Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 628 Georgian Scientists Vol. 7 Issue 3, 2025 https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2025.07.03.33 1; 2; 3 1 , ; 2 , ; 3 , , PMBOK Guide, PRINCE2, ISO 21500 Agile/Lean . , , , . , , , , . , . : , PMBOK, PRINCE2, ISO 21500, Agile, Lean, , 1. 1.1. . , , , , , , . , , . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 629 , , . — , . . , , , 30–40%- , , . , , . , . , , , . , , . 1.2. , . , , . , : ( , , , ); ; , ; . , , . , PMBOK Guide, PRINCE2 ISO 21500, , . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 630 , , . , , . , . . Agile Lean , . , , , . , , , . , , , . 2. : PMI PMBOK, PRINCE2, ISO 21500. 2.1. PMI PMBOK Guide PMBOK Guide (Project Management Body of Knowledge) (PMI) 1980- . . , . PMI , . PMBOK 1987 „ “. PMBOK Guide . 1996 . 2000 , . 2013 – Stakeholder Management, . 2017 Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 631 Agile . , (2021) : , . PMBOK „ “ , . , PMBOK , , . PMBOK Guide , , . , , (Input– Tools&Techniques–Output). : 1. – , , . 2. – ( , , , , , ). 3. – , . 4. – , . 5. – , . (Knowledge Areas) , : , , , , , , , , . . PMBOK Guide- : – (IT, , , ). – , . – PMI- ( ., PMP) . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 632 – . – , . – . – . Agile – , waterfall . PMBOK Guide , , . – , , ; . – , . – , . – , . – , , ; . PMBOK- , Agile . IT , . PMBOK- PMBOK Guide- (Input–Tools–Output) 5 , 10–12 , , , Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 633 , , , , IT (2021 ) 2.2. PRINCE2 PRINCE2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments) 1989 , IT . PROMPT II, Simpact Systems Ltd- . , IT . 1996 PRINCE IT- — PRINCE2, . , . 2000- PRINCE2 . , , . , PRINCE2- AXELOS (Cabinet Office + Capita) . PRINCE2- (2017 ) Agile PRINCE2 Agile , . PRINCE2 , , , . : 1. Continued Business Justification – , . 2. Learn from Experience – . 3. Defined Roles and Responsibilities – . 4. Manage by Stages – . 5. Manage by Exception – . 6. Focus on Products – , . 7. Tailor to Suit the Project – . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 634 (Themes): (Business Case) (Organization) (Quality) (Plans) (Risk) (Change) (Progress) (Processes): Starting up a Project (SU) Initiating a Project (IP) Directing a Project (DP) Controlling a Stage (CS) Managing Product Delivery (MP) Managing Stage Boundaries (SB) Closing a Project (CP) : . ( , ). . . . : . . . , Agile . PRINCE2 , . : – , IT, ). – . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 635 – . – . PRINCE2- PRINCE2- , 1989 7 , 7 , 7 , , , , , , PRINCE2 Agile (2017 ) 2.3. ISO 21500 ISO 21500 „Guidance on Project Management“ , 2012 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) . , , . ISO 21500 , , . , , . ISO 21500- , (Waterfall) (Agile) , , . ISO 21500- . : Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 636 – ISO 21500 : , , , . – , , , . – . – . – . ISO 21500 , . : – . – . – , . – . – , PRINCE2 PMBOK. : – , . – , PMBOK PRINCE2. – . ISO 21500 , . – , . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 637 – , , . – . – , , IT . – . ISO 21500- ISO 21500- ISO, 2012 ( ) , , , , , , IT, Agile Waterfall Agile Lean Agile 1990- . Waterfall , . 2001 Agile Manifesto, Agile- : 1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . Agile , Scrum, Kanban, Extreme Programming (XP), , . Lean (Toyota Production System) 20- . Lean Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 638 . Lean : (Waste elimination) (Continuous Improvement, Kaizen) Agile Lean Lean-Agile , IT- . Agile : , (Sprint) Lean : Lean-Agile Agile- Lean- , , . : (Lean) : Agile- Lean- , Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 639 Agile Lean : IT – , – – Lean- (Toyota, Lean Manufacturing) – – Lean-Agile Agile Lean Agile Lean Lean-Agile + , Sprint , , + IT, , , , 3.8. , . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 640 PMBOK Guide PRINCE2 ISO 21500 Agile/Lean , , , , – ) , , IT , , IT, , , Lean 3.8.2. PMBOK Guide , , PRINCE2 , , ISO 21500 , Agile/Lean , , Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 641 3.8.3. PMBOK Guide , PRINCE2 , ISO 21500 , Agile/Lean , , 3.8.4. PMBOK Guide PRINCE2 ISO 21500 Agile/Lean 3.8.5. 1. X – , Y – PMBOK , PRINCE2 , ISO 21500 , Agile/Lean , , 2. – PMBOK/PRINCE2 – + ISO 21500 – Agile/Lean – + , : PMBOK Guide – , , . PRINCE2 – , . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 642 ISO 21500 – , . Agile/Lean – , . , , , , . , . : 1. PMBOK Guide , , , . PRINCE2 , . ISO 21500 , . Agile Lean , , . 2. , . , PMBOK- , PRINCE2- , ISO 21500- Agile/Lean- , , . 3. vs : PMBOK PRINCE2 , Agile/Lean , ISO 21500 . Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 643 : PMBOK PRINCE2 , Agile/Lean , ISO 21500 . : , , . 4. ISO 21500- , . (IT, ) Agile/Lean , . PRINCE2- , , . , , , PMBOK Guide- . , , , . : , , , . , , , , . 1. Project Management Institute. (2021). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (7th ed.). Project Management Institute. 2. Office of Government Commerce. (2009). Managing successful projects with PRINCE2 (5th ed.). TSO (The Stationery Office). 3. International Organization for Standardization. (2012). ISO 21500: Guidance on project management. ISO. Georgian Scientists/ . 7 N 3, 2025 644 4. Beck, K., Beedle, M., van Bennekum, A., Cockburn, A., Cunningham, W., Fowler, M., … Thomas, D. (2001). Manifesto for Agile software development. Agile Alliance. https://agilemanifesto.org/ 5. Womack, J. P., Jones, D. T., & Roos, D. (1990). The machine that changed the world. Free Press. 6. Highsmith, J. (2009). Agile project management: Creating innovative products (2nd ed.). Addison-Wesley. 7. Kerzner, H. (2022). Project management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (14th ed.). Wiley. 8. Serrador, P., & Pinto, J. K. (2015). Does Agile work? — A quantitative analysis of Agile project success. International Journal of Project Management, 33(5), 1040– 1051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.01.006 9. Larman, C., & Vodde, B. (2010). Practices for scaling lean & Agile development: Large, multisite, and offshore product development with large-scale Scrum. Addison-Wesley. 10. Turner, R., & Müller, R. (2003). On the nature of the project as a temporary organization. International Journal of Project Management, 21(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-7863(02)00020-0 International approaches to project management based on the example of Georgian companies Manana Maghradze1; Ketevan Burduladze2; Nikoloz Kandelaki3 1Professor, Georgian Technical University; 2Doctor of Science, Georgian Technical University; 3Master, Georgian Technical University Abstract This article examines contemporary project management standards, including the PMBOK Guide, PRINCE2, ISO 21500, and Agile/Lean approaches. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of their history, key principles, advantages, limitations, and areas of application. The study emphasizes the importance of hybrid approaches, integrating structure, control, international harmonization, and flexibility to ensure effective project execution in multinational and complex environments. The article offers a comparative analysis, enabling organizations to select the most appropriate project management strategy. Keywords: project management, PMBOK, PRINCE2, ISO 21500, Agile, Lean, hybrid approach, harmonization