUM
futech-487	204	3	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	205	1	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	205	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	205	3	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	205	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	205	5	across	across	ADP
futech-487	205	6	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	205	7	domains	domain	NOUN
futech-487	205	8	table	table	VERB
futech-487	205	9	4	4	NUM
futech-487	205	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	205	11	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	205	12	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	205	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	205	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	205	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	205	16	strength	strength	NOUN
futech-487	205	17	note	note	NOUN
futech-487	205	18	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	206	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	206	2	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	206	3	determined	determine	VERB
futech-487	206	4	using	use	VERB
futech-487	206	5	grade	grade	NOUN
futech-487	206	6	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	206	7	grading	grade	VERB
futech-487	206	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	206	9	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
futech-487	206	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	206	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	206	12	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	206	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	206	14	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
futech-487	206	15	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	206	16	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	206	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	206	18	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
futech-487	206	19	assessments	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	206	20	of	of	ADP
futech-487	206	21	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	206	22	of	of	ADP
futech-487	206	23	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	206	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	206	25	inconsistency	inconsistency	NOUN
futech-487	206	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	206	27	indirectness	indirectness	NOUN
futech-487	206	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	206	29	imprecision	imprecision	NOUN
futech-487	206	30	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	206	31	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	206	32	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	206	33	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	206	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	207	1	total	total	ADJ
futech-487	207	2	n	n	NOUN
futech-487	207	3	=	=	SYM
futech-487	207	4	38	38	NUM
futech-487	207	5	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	207	6	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	208	1	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	208	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	208	3	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	208	4	indicates	indicate	VERB
futech-487	208	5	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	208	6	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	208	7	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	208	8	the	the	DET
futech-487	208	9	true	true	ADJ
futech-487	208	10	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	208	11	lies	lie	VERB
futech-487	208	12	close	close	ADV
futech-487	208	13	to	to	ADP
futech-487	208	14	the	the	DET
futech-487	208	15	estimate	estimate	NOUN
futech-487	208	16	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	208	17	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	208	18	indicates	indicate	VERB
futech-487	208	19	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	208	20	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	208	21	;	;	PUNCT
futech-487	208	22	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	208	23	indicates	indicate	VERB
futech-487	208	24	limited	limited	ADJ
futech-487	208	25	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	208	26	in	in	ADP
futech-487	208	27	the	the	DET
futech-487	208	28	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	208	29	estimate	estimate	NOUN
futech-487	208	30	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	209	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	209	2	strength	strength	NOUN
futech-487	209	3	ratings	rating	NOUN
futech-487	209	4	based	base	VERB
futech-487	209	5	on	on	ADP
futech-487	209	6	grade	grade	NOUN
futech-487	209	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	209	8	grading	grade	VERB
futech-487	209	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	209	10	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
futech-487	209	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	209	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	209	13	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	209	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	209	15	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
futech-487	209	16	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	209	17	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	209	18	indicated	indicate	VERB
futech-487	209	19	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	209	20	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	209	21	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	209	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	209	23	achieved	achieve	VERB
futech-487	209	24	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	209	25	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	209	26	ratings	rating	NOUN
futech-487	209	27	due	due	ADP
futech-487	209	28	to	to	ADP
futech-487	209	29	consistent	consistent	VERB
futech-487	209	30	large	large	ADJ
futech-487	209	31	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	209	32	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	209	33	across	across	ADP
futech-487	209	34	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	209	35	with	with	ADP
futech-487	209	36	minimal	minimal	ADJ
futech-487	209	37	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
futech-487	209	38	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	209	39	i²=24.3	i²=24.3	NOUN
futech-487	209	40	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	209	41	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	209	42	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	209	43	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
futech-487	209	44	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	209	45	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	209	46	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
futech-487	209	47	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	209	48	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	209	49	received	receive	VERB
futech-487	209	50	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	209	51	confidence	confidence	NOUN
futech-487	209	52	ratings	rating	NOUN
futech-487	209	53	owing	owe	VERB
futech-487	209	54	to	to	ADP
futech-487	209	55	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	209	56	between	between	ADP
futech-487	209	57	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	209	58	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	209	59	variance	variance	NOUN
futech-487	209	60	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	209	61	indirect	indirect	ADJ
futech-487	209	62	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	209	63	measurement	measurement	NOUN
futech-487	209	64	approaches	approach	VERB
futech-487	209	65	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	210	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	210	2	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	210	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	210	4	grade	grade	NOUN
futech-487	210	5	criteria	criterion	NOUN
futech-487	210	6	follows	follow	VERB
futech-487	210	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	210	8	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	210	9	established	establish	VERB
futech-487	210	10	for	for	ADP
futech-487	210	11	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	210	12	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	210	13	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	210	14	domain	domain	NOUN
futech-487	210	15	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	210	16	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	210	17	n	n	PROPN
futech-487	210	18	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	210	19	%	%	INTJ
futech-487	210	20	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	211	1	unclear	unclear	ADJ
futech-487	212	1	n	n	CCONJ
futech-487	212	2	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	3	%	%	INTJ
futech-487	212	4	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	5	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	212	6	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	212	7	n	n	PROPN
futech-487	212	8	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	9	%	%	INTJ
futech-487	212	10	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	212	12	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	212	13	random	random	ADJ
futech-487	212	14	sequence	sequence	NOUN
futech-487	212	15	generation	generation	NOUN
futech-487	212	16	8	8	NUM
futech-487	212	17	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	18	21.1	21.1	NUM
futech-487	212	19	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	20	12	12	NUM
futech-487	212	21	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	22	31.6	31.6	NUM
futech-487	212	23	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	24	18	18	NUM
futech-487	212	25	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	26	47.3	47.3	NUM
futech-487	212	27	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	28	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	212	29	allocation	allocation	NOUN
futech-487	212	30	concealment	concealment	NOUN
futech-487	212	31	14	14	NUM
futech-487	212	32	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	33	36.8	36.8	NUM
futech-487	212	34	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	35	16	16	NUM
futech-487	212	36	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	37	42.1	42.1	NUM
futech-487	212	38	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	39	8	8	NUM
futech-487	212	40	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	41	21.1	21.1	NUM
futech-487	212	42	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	43	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	212	44	blinding	blinding	NOUN
futech-487	212	45	of	of	ADP
futech-487	212	46	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	212	47	18	18	NUM
futech-487	212	48	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	49	47.4	47.4	NUM
futech-487	212	50	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	51	14	14	NUM
futech-487	212	52	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	53	36.8	36.8	NUM
futech-487	212	54	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	55	6	6	NUM
futech-487	212	56	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	57	15.8	15.8	NUM
futech-487	212	58	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	59	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	212	60	blinding	blinding	NOUN
futech-487	212	61	of	of	ADP
futech-487	212	62	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	212	63	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	212	64	6	6	NUM
futech-487	212	65	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	66	15.8	15.8	NUM
futech-487	212	67	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	68	10	10	NUM
futech-487	212	69	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	70	26.3	26.3	NUM
futech-487	212	71	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	72	22	22	NUM
futech-487	212	73	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	74	57.9	57.9	NUM
futech-487	212	75	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	76	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	212	77	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
futech-487	212	78	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	212	79	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	212	80	4	4	NUM
futech-487	212	81	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	82	10.5	10.5	NUM
futech-487	212	83	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	84	8	8	NUM
futech-487	212	85	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	86	21.1	21.1	NUM
futech-487	212	87	)	)	SYM
futech-487	212	88	26	26	NUM
futech-487	212	89	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	90	68.4	68.4	NUM
futech-487	212	91	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	92	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	212	93	selective	selective	ADJ
futech-487	212	94	reporting	report	VERB
futech-487	212	95	3	3	NUM
futech-487	212	96	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	97	7.9	7.9	NUM
futech-487	212	98	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	99	7	7	NUM
futech-487	212	100	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	101	18.4	18.4	NUM
futech-487	212	102	)	)	SYM
futech-487	212	103	28	28	NUM
futech-487	212	104	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	105	73.7	73.7	NUM
futech-487	212	106	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	107	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	212	108	other	other	ADJ
futech-487	212	109	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	212	110	5	5	NUM
futech-487	212	111	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	112	13.2	13.2	NUM
futech-487	212	113	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	114	9	9	NUM
futech-487	212	115	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	116	23.7	23.7	NUM
futech-487	212	117	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	212	118	24	24	NUM
futech-487	212	119	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	212	120	63.1	63.1	NUM
futech-487	212	121	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	213	1	moderate	moderate	ADJ
futech-487	213	2	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	213	3	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	213	4	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	213	5	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	213	6	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	213	7	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	213	8	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	213	9	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	213	10	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	213	11	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	213	12	04	04	NUM
futech-487	214	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	214	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	214	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	215	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	215	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	215	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	215	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	215	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	215	6	236	236	NUM
futech-487	215	7	[	[	X
futech-487	215	8	32	32	NUM
futech-487	215	9	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	215	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	215	11	who	who	PRON
futech-487	215	12	advocate	advocate	VERB
futech-487	215	13	for	for	ADP
futech-487	215	14	transparent	transparent	ADJ
futech-487	215	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	215	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	215	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	215	18	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	215	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	215	20	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	215	21	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	215	22	of	of	ADP
futech-487	215	23	complex	complex	ADJ
futech-487	215	24	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	215	25	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	215	26	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	216	1	figure	figure	VERB
futech-487	216	2	4	4	NUM
futech-487	216	3	presents	present	VERB
futech-487	216	4	a	a	DET
futech-487	216	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	216	6	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	216	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	216	8	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	216	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	216	10	for	for	ADP
futech-487	216	11	all	all	DET
futech-487	216	12	38	38	NUM
futech-487	216	13	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	216	14	included	include	VERB
futech-487	216	15	in	in	ADP
futech-487	216	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	216	17	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	216	18	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	216	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	216	20	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
futech-487	216	21	across	across	ADP
futech-487	216	22	seven	seven	NUM
futech-487	216	23	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	216	24	quality	quality	NOUN
futech-487	216	25	domains	domain	NOUN
futech-487	216	26	following	follow	VERB
futech-487	216	27	the	the	DET
futech-487	216	28	cochrane	cochrane	PROPN
futech-487	216	29	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
futech-487	216	30	's	's	PART
futech-487	216	31	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	216	32	for	for	ADP
futech-487	216	33	assessing	assess	VERB
futech-487	216	34	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	216	35	of	of	ADP
futech-487	216	36	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	216	37	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	217	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	217	2	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
futech-487	217	3	stacked	stack	VERB
futech-487	217	4	bar	bar	PROPN
futech-487	217	5	chart	chart	NOUN
futech-487	217	6	employs	employ	VERB
futech-487	217	7	a	a	DET
futech-487	217	8	traffic	traffic	NOUN
futech-487	217	9	light	light	NOUN
futech-487	217	10	system	system	NOUN
futech-487	217	11	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	217	12	green	green	ADJ
futech-487	217	13	indicates	indicate	VERB
futech-487	217	14	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	217	15	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	217	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	217	17	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	217	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	217	19	yellow	yellow	ADJ
futech-487	217	20	represents	represent	VERB
futech-487	217	21	unclear	unclear	ADJ
futech-487	217	22	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	217	23	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	217	24	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	217	25	red	red	ADJ
futech-487	217	26	signifies	signifie	NOUN
futech-487	217	27	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	217	28	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	217	29	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	218	1	percentages	percentage	NOUN
futech-487	218	2	are	be	AUX
futech-487	218	3	calculated	calculate	VERB
futech-487	218	4	based	base	VERB
futech-487	218	5	on	on	ADP
futech-487	218	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	218	7	total	total	ADJ
futech-487	218	8	number	number	NOUN
futech-487	218	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	218	10	included	include	VERB
futech-487	218	11	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	218	12	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	218	13	n=38	n=38	NOUN
futech-487	218	14	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	218	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	219	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	219	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	219	3	reveals	reveal	VERB
futech-487	219	4	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	219	5	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	219	6	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
futech-487	219	7	across	across	ADP
futech-487	219	8	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	219	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	219	10	with	with	ADP
futech-487	219	11	blinding	blinding	NOUN
futech-487	219	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	219	13	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	219	14	presenting	present	VERB
futech-487	219	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	219	16	most	most	ADV
futech-487	219	17	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	219	18	challenge	challenge	NOUN
futech-487	219	19	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	219	20	47.4	47.4	NUM
futech-487	219	21	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	219	22	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	219	23	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	219	24	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	219	25	due	due	ADP
futech-487	219	26	to	to	ADP
futech-487	219	27	the	the	DET
futech-487	219	28	interactive	interactive	ADJ
futech-487	219	29	nature	nature	NOUN
futech-487	219	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	219	31	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	219	32	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	219	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	219	34	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	219	35	selective	selective	ADJ
futech-487	219	36	reporting	reporting	NOUN
futech-487	219	37	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	219	38	the	the	DET
futech-487	219	39	lowest	low	ADJ
futech-487	219	40	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	219	41	profile	profile	NOUN
futech-487	219	42	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	219	43	73.7	73.7	NUM
futech-487	219	44	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	219	45	low	low	ADJ
futech-487	219	46	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	219	47	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	219	48	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	219	49	indicating	indicate	VERB
futech-487	219	50	generally	generally	ADV
futech-487	219	51	transparent	transparent	ADJ
futech-487	219	52	outcome	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	219	53	reporting	reporting	NOUN
futech-487	219	54	practices	practice	NOUN
futech-487	219	55	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	220	1	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	220	2	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	220	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	220	4	through	through	ADP
futech-487	220	5	funnel	funnel	NOUN
futech-487	220	6	plot	plot	NOUN
futech-487	220	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	220	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	220	9	egger	egger	NOUN
futech-487	220	10	's	's	PART
futech-487	220	11	regression	regression	NOUN
futech-487	220	12	test	test	NOUN
futech-487	220	13	revealed	reveal	VERB
futech-487	220	14	asymmetrical	asymmetrical	ADJ
futech-487	220	15	distribution	distribution	NOUN
futech-487	220	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	220	17	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	220	18	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	220	19	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	220	20	p	p	X
futech-487	220	21	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	220	22	0.031	0.031	NUM
futech-487	220	23	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	220	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	220	25	indicating	indicate	VERB
futech-487	220	26	potential	potential	ADJ
futech-487	220	27	small	small	ADJ
futech-487	220	28	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	220	29	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	220	30	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	220	31	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	220	32	smaller	small	ADJ
futech-487	220	33	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	220	34	reported	report	VERB
futech-487	220	35	larger	large	ADJ
futech-487	220	36	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	220	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	220	38	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	220	39	trim	trim	VERB
futech-487	220	40	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	220	41	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	220	42	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	220	43	fill	fill	NOUN
futech-487	220	44	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	220	45	suggested	suggest	VERB
futech-487	220	46	minimal	minimal	ADJ
futech-487	220	47	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	220	48	on	on	ADP
futech-487	220	49	overall	overall	ADJ
futech-487	220	50	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
futech-487	220	51	with	with	ADP
futech-487	220	52	adjusted	adjusted	ADJ
futech-487	220	53	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	220	54	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	220	55	remaining	remain	VERB
futech-487	220	56	statistically	statistically	ADV
futech-487	220	57	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	220	58	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	221	1	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	221	2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	221	3	in	in	ADP
futech-487	221	4	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	221	5	5	5	NUM
futech-487	221	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	221	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	221	8	funnel	funnel	NOUN
futech-487	221	9	plot	plot	NOUN
futech-487	221	10	visualization	visualization	NOUN
futech-487	221	11	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
futech-487	221	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	221	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
futech-487	221	14	between	between	ADP
futech-487	221	15	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	221	16	precision	precision	NOUN
futech-487	221	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	221	18	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	221	19	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
futech-487	221	20	across	across	ADP
futech-487	221	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	221	22	included	include	VERB
futech-487	221	23	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	221	24	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	222	1	at	at	ADP
futech-487	222	2	the	the	DET
futech-487	222	3	same	same	ADJ
futech-487	222	4	time	time	NOUN
futech-487	222	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	222	6	the	the	DET
futech-487	222	7	asymmetrical	asymmetrical	ADJ
futech-487	222	8	pattern	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	222	9	is	be	AUX
futech-487	222	10	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	222	11	evident	evident	ADJ
futech-487	222	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	222	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	222	14	lower	low	ADJ
futech-487	222	15	left	left	ADJ
futech-487	222	16	quadrant	quadrant	NOUN
futech-487	222	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	222	18	suggesting	suggest	VERB
futech-487	222	19	selective	selective	ADJ
futech-487	222	20	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	222	21	favoring	favor	VERB
futech-487	222	22	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	222	23	with	with	ADP
futech-487	222	24	larger	large	ADJ
futech-487	222	25	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	222	26	sizes	size	NOUN
futech-487	222	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	223	1	however	however	ADV
futech-487	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	223	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	223	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
futech-487	223	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	223	6	primary	primary	ADJ
futech-487	223	7	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	223	8	remained	remain	VERB
futech-487	223	9	intact	intact	ADJ
futech-487	223	10	after	after	ADP
futech-487	223	11	statistical	statistical	ADJ
futech-487	223	12	adjustment	adjustment	NOUN
futech-487	223	13	for	for	ADP
futech-487	223	14	potential	potential	ADJ
futech-487	223	15	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	223	16	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	224	1	figure	figure	NOUN
futech-487	224	2	5	5	NUM
futech-487	224	3	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	224	4	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	224	5	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	224	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	224	7	in	in	ADP
futech-487	224	8	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	224	9	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	224	10	powered	powered	ADJ
futech-487	224	11	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	224	12	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	224	13	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	224	14	5	5	NUM
futech-487	224	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	225	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
futech-487	225	2	the	the	DET
futech-487	225	3	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	225	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	225	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	225	6	38	38	NUM
futech-487	225	7	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	225	8	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	225	9	aipowered	aipowered	ADJ
futech-487	225	10	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	225	11	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	225	12	reveals	reveal	VERB
futech-487	225	13	significant	significant	ADJ
futech-487	225	14	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	225	15	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	225	16	practical	practical	ADJ
futech-487	225	17	implications	implication	NOUN
futech-487	225	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	225	19	understanding	understand	VERB
futech-487	225	20	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	225	21	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	225	22	in	in	ADP
futech-487	225	23	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	225	24	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	225	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	225	26	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	225	27	within	within	ADP
futech-487	225	28	the	the	DET
futech-487	225	29	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	225	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	225	31	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
futech-487	225	32	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	225	33	theories	theory	NOUN
futech-487	225	34	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	226	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	226	2	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	226	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	226	4	substantial	substantial	ADJ
futech-487	226	5	alignment	alignment	NOUN
futech-487	226	6	with	with	ADP
futech-487	226	7	constructivist	constructivist	ADJ
futech-487	226	8	principles	principle	NOUN
futech-487	226	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	226	10	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	226	11	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	226	12	actively	actively	ADV
futech-487	226	13	construct	construct	VERB
futech-487	226	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
futech-487	226	15	through	through	ADP
futech-487	226	16	interaction	interaction	NOUN
futech-487	226	17	with	with	ADP
futech-487	226	18	authentic	authentic	ADJ
futech-487	226	19	materials	material	NOUN
futech-487	226	20	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	226	21	receive	receive	VERB
futech-487	226	22	immediate	immediate	ADJ
futech-487	226	23	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	226	24	to	to	PART
futech-487	226	25	refine	refine	VERB
futech-487	226	26	their	their	PRON
futech-487	226	27	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	226	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	227	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	227	2	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	227	3	framework	framework	NOUN
futech-487	227	4	extends	extend	VERB
futech-487	227	5	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	227	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	227	7	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
futech-487	227	8	when	when	SCONJ
futech-487	227	9	integrated	integrate	VERB
futech-487	227	10	with	with	ADP
futech-487	227	11	innovative	innovative	ADJ
futech-487	227	12	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	227	13	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	227	14	as	as	ADP
futech-487	227	15	gamification	gamification	NOUN
futech-487	227	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	227	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	227	18	which	which	PRON
futech-487	227	19	have	have	AUX
futech-487	227	20	shown	show	VERB
futech-487	227	21	promising	promising	ADJ
futech-487	227	22	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	227	23	on	on	ADP
futech-487	227	24	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	227	25	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	227	26	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	227	27	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	227	28	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	227	29	in	in	ADP
futech-487	227	30	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	227	31	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	227	32	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	227	33	[	[	X
futech-487	227	34	33	33	NUM
futech-487	227	35	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	227	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	228	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	228	2	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	228	3	mediation	mediation	NOUN
futech-487	228	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	228	5	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	228	6	processes	process	NOUN
futech-487	228	7	reflects	reflect	VERB
futech-487	228	8	broader	broad	ADJ
futech-487	228	9	trends	trend	NOUN
futech-487	228	10	in	in	ADP
futech-487	228	11	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	228	12	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	228	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	228	14	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	228	15	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	228	16	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	228	17	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
futech-487	228	18	reshape	reshape	VERB
futech-487	228	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	228	20	'	'	PART
futech-487	228	21	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
futech-487	228	22	on	on	ADP
futech-487	228	23	instructional	instructional	ADJ
futech-487	228	24	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	228	25	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	228	26	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	228	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	228	28	necessitating	necessitate	VERB
futech-487	228	29	continuous	continuous	ADJ
futech-487	228	30	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
futech-487	228	31	of	of	ADP
futech-487	228	32	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	228	33	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	228	34	to	to	PART
futech-487	228	35	leverage	leverage	VERB
futech-487	228	36	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	228	37	affordances	affordance	NOUN
futech-487	228	38	effectively	effectively	ADV
futech-487	228	39	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	228	40	maintaining	maintain	VERB
futech-487	228	41	focus	focus	NOUN
futech-487	228	42	on	on	ADP
futech-487	228	43	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
futech-487	228	44	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	228	45	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	228	46	[	[	X
futech-487	228	47	2	2	NUM
futech-487	228	48	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	228	49	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	229	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	229	2	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	229	3	extends	extend	VERB
futech-487	229	4	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
futech-487	229	5	's	's	PART
futech-487	229	6	zone	zone	NOUN
futech-487	229	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	229	8	proximal	proximal	ADJ
futech-487	229	9	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	229	10	by	by	ADP
futech-487	229	11	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	229	12	scaffolded	scaffolded	ADJ
futech-487	229	13	support	support	NOUN
futech-487	229	14	through	through	ADP
futech-487	229	15	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	229	16	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	229	17	driven	drive	VERB
futech-487	229	18	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	229	19	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	229	20	that	that	PRON
futech-487	229	21	adapt	adapt	VERB
futech-487	229	22	to	to	ADP
futech-487	229	23	individual	individual	ADJ
futech-487	229	24	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	229	25	levels	level	NOUN
futech-487	229	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	229	27	creating	create	VERB
futech-487	229	28	what	what	PRON
futech-487	229	29	might	might	AUX
futech-487	229	30	be	be	AUX
futech-487	229	31	conceptualized	conceptualize	VERB
futech-487	229	32	as	as	ADP
futech-487	229	33	a	a	DET
futech-487	229	34	'	'	PUNCT
futech-487	229	35	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	229	36	more	more	ADV
futech-487	229	37	knowledgeable	knowledgeable	ADJ
futech-487	229	38	other	other	ADJ
futech-487	229	39	'	'	PUNCT
futech-487	229	40	that	that	PRON
futech-487	229	41	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
futech-487	229	42	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	229	43	progression	progression	NOUN
futech-487	229	44	through	through	ADP
futech-487	229	45	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	229	46	interaction	interaction	NOUN
futech-487	229	47	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	229	48	[	[	X
futech-487	229	49	34	34	NUM
futech-487	229	50	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	229	51	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	230	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	230	2	observed	observe	VERB
futech-487	230	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	230	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	230	5	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	230	6	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	230	7	pathways	pathway	NOUN
futech-487	230	8	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	230	9	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	230	10	size	size	NOUN
futech-487	230	11	d	d	X
futech-487	230	12	=	=	NOUN
futech-487	230	13	1.82	1.82	NUM
futech-487	230	14	for	for	ADP
futech-487	230	15	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	230	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
futech-487	230	17	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	230	18	corroborates	corroborate	VERB
futech-487	230	19	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	230	20	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	230	21	frameworks	framework	NOUN
futech-487	230	22	proposing	propose	VERB
futech-487	230	23	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	230	24	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	230	25	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	230	26	mediated	mediate	VERB
futech-487	230	27	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	230	28	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	230	29	can	can	AUX
futech-487	230	30	enhance	enhance	VERB
futech-487	230	31	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	230	32	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	230	33	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	230	34	by	by	ADP
futech-487	230	35	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	230	36	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	230	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	230	38	individualized	individualized	ADJ
futech-487	230	39	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	230	40	that	that	PRON
futech-487	230	41	responds	respond	VERB
futech-487	230	42	dynamically	dynamically	ADV
futech-487	230	43	to	to	ADP
futech-487	230	44	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	230	45	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	230	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	231	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	231	2	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	231	3	contribute	contribute	VERB
futech-487	231	4	to	to	ADP
futech-487	231	5	an	an	DET
futech-487	231	6	emerging	emerge	VERB
futech-487	231	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	231	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	231	9	that	that	PRON
futech-487	231	10	positions	position	NOUN
futech-487	231	11	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	231	12	not	not	PART
futech-487	231	13	as	as	ADP
futech-487	231	14	a	a	DET
futech-487	231	15	replacement	replacement	NOUN
futech-487	231	16	for	for	ADP
futech-487	231	17	human	human	ADJ
futech-487	231	18	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	231	19	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	231	20	as	as	ADP
futech-487	231	21	a	a	DET
futech-487	231	22	complementary	complementary	ADJ
futech-487	231	23	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	231	24	that	that	PRON
futech-487	231	25	addresses	address	VERB
futech-487	231	26	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	231	27	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	231	28	in	in	ADP
futech-487	231	29	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	231	30	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	231	31	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	231	32	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	231	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	231	34	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	231	35	the	the	DET
futech-487	231	36	provision	provision	NOUN
futech-487	231	37	of	of	ADP
futech-487	231	38	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	231	39	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	231	40	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	231	41	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	231	42	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
futech-487	231	43	for	for	ADP
futech-487	231	44	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
futech-487	231	45	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	231	46	free	free	ADJ
futech-487	231	47	speaking	speaking	NOUN
futech-487	231	48	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	231	49	[	[	X
futech-487	231	50	35	35	NUM
futech-487	231	51	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	231	52	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	232	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
futech-487	232	2	the	the	DET
futech-487	232	3	promising	promising	ADJ
futech-487	232	4	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	232	5	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	232	6	across	across	ADP
futech-487	232	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	232	8	reviewed	review	VERB
futech-487	232	9	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	232	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	232	11	several	several	ADJ
futech-487	232	12	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	232	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	232	14	practical	practical	ADJ
futech-487	232	15	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	232	16	constrain	constrain	VERB
futech-487	232	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	232	18	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
futech-487	232	19	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	232	20	applicability	applicability	NOUN
futech-487	232	21	of	of	ADP
futech-487	232	22	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	232	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	233	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	233	2	predominance	predominance	NOUN
futech-487	233	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	233	4	short	short	ADJ
futech-487	233	5	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	233	6	term	term	NOUN
futech-487	233	7	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	233	8	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	233	9	812	812	NUM
futech-487	233	10	weeks	week	NOUN
futech-487	233	11	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	233	12	raises	raise	VERB
futech-487	233	13	questions	question	NOUN
futech-487	233	14	about	about	ADP
futech-487	233	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	233	16	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
futech-487	233	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	233	18	observed	observed	ADJ
futech-487	233	19	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	233	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	233	21	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	233	22	given	give	VERB
futech-487	233	23	the	the	DET
futech-487	233	24	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	233	25	decline	decline	NOUN
futech-487	233	26	in	in	ADP
futech-487	233	27	fluency	fluency	NOUN
futech-487	233	28	retention	retention	NOUN
futech-487	233	29	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	233	30	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	233	31	48.0	48.0	NUM
futech-487	233	32	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	233	33	at	at	ADP
futech-487	233	34	6	6	NUM
futech-487	233	35	months	month	NOUN
futech-487	233	36	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	233	37	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	233	38	to	to	ADP
futech-487	233	39	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	233	40	gains	gain	NOUN
futech-487	233	41	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	233	42	75.7	75.7	NUM
futech-487	233	43	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	233	44	retention	retention	NOUN
futech-487	233	45	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	233	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	234	1	geographic	geographic	ADJ
futech-487	234	2	concentration	concentration	NOUN
futech-487	234	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	234	4	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	234	5	in	in	ADP
futech-487	234	6	east	east	ADJ
futech-487	234	7	asian	asian	ADJ
futech-487	234	8	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	234	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	234	10	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	234	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	234	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
futech-487	234	13	toward	toward	ADP
futech-487	234	14	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	234	15	adoption	adoption	NOUN
futech-487	234	16	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	234	17	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	234	18	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	234	19	differ	differ	VERB
futech-487	234	20	significantly	significantly	ADV
futech-487	234	21	from	from	ADP
futech-487	234	22	western	western	ADJ
futech-487	234	23	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	234	24	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	234	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	234	26	potentially	potentially	ADV
futech-487	234	27	limits	limit	VERB
futech-487	234	28	the	the	DET
futech-487	234	29	transferability	transferability	NOUN
futech-487	234	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	234	31	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	234	32	to	to	PART
futech-487	234	33	diverse	diverse	VERB
futech-487	234	34	global	global	ADJ
futech-487	234	35	contexts	context	NOUN
futech-487	234	36	[	[	X
futech-487	234	37	36	36	NUM
futech-487	234	38	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	234	39	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	235	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	235	2	inherent	inherent	ADJ
futech-487	235	3	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
futech-487	235	4	in	in	ADP
futech-487	235	5	blinding	blind	VERB
futech-487	235	6	participants	participant	NOUN
futech-487	235	7	to	to	ADP
futech-487	235	8	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	235	9	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	235	10	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	235	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	235	12	reflected	reflect	VERB
futech-487	235	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	235	14	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	235	15	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	235	16	ratings	rating	NOUN
futech-487	235	17	for	for	ADP
futech-487	235	18	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	235	19	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	235	20	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	235	21	47.4	47.4	NUM
futech-487	235	22	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	235	23	of	of	ADP
futech-487	235	24	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	235	25	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	235	26	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	235	27	introduces	introduce	VERB
futech-487	235	28	potential	potential	ADJ
futech-487	235	29	placebo	placebo	NOUN
futech-487	235	30	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	235	31	that	that	PRON
futech-487	235	32	may	may	AUX
futech-487	235	33	inflate	inflate	VERB
futech-487	235	34	reported	report	VERB
futech-487	235	35	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	235	36	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	236	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
futech-487	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	236	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	236	4	focus	focus	NOUN
futech-487	236	5	on	on	ADP
futech-487	236	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
futech-487	236	7	metrics	metric	NOUN
futech-487	236	8	of	of	ADP
futech-487	236	9	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	236	10	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	236	11	may	may	AUX
futech-487	236	12	overlook	overlook	VERB
futech-487	236	13	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
futech-487	236	14	aspects	aspect	NOUN
futech-487	236	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	236	16	communicative	communicative	ADJ
futech-487	236	17	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	236	18	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	236	19	such	such	ADJ
futech-487	236	20	as	as	ADP
futech-487	236	21	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
futech-487	236	22	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
futech-487	236	23	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	236	24	intercultural	intercultural	ADJ
futech-487	236	25	communication	communication	NOUN
futech-487	236	26	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	236	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	236	28	which	which	PRON
futech-487	236	29	are	be	AUX
futech-487	236	30	essential	essential	ADJ
futech-487	236	31	for	for	ADP
futech-487	236	32	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	236	33	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	236	34	contexts	context	NOUN
futech-487	236	35	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	236	36	difficult	difficult	ADJ
futech-487	236	37	to	to	PART
futech-487	236	38	capture	capture	VERB
futech-487	236	39	through	through	ADP
futech-487	236	40	automated	automate	VERB
futech-487	236	41	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	236	42	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	236	43	[	[	X
futech-487	236	44	23	23	NUM
futech-487	236	45	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	236	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	237	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	237	2	identified	identify	VERB
futech-487	237	3	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	237	4	gaps	gap	NOUN
futech-487	237	5	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	237	6	methodological	methodological	ADJ
futech-487	237	7	limitations	limitation	NOUN
futech-487	237	8	point	point	VERB
futech-487	237	9	toward	toward	ADP
futech-487	237	10	several	several	ADJ
futech-487	237	11	promising	promising	ADJ
futech-487	237	12	avenues	avenue	NOUN
futech-487	237	13	for	for	ADP
futech-487	237	14	future	future	ADJ
futech-487	237	15	investigation	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	237	16	that	that	PRON
futech-487	237	17	could	could	AUX
futech-487	237	18	advance	advance	VERB
futech-487	237	19	both	both	DET
futech-487	237	20	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	237	21	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	237	22	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	237	23	practical	practical	ADJ
futech-487	237	24	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	237	25	of	of	ADP
futech-487	237	26	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	237	27	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	237	28	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	237	29	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	237	30	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	237	31	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	237	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	238	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
futech-487	238	2	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	238	3	extending	extend	VERB
futech-487	238	4	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	238	5	one	one	NUM
futech-487	238	6	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	238	7	year	year	NOUN
futech-487	238	8	are	be	AUX
futech-487	238	9	essential	essential	ADJ
futech-487	238	10	to	to	PART
futech-487	238	11	understand	understand	VERB
futech-487	238	12	the	the	DET
futech-487	238	13	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
futech-487	238	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	238	15	skill	skill	NOUN
futech-487	238	16	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
futech-487	238	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	238	18	the	the	DET
futech-487	238	19	optimal	optimal	ADJ
futech-487	238	20	frequency	frequency	NOUN
futech-487	238	21	of	of	ADP
futech-487	238	22	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	238	23	needed	need	VERB
futech-487	238	24	to	to	PART
futech-487	238	25	sustain	sustain	VERB
futech-487	238	26	improvements	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	238	27	in	in	ADP
futech-487	238	28	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	238	29	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	239	1	[	[	X
futech-487	239	2	37	37	NUM
futech-487	239	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	239	4	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	240	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	240	2	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	240	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	240	4	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
futech-487	240	5	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	240	6	collection	collection	NOUN
futech-487	240	7	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	240	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	240	9	combining	combine	VERB
futech-487	240	10	speech	speech	NOUN
futech-487	240	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	240	12	with	with	ADP
futech-487	240	13	eyetracking	eyetracking	NOUN
futech-487	240	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	240	15	neuroimaging	neuroimaging	NOUN
futech-487	240	16	techniques	technique	NOUN
futech-487	240	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	240	18	could	could	AUX
futech-487	240	19	provide	provide	VERB
futech-487	240	20	deeper	deep	ADJ
futech-487	240	21	insights	insight	NOUN
futech-487	240	22	into	into	ADP
futech-487	240	23	the	the	DET
futech-487	240	24	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
futech-487	240	25	processes	process	NOUN
futech-487	240	26	underlying	underlie	VERB
futech-487	240	27	successful	successful	ADJ
futech-487	240	28	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	240	29	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	240	30	through	through	ADP
futech-487	240	31	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	240	32	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	240	33	mediated	mediate	VERB
futech-487	240	34	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	240	35	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	241	1	crosscultural	crosscultural	ADJ
futech-487	241	2	comparative	comparative	ADJ
futech-487	241	3	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	241	4	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	241	5	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	241	6	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	241	7	from	from	ADP
futech-487	241	8	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	241	9	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
futech-487	241	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	241	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	241	12	backgrounds	background	NOUN
futech-487	241	13	interact	interact	VERB
futech-487	241	14	with	with	ADP
futech-487	241	15	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	241	16	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	241	17	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	241	18	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	241	19	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	241	20	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	241	21	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	241	22	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	241	23	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	241	24	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	241	25	04	04	NUM
futech-487	242	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	242	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	242	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	243	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	243	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	243	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	243	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	243	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	243	6	237	237	NUM
futech-487	243	7	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	243	8	benefit	benefit	VERB
futech-487	243	9	from	from	ADP
futech-487	243	10	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	243	11	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	243	12	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	243	13	would	would	AUX
futech-487	243	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
futech-487	243	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	243	16	ecological	ecological	ADJ
futech-487	243	17	validity	validity	NOUN
futech-487	243	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	243	19	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	243	20	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	243	21	inform	inform	VERB
futech-487	243	22	culturally	culturally	ADV
futech-487	243	23	responsive	responsive	ADJ
futech-487	243	24	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	243	25	principles	principle	NOUN
futech-487	243	26	[	[	X
futech-487	243	27	38	38	NUM
futech-487	243	28	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	243	29	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	244	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	244	2	emergence	emergence	NOUN
futech-487	244	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	244	4	large	large	ADJ
futech-487	244	5	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	244	6	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	244	7	presents	present	VERB
futech-487	244	8	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
futech-487	244	9	to	to	PART
futech-487	244	10	investigate	investigate	VERB
futech-487	244	11	more	more	ADV
futech-487	244	12	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
futech-487	244	13	conversational	conversational	ADJ
futech-487	244	14	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	244	15	that	that	PRON
futech-487	244	16	can	can	AUX
futech-487	244	17	engage	engage	VERB
futech-487	244	18	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	244	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	244	20	open	open	ADV
futech-487	244	21	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	244	22	ended	end	VERB
futech-487	244	23	dialogues	dialogue	NOUN
futech-487	244	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	244	25	moving	move	VERB
futech-487	244	26	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	244	27	the	the	DET
futech-487	244	28	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	244	29	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
futech-487	244	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	244	31	scripted	script	VERB
futech-487	244	32	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	244	33	exercises	exercise	NOUN
futech-487	244	34	toward	toward	ADP
futech-487	244	35	truly	truly	ADV
futech-487	244	36	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	244	37	conversational	conversational	ADJ
futech-487	244	38	partners	partner	NOUN
futech-487	244	39	[	[	X
futech-487	244	40	39	39	NUM
futech-487	244	41	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	244	42	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	245	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	245	2	practical	practical	ADJ
futech-487	245	3	implications	implication	NOUN
futech-487	245	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	245	5	this	this	DET
futech-487	245	6	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	245	7	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	245	8	extend	extend	VERB
futech-487	245	9	across	across	ADP
futech-487	245	10	multiple	multiple	ADJ
futech-487	245	11	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	245	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	245	13	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	245	14	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	245	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	245	16	from	from	ADP
futech-487	245	17	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
futech-487	245	18	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	245	19	to	to	ADP
futech-487	245	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	245	21	professional	professional	ADJ
futech-487	245	22	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	245	23	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	245	24	institutional	institutional	ADJ
futech-487	245	25	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	245	26	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	245	27	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	245	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	245	29	considerations	consideration	NOUN
futech-487	245	30	that	that	PRON
futech-487	245	31	become	become	VERB
futech-487	245	32	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	245	33	salient	salient	NOUN
futech-487	245	34	given	give	VERB
futech-487	245	35	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	245	36	variations	variation	NOUN
futech-487	245	37	in	in	ADP
futech-487	245	38	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	245	39	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	245	40	'	'	PART
futech-487	245	41	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
futech-487	245	42	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	245	43	readiness	readiness	NOUN
futech-487	245	44	to	to	PART
futech-487	245	45	integrate	integrate	VERB
futech-487	245	46	fourth	fourth	ADJ
futech-487	245	47	industrial	industrial	ADJ
futech-487	245	48	revolution	revolution	NOUN
futech-487	245	49	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	245	50	into	into	ADP
futech-487	245	51	their	their	PRON
futech-487	245	52	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	245	53	practices	practice	NOUN
futech-487	245	54	across	across	ADP
futech-487	245	55	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	245	56	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	245	57	contexts	context	NOUN
futech-487	245	58	[	[	X
futech-487	245	59	40	40	NUM
futech-487	245	60	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	245	61	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	246	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	246	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	246	3	challenges	challenge	VERB
futech-487	246	4	necessitate	necessitate	ADJ
futech-487	246	5	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
futech-487	246	6	professional	professional	ADJ
futech-487	246	7	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	246	8	frameworks	framework	NOUN
futech-487	246	9	that	that	PRON
futech-487	246	10	address	address	VERB
futech-487	246	11	not	not	PART
futech-487	246	12	only	only	ADV
futech-487	246	13	technical	technical	ADJ
futech-487	246	14	competencies	competency	NOUN
futech-487	246	15	but	but	CCONJ
futech-487	246	16	also	also	ADV
futech-487	246	17	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	246	18	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	246	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	246	20	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	246	21	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	246	22	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	246	23	can	can	AUX
futech-487	246	24	enhance	enhance	VERB
futech-487	246	25	specific	specific	ADJ
futech-487	246	26	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	246	27	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	246	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	246	29	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	246	30	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
futech-487	246	31	in	in	ADP
futech-487	246	32	recent	recent	ADJ
futech-487	246	33	investigations	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	246	34	examining	examine	VERB
futech-487	246	35	the	the	DET
futech-487	246	36	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	246	37	of	of	ADP
futech-487	246	38	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	246	39	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	246	40	in	in	ADP
futech-487	246	41	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	246	42	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	246	43	within	within	ADP
futech-487	246	44	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	246	45	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	246	46	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	246	47	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	246	48	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	246	49	perspectives	perspective	VERB
futech-487	246	50	significantly	significantly	ADV
futech-487	246	51	influence	influence	VERB
futech-487	246	52	successful	successful	ADJ
futech-487	246	53	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	246	54	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	247	1	[	[	X
futech-487	247	2	41	41	NUM
futech-487	247	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	247	4	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	248	1	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	248	2	institutions	institution	NOUN
futech-487	248	3	implementing	implement	VERB
futech-487	248	4	ai	ai	ADP
futech-487	248	5	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	248	6	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	248	7	benefit	benefit	VERB
futech-487	248	8	from	from	ADP
futech-487	248	9	adopting	adopt	VERB
futech-487	248	10	staged	stage	VERB
futech-487	248	11	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	248	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
futech-487	248	13	that	that	PRON
futech-487	248	14	embed	embed	VERB
futech-487	248	15	these	these	DET
futech-487	248	16	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	248	17	within	within	ADP
futech-487	248	18	existing	exist	VERB
futech-487	248	19	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
futech-487	248	20	frameworks	framework	NOUN
futech-487	248	21	through	through	ADP
futech-487	248	22	blended	blend	VERB
futech-487	248	23	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	248	24	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	248	25	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	248	26	ai	ai	AUX
futech-487	248	27	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	248	28	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	248	29	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	248	30	sessions	session	NOUN
futech-487	248	31	complement	complement	VERB
futech-487	248	32	traditional	traditional	ADJ
futech-487	248	33	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	248	34	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	248	35	during	during	ADP
futech-487	248	36	designated	designate	VERB
futech-487	248	37	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
futech-487	248	38	periods	period	NOUN
futech-487	248	39	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	248	40	homework	homework	NOUN
futech-487	248	41	assignments	assignment	NOUN
futech-487	248	42	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	248	43	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	248	44	maintaining	maintain	VERB
futech-487	248	45	instructor	instructor	NOUN
futech-487	248	46	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	248	47	led	lead	VERB
futech-487	248	48	components	component	NOUN
futech-487	248	49	for	for	ADP
futech-487	248	50	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	248	51	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
futech-487	248	52	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	248	53	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
futech-487	248	54	skill	skill	NOUN
futech-487	248	55	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	248	56	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	249	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	249	2	observed	observe	VERB
futech-487	249	3	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	249	4	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	249	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	249	6	align	align	VERB
futech-487	249	7	with	with	ADP
futech-487	249	8	hofstede	hofstede	NOUN
futech-487	249	9	's	's	PART
futech-487	249	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	249	11	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
futech-487	249	12	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	249	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	249	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
futech-487	249	15	power	power	NOUN
futech-487	249	16	distance	distance	NOUN
futech-487	249	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	249	18	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
futech-487	249	19	avoidance	avoidance	NOUN
futech-487	249	20	orientations	orientation	NOUN
futech-487	249	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	249	22	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	249	23	east	east	ADJ
futech-487	249	24	asian	asian	ADJ
futech-487	249	25	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	249	26	'	'	PART
futech-487	249	27	34.7	34.7	NUM
futech-487	249	28	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	249	29	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	249	30	completion	completion	NOUN
futech-487	249	31	rates	rate	NOUN
futech-487	249	32	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	249	33	coupled	couple	VERB
futech-487	249	34	with	with	ADP
futech-487	249	35	lower	low	ADJ
futech-487	249	36	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	249	37	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	249	38	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
futech-487	249	39	scores	score	NOUN
futech-487	249	40	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	249	41	reflect	reflect	VERB
futech-487	249	42	collectivist	collectivist	NOUN
futech-487	249	43	preferences	preference	NOUN
futech-487	249	44	for	for	ADP
futech-487	249	45	structured	structured	ADJ
futech-487	249	46	guidance	guidance	NOUN
futech-487	249	47	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	249	48	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
futech-487	249	49	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	249	50	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	249	51	that	that	PRON
futech-487	249	52	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	249	53	systems	system	NOUN
futech-487	249	54	effectively	effectively	ADV
futech-487	249	55	provide	provide	VERB
futech-487	249	56	through	through	ADP
futech-487	249	57	consistent	consistent	ADJ
futech-487	249	58	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	249	59	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
futech-487	249	60	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	250	1	cost	cost	NOUN
futech-487	250	2	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	250	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	250	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	250	5	indicate	indicate	VERB
futech-487	250	6	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	250	7	ai	ai	AUX
futech-487	250	8	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	250	9	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	250	10	require	require	VERB
futech-487	250	11	initial	initial	ADJ
futech-487	250	12	investments	investment	NOUN
futech-487	250	13	of	of	ADP
futech-487	250	14	approximately	approximately	ADV
futech-487	250	15	$	$	SYM
futech-487	250	16	15	15	NUM
futech-487	250	17	-	-	SYM
futech-487	250	18	25	25	NUM
futech-487	250	19	per	per	ADP
futech-487	250	20	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	250	21	annually	annually	ADV
futech-487	250	22	compared	compare	VERB
futech-487	250	23	to	to	ADP
futech-487	250	24	$	$	SYM
futech-487	250	25	180	180	NUM
futech-487	250	26	-	-	SYM
futech-487	250	27	240	240	NUM
futech-487	250	28	for	for	ADP
futech-487	250	29	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
futech-487	250	30	individual	individual	ADJ
futech-487	250	31	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
futech-487	250	32	sessions	session	NOUN
futech-487	250	33	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	250	34	though	though	SCONJ
futech-487	250	35	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
futech-487	250	36	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	250	37	demands	demand	NOUN
futech-487	250	38	addressing	address	VERB
futech-487	250	39	the	the	DET
futech-487	250	40	documented	document	VERB
futech-487	250	41	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	250	42	plateau	plateau	NOUN
futech-487	250	43	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	250	44	through	through	ADP
futech-487	250	45	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	250	46	content	content	NOUN
futech-487	250	47	refresh	refresh	NOUN
futech-487	250	48	cycles	cycle	NOUN
futech-487	250	49	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	250	50	gamification	gamification	NOUN
futech-487	250	51	elements	element	NOUN
futech-487	250	52	that	that	PRON
futech-487	250	53	maintain	maintain	VERB
futech-487	250	54	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	250	55	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	250	56	the	the	DET
futech-487	250	57	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	250	58	4	4	NUM
futech-487	250	59	-	-	SYM
futech-487	250	60	6	6	NUM
futech-487	250	61	week	week	NOUN
futech-487	250	62	threshold	threshold	NOUN
futech-487	250	63	where	where	SCONJ
futech-487	250	64	improvement	improvement	NOUN
futech-487	250	65	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
futech-487	250	66	typically	typically	ADV
futech-487	250	67	stabilize	stabilize	VERB
futech-487	250	68	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	250	69	suggesting	suggest	VERB
futech-487	250	70	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	250	71	periodic	periodic	ADJ
futech-487	250	72	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
futech-487	250	73	updates	update	NOUN
futech-487	250	74	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	250	75	diversified	diversified	ADJ
futech-487	250	76	practice	practice	NOUN
futech-487	250	77	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
futech-487	250	78	represent	represent	VERB
futech-487	250	79	essential	essential	ADJ
futech-487	250	80	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	250	81	for	for	ADP
futech-487	250	82	sustaining	sustain	VERB
futech-487	250	83	long	long	ADJ
futech-487	250	84	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	250	85	term	term	NOUN
futech-487	250	86	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	250	87	gains	gain	NOUN
futech-487	250	88	[	[	X
futech-487	250	89	42	42	NUM
futech-487	250	90	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	250	91	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	251	1	it	it	PRON
futech-487	251	2	is	be	AUX
futech-487	251	3	imperative	imperative	ADJ
futech-487	251	4	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	251	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	251	6	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	251	7	programs	program	NOUN
futech-487	251	8	move	move	VERB
futech-487	251	9	beyond	beyond	ADP
futech-487	251	10	only	only	ADV
futech-487	251	11	developing	develop	VERB
futech-487	251	12	technical	technical	ADJ
futech-487	251	13	competencies	competency	NOUN
futech-487	251	14	for	for	ADP
futech-487	251	15	using	use	VERB
futech-487	251	16	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	251	17	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	251	18	to	to	ADP
futech-487	251	19	establishing	establish	VERB
futech-487	251	20	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	251	21	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	251	22	for	for	ADP
futech-487	251	23	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	251	24	to	to	PART
futech-487	251	25	integrate	integrate	VERB
futech-487	251	26	these	these	DET
futech-487	251	27	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	251	28	in	in	ADP
futech-487	251	29	ways	way	NOUN
futech-487	251	30	that	that	PRON
futech-487	251	31	are	be	AUX
futech-487	251	32	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
futech-487	251	33	within	within	ADP
futech-487	251	34	the	the	DET
futech-487	251	35	extant	extant	ADJ
futech-487	251	36	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
futech-487	251	37	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	251	38	responding	respond	VERB
futech-487	251	39	to	to	ADP
futech-487	251	40	the	the	DET
futech-487	251	41	50	50	NUM
futech-487	251	42	%	%	NOUN
futech-487	251	43	of	of	ADP
futech-487	251	44	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	251	45	who	who	PRON
futech-487	251	46	claim	claim	VERB
futech-487	251	47	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
futech-487	251	48	training	training	NOUN
futech-487	251	49	is	be	AUX
futech-487	251	50	a	a	DET
futech-487	251	51	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	251	52	barrier	barrier	NOUN
futech-487	251	53	to	to	ADP
futech-487	251	54	implementation	implementation	NOUN
futech-487	252	1	[	[	X
futech-487	252	2	43	43	NUM
futech-487	252	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	252	4	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	253	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	253	2	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	253	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	253	4	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	253	5	instructional	instructional	ADJ
futech-487	253	6	models	model	NOUN
futech-487	253	7	that	that	PRON
futech-487	253	8	leverage	leverage	NOUN
futech-487	253	9	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	253	10	for	for	ADP
futech-487	253	11	targeted	target	VERB
futech-487	253	12	skill	skill	NOUN
futech-487	253	13	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	253	14	while	while	SCONJ
futech-487	253	15	preserving	preserve	VERB
futech-487	253	16	human	human	ADJ
futech-487	253	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	253	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	253	19	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	253	20	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
futech-487	253	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	253	22	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
futech-487	253	23	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	253	24	represents	represent	VERB
futech-487	253	25	a	a	DET
futech-487	253	26	balanced	balanced	ADJ
futech-487	253	27	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	253	28	that	that	PRON
futech-487	253	29	maximizes	maximize	VERB
futech-487	253	30	the	the	DET
futech-487	253	31	strengths	strength	NOUN
futech-487	253	32	of	of	ADP
futech-487	253	33	both	both	DET
futech-487	253	34	modalities	modality	NOUN
futech-487	253	35	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	254	1	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	254	2	formats	format	NOUN
futech-487	254	3	combining	combine	VERB
futech-487	254	4	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	254	5	for	for	ADP
futech-487	254	6	selective	selective	ADJ
futech-487	254	7	ability	ability	NOUN
futech-487	254	8	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	254	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	254	10	human	human	ADJ
futech-487	254	11	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	254	12	for	for	ADP
futech-487	254	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	254	14	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
futech-487	254	15	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	254	16	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
futech-487	254	17	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	254	18	would	would	AUX
futech-487	254	19	be	be	AUX
futech-487	254	20	a	a	DET
futech-487	254	21	balanced	balanced	ADJ
futech-487	254	22	strategy	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	254	23	to	to	PART
futech-487	254	24	maximize	maximize	VERB
futech-487	254	25	the	the	DET
futech-487	254	26	merits	merit	NOUN
futech-487	254	27	of	of	ADP
futech-487	254	28	both	both	DET
futech-487	254	29	types	type	NOUN
futech-487	254	30	of	of	ADP
futech-487	254	31	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	254	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	255	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	255	2	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
futech-487	255	3	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	255	4	is	be	AUX
futech-487	255	5	motivated	motivate	VERB
futech-487	255	6	by	by	ADP
futech-487	255	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	255	8	results	result	NOUN
futech-487	255	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	255	10	baskara	baskara	NOUN
futech-487	255	11	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	255	12	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	255	13	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	256	1	[	[	X
futech-487	256	2	44	44	NUM
futech-487	256	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	256	4	investigation	investigation	NOUN
futech-487	256	5	on	on	ADP
futech-487	256	6	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
futech-487	256	7	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	256	8	vera	vera	NOUN
futech-487	256	9	’s	’s	PART
futech-487	256	10	[	[	X
futech-487	256	11	45	45	NUM
futech-487	256	12	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	256	13	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	256	14	on	on	ADP
futech-487	256	15	the	the	DET
futech-487	256	16	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	256	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	256	18	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	256	19	in	in	ADP
futech-487	256	20	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	256	21	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	256	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	256	23	as	as	SCONJ
futech-487	256	24	they	they	PRON
futech-487	256	25	all	all	PRON
futech-487	256	26	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
futech-487	256	27	the	the	DET
futech-487	256	28	need	need	NOUN
futech-487	256	29	for	for	ADP
futech-487	256	30	human	human	NOUN
futech-487	256	31	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	256	32	in	in	ADP
futech-487	256	33	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	256	34	theloop	theloop	NOUN
futech-487	256	35	in	in	ADP
futech-487	256	36	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	256	37	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	256	38	based	base	VERB
futech-487	256	39	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	256	40	contexts	contexts	NOUN
futech-487	256	41	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	257	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
futech-487	257	2	policies	policy	NOUN
futech-487	257	3	are	be	AUX
futech-487	257	4	needed	need	VERB
futech-487	257	5	to	to	PART
futech-487	257	6	define	define	VERB
futech-487	257	7	ethical	ethical	ADJ
futech-487	257	8	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	257	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	257	10	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	257	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	257	12	data	data	NOUN
futech-487	257	13	privacy	privacy	NOUN
futech-487	257	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	257	15	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	257	16	fairness	fairness	NOUN
futech-487	257	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	257	18	access	access	NOUN
futech-487	257	19	to	to	PART
futech-487	257	20	avoid	avoid	VERB
futech-487	257	21	deepening	deepen	VERB
futech-487	257	22	existing	exist	VERB
futech-487	257	23	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	257	24	inequities	inequity	NOUN
futech-487	257	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	257	26	especially	especially	ADV
futech-487	257	27	in	in	ADP
futech-487	257	28	light	light	NOUN
futech-487	257	29	of	of	ADP
futech-487	257	30	lower	low	ADJ
futech-487	257	31	adoption	adoption	NOUN
futech-487	257	32	by	by	ADP
futech-487	257	33	high	high	ADJ
futech-487	257	34	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	257	35	poverty	poverty	NOUN
futech-487	257	36	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	257	37	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	257	38	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	258	1	6	6	X
futech-487	258	2	.	.	X
futech-487	258	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
futech-487	258	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	258	5	present	present	ADJ
futech-487	258	6	meta	meta	ADJ
futech-487	258	7	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	258	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	258	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	258	10	38	38	NUM
futech-487	258	11	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	258	12	on	on	ADP
futech-487	258	13	ai	ai	ADV
futech-487	258	14	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	258	15	based	base	VERB
futech-487	258	16	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	258	17	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	258	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	258	19	supported	support	VERB
futech-487	258	20	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	258	21	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	258	22	paths	path	NOUN
futech-487	258	23	for	for	ADP
futech-487	258	24	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	258	25	of	of	ADP
futech-487	258	26	be	be	AUX
futech-487	258	27	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	258	28	provides	provide	VERB
futech-487	258	29	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	258	30	on	on	ADP
futech-487	258	31	their	their	PRON
futech-487	258	32	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	258	33	on	on	ADP
futech-487	258	34	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	258	35	competence	competence	NOUN
futech-487	258	36	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	258	37	yields	yield	NOUN
futech-487	258	38	both	both	DET
futech-487	258	39	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
futech-487	258	40	implications	implication	NOUN
futech-487	258	41	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	258	42	practical	practical	ADJ
futech-487	258	43	implications	implication	NOUN
futech-487	258	44	for	for	ADP
futech-487	258	45	technologyenhanced	technologyenhance	VERB
futech-487	258	46	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	258	47	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	258	48	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	259	1	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	259	2	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	259	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
futech-487	259	4	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	259	5	personalized	personalize	VERB
futech-487	259	6	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
futech-487	259	7	architectures	architecture	NOUN
futech-487	259	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	259	9	especially	especially	ADV
futech-487	259	10	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
futech-487	259	11	filtering	filtering	NOUN
futech-487	259	12	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	259	13	neural	neural	ADJ
futech-487	259	14	networks	network	NOUN
futech-487	259	15	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	259	16	lead	lead	VERB
futech-487	259	17	to	to	ADP
futech-487	259	18	large	large	ADJ
futech-487	259	19	changes	change	NOUN
futech-487	259	20	in	in	ADP
futech-487	259	21	accurate	accurate	ADJ
futech-487	259	22	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
futech-487	259	23	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	259	24	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	259	25	=	=	SYM
futech-487	259	26	1.82	1.82	NUM
futech-487	259	27	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	259	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	259	29	fluent	fluent	ADJ
futech-487	259	30	speaking	speaking	NOUN
futech-487	259	31	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	259	32	d	d	NOUN
futech-487	259	33	=	=	SYM
futech-487	259	34	1.46	1.46	NUM
futech-487	259	35	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	259	36	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	259	37	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	259	38	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
futech-487	259	39	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	259	40	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	259	41	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	259	42	best	well	ADV
futech-487	259	43	respond	respond	VERB
futech-487	259	44	to	to	ADP
futech-487	259	45	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	259	46	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	259	47	mediated	mediate	VERB
futech-487	259	48	interventions	intervention	NOUN
futech-487	259	49	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	260	1	conceptually	conceptually	ADV
futech-487	260	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	260	3	these	these	DET
futech-487	260	4	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	260	5	have	have	VERB
futech-487	260	6	broader	broad	ADJ
futech-487	260	7	implications	implication	NOUN
futech-487	260	8	than	than	ADP
futech-487	260	9	the	the	DET
futech-487	260	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	260	11	verification	verification	NOUN
futech-487	260	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	260	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	260	14	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
futech-487	260	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	260	16	dyap	dyap	NOUN
futech-487	260	17	in	in	ADP
futech-487	260	18	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	260	19	they	they	PRON
futech-487	260	20	reimagine	reimagine	VERB
futech-487	260	21	the	the	DET
futech-487	260	22	status	status	NOUN
futech-487	260	23	of	of	ADP
futech-487	260	24	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	260	25	in	in	ADP
futech-487	260	26	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	260	27	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	260	28	as	as	ADP
futech-487	260	29	a	a	DET
futech-487	260	30	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
futech-487	260	31	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	260	32	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
futech-487	260	33	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	260	34	in	in	ADP
futech-487	260	35	the	the	DET
futech-487	260	36	form	form	NOUN
futech-487	260	37	of	of	ADP
futech-487	260	38	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	260	39	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	260	40	driven	drive	VERB
futech-487	260	41	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	260	42	that	that	PRON
futech-487	260	43	scaffold	scaffold	VERB
futech-487	260	44	rather	rather	ADV
futech-487	260	45	than	than	ADP
futech-487	260	46	replace	replace	VERB
futech-487	260	47	the	the	DET
futech-487	260	48	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	260	49	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	260	50	addressing	address	VERB
futech-487	260	51	the	the	DET
futech-487	260	52	perennial	perennial	ADJ
futech-487	260	53	problem	problem	NOUN
futech-487	260	54	of	of	ADP
futech-487	260	55	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	260	56	constant	constant	ADJ
futech-487	260	57	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	260	58	individualised	individualised	ADJ
futech-487	260	59	feedback	feedback	NOUN
futech-487	260	60	in	in	ADP
futech-487	260	61	a	a	DET
futech-487	260	62	contextually	contextually	ADV
futech-487	260	63	restricted	restrict	VERB
futech-487	260	64	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	260	65	environment	environment	NOUN
futech-487	260	66	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	261	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	261	2	identification	identification	NOUN
futech-487	261	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	261	4	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	261	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
futech-487	261	6	as	as	ADP
futech-487	261	7	key	key	ADJ
futech-487	261	8	moderating	moderating	NOUN
futech-487	261	9	variables	variable	NOUN
futech-487	261	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	261	11	combined	combine	VERB
futech-487	261	12	with	with	ADP
futech-487	261	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	261	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	261	15	differences	difference	NOUN
futech-487	261	16	in	in	ADP
futech-487	261	17	retention	retention	NOUN
futech-487	261	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
futech-487	261	19	across	across	ADP
futech-487	261	20	spoken	spoken	ADJ
futech-487	261	21	sub	sub	NOUN
futech-487	261	22	-	-	NOUN
futech-487	261	23	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	261	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	261	25	moves	move	VERB
futech-487	261	26	the	the	DET
futech-487	261	27	field	field	NOUN
futech-487	261	28	forward	forward	ADV
futech-487	261	29	in	in	ADP
futech-487	261	30	the	the	DET
futech-487	261	31	understanding	understanding	NOUN
futech-487	261	32	of	of	ADP
futech-487	261	33	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	261	34	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	261	35	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	261	36	paths	path	NOUN
futech-487	261	37	can	can	AUX
futech-487	261	38	be	be	AUX
futech-487	261	39	personalized	personalize	VERB
futech-487	261	40	for	for	ADP
futech-487	261	41	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	261	42	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	261	43	populations	population	NOUN
futech-487	261	44	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	262	1	these	these	DET
futech-487	262	2	findings	finding	NOUN
futech-487	262	3	have	have	VERB
futech-487	262	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	262	5	potential	potential	NOUN
futech-487	262	6	to	to	PART
futech-487	262	7	transform	transform	VERB
futech-487	262	8	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	262	9	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	262	10	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	262	11	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
futech-487	262	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	262	13	providing	provide	VERB
futech-487	262	14	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	262	15	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	262	16	to	to	ADP
futech-487	262	17	institutions	institution	NOUN
futech-487	262	18	wishing	wish	VERB
futech-487	262	19	to	to	PART
futech-487	262	20	improve	improve	VERB
futech-487	262	21	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	262	22	ability	ability	NOUN
futech-487	262	23	through	through	ADP
futech-487	262	24	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	262	25	innovation	innovation	NOUN
futech-487	262	26	without	without	ADP
futech-487	262	27	jeopardizing	jeopardize	VERB
futech-487	262	28	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
futech-487	262	29	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	262	30	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	262	31	considering	consider	VERB
futech-487	262	32	the	the	DET
futech-487	262	33	intricate	intricate	ADJ
futech-487	262	34	relationships	relationship	NOUN
futech-487	262	35	among	among	ADP
futech-487	262	36	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
futech-487	262	37	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	262	38	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	262	39	cultural	cultural	ADJ
futech-487	262	40	context	context	NOUN
futech-487	262	41	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	262	42	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	262	43	technological	technological	ADJ
futech-487	262	44	resources	resource	NOUN
futech-487	262	45	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	263	1	ethical	ethical	ADJ
futech-487	263	2	issue	issue	NOUN
futech-487	263	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	263	4	authors	author	NOUN
futech-487	263	5	are	be	AUX
futech-487	263	6	aware	aware	ADJ
futech-487	263	7	of	of	ADP
futech-487	263	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	263	9	comply	comply	ADJ
futech-487	263	10	with	with	ADP
futech-487	263	11	best	good	ADJ
futech-487	263	12	practices	practice	NOUN
futech-487	263	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	263	14	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	263	15	ethics	ethic	NOUN
futech-487	263	16	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	263	17	specifically	specifically	ADV
futech-487	263	18	with	with	ADP
futech-487	263	19	regard	regard	NOUN
futech-487	263	20	to	to	ADP
futech-487	263	21	authorship	authorship	NOUN
futech-487	263	22	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	263	23	avoidance	avoidance	NOUN
futech-487	263	24	of	of	ADP
futech-487	263	25	guest	guest	NOUN
futech-487	263	26	authorship	authorship	NOUN
futech-487	263	27	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	263	28	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	263	29	dual	dual	ADJ
futech-487	263	30	submission	submission	NOUN
futech-487	263	31	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	263	32	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
futech-487	263	33	of	of	ADP
futech-487	263	34	figures	figure	NOUN
futech-487	263	35	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	263	36	competing	compete	VERB
futech-487	263	37	interests	interest	NOUN
futech-487	263	38	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	263	39	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	263	40	compliance	compliance	NOUN
futech-487	263	41	with	with	ADP
futech-487	263	42	policies	policy	NOUN
futech-487	263	43	on	on	ADP
futech-487	263	44	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	263	45	ethics	ethic	NOUN
futech-487	263	46	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	264	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	264	2	authors	author	NOUN
futech-487	264	3	adhere	adhere	VERB
futech-487	264	4	to	to	ADP
futech-487	264	5	publication	publication	NOUN
futech-487	264	6	requirements	requirement	NOUN
futech-487	264	7	that	that	SCONJ
futech-487	264	8	the	the	DET
futech-487	264	9	submitted	submit	VERB
futech-487	264	10	work	work	NOUN
futech-487	264	11	is	be	AUX
futech-487	264	12	original	original	ADJ
futech-487	264	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	264	14	has	have	AUX
futech-487	264	15	not	not	PART
futech-487	264	16	been	be	AUX
futech-487	264	17	published	publish	VERB
futech-487	264	18	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV
futech-487	264	19	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	265	1	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	265	2	availability	availability	NOUN
futech-487	265	3	statement	statement	NOUN
futech-487	265	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	265	5	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
futech-487	265	6	contains	contain	VERB
futech-487	265	7	all	all	DET
futech-487	265	8	the	the	DET
futech-487	265	9	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	265	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	266	1	however	however	ADV
futech-487	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	266	3	more	more	ADJ
futech-487	266	4	data	datum	NOUN
futech-487	266	5	will	will	AUX
futech-487	266	6	be	be	AUX
futech-487	266	7	available	available	ADJ
futech-487	266	8	upon	upon	SCONJ
futech-487	266	9	request	request	NOUN
futech-487	266	10	from	from	ADP
futech-487	266	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	266	12	authors	author	NOUN
futech-487	266	13	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	267	1	conflict	conflict	NOUN
futech-487	267	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	267	3	interest	interest	NOUN
futech-487	267	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	267	5	authors	author	NOUN
futech-487	267	6	declare	declare	VERB
futech-487	267	7	no	no	DET
futech-487	267	8	potential	potential	ADJ
futech-487	267	9	conflict	conflict	NOUN
futech-487	267	10	of	of	ADP
futech-487	267	11	interest	interest	NOUN
futech-487	267	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	268	1	references	reference	NOUN
futech-487	268	2	[	[	X
futech-487	268	3	1	1	NUM
futech-487	268	4	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	268	5	xu	xu	PROPN
futech-487	268	6	b	b	PROPN
futech-487	268	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	268	8	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	268	9	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	269	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	269	2	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	269	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	269	4	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	269	5	intelligenceassisted	intelligenceassiste	VERB
futech-487	269	6	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	269	7	applications	application	NOUN
futech-487	269	8	on	on	ADP
futech-487	269	9	oral	oral	ADJ
futech-487	269	10	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	269	11	ability	ability	NOUN
futech-487	269	12	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	269	13	a	a	DET
futech-487	269	14	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	269	15	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	269	16	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	269	17	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	270	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	270	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	270	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	270	4	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	270	5	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	270	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	270	7	progressive	progressive	ADJ
futech-487	270	8	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	270	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	270	10	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	270	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	270	12	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	270	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	270	14	13(4	13(4	NUM
futech-487	270	15	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	270	16	1118	1118	NUM
futech-487	270	17	-	-	SYM
futech-487	270	18	1134	1134	NUM
futech-487	270	19	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	271	1	[	[	X
futech-487	271	2	2	2	X
futech-487	271	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	271	4	sim	sim	NOUN
futech-487	271	5	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	271	6	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	271	7	e	e	PROPN
futech-487	271	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	271	9	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	271	10	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	271	11	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	271	12	using	use	VERB
futech-487	271	13	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	271	14	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	271	15	in	in	ADP
futech-487	271	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	271	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	271	18	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	271	19	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	271	20	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	271	21	delving	delve	VERB
futech-487	271	22	into	into	ADP
futech-487	271	23	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	271	24	language	language	PROPN
futech-487	271	25	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	271	26	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	271	27	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	271	28	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	271	29	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	271	30	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	271	31	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	271	32	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	271	33	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	271	34	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	271	35	04	04	NUM
futech-487	272	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	272	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	272	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	273	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	273	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	273	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	273	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	273	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	273	6	238	238	NUM
futech-487	273	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	273	8	’	'	PUNCT
futech-487	273	9	perspectives[j	perspectives[j	PROPN
futech-487	273	10	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	273	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	274	1	creative	creative	ADJ
futech-487	274	2	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	274	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	274	4	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	274	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	274	6	14(10	14(10	NUM
futech-487	274	7	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	274	8	2021	2021	NUM
futech-487	274	9	-	-	SYM
futech-487	274	10	2036	2036	NUM
futech-487	274	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	275	1	[	[	X
futech-487	275	2	3	3	NUM
futech-487	275	3	]	]	X
futech-487	275	4	walter	walter	PROPN
futech-487	275	5	y.	y.	PROPN
futech-487	275	6	embracing	embrace	VERB
futech-487	275	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	275	8	future	future	NOUN
futech-487	275	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	275	10	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	275	11	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	275	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	275	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	275	14	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	275	15	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	275	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	275	17	relevance	relevance	NOUN
futech-487	275	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	275	19	ai	ai	PRON
futech-487	275	20	literacy	literacy	NOUN
futech-487	275	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	275	22	prompt	prompt	ADJ
futech-487	275	23	engineering	engineering	NOUN
futech-487	275	24	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	275	25	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	275	26	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	275	27	thinking	thinking	NOUN
futech-487	275	28	in	in	ADP
futech-487	275	29	modern	modern	ADJ
futech-487	275	30	education[j	education[j	PROPN
futech-487	275	31	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	275	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	276	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	276	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	276	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	276	4	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	276	5	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	276	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	276	7	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	276	8	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	276	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	276	10	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	276	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	276	12	21(1	21(1	NUM
futech-487	276	13	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	276	14	15	15	NUM
futech-487	276	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	277	1	[	[	X
futech-487	277	2	4	4	NUM
futech-487	277	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	277	4	wei	wei	PROPN
futech-487	277	5	l.	l.	PROPN
futech-487	277	6	artificial	artificial	PROPN
futech-487	277	7	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	277	8	in	in	ADP
futech-487	277	9	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	277	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	277	11	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	277	12	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	277	13	on	on	ADP
futech-487	277	14	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	277	15	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	277	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
futech-487	277	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	277	18	l2	l2	NOUN
futech-487	277	19	motivation	motivation	NOUN
futech-487	277	20	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	277	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	277	22	self	self	NOUN
futech-487	277	23	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	277	24	regulated	regulate	VERB
futech-487	277	25	learning[j	learning[j	NOUN
futech-487	277	26	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	277	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	278	1	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
futech-487	278	2	in	in	ADP
futech-487	278	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
futech-487	278	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	278	5	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	278	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	278	7	14	14	NUM
futech-487	278	8	:	:	SYM
futech-487	278	9	1261955	1261955	NUM
futech-487	278	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	279	1	[	[	X
futech-487	279	2	5	5	X
futech-487	279	3	]	]	X
futech-487	279	4	huang	huang	PROPN
futech-487	279	5	x	x	PROPN
futech-487	279	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	279	7	wu	wu	PROPN
futech-487	279	8	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	279	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	279	10	dou	dou	PROPN
futech-487	279	11	a.	a.	NOUN
futech-487	279	12	ai	ai	PROPN
futech-487	279	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	279	14	enhanced	enhance	VERB
futech-487	279	15	task	task	NOUN
futech-487	279	16	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	279	17	based	base	VERB
futech-487	279	18	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	279	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	279	20	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	279	21	fostering	foster	VERB
futech-487	279	22	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	279	23	college	college	NOUN
futech-487	279	24	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	279	25	learning[j	learning[j	PROPN
futech-487	279	26	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	279	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	280	1	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
futech-487	280	2	in	in	ADP
futech-487	280	3	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	280	4	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	280	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	280	6	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	280	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	280	8	7(10	7(10	NUM
futech-487	280	9	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	280	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	281	1	[	[	X
futech-487	281	2	6	6	NUM
futech-487	281	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	281	4	alhusaiyan	alhusaiyan	PROPN
futech-487	281	5	e.	e.	PROPN
futech-487	281	6	a	a	DET
futech-487	281	7	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	281	8	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	281	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	281	10	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	281	11	trends	trend	NOUN
futech-487	281	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	281	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	281	14	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	281	15	in	in	ADP
futech-487	281	16	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	281	17	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	281	18	learning[j	learning[j	NOUN
futech-487	281	19	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	281	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	282	1	saudi	saudi	ADJ
futech-487	282	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	282	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	282	4	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	282	5	studies	study	NOUN
futech-487	282	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	282	7	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	282	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	282	9	5(1	5(1	NUM
futech-487	282	10	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	282	11	1	1	NUM
futech-487	282	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	282	13	16	16	NUM
futech-487	282	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	283	1	[	[	X
futech-487	283	2	7	7	X
futech-487	283	3	]	]	X
futech-487	283	4	huang	huang	PROPN
futech-487	283	5	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	283	6	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	283	7	t	t	PROPN
futech-487	283	8	d.	d.	NOUN
futech-487	283	9	investigating	investigate	VERB
futech-487	283	10	the	the	DET
futech-487	283	11	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	283	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	283	13	reverse	reverse	ADJ
futech-487	283	14	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	283	15	tasks	task	NOUN
futech-487	283	16	on	on	ADP
futech-487	283	17	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	283	18	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	283	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	283	20	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	283	21	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	283	22	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	283	23	motivation[j	motivation[j	PROPN
futech-487	283	24	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	283	25	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	284	1	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	284	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	284	3	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	284	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	284	5	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	284	6	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	284	7	13621688241283153	13621688241283153	NUM
futech-487	284	8	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	285	1	[	[	X
futech-487	285	2	8	8	NUM
futech-487	285	3	]	]	X
futech-487	285	4	javier	javier	NOUN
futech-487	285	5	d	d	PROPN
futech-487	285	6	r	r	NOUN
futech-487	285	7	c	c	NOUN
futech-487	285	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	285	9	moorhouse	moorhouse	PROPN
futech-487	285	10	b	b	PROPN
futech-487	285	11	l.	l.	NOUN
futech-487	285	12	developing	develop	VERB
futech-487	285	13	secondary	secondary	ADJ
futech-487	285	14	school	school	NOUN
futech-487	285	15	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	285	16	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	285	17	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	285	18	'	'	PART
futech-487	285	19	productive	productive	ADJ
futech-487	285	20	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	285	21	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	285	22	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	285	23	of	of	ADP
futech-487	285	24	chatgpt[j	chatgpt[j	NOUN
futech-487	285	25	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	285	26	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	286	1	tesol	tesol	PROPN
futech-487	286	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	286	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	286	4	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	286	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	286	6	15(2	15(2	NUM
futech-487	286	7	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	286	8	e755	e755	ADJ
futech-487	286	9	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	287	1	[	[	X
futech-487	287	2	9	9	NUM
futech-487	287	3	]	]	X
futech-487	287	4	wang	wang	PROPN
futech-487	287	5	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	287	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	287	7	luo	luo	PROPN
futech-487	287	8	w	w	PROPN
futech-487	287	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	287	10	liao	liao	PROPN
futech-487	287	11	x	x	PROPN
futech-487	287	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	287	13	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	287	14	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	287	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	287	16	exploring	explore	VERB
futech-487	287	17	the	the	DET
futech-487	287	18	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	287	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	287	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	287	21	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
futech-487	287	22	support	support	NOUN
futech-487	287	23	on	on	ADP
futech-487	287	24	chinese	chinese	ADJ
futech-487	287	25	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	287	26	undergraduates	undergraduate	NOUN
futech-487	287	27	’	'	PUNCT
futech-487	287	28	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	287	29	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	287	30	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	287	31	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	287	32	through	through	ADP
futech-487	287	33	the	the	DET
futech-487	287	34	mediation	mediation	NOUN
futech-487	287	35	of	of	ADP
futech-487	287	36	basic	basic	ADJ
futech-487	287	37	psychological	psychological	ADJ
futech-487	287	38	needs	need	NOUN
futech-487	287	39	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	287	40	classroom	classroom	VERB
futech-487	287	41	engagement[j	engagement[j	PRON
futech-487	287	42	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	287	43	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	288	1	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
futech-487	288	2	in	in	ADP
futech-487	288	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
futech-487	288	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	288	5	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	288	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	288	7	15	15	NUM
futech-487	288	8	:	:	SYM
futech-487	288	9	1323713	1323713	NUM
futech-487	288	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	289	1	[	[	X
futech-487	289	2	10	10	NUM
futech-487	289	3	]	]	X
futech-487	289	4	bayly	bayly	PROPN
futech-487	289	5	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	289	6	castaneda	castaneda	PROPN
futech-487	289	7	k	k	PROPN
futech-487	289	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	289	9	ramirez	ramirez	PROPN
futech-487	289	10	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	289	11	montoya	montoya	PROPN
futech-487	289	12	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	289	13	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	289	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	289	15	moritaalexander	moritaalexander	NOUN
futech-487	289	16	a.	a.	NOUN
futech-487	289	17	crafting	craft	VERB
futech-487	289	18	personalized	personalize	VERB
futech-487	289	19	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	289	20	paths	path	NOUN
futech-487	289	21	with	with	ADP
futech-487	289	22	ai	ai	VERB
futech-487	289	23	for	for	ADP
futech-487	289	24	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
futech-487	289	25	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	289	26	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	289	27	a	a	DET
futech-487	289	28	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	289	29	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	289	30	review[c	review[c	NOUN
futech-487	289	31	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	289	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	290	1	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
futech-487	290	2	in	in	ADP
futech-487	290	3	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	290	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	290	5	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	290	6	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	290	7	1424386	1424386	NUM
futech-487	290	8	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	291	1	[	[	X
futech-487	291	2	11	11	NUM
futech-487	291	3	]	]	X
futech-487	291	4	kohnke	kohnke	PROPN
futech-487	291	5	l	l	PROPN
futech-487	291	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	291	7	moorhouse	moorhouse	PROPN
futech-487	291	8	b	b	PROPN
futech-487	291	9	l	l	NOUN
futech-487	291	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	291	11	zou	zou	PROPN
futech-487	291	12	d.	d.	PROPN
futech-487	291	13	chatgpt	chatgpt	PROPN
futech-487	291	14	for	for	ADP
futech-487	291	15	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	291	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	291	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	291	18	learning[j	learning[j	NOUN
futech-487	291	19	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	291	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	292	1	relc	relc	PROPN
futech-487	292	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	292	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	292	4	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	292	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	292	6	54(2	54(2	NUM
futech-487	292	7	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	292	8	537	537	NUM
futech-487	292	9	-	-	SYM
futech-487	292	10	550	550	NUM
futech-487	292	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	293	1	[	[	X
futech-487	293	2	12	12	NUM
futech-487	293	3	]	]	X
futech-487	293	4	peng	peng	PROPN
futech-487	293	5	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	293	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	293	7	ma	ma	PROPN
futech-487	293	8	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	293	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	293	10	spector	spector	PROPN
futech-487	293	11	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	293	12	m.	m.	PROPN
futech-487	293	13	personalized	personalize	VERB
futech-487	293	14	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	293	15	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	293	16	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	293	17	an	an	DET
futech-487	293	18	emerging	emerge	VERB
futech-487	293	19	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	293	20	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	293	21	enabled	enable	VERB
futech-487	293	22	by	by	ADP
futech-487	293	23	a	a	DET
futech-487	293	24	smart	smart	ADJ
futech-487	293	25	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	293	26	environment[j	environment[j	PRON
futech-487	293	27	]	]	X
futech-487	293	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	294	1	smart	smart	ADJ
futech-487	294	2	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	294	3	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	294	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	294	5	2019	2019	NUM
futech-487	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	294	7	6(1	6(1	NUM
futech-487	294	8	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	294	9	1	1	NUM
futech-487	294	10	-	-	SYM
futech-487	294	11	14	14	NUM
futech-487	294	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	295	1	[	[	X
futech-487	295	2	13	13	NUM
futech-487	295	3	]	]	X
futech-487	295	4	contrino	contrino	NOUN
futech-487	295	5	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	295	6	f	f	NOUN
futech-487	295	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	295	8	reyes	reyes	NOUN
futech-487	295	9	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	295	10	millán	millán	NOUN
futech-487	295	11	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	295	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	295	13	vázquez	vázquez	PROPN
futech-487	295	14	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	295	15	villegas	villegas	PROPN
futech-487	295	16	p	p	PROPN
futech-487	295	17	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	295	18	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	295	19	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	295	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	296	1	using	use	VERB
futech-487	296	2	an	an	DET
futech-487	296	3	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	296	4	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	296	5	tool	tool	NOUN
futech-487	296	6	to	to	PART
futech-487	296	7	improve	improve	VERB
futech-487	296	8	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	296	9	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	296	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	296	11	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
futech-487	296	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	296	13	online	online	ADJ
futech-487	296	14	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	296	15	face	face	NOUN
futech-487	296	16	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	296	17	toface	toface	NOUN
futech-487	296	18	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	296	19	for	for	ADP
futech-487	296	20	a	a	DET
futech-487	296	21	more	more	ADV
futech-487	296	22	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	296	23	approach[j	approach[j	NOUN
futech-487	296	24	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	296	25	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	297	1	smart	smart	ADJ
futech-487	297	2	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	297	3	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	297	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	297	5	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	297	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	297	7	11(1	11(1	NUM
futech-487	297	8	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	297	9	6	6	NUM
futech-487	297	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	298	1	[	[	X
futech-487	298	2	14	14	NUM
futech-487	298	3	]	]	X
futech-487	298	4	crompton	crompton	PROPN
futech-487	298	5	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	298	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	298	7	edmett	edmett	PROPN
futech-487	298	8	a	a	PRON
futech-487	298	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	298	10	ichaporia	ichaporia	PROPN
futech-487	298	11	n	n	CCONJ
futech-487	298	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	298	13	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	298	14	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	298	15	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	298	16	ai	ai	PROPN
futech-487	298	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	298	18	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	298	19	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	298	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	298	21	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	298	22	affordances	affordance	NOUN
futech-487	298	23	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	298	24	challenges[j	challenges[j	NOUN
futech-487	298	25	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	298	26	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	299	1	british	british	ADJ
futech-487	299	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	299	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	299	4	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	299	5	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	299	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	299	7	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	299	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	299	9	55(6	55(6	NUM
futech-487	299	10	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	299	11	2503	2503	NUM
futech-487	299	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	299	13	2529	2529	NUM
futech-487	299	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	300	1	[	[	X
futech-487	300	2	15	15	NUM
futech-487	300	3	]	]	X
futech-487	300	4	mejeh	mejeh	PROPN
futech-487	300	5	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	300	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	300	7	rehm	rehm	PROPN
futech-487	300	8	m.	m.	NOUN
futech-487	300	9	taking	take	VERB
futech-487	300	10	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
futech-487	300	11	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	300	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	300	13	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	300	14	settings	setting	NOUN
futech-487	300	15	to	to	ADP
futech-487	300	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	300	17	next	next	ADJ
futech-487	300	18	level	level	NOUN
futech-487	300	19	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	300	20	leveraging	leverage	VERB
futech-487	300	21	natural	natural	ADJ
futech-487	300	22	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	300	23	processing	processing	NOUN
futech-487	300	24	for	for	ADP
futech-487	300	25	improved	improved	ADJ
futech-487	300	26	personalization[j	personalization[j	NOUN
futech-487	300	27	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	300	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	301	1	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	301	2	technology	technology	NOUN
futech-487	301	3	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	301	4	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	301	5	development	development	NOUN
futech-487	301	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	301	7	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	301	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	301	9	72(3	72(3	NUM
futech-487	301	10	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	301	11	1597	1597	NUM
futech-487	301	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	301	13	1621	1621	NUM
futech-487	301	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	302	1	[	[	X
futech-487	302	2	16	16	NUM
futech-487	302	3	]	]	X
futech-487	302	4	rajan	rajan	PROPN
futech-487	302	5	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	302	6	t	t	PROPN
futech-487	302	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	302	8	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	302	9	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	302	10	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	302	11	tiktok	tiktok	PROPN
futech-487	302	12	use	use	NOUN
futech-487	302	13	as	as	ADP
futech-487	302	14	strategy	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	302	15	to	to	PART
futech-487	302	16	improve	improve	VERB
futech-487	302	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
futech-487	302	18	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	302	19	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	302	20	build	build	VERB
futech-487	302	21	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	302	22	to	to	PART
futech-487	302	23	learn	learn	VERB
futech-487	302	24	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	302	25	in	in	ADP
futech-487	302	26	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	302	27	classrooms[j	classrooms[j	PROPN
futech-487	302	28	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	302	29	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	303	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	303	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	303	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	303	4	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	303	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	303	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	303	7	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	303	8	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	303	9	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	303	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	303	11	2022	2022	NUM
futech-487	303	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	303	13	21(11	21(11	NUM
futech-487	303	14	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	303	15	33	33	NUM
futech-487	303	16	-	-	SYM
futech-487	303	17	53	53	NUM
futech-487	303	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	304	1	[	[	X
futech-487	304	2	17	17	NUM
futech-487	304	3	]	]	X
futech-487	304	4	du	du	PROPN
futech-487	304	5	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	304	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	304	7	daniel	daniel	PROPN
futech-487	304	8	b	b	PROPN
futech-487	304	9	k.	k.	NOUN
futech-487	304	10	transforming	transform	VERB
futech-487	304	11	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	304	12	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	304	13	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	304	14	a	a	DET
futech-487	304	15	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	304	16	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	304	17	of	of	ADP
futech-487	304	18	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	304	19	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	304	20	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	304	21	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	304	22	for	for	ADP
futech-487	304	23	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	304	24	as	as	ADP
futech-487	304	25	a	a	DET
futech-487	304	26	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	304	27	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	304	28	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	304	29	practice[j	practice[j	PROPN
futech-487	304	30	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	304	31	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	305	1	computers	computer	NOUN
futech-487	305	2	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	305	3	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	305	4	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	305	5	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	305	6	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	305	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	305	8	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	305	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	305	10	6	6	NUM
futech-487	305	11	:	:	SYM
futech-487	305	12	100230	100230	NUM
futech-487	305	13	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	306	1	[	[	X
futech-487	306	2	18	18	NUM
futech-487	306	3	]	]	X
futech-487	306	4	li	li	PROPN
futech-487	306	5	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	306	6	a	a	DET
futech-487	306	7	comparative	comparative	ADJ
futech-487	306	8	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	306	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	306	10	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	306	11	intelligenceenabled	intelligenceenable	VERB
futech-487	306	12	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	306	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	306	14	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	306	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	306	16	in	in	ADP
futech-487	306	17	universities	university	NOUN
futech-487	306	18	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	306	19	taking	take	VERB
futech-487	306	20	chatgpt-4o	chatgpt-4o	ADV
futech-487	306	21	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	306	22	claude3	claude3	NOUN
futech-487	306	23	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	307	1	5	5	NUM
futech-487	307	2	sonnet	sonnet	NOUN
futech-487	307	3	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	307	4	ernie	ernie	PROPN
futech-487	307	5	4.0	4.0	NUM
futech-487	307	6	turbo	turbo	NOUN
futech-487	307	7	as	as	ADP
futech-487	307	8	examples[c	examples[c	PROPN
futech-487	307	9	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	307	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	308	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
futech-487	308	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	308	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	308	4	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	308	5	2nd	2nd	ADJ
futech-487	308	6	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	308	7	conference	conference	NOUN
futech-487	308	8	on	on	ADP
futech-487	308	9	information	information	NOUN
futech-487	308	10	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	308	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	308	12	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	308	13	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	308	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	308	15	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	308	16	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	308	17	10	10	NUM
futech-487	308	18	-	-	SYM
futech-487	308	19	15	15	NUM
futech-487	308	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	309	1	[	[	X
futech-487	309	2	19	19	NUM
futech-487	309	3	]	]	X
futech-487	309	4	mohebbi	mohebbi	NOUN
futech-487	309	5	a.	a.	NOUN
futech-487	309	6	enabling	enable	VERB
futech-487	309	7	learner	learner	NOUN
futech-487	309	8	independence	independence	NOUN
futech-487	309	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	309	10	selfregulation	selfregulation	NOUN
futech-487	309	11	in	in	ADP
futech-487	309	12	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	309	13	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	309	14	using	use	VERB
futech-487	309	15	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	309	16	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	309	17	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	309	18	a	a	DET
futech-487	309	19	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	309	20	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	309	21	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	309	22	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	310	1	cogent	cogent	ADJ
futech-487	310	2	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	310	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	310	4	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	310	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	310	6	12(1	12(1	NUM
futech-487	310	7	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	310	8	2433814	2433814	NUM
futech-487	310	9	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	311	1	[	[	X
futech-487	311	2	20	20	NUM
futech-487	311	3	]	]	SYM
futech-487	311	4	li	li	PROPN
futech-487	311	5	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	311	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	311	7	zhou	zhou	PROPN
futech-487	311	8	x	x	PROPN
futech-487	311	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	311	10	yin	yin	PROPN
futech-487	311	11	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	311	12	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	311	13	b	b	PROPN
futech-487	311	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	311	15	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	311	16	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	311	17	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	312	1	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	312	2	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	312	3	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	312	4	with	with	ADP
futech-487	312	5	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	312	6	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	312	7	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	312	8	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	312	9	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	312	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
futech-487	312	11	based	base	VERB
futech-487	312	12	on	on	ADP
futech-487	312	13	activity	activity	NOUN
futech-487	312	14	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	312	15	from	from	ADP
futech-487	312	16	a	a	DET
futech-487	312	17	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	312	18	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	312	19	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	312	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	313	1	smart	smart	ADJ
futech-487	313	2	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	313	3	environments	environment	NOUN
futech-487	313	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	313	5	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	313	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	313	7	12(1	12(1	NUM
futech-487	313	8	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	313	9	24	24	NUM
futech-487	313	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	314	1	[	[	X
futech-487	314	2	21	21	NUM
futech-487	314	3	]	]	X
futech-487	314	4	wang	wang	PROPN
futech-487	314	5	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	314	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	314	7	wu	wu	PROPN
futech-487	314	8	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	314	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	314	10	chen	chen	PROPN
futech-487	314	11	f	f	PROPN
futech-487	314	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	314	13	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	314	14	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	314	15	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	314	16	empirical	empirical	ADJ
futech-487	314	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
futech-487	314	18	of	of	ADP
futech-487	314	19	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	314	20	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	314	21	powered	power	VERB
futech-487	314	22	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	314	23	for	for	ADP
futech-487	314	24	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
futech-487	314	25	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
futech-487	314	26	in	in	ADP
futech-487	314	27	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	314	28	instruction[j	instruction[j	PROPN
futech-487	314	29	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	314	30	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	315	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
futech-487	315	2	access	access	NOUN
futech-487	315	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	315	4	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	315	5	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	316	1	[	[	X
futech-487	316	2	22	22	NUM
futech-487	316	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	316	4	ellikkal	ellikkal	NOUN
futech-487	316	5	a	a	X
futech-487	316	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	316	7	rajamohan	rajamohan	PROPN
futech-487	316	8	s.	s.	PROPN
futech-487	316	9	ai	ai	AUX
futech-487	316	10	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	316	11	enabled	enable	VERB
futech-487	316	12	personalized	personalized	ADJ
futech-487	316	13	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	316	14	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	316	15	empowering	empower	VERB
futech-487	316	16	management	management	NOUN
futech-487	316	17	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	316	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	316	19	improving	improve	VERB
futech-487	316	20	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	316	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	316	22	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	316	23	performance[j	performance[j	NOUN
futech-487	316	24	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	316	25	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	317	1	vilakshan	vilakshan	PROPN
futech-487	317	2	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	317	3	ximb	ximb	PROPN
futech-487	317	4	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	317	5	of	of	ADP
futech-487	317	6	management	management	NOUN
futech-487	317	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	317	8	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	317	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	317	10	22(1	22(1	NUM
futech-487	317	11	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	317	12	28	28	NUM
futech-487	317	13	-	-	SYM
futech-487	317	14	44	44	NUM
futech-487	317	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	318	1	[	[	X
futech-487	318	2	23	23	NUM
futech-487	318	3	]	]	X
futech-487	318	4	wang	wang	PROPN
futech-487	318	5	x	x	PROPN
futech-487	318	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	318	7	lee	lee	PROPN
futech-487	318	8	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	318	9	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	318	10	m.	m.	NOUN
futech-487	318	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	318	12	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	318	13	of	of	ADP
futech-487	318	14	video	video	NOUN
futech-487	318	15	dubbing	dub	VERB
futech-487	318	16	app	app	NOUN
futech-487	318	17	on	on	ADP
futech-487	318	18	chinese	chinese	PROPN
futech-487	318	19	college	college	NOUN
futech-487	318	20	students	student	NOUN
futech-487	318	21	’	’	PART
futech-487	318	22	oral	oral	ADJ
futech-487	318	23	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	318	24	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	318	25	across	across	ADP
futech-487	318	26	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	318	27	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	318	28	levels[j	levels[j	NOUN
futech-487	318	29	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	318	30	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	319	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	319	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	319	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	319	4	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	319	5	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	319	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	319	7	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	319	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	319	9	130	130	NUM
futech-487	319	10	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	319	11	102521	102521	NUM
futech-487	319	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	320	1	[	[	X
futech-487	320	2	24	24	NUM
futech-487	320	3	]	]	X
futech-487	320	4	li	li	PROPN
futech-487	320	5	t	t	PROPN
futech-487	320	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	320	7	ji	ji	PROPN
futech-487	320	8	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	320	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	320	10	zhan	zhan	PROPN
futech-487	320	11	z.	z.	PROPN
futech-487	320	12	expert	expert	NOUN
futech-487	320	13	or	or	CCONJ
futech-487	320	14	machine	machine	NOUN
futech-487	320	15	?	?	PUNCT
futech-487	321	1	comparing	compare	VERB
futech-487	321	2	the	the	DET
futech-487	321	3	effect	effect	NOUN
futech-487	321	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	321	5	pairing	pair	VERB
futech-487	321	6	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	321	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	321	8	with	with	ADP
futech-487	321	9	in	in	ADP
futech-487	321	10	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	321	11	service	service	NOUN
futech-487	321	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	321	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	321	14	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
futech-487	321	15	on	on	ADP
futech-487	321	16	their	their	PRON
futech-487	321	17	critical	critical	ADJ
futech-487	321	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
futech-487	321	19	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	321	20	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	321	21	performance	performance	NOUN
futech-487	321	22	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	321	23	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	321	24	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
futech-487	321	25	load	load	NOUN
futech-487	321	26	in	in	ADP
futech-487	321	27	an	an	DET
futech-487	321	28	integrated	integrate	VERB
futech-487	321	29	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	321	30	stem	stem	NOUN
futech-487	321	31	course[j	course[j	NOUN
futech-487	321	32	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	321	33	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	322	1	asia	asia	PROPN
futech-487	322	2	pacific	pacific	PROPN
futech-487	322	3	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	322	4	of	of	ADP
futech-487	322	5	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	322	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	322	7	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	322	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	322	9	44(1	44(1	PROPN
futech-487	322	10	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	322	11	45	45	NUM
futech-487	322	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	322	13	60	60	NUM
futech-487	322	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	323	1	[	[	X
futech-487	323	2	25	25	NUM
futech-487	323	3	]	]	X
futech-487	323	4	leong	leong	PROPN
futech-487	323	5	l	l	PROPN
futech-487	323	6	v	v	PROPN
futech-487	323	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	323	8	yunus	yunus	PROPN
futech-487	323	9	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	323	10	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	323	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	323	12	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	323	13	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	323	14	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	323	15	integration	integration	NOUN
futech-487	323	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	323	17	techno	techno	NOUN
futech-487	323	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	323	19	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
futech-487	323	20	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	323	21	in	in	ADP
futech-487	323	22	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	323	23	as	as	ADP
futech-487	323	24	a	a	DET
futech-487	323	25	second	second	ADJ
futech-487	323	26	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	323	27	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	323	28	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	323	29	a	a	DET
futech-487	323	30	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	323	31	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	323	32	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	323	33	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	324	1	int	int	PROPN
futech-487	325	1	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	325	2	eval	eval	PROPN
futech-487	325	3	&	&	CCONJ
futech-487	325	4	res	res	PROPN
futech-487	325	5	educ	educ	PROPN
futech-487	325	6	issn	issn	PROPN
futech-487	325	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	325	8	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	325	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	325	10	2252(8822	2252(8822	NUM
futech-487	325	11	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	325	12	4395	4395	NUM
futech-487	325	13	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	326	1	[	[	X
futech-487	326	2	26	26	NUM
futech-487	326	3	]	]	X
futech-487	326	4	sun	sun	PROPN
futech-487	326	5	l	l	PROPN
futech-487	326	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	326	7	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	326	8	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	326	9	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	326	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	326	11	aziz	aziz	PROPN
futech-487	326	12	a	a	DET
futech-487	326	13	a.	a.	NOUN
futech-487	326	14	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	326	15	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	326	16	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	326	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	326	18	using	use	VERB
futech-487	326	19	production	production	NOUN
futech-487	326	20	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	326	21	oriented	orient	VERB
futech-487	326	22	approach	approach	NOUN
futech-487	326	23	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	326	24	a	a	DET
futech-487	326	25	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	326	26	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	326	27	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	326	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	327	1	world	world	PROPN
futech-487	327	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	327	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	327	4	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	327	5	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	327	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	327	7	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	327	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	327	9	14(4	14(4	NUM
futech-487	327	10	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	327	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	328	1	[	[	X
futech-487	328	2	27	27	NUM
futech-487	328	3	]	]	X
futech-487	328	4	senthil	senthil	PROPN
futech-487	328	5	r	r	PROPN
futech-487	328	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	328	7	anand	anand	PROPN
futech-487	328	8	t	t	PROPN
futech-487	328	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	328	10	somala	somala	PROPN
futech-487	328	11	c	c	PROPN
futech-487	328	12	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	328	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	328	14	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	328	15	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	328	16	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	329	1	bibliometric	bibliometric	ADJ
futech-487	329	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	329	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	329	4	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	329	5	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	329	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	329	7	healthcare	healthcare	PROPN
futech-487	329	8	research	research	PROPN
futech-487	329	9	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	329	10	trends	trend	NOUN
futech-487	329	11	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	329	12	future	future	ADJ
futech-487	329	13	directions[j	directions[j	PROPN
futech-487	329	14	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	329	15	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	330	1	future	future	ADJ
futech-487	330	2	healthcare	healthcare	PROPN
futech-487	330	3	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	330	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	330	5	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	330	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	330	7	11(3	11(3	NUM
futech-487	330	8	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	330	9	100182	100182	NUM
futech-487	330	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	331	1	[	[	X
futech-487	331	2	28	28	NUM
futech-487	331	3	]	]	X
futech-487	331	4	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	331	5	j.	j.	PROPN
futech-487	331	6	advancing	advance	VERB
futech-487	331	7	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	331	8	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	331	9	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	331	10	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	331	11	a	a	DET
futech-487	331	12	mixed	mix	VERB
futech-487	331	13	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	331	14	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	331	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
futech-487	331	16	of	of	ADP
futech-487	331	17	ai	ai	ADJ
futech-487	331	18	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	331	19	driven	drive	VERB
futech-487	331	20	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	331	21	'	'	PART
futech-487	331	22	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	331	23	on	on	ADP
futech-487	331	24	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	331	25	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	331	26	personalization	personalization	NOUN
futech-487	331	27	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	331	28	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	331	29	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	331	30	outcomes[j	outcomes[j	PROPN
futech-487	331	31	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	331	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	332	1	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	332	2	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	332	3	information	information	NOUN
futech-487	332	4	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	332	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	332	6	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	332	7	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	332	8	1	1	NUM
futech-487	332	9	-	-	SYM
futech-487	332	10	41	41	NUM
futech-487	332	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	333	1	[	[	X
futech-487	333	2	29	29	NUM
futech-487	333	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	333	4	schünemann	schünemann	PROPN
futech-487	333	5	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	333	6	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	333	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	333	8	mustafa	mustafa	PROPN
futech-487	333	9	r	r	PROPN
futech-487	333	10	a	a	PROPN
futech-487	333	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	333	12	brozek	brozek	PROPN
futech-487	333	13	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	333	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	333	15	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	333	16	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	333	17	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	334	1	grade	grade	NOUN
futech-487	334	2	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
futech-487	334	3	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	334	4	21	21	NUM
futech-487	334	5	part	part	NOUN
futech-487	334	6	1	1	NUM
futech-487	334	7	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	334	8	study	study	NOUN
futech-487	334	9	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	334	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	334	11	risk	risk	NOUN
futech-487	334	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	334	13	bias	bias	NOUN
futech-487	334	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	334	15	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	334	16	indirectness	indirectness	ADJ
futech-487	334	17	in	in	ADP
futech-487	334	18	rating	rate	VERB
futech-487	334	19	the	the	DET
futech-487	334	20	certainty	certainty	NOUN
futech-487	334	21	across	across	ADP
futech-487	334	22	a	a	DET
futech-487	334	23	body	body	NOUN
futech-487	334	24	of	of	ADP
futech-487	334	25	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	334	26	zhao	zhao	PROPN
futech-487	334	27	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	334	28	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	334	29	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	334	30	/future	/future	PUNCT
futech-487	334	31	technology	technology	PROPN
futech-487	334	32	november	november	PROPN
futech-487	334	33	2025|	2025|	NUM
futech-487	334	34	volume	volume	NOUN
futech-487	334	35	04	04	NUM
futech-487	335	1	|	|	ADV
futech-487	335	2	issue	issue	VERB
futech-487	335	3	04	04	NUM
futech-487	336	1	|	|	CCONJ
futech-487	336	2	pages	page	NOUN
futech-487	336	3	228	228	NUM
futech-487	336	4	-	-	SYM
futech-487	336	5	239	239	NUM
futech-487	336	6	239	239	NUM
futech-487	336	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
futech-487	336	8	for	for	ADP
futech-487	336	9	test	test	NOUN
futech-487	336	10	accuracy[j	accuracy[j	NOUN
futech-487	336	11	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	336	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	337	1	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	337	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	337	3	clinical	clinical	ADJ
futech-487	337	4	epidemiology	epidemiology	NOUN
futech-487	337	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	337	6	2020	2020	NUM
futech-487	337	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	337	8	122	122	NUM
futech-487	337	9	:	:	SYM
futech-487	337	10	129	129	NUM
futech-487	337	11	-	-	SYM
futech-487	337	12	141	141	NUM
futech-487	337	13	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	338	1	[	[	X
futech-487	338	2	30	30	NUM
futech-487	338	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	338	4	chandler	chandler	PROPN
futech-487	338	5	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	338	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	338	7	cumpston	cumpston	PROPN
futech-487	338	8	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	338	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	338	10	li	li	PROPN
futech-487	338	11	t	t	PROPN
futech-487	338	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	338	13	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	338	14	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	338	15	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	338	16	cochrane	cochrane	PROPN
futech-487	338	17	handbook	handbook	NOUN
futech-487	338	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	338	19	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	338	20	reviews	review	NOUN
futech-487	338	21	of	of	ADP
futech-487	338	22	interventions[j	interventions[j	NOUN
futech-487	338	23	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	338	24	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	339	1	hoboken	hoboken	PROPN
futech-487	339	2	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	339	3	wiley	wiley	PROPN
futech-487	339	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	339	5	2019	2019	NUM
futech-487	339	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	339	7	4(1002	4(1002	NUM
futech-487	339	8	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	339	9	14651858	14651858	NUM
futech-487	339	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	340	1	[	[	X
futech-487	340	2	31	31	NUM
futech-487	340	3	]	]	X
futech-487	340	4	yoong	yoong	PROPN
futech-487	340	5	w	w	PROPN
futech-487	340	6	f	f	PROPN
futech-487	340	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	340	8	hashim	hashim	PROPN
futech-487	340	9	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	341	1	a	a	DET
futech-487	341	2	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	341	3	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	341	4	on	on	ADP
futech-487	341	5	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	341	6	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	341	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
futech-487	341	8	for	for	ADP
futech-487	341	9	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	341	10	speaking	speaking	NOUN
futech-487	341	11	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	341	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	341	13	today	today	NOUN
futech-487	341	14	’s	’s	PART
futech-487	341	15	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	341	16	conditions[j	conditions[j	PROPN
futech-487	341	17	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	341	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	342	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	342	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	342	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	342	4	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	342	5	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	342	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	342	7	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	342	8	&	&	CCONJ
futech-487	342	9	social	social	ADJ
futech-487	342	10	sciences	science	NOUN
futech-487	342	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	343	1	https://doi	https://doi	X
futech-487	343	2	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	343	3	org/10.6007	org/10.6007	NOUN
futech-487	343	4	/	/	SYM
futech-487	343	5	ijarbss	ijarbss	NOUN
futech-487	343	6	/	/	SYM
futech-487	343	7	v13i12/19727	v13i12/19727	NUM
futech-487	343	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	343	9	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	343	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	344	1	[	[	X
futech-487	344	2	32	32	NUM
futech-487	344	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	344	4	thomas	thomas	PROPN
futech-487	344	5	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	344	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	344	7	harden	harden	NOUN
futech-487	344	8	a.	a.	NOUN
futech-487	344	9	methods	method	NOUN
futech-487	344	10	for	for	ADP
futech-487	344	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	344	12	thematic	thematic	ADJ
futech-487	344	13	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
futech-487	344	14	of	of	ADP
futech-487	344	15	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
futech-487	344	16	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	344	17	in	in	ADP
futech-487	344	18	systematic	systematic	PROPN
futech-487	344	19	reviews[j	reviews[j	PROPN
futech-487	344	20	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	344	21	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	345	1	bmc	bmc	PROPN
futech-487	345	2	medical	medical	ADJ
futech-487	345	3	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	345	4	methodology	methodology	NOUN
futech-487	345	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	345	6	2008	2008	NUM
futech-487	345	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	345	8	8(1	8(1	NOUN
futech-487	345	9	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	345	10	45	45	NUM
futech-487	345	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	346	1	[	[	X
futech-487	346	2	33	33	NUM
futech-487	346	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	346	4	chandrasehgaran	chandrasehgaran	PROPN
futech-487	346	5	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	346	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	346	7	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	346	8	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	347	1	the	the	DET
futech-487	347	2	impacts	impact	NOUN
futech-487	347	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	347	4	gamification	gamification	NOUN
futech-487	347	5	on	on	ADP
futech-487	347	6	student	student	NOUN
futech-487	347	7	engagement	engagement	NOUN
futech-487	347	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	347	9	learning	learn	VERB
futech-487	347	10	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
futech-487	347	11	in	in	ADP
futech-487	347	12	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	347	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	347	14	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	347	15	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	347	16	a	a	DET
futech-487	347	17	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	347	18	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	347	19	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	347	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	348	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	348	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	348	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	348	4	academic	academic	ADJ
futech-487	348	5	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	348	6	in	in	ADP
futech-487	348	7	business	business	NOUN
futech-487	348	8	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	348	9	social	social	ADJ
futech-487	348	10	sciences	science	NOUN
futech-487	348	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	348	12	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	348	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	348	14	14(8	14(8	NUM
futech-487	348	15	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	348	16	737	737	NUM
futech-487	348	17	-	-	SYM
futech-487	348	18	745	745	NUM
futech-487	348	19	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	349	1	[	[	X
futech-487	349	2	34	34	NUM
futech-487	349	3	]	]	X
futech-487	349	4	talaván	talaván	NOUN
futech-487	349	5	n	n	CCONJ
futech-487	349	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	349	7	costal	costal	ADJ
futech-487	349	8	t.	t.	NOUN
futech-487	349	9	idub	idub	NOUN
futech-487	349	10	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	349	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	349	12	potential	potential	NOUN
futech-487	349	13	of	of	ADP
futech-487	349	14	intralingual	intralingual	ADJ
futech-487	349	15	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	349	16	in	in	ADP
futech-487	349	17	foreign	foreign	ADJ
futech-487	349	18	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	349	19	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	349	20	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	349	21	how	how	SCONJ
futech-487	349	22	to	to	PART
futech-487	349	23	assess	assess	VERB
futech-487	349	24	the	the	DET
futech-487	349	25	task[j	task[j	NOUN
futech-487	349	26	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	349	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	350	1	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	350	2	value	value	NOUN
futech-487	350	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	350	4	2017	2017	NUM
futech-487	350	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	350	6	9	9	NUM
futech-487	350	7	:	:	SYM
futech-487	350	8	62	62	NUM
futech-487	350	9	-	-	SYM
futech-487	350	10	88	88	NUM
futech-487	350	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	351	1	[	[	X
futech-487	351	2	35	35	NUM
futech-487	351	3	]	]	X
futech-487	351	4	zhu	zhu	PROPN
futech-487	351	5	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	351	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	351	7	wang	wang	PROPN
futech-487	351	8	c.	c.	PROPN
futech-487	351	9	a	a	DET
futech-487	351	10	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	351	11	review	review	NOUN
futech-487	351	12	of	of	ADP
futech-487	351	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	351	14	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	351	15	in	in	ADP
futech-487	351	16	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	351	17	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	351	18	from	from	ADP
futech-487	351	19	2013	2013	NUM
futech-487	351	20	to	to	ADP
futech-487	351	21	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	351	22	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	351	23	current	current	ADJ
futech-487	351	24	status	status	NOUN
futech-487	351	25	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	351	26	future	future	ADJ
futech-487	351	27	implications[j	implications[j	NOUN
futech-487	351	28	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	351	29	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	352	1	available	available	ADJ
futech-487	352	2	at	at	ADP
futech-487	352	3	ssrn	ssrn	PROPN
futech-487	352	4	4684304	4684304	NUM
futech-487	352	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	352	6	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	352	7	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	353	1	[	[	X
futech-487	353	2	36	36	NUM
futech-487	353	3	]	]	X
futech-487	353	4	huang	huang	PROPN
futech-487	353	5	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	353	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	353	7	wan	wan	PROPN
futech-487	353	8	l	l	PROPN
futech-487	353	9	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	353	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	353	11	ye	ye	PRON
futech-487	353	12	h	h	NOUN
futech-487	353	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	353	14	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	353	15	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	353	16	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	354	1	new	new	ADJ
futech-487	354	2	solutions	solution	NOUN
futech-487	354	3	on	on	ADP
futech-487	354	4	llm	llm	PROPN
futech-487	354	5	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN
futech-487	354	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	354	7	optimization	optimization	NOUN
futech-487	354	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	354	9	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	354	10	application[c	application[c	NOUN
futech-487	354	11	]	]	X
futech-487	354	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	355	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
futech-487	355	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	355	3	the	the	DET
futech-487	355	4	61st	61st	PROPN
futech-487	355	5	acm	acm	PROPN
futech-487	355	6	/	/	SYM
futech-487	355	7	ieee	ieee	PROPN
futech-487	355	8	design	design	NOUN
futech-487	355	9	automation	automation	NOUN
futech-487	355	10	conference	conference	NOUN
futech-487	355	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	355	12	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	355	13	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	355	14	1	1	NUM
futech-487	355	15	-	-	SYM
futech-487	355	16	4	4	NUM
futech-487	355	17	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	356	1	[	[	X
futech-487	356	2	37	37	NUM
futech-487	356	3	]	]	X
futech-487	356	4	hwang	hwang	PROPN
futech-487	356	5	g	g	PROPN
futech-487	356	6	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	356	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	356	8	fathi	fathi	PROPN
futech-487	356	9	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	356	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	356	11	rahimi	rahimi	ADJ
futech-487	356	12	m.	m.	NOUN
futech-487	356	13	fostering	foster	VERB
futech-487	356	14	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	356	15	learners	learner	NOUN
futech-487	356	16	'	'	PART
futech-487	356	17	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	356	18	skills	skill	NOUN
futech-487	356	19	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	356	20	flow	flow	NOUN
futech-487	356	21	experience	experience	NOUN
futech-487	356	22	with	with	ADP
futech-487	356	23	video‐	video‐	NOUN
futech-487	356	24	dubbing	dubbing	NOUN
futech-487	356	25	tasks	task	NOUN
futech-487	356	26	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	356	27	a	a	DET
futech-487	356	28	flow	flow	NOUN
futech-487	356	29	theory	theory	NOUN
futech-487	356	30	perspective[j	perspective[j	NOUN
futech-487	356	31	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	356	32	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	357	1	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	357	2	of	of	ADP
futech-487	357	3	computer	computer	NOUN
futech-487	357	4	assisted	assist	VERB
futech-487	357	5	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	357	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	357	7	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	357	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	357	9	41(2	41(2	NUM
futech-487	357	10	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	357	11	e13120	e13120	NOUN
futech-487	357	12	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	358	1	[	[	X
futech-487	358	2	38	38	NUM
futech-487	358	3	]	]	X
futech-487	358	4	zhang	zhang	PROPN
futech-487	358	5	x	x	PROPN
futech-487	358	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	358	7	sun	sun	PROPN
futech-487	358	8	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	358	9	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	358	10	deng	deng	PROPN
futech-487	358	11	y.	y.	PROPN
futech-487	358	12	design	design	PROPN
futech-487	358	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	358	14	application	application	NOUN
futech-487	358	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	358	16	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
futech-487	358	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	358	18	for	for	ADP
futech-487	358	19	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	358	20	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	358	21	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	358	22	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	358	23	based	base	VERB
futech-487	358	24	on	on	ADP
futech-487	358	25	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	358	26	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	358	27	technology[j	technology[j	NOUN
futech-487	358	28	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	358	29	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	359	1	applied	apply	VERB
futech-487	359	2	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	359	3	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	359	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	359	5	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	359	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	359	7	37(1	37(1	NUM
futech-487	359	8	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	359	9	2216051	2216051	NUM
futech-487	359	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	360	1	[	[	X
futech-487	360	2	39	39	NUM
futech-487	360	3	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	360	4	pu	pu	PROPN
futech-487	360	5	p	p	PROPN
futech-487	360	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	360	7	chang	chang	PROPN
futech-487	360	8	d	d	PROPN
futech-487	360	9	y	y	PROPN
futech-487	360	10	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	360	11	s.	s.	PROPN
futech-487	360	12	effects	effect	NOUN
futech-487	360	13	of	of	ADP
futech-487	360	14	different	different	ADJ
futech-487	360	15	input	input	NOUN
futech-487	360	16	modes	mode	NOUN
futech-487	360	17	on	on	ADP
futech-487	360	18	blended	blend	VERB
futech-487	360	19	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	360	20	speaking	speak	VERB
futech-487	360	21	instruction	instruction	NOUN
futech-487	360	22	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	360	23	a	a	DET
futech-487	360	24	quasiexperimental	quasiexperimental	ADJ
futech-487	360	25	study[j	study[j	NOUN
futech-487	360	26	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	360	27	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	361	1	computer	computer	NOUN
futech-487	361	2	assisted	assist	VERB
futech-487	361	3	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	361	4	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	361	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	361	6	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	361	7	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	361	8	1	1	NUM
futech-487	361	9	-	-	SYM
futech-487	361	10	26	26	NUM
futech-487	361	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	362	1	[	[	X
futech-487	362	2	40	40	NUM
futech-487	362	3	]	]	X
futech-487	362	4	avelino	avelino	PROPN
futech-487	362	5	n	n	PROPN
futech-487	362	6	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	362	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	362	8	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	362	9	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	362	10	h.	h.	PROPN
futech-487	362	11	assessing	assess	VERB
futech-487	362	12	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	362	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	362	14	’	’	PART
futech-487	362	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
futech-487	362	16	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	362	17	readiness	readiness	NOUN
futech-487	362	18	in	in	ADP
futech-487	362	19	integrating	integrate	VERB
futech-487	362	20	4ir	4ir	NOUN
futech-487	362	21	into	into	ADP
futech-487	362	22	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	362	23	practices	practice	NOUN
futech-487	362	24	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	362	25	a	a	DET
futech-487	362	26	concept	concept	NOUN
futech-487	362	27	paper[j	paper[j	NOUN
futech-487	362	28	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	362	29	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	363	1	creative	creative	ADJ
futech-487	363	2	education	education	NOUN
futech-487	363	3	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	363	4	2021	2021	NUM
futech-487	363	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	363	6	12(9	12(9	NUM
futech-487	363	7	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	363	8	2038	2038	NUM
futech-487	363	9	-	-	SYM
futech-487	363	10	2055	2055	NUM
futech-487	363	11	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	364	1	[	[	X
futech-487	364	2	41	41	NUM
futech-487	364	3	]	]	X
futech-487	364	4	shamshul	shamshul	NOUN
futech-487	365	1	i	i	PRON
futech-487	365	2	s	s	VERB
futech-487	365	3	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	365	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	365	5	ismail	ismail	PROPN
futech-487	365	6	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	365	7	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	365	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	365	9	nordin	nordin	PROPN
futech-487	365	10	n	n	PRON
futech-487	365	11	m.	m.	NOUN
futech-487	365	12	using	use	VERB
futech-487	365	13	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	365	14	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	365	15	in	in	ADP
futech-487	365	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	365	17	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	365	18	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	365	19	of	of	ADP
futech-487	365	20	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	365	21	in	in	ADP
futech-487	365	22	esl	esl	PROPN
futech-487	365	23	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	365	24	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	365	25	a	a	DET
futech-487	365	26	systematic	systematic	ADJ
futech-487	365	27	literature	literature	NOUN
futech-487	365	28	review[j	review[j	PROPN
futech-487	365	29	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	365	30	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	366	1	international	international	ADJ
futech-487	366	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	366	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	366	4	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	366	5	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	366	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	366	7	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	366	8	educational	educational	ADJ
futech-487	366	9	research	research	NOUN
futech-487	366	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	366	11	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	366	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	366	13	23(4	23(4	NUM
futech-487	366	14	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	366	15	180	180	NUM
futech-487	366	16	-	-	SYM
futech-487	366	17	194	194	NUM
futech-487	366	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	367	1	[	[	X
futech-487	367	2	42	42	NUM
futech-487	367	3	]	]	X
futech-487	367	4	sabili	sabili	NOUN
futech-487	367	5	a	a	DET
futech-487	367	6	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	367	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	367	8	nazri	nazri	PROPN
futech-487	367	9	m	m	PROPN
futech-487	367	10	a	a	PRON
futech-487	367	11	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	367	12	surayya	surayya	PROPN
futech-487	367	13	s	s	PROPN
futech-487	367	14	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	367	15	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	367	16	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	367	17	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	368	1	smart	smart	ADJ
futech-487	368	2	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	368	3	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	368	4	the	the	DET
futech-487	368	5	impact	impact	NOUN
futech-487	368	6	of	of	ADP
futech-487	368	7	ai	ai	PROPN
futech-487	368	8	technologies	technology	NOUN
futech-487	368	9	on	on	ADP
futech-487	368	10	english	english	ADJ
futech-487	368	11	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	368	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
futech-487	368	13	in	in	ADP
futech-487	368	14	the	the	DET
futech-487	368	15	digital	digital	ADJ
futech-487	368	16	era[j	era[j	NOUN
futech-487	368	17	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	368	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	369	1	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	369	2	rev	rev	VERB
futech-487	369	3	pendidik	pendidik	PROPN
futech-487	369	4	dan	dan	PROPN
futech-487	369	5	pengajaran	pengajaran	NOUN
futech-487	369	6	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	369	7	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	369	8	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	369	9	7(4	7(4	NUM
futech-487	369	10	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	369	11	14040	14040	NUM
futech-487	369	12	-	-	SYM
futech-487	369	13	14049	14049	NUM
futech-487	369	14	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	370	1	[	[	X
futech-487	370	2	43	43	NUM
futech-487	370	3	]	]	X
futech-487	370	4	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
futech-487	370	5	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	370	6	h	h	PROPN
futech-487	370	7	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	370	8	woo	woo	VERB
futech-487	370	9	a	a	PRON
futech-487	370	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	370	11	eagan	eagan	PROPN
futech-487	370	12	j	j	PROPN
futech-487	370	13	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	370	14	et	et	PROPN
futech-487	370	15	al	al	PROPN
futech-487	370	16	.	.	PROPN
futech-487	371	1	uneven	uneven	ADJ
futech-487	371	2	adoption	adoption	NOUN
futech-487	371	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	371	4	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	371	5	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	371	6	tools	tool	NOUN
futech-487	371	7	among	among	ADP
futech-487	371	8	us	us	PROPN
futech-487	371	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
futech-487	371	10	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	371	11	principals	principal	NOUN
futech-487	371	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	371	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	371	14	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	371	15	-	-	SYM
futech-487	371	16	2024	2024	NUM
futech-487	371	17	school	school	NOUN
futech-487	371	18	year[m	year[m	NOUN
futech-487	371	19	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	371	20	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	372	1	rand	rand	NOUN
futech-487	372	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	372	3	2025	2025	NUM
futech-487	372	4	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	373	1	[	[	X
futech-487	373	2	44	44	NUM
futech-487	373	3	]	]	X
futech-487	373	4	baskara	baskara	PROPN
futech-487	373	5	r.	r.	PROPN
futech-487	373	6	exploring	explore	VERB
futech-487	373	7	the	the	DET
futech-487	373	8	implications	implication	NOUN
futech-487	373	9	of	of	ADP
futech-487	373	10	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
futech-487	373	11	for	for	ADP
futech-487	373	12	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	373	13	learning	learning	NOUN
futech-487	373	14	in	in	ADP
futech-487	373	15	higher	high	ADJ
futech-487	373	16	education[j	education[j	PROPN
futech-487	373	17	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	373	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	374	1	indonesian	indonesian	PROPN
futech-487	374	2	journal	journal	PROPN
futech-487	374	3	of	of	ADP
futech-487	374	4	english	english	PROPN
futech-487	374	5	language	language	NOUN
futech-487	374	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
futech-487	374	7	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	374	8	applied	applied	ADJ
futech-487	374	9	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
futech-487	374	10	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	374	11	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	374	12	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	374	13	7(2	7(2	NUM
futech-487	374	14	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	374	15	343	343	NUM
futech-487	374	16	-	-	SYM
futech-487	374	17	358	358	NUM
futech-487	374	18	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	375	1	[	[	X
futech-487	375	2	45	45	NUM
futech-487	375	3	]	]	X
futech-487	375	4	vera	vera	PROPN
futech-487	375	5	f.	f.	PROPN
futech-487	375	6	integrating	integrate	VERB
futech-487	375	7	artificial	artificial	ADJ
futech-487	375	8	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
futech-487	375	9	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	375	10	ai	ai	NOUN
futech-487	375	11	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	375	12	in	in	ADP
futech-487	375	13	the	the	DET
futech-487	375	14	efl	efl	PROPN
futech-487	375	15	classroom	classroom	NOUN
futech-487	375	16	:	:	PUNCT
futech-487	375	17	benefits	benefit	NOUN
futech-487	375	18	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	375	19	challenges[j	challenges[j	NOUN
futech-487	375	20	]	]	PUNCT
futech-487	375	21	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	376	1	transformar	transformar	PROPN
futech-487	376	2	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	376	3	2023	2023	NUM
futech-487	376	4	,	,	PUNCT
futech-487	376	5	4(2	4(2	NUM
futech-487	376	6	):	):	PUNCT
futech-487	376	7	66	66	NUM
futech-487	376	8	-	-	SYM
futech-487	376	9	77	77	NUM
futech-487	376	10	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	377	1	this	this	DET
futech-487	377	2	article	article	NOUN
futech-487	377	3	is	be	AUX
futech-487	377	4	an	an	DET
futech-487	377	5	open	open	ADJ
futech-487	377	6	-	-	PUNCT
futech-487	377	7	access	access	NOUN
futech-487	377	8	article	article	NOUN
futech-487	377	9	distributed	distribute	VERB
futech-487	377	10	under	under	ADP
futech-487	377	11	the	the	DET
futech-487	377	12	terms	term	NOUN
futech-487	377	13	and	and	CCONJ
futech-487	377	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
futech-487	377	15	of	of	ADP
futech-487	377	16	the	the	DET
futech-487	377	17	creative	creative	ADJ
futech-487	377	18	commons	common	NOUN
futech-487	377	19	attribution	attribution	NOUN
futech-487	377	20	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	377	21	cc	cc	NOUN
futech-487	377	22	by	by	ADP
futech-487	377	23	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	377	24	license	license	NOUN
futech-487	377	25	(	(	PUNCT
futech-487	377	26	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
futech-487	377	27	)	)	PUNCT
futech-487	377	28	.	.	PUNCT
futech-487	378	1	https://doi/	https://doi/	X
futech-487	378	2	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN