Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 15, 2008, 1-7 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND MINISTRY OF CLIMATE AND ENERGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND BULLETIN 15 • 2008 Review of Survey activities 2007 Edited by Ole Bennike and A.K. Higgins Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 15 Keywords Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, survey organisations, current research, Denmark, Greenland. Cover photographs from left to right 1. Field work in West Greenland. Photo: Jakob Lautrup. 2. Field work in the mo-clay region of Denmark. Photo: Stig A. Schack Pedersen. 3. Wind mills in Denmark. GEUS has been mapping the geology of new offshore wind mill farm areas. Photo: Jørn Bo Jensen. 4. Launching of seismic equipment from the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the LOMROG (Lomonosov Ridge off Greenland) cruise to the Arctic Ocean in 2007. Photo: Martin Jakobsson, Stockholm University. Frontispiece: facing page As part of the Danish Continental Shelf Project (http://a76.dk) bathymetric, seismic and gravimetric data were acquired in August and September 2007 during the LOMROG cruise in the Arctic Ocean north of Greenland. The LOMROG project is a co-operation between insti- tutions in Denmark, Sweden and other nations. Results from the LOMROG cruise will be published in forthcoming years. Photo: Martin Jakobsson, Stockholm University. Chief editor of this series: Adam A. Garde Editorial board of this series: John A. Korstgård, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Aarhus; Minik Rosing, Geological Museum, University of Copenhagen; Finn Surlyk, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen Scientific editors: Ole Bennike and A.K. Higgins Editorial secretaries: Jane Holst and Esben W. Glendal Referees: (DK = Denmark; numbers refer to first page of reviewed article): Troels Aagaard, DK (85); Anonymous (41, 45, 53, 61, 89); Geo Arnold, Holland (81); Niels Balling, DK (53); Björn E. Berglund, Sweden (57); Morten Bjerager, DK (13); Lars Ole Boldreel, DK (37); Ilke Borowski, Germany (81); Jens Bruun-Petersen, DK (37); Bjørn Buchardt, DK (13, 89); Ashton Embry, Canada (65); Ida Fabricius, DK (17); Clark Friend, UK (73); Henrik Friis, DK (9); Thomas Frisch, Canada (77); Ole Graversen, DK (25); Bent Hasholt, DK (61); Claus Heilmann-Clausen, DK (29); Claus Heinberg, DK (29); Julie A. Hollis, Australia (69, 73); Mads Huuse, UK (33); Rasmus Jacobsen, DK (45); Kurt Kjær, DK (33); Jens Konnerup-Madsen, DK (69); John A. Korstgård, DK (25); Lars Kristiansen, DK (21); Nicolaj Krog Larsen, Sweden (41, 49); Ole Bjørslev Nielsen, DK (21); Henrik Olsen, DK (49); Ian Parsons, UK (9); John S. Peel, Sweden (77); Heikki Seppä, Finland (57); Martin Sønderholm, DK (65, 93); Ole V. Vejbæk, DK (17); Jim Williamson, UK (93). (Page nos corrected Aug. 2009) Illustrations: Jette Halskov Lay-out and graphic production: Annabeth Andersen Printers: Schultz Grafisk, Albertslund, Denmark Manuscripts submitted: 4 February – 17 March 2008 Final versions approved: 28 May 2008 Printed: 10 July 2008 ISSN 1603-9769 (Review of Survey activities) ISSN 1604-8156 (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin) ISBN 978-87-7871-213-4 Citation of the name of this series It is recommended that the name of this series is cited in full, viz. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin. If abbreviation of this volume is necessary, the following form is suggested: Geol. Surv. Den. Green. Bull. 15, 96 pp. Available from Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) • Øster Voldgade 10 • DK-1350 Copenhagen K • Denmark Phone: +45 38 14 20 00, fax: +45 38 14 20 50, e-mail: geus@geus.dk © De Nationale Geologiske Undersøgelser for Danmark og Grønland (GEUS), 2008 For the full text of the GEUS copyright clause, please refer to www.geus.dk/publications/bull 4 7. Review of Survey activities 2007 F.G. Christiansen 9. Diagenesis influencing the porosity of Upper Jurassic reservoir sandstones, Danish North Sea R. Weibel and N. Keulen 13. Correlation of carbon isotope events in the Danish Upper Cretaceous chalk N.H. Schovsbo, S.L. Rasmussen, E. Sheldon and L. Stemmerik 17. Geophysical imaging of porosity variations in the Danish North Sea chalk T. Abramovitz 21. Palaeogene diatomite deposits in Denmark: geological investigations and applied aspects S.A.S. Pedersen 25. Cenozoic palaeogeography and isochores predating the Neogene exhumation of the eastern North Sea Basin P. Japsen, E.S. Rasmussen, P.F. Green, L.H. Nielsen and T. Bidstrup 29. A new Neogene biostratigraphy for Denmark K. Dybkjær and S. Piasecki 33. Mapping of buried tunnel valleys in Denmark: new perspectives for the inter- pretation of the Quaternary succession F. Jørgensen and P.B.E. Sandersen 37. Base Quaternary in the Danish parts of the North Sea and Skagerrak T. Nielsen, A. Mathiesen and M. Bryde-Auken 41. Geology of outer Horns Rev, Danish North Sea J.B. Jensen, P. Gravesen and S. Lomholt Ghana Uganda Tanzania Mozambique Latvia Greenland Canada UK Norway Faroe Islands Kenya Estonia Spain Poland Chile Germany Sw ed en The Netherlands Denmark Lithuania Brazil Madagascar Malawi Zambia Yemen GEUS working areas 2007. Orange areas are covered in this volume. For further information on other working areas please refer to our website: www.geus.dk/international 5 45. Use of geochemistry in groundwater vulnerability mapping in Denmark B. Hansen and L. Thorling 49. Sedimentary facies and architecture of the Holocene to Recent Rømø barrier island in the Danish Wadden Sea P.N. Johannessen, L.H. Nielsen, L. Nielsen, I. Møller, M. Pejrup, T.J. Andersen, J. Korshøj, B. Larsen and S. Piasecki 53. Evidence of stretching of the lithosphere under Denmark S. Gregersen, L.V. Nielsen and P. Voss 57. Environmental response to the cold climate event 8200 years ago as recorded at Højby Sø, Denmark P. Rasmussen, M.U. Hede, N. Noe-Nygaard, A.L. Clarke and R.D. Vinebrooke 61. A new programme for monitoring the mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet A.P. Ahlstrøm and the PROMICE project team 65. The north-east Baffin Bay region, offshore Greenland – a new frontier petroleum exploration region U. Gregersen 69. Geochemistry of greenstones in the Tasiusarsuaq terrane, southern West Greenland A. Scherstén, H. Stendal and T. Næraa 73. New zircon ages from the Tasiusarsuaq terrane, southern West Greenland T. Næraa and A. Scherstén 77. Hans Ø, celebrated island of Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada: from dog-sledge to satellite mapping P.R. Dawes and T. Tukiainen 81. From science to practice in implementing the European Union’s Water Framework Directive L.F. Jørgensen, J.C. Refsgaard and A.L. Højberg 85. KenSea – tsunami damage modelling for coastal areas of Kenya J. Tychsen, O. Geertz-Hansen and F. Schjøth 89. Laser ablation analysis of bivalve shells – archives of environmental information M.H. Klünder, D. Hippler, R. Witbaard and D. Frei 93. Fully automated analysis of grain chemistry, size and morphology by CCSEM: examples from cement production and diamond exploration N. Keulen, D. Frei, S. Bernstein, M.T. Hutchison, C. Knudsen and L. Jensen Thailand Laos PDR Vietnam Mongolia Phillipines Cambodia 7 After a very critical period with a major reorganisation of the scientific environment in Denmark, 2007 created new stabil- ity for the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). A new law describing the role of GEUS was passed by the Danish Parliament in the spring, followed by changes in top management and a newly formalised collaboration between GEUS, the University of Copenhagen and the Uni - ver sity of Aarhus – the so-called Geocenter Denmark. This collaboration is very promising and will provide a much bet- ter chance of integrating young scientists in research activities. This fifth annual issue describes selected activities that GEUS and its partners carry out in Denmark, Greenland and internationally. Together with the previous four issues it pro- vides a good overview of the many different types of activities and projects, the advisory capacity and analytical services available from GEUS. This 2007 review contains a total of 22 four-page papers, 13 on Denmark, five on Greenland and four with the focus on methodology or international work. Compared to the previous four that were biased towards Greenland, this issue has a majority of papers related to activities in Denmark: oil and gas, deep crustal structure, offshore wind farms, coastal processes in the Danish Wadden Sea (Vadehavet), groundwa- ter vulnerability, raw materials, Neogene and Quaternary his- tory, and palaeoclimate. Chalk is the main key to the good national economy of Denmark. Better understanding of the depositional and dia- genetic processes that formed the chalk and the petrophysical properties of this prolific rock is necessary to exploit the petroleum potential offshore. Chalk is covered in two papers in this issue, while two other papers on diagenesis and ex - humation are also important for understanding the petro- leum potential of Denmark. The deep crustal structure under Denmark is presented in one paper and Danish raw materi- als are described in a paper on the diatomite deposits of the Palaeogene Fur Formation. Today climate changes and resultant adaptation are in focus. Several papers are important in this context, especially on coastal processes, understanding of the Neogene and Qua - ternary history, variation in palaeoclimate and monitoring of the ice sheet in Greenland. A dramatic increase in oil and metal prices in recent years – together with abundant new targets for exploration – is the background for the boom within the oil and mining indus- tries in Greenland. The number of licences – and the area covered by them – is historically large. Previous and ongoing research and mapping activities together with an easy access to critical data at GEUS have been very important in the process of attracting industry to Greenland. New possibilities within both the oil and mineral industries are described in papers on the sedimentary basins of Baffin Bay and on the basement terrains in south-western Greenland. The research history of the disputed island Hans Ø in Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada is also outlined in one article. Two papers describe the development of new analytical techniques, one on the automatic use of computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) very important in exploration and for quality control of industrial materials; and the other one on the use of laser ablation - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for envi- ronmental studies of bivalves. GEUS is active in international collaboration through the EU and has ongoing activities in many different countries, especially in south-east Asia and Africa. In this issue there is one paper on tsunami damage modelling in Kenya and another on implementing the EU’s Water Framework Directive. In the summer of 2007 GEUS in collaboration with other Danish and Swedish institutions and the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat acquired data in the area north of Green - land as part of the Danish Continental Shelf Project (see frontispiece). This project aims to acquire the necessary tech- nical data to support a Danish claim for extending the juridi- cal continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles before 2014. Review of Survey activities 2007 Flemming G. Christiansen Deputy Director © GEUS, 2008. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 15, 7 only. Available at: www.geus.dk/publications/bull