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Biodiversity and variety creation of Citrus - some issues of conservation

Zurab Bukia

Academic Doctor Agricultural, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU) – Al. Natishvili Institute of
Morphology; Tbilisi State Medicinal University (TSMU) - L. Bakhutashvili Institute of Medical Biotechnology.

Tbilisi, Georgia.

Abstract

The Biodiversity of plant varieties is an important component of the floristic landscape of
Georgia. The plant, as one of the irreplaceable components of the Biocenosis, in addition to its cosmic
role and significance for human existence, appears as the main figure of the agro-food sector.

The work, in general, refers to the biodiversity of plants. It is expressed the opinion that, among
many others, are interested in citrus crops and their biodiversity, caused by various factors and genetic
tendency to mutation-variation. The material presented in the work is based on modern research
methodology.  The  main  emphasis  is  placed  on the  fact  that  there  are  many varieties  of  citrus  crops
(lemon-Citrus limon Burm.,  tangerine  - Citrus reticulata Bl.,  orange-Citrus sinensis(L.) Osb.,
grapefruit-Citrus paradisi Macf.) and the form is derived from evolution on the traces of the process
(variation, heredity, differentiation), adaptation to natural conditions and conscious selection.

The biological properties of citrus fruits and proven methods of selection create a solid
theoretical and practical basis for obtaining a variety of forms.

The Preservation-conservation of numerous varieties and forms of citrus fruits successfully
included in the floristic landscape of Georgia and practical measures for the possible expansion of their
area will positively contribute to the solution of ecological problems.

From the beginning of the methodical selection of citrus fruits, the existing theoretical and
practical material and existing experience are a solid basis for successfully solving the task.

Keywords: citrus fruits, breeding, biodiversity, conservation, ecology.