id sid tid token lemma pos geusb-8387 1 1 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 1 2 et et PROPN geusb-8387 1 3 al al PROPN geusb-8387 1 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 1 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 1 6 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 1 7 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 1 8 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 1 9 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 1 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 1 11 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 1 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 2 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 2 2 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 2 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 2 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 2 5 research research NOUN geusb-8387 2 6 article article NOUN geusb-8387 2 7 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 2 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 2 9 from from ADP geusb-8387 2 10 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 2 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 2 12 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 2 13 land land NOUN geusb-8387 2 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 15 north north PROPN geusb-8387 2 16 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 2 17 william william PROPN geusb-8387 2 18 colgan1 colgan1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 19 * * PROPN geusb-8387 2 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 21 dominik dominik PROPN geusb-8387 2 22 fahrner1 fahrner1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 24 gregor gregor PROPN geusb-8387 2 25 luetzenburg1 luetzenburg1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 27 anja anja PROPN geusb-8387 2 28 løkkegaard1 løkkegaard1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 30 eva eva PROPN geusb-8387 2 31 bendix bendix PROPN geusb-8387 2 32 nielsen1 nielsen1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 34 penelope penelope PROPN geusb-8387 2 35 how2 how2 PROPN geusb-8387 2 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 37 anja anja PROPN geusb-8387 2 38 rutishauser1 rutishauser1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 39 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 40 anne anne PROPN geusb-8387 2 41 solgaard1 solgaard1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 42 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 43 robert robert PROPN geusb-8387 2 44 s. s. PROPN geusb-8387 2 45 fausto1 fausto1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 46 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 47 kristian kristian PROPN geusb-8387 2 48 k. k. PROPN geusb-8387 2 49 kjeldsen1 kjeldsen1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 50 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 51 christopher christopher PROPN geusb-8387 2 52 shields1 shields1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 53 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 54 henrik henrik PROPN geusb-8387 2 55 spanggård1 spanggård1 PROPN geusb-8387 2 56 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 57 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 2 58 smith3 smith3 PROPN geusb-8387 2 59 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 2 60 joseph joseph PROPN geusb-8387 2 61 a. a. PROPN geusb-8387 2 62 macgregor4 macgregor4 PROPN geusb-8387 2 63 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 3 1 andreas andreas PROPN geusb-8387 3 2 p. p. PROPN geusb-8387 3 3 ahlstrøm1 ahlstrøm1 PROPN geusb-8387 3 4 nanna nanna PROPN geusb-8387 3 5 b. b. PROPN geusb-8387 3 6 karlsson1 karlsson1 PROPN geusb-8387 4 1 1department 1department NUM geusb-8387 4 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 4 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 4 4 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 4 5 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 4 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 7 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 4 8 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 4 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 4 10 denmark denmark NOUN geusb-8387 4 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 4 12 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 4 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 4 14 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 4 15 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 4 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 17 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN geusb-8387 4 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 19 denmark denmark PROPN geusb-8387 4 20 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 4 21 2department 2department NUM geusb-8387 4 22 of of ADP geusb-8387 4 23 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 4 24 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 4 25 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 4 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 27 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 4 28 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 4 29 of of ADP geusb-8387 4 30 denmark denmark NOUN geusb-8387 4 31 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 4 32 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 4 33 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 4 34 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 4 35 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 4 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 37 nuuk nuuk NOUN geusb-8387 4 38 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 39 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 4 40 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 4 41 3polar 3polar NUM geusb-8387 4 42 field field NOUN geusb-8387 4 43 services service NOUN geusb-8387 4 44 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 45 littleton littleton PROPN geusb-8387 4 46 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 47 colorado colorado PROPN geusb-8387 4 48 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 49 usa usa PROPN geusb-8387 4 50 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 4 51 4cryospheric 4cryospheric NUM geusb-8387 4 52 sciences sciences PROPN geusb-8387 4 53 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 4 54 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 55 nasa nasa PROPN geusb-8387 4 56 goddard goddard PROPN geusb-8387 4 57 space space NOUN geusb-8387 4 58 flight flight NOUN geusb-8387 4 59 center center NOUN geusb-8387 4 60 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 61 greenbelt greenbelt PROPN geusb-8387 4 62 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 63 usa usa PROPN geusb-8387 4 64 abstract abstract NOUN geusb-8387 4 65 we we PRON geusb-8387 4 66 examine examine VERB geusb-8387 4 67 the the DET geusb-8387 4 68 feasibility feasibility NOUN geusb-8387 4 69 of of ADP geusb-8387 4 70 an an DET geusb-8387 4 71 overland overland NOUN geusb-8387 4 72 motorised motorise VERB geusb-8387 4 73 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 4 74 from from ADP geusb-8387 4 75 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 4 76 to to ADP geusb-8387 4 77 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 4 78 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 4 79 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 4 80 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 4 81 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 4 82 in in ADP geusb-8387 4 83 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 4 84 land land NOUN geusb-8387 4 85 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 4 86 north north NOUN geusb-8387 4 87 greenland greenland NOUN geusb-8387 4 88 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 5 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 5 2 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 5 3 a a DET geusb-8387 5 4 778 778 NUM geusb-8387 5 5 km km NOUN geusb-8387 5 6 overland overland NOUN geusb-8387 5 7 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 5 8 that that PRON geusb-8387 5 9 departs depart VERB geusb-8387 5 10 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 5 11 via via ADP geusb-8387 5 12 the the DET geusb-8387 5 13 nunatarssuaq nunatarssuaq ADV geusb-8387 5 14 take take VERB geusb-8387 5 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 5 16 off off ADP geusb-8387 5 17 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 5 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 5 19 which which PRON geusb-8387 5 20 is be AUX geusb-8387 5 21 an an DET geusb-8387 5 22 alternative alternative NOUN geusb-8387 5 23 to to ADP geusb-8387 5 24 the the DET geusb-8387 5 25 more more ADV geusb-8387 5 26 frequently frequently ADV geusb-8387 5 27 used use VERB geusb-8387 5 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 5 29 but but CCONJ geusb-8387 5 30 more more ADV geusb-8387 5 31 heavily heavily ADV geusb-8387 5 32 crevassed crevasse VERB geusb-8387 5 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 5 34 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 5 35 take take VERB geusb-8387 5 36 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 5 37 off off ADP geusb-8387 5 38 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 5 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 6 1 the the DET geusb-8387 6 2 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 6 3 route route NOUN geusb-8387 6 4 includes include VERB geusb-8387 6 5 brief brief ADJ geusb-8387 6 6 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 6 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 6 8 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 6 9 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 6 10 road road NOUN geusb-8387 6 11 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 6 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 6 13 each each DET geusb-8387 6 14 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 6 15 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 6 16 % % NOUN geusb-8387 6 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 6 18 the the DET geusb-8387 6 19 route route NOUN geusb-8387 6 20 length length NOUN geusb-8387 6 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 6 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 6 23 a a DET geusb-8387 6 24 lengthy lengthy ADJ geusb-8387 6 25 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 6 26 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 6 27 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 6 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 6 29 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 6 30 92 92 NUM geusb-8387 6 31 % % NOUN geusb-8387 6 32 of of ADP geusb-8387 6 33 the the DET geusb-8387 6 34 route route NOUN geusb-8387 6 35 length length NOUN geusb-8387 6 36 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 6 37 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 7 1 this this DET geusb-8387 7 2 study study NOUN geusb-8387 7 3 outlines outline VERB geusb-8387 7 4 challenges challenge NOUN geusb-8387 7 5 for for ADP geusb-8387 7 6 each each PRON geusb-8387 7 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 7 8 these these DET geusb-8387 7 9 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 7 10 segments segment NOUN geusb-8387 7 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 7 12 including include VERB geusb-8387 7 13 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 7 14 road road NOUN geusb-8387 7 15 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 7 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 7 17 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 7 18 cover cover NOUN geusb-8387 7 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 7 20 seasonality seasonality NOUN geusb-8387 7 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 7 22 extreme extreme ADJ geusb-8387 7 23 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 7 24 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 7 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 7 26 air air NOUN geusb-8387 7 27 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 7 28 below below ADP geusb-8387 7 29 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 7 30 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 7 31 ° ° NUM geusb-8387 7 32 c c NOUN geusb-8387 7 33 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 7 34 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 7 35 seasonality seasonality NOUN geusb-8387 7 36 of of ADP geusb-8387 7 37 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 7 38 melting melting NOUN geusb-8387 7 39 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 7 40 softening soften VERB geusb-8387 7 41 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 7 42 air air NOUN geusb-8387 7 43 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 7 44 above above ADP geusb-8387 7 45 0 0 NUM geusb-8387 7 46 ° ° ADP geusb-8387 7 47 c c NOUN geusb-8387 7 48 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 7 49 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 7 50 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 7 51 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 7 52 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 7 53 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 7 54 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 7 55 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 7 56 ridging ridging NOUN geusb-8387 7 57 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 7 58 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 7 59 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 7 60 dynamics dynamic NOUN geusb-8387 7 61 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 7 62 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 7 63 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 7 64 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 7 65 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 8 1 ongoing ongoing ADJ geusb-8387 8 2 work work NOUN geusb-8387 8 3 is be AUX geusb-8387 8 4 required require VERB geusb-8387 8 5 for for ADP geusb-8387 8 6 annual annual ADJ geusb-8387 8 7 vetting vetting NOUN geusb-8387 8 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 8 9 the the DET geusb-8387 8 10 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 8 11 route route NOUN geusb-8387 8 12 to to PART geusb-8387 8 13 ensure ensure VERB geusb-8387 8 14 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 8 15 safety safety NOUN geusb-8387 8 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 9 1 the the DET geusb-8387 9 2 optimal optimal ADJ geusb-8387 9 3 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 9 4 window window NOUN geusb-8387 9 5 for for ADP geusb-8387 9 6 such such DET geusb-8387 9 7 a a DET geusb-8387 9 8 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 9 9 is be AUX geusb-8387 9 10 departing depart VERB geusb-8387 9 11 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 9 12 in in ADP geusb-8387 9 13 mid mid NOUN geusb-8387 9 14 - - PROPN geusb-8387 9 15 april april PROPN geusb-8387 9 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 9 17 returning return VERB geusb-8387 9 18 in in ADP geusb-8387 9 19 mid mid NOUN geusb-8387 9 20 - - NOUN geusb-8387 9 21 may may NOUN geusb-8387 9 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 10 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 10 2 comparison comparison NOUN geusb-8387 10 3 to to ADP geusb-8387 10 4 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 10 5 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 10 6 supported support VERB geusb-8387 10 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 10 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 10 9 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 10 10 fieldwork fieldwork NOUN geusb-8387 10 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 10 12 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 10 13 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 10 14 offer offer VERB geusb-8387 10 15 the the DET geusb-8387 10 16 opportunity opportunity NOUN geusb-8387 10 17 for for ADP geusb-8387 10 18 more more ADV geusb-8387 10 19 intensive intensive ADJ geusb-8387 10 20 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 10 21 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 10 22 based base VERB geusb-8387 10 23 science science NOUN geusb-8387 10 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 10 25 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 10 26 significantly significantly ADV geusb-8387 10 27 reducing reduce VERB geusb-8387 10 28 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 10 29 emissions emission NOUN geusb-8387 10 30 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 11 1 based base VERB geusb-8387 11 2 on on ADP geusb-8387 11 3 previously previously ADV geusb-8387 11 4 reported report VERB geusb-8387 11 5 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 11 6 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 11 7 consumptions consumption NOUN geusb-8387 11 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 11 9 a a DET geusb-8387 11 10 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 11 11 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 11 12 from from ADP geusb-8387 11 13 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 11 14 to to ADP geusb-8387 11 15 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 11 16 land land NOUN geusb-8387 11 17 would would AUX geusb-8387 11 18 use use VERB geusb-8387 11 19 90 90 NUM geusb-8387 11 20 % % NOUN geusb-8387 11 21 less less ADJ geusb-8387 11 22 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 11 23 than than ADP geusb-8387 11 24 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 11 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 11 26 supported support VERB geusb-8387 11 27 fieldwork fieldwork NOUN geusb-8387 11 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 12 1 this this DET geusb-8387 12 2 assessment assessment NOUN geusb-8387 12 3 underscores underscore VERB geusb-8387 12 4 the the DET geusb-8387 12 5 potential potential NOUN geusb-8387 12 6 for for ADP geusb-8387 12 7 sustainable sustainable ADJ geusb-8387 12 8 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 12 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 12 10 based base VERB geusb-8387 12 11 access access NOUN geusb-8387 12 12 to to ADP geusb-8387 12 13 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 12 14 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 12 15 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 12 16 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 12 17 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 12 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 12 19 other other ADJ geusb-8387 12 20 science science NOUN geusb-8387 12 21 sites site NOUN geusb-8387 12 22 within within ADP geusb-8387 12 23 the the DET geusb-8387 12 24 region region NOUN geusb-8387 12 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 13 1 * * PUNCT geusb-8387 13 2 correspondence correspondence NOUN geusb-8387 13 3 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 4 wic@geus.dk wic@geus.dk PROPN geusb-8387 13 5 received receive VERB geusb-8387 13 6 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 7 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 13 8 dec dec PROPN geusb-8387 13 9 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 13 10 revised revise VERB geusb-8387 13 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 12 23 23 NUM geusb-8387 13 13 may may AUX geusb-8387 13 14 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 13 15 accepted accept VERB geusb-8387 13 16 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 17 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 13 18 jun jun PROPN geusb-8387 13 19 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 13 20 published publish VERB geusb-8387 13 21 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 22 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 13 23 oct oct NOUN geusb-8387 13 24 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 13 25 keywords keyword NOUN geusb-8387 13 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 27 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 13 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 13 29 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 13 30 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 13 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 13 32 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 13 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 13 34 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 13 35 land land NOUN geusb-8387 13 36 abbreviations abbreviation NOUN geusb-8387 13 37 cen cen NOUN geusb-8387 13 38 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 39 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 13 40 century century NOUN geusb-8387 13 41 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 13 42 station station NOUN geusb-8387 13 43 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 13 44 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 13 45 net net NOUN geusb-8387 13 46 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 47 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 13 48 climate climate PROPN geusb-8387 13 49 network network PROPN geusb-8387 13 50 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 13 51 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 52 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 13 53 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 13 54 of of ADP geusb-8387 13 55 denmark denmark NOUN geusb-8387 13 56 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 13 57 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 13 58 hum hum PROPN geusb-8387 13 59 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 60 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 13 61 weather weather PROPN geusb-8387 13 62 station station NOUN geusb-8387 13 63 ngrip ngrip NOUN geusb-8387 13 64 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 65 north north PROPN geusb-8387 13 66 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 13 67 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 13 68 core core PROPN geusb-8387 13 69 project project NOUN geusb-8387 13 70 nsf nsf PROPN geusb-8387 13 71 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 72 national national PROPN geusb-8387 13 73 science science PROPN geusb-8387 13 74 foundation foundation PROPN geusb-8387 13 75 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 13 76 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 77 nunatarssuaq nunatarssuaq ADJ geusb-8387 13 78 take take VERB geusb-8387 13 79 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 13 80 off off ADP geusb-8387 13 81 pdd pdd NOUN geusb-8387 13 82 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 83 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 13 84 degree degree NOUN geusb-8387 13 85 days day NOUN geusb-8387 13 86 promice promice ADV geusb-8387 13 87 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 88 programme programme NOUN geusb-8387 13 89 for for ADP geusb-8387 13 90 the the DET geusb-8387 13 91 monitoring monitoring NOUN geusb-8387 13 92 of of ADP geusb-8387 13 93 the the DET geusb-8387 13 94 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 13 95 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 13 96 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 13 97 thu_l thu_l ADJ geusb-8387 13 98 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 99 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 13 100 lower low ADJ geusb-8387 13 101 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 13 102 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 103 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 13 104 take take VERB geusb-8387 13 105 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 13 106 off off NOUN geusb-8387 13 107 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 13 108 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 109 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 13 110 . . PROPN geusb-8387 13 111 army army PROPN geusb-8387 13 112 corps corps PROPN geusb-8387 13 113 of of ADP geusb-8387 13 114 engineers engineer NOUN geusb-8387 13 115 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 13 116 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 13 117 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 13 118 eissn eissn NOUN geusb-8387 13 119 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 13 120 2597 2597 NUM geusb-8387 13 121 - - SYM geusb-8387 13 122 2154 2154 NUM geusb-8387 13 123 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 13 124 is be AUX geusb-8387 13 125 an an DET geusb-8387 13 126 open open ADJ geusb-8387 13 127 access access NOUN geusb-8387 13 128 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 13 129 peer peer NOUN geusb-8387 13 130 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 13 131 reviewed review VERB geusb-8387 13 132 journal journal NOUN geusb-8387 13 133 published publish VERB geusb-8387 13 134 by by ADP geusb-8387 13 135 the the DET geusb-8387 13 136 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 13 137 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 13 138 of of ADP geusb-8387 13 139 denmark denmark NOUN geusb-8387 13 140 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 13 141 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 13 142 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 13 143 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 13 144 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 13 145 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 14 1 this this DET geusb-8387 14 2 article article NOUN geusb-8387 14 3 is be AUX geusb-8387 14 4 distributed distribute VERB geusb-8387 14 5 under under ADP geusb-8387 14 6 a a DET geusb-8387 14 7 cc cc NOUN geusb-8387 14 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 14 9 by by ADP geusb-8387 14 10 4.0 4.0 NUM geusb-8387 14 11 licence licence NOUN geusb-8387 14 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 14 13 permitting permit VERB geusb-8387 14 14 free free ADJ geusb-8387 14 15 redistribution redistribution NOUN geusb-8387 14 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 14 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 14 18 reproduction reproduction NOUN geusb-8387 14 19 for for ADP geusb-8387 14 20 any any DET geusb-8387 14 21 purpose purpose NOUN geusb-8387 14 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 14 23 even even ADV geusb-8387 14 24 commercial commercial ADJ geusb-8387 14 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 14 26 provided provide VERB geusb-8387 14 27 proper proper ADJ geusb-8387 14 28 citation citation NOUN geusb-8387 14 29 of of ADP geusb-8387 14 30 the the DET geusb-8387 14 31 original original ADJ geusb-8387 14 32 work work NOUN geusb-8387 14 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 15 1 author(s author(s NOUN geusb-8387 15 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 15 3 retain retain VERB geusb-8387 15 4 copyright copyright NOUN geusb-8387 15 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 16 1 edited edit VERB geusb-8387 16 2 by by ADP geusb-8387 16 3 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 16 4 harold harold PROPN geusb-8387 16 5 lovell lovell PROPN geusb-8387 16 6 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 16 7 university university PROPN geusb-8387 16 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 16 9 portsmouth portsmouth PROPN geusb-8387 16 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 16 11 uk uk PROPN geusb-8387 16 12 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 16 13 reviewed review VERB geusb-8387 16 14 by by ADP geusb-8387 16 15 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 16 16 zoe zoe NOUN geusb-8387 16 17 courville courville NOUN geusb-8387 16 18 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 16 19 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 16 20 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 16 21 research research NOUN geusb-8387 16 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 16 23 engineering engineering NOUN geusb-8387 16 24 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 16 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 16 26 usa usa PROPN geusb-8387 16 27 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 16 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 16 29 lenneke lenneke PROPN geusb-8387 16 30 jong jong PROPN geusb-8387 16 31 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 16 32 australian australian ADJ geusb-8387 16 33 antarctic antarctic ADJ geusb-8387 16 34 division division NOUN geusb-8387 16 35 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 16 36 australia australia PROPN geusb-8387 16 37 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 16 38 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 16 39 one one NUM geusb-8387 16 40 anonymous anonymous ADJ geusb-8387 16 41 reviewer reviewer NOUN geusb-8387 16 42 funding funding NOUN geusb-8387 16 43 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 16 44 see see VERB geusb-8387 16 45 page page NOUN geusb-8387 16 46 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 16 47 competing compete VERB geusb-8387 16 48 interests interest NOUN geusb-8387 16 49 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 16 50 see see VERB geusb-8387 16 51 page page NOUN geusb-8387 16 52 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 16 53 additional additional ADJ geusb-8387 16 54 files file NOUN geusb-8387 16 55 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 16 56 see see VERB geusb-8387 16 57 page page NOUN geusb-8387 16 58 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 16 59 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 16 60 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 16 61 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 16 62 ice ice VERB geusb-8387 16 63 outcrop outcrop ADJ geusb-8387 16 64 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 16 65 cores core NOUN geusb-8387 16 66 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 16 67 drilled drill VERB geusb-8387 16 68 vertically vertically ADV geusb-8387 16 69 into into ADP geusb-8387 16 70 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 16 71 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 16 72 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 16 73 sheets sheet NOUN geusb-8387 16 74 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 16 75 glaciers glacier NOUN geusb-8387 16 76 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 16 77 have have AUX geusb-8387 16 78 provided provide VERB geusb-8387 16 79 valuable valuable ADJ geusb-8387 16 80 information information NOUN geusb-8387 16 81 on on ADP geusb-8387 16 82 past past ADJ geusb-8387 16 83 climates climate NOUN geusb-8387 16 84 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 16 85 jouzel jouzel PROPN geusb-8387 16 86 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 16 87 masson masson PROPN geusb-8387 16 88 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 16 89 delmotte delmotte NOUN geusb-8387 16 90 2010 2010 NUM geusb-8387 16 91 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 16 92 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 17 1 retrieving retrieve VERB geusb-8387 17 2 precious precious ADJ geusb-8387 17 3 ancient ancient ADJ geusb-8387 17 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 17 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 17 6 however however ADV geusb-8387 17 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 17 8 comes come VERB geusb-8387 17 9 at at ADP geusb-8387 17 10 great great ADJ geusb-8387 17 11 cost cost NOUN geusb-8387 17 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 17 13 typically typically ADV geusb-8387 17 14 takes take VERB geusb-8387 17 15 several several ADJ geusb-8387 17 16 years year NOUN geusb-8387 17 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 18 1 collecting collect VERB geusb-8387 18 2 so so ADV geusb-8387 18 3 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 18 4 called call VERB geusb-8387 18 5 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 18 6 horizontal horizontal ADJ geusb-8387 18 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 18 8 cores core NOUN geusb-8387 18 9 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 18 10 seeks seek VERB geusb-8387 18 11 to to PART geusb-8387 18 12 make make VERB geusb-8387 18 13 use use NOUN geusb-8387 18 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 18 15 the the DET geusb-8387 18 16 fact fact NOUN geusb-8387 18 17 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 18 18 ancient ancient ADJ geusb-8387 18 19 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 18 20 can can AUX geusb-8387 18 21 also also ADV geusb-8387 18 22 resurface resurface VERB geusb-8387 18 23 at at ADP geusb-8387 18 24 land land NOUN geusb-8387 18 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 18 26 terminating terminate VERB geusb-8387 18 27 margins margin NOUN geusb-8387 18 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 19 1 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 19 2 this this DET geusb-8387 19 3 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 19 4 has have AUX geusb-8387 19 5 long long ADV geusb-8387 19 6 offered offer VERB geusb-8387 19 7 the the DET geusb-8387 19 8 tantalising tantalising ADJ geusb-8387 19 9 possibility possibility NOUN geusb-8387 19 10 to to PART geusb-8387 19 11 recover recover VERB geusb-8387 19 12 nearly nearly ADV geusb-8387 19 13 unlimited unlimited ADJ geusb-8387 19 14 volumes volume NOUN geusb-8387 19 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 19 16 paleo paleo ADJ geusb-8387 19 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 19 18 of of ADP geusb-8387 19 19 a a DET geusb-8387 19 20 desired desire VERB geusb-8387 19 21 age age NOUN geusb-8387 19 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 19 23 reliably reliably ADV geusb-8387 19 24 assessing assess VERB geusb-8387 19 25 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 19 26 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 19 27 age age NOUN geusb-8387 19 28 has have AUX geusb-8387 19 29 been be AUX geusb-8387 19 30 a a DET geusb-8387 19 31 tremendous tremendous ADJ geusb-8387 19 32 practical practical ADJ geusb-8387 19 33 challenge challenge NOUN geusb-8387 19 34 to to ADP geusb-8387 19 35 such such ADJ geusb-8387 19 36 efforts effort NOUN geusb-8387 19 37 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 19 38 reeh reeh VERB geusb-8387 19 39 et et PROPN geusb-8387 19 40     SPACE geusb-8387 19 41 al al PROPN geusb-8387 19 42 . . PROPN geusb-8387 19 43 2002 2002 NUM geusb-8387 19 44 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 19 45 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 20 1 the the DET geusb-8387 20 2 few few ADJ geusb-8387 20 3 attempts attempt NOUN geusb-8387 20 4 to to PART geusb-8387 20 5 collect collect VERB geusb-8387 20 6 horizontal horizontal ADJ geusb-8387 20 7 chronologies chronology NOUN geusb-8387 20 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 20 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 20 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 20 11 however however ADV geusb-8387 20 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 20 13 have have AUX geusb-8387 20 14 benefited benefit VERB geusb-8387 20 15 from from ADP geusb-8387 20 16 more more ADV geusb-8387 20 17 detailed detailed ADJ geusb-8387 20 18 analyses analysis NOUN geusb-8387 20 19 than than SCONJ geusb-8387 20 20 are be AUX geusb-8387 20 21 possible possible ADJ geusb-8387 20 22 with with ADP geusb-8387 20 23 volume volume NOUN geusb-8387 20 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 20 25 limited limit VERB geusb-8387 20 26 conventional conventional ADJ geusb-8387 20 27 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 20 28 core core NOUN geusb-8387 20 29 samples sample NOUN geusb-8387 20 30 recovered recover VERB geusb-8387 20 31 from from ADP geusb-8387 20 32 depth depth NOUN geusb-8387 20 33 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 20 34 petrenko petrenko NOUN geusb-8387 20 35 et et PROPN geusb-8387 20 36     SPACE geusb-8387 20 37 al al PROPN geusb-8387 20 38 . . PROPN geusb-8387 20 39 2006 2006 NUM geusb-8387 20 40 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 20 41 kurbatov kurbatov PROPN geusb-8387 20 42 et et PROPN geusb-8387 20 43     SPACE geusb-8387 20 44 al al PROPN geusb-8387 20 45 . . PROPN geusb-8387 20 46 2010 2010 NUM geusb-8387 20 47 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 20 48 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 21 1 the the DET geusb-8387 21 2 age age NOUN geusb-8387 21 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 21 4 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 21 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 21 6 last last ADJ geusb-8387 21 7 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 21 8 period period NOUN geusb-8387 21 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 21 10 outcropping outcropping NOUN geusb-8387 21 11 from from ADP geusb-8387 21 12 the the DET geusb-8387 21 13 icesheet icesheet PROPN geusb-8387 21 14 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 21 15 area area NOUN geusb-8387 21 16 has have AUX geusb-8387 21 17 recently recently ADV geusb-8387 21 18 been be AUX geusb-8387 21 19 mapped map VERB geusb-8387 21 20 in in ADP geusb-8387 21 21 north north PROPN geusb-8387 21 22 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 21 23 using use VERB geusb-8387 21 24 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 21 25 spectrum spectrum NOUN geusb-8387 21 26 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 21 27 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 21 28 linked link VERB geusb-8387 21 29 to to ADP geusb-8387 21 30 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 21 31 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 21 32 core core NOUN geusb-8387 21 33 stratigraphy stratigraphy NOUN geusb-8387 21 34 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 21 35 chronology chronology NOUN geusb-8387 21 36 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 21 37 macgregor macgregor PROPN geusb-8387 21 38 et et PROPN geusb-8387 21 39     SPACE geusb-8387 21 40 al al PROPN geusb-8387 21 41 . . PROPN geusb-8387 21 42 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 21 43 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 21 44 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 22 1 alternating alternate VERB geusb-8387 22 2 light light NOUN geusb-8387 22 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 22 4 dark dark ADJ geusb-8387 22 5 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 22 6 within within ADP geusb-8387 22 7 this this DET geusb-8387 22 8 last last ADJ geusb-8387 22 9 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 22 10 period period NOUN geusb-8387 22 11 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 22 12 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 22 13 correlate correlate VERB geusb-8387 22 14 with with ADP geusb-8387 22 15 periods period NOUN geusb-8387 22 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 22 17 higher high ADJ geusb-8387 22 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 22 19 lower low ADJ geusb-8387 22 20 dust dust NOUN geusb-8387 22 21 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 22 22 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6334-1660 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6334-1660 PROPN geusb-8387 22 23 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7895-1557 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7895-1557 PROPN geusb-8387 22 24 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-7572 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-7572 PROPN geusb-8387 22 25 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1947-5773 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1947-5773 NOUN geusb-8387 22 26 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-6675 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-6675 VERB geusb-8387 23 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8088-8497 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8088-8497 INTJ geusb-8387 23 2 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-8014 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-8014 PROPN geusb-8387 23 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8693-620x https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8693-620x PROPN geusb-8387 23 4 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-8185 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-8185 PROPN geusb-8387 23 5 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-5131 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-5131 INTJ geusb-8387 23 6 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5517-2235 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5517-2235 PROPN geusb-8387 23 7 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-8070 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-8070 PROPN geusb-8387 23 8 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-8705 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-8705 PROPN geusb-8387 23 9 mailto:wic@geus.dk mailto:wic@geus.dk PROPN geusb-8387 23 10 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ast https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ast VERB geusb-8387 23 11 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 23 12 et et PROPN geusb-8387 23 13 al al PROPN geusb-8387 23 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 23 15 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 23 16 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 23 17 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 23 18 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 23 19 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 23 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 23 21 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 23 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 24 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 24 2 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 24 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 24 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 24 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NOUN geusb-8387 24 6 concentration concentration NOUN geusb-8387 24 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 24 8 the the DET geusb-8387 24 9 north north PROPN geusb-8387 24 10 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 24 11 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 24 12 core core NOUN geusb-8387 24 13 project project NOUN geusb-8387 24 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 24 15 ngrip ngrip NOUN geusb-8387 24 16 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 24 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 24 18 core core NOUN geusb-8387 24 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 25 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 25 2 reflects reflect VERB geusb-8387 25 3 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 25 4 stadials stadial NOUN geusb-8387 25 5 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 25 6 interstadials interstadial NOUN geusb-8387 25 7 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 25 8 with with ADP geusb-8387 25 9 dansgaard dansgaard NOUN geusb-8387 25 10 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 25 11 oeschger oeschger NOUN geusb-8387 25 12 events event NOUN geusb-8387 25 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 26 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 26 2 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 26 3 land land NOUN geusb-8387 26 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 26 5 north north NOUN geusb-8387 26 6 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 26 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 26 8 the the DET geusb-8387 26 9 alternating alternate VERB geusb-8387 26 10 light light NOUN geusb-8387 26 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 26 12 dark dark ADJ geusb-8387 26 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 26 14 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 26 15 allow allow VERB geusb-8387 26 16 the the DET geusb-8387 26 17 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 26 18 area area NOUN geusb-8387 26 19 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 26 20 to to PART geusb-8387 26 21 be be AUX geusb-8387 26 22 potentially potentially ADV geusb-8387 26 23 mapped map VERB geusb-8387 26 24 to to ADP geusb-8387 26 25 at at ADV geusb-8387 26 26 least least ADV geusb-8387 26 27 48 48 NUM geusb-8387 26 28     SPACE geusb-8387 26 29 000 000 NUM geusb-8387 26 30 years year NOUN geusb-8387 26 31 before before ADP geusb-8387 26 32 the the DET geusb-8387 26 33 present present ADJ geusb-8387 26 34 time time NOUN geusb-8387 26 35 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 26 36 macgregor macgregor PROPN geusb-8387 26 37 et et PROPN geusb-8387 26 38     SPACE geusb-8387 26 39 al al PROPN geusb-8387 26 40 . . PROPN geusb-8387 26 41 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 26 42 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 26 43 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 27 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 27 2 makes make VERB geusb-8387 27 3 the the DET geusb-8387 27 4 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 27 5 land land NOUN geusb-8387 27 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 27 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 27 8 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 27 9 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 27 10 area area NOUN geusb-8387 27 11 a a DET geusb-8387 27 12 high high ADJ geusb-8387 27 13 priority priority NOUN geusb-8387 27 14 target target NOUN geusb-8387 27 15 for for ADP geusb-8387 27 16 paleoclimatic paleoclimatic ADJ geusb-8387 27 17 sampling sampling NOUN geusb-8387 27 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 28 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 28 2 describe describe VERB geusb-8387 28 3 general general ADJ geusb-8387 28 4 science science NOUN geusb-8387 28 5 plans plan NOUN geusb-8387 28 6 for for ADP geusb-8387 28 7 the the DET geusb-8387 28 8 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 28 9 land land NOUN geusb-8387 28 10 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 28 11 area area NOUN geusb-8387 28 12 towards towards ADP geusb-8387 28 13 the the DET geusb-8387 28 14 end end NOUN geusb-8387 28 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 28 16 this this DET geusb-8387 28 17 report report NOUN geusb-8387 28 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 29 1 the the DET geusb-8387 29 2 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 29 3 land land NOUN geusb-8387 29 4 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 29 5 area area NOUN geusb-8387 29 6 containing contain VERB geusb-8387 29 7 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 29 8 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 29 9 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 29 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 29 11 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 29 12 is be AUX geusb-8387 29 13 located locate VERB geusb-8387 29 14 between between ADP geusb-8387 29 15 sermeq sermeq PROPN geusb-8387 29 16 konrad konrad PROPN geusb-8387 29 17 steffen steffen PROPN geusb-8387 29 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 29 19 sermeq sermeq PROPN geusb-8387 29 20 niels niels PROPN geusb-8387 29 21 reeh reeh PROPN geusb-8387 29 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 30 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 30 2 is be AUX geusb-8387 30 3 an an DET geusb-8387 30 4 exceptionally exceptionally ADV geusb-8387 30 5 logistically logistically ADV geusb-8387 30 6 challenging challenging ADJ geusb-8387 30 7 location location NOUN geusb-8387 30 8 to to PART geusb-8387 30 9 reach reach VERB geusb-8387 30 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 31 1 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 31 2 knud knud PROPN geusb-8387 31 3 rasmussen rasmussen PROPN geusb-8387 31 4 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 31 5 second second ADJ geusb-8387 31 6 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 31 7 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 31 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 31 9 1917–1918 1917–1918 NUM geusb-8387 31 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 31 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 31 12 svend svend PROPN geusb-8387 31 13 lauge lauge PROPN geusb-8387 31 14 koch koch PROPN geusb-8387 31 15 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 31 16 bicentenary bicentenary PROPN geusb-8387 31 17 jubilee jubilee PROPN geusb-8387 31 18 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 31 19 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 31 20 1920–1923 1920–1923 NUM geusb-8387 31 21 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 31 22 both both PRON geusb-8387 31 23 crossed cross VERB geusb-8387 31 24 the the DET geusb-8387 31 25 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 31 26 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 31 27 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 31 28 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 31 29 area area NOUN geusb-8387 31 30 in in ADP geusb-8387 31 31 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 31 32 land land NOUN geusb-8387 31 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 31 34 only only ADV geusb-8387 31 35 one one NUM geusb-8387 31 36 modern modern ADJ geusb-8387 31 37 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 31 38 party party NOUN geusb-8387 31 39 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 31 40 a a DET geusb-8387 31 41 1984 1984 NUM geusb-8387 31 42 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 31 43 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 31 44 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 31 45 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 31 46 of of ADP geusb-8387 31 47 denmark denmark NOUN geusb-8387 31 48 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 31 49 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 31 50 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 31 51 team team NOUN geusb-8387 31 52 led lead VERB geusb-8387 31 53 by by ADP geusb-8387 31 54 niels niels PROPN geusb-8387 31 55 henriksen henriksen PROPN geusb-8387 31 56 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 31 57 has have AUX geusb-8387 31 58 undertaken undertake VERB geusb-8387 31 59 glaciological glaciological ADJ geusb-8387 31 60 investigations investigation NOUN geusb-8387 31 61 there there ADV geusb-8387 31 62 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 31 63 henriksen henriksen PROPN geusb-8387 31 64 et et PROPN geusb-8387 31 65     SPACE geusb-8387 31 66 al al PROPN geusb-8387 31 67 . . PROPN geusb-8387 31 68 2009 2009 NUM geusb-8387 31 69 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 31 70 dawes dawe NOUN geusb-8387 31 71 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 31 72 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 31 73 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 32 1 located locate VERB geusb-8387 32 2 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 32 3 530 530 NUM geusb-8387 32 4 km km NOUN geusb-8387 32 5 from from ADP geusb-8387 32 6 the the DET geusb-8387 32 7 airport airport NOUN geusb-8387 32 8 at at ADP geusb-8387 32 9 qaanaaq qaanaaq NOUN geusb-8387 32 10 to to ADP geusb-8387 32 11 the the DET geusb-8387 32 12 south south NOUN geusb-8387 32 13 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 32 14 west west PROPN geusb-8387 32 15 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 32 16 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 32 17 580 580 NUM geusb-8387 32 18 km km NOUN geusb-8387 32 19 from from ADP geusb-8387 32 20 the the DET geusb-8387 32 21 airport airport NOUN geusb-8387 32 22 at at ADP geusb-8387 32 23 station station NOUN geusb-8387 32 24 nord nord PROPN geusb-8387 32 25 to to ADP geusb-8387 32 26 the the DET geusb-8387 32 27 east east NOUN geusb-8387 32 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 32 29 the the DET geusb-8387 32 30 site site NOUN geusb-8387 32 31 is be AUX geusb-8387 32 32 difficult difficult ADJ geusb-8387 32 33 to to PART geusb-8387 32 34 reach reach VERB geusb-8387 32 35 by by ADP geusb-8387 32 36 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 32 37 due due ADP geusb-8387 32 38 to to ADP geusb-8387 32 39 the the DET geusb-8387 32 40 long long ADJ geusb-8387 32 41 distances distance NOUN geusb-8387 32 42 over over ADP geusb-8387 32 43 which which PRON geusb-8387 32 44 aircrafts aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 32 45 must must AUX geusb-8387 32 46 carry carry VERB geusb-8387 32 47 their their PRON geusb-8387 32 48 own own ADJ geusb-8387 32 49 return return NOUN geusb-8387 32 50 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 32 51 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 33 1 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 33 2 logistics logistic NOUN geusb-8387 33 3 are be AUX geusb-8387 33 4 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 33 5 poorly poorly ADV geusb-8387 33 6 suited suit VERB geusb-8387 33 7 for for ADP geusb-8387 33 8 sustaining sustain VERB geusb-8387 33 9 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 33 10 investigations investigation NOUN geusb-8387 33 11 at at ADP geusb-8387 33 12 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 33 13 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 33 14 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 33 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 33 16 crop crop NOUN geusb-8387 33 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 34 1 motorised motorise VERB geusb-8387 34 2 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 34 3 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 34 4 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 34 5 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 34 6 an an DET geusb-8387 34 7 alternative alternative NOUN geusb-8387 34 8 to to ADP geusb-8387 34 9 using use VERB geusb-8387 34 10 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 34 11 is be AUX geusb-8387 34 12 using use VERB geusb-8387 34 13 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 34 14 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 34 15 for for ADP geusb-8387 34 16 overland overland NOUN geusb-8387 34 17 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 34 18 on on ADP geusb-8387 34 19 the the DET geusb-8387 34 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 34 21 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 34 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 34 23 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 34 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 35 1 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 35 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 35 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 36 1 between between ADP geusb-8387 36 2 1959 1959 NUM geusb-8387 36 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 36 4 1967 1967 NUM geusb-8387 36 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 36 6 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 36 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 36 8 the the DET geusb-8387 36 9 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 36 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 36 11 army army PROPN geusb-8387 36 12 corps corps PROPN geusb-8387 36 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 36 14 engineers engineer NOUN geusb-8387 36 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 36 16 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 36 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 36 18 regularly regularly ADV geusb-8387 36 19 departed depart VERB geusb-8387 36 20 the the DET geusb-8387 36 21 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 36 22 space space NOUN geusb-8387 36 23 base base NOUN geusb-8387 36 24 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 36 25 formerly formerly ADV geusb-8387 36 26 thule thule ADJ geusb-8387 36 27 air air NOUN geusb-8387 36 28 base base NOUN geusb-8387 36 29 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 36 30 to to PART geusb-8387 36 31 support support VERB geusb-8387 36 32 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 36 33 century century NOUN geusb-8387 36 34 inland inland ADV geusb-8387 36 35 on on ADP geusb-8387 36 36 the the DET geusb-8387 36 37 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 36 38 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 36 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 37 1 these these DET geusb-8387 37 2 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 37 3 primarily primarily ADV geusb-8387 37 4 ascended ascend VERB geusb-8387 37 5 the the DET geusb-8387 37 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 37 7 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 37 8 at at ADP geusb-8387 37 9 thule thule ADJ geusb-8387 37 10 take take VERB geusb-8387 37 11 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 37 12 off off NOUN geusb-8387 37 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 37 14 tuto tuto NOUN geusb-8387 37 15 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 37 16 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 37 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 37 18 south south ADV geusb-8387 37 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 37 20 pituffik pituffik PROPN geusb-8387 37 21 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 37 22 davis davis PROPN geusb-8387 37 23 1967 1967 NUM geusb-8387 37 24 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 37 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 38 1 between between ADP geusb-8387 38 2 2008 2008 NUM geusb-8387 38 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 38 4 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 38 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 38 6 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 38 7 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 38 8 was be AUX geusb-8387 38 9 utilised utilise VERB geusb-8387 38 10 by by ADP geusb-8387 38 11 the the DET geusb-8387 38 12 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 38 13 . . PROPN geusb-8387 38 14 national national PROPN geusb-8387 38 15 science science PROPN geusb-8387 38 16 foundation foundation PROPN geusb-8387 38 17 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 38 18 nsf nsf NOUN geusb-8387 38 19 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 38 20 to to PART geusb-8387 38 21 operate operate VERB geusb-8387 38 22 2200 2200 NUM geusb-8387 38 23 km km NOUN geusb-8387 38 24 round round ADJ geusb-8387 38 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 38 26 trip trip NOUN geusb-8387 38 27 resupply resupply NOUN geusb-8387 38 28 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 38 29 between between ADP geusb-8387 38 30 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 38 31 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 38 32 summit summit NOUN geusb-8387 38 33 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 38 34 lever lever PROPN geusb-8387 38 35 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 38 36 weale weale PROPN geusb-8387 38 37 2011 2011 NUM geusb-8387 38 38 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 38 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 39 1 recent recent ADJ geusb-8387 39 2 increases increase NOUN geusb-8387 39 3 in in ADP geusb-8387 39 4 crevasse crevasse ADJ geusb-8387 39 5 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 39 6 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 39 7 40–45 40–45 NUM geusb-8387 39 8 km km VERB geusb-8387 39 9 inland inland ADV geusb-8387 39 10 from from ADP geusb-8387 39 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 39 12 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 39 13 have have AUX geusb-8387 39 14 effectively effectively ADV geusb-8387 39 15 ended end VERB geusb-8387 39 16 the the DET geusb-8387 39 17 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 39 18 use use NOUN geusb-8387 39 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 39 20 this this DET geusb-8387 39 21 route route NOUN geusb-8387 39 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 40 1 this this DET geusb-8387 40 2 inland inland PROPN geusb-8387 40 3 crevasse crevasse ADJ geusb-8387 40 4 area area NOUN geusb-8387 40 5 is be AUX geusb-8387 40 6 located locate VERB geusb-8387 40 7 where where SCONJ geusb-8387 40 8 the the DET geusb-8387 40 9 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 40 10 route route NOUN geusb-8387 40 11 follows follow VERB geusb-8387 40 12 along along ADP geusb-8387 40 13 a a DET geusb-8387 40 14 relatively relatively ADV geusb-8387 40 15 narrow narrow ADJ geusb-8387 40 16 local local ADJ geusb-8387 40 17 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 40 18 divide divide NOUN geusb-8387 40 19 between between ADP geusb-8387 40 20 ullip ullip NOUN geusb-8387 40 21 sermia sermia PROPN geusb-8387 40 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 40 23 harald harald PROPN geusb-8387 40 24 moltke moltke NOUN geusb-8387 40 25 bræ bræ ADV geusb-8387 40 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 40 27 flowing flow VERB geusb-8387 40 28 into into ADP geusb-8387 40 29 uummannap uummannap NOUN geusb-8387 40 30 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 40 31 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 40 32 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 40 33 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 40 34 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 40 35 to to ADP geusb-8387 40 36 the the DET geusb-8387 40 37 north north NOUN geusb-8387 40 38 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 40 39 a a DET geusb-8387 40 40 family family NOUN geusb-8387 40 41 of of ADP geusb-8387 40 42 tidewater tidewater NOUN geusb-8387 40 43 glaciers glacier NOUN geusb-8387 40 44 draining drain VERB geusb-8387 40 45 into into ADP geusb-8387 40 46 puisillip puisillip NOUN geusb-8387 40 47 kangerlua kangerlua NOUN geusb-8387 40 48 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 40 49 de de X geusb-8387 40 50 dødes døde NOUN geusb-8387 40 51 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 40 52 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 40 53 to to ADP geusb-8387 40 54 the the DET geusb-8387 40 55 south south NOUN geusb-8387 40 56 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 41 1 before before ADP geusb-8387 41 2 selecting select VERB geusb-8387 41 3 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 41 4 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 41 5 as as ADP geusb-8387 41 6 the the DET geusb-8387 41 7 primary primary ADJ geusb-8387 41 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 41 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 41 10 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 41 11 ascent ascent NOUN geusb-8387 41 12 to to ADP geusb-8387 41 13 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 41 14 century century NOUN geusb-8387 41 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 41 16 the the DET geusb-8387 41 17 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 41 18 also also ADV geusb-8387 41 19 trialled trialle VERB geusb-8387 41 20 ascending ascend VERB geusb-8387 41 21 the the DET geusb-8387 41 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 41 23 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 41 24 at at ADP geusb-8387 41 25 nunatarssuaq nunatarssuaq ADJ geusb-8387 41 26 take take VERB geusb-8387 41 27 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 41 28 off off NOUN geusb-8387 41 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 41 30 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 41 31 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 41 32 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 41 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 41 34 on on ADP geusb-8387 41 35 the the DET geusb-8387 41 36 north north NOUN geusb-8387 41 37 side side NOUN geusb-8387 41 38 of of ADP geusb-8387 41 39 uummannap uummannap PROPN geusb-8387 41 40 kangerlua kangerlua NOUN geusb-8387 41 41 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 41 42 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 41 43 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 41 44 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 41 45 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 41 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 42 1 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 42 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 42 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 43 1 this this DET geusb-8387 43 2 land land NOUN geusb-8387 43 3 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 43 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 43 5 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 43 6 had have AUX geusb-8387 43 7 been be AUX geusb-8387 43 8 previously previously ADV geusb-8387 43 9 used use VERB geusb-8387 43 10 by by ADP geusb-8387 43 11 the the DET geusb-8387 43 12 british british PROPN geusb-8387 43 13 north north PROPN geusb-8387 43 14 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 43 15 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 43 16 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 43 17 hamilton hamilton PROPN geusb-8387 43 18 et et PROPN geusb-8387 43 19     SPACE geusb-8387 43 20 al al PROPN geusb-8387 43 21 . . PROPN geusb-8387 43 22 1956 1956 NUM geusb-8387 43 23 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 43 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 44 1 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 44 2 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 44 3 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 44 4 was be AUX geusb-8387 44 5 located locate VERB geusb-8387 44 6 at at ADP geusb-8387 44 7 an an DET geusb-8387 44 8 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 44 9 similar similar ADJ geusb-8387 44 10 to to ADP geusb-8387 44 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 44 12 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 44 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 44 14 the the DET geusb-8387 44 15 steeper steep ADJ geusb-8387 44 16 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 44 17 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 44 18 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 44 19 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 44 20 there there ADV geusb-8387 44 21 presented present VERB geusb-8387 44 22 a a DET geusb-8387 44 23 shorter short ADJ geusb-8387 44 24 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 44 25 area area NOUN geusb-8387 44 26 to to PART geusb-8387 44 27 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 44 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 45 1 the the DET geusb-8387 45 2 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 45 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 45 4 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 45 5 icesheet icesheet NOUN geusb-8387 45 6 ascents ascent NOUN geusb-8387 45 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 45 8 after after ADP geusb-8387 45 9 differing differ VERB geusb-8387 45 10 lengths length NOUN geusb-8387 45 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 45 12 over over ADP geusb-8387 45 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 45 14 travel travel NOUN geusb-8387 45 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 45 16 converged converge VERB geusb-8387 45 17 at at ADP geusb-8387 45 18 ~1200 ~1200 NUM geusb-8387 45 19 m m NOUN geusb-8387 45 20 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 45 21 on on ADP geusb-8387 45 22 the the DET geusb-8387 45 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 45 24 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 45 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 45 26 at at ADP geusb-8387 45 27 a a DET geusb-8387 45 28 site site NOUN geusb-8387 45 29 named name VERB geusb-8387 45 30 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 45 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 46 1 the the DET geusb-8387 46 2 seasonal seasonal ADJ geusb-8387 46 3 constraint constraint NOUN geusb-8387 46 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 46 5 crossing cross VERB geusb-8387 46 6 the the DET geusb-8387 46 7 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 46 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 46 9 from from ADP geusb-8387 46 10 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 46 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 46 12 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 46 13 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 46 14 ultimately ultimately ADV geusb-8387 46 15 compelled compel VERB geusb-8387 46 16 the the DET geusb-8387 46 17 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 46 18 to to PART geusb-8387 46 19 construct construct VERB geusb-8387 46 20 a a DET geusb-8387 46 21 gravel gravel NOUN geusb-8387 46 22 road road NOUN geusb-8387 46 23 across across ADP geusb-8387 46 24 the the DET geusb-8387 46 25 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 46 26 area area NOUN geusb-8387 46 27 at at ADP geusb-8387 46 28 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 46 29 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 46 30 to to PART geusb-8387 46 31 permit permit VERB geusb-8387 46 32 year year NOUN geusb-8387 46 33 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 46 34 round round NOUN geusb-8387 46 35 icesheet icesheet NOUN geusb-8387 46 36 access access NOUN geusb-8387 46 37 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 47 1 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 47 2 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 47 3 has have AUX geusb-8387 47 4 fallen fall VERB geusb-8387 47 5 almost almost ADV geusb-8387 47 6 entirely entirely ADV geusb-8387 47 7 out out ADP geusb-8387 47 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 47 9 use use NOUN geusb-8387 47 10 since since SCONJ geusb-8387 47 11 that that DET geusb-8387 47 12 time time NOUN geusb-8387 47 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 48 1 during during ADP geusb-8387 48 2 the the DET geusb-8387 48 3 1950s 1950 NOUN geusb-8387 48 4 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 48 5 1960s 1960 NOUN geusb-8387 48 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 48 7 the the DET geusb-8387 48 8 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 48 9 also also ADV geusb-8387 48 10 performed perform VERB geusb-8387 48 11 extensive extensive ADJ geusb-8387 48 12 testing testing NOUN geusb-8387 48 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 48 14 the the DET geusb-8387 48 15 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 48 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 48 17 different different ADJ geusb-8387 48 18 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 48 19 types type NOUN geusb-8387 48 20 on on ADP geusb-8387 48 21 the the DET geusb-8387 48 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 48 23 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 48 24 in in ADP geusb-8387 48 25 north north NOUN geusb-8387 48 26 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 48 27 west west PROPN geusb-8387 48 28 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 48 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 48 30 nuttall nuttall PROPN geusb-8387 48 31 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 48 32 finelli finelli PROPN geusb-8387 48 33 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 48 34 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 48 35 rula rula PROPN geusb-8387 48 36 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 48 37 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 48 38 mellor mellor PROPN geusb-8387 48 39 1963 1963 NUM geusb-8387 48 40 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 48 41 schreiner schreiner NOUN geusb-8387 48 42 1965 1965 NUM geusb-8387 48 43 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 48 44 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 49 1 this this DET geusb-8387 49 2 testing testing NOUN geusb-8387 49 3 provides provide VERB geusb-8387 49 4 a a DET geusb-8387 49 5 wealth wealth NOUN geusb-8387 49 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 49 7 information information NOUN geusb-8387 49 8 that that PRON geusb-8387 49 9 continues continue VERB geusb-8387 49 10 to to PART geusb-8387 49 11 be be AUX geusb-8387 49 12 relevant relevant ADJ geusb-8387 49 13 today today NOUN geusb-8387 49 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 50 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 50 2 these these DET geusb-8387 50 3 investigations investigation NOUN geusb-8387 50 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 50 5 the the DET geusb-8387 50 6 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 50 7 clearly clearly ADV geusb-8387 50 8 identified identify VERB geusb-8387 50 9 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 50 10 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 50 11 performance performance NOUN geusb-8387 50 12 is be AUX geusb-8387 50 13 dependent dependent ADJ geusb-8387 50 14 on on ADP geusb-8387 50 15 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 50 16 type type NOUN geusb-8387 50 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 50 18 wetness wetness NOUN geusb-8387 50 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 50 20 with with ADP geusb-8387 50 21 all all DET geusb-8387 50 22 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 50 23 performing perform VERB geusb-8387 50 24 best well ADV geusb-8387 50 25 on on ADP geusb-8387 50 26 dry dry ADJ geusb-8387 50 27 fine fine ADV geusb-8387 50 28 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 50 29 grained grain VERB geusb-8387 50 30 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 50 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 51 1 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 51 2 wheeled wheeled ADJ geusb-8387 51 3 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 51 4 perform perform VERB geusb-8387 51 5 adequately adequately ADV geusb-8387 51 6 in in ADP geusb-8387 51 7 the the DET geusb-8387 51 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 51 9 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 51 10 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 51 11 interior interior ADJ geusb-8387 51 12 accumulation accumulation NOUN geusb-8387 51 13 area area NOUN geusb-8387 51 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 51 15 tracked track VERB geusb-8387 51 16 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 51 17 consistently consistently ADV geusb-8387 51 18 outperformed outperform VERB geusb-8387 51 19 wheeled wheeled ADJ geusb-8387 51 20 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 51 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 51 22 especially especially ADV geusb-8387 51 23 when when SCONJ geusb-8387 51 24 the the DET geusb-8387 51 25 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 51 26 is be AUX geusb-8387 51 27 either either CCONJ geusb-8387 51 28 deep deep ADJ geusb-8387 51 29 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 51 30 soft soft ADJ geusb-8387 51 31 or or CCONJ geusb-8387 51 32 wet wet ADJ geusb-8387 51 33 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 51 34 saturated saturate VERB geusb-8387 51 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 52 1 the the DET geusb-8387 52 2 usace usace PROPN geusb-8387 52 3 reports report NOUN geusb-8387 52 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 52 5 the the DET geusb-8387 52 6 era era NOUN geusb-8387 52 7 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 52 8 make make VERB geusb-8387 52 9 the the DET geusb-8387 52 10 specific specific ADJ geusb-8387 52 11 recommendation recommendation NOUN geusb-8387 52 12 that that PRON geusb-8387 52 13 tracked track VERB geusb-8387 52 14 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 52 15 with with ADP geusb-8387 52 16 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 52 17 pressure pressure NOUN geusb-8387 52 18 under under ADP geusb-8387 52 19 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 52 20 psi psi NOUN geusb-8387 52 21 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 52 22 41 41 NUM geusb-8387 52 23 kpa kpa NOUN geusb-8387 52 24 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 52 25 provide provide VERB geusb-8387 52 26 the the DET geusb-8387 52 27 most most ADV geusb-8387 52 28 effective effective ADJ geusb-8387 52 29 means mean NOUN geusb-8387 52 30 of of ADP geusb-8387 52 31 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 52 32 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 52 33 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 52 34 transportation transportation NOUN geusb-8387 52 35 in in ADP geusb-8387 52 36 north north NOUN geusb-8387 52 37 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 52 38 west west PROPN geusb-8387 52 39 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 52 40 across across ADP geusb-8387 52 41 all all DET geusb-8387 52 42 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 52 43 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 53 1 pittufik pittufik VERB geusb-8387 53 2 to to ADP geusb-8387 53 3 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 53 4 land land NOUN geusb-8387 53 5 here here ADV geusb-8387 53 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 53 7 we we PRON geusb-8387 53 8 look look VERB geusb-8387 53 9 at at ADP geusb-8387 53 10 the the DET geusb-8387 53 11 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 53 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 53 13 logistical logistical ADJ geusb-8387 53 14 feasibility feasibility NOUN geusb-8387 53 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 53 16 supporting support VERB geusb-8387 53 17 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 53 18 investigations investigation NOUN geusb-8387 53 19 at at ADP geusb-8387 53 20 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 53 21 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 53 22 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 53 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 53 24 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 53 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 53 26 in in ADP geusb-8387 53 27 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 53 28 land land NOUN geusb-8387 53 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 53 30 using use VERB geusb-8387 53 31 an an DET geusb-8387 53 32 overland overland ADJ geusb-8387 53 33 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 53 34 from from ADP geusb-8387 53 35 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 53 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 54 1 as as ADP geusb-8387 54 2 an an DET geusb-8387 54 3 alternative alternative NOUN geusb-8387 54 4 to to ADP geusb-8387 54 5 the the DET geusb-8387 54 6 heavily heavily ADV geusb-8387 54 7 crevassed crevasse VERB geusb-8387 54 8 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 54 9 route route PROPN geusb-8387 54 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 54 11 we we PRON geusb-8387 54 12 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 54 13 a a DET geusb-8387 54 14 route route NOUN geusb-8387 54 15 that that PRON geusb-8387 54 16 ascends ascend VERB geusb-8387 54 17 the the DET geusb-8387 54 18 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 54 19 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 54 20 at at ADP geusb-8387 54 21 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 54 22 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 54 23 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 54 24 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 54 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 55 1 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 55 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 55 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 56 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 56 2 provide provide VERB geusb-8387 56 3 an an DET geusb-8387 56 4 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 56 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 56 6 the the DET geusb-8387 56 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 56 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 56 9 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 56 10 describe describe VERB geusb-8387 56 11 specific specific ADJ geusb-8387 56 12 challenges challenge NOUN geusb-8387 56 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 56 14 the the DET geusb-8387 56 15 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 56 16 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 56 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 56 18 the the DET geusb-8387 56 19 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 56 20 road road NOUN geusb-8387 56 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 56 22 the the DET geusb-8387 56 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 56 24 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 56 25 segments segment NOUN geusb-8387 56 26 of of ADP geusb-8387 56 27 the the DET geusb-8387 56 28 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 56 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 56 30 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 56 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 57 1 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 57 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 57 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 58 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 58 2 also also ADV geusb-8387 58 3 describe describe VERB geusb-8387 58 4 general general ADJ geusb-8387 58 5 science science NOUN geusb-8387 58 6 plans plan NOUN geusb-8387 58 7 for for ADP geusb-8387 58 8 working work VERB geusb-8387 58 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 58 10 the the DET geusb-8387 58 11 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 58 12 land land NOUN geusb-8387 58 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 58 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 58 15 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 58 16 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 58 17 area area NOUN geusb-8387 58 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 59 1 lastly lastly ADV geusb-8387 59 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 59 3 we we PRON geusb-8387 59 4 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 59 5 the the DET geusb-8387 59 6 differences difference NOUN geusb-8387 59 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 59 8 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 59 9 emissions emission NOUN geusb-8387 59 10 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 59 11 with with ADP geusb-8387 59 12 accessing access VERB geusb-8387 59 13 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 59 14 land land NOUN geusb-8387 59 15 via via ADP geusb-8387 59 16 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 59 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 59 18 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 59 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 60 1 the the DET geusb-8387 60 2 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 60 3 route route NOUN geusb-8387 60 4 from from ADP geusb-8387 60 5 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 60 6 to to ADP geusb-8387 60 7 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 60 8 land land NOUN geusb-8387 60 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 60 10 via via ADP geusb-8387 60 11 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 60 12 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 60 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 60 14 is be AUX geusb-8387 60 15 778 778 NUM geusb-8387 60 16 km km NOUN geusb-8387 60 17 long long ADJ geusb-8387 60 18 one one NUM geusb-8387 60 19 way way NOUN geusb-8387 60 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 61 1 it it PRON geusb-8387 61 2 begins begin VERB geusb-8387 61 3 at at ADP geusb-8387 61 4 the the DET geusb-8387 61 5 north north PROPN geusb-8387 61 6 star star PROPN geusb-8387 61 7 bugt bugt PROPN geusb-8387 61 8 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 61 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 61 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 61 11 access access NOUN geusb-8387 61 12 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 61 13 at at ADP geusb-8387 61 14 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 61 15 space space NOUN geusb-8387 61 16 base base NOUN geusb-8387 61 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 61 18 located locate VERB geusb-8387 61 19 at at ADP geusb-8387 61 20 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 61 21 level level NOUN geusb-8387 61 22 at at ADP geusb-8387 61 23 the the DET geusb-8387 61 24 harbour harbour NOUN geusb-8387 61 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 62 1 the the DET geusb-8387 62 2 first first ADJ geusb-8387 62 3 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 62 4 km km NOUN geusb-8387 62 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 62 6 the the DET geusb-8387 62 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 62 8 crosses cross VERB geusb-8387 62 9 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 62 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 62 11 around around ADP geusb-8387 62 12 uummannaq uummannaq PROPN geusb-8387 62 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 62 14 dundas dundas PROPN geusb-8387 62 15 fjeld fjeld PROPN geusb-8387 62 16 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 62 17 into into ADP geusb-8387 62 18 uummannap uummannap PROPN geusb-8387 62 19 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 62 20 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 62 21 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 62 22 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 62 23 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 62 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 63 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 63 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PRON geusb-8387 63 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 63 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 63 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 63 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 63 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 63 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 63 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 63 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 63 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 63 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 63 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 63 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 64 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 64 2 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 64 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 64 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 64 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org PROPN geusb-8387 64 6 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 64 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 65 1 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 65 2     SPACE geusb-8387 65 3 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 65 4 placing place VERB geusb-8387 65 5 the the DET geusb-8387 65 6 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 65 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 65 8 assessed assess VERB geusb-8387 65 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 65 10 this this DET geusb-8387 65 11 study study NOUN geusb-8387 65 12 in in ADP geusb-8387 65 13 the the DET geusb-8387 65 14 context context NOUN geusb-8387 65 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 65 16 past past ADJ geusb-8387 65 17 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 65 18 on on ADP geusb-8387 65 19 the the DET geusb-8387 65 20 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 65 21 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 65 22 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 65 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 66 1 past past ADJ geusb-8387 66 2 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 66 3 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 66 4 aiegi aiegi NOUN geusb-8387 66 5 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 66 6 american american ADJ geusb-8387 66 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 66 8 icelandic icelandic ADJ geusb-8387 66 9 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 66 10 on on ADP geusb-8387 66 11 the the DET geusb-8387 66 12 greenlandic greenlandic ADJ geusb-8387 66 13 icecap icecap NOUN geusb-8387 66 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 66 15 stokholm stokholm NOUN geusb-8387 66 16 et et PROPN geusb-8387 66 17     SPACE geusb-8387 66 18 al al PROPN geusb-8387 66 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 66 20 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 66 21 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 66 22 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 66 23 greentracs greentracs PROPN geusb-8387 66 24 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 66 25 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 66 26 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 66 27 for for ADP geusb-8387 66 28 accumulation accumulation NOUN geusb-8387 66 29 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 66 30 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 66 31 studies study NOUN geusb-8387 66 32 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 66 33 meehan meehan PROPN geusb-8387 66 34 et et PROPN geusb-8387 66 35     SPACE geusb-8387 66 36 al al PROPN geusb-8387 66 37 . . PROPN geusb-8387 66 38 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 66 39 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 66 40 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 66 41 firncover firncover ADV geusb-8387 66 42 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 66 43 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 66 44 firn firn PROPN geusb-8387 66 45 compaction compaction NOUN geusb-8387 66 46 verification verification NOUN geusb-8387 66 47 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 66 48 reconnaissance reconnaissance NOUN geusb-8387 66 49 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 66 50 macferrin macferrin PROPN geusb-8387 66 51 et et PROPN geusb-8387 66 52     SPACE geusb-8387 66 53 al al PROPN geusb-8387 66 54 . . PROPN geusb-8387 66 55 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 66 56 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 66 57 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 66 58 grlt grlt PROPN geusb-8387 66 59 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 66 60 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 66 61 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 66 62 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 66 63 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 66 64 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 66 65 hawley hawley PROPN geusb-8387 66 66 et et PROPN geusb-8387 66 67     SPACE geusb-8387 66 68 al al PROPN geusb-8387 66 69 . . PROPN geusb-8387 66 70 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 66 71 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 66 72 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 1 ucph ucph NOUN geusb-8387 67 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 67 3 university university NOUN geusb-8387 67 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 67 5 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN geusb-8387 67 6 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 67 7 karlsson karlsson PROPN geusb-8387 67 8 et et PROPN geusb-8387 67 9     SPACE geusb-8387 67 10 al al PROPN geusb-8387 67 11 . . PROPN geusb-8387 67 12 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 67 13 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 67 14 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 15 ngt ngt X geusb-8387 67 16 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 67 17 north north PROPN geusb-8387 67 18 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 67 19 traverse traverse PROPN geusb-8387 67 20 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 21 parca parca PROPN geusb-8387 67 22 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 67 23 program program NOUN geusb-8387 67 24 for for ADP geusb-8387 67 25 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 67 26 regional regional ADJ geusb-8387 67 27 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 67 28 assessment assessment NOUN geusb-8387 67 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 67 30 thomas thomas PROPN geusb-8387 67 31 et et PROPN geusb-8387 67 32     SPACE geusb-8387 67 33 al al PROPN geusb-8387 67 34 . . PROPN geusb-8387 67 35 1998 1998 NUM geusb-8387 67 36 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 67 37 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 38 egig egig ADJ geusb-8387 67 39 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 67 40 expédition expédition NOUN geusb-8387 67 41 glaciologique glaciologique NOUN geusb-8387 67 42 internationale internationale PROPN geusb-8387 67 43 au au PROPN geusb-8387 67 44 groenland groenland PROPN geusb-8387 67 45 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 67 46 hofmann hofmann PROPN geusb-8387 67 47 1964 1964 NUM geusb-8387 67 48 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 67 49 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 50 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 67 51 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 67 52 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 67 53 . . PROPN geusb-8387 67 54 army army PROPN geusb-8387 67 55 corps corps PROPN geusb-8387 67 56 of of ADP geusb-8387 67 57 engineers engineer NOUN geusb-8387 67 58 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 67 59 usatb usatb ADJ geusb-8387 67 60 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 67 61 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 62 benson benson PROPN geusb-8387 67 63 1962 1962 NUM geusb-8387 67 64 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 67 65 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 67 66 bnge bnge PROPN geusb-8387 67 67 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 67 68 british british PROPN geusb-8387 67 69 north north PROPN geusb-8387 67 70 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 67 71 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 67 72 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 67 73 hamilton hamilton PROPN geusb-8387 67 74 et et PROPN geusb-8387 67 75     SPACE geusb-8387 67 76 al al PROPN geusb-8387 67 77 . . PROPN geusb-8387 67 78 1956 1956 NUM geusb-8387 67 79 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 67 80 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 68 1 this this DET geusb-8387 68 2 compilation compilation NOUN geusb-8387 68 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 68 4 previous previous ADJ geusb-8387 68 5 motorised motorise VERB geusb-8387 68 6 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 68 7 is be AUX geusb-8387 68 8 likely likely ADJ geusb-8387 68 9 not not PART geusb-8387 68 10 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ geusb-8387 68 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 69 1 stars star NOUN geusb-8387 69 2 indicate indicate VERB geusb-8387 69 3 place place NOUN geusb-8387 69 4 names name NOUN geusb-8387 69 5 referred refer VERB geusb-8387 69 6 to to ADP geusb-8387 69 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 69 8 the the DET geusb-8387 69 9 text text NOUN geusb-8387 69 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 70 1 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 70 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 71 1 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 71 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 72 1 cen cen PROPN geusb-8387 72 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 72 3 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 72 4 century century NOUN geusb-8387 72 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 73 1 nem nem NOUN geusb-8387 73 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 73 3 north north NOUN geusb-8387 73 4 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 73 5 eemian eemian PROPN geusb-8387 73 6 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 73 7 core core NOUN geusb-8387 73 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 73 9 neem neem NOUN geusb-8387 73 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 73 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 74 1 sigma sigma PROPN geusb-8387 74 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 74 3 a a PRON geusb-8387 74 4 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 74 5 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 74 6 impurity impurity NOUN geusb-8387 74 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 74 8 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 74 9 microbe microbe NOUN geusb-8387 74 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 74 11 the the DET geusb-8387 74 12 arctic arctic PROPN geusb-8387 74 13 site site NOUN geusb-8387 74 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 75 1 dye-2 dye-2 ADV geusb-8387 75 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 75 3 disused disuse VERB geusb-8387 75 4 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 75 5 station station NOUN geusb-8387 75 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 76 1 aiegi aiegi NOUN geusb-8387 76 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 3 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 76 4 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 5 greentracs greentrac NOUN geusb-8387 76 6 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 7 2016–2017 2016–2017 NUM geusb-8387 76 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 9 firncover firncover ADV geusb-8387 76 10 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 11 2015–2017 2015–2017 NUM geusb-8387 76 12 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 13 grit grit NOUN geusb-8387 76 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 15 2008–2016 2008–2016 NUM geusb-8387 76 16 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 17 ucph ucph NOUN geusb-8387 76 18 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 19 2007 2007 NUM geusb-8387 76 20 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 76 21 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 76 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 23 ngt ngt X geusb-8387 76 24 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 25 1993–1995 1993–1995 NUM geusb-8387 76 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 27 parca parca PROPN geusb-8387 76 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 29 1994 1994 NUM geusb-8387 76 30 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 31 egig egig NOUN geusb-8387 76 32 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 33 1951–1960 1951–1960 NUM geusb-8387 76 34 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 76 35 1965–1967 1965–1967 NUM geusb-8387 76 36 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 37 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 76 38 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 39 1952–1955 1952–1955 NUM geusb-8387 76 40 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 76 41 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 76 42 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 43 bnge bnge NOUN geusb-8387 76 44 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 45 1952–1954 1952–1954 NUM geusb-8387 76 46 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 47 this this DET geusb-8387 76 48 study study NOUN geusb-8387 76 49 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 50 primary primary NOUN geusb-8387 76 51 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 52 this this DET geusb-8387 76 53 study study NOUN geusb-8387 76 54 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 76 55 secondary secondary ADJ geusb-8387 76 56 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 76 57 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 76 58 mask mask NOUN geusb-8387 76 59 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 76 60 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 76 61 free free ADJ geusb-8387 76 62 land land NOUN geusb-8387 76 63 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 76 64 covered cover VERB geusb-8387 76 65 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 76 66 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 76 67 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 76 68 et et PROPN geusb-8387 76 69 al al PROPN geusb-8387 76 70 . . PROPN geusb-8387 76 71 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 76 72 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 76 73 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 76 74 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 76 75 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 76 76 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 76 77 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 76 78 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 77 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 77 2 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 77 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 77 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 77 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org PROPN geusb-8387 77 6 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 77 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 78 1 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 78 2     SPACE geusb-8387 78 3 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 78 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 78 5 the the DET geusb-8387 78 6 study study NOUN geusb-8387 78 7 area area NOUN geusb-8387 78 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 79 1 a a PRON geusb-8387 79 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 79 3 highlighting highlight VERB geusb-8387 79 4 the the DET geusb-8387 79 5 tuto tuto NOUN geusb-8387 79 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 79 7 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 79 8 ramps ramp NOUN geusb-8387 79 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 79 10 as as ADV geusb-8387 79 11 well well ADV geusb-8387 79 12 as as ADP geusb-8387 79 13 place place NOUN geusb-8387 79 14 names name NOUN geusb-8387 79 15 in in ADP geusb-8387 79 16 the the DET geusb-8387 79 17 vicinity vicinity NOUN geusb-8387 79 18 of of ADP geusb-8387 79 19 pituffik pituffik PROPN geusb-8387 79 20 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 79 21 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 79 22 2024a 2024a NUM geusb-8387 79 23 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 79 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 80 1 the the DET geusb-8387 80 2 black black ADJ geusb-8387 80 3 dashed dash VERB geusb-8387 80 4 line line NOUN geusb-8387 80 5 represents represent VERB geusb-8387 80 6 the the DET geusb-8387 80 7 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 80 8 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 80 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 81 1 b b X geusb-8387 81 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 81 3 mile mile NOUN geusb-8387 81 4 markers marker NOUN geusb-8387 81 5 on on ADP geusb-8387 81 6 the the DET geusb-8387 81 7 overland overland NOUN geusb-8387 81 8 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 81 9 from from ADP geusb-8387 81 10 the the DET geusb-8387 81 11 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 81 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 81 13 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 81 14 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 81 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 81 16 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 81 17 approaches approach NOUN geusb-8387 81 18 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 81 19 benson benson PROPN geusb-8387 81 20 1962 1962 NUM geusb-8387 81 21 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 81 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 82 1 reproduced reproduce VERB geusb-8387 82 2 from from ADP geusb-8387 82 3 the the DET geusb-8387 82 4 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 82 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 82 6 corps corps PROPN geusb-8387 82 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 82 8 army army NOUN geusb-8387 82 9 engineers engineer NOUN geusb-8387 82 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 83 1 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 83 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 84 1 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 84 2     SPACE geusb-8387 84 3 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 84 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 84 5 the the DET geusb-8387 84 6 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 84 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 84 8 from from ADP geusb-8387 84 9 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 84 10 to to ADP geusb-8387 84 11 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 84 12 land land NOUN geusb-8387 84 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 84 14 with with ADP geusb-8387 84 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 84 16 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 84 17 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 84 18 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 84 19 velocities velocity NOUN geusb-8387 84 20 overlaid overlay VERB geusb-8387 84 21 on on ADP geusb-8387 84 22 a a DET geusb-8387 84 23 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 84 24 spot spot NOUN geusb-8387 84 25 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 84 26 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 84 27 image image NOUN geusb-8387 84 28 mosaic mosaic NOUN geusb-8387 84 29 of of ADP geusb-8387 84 30 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 84 31 m m PROPN geusb-8387 84 32 spatial spatial ADJ geusb-8387 84 33 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 84 34 for for ADP geusb-8387 84 35 the the DET geusb-8387 84 36 region region NOUN geusb-8387 84 37 from from ADP geusb-8387 84 38 july july PROPN geusb-8387 84 39 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 84 40 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 84 41 solgaard solgaard PROPN geusb-8387 84 42 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 84 43 kusk kusk PROPN geusb-8387 84 44 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 84 45 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 84 46 solgaard solgaard PROPN geusb-8387 84 47 et et PROPN geusb-8387 84 48     SPACE geusb-8387 84 49 al al PROPN geusb-8387 84 50 . . PROPN geusb-8387 84 51 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 84 52 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 84 53 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 84 54 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 84 55 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 84 56 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 85 1 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 85 2 route route NOUN geusb-8387 85 3 extensions extension NOUN geusb-8387 85 4 linking link VERB geusb-8387 85 5 secondary secondary ADJ geusb-8387 85 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 85 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 85 8 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 85 9 science science NOUN geusb-8387 85 10 sites site NOUN geusb-8387 85 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 85 12 the the DET geusb-8387 85 13 area area NOUN geusb-8387 85 14 are be AUX geusb-8387 85 15 also also ADV geusb-8387 85 16 shown show VERB geusb-8387 85 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 86 1 secondary secondary ADJ geusb-8387 86 2 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 86 3 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 86 4 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 86 5 science science NOUN geusb-8387 86 6 sites site NOUN geusb-8387 86 7 are be AUX geusb-8387 86 8 denoted denote VERB geusb-8387 86 9 thus thus ADV geusb-8387 86 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 86 11 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 86 12 for for ADP geusb-8387 86 13 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 86 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 86 15 cen cen NOUN geusb-8387 86 16 for for ADP geusb-8387 86 17 the the DET geusb-8387 86 18 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 86 19 century century NOUN geusb-8387 86 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 86 21 nem nem PROPN geusb-8387 86 22 for for ADP geusb-8387 86 23 the the DET geusb-8387 86 24 north north PROPN geusb-8387 86 25 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 86 26 eemian eemian PROPN geusb-8387 86 27 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 86 28 core core NOUN geusb-8387 86 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 86 30 neem neem NOUN geusb-8387 86 31 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 86 32 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 86 33 sigma sigma PROPN geusb-8387 86 34 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 86 35 a a NOUN geusb-8387 86 36 for for ADP geusb-8387 86 37 the the DET geusb-8387 86 38 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 86 39 impurity impurity NOUN geusb-8387 86 40 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 86 41 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 86 42 microbe microbe NOUN geusb-8387 86 43 in in ADP geusb-8387 86 44 the the DET geusb-8387 86 45 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 86 46 site site NOUN geusb-8387 86 47 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 86 48 matoba matoba PROPN geusb-8387 86 49 et et PROPN geusb-8387 86 50     SPACE geusb-8387 86 51 al al PROPN geusb-8387 86 52 . . PROPN geusb-8387 86 53 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 86 54 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 86 55 vandecrux vandecrux VERB geusb-8387 86 56 et et NOUN geusb-8387 86 57     SPACE geusb-8387 86 58 al al PROPN geusb-8387 86 59 . . PROPN geusb-8387 86 60 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 86 61 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 86 62 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 87 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 87 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 87 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 87 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 87 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 87 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 87 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 87 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 87 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 87 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 87 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 87 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 87 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 87 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 88 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 88 2 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 88 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 88 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 88 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NOUN geusb-8387 88 6 making make VERB geusb-8387 88 7 landfall landfall NOUN geusb-8387 88 8 again again ADV geusb-8387 88 9 at at ADP geusb-8387 88 10 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 88 11 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 88 12 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 88 13 kristiansen kristiansen NOUN geusb-8387 88 14 point point NOUN geusb-8387 88 15 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 88 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 89 1 the the DET geusb-8387 89 2 subsequent subsequent ADJ geusb-8387 89 3 32 32 NUM geusb-8387 89 4 km km NOUN geusb-8387 89 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 89 6 the the DET geusb-8387 89 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 89 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 89 9 km km PROPN geusb-8387 89 10 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 89 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 89 12 61 61 NUM geusb-8387 89 13 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 89 14 then then ADV geusb-8387 89 15 traverses traverse VERB geusb-8387 89 16 a a DET geusb-8387 89 17 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 89 18 road road NOUN geusb-8387 89 19 constructed construct VERB geusb-8387 89 20 by by ADP geusb-8387 89 21 the the DET geusb-8387 89 22 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 89 23 in in ADP geusb-8387 89 24 1954 1954 NUM geusb-8387 89 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 90 1 this this DET geusb-8387 90 2 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 90 3 road road NOUN geusb-8387 90 4 rises rise VERB geusb-8387 90 5 from from ADP geusb-8387 90 6 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 90 7 level level NOUN geusb-8387 90 8 to to ADP geusb-8387 90 9 the the DET geusb-8387 90 10 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 90 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 90 12 the the DET geusb-8387 90 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 90 14 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 90 15 at at ADP geusb-8387 90 16 552 552 NUM geusb-8387 90 17 m m NOUN geusb-8387 90 18 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 90 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 91 1 this this DET geusb-8387 91 2 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 91 3 road road NOUN geusb-8387 91 4 reflects reflect VERB geusb-8387 91 5 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 91 6 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 91 7 % % NOUN geusb-8387 91 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 91 9 the the DET geusb-8387 91 10 total total ADJ geusb-8387 91 11 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 91 12 length length NOUN geusb-8387 91 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 91 14 but but CCONJ geusb-8387 91 15 > > PUNCT geusb-8387 91 16 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 91 17 % % NOUN geusb-8387 91 18 of of ADP geusb-8387 91 19 the the DET geusb-8387 91 20 total total ADJ geusb-8387 91 21 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 91 22 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 91 23 climb climb NOUN geusb-8387 91 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 92 1 the the DET geusb-8387 92 2 remaining remain VERB geusb-8387 92 3 717 717 NUM geusb-8387 92 4 km km NOUN geusb-8387 92 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 92 6 the the DET geusb-8387 92 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 92 8 traverses traverse VERB geusb-8387 92 9 the the DET geusb-8387 92 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 92 11 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 92 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 92 13 terminating terminate VERB geusb-8387 92 14 in in ADP geusb-8387 92 15 the the DET geusb-8387 92 16 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 92 17 land land NOUN geusb-8387 92 18 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 92 19 area area NOUN geusb-8387 92 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 93 1 on on ADP geusb-8387 93 2 the the DET geusb-8387 93 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 93 4 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 93 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 93 6 the the DET geusb-8387 93 7 proposed propose VERB geusb-8387 93 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 93 9 is be AUX geusb-8387 93 10 selected select VERB geusb-8387 93 11 with with ADP geusb-8387 93 12 the the DET geusb-8387 93 13 primary primary ADJ geusb-8387 93 14 goals goal NOUN geusb-8387 93 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 93 16 minimising minimise VERB geusb-8387 93 17 altitudinal altitudinal ADJ geusb-8387 93 18 variations variation NOUN geusb-8387 93 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 93 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 93 21 velocities velocity NOUN geusb-8387 93 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 93 23 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 93 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 94 1 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 94 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 94 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 95 1 the the DET geusb-8387 95 2 route route NOUN geusb-8387 95 3 ascends ascend VERB geusb-8387 95 4 the the DET geusb-8387 95 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 95 6 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 95 7 via via ADP geusb-8387 95 8 the the DET geusb-8387 95 9 centreline centreline NOUN geusb-8387 95 10 of of ADP geusb-8387 95 11 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 95 12 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 95 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 95 14 continues continue VERB geusb-8387 95 15 climbing climb VERB geusb-8387 95 16 a a DET geusb-8387 95 17 local local ADJ geusb-8387 95 18 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 95 19 divide divide NOUN geusb-8387 95 20 to to ADP geusb-8387 95 21 where where SCONJ geusb-8387 95 22 it it PRON geusb-8387 95 23 intersects intersect VERB geusb-8387 95 24 the the DET geusb-8387 95 25 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 95 26 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 95 27 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 95 28 route route NOUN geusb-8387 95 29 at at ADP geusb-8387 95 30 km km PROPN geusb-8387 95 31 119 119 NUM geusb-8387 95 32 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 95 33 1443 1443 NUM geusb-8387 95 34 m m PROPN geusb-8387 95 35 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 95 36 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 95 37 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 96 1 to to PART geusb-8387 96 2 minimise minimise AUX geusb-8387 96 3 crossing cross VERB geusb-8387 96 4 high high ADJ geusb-8387 96 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 96 6 velocities velocity NOUN geusb-8387 96 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 96 8 strain strain NOUN geusb-8387 96 9 rates rate NOUN geusb-8387 96 10 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 96 11 with with ADP geusb-8387 96 12 tributaries tributary NOUN geusb-8387 96 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 96 14 ullip ullip ADJ geusb-8387 96 15 sermia sermia PROPN geusb-8387 96 16 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 96 17 harald harald PROPN geusb-8387 96 18 moltke moltke NOUN geusb-8387 96 19 bræ bræ ADV geusb-8387 96 20 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 96 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 96 22 our our PRON geusb-8387 96 23 proposed propose VERB geusb-8387 96 24 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 96 25 ascent ascent NOUN geusb-8387 96 26 bears bear NOUN geusb-8387 96 27 north north ADV geusb-8387 96 28 of of ADP geusb-8387 96 29 the the DET geusb-8387 96 30 usace usace ADJ geusb-8387 96 31 nuto nuto PROPN geusb-8387 96 32 ascent ascent NOUN geusb-8387 96 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 97 1 consequently consequently ADV geusb-8387 97 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 97 3 the the DET geusb-8387 97 4 modern modern ADJ geusb-8387 97 5 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 97 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 97 7 or or CCONJ geusb-8387 97 8 intersection intersection NOUN geusb-8387 97 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 97 10 the the DET geusb-8387 97 11 tuto tuto NOUN geusb-8387 97 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 97 13 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 97 14 approaches approach NOUN geusb-8387 97 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 97 16 is be AUX geusb-8387 97 17 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 97 18 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 97 19 km km NOUN geusb-8387 97 20 further far ADV geusb-8387 97 21 east east ADV geusb-8387 97 22 of of ADP geusb-8387 97 23 the the DET geusb-8387 97 24 usace usace PROPN geusb-8387 97 25 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 97 26 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 97 27 mile mile PROPN geusb-8387 97 28 1–10 1–10 PROPN geusb-8387 97 29 instead instead ADV geusb-8387 97 30 of of ADP geusb-8387 97 31 mile mile NOUN geusb-8387 97 32 1–0 1–0 NUM geusb-8387 97 33 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 97 34 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 97 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 98 1 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 98 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 98 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 99 1 from from ADP geusb-8387 99 2 this this DET geusb-8387 99 3 modern modern ADJ geusb-8387 99 4 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 99 5 crossroads crossroad NOUN geusb-8387 99 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 99 7 the the DET geusb-8387 99 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 99 9 then then ADV geusb-8387 99 10 follows follow VERB geusb-8387 99 11 the the DET geusb-8387 99 12 local local ADJ geusb-8387 99 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 99 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 99 15 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 99 16 divide divide NOUN geusb-8387 99 17 upwards upwards ADV geusb-8387 99 18 to to ADP geusb-8387 99 19 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 99 20 century century NOUN geusb-8387 99 21 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 99 22 station station NOUN geusb-8387 99 23 at at ADP geusb-8387 99 24 km km PROPN geusb-8387 99 25 221 221 NUM geusb-8387 99 26 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 99 27 cen cen NOUN geusb-8387 99 28 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 99 29 1895 1895 NUM geusb-8387 99 30 m m NOUN geusb-8387 99 31 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 99 32 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 99 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 100 1 the the DET geusb-8387 100 2 route route NOUN geusb-8387 100 3 then then ADV geusb-8387 100 4 turns turn VERB geusb-8387 100 5 north north NOUN geusb-8387 100 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 100 7 east east NOUN geusb-8387 100 8 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 100 9 follows follow VERB geusb-8387 100 10 just just ADV geusb-8387 100 11 below below ADP geusb-8387 100 12 the the DET geusb-8387 100 13 2000 2000 NUM geusb-8387 100 14 m m NOUN geusb-8387 100 15 contour contour NOUN geusb-8387 100 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 100 17 passing pass VERB geusb-8387 100 18 the the DET geusb-8387 100 19 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 100 20 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 100 21 station station NOUN geusb-8387 100 22 at at ADP geusb-8387 100 23 km km PROPN geusb-8387 100 24 412 412 NUM geusb-8387 100 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 100 26 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 100 27 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 100 28 1950 1950 NUM geusb-8387 100 29 m m NOUN geusb-8387 100 30 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 100 31 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 100 32 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 100 33 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 100 34 continues continue VERB geusb-8387 100 35 east east PROPN geusb-8387 100 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 100 37 past past ADP geusb-8387 100 38 the the DET geusb-8387 100 39 inland inland ADJ geusb-8387 100 40 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 100 41 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 100 42 stream stream NOUN geusb-8387 100 43 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 100 44 of of ADP geusb-8387 100 45 petermann petermann PROPN geusb-8387 100 46 gletsjer gletsjer NOUN geusb-8387 100 47 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 100 48 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 100 49 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 101 1 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 101 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 101 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 102 1 it it PRON geusb-8387 102 2 then then ADV geusb-8387 102 3 turns turn VERB geusb-8387 102 4 north north ADV geusb-8387 102 5 to to PART geusb-8387 102 6 descend descend VERB geusb-8387 102 7 a a DET geusb-8387 102 8 local local ADJ geusb-8387 102 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 102 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 102 11 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 102 12 divide divide NOUN geusb-8387 102 13 into into ADP geusb-8387 102 14 the the DET geusb-8387 102 15 land land NOUN geusb-8387 102 16 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 102 17 terminating terminate VERB geusb-8387 102 18 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 102 19 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 102 20 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 102 21 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 102 22 area area NOUN geusb-8387 102 23 in in ADP geusb-8387 102 24 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 102 25 land land NOUN geusb-8387 102 26 at at ADP geusb-8387 102 27 km km PROPN geusb-8387 102 28 778 778 NUM geusb-8387 102 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 102 30 902 902 NUM geusb-8387 102 31 m m NOUN geusb-8387 102 32 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 102 33 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 102 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 103 1 a a DET geusb-8387 103 2 shapefile shapefile NOUN geusb-8387 103 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 103 4 this this DET geusb-8387 103 5 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 103 6 route route NOUN geusb-8387 103 7 is be AUX geusb-8387 103 8 available available ADJ geusb-8387 103 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 103 10 the the DET geusb-8387 103 11 online online ADJ geusb-8387 103 12 supplementary supplementary ADJ geusb-8387 103 13 material material NOUN geusb-8387 103 14 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 103 15 with with ADP geusb-8387 103 16 this this DET geusb-8387 103 17 report report NOUN geusb-8387 103 18 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 103 19 supplementary supplementary ADJ geusb-8387 103 20 file file NOUN geusb-8387 103 21 s1 s1 NOUN geusb-8387 103 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 103 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 104 1 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 104 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 104 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 104 4 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 104 5 the the DET geusb-8387 104 6 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 104 7 km km PROPN geusb-8387 104 8 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 104 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 104 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 104 11 portion portion NOUN geusb-8387 104 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 104 13 the the DET geusb-8387 104 14 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 104 15 connects connect VERB geusb-8387 104 16 between between ADP geusb-8387 104 17 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 104 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 104 19 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup NOUN geusb-8387 104 20 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 104 21 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 104 22 kristiansen kristiansen NOUN geusb-8387 104 23 point point NOUN geusb-8387 104 24 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 104 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 105 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 105 2 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 105 3 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 105 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 105 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 105 6 characteristics characteristic NOUN geusb-8387 105 7 along along ADP geusb-8387 105 8 this this DET geusb-8387 105 9 portion portion NOUN geusb-8387 105 10 of of ADP geusb-8387 105 11 the the DET geusb-8387 105 12 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 105 13 route route NOUN geusb-8387 105 14 during during ADP geusb-8387 105 15 the the DET geusb-8387 105 16 2014–2024 2014–2024 NUM geusb-8387 105 17 period period NOUN geusb-8387 105 18 using use VERB geusb-8387 105 19 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 105 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 105 21 classification classification NOUN geusb-8387 105 22 charts chart NOUN geusb-8387 105 23 from from ADP geusb-8387 105 24 the the DET geusb-8387 105 25 danish danish PROPN geusb-8387 105 26 meteorological meteorological PROPN geusb-8387 105 27 institute institute PROPN geusb-8387 105 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 105 29 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 105 30 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 105 31 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 105 32 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 106 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 106 2 extract extract VERB geusb-8387 106 3 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 106 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 106 5 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 106 6 from from ADP geusb-8387 106 7 landsat landsat PROPN geusb-8387 106 8 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 106 9 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 106 10 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 106 11 with with ADP geusb-8387 106 12 a a DET geusb-8387 106 13 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 106 14 m m NOUN geusb-8387 106 15 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 106 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 107 1 the the DET geusb-8387 107 2 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 107 3 sea sea PROPN geusb-8387 107 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 107 5 charts chart NOUN geusb-8387 107 6 are be AUX geusb-8387 107 7 determined determine VERB geusb-8387 107 8 by by ADP geusb-8387 107 9 the the DET geusb-8387 107 10 interpretation interpretation NOUN geusb-8387 107 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 107 12 blended blended ADJ geusb-8387 107 13 synthetic synthetic ADJ geusb-8387 107 14 aperture aperture NOUN geusb-8387 107 15 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 107 16 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 107 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 107 18 optical optical ADJ geusb-8387 107 19 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 107 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 107 21 infrared infrared ADJ geusb-8387 107 22 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 107 23 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 107 24 passive passive ADJ geusb-8387 107 25 microwave microwave NOUN geusb-8387 107 26 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 107 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 108 1 together together ADV geusb-8387 108 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 108 3 these these DET geusb-8387 108 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 108 5 type type NOUN geusb-8387 108 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 108 7 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 108 8 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 108 9 show show VERB geusb-8387 108 10 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 108 11 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 108 12 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 108 13 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 108 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 108 15 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 108 16 demonstrate demonstrate VERB geusb-8387 108 17 a a DET geusb-8387 108 18 consistent consistent ADJ geusb-8387 108 19 seasonality seasonality NOUN geusb-8387 108 20 within within ADP geusb-8387 108 21 uummannap uummannap NOUN geusb-8387 108 22 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 108 23 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 108 24 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 108 25 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 108 26 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 108 27 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 108 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 109 1 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 109 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 109 3 table table NOUN geusb-8387 109 4 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 109 5 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 109 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 110 1 land land NOUN geusb-8387 110 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 110 3 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 110 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 110 5 is be AUX geusb-8387 110 6 present present ADJ geusb-8387 110 7 within within ADP geusb-8387 110 8 the the DET geusb-8387 110 9 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 110 10 each each DET geusb-8387 110 11 winter winter NOUN geusb-8387 110 12 until until ADP geusb-8387 110 13 the the DET geusb-8387 110 14 open open ADJ geusb-8387 110 15 water water NOUN geusb-8387 110 16 retreats retreat NOUN geusb-8387 110 17 inside inside ADP geusb-8387 110 18 appat appat NOUN geusb-8387 110 19 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 110 20 saunders saunders PROPN geusb-8387 110 21 ø ø PROPN geusb-8387 110 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 110 23 at at ADP geusb-8387 110 24 the the DET geusb-8387 110 25 mouth mouth NOUN geusb-8387 110 26 of of ADP geusb-8387 110 27 uummannap uummannap PROPN geusb-8387 110 28 kangerlua kangerlua NOUN geusb-8387 110 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 111 1 this this DET geusb-8387 111 2 breakup breakup NOUN geusb-8387 111 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 111 4 the the DET geusb-8387 111 5 land land NOUN geusb-8387 111 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 111 7 fast fast NOUN geusb-8387 111 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 111 9 generally generally ADV geusb-8387 111 10 occurs occur VERB geusb-8387 111 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 111 12 june june PROPN geusb-8387 111 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 111 14 weeks week NOUN geusb-8387 111 15 23–27 23–27 NUM geusb-8387 111 16 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 111 17 but but CCONJ geusb-8387 111 18 has have AUX geusb-8387 111 19 been be AUX geusb-8387 111 20 observed observe VERB geusb-8387 111 21 to to PART geusb-8387 111 22 occur occur VERB geusb-8387 111 23 in in ADP geusb-8387 111 24 may may PROPN geusb-8387 111 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 111 26 weeks week NOUN geusb-8387 111 27 18–22 18–22 NUM geusb-8387 111 28 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 111 29 at at ADP geusb-8387 111 30 least least ADJ geusb-8387 111 31 once once ADV geusb-8387 111 32 during during ADP geusb-8387 111 33 the the DET geusb-8387 111 34 2014–2024 2014–2024 NUM geusb-8387 111 35 period period NOUN geusb-8387 111 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 112 1 the the DET geusb-8387 112 2 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 112 3 route route NOUN geusb-8387 112 4 plans plan VERB geusb-8387 112 5 to to PART geusb-8387 112 6 utilise utilise VERB geusb-8387 112 7 the the DET geusb-8387 112 8 maintained maintain VERB geusb-8387 112 9 land land NOUN geusb-8387 112 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 112 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 112 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 112 13 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 112 14 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 112 15 at at ADP geusb-8387 112 16 pituffik pituffik PROPN geusb-8387 112 17 harbour harbour PROPN geusb-8387 112 18 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 112 19 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 112 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 113 1 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 113 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 113 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 114 1 it it PRON geusb-8387 114 2 is be AUX geusb-8387 114 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 114 4 however however ADV geusb-8387 114 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 114 6 also also ADV geusb-8387 114 7 possible possible ADJ geusb-8387 114 8 to to ADP geusb-8387 114 9 transition transition VERB geusb-8387 114 10 from from ADP geusb-8387 114 11 land land NOUN geusb-8387 114 12 to to ADP geusb-8387 114 13 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 114 14 at at ADP geusb-8387 114 15 dundas dundas PROPN geusb-8387 114 16 village village NOUN geusb-8387 114 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 114 18 north north NOUN geusb-8387 114 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 114 20 the the DET geusb-8387 114 21 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 114 22 space space NOUN geusb-8387 114 23 base base NOUN geusb-8387 114 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 114 25 inside inside ADP geusb-8387 114 26 uummannap uummannap PROPN geusb-8387 114 27 kangerlua kangerlua NOUN geusb-8387 114 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 115 1 using use VERB geusb-8387 115 2 the the DET geusb-8387 115 3 dundas dundas PROPN geusb-8387 115 4 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 115 5 point point NOUN geusb-8387 115 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 115 7 which which PRON geusb-8387 115 8 remained remain VERB geusb-8387 115 9 within within ADP geusb-8387 115 10 the the DET geusb-8387 115 11 may may PROPN geusb-8387 115 12 land land NOUN geusb-8387 115 13 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 115 14 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 115 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 115 16 perimeter perimeter NOUN geusb-8387 115 17 in in ADP geusb-8387 115 18 all all DET geusb-8387 115 19 years year NOUN geusb-8387 115 20 during during ADP geusb-8387 115 21 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 115 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 116 1 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 116 2     SPACE geusb-8387 116 3 feature feature NOUN geusb-8387 116 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 116 5 the the DET geusb-8387 116 6 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 116 7 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 116 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 117 1 a a DET geusb-8387 117 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 117 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 117 4 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 117 5 velocity velocity NOUN geusb-8387 117 6 along along ADP geusb-8387 117 7 the the DET geusb-8387 117 8 tuto tuto NOUN geusb-8387 117 9 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 117 10 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 117 11 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 117 12 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 117 13 to to ADP geusb-8387 117 14 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 117 15 land land NOUN geusb-8387 117 16 derived derive VERB geusb-8387 117 17 from from ADP geusb-8387 117 18 a a DET geusb-8387 117 19 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 117 20 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 117 21 year year NOUN geusb-8387 117 22 average average NOUN geusb-8387 117 23 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 117 24 2016–2021 2016–2021 NUM geusb-8387 117 25 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 117 26 based base VERB geusb-8387 117 27 on on ADP geusb-8387 117 28 offset offset NOUN geusb-8387 117 29 tracking tracking NOUN geusb-8387 117 30 of of ADP geusb-8387 117 31 sentinel-1 sentinel-1 NUM geusb-8387 117 32 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 117 33 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 117 34 solgaard solgaard PROPN geusb-8387 117 35 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 117 36 kusk kusk PROPN geusb-8387 117 37 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 117 38 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 117 39 solgaard solgaard PROPN geusb-8387 117 40 et et PROPN geusb-8387 117 41     SPACE geusb-8387 117 42 al al PROPN geusb-8387 117 43 . . PROPN geusb-8387 117 44 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 117 45 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 117 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 118 1 b b X geusb-8387 118 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 118 3 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 118 4 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 118 5 along along ADP geusb-8387 118 6 both both DET geusb-8387 118 7 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 118 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 118 9 porter porter NOUN geusb-8387 118 10 et et NOUN geusb-8387 118 11     SPACE geusb-8387 118 12 al al PROPN geusb-8387 118 13 . . PROPN geusb-8387 118 14 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 118 15 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 118 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 119 1 vertical vertical ADJ geusb-8387 119 2 lines line NOUN geusb-8387 119 3 mark mark VERB geusb-8387 119 4 the the DET geusb-8387 119 5 location location NOUN geusb-8387 119 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 119 7 the the DET geusb-8387 119 8 promice promice NOUN geusb-8387 119 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 119 10 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 119 11 - - ADJ geusb-8387 119 12 net net ADJ geusb-8387 119 13 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 119 14 stations station NOUN geusb-8387 119 15 along along ADP geusb-8387 119 16 the the DET geusb-8387 119 17 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 119 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 120 1 these these DET geusb-8387 120 2 stations station NOUN geusb-8387 120 3 are be AUX geusb-8387 120 4 denoted denote VERB geusb-8387 120 5 thus thus ADV geusb-8387 120 6 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 120 7 thu_l thu_l VERB geusb-8387 120 8 for for ADP geusb-8387 120 9 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 120 10 lower low ADJ geusb-8387 120 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 120 12 cen cen NOUN geusb-8387 120 13 for for ADP geusb-8387 120 14 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 120 15 century century NOUN geusb-8387 120 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 120 17 hum hum NOUN geusb-8387 120 18 for for ADP geusb-8387 120 19 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 120 20 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 120 21 vandecrux vandecrux VERB geusb-8387 120 22 et et PROPN geusb-8387 120 23     SPACE geusb-8387 120 24 al al PROPN geusb-8387 120 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 120 26 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 120 27 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 120 28 how how SCONJ geusb-8387 120 29 et et NOUN geusb-8387 120 30     SPACE geusb-8387 120 31 al al PROPN geusb-8387 120 32 . . PROPN geusb-8387 120 33 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 120 34 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 120 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 121 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 121 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 121 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 121 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 121 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 121 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 121 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 121 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 121 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 121 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 121 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 121 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 121 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 121 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 122 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 122 2 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 122 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 122 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 122 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NOUN geusb-8387 122 6 2014–2024 2014–2024 NUM geusb-8387 122 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 122 8 may may AUX geusb-8387 122 9 mitigate mitigate VERB geusb-8387 122 10 early early ADJ geusb-8387 122 11 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 122 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 122 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 122 14 breakup breakup NOUN geusb-8387 122 15 in in ADP geusb-8387 122 16 the the DET geusb-8387 122 17 vicinity vicinity NOUN geusb-8387 122 18 of of ADP geusb-8387 122 19 appat appat PROPN geusb-8387 122 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 123 1 uummannap uummannap PROPN geusb-8387 123 2 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 123 3 is be AUX geusb-8387 123 4 rarely rarely ADV geusb-8387 123 5 filled fill VERB geusb-8387 123 6 with with ADP geusb-8387 123 7 land land NOUN geusb-8387 123 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 123 9 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 123 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 123 11 throughout throughout ADP geusb-8387 123 12 june june PROPN geusb-8387 123 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 124 1 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 124 2 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 124 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 124 4 at at ADV geusb-8387 124 5 least least ADV geusb-8387 124 6 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 124 7 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 124 8 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 124 9 is be AUX geusb-8387 124 10 present present ADJ geusb-8387 124 11 along along ADP geusb-8387 124 12 the the DET geusb-8387 124 13 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 124 14 route route NOUN geusb-8387 124 15 throughout throughout ADP geusb-8387 124 16 april april PROPN geusb-8387 124 17 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 124 18 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 124 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 125 1 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 125 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 125 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 126 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 126 2 includes include VERB geusb-8387 126 3 the the DET geusb-8387 126 4 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 126 5 classifications classification NOUN geusb-8387 126 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 126 7 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 8 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 126 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 126 10 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 126 12 assorted assorted ADJ geusb-8387 126 13 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 14 winter winter NOUN geusb-8387 126 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 126 16 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 17 types type NOUN geusb-8387 126 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 126 19 which which PRON geusb-8387 126 20 itself itself PRON geusb-8387 126 21 includes include VERB geusb-8387 126 22 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 23 thin thin ADJ geusb-8387 126 24 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 25 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 126 26 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 126 27 30–70 30–70 NUM geusb-8387 126 28 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 126 29 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 126 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 126 31 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 32 middle middle ADJ geusb-8387 126 33 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 34 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 126 35 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 126 36 70–120 70–120 NOUN geusb-8387 126 37 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 126 38 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 126 39 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 126 40 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 41 thick thick ADJ geusb-8387 126 42 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 126 43 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 126 44 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 126 45 > > X geusb-8387 126 46 120 120 NUM geusb-8387 126 47 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 126 48 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 126 49 types type NOUN geusb-8387 126 50 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 126 51 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 126 52 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 126 53 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 126 54 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 127 1 around around ADP geusb-8387 127 2 mid mid PROPN geusb-8387 127 3 - - PROPN geusb-8387 127 4 may may AUX geusb-8387 127 5 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 127 6 week week NOUN geusb-8387 127 7 19 19 NUM geusb-8387 127 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 127 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 127 10 thinner thin ADJ geusb-8387 127 11 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 127 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 127 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 127 14 classifications classification NOUN geusb-8387 127 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 127 16 including include VERB geusb-8387 127 17 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 18 young young ADJ geusb-8387 127 19 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 127 21 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 22 grey grey ADJ geusb-8387 127 23 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 127 25 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 26 thin thin ADJ geusb-8387 127 27 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 28 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 127 29 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 30 new new ADJ geusb-8387 127 31 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 127 32 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 127 33 become become VERB geusb-8387 127 34 increasingly increasingly ADV geusb-8387 127 35 present present ADJ geusb-8387 127 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 127 37 as as SCONJ geusb-8387 127 38 the the DET geusb-8387 127 39 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 127 40 regularly regularly ADV geusb-8387 127 41 transitions transition NOUN geusb-8387 127 42 to to PART geusb-8387 127 43 open open VERB geusb-8387 127 44 water water NOUN geusb-8387 127 45 by by ADP geusb-8387 127 46 late late ADJ geusb-8387 127 47 june june PROPN geusb-8387 127 48 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 128 1 within within ADP geusb-8387 128 2 this this DET geusb-8387 128 3 range range NOUN geusb-8387 128 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 128 5 winter winter PROPN geusb-8387 128 6 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 128 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 128 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 128 9 thicknesses thickness NOUN geusb-8387 128 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 128 11 canada canada PROPN geusb-8387 128 12 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 128 13 government government NOUN geusb-8387 128 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 128 15 the the DET geusb-8387 128 16 northwest northwest NOUN geusb-8387 128 17 territories territory NOUN geusb-8387 128 18 recommends recommend VERB geusb-8387 128 19 wheeled wheel VERB geusb-8387 128 20 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 128 21 loads load NOUN geusb-8387 128 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 128 23 ranging range VERB geusb-8387 128 24 from from ADP geusb-8387 128 25 3600 3600 NUM geusb-8387 128 26 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 128 27 at at ADP geusb-8387 128 28 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 128 29 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 128 30 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 128 31 to to ADP geusb-8387 128 32 57 57 NUM geusb-8387 128 33     SPACE geusb-8387 128 34 600 600 NUM geusb-8387 128 35 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 128 36 at at ADP geusb-8387 128 37 120 120 NUM geusb-8387 128 38 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 128 39 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 128 40 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 128 41 gnwt gnwt PROPN geusb-8387 128 42 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 128 43 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 128 44 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 129 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 129 2 assumes assume VERB geusb-8387 129 3 a a DET geusb-8387 129 4 natural natural ADJ geusb-8387 129 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 129 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 129 7 pressure pressure NOUN geusb-8387 129 8 factor factor NOUN geusb-8387 129 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 129 10 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 129 11 kg/ kg/ NOUN geusb-8387 129 12 cm2 cm2 PROPN geusb-8387 129 13 or or CCONJ geusb-8387 129 14 392 392 NUM geusb-8387 129 15 pa pa PROPN geusb-8387 129 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 129 17 which which PRON geusb-8387 129 18 may may AUX geusb-8387 129 19 be be AUX geusb-8387 129 20 exceedingly exceedingly ADV geusb-8387 129 21 conservative conservative ADJ geusb-8387 129 22 for for ADP geusb-8387 129 23 the the DET geusb-8387 129 24 low low ADJ geusb-8387 129 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 129 26 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 129 27 pressure pressure NOUN geusb-8387 129 28 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 129 29 suitable suitable ADJ geusb-8387 129 30 for for ADP geusb-8387 129 31 traversing traverse VERB geusb-8387 129 32 the the DET geusb-8387 129 33 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 129 34 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 129 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 130 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 130 2 any any DET geusb-8387 130 3 case case NOUN geusb-8387 130 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 130 5 the the DET geusb-8387 130 6 acceptable acceptable ADJ geusb-8387 130 7 load load NOUN geusb-8387 130 8 for for ADP geusb-8387 130 9 the the DET geusb-8387 130 10 seaice seaice NOUN geusb-8387 130 11 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 130 12 can can AUX geusb-8387 130 13 be be AUX geusb-8387 130 14 most most ADV geusb-8387 130 15 accurately accurately ADV geusb-8387 130 16 estimated estimate VERB geusb-8387 130 17 by by ADP geusb-8387 130 18 verifying verify VERB geusb-8387 130 19 the the DET geusb-8387 130 20 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 130 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 130 22 the the DET geusb-8387 130 23 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 130 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 130 25 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 130 26 route route NOUN geusb-8387 130 27 each each DET geusb-8387 130 28 year year NOUN geusb-8387 130 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 131 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 131 2 can can AUX geusb-8387 131 3 be be AUX geusb-8387 131 4 done do VERB geusb-8387 131 5 via via ADP geusb-8387 131 6 an an DET geusb-8387 131 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 131 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 131 9 penetrating penetrate VERB geusb-8387 131 10 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 131 11 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 131 12 with with ADP geusb-8387 131 13 accompanying accompany VERB geusb-8387 131 14 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 131 15 coring coring NOUN geusb-8387 131 16 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 131 17 masterson masterson PROPN geusb-8387 131 18 2009 2009 NUM geusb-8387 131 19 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 131 20 barrette barrette NOUN geusb-8387 131 21 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 131 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 131 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 132 1 similar similar ADJ geusb-8387 132 2 to to ADP geusb-8387 132 3 the the DET geusb-8387 132 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 132 5 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 132 6 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 132 7 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 132 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 132 9 the the DET geusb-8387 132 10 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 132 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 132 12 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 132 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 132 14 the the DET geusb-8387 132 15 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 132 16 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 132 17 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 132 18 can can AUX geusb-8387 132 19 be be AUX geusb-8387 132 20 hindered hinder VERB geusb-8387 132 21 by by ADP geusb-8387 132 22 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 132 23 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 132 24 above above ADV geusb-8387 132 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 132 26 freezing freezing NOUN geusb-8387 132 27 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 132 28 air air NOUN geusb-8387 132 29 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 132 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 132 31 which which PRON geusb-8387 132 32 warm warm ADJ geusb-8387 132 33 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 132 34 soften soften VERB geusb-8387 132 35 the the DET geusb-8387 132 36 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 132 37 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 133 1 near near ADP geusb-8387 133 2 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 133 3 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 133 4 level level NOUN geusb-8387 133 5 meteorological meteorological ADJ geusb-8387 133 6 records record NOUN geusb-8387 133 7 observed observe VERB geusb-8387 133 8 at at ADP geusb-8387 133 9 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 133 10 suggest suggest VERB geusb-8387 133 11 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 133 12 the the DET geusb-8387 133 13 average average ADJ geusb-8387 133 14 date date NOUN geusb-8387 133 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 133 16 thaw thaw NOUN geusb-8387 133 17 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 133 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 133 19 or or CCONJ geusb-8387 133 20 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 133 21 air air NOUN geusb-8387 133 22 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 133 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 133 24 is be AUX geusb-8387 133 25 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 133 26 may may AUX geusb-8387 133 27 over over ADP geusb-8387 133 28 the the DET geusb-8387 133 29 1995–2024 1995–2024 NUM geusb-8387 133 30 period period NOUN geusb-8387 133 31 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 133 32 menne menne PROPN geusb-8387 133 33 et et PROPN geusb-8387 133 34     SPACE geusb-8387 133 35 al al PROPN geusb-8387 133 36 . . PROPN geusb-8387 133 37 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 133 38 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 133 39 jensen jensen PROPN geusb-8387 133 40 et et PROPN geusb-8387 133 41     SPACE geusb-8387 133 42 al al PROPN geusb-8387 133 43 . . PROPN geusb-8387 133 44 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 133 45 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 133 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 134 1 the the DET geusb-8387 134 2 earliest early ADJ geusb-8387 134 3 date date NOUN geusb-8387 134 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 134 5 thaw thaw NOUN geusb-8387 134 6 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 134 7 during during ADP geusb-8387 134 8 this this DET geusb-8387 134 9 period period NOUN geusb-8387 134 10 has have AUX geusb-8387 134 11 been be AUX geusb-8387 134 12 18 18 NUM geusb-8387 134 13 march march NOUN geusb-8387 134 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 134 15 2013 2013 NUM geusb-8387 134 16 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 134 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 134 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 134 19 the the DET geusb-8387 134 20 latest late ADJ geusb-8387 134 21 date date NOUN geusb-8387 134 22 of of ADP geusb-8387 134 23 thaw thaw NOUN geusb-8387 134 24 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 134 25 during during ADP geusb-8387 134 26 this this DET geusb-8387 134 27 period period NOUN geusb-8387 134 28 has have AUX geusb-8387 134 29 been be AUX geusb-8387 134 30 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 134 31 june june PROPN geusb-8387 134 32 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 134 33 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 134 34 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 134 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 135 1 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 135 2 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 135 3 on on ADP geusb-8387 135 4 the the DET geusb-8387 135 5 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 135 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 135 7 should should AUX geusb-8387 135 8 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 135 9 ideally ideally ADV geusb-8387 135 10 occur occur VERB geusb-8387 135 11 prior prior ADV geusb-8387 135 12 to to ADP geusb-8387 135 13 mid mid NOUN geusb-8387 135 14 - - PROPN geusb-8387 135 15 may may NOUN geusb-8387 135 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 135 17 to to PART geusb-8387 135 18 avoid avoid VERB geusb-8387 135 19 softening soften VERB geusb-8387 135 20 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 135 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 135 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 135 23 certainly certainly ADV geusb-8387 135 24 before before ADP geusb-8387 135 25 the the DET geusb-8387 135 26 end end NOUN geusb-8387 135 27 of of ADP geusb-8387 135 28 may may AUX geusb-8387 135 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 135 30 to to PART geusb-8387 135 31 avoid avoid VERB geusb-8387 135 32 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 135 33 breakup breakup NOUN geusb-8387 135 34 of of ADP geusb-8387 135 35 the the DET geusb-8387 135 36 land land NOUN geusb-8387 135 37 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 135 38 fast fast NOUN geusb-8387 135 39 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 135 40 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 135 41 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 136 1 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 136 2 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 136 3 2017 2017 NUM geusb-8387 136 4 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 136 5 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 136 6 2019 2019 NUM geusb-8387 136 7 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 136 8 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 136 9 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 136 10 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 136 11 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 136 12 year year NOUN geusb-8387 136 13 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 136 14 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 136 15 2017 2017 NUM geusb-8387 136 16 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 136 17 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 136 18 2019 2019 NUM geusb-8387 136 19 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 136 20 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 136 21 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 136 22 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 136 23 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 136 24 year year NOUN geusb-8387 136 25 april april PROPN geusb-8387 136 26 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 136 27 week week NOUN geusb-8387 136 28 14–17 14–17 NUM geusb-8387 136 29 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 1 may may AUX geusb-8387 137 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 3 week week NOUN geusb-8387 137 4 18–22 18–22 NUM geusb-8387 137 5 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 6 june june PROPN geusb-8387 137 7 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 8 week week NOUN geusb-8387 137 9 22–27 22–27 NUM geusb-8387 137 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 11 d d NOUN geusb-8387 137 12 ev ev X geusb-8387 137 13 el el PROPN geusb-8387 137 14 op op PROPN geusb-8387 137 15 m m PROPN geusb-8387 137 16 en en ADP geusb-8387 137 17 t t PROPN geusb-8387 137 18 s s X geusb-8387 137 19 ta ta X geusb-8387 137 20 ge ge PROPN geusb-8387 137 21 fast fast PROPN geusb-8387 137 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 23 winter winter NOUN geusb-8387 137 24 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 26 30–220 30–220 NUM geusb-8387 137 27 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 137 28 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 29 young young ADJ geusb-8387 137 30 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 31 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 32 10–30 10–30 NUM geusb-8387 137 33 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 137 34 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 35 thin thin ADJ geusb-8387 137 36 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 37 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 38 < < X geusb-8387 137 39 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 137 40 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 137 41 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 42 new new ADJ geusb-8387 137 43 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 44 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 45 of of ADP geusb-8387 137 46 land land NOUN geusb-8387 137 47 origin origin NOUN geusb-8387 137 48 open open ADJ geusb-8387 137 49 water water NOUN geusb-8387 137 50 winter winter NOUN geusb-8387 137 51 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 52 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 53 30–220 30–220 NUM geusb-8387 137 54 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 137 55 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 56 young young ADJ geusb-8387 137 57 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 137 58 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 137 59 10–30 10–30 NUM geusb-8387 137 60 cm cm NOUN geusb-8387 137 61 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 137 62 week week NOUN geusb-8387 137 63 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 137 64 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 137 65 18 18 NUM geusb-8387 137 66 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 137 67 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 137 68 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 137 69 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 137 70 a a DET geusb-8387 137 71 b b NOUN geusb-8387 137 72 c c NOUN geusb-8387 137 73 d d X geusb-8387 137 74 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 137 75 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 138 1 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 138 2     SPACE geusb-8387 138 3 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 138 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 138 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 138 6 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 138 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 138 8 the the DET geusb-8387 138 9 vicinity vicinity NOUN geusb-8387 138 10 of of ADP geusb-8387 138 11 the the DET geusb-8387 138 12 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 138 13 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 138 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 139 1 a a DET geusb-8387 139 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 139 3 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 139 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 139 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 139 6 development development NOUN geusb-8387 139 7 stage stage NOUN geusb-8387 139 8 assessed assess VERB geusb-8387 139 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 139 10 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 139 11 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 139 12 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 139 13 charts chart NOUN geusb-8387 139 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 139 15 the the DET geusb-8387 139 16 danish danish PROPN geusb-8387 139 17 meteorological meteorological PROPN geusb-8387 139 18 institute institute PROPN geusb-8387 139 19 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 139 20 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 139 21 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 139 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 139 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 140 1 b b X geusb-8387 140 2 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 140 3 d d NOUN geusb-8387 140 4 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 140 5 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 140 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 140 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 140 8 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 140 9 delineated delineate VERB geusb-8387 140 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 140 11 landsat landsat PROPN geusb-8387 140 12 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 140 13 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 140 14 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 140 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 140 16 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 140 17 m m NOUN geusb-8387 140 18 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 140 19 for for ADP geusb-8387 140 20 april april PROPN geusb-8387 140 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 140 22 may may AUX geusb-8387 140 23 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 140 24 june june PROPN geusb-8387 140 25 during during ADP geusb-8387 140 26 the the DET geusb-8387 140 27 period period NOUN geusb-8387 140 28 2014–2024 2014–2024 NUM geusb-8387 140 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 141 1 acquisition acquisition NOUN geusb-8387 141 2 dates date NOUN geusb-8387 141 3 listed list VERB geusb-8387 141 4 in in ADP geusb-8387 141 5 table table NOUN geusb-8387 141 6 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 141 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 141 8 yellow yellow ADJ geusb-8387 141 9 line line NOUN geusb-8387 141 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 141 11 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 141 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 141 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 141 14 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 141 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 141 16 the the DET geusb-8387 141 17 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 141 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 142 1 table table NOUN geusb-8387 142 2 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 142 3     SPACE geusb-8387 142 4 acquisition acquisition NOUN geusb-8387 142 5 dates date NOUN geusb-8387 142 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 142 7 the the DET geusb-8387 142 8 available available ADJ geusb-8387 142 9 landsat landsat PROPN geusb-8387 142 10 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 142 11 cloud cloud NOUN geusb-8387 142 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 142 13 free free ADJ geusb-8387 142 14 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 142 15 used use VERB geusb-8387 142 16 for for ADP geusb-8387 142 17 mapping mapping NOUN geusb-8387 142 18 of of ADP geusb-8387 142 19 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 142 20 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 142 21 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 142 22 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 142 23 during during ADP geusb-8387 142 24 the the DET geusb-8387 142 25 2014–2024 2014–2024 NUM geusb-8387 142 26 period period NOUN geusb-8387 142 27 in in ADP geusb-8387 142 28 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 142 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 143 1 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 143 2 . . NOUN geusb-8387 143 3 year year NOUN geusb-8387 143 4 april april PROPN geusb-8387 144 1 may may AUX geusb-8387 144 2 june june PROPN geusb-8387 144 3 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 144 4 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 144 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 6 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 8 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 144 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 10 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 144 11 19 19 NUM geusb-8387 144 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 13 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 144 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 15 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 144 16 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 144 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 18 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 20 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 144 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 22 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 144 23 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 144 24 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 144 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 26 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 144 27 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 28 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 144 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 30 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 144 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 32 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 33 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 144 34 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 35 18 18 NUM geusb-8387 144 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 37 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 144 38 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 39 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 144 40 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 41 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 144 42 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 43 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 44 28 28 NUM geusb-8387 144 45 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 46 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 144 47 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 144 48 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 144 49 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 50 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 51 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 52 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 53 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 144 54 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 55 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 144 56 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 57 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 144 58 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 59 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 60 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 144 61 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 62 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 63 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 64 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 65 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 66 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 144 67 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 68 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 69 2017 2017 NUM geusb-8387 144 70 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 144 71 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 72 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 144 73 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 74 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 144 75 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 144 76 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 77 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 144 78 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 79 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 144 80 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 81 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 144 82 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 144 83 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 84 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 144 85 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 86 23 23 NUM geusb-8387 144 87 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 88 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 89 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 90 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 144 91 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 144 92 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 144 93 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 94 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 144 95 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 96 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 97 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 144 98 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 99 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 144 100 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 144 101 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 102 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 103 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 104 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 144 105 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 106 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 144 107 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 108 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 144 109 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 110 28 28 NUM geusb-8387 144 111 2019 2019 NUM geusb-8387 144 112 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 113 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 114 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 115 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 116 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 144 117 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 118 21 21 NUM geusb-8387 144 119 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 120 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 121 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 122 31 31 NUM geusb-8387 144 123 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 144 124 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 125 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 144 126 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 127 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 144 128 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 129 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 130 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 144 131 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 132 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 133 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 144 134 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 135 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 136 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 144 137 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 138 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 144 139 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 140 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 144 141 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 142 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 143 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 144 144 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 145 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 144 146 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 147 18 18 NUM geusb-8387 144 148 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 149 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 144 150 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 151 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 144 152 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 144 153 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 144 154 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 155 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 144 156 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 144 157 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 158 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 144 159 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 160 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 161 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 162 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 144 163 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 144 164 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 165 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 144 166 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 144 167 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 144 168 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 169 21 21 NUM geusb-8387 144 170 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 144 171 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 172 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 144 173 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 174 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 144 175 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 176 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 144 177 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 144 178 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 179 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 144 180 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 181 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 144 182 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 183 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 144 184 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 185 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 144 186 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 187 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 144 188 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 144 189 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 144 190 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 191 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 144 192 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 193 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 144 194 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 195 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 196 19 19 NUM geusb-8387 144 197 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 144 198 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 199 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 144 200 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 201 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 144 202 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 203 24 24 NUM geusb-8387 144 204 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 205 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 144 206 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 207 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 144 208 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 144 209 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 210 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 144 211 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 212 19 19 NUM geusb-8387 144 213 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 214 21 21 NUM geusb-8387 144 215 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 216 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 144 217 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 144 218 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 219 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 144 220 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 221 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 144 222 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 223 19 19 NUM geusb-8387 144 224 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 225 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 144 226 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 227 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 144 228 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 229 26 26 NUM geusb-8387 144 230 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 231 28 28 NUM geusb-8387 144 232 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 144 233 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 145 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 145 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ X geusb-8387 145 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 145 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 145 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 145 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 145 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 145 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 145 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 145 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 145 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 145 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 145 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 145 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 146 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 146 2 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 146 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 146 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 146 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NUM geusb-8387 146 6 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 146 7 road road NOUN geusb-8387 146 8 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 146 9 the the DET geusb-8387 146 10 32 32 NUM geusb-8387 146 11 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 146 12 km km NOUN geusb-8387 146 13 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 146 14 road road NOUN geusb-8387 146 15 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 146 16 traverses traverse VERB geusb-8387 146 17 the the DET geusb-8387 146 18 nunatarsuaq nunatarsuaq PROPN geusb-8387 146 19 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 146 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 146 21 from from ADP geusb-8387 146 22 the the DET geusb-8387 146 23 ocean ocean NOUN geusb-8387 146 24 shore shore NOUN geusb-8387 146 25 at at ADP geusb-8387 146 26 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 146 27 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 146 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 146 29 kristiansen kristiansen NOUN geusb-8387 146 30 point point NOUN geusb-8387 146 31 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 146 32 to to ADP geusb-8387 146 33 the the DET geusb-8387 146 34 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 146 35 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 146 36 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 146 37 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 146 38 at at ADP geusb-8387 146 39 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 146 40 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 146 41 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 146 42 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 146 43 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 146 44 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 146 45 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 146 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 147 1 fortunately fortunately ADV geusb-8387 147 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 147 3 the the DET geusb-8387 147 4 land land NOUN geusb-8387 147 5 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 147 6 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 147 7 nature nature NOUN geusb-8387 147 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 147 9 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 147 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 147 11 within within ADP geusb-8387 147 12 uummannap uummannap NOUN geusb-8387 147 13 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 147 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 147 15 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 147 16 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 147 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 147 18 minimises minimise NOUN geusb-8387 147 19 the the DET geusb-8387 147 20 development development NOUN geusb-8387 147 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 147 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 147 23 ridges ridge NOUN geusb-8387 147 24 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 147 25 with with ADP geusb-8387 147 26 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 147 27 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 147 28 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 147 29 thrusting thrusting NOUN geusb-8387 147 30 along along ADP geusb-8387 147 31 the the DET geusb-8387 147 32 shoreline shoreline NOUN geusb-8387 147 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 148 1 the the DET geusb-8387 148 2 sandy sandy ADJ geusb-8387 148 3 spit spit NOUN geusb-8387 148 4 at at ADP geusb-8387 148 5 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 148 6 nuua nuua ADV geusb-8387 148 7 has have VERB geusb-8387 148 8 shallow shallow ADJ geusb-8387 148 9 relief relief NOUN geusb-8387 148 10 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 148 11 presents present VERB geusb-8387 148 12 two two NUM geusb-8387 148 13 nearly nearly ADV geusb-8387 148 14 orthogonal orthogonal ADJ geusb-8387 148 15 beach beach NOUN geusb-8387 148 16 aspects aspect NOUN geusb-8387 148 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 149 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 149 2 offers offer VERB geusb-8387 149 3 some some DET geusb-8387 149 4 protection protection NOUN geusb-8387 149 5 against against ADP geusb-8387 149 6 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 149 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 149 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 149 9 ridging ridging NOUN geusb-8387 149 10 by by ADP geusb-8387 149 11 both both PRON geusb-8387 149 12 minimising minimise VERB geusb-8387 149 13 local local ADJ geusb-8387 149 14 formation formation NOUN geusb-8387 149 15 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 149 16 providing provide VERB geusb-8387 149 17 perpendicular perpendicular ADJ geusb-8387 149 18 approaches approach NOUN geusb-8387 149 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 150 1 from from ADP geusb-8387 150 2 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 150 3 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 150 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 150 5 the the DET geusb-8387 150 6 route route NOUN geusb-8387 150 7 ascends ascend VERB geusb-8387 150 8 the the DET geusb-8387 150 9 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 150 10 road road NOUN geusb-8387 150 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 150 12 the the DET geusb-8387 150 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 150 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 150 15 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 150 16 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 150 17 at at ADP geusb-8387 150 18 the the DET geusb-8387 150 19 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 150 20 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 150 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 151 1 the the DET geusb-8387 151 2 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 151 3 road road NOUN geusb-8387 151 4 appears appear VERB geusb-8387 151 5 to to PART geusb-8387 151 6 have have AUX geusb-8387 151 7 been be AUX geusb-8387 151 8 actively actively ADV geusb-8387 151 9 maintained maintain VERB geusb-8387 151 10 by by ADP geusb-8387 151 11 the the DET geusb-8387 151 12 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 151 13 between between ADP geusb-8387 151 14 its its PRON geusb-8387 151 15 1954 1954 NUM geusb-8387 151 16 initial initial ADJ geusb-8387 151 17 use use NOUN geusb-8387 151 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 151 19 the the DET geusb-8387 151 20 subsequent subsequent ADJ geusb-8387 151 21 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 151 22 completion completion NOUN geusb-8387 151 23 of of ADP geusb-8387 151 24 an an DET geusb-8387 151 25 improved improved ADJ geusb-8387 151 26 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 151 27 at at ADP geusb-8387 151 28 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 151 29 in in ADP geusb-8387 151 30 support support NOUN geusb-8387 151 31 of of ADP geusb-8387 151 32 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 151 33 century century NOUN geusb-8387 151 34 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 151 35 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 151 36 wes wes PROPN geusb-8387 151 37 1959 1959 NUM geusb-8387 151 38 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 151 39 davis davis PROPN geusb-8387 151 40 1967 1967 NUM geusb-8387 151 41 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 151 42 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 152 1 the the DET geusb-8387 152 2 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 152 3 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 152 4 has have AUX geusb-8387 152 5 received receive VERB geusb-8387 152 6 virtually virtually ADV geusb-8387 152 7 no no DET geusb-8387 152 8 maintenance maintenance NOUN geusb-8387 152 9 since since SCONJ geusb-8387 152 10 then then ADV geusb-8387 152 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 152 12 however however ADV geusb-8387 152 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 152 14 although although SCONJ geusb-8387 152 15 recreational recreational ADJ geusb-8387 152 16 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 152 17 from from ADP geusb-8387 152 18 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 152 19 are be AUX geusb-8387 152 20 known know VERB geusb-8387 152 21 to to PART geusb-8387 152 22 have have AUX geusb-8387 152 23 used use VERB geusb-8387 152 24 the the DET geusb-8387 152 25 route route NOUN geusb-8387 152 26 in in ADP geusb-8387 152 27 recent recent ADJ geusb-8387 152 28 years year NOUN geusb-8387 152 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 153 1 to to PART geusb-8387 153 2 evaluate evaluate VERB geusb-8387 153 3 the the DET geusb-8387 153 4 current current ADJ geusb-8387 153 5 condition condition NOUN geusb-8387 153 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 153 7 the the DET geusb-8387 153 8 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 153 9 access access NOUN geusb-8387 153 10 road road NOUN geusb-8387 153 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 153 12 we we PRON geusb-8387 153 13 analysed analyse VERB geusb-8387 153 14 a a DET geusb-8387 153 15 mosaic mosaic NOUN geusb-8387 153 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 153 17 spot spot NOUN geusb-8387 153 18 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 153 19 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 153 20 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 153 21 individual individual ADJ geusb-8387 153 22 scenes scene NOUN geusb-8387 153 23 tandem tandem VERB geusb-8387 153 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 153 25 x x NOUN geusb-8387 153 26 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 153 27 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 153 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 153 29 with with ADP geusb-8387 153 30 spatial spatial ADJ geusb-8387 153 31 resolutions resolution NOUN geusb-8387 153 32 of of ADP geusb-8387 153 33 1.6 1.6 NUM geusb-8387 153 34 m m NOUN geusb-8387 153 35 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 153 36 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 153 37 m m NOUN geusb-8387 153 38 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 153 39 respectively respectively ADV geusb-8387 153 40 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 154 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 154 2 the the DET geusb-8387 154 3 first first ADJ geusb-8387 154 4 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 154 5 km km NOUN geusb-8387 154 6 from from ADP geusb-8387 154 7 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 154 8 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 154 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 154 10 the the DET geusb-8387 154 11 road road NOUN geusb-8387 154 12 climbs climb VERB geusb-8387 154 13 more more ADJ geusb-8387 154 14 than than ADP geusb-8387 154 15 500 500 NUM geusb-8387 154 16 m m NOUN geusb-8387 154 17 in in ADP geusb-8387 154 18 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 154 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 154 20 then then ADV geusb-8387 154 21 a a DET geusb-8387 154 22 b b NOUN geusb-8387 154 23 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 154 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 155 1 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 155 2     SPACE geusb-8387 155 3 views view NOUN geusb-8387 155 4 to to ADP geusb-8387 155 5 the the DET geusb-8387 155 6 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 155 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 156 1 a a DET geusb-8387 156 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 156 3 oblique oblique ADJ geusb-8387 156 4 aerial aerial ADJ geusb-8387 156 5 photograph photograph NOUN geusb-8387 156 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 156 7 land land NOUN geusb-8387 156 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 156 9 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 156 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 156 11 within within ADP geusb-8387 156 12 uummannap uummannap NOUN geusb-8387 156 13 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 156 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 156 15 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 156 16 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 156 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 156 18 on on ADP geusb-8387 156 19 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 156 20 may may PROPN geusb-8387 156 21 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 156 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 157 1 naajat naajat PROPN geusb-8387 157 2 sermiat sermiat PROPN geusb-8387 157 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 157 4 chamberlin chamberlin PROPN geusb-8387 157 5 glacier glacier PROPN geusb-8387 157 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 157 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 157 8 the the DET geusb-8387 157 9 background background NOUN geusb-8387 157 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 158 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 158 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 158 3 william william PROPN geusb-8387 158 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 158 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 159 1 b b X geusb-8387 159 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 159 3 photograph photograph NOUN geusb-8387 159 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 159 5 the the DET geusb-8387 159 6 land land NOUN geusb-8387 159 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 159 8 to to ADP geusb-8387 159 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 159 10 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 159 11 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 159 12 maintained maintain VERB geusb-8387 159 13 at at ADP geusb-8387 159 14 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 159 15 harbour harbour NOUN geusb-8387 159 16 on on ADP geusb-8387 159 17 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 159 18 may may PROPN geusb-8387 159 19 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 159 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 160 1 uummannaq uummannaq PROPN geusb-8387 160 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 160 3 dundas dundas PROPN geusb-8387 160 4 fjeld fjeld PROPN geusb-8387 160 5 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 160 6 in in ADP geusb-8387 160 7 the the DET geusb-8387 160 8 background background NOUN geusb-8387 160 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 161 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 161 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 161 3 william william PROPN geusb-8387 161 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 161 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 162 1 the the DET geusb-8387 162 2 location location NOUN geusb-8387 162 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 162 4 the the DET geusb-8387 162 5 photos photo NOUN geusb-8387 162 6 is be AUX geusb-8387 162 7 depicted depict VERB geusb-8387 162 8 in in ADP geusb-8387 162 9 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 162 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 163 1 2 2 X geusb-8387 163 2 . . X geusb-8387 163 3 the the DET geusb-8387 163 4 black black ADJ geusb-8387 163 5 dashed dash VERB geusb-8387 163 6 line line NOUN geusb-8387 163 7 represents represent VERB geusb-8387 163 8 the the DET geusb-8387 163 9 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 163 10 route route NOUN geusb-8387 163 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 164 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 164 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 164 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 164 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 164 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 164 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 164 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 164 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 164 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 164 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 164 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 164 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 164 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 164 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 165 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 165 2 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 165 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 165 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 165 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org PROPN geusb-8387 165 6 follows follow VERB geusb-8387 165 7 natural natural ADJ geusb-8387 165 8 topography topography NOUN geusb-8387 165 9 on on ADP geusb-8387 165 10 the the DET geusb-8387 165 11 nunatarsuaq nunatarsuaq PROPN geusb-8387 165 12 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 165 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 166 1 nearly nearly ADV geusb-8387 166 2 the the DET geusb-8387 166 3 entire entire ADJ geusb-8387 166 4 road road NOUN geusb-8387 166 5 length length NOUN geusb-8387 166 6 appears appear VERB geusb-8387 166 7 to to PART geusb-8387 166 8 be be AUX geusb-8387 166 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 166 10 good good ADJ geusb-8387 166 11 condition condition NOUN geusb-8387 166 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 166 13 with with ADP geusb-8387 166 14 the the DET geusb-8387 166 15 raised raise VERB geusb-8387 166 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 166 17 graded grade VERB geusb-8387 166 18 material material NOUN geusb-8387 166 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 166 20 the the DET geusb-8387 166 21 roadbed roadbed NOUN geusb-8387 166 22 intact intact ADJ geusb-8387 166 23 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 166 24 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 166 25 from from ADP geusb-8387 166 26 space space NOUN geusb-8387 166 27 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 166 28 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 166 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 167 1 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 167 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 167 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 168 1 at at ADP geusb-8387 168 2 seven seven NUM geusb-8387 168 3 stream stream NOUN geusb-8387 168 4 crossings crossing NOUN geusb-8387 168 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 168 6 however however ADV geusb-8387 168 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 168 8 the the DET geusb-8387 168 9 roadbed roadbed NOUN geusb-8387 168 10 has have AUX geusb-8387 168 11 clearly clearly ADV geusb-8387 168 12 been be AUX geusb-8387 168 13 eroded erode VERB geusb-8387 168 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 169 1 such such ADJ geusb-8387 169 2 washouts washout NOUN geusb-8387 169 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 169 4 road road NOUN geusb-8387 169 5 material material NOUN geusb-8387 169 6 are be AUX geusb-8387 169 7 regularly regularly ADV geusb-8387 169 8 reported report VERB geusb-8387 169 9 during during ADP geusb-8387 169 10 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 169 11 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 169 12 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 169 13 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 169 14 period period NOUN geusb-8387 169 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 169 16 wes wes PROPN geusb-8387 169 17 1959 1959 NUM geusb-8387 169 18 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 169 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 170 1 wind wind NOUN geusb-8387 170 2 sheltering shelter VERB geusb-8387 170 3 can can AUX geusb-8387 170 4 cause cause VERB geusb-8387 170 5 drifting drift VERB geusb-8387 170 6 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 170 7 to to PART geusb-8387 170 8 preferentially preferentially ADV geusb-8387 170 9 accumulate accumulate VERB geusb-8387 170 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 170 11 topographic topographic ADJ geusb-8387 170 12 depressions depression NOUN geusb-8387 170 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 170 14 due due ADP geusb-8387 170 15 to to ADP geusb-8387 170 16 aeolian aeolian ADJ geusb-8387 170 17 deposition deposition NOUN geusb-8387 170 18 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 170 19 with with ADP geusb-8387 170 20 decreased decrease VERB geusb-8387 170 21 windspeeds windspeed NOUN geusb-8387 170 22 in in ADP geusb-8387 170 23 sheltered sheltered ADJ geusb-8387 170 24 depressions depression NOUN geusb-8387 170 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 170 26 mott mott PROPN geusb-8387 170 27 et et PROPN geusb-8387 170 28     SPACE geusb-8387 170 29 al al PROPN geusb-8387 170 30 . . PROPN geusb-8387 170 31 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 170 32 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 170 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 171 1 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 171 2 has have AUX geusb-8387 171 3 operated operate VERB geusb-8387 171 4 on on ADP geusb-8387 171 5 the the DET geusb-8387 171 6 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 171 7 access access PROPN geusb-8387 171 8 road road NOUN geusb-8387 171 9 most most ADJ geusb-8387 171 10 springs spring NOUN geusb-8387 171 11 since since SCONJ geusb-8387 171 12 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 171 13 2010 2010 NUM geusb-8387 171 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 172 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 172 2 our our PRON geusb-8387 172 3 experience experience NOUN geusb-8387 172 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 172 5 windblown windblown PROPN geusb-8387 172 6 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 172 7 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 172 8 collects collect VERB geusb-8387 172 9 on on ADP geusb-8387 172 10 the the DET geusb-8387 172 11 road road NOUN geusb-8387 172 12 where where SCONJ geusb-8387 172 13 it it PRON geusb-8387 172 14 forms form VERB geusb-8387 172 15 a a DET geusb-8387 172 16 local local ADJ geusb-8387 172 17 depression depression NOUN geusb-8387 172 18 relative relative ADJ geusb-8387 172 19 to to ADP geusb-8387 172 20 surrounding surround VERB geusb-8387 172 21 topography topography NOUN geusb-8387 172 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 173 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 173 2 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 173 3 expect expect VERB geusb-8387 173 4 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 173 5 windblown windblown NOUN geusb-8387 173 6 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 173 7 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 173 8 will will AUX geusb-8387 173 9 preferentially preferentially ADV geusb-8387 173 10 collect collect VERB geusb-8387 173 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 173 12 washouts washout NOUN geusb-8387 173 13 on on ADP geusb-8387 173 14 the the DET geusb-8387 173 15 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 173 16 access access NOUN geusb-8387 173 17 road road NOUN geusb-8387 173 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 174 1 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 174 2 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 174 3 coverage coverage NOUN geusb-8387 174 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 174 5 however however ADV geusb-8387 174 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 174 7 is be AUX geusb-8387 174 8 far far ADV geusb-8387 174 9 from from ADP geusb-8387 174 10 uniform uniform NOUN geusb-8387 174 11 on on ADP geusb-8387 174 12 the the DET geusb-8387 174 13 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 174 14 peninsula peninsula NOUN geusb-8387 174 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 174 16 both both CCONJ geusb-8387 174 17 through through ADP geusb-8387 174 18 time time NOUN geusb-8387 174 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 174 20 space space NOUN geusb-8387 174 21 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 174 22 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 174 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 175 1 8) 8) NUM geusb-8387 175 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 175 3 from from ADP geusb-8387 175 4 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 175 5 experience experience NOUN geusb-8387 175 6 at at ADP geusb-8387 175 7 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 175 8 access access PROPN geusb-8387 175 9 road road NOUN geusb-8387 175 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 175 11 we we PRON geusb-8387 175 12 expect expect VERB geusb-8387 175 13 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 175 14 the the DET geusb-8387 175 15 majority majority NOUN geusb-8387 175 16 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 175 17 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 175 18 75 75 NUM geusb-8387 175 19 % % NOUN geusb-8387 175 20 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 175 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 175 22 the the DET geusb-8387 175 23 access access NOUN geusb-8387 175 24 road road NOUN geusb-8387 175 25 remains remain VERB geusb-8387 175 26 effectively effectively ADV geusb-8387 175 27 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 175 28 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 175 29 free free ADJ geusb-8387 175 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 175 31 due due ADP geusb-8387 175 32 to to ADP geusb-8387 175 33 its its PRON geusb-8387 175 34 elevated elevated ADJ geusb-8387 175 35 relief relief NOUN geusb-8387 175 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 175 37 with with ADP geusb-8387 175 38 only only ADV geusb-8387 175 39 a a DET geusb-8387 175 40 minority minority NOUN geusb-8387 175 41 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 175 42 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 175 43 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 175 44 % % NOUN geusb-8387 175 45 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 175 46 of of ADP geusb-8387 175 47 the the DET geusb-8387 175 48 access access NOUN geusb-8387 175 49 road road NOUN geusb-8387 175 50 having have VERB geusb-8387 175 51 sufficiently sufficiently ADV geusb-8387 175 52 depressed depressed ADJ geusb-8387 175 53 local local ADJ geusb-8387 175 54 relief relief NOUN geusb-8387 175 55 to to PART geusb-8387 175 56 develop develop VERB geusb-8387 175 57 a a DET geusb-8387 175 58 windblown windblown NOUN geusb-8387 175 59 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 175 60 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 176 1 if if SCONJ geusb-8387 176 2 the the DET geusb-8387 176 3 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 176 4 access access NOUN geusb-8387 176 5 road road NOUN geusb-8387 176 6 shares share NOUN geusb-8387 176 7 these these DET geusb-8387 176 8 general general ADJ geusb-8387 176 9 characteristics characteristic NOUN geusb-8387 176 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 176 11 then then ADV geusb-8387 176 12 depressed depressed ADJ geusb-8387 176 13 stream stream NOUN geusb-8387 176 14 crossings crossing NOUN geusb-8387 176 15 will will AUX geusb-8387 176 16 likely likely ADV geusb-8387 176 17 be be AUX geusb-8387 176 18 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 176 19 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 176 20 filled fill VERB geusb-8387 176 21 each each DET geusb-8387 176 22 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 176 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 177 1 the the DET geusb-8387 177 2 majority majority NOUN geusb-8387 177 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 177 4 the the DET geusb-8387 177 5 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 177 6 road road NOUN geusb-8387 177 7 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 177 8 will will AUX geusb-8387 177 9 also also ADV geusb-8387 177 10 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 177 11 take take VERB geusb-8387 177 12 place place NOUN geusb-8387 177 13 on on ADP geusb-8387 177 14 gravel gravel NOUN geusb-8387 177 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 177 16 rather rather ADV geusb-8387 177 17 than than ADP geusb-8387 177 18 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 177 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 178 1 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 178 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 178 3 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 178 4 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 178 5 the the DET geusb-8387 178 6 717 717 NUM geusb-8387 178 7 km km NOUN geusb-8387 178 8 long long ADJ geusb-8387 178 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 178 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 178 11 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 178 12 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 178 13 begins begin VERB geusb-8387 178 14 with with ADP geusb-8387 178 15 the the DET geusb-8387 178 16 ascent ascent NOUN geusb-8387 178 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 178 18 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 178 19 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 178 20 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 178 21 ends end VERB geusb-8387 178 22 in in ADP geusb-8387 178 23 the the DET geusb-8387 178 24 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 178 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 178 26 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 178 27 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 178 28 area area NOUN geusb-8387 178 29 in in ADP geusb-8387 178 30 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 178 31 land land NOUN geusb-8387 178 32 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 178 33 nobles noble NOUN geusb-8387 178 34 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 178 35 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 178 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 179 1 this this DET geusb-8387 179 2 longest long ADJ geusb-8387 179 3 portion portion NOUN geusb-8387 179 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 179 5 the the DET geusb-8387 179 6 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 179 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 179 8 has have VERB geusb-8387 179 9 two two NUM geusb-8387 179 10 main main ADJ geusb-8387 179 11 challenges challenge NOUN geusb-8387 179 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 179 13 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 179 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 179 15 the the DET geusb-8387 179 16 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 179 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 179 18 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 179 19 safety safety NOUN geusb-8387 179 20 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 179 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 180 1 the the DET geusb-8387 180 2 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 180 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 180 4 the the DET geusb-8387 180 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 180 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 180 7 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 180 8 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 180 9 is be AUX geusb-8387 180 10 highly highly ADV geusb-8387 180 11 dependent dependent ADJ geusb-8387 180 12 on on ADP geusb-8387 180 13 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 180 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 180 15 firm firm ADJ geusb-8387 180 16 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 180 17 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 180 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 180 19 as as ADV geusb-8387 180 20 warm warm ADJ geusb-8387 180 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 180 22 soft soft ADJ geusb-8387 180 23 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 180 24 can can AUX geusb-8387 180 25 significantly significantly ADV geusb-8387 180 26 hinder hinder VERB geusb-8387 180 27 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 180 28 performance performance NOUN geusb-8387 180 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 181 1 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 181 2 melting melting NOUN geusb-8387 181 3 can can AUX geusb-8387 181 4 also also ADV geusb-8387 181 5 present present VERB geusb-8387 181 6 obstacles obstacle NOUN geusb-8387 181 7 such such ADJ geusb-8387 181 8 as as ADP geusb-8387 181 9 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 181 10 lakes lake NOUN geusb-8387 181 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 181 12 streams stream NOUN geusb-8387 181 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 182 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 182 2 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 182 3 the the DET geusb-8387 182 4 likelihood likelihood NOUN geusb-8387 182 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 182 6 encountering encounter VERB geusb-8387 182 7 melting melting NOUN geusb-8387 182 8 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 182 9 using use VERB geusb-8387 182 10 observations observation NOUN geusb-8387 182 11 from from ADP geusb-8387 182 12 the the DET geusb-8387 182 13 promice promice NOUN geusb-8387 182 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 182 15 programme programme NOUN geusb-8387 182 16 for for ADP geusb-8387 182 17 the the DET geusb-8387 182 18 monitoring monitoring NOUN geusb-8387 182 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 182 20 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 182 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 183 1 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 183 2     SPACE geusb-8387 183 3 map map NOUN geusb-8387 183 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 183 5 a a DET geusb-8387 183 6 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 183 7 road road NOUN geusb-8387 183 8 on on ADP geusb-8387 183 9 the the DET geusb-8387 183 10 nunatarsuaq nunatarsuaq PROPN geusb-8387 183 11 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 183 12 between between ADP geusb-8387 183 13 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 183 14 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 183 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 183 16 kristiansen kristiansen NOUN geusb-8387 183 17 point point NOUN geusb-8387 183 18 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 183 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 183 20 the the DET geusb-8387 183 21 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 183 22 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 183 23 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 183 24 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 183 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 184 1 a a DET geusb-8387 184 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 184 3 topographic topographic ADJ geusb-8387 184 4 map map NOUN geusb-8387 184 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 184 6 the the DET geusb-8387 184 7 entire entire ADJ geusb-8387 184 8 road road NOUN geusb-8387 184 9 length length NOUN geusb-8387 184 10 with with ADP geusb-8387 184 11 suspected suspect VERB geusb-8387 184 12 washouts washout NOUN geusb-8387 184 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 184 14 the the DET geusb-8387 184 15 roadbed roadbed NOUN geusb-8387 184 16 indicated indicate VERB geusb-8387 184 17 in in ADP geusb-8387 184 18 red red PROPN geusb-8387 184 19 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 184 20 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 184 21 2024a 2024a NUM geusb-8387 184 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 184 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 185 1 b b X geusb-8387 185 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 185 3 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 185 4 image image NOUN geusb-8387 185 5 at at ADP geusb-8387 185 6 landfall landfall NOUN geusb-8387 185 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 185 8 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup VERB geusb-8387 185 9 nuua nuua NOUN geusb-8387 185 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 186 1 c c X geusb-8387 186 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 186 3 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 186 4 image image NOUN geusb-8387 186 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 186 6 the the DET geusb-8387 186 7 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 186 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 186 9 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 186 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 187 1 d d X geusb-8387 187 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 187 3 detailed detailed ADJ geusb-8387 187 4 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 187 5 image image NOUN geusb-8387 187 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 187 7 a a DET geusb-8387 187 8 road road NOUN geusb-8387 187 9 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 187 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 187 11 good good ADJ geusb-8387 187 12 condition condition NOUN geusb-8387 187 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 188 1 e e X geusb-8387 188 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 188 3 detailed detail VERB geusb-8387 188 4 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 188 5 image image NOUN geusb-8387 188 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 188 7 a a DET geusb-8387 188 8 road road NOUN geusb-8387 188 9 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 188 10 likely likely ADV geusb-8387 188 11 eroded erode VERB geusb-8387 188 12 by by ADP geusb-8387 188 13 a a DET geusb-8387 188 14 river river NOUN geusb-8387 188 15 crossing crossing NOUN geusb-8387 188 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 189 1 all all DET geusb-8387 189 2 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 189 3 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 189 4 images image NOUN geusb-8387 189 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 189 6 spot spot NOUN geusb-8387 189 7 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 189 8 images image NOUN geusb-8387 189 9 from from ADP geusb-8387 189 10 july july PROPN geusb-8387 189 11 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 189 12 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 189 13 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 189 14 2024b 2024b NUM geusb-8387 189 15 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 189 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 190 1 the the DET geusb-8387 190 2 black black ADJ geusb-8387 190 3 dashed dash VERB geusb-8387 190 4 line line NOUN geusb-8387 190 5 represents represent VERB geusb-8387 190 6 the the DET geusb-8387 190 7 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 190 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 190 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 191 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 191 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 191 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 191 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 191 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 191 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 191 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 191 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 191 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 191 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 191 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 191 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 191 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 191 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 192 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 192 2 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 192 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 192 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 192 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org PROPN geusb-8387 192 6 the the DET geusb-8387 192 7 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 192 8 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 192 9 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 192 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 192 11 thule thule VERB geusb-8387 192 12 lower lower ADV geusb-8387 192 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 192 14 thu_l thu_l ADJ geusb-8387 192 15 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 192 16 570 570 NUM geusb-8387 192 17 m m NOUN geusb-8387 192 18 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 192 19 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 192 20 automated automate VERB geusb-8387 192 21 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 192 22 station station NOUN geusb-8387 192 23 located locate VERB geusb-8387 192 24 on on ADP geusb-8387 192 25 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 192 26 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 192 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 193 1 this this DET geusb-8387 193 2 station station NOUN geusb-8387 193 3 is be AUX geusb-8387 193 4 representative representative ADJ geusb-8387 193 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 193 6 the the DET geusb-8387 193 7 warmest warm ADJ geusb-8387 193 8 low low ADJ geusb-8387 193 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 193 10 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 193 11 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 193 12 along along ADP geusb-8387 193 13 the the DET geusb-8387 193 14 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 193 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 193 16 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 193 17 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 193 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 194 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 194 2 also also ADV geusb-8387 194 3 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 194 4 the the DET geusb-8387 194 5 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 194 6 - - NOUN geusb-8387 194 7 net net NOUN geusb-8387 194 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 194 9 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 194 10 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 194 11 network network PROPN geusb-8387 194 12 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 194 13 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 194 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 194 15 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 194 16 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 194 17 station station NOUN geusb-8387 194 18 in in ADP geusb-8387 194 19 the the DET geusb-8387 194 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 194 21 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 194 22 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 194 23 interior interior NOUN geusb-8387 194 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 194 25 as as ADP geusb-8387 194 26 representative representative NOUN geusb-8387 194 27 of of ADP geusb-8387 194 28 the the DET geusb-8387 194 29 coldest cold ADJ geusb-8387 194 30 high high ADJ geusb-8387 194 31 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 194 32 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 194 33 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 194 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 195 1 the the DET geusb-8387 195 2 annual annual ADJ geusb-8387 195 3 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 195 4 degree degree NOUN geusb-8387 195 5 days day NOUN geusb-8387 195 6 assessed assess VERB geusb-8387 195 7 at at ADP geusb-8387 195 8 thu_l thu_l ADJ geusb-8387 195 9 during during ADP geusb-8387 195 10 the the DET geusb-8387 195 11 2010–2023 2010–2023 NUM geusb-8387 195 12 observational observational ADJ geusb-8387 195 13 period period NOUN geusb-8387 195 14 ranges range VERB geusb-8387 195 15 from from ADP geusb-8387 195 16 51 51 NUM geusb-8387 195 17 days day NOUN geusb-8387 195 18 in in ADP geusb-8387 195 19 2013 2013 NUM geusb-8387 195 20 to to ADP geusb-8387 195 21 97 97 NUM geusb-8387 195 22 days day NOUN geusb-8387 195 23 in in ADP geusb-8387 195 24 2019 2019 NUM geusb-8387 195 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 195 26 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 195 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 196 1 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 196 2 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 196 3 fausto fausto PROPN geusb-8387 196 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 196 5     SPACE geusb-8387 196 6 al al PROPN geusb-8387 196 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 196 8 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 196 9 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 197 1 how how SCONJ geusb-8387 197 2 et et NOUN geusb-8387 197 3     SPACE geusb-8387 197 4 al al PROPN geusb-8387 197 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 197 6 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 197 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 197 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 198 1 during during ADP geusb-8387 198 2 this this DET geusb-8387 198 3 period period NOUN geusb-8387 198 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 198 5 the the DET geusb-8387 198 6 average average ADJ geusb-8387 198 7 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 198 8 onset onset VERB geusb-8387 198 9 at at ADP geusb-8387 198 10 thu_l thu_l ADJ geusb-8387 198 11 is be AUX geusb-8387 198 12 29 29 NUM geusb-8387 198 13 june june PROPN geusb-8387 198 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 198 15 with with ADP geusb-8387 198 16 the the DET geusb-8387 198 17 earliest early ADJ geusb-8387 198 18 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 198 19 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 198 20 recorded record VERB geusb-8387 198 21 on on ADP geusb-8387 198 22 18 18 NUM geusb-8387 198 23 march march NOUN geusb-8387 198 24 2013 2013 NUM geusb-8387 198 25 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 198 26 latest late ADJ geusb-8387 198 27 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 198 28 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 198 29 recorded record VERB geusb-8387 198 30 on on ADP geusb-8387 198 31 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 198 32 august august PROPN geusb-8387 198 33 2010 2010 NUM geusb-8387 198 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 199 1 these these DET geusb-8387 199 2 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 199 3 degree degree NOUN geusb-8387 199 4 days day NOUN geusb-8387 199 5 represent represent VERB geusb-8387 199 6 the the DET geusb-8387 199 7 cumulative cumulative ADJ geusb-8387 199 8 number number NOUN geusb-8387 199 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 199 10 degrees degree NOUN geusb-8387 199 11 celsius celsius NOUN geusb-8387 199 12 that that PRON geusb-8387 199 13 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 199 14 mean mean NOUN geusb-8387 199 15 air air NOUN geusb-8387 199 16 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 199 17 are be AUX geusb-8387 199 18 above above ADP geusb-8387 199 19 0 0 NUM geusb-8387 199 20 ° ° ADP geusb-8387 199 21 c c NOUN geusb-8387 199 22 during during ADP geusb-8387 199 23 a a DET geusb-8387 199 24 single single ADJ geusb-8387 199 25 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 199 26 season season NOUN geusb-8387 199 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 200 1 their their PRON geusb-8387 200 2 cumulative cumulative ADJ geusb-8387 200 3 values value NOUN geusb-8387 200 4 provide provide VERB geusb-8387 200 5 an an DET geusb-8387 200 6 indication indication NOUN geusb-8387 200 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 200 8 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 200 9 intensity intensity NOUN geusb-8387 200 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 201 1 this this DET geusb-8387 201 2 thu_l thu_l ADJ geusb-8387 201 3 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 201 4 degree degree NOUN geusb-8387 201 5 day day NOUN geusb-8387 201 6 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 201 7 suggests suggest VERB geusb-8387 201 8 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 201 9 melting melting NOUN geusb-8387 201 10 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 201 11 become become VERB geusb-8387 201 12 typical typical ADJ geusb-8387 201 13 after after ADP geusb-8387 201 14 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 201 15 june june PROPN geusb-8387 201 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 202 1 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 202 2 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 202 3 on on ADP geusb-8387 202 4 the the DET geusb-8387 202 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 202 6 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 202 7 should should AUX geusb-8387 202 8 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 202 9 conclude conclude VERB geusb-8387 202 10 by by ADP geusb-8387 202 11 the the DET geusb-8387 202 12 end end NOUN geusb-8387 202 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 202 14 may may AUX geusb-8387 202 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 202 16 to to PART geusb-8387 202 17 avoid avoid VERB geusb-8387 202 18 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 202 19 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 202 20 of of ADP geusb-8387 202 21 the the DET geusb-8387 202 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 202 23 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 202 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 203 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 203 2 also also ADV geusb-8387 203 3 assess assess VERB geusb-8387 203 4 air air NOUN geusb-8387 203 5 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 203 6 at at ADP geusb-8387 203 7 the the DET geusb-8387 203 8 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 203 9 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 203 10 station station NOUN geusb-8387 203 11 between between ADP geusb-8387 203 12 1995 1995 NUM geusb-8387 203 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 203 14 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 203 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 203 16 fausto fausto PROPN geusb-8387 203 17 et et PROPN geusb-8387 203 18     SPACE geusb-8387 203 19 al al PROPN geusb-8387 203 20 . . PROPN geusb-8387 203 21 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 203 22 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 203 23 vandecrux vandecrux VERB geusb-8387 203 24 et et PROPN geusb-8387 203 25     SPACE geusb-8387 203 26 al al PROPN geusb-8387 203 27 . . PROPN geusb-8387 203 28 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 203 29 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 203 30 how how SCONJ geusb-8387 203 31 et et NOUN geusb-8387 203 32     SPACE geusb-8387 203 33 al al PROPN geusb-8387 203 34 . . PROPN geusb-8387 203 35 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 203 36 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 203 37 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 204 1 at at ADP geusb-8387 204 2 1950 1950 NUM geusb-8387 204 3 m m NOUN geusb-8387 204 4 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 204 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 204 6 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 204 7 is be AUX geusb-8387 204 8 characteristic characteristic ADJ geusb-8387 204 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 204 10 the the DET geusb-8387 204 11 high high ADJ geusb-8387 204 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 204 13 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 204 14 firn firn NOUN geusb-8387 204 15 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 204 16 that that PRON geusb-8387 204 17 comprises comprise VERB geusb-8387 204 18 most most ADJ geusb-8387 204 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 204 20 the the DET geusb-8387 204 21 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 204 22 route route NOUN geusb-8387 204 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 205 1 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 205 2 average average ADJ geusb-8387 205 3 air air NOUN geusb-8387 205 4 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 205 5 at at ADP geusb-8387 205 6 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 205 7 rarely rarely ADV geusb-8387 205 8 a a DET geusb-8387 205 9 b b NOUN geusb-8387 205 10 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 205 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 206 1 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 206 2     SPACE geusb-8387 206 3 view view NOUN geusb-8387 206 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 206 5 the the DET geusb-8387 206 6 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 206 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 207 1 a a DET geusb-8387 207 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 207 3 photograph photograph NOUN geusb-8387 207 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 207 5 a a DET geusb-8387 207 6 relatively relatively ADV geusb-8387 207 7 elevated elevated ADJ geusb-8387 207 8 portion portion NOUN geusb-8387 207 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 207 10 the the DET geusb-8387 207 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 207 12 access access NOUN geusb-8387 207 13 road road NOUN geusb-8387 207 14 that that PRON geusb-8387 207 15 remains remain VERB geusb-8387 207 16 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 207 17 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 207 18 free free ADJ geusb-8387 207 19 in in ADP geusb-8387 207 20 the the DET geusb-8387 207 21 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 207 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 207 23 27 27 NUM geusb-8387 207 24 may may PROPN geusb-8387 207 25 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 207 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 207 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 208 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 208 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 208 3 william william PROPN geusb-8387 208 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 208 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 209 1 b b X geusb-8387 209 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 209 3 photograph photograph NOUN geusb-8387 209 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 209 5 a a DET geusb-8387 209 6 relatively relatively ADV geusb-8387 209 7 depressed depressed ADJ geusb-8387 209 8 portion portion NOUN geusb-8387 209 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 209 10 the the DET geusb-8387 209 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 209 12 access access PROPN geusb-8387 209 13 road road NOUN geusb-8387 209 14 where where SCONJ geusb-8387 209 15 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 209 16 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 209 17 depth depth NOUN geusb-8387 209 18 is be AUX geusb-8387 209 19 > > X geusb-8387 209 20 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 209 21 m m NOUN geusb-8387 209 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 209 23 31 31 NUM geusb-8387 209 24 may may PROPN geusb-8387 209 25 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 209 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 209 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 210 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 210 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 210 3 william william PROPN geusb-8387 210 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 210 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 211 1 the the DET geusb-8387 211 2 location location NOUN geusb-8387 211 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 211 4 the the DET geusb-8387 211 5 photos photo NOUN geusb-8387 211 6 is be AUX geusb-8387 211 7 depicted depict VERB geusb-8387 211 8 in in ADP geusb-8387 211 9 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 211 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 212 1 2 2 X geusb-8387 212 2 . . X geusb-8387 213 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 213 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 213 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 213 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 213 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 213 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 213 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 213 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 213 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 213 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 213 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 213 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 213 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 213 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 214 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 214 2 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 214 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 214 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 214 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NOUN geusb-8387 214 6 exceeds exceed NOUN geusb-8387 214 7 0 0 NUM geusb-8387 214 8 ° ° NOUN geusb-8387 214 9 c c NOUN geusb-8387 214 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 214 11 with with ADP geusb-8387 214 12 the the DET geusb-8387 214 13 highest high ADJ geusb-8387 214 14 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 214 15 average average ADJ geusb-8387 214 16 air air NOUN geusb-8387 214 17 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 214 18 being be AUX geusb-8387 214 19 1.6 1.6 NUM geusb-8387 214 20 ° ° NOUN geusb-8387 214 21 c c X geusb-8387 214 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 214 23 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 214 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 214 25 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 214 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 214 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 215 1 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 215 2 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 215 3 is be AUX geusb-8387 215 4 typically typically ADV geusb-8387 215 5 negligible negligible ADJ geusb-8387 215 6 in in ADP geusb-8387 215 7 the the DET geusb-8387 215 8 high high ADJ geusb-8387 215 9 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 215 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 215 11 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 215 12 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 215 13 interior interior NOUN geusb-8387 215 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 215 15 north north NOUN geusb-8387 215 16 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 215 17 west west PROPN geusb-8387 215 18 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 215 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 216 1 instead instead ADV geusb-8387 216 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 216 3 the the DET geusb-8387 216 4 primary primary ADJ geusb-8387 216 5 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 216 6 concern concern NOUN geusb-8387 216 7 on on ADP geusb-8387 216 8 the the DET geusb-8387 216 9 high high ADJ geusb-8387 216 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 216 11 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 216 12 firn firn NOUN geusb-8387 216 13 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 216 14 is be AUX geusb-8387 216 15 exceeding exceed VERB geusb-8387 216 16 the the DET geusb-8387 216 17 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 216 18 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 216 19 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 216 20 limit limit NOUN geusb-8387 216 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 216 22 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 216 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 217 1 at at ADP geusb-8387 217 2 hum hum NOUN geusb-8387 217 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 217 4 the the DET geusb-8387 217 5 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 217 6 average average ADJ geusb-8387 217 7 air air NOUN geusb-8387 217 8 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 217 9 during during ADP geusb-8387 217 10 the the DET geusb-8387 217 11 april april PROPN geusb-8387 217 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 217 13 may may AUX geusb-8387 217 14 period period VERB geusb-8387 217 15 ranges range NOUN geusb-8387 217 16 between between ADP geusb-8387 217 17 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 217 18 40 40 NUM geusb-8387 217 19 ° ° NUM geusb-8387 217 20 c c NOUN geusb-8387 217 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 217 22 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 217 23 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 217 24 ° ° NOUN geusb-8387 217 25 c c NOUN geusb-8387 217 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 217 27 with with ADP geusb-8387 217 28 instances instance NOUN geusb-8387 217 29 of of ADP geusb-8387 217 30 the the DET geusb-8387 217 31 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 217 32 average average ADJ geusb-8387 217 33 air air NOUN geusb-8387 217 34 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 217 35 below below ADP geusb-8387 217 36 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 217 37 40 40 NUM geusb-8387 217 38 ° ° NUM geusb-8387 217 39 c c NOUN geusb-8387 217 40 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 218 1 the the DET geusb-8387 218 2 coldest cold ADJ geusb-8387 218 3 ever ever ADV geusb-8387 218 4 recorded record VERB geusb-8387 218 5 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 218 6 average average ADJ geusb-8387 218 7 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 218 8 at at ADP geusb-8387 218 9 hum hum NOUN geusb-8387 218 10 is be AUX geusb-8387 218 11 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 218 12 51.0 51.0 NUM geusb-8387 218 13 ° ° ADP geusb-8387 218 14 c c NOUN geusb-8387 218 15 on on ADP geusb-8387 218 16 22 22 NUM geusb-8387 218 17 march march NOUN geusb-8387 218 18 2001 2001 NUM geusb-8387 218 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 219 1 the the DET geusb-8387 219 2 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 219 3 average average ADJ geusb-8387 219 4 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 219 5 typically typically ADV geusb-8387 219 6 climbs climb VERB geusb-8387 219 7 above above ADP geusb-8387 219 8 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 219 9 30 30 NUM geusb-8387 219 10 ° ° ADP geusb-8387 219 11 c c NOUN geusb-8387 219 12 in in ADP geusb-8387 219 13 mid mid PROPN geusb-8387 219 14 - - PROPN geusb-8387 219 15 april april PROPN geusb-8387 219 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 220 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 220 2 likely likely ADV geusb-8387 220 3 serves serve VERB geusb-8387 220 4 as as ADP geusb-8387 220 5 the the DET geusb-8387 220 6 earliest early ADJ geusb-8387 220 7 practical practical ADJ geusb-8387 220 8 start start NOUN geusb-8387 220 9 for for ADP geusb-8387 220 10 inland inland ADJ geusb-8387 220 11 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 220 12 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 220 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 221 1 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 221 2 pose pose VERB geusb-8387 221 3 an an DET geusb-8387 221 4 additional additional ADJ geusb-8387 221 5 hazard hazard NOUN geusb-8387 221 6 on on ADP geusb-8387 221 7 the the DET geusb-8387 221 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 221 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 221 10 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 221 11 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 221 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 221 13 the the DET geusb-8387 221 14 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 221 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 222 1 the the DET geusb-8387 222 2 emergence emergence NOUN geusb-8387 222 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 222 4 large large ADJ geusb-8387 222 5 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 222 6 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 222 7 40–45 40–45 NUM geusb-8387 222 8 km km VERB geusb-8387 222 9 inland inland ADV geusb-8387 222 10 from from ADP geusb-8387 222 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 222 12 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 222 13 in in ADP geusb-8387 222 14 recent recent ADJ geusb-8387 222 15 decades decade NOUN geusb-8387 222 16 has have AUX geusb-8387 222 17 effectively effectively ADV geusb-8387 222 18 suspended suspend VERB geusb-8387 222 19 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 222 20 from from ADP geusb-8387 222 21 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 222 22 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 222 23 since since SCONJ geusb-8387 222 24 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 222 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 222 26 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 222 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 222 28 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 222 29 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 222 30 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 223 1 by by ADP geusb-8387 223 2 ascending ascend VERB geusb-8387 223 3 the the DET geusb-8387 223 4 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 223 5 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 223 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 223 7 any any DET geusb-8387 223 8 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 223 9 effectively effectively ADV geusb-8387 223 10 avoids avoid VERB geusb-8387 223 11 this this DET geusb-8387 223 12 narrow narrow ADJ geusb-8387 223 13 region region NOUN geusb-8387 223 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 223 15 high high ADJ geusb-8387 223 16 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 223 17 strain strain NOUN geusb-8387 223 18 between between ADP geusb-8387 223 19 ullip ullip NOUN geusb-8387 223 20 sermia sermia PROPN geusb-8387 223 21 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 223 22 harald harald PROPN geusb-8387 223 23 moltke moltke NOUN geusb-8387 223 24 bræ bræ ADJ geusb-8387 223 25 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 223 26 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 223 27 the the DET geusb-8387 223 28 tidewater tidewater NOUN geusb-8387 223 29 glaciers glacier NOUN geusb-8387 223 30 draining drain VERB geusb-8387 223 31 into into ADP geusb-8387 223 32 puisillip puisillip NOUN geusb-8387 223 33 kangerlua kangerlua NOUN geusb-8387 223 34 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 223 35 de de X geusb-8387 223 36 dødes døde NOUN geusb-8387 223 37 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 223 38 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 223 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 224 1 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 224 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 224 3 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 224 4 velocities velocity NOUN geusb-8387 224 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 224 6 readily readily ADV geusb-8387 224 7 available available ADJ geusb-8387 224 8 from from ADP geusb-8387 224 9 offset offset ADJ geusb-8387 224 10 tracking tracking NOUN geusb-8387 224 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 224 12 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 224 13 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 224 14 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 224 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 224 16 solgaard solgaard PROPN geusb-8387 224 17 et et PROPN geusb-8387 224 18     SPACE geusb-8387 224 19 al al PROPN geusb-8387 224 20 . . PROPN geusb-8387 224 21 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 224 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 224 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 225 1 via via ADP geusb-8387 225 2 the the DET geusb-8387 225 3 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 225 4 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 225 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 225 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 225 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 225 8 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 225 9 velocities velocity NOUN geusb-8387 225 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 225 11 the the DET geusb-8387 225 12 first first ADJ geusb-8387 225 13 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 225 14 120 120 NUM geusb-8387 225 15 km km NOUN geusb-8387 225 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 225 17 the the DET geusb-8387 225 18 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 225 19 to to ADP geusb-8387 225 20 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 225 21 average average ADJ geusb-8387 225 22 9.0 9.0 NUM geusb-8387 225 23 ± ± NUM geusb-8387 225 24 6.8 6.8 NUM geusb-8387 225 25 m m NOUN geusb-8387 225 26 / / SYM geusb-8387 225 27 yr yr PROPN geusb-8387 225 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 225 29 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 225 30 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 225 31 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 225 32 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 225 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 226 1 via via ADP geusb-8387 226 2 the the DET geusb-8387 226 3 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 226 4 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 226 5 they they PRON geusb-8387 226 6 average average VERB geusb-8387 226 7 only only ADV geusb-8387 226 8 5.8 5.8 NUM geusb-8387 226 9 ± ± NUM geusb-8387 226 10 4.9 4.9 NUM geusb-8387 226 11 m m NOUN geusb-8387 226 12 / / SYM geusb-8387 227 1 yr yr NOUN geusb-8387 227 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 228 1 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 228 2 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 228 3 were be AUX geusb-8387 228 4 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 228 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 229 1 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 229 2     SPACE geusb-8387 229 3 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 229 4 air air NOUN geusb-8387 229 5 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 229 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 229 7 cumulative cumulative ADJ geusb-8387 229 8 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 229 9 degree degree NOUN geusb-8387 229 10 days day NOUN geusb-8387 229 11 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 229 12 pdd pdd NOUN geusb-8387 229 13 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 229 14 for for ADP geusb-8387 229 15 all all DET geusb-8387 229 16 available available ADJ geusb-8387 229 17 station station NOUN geusb-8387 229 18 years year NOUN geusb-8387 229 19 during during ADP geusb-8387 229 20 the the DET geusb-8387 229 21 polar polar ADJ geusb-8387 229 22 day day NOUN geusb-8387 229 23 period period NOUN geusb-8387 229 24 for for ADP geusb-8387 229 25 a a PRON geusb-8387 229 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 229 27 thule thule NOUN geusb-8387 229 28 lower low ADJ geusb-8387 229 29 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 229 30 thu_l thu_l ADJ geusb-8387 229 31 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 229 32 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 229 33 b b X geusb-8387 229 34 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 229 35 humboldt humboldt PROPN geusb-8387 229 36 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 229 37 hum hum ADJ geusb-8387 229 38 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 229 39 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 229 40 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 229 41 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 229 42 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 229 43 stations station NOUN geusb-8387 229 44 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 229 45 fausto fausto PROPN geusb-8387 229 46 et et PROPN geusb-8387 229 47     SPACE geusb-8387 229 48 al al PROPN geusb-8387 229 49 . . PROPN geusb-8387 229 50 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 229 51 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 229 52 vandecrux vandecrux VERB geusb-8387 229 53 et et PROPN geusb-8387 229 54     SPACE geusb-8387 229 55 al al PROPN geusb-8387 229 56 . . PROPN geusb-8387 229 57 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 229 58 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 229 59 how how SCONJ geusb-8387 229 60 et et NOUN geusb-8387 229 61     SPACE geusb-8387 229 62 al al PROPN geusb-8387 229 63 . . PROPN geusb-8387 229 64 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 229 65 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 229 66 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 230 1 thu_l thu_l PROPN geusb-8387 230 2 is be AUX geusb-8387 230 3 located locate VERB geusb-8387 230 4 at at ADP geusb-8387 230 5 an an DET geusb-8387 230 6 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 230 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 230 8 570 570 NUM geusb-8387 230 9 m m NOUN geusb-8387 230 10 at at ADP geusb-8387 230 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 230 12 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 230 13 near near ADP geusb-8387 230 14 pituffik pituffik PROPN geusb-8387 230 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 231 1 hum hum PROPN geusb-8387 231 2 is be AUX geusb-8387 231 3 located locate VERB geusb-8387 231 4 at at ADP geusb-8387 231 5 an an DET geusb-8387 231 6 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 231 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 231 8 1950 1950 NUM geusb-8387 231 9 m m NOUN geusb-8387 231 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 231 11 the the DET geusb-8387 231 12 high high ADJ geusb-8387 231 13 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 231 14 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 231 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 231 16 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 231 17 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 231 18 interior interior NOUN geusb-8387 231 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 232 1 the the DET geusb-8387 232 2 transparent transparent ADJ geusb-8387 232 3 range range NOUN geusb-8387 232 4 around around ADP geusb-8387 232 5 the the DET geusb-8387 232 6 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 232 7 air air NOUN geusb-8387 232 8 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 232 9 values value NOUN geusb-8387 232 10 represents represent VERB geusb-8387 232 11 an an DET geusb-8387 232 12 uncertainty uncertainty NOUN geusb-8387 232 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 232 14 one one NUM geusb-8387 232 15 standard standard ADJ geusb-8387 232 16 deviation deviation NOUN geusb-8387 232 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 233 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 233 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 233 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 233 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 233 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 233 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 233 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 233 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 233 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 233 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 233 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 233 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 233 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 233 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 234 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 234 2 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 234 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 234 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 234 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org X geusb-8387 234 6 historically historically ADV geusb-8387 234 7 present present ADJ geusb-8387 234 8 in in ADP geusb-8387 234 9 ablations ablation NOUN geusb-8387 234 10 areas area NOUN geusb-8387 234 11 along along ADP geusb-8387 234 12 the the DET geusb-8387 234 13 inland inland PROPN geusb-8387 234 14 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 234 15 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 234 16 to to ADP geusb-8387 234 17 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 234 18 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 234 19 meier meier PROPN geusb-8387 234 20 et et PROPN geusb-8387 234 21     SPACE geusb-8387 234 22 al al PROPN geusb-8387 234 23 . . PROPN geusb-8387 234 24 1957 1957 NUM geusb-8387 234 25 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 234 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 234 27 they they PRON geusb-8387 234 28 have have AUX geusb-8387 234 29 never never ADV geusb-8387 234 30 been be AUX geusb-8387 234 31 historically historically ADV geusb-8387 234 32 present present ADJ geusb-8387 234 33 in in ADP geusb-8387 234 34 the the DET geusb-8387 234 35 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 234 36 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 234 37 area area NOUN geusb-8387 234 38 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 234 39 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 234 40 to to ADP geusb-8387 234 41 sierra sierra PROPN geusb-8387 234 42 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 234 43 nobles noble NOUN geusb-8387 234 44 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 234 45 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 234 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 235 1 crevasse crevasse PROPN geusb-8387 235 2 traces trace NOUN geusb-8387 235 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 235 4 however however ADV geusb-8387 235 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 235 6 are be AUX geusb-8387 235 7 currently currently ADV geusb-8387 235 8 clearly clearly ADV geusb-8387 235 9 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 235 10 on on ADP geusb-8387 235 11 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 235 12 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 235 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 235 14 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 235 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 236 1 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 236 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 236 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 237 1 these these DET geusb-8387 237 2 crevasse crevasse ADJ geusb-8387 237 3 traces trace NOUN geusb-8387 237 4 are be AUX geusb-8387 237 5 distinctive distinctive ADJ geusb-8387 237 6 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 237 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 237 8 dark dark ADJ geusb-8387 237 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 237 10 that that PRON geusb-8387 237 11 result result VERB geusb-8387 237 12 from from ADP geusb-8387 237 13 refrozen refrozen ADJ geusb-8387 237 14 water water NOUN geusb-8387 237 15 within within ADP geusb-8387 237 16 healed heal VERB geusb-8387 237 17 fractures fracture NOUN geusb-8387 237 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 238 1 they they PRON geusb-8387 238 2 can can AUX geusb-8387 238 3 originate originate VERB geusb-8387 238 4 from from ADP geusb-8387 238 5 several several ADJ geusb-8387 238 6 processes process NOUN geusb-8387 238 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 238 8 including include VERB geusb-8387 238 9 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 238 10 1 1 X geusb-8387 238 11 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 238 12 recent recent ADJ geusb-8387 238 13 cessation cessation NOUN geusb-8387 238 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 238 15 local local ADJ geusb-8387 238 16 crevassing crevassing NOUN geusb-8387 238 17 as as ADP geusb-8387 238 18 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 238 19 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 238 20 becomes become VERB geusb-8387 238 21 less less ADV geusb-8387 238 22 dynamic dynamic ADJ geusb-8387 238 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 238 24 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 238 25 2 2 X geusb-8387 238 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 238 27 ongoing ongoing ADJ geusb-8387 238 28 thrust thrust NOUN geusb-8387 238 29 fracturing fracture VERB geusb-8387 238 30 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 238 31 annealing annealing NOUN geusb-8387 238 32 occurring occur VERB geusb-8387 238 33 locally locally ADV geusb-8387 238 34 at at ADP geusb-8387 238 35 similar similar ADJ geusb-8387 238 36 time time NOUN geusb-8387 238 37 scales scale NOUN geusb-8387 238 38 and/or and/or CCONJ geusb-8387 238 39 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 238 40 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 238 41 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 238 42 advection advection NOUN geusb-8387 238 43 of of ADP geusb-8387 238 44 re re VERB geusb-8387 238 45 - - VERB geusb-8387 238 46 healed heal VERB geusb-8387 238 47 full full ADJ geusb-8387 238 48 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 238 49 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 238 50 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 238 51 from from ADP geusb-8387 238 52 upstream upstream ADJ geusb-8387 238 53 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 238 54 hambrey hambrey NOUN geusb-8387 238 55 1976 1976 NUM geusb-8387 238 56 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 238 57 hambrey hambrey NOUN geusb-8387 238 58 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 238 59 müller müller PROPN geusb-8387 238 60 1978 1978 NUM geusb-8387 238 61 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 238 62 hambrey hambrey PROPN geusb-8387 238 63 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 238 64 lawson lawson PROPN geusb-8387 238 65 2000 2000 NUM geusb-8387 238 66 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 238 67 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 239 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 239 2 can can AUX geusb-8387 239 3 not not PART geusb-8387 239 4 speculate speculate VERB geusb-8387 239 5 on on ADP geusb-8387 239 6 the the DET geusb-8387 239 7 origin origin NOUN geusb-8387 239 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 239 9 the the DET geusb-8387 239 10 pronounced pronounce VERB geusb-8387 239 11 crevasse crevasse ADJ geusb-8387 239 12 traces trace NOUN geusb-8387 239 13 in in ADP geusb-8387 239 14 the the DET geusb-8387 239 15 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 239 16 area area NOUN geusb-8387 239 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 239 18 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 239 19 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 239 20 today today NOUN geusb-8387 239 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 239 22 but but CCONJ geusb-8387 239 23 the the DET geusb-8387 239 24 presence presence NOUN geusb-8387 239 25 of of ADP geusb-8387 239 26 well well ADV geusb-8387 239 27 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 239 28 developed develop VERB geusb-8387 239 29 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 239 30 runoff runoff NOUN geusb-8387 239 31 channels channel NOUN geusb-8387 239 32 that that PRON geusb-8387 239 33 consistently consistently ADV geusb-8387 239 34 bisect bisect VERB geusb-8387 239 35 these these DET geusb-8387 239 36 features feature NOUN geusb-8387 239 37 indicate indicate VERB geusb-8387 239 38 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 239 39 they they PRON geusb-8387 239 40 do do AUX geusb-8387 239 41 not not PART geusb-8387 239 42 disrupt disrupt VERB geusb-8387 239 43 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 239 44 hydrology hydrology NOUN geusb-8387 239 45 by by ADP geusb-8387 239 46 providing provide VERB geusb-8387 239 47 englacial englacial ADJ geusb-8387 239 48 access access NOUN geusb-8387 239 49 points point NOUN geusb-8387 239 50 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 240 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 240 2 suggests suggest VERB geusb-8387 240 3 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 240 4 they they PRON geusb-8387 240 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 240 6 not not PART geusb-8387 240 7 open open ADJ geusb-8387 240 8 features feature NOUN geusb-8387 240 9 that that PRON geusb-8387 240 10 can can AUX geusb-8387 240 11 impend impend VERB geusb-8387 240 12 the the DET geusb-8387 240 13 safety safety NOUN geusb-8387 240 14 or or CCONJ geusb-8387 240 15 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 240 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 240 17 ascending ascend VERB geusb-8387 240 18 the the DET geusb-8387 240 19 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 240 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 241 1 although although SCONJ geusb-8387 241 2 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 241 3 are be AUX geusb-8387 241 4 not not PART geusb-8387 241 5 common common ADJ geusb-8387 241 6 within within ADP geusb-8387 241 7 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 241 8 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 241 9 high high ADJ geusb-8387 241 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 241 11 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 241 12 firn firn NOUN geusb-8387 241 13 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 241 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 241 15 transverse transverse NOUN geusb-8387 241 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 241 17 shear shear NOUN geusb-8387 241 18 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 241 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 241 20 both both CCONJ geusb-8387 241 21 open open ADJ geusb-8387 241 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 241 23 closed closed ADJ geusb-8387 241 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 241 25 of of ADP geusb-8387 241 26 multi multi ADJ geusb-8387 241 27 - - ADJ geusb-8387 241 28 metre metre ADJ geusb-8387 241 29 widths width NOUN geusb-8387 241 30 have have AUX geusb-8387 241 31 been be AUX geusb-8387 241 32 documented document VERB geusb-8387 241 33 above above ADP geusb-8387 241 34 1850 1850 NUM geusb-8387 241 35 m m NOUN geusb-8387 241 36 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 241 37 in in ADP geusb-8387 241 38 a a DET geusb-8387 241 39 variety variety NOUN geusb-8387 241 40 of of ADP geusb-8387 241 41 different different ADJ geusb-8387 241 42 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 241 43 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 241 44 settings setting NOUN geusb-8387 241 45 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 241 46 mankoff mankoff NOUN geusb-8387 241 47 et et NOUN geusb-8387 241 48     SPACE geusb-8387 241 49 al al PROPN geusb-8387 241 50 . . PROPN geusb-8387 241 51 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 241 52 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 242 1 franke franke PROPN geusb-8387 242 2 et et PROPN geusb-8387 242 3     SPACE geusb-8387 242 4 al al PROPN geusb-8387 242 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 242 6 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 242 7 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 242 8 løkkegaard løkkegaard NOUN geusb-8387 242 9 et et PROPN geusb-8387 242 10     SPACE geusb-8387 242 11 al al PROPN geusb-8387 242 12 . . PROPN geusb-8387 242 13 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 242 14 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 242 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 243 1 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 243 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 243 3 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 243 4 crevasse crevasse ADJ geusb-8387 243 5 hazard hazard NOUN geusb-8387 243 6 is be AUX geusb-8387 243 7 generally generally ADV geusb-8387 243 8 minimised minimise VERB geusb-8387 243 9 by by ADP geusb-8387 243 10 selecting select VERB geusb-8387 243 11 a a DET geusb-8387 243 12 route route NOUN geusb-8387 243 13 that that PRON geusb-8387 243 14 minimises minimise NOUN geusb-8387 243 15 both both CCONJ geusb-8387 243 16 absolute absolute ADJ geusb-8387 243 17 velocity velocity NOUN geusb-8387 243 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 243 19 spatial spatial ADJ geusb-8387 243 20 gradients gradient NOUN geusb-8387 243 21 in in ADP geusb-8387 243 22 velocity velocity NOUN geusb-8387 243 23 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 243 24 i.e. i.e. X geusb-8387 243 25 strain strain NOUN geusb-8387 243 26 rate rate NOUN geusb-8387 243 27 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 243 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 243 29 it it PRON geusb-8387 243 30 is be AUX geusb-8387 243 31 advisable advisable ADJ geusb-8387 243 32 to to PART geusb-8387 243 33 manually manually ADV geusb-8387 243 34 inspect inspect VERB geusb-8387 243 35 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 243 36 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 243 37 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 243 38 of of ADP geusb-8387 243 39 the the DET geusb-8387 243 40 entire entire ADJ geusb-8387 243 41 high high ADJ geusb-8387 243 42 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 243 43 elevation elevation NOUN geusb-8387 243 44 firn firn NOUN geusb-8387 243 45 plateau plateau PROPN geusb-8387 243 46 route route NOUN geusb-8387 243 47 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 243 48 for for ADP geusb-8387 243 49 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 243 50 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 244 1 it it PRON geusb-8387 244 2 is be AUX geusb-8387 244 3 especially especially ADV geusb-8387 244 4 important important ADJ geusb-8387 244 5 to to PART geusb-8387 244 6 confirm confirm VERB geusb-8387 244 7 the the DET geusb-8387 244 8 absence absence NOUN geusb-8387 244 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 244 10 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 244 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 244 12 the the DET geusb-8387 244 13 vicinity vicinity NOUN geusb-8387 244 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 244 15 the the DET geusb-8387 244 16 inland inland ADJ geusb-8387 244 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 244 18 stream stream NOUN geusb-8387 244 19 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 244 20 that that PRON geusb-8387 244 21 forms form VERB geusb-8387 244 22 the the DET geusb-8387 244 23 petermann petermann NOUN geusb-8387 244 24 glacier glacier NOUN geusb-8387 244 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 245 1 such such DET geusb-8387 245 2 an an DET geusb-8387 245 3 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 245 4 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 245 5 could could AUX geusb-8387 245 6 necessitate necessitate ADJ geusb-8387 245 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 245 8 deviations deviation NOUN geusb-8387 245 9 on on ADP geusb-8387 245 10 the the DET geusb-8387 245 11 scale scale NOUN geusb-8387 245 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 245 13 10s 10 NOUN geusb-8387 245 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 245 15 kilometres kilometre NOUN geusb-8387 245 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 246 1 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 246 2 land land NOUN geusb-8387 246 3 science science NOUN geusb-8387 246 4 plan plan VERB geusb-8387 246 5 the the DET geusb-8387 246 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 246 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 246 8 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 246 9 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 246 10 area area NOUN geusb-8387 246 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 246 12 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 246 13 land land NOUN geusb-8387 246 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 246 15 between between ADP geusb-8387 246 16 sermeq sermeq PROPN geusb-8387 246 17 konrad konrad PROPN geusb-8387 246 18 steffen steffen PROPN geusb-8387 246 19 to to ADP geusb-8387 246 20 the the DET geusb-8387 246 21 west west NOUN geusb-8387 246 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 246 23 sermeq sermeq PROPN geusb-8387 246 24 niels niels PROPN geusb-8387 246 25 reeh reeh VERB geusb-8387 246 26 to to ADP geusb-8387 246 27 the the DET geusb-8387 246 28 east east NOUN geusb-8387 247 1 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 247 2 is be AUX geusb-8387 247 3 the the DET geusb-8387 247 4 ultimate ultimate ADJ geusb-8387 247 5 science science NOUN geusb-8387 247 6 goal goal NOUN geusb-8387 247 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 247 8 the the DET geusb-8387 247 9 778 778 NUM geusb-8387 247 10 km km NOUN geusb-8387 247 11 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 247 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 248 1 there there ADV geusb-8387 248 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 248 3 a a DET geusb-8387 248 4 < < X geusb-8387 248 5 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 248 6 km km NOUN geusb-8387 248 7 long long ADJ geusb-8387 248 8 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 248 9 spans span VERB geusb-8387 248 10 the the DET geusb-8387 248 11 past past ADJ geusb-8387 248 12 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 248 13 greenland greenland NOUN geusb-8387 248 14 interstadials interstadial NOUN geusb-8387 248 15 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 248 16 past past ADJ geusb-8387 248 17 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 248 18 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 248 19 stadials stadial NOUN geusb-8387 248 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 248 21 allowing allow VERB geusb-8387 248 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 248 23 to to PART geusb-8387 248 24 be be AUX geusb-8387 248 25 potentially potentially ADV geusb-8387 248 26 dated date VERB geusb-8387 248 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 248 28 sampled sample VERB geusb-8387 248 29 back back ADV geusb-8387 248 30 to to ADP geusb-8387 248 31 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 248 32 48 48 NUM geusb-8387 248 33     SPACE geusb-8387 248 34 000 000 NUM geusb-8387 248 35 years year NOUN geusb-8387 248 36 before before ADP geusb-8387 248 37 the the DET geusb-8387 248 38 present present ADJ geusb-8387 248 39 time time NOUN geusb-8387 248 40 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 248 41 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 248 42 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 249 1 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 249 2 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 250 1 macgregor macgregor PROPN geusb-8387 250 2 et et PROPN geusb-8387 250 3     SPACE geusb-8387 250 4 al al PROPN geusb-8387 250 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 250 6 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 250 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 250 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 251 1 this this DET geusb-8387 251 2 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 251 3 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 251 4 starts start VERB geusb-8387 251 5 at at ADP geusb-8387 251 6 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 251 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 252 1 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 252 2     SPACE geusb-8387 252 3 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 252 4 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 252 5 along along ADP geusb-8387 252 6 the the DET geusb-8387 252 7 nuto nuto NOUN geusb-8387 252 8 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 252 9 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 252 10 approaches approach NOUN geusb-8387 252 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 253 1 a a PRON geusb-8387 253 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 253 3 no no DET geusb-8387 253 4 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 253 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 253 6 evident evident ADJ geusb-8387 253 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 253 8 the the DET geusb-8387 253 9 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 253 10 area area NOUN geusb-8387 253 11 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 253 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 253 13 the the DET geusb-8387 253 14 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 253 15 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 253 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 253 17 even even ADV geusb-8387 253 18 in in ADP geusb-8387 253 19 tandem tandem PROPN geusb-8387 253 20 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 253 21 x x NOUN geusb-8387 253 22 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 253 23 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 253 24 from from ADP geusb-8387 253 25 april april PROPN geusb-8387 253 26 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 253 27 with with ADP geusb-8387 253 28 a a DET geusb-8387 253 29 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 253 30 m m NOUN geusb-8387 253 31 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 253 32 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 254 1 b b X geusb-8387 254 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 254 3 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 254 4 area area NOUN geusb-8387 254 5 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 254 6 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 254 7 along along ADP geusb-8387 254 8 the the DET geusb-8387 254 9 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 254 10 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 254 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 254 12 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 254 13 spot spot NOUN geusb-8387 254 14 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 254 15 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 254 16 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 254 17 from from ADP geusb-8387 254 18 july july PROPN geusb-8387 254 19 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 254 20 with with ADP geusb-8387 254 21 a a DET geusb-8387 254 22 spatial spatial ADJ geusb-8387 254 23 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 254 24 of of ADP geusb-8387 254 25 1.6 1.6 NUM geusb-8387 254 26 m m NOUN geusb-8387 254 27 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 254 28 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 254 29 2024b 2024b NUM geusb-8387 254 30 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 254 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 255 1 the the DET geusb-8387 255 2 red red ADJ geusb-8387 255 3 lines line NOUN geusb-8387 255 4 in in ADP geusb-8387 255 5 insets inset NOUN geusb-8387 255 6 c c X geusb-8387 255 7 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 255 8 i i PRON geusb-8387 255 9 denote denote VERB geusb-8387 255 10 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 255 11 that that PRON geusb-8387 255 12 intersect intersect VERB geusb-8387 255 13 the the DET geusb-8387 255 14 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 255 15 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 255 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 256 1 the the DET geusb-8387 256 2 black black ADJ geusb-8387 256 3 dashed dash VERB geusb-8387 256 4 line line NOUN geusb-8387 256 5 represents represent VERB geusb-8387 256 6 the the DET geusb-8387 256 7 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 256 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 256 9 via via ADP geusb-8387 256 10 both both CCONJ geusb-8387 256 11 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 256 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 256 13 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 256 14 approaches approach NOUN geusb-8387 256 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 257 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 257 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 257 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 257 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 257 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 257 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 257 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 257 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 257 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 257 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 257 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 257 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 257 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 257 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 258 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 258 2 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 258 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 258 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 258 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org X geusb-8387 258 6 the the DET geusb-8387 258 7 holocene holocene PROPN geusb-8387 258 8 boundary boundary PROPN geusb-8387 258 9 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 258 10 81.16217 81.16217 NUM geusb-8387 258 11 ° ° NOUN geusb-8387 258 12 n n NUM geusb-8387 258 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 258 14 53.55995 53.55995 NUM geusb-8387 258 15 ° ° NUM geusb-8387 258 16 w w NOUN geusb-8387 258 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 258 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 258 19 proceeds proceed VERB geusb-8387 258 20 down down ADP geusb-8387 258 21 the the DET geusb-8387 258 22 glacier glacier NOUN geusb-8387 258 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 258 24 towards towards ADP geusb-8387 258 25 the the DET geusb-8387 258 26 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 258 27 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 258 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 258 29 to to ADP geusb-8387 258 30 the the DET geusb-8387 258 31 discontinuity discontinuity NOUN geusb-8387 258 32 that that PRON geusb-8387 258 33 appears appear VERB geusb-8387 258 34 to to PART geusb-8387 258 35 mark mark VERB geusb-8387 258 36 the the DET geusb-8387 258 37 start start NOUN geusb-8387 258 38 of of ADP geusb-8387 258 39 stratigraphically stratigraphically ADV geusb-8387 258 40 disordered disorder VERB geusb-8387 258 41 basal basal NOUN geusb-8387 258 42 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 258 43 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 258 44 81.17447 81.17447 NUM geusb-8387 258 45 ° ° NOUN geusb-8387 258 46 n n NUM geusb-8387 258 47 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 258 48 53.49773 53.49773 NUM geusb-8387 258 49 ° ° PROPN geusb-8387 258 50 w w NOUN geusb-8387 258 51 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 258 52 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 259 1 this this DET geusb-8387 259 2 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 259 3 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 259 4 is be AUX geusb-8387 259 5 orientated orientate VERB geusb-8387 259 6 to to ADP geusb-8387 259 7 minimise minimise VERB geusb-8387 259 8 crossings crossing NOUN geusb-8387 259 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 259 10 large large ADJ geusb-8387 259 11 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 259 12 channels channel NOUN geusb-8387 259 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 260 1 even even ADV geusb-8387 260 2 older old ADJ geusb-8387 260 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 260 4 is be AUX geusb-8387 260 5 likely likely ADV geusb-8387 260 6 found find VERB geusb-8387 260 7 between between ADP geusb-8387 260 8 the the DET geusb-8387 260 9 gi-13 gi-13 PUNCT geusb-8387 260 10 termination termination NOUN geusb-8387 260 11 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 260 12 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 260 13 48 48 NUM geusb-8387 260 14     SPACE geusb-8387 260 15 000 000 NUM geusb-8387 260 16 years year NOUN geusb-8387 260 17 ago ago ADV geusb-8387 260 18 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 260 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 260 20 the the DET geusb-8387 260 21 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 260 22 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 260 23 but but CCONJ geusb-8387 260 24 it it PRON geusb-8387 260 25 is be AUX geusb-8387 260 26 more more ADV geusb-8387 260 27 difficult difficult ADJ geusb-8387 260 28 to to PART geusb-8387 260 29 map map VERB geusb-8387 260 30 the the DET geusb-8387 260 31 chronology chronology NOUN geusb-8387 260 32 from from ADP geusb-8387 260 33 space space NOUN geusb-8387 260 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 261 1 the the DET geusb-8387 261 2 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 261 3 expression expression NOUN geusb-8387 261 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 261 5 the the DET geusb-8387 261 6 stadial stadial ADJ geusb-8387 261 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 261 8 interstadial interstadial ADJ geusb-8387 261 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 261 10 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 261 11 are be AUX geusb-8387 261 12 all all ADV geusb-8387 261 13 at at ADV geusb-8387 261 14 least least ADJ geusb-8387 261 15 > > SYM geusb-8387 261 16 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 261 17 m m NOUN geusb-8387 261 18 wide wide ADJ geusb-8387 261 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 261 20 which which PRON geusb-8387 261 21 potentially potentially ADV geusb-8387 261 22 allows allow VERB geusb-8387 261 23 them they PRON geusb-8387 261 24 to to PART geusb-8387 261 25 be be AUX geusb-8387 261 26 located locate VERB geusb-8387 261 27 with with ADP geusb-8387 261 28 the the DET geusb-8387 261 29 precision precision NOUN geusb-8387 261 30 of of ADP geusb-8387 261 31 a a DET geusb-8387 261 32 handheld handheld ADJ geusb-8387 261 33 gps gps NOUN geusb-8387 261 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 262 1 our our PRON geusb-8387 262 2 primary primary ADJ geusb-8387 262 3 science science NOUN geusb-8387 262 4 goal goal NOUN geusb-8387 262 5 is be AUX geusb-8387 262 6 bulk bulk ADJ geusb-8387 262 7 sampling sampling NOUN geusb-8387 262 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 262 9 pre pre ADJ geusb-8387 262 10 - - ADJ geusb-8387 262 11 holocene holocene ADJ geusb-8387 262 12 ancient ancient ADJ geusb-8387 262 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 262 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 263 1 following follow VERB geusb-8387 263 2 previous previous ADJ geusb-8387 263 3 studies study NOUN geusb-8387 263 4 that that PRON geusb-8387 263 5 have have VERB geusb-8387 263 6 bulk bulk NOUN geusb-8387 263 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 263 8 sampled sample VERB geusb-8387 263 9 greenland greenland NOUN geusb-8387 263 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 263 11 for for ADP geusb-8387 263 12 subsequent subsequent ADJ geusb-8387 263 13 chemical chemical NOUN geusb-8387 263 14 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 263 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 263 16 reeh reeh ADJ geusb-8387 263 17 et et PROPN geusb-8387 263 18     SPACE geusb-8387 263 19 al al PROPN geusb-8387 263 20 . . PROPN geusb-8387 263 21 2002 2002 NUM geusb-8387 263 22 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 263 23 schaefer schaefer PROPN geusb-8387 263 24 et et PROPN geusb-8387 263 25     SPACE geusb-8387 263 26 al al PROPN geusb-8387 263 27 . . PROPN geusb-8387 263 28 2009 2009 NUM geusb-8387 263 29 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 263 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 263 31 we we PRON geusb-8387 263 32 expect expect VERB geusb-8387 263 33 to to PART geusb-8387 263 34 use use VERB geusb-8387 263 35 electric electric ADJ geusb-8387 263 36 chainsaws chainsaw NOUN geusb-8387 263 37 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 263 38 appropriately appropriately ADV geusb-8387 263 39 prepared prepare VERB geusb-8387 263 40 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 263 41 cleaned clean VERB geusb-8387 263 42 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 263 43 to to PART geusb-8387 263 44 reach reach VERB geusb-8387 263 45 a a DET geusb-8387 263 46 depth depth NOUN geusb-8387 263 47 of of ADP geusb-8387 263 48 > > SYM geusb-8387 263 49 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 263 50 m m NOUN geusb-8387 263 51 below below ADP geusb-8387 263 52 the the DET geusb-8387 263 53 weathering weathering NOUN geusb-8387 263 54 crust crust NOUN geusb-8387 263 55 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 263 56 from from ADP geusb-8387 263 57 where where SCONJ geusb-8387 263 58 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 263 59 samples sample NOUN geusb-8387 263 60 will will AUX geusb-8387 263 61 be be AUX geusb-8387 263 62 recovered recover VERB geusb-8387 263 63 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 264 1 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 264 2 samples sample NOUN geusb-8387 264 3 will will AUX geusb-8387 264 4 ideally ideally ADV geusb-8387 264 5 be be AUX geusb-8387 264 6 recovered recover VERB geusb-8387 264 7 from from ADP geusb-8387 264 8 a a DET geusb-8387 264 9 variety variety NOUN geusb-8387 264 10 of of ADP geusb-8387 264 11 depths depth NOUN geusb-8387 264 12 within within ADP geusb-8387 264 13 each each PRON geusb-8387 264 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 264 15 the the DET geusb-8387 264 16 stadial stadial ADJ geusb-8387 264 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 264 18 interstadial interstadial ADJ geusb-8387 264 19 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 264 20 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 264 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 265 1 rather rather ADV geusb-8387 265 2 than than ADP geusb-8387 265 3 transporting transport VERB geusb-8387 265 4 the the DET geusb-8387 265 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 265 6 back back ADV geusb-8387 265 7 for for ADP geusb-8387 265 8 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 265 9 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 265 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 265 11 we we PRON geusb-8387 265 12 anticipate anticipate VERB geusb-8387 265 13 extracting extract VERB geusb-8387 265 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 265 15 concentrating concentrate VERB geusb-8387 265 16 the the DET geusb-8387 265 17 air air NOUN geusb-8387 265 18 bubbles bubble NOUN geusb-8387 265 19 from from ADP geusb-8387 265 20 the the DET geusb-8387 265 21 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 265 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 265 23 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 265 24 only only ADV geusb-8387 265 25 transporting transport VERB geusb-8387 265 26 this this DET geusb-8387 265 27 extracted extract VERB geusb-8387 265 28 air air NOUN geusb-8387 265 29 back back ADV geusb-8387 265 30 for for ADP geusb-8387 265 31 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 265 32 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 265 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 266 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 266 2 requires require VERB geusb-8387 266 3 a a DET geusb-8387 266 4 field field NOUN geusb-8387 266 5 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 266 6 operable operable ADJ geusb-8387 266 7 vacuum vacuum NOUN geusb-8387 266 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 266 9 melting melt VERB geusb-8387 266 10 tank tank NOUN geusb-8387 266 11 that that PRON geusb-8387 266 12 uses use VERB geusb-8387 266 13 a a DET geusb-8387 266 14 noble noble ADJ geusb-8387 266 15 gas gas NOUN geusb-8387 266 16 for for ADP geusb-8387 266 17 evacuation evacuation NOUN geusb-8387 266 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 267 1 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 267 2 this this PRON geusb-8387 267 3 is be AUX geusb-8387 267 4 a a DET geusb-8387 267 5 sensitive sensitive ADJ geusb-8387 267 6 apparatus apparatus NOUN geusb-8387 267 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 267 8 it it PRON geusb-8387 267 9 has have AUX geusb-8387 267 10 been be AUX geusb-8387 267 11 successfully successfully ADV geusb-8387 267 12 used use VERB geusb-8387 267 13 in in ADP geusb-8387 267 14 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 267 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 267 16 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 267 17 field field NOUN geusb-8387 267 18 camps camp NOUN geusb-8387 267 19 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 267 20 petrenko petrenko PROPN geusb-8387 267 21 et et PROPN geusb-8387 267 22     SPACE geusb-8387 267 23 al al PROPN geusb-8387 267 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 267 25 2006 2006 NUM geusb-8387 267 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 267 27 2008 2008 NUM geusb-8387 267 28 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 267 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 268 1 beyond beyond ADP geusb-8387 268 2 paleoclimatology paleoclimatology NOUN geusb-8387 268 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 268 4 the the DET geusb-8387 268 5 bulk bulk ADJ geusb-8387 268 6 sampling sampling NOUN geusb-8387 268 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 268 8 ancient ancient ADJ geusb-8387 268 9 atmospheres atmosphere NOUN geusb-8387 268 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 268 11 there there PRON geusb-8387 268 12 are be VERB geusb-8387 268 13 numerous numerous ADJ geusb-8387 268 14 secondary secondary ADJ geusb-8387 268 15 science science NOUN geusb-8387 268 16 goals goal NOUN geusb-8387 268 17 to to PART geusb-8387 268 18 investigate investigate VERB geusb-8387 268 19 in in ADP geusb-8387 268 20 the the DET geusb-8387 268 21 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 268 22 land land NOUN geusb-8387 268 23 icesheet icesheet NOUN geusb-8387 268 24 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 268 25 area area NOUN geusb-8387 268 26 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 269 1 these these PRON geusb-8387 269 2 include include VERB geusb-8387 269 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 269 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 269 5 penetrating penetrate VERB geusb-8387 269 6 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 269 7 surveys survey NOUN geusb-8387 269 8 to to PART geusb-8387 269 9 reconstruct reconstruct VERB geusb-8387 269 10 three three NUM geusb-8387 269 11 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 269 12 dimensional dimensional ADJ geusb-8387 269 13 englacial englacial ADJ geusb-8387 269 14 layering layering NOUN geusb-8387 269 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 269 16 stadial stadial ADJ geusb-8387 269 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 269 18 interstadial interstadial ADJ geusb-8387 269 19 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 269 20 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 269 21 to to PART geusb-8387 269 22 inform inform VERB geusb-8387 269 23 iceflow iceflow NOUN geusb-8387 269 24 models model NOUN geusb-8387 269 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 269 26 mackay mackay PROPN geusb-8387 269 27 et et PROPN geusb-8387 269 28     SPACE geusb-8387 269 29 al al PROPN geusb-8387 269 30 . . PROPN geusb-8387 269 31 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 269 32 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 269 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 269 34 direct direct ADJ geusb-8387 269 35 measurements measurement NOUN geusb-8387 269 36 of of ADP geusb-8387 269 37 the the DET geusb-8387 269 38 material material NOUN geusb-8387 269 39 properties property NOUN geusb-8387 269 40 of of ADP geusb-8387 269 41 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 269 42 deposited deposit VERB geusb-8387 269 43 during during ADP geusb-8387 269 44 different different ADJ geusb-8387 269 45 stadials stadial NOUN geusb-8387 269 46 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 269 47 interstadials interstadial NOUN geusb-8387 269 48 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 269 49 paterson paterson NOUN geusb-8387 269 50 1991 1991 NUM geusb-8387 269 51 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 269 52 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 269 53 the the DET geusb-8387 269 54 first first ADJ geusb-8387 269 55 systematic systematic ADJ geusb-8387 269 56 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 269 57 of of ADP geusb-8387 269 58 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 269 59 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 269 60 most most ADV geusb-8387 269 61 promising promising ADJ geusb-8387 269 62 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 269 63 for for ADP geusb-8387 269 64 meteorites meteorite NOUN geusb-8387 269 65 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 269 66 whillans whillan NOUN geusb-8387 269 67 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 269 68 cassidy cassidy PROPN geusb-8387 269 69 1983 1983 NUM geusb-8387 269 70 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 269 71 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 269 72 assessing assess VERB geusb-8387 269 73 the the DET geusb-8387 269 74 current current ADJ geusb-8387 269 75 mass mass NOUN geusb-8387 269 76 balance balance NOUN geusb-8387 269 77 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 269 78 future future ADJ geusb-8387 269 79 persistence persistence NOUN geusb-8387 269 80 of of ADP geusb-8387 269 81 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 269 82 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 269 83 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 269 84 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 269 85 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 269 86 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 269 87 gilbert gilbert PROPN geusb-8387 269 88 et et PROPN geusb-8387 269 89     SPACE geusb-8387 269 90 al al PROPN geusb-8387 269 91 . . PROPN geusb-8387 269 92 2017 2017 NUM geusb-8387 269 93 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 269 94 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 269 95 lastly lastly ADV geusb-8387 269 96 using use VERB geusb-8387 269 97 englacial englacial ADJ geusb-8387 269 98 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 269 99 profiles profile NOUN geusb-8387 269 100 to to PART geusb-8387 269 101 infer infer VERB geusb-8387 269 102 geothermal geothermal ADJ geusb-8387 269 103 heat heat NOUN geusb-8387 269 104 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 269 105 in in ADP geusb-8387 269 106 a a DET geusb-8387 269 107 poorly poorly ADV geusb-8387 269 108 unconstrained unconstrained ADJ geusb-8387 269 109 area area NOUN geusb-8387 269 110 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 269 111 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 269 112 et et PROPN geusb-8387 269 113     SPACE geusb-8387 269 114 al al PROPN geusb-8387 269 115 . . PROPN geusb-8387 269 116 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 269 117 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 269 118 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 270 1 there there PRON geusb-8387 270 2 is be VERB geusb-8387 270 3 also also ADV geusb-8387 270 4 the the DET geusb-8387 270 5 possibility possibility NOUN geusb-8387 270 6 to to PART geusb-8387 270 7 undertake undertake VERB geusb-8387 270 8 further further ADJ geusb-8387 270 9 opportunistic opportunistic ADJ geusb-8387 270 10 studies study NOUN geusb-8387 270 11 at at ADP geusb-8387 270 12 automatic automatic ADJ geusb-8387 270 13 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 270 14 stations station NOUN geusb-8387 270 15 located locate VERB geusb-8387 270 16 along along ADP geusb-8387 270 17 the the DET geusb-8387 270 18 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 270 19 route route NOUN geusb-8387 270 20 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 270 21 matoba matoba PROPN geusb-8387 270 22 et et PROPN geusb-8387 270 23     SPACE geusb-8387 270 24 al al PROPN geusb-8387 270 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 270 26 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 270 27 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 270 28 vandecrux vandecrux VERB geusb-8387 270 29 et et NOUN geusb-8387 270 30     SPACE geusb-8387 270 31 al al PROPN geusb-8387 270 32 . . PROPN geusb-8387 270 33 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 270 34 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 270 35 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 270 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 271 1 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 271 2 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 271 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 272 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 272 2 anticipate anticipate VERB geusb-8387 272 3 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 272 4 the the DET geusb-8387 272 5 science science NOUN geusb-8387 272 6 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 272 7 will will AUX geusb-8387 272 8 need need VERB geusb-8387 272 9 to to PART geusb-8387 272 10 transport transport VERB geusb-8387 272 11 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 272 12 3000 3000 NUM geusb-8387 272 13 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 272 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 272 15 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 272 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 272 17 camping camping NOUN geusb-8387 272 18 equipment equipment NOUN geusb-8387 272 19 to to ADP geusb-8387 272 20 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 272 21 land land NOUN geusb-8387 272 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 272 23 back back ADV geusb-8387 272 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 272 25 which which PRON geusb-8387 272 26 would would AUX geusb-8387 272 27 support support VERB geusb-8387 272 28 a a DET geusb-8387 272 29 six six NUM geusb-8387 272 30 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 272 31 person person NOUN geusb-8387 272 32 team team NOUN geusb-8387 272 33 for for ADP geusb-8387 272 34 an an DET geusb-8387 272 35 approximately approximately ADV geusb-8387 272 36 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 272 37 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 272 38 month month NOUN geusb-8387 272 39 period period NOUN geusb-8387 272 40 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 272 41 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 272 42 et et PROPN geusb-8387 272 43     SPACE geusb-8387 272 44 al al PROPN geusb-8387 272 45 . . PROPN geusb-8387 272 46 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 272 47 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 272 48 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 273 1 following follow VERB geusb-8387 273 2 a a DET geusb-8387 273 3 series series NOUN geusb-8387 273 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 273 5 small small ADJ geusb-8387 273 6 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 273 7 transit transit NOUN geusb-8387 273 8 camps camp NOUN geusb-8387 273 9 during during ADP geusb-8387 273 10 the the DET geusb-8387 273 11 inbound inbound ADJ geusb-8387 273 12 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 273 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 273 14 the the DET geusb-8387 273 15 team team NOUN geusb-8387 273 16 would would AUX geusb-8387 273 17 establish establish VERB geusb-8387 273 18 a a DET geusb-8387 273 19 larger large ADJ geusb-8387 273 20 multi multi ADJ geusb-8387 273 21 - - ADJ geusb-8387 273 22 week week NOUN geusb-8387 273 23 science science NOUN geusb-8387 273 24 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 273 25 in in ADP geusb-8387 273 26 the the DET geusb-8387 273 27 middle middle NOUN geusb-8387 273 28 of of ADP geusb-8387 273 29 the the DET geusb-8387 273 30 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 273 31 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 273 32 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 274 1 a a DET geusb-8387 274 2 science science NOUN geusb-8387 274 3 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 274 4 established establish VERB geusb-8387 274 5 at at ADP geusb-8387 274 6 the the DET geusb-8387 274 7 gi-8 gi-8 NOUN geusb-8387 274 8 / / SYM geusb-8387 274 9 gs-8 gs-8 NOUN geusb-8387 274 10 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 274 11 on on ADP geusb-8387 274 12 the the DET geusb-8387 274 13 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 274 14 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 274 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 274 16 81.1698 81.1698 NUM geusb-8387 274 17 ° ° NOUN geusb-8387 274 18 n n CCONJ geusb-8387 274 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 274 20 53.51036 53.51036 NUM geusb-8387 274 21 ° ° NUM geusb-8387 274 22 w w NOUN geusb-8387 274 23 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 274 24 would would AUX geusb-8387 274 25 be be AUX geusb-8387 274 26 within within ADP geusb-8387 274 27 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 274 28 600 600 NUM geusb-8387 274 29 m m NOUN geusb-8387 274 30 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 274 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 275 1 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 275 2     SPACE geusb-8387 275 3 assessing assess VERB geusb-8387 275 4 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 275 5 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 275 6 along along ADP geusb-8387 275 7 the the DET geusb-8387 275 8 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 275 9 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 275 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 276 1 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 276 2 a a X geusb-8387 276 3 ): ): PUNCT geusb-8387 276 4 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 276 5 band band NOUN geusb-8387 276 6 spot spot NOUN geusb-8387 276 7 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 276 8 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 276 9 image image NOUN geusb-8387 276 10 of of ADP geusb-8387 276 11 1.6 1.6 NUM geusb-8387 276 12 m m NOUN geusb-8387 276 13 spatial spatial ADJ geusb-8387 276 14 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 276 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 276 16 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 276 17 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 276 18 in in ADP geusb-8387 276 19 july july PROPN geusb-8387 276 20 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 276 21 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 276 22 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 276 23 2024b 2024b NUM geusb-8387 276 24 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 276 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 277 1 the the DET geusb-8387 277 2 black black ADJ geusb-8387 277 3 dashed dash VERB geusb-8387 277 4 line line NOUN geusb-8387 277 5 represents represent VERB geusb-8387 277 6 the the DET geusb-8387 277 7 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 277 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 277 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 278 1 locations location NOUN geusb-8387 278 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 278 3 inset inset NOUN geusb-8387 278 4 images image NOUN geusb-8387 278 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 278 6 shown show VERB geusb-8387 278 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 279 1 b b X geusb-8387 279 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 279 3 highlights highlight NOUN geusb-8387 279 4 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 279 5 traces trace NOUN geusb-8387 279 6 intersected intersect VERB geusb-8387 279 7 by by ADP geusb-8387 279 8 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 279 9 streams stream NOUN geusb-8387 279 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 280 1 c c X geusb-8387 280 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 280 3 highlights highlight NOUN geusb-8387 280 4 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 280 5 streams stream VERB geusb-8387 280 6 only only ADV geusb-8387 280 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 281 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 281 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 281 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 281 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 281 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 281 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 281 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 281 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 281 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 281 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 281 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 281 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 281 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 281 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 282 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 282 2 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 282 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 282 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 282 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org X geusb-8387 282 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 282 7 all all DET geusb-8387 282 8 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 282 9 bands band NOUN geusb-8387 282 10 between between ADP geusb-8387 282 11 gi-13 gi-13 PUNCT geusb-8387 282 12 termination termination NOUN geusb-8387 282 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 282 14 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 282 15 48 48 NUM geusb-8387 282 16     SPACE geusb-8387 282 17 000 000 NUM geusb-8387 282 18 years year NOUN geusb-8387 282 19 ago ago ADV geusb-8387 282 20 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 282 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 282 22 the the DET geusb-8387 282 23 younger young ADJ geusb-8387 282 24 dryas dryas NOUN geusb-8387 282 25 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 282 26 gi-1 gi-1 ADV geusb-8387 282 27 onset onset ADJ geusb-8387 282 28 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 282 29 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 282 30 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 282 31     SPACE geusb-8387 282 32 000 000 NUM geusb-8387 282 33 years year NOUN geusb-8387 282 34 ago ago ADV geusb-8387 282 35 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 282 36 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 282 37 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 282 38 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 282 39 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 282 40 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 283 1 similar similar ADJ geusb-8387 283 2 to to ADP geusb-8387 283 3 the the DET geusb-8387 283 4 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 283 5 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 283 6 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 283 7 area area NOUN geusb-8387 283 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 283 9 the the DET geusb-8387 283 10 presence presence NOUN geusb-8387 283 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 283 12 well well ADV geusb-8387 283 13 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 283 14 developed develop VERB geusb-8387 283 15 supraglacial supraglacial ADJ geusb-8387 283 16 runoff runoff NOUN geusb-8387 283 17 channels channel NOUN geusb-8387 283 18 in in ADP geusb-8387 283 19 high high ADJ geusb-8387 283 20 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 283 21 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 283 22 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 283 23 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 283 24 indicates indicate VERB geusb-8387 283 25 an an DET geusb-8387 283 26 absence absence NOUN geusb-8387 283 27 of of ADP geusb-8387 283 28 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 283 29 in in ADP geusb-8387 283 30 the the DET geusb-8387 283 31 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 283 32 land land NOUN geusb-8387 283 33 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 283 34 area area NOUN geusb-8387 283 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 284 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 284 2 should should AUX geusb-8387 284 3 permit permit VERB geusb-8387 284 4 field field NOUN geusb-8387 284 5 scientists scientist NOUN geusb-8387 284 6 to to PART geusb-8387 284 7 move move VERB geusb-8387 284 8 with with ADP geusb-8387 284 9 relative relative ADJ geusb-8387 284 10 ease ease NOUN geusb-8387 284 11 along along ADP geusb-8387 284 12 the the DET geusb-8387 284 13 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 284 14 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 284 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 285 1 the the DET geusb-8387 285 2 green green PROPN geusb-8387 285 3 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 285 4 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 285 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 285 6 an an DET geusb-8387 285 7 economical economical ADJ geusb-8387 285 8 way way NOUN geusb-8387 285 9 to to PART geusb-8387 285 10 move move VERB geusb-8387 285 11 heavy heavy ADJ geusb-8387 285 12 equipment equipment NOUN geusb-8387 285 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 285 14 supplies supply NOUN geusb-8387 285 15 across across ADP geusb-8387 285 16 the the DET geusb-8387 285 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 285 18 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 285 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 285 20 while while SCONJ geusb-8387 285 21 also also ADV geusb-8387 285 22 allowing allow VERB geusb-8387 285 23 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 285 24 activities activity NOUN geusb-8387 285 25 to to PART geusb-8387 285 26 be be AUX geusb-8387 285 27 performed perform VERB geusb-8387 285 28 along along ADP geusb-8387 285 29 the the DET geusb-8387 285 30 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 285 31 route route NOUN geusb-8387 285 32 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 285 33 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 285 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 286 1 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 286 2 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 286 3 lever lever NOUN geusb-8387 286 4 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 286 5 weale weale PROPN geusb-8387 286 6 2011 2011 NUM geusb-8387 286 7 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 286 8 hawley hawley PROPN geusb-8387 286 9 et et PROPN geusb-8387 286 10     SPACE geusb-8387 286 11 al al PROPN geusb-8387 286 12 . . PROPN geusb-8387 286 13 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 286 14 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 286 15 lever lever NOUN geusb-8387 286 16 et et PROPN geusb-8387 286 17     SPACE geusb-8387 286 18 al al PROPN geusb-8387 286 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 286 20 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 286 21 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 287 1 stockholm stockholm PROPN geusb-8387 287 2 et et PROPN geusb-8387 287 3     SPACE geusb-8387 287 4 al al PROPN geusb-8387 287 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 287 6 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 287 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 287 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 288 1 for for ADP geusb-8387 288 2 example example NOUN geusb-8387 288 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 288 4 the the DET geusb-8387 288 5 usace usace NOUN geusb-8387 288 6 estimated estimate VERB geusb-8387 288 7 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 288 8 the the DET geusb-8387 288 9 weasel weasel NOUN geusb-8387 288 10 m29c m29c PROPN geusb-8387 288 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 288 12 with with ADP geusb-8387 288 13 a a DET geusb-8387 288 14 tare tare NOUN geusb-8387 288 15 weight weight NOUN geusb-8387 288 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 288 17 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 288 18 2500 2500 NUM geusb-8387 288 19 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 288 20 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 288 21 a a DET geusb-8387 288 22 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 288 23 pressure pressure NOUN geusb-8387 288 24 of of ADP geusb-8387 288 25 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 288 26 psi psi NOUN geusb-8387 288 27 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 288 28 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 288 29 kpa kpa NOUN geusb-8387 288 30 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 288 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 288 32 has have VERB geusb-8387 288 33 a a DET geusb-8387 288 34 rolling rolling ADJ geusb-8387 288 35 resistance resistance NOUN geusb-8387 288 36 of of ADP geusb-8387 288 37 just just ADV geusb-8387 288 38 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 288 39 % % NOUN geusb-8387 288 40 in in ADP geusb-8387 288 41 dry dry ADJ geusb-8387 288 42 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 288 43 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 288 44 characteristic characteristic ADJ geusb-8387 288 45 of of ADP geusb-8387 288 46 much much ADJ geusb-8387 288 47 of of ADP geusb-8387 288 48 the the DET geusb-8387 288 49 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 288 50 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 288 51 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 288 52 interior interior NOUN geusb-8387 288 53 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 288 54 nuttall nuttall PROPN geusb-8387 288 55 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 288 56 finelli finelli PROPN geusb-8387 288 57 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 288 58 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 288 59 rula rula NOUN geusb-8387 288 60 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 288 61 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 288 62 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 289 1 under under ADP geusb-8387 289 2 saturated saturate VERB geusb-8387 289 3 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 289 4 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 289 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 289 6 found find VERB geusb-8387 289 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 289 8 the the DET geusb-8387 289 9 ablation ablation NOUN geusb-8387 289 10 area area NOUN geusb-8387 289 11 during during ADP geusb-8387 289 12 the the DET geusb-8387 289 13 melt melt NOUN geusb-8387 289 14 season season NOUN geusb-8387 289 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 289 16 the the DET geusb-8387 289 17 weasel weasel NOUN geusb-8387 289 18 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 289 19 rolling roll VERB geusb-8387 289 20 resistance resistance NOUN geusb-8387 289 21 can can AUX geusb-8387 289 22 increase increase VERB geusb-8387 289 23 to to ADP geusb-8387 289 24 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 289 25 % % NOUN geusb-8387 289 26 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 290 1 generally generally ADV geusb-8387 290 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 290 3 however however ADV geusb-8387 290 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 290 5 the the DET geusb-8387 290 6 relatively relatively ADV geusb-8387 290 7 low low ADJ geusb-8387 290 8 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 290 9 footprint footprint NOUN geusb-8387 290 10 of of ADP geusb-8387 290 11 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 290 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 290 13 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 290 14 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 290 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 290 16 in in ADP geusb-8387 290 17 comparison comparison NOUN geusb-8387 290 18 to to ADP geusb-8387 290 19 charter charter NOUN geusb-8387 290 20 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 290 21 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 290 22 supported support VERB geusb-8387 290 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 290 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 290 25 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 290 26 access access NOUN geusb-8387 290 27 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 290 28 makes make VERB geusb-8387 290 29 them they PRON geusb-8387 290 30 increasingly increasingly ADV geusb-8387 290 31 attractive attractive ADJ geusb-8387 290 32 options option NOUN geusb-8387 290 33 for for ADP geusb-8387 290 34 adopting adopt VERB geusb-8387 290 35 more more ADJ geusb-8387 290 36 c c NOUN geusb-8387 290 37 b b NOUN geusb-8387 290 38 older old ADJ geusb-8387 290 39 boundaries boundary NOUN geusb-8387 290 40 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 290 41 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 290 42 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 290 43 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 290 44 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 290 45 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 290 46 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 290 47 1110 1110 NUM geusb-8387 290 48 11108 11108 NUM geusb-8387 290 49 98 98 NUM geusb-8387 290 50 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 290 51 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 290 52 76 76 NUM geusb-8387 290 53 65.23 65.23 NUM geusb-8387 290 54 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 290 55 5.1 5.1 NUM geusb-8387 290 56 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 290 57 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 290 58 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 290 59 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 290 60 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 290 61 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 290 62 172 172 NUM geusb-8387 290 63 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 290 64 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 290 65 5.1 5.1 NUM geusb-8387 290 66 5.2 5.2 NUM geusb-8387 290 67 greenland greenland NOUN geusb-8387 290 68 stadial stadial PROPN geusb-8387 290 69 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 290 70 gs- gs- PROPN geusb-8387 290 71 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 290 72 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 290 73 interstadial interstadial PROPN geusb-8387 290 74 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 290 75 gi- gi- NOUN geusb-8387 290 76 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 290 77 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 290 78 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 290 79 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 291 1 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 291 2     SPACE geusb-8387 291 3 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 291 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 291 5 the the DET geusb-8387 291 6 planned plan VERB geusb-8387 291 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 291 8 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 291 9 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 291 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 291 11 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 291 12 land land NOUN geusb-8387 291 13 adapted adapt VERB geusb-8387 291 14 from from ADP geusb-8387 291 15 macgregor macgregor PROPN geusb-8387 291 16 et et PROPN geusb-8387 291 17     SPACE geusb-8387 291 18 al al PROPN geusb-8387 291 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 291 20 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 291 21 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 291 22 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 291 23 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 292 1 a a DET geusb-8387 292 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 292 3 contrast contrast NOUN geusb-8387 292 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 292 5 stretched stretch VERB geusb-8387 292 6 worldview-2 worldview-2 ADJ geusb-8387 292 7 multispectral multispectral ADJ geusb-8387 292 8 image image NOUN geusb-8387 292 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 292 10 the the DET geusb-8387 292 11 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 292 12 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 292 13 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 292 14 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 292 15 at at ADP geusb-8387 292 16 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 292 17 land land NOUN geusb-8387 292 18 with with ADP geusb-8387 292 19 1.8 1.8 NUM geusb-8387 292 20 m m PROPN geusb-8387 292 21 spatial spatial ADJ geusb-8387 292 22 resolution resolution NOUN geusb-8387 292 23 from from ADP geusb-8387 292 24 19 19 NUM geusb-8387 292 25 august august PROPN geusb-8387 292 26 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 292 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 293 1 white white PROPN geusb-8387 293 2 dashed dash VERB geusb-8387 293 3 line line NOUN geusb-8387 293 4 indicates indicate VERB geusb-8387 293 5 area area NOUN geusb-8387 293 6 covered cover VERB geusb-8387 293 7 by by ADP geusb-8387 293 8 panel panel NOUN geusb-8387 293 9 b. b. PROPN geusb-8387 294 1 ‘ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 294 2 b b X geusb-8387 294 3 ’ ' PUNCT geusb-8387 294 4 indicates indicate VERB geusb-8387 294 5 the the DET geusb-8387 294 6 origin origin NOUN geusb-8387 294 7 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 294 8 0 0 NUM geusb-8387 294 9 m m NOUN geusb-8387 294 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 294 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 294 12 the the DET geusb-8387 294 13 science science NOUN geusb-8387 294 14 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 294 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 295 1 b b X geusb-8387 295 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 295 3 45º-rotated 45º-rotate VERB geusb-8387 295 4 zoom zoom NOUN geusb-8387 295 5 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 295 6 in in NOUN geusb-8387 295 7 on on ADP geusb-8387 295 8 exposed expose VERB geusb-8387 295 9 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 295 10 layering layering NOUN geusb-8387 295 11 with with ADP geusb-8387 295 12 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 295 13 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 295 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 295 15 black black ADJ geusb-8387 295 16 line line NOUN geusb-8387 295 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 295 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 296 1 colour colour NOUN geusb-8387 296 2 shading shading NOUN geusb-8387 296 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 296 4 lines line NOUN geusb-8387 296 5 defined define VERB geusb-8387 296 6 in in ADP geusb-8387 296 7 panel panel NOUN geusb-8387 296 8 a. a. NOUN geusb-8387 296 9 c c NOUN geusb-8387 296 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 296 11 dust dust NOUN geusb-8387 296 12 concentration concentration NOUN geusb-8387 296 13 measured measure VERB geusb-8387 296 14 in in ADP geusb-8387 296 15 the the DET geusb-8387 296 16 northgrip northgrip NOUN geusb-8387 296 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 296 18 core core NOUN geusb-8387 296 19 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 296 20 ruth ruth PROPN geusb-8387 296 21 et et PROPN geusb-8387 296 22     SPACE geusb-8387 296 23 al al PROPN geusb-8387 296 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 296 25 2003 2003 NUM geusb-8387 296 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 296 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 297 1 shaded shade VERB geusb-8387 297 2 polygons polygon NOUN geusb-8387 297 3 that that PRON geusb-8387 297 4 link link VERB geusb-8387 297 5 panel panel NOUN geusb-8387 297 6 b b PROPN geusb-8387 297 7 with with ADP geusb-8387 297 8 c c PROPN geusb-8387 297 9 illustrate illustrate VERB geusb-8387 297 10 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 297 11 stratigraphic stratigraphic ADJ geusb-8387 297 12 correlations correlation NOUN geusb-8387 297 13 between between ADP geusb-8387 297 14 surfaceand surfaceand NOUN geusb-8387 297 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 297 16 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 297 17 core core NOUN geusb-8387 297 18 observed observe VERB geusb-8387 297 19 dustiness dustiness ADJ geusb-8387 297 20 – – PUNCT geusb-8387 297 21 blue blue ADJ geusb-8387 297 22 shading shading NOUN geusb-8387 297 23 indicates indicate VERB geusb-8387 297 24 low low ADJ geusb-8387 297 25 dust dust NOUN geusb-8387 297 26 concentrations concentration NOUN geusb-8387 297 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 297 28 brown brown ADJ geusb-8387 297 29 shading shading NOUN geusb-8387 297 30 indicates indicate VERB geusb-8387 297 31 high high ADJ geusb-8387 297 32 dust dust NOUN geusb-8387 297 33 concentrations concentration NOUN geusb-8387 297 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 298 1 d d X geusb-8387 298 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 298 3 relation relation NOUN geusb-8387 298 4 between between ADP geusb-8387 298 5 along along ADP geusb-8387 298 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 298 7 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 298 8 distance distance NOUN geusb-8387 298 9 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 298 10 apparent apparent ADJ geusb-8387 298 11 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 298 12 age age NOUN geusb-8387 298 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 298 14 based base VERB geusb-8387 298 15 on on ADP geusb-8387 298 16 visual visual ADJ geusb-8387 298 17 correlations correlation NOUN geusb-8387 298 18 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 298 19 colour colour NOUN geusb-8387 298 20 shading shading NOUN geusb-8387 298 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 298 22 dots dot NOUN geusb-8387 298 23 defined define VERB geusb-8387 298 24 in in ADP geusb-8387 298 25 panel panel NOUN geusb-8387 298 26 a a PRON geusb-8387 298 27 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 298 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 299 1 worldview worldview ADJ geusb-8387 299 2 image image NOUN geusb-8387 299 3 in in ADP geusb-8387 299 4 a a PRON geusb-8387 299 5 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 299 6 b b NOUN geusb-8387 299 7 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 299 8 copyright copyright PROPN geusb-8387 299 9 maxar maxar PROPN geusb-8387 299 10 inc inc PROPN geusb-8387 299 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 300 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 PROPN geusb-8387 300 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 300 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 300 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 300 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 300 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 300 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 300 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 300 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 300 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 300 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 300 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 300 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 300 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 301 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 301 2 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 301 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 301 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 301 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NOUN geusb-8387 301 6 sustainable sustainable ADJ geusb-8387 301 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 301 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 301 9 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 301 10 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 301 11 as as ADP geusb-8387 301 12 part part NOUN geusb-8387 301 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 301 14 the the DET geusb-8387 301 15 green green ADJ geusb-8387 301 16 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 301 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 302 1 the the DET geusb-8387 302 2 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 302 3 consumption consumption NOUN geusb-8387 302 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 302 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 302 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 302 7 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 302 8 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 302 9 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 302 10 is be AUX geusb-8387 302 11 highly highly ADV geusb-8387 302 12 variable variable ADJ geusb-8387 302 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 303 1 reported report VERB geusb-8387 303 2 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 303 3 consumption consumption NOUN geusb-8387 303 4 varies vary VERB geusb-8387 303 5 with with ADP geusb-8387 303 6 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 303 7 type type NOUN geusb-8387 303 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 303 9 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 303 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 303 11 operating operate VERB geusb-8387 303 12 altitude altitude NOUN geusb-8387 303 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 303 14 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 303 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 303 16 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 303 17 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 303 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 303 19 driver driver NOUN geusb-8387 303 20 performance performance NOUN geusb-8387 303 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 304 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 304 2 tabulate tabulate VERB geusb-8387 304 3 reported report VERB geusb-8387 304 4 mileage mileage NOUN geusb-8387 304 5 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 304 6 payloads payload NOUN geusb-8387 304 7 for for ADP geusb-8387 304 8 six six NUM geusb-8387 304 9 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 304 10 types type NOUN geusb-8387 304 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 304 12 estimate estimate VERB geusb-8387 304 13 their their PRON geusb-8387 304 14 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 304 15 efficiency efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 304 16 as as ADP geusb-8387 304 17 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 304 18 mileage mileage NOUN geusb-8387 304 19 divided divide VERB geusb-8387 304 20 by by ADP geusb-8387 304 21 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 304 22 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 304 23 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 304 24 table table NOUN geusb-8387 304 25 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 304 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 304 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 305 1 the the DET geusb-8387 305 2 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 305 3 efficiency efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 305 4 units unit NOUN geusb-8387 305 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 305 6 l l NOUN geusb-8387 305 7 / / SYM geusb-8387 305 8 km km PROPN geusb-8387 305 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 305 10 t t PROPN geusb-8387 305 11 reflect reflect VERB geusb-8387 305 12 the the DET geusb-8387 305 13 amount amount NOUN geusb-8387 305 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 305 15 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 305 16 required require VERB geusb-8387 305 17 to to PART geusb-8387 305 18 move move VERB geusb-8387 305 19 a a DET geusb-8387 305 20 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 305 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 305 22 one one NUM geusb-8387 305 23 tonne tonne NOUN geusb-8387 305 24 over over ADP geusb-8387 305 25 a a DET geusb-8387 305 26 distance distance NOUN geusb-8387 305 27 of of ADP geusb-8387 305 28 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 305 29 km km NOUN geusb-8387 305 30 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 306 1 these these DET geusb-8387 306 2 efficiencies efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 306 3 range range VERB geusb-8387 306 4 across across ADP geusb-8387 306 5 an an DET geusb-8387 306 6 order order NOUN geusb-8387 306 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 306 8 magnitude magnitude NOUN geusb-8387 306 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 306 10 from from ADP geusb-8387 306 11 0.023 0.023 NUM geusb-8387 306 12 l l NOUN geusb-8387 306 13 / / SYM geusb-8387 306 14 km km PROPN geusb-8387 306 15 / / SYM geusb-8387 306 16 t t PROPN geusb-8387 306 17 for for ADP geusb-8387 306 18 a a DET geusb-8387 306 19 piston piston NOUN geusb-8387 306 20 bully bully NOUN geusb-8387 306 21 300 300 NUM geusb-8387 306 22 to to ADP geusb-8387 306 23 0.80 0.80 NUM geusb-8387 306 24 l l NOUN geusb-8387 306 25 / / SYM geusb-8387 306 26 km km NOUN geusb-8387 306 27 / / SYM geusb-8387 306 28 t t PROPN geusb-8387 306 29 for for ADP geusb-8387 306 30 a a DET geusb-8387 306 31 weasel weasel NOUN geusb-8387 306 32 m29c m29c PROPN geusb-8387 306 33 . . PROPN geusb-8387 307 1 for for ADP geusb-8387 307 2 comparison comparison NOUN geusb-8387 307 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 307 4 a a DET geusb-8387 307 5 ski ski NOUN geusb-8387 307 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 307 7 equipped equip VERB geusb-8387 307 8 twin twin ADJ geusb-8387 307 9 otter otter NOUN geusb-8387 307 10 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 307 11 consumes consume VERB geusb-8387 307 12 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 307 13 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 307 14 l l NOUN geusb-8387 307 15 / / SYM geusb-8387 307 16 km km NOUN geusb-8387 307 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 307 18 jet jet NOUN geusb-8387 307 19 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 307 20 a a DET geusb-8387 307 21 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 307 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 307 23 can can AUX geusb-8387 307 24 deliver deliver VERB geusb-8387 307 25 300 300 NUM geusb-8387 307 26 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 307 27 of of ADP geusb-8387 307 28 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 307 29 to to ADP geusb-8387 307 30 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 307 31 land land NOUN geusb-8387 307 32 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 307 33 which which PRON geusb-8387 307 34 is be AUX geusb-8387 307 35 at at ADP geusb-8387 307 36 an an DET geusb-8387 307 37 effective effective ADJ geusb-8387 307 38 range range NOUN geusb-8387 307 39 limit limit NOUN geusb-8387 307 40 from from ADP geusb-8387 307 41 qaanaaq qaanaaq NOUN geusb-8387 307 42 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 308 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 308 2 yields yield VERB geusb-8387 308 3 a a DET geusb-8387 308 4 somewhat somewhat ADV geusb-8387 308 5 analogous analogous ADJ geusb-8387 308 6 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 308 7 efficiency efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 308 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 308 9 6.7 6.7 NUM geusb-8387 308 10 l l NOUN geusb-8387 308 11 / / SYM geusb-8387 308 12 km km PROPN geusb-8387 308 13 / / SYM geusb-8387 308 14 t t PROPN geusb-8387 308 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 308 16 but but CCONJ geusb-8387 308 17 this this PRON geusb-8387 308 18 is be AUX geusb-8387 308 19 not not PART geusb-8387 308 20 entirely entirely ADV geusb-8387 308 21 comparable comparable ADJ geusb-8387 308 22 to to ADP geusb-8387 308 23 the the DET geusb-8387 308 24 values value NOUN geusb-8387 308 25 listed list VERB geusb-8387 308 26 in in ADP geusb-8387 308 27 table table NOUN geusb-8387 308 28 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 308 29 as as SCONJ geusb-8387 308 30 it it PRON geusb-8387 308 31 externalises externalise VERB geusb-8387 308 32 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 308 33 weight weight NOUN geusb-8387 308 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 309 1 generally generally ADV geusb-8387 309 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 309 3 a a DET geusb-8387 309 4 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 309 5 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 309 6 to to ADP geusb-8387 309 7 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 309 8 land land NOUN geusb-8387 309 9 will will AUX geusb-8387 309 10 use use VERB geusb-8387 309 11 at at ADV geusb-8387 309 12 least least ADV geusb-8387 309 13 90 90 NUM geusb-8387 309 14 % % NOUN geusb-8387 309 15 less less ADJ geusb-8387 309 16 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 309 17 per per ADP geusb-8387 309 18 kilometre kilometre NOUN geusb-8387 309 19 per per ADP geusb-8387 309 20 tonne tonne NOUN geusb-8387 309 21 than than ADP geusb-8387 309 22 typical typical ADJ geusb-8387 309 23 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 309 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 309 25 supported support VERB geusb-8387 309 26 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 309 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 310 1 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 310 2 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 310 3 also also ADV geusb-8387 310 4 offer offer VERB geusb-8387 310 5 the the DET geusb-8387 310 6 possibility possibility NOUN geusb-8387 310 7 to to PART geusb-8387 310 8 use use VERB geusb-8387 310 9 bioor bioor NOUN geusb-8387 310 10 alternative alternative ADJ geusb-8387 310 11 fuels fuel NOUN geusb-8387 310 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 310 13 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 310 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 311 1 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 311 2     SPACE geusb-8387 311 3 photographs photograph NOUN geusb-8387 311 4 highlighting highlight VERB geusb-8387 311 5 the the DET geusb-8387 311 6 light light ADJ geusb-8387 311 7 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 311 8 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 311 9 itemised itemise VERB geusb-8387 311 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 311 11 table table NOUN geusb-8387 311 12 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 311 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 312 1 a a DET geusb-8387 312 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 312 3 snowmobile snowmobile NOUN geusb-8387 312 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 313 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 313 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 313 3 william william PROPN geusb-8387 313 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 313 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 314 1 b b X geusb-8387 314 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 314 3 weasel weasel NOUN geusb-8387 314 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 315 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 315 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 315 3 wikimedia wikimedia NOUN geusb-8387 315 4 commons common NOUN geusb-8387 315 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 316 1 c c X geusb-8387 316 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 316 3 pisten pisten VERB geusb-8387 316 4 bully bully PROPN geusb-8387 316 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 317 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 317 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 317 3 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 317 4 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 317 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 318 1 d d X geusb-8387 318 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 318 3 tucker tucker PROPN geusb-8387 318 4 snocat snocat PROPN geusb-8387 318 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 319 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 319 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 319 3 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 319 4 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 319 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 320 1 e e X geusb-8387 320 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 320 3 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 320 4 truck truck NOUN geusb-8387 320 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 321 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 321 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 321 3 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 321 4 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 321 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 322 1 f f X geusb-8387 322 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 322 3 sherp sherp NOUN geusb-8387 322 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 323 1 photo photo NOUN geusb-8387 323 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 323 3 henrik henrik PROPN geusb-8387 323 4 p.ø p.ø PROPN geusb-8387 323 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 323 6 lassen lassen PROPN geusb-8387 323 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 324 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 324 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 324 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 324 4 et et PROPN geusb-8387 324 5 al al PROPN geusb-8387 324 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 324 7 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 324 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 324 9 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 324 10 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 324 11 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 324 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 324 13 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 324 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 325 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 325 2 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 325 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 325 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 325 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org NUM geusb-8387 325 6 which which PRON geusb-8387 325 7 are be AUX geusb-8387 325 8 not not PART geusb-8387 325 9 presently presently ADV geusb-8387 325 10 an an DET geusb-8387 325 11 option option NOUN geusb-8387 325 12 for for ADP geusb-8387 325 13 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 325 14 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 325 15 in in ADP geusb-8387 325 16 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 325 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 326 1 for for ADP geusb-8387 326 2 our our PRON geusb-8387 326 3 specific specific ADJ geusb-8387 326 4 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 326 5 land land NOUN geusb-8387 326 6 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 326 7 application application NOUN geusb-8387 326 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 326 9 we we PRON geusb-8387 326 10 can can AUX geusb-8387 326 11 calculate calculate VERB geusb-8387 326 12 the the DET geusb-8387 326 13 direct direct ADJ geusb-8387 326 14 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 326 15 emissions emission NOUN geusb-8387 326 16 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 326 17 with with ADP geusb-8387 326 18 deploying deploy VERB geusb-8387 326 19 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 326 20 3000 3000 NUM geusb-8387 326 21 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 326 22 with with ADP geusb-8387 326 23 six six NUM geusb-8387 326 24 persons person NOUN geusb-8387 326 25 to to ADP geusb-8387 326 26 our our PRON geusb-8387 326 27 intended intend VERB geusb-8387 326 28 science science NOUN geusb-8387 326 29 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 326 30 via via ADP geusb-8387 326 31 twin twin ADJ geusb-8387 326 32 otter otter NOUN geusb-8387 326 33 versus versus ADP geusb-8387 326 34 sherp sherp NOUN geusb-8387 326 35 1200n 1200n NUM geusb-8387 326 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 327 1 for for ADP geusb-8387 327 2 a a DET geusb-8387 327 3 twin twin ADJ geusb-8387 327 4 otter otter NOUN geusb-8387 327 5 scenario scenario NOUN geusb-8387 327 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 327 7 each each DET geusb-8387 327 8 round round ADJ geusb-8387 327 9 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 327 10 trip trip NOUN geusb-8387 327 11 flight flight NOUN geusb-8387 327 12 from from ADP geusb-8387 327 13 qaanaaq qaanaaq NOUN geusb-8387 327 14 to to ADP geusb-8387 327 15 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 327 16 land land NOUN geusb-8387 327 17 to to PART geusb-8387 327 18 deliver deliver VERB geusb-8387 327 19 300 300 NUM geusb-8387 327 20 kg kg PROPN geusb-8387 327 21 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 327 22 uses use VERB geusb-8387 327 23 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 327 24 2120 2120 NUM geusb-8387 327 25 l l NOUN geusb-8387 327 26 of of ADP geusb-8387 327 27 jet jet NOUN geusb-8387 327 28 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 327 29 a a DET geusb-8387 327 30 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 327 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 328 1 ten ten NUM geusb-8387 328 2 put put VERB geusb-8387 328 3 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 328 4 in in ADP geusb-8387 328 5 flights flight NOUN geusb-8387 328 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 328 7 pull pull NOUN geusb-8387 328 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 328 9 out out ADP geusb-8387 328 10 flights flight NOUN geusb-8387 328 11 to to PART geusb-8387 328 12 transport transport VERB geusb-8387 328 13 the the DET geusb-8387 328 14 total total ADJ geusb-8387 328 15 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 328 16 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 328 17 would would AUX geusb-8387 328 18 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 328 19 require require VERB geusb-8387 328 20 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 328 21 42 42 NUM geusb-8387 328 22     SPACE geusb-8387 328 23 400 400 NUM geusb-8387 328 24 l l NOUN geusb-8387 328 25 of of ADP geusb-8387 328 26 jet jet NOUN geusb-8387 328 27 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 328 28 a a DET geusb-8387 328 29 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 328 30 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 329 1 for for ADP geusb-8387 329 2 a a DET geusb-8387 329 3 sherp sherp ADJ geusb-8387 329 4 1200n 1200n NUM geusb-8387 329 5 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 329 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 329 7 each each DET geusb-8387 329 8 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 329 9 would would AUX geusb-8387 329 10 use use VERB geusb-8387 329 11 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 329 12 620 620 NUM geusb-8387 329 13 l l NOUN geusb-8387 329 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 329 15 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 329 16 for for ADP geusb-8387 329 17 the the DET geusb-8387 329 18 return return NOUN geusb-8387 329 19 trip trip NOUN geusb-8387 329 20 from from ADP geusb-8387 329 21 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 329 22 to to ADP geusb-8387 329 23 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 329 24 land land NOUN geusb-8387 329 25 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 329 26 back back ADV geusb-8387 329 27 to to ADP geusb-8387 329 28 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 329 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 330 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 330 2 therefore therefore ADV geusb-8387 330 3 assume assume VERB geusb-8387 330 4 a a DET geusb-8387 330 5 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 330 6 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 330 7 is be AUX geusb-8387 330 8 approximately approximately ADV geusb-8387 330 9 half half NOUN geusb-8387 330 10 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 330 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 330 12 half half NOUN geusb-8387 330 13 cargo cargo NOUN geusb-8387 330 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 331 1 this this PRON geusb-8387 331 2 would would AUX geusb-8387 331 3 require require VERB geusb-8387 331 4 five five NUM geusb-8387 331 5 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 331 6 to to PART geusb-8387 331 7 transport transport VERB geusb-8387 331 8 the the DET geusb-8387 331 9 total total ADJ geusb-8387 331 10 science science NOUN geusb-8387 331 11 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 331 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 332 1 these these DET geusb-8387 332 2 five five NUM geusb-8387 332 3 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 332 4 would would AUX geusb-8387 332 5 require require VERB geusb-8387 332 6 a a DET geusb-8387 332 7 total total NOUN geusb-8387 332 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 332 9 c. c. NOUN geusb-8387 332 10 3090 3090 NUM geusb-8387 332 11 l l NOUN geusb-8387 332 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 332 13 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 332 14 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 332 15 to to PART geusb-8387 332 16 complete complete VERB geusb-8387 332 17 the the DET geusb-8387 332 18 roundtrip roundtrip NOUN geusb-8387 332 19 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 332 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 333 1 in in ADP geusb-8387 333 2 this this DET geusb-8387 333 3 specific specific ADJ geusb-8387 333 4 application application NOUN geusb-8387 333 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 333 6 the the DET geusb-8387 333 7 overland overland PROPN geusb-8387 333 8 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 333 9 scenario scenario NOUN geusb-8387 333 10 uses use VERB geusb-8387 333 11 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 333 12 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 333 13 % % NOUN geusb-8387 333 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 333 15 the the DET geusb-8387 333 16 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 333 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 333 18 the the DET geusb-8387 333 19 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 333 20 scenario scenario NOUN geusb-8387 333 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 334 1 this this DET geusb-8387 334 2 difference difference NOUN geusb-8387 334 3 in in ADP geusb-8387 334 4 direct direct ADJ geusb-8387 334 5 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 334 6 emissions emission NOUN geusb-8387 334 7 increases increase VERB geusb-8387 334 8 if if SCONJ geusb-8387 334 9 the the DET geusb-8387 334 10 emissions emission NOUN geusb-8387 334 11 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 334 12 with with ADP geusb-8387 334 13 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 334 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 334 15 lifting lift VERB geusb-8387 334 16 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 334 17 or or CCONJ geusb-8387 334 18 flying fly VERB geusb-8387 334 19 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 334 20 to to ADP geusb-8387 334 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 334 22 from from ADP geusb-8387 334 23 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 334 24 are be AUX geusb-8387 334 25 also also ADV geusb-8387 334 26 included include VERB geusb-8387 334 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 335 1 summary summary NOUN geusb-8387 335 2 we we PRON geusb-8387 335 3 evaluate evaluate VERB geusb-8387 335 4 the the DET geusb-8387 335 5 feasibility feasibility NOUN geusb-8387 335 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 335 7 an an DET geusb-8387 335 8 overland overland NOUN geusb-8387 335 9 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 335 10 from from ADP geusb-8387 335 11 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 335 12 to to ADP geusb-8387 335 13 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 335 14 land land NOUN geusb-8387 335 15 that that PRON geusb-8387 335 16 provides provide VERB geusb-8387 335 17 a a DET geusb-8387 335 18 safe safe ADJ geusb-8387 335 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 335 20 efficient efficient ADJ geusb-8387 335 21 method method NOUN geusb-8387 335 22 to to PART geusb-8387 335 23 access access VERB geusb-8387 335 24 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 335 25 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 335 26 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 335 27 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 335 28 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 335 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 336 1 the the DET geusb-8387 336 2 778 778 NUM geusb-8387 336 3 km km NOUN geusb-8387 336 4 route route NOUN geusb-8387 336 5 is be AUX geusb-8387 336 6 designed design VERB geusb-8387 336 7 to to PART geusb-8387 336 8 minimise minimise VERB geusb-8387 336 9 variations variation NOUN geusb-8387 336 10 in in ADP geusb-8387 336 11 altitude altitude NOUN geusb-8387 336 12 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 336 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 336 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 336 15 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 336 16 velocities velocity NOUN geusb-8387 336 17 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 336 18 strain strain NOUN geusb-8387 336 19 rates rate NOUN geusb-8387 336 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 336 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 336 22 mitigate mitigate VERB geusb-8387 336 23 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 336 24 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 336 25 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 336 26 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 336 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 336 28 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 336 29 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 336 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 336 31 as as ADV geusb-8387 336 32 well well ADV geusb-8387 336 33 as as ADP geusb-8387 336 34 temperature temperature NOUN geusb-8387 336 35 risks risk NOUN geusb-8387 336 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 337 1 the the DET geusb-8387 337 2 route route NOUN geusb-8387 337 3 uses use VERB geusb-8387 337 4 the the DET geusb-8387 337 5 historical historical ADJ geusb-8387 337 6 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 337 7 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 337 8 to to PART geusb-8387 337 9 ascend ascend VERB geusb-8387 337 10 the the DET geusb-8387 337 11 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 337 12 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 337 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 337 14 instead instead ADV geusb-8387 337 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 337 16 the the DET geusb-8387 337 17 more more ADV geusb-8387 337 18 crevassed crevassed ADJ geusb-8387 337 19 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 337 20 ramp ramp PROPN geusb-8387 337 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 338 1 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 338 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 338 3 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 338 4 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 338 5 confirms confirm VERB geusb-8387 338 6 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 338 7 the the DET geusb-8387 338 8 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 338 9 access access NOUN geusb-8387 338 10 road road NOUN geusb-8387 338 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 338 12 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 338 13 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 338 14 is be AUX geusb-8387 338 15 mostly mostly ADV geusb-8387 338 16 drivable drivable ADJ geusb-8387 338 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 338 18 with with ADP geusb-8387 338 19 seven seven NUM geusb-8387 338 20 washouts washout NOUN geusb-8387 338 21 in in ADP geusb-8387 338 22 depressions depression NOUN geusb-8387 338 23 that that PRON geusb-8387 338 24 spring spring NOUN geusb-8387 338 25 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 338 26 is be AUX geusb-8387 338 27 expected expect VERB geusb-8387 338 28 to to PART geusb-8387 338 29 largely largely ADV geusb-8387 338 30 mitigate mitigate VERB geusb-8387 338 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 339 1 the the DET geusb-8387 339 2 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 339 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 339 4 within within ADP geusb-8387 339 5 uummannap uummannap NOUN geusb-8387 339 6 kangerlua kangerlua PROPN geusb-8387 339 7 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 339 8 wolstenholme wolstenholme NOUN geusb-8387 339 9 fjord fjord NOUN geusb-8387 339 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 339 11 has have VERB geusb-8387 339 12 a a DET geusb-8387 339 13 relatively relatively ADV geusb-8387 339 14 consistent consistent ADJ geusb-8387 339 15 seasonal seasonal ADJ geusb-8387 339 16 pattern pattern NOUN geusb-8387 339 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 339 18 thickness thickness NOUN geusb-8387 339 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 339 20 extent extent NOUN geusb-8387 339 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 340 1 landfast landfast PROPN geusb-8387 340 2 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 340 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 340 4 with with ADP geusb-8387 340 5 minimal minimal ADJ geusb-8387 340 6 ridging ridging NOUN geusb-8387 340 7 generally generally ADV geusb-8387 340 8 persists persist VERB geusb-8387 340 9 to to ADP geusb-8387 340 10 the the DET geusb-8387 340 11 end end NOUN geusb-8387 340 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 340 13 may may PROPN geusb-8387 340 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 341 1 weather weather PROPN geusb-8387 341 2 station station PROPN geusb-8387 341 3 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 341 4 suggest suggest VERB geusb-8387 341 5 that that SCONJ geusb-8387 341 6 optimal optimal ADJ geusb-8387 341 7 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 341 8 for for ADP geusb-8387 341 9 snowpack snowpack NOUN geusb-8387 341 10 firmness firmness NOUN geusb-8387 341 11 along along ADP geusb-8387 341 12 the the DET geusb-8387 341 13 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 341 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 341 15 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 341 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 341 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 341 18 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 341 19 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 341 20 segments segment NOUN geusb-8387 341 21 occur occur VERB geusb-8387 341 22 from from ADP geusb-8387 341 23 mid mid NOUN geusb-8387 341 24 - - PROPN geusb-8387 341 25 april april PROPN geusb-8387 341 26 to to ADP geusb-8387 341 27 mid mid PROPN geusb-8387 341 28 - - PROPN geusb-8387 341 29 may may NOUN geusb-8387 341 30 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 342 1 on on ADP geusb-8387 342 2 the the DET geusb-8387 342 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 342 4 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 342 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 342 6 during during ADP geusb-8387 342 7 this this DET geusb-8387 342 8 period period NOUN geusb-8387 342 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 342 10 there there PRON geusb-8387 342 11 is be VERB geusb-8387 342 12 both both CCONJ geusb-8387 342 13 a a DET geusb-8387 342 14 low low ADJ geusb-8387 342 15 potential potential NOUN geusb-8387 342 16 for for ADP geusb-8387 342 17 extreme extreme ADJ geusb-8387 342 18 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 342 19 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 342 20 as as ADV geusb-8387 342 21 well well ADV geusb-8387 342 22 as as ADP geusb-8387 342 23 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 342 24 melting melting NOUN geusb-8387 342 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 343 1 annual annual ADJ geusb-8387 343 2 vetting vetting NOUN geusb-8387 343 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 343 4 the the DET geusb-8387 343 5 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 343 6 route route NOUN geusb-8387 343 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 343 8 including include VERB geusb-8387 343 9 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 343 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 343 11 penetrating penetrate VERB geusb-8387 343 12 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 343 13 surveys survey NOUN geusb-8387 343 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 343 15 shallow shallow ADJ geusb-8387 343 16 coring core VERB geusb-8387 343 17 on on ADP geusb-8387 343 18 the the DET geusb-8387 343 19 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 343 20 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 343 21 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 343 22 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 343 23 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 343 24 manual manual ADJ geusb-8387 343 25 inspection inspection NOUN geusb-8387 343 26 of of ADP geusb-8387 343 27 remotely remotely ADV geusb-8387 343 28 sensed sense VERB geusb-8387 343 29 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 343 30 for for ADP geusb-8387 343 31 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 343 32 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 343 33 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 343 34 on on ADP geusb-8387 343 35 the the DET geusb-8387 343 36 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 343 37 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 343 38 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 343 39 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 343 40 is be AUX geusb-8387 343 41 required require VERB geusb-8387 343 42 for for ADP geusb-8387 343 43 operational operational ADJ geusb-8387 343 44 safety safety NOUN geusb-8387 343 45 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 344 1 these these DET geusb-8387 344 2 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 344 3 issues issue NOUN geusb-8387 344 4 could could AUX geusb-8387 344 5 result result VERB geusb-8387 344 6 in in ADP geusb-8387 344 7 minor minor ADJ geusb-8387 344 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 344 9 deviations deviation NOUN geusb-8387 344 10 to to PART geusb-8387 344 11 bypass bypass VERB geusb-8387 344 12 transient transient ADJ geusb-8387 344 13 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 344 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 345 1 accessing access VERB geusb-8387 345 2 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 345 3 land land NOUN geusb-8387 345 4 via via ADP geusb-8387 345 5 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 345 6 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 345 7 can can AUX geusb-8387 345 8 consume consume VERB geusb-8387 345 9 90 90 NUM geusb-8387 345 10 % % NOUN geusb-8387 345 11 less less ADJ geusb-8387 345 12 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 345 13 than than ADP geusb-8387 345 14 accessing access VERB geusb-8387 345 15 the the DET geusb-8387 345 16 site site NOUN geusb-8387 345 17 through through ADP geusb-8387 345 18 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 345 19 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 345 20 supported support VERB geusb-8387 345 21 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 345 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 346 1 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 346 2 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 346 3 also also ADV geusb-8387 346 4 allow allow VERB geusb-8387 346 5 for for ADP geusb-8387 346 6 the the DET geusb-8387 346 7 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 346 8 use use NOUN geusb-8387 346 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 346 10 alternative alternative ADJ geusb-8387 346 11 fuels fuel NOUN geusb-8387 346 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 346 13 which which PRON geusb-8387 346 14 may may AUX geusb-8387 346 15 further far ADV geusb-8387 346 16 increase increase VERB geusb-8387 346 17 sustainability sustainability NOUN geusb-8387 346 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 347 1 by by ADP geusb-8387 347 2 assessing assess VERB geusb-8387 347 3 logistical logistical ADJ geusb-8387 347 4 challenges challenge NOUN geusb-8387 347 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 347 6 this this DET geusb-8387 347 7 study study NOUN geusb-8387 347 8 demonstrates demonstrate VERB geusb-8387 347 9 a a DET geusb-8387 347 10 feasible feasible ADJ geusb-8387 347 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 347 12 safe safe ADJ geusb-8387 347 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 347 14 low low ADJ geusb-8387 347 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 347 16 impact impact NOUN geusb-8387 347 17 method method NOUN geusb-8387 347 18 to to PART geusb-8387 347 19 access access VERB geusb-8387 347 20 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 347 21 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 347 22 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 347 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 347 24 outcrop outcrop NOUN geusb-8387 347 25 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 347 26 other other ADJ geusb-8387 347 27 secondary secondary ADJ geusb-8387 347 28 science science NOUN geusb-8387 347 29 sites site NOUN geusb-8387 347 30 within within ADP geusb-8387 347 31 the the DET geusb-8387 347 32 region region NOUN geusb-8387 347 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 348 1 acknowledgements acknowledgement NOUN geusb-8387 348 2 this this DET geusb-8387 348 3 report report NOUN geusb-8387 348 4 is be AUX geusb-8387 348 5 a a DET geusb-8387 348 6 contribution contribution NOUN geusb-8387 348 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 348 8 the the DET geusb-8387 348 9 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 348 10 science science NOUN geusb-8387 348 11 planning planning NOUN geusb-8387 348 12 group group NOUN geusb-8387 348 13 organised organise VERB geusb-8387 348 14 by by ADP geusb-8387 348 15 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 348 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 349 1 the the DET geusb-8387 349 2 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 349 3 science science NOUN geusb-8387 349 4 planning planning NOUN geusb-8387 349 5 group group NOUN geusb-8387 349 6 can can AUX geusb-8387 349 7 be be AUX geusb-8387 349 8 reached reach VERB geusb-8387 349 9 at at ADP geusb-8387 349 10 traverse@geus.dk traverse@geus.dk PROPN geusb-8387 349 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 350 1 this this DET geusb-8387 350 2 work work NOUN geusb-8387 350 3 supports support VERB geusb-8387 350 4 the the DET geusb-8387 350 5 fieldwork fieldwork NOUN geusb-8387 350 6 activities activity NOUN geusb-8387 350 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 350 8 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 350 9 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 350 10 network network NOUN geusb-8387 350 11 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 350 12 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 350 13 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 350 14 net net NOUN geusb-8387 350 15 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 350 16 funded fund VERB geusb-8387 350 17 by by ADP geusb-8387 350 18 the the DET geusb-8387 350 19 danish danish PROPN geusb-8387 350 20 ministry ministry PROPN geusb-8387 350 21 of of ADP geusb-8387 350 22 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 350 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 350 24 energy energy NOUN geusb-8387 350 25 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 350 26 utilities utility NOUN geusb-8387 350 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 351 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 351 2 thank thank VERB geusb-8387 351 3 erich erich PROPN geusb-8387 351 4 osterberg osterberg PROPN geusb-8387 351 5 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 351 6 dartmouth dartmouth PROPN geusb-8387 351 7 college college PROPN geusb-8387 351 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 351 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 351 10 andreas andreas PROPN geusb-8387 351 11 rønne rønne PROPN geusb-8387 351 12 stokholm stokholm PROPN geusb-8387 351 13 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 351 14 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 351 15 university university PROPN geusb-8387 351 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 351 17 denmark denmark PROPN geusb-8387 351 18 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 351 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 351 20 beata beata VERB geusb-8387 351 21 csatho csatho PROPN geusb-8387 351 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 351 23 state state PROPN geusb-8387 351 24 university university PROPN geusb-8387 351 25 of of ADP geusb-8387 351 26 new new PROPN geusb-8387 351 27 york york PROPN geusb-8387 351 28 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 351 29 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 351 30 h. h. PROPN geusb-8387 351 31 jay jay PROPN geusb-8387 351 32 zwally zwally ADV geusb-8387 351 33 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 351 34 retired retire VERB geusb-8387 351 35 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 351 36 for for ADP geusb-8387 351 37 sharing share VERB geusb-8387 351 38 knowledge knowledge NOUN geusb-8387 351 39 of of ADP geusb-8387 351 40 some some DET geusb-8387 351 41 previous previous ADJ geusb-8387 351 42 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 351 43 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 351 44 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 351 45 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 351 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 352 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 352 2 thank thank VERB geusb-8387 352 3 henrik henrik PROPN geusb-8387 352 4 p.ø p.ø PROPN geusb-8387 352 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 352 6 lassen lassen PROPN geusb-8387 352 7 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 352 8 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 352 9 capacity capacity NOUN geusb-8387 352 10 / / SYM geusb-8387 352 11 sherp sherp NOUN geusb-8387 352 12 denmark denmark NOUN geusb-8387 352 13 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 352 14 for for ADP geusb-8387 352 15 providing provide VERB geusb-8387 352 16 information information NOUN geusb-8387 352 17 about about ADP geusb-8387 352 18 the the DET geusb-8387 352 19 sherp sherp NOUN geusb-8387 352 20 1200n 1200n NUM geusb-8387 352 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 353 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 353 2 thank thank VERB geusb-8387 353 3 sune sune PROPN geusb-8387 353 4 tamm tamm PROPN geusb-8387 353 5 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 353 6 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 353 7 trucks truck NOUN geusb-8387 353 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 353 9 for for ADP geusb-8387 353 10 providing provide VERB geusb-8387 353 11 information information NOUN geusb-8387 353 12 about about ADP geusb-8387 353 13 the the DET geusb-8387 353 14 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 353 15 truck truck NOUN geusb-8387 353 16 6×6 6×6 NUM geusb-8387 353 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 354 1 we we PRON geusb-8387 354 2 thank thank VERB geusb-8387 354 3 the the DET geusb-8387 354 4 three three NUM geusb-8387 354 5 reviewers reviewer NOUN geusb-8387 354 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 354 7 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 354 8 editor editor NOUN geusb-8387 354 9 harold harold PROPN geusb-8387 354 10 lovell lovell PROPN geusb-8387 354 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 354 12 editor editor NOUN geusb-8387 354 13 in in ADP geusb-8387 354 14 chief chief PROPN geusb-8387 354 15 catherine catherine PROPN geusb-8387 354 16 jex jex PROPN geusb-8387 354 17 for for ADP geusb-8387 354 18 their their PRON geusb-8387 354 19 detailed detailed ADJ geusb-8387 354 20 comments comment NOUN geusb-8387 354 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 354 22 which which PRON geusb-8387 354 23 substantially substantially ADV geusb-8387 354 24 improved improve VERB geusb-8387 354 25 the the DET geusb-8387 354 26 paper paper NOUN geusb-8387 354 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 355 1 table table NOUN geusb-8387 355 2 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 355 3     SPACE geusb-8387 355 4 observed observe VERB geusb-8387 355 5 mileage mileage NOUN geusb-8387 355 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 355 7 payloads payload NOUN geusb-8387 355 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 355 9 with with ADP geusb-8387 355 10 calculated calculate VERB geusb-8387 355 11 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 355 12 efficiencies efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 355 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 355 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 355 15 differing differ VERB geusb-8387 355 16 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 355 17 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 355 18 under under ADP geusb-8387 355 19 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 355 20 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 355 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 356 1 the the DET geusb-8387 356 2 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 356 3 efficiency efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 356 4 units unit NOUN geusb-8387 356 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 356 6 l l NOUN geusb-8387 356 7 / / SYM geusb-8387 356 8 km km PROPN geusb-8387 356 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 356 10 t t PROPN geusb-8387 356 11 can can AUX geusb-8387 356 12 be be AUX geusb-8387 356 13 interpreted interpret VERB geusb-8387 356 14 as as ADP geusb-8387 356 15 the the DET geusb-8387 356 16 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 356 17 required require VERB geusb-8387 356 18 to to PART geusb-8387 356 19 move move VERB geusb-8387 356 20 a a DET geusb-8387 356 21 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 356 22 of of ADP geusb-8387 356 23 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 356 24 tonne tonne NOUN geusb-8387 356 25 over over ADP geusb-8387 356 26 a a DET geusb-8387 356 27 distance distance NOUN geusb-8387 356 28 of of ADP geusb-8387 356 29 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 356 30 km km NOUN geusb-8387 356 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 357 1 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 357 2 are be AUX geusb-8387 357 3 shown show VERB geusb-8387 357 4 in in ADP geusb-8387 357 5 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 357 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 358 1 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 358 2 . . X geusb-8387 358 3 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 358 4 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 358 5 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 358 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 358 7 mileage mileage NOUN geusb-8387 358 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 358 9 l l NOUN geusb-8387 358 10 / / SYM geusb-8387 358 11 km km NOUN geusb-8387 358 12 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 358 13 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 358 14 * * PUNCT geusb-8387 358 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 358 16 kg kg NOUN geusb-8387 358 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 358 18 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 358 19 efficiency efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 358 20 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 358 21 l l NOUN geusb-8387 358 22 / / SYM geusb-8387 358 23 km km PROPN geusb-8387 358 24 / / SYM geusb-8387 358 25 t t PROPN geusb-8387 358 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 358 27 source source NOUN geusb-8387 358 28 pisten pisten VERB geusb-8387 358 29 bully bully NOUN geusb-8387 358 30 300 300 NUM geusb-8387 358 31 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 358 32 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 358 33 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 358 34 0.80 0.80 NUM geusb-8387 358 35 34 34 NUM geusb-8387 358 36     SPACE geusb-8387 358 37 090 090 PROPN geusb-8387 358 38 0.023 0.023 NUM geusb-8387 358 39 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 358 40 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 358 41 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 358 42 per per ADP geusb-8387 358 43 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 358 44 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 358 45 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 359 1 arctic arctic PROPN geusb-8387 359 2 trucks truck NOUN geusb-8387 359 3 ford ford VERB geusb-8387 359 4 6×6 6×6 NUM geusb-8387 359 5 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 359 6 jet jet NOUN geusb-8387 359 7 a1 a1 NOUN geusb-8387 359 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 359 9 0.55 0.55 NUM geusb-8387 359 10 6100 6100 NUM geusb-8387 359 11 0.090 0.090 NUM geusb-8387 359 12 sune sune PROPN geusb-8387 359 13 tamm tamm PROPN geusb-8387 359 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 359 15 per per ADP geusb-8387 359 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 360 1 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 360 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 361 1 tucker tucker PROPN geusb-8387 361 2 snocat snocat PROPN geusb-8387 361 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 361 4 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 361 5 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 361 6 2.24 2.24 NUM geusb-8387 361 7 9070 9070 NUM geusb-8387 361 8 0.25 0.25 NUM geusb-8387 361 9 lever lever NOUN geusb-8387 361 10 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 361 11 weale weale PROPN geusb-8387 361 12 2011 2011 NUM geusb-8387 361 13 tucker tucker PROPN geusb-8387 361 14 snocat snocat NOUN geusb-8387 361 15 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 361 16 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 361 17 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 361 18 1.88 1.88 NUM geusb-8387 361 19 7270 7270 NUM geusb-8387 361 20 0.26 0.26 NUM geusb-8387 361 21 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 361 22 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 361 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 361 24 per per ADP geusb-8387 361 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 361 26 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 361 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 362 1 pisten pisten PROPN geusb-8387 362 2 bully bully PROPN geusb-8387 362 3 100 100 NUM geusb-8387 362 4 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 362 5 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 362 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 362 7 1.88 1.88 NUM geusb-8387 362 8 6820 6820 NUM geusb-8387 362 9 0.28 0.28 NUM geusb-8387 362 10 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 362 11 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 362 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 362 13 per per ADP geusb-8387 362 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 362 15 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 362 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 363 1 arctic arctic PROPN geusb-8387 363 2 truck truck PROPN geusb-8387 363 3 toyota toyota PROPN geusb-8387 363 4 6×6 6×6 NUM geusb-8387 363 5 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 363 6 jet jet NOUN geusb-8387 363 7 a1 a1 NOUN geusb-8387 363 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 363 9 0.62 0.62 NUM geusb-8387 363 10 2200 2200 NUM geusb-8387 363 11 0.28 0.28 NUM geusb-8387 363 12 sune sune PROPN geusb-8387 363 13 tamm tamm PROPN geusb-8387 363 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 363 15 per per ADP geusb-8387 363 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 363 17 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 363 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 364 1 sherp sherp PROPN geusb-8387 364 2 n1200 n1200 PROPN geusb-8387 364 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 364 4 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 364 5 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 364 6 0.40 0.40 NUM geusb-8387 364 7 1250 1250 NUM geusb-8387 364 8 0.32 0.32 NUM geusb-8387 364 9 henrik henrik PROPN geusb-8387 364 10 lassen lassen PROPN geusb-8387 364 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 364 12 per per ADP geusb-8387 364 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 364 14 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 364 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 365 1 arctic arctic PROPN geusb-8387 365 2 truck truck PROPN geusb-8387 365 3 toyota toyota PROPN geusb-8387 365 4 6×6 6×6 NUM geusb-8387 365 5 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 365 6 diesel diesel NOUN geusb-8387 365 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 365 8 0.62 0.62 NUM geusb-8387 365 9 910 910 NUM geusb-8387 365 10 0.68 0.68 NUM geusb-8387 365 11 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 365 12 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 365 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 365 14 per per ADP geusb-8387 365 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 365 16 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 365 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 366 1 polaris polaris PROPN geusb-8387 366 2 550 550 NUM geusb-8387 366 3 snowmobile snowmobile NOUN geusb-8387 366 4 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 366 5 gasoline gasoline NOUN geusb-8387 366 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 366 7 0.40 0.40 NUM geusb-8387 366 8 550 550 NUM geusb-8387 366 9 0.72 0.72 NUM geusb-8387 366 10 patrick patrick PROPN geusb-8387 366 11 smith smith PROPN geusb-8387 366 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 366 13 per per ADP geusb-8387 366 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 366 15 comm comm NOUN geusb-8387 366 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 367 1 weasel weasel PROPN geusb-8387 367 2 m29c m29c PROPN geusb-8387 367 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 367 4 gasoline gasoline NOUN geusb-8387 367 5 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 367 6 1.27 1.27 NUM geusb-8387 367 7 1590 1590 NUM geusb-8387 367 8 0.80 0.80 NUM geusb-8387 367 9 benson benson PROPN geusb-8387 367 10 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 367 11 * * PUNCT geusb-8387 367 12 payload payload NOUN geusb-8387 367 13 refers refer VERB geusb-8387 367 14 to to ADP geusb-8387 367 15 the the DET geusb-8387 367 16 combined combine VERB geusb-8387 367 17 vehicle vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 367 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 367 19 sled sle VERB geusb-8387 367 20 loads load NOUN geusb-8387 367 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 367 22 including include VERB geusb-8387 367 23 passengers passenger NOUN geusb-8387 367 24 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 367 25 fuel fuel NOUN geusb-8387 367 26 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 368 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 368 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ PROPN geusb-8387 368 3 mailto:traverse@geus.dk mailto:traverse@geus.dk PROPN geusb-8387 368 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 368 5 et et PROPN geusb-8387 368 6 al al PROPN geusb-8387 368 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 368 8 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 368 9 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 368 10 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 368 11 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 368 12 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 368 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 368 14 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 368 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 369 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 369 2 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 369 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 369 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 369 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org ADJ geusb-8387 369 6 additional additional ADJ geusb-8387 369 7 information information NOUN geusb-8387 369 8 funding funding NOUN geusb-8387 369 9 this this DET geusb-8387 369 10 work work NOUN geusb-8387 369 11 was be AUX geusb-8387 369 12 supported support VERB geusb-8387 369 13 by by ADP geusb-8387 369 14 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 369 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 369 16 net net NOUN geusb-8387 369 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 370 1 author author NOUN geusb-8387 370 2 contributions contribution NOUN geusb-8387 370 3 conceptualisation conceptualisation NOUN geusb-8387 370 4 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 370 5 w.c w.c PROPN geusb-8387 370 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 8 n.b.k n.b.k PROPN geusb-8387 370 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 11 r.s.f r.s.f PROPN geusb-8387 370 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 370 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 370 14 c.s c.s PROPN geusb-8387 370 15 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 16 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 370 17 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 370 18 d.f d.f PROPN geusb-8387 370 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 21 g.l g.l PROPN geusb-8387 370 22 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 24 a.l a.l PROPN geusb-8387 370 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 27 e.b.n e.b.n PROPN geusb-8387 370 28 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 30 p.h p.h PROPN geusb-8387 370 31 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 32 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 33 a.r a.r PROPN geusb-8387 370 34 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 35 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 36 a.s a.s PROPN geusb-8387 370 37 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 38 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 39 r.s.f r.s.f PROPN geusb-8387 370 40 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 41 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 370 42 k.k.k k.k.k PROPN geusb-8387 370 43 . . PROPN geusb-8387 370 44 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 371 1 j.a.m j.a.m PROPN geusb-8387 371 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 372 1 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 372 2 p.s p.s PROPN geusb-8387 372 3 . . PROPN geusb-8387 372 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 372 5 curation curation NOUN geusb-8387 372 6 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 372 7 p.s p.s PROPN geusb-8387 372 8 . . PROPN geusb-8387 372 9 investigation investigation NOUN geusb-8387 372 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 373 1 all all DET geusb-8387 373 2 authors author NOUN geusb-8387 373 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 374 1 visualisation visualisation NOUN geusb-8387 374 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 374 3 w.c w.c PROPN geusb-8387 374 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 6 d.f d.f PROPN geusb-8387 374 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 9 g.l g.l PROPN geusb-8387 374 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 12 a.l a.l PROPN geusb-8387 374 13 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 15 p.h p.h PROPN geusb-8387 374 16 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 18 a.r a.r PROPN geusb-8387 374 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 21 a.s a.s PROPN geusb-8387 374 22 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 24 k.k.k k.k.k PROPN geusb-8387 374 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 374 27 j.m j.m PROPN geusb-8387 374 28 . . PROPN geusb-8387 374 29 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 374 30 r.s.f r.s.f ADJ geusb-8387 374 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 375 1 writing writing NOUN geusb-8387 375 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 375 3 w.c w.c AUX geusb-8387 375 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 6 n.b.k n.b.k PROPN geusb-8387 375 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 9 d.f d.f PROPN geusb-8387 375 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 12 g.l g.l PROPN geusb-8387 375 13 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 15 a.l a.l PROPN geusb-8387 375 16 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 18 p.h p.h PROPN geusb-8387 375 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 21 a.r a.r PROPN geusb-8387 375 22 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 24 a.s a.s PROPN geusb-8387 375 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 27 j.a.m j.a.m PROPN geusb-8387 375 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 375 29 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 375 30 k.k.k k.k.k PROPN geusb-8387 375 31 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 32 administration administration NOUN geusb-8387 375 33 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 375 34 a.p.a a.p.a PROPN geusb-8387 375 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 375 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 375 37 w.c w.c PROPN geusb-8387 375 38 . . PROPN geusb-8387 375 39 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 375 40 n.b.k n.b.k INTJ geusb-8387 375 41 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 376 1 competing compete VERB geusb-8387 376 2 interests interest NOUN geusb-8387 376 3 henrik henrik PROPN geusb-8387 376 4 lassen lassen PROPN geusb-8387 376 5 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 376 6 sune sune PROPN geusb-8387 376 7 tamm tamm PROPN geusb-8387 376 8 supply supply PROPN geusb-8387 376 9 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 376 10 on on ADP geusb-8387 376 11 their their PRON geusb-8387 376 12 own own ADJ geusb-8387 376 13 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 376 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 377 1 additional additional ADJ geusb-8387 377 2 files file NOUN geusb-8387 377 3 a a DET geusb-8387 377 4 shapefile shapefile NOUN geusb-8387 377 5 of of ADP geusb-8387 377 6 the the DET geusb-8387 377 7 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 377 8 to to ADP geusb-8387 377 9 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 377 10 land land NOUN geusb-8387 377 11 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 377 12 route route NOUN geusb-8387 377 13 described describe VERB geusb-8387 377 14 here here ADV geusb-8387 377 15 is be AUX geusb-8387 377 16 available available ADJ geusb-8387 377 17 in in ADP geusb-8387 377 18 the the DET geusb-8387 377 19 online online ADJ geusb-8387 377 20 supplementary supplementary ADJ geusb-8387 377 21 mate mate NOUN geusb-8387 377 22 rial rial NOUN geusb-8387 377 23 associated associate VERB geusb-8387 377 24 with with ADP geusb-8387 377 25 this this DET geusb-8387 377 26 report report NOUN geusb-8387 377 27 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 377 28 supplementary supplementary ADJ geusb-8387 377 29 file file NOUN geusb-8387 377 30 s1 s1 NOUN geusb-8387 377 31 ; ; PUNCT geusb-8387 377 32 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 377 33 et et PROPN geusb-8387 377 34 al al PROPN geusb-8387 377 35 . . PROPN geusb-8387 377 36 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 377 37 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 377 38 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 378 1 https:// https:// PROPN geusb-8387 378 2 doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 PROPN geusb-8387 378 3 references reference NOUN geusb-8387 378 4 barrette barrette NOUN geusb-8387 378 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 378 6 p.d p.d PROPN geusb-8387 378 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 378 8 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 378 9 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 378 10 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 378 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 378 12 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 378 13 roads road NOUN geusb-8387 378 14 in in ADP geusb-8387 378 15 canada canada PROPN geusb-8387 378 16 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 378 17 design design NOUN geusb-8387 378 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 378 19 usage usage NOUN geusb-8387 378 20 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 378 21 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 378 22 change change NOUN geusb-8387 378 23 adaptation adaptation NOUN geusb-8387 378 24 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 379 1 ottawa ottawa PROPN geusb-8387 379 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 379 3 national national PROPN geusb-8387 379 4 research research PROPN geusb-8387 379 5 council council PROPN geusb-8387 379 6 canada canada PROPN geusb-8387 379 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 380 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 380 2 report report PROPN geusb-8387 380 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 381 1 ocre ocre NOUN geusb-8387 381 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 381 3 tr-2015 tr-2015 NOUN geusb-8387 381 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 381 5 011 011 NUM geusb-8387 381 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 382 1 https://doi https://doi PROPN geusb-8387 382 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 382 3 org/10.4224/40000400 org/10.4224/40000400 PROPN geusb-8387 382 4 benson benson PROPN geusb-8387 382 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 382 6 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 382 7 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 382 8 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 382 9 operations operation NOUN geusb-8387 382 10 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 382 11 logistics logistic NOUN geusb-8387 382 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 382 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 382 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 382 15 cap cap NOUN geusb-8387 382 16 party party NOUN geusb-8387 382 17 crystal crystal NOUN geusb-8387 382 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 382 19 1954 1954 NUM geusb-8387 382 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 383 1 wilmette wilmette PROPN geusb-8387 383 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 383 3 illinois illinois PROPN geusb-8387 383 4 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 383 5 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 383 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 383 7 army army PROPN geusb-8387 383 8 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 383 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 383 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 383 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 383 12 permafrost permafrost NOUN geusb-8387 383 13 establishment establishment NOUN geusb-8387 383 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 384 1 report report NOUN geusb-8387 384 2 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 384 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 385 1 benson benson PROPN geusb-8387 385 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 385 3 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 385 4 1962 1962 NUM geusb-8387 385 5 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 385 6 stratigraphic stratigraphic ADJ geusb-8387 385 7 studies study NOUN geusb-8387 385 8 in in ADP geusb-8387 385 9 the the DET geusb-8387 385 10 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 385 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 385 12 firn firn NOUN geusb-8387 385 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 385 14 the the DET geusb-8387 385 15 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 385 16 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 385 17 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 385 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 386 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 386 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 386 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 386 4 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 386 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 386 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 386 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 386 8 permafrost permafrost NOUN geusb-8387 386 9 establishment establishment NOUN geusb-8387 386 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 387 1 research research NOUN geusb-8387 387 2 report report NOUN geusb-8387 387 3 70 70 NUM geusb-8387 387 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 388 1 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ada337542 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ada337542 PROPN geusb-8387 388 2 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 388 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 4 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 388 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 6 pedersen pedersen PROPN geusb-8387 388 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 8 a. a. NOUN geusb-8387 388 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 10 binder binder NOUN geusb-8387 388 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 12 d. d. PROPN geusb-8387 388 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 14 machguth machguth PROPN geusb-8387 388 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 16 h. h. PROPN geusb-8387 388 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 18 abermann abermann PROPN geusb-8387 388 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 20 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 388 21 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 388 22 jayred jayred PROPN geusb-8387 388 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 388 24 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 388 25 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 388 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 388 27 initial initial ADJ geusb-8387 388 28 field field NOUN geusb-8387 388 29 activities activity NOUN geusb-8387 388 30 of of ADP geusb-8387 388 31 the the DET geusb-8387 388 32 camp camp NOUN geusb-8387 388 33 century century NOUN geusb-8387 388 34 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 388 35 monitoring monitor VERB geusb-8387 388 36 programme programme NOUN geusb-8387 388 37 in in ADP geusb-8387 388 38 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 388 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 389 1 geus geus PROPN geusb-8387 389 2 bulletin bulletin PROPN geusb-8387 389 3 41 41 NUM geusb-8387 389 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 389 5 75–78 75–78 NUM geusb-8387 389 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 390 1 https://doi https://doi PROPN geusb-8387 390 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 390 3 org/10.34194 org/10.34194 PROPN geusb-8387 390 4 / / SYM geusb-8387 390 5 geusb.v41.4347 geusb.v41.4347 PROPN geusb-8387 390 6 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 390 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 390 8 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 390 9 et et PROPN geusb-8387 390 10     SPACE geusb-8387 390 11 al al PROPN geusb-8387 390 12 . . PROPN geusb-8387 390 13 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 390 14 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 390 15 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 390 16 geothermal geothermal ADJ geusb-8387 390 17 heat heat NOUN geusb-8387 390 18 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 390 19 database database NOUN geusb-8387 390 20 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 390 21 map map NOUN geusb-8387 390 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 390 23 version version NOUN geusb-8387 390 24 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 390 25 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 390 26 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 391 1 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 391 2 systems system NOUN geusb-8387 391 3 science science PROPN geusb-8387 391 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 391 5 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 391 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 391 7 2209–2238 2209–2238 NUM geusb-8387 391 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 392 1 https:// https:// PROPN geusb-8387 392 2 doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022 doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022 PROPN geusb-8387 392 3 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 392 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 392 5 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 392 6 et et PROPN geusb-8387 392 7     SPACE geusb-8387 392 8 al al PROPN geusb-8387 392 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 392 10 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 392 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 392 12 supplementary supplementary ADJ geusb-8387 392 13 files file NOUN geusb-8387 392 14 for for ADP geusb-8387 392 15 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 392 16 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 392 17 route route NOUN geusb-8387 392 18 from from ADP geusb-8387 392 19 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 392 20 to to ADP geusb-8387 392 21 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 392 22 land land NOUN geusb-8387 392 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 392 24 north north NOUN geusb-8387 392 25 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 392 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 392 27 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 392 28 dataverse dataverse NOUN geusb-8387 392 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 392 30 v1 v1 NOUN geusb-8387 392 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 392 32 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 NOUN geusb-8387 393 1 davis davis PROPN geusb-8387 393 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 393 3 r. r. PROPN geusb-8387 393 4 1967 1967 NUM geusb-8387 393 5 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 393 6 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 393 7 roads road NOUN geusb-8387 393 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 393 9 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 393 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 393 11 1960–1964 1960–1964 NUM geusb-8387 393 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 394 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 394 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 394 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 394 4 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 394 5 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 394 6 research research NOUN geusb-8387 394 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 394 8 engineering engineering NOUN geusb-8387 394 9 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 394 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 395 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 395 2 report report NOUN geusb-8387 395 3 133 133 NUM geusb-8387 395 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 396 1 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0657261 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0657261 X geusb-8387 396 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 396 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 396 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 396 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 396 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 396 7 dawes dawe NOUN geusb-8387 396 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 396 9 p.r p.r PROPN geusb-8387 396 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 396 11 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 396 12 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 396 13 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 396 14 relics relic NOUN geusb-8387 396 15 from from ADP geusb-8387 396 16 high high ADJ geusb-8387 396 17 arctic arctic PROPN geusb-8387 396 18 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 396 19 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 396 20 eight eight NUM geusb-8387 396 21 decades decade NOUN geusb-8387 396 22 of of ADP geusb-8387 396 23 exploration exploration NOUN geusb-8387 396 24 history history NOUN geusb-8387 396 25 told tell VERB geusb-8387 396 26 through through ADP geusb-8387 396 27 102 102 NUM geusb-8387 396 28 objects object NOUN geusb-8387 396 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 397 1 copenhagen copenhagen PROPN geusb-8387 397 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 397 3 museum museum PROPN geusb-8387 397 4 tusculanum tusculanum PROPN geusb-8387 397 5 press press PROPN geusb-8387 397 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 398 1 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 398 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 398 3 danish danish PROPN geusb-8387 398 4 meteorological meteorological PROPN geusb-8387 398 5 institute institute PROPN geusb-8387 398 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 398 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 399 1 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 399 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 399 3 ocean ocean NOUN geusb-8387 399 4 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 399 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 399 6 services service NOUN geusb-8387 399 7 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 399 8 northwest northwest PROPN geusb-8387 399 9 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 399 10 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 399 11 charts charts PROPN geusb-8387 399 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 400 1 https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icecharts https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icechart NOUN geusb-8387 400 2 _ _ NUM geusb-8387 400 3 gl_northwest.uk.php gl_northwest.uk.php NOUN geusb-8387 400 4 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 400 5 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 400 6 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 400 7 october october NOUN geusb-8387 400 8 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 400 9 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 400 10 fausto fausto PROPN geusb-8387 400 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 400 12 r.s r.s PROPN geusb-8387 400 13 . . PROPN geusb-8387 400 14 et et PROPN geusb-8387 400 15     SPACE geusb-8387 400 16 al al PROPN geusb-8387 400 17 . . PROPN geusb-8387 400 18 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 400 19 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 400 20 programme programme NOUN geusb-8387 400 21 for for ADP geusb-8387 400 22 monitoring monitoring NOUN geusb-8387 400 23 of of ADP geusb-8387 400 24 the the DET geusb-8387 400 25 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 400 26 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 400 27 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 400 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 400 29 promice promice NOUN geusb-8387 400 30 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 400 31 automatic automatic ADJ geusb-8387 400 32 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 400 33 station station NOUN geusb-8387 400 34 data data PROPN geusb-8387 400 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 401 1 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 401 2 systems system NOUN geusb-8387 401 3 science science PROPN geusb-8387 401 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 401 5 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 401 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 401 7 3819–3845 3819–3845 NUM geusb-8387 401 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 402 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3819-2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3819-2021 PROPN geusb-8387 402 2 franke franke PROPN geusb-8387 402 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 402 4 s. s. PROPN geusb-8387 402 5 et et PROPN geusb-8387 402 6     SPACE geusb-8387 402 7 al al PROPN geusb-8387 402 8 . . PROPN geusb-8387 402 9 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 402 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 402 11 airborne airborne ADJ geusb-8387 402 12 ultra ultra ADJ geusb-8387 402 13 - - ADJ geusb-8387 402 14 wideband wideband ADJ geusb-8387 402 15 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 402 16 sounding sound VERB geusb-8387 402 17 over over ADP geusb-8387 402 18 the the DET geusb-8387 402 19 shear shear NOUN geusb-8387 402 20 margins margin NOUN geusb-8387 402 21 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 402 22 along along ADP geusb-8387 402 23 flow flow NOUN geusb-8387 402 24 lines line NOUN geusb-8387 402 25 at at ADP geusb-8387 402 26 the the DET geusb-8387 402 27 onset onset NOUN geusb-8387 402 28 region region NOUN geusb-8387 402 29 of of ADP geusb-8387 402 30 the the DET geusb-8387 402 31 northeast northeast PROPN geusb-8387 402 32 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 402 33 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 402 34 stream stream NOUN geusb-8387 402 35 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 403 1 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 403 2 systems system NOUN geusb-8387 403 3 science science PROPN geusb-8387 403 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 403 5 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 403 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 403 7 763–779 763–779 NUM geusb-8387 403 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 404 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-763-2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-763-2022 PROPN geusb-8387 404 2 gilbert gilbert PROPN geusb-8387 404 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 4 a. a. PROPN geusb-8387 404 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 6 flowers flower NOUN geusb-8387 404 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 8 g.e g.e PROPN geusb-8387 404 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 404 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 11 miller miller PROPN geusb-8387 404 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 13 g.h g.h PROPN geusb-8387 404 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 404 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 16 refsnider refsnider NUM geusb-8387 404 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 18 k.a k.a PROPN geusb-8387 404 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 404 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 21 young young PROPN geusb-8387 404 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 23 n.e n.e PROPN geusb-8387 404 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 404 25 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 404 26 radić radić PROPN geusb-8387 404 27 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 404 28 v. v. ADP geusb-8387 404 29 2017 2017 NUM geusb-8387 404 30 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 404 31 the the DET geusb-8387 404 32 projected project VERB geusb-8387 404 33 demise demise NOUN geusb-8387 404 34 of of ADP geusb-8387 404 35 barnes barnes PROPN geusb-8387 404 36 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 404 37 cap cap PROPN geusb-8387 404 38 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 404 39 evidence evidence NOUN geusb-8387 404 40 of of ADP geusb-8387 404 41 an an DET geusb-8387 404 42 unusually unusually ADV geusb-8387 404 43 warm warm ADJ geusb-8387 404 44 21st 21st ADJ geusb-8387 404 45 century century NOUN geusb-8387 404 46 arctic arctic NOUN geusb-8387 404 47 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 405 1 geophysical geophysical ADJ geusb-8387 405 2 research research NOUN geusb-8387 405 3 letters letter NOUN geusb-8387 405 4 44 44 NUM geusb-8387 405 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 405 6 2810–2816 2810–2816 NUM geusb-8387 405 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 406 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl072394 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl072394 X geusb-8387 407 1 gnwt gnwt PROPN geusb-8387 407 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 407 3 government government NOUN geusb-8387 407 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 407 5 the the DET geusb-8387 407 6 northwest northwest ADJ geusb-8387 407 7 territories territory NOUN geusb-8387 407 8 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 407 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 408 1 2015 2015 NUM geusb-8387 408 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 408 3 guidelines guideline NOUN geusb-8387 408 4 for for ADP geusb-8387 408 5 safe safe ADJ geusb-8387 408 6 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 408 7 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 408 8 construction construction NOUN geusb-8387 408 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 409 1 department department NOUN geusb-8387 409 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 409 3 transportation transportation NOUN geusb-8387 409 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 409 5 government government NOUN geusb-8387 409 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 409 7 the the DET geusb-8387 409 8 northwest northwest ADJ geusb-8387 409 9 territories territory NOUN geusb-8387 409 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 410 1 https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/ https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/ PROPN geusb-8387 410 2 inf inf PROPN geusb-8387 410 3 / / SYM geusb-8387 410 4 files file NOUN geusb-8387 410 5 / / SYM geusb-8387 410 6 resources/0016 resources/0016 PROPN geusb-8387 410 7 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 410 8 001_norex_ice_road_constr._web.pdf 001_norex_ice_road_constr._web.pdf PROPN geusb-8387 410 9 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 410 10 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 410 11 august august PROPN geusb-8387 410 12 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 410 13 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 410 14 hambrey hambrey NOUN geusb-8387 410 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 410 16 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 410 17 1976 1976 NUM geusb-8387 410 18 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 410 19 structure structure NOUN geusb-8387 410 20 of of ADP geusb-8387 410 21 the the DET geusb-8387 410 22 glacier glacier PROPN geusb-8387 410 23 charles charles PROPN geusb-8387 410 24 rabots rabots PROPN geusb-8387 410 25 bre bre PROPN geusb-8387 410 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 410 27 norway norway PROPN geusb-8387 410 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 411 1 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 411 2 society society NOUN geusb-8387 411 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 411 4 america america PROPN geusb-8387 411 5 bulletin bulletin PROPN geusb-8387 411 6 87 87 NUM geusb-8387 411 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 411 8 1629–1637 1629–1637 NUM geusb-8387 411 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 411 10 https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/ VERB geusb-8387 411 11 10.1130/0016 10.1130/0016 NUM geusb-8387 411 12 - - SYM geusb-8387 411 13 7606(1976)87<1629 7606(1976)87<1629 NUM geusb-8387 411 14 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 411 15 sotgcr>2.0.co;2 sotgcr>2.0.co;2 NOUN geusb-8387 411 16 hambrey hambrey NOUN geusb-8387 411 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 411 18 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 411 19 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 411 20 lawson lawson PROPN geusb-8387 411 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 411 22 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 411 23 2000 2000 NUM geusb-8387 411 24 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 411 25 structural structural ADJ geusb-8387 411 26 styles style NOUN geusb-8387 411 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 411 28 deformation deformation NOUN geusb-8387 411 29 in in ADP geusb-8387 411 30 glaciers glacier NOUN geusb-8387 411 31 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 411 32 a a DET geusb-8387 411 33 review review NOUN geusb-8387 411 34 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 412 1 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 412 2 society society NOUN geusb-8387 412 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 412 4 london london PROPN geusb-8387 412 5 special special ADJ geusb-8387 412 6 publication publication NOUN geusb-8387 412 7 176 176 NUM geusb-8387 412 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 412 9 59–83 59–83 NUM geusb-8387 412 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 412 11 https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2000.176.01.06 https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2000.176.01.06 PROPN geusb-8387 412 12 hambrey hambrey PROPN geusb-8387 412 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 412 14 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 412 15 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 412 16 müller müller PROPN geusb-8387 412 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 412 18 f. f. PROPN geusb-8387 412 19 1978 1978 NUM geusb-8387 412 20 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 412 21 structures structure NOUN geusb-8387 412 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 412 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 412 24 deformation deformation NOUN geusb-8387 412 25 in in ADP geusb-8387 412 26 the the DET geusb-8387 412 27 white white PROPN geusb-8387 412 28 glacier glacier NOUN geusb-8387 412 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 412 30 axel axel PROPN geusb-8387 412 31 heiberg heiberg PROPN geusb-8387 412 32 island island PROPN geusb-8387 412 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 412 34 northwest northwest NOUN geusb-8387 412 35 territories territory NOUN geusb-8387 412 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 412 37 canada canada PROPN geusb-8387 412 38 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 413 1 journal journal PROPN geusb-8387 413 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 413 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 413 4 20 20 NUM geusb-8387 413 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 413 6 41–66 41–66 NOUN geusb-8387 413 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 414 1 https://doi.org/10.3189/s00221430 https://doi.org/10.3189/s00221430 PROPN geusb-8387 414 2 00021213 00021213 NUM geusb-8387 414 3 hamilton hamilton PROPN geusb-8387 414 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 5 r.a r.a PROPN geusb-8387 414 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 414 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 8 brooke brooke PROPN geusb-8387 414 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 10 f.r f.r PROPN geusb-8387 414 11 . . PROPN geusb-8387 414 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 13 peacock peacock NOUN geusb-8387 414 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 15 j.d j.d PROPN geusb-8387 414 16 . . PROPN geusb-8387 414 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 18 arnold arnold PROPN geusb-8387 414 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 20 k. k. PROPN geusb-8387 414 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 22 bowater bowater PROPN geusb-8387 414 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 24 s. s. PROPN geusb-8387 414 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 26 bull bull NOUN geusb-8387 414 27 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 28 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 414 29 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 414 30 lister lister PROPN geusb-8387 414 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 414 32 h. h. PROPN geusb-8387 414 33 1956 1956 NUM geusb-8387 414 34 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 414 35 british british PROPN geusb-8387 414 36 north north PROPN geusb-8387 414 37 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 414 38 expedition expedition PROPN geusb-8387 414 39 1952–4 1952–4 NUM geusb-8387 414 40 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 414 41 scientific scientific ADJ geusb-8387 414 42 results result NOUN geusb-8387 414 43 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 415 1 the the DET geusb-8387 415 2 geographical geographical ADJ geusb-8387 415 3 journal journal NOUN geusb-8387 415 4 122 122 NUM geusb-8387 415 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 415 6 203–237 203–237 NUM geusb-8387 415 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 416 1 https://doi https://doi NOUN geusb-8387 416 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 416 3 org/10.2307/1790850 org/10.2307/1790850 PROPN geusb-8387 417 1 hawley hawley PROPN geusb-8387 417 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 3 r.l r.l PROPN geusb-8387 417 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 6 courville courville NOUN geusb-8387 417 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 8 z.r z.r PROPN geusb-8387 417 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 11 kehrl kehrl PROPN geusb-8387 417 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 13 l.m l.m PROPN geusb-8387 417 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 16 lutz lutz PROPN geusb-8387 417 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 18 e.r e.r PROPN geusb-8387 417 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 21 osterberg osterberg PROPN geusb-8387 417 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 23 e.c e.c PROPN geusb-8387 417 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 26 overly overly ADV geusb-8387 417 27 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 28 t.b t.b PROPN geusb-8387 417 29 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 30 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 417 31 wong wong PROPN geusb-8387 417 32 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 417 33 g.j g.j PROPN geusb-8387 417 34 . . PROPN geusb-8387 417 35 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 417 36 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 417 37 recent recent ADJ geusb-8387 417 38 accumulation accumulation NOUN geusb-8387 417 39 variability variability NOUN geusb-8387 417 40 in in ADP geusb-8387 417 41 northwest northwest PROPN geusb-8387 417 42 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 417 43 from from ADP geusb-8387 417 44 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 417 45 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 417 46 penetrating penetrate VERB geusb-8387 417 47 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 417 48 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 417 49 shallow shallow ADJ geusb-8387 417 50 cores core NOUN geusb-8387 417 51 along along ADP geusb-8387 417 52 the the DET geusb-8387 417 53 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 417 54 inland inland PROPN geusb-8387 417 55 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 417 56 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 418 1 journal journal NOUN geusb-8387 418 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 418 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 418 4 60 60 NUM geusb-8387 418 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 6 375–382 375–382 NUM geusb-8387 418 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 418 8 https://doi.org/10.3189/2014jog13j141 https://doi.org/10.3189/2014jog13j141 PROPN geusb-8387 418 9 henriksen henriksen PROPN geusb-8387 418 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 11 n. n. NOUN geusb-8387 418 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 13 higgins higgins PROPN geusb-8387 418 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 15 a. a. PROPN geusb-8387 418 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 17 kalsbeek kalsbeek PROPN geusb-8387 418 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 19 f. f. PROPN geusb-8387 418 20 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 418 21 pulvertaft pulvertaft PROPN geusb-8387 418 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 418 23 t.c.r t.c.r NOUN geusb-8387 418 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 418 25 2009 2009 NUM geusb-8387 418 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 418 27 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 418 28 from from ADP geusb-8387 418 29 archaean archaean PROPN geusb-8387 418 30 to to ADP geusb-8387 418 31 quaternary quaternary ADJ geusb-8387 418 32 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 419 1 descriptive descriptive ADJ geusb-8387 419 2 text text NOUN geusb-8387 419 3 to to ADP geusb-8387 419 4 the the DET geusb-8387 419 5 1995 1995 NUM geusb-8387 419 6 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 419 7 map map NOUN geusb-8387 419 8 of of ADP geusb-8387 419 9 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 419 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 419 11 1:2 1:2 NUM geusb-8387 419 12 500 500 NUM geusb-8387 419 13     SPACE geusb-8387 419 14 000 000 NUM geusb-8387 419 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 420 1 2nd 2nd PROPN geusb-8387 420 2 edition edition PROPN geusb-8387 420 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 421 1 geological geological ADJ geusb-8387 421 2 survey survey NOUN geusb-8387 421 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 421 4 denmark denmark PROPN geusb-8387 421 5 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 421 6 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 421 7 bulletin bulletin PROPN geusb-8387 421 8 18 18 NUM geusb-8387 421 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 421 10 126 126 NUM geusb-8387 421 11 pp pp NOUN geusb-8387 421 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 422 1 https://doi https://doi PROPN geusb-8387 422 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 422 3 org/10.34194 org/10.34194 PROPN geusb-8387 422 4 / / SYM geusb-8387 422 5 geusb.v18.4993 geusb.v18.4993 PROPN geusb-8387 422 6 hofmann hofmann PROPN geusb-8387 422 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 422 8 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 422 9 1964 1964 NUM geusb-8387 422 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 422 11 die die VERB geusb-8387 422 12 geodatische geodatische PROPN geusb-8387 422 13 lagemessung lagemessung PROPN geusb-8387 422 14 uber uber PROPN geusb-8387 422 15 das das PROPN geusb-8387 422 16 gronlandische gronlandische PROPN geusb-8387 422 17 inlandeis inlandeis PROPN geusb-8387 422 18 der der PROPN geusb-8387 422 19 internationalen internationalen ADJ geusb-8387 422 20 glaziologischen glaziologischen NOUN geusb-8387 422 21 gronland gronland NOUN geusb-8387 422 22 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 422 23 expedition expedition NOUN geusb-8387 422 24 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 422 25 egig egig NOUN geusb-8387 422 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 422 27 1959 1959 NUM geusb-8387 422 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 423 1 meddelelser meddelelser PROPN geusb-8387 423 2 om om PROPN geusb-8387 423 3 grønland grønland PROPN geusb-8387 423 4 173 173 NUM geusb-8387 423 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 423 6 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 423 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 424 1 how how SCONJ geusb-8387 424 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 424 3 p. p. NOUN geusb-8387 424 4 et et NOUN geusb-8387 424 5     SPACE geusb-8387 424 6 al al PROPN geusb-8387 424 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 424 8 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 424 9 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 424 10 promice promice NOUN geusb-8387 424 11 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 424 12 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 424 13 - - ADJ geusb-8387 424 14 net net ADJ geusb-8387 424 15 automated automate VERB geusb-8387 424 16 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 424 17 station station NOUN geusb-8387 424 18 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 424 19 in in ADP geusb-8387 424 20 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 424 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 425 1 geus geus PROPN geusb-8387 425 2 dataverse dataverse PROPN geusb-8387 425 3 v25 v25 NOUN geusb-8387 425 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 426 1 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/ https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/ PROPN geusb-8387 426 2 iw73uu iw73uu PROPN geusb-8387 426 3 jensen jensen PROPN geusb-8387 426 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 5 c.d c.d PROPN geusb-8387 426 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 426 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 8 jørgensen jørgensen PROPN geusb-8387 426 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 10 b.v b.v PROPN geusb-8387 426 11 . . PROPN geusb-8387 426 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 13 kern kern PROPN geusb-8387 426 14 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 426 15 hansen hansen PROPN geusb-8387 426 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 17 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 426 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 19 laursen laursen PROPN geusb-8387 426 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 21 e.v e.v PROPN geusb-8387 426 22 . . PROPN geusb-8387 426 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 24 cappelen cappelen PROPN geusb-8387 426 25 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 26 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 426 27 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 28 boas boas PROPN geusb-8387 426 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 30 l. l. PROPN geusb-8387 426 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 32 carstensen carstensen NOUN geusb-8387 426 33 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 34 l.s l.s PROPN geusb-8387 426 35 . . PROPN geusb-8387 426 36 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 426 37 wang wang PROPN geusb-8387 426 38 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 426 39 p.g p.g PROPN geusb-8387 426 40 . . PROPN geusb-8387 426 41 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 426 42 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 426 43 title title NOUN geusb-8387 426 44 weather weather NOUN geusb-8387 426 45 observations observation NOUN geusb-8387 426 46 from from ADP geusb-8387 426 47 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 426 48 1958–2024 1958–2024 NUM geusb-8387 426 49 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 426 50 observational observational ADJ geusb-8387 426 51 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 426 52 with with ADP geusb-8387 426 53 description description NOUN geusb-8387 426 54 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 427 1 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 427 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 427 3 danish danish PROPN geusb-8387 427 4 meteorological meteorological PROPN geusb-8387 427 5 institute institute PROPN geusb-8387 427 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 427 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 427 8 dmi dmi PROPN geusb-8387 427 9 report report VERB geusb-8387 427 10 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 427 11 - - SYM geusb-8387 427 12 08 08 NUM geusb-8387 427 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 428 1 jouzel jouzel PROPN geusb-8387 428 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 428 3 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 428 4 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 428 5 masson masson PROPN geusb-8387 428 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 428 7 delmotte delmotte NOUN geusb-8387 428 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 428 9 v. v. ADP geusb-8387 428 10 2010 2010 NUM geusb-8387 428 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 428 12 paleoclimates paleoclimate VERB geusb-8387 428 13 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 428 14 what what PRON geusb-8387 428 15 do do AUX geusb-8387 428 16 we we PRON geusb-8387 428 17 learn learn VERB geusb-8387 428 18 from from ADP geusb-8387 428 19 deep deep ADJ geusb-8387 428 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 428 21 cores core NOUN geusb-8387 428 22 ? ? PUNCT geusb-8387 429 1 wires wire NOUN geusb-8387 429 2 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 429 3 change change NOUN geusb-8387 429 4 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 429 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 429 6 654–669 654–669 NUM geusb-8387 429 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 430 1 https://doi https://doi X geusb-8387 430 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 431 1 org/10.1002 org/10.1002 PROPN geusb-8387 431 2 / / SYM geusb-8387 431 3 wcc.72 wcc.72 PROPN geusb-8387 431 4 karlsson karlsson PROPN geusb-8387 431 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 6 n.b n.b PROPN geusb-8387 431 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 431 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 9 razik razik PROPN geusb-8387 431 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 11 s. s. PROPN geusb-8387 431 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 13 hörhold hörhold NOUN geusb-8387 431 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 15 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 431 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 17 winter winter NOUN geusb-8387 431 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 19 a. a. NOUN geusb-8387 431 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 21 steinhage steinhage NOUN geusb-8387 431 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 23 d. d. PROPN geusb-8387 431 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 25 binder binder NOUN geusb-8387 431 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 27 t. t. PROPN geusb-8387 431 28 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 431 29 eisen eisen PROPN geusb-8387 431 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 31 o. o. PROPN geusb-8387 431 32 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 431 33 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 431 34 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 431 35 accumulation accumulation NOUN geusb-8387 431 36 in in ADP geusb-8387 431 37 northern northern ADJ geusb-8387 431 38 central central PROPN geusb-8387 431 39 greenland greenland NOUN geusb-8387 431 40 during during ADP geusb-8387 431 41 the the DET geusb-8387 431 42 last last ADJ geusb-8387 431 43 300 300 NUM geusb-8387 431 44 years year NOUN geusb-8387 431 45 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 431 46 annals annal NOUN geusb-8387 431 47 of of ADP geusb-8387 431 48 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 431 49 61 61 NUM geusb-8387 431 50 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 431 51 214–224 214–224 NUM geusb-8387 431 52 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 432 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2020.30 https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2020.30 PROPN geusb-8387 432 2 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 432 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 433 1 2024a 2024a NUM geusb-8387 433 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 433 3 åbent åbent NOUN geusb-8387 433 4 land land NOUN geusb-8387 433 5 grønland grønland NOUN geusb-8387 433 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 434 1 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4771 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4771 PROPN geusb-8387 434 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 434 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 434 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 434 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 434 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 434 7 klimadatastyrelsen klimadatastyrelsen PROPN geusb-8387 434 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 435 1 2024b 2024b NUM geusb-8387 435 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 435 3 satellitfoto satellitfoto NOUN geusb-8387 435 4 grønland grønland NOUN geusb-8387 435 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 436 1 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4783 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4783 NOUN geusb-8387 436 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 436 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 436 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 436 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 436 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 436 7 kurbatov kurbatov NOUN geusb-8387 436 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 436 9 a.v a.v PROPN geusb-8387 436 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 436 11 et et PROPN geusb-8387 436 12     SPACE geusb-8387 436 13 al al PROPN geusb-8387 436 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 436 15 2010 2010 NUM geusb-8387 436 16 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 436 17 discovery discovery NOUN geusb-8387 436 18 of of ADP geusb-8387 436 19 a a DET geusb-8387 436 20 nanodiamond nanodiamond NOUN geusb-8387 436 21 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 436 22 rich rich ADJ geusb-8387 436 23 layer layer NOUN geusb-8387 436 24 in in ADP geusb-8387 436 25 the the DET geusb-8387 436 26 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 436 27 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 436 28 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 436 29 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 437 1 journal journal PROPN geusb-8387 437 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 437 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 437 4 56 56 NUM geusb-8387 437 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 437 6 747–757 747–757 PROPN geusb-8387 437 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 438 1 https://doi https://doi PROPN geusb-8387 438 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 438 3 org/10.3189/002214310794457191 org/10.3189/002214310794457191 PROPN geusb-8387 438 4 lever lever PROPN geusb-8387 438 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 438 6 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 438 7 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 438 8 weale weale PROPN geusb-8387 438 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 438 10 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 438 11 2011 2011 NUM geusb-8387 438 12 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 438 13 mobility mobility NOUN geusb-8387 438 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 438 15 economic economic ADJ geusb-8387 438 16 feasibility feasibility NOUN geusb-8387 438 17 of of ADP geusb-8387 438 18 the the DET geusb-8387 438 19 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 438 20 inland inland PROPN geusb-8387 438 21 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 438 22 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 438 23 grit grit NOUN geusb-8387 438 24 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 438 25 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 439 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 439 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 439 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 439 4 engineer engineer NOUN geusb-8387 439 5 research research NOUN geusb-8387 439 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 439 7 development development NOUN geusb-8387 439 8 center center NOUN geusb-8387 439 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 439 10 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 439 11 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 439 12 research research NOUN geusb-8387 439 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 439 14 engineering engineering NOUN geusb-8387 439 15 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 439 16 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 439 17 erdc erdc NOUN geusb-8387 439 18 / / SYM geusb-8387 439 19 crrel crrel NOUN geusb-8387 439 20 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 439 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 440 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 440 2 report report NOUN geusb-8387 440 3 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 440 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 440 5 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 440 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 441 1 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/5512 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/5512 NOUN geusb-8387 441 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 441 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 441 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 441 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 441 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 441 7 lever lever NOUN geusb-8387 441 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 441 9 j.h j.h PROPN geusb-8387 441 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 441 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 441 12 phillips phillips PROPN geusb-8387 441 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 441 14 g. g. PROPN geusb-8387 441 15 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 441 16 burnside burnside PROPN geusb-8387 441 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 441 18 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 441 19 2016 2016 NUM geusb-8387 441 20 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 441 21 economic economic ADJ geusb-8387 441 22 analysis analysis NOUN geusb-8387 441 23 of of ADP geusb-8387 441 24 the the DET geusb-8387 441 25 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 441 26 inland inland PROPN geusb-8387 441 27 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 441 28 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 441 29 grit grit NOUN geusb-8387 441 30 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 441 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 442 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 442 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 442 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 442 4 engineer engineer NOUN geusb-8387 442 5 research research NOUN geusb-8387 442 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 442 7 development development NOUN geusb-8387 442 8 center center NOUN geusb-8387 442 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 442 10 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 442 11 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 442 12 research research NOUN geusb-8387 442 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 442 14 engineering engineering NOUN geusb-8387 442 15 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 442 16 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 442 17 erdc erdc NOUN geusb-8387 442 18 / / SYM geusb-8387 442 19 crrel crrel NOUN geusb-8387 442 20 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 442 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 443 1 special special ADJ geusb-8387 443 2 report report NOUN geusb-8387 443 3 16 16 NUM geusb-8387 443 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 443 5 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 443 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 444 1 http://hdl.handle http://hdl.handle NOUN geusb-8387 444 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 445 1 net/11681/20277 net/11681/20277 PROPN geusb-8387 445 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 445 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 445 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 445 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 445 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 445 7 løkkegaard løkkegaard NOUN geusb-8387 445 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 9 a. a. PROPN geusb-8387 445 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 11 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 445 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 13 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 445 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 15 hansen hansen PROPN geusb-8387 445 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 17 k. k. PROPN geusb-8387 445 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 19 thorsøe thorsøe PROPN geusb-8387 445 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 21 k. k. PROPN geusb-8387 445 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 23 jakobsen jakobsen PROPN geusb-8387 445 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 25 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 445 26 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 445 27 khan khan PROPN geusb-8387 445 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 445 29 s.a s.a PROPN geusb-8387 445 30 . . PROPN geusb-8387 445 31 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 445 32 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 445 33 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 445 34 acceleration acceleration NOUN geusb-8387 445 35 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 445 36 rotation rotation NOUN geusb-8387 445 37 in in ADP geusb-8387 445 38 the the DET geusb-8387 445 39 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 445 40 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 445 41 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 445 42 interior interior NOUN geusb-8387 445 43 in in ADP geusb-8387 445 44 recent recent ADJ geusb-8387 445 45 decades decade NOUN geusb-8387 445 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 446 1 communications communication NOUN geusb-8387 446 2 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 446 3 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 446 4 environment environment NOUN geusb-8387 446 5 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 446 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 446 7 211 211 NUM geusb-8387 446 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 447 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01322-w https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01322-w ADV geusb-8387 447 2 macferrin macferrin ADJ geusb-8387 447 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 4 m.j m.j PROPN geusb-8387 447 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 447 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 7 stevens stevens PROPN geusb-8387 447 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 9 c.m c.m PROPN geusb-8387 447 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 447 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 12 vandecrux vandecrux PROPN geusb-8387 447 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 14 b. b. PROPN geusb-8387 447 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 16 waddington waddington PROPN geusb-8387 447 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 18 e.d e.d PROPN geusb-8387 447 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 447 20 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 447 21 abdalati abdalati PROPN geusb-8387 447 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 23 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 447 24 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 447 25 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 447 26 the the DET geusb-8387 447 27 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 447 28 firn firn PROPN geusb-8387 447 29 compaction compaction NOUN geusb-8387 447 30 verification verification NOUN geusb-8387 447 31 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 447 32 reconnaissance reconnaissance NOUN geusb-8387 447 33 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 447 34 firncover firncover NOUN geusb-8387 447 35 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 447 36 dataset dataset NOUN geusb-8387 447 37 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 447 38 2013–2019 2013–2019 NUM geusb-8387 447 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 448 1 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 448 2 systems system NOUN geusb-8387 448 3 science science PROPN geusb-8387 448 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 448 5 14 14 NUM geusb-8387 448 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 448 7 955–971 955–971 NUM geusb-8387 448 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 449 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-955-2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-955-2022 PROPN geusb-8387 449 2 macgregor macgregor PROPN geusb-8387 449 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 4 j.a j.a PROPN geusb-8387 449 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 449 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 7 fahnestock fahnestock PROPN geusb-8387 449 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 9 m.a m.a PROPN geusb-8387 449 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 449 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 12 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 449 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 14 w.t w.t PROPN geusb-8387 449 15 . . PROPN geusb-8387 449 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 17 larsen larsen PROPN geusb-8387 449 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 19 n.k n.k PROPN geusb-8387 449 20 . . PROPN geusb-8387 449 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 22 kjeldsen kjeldsen PROPN geusb-8387 449 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 24 k.k k.k PROPN geusb-8387 449 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 449 26 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 449 27 welker welker PROPN geusb-8387 449 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 449 29 j.m j.m PROPN geusb-8387 449 30 . . PROPN geusb-8387 449 31 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 449 32 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 449 33 the the DET geusb-8387 449 34 age age NOUN geusb-8387 449 35 of of ADP geusb-8387 449 36 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 449 37 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 449 38 exposed expose VERB geusb-8387 449 39 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 449 40 along along ADP geusb-8387 449 41 the the DET geusb-8387 449 42 northern northern ADJ geusb-8387 449 43 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 449 44 of of ADP geusb-8387 449 45 the the DET geusb-8387 449 46 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 449 47 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 449 48 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 449 49 . . 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PUNCT geusb-8387 451 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.62 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.62 PROPN geusb-8387 452 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 452 2 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ NOUN geusb-8387 453 1 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 NOUN geusb-8387 453 2 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 NOUN geusb-8387 454 1 https://doi.org/10.4224/40000400 https://doi.org/10.4224/40000400 NOUN geusb-8387 455 1 https://doi.org/10.4224/40000400 https://doi.org/10.4224/40000400 INTJ geusb-8387 456 1 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ada337542 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ada337542 PROPN geusb-8387 456 2 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v41.4347 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v41.4347 PROPN geusb-8387 456 3 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v41.4347 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v41.4347 PROPN geusb-8387 456 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022 NOUN geusb-8387 456 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022 NOUN geusb-8387 456 6 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/oip6l4 NOUN geusb-8387 456 7 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0657261 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0657261 X geusb-8387 456 8 https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icecharts_gl_northwest.uk.php https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icecharts_gl_northwest.uk.php NOUN geusb-8387 456 9 https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icecharts_gl_northwest.uk.php https://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/icecharts_gl_northwest.uk.php VERB geusb-8387 456 10 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3819-2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3819-2021 PROPN geusb-8387 456 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-763-2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-763-2022 X geusb-8387 456 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl072394 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl072394 X geusb-8387 456 13 https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/inf/files/resources/0016-001_norex_ice_road_constr._web.pdf https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/inf/files/resources/0016-001_norex_ice_road_constr._web.pdf NOUN geusb-8387 456 14 https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/inf/files/resources/0016-001_norex_ice_road_constr._web.pdf https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/inf/files/resources/0016-001_norex_ice_road_constr._web.pdf PROPN geusb-8387 456 15 https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<1629:sotgcr>2.0.co;2 https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<1629:sotgcr>2.0.co;2 PROPN geusb-8387 456 16 https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<1629:sotgcr>2.0.co;2 https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<1629:sotgcr>2.0.co;2 PROPN geusb-8387 456 17 https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2000.176.01.06 https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2000.176.01.06 PROPN geusb-8387 456 18 https://doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000021213 https://doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000021213 NUM geusb-8387 456 19 https://doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000021213 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https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4771 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4771 PROPN geusb-8387 457 9 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4771 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4771 PROPN geusb-8387 457 10 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4783 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4783 NOUN geusb-8387 457 11 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4783 https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4783 NOUN geusb-8387 457 12 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310794457191 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310794457191 NOUN geusb-8387 457 13 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310794457191 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310794457191 NOUN geusb-8387 457 14 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/5512 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/5512 PROPN geusb-8387 457 15 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/20277 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/20277 PROPN geusb-8387 457 16 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/20277 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/20277 NOUN geusb-8387 458 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01322-w https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01322-w ADV geusb-8387 458 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-955-2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-955-2022 PROPN geusb-8387 458 3 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.62 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.62 PROPN geusb-8387 458 4 colgan colgan PROPN geusb-8387 458 5 et et PROPN geusb-8387 458 6 al al PROPN geusb-8387 458 7 . . PROPN geusb-8387 458 8 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 458 9 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 458 10 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 458 11 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 458 12 59 59 NUM geusb-8387 458 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 458 14 8387 8387 NUM geusb-8387 458 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 459 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 459 2 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 459 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 459 4 17 17 NUM geusb-8387 459 5 geusbulletin.org geusbulletin.org PROPN geusb-8387 459 6 mackay mackay PROPN geusb-8387 459 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 459 8 s.l s.l PROPN geusb-8387 459 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 459 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 459 11 marchant marchant PROPN geusb-8387 459 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 459 13 d.r d.r PROPN geusb-8387 459 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 459 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 459 16 lamp lamp PROPN geusb-8387 459 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 459 18 j.l j.l PROPN geusb-8387 459 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 459 20 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 459 21 head head PROPN geusb-8387 459 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 459 23 j.w j.w PROPN geusb-8387 459 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 459 25 2014 2014 NUM geusb-8387 459 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 459 27 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 459 28 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 459 29 based base VERB geusb-8387 459 30 debris debris NOUN geusb-8387 459 31 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 459 32 covered cover VERB geusb-8387 459 33 glaciers glacier NOUN geusb-8387 459 34 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 459 35 evaluating evaluate VERB geusb-8387 459 36 their their PRON geusb-8387 459 37 potential potential NOUN geusb-8387 459 38 as as ADP geusb-8387 459 39 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 459 40 archives archive NOUN geusb-8387 459 41 through through ADP geusb-8387 459 42 studies study NOUN geusb-8387 459 43 of of ADP geusb-8387 459 44 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 459 45 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 459 46 penetrating penetrate VERB geusb-8387 459 47 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 459 48 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 459 49 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 459 50 morphology morphology NOUN geusb-8387 459 51 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 460 1 journal journal PROPN geusb-8387 460 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 460 3 geophysical geophysical ADJ geusb-8387 460 4 research research NOUN geusb-8387 460 5 119 119 NUM geusb-8387 460 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 460 7 2505–2540 2505–2540 NUM geusb-8387 460 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 461 1 https://doi https://doi X geusb-8387 461 2 . . NOUN geusb-8387 461 3 org/10.1002/2014jf003178 org/10.1002/2014jf003178 PROPN geusb-8387 461 4 mankoff mankoff NOUN geusb-8387 461 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 461 6 k. k. PROPN geusb-8387 461 7 et et PROPN geusb-8387 461 8     SPACE geusb-8387 461 9 al al PROPN geusb-8387 461 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 461 11 2020 2020 NUM geusb-8387 461 12 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 461 13 search search NOUN geusb-8387 461 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 461 15 recovery recovery NOUN geusb-8387 461 16 of of ADP geusb-8387 461 17 aircraft aircraft NOUN geusb-8387 461 18 parts part NOUN geusb-8387 461 19 in in ADP geusb-8387 461 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 461 21 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 461 22 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 461 23 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 461 24 fields field NOUN geusb-8387 461 25 using use VERB geusb-8387 461 26 airborne airborne ADJ geusb-8387 461 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 461 28 in in ADP geusb-8387 461 29 situ situ ADJ geusb-8387 461 30 geophysical geophysical ADJ geusb-8387 461 31 sensors sensor NOUN geusb-8387 461 32 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 462 1 journal journal NOUN geusb-8387 462 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 462 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 462 4 66 66 NUM geusb-8387 462 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 462 6 496–508 496–508 NUM geusb-8387 462 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 463 1 http://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.26 http://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.26 PROPN geusb-8387 463 2 masterson masterson PROPN geusb-8387 463 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 463 4 d.m d.m PROPN geusb-8387 463 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 463 6 2009 2009 NUM geusb-8387 463 7 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 463 8 state state NOUN geusb-8387 463 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 463 10 the the DET geusb-8387 463 11 art art NOUN geusb-8387 463 12 of of ADP geusb-8387 463 13 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 463 14 bearing bearing NOUN geusb-8387 463 15 capacity capacity NOUN geusb-8387 463 16 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 463 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 463 18 construction construction NOUN geusb-8387 463 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 464 1 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 464 2 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 464 3 science science NOUN geusb-8387 464 4 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 464 5 technology technology NOUN geusb-8387 464 6 58 58 NUM geusb-8387 464 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 464 8 99–112 99–112 PROPN geusb-8387 464 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 465 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2009.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2009.04.002 PROPN geusb-8387 465 2 matoba matoba PROPN geusb-8387 465 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 465 4 s. s. PROPN geusb-8387 465 5 et et PROPN geusb-8387 465 6     SPACE geusb-8387 465 7 al al PROPN geusb-8387 465 8 . . PROPN geusb-8387 465 9 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 465 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 465 11 field field NOUN geusb-8387 465 12 activities activity NOUN geusb-8387 465 13 at at ADP geusb-8387 465 14 the the DET geusb-8387 465 15 sigma sigma PROPN geusb-8387 465 16 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 465 17 a a DET geusb-8387 465 18 site site NOUN geusb-8387 465 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 465 20 northwestern northwestern PROPN geusb-8387 465 21 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 465 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 465 23 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 465 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 465 25 2017 2017 NUM geusb-8387 465 26 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 466 1 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 466 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 466 3 glaciological glaciological ADJ geusb-8387 466 4 research research NOUN geusb-8387 466 5 36 36 NUM geusb-8387 466 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 466 7 15–22 15–22 NUM geusb-8387 466 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 467 1 https://doi.org/10.5331/bgr.18r01 https://doi.org/10.5331/bgr.18r01 PROPN geusb-8387 467 2 meehan meehan PROPN geusb-8387 467 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 4 t.g t.g PROPN geusb-8387 467 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 467 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 7 marshall marshall PROPN geusb-8387 467 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 9 h.p h.p PROPN geusb-8387 467 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 467 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 12 bradford bradford PROPN geusb-8387 467 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 14 j.h j.h PROPN geusb-8387 467 15 . . PROPN geusb-8387 467 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 17 hawley hawley PROPN geusb-8387 467 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 19 r.l r.l PROPN geusb-8387 467 20 . . PROPN geusb-8387 467 21 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 22 overly overly ADV geusb-8387 467 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 24 t.b t.b PROPN geusb-8387 467 25 . . PROPN geusb-8387 467 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 27 lewis lewis PROPN geusb-8387 467 28 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 29 g. g. PROPN geusb-8387 467 30 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 31 graeter graeter PROPN geusb-8387 467 32 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 33 k. k. PROPN geusb-8387 467 34 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 35 osterberg osterberg PROPN geusb-8387 467 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 37 e. e. PROPN geusb-8387 467 38 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 467 39 mccarthy mccarthy PROPN geusb-8387 467 40 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 41 f. f. PROPN geusb-8387 467 42 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 467 43 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 467 44 reconstruction reconstruction NOUN geusb-8387 467 45 of of ADP geusb-8387 467 46 historical historical ADJ geusb-8387 467 47 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 467 48 mass mass PROPN geusb-8387 467 49 balance balance NOUN geusb-8387 467 50 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 467 51 1984–2017 1984–2017 NUM geusb-8387 467 52 from from ADP geusb-8387 467 53 greentracs greentracs PROPN geusb-8387 467 54 multi multi ADJ geusb-8387 467 55 - - ADJ geusb-8387 467 56 offset offset ADJ geusb-8387 467 57 ground ground NOUN geusb-8387 467 58 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 467 59 penetrating penetrate VERB geusb-8387 467 60 radar radar NOUN geusb-8387 467 61 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 468 1 journal journal PROPN geusb-8387 468 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 468 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 468 4 67 67 NUM geusb-8387 468 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 468 6 219–228 219–228 NUM geusb-8387 468 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 469 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.91 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.91 PROPN geusb-8387 469 2 meier meier PROPN geusb-8387 469 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 4 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 469 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 6 conel conel PROPN geusb-8387 469 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 8 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 469 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 10 hoerni hoerni PROPN geusb-8387 469 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 12 j. j. PROPN geusb-8387 469 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 14 melbourne melbourne PROPN geusb-8387 469 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 16 w. w. PROPN geusb-8387 469 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 18 pings ping NOUN geusb-8387 469 19 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 20 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 469 21 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 469 22 walker walker PROPN geusb-8387 469 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 469 24 p. p. NOUN geusb-8387 469 25 1957 1957 NUM geusb-8387 469 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 469 27 preliminary preliminary ADJ geusb-8387 469 28 study study NOUN geusb-8387 469 29 of of ADP geusb-8387 469 30 crevasse crevasse ADJ geusb-8387 469 31 formation formation NOUN geusb-8387 469 32 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 470 1 blue blue ADJ geusb-8387 470 2 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 470 3 valley valley NOUN geusb-8387 470 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 470 5 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 470 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 470 7 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 470 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 471 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 471 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 471 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 471 4 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 471 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 471 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 471 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 471 8 permafrost permafrost NOUN geusb-8387 471 9 research research NOUN geusb-8387 471 10 establishment establishment NOUN geusb-8387 471 11 report report NOUN geusb-8387 471 12 38 38 NUM geusb-8387 471 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 471 14 85 85 NUM geusb-8387 471 15 pp pp NOUN geusb-8387 471 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 472 1 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0696398 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0696398 PROPN geusb-8387 472 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 472 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 472 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 472 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 472 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 472 7 mellor mellor PROPN geusb-8387 472 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 472 9 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 472 10 1963 1963 NUM geusb-8387 472 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 472 12 oversnow oversnow ADJ geusb-8387 472 13 transport transport NOUN geusb-8387 472 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 473 1 hanover hanover PROPN geusb-8387 473 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 474 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 474 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 474 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 474 4 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 474 5 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 474 6 research research NOUN geusb-8387 474 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 474 8 engineering engineering NOUN geusb-8387 474 9 laboratory laboratory NOUN geusb-8387 474 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 475 1 103 103 NUM geusb-8387 475 2 pp pp NOUN geusb-8387 475 3 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 476 1 https:// https:// NOUN geusb-8387 476 2 apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0404778.pdf apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0404778.pdf ADP geusb-8387 476 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 476 4 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 476 5 august august PROPN geusb-8387 476 6 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 476 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 476 8 menne menne NOUN geusb-8387 476 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 476 10 m.j m.j PROPN geusb-8387 476 11 . . PROPN geusb-8387 476 12 et et PROPN geusb-8387 476 13     SPACE geusb-8387 476 14 al al PROPN geusb-8387 476 15 . . PROPN geusb-8387 476 16 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 476 17 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 476 18 global global ADJ geusb-8387 476 19 historical historical ADJ geusb-8387 476 20 climatology climatology NOUN geusb-8387 476 21 network network NOUN geusb-8387 476 22 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 476 23 hourly hourly NOUN geusb-8387 476 24 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 476 25 ghcnh ghcnh NOUN geusb-8387 476 26 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 476 27 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 477 1 [ [ X geusb-8387 477 2 glw00017605 glw00017605 NOUN geusb-8387 477 3 2006 2006 NUM geusb-8387 477 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 477 5 2024 2024 NUM geusb-8387 477 6 ] ] PUNCT geusb-8387 477 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 478 1 noaa noaa PROPN geusb-8387 478 2 national national ADJ geusb-8387 478 3 centers center NOUN geusb-8387 478 4 for for ADP geusb-8387 478 5 environmental environmental ADJ geusb-8387 478 6 information information NOUN geusb-8387 478 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 479 1 https://doi.org/10.25921/jp3d-3v19 https://doi.org/10.25921/jp3d-3v19 PROPN geusb-8387 479 2 mott mott PROPN geusb-8387 479 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 479 4 r. r. PROPN geusb-8387 479 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 479 6 vionnet vionnet NOUN geusb-8387 479 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 479 8 v. v. PROPN geusb-8387 479 9 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 479 10 grünewald grünewald PROPN geusb-8387 479 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 479 12 t. t. NOUN geusb-8387 479 13 2018 2018 NUM geusb-8387 479 14 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 479 15 the the DET geusb-8387 479 16 seasonal seasonal ADJ geusb-8387 479 17 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 479 18 cover cover NOUN geusb-8387 479 19 dynamics dynamic NOUN geusb-8387 479 20 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 479 21 review review NOUN geusb-8387 479 22 on on ADP geusb-8387 479 23 wind wind NOUN geusb-8387 479 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 479 25 driven drive VERB geusb-8387 479 26 coupling coupling NOUN geusb-8387 479 27 processes process NOUN geusb-8387 479 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 480 1 frontiers frontier NOUN geusb-8387 480 2 in in ADP geusb-8387 480 3 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 480 4 science science NOUN geusb-8387 480 5 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 480 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 480 7 197 197 NUM geusb-8387 480 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 481 1 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00197 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00197 ADP geusb-8387 481 2 nobles noble NOUN geusb-8387 481 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 481 4 l. l. PROPN geusb-8387 481 5 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 481 6 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 481 7 glaciological glaciological ADJ geusb-8387 481 8 investigation investigation NOUN geusb-8387 481 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 481 10 nunatarrssuaq nunatarrssuaq NOUN geusb-8387 481 11 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 481 12 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 481 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 481 14 northwestern northwestern ADJ geusb-8387 481 15 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 481 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 482 1 new new PROPN geusb-8387 482 2 hampshire hampshire PROPN geusb-8387 482 3 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 483 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 483 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 483 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 483 4 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 483 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 483 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 483 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 483 8 permafrost permafrost NOUN geusb-8387 483 9 research research NOUN geusb-8387 483 10 establishment establishment NOUN geusb-8387 483 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 484 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 484 2 report report NOUN geusb-8387 484 3 66 66 NUM geusb-8387 484 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 485 1 nuttall nuttall PROPN geusb-8387 485 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 485 3 c.j c.j PROPN geusb-8387 485 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 485 5 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 485 6 finelli finelli PROPN geusb-8387 485 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 485 8 j.p j.p PROPN geusb-8387 485 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 485 10 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 485 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 485 12 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 485 13 of of ADP geusb-8387 485 14 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 485 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 486 1 report report NOUN geusb-8387 486 2 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 486 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 486 4 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 486 5 in in ADP geusb-8387 486 6 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 486 7 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 486 8 a a DET geusb-8387 486 9 critical critical ADJ geusb-8387 486 10 review review NOUN geusb-8387 486 11 of of ADP geusb-8387 486 12 the the DET geusb-8387 486 13 state state NOUN geusb-8387 486 14 of of ADP geusb-8387 486 15 the the DET geusb-8387 486 16 art art NOUN geusb-8387 486 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 487 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 487 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 487 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 487 4 engineer engineer NOUN geusb-8387 487 5 research research NOUN geusb-8387 487 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 487 7 development development NOUN geusb-8387 487 8 center center NOUN geusb-8387 487 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 487 10 waterways waterways PROPN geusb-8387 487 11 experiment experiment NOUN geusb-8387 487 12 station station NOUN geusb-8387 487 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 488 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 488 2 memorandum memorandum NOUN geusb-8387 488 3 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 488 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 488 5 414 414 NUM geusb-8387 488 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 489 1 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/21421 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/21421 PROPN geusb-8387 489 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 489 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 489 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 489 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 489 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 489 7 paterson paterson NOUN geusb-8387 489 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 489 9 w.s.b w.s.b NOUN geusb-8387 489 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 489 11 1991 1991 NUM geusb-8387 489 12 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 489 13 why why SCONJ geusb-8387 489 14 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 489 15 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 489 16 age age NOUN geusb-8387 489 17 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 489 18 is be AUX geusb-8387 489 19 sometimes sometimes ADV geusb-8387 489 20 “ " PUNCT geusb-8387 489 21 soft soft ADJ geusb-8387 489 22 ” " PUNCT geusb-8387 489 23 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 489 24 cold cold ADJ geusb-8387 489 25 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 489 26 science science NOUN geusb-8387 489 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 489 28 technology technology NOUN geusb-8387 489 29 20(1 20(1 NOUN geusb-8387 489 30 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 489 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 489 32 75–98 75–98 NUM geusb-8387 489 33 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 490 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165232x https://doi.org/10.1016/0165232x PROPN geusb-8387 490 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 490 3 91)90058 91)90058 NUM geusb-8387 490 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 490 5 o o NOUN geusb-8387 490 6 petrenko petrenko NOUN geusb-8387 490 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 8 v.v v.v PROPN geusb-8387 490 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 490 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 11 severinghaus severinghaus PROPN geusb-8387 490 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 13 j.p j.p PROPN geusb-8387 490 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 490 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 16 brook brook PROPN geusb-8387 490 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 18 e.j e.j PROPN geusb-8387 490 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 490 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 21 reeh reeh ADJ geusb-8387 490 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 23 n. n. PROPN geusb-8387 490 24 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 490 25 schaefer schaefer PROPN geusb-8387 490 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 490 27 h. h. PROPN geusb-8387 490 28 2006 2006 NUM geusb-8387 490 29 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 490 30 gas gas NOUN geusb-8387 490 31 records record NOUN geusb-8387 490 32 from from ADP geusb-8387 490 33 the the DET geusb-8387 490 34 west west PROPN geusb-8387 490 35 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 490 36 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 490 37 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 490 38 covering cover VERB geusb-8387 490 39 the the DET geusb-8387 490 40 last last ADJ geusb-8387 490 41 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 490 42 termination termination NOUN geusb-8387 490 43 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 490 44 a a DET geusb-8387 490 45 horizontal horizontal ADJ geusb-8387 490 46 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 490 47 core core NOUN geusb-8387 490 48 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 491 1 quaternary quaternary ADJ geusb-8387 491 2 science science NOUN geusb-8387 491 3 reviews review NOUN geusb-8387 491 4 25 25 NUM geusb-8387 491 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 491 6 865–875 865–875 NUM geusb-8387 491 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 492 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005 VERB geusb-8387 492 2 petrenko petrenko NOUN geusb-8387 492 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 492 4 v.v v.v PROPN geusb-8387 492 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 492 6 et et PROPN geusb-8387 492 7     SPACE geusb-8387 492 8 al al PROPN geusb-8387 492 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 492 10 2008 2008 NUM geusb-8387 492 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 492 12 a a DET geusb-8387 492 13 novel novel ADJ geusb-8387 492 14 method method NOUN geusb-8387 492 15 for for ADP geusb-8387 492 16 obtaining obtain VERB geusb-8387 492 17 very very ADV geusb-8387 492 18 large large ADJ geusb-8387 492 19 ancient ancient ADJ geusb-8387 492 20 air air NOUN geusb-8387 492 21 samples sample NOUN geusb-8387 492 22 from from ADP geusb-8387 492 23 ablating ablate VERB geusb-8387 492 24 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 492 25 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 492 26 for for ADP geusb-8387 492 27 analyses analysis NOUN geusb-8387 492 28 of of ADP geusb-8387 492 29 methane methane NOUN geusb-8387 492 30 radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN geusb-8387 492 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 492 32 journal journal PROPN geusb-8387 492 33 of of ADP geusb-8387 492 34 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 492 35 54 54 NUM geusb-8387 492 36 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 492 37 233–244 233–244 NUM geusb-8387 492 38 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 493 1 https://doi https://doi PROPN geusb-8387 493 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 494 1 org/10.3189/002214308784886135 org/10.3189/002214308784886135 PROPN geusb-8387 494 2 porter porter PROPN geusb-8387 494 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 494 4 c. c. PROPN geusb-8387 494 5 et et PROPN geusb-8387 494 6     SPACE geusb-8387 494 7 al al PROPN geusb-8387 494 8 . . PROPN geusb-8387 494 9 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 494 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 495 1 arcticdem arcticdem PROPN geusb-8387 495 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 495 3 version version NOUN geusb-8387 495 4 4.1 4.1 NUM geusb-8387 495 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 496 1 harvard harvard PROPN geusb-8387 496 2 dataverse dataverse PROPN geusb-8387 496 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 496 4 v1 v1 NOUN geusb-8387 496 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 497 1 https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/3vdc4w https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/3vdc4w ADJ geusb-8387 497 2 reeh reeh ADJ geusb-8387 497 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 497 4 n. n. NOUN geusb-8387 497 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 497 6 oerter oerter PROPN geusb-8387 497 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 497 8 h. h. PROPN geusb-8387 497 9 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 497 10 thomsen thomsen PROPN geusb-8387 497 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 497 12 h.h h.h PROPN geusb-8387 497 13 . . PROPN geusb-8387 497 14 2002 2002 NUM geusb-8387 497 15 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 497 16 comparison comparison NOUN geusb-8387 497 17 between between ADP geusb-8387 497 18 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 497 19 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 497 20 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 497 21 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 497 22 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 497 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 497 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 497 25 core core NOUN geusb-8387 497 26 oxygen-18 oxygen-18 PROPN geusb-8387 497 27 records record NOUN geusb-8387 497 28 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 498 1 annals annal NOUN geusb-8387 498 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 498 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 498 4 35 35 NUM geusb-8387 498 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 498 6 136–144 136–144 NUM geusb-8387 498 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 499 1 https://doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817365 https://doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817365 NOUN geusb-8387 499 2 rula rula PROPN geusb-8387 499 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 499 4 a.a a.a PROPN geusb-8387 499 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 499 6 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 499 7 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 499 8 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 499 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 499 10 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 499 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 499 12 report report NOUN geusb-8387 499 13 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 499 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 499 15 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 499 16 studies studies PROPN geusb-8387 499 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 499 18 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 499 19 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 499 20 1957 1957 NUM geusb-8387 499 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 500 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 500 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 500 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 500 4 engineer engineer NOUN geusb-8387 500 5 research research NOUN geusb-8387 500 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 500 7 development development NOUN geusb-8387 500 8 center/ center/ PROPN geusb-8387 500 9 waterways waterway NOUN geusb-8387 500 10 experiment experiment NOUN geusb-8387 500 11 station station NOUN geusb-8387 500 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 501 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 501 2 memorandum memorandum NOUN geusb-8387 501 3 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 501 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 501 5 414 414 NUM geusb-8387 501 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 502 1 http:// http:// PROPN geusb-8387 502 2 hdl.handle.net/11681/2137 hdl.handle.net/11681/2137 PRON geusb-8387 502 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 502 4 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 502 5 august august PROPN geusb-8387 502 6 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 502 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 502 8 ruth ruth PROPN geusb-8387 502 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 502 10 u. u. NOUN geusb-8387 502 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 502 12 wagenbach wagenbach NOUN geusb-8387 502 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 502 14 d. d. PROPN geusb-8387 502 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 502 16 steffensen steffensen PROPN geusb-8387 502 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 502 18 j.p j.p PROPN geusb-8387 502 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 502 20 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 502 21 bigler bigler PROPN geusb-8387 502 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 502 23 m. m. NOUN geusb-8387 502 24 2003 2003 NUM geusb-8387 502 25 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 502 26 continuous continuous ADJ geusb-8387 502 27 record record NOUN geusb-8387 502 28 of of ADP geusb-8387 502 29 microparticle microparticle NOUN geusb-8387 502 30 concentration concentration NOUN geusb-8387 502 31 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 502 32 size size NOUN geusb-8387 502 33 distribution distribution NOUN geusb-8387 502 34 in in ADP geusb-8387 502 35 the the DET geusb-8387 502 36 central central ADJ geusb-8387 502 37 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 502 38 ngrip ngrip PROPN geusb-8387 502 39 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 502 40 core core NOUN geusb-8387 502 41 during during ADP geusb-8387 502 42 the the DET geusb-8387 502 43 last last ADJ geusb-8387 502 44 glacial glacial ADJ geusb-8387 502 45 period period NOUN geusb-8387 502 46 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 503 1 journal journal NOUN geusb-8387 503 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 503 3 geophysical geophysical ADJ geusb-8387 503 4 research research NOUN geusb-8387 503 5 108 108 NUM geusb-8387 503 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 503 7 4098 4098 NUM geusb-8387 503 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 504 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002376 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002376 PROPN geusb-8387 504 2 schaefer schaefer PROPN geusb-8387 504 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 4 h. h. PROPN geusb-8387 504 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 6 petrenko petrenko NOUN geusb-8387 504 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 8 v.v v.v PROPN geusb-8387 504 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 504 10 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 11 brook brook PROPN geusb-8387 504 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 13 e.j e.j PROPN geusb-8387 504 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 504 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 16 severinghaus severinghaus PROPN geusb-8387 504 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 18 j.p j.p PROPN geusb-8387 504 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 504 20 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 21 reeh reeh ADJ geusb-8387 504 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 23 n. n. PROPN geusb-8387 504 24 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 25 melton melton PROPN geusb-8387 504 26 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 27 j.r j.r PROPN geusb-8387 504 28 . . PROPN geusb-8387 504 29 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 504 30 mitchell mitchell PROPN geusb-8387 504 31 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 32 l. l. PROPN geusb-8387 504 33 2009 2009 NUM geusb-8387 504 34 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 504 35 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 504 36 stratigraphy stratigraphy NOUN geusb-8387 504 37 at at ADP geusb-8387 504 38 the the DET geusb-8387 504 39 pâkitsoq pâkitsoq NOUN geusb-8387 504 40 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 504 41 margin margin NOUN geusb-8387 504 42 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 43 west west PROPN geusb-8387 504 44 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 504 45 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 504 46 derived derive VERB geusb-8387 504 47 from from ADP geusb-8387 504 48 gas gas NOUN geusb-8387 504 49 records record NOUN geusb-8387 504 50 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 505 1 journal journal NOUN geusb-8387 505 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 505 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 505 4 55 55 NUM geusb-8387 505 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 505 6 411–421 411–421 NUM geusb-8387 505 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 506 1 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788816704 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788816704 VERB geusb-8387 506 2 schreiner schrein ADJ geusb-8387 506 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 506 4 b.g b.g PROPN geusb-8387 506 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 506 6 1965 1965 NUM geusb-8387 506 7 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 506 8 trafficability trafficability NOUN geusb-8387 506 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 506 10 snow snow NOUN geusb-8387 506 11 in in ADP geusb-8387 506 12 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 506 13 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 506 14 subarctic subarctic ADJ geusb-8387 506 15 regions region NOUN geusb-8387 506 16 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 507 1 vicksburg vicksburg PROPN geusb-8387 507 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 508 1 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 508 2 . . PROPN geusb-8387 508 3 army army PROPN geusb-8387 508 4 engineer engineer NOUN geusb-8387 508 5 research research NOUN geusb-8387 508 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 508 7 development development NOUN geusb-8387 508 8 center center NOUN geusb-8387 508 9 / / SYM geusb-8387 508 10 waterways waterways PROPN geusb-8387 508 11 experiment experiment NOUN geusb-8387 508 12 station station NOUN geusb-8387 508 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 509 1 miscellaneous miscellaneous ADJ geusb-8387 509 2 paper paper NOUN geusb-8387 509 3 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 509 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 509 5 713 713 NUM geusb-8387 509 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 510 1 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0745150.pdf https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0745150.pdf NOUN geusb-8387 510 2 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 510 3 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 510 4 august august PROPN geusb-8387 510 5 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 510 6 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 510 7 solgaard solgaard ADJ geusb-8387 510 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 510 9 a. a. PROPN geusb-8387 510 10 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 510 11 kusk kusk PROPN geusb-8387 510 12 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 510 13 a. a. NOUN geusb-8387 510 14 2022 2022 NUM geusb-8387 510 15 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 510 16 multi multi ADJ geusb-8387 510 17 - - ADJ geusb-8387 510 18 year year NOUN geusb-8387 510 19 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 510 20 velocity velocity NOUN geusb-8387 510 21 mosaics mosaic NOUN geusb-8387 510 22 for for ADP geusb-8387 510 23 the the DET geusb-8387 510 24 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 510 25 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 510 26 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 510 27 from from ADP geusb-8387 510 28 sentinel-1 sentinel-1 NUM geusb-8387 510 29 edition edition NOUN geusb-8387 510 30 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 510 31 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 510 32 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 510 33 dataverse dataverse PROPN geusb-8387 510 34 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 510 35 v2 v2 NOUN geusb-8387 510 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 511 1 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/lydwea https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/lydwea ADJ geusb-8387 511 2 solgaard solgaard NOUN geusb-8387 511 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 511 4 a. a. PROPN geusb-8387 511 5 et et PROPN geusb-8387 511 6     SPACE geusb-8387 511 7 al al PROPN geusb-8387 511 8 . . PROPN geusb-8387 511 9 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 511 10 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 511 11 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 511 12 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 511 13 velocity velocity NOUN geusb-8387 511 14 maps map NOUN geusb-8387 511 15 from from ADP geusb-8387 511 16 the the DET geusb-8387 511 17 promice promice NOUN geusb-8387 511 18 project project NOUN geusb-8387 511 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 512 1 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 512 2 systems system NOUN geusb-8387 512 3 science science PROPN geusb-8387 512 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 512 5 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 512 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 512 7 3491–3512 3491–3512 NUM geusb-8387 512 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 513 1 https://doi https://doi PROPN geusb-8387 513 2 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 514 1 org/10.5194 org/10.5194 PROPN geusb-8387 514 2 / / SYM geusb-8387 514 3 essd-13 essd-13 NOUN geusb-8387 514 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 514 5 3491 3491 NUM geusb-8387 514 6 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 514 7 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 514 8 stokholm stokholm NOUN geusb-8387 514 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 514 10 a. a. NOUN geusb-8387 514 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 514 12 hvidegaard hvidegaard ADV geusb-8387 514 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 514 14 s.m s.m PROPN geusb-8387 514 15 . . PROPN geusb-8387 514 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 514 17 forsberg forsberg PROPN geusb-8387 514 18 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 514 19 r. r. PROPN geusb-8387 514 20 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 514 21 simonsen simonsen PROPN geusb-8387 514 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 514 23 s.b s.b PROPN geusb-8387 514 24 . . PROPN geusb-8387 514 25 2021 2021 NUM geusb-8387 514 26 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 514 27 validation validation NOUN geusb-8387 514 28 of of ADP geusb-8387 514 29 airborne airborne ADJ geusb-8387 514 30 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 514 31 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 514 32 altimetry altimetry NOUN geusb-8387 514 33 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 514 34 by by ADP geusb-8387 514 35 arctic arctic ADJ geusb-8387 514 36 truck truck NOUN geusb-8387 514 37 citizen citizen NOUN geusb-8387 514 38 science science NOUN geusb-8387 514 39 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 515 1 geus geus NOUN geusb-8387 515 2 bulletin bulletin NOUN geusb-8387 515 3 47 47 NUM geusb-8387 515 4 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 515 5 5369 5369 NUM geusb-8387 515 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 516 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v47.5369 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v47.5369 PROPN geusb-8387 516 2 thomas thomas PROPN geusb-8387 516 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 4 r.h r.h PROPN geusb-8387 516 5 . . PROPN geusb-8387 516 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 7 csathó csathó PROPN geusb-8387 516 8 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 9 b.m b.m PROPN geusb-8387 516 10 . . PROPN geusb-8387 516 11 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 12 gogineni gogineni PROPN geusb-8387 516 13 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 14 s. s. PROPN geusb-8387 516 15 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 16 jezek jezek PROPN geusb-8387 516 17 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 18 k.c k.c PROPN geusb-8387 516 19 . . PROPN geusb-8387 516 20 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 516 21 kuivinen kuivinen PROPN geusb-8387 516 22 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 516 23 k. k. NOUN geusb-8387 516 24 1998 1998 NUM geusb-8387 516 25 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 516 26 thickening thickening NOUN geusb-8387 516 27 of of ADP geusb-8387 516 28 the the DET geusb-8387 516 29 western western ADJ geusb-8387 516 30 part part NOUN geusb-8387 516 31 of of ADP geusb-8387 516 32 the the DET geusb-8387 516 33 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 516 34 ice ice PROPN geusb-8387 516 35 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 516 36 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 517 1 journal journal PROPN geusb-8387 517 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 517 3 glaciology glaciology NOUN geusb-8387 517 4 44 44 NUM geusb-8387 517 5 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 517 6 653–658 653–658 NUM geusb-8387 517 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 518 1 https://doi.org/10.3189/s0022 https://doi.org/10.3189/s0022 PROPN geusb-8387 518 2 14300000215x 14300000215x NUM geusb-8387 518 3 usatb usatb VERB geusb-8387 518 4 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 518 5 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 518 6 . . PROPN geusb-8387 518 7 army army PROPN geusb-8387 518 8 transportation transportation PROPN geusb-8387 518 9 board board PROPN geusb-8387 518 10 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 518 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 519 1 1960 1960 NUM geusb-8387 519 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 519 3 final final ADJ geusb-8387 519 4 report report NOUN geusb-8387 519 5 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 519 6 project project NOUN geusb-8387 519 7 lead lead NOUN geusb-8387 519 8 dog dog NOUN geusb-8387 519 9 60 60 NUM geusb-8387 519 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 520 1 report report NOUN geusb-8387 520 2 of of ADP geusb-8387 520 3 environmental environmental ADJ geusb-8387 520 4 operation operation NOUN geusb-8387 520 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 521 1 tcb-60 tcb-60 PROPN geusb-8387 521 2 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 521 3 023 023 NUM geusb-8387 521 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 521 5 e0 e0 NOUN geusb-8387 521 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 522 1 https:// https:// NOUN geusb-8387 522 2 apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0263548.pdf apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0263548.pdf NOUN geusb-8387 522 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 522 4 accessed access VERB geusb-8387 522 5 august august PROPN geusb-8387 522 6 2025 2025 NUM geusb-8387 522 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 522 8 vandecrux vandecrux PROPN geusb-8387 522 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 522 10 b. b. PROPN geusb-8387 522 11 et et PROPN geusb-8387 522 12     SPACE geusb-8387 522 13 al al PROPN geusb-8387 522 14 . . PROPN geusb-8387 523 1 2023 2023 NUM geusb-8387 523 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 523 3 the the DET geusb-8387 523 4 historical historical ADJ geusb-8387 523 5 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 523 6 climate climate NOUN geusb-8387 523 7 network network NOUN geusb-8387 523 8 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 523 9 gc gc PROPN geusb-8387 523 10 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 523 11 net net NOUN geusb-8387 523 12 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 523 13 curated curate VERB geusb-8387 523 14 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 523 15 augmented augment VERB geusb-8387 523 16 level-1 level-1 NUM geusb-8387 523 17 dataset dataset NOUN geusb-8387 523 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 524 1 earth earth NOUN geusb-8387 524 2 systems system NOUN geusb-8387 524 3 science science PROPN geusb-8387 524 4 data datum NOUN geusb-8387 524 5 15 15 NUM geusb-8387 524 6 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 524 7 5467–5489 5467–5489 NUM geusb-8387 524 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 525 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5467-2023 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5467-2023 PROPN geusb-8387 525 2 wes wes PROPN geusb-8387 525 3 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 525 4 waterways waterway NOUN geusb-8387 525 5 experiment experiment NOUN geusb-8387 525 6 station station NOUN geusb-8387 525 7 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 525 8 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 526 1 1959 1959 NUM geusb-8387 526 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 527 1 approach approach NOUN geusb-8387 527 2 roads road NOUN geusb-8387 527 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 527 4 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 527 5 1955 1955 NUM geusb-8387 527 6 program program NOUN geusb-8387 527 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 528 1 mississippi mississippi PROPN geusb-8387 528 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 528 3 u.s u.s PROPN geusb-8387 528 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 528 5 army army PROPN geusb-8387 528 6 corps corps PROPN geusb-8387 528 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 528 8 engineers engineer NOUN geusb-8387 528 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 529 1 technical technical ADJ geusb-8387 529 2 report report PROPN geusb-8387 529 3 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 529 4 - - SYM geusb-8387 529 5 505 505 NUM geusb-8387 529 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 530 1 whillans whillans PROPN geusb-8387 530 2 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 530 3 i.m i.m PROPN geusb-8387 530 4 . . PROPN geusb-8387 530 5 & & CCONJ geusb-8387 530 6 cassidy cassidy PROPN geusb-8387 530 7 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 530 8 w.a w.a PROPN geusb-8387 530 9 . . PROPN geusb-8387 530 10 1983 1983 NUM geusb-8387 530 11 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 530 12 catch catch VERB geusb-8387 530 13 a a DET geusb-8387 530 14 falling fall VERB geusb-8387 530 15 star star NOUN geusb-8387 530 16 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 530 17 meteorites meteorite NOUN geusb-8387 530 18 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 530 19 old old ADJ geusb-8387 530 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 530 21 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 531 1 science science NOUN geusb-8387 531 2 222 222 NUM geusb-8387 531 3 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 531 4 55–7 55–7 PROPN geusb-8387 531 5 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 532 1 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4619.55 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4619.55 PROPN geusb-8387 532 2 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 https://doi.org/10.34194/ft7sk529 NOUN geusb-8387 532 3 https://geusbulletin.org/ https://geusbulletin.org/ VERB geusb-8387 532 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003178 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003178 PROPN geusb-8387 533 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003178 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003178 PROPN geusb-8387 533 2 http://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.26 http://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.26 ADJ geusb-8387 533 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2009.04.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2009.04.002 NOUN geusb-8387 533 4 https://doi.org/10.5331/bgr.18r01 https://doi.org/10.5331/bgr.18r01 PROPN geusb-8387 533 5 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.91 https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.91 PROPN geusb-8387 533 6 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0696398 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ad0696398 PROPN geusb-8387 533 7 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0404778.pdf https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0404778.pdf PROPN geusb-8387 533 8 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0404778.pdf https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0404778.pdf PROPN geusb-8387 533 9 https://doi.org/10.25921/jp3d-3v19 https://doi.org/10.25921/jp3d-3v19 NOUN geusb-8387 533 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00197 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00197 ADP geusb-8387 533 11 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/21421 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/21421 PROPN geusb-8387 533 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-232x(91)90058-o https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-232x(91)90058-o PROPN geusb-8387 533 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-232x(91)90058-o https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-232x(91)90058-o PROPN geusb-8387 533 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.005 VERB geusb-8387 533 15 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214308784886135 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214308784886135 NUM geusb-8387 533 16 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214308784886135 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214308784886135 X geusb-8387 533 17 https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/3vdc4w https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/3vdc4w ADJ geusb-8387 533 18 https://doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817365 https://doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817365 NOUN geusb-8387 533 19 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/2137 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/2137 NOUN geusb-8387 533 20 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/2137 http://hdl.handle.net/11681/2137 NOUN geusb-8387 533 21 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002376 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002376 PROPN geusb-8387 534 1 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788816704 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788816704 VERB geusb-8387 534 2 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0745150.pdf https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0745150.pdf NOUN geusb-8387 534 3 https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/lydwea https://doi.org/10.22008/fk2/lydwea PROPN geusb-8387 534 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3491-2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3491-2021 ADV geusb-8387 534 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3491-2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3491-2021 ADJ geusb-8387 535 1 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v47.5369 https://doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v47.5369 PROPN geusb-8387 535 2 https://doi.org/10.3189/s002214300000215x https://doi.org/10.3189/s002214300000215x PROPN geusb-8387 535 3 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0263548.pdf https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0263548.pdf PROPN geusb-8387 535 4 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0263548.pdf https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ad0263548.pdf PROPN geusb-8387 535 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5467-2023 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5467-2023 PROPN geusb-8387 535 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4619.55 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4619.55 NOUN geusb-8387 535 7 traverse traverse VERB geusb-8387 535 8 route route NOUN geusb-8387 535 9 from from ADP geusb-8387 535 10 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 535 11 to to ADP geusb-8387 535 12 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 535 13 land land NOUN geusb-8387 535 14 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 535 15 north north PROPN geusb-8387 535 16 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 535 17 greenland greenland PROPN geusb-8387 535 18 ’s ’s PART geusb-8387 535 19 oldest old ADJ geusb-8387 535 20 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 535 21 outcrop outcrop ADJ geusb-8387 535 22 motorised motorise VERB geusb-8387 535 23 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 535 24 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 535 25 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 535 26 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 535 27 pittufik pittufik VERB geusb-8387 535 28 to to ADP geusb-8387 535 29 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 535 30 land land NOUN geusb-8387 535 31 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 535 32 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 535 33 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 535 34 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 535 35 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 535 36 road road NOUN geusb-8387 535 37 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 535 38 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 535 39 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 535 40 sheet sheet NOUN geusb-8387 535 41 segment segment NOUN geusb-8387 535 42 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 535 43 land land NOUN geusb-8387 535 44 science science NOUN geusb-8387 535 45 plan plan VERB geusb-8387 535 46 the the DET geusb-8387 535 47 green green ADJ geusb-8387 535 48 transition transition NOUN geusb-8387 535 49 summary summary NOUN geusb-8387 535 50 additional additional ADJ geusb-8387 535 51 information information NOUN geusb-8387 535 52 funding funding NOUN geusb-8387 535 53 author author NOUN geusb-8387 535 54 contributions contribution VERB geusb-8387 535 55 competing compete VERB geusb-8387 535 56 interests interest NOUN geusb-8387 535 57 additional additional ADJ geusb-8387 535 58 files file NOUN geusb-8387 535 59 references reference NOUN geusb-8387 535 60 figures figure VERB geusb-8387 535 61 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 535 62 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 536 1 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 536 2     SPACE geusb-8387 536 3 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 536 4 placing place VERB geusb-8387 536 5 the the DET geusb-8387 536 6 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 536 7 route route NOUN geusb-8387 536 8 assessed assess VERB geusb-8387 536 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 536 10 this this DET geusb-8387 536 11 study study NOUN geusb-8387 536 12 in in ADP geusb-8387 536 13 the the DET geusb-8387 536 14 context context NOUN geusb-8387 536 15 of of ADP geusb-8387 536 16 past past ADJ geusb-8387 536 17 traverses traverse NOUN geusb-8387 536 18 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 536 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 537 1 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 537 2 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 537 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 537 4 the the DET geusb-8387 537 5 study study NOUN geusb-8387 537 6 area area NOUN geusb-8387 537 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 538 1 a a PRON geusb-8387 538 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 538 3 highlighting highlight VERB geusb-8387 538 4 the the DET geusb-8387 538 5 tuto tuto NOUN geusb-8387 538 6 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 538 7 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 538 8 ramps ramp NOUN geusb-8387 538 9 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 538 10 as as ADV geusb-8387 538 11 well well ADV geusb-8387 538 12 as as ADP geusb-8387 538 13 place place NOUN geusb-8387 538 14 names name NOUN geusb-8387 538 15 i i PRON geusb-8387 538 16 fig fig VERB geusb-8387 538 17 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 539 1 3 3 NUM geusb-8387 539 2 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 539 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 539 4 the the DET geusb-8387 539 5 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 539 6 route route NOUN geusb-8387 539 7 from from ADP geusb-8387 539 8 pituffik pituffik NOUN geusb-8387 539 9 to to ADP geusb-8387 539 10 sermeq sermeq PROPN geusb-8387 539 11 niels niels PROPN geusb-8387 539 12 reeh reeh VERB geusb-8387 539 13 in in ADP geusb-8387 539 14 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 539 15 land land NOUN geusb-8387 539 16 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 539 17 with with ADP geusb-8387 539 18 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 539 19 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 539 20 s s NOUN geusb-8387 539 21 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 539 22 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 540 1 4 4 NUM geusb-8387 540 2 feature feature NOUN geusb-8387 540 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 540 4 the the DET geusb-8387 540 5 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 540 6 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 540 7 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 541 1 a a DET geusb-8387 541 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 541 3 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 541 4 surface surface NOUN geusb-8387 541 5 velocity velocity NOUN geusb-8387 541 6 along along ADP geusb-8387 541 7 the the DET geusb-8387 541 8 tuto tuto NOUN geusb-8387 541 9 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 541 10 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 541 11 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 541 12 rout rout NOUN geusb-8387 541 13 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 541 14 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 542 1 5 5 NUM geusb-8387 542 2 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 542 3 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 542 4 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 542 5 conditions condition NOUN geusb-8387 542 6 in in ADP geusb-8387 542 7 the the DET geusb-8387 542 8 vicinity vicinity NOUN geusb-8387 542 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 542 10 the the DET geusb-8387 542 11 traverse traverse ADJ geusb-8387 542 12 routes route NOUN geusb-8387 542 13 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 543 1 a a DET geusb-8387 543 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 543 3 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 543 4 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 543 5 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 543 6 development development NOUN geusb-8387 543 7 stage stage NOUN geusb-8387 543 8 asse asse PROPN geusb-8387 543 9 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 543 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 544 1 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 544 2 views view NOUN geusb-8387 544 3 to to ADP geusb-8387 544 4 the the DET geusb-8387 544 5 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 544 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 545 1 a a DET geusb-8387 545 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 545 3 oblique oblique ADJ geusb-8387 545 4 aerial aerial ADJ geusb-8387 545 5 photograph photograph NOUN geusb-8387 545 6 of of ADP geusb-8387 545 7 land land NOUN geusb-8387 545 8 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 545 9 fast fast ADJ geusb-8387 545 10 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 545 11 within within ADP geusb-8387 545 12 uummannap uummannap NOUN geusb-8387 545 13 kanger kanger NOUN geusb-8387 545 14 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 545 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 546 1 7 7 NUM geusb-8387 546 2 map map NOUN geusb-8387 546 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 546 4 a a DET geusb-8387 546 5 primitive primitive ADJ geusb-8387 546 6 road road NOUN geusb-8387 546 7 on on ADP geusb-8387 546 8 the the DET geusb-8387 546 9 nunatarsuaq nunatarsuaq PROPN geusb-8387 546 10 plateau plateau NOUN geusb-8387 546 11 between between ADP geusb-8387 546 12 nunatarsuup nunatarsuup PROPN geusb-8387 546 13 nuua nuua ADV geusb-8387 546 14 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 546 15 kristiansen kristiansen VERB geusb-8387 546 16 poi poi PROPN geusb-8387 546 17 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 546 18 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 547 1 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 547 2 view view NOUN geusb-8387 547 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 547 4 the the DET geusb-8387 547 5 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 547 6 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 548 1 a a DET geusb-8387 548 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 548 3 photograph photograph NOUN geusb-8387 548 4 of of ADP geusb-8387 548 5 a a DET geusb-8387 548 6 relatively relatively ADV geusb-8387 548 7 elevated elevated ADJ geusb-8387 548 8 portion portion NOUN geusb-8387 548 9 of of ADP geusb-8387 548 10 the the DET geusb-8387 548 11 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 548 12 access access PROPN geusb-8387 548 13 road road NOUN geusb-8387 548 14 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 548 15 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 549 1 9 9 NUM geusb-8387 549 2 daily daily ADJ geusb-8387 549 3 air air NOUN geusb-8387 549 4 temperatures temperature NOUN geusb-8387 549 5 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 549 6 cumulative cumulative ADJ geusb-8387 549 7 positive positive ADJ geusb-8387 549 8 degree degree NOUN geusb-8387 549 9 days day NOUN geusb-8387 549 10 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 549 11 pdd pdd NOUN geusb-8387 549 12 ) ) PUNCT geusb-8387 549 13 for for ADP geusb-8387 549 14 all all DET geusb-8387 549 15 available available ADJ geusb-8387 549 16 station station NOUN geusb-8387 549 17 y y PROPN geusb-8387 549 18 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 549 19 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 550 1 10 10 NUM geusb-8387 550 2 crevasse crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 550 3 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 550 4 along along ADP geusb-8387 550 5 the the DET geusb-8387 550 6 nuto nuto NOUN geusb-8387 550 7 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 550 8 tuto tuto PROPN geusb-8387 550 9 approaches approach NOUN geusb-8387 550 10 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 551 1 a a PRON geusb-8387 551 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 551 3 no no DET geusb-8387 551 4 crevasses crevasse NOUN geusb-8387 551 5 are be AUX geusb-8387 551 6 evident evident ADJ geusb-8387 551 7 in in ADP geusb-8387 551 8 the the DET geusb-8387 551 9 abl abl PROPN geusb-8387 551 10 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 551 11 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 552 1 11 11 NUM geusb-8387 552 2 assessing assess VERB geusb-8387 552 3 potential potential ADJ geusb-8387 552 4 hazards hazard NOUN geusb-8387 552 5 along along ADP geusb-8387 552 6 the the DET geusb-8387 552 7 nuto nuto ADJ geusb-8387 552 8 ramp ramp NOUN geusb-8387 552 9 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 553 1 ( ( PUNCT geusb-8387 553 2 a a X geusb-8387 553 3 ): ): PUNCT geusb-8387 553 4 visible visible ADJ geusb-8387 553 5 band band NOUN geusb-8387 553 6 spot spot NOUN geusb-8387 553 7 6 6 NUM geusb-8387 553 8 satellite satellite NOUN geusb-8387 553 9 image image NOUN geusb-8387 553 10 o o NOUN geusb-8387 553 11 fig fig NOUN geusb-8387 553 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 554 1 12 12 NUM geusb-8387 554 2 overview overview NOUN geusb-8387 554 3 of of ADP geusb-8387 554 4 the the DET geusb-8387 554 5 planned plan VERB geusb-8387 554 6 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 554 7 sampling sample VERB geusb-8387 554 8 transect transect NOUN geusb-8387 554 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 554 10 warming warm VERB geusb-8387 554 11 land land NOUN geusb-8387 554 12 adapted adapt VERB geusb-8387 554 13 from from ADP geusb-8387 554 14 macgregor macgregor PROPN geusb-8387 554 15 et et PROPN geusb-8387 554 16     SPACE geusb-8387 554 17 al al PROPN geusb-8387 554 18 . . PROPN geusb-8387 554 19 fig fig PROPN geusb-8387 554 20 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 555 1 13 13 NUM geusb-8387 555 2 photographs photograph NOUN geusb-8387 555 3 highlighting highlight VERB geusb-8387 555 4 the the DET geusb-8387 555 5 light light ADJ geusb-8387 555 6 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 555 7 vehicles vehicle NOUN geusb-8387 555 8 itemised itemise VERB geusb-8387 555 9 in in ADP geusb-8387 555 10 table table NOUN geusb-8387 555 11 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 555 12 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 556 1 a a DET geusb-8387 556 2 : : PUNCT geusb-8387 556 3 snowmobile snowmobile NOUN geusb-8387 556 4 . . PUNCT geusb-8387 557 1 ph ph ADJ geusb-8387 557 2 tables table NOUN geusb-8387 557 3 table table NOUN geusb-8387 557 4 1 1 NUM geusb-8387 557 5 acquisition acquisition NOUN geusb-8387 557 6 dates date NOUN geusb-8387 557 7 of of ADP geusb-8387 557 8 the the DET geusb-8387 557 9 available available ADJ geusb-8387 557 10 landsat landsat PROPN geusb-8387 557 11 8 8 NUM geusb-8387 557 12 cloud cloud NOUN geusb-8387 557 13 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 557 14 free free ADJ geusb-8387 557 15 imagery imagery NOUN geusb-8387 557 16 used use VERB geusb-8387 557 17 for for ADP geusb-8387 557 18 mapping mapping NOUN geusb-8387 557 19 of of ADP geusb-8387 557 20 sea sea NOUN geusb-8387 557 21 - - PUNCT geusb-8387 557 22 ice ice NOUN geusb-8387 557 23 table table NOUN geusb-8387 557 24 2 2 NUM geusb-8387 557 25 observed observe VERB geusb-8387 557 26 mileage mileage NOUN geusb-8387 557 27 and and CCONJ geusb-8387 557 28 payloads payload NOUN geusb-8387 557 29 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 557 30 with with ADP geusb-8387 557 31 calculated calculate VERB geusb-8387 557 32 carbon carbon NOUN geusb-8387 557 33 efficiencies efficiency NOUN geusb-8387 557 34 , , PUNCT geusb-8387 557 35 of of ADP geusb-8387 557 36 differing differ VERB geusb-8387 557 37 traverse traverse NOUN geusb-8387 557 38 ve ve VERB