Schlagintweit.indd 185 � AB STRA CT The present paper compiles an up-to-date taxonomic inventory of dasycladalean green algae of the Kimmeridgian- Early Berriasian Plassen Carbonate Platform and their resediments in basinal sediments (e.g., Barmstein Limestone, Sillenkopf Formation) of the Northern Calcareous Alps of Austria (p.p. Germany). Today, the Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu lato (or Plassen Group) is divided into three independent carbonate platforms with radiolarite deep- water basins between: the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform to the north, the Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu stric- to in a central position and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform to the south. All together 42 taxa are reported from these platforms and associated resediments, each shortly commented and illustrated. Amongst these, there are taxa common in all three platforms, others exhibit restricted distributions. These peculiarities can be explained by the dif- ferent lithostratigraphic and overall geodynamic evolution of the three platforms. In many cases, it allows the assign- ment of resediments in basinal series to a certain platform as a helpful palaeobiogeographical tool when other data are lacking. Keywords: Dasycladales, taxonomy, palaeogeography, Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian- Early Berriasian): taxonomic inventory and palaeogeographical implications within the platform-basin-system of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria, p.p. Germany) � Felix Schlagintweit Lerchenauerstr. 167, D-80935 München, German; (ef.schlagintweit@t-online.de) doi:104154/gc.2011.16 Geologia Croatica 64/3 185–206 4 Figs. 1 Tab. 5 Pls. Zagreb 2011 Geologia CroaticaGeologia Croatica 1. INTRODUCTION The ocurrence of Upper Jurassic shallow-water limestones in the Northern Calcareous Alps is known since the midth of the 19th century (e.g., von HAUER, 1857; GEYER, 1884; MOJSISOVICS, 1868). In contrast to the huge Late Triassic Hauptdolomit/Dachstein carbonate platform, these Late Ju- rassic shallow-water carbonates should only form isolated reefs. In Early to Middle Jurassic times, the deposition was characterized by deep-water carbonates and/or cherty sedi- ments. After tectonic movements in the early Late Jurassic, these shallow-water carbonates were described as resting transgressively above uplifted blocks of Triassic rocks (TRAUTH, 1950; PLÖCHINGER, 1964; TOLLMANN, 1965, 1981, 1985; MANDL, 1982; STEIGER & WURM, 1980). In contrast, recent results showed that this shallow-water evolution was installed in the areas of uplifting rises (e.g., Trattberg Rise, Brunnwinkl Rise, GAWLICK et al., 2007) Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 186 around the Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian boundary. Due to later erosion, these contacts are not more preserved and can only be reconstructed by analysis of mass-fl ow deposits in the ad- jacent basinal areas. All preserved shallow-water carbonate successions evolved in a shallowing upward manner abo ve basinal deposits. From the topographic rises, representing nappe fronts (GAWLICK et al., 1999), the platforms pro- graded onto adjacent basin sequences delivering sediments to the deeper water areas (FRISCH & GAWLICK, 2003; GAWLICK & FRISCH, 2003). Results obtained from inves- tigations of the last decade have shown that these today iso- lated occurrences belonged to at least three different shallow water areas today united as the Plassen Carbonate Platform (= Plassen Group in GAWLICK et al., 2009): the Wolfgang- see Carbonate Platform to the north, the central platform or Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu stricto (in part the former Plassen Limestone or Plassen Formation) and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform to the south (Fig. 1). The exact palaeo- geographic position of the different platform occurrences in the Northern Calcareous Alps can often not easily be recon- structed. Due to multiphase tectonic movements, many of these occurrences were sheared off from their basements and occur in an allochthonous position. Therefore, it is very of- ten not easy to decide to which platform these occurrences belong especially when the normal underlying sequences are missing. For an exact reconstruction of the Jurassic palaeo- geography and the tectonic motions, however, a detailed knowledge of the derivation of the shallow-water occurren- ces is essential. Beside some special sedimentological and microfacies features distinguishing the different platforms (GAWLICK et al. 2009, for details), also the microfaunistic and -fl oristic content in the different platforms can help for better palaeogeographic reconstructions. Dasycladales are widespread constituents of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (e.g., FLÜGEL, 1964; FENNINGER & HÖTZL, 1967; STEIGER & WURM, 1980; DARGA & SCHLAGINTWEIT, 1991; DYA, 1992; SCHLAGINTWEIT & EBLI, 1999; RASSER & FENNINGER, 2002; SCHLAG- INTWEIT et al., 2005) but also occur within the resediments of the Barmstein Limestone (FENNINGER, 1972; STEIGER, 1981; GAWLICK et al., 2005, 2010; SCHLAGINTWEIT & GAWLICK, 2007) or the Sillenkopf Formation (MISSONI Figure 1: A) Tectonic map of the mid- dle part of the Northern Calcareous Alps show ing recent block confi gura- tion with occurrences of the Wolfgang- see Carbonate Platform (pink), Oberalm For mation + Barmstein Limestone (blue), central Plassen Carbonate Platform (yel- low), Sillenkopf Formation (green) Lärch- berg Carbonate Plat form (red) (after FRISCH & GAWLICK, 2003, slightly mod- ifi ed). WFZ = Wolfgangsee Fault Zone. The two white arrows show the small out crops of the Sillenkopf Formation. B) Platform-basin confi guration during the Late Tithonian (based on GAWLICK et. al., 2009). Colo urs refer to A. Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 187 et al., 2001). Based on thin-section analyses of several thou- sand samples coming from various different localities of all three platforms and their resediments, an up-to-date inven- tory of the dasycladalean algae is presented and analyzed with respect to their occurrence/absence in different parts of the Late Jurassic to Earliest Cretaceous platform-basin-system of the Northern Calcareous Alps. Each taxon is illustrated and shortly commented. The distribution of the dasycladale fl ora is viewed and interpreted with respect to differences in the lithostratigraphic evolution of the platforms and their geodynamic framework. 2. DATA ANALYSIS The algal inventory of the Plassen Carbonate Platform and their resediments consists of 24 genera; 3 taxonomically in- suffi ciently known taxa are treated as gen. et sp. indet. (Tab. 1). One taxon, Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜMBEL) is re- ported from all three platforms and the associated resedi- ments. The number of taxa of the Plassen Carbonate Plat- form s. str. with 22 (+ 4 uncertain records) equals more or less the number known from the Lärchberg Carbonate Plat- form with 26. The number of known taxa of the Wolfgang- see Carbonate Platform with 9 is distinctly reduced in com- parison to both the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. Concerning the resediments of these shallow-water carbonates within basinal sediments, the inventory of taxa from the Barmstein Limestone with 27 is distinctly the highest, followed by the Sillenkopf Forma- tion with 6 and the Rofan Breccia with 1 (3?) taxa. There are taxa that are restricted to the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Plat- form (1 taxon), the Barmstein Limestone (5,?7 taxa), the Plas- sen Carbonate Platform s. str. (1 taxon) and the most signif- icantly to the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (10 taxa). These differences and peculiarities are discussed later in the paper when each unit is dealed with separately. The most frequent genus is Clypeina MICHELIN with 7 species followed by Salpingoporella PIA with 4 species. There are 7 species that can occur in great abundances in often more or less monospecifi c assemblages: Clypeina juras sica FAVRE, Neoteutloporella socialis (PRATURLON), Camp- belliella striata (CAROZZI), Neoteutloporella obsoleta (CA- ROZZI), gen. et sp. indet. 2, occasionally also Rajkaella bar- theli (BERNIER) and Salpingoporella annulata CAROZZI. From the 42 reported taxa, only 4 (~ 10 %) are reported from all the three platforms and the resediments of the Barmstein Limestone and the Sillenkopf Formation. Three taxa are re- ported from all three platforms and the Barmstein Limestone, but lacking in the Sillenkopf Formation. In comparisons to other regions of the alpine-mediter- ranean realm, the dasycladalean fl ora of the Plassen Carbon- ate Platform of the Northern Calcareous Alps can be consid- ered a comparable rich association (see Tab. 1 in RASSER & FENNINGER, 2002). The main reason therefore is the great variety of different platform palaeoenvironments each with characteristic associations. Furthermore, some typical environments, e.g., reefal and peri-reefal facies, occur twice (Late Kimmeridgian and Latest Tithonian-?earliest Berria- sian) (Fig. 2). In this case we fi nd common taxa such as Salp- ingoporella pygmaea in both reefal intervals and, due to dif- ferences in stratigraphic ranges, taxa that are either only occurring in the Kimmeridgian or Late Tithonian (e.g., Neo- teutloporella socialis) reefal and peri-reefal carbonates. 2.1. Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform Data from the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform are available from Mount Falkenstein (KÜGLER et al., 2003), Mount Drei Brüder (GAWLICK et al., 2007) and Mount Bürgl (SCHLA- GINTWEIT et al., 2008; GAWLICK & SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2010). All these occurrences start with resediments (brec- cias, mass-fl ows) above basinal series that can attain several tens of metres of thicknesses, followed by slope and reefal platform margin deposits. The rare debris of the dasycladale Clypeina jurassica FAVRE gives evidence of lagoonal infl u- ences that have so far not been detected in outcrops. The Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform was drowned in the Late Tithonian (intermedia subzone), witnessed by calpionellid Table 1: Distribution of Kimmeridgian to Early Berriasian dasycladales of the Northern Calcareous Alps within the Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu lato: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (WCP), Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu stricto (PCP), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (LCP) and the associated resediments, Seekarspitz Limestone (or Rofan Breccia) (SL), Barmstein Limestone (BL) and Sillenkopf Formation (SiF). Estimated abundances: * rare, ** common, *** abundant. 1) and 4) only locality Mount Jainzen; 2) only locality Mount Hornkogel and Mount Kehlstein; 3) only locality Mount Krahstein; 5) only locality Mount Falkenstein. Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 188 wackestones on the top of the series (GAWLICK & SCHLAG- INTWEIT, 2010). The age of the basal resediments is un- known; the occurrence of the benthic foraminifera Labyrin- thina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK and Kilianina? rahonensis FOURY & VINCENT, however, indicate a minimum age of Kimmeridgian. Therefore it is also unknown whether the reefal carbonates of the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform can stratigraphically be correlated with the fi rst reefal interval of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (~ Late Kimmeridg- ian) or are somehow younger (?Latest Kimmeridgian-Early Tithonian). In conclusion, more data are needed for a detailed lithostratigraphic analysis of the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Plat- form. For illustrations of the microfacies types of the Wolf- gangsee Carbonate Platform see GAWLICK et al. (2007, 2009), and GAWLICK & SCHLA GINT WEIT (2010). Within the three platforms, the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform shows the lowest number of taxa with 9 species, some of these (Clypeina loferensis, Clypeina parasolkani, Salpingoporella annulata) are only reported from Mount Jainzen. Suppiluliumaella delphica (CARRAS) seems to be restricted to the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform. Disso- cladella? n. sp. was detected at Mount Jainzen in peri-reefal limestones, Suppiluliumaella delphica (CARRAS) within similar facies only from Mount Falkenstein (see also FEN- NINGER & HOLZER, 1972, pl. 17, fi g. 6, fi gured as Ma- croporella gigantea CAROZZI). Both taxa have so far not been reported for sure from any other locality within the Northern Calcareous Alps. As time equivalent facies is re- ported from many other localities of the Plassen Carbonate Platform, it is assumed that this has no special reason and future fi ndings of both taxa can be expected. The reduced number of taxa of the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform as a whole can be explained by the stratigraphic restriction (Kim- meridgian-Early Tithonian) with respect for example to the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. on the one hand as the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform was drowned in the Late Tithonian (GAWLICK & SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2010). On the other hand, only at a small part of Mount Jainzen, inter- preted as being a part of the former Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (see GAWLICK et al., 2007), carbonates refered to the closed lagoonal facies have been detected (unpubl. data). Therefore, most taxa characteristic for the lagoonal facies are missing in the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform. 2.2. Seekarspitz Limestone (or Rofan Breccia) Following the current model of GAWLICK et al. (2010), the informal Seekarspitz Limestone (or Rofan Breccia), repre- sents resediments of the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform that were shed towards the north (Fig. 1B). The name refers to Mount Rofanspitze in the Sonnwend Mountains of Tyrol. It is worth to mention, that the two widespread Late Jurassic foraminifers Protopeneroplis striata and Labyrinthina mira- bilis were described from this locality (WEYNSCHENK 1950, 1951). In general, little is known about the micropal- eontology of the Seekarspitz Limestone. Amongst the dasy- cladalean algae, only Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜMBEL) is rather common. A possible fragment of Suppiluliumaella delphica (CARRAS) was observed in the Obersee Breccia in the Ybbsitz area of Lower Austria, which, according to GAWLICK et al. (2009), could represent an equivalent to the Rofan Breccia. Although more samples are needed to be studied, the number of dasycladalean algae will presumably not increase signifi cantly as the thin-sections studied show a rather uniform micropaleontological content. Also, the al- gal content of the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform as the assumed source area is rather low. 2.3. Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. One of the best studied occurrences and most complete suc- cessions of the Plassen Carbonate Platform is the name giv- ing type-locality Mount Plassen near Hallstatt (SCHLAG- INTWEIT et al. 2003, 2005). It represents the most complete sequence from the initial shallowing-upwards to the fi nal drowning phase. As it is the reference section for the Plas- sen Carbonate Platform s. str. its facies evolution with re- spect to dasycladalean algal occurrences is shortly presented (Fig. 2). In the initial phase of the Plassen Carbonate Plat- form, coral patch-reefs following slope deposits were in- stalled at the platform margin(s), that, together with the as- sociated peri-reefal deposits contain a dasycladale assemblage of Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜMBEL), Petrascula bursi- formis (ETTALON), Griphoporella jurassica (ENDO) and Gyroporella? sp. The patch-reef facies can be ascribed to the Late Kimmeridgian (GAWLICK et al., 2004, e.g. locality Krahstein). At the type-locality Mount Plassen, the platform- margin facies is partly replaced by Labyrinthina shoals de- void of dasycladales and followed by transgressive-regres- sive cycles of tidal fl at and lagoonal deposits. The latter are typically dominated by an association of rivulariacean-type porostromate algae and an assemblage of dasycladales amongst Salpingoporella annulata CAROZZI, Clypeina ju- rassica FAVRE, Clypeina cf. parasolkani FARINACCI & RADOIČIĆ or Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI). Approx- imately around the Early-Late Tithonian boundary, these mainly sea-level controlled transgressive-regressive (T-R) cycles are followed by inner platform facies with typical la- goonal wackestones. Especially in the transitional beds (be- tween the T-R-cycles and the inner lagoon) the dasycladale Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI) occurs in great abun- dances forming a monospecifi c assemblage (Fig. 2). In the Upper Tithonian lagoonal wackestones dasycladales are widespread with typical taxa including Clypeina cf. para- solkani FARINACCI & RADOIČIĆ, Otternstella lemmensis (BER NIER), Clypeina loferensis SCHLAGINTWEIT, DI- ENI & RADOIČIĆ, Clypeina jurassica FAVRE, gen. et sp. indet. 2 and Rajkaella bartheli (BERNIER). The latter three can occur in more or less monospecifi c assemblages, e.g., Clypeina- or Rajkaella-wackestones. The lagoonal carbon- ates are followed by back-reef, reefal platform margin and fi nally slope deposits. The total stratigraphic interval of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. is Kimmeridgian to Early Berriasian at the type-locality Mount Plassen when the cen- tral platform became drowned during the Berriasian and was fi nally covered by Late Berriasian (oblonga calpionellid sub- zone) calpionellid limestones (GAWLICK & SCHLAGINT- WEIT, 2006). From the Late Tithonian onwards, a new Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 189 northward-directed palaeoslope was established. This part of the Plassen Carbonate Platform typically forms the source area for the Barmstein Limestone. It is important to stress, that almost all the different isolated occurrences of the Plas- sen Carbonate Platform s. str. comprise only a part of the Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian lithostratigraphic section. Therefore, also the dasycladalean algae content may differ from one locality to the other. For illustrations of the micro- facies types of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. see STEIGER & WURM (1980), SCHLAGINTWEIT et al. (2003, 2005) and GAWLICK et al. (2009). The dasycladalean algal inventory of the Plassen Car- bonate Platform s. str. comprises defi nite 22 (possibly 26) taxa, a number similar compared to the Barmstein Limestone and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. For the systematics see SCHLAGINTWEIT et al. (2005). As already remarked previously, the about three times higher number with respect to the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform is easily explained by a complete Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian succession including many species restricted either to internal or exter- nal platform environments. Although the overall facies vari- ability in the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. is higher then in the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform, the total number of taxa is comparable as in the latter this trend is counterbal- anced by a high number of taxa restricted to this platform. 2.4. Barmstein Limestone The Barmstein Limestone is interpreted as representing mass -fl ows and turbiditic layers in basinal sediments (Oberalm Formation) of the Tauglboden Basin, with components main ly deriving from the adjacent Plassen Carbonate Platform and minor clasts from the underlying substratum (STEIGER, 1981; GAWLICK et al., 2005). The Barmstein Limestone witnesses the collapse of the Trattberg Rise around the Ju- rassic/Cretaceous boundary (GAWLICK & SCHLAGINT- WEIT, 2009; MISSONI & GAWLICK, 2011). Many of the dasycladalean algae of the Barmstein Limestone occur with in lithoclasts belonging to different facies zones of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (reefal, back-reefal, lagoonal en- vironments). Based on microfacies aspects (e.g., bored clasts of slope facies; infi ltration of fi ne-siltic matrix between clasts, etc.), an emersion of the northernmost part of the Trattberg Rise (being the source area of the Barmstein Lime- stone in the type-area) was assumed (SCHLAGINTWEIT et al., 2006; SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2008). With an assumed shal- lowing-upward, clasts of different facies zones (with its dif- ferent algal contents) could become mixed together. The clasts were already lithifi ed during resedimentation and therefore slightly older as the Latest Tithonian; clasts of Kimmeridgian age of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. are extremely rare. One single fi nding of a specimen of Lab- yrinthina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK, however, evidences that occasionally also older strata (e.g., Kimmeridgian) were eroded or became uplifted before resedimentation. The ree- fal bioclasts of the Barmstein Limestone are assumed to be- long to the second reefal belt that formed in Late Tithonian times at the northern rim of the Trattberg rise (GAWLICK & SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2009) (Fig. 2.). Within the associ- ated calciturbidites isolated bioclasts of, Dasycladales such as Clypeina jurassica FAVRE or Selliporella neocomiensis (RADOIČIĆ) occur often exhibiting micritic coatings, indi- cating more or less synsedimentary transportation. Referring to the general lithostratigraphic succession of the Plassen Carbonate Platfrom s. str. at the type-locality Mount Plassen, the erosion/reworking of the Barmstein Lime- Figure 2: Distribution of dasycladalean algae within the Plassen Carbonate Plat- form s. str. The lithostratigraphic column refers to the most complete section of the type-locality Mount Plassen (SCHLA- GINTWEIT et al., 2003, for details). Data used additionally are mainly from Mount Krahstein (see GAWLICK et al., 2004) and other localities. Note that the number of taxa for each unit of the schematized column can not be accumulated to the total number of taxa as some, e.g. Salp- ingoporella pygmaea (GÜMBEL), occur in more than one facies unit. Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 190 stone normally did not reach the Campbelliella limestones. These mark the major change from the Lower Tithonian transgressive-regressive cycles of the southern part of the Plassen Carbonate Platform to the Upper Tithonian closed lagoonal facies, followed by a northward facing second ree- fal belt (see SCHLAGINTWEIT et al., 2003; SCHLAGINT- WEIT & GAWLICK (2007); GAWLICK & SCHLAGINT- WEIT (2009) (Fig. 2)). The absence of Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI) in the Barmstein Limestone was already ob- served by STEIGER (1981, p. 277) and interpreted in terms of a source area where the species could not evolve. As dis- cussed by SCHLAGINTWEIT & GAWLICK (2007, fi g. 5), this observation can be better explained by the microfacies evolution and succession of the Late Tithonian closed la- goonal facies at Mount Plassen, where this species is absent. Two exceptions are the occurrences of Campbeliella striata (CAROZZI) at Mount Hornkogel (GAWLICK & SCHLAG- INTWEIT, 2009) or Mount Kehlstein (MISSONI & GAW- LICK, 2011; own observation). Referring to the classical defi nition, these sediments at Mount Hornkogel cannot be included in the Barmstein Limestone. Here, C. striata (CA- ROZZI) occurs as resedimented bioclasts, not within litho- clasts. A possible explanation could be that we are dealing with stratigraphically two different levels of “Barmstein Limestone”: an older one (following the Agatha Formation) where Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI) may occur and a younger level where it is obviously absent. The older level might be placed into the interval Late Early Tithonian to the Early/Late Tithonian boundary, the younger in the Late Ti- thonian (Crassicollaria calpionellid subzone) to Early Ber- riasian. For example, the fi rst resediments of Barmstein Limestone at Mount Tressenstein occur about 175 m below the fi rst occurrences of both Calpionella alpina-Crassicol- laria intermedia (GAWLICK & SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2009, fi g. 5). In contrast to this “Barmstein Limestone” assumed to have been deposited in a more southern position on the Trattberg Rise (GAWLICK & SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2009), the northern occurrences Ewige Wand, Zwerch wand, Joch- wand can be placed within the Late Tithonian Crassicollaria subzone. In all these occurrences, Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI) does occur neither as individual bioclast nor as component of reworked lithoclasts. Except Gyroporella? sp. and Chinianella scheympfl ugi HOFMANN, that both seem to be restricted to the Late Kimmeridgian southward-facing platform margin, all species known from the Plassen Car- bonate Platform s. str. also occur in the Barmstein Limestone. Gen. et sp. indet 2, reported only from the Late Tithonian closed lagoonal facies of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. as typical algal debris facies within wackestones (SCHLAGINTWEIT & GAWLICK, 2007, for details) is rather common in the Barmstein Limestone and occurs also at the type-locality of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str., Mount Plassen. This constellation explains its absence in the resediments of the Sillenkopf Formation to the south and the northern Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform; so far gen. et sp. indet. 2 has not been identifi ed from the Lärchberg Carbon- ate Platform. Three taxa, Neoteutloporella socialis (PRATUR- LON), Neoteutloporella obsoleta CAROZZI and Terque- mella sp. aff. T. concava BERNIER are restricted to the Late Tithonian reefal interval of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. from where these became reworked within the Barmstein Limestone (SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2010, for details). Five (pos- sibly seven) taxa have so far only been observed in the Bar- mstein Limestone assuming that these have both a biostrati- graphic limitation (lacking in strata older than the Late Tithonian) and palaeogeographic limitation with an assumed occurrence at the northward-facing reefal margin of the Plas- sen Carbonate Platform s. str. that became eroded and resedi- mented. An example is Selliporella neocomiensis (RADOIČIĆ), having its fi rst appearance in the Late Tithonian (see also GRANIER & BUCUR, 2010) and being typical for external platform environments (BUCUR & SĂSĂRAN, 2005). From the available data it can be assumed that the former platform margin parallel belt where S. neocomiensis (RADOIČIĆ) was dwelling in an assumed back-reef position (= the north-west- ern edge of the Trattberg Rise; see MISSONI & GAWLICK, 2011, fi g. 25A), has been eroded and resedimented as Barm- stein Limestone within the Tauglboden Basin. 2.5. Lärchberg Carbonate Platform The facies evolution of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform is still not known in all details. As outstanding characteristic, contrasting the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. and the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform, an overall terrigenous in- put can be stated. It should be noted that the carbonates of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. are highly pure lime- stones with a CaC03 content larger then 99 % (MOSHAM- MER & LOBITZER, 2000). Due to new unpublished results, the classical scheme of FERNECK (1962) with a basal trans- gressive series (Lofer Beds or Lofer Unit, see also SAN- DERS et al., 2007, fi g. 2) passing into a limestone complex, the Lärchberg Limestone, is completely the other way round. The clastic series represents a Late Tithonian to?earliest Ber- riasian fi nal coarsening-upward series, with Anchispirocy- clina lusitanica (EGGER) as one main characteristic micro- fossil. The Kimmeridgian parts are well documented with Labyrinthina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK and Kilianina? ra- honensis FOURY & VINCENT, for example from Mounts Litzelkogel-Gerhardstein (e.g., DYA, 1992; own observa- tions). The more or less absence of high-energy reefal plat- form margin deposits, e.g. well documented for the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (e.g., GAWLICK et al., 2004; AUER et al., 2009), points to a different platform geometry, with a less inclined slope. For example, thrombolithic boundstones with abundant tubes of Terebella lappiloides MÜNSTER as- sociated with Crescentiella morronensis (CRESCENTI) are a characteristic feature of the Kimmeridgian slope deposits of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform, unreported from both the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. and the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (see Fig. 49/1 in GAWLICK et al. 2009). This peculiar facies is directly comparable to the Terebella- “Tubiphytes” association sensu SCHMID (1996) refered to quiet water depositional settings well below the storm wave base and may in cases be indicative for oxygene depletion. Such an assumption would fi t to the interpretation of the Sil- lenkopf Basin as a starved basin by MISSONI & GAWLICK (2011). In analogy to the northern Tethyan occurrences of Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 191 this peculiar facies, a comparable gentle north ward-facing slope of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform can be postu- lated. Equivalent to the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str., also the isolated occurrences of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform may show differences in the lithostratigraphic col- umn and thus, also does their dasycladalean algal content. For illustrations of the microfacies types of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform see DARGA & SCHLAGINTWEIT (1991), DYA (1992) and SANDERS et al. (2007). With 11 species (when including also S. svilajaenis) only recorded from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform and resed- imented in the Sillenkopf Formation, it is the most individu- alized character of all three platforms. Most of these taxa are reported from marly wackestones of an assumed internal in- fralittoral environment, Zergabriella embergeri (BOUR- OULLEC & DELOFFRE) from the same palaeoenvironment additionally shows infl uences of fresh-water (e.g., JAFFR- EZO & RENARD, 1979). Cylindroporella? sp. 1 known only from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform occurs in well-agi- tated back-reef/open lagoonal facies. The overall terrigene- ous input, and partly assumed brackish infl uence of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform, lacking in the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform and Plassen Carbonate Platform, are considered the main infl uencing factors for this discrete mi- crofl ora. 2.6. Sillenkopf Formation The Sillenkopf Formation comprises basinal sediments occur- ring between the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. to the north and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform to the south. Type-local- ity is Mts. Sillenköpfe in the Berchtesgaden Alps (MISSONI et al., 2001). The siliciclastic detritus of the older orogen in the resediments (breccias, calciturbidites) evidences that the basin mainly received material from the south as transport from the north can be excluded in Late Jurassic times (see for example newest reconstruction for this time interval of MISSONI & Figure 3: Aspects of microfacies and microfos- sils (benthic foraminifers, dasycladales) from the Sillenkopf Formation of Mount Sillenköpfe (A–D, E) and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (E). A–B: Labyrinthina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK exhibiting agglutination of siliciclastic grains. Sample Ber 31-1b-4 and Ber 31-1b-1. C: Tangen- tial section of Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜM- BEL) showing silifi cation. Sample Ber 31-5b-7. D: Oblique section of Chinianella scheympfl ugi HOFMANN showing silification. Sample Ber 51-5. E: Microfacies of the Lärchberg Formation with silicifi ed oncoids, plant remains (p) and ex- traclasts (e). Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die- 170f. F: Silicifi ed oncoid from the Sillenkopf For- mation. Sample Ber 31-4B. Scale bars = 1 mm, except E = 2 mm. A B C D E F Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 192 GAWLICK, 2011, fi g. 24D–E). Silicifi ed oncoids reworked in these breccias are a further characteristic feature and are only known from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (own observa- tions, Fig. 3E–F). The occurrence of Labyrinthina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK and occasionally Kilianina? rahonensis FOURY & VINCENT in the coarser breccias layers, indicates that the resediments are mainly of Kimmeridgian age. Dasy- cladalean thalli and test of larger foraminifers on occasion show silifi cation (Fig. 3C–D). As a further characteristic of the re- sediments, siliciclastic grains may become incorporated espe- cially in the tests of Labyrinthina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK (Fig. 3A–B), never observed in specimens from the central Plassen Carbonate Platform or the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Plat- form. Dasycladalean algae occur as individual bioclasts in the breccias comprising a handful of taxa known from the whole Plassen Carbonate Platform system (Tab. 1). The occurrence of the alga Steinmanniporella svilajaensis (SOKAČ & VELIĆ) especially in proximal deposits of the Sillenkopf Formation, that is typical for the Kimmeridgian external facies of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (e.g., Mounts Litzelkogel-Ger- hardstein), can also be considered an indication for the south- ern source area of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (see Tab. 1). The distinctly reduced algal content compared to the Barm- stein Limestone is due to mostly synsedimentary resedimen- tation as individual bioclasts (often with taxa typical for ex- ternal habitats) and the lack of mixed assemblages from clasts of different facies zones. In some aspects such as the co-oc- currence of dasycladales with the foraminifers Protopen- eroplis striata WEYNSCHENK and Labyrinthina mirabilis WEYNSCHENK and the presence of ooids, the resediments of the Sillenkopf Formation are similar to those of the Seekars- pitz Limestone. The siliciclastic infl ux evidenced in the Sil- lenkopf Formation (MISSONI et al., 2001) is lacking in the latter as well as in the Barmstein Limestone. 3. TAXONOMIC INVENTORY The occurring taxa (Tab. 1) are illustrated and listed in al- phabetical order including short comments on occurrences and distribution in the Northern Calcareous, information on semiquantitative abundances (rare/common/abundant); in some cases taxonomic remarks are provided in addition. Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI) (Pl. 1, Fig. A) Well recorded from the Late Kimmeridgian to Early Late Tithonian of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. and rare from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. Individual speci- mens may occur in the Upper Kimmeridgian reefal facies; at Mount Plassen the species occurs in monospecifi c assem- blages and great abundances (FENNINGER & HOLZER, 1972; SCHLAGINTWEIT et al., 2003). Occurrences: Barm- stein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common to abundant), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Chinianella scheympfl ugi HOFMANN (Pl. 1, Fig. N, Text-Figure 3D) This alga occurs in well-agitated back-reef to open lagoonal facies. It was described from the middle to Late Tithonian Ernstbrunn Limestone of Lower Austria by HOFMANN (1994) and has so far been recorded from Poland, Greece and Crimea/Ukraine (SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2011). In the Northern Calcareous Alps it is, besides from Tithonian strata, also recorded from the Kimmeridgian of the Plassen Carbon- ate Platform s. str., e.g. Mount Rettenstein, or the Sillenkopf Formation. Occurrences: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common), Sillenkopf Formation (rare), Lärchberg Carbon- ate Platform (rare). PLATE I Dasycladales from the Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous of the Northern Calcareous Alps: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (A, F–G, L, N), Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (O–P), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (C–D, H–I, K), Barmstein Limestone (B, E, M) A Campbelliella striata (CAROZZI), Mount Trisselwand, sample MT 144. B, E Clypeina aff . estevezii GRANIER, Mount Zwerchwand, sample B 86 (b) and Mount Trisselwand, sample T 166-3 (e). C–D Cylindroporella? sp. 1, Mount Lärchberghörndl, sample KS 71. F Clypeina loferensis SCHLAGINTWEIT, DIENI & RADOIČIĆ (above) and Clypeina jurassica FAVRE (below), Mount Plassen, sample A 3168. G Clypeina loferensis SCHLAGINTWEIT, DIENI & RADOIČIĆ, Mount Plassen, sample A 3168. H Clypeina catinula CAROZZI, Mount Lärchberghörndl, sample Lof 1. I Cylindroporella? sp. 2, Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die 170. J Clypeina cf. marteli EMBERGER, locality Postalm, sample H-14. K–L Clypeina parasolkani FARINACI & RADOIČIĆ, Mount Dietrichshorn, sample GS 135F and Mount Plassen, sample A 3167–1. M Clypeina aff . solkani CONRAD & RADOIČIĆ, Mount Ewige Wand, sample E 36. N Chinianella scheympfl ugi HOFMANN, Mount Plassen, sample PL 70d. O–P Dissocladella? n. sp., Mount Jainzen, samples D 576 and D 575. Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 193 A B C D E F G H I J L K M N O P Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 194 Clypeina catinula CAROZZI (Pl. 1, Fig. H) Only known from the Late Tithonian (?Earliest Berriasian) of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (SCHLAGINTWEIT & EBLI, 2000, for details). Occurrences: Lärchberg Carbon- ate Platform (common). Clypeina aff . estevezii GRANIER (Pl. 1, Figs. B, E) Originally described from the Berriasian of southern Spain (GRANIER, 1988), it has also been recorded from the earli- est Berriasian of Sardinia (DIENI & RADOIČIĆ, 2000). In the Northern Calcareous Alps it occurs in Late Tithonian strata. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare). Mention must be made, that from the Tithonian-Berriasian Torinosu Limestone of Japan ENDO (1961) described a new taxon as “Calcisphera” ju- rassica that seems to belong to a shallow tangential section of a Clypeina species with numerous and distally unfused laterals such as for instance C. estevezii or others. Clypeina jurassica FAVRE (Pl. 1, Fig. F pars) A widespread taxon that occurs in great abundances in closed/ open lagoonal wacke-/packstones. Depending on the platform morphology, individual verticil fragments are also found in external platform facies. The common occurrence in calcitur- bidites of the Barmstein Limestone can be explained by the retrograde erosion of the platform margins affecting also la- goonal environments. Concerning the systematic, C. jurassica FAVRE vs. Clypeina sulcata (ALTH) see comments in SCHLAGINTWEIT et al. (2009). Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (rare), Barmstein Limestone (common), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (abundant), Sillenkopf For- mation (rare), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (abundant). Clypeina loferensis SCHLAGINTWEIT, DIENI & RADOIČIĆ (Pl. 1, Fig. F pars, G) Illustrated from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform as Acti- noporella podolica (ALTH) by DYA (1992). Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (common), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (abundant). Clypeina cf. marteli EMBERGER (Pl. 1, Fig. J) Very rare sections with stellate outline, elongated laterals only fused at the proximal parts and comparable small main axis can be referred with some restrictions to Clypeina mar- teli EMBERGER (e.g., BASSOULLET et al., 1978, pl. 38, fi g. 1; DIENI & RADOIČIĆ, 2000, pl. 5, fi gs. 6–7). Occur- rences: Barmstein Limestone (rare, e.g., GAWLICK et al., 2005, fi g. 13/5), possible occurrences: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str., Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. Clypeina cf. parasolkani FARINACCI & RADOIČIĆ (Fig. 1, Figs. K–L) This species was originally described from the Berriasian of Turkey (FARINACCI & RADOIČIĆ, 1991). A longitudinal section cutting 15 succesive verticils has been illustrated by STEIGER & WURM (1980, pl. 26, fi g. 2) as Salpingopo- rella annulata CAROZZI from the Late Kimmeridgian of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. of Mount Krahstein. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (common), Plassen Car- bonate Platform s. str. (common), Lärchberg Carbonate Plat- form (common). Clypeina aff . solkani CONRAD & RADOIČIĆ (Pl. 1, Fig. M) This Clypeina with massive calcifi cation can be compared with Clypeina solkani CONRAD & RADOIČIĆ. It typically occurs in the Upper Tithonian wackestones of the closed la- goonal facies. According to GRANIER & DELOFFRE (1993) this species should have an assumed total strati- graphic range of Oxfordian-Albian, SOKAČ (1996, p. 26) indicates a Hauterivian to Barremian age doubting both older and younger occurrences. Occurrences: Limesone (common), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (common). Cylindroporella? sp. 1 (Pl. 1, Figs. C–D) This alga has been detected only at Mount Lärchberghörndl in well washed-out packstones of a back-reef to open la- goonal facies; age: Late Kimmeridgian or Tithonian. Such a microcrystalline calcifi cation is known from other cylindri- porelliform dasycladales: Cylindroporella taurica CON- RAD & VAROL, 1990 (Albian of Turkey) and Vederosella? alimani DRAGASTAN, 1999 (Late Hauterivian of Roma- nia). Similar forms were illustrated also by BUCUR et al. (2000) from the Valanginian-Hauterivian of Turkey. Occur- rences: Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Cylindroporella? sp. 2 (Pl. 1, Fig. I) A very rare alga occurring in wackestone facies and reported from the Barmstein Limestone, the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. and the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. The tangential section shown in Plate 1, Figure I can be compared with Cylin- droporella faronensis MASSE, BUCUR, VIRGONE & DEL- MASSO, 1999 from the Berriasian-Valanginian of SE France. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Dissocladella? n. sp. (Pl. 1, Figs. O–P) This tiny dasycladale with supposedly two orders of laterals is so far only reported from the Wolfgangsee Carbonate Plat- form of Mount Jainzen where it typically occurs in peri-ree- Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 195 fal limestones. The strong recrystallization and so far poor available material does not allow for a detailed taxonomic description at the moment. Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Car- bonate Platform (rare). Deloff rella quercifoliipora GRANIER & MICHAUD (Pl. 2, Fig. A) This species has so far only been reported from the Lärch- berg Carbonate Platform of Mount Dietrichshorn associated besides others, with Zergabriella embergeri (BOUROUL- LEC & DELOFFRE). Occurrences: Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Gen. et sp. indet 1 (Pl. 2, Fig. B) Very rare dasycladalean alga showing thallus annulation and numerous laterals. Shape of laterals, orders and connection to the main axis unknown. The illustrated specimens comes from Mount Dietrichshorn; age: Tithonian? Occurrences: Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Gen et sp. indet 2 (Pl. 2, Figs. C–D) This alga typically forms monospecifi c debris facies (wacke- stones) (see SCHLAGINTWEIT & GAWLICK, 2007, for details). It is recorded from Upper Tithonian wackestones of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. and equivalent clasts resedimented in the mass-fl ows of the Barmstein Limestone. Details of this alga showing a comparable wide main axis and segmentation recalling the genus Neomizzia LEVY, are unknown. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (abundant), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common). Gen et sp. indet 3 (Pl. 2, Fig. G) Very rare and large Dasycladale with massive calcifi cation and numerous primaries. The proximal narrow primaries with a peduncle then gently widening and clusters of secondaries point to the genus Triploporella STEINMANN. Occurrences: Late Tithonian Barmstein Limestone of Mount Sandling. Griphoporella jurassica (ENDO) (Pl. 2, Fig. E) Rather widespread form in reefal platform margin deposits occurring often as debris. For the taxonomy see BUCUR & SCHLAGINTWEIT (2009). Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Car- bonate Platform (rare), Barmstein Limestone (common), Plas- sen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common) and Lärchberg Car- bonate Platform (rare). Gyroporella? sp. (Pl. 2, Figs. H, J) So far, this taxon has only been reported from Upper Kim- meridgian platform margin deposits of Mount Krahstein, be- longing to the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (SCHLAG- INTWEIT & EBLI, 1999, for details). Occurrences: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare). Humiella catenaeformis (RADOIČIĆ) (Pl. 2, Fig. I) This alga was so far unknown from the Northern Calcareous Alps, it is very rarely reported only from the Late Tithonian Barmstein Limestone. Note that in the Dinarids, HUSINEC & SOKAČ (2006) established a Clypeina parasolkani- Humiella catenaeformis interval zone (Berriasian-earliest Valanginian). The stratigraphic relevance was already dis- cussed by SOKAČ (1987) previously. The shown specimen comes from the Barmstein Limestone of Mount Zwerch- wand intercalated in calpionellid wackestones with Crassi- collaria intermedia (GAWLICK et al., 2010, for details). Therefore, the fi rst appearance of Humiella catenaeformis (RADOIČIĆ) has to be changed from Berriasian to Late Ti- thonian. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare). Linoporella? sp. (Pl. 3, Figs. A–B) This rare alga is known only from the (Lower) Tithonian of the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. where it occurs in well washed-out packstones of a back-reef to open lagoonal fa- cies. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Car- bonate Platform s. str. (rare). Neoteutloporella socialis (PRATURLON) (Pl. 3, Fig. C) Neoteutloporella obsoleta CAROZZI (Pl. 3, Fig. D) Restricted to the Upper Tithonian reefal interval of the Plas- sen Carbonate Platform s. str. where it became resedimented northwards within the Barmstein Limestone (see SCHLAG- INTWEIT, 2010, for details). Lacking at the Mt. Barmsteine type-locality, N. socialis (PRATURLON) was described by FENNINGER (1972) from the so-called “Barmsteinkalk- Bank B2” of the Osterhorn Mountains. Thus, it has a re- stricted palaeogeographic occurrence within the Northern Calcareous Alps and also a stratigraphic importance as it lacks in strata older than the Late Tithonian. N. socialis (PRATURLON) and N. obsoleta CAROZZI are lacking in the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform as this second reefal in- terval seems to be absent there. Occurrences: Barmstein Lime- stone (common), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare). Neogyroporella? gawlicki SCHLAGINTWEIT (Pl. 3, Figs. E–F) Restricted to the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (SCHLAG- INTWEIT, 2005). According to BARATTOLO et al. (2008), the genus Neogyroporella YABE & TOYAMA could repre- sent a synonym of Holosporella PIA and consequently N.? Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 196 gawlicki SCHLAGINTWEIT a representative of this genus. It should be mentioned, that this alga has so far been re- corded only from the Northern Calcareous Alps and within an Upper Jurassic pebble from the Losenstein Formation (SCHLAGINTWEIT, 1991, pl. 1, fi g. 7). Occurrences: Lärch- berg Carbonate Platform (common). Otternstella lemmensis (BERNIER) (Pl. 3, Fig. G) Typical alga of the closed lagoonal facies, occurring in Up- per Tithonian wackestones with Clypeina species, Rajkaella bartheli (BERNIER) and Salpingoporella annulata CAR- OZZI. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare), Lärchberg Carbonate Plat- form (rare). Petrascula bursiformis (ETTALON) (Pl. 3, Fig. H, Text-Figure 4) Common species, especially in the Upper Kimmeridgian platform reefal interval (e.g. Mount Jainzen, Mount Krah- stein, Mount Rettenstein). For the occurrences in the Barm- stein Limestone it is unclear whether these derive from the Upper Kimmeridgian or Late Tithonian reefal intervals. The occurrence of three orders of laterals in the stalk part of the thallus is well recorded (BERNIER, 1979, 1984; BUCUR & SĂSĂRAN, in press). Thin-sections prepared successively from the same piece of sample have shown that the thinner proximal part of the stalk is characterized by a reduced number of presumably only two orders of laterals (Fig. 4a). It must be noted that in the fundamental work of BASSOULLET et al. (1978) the specimens of “Petrascula bursiformis” shown in plate 24, fi gs. 1–5, 7–8 have been provided by BERNIER. In his revisional work on the genus Petrascula one year later, BERNIER (1979) assigned the specimen shown in Pl. 24, fi g. 2 in BASSOULLET et al. (1978) as holotype for the new species Petrascula guembeli; also the specimen illustrated in pl. 24, fi g. 1 belongs to this species. Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (rare), Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Plat- form s. str. (common), Sillenkopf Formation (?). Petrascula guembeli BERNIER (Pl. 3, Figs. I–J, Pl. 4, Fig. J) Rare specimens only recorded from the Barmstein Lime- stone (Mount Barmsteine, Mount Sandling, Mount Trissel- wand). This species was described by BERNIER (1979) from the Late Kimmeridgian of Switzerland. The well-cal- PLATE 2 Dasycladales from the Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous of the Northern Calcareous Alps: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (C, H, J), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (A–B), Barmstein Limestone (D–G, I). A Deloff rella quercifoliipora GRANIER & MICHAUD, Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die 170. B Gen. et sp. indet. 1, Mount Dietrichshorn, sample GAG 21b. C Gen. et sp. indet. 2, Mount Trisselwand, sample MT 614. D Gen. et sp. indet. 2, Mount Barmsteine, sample Ber 30-2b-3. E Griphoporella jurassica (ENDO), Mount Zwerchwand, sample B 87. F Pseudotrinocladus piae (DRAGASTAN), Mount Zwerchwand, sample B 45. G Gen. et sp. indet. 3. Note a bush of three secondaries (arrow). Mount Sandling, sample D 765. H, J Gyroporella? sp., Mount Krahstein, samples Krah 122–5, 122–9. I Humiella catenaeformis (RADOIČIĆ), Mount Zwerchwand, sample B 82. Figure 4A–D: Sections through diff erent levels of the thallus stipe of Petrascula bursiformis (ETTALON), Mount Jainzen, Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform. All specimens are from diff erent thin-sections of the same sample. Compare the diff erent morphological aspect of the primaries (A versus D). In A (as- sumed lower portion of the stipe), only two orders of laterals are discernible. D = outer diameter, d = inner diameter, w = number of primaries. A B C D Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 197 A B C D E F G H I J Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 198 cifi ed stalk (Pl. 4, Fig. J, fi gured as Thyrsoporella alpina DRAGASTAN & RICHTER in GAWLICK et al., 2005) shows the three order of laterals, whereas in the head mostly only the last order laterals are preserved (Pl. 3, Fig. I). In rare cases, parts of the fi rst and second order laterals may be pre- served also in the head portion (Pl. 3, Fig. J). The stratigraphy of P. guembeli BERNIER is generally indicated as Kimmerid- gian (BUCUR, 1999, Tab. 9). Concerning the spe cimens in the Barmstein Limestone, it is unclear whether these belong to the Upper Kimmeridgian or Upper Tithonian reefal inter- val. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare). Pseudotrinocladus piae (DRAGASTAN) (Pl. 2, Fig. F) Very rare and large alga with numerous pores (laterals?) so far recorded from the Late Tithonian Barmstein Limestone and the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str.. This alga was originally described from Late Tithonian of Romania (DRA- GASTAN, 1971, 1989). RADOIČIĆ (2005) considered P. piae (DRAGASTAN) a synonym of Griphoporella? perfo- ratissima CAROZZI and preferred a udoteacean rather then a dasycladalean nature, a view that cannot be commented on the basis of the available sections. The irregular denticulated transition of the calcifi ed part towards the central hollow could be an indication for such an interpretation; in this case the central part would correspond to a decalcifi ed or not cal- cifi ed medullary zone. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare). Rajkaella bartheli (BERNIER) (Pl. 4, Fig. A) Typical alga of the closed lagoonal facies. In the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform, wackestones with abundant debris of this alga occur associated with the larger benthic foraminifer Anchispirocyclina lusitanica (EGGER). Occurrences: Barm- stein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (common). Rajkaella sp. (Pl. 4, Fig. B) Occurrence: Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Salpingoporella annulata CAROZZI (Pl. 4, Fig. F) One of the most widespread species in the Plassen Carbon- ate Platform sensu lato occurring in closed and open la- goonal limestones. Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (rare), Barmstein Limestone (common), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common), Sillenkopf Formation (rare), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (common). Salpingoporella aff . dinarica RADOIČIĆ (Pl. 4, Fig. C) Occurrences: Only known from the Late Tithonian?-Early Berriasian? of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (Mount Dietrichshorn) (rare). Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜMBEL) (Pl. 4, Fig. E, Text-Figure 3C) One of the most widespread species in the Plassen Carbon- ate Platform sensu lato. This alga is restricted to agitated peri-reefal platform margin deposits; therefore S. pygmaea is comparable rare in the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. Ac- cording to CARRAS et al. (2006), Salpingoporella johnsoni (DRAGASTAN) and Salpingoporella enayi BERNIER, re- corded from the Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (SCHLA- GINTWEIT & EBLI, 1999; SCHLAGINTWEIT et al. 2005) are synonyms of S. pygmaea. Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (common), Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (common), Sillenkopf Formation (common), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). Salpingoporella sellii (CRESCENTI) (Pl. 4, Fig. D) Due to the unusual microgranular pattern of calcifi cation, the attribution of this alga to the genus Salpingoporella is ambiguous (e.g., CARRAS et al., 2006, p. 460). Consequ- ently, when calcifi cation pattern are considered of generic importance, also Salpingoporella dinarica RADOIČIĆ must be treated in an adequate manner. Occurrences: Barmstein Limestone (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (rare), Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (rare). PLATE 3 Dasycladales from the Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous of the Northern Calcareous Alps: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (A–C, D, H), Lärchberg Carbon- ate Platform (E–F), Barmstein Limestone (G, I–J). A–B Linoporella? sp., Mount Plassen, samples PL 80 and PL 73a. C Neoteutloporella socialis (PRATURLON), Mount Trisselwand, sample MT 356. D Neoteutloporella cf. obsoleta (CAROZZI), locality Knallalm, sample MR 111. E–F Neogyroporella? gawlicki SCHLAGINTWEIT, Mount Litzelkogel, sample A 190 and Mount Dietrichorn, sample Die 170–2. G Otternstella lemmensis (BERNIER), Mount Sandling, D 775. H Petrascula bursiformis (ETTALON), Mount Rettenstein, sample Rö 364. I–J Petrascula guembeli BERNIER, Mount Sandling, sample D 190 and Mount Trisselwand, sample MT 855 (R1 to R3 = primary, secondary, tertiary laterals). Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 199 A B C D E F G H I J Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 200 Selliporella neocomiensis (RADOIČIĆ) (Pl. 4, Figs. G–H) Large Dasycladale with stratigraphic importance in the North- ern Calcareous Alps as it is not reported from strata older then the Late Tithonian (BUCUR & SĂSĂRAN, 2003). Previously it has been reported from Mount Sandling by FENNINGER & HOLZER (1972, pl. 18/2); in the Barmstein Limestones the star-shaped sections of the secondary laterals are common in some clasts (SCHLAGINTWEIT & GAW LICK, 2007, for details). Occurrences: Barmstein Li me stone (common). Steinmanniporella svilajaensis (SOKAČ & VELIĆ) (Pl. 5, Figs. D–E) This alga is most typical for the Kimmeridgian external fa- cies of the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform, often associated with corals. Resedimented it occurs also in the proximal Sil- lenkopf Formation (compare Fig. 49/2 in GAWLICK et al., 2009). The species Anthracoporella torinosensis described by ENDO from the Tithonian-Berriasian reefal facies of the Torinosu Limestone of Japan might also belong to the genus Steinmanniporella BUCUR, GRANIER & SCHLAGINT- WEIT, but a species different from S. svilajaensis. Occur- rences: Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (common), Sillen- kopf Formation (rare to common). Suppiluliumaella cf. delphica (CARRAS) (Pl. 4, Figs. I) Rather large Dasycladale originally described as Clypeina? delphica from Kimmeridgian reefal platform margin depos- its of Greece (CARRAS, 1989) trasferrred to the genus Sup- piluliumaella ELLIOTT by SENOWBARI-DARYAN et al. (1994) based on material from the Late Tithonian of Sicily/ Italy. Occurrences: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (rare). Suppiluliumaella? cf. fl orifera (BERNIER) (Pl. 5, Figs. A–B) Reported as Suppiluliumaella tuberifera (SOKAČ & NIK- LER) by DYA (1992) from the Lärchberg Carbonate Plat- form occurring in poorly washed-out carbonates with scat- tered ooids marking a depositional realm at the transition from poorly to well agitated habitats. FENNINGER (1978) reported the species from the Plassen Carbonate Platform s.str. of Mount Trisselwand. Occurrences: Lärchberg Car- bonate Platform (rare), Plassen Carbonate Platform (rare), Barmstein Limestone (rare). Terquemella sp. 1 (Pl. 5, Fig. F) Small representative of Terquemella with low number of cysts, so far only reported from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform. Terquemella sp. 2 aff . concava BERNIER (Pl. 5, Fig. G) Taxon typically for the Upper Tithonian platform margin de- posits (details see in SCHLAGINTWEIT et al., 2005). Triploporella? sp. (Pl. 5, Fig. I) Rare large alga, known only as debris from the Barmstein Limestone. Vermiporella? tenuipora CONRAD (Pl. 5, Figs. J–K) An alga incertae sedis, described originally from the Lower Cretaceous (Urgonian) of Switzerland (CONRAD, 1970); it has been reported later also from Upper Cretaceous strata (RADOIČIĆ, 1972; SCHLAGINTWEIT, 1992). Its strati- graphic range can now be extended into the Tithonian. Oc- currence: only from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (Mts. Dietrichhorn and Lärchberghörndl-Lofer Kalvarienberg). Zergabriella embergeri (BOUROULLEC & DELOFFRE) (Pl. 5, Figs. H) So far only reported from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform (Mount Dietrichshorn: DARGA & SCHLAGINTWEIT, PLATE 4 Dasycladales from the Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous of the Northern Calcareous Alps: Wolfgangsee Carbonate Platform (I), Lärchberg Carbonate Plat- form (A–D, F), Barmstein Limestone (E, G–H, J). A Rajkaella bartheli (BERNIER), Mount Dietrichshorn, sample GAG 29a. B Rajkaella sp., Mount Lärchberghörndl, sample LOF 1. C Salpingoporella aff . dinarica RADOIČIĆ, Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die-170. D Salpingoporella sellii (CRESCENTI), Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die 156. E Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜMBEL), Mount Trisselwand, sample MT 54. F Salpingoporella annulata CAROZZI, Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die 156. G–H Selliporella neocomiensis (RADOIČIĆ), Mount Sandling and Mount Trisselwand, samples D 200 and MT 367. I Suppiluliumaella cf. delphica (CARRAS), Mount Falkenstein, samples UK 61 and UK 13a. J Petrascula guembeli BERNIER, Mount Barmstein, sample B 16. Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 201 A B C D E F G H I J Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 202 PLATE 5: Dasycladales from the Late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous of the Northern Calcareous Alps: Plassen Carbonate Platform s. str. (C, G), Lärchberg Car- bonate Platform (A–B, D–F, H, J–K), Barmstein Limestone (I). A–B Suppiluliumella? cf. fl orifera (BERNIER) in ooidal wacke-/packstone, Mount Lärchberghörndl, sample 7/4 of Dya (1991). C Unknown Dasycladale (Suppiluliumaella? sp.) with three orders of laterals (R1–3 = primary, secondary, tertiary ramifi cations/ laterals), Mount Trisselwand, sample MT 293. D–E Steinmanniporella svilajaensis (SOKAČ & VELIĆ), Mount Gerhardstein, sample DM 75. F Terquemella sp. 1, Mount Litzelkogel, sample A 182. G Terquemella sp. 2 aff . concava BERNIER, Mount Plassen, sample PL 58a. H Zergabriella embergeri (BOUROULLEC & DELOFFRE), Mount Dietrichshorn, sample Die 170. I Triploporella? sp., Mount Ewige Wand, sample E 384. J–K Vermiporella? tenuipora CONRAD, longitu- dinal-tangential and transverse section, sample Die IX-170, Mount Dietrichshorn and sample LOF 6, Mount Lofer Kalvarienberg. A B D EC GF H I J K Felix Schlagintweit: The dasycladalean algae of the Plassen Carbonate Platform (Kimmeridgian-Early Berriasian)... Geologia Croatica 203 1991; Mount Hochkranz: DYA, 1992) where it occurs in the fi nal shallowing upwards-phase with fi ne terrigeneous infl u- ence. For general distribution of this alga see recent synon- ymy provided by GRANIER (2010). Z. embergeri (BOUR- OULLEC & DELOFFRE) is often reported to co-occur with characean algae and can be considered an indicator for brack ish water infl uences (e.g., PEYBERNÈS, 1979; CON- RAD, 1977; WYSSLING, 1986; GRANIER, 1988). Refering to the review of RASSER & FENNINGER (2002), four more taxa, not incorporated into the present work, are listed. These were either incorrectly determined or no proofable evidences for their real occurrence are available or were reported from strata that from a palaeogeographic point of view are totally different from the Plassen Carbo- nate Platform and therefore must be excluded: Salpingoporella grudii RADOIČIĆ: In our opinion, the fi gurations of DYA (1992) from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform rather belong to thallus fragments of Salpingopore- lla annulata CAROZZI, one of the most widespread taxa in the Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu lato (see Tab. 1), ex- hibiting a pronounced distal widening of the laterals. In our own material we fi nd wackestones with abundant specimens of S. annulata CAROZZI where it can be seen, that depend- ing on the distal branch opening/compression, different sec- tions are prevailing some of which could assume to belong to Salpingoporella grudii RADOIČIĆ. However, so far no sections of Salpingoporella grudii RADOIČIĆ with the typ- ical horizontally compressed branches have been fi gured in the Alpine literature. All other citations of Salpingoporella grudii RADOIČIĆ from the Northern Calcareous Alps have not been provided with illustrations (FENNINGER & HOLZ ER, 1972), thus, generally puting some doubt on it, since we have never observed the mentioned taxon in the material investi- gated from various Alpine localities. Actinoporella podolica (ALTH): The fi gurations of Ac- tinoporella podolica (ALTH) given by DYA (1992) in fact belong to Clypeina loferensis a taxon described recently by SCHLAGINTWEIT et al. (2010). The rare other reports of Actinoporella podolica (ALTH) have not been provided with illustrations. For example, the species has been mentioned by FENNINGER (1967) from the type-locality of the Plas- sen Formation; in the framework of detailed recent investiga- tions carried out, this species has not been observed (SCHLAG- INTWEIT et al., 2003, 2005). Again, Clypeina loferensis SCHLAGINTWEIT, DIENI & RADOIČIĆ occurs in the clos ed lagoonal facies at Mount Plassen (Pl. 1, Fig. G). Acicularia elongata CAROZZI: It has been reported by DYA (1992) from the Plassen Carbonate Platform of Mount Untersberg and the Lofer area. However, no illustrations have been provided so that a fi nal evaluation is not possible. According to our own material, the species in question has never been observed in the Plassen Carbonate Platform. Elongated aciculariacean-type sections can be misinterpreted as tangential sections of individual articles of Neoteutlopore- lla socialis (PRATURLON) (SCHLAGINTWEIT, 2010). Pseudocymopolia pluricellata BAKALOVA: The species Pseudocymopolia pluricellata BAKALOVA has been men- tioned by SCHLAGINTWEIT (1991) from Upper Jur assic pebbles resedimented in the Albian-Cenomanian Losenstein Formation of the “Kalkalpine Randzone”. As the source area of these shallow water limestones, an “exotic ridge” situated north of the Northern Calcareous Alps is assumed (e.g., GAUPP, 1983). Thus, it has to be eliminiated from the fl ora list provided by RASSER & FENNINGER (2002) referring to the Plassen Carbonate Platform. Instead, the dasycladales oc- curring in pebbles of the Outer Carpathian Pieniny Klippen Zone (e.g., MISIK & SYKORA, 1981; SOTAK & MISIK, 1993) should be compared directly with tho se from the Losen- stein Formation (GAUPP, 1983; SCHLA G INTWEIT, 1991). Apart from the four mentioned taxa, Salpingoporella enayi BERNIER and Salpingoporella johnsoni DRAGA- STAN, both listed by RASSER & FENNINGER (2002), too, are considered synonyms of Salpingoporella pygmaea (GÜM- BEL) (CARRAS et al., 2006). 4. CONCLUSIONS The Alpine Plassen Carbonate Platform represents a system of several isolated platforms separated by basins. These plat- forms differ in parts in their geometries, sedimentological evolution, subsidence history and faunal and fl oral content. As a consequence of this, the distribution of dasycladalean algae within the Plassen Carbonate Platform is not homoge- neous but shows several peculiarities. The most discrete in- ventory is reported from the Lärchberg Carbonate Platform with its overall terrigeneous input. Also the Barmstein Lime- stone shows independent composition relating to parts of the Plassen Carbonate Platform that have been eroded. The Dasycladalean fl ora known so far consists of 42 (40 when excluding problematic forms Vermiporella? tenuipora and Pseudotrinocladus piae). From these, three taxa are treat ed as gen. et sp. indet.; some of which could represent new species to be described on the basis of more material. The main reason for the comparable rich association of dasycladales is, that there is a multiple change of facies with a great variety of different platform paleoenvironments each with typical algal associations. Furthermore, some typical environments, e.g. reefal and peri-reefal facies, occur twice (Late Kimmeridgian and Latest Tithonian-?earliest Berria- sian). In this case, there are taxa that occur in both reefal in- tervals, others being restricted either to one or the other. The fl ora consists mostly of ubiquistic species and some species that can be considered typical for Southern Tethyan communites such as Salpingoporella sellii (CRESCENTI), Humiella catenaeformis (RADOIČIĆ) or Steinmanniporella svilajaensis (SOKAČ & VELIĆ). The species Neogyro po- rella? gawlicki SCHLAGINTWEIT is so far only reported from the Northern Calcareous Alps, and could therefore rep- resent an endemic taxon. The present study demonstrates that the assessment and analysis of the micropaleontological inventories, exempli- fi ed with dasycladalean algae, can be a helpful palaeogeo- graphical tool to differentiate different Late Jurassic carbon- ate platforms and their resediments in the Northern Calca reous Alps as part of the northwestern Tethyan realm. Geologia Croatica 64/3Geologia Croatica 204 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Without the numerous thin-sections provided by Hans-Jürgen GAW LICK, Sigrid MISSONI and Matthias AUER (Leoben), this work wouldn´t have been possible. 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