Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 11 Georgian Scientists Vol. 6 Issue 4, 2024 https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2024.06.04.02 , 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1 , , +995591079681, dali.ghaghanidze@sla.gov.ge; 2 , , +995591079679, nino.nazarashvili@sla.gov.ge; 3 , , +995599720992, eka.abashidze@sla.gov.ge; 4 , +99591079678,mariam.aznarashvili@sla.gov.ge; 5 , , +995591936013, eter.gvritishvili@sla.gov.ge , , , . 30% - . 2 : Globodera pallida Globodera rostochiensis EPPO- A2 . . 2007/33 / EEC , (Council Directive 2007/33/EC). 2016 . 2016 1 #302 , , , Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 12 . ( , ), , , , , . . 2 : . 150 . : , ( , , , , , , , ), 200 , : ( , . , , , , , , , ). , - ) Globodera rostochiensis . Globodera rostochiensis D3 ITS1-15.8S-ITS2 . , Ro1 . : , - , , , , . . 20-25 . ( , ) - 30-35 . ( 500 , . ( 2015, www.moa.gov.ge). , , , . 30% - (Hodda and Cook, 2009). - Globodera pallida (Stone) Behrens Globodera Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 13 rostochiensis (Wollenveber) Behrens EPPO- A2 (OEPP/EPPO, 2013). , , , , (EFSA 2012). , ) . G. rostochiensis 5 : Ro1, Ro2, Ro3, Ro4, Ro5 G. pallida- 3 : Pal, 2, (Kort, 1974; Kort et al., 1977). . 30 (Winslow and Willis, 1972). : , , , , , . , (Trudgill et al., 1987). ( - , ) (Globodera rostochiensis G. Pallida) , ( ) , . (Metlitskii O. Z. 1985). . (Fenwick, 1940). (Leica M50). (Leica DME; Olympus Olympus Bx51) (EPPO 2013). . - ( Nematode DNA extraction &purification kit, Clear Detection; Roche). (Globodera rostochiensis, G. pallida ) “ “ - : ITS5:5 - GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3’, Globodera rostochiensis PITSr3:5 - AGCGCAGACATGCCGCAA-3; G. Pallida PITSp4: 5 -ACAACAGCAATCGTCGAG-3’ (Bulman and Marshal, 1997). 25 (Platinum PCR SuperMix, Invitrogen). : 94 °C-5 (1 ); 94 °C-1 , 62 °C-30 , 72 °C -1 (35 ); 72 Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 14 °C-10 (1 ). (SimplyAmpl Thermal Cycler , Life Technology). 1.5% (Sambrook and Russell,2001). : (G.rostochiensis) D3 ITS1-15.8S-ITS2 . D3 : D3A (5’- GACCCCTCTTGAAACACGGA-3’) D3B (5’-TCGGAAGGAACCAGCTACTA-3’) (Al-Bannac et al.,1997); ITS1-15.8S-ITS2 : rDNA1(5’ - TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT-3’) rDNA2 (5’ -TTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAAGG-3’) (Joyce et al.,1994;Vrain et al.,1992). 25 ‘’Platinum PCR High Fidelity’’ (Invitrogen). . BLASTN (http://www.ncbi.n1m.nih.gov/blast/Blast) Mega 7. MEGA - Tamura-Nei (Kumar et al., 2015). : (Kort J et al., 1977). . 2 : . 150 . : , ( , , , , , , , ), 200 , : ( , . , , , , , , , ). , , (EPPO- ) . . , ( , , , DGO- , , Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 15 1- ( 1). 150 Globodera spp. ( 2). 1. . Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 16 2. Globodera spp. Globodera spp. . (( 3) 434 bp Globodera rostochiensis . Globodera rostochiensis 120 , 90 ( , ) , 30 ( ). 3. Globodera rostochiensis . 1-11 ; L-100bp , Kp- Globodera pallida, Kr- Globodera rostochiensis ( 434 bp). 50 . D3 ITS1-15.8S-ITS2 - ( , ). ( ). Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 17 BLASTN (http://www.ncbi.n1m.nih.gov/blast/Blast). BLASTN R1- R24 G1_G24 99,8% 97,27% Globodera rostochiensis . Globodera rostochiensis D3 3 (A, B C). A 3 ; C 2 . GL13, GL14, GL16, GL18 A- 1- ; GL10, GL15 C 1.- . GL11, GL 12, GL24, GL4 A- 2- ; GL1, GL20, GL5, GL8 B- . C- 2 GL22, GL23, GL19 GL17 . ( 4). 4. ( D3 ). Globodera rostochiensis ITS1-15.8S-ITS2 . Globodera rostochiensis ITS 3 (A, B C). A- R10, R18, R16, R18 R1, R4, Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 18 R5, R8, R9, R20, R24. B- R11, R12, R14, R15 R19. C R13, R17 R21, R22, R23 ( 5). 5. ( ITS ). D3 . Globodera rostochiensis (Solanum tuberosum sp. Tuberosum (DESIREE); S. tuberosum ssp. andigena (H1); S.vernei G-LKS 58.1642/4); S.vernei G-LKS. 2,5 . (Pf) (Pi) : Pf/Pi <1 ( ); Pf/Pi >1 ( „+“). „DESIREE“ (Ro1 Ro2 Ro3 Ro4 Ro5) . S. tuberosum ssp. andigena (H1) (Ro3 Ro4 Ro5) . S.vernei G-LKS 58.1642/4- (Ro5); S.vernei G-LKS – (Ro2+; Ro5+). Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 19 : Globodera rostochiensis S. tuberosum ssp. andigena (H1) (Ro3 Ro4 Ro5) S.vernei G-LKS 58.1642/4- (Ro5) . „DESIREE“ - , Globodera rostochiensis 20 60 , 40 , , Globodera rostochiensis 20 30 , 10 . ( 6) Ro1 . 6. ( ). 2 ( ) Globodera rostochiensis .Globodera rostochiensis . . , Ro1 . Georgian Scientists/ . 6 N 3, 2024 20 : Al-Banna, L., Willamson, V., Gardner, S.L. Phylogenetic analysis of nematodes of the genus Praty- lenchus using nuclear 26S rDNA (1997). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 1:94-102. Bulman SR, Marshall JW (1997). Differentiation of Australasian potato cyst nematode (PCN) populations using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). New Zealand Journal of Crop and Hort. Science, 25:123–129. EPSA (2012). Scientific opinion on the risks to plant health posed by European versus non – European populations of the potato cyst nematodes Globodera pallida and Globodera rostochiensis. EFSA Journal, 10(4):2644.3. Fenwick DW (1940). Methods for the recovery and counting of cysts of Heterodera schachtii from soil. Journal of Helminthology, 18:155 -172. Hodda M, Cook D.C. (2009). Economic Impact from Unrestricted Spread of Potato Cyst Nematodes in Australia. The American Phyto pathological Society 99 (12) :1387-1393. Joyce, S.A., Reid., Driver., Curran. (1994). Application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to the identi cation of entomopathogenic nematodes. In: Burnell, A.M., Ehlers, R.-U. & Masson, J.-P. (Eds). COST 812 Biotechnology: Genetics of entomopathogenic nematode -bacterium complexes. Proceedings of symposium and workshop, St Patrick’s College, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland. Luxembourg, European Commission, DGXII, pp. 178187. Kort J. (1974). Identification pathotypes of the Potato Cyst Nematode.EPPO Bulletin 4(4) :511-518. Kort, J., Ross, H., Rumpenhorst, H.J., Stone, A.R. (1977) An international scheme for the identification of pathotypes of potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida. Nematologica 23:333-339. Kumar S., Stecher G., and Tamura K. (MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets.Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015). Metlitsky O. Z. (1985). Ecological and technological bases for the detection of nematodes. Principles and methods of ecological phytonematology. Petrozavodsk, pp. 18-35 (in Russian). Sambrook J, Russell DW. (2001). Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3nd ed. Cold Spring Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor. PM 7/40 (3) Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida. EPPO Bulletin (2013), 43 (1): 119– 138. Trudgill D.L., Philips M.S., Alphey T.J.W. (1987). Integrated control of potato cyst nematode. Outlook on Agriculture 16:167–172. Vrain, T.C.,Wakarchuk,D.A.,Levesque, A.C., Hamilton, R.J. (1992). Intraspeci c rDNA restrictionfragment length polymorphism in the Xiphinema americanum group. Fundamental and Applied Nematology 15:563-573. Winslow, R.D; Wills R.J. (1972). Nematode diseases in potatoes. II .potato cyst nematode, Heterodera rostochiensis> PP18-34,. Webster (ed), Economic Nematology. New York: Academic Press.