item: #1 of 62
          id: gsrj-10
      author: Adams, Danya; Kaliss, Nicholas; Missner, Alexander; Valentine , Mary Meg
       title: The Interplay of Nicotine and Social Stress Mediate Dopaminergic Neuron Firing in the Ventral Tegmental Area - Nucleus Accumbens Pathway, Contributing to Stress and Depressive Mood Disorders. 
        date: 2021
       words: 6180
      flesch: 45
     summary: Graph b shows VTA DA neuron frequency and bursting activity in mice without the nAChR knockout, while graph c shows VTA DA neuronal activity GPS�NJDF�XJUI�UIF�LOPDLPVU�� 'JHVSFT�UBLFO�GSPN� .PSFM�FU�BM� ������� � � Additionally, knockout mice did not exhibit social aversion, contrasting the typical results of SD on wild type mice (Figure 2). While other pathways such as the prefrontal cortex have a larger effect on REM duration, NAc was still � TJHOJGJDBOU�JO�NPEVMBUJOH�BSPVTBM���� � � � 5IFTF� GJOEJOHT� BSF� JNQPSUBOU� CFDBVTF� UIFZimplicate VTA dopamine in mediating stress and sleep-like behaviors.
    keywords: activity; brain; dopamine; effects; firing; ltp; mice; nac; neurons; nicotine; pathway; sleep; stress; vta; � uif; � �
       cache: gsrj-10.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-10.txt

        item: #2 of 62
          id: gsrj-11
      author: Dias, Maria Victoria; Isom, Bridgitte; Poole, Katherine; Triplett, Sofia; Sadanandan, Nadia
       title: Evaluating the Efficacy of Targeted Inhibitor Therapeutics for Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma: Significant Milestones and Current Limitations
        date: 2021
       words: 7279
      flesch: 44
     summary: Therefore, this review serves as an important resource because it 86 Georgetown Scientific Research Journal https://doi.org/10.48091/ATJH8708 presents a summary and evaluation of findings regarding the efficacy of SHH inhibitors, as well as potential future steps to eventually use these therapeutics in clinical practice. Overall, these clinical trials indicate that while both vismodegib and sonidegib show substantial promise as SHH inhibitors in MB, several limitations to their efficacy still need to be overcome.
    keywords: efficacy; hedgehog; inhibitors; mutations; pathway; patients; research; shh; shh inhibitors; shh mb; shh pathway; treatment; tumor; vismodegib
       cache: gsrj-11.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-11.txt

        item: #3 of 62
          id: gsrj-12
      author: Le, Ariel; Makenzie Thomas; Brady Stallman; Kathryn Meadows; Vidya Bhargava
       title: Refractory Epilepsy: Mechanisms of Pharmacoresistance
        date: 2021
       words: 5580
      flesch: 37
     summary: With P-gp overexpression identified as the lead cause of refractory epilepsy, the focus shifts towards improving the standard of care for refractory epilepsy patients through the proposed treatment method of P-gp inhibition. This review specifically considers Tariquidar (TQD) the most promising P-gp inhibitor for refractory epilepsy treatment.
    keywords: aed; aeds; brain; drug; epilepsy; overexpression; refractory; tqd; treatment
       cache: gsrj-12.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-12.txt

        item: #4 of 62
          id: gsrj-14
      author: Adams, Danya ; Shahrour, Nesreen
       title: Letter From the Editor
        date: 2021
       words: 415
      flesch: 34
     summary: Since the journal’s founding in the fall of 2020, our mission has been to provide a professional, open-access platform for student researchers to publish their work in order to celebrate the scientific accomplishments of the Georgetown student body. Our semesterly issues, along with weekly student highlights, biweekly faculty highlights, and research-oriented events, strive to encourage members of the Georgetown community to pursue and explore research both in and outside of the classroom.
    keywords: research; student
       cache: gsrj-14.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-14.txt

        item: #5 of 62
          id: gsrj-15
      author: none
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2021
       words: 822
      flesch: 52
     summary: Maria Victoria Dias Maria Victoria Dias is a sophomore from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, majoring in human science in the NHS and is on the pre- med track. Meet the Authors Bridgitte Isom Bridgitte Isom is a !rst-year student from Miami, FL studying human science in the School of Nursing and Health Studies.
    keywords: georgetown; health; human; science
       cache: gsrj-15.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-15.txt

        item: #6 of 62
          id: gsrj-16
      author: none
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2021
       words: 275
      flesch: 24
     summary: ‘22 Joy Chung, COL. ‘24 Alexandra Glezer, NHS ‘24 Sylvia Lorenzini, Post-Bac Alexander Missner, COL. ‘21 Faculty Reviewers Thomas Coate, PhD. | GU COL, Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Ronald Davis, PhD. | GU COL, Dept. of Chemistry Jeffrey Huang, PhD. | GU COL, Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Kathleen Maguire-Zeiss, PhD. | GUMC, Dept. of Neuroscience Manus Patten, PhD. | GU COL, Dept. of Biology, Environmental Biology Michael Parker, PhD. | GU COL, Assistant Dean Joan Riley, MS | GU NHS, Dept. of Human Science Special Thanks To the GSRJ’s Executive Board and Content Board for their contributions to the publication. Publication Team Layout Editor | Alanna Cronk, COL. ‘23 Cover Design | Layan Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Danya Adams, COL.
    keywords: col
       cache: gsrj-16.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-16.txt

        item: #7 of 62
          id: gsrj-18
      author: Sofia Flynn
       title: An Investigation Into the Mathematics of Decryption Techniques in RSA Encryption, With an Implementation in Python 
        date: 2021
       words: 6360
      flesch: 58
     summary: In RSA, the types of semi-prime numbers utilized are typically around 600 digits long. Semi-prime numbers of such magnitudes take a huge amount of time to factor using current technologies.
    keywords: decryption; iterations; key; message; number; program; value
       cache: gsrj-18.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-18.txt

        item: #8 of 62
          id: gsrj-19
      author: Mullangi, Vidya; Shah, Nikita ; Nam, Hyunwook ; Asch, Alexa; Cox, Lauren ; Mendoza, Clarisa
       title: GPR40 and Postsynaptic NMDA Receptors: A Pair Against Epilepsy
        date: 2021
       words: 3948
      flesch: 43
     summary: In summary, Yang et al. found that increased GPR40 expression resulted in decreased binding to the NMDA receptor subunit NR2B which resulted in neuroprotective effects. The GPR40 and NMDA receptor interactions studied by Yang et al. showed an 25 Georgetown Scientific Research Journal increase in GPR40 expression.
    keywords: brain; epilepsy; expression; figure; gpr40; nr2b; receptor; research; seizures
       cache: gsrj-19.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-19.txt

        item: #9 of 62
          id: gsrj-20
      author: Brown, Denzell
       title: The Burn Behind the Bullet: Understanding Black Mothers’ Experiences After Losing a Child to Gun Violence in Washington, DC-Baltimore City Metropolitan Region 
        date: 2021
       words: 7518
      flesch: 44
     summary: Introduction Throughout the United States of America, a disproportionate number of Black youths become homicide victims of gun violence annually, and every year Black mothers nationally have to deal with the psychological consequences of the death of their own child. Therefore, Black mothers face the multiplying effects of racism and sexism while simultaneously experiencing forms of complicated maternal grief that emerge from losing a child to gun violence.
    keywords: b.m.c.g.v; child; coping; death; grief; growth; gun; gun violence; mothers; post; research; stress; study
       cache: gsrj-20.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-20.txt

        item: #10 of 62
          id: gsrj-21
      author: He, Britney
       title: Cancer Models to Defeat Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
        date: 2021
       words: 10854
      flesch: 42
     summary: Additionally, GEM-SLN is effective on both PPCL-46 cultures and established commercially available cell lines, 50 Georgetown Scientific Research Journal indicating moderate effectiveness in addressing the heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer cells. Targeted CRISPR screening identifies PRMT5 as synthetic lethality combinatorial target with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells.
    keywords: cancer; cancer cells; cancer research; cell; cultures; drug; et al; gem; gemcitabine; journal; mice; models; pancreatic; pdac; research; resistance; treatment; tumor
       cache: gsrj-21.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-21.txt

        item: #11 of 62
          id: gsrj-22
      author: Adams, Danya ; Shahrour, Nesreen
       title: Letter From the Editors
        date: 2021
       words: 362
      flesch: 39
     summary: These unanticipated changes students made to the way they conduct research are inspiring to the research community as a whole and show their passion and desire to further scientific research despite the many new challenges we face. This issue presents many fascinating and thought-provoking studies: a new, original program for decryption techniques on python, a review about the target receptor GPR40 for epilepsy treatment, original research regarding the psychological healing of Black women in the DC area following losing a child to gun violence, and a review of cancer models in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy.
    keywords: research
       cache: gsrj-22.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-22.txt

        item: #12 of 62
          id: gsrj-23
      author: Adams, Danya
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2021
       words: 435
      flesch: 45
     summary: In the future, she would love to attend medical school and expand her knowledge of neuroscience. After graduating, Cox hopes to apply to medical school while maintaining her involvement in neurobiology-based research.
    keywords: junior; majoring
       cache: gsrj-23.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-23.txt

        item: #13 of 62
          id: gsrj-24
      author: Adams, Danya
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2021
       words: 220
      flesch: 16
     summary: ‘22 Joy Chung, COL. ‘24 Alexandra Glezer, NHS ‘24 Martin Shih, COL. ‘24 Faculty Reviewers Haiyan He, PhD. | GU COL, Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Kathleen Maguire-Zeiss, PhD. | GUMC, Dept. of Neuroscience Jami Montgomery, PhD. | GU COL, Dept. of Computer Science Michael Parker, PhD. | GU COL, Assistant Dean Special Thanks To the GSRJ’s Executive Board and Content Board for their contributions to the publication. ‘21 Nesreen Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Editorial Team Editor-in-Chief | Danya Adams, COL. ‘21 Executive Editor | Nesreen Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Senior Editors Fadilah Farrin, NHS ‘24 Nicholas Kaliss, COL. ‘21 Grace Khaner, NHS ‘22 Kavya Shah, SFS ‘24 Alexander Missner, COL. ‘21 Junior Editors Alexandra Alkhayer, COL. ‘24 Lucas Biran, COL. ‘23 Rachel Cherelstein, COL.
    keywords: col
       cache: gsrj-24.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-24.txt

        item: #14 of 62
          id: gsrj-25
      author: Adams, Danya
       title: Meet the Staff
        date: 2021
       words: 202
      flesch: -164
     summary: Meet the Staff Danya Adams President, Editor-in-Chief Nesreen Shahrour Vice President, Executive Editor Mikail Husain Operations Director Layan Shahrour Communications & Creative Director Orion Gangopadhyay University Liaison 67 Meet the Staff Janis Park Events Coordinator Peter DiGiovanni Treasurer Alanna Cronk Publication Manager, Student Highlights Writer Fadilah Farrin Senior Editor Nicholas Kaliss Senior Editor 68 Meet the Staff Grace Khaner Senior Editor Sylvia Lorenzini Senior Editor Kavya Shah Senior Editor Alexander Missner Senior Editor Alexandra Alkhayer Junior Editor 69 Meet the Staff Lucas Biran Junior Editor Rachel Cherelstein Junior Editor Joy Chung Junior Editor Alexandra Glezer Junior Editor Martin Shih Junior Editor 70 Meet the Staff Dilan Gangopadhyay Faculty Highlights Writer Christina Zhu Faculty Highlights Writer Anndy Serrano-Marcillo Student Highlights Writer Trevor Hu Resources Analyst Cindy Munkhgerel Resources Analyst 71 Table of Contents Letter From the Editors An Investigation Into the Mathematics of DecryptionTechniques in RSA Encryption,With an Implementation in Python GPR40 and Postsynaptic NMDA Receptors: A Pair Against Epilepsy The Burn Behind the Bullet: Understanding Black Mothers’ Experiences After Losing a Child to Gun Violence in Washington,DC-Baltimore City Metropolitan Region Cancer Models to Defeat Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma About the Authors Meet the Staff Acknowledgements
    keywords: editor; junior
       cache: gsrj-25.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-25.txt

        item: #15 of 62
          id: gsrj-26
      author: Aminpour, Ariyand
       title: Energy Security in Poland: Where the Energy Sector Falls Short and Where It Can Go
        date: 2022
       words: 3089
      flesch: 43
     summary: Domestic Energy Ambitions Poland is currently trying to implement policies that increase energy security through domestic energy initiatives and transitions to cleaner energy sources.5 This can be seen in the federal government’s plans of Poland’s Energy Policy by 2030 (PEP2030), which has since been updated to PEP2040.6 PEP2040, officially released in 2020, plans to reduce coal reliance by cutting the fuel from 80% to 60% of the national power generation mix; this will then be followed by an ambitious decline to 22% by 2040.6 This reduction in coal reliance is fueled by planned investment in new energy sources such as nuclear energy. Since nuclear energy is currently not contributing to Poland’s energy or power generation mix, this would be a large step for Poland in achieving more energy security through diversification.3 Additionally, nuclear power development would contribute to the environmental sustainability aspect of energy security because nuclear power is notably cleaner than coal; a coal plant on average will put out 704 to 709kg of sulfur dioxide per Gigawatt hour (GWh), 717-721kg of nitrous oxides per GWh, and 150kg of dust per GWh.9 According to PEP2040A, a nuclear plant will emit zero air pollutants through the technology of Generation III and III+ reactors.7 Nuclear plants, however, create high, intermediate, and low-level radioactive waste that must be properly contained and managed through compaction.9 Radioactive waste is not a significant safety concern because Generation III and III+ reactors are regulated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and equipped with technology that allows them to run safely for approximately 60 years.8
    keywords: coal; country; energy; generation; nuclear; poland; power; security
       cache: gsrj-26.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-26.txt

        item: #16 of 62
          id: gsrj-28
      author: McIntosh, Cathilyn; Wimp, Gina 
       title: Impacts of Climate Change on Mycorrhizal Fungi in Salt Marsh Habitats
        date: 2022
       words: 4905
      flesch: 45
     summary: Understanding how climate change impacts soil communities will allow us to better predict the outcomes of worsening climate conditions and employ more effective conservation plans in these areas. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) symbionts are key organisms in salt marsh habitats and are known to influence the following processes and factors: plant zonation, plant resource competition, plant productivity, plant genetic diversity, soil C sequestration, soil C:N:P ratios, saprotrophic bacterial population and diversity, soil stability, and litter decomposition.
    keywords: amf; change; decomposition; fungi; marsh; mycorrhizal; plant; rates; salt; soil
       cache: gsrj-28.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-28.txt

        item: #17 of 62
          id: gsrj-29
      author: Bond, James
       title: CRISPR and COVID-19: Lessons Learned to Prepare for the Next Pathogen
        date: 2022
       words: 9237
      flesch: 47
     summary: CRISPR diagnostic tests offer certain advantages over gold standard RT-PCR tests, including accessibility, sample-to-answer reporting time, and convenience. COVID-19 has demonstrated that an outbreak anywhere is a threat everywhere, and the low-cost, portable, and easy-to-use characteristics of CRISPR diagnostic tests could be leveraged to rapidly contain pathogens.
    keywords: cas; countermeasure; cov-2; covid-19; crispr; defender; disease; doi; editing; gene; health; pandemic; pathogen; report; research; sars; scientific; systems; testing; tests; use
       cache: gsrj-29.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-29.txt

        item: #18 of 62
          id: gsrj-31
      author: Nemecek, Amanda; Crowell, Nancy; Riley, Joan
       title: The Impacts on Well-being of Undergraduate College Students Serving in a Resident Assistant Role
        date: 2022
       words: 3463
      flesch: 59
     summary: 6. Conclusions As student RAs are often at the frontlines of student support, universities must take measures to ensure the students in these RA roles are able to flourish. There were no significant correlations between number of previous years of student RA experience and well-being over the course of the semester (Wilks’ Lambda: 0.491).
    keywords: correlation; journal; levels; ras; semester; student; support
       cache: gsrj-31.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-31.txt

        item: #19 of 62
          id: gsrj-33
      author: Shytle, Elizabeth
       title: Trends in Pro-Gun Control Tweets Surrounding a Mass Shooting Event Suggest Time-Dependent Changes in Public Response
        date: 2023
       words: 3289
      flesch: 57
     summary: Dates analyzed for mass shooting data. It was hypothesized that there would be more Tweets that opposed gun control 1-7 days before each mass shooting but fewer Tweets that opposed gun control 72 hours after each mass shooting.
    keywords: control; data; days; gun; mass; shooting; tweets
       cache: gsrj-33.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-33.txt

        item: #20 of 62
          id: gsrj-37
      author: Shahrour, Layan; Shahrour, Nesreen
       title: Letter From the Editors
        date: 2022
       words: 418
      flesch: 40
     summary: This publication presents many fascinating and thought-provoking studies: CRISPR and COVID-19, climate change and fungi in salt marshes, energy security in Poland, and the wellbeing of college students serving in a resident assistant role. Students 5 wrote literature reviews and analyzed data in their never-ending pursuit to answer noble questions in their5 fields of interest.
    keywords: research; students
       cache: gsrj-37.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-37.txt

        item: #21 of 62
          id: gsrj-38
      author: none
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2022
       words: 237
      flesch: 24
     summary: ‘22 Joy Chung, COL. ‘24 William DiGiovanni, COL. ‘25 Giselle Rasquinha, COL. ‘25 Alexandria Sorensen, COL. ‘25 Editor-in-Chief Emerita | Danya Adams, NIMH, COL. ‘21 Faculty Reviewers Ronald Davis, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Chemistry Manus Patten, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Biology, Environmental Biology Michael Parker, PhD. | GU COL., Assistant Dean Special Thanks To the GSR Journal’s Executive and Content Board for their contributions to the publication. Publication Team Publication Editor | Alanna Cronk, COL. ‘23 Cover Design | Layan Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Danya Adams, COL. ‘21 Lucas Biran, COL. ‘23 Nesreen Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, COL. ‘25 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief | Nesreen Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Executive Editor | Layan Shahrour, NHS ‘23 Senior Editors Lucas Biran, COL. ‘23 Jacqueline ( Jackie) Chen, COL. ‘25 Grace Khaner, NHS ‘22 Kavya Shah, SFS ‘24 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, COL. ‘25 Junior Editors Alexandra Alkhayer, COL. ‘24 Rachel Cherelstein, COL.
    keywords: col
       cache: gsrj-38.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-38.txt

        item: #22 of 62
          id: gsrj-39
      author: Adams, Danya
       title: Letter From the Editor-in-Chief Emerita
        date: 2022
       words: 438
      flesch: 40
     summary: These recent biological discoveries and technological innovations including vaccine technology, gene therapy, 3D brain mapping, and stem cell technology have been spearheaded by scientists across the world. 5 Join me in commending Georgetown University student researchers for driving discoveries in the research field 5 as we enter this 5new biological age.
    keywords: age; research
       cache: gsrj-39.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-39.txt

        item: #23 of 62
          id: gsrj-40
      author: none
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2022
       words: 251
      flesch: 47
     summary: James Bond James Bond is a senior in the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, majoring in Science, Technology and International Affairs. Ariyand Aminpour Ariyand Aminpour is an Urban Health Security Research Fellow at Georgetown University’s Center for Global Health Science and Security.
    keywords: georgetown
       cache: gsrj-40.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-40.txt

        item: #24 of 62
          id: gsrj-41
      author: Miranda Wesley
       title: Increasing COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in the United States: Addressing Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy through Effective Communications & Reform
        date: 2022
       words: 11592
      flesch: 45
     summary: To increase uptake among those who are still hesitant of COVID-19 vaccines, the American healthcare and education system must go through reform to ensure healthcare for all and address systemic racism. In addition, distrust in COVID-19 vaccines closely followed side effects as the top reason among the general employed U.S. population.22 One article also found that concerns about becoming infected from the vaccine and finding the virus to be less serious than public speculation differed between races as some of the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy.32 14 Georgetown Scientific Research Journal Table 4: Top reason for hesitancy by number and percentage of articles (N = 28)*.
    keywords: adults; articles; covid-19; covid-19 vaccine; effects; health; hesitancy; journal; population; reasons; research; states; survey; u.s; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine hesitancy
       cache: gsrj-41.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-41.txt

        item: #25 of 62
          id: gsrj-42
      author: Romero, Isabella; Kaye, Avery; Poulin, Camille; Petersen, Mary Ellen
       title: An Analysis of the Effects of Frequency and Type of Physical Activity on Self-Esteem in Adolescent Males
        date: 2022
       words: 5087
      flesch: 47
     summary: Consequently, my research group postulated that if male college students perform endurance exercise, rather than strength exercise, then they will have a higher level of self-esteem. The study was designed to ascertain whether performing endurance exercise at a high frequency contributes to a higher level of self- esteem in male college students than those who practice strength exercise at a low frequency.
    keywords: activity; endurance; esteem; exercise; frequency; level; self; study; type
       cache: gsrj-42.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-42.txt

        item: #26 of 62
          id: gsrj-44
      author: Schwartz, A.B
       title: Addressing American Obesity: A policy proposal
        date: 2022
       words: 2773
      flesch: 60
     summary: An individual policy’s actions will never cause a complete shift in the obesity landscape, but in conjunction with educational and structural changes, adjusting food prices to reflect nutritional value is a necessary component for success. Franck, C., Grandi, S. M., & Eisenberg, M. J. (2013).
    keywords: food; health; journal; obesity; tax
       cache: gsrj-44.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-44.txt

        item: #27 of 62
          id: gsrj-46
      author: Kalra, Shreya; Parker , Michael 
       title: The Select Agent Regulations: Structure and Stricture 
        date: 2022
       words: 5307
      flesch: 36
     summary: In this inventory, the RO must include the characteristics, source, date of acquisition, and vial quantity of select agents, as well as an explanation for any inventory discrepancies.7 Additionally, each laboratory must develop a safety plan in accordance with the CDC and NIH guidelines for work with recombinant DNA.7 To this end, laboratories must implement and Georgetown Scientific Research Journal document a site-specific security plan that addresses: inventory control procedures; education and experience criteria for those with access to agents; rules regarding cleaning, maintenance, and repair; provisions for training employees in security procedures; provisions for securing select agent areas; provisions for loss of means to enter to select agent areas (i.e.: keys, passwords, etc.); inspection of all packages that enter and exit the area; and protocol for select agent transfers between entities. However, while there does exist an evident need for effective regulations surrounding certain pathogens and toxins, the bureaucratic and inordinate nature of the existing regulations has created significant regulatory and financial burdens in conducting select agent research.
    keywords: agents; collections; health; public; regulations; research; sars; scientific; security; time; transfer
       cache: gsrj-46.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-46.txt

        item: #28 of 62
          id: gsrj-48
      author: Thiru, Shankar
       title: An Evaluation of the Human Impact of Climatic Factors in Cook County, Illinois
        date: 2022
       words: 2443
      flesch: 52
     summary: However, what may not be immediately apparent are its local effects; the local manifestations of climate change in Cook County, Illinois are alarming. Another example of the inequities in who bears the burden of climate change can be seen in the Cook County confined disposal facility (CDF), which has been on the lakefront since 1984.11 The CDF is a holding facility for material dredged from the lake.
    keywords: change; chicago; climate; cook; county; temperature
       cache: gsrj-48.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-48.txt

        item: #29 of 62
          id: gsrj-49
      author: Ashat, Daniel; Tepper, Nicole; Pawlow, Caroline
       title: An Evaluation of Food Insecurity in the D.C. Community
        date: 2022
       words: 3872
      flesch: 49
     summary: 2. D.C. Specific Resources, Programs, and Policies available to address Food Insecurity & Public Health Concerns The Washington D.C. government has taken steps to increase food access among vulnerable populations. The process represented an individual effort towards increasing nutritional literacy, demonstrating how understanding food preparation is a core aspect of food access.
    keywords: access; community; d.c; deserts; food; grocery; health; income; insecurity; journal; nutrition
       cache: gsrj-49.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-49.txt

        item: #30 of 62
          id: gsrj-5
      author: Victoria Boatwright; Fox-Kemper, Ph.D., Baylor
       title: Biological and Physical Interactions at Local Ocean Scales: Coupled Systems
        date: 2021
       words: 4689
      flesch: 43
     summary: 9 Georgetown Scientific Research Journal https://doi.org/10.48091/DNPR7287 Overall, observational studies of global patterns in mixed layer depths show a broad correlation between surface temperature and mixed layer depth, as shown in Figure 2, although a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms shaping mixed layer depth is still under active research. Phytoplankton behavior affects ocean mixed layer dynamics through biological!physical feedback mechanisms.
    keywords: depth; journal; layer; marine; ocean; physical; phytoplankton; regions; research; submesoscale; surface; temperature
       cache: gsrj-5.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-5.txt

        item: #31 of 62
          id: gsrj-50
      author: Modi, Kush; Joseph, Tony 
       title: Analysis of the Relationship between PARP1 and BRCA1 Suggests PARP1 Gene Has a Role in Breast Cancer
        date: 2023
       words: 5595
      flesch: 51
     summary: Hence, PARP1 inhibitors have become essential in BRCA1-mutated breast cancers. UniProt database was used to investigate the mechanism by which PARP1 repairs the breaks in DNA strands and how PARP1 inhibitors can be used to inhibit this function of the PARP1 protein.
    keywords: brca1; breast; cancer; cells; dna; gene; inhibitors; mutations; parp1; parp1 inhibitors; repair; research; tissues
       cache: gsrj-50.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-50.txt

        item: #32 of 62
          id: gsrj-51
      author: McLaughlin, Madelyn; Riley, Joan; Dash, Chiranjeev; Adams-Campbell, Lucile; Tercyak, Kenneth
       title: Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Low-Income, Underserved Children in the Greater DC and Hackensack, NJ Metropolitan Areas
        date: 2023
       words: 4766
      flesch: 46
     summary: This underscores the need for providers to make HPV vaccine recommendations a priority to improve the health and well-being of their communities. Why boys are not getting HPV vaccine and how to fix this.
    keywords: barriers; children; health; hesitancy; hpv; knowledge; mistrust; parents; provider; vaccination; vaccine
       cache: gsrj-51.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-51.txt

        item: #33 of 62
          id: gsrj-55
      author: Shaw, Britney; Kuwahara, Lindsey; Gao, Amanda
       title: Best Practices for Health Literacy Education for English Language Learners
        date: 2023
       words: 5627
      flesch: 40
     summary: Observed success in virtual health literacy education supports developing partnerships for future implementation of health literacy courses in rural, under- resourced, and/or immigrant communities by pre-health college students. Studying health literacy and engaging in experiential learning provides an important foundation for pre-health undergraduates to learn about how health can be influenced by one’s culture.
    keywords: class; course; education; english; georgetown; health; health literacy; instructors; journal; language; learning; literacy; nutrition; students
       cache: gsrj-55.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-55.txt

        item: #34 of 62
          id: gsrj-56
      author: Shahrour, Nesreen
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2022
       words: 265
      flesch: -17
     summary: Publication Team Publication Editor | Alanna Cronk, COL. ‘23 Cover Design | Layan Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Danya Adams, COL. ‘21 Ikram Muhammedsani, SOH ‘25 Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief | Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Executive Editor | Layan Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Senior Editors Lucas Biran, COL. ‘23 Doha Maaty, SOH ‘23 Fadilah Farrin, SOH ‘24 Kavya Shah, SFS ‘24 Jacqueline ( Jackie) Chen, COL. ‘25 Leah Chen, COL. ‘25 Alexandria Sorensen, COL. ‘25 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, COL. ‘25 Junior Editors Alexandra Alkhayer, COL. ‘24 Joy Chung, COL. ‘24 Varat Ransibrahmanakul, SOH ‘24 William DiGiovanni, COL. ‘25 Giselle Rasquinha, COL. ‘25 Philip Shraybman, COL. ‘25 Faculty Reviewers Ronald Davis, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Chemistry Haiyan He, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Kathleen Maguire-Zeiss, PhD. | GUMC, Dept. of Neuroscience Manus Patten, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Biology, Environmental Biology Michael Parker, PhD. | GU COL., Assistant Dean Special Thanks To the GSR Journal’s Executive and Content Board for their contributions to the publication. To Duke Vertices for their outside of institution peer-review.
    keywords: col
       cache: gsrj-56.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-56.txt

        item: #35 of 62
          id: gsrj-57
      author: Shahrour, Nesreen
       title: Meet the Staff
        date: 2022
       words: 252
      flesch: -210
     summary: Meet the Staff Nesreen Shahrour President, Editor-in-Chief Alexandra Glezer Operations Director, Events Director Layan Shahrour Vice President, Executive Editor Nora Cheraghi Creative Director Orion Gangopadhyay University Liaison Ala Alshomali Communications Director 90 Meet the Staff Alexander Missner Medical School Liaison Danny Ha Events Coordinator Nouran Alim Events Coordinator Richa Kuklani Treasurer Aanika Chandhok Publication Assistant Alanna Cronk Publication Editor 91 Meet the Staff Ikram Muhammedsani Publication Assistant Doha Maaty Senior Editor Lucas Biran Senior Editor Fadilah Farrin Senior Editor Jacqueline Chen Senior Editor Kavya Shah Senior Editor 92 Meet the Staff Leah Chen Senior Editor Rithvik Veeramachaneni Senior Editor Alexandria Sorensen Senior Editor Alexandra Alkhayer Junior Editor Varat Ransibrahmanakul Junior Editor Joy Chung Junior Editor 93 Meet the Staff William DiGiovanni Junior Editor Philip Shraybman Junior Editor Giselle Rasquinha Junior Editor Anna Tsioulias Junior Editor Dilan Gangopadhyay Faculty Highlights Writer Christina Zhu Faculty Highlights Writer 94 Meet the Staff Maria Victoria Dias Student Highlights Writer Grace Kearns Resources Analyst Samantha Induni Student Highlights Writer Tessa Block Resources Analyst 95 Table of Contents Letter From the Editors Increasing COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in the United States: Addressing Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy th An Analysis of the Effects of Frequency and Type of Physical Activity on Self-Esteem in Adolescent M Addressing American Obesity: A Policy Proposal The Select Agent Regulations: Structure and Stricture An Evaluation of the Human Impact of Climatic Factors in Cook County, Illinois An Evaluation of Food Insecurity in the D.C. Community About the Authors Meet the Staff Acknowledgements
    keywords: editor; junior; staff
       cache: gsrj-57.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-57.txt

        item: #36 of 62
          id: gsrj-58
      author: none
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2022
       words: 648
      flesch: 49
     summary: About the Authors Shreya Kalra Shreya Kalra is a freshman in the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University on the pre-med track, with an intended major in Science, Technology, and International Affairs. Nicole Tepper Nicole Tepper is a junior in the school of Nursing and Health Studies at Georgetown University, majoring in Healthcare Management and Policy.
    keywords: health; school; science
       cache: gsrj-58.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-58.txt

        item: #37 of 62
          id: gsrj-59
      author: Shahrour, Nesreen; Shahrour, Layan
       title: Letter From the Editors
        date: 2022
       words: 407
      flesch: 33
     summary: In our fourth issue, we hope to continue this tradition of sharing cutting-edge scientific literature and promoting the diverse and unique voices of scientific research here at Georgetown University. On our behalf, please congratulate these passionate students, and revel in the marvels of scientific research.
    keywords: scientific
       cache: gsrj-59.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-59.txt

        item: #38 of 62
          id: gsrj-6
      author: Rafique, Mehwish; Kristjansson, Ph.D., Dana
       title: Determinants of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States: Differences in Risk Factor and Genetic Susceptibility by Race/Ethnicity 
        date: 2021
       words: 5801
      flesch: 54
     summary: Exclusion Criteria The prevalence of HCC risk factors was determined using interview, physical exam, and/or laboratory NHANES data. In addition to known HCC risk factors, it is likely that access to preventive health education and early treatment may be a barrier to some racial and ethnic groups.
    keywords: carcinoma; cirrhosis; disease; factors; fib; gene; hcc; hispanic; journal; liver; metabolic; non; population; risk; risk factors; study; � �
       cache: gsrj-6.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-6.txt

        item: #39 of 62
          id: gsrj-62
      author: Douglas, Anna; Staas, Daniel; Hampton, Anna; Burns, Kylie; Suter, Fenn
       title: Psilocybin, Depression, and Synaptogenesis: Insights into the Field’s Past, Present, and Future
        date: 2023
       words: 5246
      flesch: 41
     summary: Chen, C. Z., Neumann, B., Förster, S., & Franklin, R. J. M. (2021). Zhdanava, M., Pilon, D., Ghelerter, I., Chow, W., Joshi, K., Lefebvre, P., & Sheehan, J. J. (2021).
    keywords: bdnf; cortex; depression; hallucinogenic; ht2a; lsd; mice; psilocybin; receptor; research
       cache: gsrj-62.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-62.txt

        item: #40 of 62
          id: gsrj-64
      author: Geiger, Shelby; Monaco, Francesca; Huang, Ruoxian; Bettendorf, Abigail
       title: The Impact of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder on Academic Performance
        date: 2023
       words: 4484
      flesch: 36
     summary: Henein et al. found that the proportion of assessments related to OCD increased in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) in London.18 Similarly, Ji et al. found a positive association between university students’ fear of COVID-19 and their score on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, which rates the severity of OCD symptoms.19 The data obtained from Henein et al. suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the likelihood of those with a predisposition for OCD to develop OCD, and that it raised the severity levels of those with subclinical OCD to clinical OCD.18 Data obtained by Heinin et al. suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased deterioration in the functioning of individuals with OCD, which may translate into the scholastic setting as impaired academic performance.18 In addition to the lifestyle changes that intensified OCD symptoms, quarantining required a change in OCD treatment because in-person therapy appointments were no longer possible. In addition, changes in OCD symptoms in response to the onset of COVID-19 should be considered.
    keywords: impact; ocd; performance; research; severity; students; symptoms; treatment
       cache: gsrj-64.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-64.txt

        item: #41 of 62
          id: gsrj-67
      author: Shahrour, Nesreen; Veeramachaneni, Rithvik
       title: Letter From the Editors
        date: 2023
       words: 378
      flesch: 46
     summary: Georgetown’s vibrant community of student researchers continues to grow as our campus finds its new normal. In this issue, we present novel research on topics of long-standing importance.
    keywords: research
       cache: gsrj-67.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-67.txt

        item: #42 of 62
          id: gsrj-68
      author: none
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2023
       words: 318
      flesch: 48
     summary: About the Authors Britney Shaw Britney Shaw is a senior at Georgetown University’s School of Health, majoring in Human Science and minoring in Public Health. Lindsey Kuwahara L indsey Kuwahara is a senior in the School of Health at Georgetown University, majoring in Human Science and minoring in Public Health.
    keywords: health
       cache: gsrj-68.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-68.txt

        item: #43 of 62
          id: gsrj-69
      author: none
       title: Acknowledgments
        date: 2023
       words: 222
      flesch: 22
     summary: ‘23 Doha Maaty, SOH ‘23 Fadilah Farrin, SOH ‘24 Jacqueline ( Jackie) Chen, COL. ‘25 Leah Chen, COL. ‘25 Alexandria Sorensen, COL. ‘25 Junior Editors Alexandra Alkhayer, COL. ‘24 Joy Chung, COL. ‘24 Varat Ransibrahmanakul, SOH ‘24 William DiGiovanni, COL. ‘25 Giselle Rasquinha, COL. ‘25 Philip Shraybman, COL. ‘25 Anna Tsioulias, COL. ‘25 Faculty Reviewers Haiyan He, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Jeffrey Huang, PhD. | GU COL., Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Michael Parker, PhD. | GU COL., Assistant Dean Special Thanks To the GSR Journal’s Executive and Content Board for their contributions to the publication. ‘25 ; Ikram Muhammedsani, SOH ‘25 Cover Design | Vyomika Gandhi, COL. ‘25 Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, COL ‘25 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief | Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Executive Editor | Rithvik Veeramachaneni, COL ‘25 Senior Editors Lucas Biran, COL.
    keywords: col
       cache: gsrj-69.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-69.txt

        item: #44 of 62
          id: gsrj-7
      author: Kardos, Alyssa
       title: The Preventative and Healing Properties of Performing Arts in Female Genital Mutilation
        date: 2021
       words: 14635
      flesch: 50
     summary: 55 Georgetown Scientific Research Journal https://doi.org/10.48091/BNKO5024 Governments must explicitly ban FGM in order to strengthen and legitimize the implementation of FGM interventions overall, which naturally includes performance-based interventions. Estimates from 2004 predict that around 90% of FGM cases include Type I, II, or IV, and about 10% include Type III16.
    keywords: arts; community; countries; development; female; fgm; georgetown; girls; health; https://doi.org/10.48091/bnko5024; interventions; journal; mutilation; order; performance; practice; programs; research; scientific; study; theater; therapy; women; work; � �
       cache: gsrj-7.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-7.txt

        item: #45 of 62
          id: gsrj-70
      author: Lyons, Kelsey; Magsayo, Marcus; Maheshwari, Riya
       title: Loneliness & College Students: A Needs Assessment Regarding Georgetown Student Experiences in a Post-Virtual World
        date: 2023
       words: 4137
      flesch: 46
     summary: HoyaWell was implemented in January 2021 because many Georgetown students did not have access to CAPS, as they were not located in the DC area.18 From the research, we determined that an app to address student loneliness (Nod), opportunities to engage with faculty, spaces of well-being on campus, and quality and accessible mental health resources are recommended to combat student loneliness.
    keywords: campus; college; covid-19; georgetown; health; journal; loneliness; mental; pandemic; research; students; university
       cache: gsrj-70.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-70.txt

        item: #46 of 62
          id: gsrj-73
      author: Rice, Carrigan
       title: Assessment of State-level Operational Policies and Programs for Selected Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in the United States
        date: 2024
       words: 8211
      flesch: 54
     summary: Assessment of State-level Operational Policies and Programs for Selected Neglected Tropical Diseases in the United States Carrigan Rice, Margaret C. baker, Jenny Zhao, Stephanie McKay, Claire J. Standley GEORGETOWN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH JOURNAL Volume Four Edition One Spring 2024 31 ���� ������������� ������������������ � � ������������������������������������������������� �������������� ������� ��������� � ������������������������ ���� �������� � CCaarrrriiggaann RRiiccee11,, MMaarrggaarreett CC.. BBaakkeerr11,, JJeennnnyy ZZhhaaoo22,, SStteepphhaanniiee MMccKKaayy33,, CCllaaiirree JJ.. Ten of the 13 (76.9%) states surveyed reported virtual meetings and remote work environments due to COVID-19 prevention 39 ���� ������������� ������������������ � � � strategies.
    keywords: cysticercosis �; disease �; health; helminths �; ntds; programs; rabies �; reporting; state; surveillance �; � cdc; � center; � chagas; � dengue; � ffiigguurree; � soil; � �
       cache: gsrj-73.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-73.txt

        item: #47 of 62
          id: gsrj-74
      author: Huang, Ruoya
       title: Modes of Democratic Transition, Power Dynamics Between Opposition and Incumbents, and Mass Internet Access: A Literature Review
        date: 2025
       words: 5831
      flesch: 37
     summary: This literature review aims to synthesize major existing arguments on preexisting conditions of democratic transitions to understand how various power dynamics between the authorities and the opposition shaped by primary education, civil liberties, income, and access to the internet lead to different types of democratic transition and impact the stability of the new democratic regime. AAbbssttrraacctt This literature review explores the evolving landscape of democratic transitions in the 21st century within academia, with a particular focus on the influence of digital technology and access to information.
    keywords: access; countries; democracy; democratization; georgetown; incumbents; internet; journal; opposition; power; regime; research; social; transition
       cache: gsrj-74.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-74.txt

        item: #48 of 62
          id: gsrj-75
      author: Tharun Potluri; Cameron S. D'Orio; Lauren T. Moffatt; Jeffrey W. Shupp; Bonnie C. Carney
       title: Intradermal Injection of Bleomycin Shows Preliminary Evidence of Dermal Fibrosis in a Mouse Model
        date: 2024
       words: 5132
      flesch: 55
     summary: Intradermal Injection of Bleomycin Shows Preliminary Evidence of Dermal Fibrosis in a Mouse Model !arun Potluri, Cameron S. D'Orio, BS, Lauren T. Moatt, PhD, Jerey W. Shupp, MD, Bonnie C. Carney, PhD Volume Four Edition One Spring 2024 GEORGETOWN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 20 ���� ������������� ������������������ � � ���� ��� ������������������������� ������������� ������ ����� ������� �������������� ��������� ��� � TThhaarruunn PPoottlluurrii11,,22,, CCaammeerroonn SS.. DD’’OOrriioo,, BBSS22,, LLaauurreenn TT.. This problem was the main issue we faced when attempting to 27 ���� ������������� ������������������ � � � replicate the previously proven model.
    keywords: bleomycin; dermal; dose; dyschromia; fibrosis; group; hts; measurements; mice; skin; zone; � ffiigguurree; � �
       cache: gsrj-75.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-75.txt

        item: #49 of 62
          id: gsrj-76
      author: Modi, Kush
       title: Association between IL-6 and Caregiving for People Living with Dementia (PLWD) and Potential Interventions 
        date: 2024
       words: 7497
      flesch: 47
     summary: Association between IL-6 and Caregiving for People Living with Dementia (PLWD) and Potential Interventions Kush Modi GEORGETOWN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH JOURNAL Volume Four Edition One Spring 2024 6 ���� ������������� ������������������ � � ������ ����� �������� ��� ��� � ��������� ���� ������� ������ ����� ������� ��� ���� ���������� �� ������������� �� KKuusshh MMooddii11 1Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA Email: kmm488@georgetown.edu hhttttppss::////ddooii..oorrgg//1100..4488009911//kkvvjjkk33ee0066 This means that caregivers are not more likely to engage in negative repetitive thoughts than non-caregivers, despite their higher level of daily stress from caregiving. 11 ���� ������������� ������������������ � � It was found that negative repetitive thoughts were associated with higher levels of IL-6 both pre- and post-vaccination compared to neutral repetitive thoughts, but this was not a significant difference.19 With increasing levels of neutral repetitive thought, controls saw lower levels of IL-6 post-vaccine.19 However, with increasing levels of neutral repetitive thoughts, caregivers saw higher levels of IL-6 post- vaccine.19 Despite the higher frequency of neutral repetitive thoughts, the inflammatory response of caregivers due to chronic stress is more prolonged, leading to higher IL-6 levels.
    keywords: caregivers; caregiving; dementia; il-6; il-6 levels; intervention; levels; pep; results; stress; studies; study; � �
       cache: gsrj-76.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-76.txt

        item: #50 of 62
          id: gsrj-77
      author: Shahrour, Nesreen; Veeramachaneni, Rithvik
       title: Letter From the Editors
        date: 2023
       words: 410
      flesch: 38
     summary: In this issue, we are excited to present novel work in fields of research that are both well-established and just budding. By celebrating the achievements of our peers and drawing inspiration from the far-reaching implications of our work, we can continue to power the hurtling pace of scientific progress that we bear witness to today.
    keywords: present
       cache: gsrj-77.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-77.txt

        item: #51 of 62
          id: gsrj-78
      author: none
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2023
       words: 634
      flesch: 54
     summary: She is passionate about destigmatizing mental health and increasing mental health resources for young adults. She hopes to continue to study mental health and psychological disorders and intends to pursue a career in medicine.
    keywords: health; majoring
       cache: gsrj-78.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-78.txt

        item: #52 of 62
          id: gsrj-79
      author: none
       title: Meet the Staff
        date: 2023
       words: 197
      flesch: -7
     summary: Chen Senior Editor Doha Maaty Senior Editor 57 Meet the Staff Leah Chen Senior Editor Lucas Biran Senior Editor Alexandria Sorensen Senior Editor Philip Shraybman Senior Editor Meet the Staff Layan Shahrour President Nouran Alim Operations Director, Events Coordinator Alexandra Glezer Vice President Vyomika Gandhi Creative Director Anika Bansal Communications Director Nicole Saad Communications Director, Events Coordinator 55 Meet the Staff Alexander Missner Medical School Liaison Susan Huang Events Coordinator Alexis Wu Events Coordinator Richa Kuklani Treasurer Aanika Chandhok Publication Assistant Alanna Cronk Publication Manager 56 Meet the Staff Ikram Muhammedsani Publication Assistant Rithvik Veeramachaneni Executive Editor Nesreen Shahrour Editor-in-Chief Fadilah Farrin Senior Editor Jacqueline (Jackie)
    keywords: editor; junior
       cache: gsrj-79.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-79.txt

        item: #53 of 62
          id: gsrj-80
      author: none
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2023
       words: 204
      flesch: 34
     summary: Publication Team Publication Editor I Ikram Muhammedsani, SOH ‘25 Cover Design I Alina Watson, CAS ‘26 Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Fadilah Farrin, SOH ‘24 Katherine (Kate Bohigan, SOH ‘25 William DiGiovanni, CAS ‘25 Caroline Palermo, CAS ‘25 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, CAS ‘25 Aanika Chandhok, CAS ‘25 Pallavi Bommareddy, CAS ‘26 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief | Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Executive Editor | Rithvik Veeramachaneni, CAS ‘25 Senior Editors Lucas Biran, CAS ‘23 Doha Maaty, SOH ‘23 Fadilah Farrin, SOH ‘24 Jacqueline ( Jackie) Chen, SOH ‘25 Leah Chen, CAS ‘25 Alexandria Sorensen, CAS ‘25 Philip Shraybman, CAS ‘25 Anna Tsioulias, CAS ‘25 Junior Editors Joy Chung, CAS ‘24 Rahul Banerjee, CAS ‘25 Katherine (Kate) Bohigan, SOH ‘25 William DiGiovanni, CAS ‘25 Caroline Palermo, CAS ‘25 Pallavi Bommareddy, CAS ‘26 Cate Gramelspacher, CAS ‘26 Stephanie Park, CAS ‘26 Faculty Reviewers Haiyan He, PhD. I GU CAS, Dept. of Biology, Neurobiology Rebekah Evans, PhD. I GUMC, Dept. of Neuroscience Manus Patten, PhD. I GU CAS, Dept. of Biology, Environmental Biology Michael Parker, PhD.
    keywords: cas
       cache: gsrj-80.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-80.txt

        item: #54 of 62
          id: gsrj-81
      author: Montgomery, Laura
       title: Coding Gender: Exploring the Presence of Gender Stereotypes within ChatGPT
        date: 2025
       words: 10795
      flesch: 50
     summary: Keywords: ChatGPT, Gender Bias, AI, Language Translation, Large Language Models (LLM) KKeeyy RReesseeaarrcchh QQuueessttiioonnss 1. For language translations, the author prompts ChatGPT to translate gender-ambiguous English sentences into five gendered languages (French, Spanish, Ukrainian, Russian, and Arabic), recording the frequency in which ChatGPT translates the ambiguous subject into its masculine or feminine spelling.
    keywords: bias; chatgpt; doctor; feminine; french; frequency; gender; gendered; georgetown; journal; language; masculine; occupations; research; sentences; structure; study; translate; translations; ukrainian
       cache: gsrj-81.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-81.txt

        item: #55 of 62
          id: gsrj-83
      author: Kamrava, Dilara; DeCandia, Alexandra; Williams, Emily
       title: Variation in body size introduces behavioural and adaptive constraints in morphologically similar Felidae species
        date: 2025
       words: 6314
      flesch: 49
     summary: For example, fishing cats (P. viverrinus) that partially rely on estuary mangrove habitats were found to be threatened by heavy metal contamination.43 Similar dynamics were found in urban-dwelling bobcats (L. rufus), where exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides led to increased disease severity.44-46 As apex predators, felids are especially susceptible to bioaccumulation, which can be heightened for small felid species (e.g. P. bengalensis) that primarily prey on secondary consumers such as birds or fish. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the majority (71%) of large felid species are currently listed under a threatened category (i.e., Vulnerable or Endangered; Figure 6a).
    keywords: body; body size; cats; conservation; felid; felid species; felidae; habitat; hunting; journal; midsize; pelage; population; prey; research; size; species
       cache: gsrj-83.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-83.txt

        item: #56 of 62
          id: gsrj-84
      author: Rithvik Veeramachaeneni
       title: Letter From the Editor
        date: 2024
       words: 504
      flesch: 34
     summary: In this issue, we present three pieces of student research that consider new angles on established ! Only by pursuing research in this style of combining methods and analytical techniques from dierent disciplines will we be able to challenge pre-existing paradigms and establish new principles for future work.
    keywords: elds; research
       cache: gsrj-84.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-84.txt

        item: #57 of 62
          id: gsrj-85
      author: Ikram Muhammedsani
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2024
       words: 210
      flesch: 50
     summary: ‘25 Katherine (Kate) Bohigan, SOH ‘25 Aanika Chandhok, CAS ‘25 Cecilio Sandoval Aguilar, CAS ‘26 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief | Rithvik Veeramachaneni, CAS ‘25 Executive Editor | William (Will) DiGiovanni, CAS ‘25 and Katherine (Kate) Bohigan, SOH ‘25 Senior Editors Fadilah Farrin, SOH ‘24 Jacqueline ( Jackie) Chen, CAS ‘25 Leah Chen, CAS ‘25 Alexandria Sorensen, CAS ‘25 Philip Shraybman, CAS ‘25 Anna Tsioulias, CAS ‘25 Neha Gunda, SOH '26 Cate Gramelspacher, CAS '26 Zaynab Rashid, SOH '26 Junior Editors Joy Chung, CAS ‘24 Rahul Banerjee, CAS ‘25 Caroline Palermo, CAS ‘25 Pallavi Bommareddy, CAS ‘26 Stephanie Park, CAS ‘26 Sara Medina, SOH '27 Faculty Reviewers Ronald Davis, PhD. Acknowledgments Publication Team Publication Editor I Ikram Muhammedsani, SOH ‘25 Cover Design I Alina Watson, CAS ‘26 Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, CAS ‘25 William (Will) DiGiovanni, CAS.
    keywords: cas; soh
       cache: gsrj-85.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-85.txt

        item: #58 of 62
          id: gsrj-86
      author: Ikram Muhammedsani
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2024
       words: 179
      flesch: 46
     summary: Having been accepted into Georgetown’s Early Assurance Program, #arun will be matriculating into Georgetown’s School of Medicine upon his graduation in 2025. Kush Modi Kush Modi is a junior in Georgetown University’s College of Arts and Sciences, majoring in Neurobiology and minoring in Economics and Public Health.
    keywords: health
       cache: gsrj-86.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-86.txt

        item: #59 of 62
          id: gsrj-9
      author: Aminpour, Ariyand
       title: Policy Brief: Comparison and Recommendations for State COVID-19 Responses of New Mexico and Utah
        date: 2021
       words: 3032
      flesch: 17
     summary: The goals and priorities of each state’s governor contributed to the policies and severity of restrictions in each state.1, 2 Governor Grisham’s mask, mass gathering, and interstate quarantine policies are restrictions that she deems necessary in order to mitigate the spread and save lives.2 Governor Gary Herbert has valued economic recovery as opposed to virus mitigation, which is reflected in his lenient restrictions.2 In the immediate future, Governor Cox, Governor Herbert’s successor as of January, should enact the same mask, mass gathering, and interstate quarantine policies as New Mexico; both states should then reassess the list of states that people need to quarantine from, given that 21 states hit records for 7- day average of COVID-19 cases, as of October 11, in order to get transmission under control.3 Additionally, if COVID-19 transmission is slowed, mass gathering restrictions can be reassessed to allow for larger gatherings but should stay tightly restricted until that point. 3. Conclusions As shown, Governor Grisham’s mask, mass gathering, and interstate quarantine policies have contributed to the amount of COVID-19 cases in New Mexico being lower than that of Utah.
    keywords: covid-19; governor; mexico; new; policies; policy; states; utah
       cache: gsrj-9.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-9.txt

        item: #60 of 62
          id: gsrj-93
      author: Saad, Nicole
       title: Letter From the Editors
        date: 2025
       words: 358
      flesch: 36
     summary: Their work is an inspiring reminder of the commitment to diverse research fields and to the aim of improving the human condition that is core to Georgetown’s Jesuit mission and tradition. Letter From the Editors Contributions deriving from our curiosity, persistence, and drive to push our knowledge across all levels of the scientific field remain crucial for continuing scientific progress.
    keywords: research
       cache: gsrj-93.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-93.txt

        item: #61 of 62
          id: gsrj-94
      author: Saad, Nicole
       title: About the Authors
        date: 2025
       words: 198
      flesch: 40
     summary: Dilara Kamrava After graduating from Georgetown University’s College of Arts and Sciences with a major in Environmental Biology and a minor in Statistics in 2023, Dilara Kamrava currently attends the University of Pennsylvania as a first-year Master of Environmental Studies student with a concentration in Environmental Biology. Laura Montgomery Laura Montgomery is a junior at Georgetown University, majoring in Mathematics and double minoring in French and Women and Gender Studies.
    keywords: university
       cache: gsrj-94.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-94.txt

        item: #62 of 62
          id: gsrj-95
      author: Saad, Nicole
       title: Acknowledgements
        date: 2025
       words: 228
      flesch: 50
     summary: ‘25 Katherine (Kate) Bohigan, SOH ‘25 Aanika Chandhok, CAS ‘25 Cecilio Sandoval Aguilar, CAS ‘26 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief | Rithvik Veeramachaneni, CAS ‘25 and William (Will) DiGiovanni, CAS ‘25 Executive Editor | Katherine (Kate) Bohigan, SOH ‘25 Senior Editors Jacqueline ( Jackie) Chen, CAS ‘25 Leah Chen, CAS ‘25 Alexandria Sorensen, CAS ‘25 Philip Shraybman, CAS ‘25 Anna Tsioulias, CAS ‘25 Neha Gunda, SOH ‘26 Cate Gramelspacher, CAS ‘26 Zaynab Rashid, SOH ‘26 Zahra Izzi SOH ‘27 Anagha Konakanchi CAS ‘28 Shirley Zhang SOH ‘28 Junior Editors Rahul Banerjee, CAS ‘25 Caroline Palermo, CAS ‘25 Pallavi Bommareddy, CAS ‘26 Stephanie Park, CAS ‘26 Sara Medina, SOH ‘27 Copy Editors Zahra Izzi SOH ‘27 Anagha Konakanchi CAS ‘28 Shirley Zhang SOH ‘28 Faculty Reviewers Ronald Davis, PhD. Publication Team Publication Editor I Ikram Muhammedsani, SOH ‘25 Cover Design I Alina Watson, CAS ‘26 Nesreen Shahrour, SOH ‘23 Rithvik Veeramachaneni, CAS ‘25 William (Will) DiGiovanni, CAS.
    keywords: cas; soh
       cache: gsrj-95.pdf
  plain text: gsrj-95.txt