Schlagintweit et al.indd 1. INTRODUCTION During Late Triassic times, the Northern Calcareous Alps were part of a wide shelf exhibiting characteristic margin-parallel facies zonation located at the western end of the Tethyan Ocean (e.g. TOLLMANN, 1976, 1985; GAWLICK, 2000 with references; MANDL, 2000). The Norian–Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone is gener- ally divided into the bedded lagoonal Dachstein Lime- stone and the Dachstein reefal limestone, i.e. protected internal lagoonal facies and typical outer platform set- tings with reefal and peri-reefal facies (e.g. ZANKL, 1971; LEIN, 1987; GAWLICK, 2000 – fig. 4). The Norian bedded Dachstein Limestone is typically repre- sented by so-called Lofer cycles in the central platform area (FISCHER, 1964; ENOS & SAMANKASSOU, 1998). Within the “reef-limestones”, corals and calcar- Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp., a New Problematic Microfossil (“incertae sedis”) from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Germany, Austria) Felix SCHLAGINTWEIT1, Sigrid MISSONI2 and Hans-Jürgen GAWLICK2 eous sponges are the main frame-builders (ZANKL, 1969; SENOWBARI-DARYAN, 1990). Famous locali- ties of Dachstein reef-limestones within the Northern Calcareous Alps include for example, the Hohe Göll (ZANKL, 1969) and the Gosaukamm (WURM, 1982). Within any shallow water platform carbonates, the main important microfossil groups (calcareous algae and benthic foraminifera) show a well pronounced facies sensitivity enabling the differentiation of typical facies-dependent assemblages (SENOWBARI-DARY- AN & SCHÄFER, 1979). The calcareous algae belong- ing to the dasycladales, are discussed in the works of FLÜGEL (1975), PIROS et al. (1994), SENOWBARI- DARYAN & SCHÄFER (1979) and SENOWBARI- DARYAN & FLÜGEL (1993). In the latter work, for example, 11 species of dasycladales including 2 taxa indicated to be restricted to the Rhaetian interval have been listed for the Alpine Norian–Rhaetian platform carbonates. Recent investigations however, showed that present knowledge of the algal inventory of the Dachstein Limestone is still far from being complete (SCHLAGINTWEIT et al., 2001). In the framework of the ongoing investigations a new problematic microfos- sil has been detected in great abundance in biosparitic limestones (grain- to rudstones), and is described herein as Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. Besides several illustrations in the alpine literature, the material treated in the present paper comes from the Kehlstein near Berchtesgaden (Germany), the area west of Lofer (Austria) and the Rofan Mountains, Tyrol (Austria). The Rhaetian Dachstein limestone nearby and south of the Kehlstein house (samples Ber 101) has been chosen as the type-locality. 2. GEOLOGICAL SETTING Mount Kehlstein in the Berchtesgaden Alps tectoni- cally belongs to the higher Tirolic nappe (FRISCH & GAWLICK, 2001, in press) and was part of the Rhaetian lagoonal area south of the Kössen Basin (GOLEBIOWSKI, 1990, 1991). The sedimentary sequence consists of Norian lagoonal Dachstein lime- stone at the base, followed by marls and carbonates of the Kössen Formation (BRAUN, 1998 – cum lit.) Geologia Croatica 55/2 107–119 2 Figs. 2 Pls. ZAGREB 2002 Key words: Microproblematica, Calcareous algae, Upper Triassic, Dachstein Limestone, Northern Cal- careous Alps, Austria, Germany. 1 Lerchenauerstrasse 167, D-80935 Munich, Germany; e-mail: EF.Schlagintweit@t-online.de 2 University Leoben, Institute for Geosciences, Prospektion and Applied Sedimentology, Peter-Tunner-Str. 5, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. Abstract A new problematic microfossil is described as Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone of the North- ern Calcareous Alps. The new species is composed of a long cylindri- cal and an irregular rounded body, both showing narrow axial cavity. It is similar to Coptocampylodon? elliotti RADOIČIĆ 1969 from the Cenomanian of Montenegro, but lacks the longitudinal grooves in the cylindrical part. In the Alpine Dachstein Limestone it has been detected at several localities where it occurs as an abundant con- stituent of biosparitic limestones along with the benthic foraminifera Triasina hantkeni MAJZON, Aulotortus sinuosus WEYNSCHENK, Duostominidae and dasycladales Griphoporella curvata (GÜMBEL) and Diplopora adnetensis FLÜGEL. 108 Geologia Croatica 55/2 109Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick: Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp... and Rhaetian lagoonal Dachstein limestone. On the top of the sequence, Late Jurassic mass-flow deposits occur with components of Dachstein limestone, Late Jurassic shallow water limestones and carbonates of the Late Jurassic Oberalm Formation (LEBLING, 1935; PLÖCHINGER, 1955; BRAUN, 1998 – cum lit., new unpublished results). Most of the samples derive from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone or from Dachstein limestones near the Norian/Rhaetian boundary (Ber 101–1, Ber 101–4) in the southern area of mount Kehlstein or near the top of Kehlstein (Fig. 1). The sample Ber 101–12 represents a clast in an upper Jurassic mass-flow deposit with allo- chthonous shallow water microfossils deposited on top of the Rhaetian Dachstein limestone in the northern part of the Kehlstein. Besides the type-locality, the new species has been detected from the following localities: – northern side of the Lofer Kalvarienberg at 960 m AN (forest road), in the westward continuation of the southern rim of the Kössen basin; sample KS 79a, d; Rhaetian backreef and lagoonal Dachstein limestone (GOLEBIOWSKI, 1991); – Rofan Mountains, Tyrol; sample RF 1–01; pebble in late Jurassic mass-flow deposits; – Unken valley; mass-flow deposits (“Schwarzberg- klamm-Brekzie”) of the Tauglboden Formation deri- ving from the Trattberg Rise (GARRISON & FISCH- ER, 1969); – Hohes Brett, southern rim, south of the Jägerkreuz; Rhaetian slope sediments (ZANKL, 1969; BRAUN, 1998) (sample Ber 86/7); – north of Pass Lueg on the Street B 162 from Wer- fen to Golling; samples Y 11, Y 7A, Kö6); Rhaetian Dachstein limestone intercalated by marls of the Kös- sen Formation (WEGERER & GAWLICK, 1999); Fig. 1 Tectonic map of the middle part of the Northern Calcareous Alps and sample locations of the com- plete sedimentary sequences of Rhaetian Dachstein limestone in the Kehlstein and Lofer area (after FRISCH & GAWLICK, 2001, in press). 108 Geologia Croatica 55/2 109Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick: Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp... – lake Traunsee, south Ebensee; samples Po 10, 12, 16, 22; EB 7, Pr 6 97, EB 11 Pr 11, EB 24; Rha- etian lagoonal Dachstein limestone (WEGERER & GAWLICK, 1999). 3. SYSTEMATICS It was ELLIOTT (1963) who established the new genus Coptocampylodon with the type-species Coptocampy- lodon lineolatus n.sp. from the Lower Cretaceous of the Middle East and Borneo. The generic diagnosis of Coptocampylodon was indicated as follows: “Small solid cylindrical bodies, longer axis gently curved or irregular, circular in cross-section but deeply incised by longitudinal grooves, ends irregularly rounded.” As has been discussed by ELLIOTT, these microfossils incer- tae sedis have previously been assigned to acicularian spicules. In conclusion, however, ELLIOTT suggested that “Coptocampylodon comprises the skeletal remains of a small octocoral in which horny and calcareous joints alternated”. Almost two years later, a second representative was introduced by PATRULIUS (1965) as Coptocampylo- don fontis from the Urgonian Limestones (Barremi- an–Aptian) of Romania, characterized by the frequent occurrence of an axial canal that is lacking in the type- species. Unfortunately, Patrulius did not designate a holotype, but syntypes. Based on Coptocampylodon fontis, DRAGASTAN (1967) established the new genus Carpathoporella with the type-species Carpathopore- lla occidentalis assumed to belong to the dasycladales, unfortunately also without the designation of a holo- type. Later, RADOIČIĆ (1969) established the new species Coptocampylodon elliotti from the Cenomanian of Montenegro. The author considered Carpathoporella occidentalis DRAGASTAN as the younger synonym of Coptocampylodon fontis. As regards the type-species of Coptocampylodon, C. lineolatus ELLIOTT 1963, it has been assigned to a non-vertebrate coprolith (CUVIL- LIER et al., 1969). DRAGASTAN (1989) provided the new combination Carpathoporella fontis (PATRULIUS) and chose a holotype from the authors material. In all these taxa, the presence or absence of an axial hollow has been the reason for some of the discussion. Following PATRULIUS (1965) there are representa- tives of C. fontis some of which show an axial hollow and others that do not. For example, BASSON & EDG- ELL (1971) reported and figured both, Coptocampylo- don lineolatus ELLIOTT and C. fontis from the Lower Cretaceous of Lebanon co-occuring in the same sample. The same observation can also be made with the new species Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. with speci- mens with and without a central hollow. The latter are interpreted as sections through the closed distal parts. BASSON & EDGELL (1971, p. 420) discuss another interpretation, that “there have been varying degrees of calcification of the thallus and the central canal”. Star-like sections have been referred to Carpatho- porella? sp. by MASSE & ARNAUD-VANNEAU (1999, pl. 1, fig. 4–6) from the Lower Cretaceous of the Mid-Pacific Mountains, deep sea drilling leg 143, west of Hawaii. Following RADOIČIĆ (1969), the authors remark on similarities to transverse sections of the distal ramifications of the dasycladalean Triploporella? neocomiensis RADOIČIĆ (without axial canal) that, for example, have been figured by SOTAK & MISIK (1993, pl. 1, figs. 6–11). Equivalent fragments have been described as “Microproblematicum 3” from the Upper Barremian Urgonian Limestones of the North- ern Calcareous Alps (SCHLAGINTWEIT, 1991: p. 29, fig. 13) and a similar interpretation has been assumed. BARATTOLO & DE CASTRO (1991, p. 54) assume that the remains of Coptocampylodon cf. elliotti from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy “could repre- sent tufts of 5–6 trichophorous secondary branches of a Selliporella-like dasyclad”. Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS has been removed from the dasycladales by JAFFREZO (1974), followed by BASSOULLET et al. (1978). Some affinities with charophytes have been supposed by DRAGASTAN (1989), a view that we cannot follow for facies considerations since C. fontis is typical of well-agitated outer platform settings, for example in the Urgonian limestones of the Northern Calcareous Alps (SCHLAGINTWEIT, 1991) and also the outer platform facies of the Rhaetian Dachstein limestones with Cop- tocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. (see below). RADOIČIĆ (1969), cautiously followed by MASSE & POIGNANT (1971), and LUPERTO SINNI (1979), stated the syn- onymy between Carpathoporella occidentalis DRA- GASTAN and Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS. GRANIER & DELOFFRE (1994) also excluded the genus Coptocampylodon ELLIOTT 1963 with the type-species C. lineolatus from the dasycladales. The Cenomanian species is questioned regarding its generic position and treated as C.? elliotti RADOIČIĆ. As already remarked by DRAGASTAN (1989 – p. 43), in the original description of Coptocampylodon elliotti no holotype has been designated by RADOIČIĆ (1969). Later, in the framework of the inventory of Mesozoic dasycladales provided by GRANIER & DELOFFRE (1994), a holotype for Coptocampylodon? elliotti was designated by RADOIČIĆ thus remaining the only spe- cies tentatively referred to the genus Coptocampylodon ELLIOTT. Regarding the genus Carpathoporella DRA- GASTAN, it is treated as “nom. nud.” by GRANIER & DELOFFRE (1994) due to the lack of a holotype, and the repeated establishment of the genus Carpathopore- lla DRAGASTAN 1989 is also treated as “nom. nud.”, since being founded on another species, Coptocampylo- don fontis. A detailed synonymy is provided below for Copto- campylodon fontis PATRULIUS and Coptocampylodon elliotti RADOIČIĆ. 110 Geologia Croatica 55/2 111Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick: Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp... Genus Coptocampylodon ELLIOTT, 1963 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS, 1965 *1965 Coptocampylodon fontis n.sp. – PATRULIUS, p. 393, textfigs. 1a–0, 2a–f, pl. 1, a–f. 1966 Coptocampylodon (?) sp. – LUPERTO SINNI: pl. 2, fig. 3, Barremian–Aptian of S-Italy. 1967 Carpathoporella occidentalis n. gen., n.sp. – DRA- GASTAN: 444, pl. 1, figs. 7, 9, pl. 2, figs. 10–16. 1969 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – RADOI- ČIĆ: pl. 1, fig. 2, pl. 2, figs. 1–3, pl. 3, figs. 1–5. 1971 Carpathoporella occidentalis DRAGASTAN – MASSE & POIGNANT: 260, pl. 1, fig. 7, Hauteriv- ian to Lower Aptian of the Provence area/S France. 1971 Carpathoporella occidentalis DRAGASTAN – BASSON & EDGELL: pl. 4, figs. 6–8, Aptian of Lebanon. 1972 Carpathoporella sp. – FOURCADE et al.: pl. 4, fig. 1, Barremian–Aptian of the internal Prebetic/ Spain. 1973 Carpathoporella occidentalis DRAGASTAN – BAKALOVA: pl. 2, fig. 7, Lower Cretaceous Lovech Urgonian Group of Bulgaria. 1978 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – BABIĆ & GUŠIĆ: pl. 2, fig. 4, Barremian–Albian of Mt. Ivanščica/Croatia. 1979 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – LUPER- TO-SINNI: 442, pl. 43, figs. 2–6, 8–10, with syn- onymy, Barremian–Aptian of Apulia/S Italy. 1980 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – ARNA- UD-VANNEAU: pl. 112, figs. 5–6, Upper Barre- mian Urgonian Limestones of S France. 1986 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – MAN- TEA & TOMESCU: pl. 12, figs. 1–6, Metaliferi Mts. of Romania. 1987 Carpathoporella fontis (PATRULIUS) – MASSE & ROSSI: fig. 5(b), Lower Aptian of Venezuela. 1989 Carpathoporella fontis DRAGASTAN – DRA- GASTAN: 40, pl. 17, figs. 2–8, Barremian–Lower Aptian in the Carpathian and in the Moesian Platform/Romania (with synonymy, validation and designation of lectotype). 1991 Carpathoporella fontis (PATRULIUS) – MISIK et al.: pl. 5, fig. 6, Lower Cretaceous carbonate peb- bles from the Western Carpathians. 1991 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – SCHLA- GINTWEIT: 29, pl. 8, figs. 6–8, Upper Barremi- an–Aptian Urgonian Limestones of the Northern Calcareous Alps/Germany and Austria. 1992 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – MASSE, ARIAS & VILAS: pl. 3, fig. 12, Aptian–Albian of the prebetic Zone/Spain. 1993 Carpathoporella fontis (PATRULIUS) – SOTAK & MISIK: pl. 1, fig. 12, Barremian–Aptian of the Western Carpathians. 1994 Acicularia sp. – CSÁSZÁR et al.: pl. 8, fig. 4, Upper Barremian–Lower Aptian of the Schratten Limestone of Vorarlberg/Austria. 1994 Coptocampylodon? fontis PATRULIUS nom. nud. – GRANIER & DELOFFRE, p. 28. 1995 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – CAR- RAS: pl. 54, fig. 7, Lower Cretaceous of Greece. 1999 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – MASSE & ARNAUD-VANNEAU: 60, pl. 1, figs. 1–3, Late Hauterivian–Barremian of Mid-Pacific Mountains, deep sea drilling leg 143, west of Hawaii. 2001 Coptocampylodon fontis PATRULIUS – BUCUR: pl. 10, fig. 2, Upper Aptian of the Resita–Moldova Noua Zone/Southern Carpathians of Romania. Coptocampylodon? elliotti RADOIČIĆ, 1969 *1969 Coptocampylodon elliotti n.sp. – RADOIČIĆ: 199, pl. 4, figs. 1–2, Cenomanian of Montenegro. 1989 Carpathoporella elliotti (RADOIČIĆ) nov. comb. – DRAGASTAN: 43 (not figured). 1991 Coptocampylodon elliotti RADOIČIĆ – BARAT- TOLO & DE CASTRO: pl. 3, fig. 2, Aptian of the Sorrento peninsula/S Italy. 1994 Coptocampylodon? elliotti RADOIČIĆ – GRANI- ER & DELOFFRE, p. 21, validation with designa- tion of lectotype (not figured). As can be seen from the references cited, Copto- campylodon fontis PATRULIUS represents a wide- spread microfossil occurring within Upper Jurassic to Albian strata, with the greatest distribution in the Bar- remian Aptian interval (“Urgonian facies”). For Copto- campylodon elliotti RADOIČIĆ, although also estab- lished in the sixties as C. fontis, we can only mention the occurrence in southern Italy (see synonymy) besides the type-locality in the Dinarides. Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. (Pl. I, Figs. 1–7; Pl. II, Figs. 1–12) 1989 “Dasycladacean algae characterized by small spi- ny thalli” – STANTON & FLÜGEL: pl. 38, figs. 1–2, 7, pl. 39, figs. 3–4, Upper Rhaetian “reef”- complex of the Steinplatte/Austria. Origin of the name: The species name refers to the stratigraphic occurrences in the Rhaetian stage. Type-locality: Kehlstein area, ÖK 93 Bad Reichenhall, 1850 m AN, path from the Kehlstein house to the Hohe Göll at the base of late Jurassic mass-flow deposits (Fig. 1). 110 Geologia Croatica 55/2 111Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick: Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp... Type strata: Packstones and grainstones, gray to light brown limestones, m-thick bedded sequence of the lagoonal Rhaetian Dachstein limestone overlying the Kössen beds and the “Hauptlithodendronkalk”. The latter was deposited in a transgressive–regressive cycle and approximates the Norian–Rhaetian bound- ary (GOLEBIOWSKI, 1991) consisting of massive coralline beds. Above the “Hauptlithodendronkalk” the lagoonal Rhaetian Dachstein limestone occurs forming an isolated platform between the Koessen basin to the north and the Hallstatt area to the south (GAWLICK, 2000). Holotype: Cross-section figured on Pl. 1, Fig. 5, Sam- ple Ber 101–4a. The material is stored at the “Institut for Geowissenschaften, Universität Leoben”. Diagnosis: Small representative of the genus with a comparably long cylindrical part (“stalk”) with a nar- row axial hollow and without marginal outer grooves. Rounded part (“head”) with or without an axial hollow and a low number of marginal grooves. Description: The new species is composed of a compa- rably long cylindrical (“stalk”) (e.g. Pl. 1, Fig. 3) and an irregular rounded body (“head”) (e.g. Pl. 1, Fig. 6), both showing a relatively narrow central or axial hollow. In the material studied, no specimens were found where both parts were in original mutual contact. That both parts belong to the same taxon, however, is obvious since these always occur in great abundance together (e.g. Pl. 2, Fig. 10). The solid cylindrical part up to 1.15 mm in length is often slightly curving and shows smooth outer and inner surfaces. In the cylindrical part, the central hollow comprises approximately 30% of the outer diameter. The ball-shaped part shows marginal grooves (most- ly 7) at the outer part (e.g. Pl. 2, Fig. 1). Since these do not transect the calcareous skeleton/wall, these cannot be termed pores. The relative diameter of the central hollow is very variable (mostly ~25%) with respect to the outer diameter. It is assumed that those sections, with a very small central hollow are cut more distally, near a closed end. The latter is evidenced by sections without any central hollow (Pl. 1, Fig. 6). These do not show the grooves, an effect that could be secondary in origin (e.g. abrasion in a high-energy environment). Dimensions: see Fig. 2. Remarks: Coptocampylodon? fontis besides being larg- er (e.g. D = 0.2–0.6 mm, acc. to DRAGASTAN, 1989), differs from Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. in its higher number of marginal grooves (9–15 acc. to DRA- GASTAN, 1989). Moreover these are more regularly of a semicircular shape whereas in C.? rhaeticus they are more irregular often with a more acute inner part. Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. is very close to C.? elliotti RADOIČIĆ from the Cenomanian of Montenegro. In fact, the biometric data of the speci- mens from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone are in the range of the Cenomanian species. The main difference is the absence of marginal grooves in the cylindrical part of C.? rhaeticus n.sp. showing a smooth outer sur- face. These grooves are well developed in C.? elliotti RADOIČIĆ (RADOIČIĆ, 1969: pl. 4, fig. 1, pl. 5, fig. 2, pl. 6, figs. 1–4). In C.? elliotti the marginal grooves often show a tendency to become externally closed as already remarked by DRAGASTAN (1989, p. 43). In C.? rhaeticus n.sp. the groves usually display a clear concave shape (e.g. Pl. 1, Fig. 5) and only occasionally become very narrow (e.g. Pl. 1, Fig. 6, left specimen). Fig. 2 Dimensions and reconstruction of Coptocam- pylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. 112 Geologia Croatica 55/2 113Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick: Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp... Facies: – Oolitic grainstones: these limestones are fine- grained and very well sorted consisting mainly of ooids that are built up around small bioclasts. Here Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. is very abundant and is associated with textulariids, involutinids, nodosariids (Austrocolomia? sp.) and Trochammina? sp. Samples: Ber 101/4A to 4D (locality Kehlstein near Berchtesgaden). – Packstones: the overall thin-section appearance clearly indicates that this microfacies is closely related to the described oolithic grainstones. Thus, components are directly comparable. There are some larger echinoid fragments irregularly distributed in the sediment resulting in a somewhat poorer grade of sorting. Samples: Ber 101/4A (locality Kehlstein near Berchtesgaden). – Grainstones to packstone with a typical bimodal sorting: the fine-grained portion of this microfacies type is comparable to the above described oolitic grainstones. Within this, larger components consisting of intraclasts, bioclasts (echinoids, gastropods, corals) and the larger tests of the Triasina hantkeni MAJZON are dispersed. Besides rare coral fragments, influenc- es from the reef facies are present with the scattered remains of Alpinophragmium perforatum FLÜGEL (FLÜGEL, 1967; SCHÄFER & SENOWBARI-DAR- YAN, 1978). According to SCHÄFER & SENOW- BARI-DARYAN (1978), Triasina hantkeni is well distributed in the algal–foraminiferal detritus facies (“Algen–Foraminiferen–Detritus–Fazies”). Additio- nally, there are also fragments of udoteacean algae. Samples: Ber 101/6, 101/1A (locality Kehlstein near Berchtesgaden). – Rudstone to bioclastic packstone: large clasts of corals, gastropods and the dasycladalean Diplopora adnetensis FLÜGEL, 1975 are closely packed within a sparitic matrix. Foraminifera are present with some involutinids and Triasina hantkeni MAJZON, 1954. According to FLÜGEL (1975), D. adnetensis, originally described from the Upper Rhaetian reef limestone of Adnet near Hallein/Salzburg, typically occurs with corals in the back-reef facies. Sample: Ber 101/12 (locality Kehlstein near Berchtesgaden). Remains of Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. within identical microfacies of Upper Triassic platform carbonates have already been figured in the Alpine lit- erature but without concrete identification: – SCHOTT (1984): pl. 34, fig. 6 (middle left), biopel- micrite to pelmicrite (MF type B 5), Upper Rhaetian “Reef limestone” Brünnstein–Auerbach region/Lower Inn Valley. – MATZNER (1986): pl 8, fig. 11, oolitic packstone– grainstone (MF–6), transition from the Dachstein reef limestones to the Zlambach Formation; locality: “Am Kleinen Zwicker”, Steiermark/Austria. – BÖHM (1986): pl. 34, fig. 2 (grapestone facies) and fig. 5 (oolite with Triasina hantkeni and Trocham- mina sp.); locality: Grimming, Steiermark/Austria. Concerning the occurrences at Grimming, BÖHM (1986) notes, that the oolitic facies only is reported from the Rhaetian “when no reef was present to shelter the lagoon and ooid bar could develop”. The well-agi- tated facies types with remains of Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. figured by MATZNER (1986) and BÖHM (1986) are directly comparable to the material presented here. From the Upper Rhaetian “reef”-complex of the Steinplatte/Austria, STANTON & FLÜGEL (1989) were the first to recognize the specimens as “Dasycla- dacean algae characterized by small spiny thalli”. They are abundant in their “microfacies C 12” that “com- prises the strata overlying the relatively massive mound facies” (capping facies) ascribed to a platform margin environment (STANTON & FLÜGEL, 1989: p. 38). Stratigraphy: Taking into account the occurring faunal and floral elements, our samples with Coptocampylo- don? rhaeticus n.sp. can be referred to the Rhaetian (e.g. GRGASOVIĆ, 1997: Triasina hantkeni Taxon- range-zone; DE CASTRO, 1990; SENOWBARI-DARY- AN & FLÜGEL, 1993). This determination is also sup- ported by evidence from conodonts (sample Ber 101–2: Misikella posthernsteini KOZUR & MOCK, Conodont colour Alteration Index 1.0 – see also BRAUN, 1998) from the Kössen Formation at the Mount Kehlstein, which at Kehlstein directly underlies the Rhaetian Dach- stein Limestone. In the western continuation, west of Lofer, the Rhaetian Dachstein limestone occurs over marls and coral limestones of the Koessen Formation (not proven by conodonts) in the same sedimentary position as at Mount Kehlstein. To the west, Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. occurs in the Steinplatte area in the Rhaetian Dachstein limestone (STANTON & FLÜGEL, 1989). In the whole area some Rhaetian Dachstein lime- stones with Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. occur as components within Late Jurassic mass-flow deposits (Kehlstein area, Schwarzbergklammbrekzie and Rofan mountains) eroded from nearby topographic rises (Tratt- berg Rise, e.g. Kehlstein) due to the closure of the Tethys Ocean in Jurassic times (GAWLICK et al., 1999 with references). 4. CONCLUSIONS The calcitic “bodies“ of the microfossil incertae sedis Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. are very abundant and widespread in the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone and the “Upper Rhaetian reef limestone” of the North- ern Calcareous Alps characterizing high-energy outer platform to platform margin facies. Its systematic posi- tion so far remains uncertain. The interpretation as pos- 112 Geologia Croatica 55/2 113Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick: Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp... sible secondary ramifications of Triploporella species such as T.? neocomiensis (RADOIČIĆ, 1969), assumed by previous workers for Cretaceous Coptocampylodons has to be rejected due to the findings in the Rhaetian. The calcareous remains obviously do not represent single individuals but parts representing an unknown function of a larger organism of unknown systematic position. The determination of Coptocampylodon? rhaeti- cus n.sp. as a facies dependent fossil is a good aid for determining the palaeogeographic position of some outcrops in the Late Triassic of the Northern Calcare- ous Alps. This palaeogeography was destroyed by the later tectonic shortening (Jurassic to Eocene) with polyphase nappe formation and in later times by lat- eral tectonic extrusion. During these processes blocks moved towards the north and east out of their original palaeogeographic position. For reconstruction of the Late Triassic palaeogeography it is necessary to deter- mine facies zones by clear stratigraphic data. Thus, the occurrence of Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. in the Rhaetian Dachstein limestones may help in the recon- struction of the original Late Triassic palaeogeography. Pebbles of Rhaetian Dachstein limestone with Cop- tocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. in Late Jurassic mass- flow deposits show the destruction of the Late Triassic palaeogeography since the Late Jurassic and allow the reconstruction of the present day eroded Trattberg Rise. Acknowledgements Prof. Dr. L. KRYSTYN (Vienna) determined the cono- donts. Financial support of the FWF project P–14131– TEC is acknowledged. We are grateful to the reviewers, Tonći GRGASOVIĆ and Branko SOKAČ for their helpful suggestions for the improvement of the present paper. 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Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–12, scale bar = 1 mm. 3 Poorly washed packstone with sections of Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. Locality: Rofan Mountains/Tyrol, thin-section RF 1–01, scale bar = 0.5 mm. 4 Grainstone with Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. and involutinid foraminifera. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-sec- tion Ber 101–1A, scale bar = 1 mm. 5 Ooid grainstone with cross-section of Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. with irregular inner surface, holotype. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–4A, scale bar = 0.5 mm. 6, 7 Grainstone with cross-sections of Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–12, scale bar = 0.5 mm. 116 Geologia Croatica 55/2 117Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick PLATE 1 118 Geologia Croatica 55/2 119 PLATE 2 Coptocampylodon? rhaeticus n.sp. from the Upper Triassic Dachstein Limestone of the Northern Calcareous Alps 1–2 Cross-section. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–1A, scale bars = 0.2 mm. 3 Cross-section. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–1A–1, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 4, 6 Cross-section. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–12, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 5 Cross-section. Locality: Lofer Kalvarienberg, thin-section KS 79 A, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 7 Longitudinal section with axial hollow. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–4B, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 8 Longitudinal oblique section. Locality: Lofer Kalvarienberg, thin-section KS 79 A, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 9 Fragment possibly showing the transition between the smooth cylindrical part and the furrowed part. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–1A, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 10 Variously oriented sections. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–12, scale bar = 0.5 mm. 11 Longitudinal section of broken fragment. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–4A, scale bar = 0.2 mm. 12 Longitudinal section with central hollow. Locality: Kehlstein, thin-section Ber 101–12, scale bar = 0.5 mm. 118 Geologia Croatica 55/2 119Schlagintweit, Missoni & Gawlick PLATE 2 120 Geologia Croatica 55/2