Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 455 Georgian Scientists Vol. 6 Issue 2, 2024 https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2024.06.02.48 (Malus domestica Borch) „ “ 1; 2;; 3 4; 4; 4 1 ; . . 21 ; . . 3 , ; 4 ; " ", . , ( . , ), , 2020-2023 . : , , , , , . , " " , , , . , - , , . : , , , , . . ( ) Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 456 . 4 . . , (M. Sieversii), , (M. Sylvestris) , (M. orlentalis) [9,11,13]. , , [2,7,8]. , 7500 – 8000 - , 200 – 250 [1,3,5]. , , , - 11 500 – 12 800 , - 70 000 - 150 000 (2008 – 2018 ) . , ( , , , , ), ( , , ), , ), . , - , , , . 12 – 18 [2,6,4,12]. : - - - . . , , , . ) , . : 2020-23 , - . ( ) - . 2012 , 5X2.5; . , Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 457 , (MM106) . . : ( ) - . XXI , . 2012 (2014 . ) “Challanger”. 2020-23 , - . ( ) - . 2012 , 5X2.5; . , , (MM106) . . , , , . 10,6–10,80C, . -22,3-22,80C, ( > 50C) 3540 – 38700C, - 520 – 590 . , . , ; . (18 – 20%) (pH =7,8–8,1). -1,4-1,6%, , – . BBCH [10] ; ; ; ; . . UPOV [14,15]. : . (2020-2023) , Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 458 ( . 2016) (2020-2023) 1. 1 (1-5 ) 2020 22.03 20-22.04 24-26.04 28.04- .01.05 5.0 9 01-04.10 2021 15.03 15-18.04 21-24.04 25-29.04 4.6 11 24-28.09 2022 26.03 24-27.04 30-02.05 02-05.05 4.2 8 08-10.10 2023 20.03 13-17.04 19-21.04 23-26.04 5.0 10 26-30.09 21.03 18-21.04 23-26.04 27.04-02.05 5.0 9 29.09-05.10 , ( ) - . 2021 (15 ), -2021 (26 ). 2020-2023 9 . , ( 1), . ( ) 8-11 . , , 5 . , , , . 2020 (15- 18 ), - 2023 (24-27 ). +4 (4 ). (>5 0 C) = 90- 1260C. . , , 6-10 . 2020 (24 28 ), -2022 (8-10 ). . . , , , Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 459 . (2020-2023 ) 2. 2. (1-5 ) ) 16.03 13.04 20.04 22-24.04 5.0 12 16-22.09 122-135 21.03 18-11.04 23-26.04 27.04-02.05 5.0 9 29.09- 05.10 138-146 , - 4-5 . , (+5 ) , , (-3 ). 10 (+10 ). , . 138-146 . . , . . , . . 2,86 ; -4.52 2; -7,42 3 3). 3 ( ) ( 2 ) 3) ( ) ) 3,10±0.11a 5.74 9.60±0.04a 25±0.16a 208,40 ±0.11a 2,86±0.02b 4.52 7.42±0.01b 22±0.12a 240,70±0.21a Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 460 (LSD, p=0,05) 1,4 2,2 0,52 0.70 2,6 . . ( M9). . , 21.5 – 23,0 (1 , 3000 , 62-65 ). . , 13.0-13,9%- , - 0.31%- ( 4). 4 (%) (%) (%) 13.4±0.1a 10,0±0.18b 0.18±0.11a 11.5±0.2a 11.8±0.16a 0.31±0.15b (LSD, p=0,05) 1,8 1,1 0,2 , – , , . , . . -4.8 (5 ). . , . , . , , , , . , , . : , , . : - , ( 230-300 ). . - (H80 X D88 ). , Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 461 , , . , - 30– 34 . , , , . , . , , , , . - , . . - 4,7 (5- ). . . - 11.4-12.6 % (Brix); 10.8-12.0 /100 ; - 0.31-0.44 meq/100 . : - ( M9). , . . , . - - . , . . , , . : (2020-2023 .) , , , , , . . , , . Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 462 : 1. ., ., : . .,(2020); 7-44. 2. ., ., . , ., 2009. 3. ( ) .2015. 4. ( )- . , , ".2001 5. (2019). 2019. www.geostat.ge 6. , . 1973 II. . . III. . „ “, . 7. Faostat (2019): http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx. 8. Ferree, D. C.,Warrington. I. J. Apples Botany, production and uses. CAB nternational, Cambridge, 2004. 9. Hampson, C.R. and H. Kemp (2003), “Characteristics of important commercial apple cultivars”, in D.C. Ferree and I.J. Warrington (eds.), Apples: Botany, Production and Uses, CABI International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 61-90. Hancock, J.F. et al. (2008), “Apples”, in J.F. 10. Meier U. (2001) Growth Stages of Mono and Dicotyledonous Plants. BBCH Monograph, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Bonn. 11. Merwin, I.A.; Pritts, M.P. Are modern fruit production systems sustainable? HortTechnology 1993, 3, 128–136 12. Milosevic N., Milosevic T., Glisic I., 2009. Productive and organoleptic traits of recent apple cultivars. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS), 825: 565–570. 13. Musacchi, S.; Serra, S. Apple fruit quality: Overview on pre-harvest factors. Sci. Hortic. 2018, 234, 409–430 14. Sedov E and Ogoltsova, T Program and methodology of variety researching of fruit, berry and nut crops (Publishing house of the all-Russian research Institute of fruit crop selection, Orel, 1999). 15. UPOV descriptor (2006): Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability Apple (Malus domestica Borkh)– TG/14/10 Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 2, 2024 463 Description of the Introduced variety of apple (Malus domestica Borch) "Challenger". Zviad Bobokashvili1; Elene Maghlakelidze2, Vazha Kvaliashvili3 ; Vano Kakashvili4, Lasha Tsigriashvili4; Marika Vakhtangashvili4 1Associate professor Academic doctor of Agricultural, LEPL Scientific-Research Center of Agriculture, Division of Fruit- growing Research; 2Academic doctor of Agricultural, LEPL Scientific-Research Center of Agriculture, Division of Fruit- growing Research; 3Academician of Academy of agriculture, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences; 4Master Summary The research was conducted in a collection orchard located in Shida Kartli (village Jighaura, Saguramo, Mtskheta municipality) belonging to the LEPL Scientific-Research Center of Agriculture (SRCA) from 2020 to 2023. The research focused on the apple (Malus domestica L.) variety "Challenger," which was represented in the collection by 15 plants grafted on MM106 rootstock. The study examined the following agronomic and biological characteristics of the cultivar: phenological phases of development, detailed pomological description of the tree, flower, fruits, and other parts of the cultivar. It also included their biochemical analysis, yield patterns, and productivity. According to the study, the "Challenger" apple cultivar has high-quality fruits, characterized by regular harvests and good storage capacity. It is recommended for cultivation in industrial fruit-growing zones in Georgia, preferably in flat areas. Keywords: variety, flower, fruit, fertility, phenology.