id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ggj-4131	Ratiani, Manana; Madzgharashvili, Maia	Spatial Thinking in Primary Geography Education: A Design-Based Intervention in Georgia	2025	10	.pdf	application/pdf	4213	233	29	Starting from the fourth intervention, students began working on spatial problems where their chosen locations were based on strong argumentation and alternative comparison. Conceptual Framework Developing effective instructional design requires robust theoretical foundations, especially when cultivating complex skills such as spatial thinking.	cache/ggj-4131.pdf	txt/ggj-4131.txt