id sid tid token lemma pos gist-825 1 1 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 1 2 in in ADP gist-825 1 3 the the DET gist-825 1 4 design design NOUN gist-825 1 5 and and CCONJ gist-825 1 6 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 1 7 of of ADP gist-825 1 8 an an DET gist-825 1 9 english english ADJ gist-825 1 10 placement placement NOUN gist-825 1 11 test test NOUN gist-825 1 12 for for ADP gist-825 1 13 a a DET gist-825 1 14 colombian colombian ADJ gist-825 1 15 public public ADJ gist-825 1 16 university1 university1 PROPN gist-825 1 17 desafíos desafíos PROPN gist-825 1 18 en en PROPN gist-825 1 19 el el PROPN gist-825 1 20 diseño diseño PROPN gist-825 1 21 e e PROPN gist-825 1 22 implementación implementación PROPN gist-825 1 23 de de PROPN gist-825 1 24 una una PROPN gist-825 1 25 prueba prueba PROPN gist-825 1 26 de de PROPN gist-825 1 27 clasificación clasificación PROPN gist-825 1 28 de de PROPN gist-825 1 29 inglés inglés PROPN gist-825 1 30 para para PROPN gist-825 1 31 una una PROPN gist-825 2 1 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 2 2 pública pública PROPN gist-825 2 3 colombiana colombiana PROPN gist-825 2 4 alexander alexander PROPN gist-825 2 5 ramírez2 ramírez2 PROPN gist-825 2 6 * * PROPN gist-825 2 7 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 2 8 del del PROPN gist-825 2 9 valle valle PROPN gist-825 2 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 2 11 colombia colombia PROPN gist-825 2 12 1 1 NUM gist-825 2 13 received receive VERB gist-825 2 14 : : PUNCT gist-825 2 15 november november PROPN gist-825 2 16 12th 12th NOUN gist-825 2 17 2019/ 2019/ NUM gist-825 2 18 accepted accept VERB gist-825 2 19 : : PUNCT gist-825 2 20 september september PROPN gist-825 2 21 7th 7th NOUN gist-825 2 22 2020 2020 NUM gist-825 2 23 2 2 NUM gist-825 2 24 alexander.ramirez.e@correounivalle.edu.co alexander.ramirez.e@correounivalle.edu.co PROPN gist-825 2 25 gist gist NOUN gist-825 2 26 education education NOUN gist-825 2 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 2 28 learning learn VERB gist-825 2 29 research research NOUN gist-825 2 30 journal journal PROPN gist-825 2 31 . . PUNCT gist-825 3 1 issn issn PROPN gist-825 3 2 1692 1692 NUM gist-825 3 3 - - SYM gist-825 3 4 5777 5777 NUM gist-825 3 5 . . PUNCT gist-825 4 1 no no INTJ gist-825 4 2 . . NOUN gist-825 4 3 21 21 NUM gist-825 4 4 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 4 5 july july PROPN gist-825 4 6 - - PUNCT gist-825 4 7 december december PROPN gist-825 4 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 4 9 2020 2020 NUM gist-825 4 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 4 11 . . PUNCT gist-825 5 1 pp pp ADV gist-825 5 2 . . PUNCT gist-825 6 1 191 191 NUM gist-825 6 2 - - SYM gist-825 6 3 208 208 NUM gist-825 6 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 7 1 192 192 NUM gist-825 7 2 no no NOUN gist-825 7 3 . . NOUN gist-825 7 4 21 21 NUM gist-825 8 1 abstract abstract ADJ gist-825 8 2 this this DET gist-825 8 3 reflection reflection NOUN gist-825 8 4 paper paper NOUN gist-825 8 5 disseminates disseminate VERB gist-825 8 6 the the DET gist-825 8 7 design design NOUN gist-825 8 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 8 9 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 8 10 of of ADP gist-825 8 11 an an DET gist-825 8 12 english english ADJ gist-825 8 13 placement placement NOUN gist-825 8 14 test test NOUN gist-825 8 15 for for ADP gist-825 8 16 first first ADJ gist-825 8 17 semester semester NOUN gist-825 8 18 students student NOUN gist-825 8 19 from from ADP gist-825 8 20 different different ADJ gist-825 8 21 majors major NOUN gist-825 8 22 . . PUNCT gist-825 9 1 this this DET gist-825 9 2 design design NOUN gist-825 9 3 was be AUX gist-825 9 4 carried carry VERB gist-825 9 5 out out ADP gist-825 9 6 within within ADP gist-825 9 7 the the DET gist-825 9 8 framework framework NOUN gist-825 9 9 of of ADP gist-825 9 10 a a DET gist-825 9 11 research research NOUN gist-825 9 12 project project NOUN gist-825 9 13 in in ADP gist-825 9 14 a a DET gist-825 9 15 colombian colombian ADJ gist-825 9 16 public public ADJ gist-825 9 17 university university NOUN gist-825 9 18 . . PUNCT gist-825 10 1 the the DET gist-825 10 2 article article NOUN gist-825 10 3 has have VERB gist-825 10 4 a a DET gist-825 10 5 twofold twofold ADJ gist-825 10 6 purpose purpose NOUN gist-825 10 7 : : PUNCT gist-825 10 8 to to PART gist-825 10 9 scrutinize scrutinize VERB gist-825 10 10 the the DET gist-825 10 11 stages stage NOUN gist-825 10 12 leading lead VERB gist-825 10 13 to to ADP gist-825 10 14 a a DET gist-825 10 15 test test NOUN gist-825 10 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 10 17 and and CCONJ gist-825 10 18 to to PART gist-825 10 19 highlight highlight VERB gist-825 10 20 the the DET gist-825 10 21 complexity complexity NOUN gist-825 10 22 that that PRON gist-825 10 23 underlies underlie VERB gist-825 10 24 the the DET gist-825 10 25 process process NOUN gist-825 10 26 of of ADP gist-825 10 27 conceiving conceive VERB gist-825 10 28 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 10 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 10 30 so so SCONJ gist-825 10 31 that that SCONJ gist-825 10 32 language language NOUN gist-825 10 33 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 10 34 who who PRON gist-825 10 35 embark embark VERB gist-825 10 36 for for ADP gist-825 10 37 the the DET gist-825 10 38 first first ADJ gist-825 10 39 time time NOUN gist-825 10 40 on on ADP gist-825 10 41 the the DET gist-825 10 42 task task NOUN gist-825 10 43 of of ADP gist-825 10 44 designing design VERB gist-825 10 45 placement placement NOUN gist-825 10 46 exams exam NOUN gist-825 10 47 have have VERB gist-825 10 48 a a DET gist-825 10 49 model model NOUN gist-825 10 50 and and CCONJ gist-825 10 51 can can AUX gist-825 10 52 anticipate anticipate VERB gist-825 10 53 vicissitudes vicissitude NOUN gist-825 10 54 of of ADP gist-825 10 55 academic academic ADJ gist-825 10 56 and and CCONJ gist-825 10 57 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 10 58 nature nature NOUN gist-825 10 59 that that PRON gist-825 10 60 may may AUX gist-825 10 61 arise arise VERB gist-825 10 62 . . PUNCT gist-825 11 1 the the DET gist-825 11 2 conclusions conclusion NOUN gist-825 11 3 derived derive VERB gist-825 11 4 from from ADP gist-825 11 5 the the DET gist-825 11 6 process process NOUN gist-825 11 7 of of ADP gist-825 11 8 construction construction NOUN gist-825 11 9 and and CCONJ gist-825 11 10 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 11 11 of of ADP gist-825 11 12 the the DET gist-825 11 13 test test NOUN gist-825 11 14 highlight highlight VERB gist-825 11 15 the the DET gist-825 11 16 lack lack NOUN gist-825 11 17 of of ADP gist-825 11 18 training training NOUN gist-825 11 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 11 20 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 11 21 in in ADP gist-825 11 22 the the DET gist-825 11 23 area area NOUN gist-825 11 24 of of ADP gist-825 11 25 language language NOUN gist-825 11 26 testing testing NOUN gist-825 11 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 11 28 as as ADV gist-825 11 29 well well ADV gist-825 11 30 as as ADP gist-825 11 31 the the DET gist-825 11 32 existing exist VERB gist-825 11 33 tensions tension NOUN gist-825 11 34 between between ADP gist-825 11 35 academic academic ADJ gist-825 11 36 expectations expectation NOUN gist-825 11 37 and and CCONJ gist-825 11 38 the the DET gist-825 11 39 administration administration NOUN gist-825 11 40 within within ADP gist-825 11 41 a a DET gist-825 11 42 university university NOUN gist-825 11 43 institution institution NOUN gist-825 11 44 . . PUNCT gist-825 12 1 key key ADJ gist-825 12 2 words word NOUN gist-825 12 3 : : PUNCT gist-825 12 4 language language NOUN gist-825 12 5 testing testing NOUN gist-825 12 6 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 12 7 placement placement NOUN gist-825 12 8 test test NOUN gist-825 12 9 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 12 10 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 12 11 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 12 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 12 13 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 12 14 test test NOUN gist-825 12 15 design design NOUN gist-825 12 16 resumen resuman NOUN gist-825 12 17 este este X gist-825 12 18 artículo artículo PROPN gist-825 12 19 de de X gist-825 12 20 reflexión reflexión PROPN gist-825 12 21 disemina disemina PROPN gist-825 12 22 el el PROPN gist-825 12 23 diseño diseño PROPN gist-825 12 24 e e PROPN gist-825 12 25 implementación implementación PROPN gist-825 12 26 de de PROPN gist-825 12 27 una una PROPN gist-825 12 28 prueba prueba PROPN gist-825 12 29 de de PROPN gist-825 12 30 clasificación clasificación PROPN gist-825 12 31 en en PROPN gist-825 12 32 inglés inglés PROPN gist-825 12 33 para para PROPN gist-825 12 34 estudiantes estudiantes PROPN gist-825 12 35 de de PROPN gist-825 12 36 primer primer PROPN gist-825 12 37 semestre semestre PROPN gist-825 12 38 en en PROPN gist-825 12 39 diversos diversos PROPN gist-825 12 40 programas programas PROPN gist-825 12 41 académicos académicos PROPN gist-825 12 42 . . PUNCT gist-825 13 1 tal tal PROPN gist-825 13 2 diseño diseño PROPN gist-825 13 3 se se PROPN gist-825 13 4 llevó llevó PROPN gist-825 13 5 a a DET gist-825 13 6 cabo cabo NOUN gist-825 13 7 en en PROPN gist-825 13 8 el el PROPN gist-825 13 9 marco marco PROPN gist-825 13 10 de de PROPN gist-825 13 11 un un PROPN gist-825 13 12 proyecto proyecto PROPN gist-825 13 13 de de X gist-825 13 14 investigación investigación PROPN gist-825 13 15 en en PROPN gist-825 13 16 una una PROPN gist-825 13 17 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 13 18 pública pública PROPN gist-825 13 19 colombiana colombiana PROPN gist-825 13 20 . . PUNCT gist-825 14 1 el el PROPN gist-825 14 2 artículo artículo PROPN gist-825 14 3 tiene tiene PROPN gist-825 14 4 un un PROPN gist-825 14 5 doble doble PROPN gist-825 14 6 propósito propósito PROPN gist-825 14 7 : : PUNCT gist-825 14 8 diseccionar diseccionar PROPN gist-825 14 9 las las PROPN gist-825 14 10 etapas etapas PROPN gist-825 14 11 conducentes conducente VERB gist-825 14 12 a a DET gist-825 14 13 una una PROPN gist-825 14 14 prueba prueba PROPN gist-825 14 15 y y PROPN gist-825 14 16 resaltar resaltar PROPN gist-825 14 17 la la PROPN gist-825 14 18 complejidad complejidad PROPN gist-825 14 19 que que PROPN gist-825 14 20 subyace subyace PROPN gist-825 14 21 a a PROPN gist-825 14 22 la la PROPN gist-825 14 23 concepción concepción NOUN gist-825 14 24 de de X gist-825 14 25 procesos procesos PROPN gist-825 14 26 evaluativos evaluativos ADV gist-825 14 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 14 28 de de PROPN gist-825 14 29 manera manera PROPN gist-825 14 30 que que X gist-825 14 31 los los PROPN gist-825 14 32 docentes docentes PROPN gist-825 14 33 de de X gist-825 14 34 lengua lengua PROPN gist-825 14 35 que que X gist-825 14 36 se se PROPN gist-825 14 37 embarcan embarcan PROPN gist-825 14 38 por por PROPN gist-825 14 39 primera primera PROPN gist-825 14 40 vez vez PROPN gist-825 14 41 en en X gist-825 14 42 la la PROPN gist-825 14 43 tarea tarea PROPN gist-825 14 44 de de PROPN gist-825 14 45 diseñar diseñar PROPN gist-825 14 46 exámenes exámene VERB gist-825 14 47 de de PROPN gist-825 14 48 clasificación clasificación PROPN gist-825 14 49 tengan tengan PROPN gist-825 14 50 un un PROPN gist-825 14 51 modelo modelo PROPN gist-825 14 52 y y PROPN gist-825 14 53 puedan puedan PROPN gist-825 14 54 prever prever PROPN gist-825 14 55 las las PROPN gist-825 14 56 diversas diversas PROPN gist-825 14 57 vicisitudes vicisitude NOUN gist-825 14 58 de de X gist-825 14 59 índole índole PROPN gist-825 14 60 académica académica PROPN gist-825 14 61 y y PROPN gist-825 14 62 administrativa administrativa PROPN gist-825 14 63 que que PROPN gist-825 14 64 se se PROPN gist-825 14 65 pueden pueden PROPN gist-825 14 66 presentar presentar PROPN gist-825 14 67 . . PUNCT gist-825 15 1 las las PROPN gist-825 15 2 conclusiones conclusiones PROPN gist-825 15 3 derivadas derivadas PROPN gist-825 15 4 del del PROPN gist-825 15 5 proceso proceso PROPN gist-825 15 6 de de PROPN gist-825 15 7 construcción construcción PROPN gist-825 15 8 e e PROPN gist-825 15 9 implementación implementación PROPN gist-825 15 10 de de PROPN gist-825 15 11 la la PROPN gist-825 15 12 prueba prueba X gist-825 15 13 remarcan remarcan PROPN gist-825 15 14 la la PROPN gist-825 15 15 falta falta PROPN gist-825 15 16 de de PROPN gist-825 15 17 formación formación PROPN gist-825 15 18 y y PROPN gist-825 15 19 literacidad literacidad PROPN gist-825 15 20 en en PROPN gist-825 15 21 el el PROPN gist-825 15 22 área área PROPN gist-825 15 23 de de PROPN gist-825 15 24 diseño diseño PROPN gist-825 15 25 de de X gist-825 15 26 pruebas pruebas PROPN gist-825 15 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 15 28 así así PROPN gist-825 15 29 como como PROPN gist-825 15 30 las las PROPN gist-825 15 31 tensiones tensiones PROPN gist-825 15 32 existentes existente VERB gist-825 15 33 entre entre PROPN gist-825 15 34 las las PROPN gist-825 15 35 expectativas expectativas PROPN gist-825 15 36 académicas académicas PROPN gist-825 15 37 y y PROPN gist-825 15 38 la la PROPN gist-825 15 39 administración administración PROPN gist-825 15 40 en en PROPN gist-825 15 41 el el PROPN gist-825 15 42 seno seno PROPN gist-825 15 43 de de PROPN gist-825 15 44 una una PROPN gist-825 15 45 institución institución PROPN gist-825 15 46 universitaria universitaria PROPN gist-825 15 47 . . PUNCT gist-825 16 1 palabras palabras PROPN gist-825 16 2 clave clave PROPN gist-825 16 3 : : PUNCT gist-825 16 4 evaluación evaluación PROPN gist-825 16 5 de de PROPN gist-825 16 6 lenguas lenguas PROPN gist-825 16 7 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 16 8 examen examen PROPN gist-825 16 9 de de PROPN gist-825 16 10 clasificación clasificación PROPN gist-825 16 11 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 16 12 evaluación evaluación PROPN gist-825 16 13 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 16 14 diseño diseño PROPN gist-825 16 15 de de ADP gist-825 16 16 pruebas pruebas PROPN gist-825 16 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 17 1 design design NOUN gist-825 17 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 17 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 17 4 of of ADP gist-825 17 5 an an DET gist-825 17 6 english english ADJ gist-825 17 7 test test NOUN gist-825 17 8 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 17 9 193 193 NUM gist-825 17 10 no no NOUN gist-825 17 11 . . NOUN gist-825 17 12 21 21 NUM gist-825 17 13 resumo resumo ADJ gist-825 17 14 este este X gist-825 17 15 artigo artigo PROPN gist-825 17 16 de de X gist-825 17 17 reflexão reflexão PROPN gist-825 17 18 dissemina dissemina PROPN gist-825 17 19 o o PROPN gist-825 17 20 desenho desenho PROPN gist-825 17 21 e e X gist-825 17 22 implementação implementação PROPN gist-825 17 23 de de X gist-825 17 24 uma uma X gist-825 17 25 prova prova X gist-825 17 26 de de X gist-825 17 27 classificação classificação PROPN gist-825 17 28 em em PRON gist-825 17 29 inglês inglê VERB gist-825 17 30 para para PROPN gist-825 17 31 estudantes estudante VERB gist-825 17 32 de de PROPN gist-825 17 33 primeiro primeiro PROPN gist-825 17 34 semestre semestre NOUN gist-825 17 35 em em PROPN gist-825 17 36 diversos diversos PROPN gist-825 17 37 programas programas PROPN gist-825 17 38 acadêmicos acadêmicos PROPN gist-825 17 39 . . PUNCT gist-825 18 1 tal tal PROPN gist-825 18 2 desenho desenho PROPN gist-825 18 3 foi foi PROPN gist-825 18 4 realizado realizado NOUN gist-825 18 5 no no DET gist-825 18 6 âmbito âmbito NOUN gist-825 18 7 de de X gist-825 18 8 um um INTJ gist-825 18 9 projeto projeto PROPN gist-825 18 10 de de X gist-825 18 11 pesquisa pesquisa PROPN gist-825 18 12 em em PROPN gist-825 18 13 uma uma PROPN gist-825 18 14 universidade universidade PROPN gist-825 18 15 pública pública PROPN gist-825 18 16 colombiana colombiana PROPN gist-825 18 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 19 1 o o PROPN gist-825 19 2 artigo artigo PROPN gist-825 19 3 tem tem PROPN gist-825 19 4 um um INTJ gist-825 19 5 duplo duplo PROPN gist-825 19 6 propósito propósito NOUN gist-825 19 7 : : PUNCT gist-825 19 8 analisar analisar NOUN gist-825 19 9 as as ADP gist-825 19 10 etapas etapa NOUN gist-825 19 11 que que PROPN gist-825 19 12 conduzem conduzem PROPN gist-825 19 13 a a DET gist-825 19 14 uma uma PROPN gist-825 19 15 prova prova X gist-825 19 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 19 17 e e PRON gist-825 19 18 ressaltar ressaltar VERB gist-825 19 19 a a DET gist-825 19 20 complexidade complexidade NOUN gist-825 19 21 que que PROPN gist-825 19 22 subjaz subjaz PROPN gist-825 19 23 à à X gist-825 19 24 concepção concepção PROPN gist-825 19 25 de de PROPN gist-825 19 26 processos processos PROPN gist-825 19 27 avaliativos avaliativos NOUN gist-825 19 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 19 29 de de PROPN gist-825 19 30 maneira maneira PROPN gist-825 19 31 que que PROPN gist-825 19 32 os os PROPN gist-825 19 33 docentes docentes PROPN gist-825 19 34 de de PROPN gist-825 19 35 língua língua PROPN gist-825 19 36 que que PROPN gist-825 19 37 se se PROPN gist-825 19 38 embarcam embarcam PROPN gist-825 19 39 pela pela PROPN gist-825 19 40 primeira primeira PROPN gist-825 19 41 vez vez PROPN gist-825 19 42 na na PROPN gist-825 19 43 tarefa tarefa PROPN gist-825 19 44 de de X gist-825 19 45 desenhar desenhar PROPN gist-825 19 46 provas provas PROPN gist-825 19 47 de de X gist-825 19 48 classificação classificação PROPN gist-825 19 49 , , PUNCT gist-825 19 50 tenham tenham PROPN gist-825 19 51 um um INTJ gist-825 19 52 modelo modelo PROPN gist-825 19 53 e e PROPN gist-825 19 54 possam possam PROPN gist-825 19 55 prever prever PROPN gist-825 19 56 as as SCONJ gist-825 19 57 diversas diversas PROPN gist-825 19 58 vicissitudes vicissitude NOUN gist-825 19 59 de de X gist-825 19 60 índole índole NOUN gist-825 19 61 acadêmica acadêmica PROPN gist-825 19 62 e e PROPN gist-825 19 63 administrativa administrativa PROPN gist-825 19 64 que que PROPN gist-825 19 65 se se PROPN gist-825 19 66 possam possam PROPN gist-825 19 67 apresentar apresentar PROPN gist-825 19 68 . . PUNCT gist-825 20 1 as as SCONJ gist-825 20 2 conclusões conclusões NOUN gist-825 20 3 derivadas derivada NOUN gist-825 20 4 do do AUX gist-825 20 5 processo processo X gist-825 20 6 de de X gist-825 20 7 construção construção PROPN gist-825 20 8 e e PROPN gist-825 20 9 implementação implementação PROPN gist-825 20 10 da da PROPN gist-825 20 11 prova prova PROPN gist-825 20 12 remarcam remarcam PROPN gist-825 20 13 a a DET gist-825 20 14 falta falta PROPN gist-825 20 15 de de X gist-825 20 16 formação formação PROPN gist-825 20 17 e e PROPN gist-825 20 18 alfabetização alfabetização NOUN gist-825 20 19 na na ADP gist-825 20 20 área área PROPN gist-825 20 21 de de X gist-825 20 22 desenho desenho PROPN gist-825 20 23 de de X gist-825 20 24 provas provas PROPN gist-825 20 25 , , PUNCT gist-825 20 26 bem bem PROPN gist-825 20 27 como como NOUN gist-825 20 28 as as ADP gist-825 20 29 tensões tensões NOUN gist-825 20 30 existentes existentes PART gist-825 20 31 entre entre PROPN gist-825 20 32 as as ADP gist-825 20 33 expectativas expectativas PROPN gist-825 20 34 acadêmicas acadêmicas PROPN gist-825 20 35 e e PROPN gist-825 20 36 a a DET gist-825 20 37 administração administração ADJ gist-825 20 38 dentro dentro X gist-825 20 39 de de X gist-825 20 40 uma uma PROPN gist-825 20 41 instituição instituição ADJ gist-825 20 42 universitária universitária PROPN gist-825 20 43 . . PUNCT gist-825 21 1 palavras palavras PROPN gist-825 21 2 chave chave PROPN gist-825 21 3 : : PUNCT gist-825 21 4 avaliação avaliação PROPN gist-825 21 5 de de PROPN gist-825 21 6 línguas línguas PROPN gist-825 21 7 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 21 8 prova prova X gist-825 21 9 de de X gist-825 21 10 classificação classificação PROPN gist-825 21 11 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 21 12 avaliação avaliação X gist-825 21 13 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 21 14 desenho desenho PROPN gist-825 21 15 de de PROPN gist-825 21 16 provas provas PROPN gist-825 21 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 22 1 design design NOUN gist-825 22 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 22 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 22 4 of of ADP gist-825 22 5 an an DET gist-825 22 6 english english ADJ gist-825 22 7 test test NOUN gist-825 22 8 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 22 9 194 194 NUM gist-825 22 10 no no NOUN gist-825 22 11 . . NOUN gist-825 22 12 21 21 NUM gist-825 22 13 introduction introduction NOUN gist-825 22 14 the the DET gist-825 22 15 use use NOUN gist-825 22 16 of of ADP gist-825 22 17 tests test NOUN gist-825 22 18 to to PART gist-825 22 19 keep keep VERB gist-825 22 20 track track NOUN gist-825 22 21 of of ADP gist-825 22 22 progress progress NOUN gist-825 22 23 and and CCONJ gist-825 22 24 measure measure VERB gist-825 22 25 users user NOUN gist-825 22 26 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 22 27 language language NOUN gist-825 22 28 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 22 29 constitutes constitute VERB gist-825 22 30 an an DET gist-825 22 31 ongoing ongoing ADJ gist-825 22 32 and and CCONJ gist-825 22 33 essential essential ADJ gist-825 22 34 activity activity NOUN gist-825 22 35 in in ADP gist-825 22 36 the the DET gist-825 22 37 field field NOUN gist-825 22 38 of of ADP gist-825 22 39 foreign foreign ADJ gist-825 22 40 language language NOUN gist-825 22 41 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 22 42 , , PUNCT gist-825 22 43 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 22 44 , , PUNCT gist-825 22 45 and and CCONJ gist-825 22 46 testing testing NOUN gist-825 22 47 processes process NOUN gist-825 22 48 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 22 49 douglas douglas PROPN gist-825 22 50 , , PUNCT gist-825 22 51 2010 2010 NUM gist-825 22 52 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 22 53 . . PUNCT gist-825 23 1 however however ADV gist-825 23 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 3 the the DET gist-825 23 4 literature literature NOUN gist-825 23 5 on on ADP gist-825 23 6 language language NOUN gist-825 23 7 testing testing NOUN gist-825 23 8 in in ADP gist-825 23 9 colombia colombia PROPN gist-825 23 10 suggests suggest VERB gist-825 23 11 that that SCONJ gist-825 23 12 language language NOUN gist-825 23 13 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 23 14 lack lack VERB gist-825 23 15 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 23 16 and and CCONJ gist-825 23 17 training training NOUN gist-825 23 18 in in ADP gist-825 23 19 this this DET gist-825 23 20 field field NOUN gist-825 23 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 22 which which PRON gist-825 23 23 means mean VERB gist-825 23 24 that that SCONJ gist-825 23 25 they they PRON gist-825 23 26 are be AUX gist-825 23 27 in in ADP gist-825 23 28 need need NOUN gist-825 23 29 of of ADP gist-825 23 30 strong strong ADJ gist-825 23 31 skills skill NOUN gist-825 23 32 for for ADP gist-825 23 33 the the DET gist-825 23 34 design design NOUN gist-825 23 35 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 36 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 23 37 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 38 and and CCONJ gist-825 23 39 research research NOUN gist-825 23 40 of of ADP gist-825 23 41 language language NOUN gist-825 23 42 tests test NOUN gist-825 23 43 for for ADP gist-825 23 44 various various ADJ gist-825 23 45 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 23 46 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 23 47 giraldo giraldo NOUN gist-825 23 48 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 49 2018a 2018a NUM gist-825 23 50 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 51 2018b 2018b NUM gist-825 23 52 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 23 53 lópez lópez PROPN gist-825 23 54 & & CCONJ gist-825 23 55 bernal bernal PROPN gist-825 23 56 , , PUNCT gist-825 23 57 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 23 58 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 23 59 . . PUNCT gist-825 24 1 using use VERB gist-825 24 2 tests test NOUN gist-825 24 3 for for ADP gist-825 24 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 24 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 24 6 however however ADV gist-825 24 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 24 8 is be AUX gist-825 24 9 an an DET gist-825 24 10 activity activity NOUN gist-825 24 11 that that PRON gist-825 24 12 underlies underlie VERB gist-825 24 13 the the DET gist-825 24 14 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 24 15 profession profession NOUN gist-825 24 16 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 24 17 this this PRON gist-825 24 18 allows allow VERB gist-825 24 19 to to PART gist-825 24 20 infer infer VERB gist-825 24 21 that that SCONJ gist-825 24 22 gaps gap NOUN gist-825 24 23 in in ADP gist-825 24 24 terms term NOUN gist-825 24 25 of of ADP gist-825 24 26 testing testing NOUN gist-825 24 27 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 24 28 and and CCONJ gist-825 24 29 training training NOUN gist-825 24 30 might might AUX gist-825 24 31 be be AUX gist-825 24 32 leading lead VERB gist-825 24 33 to to PART gist-825 24 34 commit commit VERB gist-825 24 35 several several ADJ gist-825 24 36 irregularities irregularity NOUN gist-825 24 37 in in ADP gist-825 24 38 their their PRON gist-825 24 39 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 24 40 processes process NOUN gist-825 24 41 . . PUNCT gist-825 25 1 in in ADP gist-825 25 2 the the DET gist-825 25 3 same same ADJ gist-825 25 4 vein vein NOUN gist-825 25 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 25 6 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 25 7 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 25 8 2019 2019 NUM gist-825 25 9 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 25 10 remarks remark VERB gist-825 25 11 that that SCONJ gist-825 25 12 poor poor ADJ gist-825 25 13 quality quality NOUN gist-825 25 14 in in ADP gist-825 25 15 test test NOUN gist-825 25 16 design design NOUN gist-825 25 17 “ " PUNCT gist-825 25 18 may may AUX gist-825 25 19 disorient disorient VERB gist-825 25 20 language language NOUN gist-825 25 21 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 25 22 and and CCONJ gist-825 25 23 learning learning NOUN gist-825 25 24 ” " PUNCT gist-825 25 25 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 25 26 p. p. NOUN gist-825 25 27 124 124 NUM gist-825 25 28 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 25 29 as as ADP gist-825 25 30 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 25 31 that that PRON gist-825 25 32 derive derive VERB gist-825 25 33 from from ADP gist-825 25 34 test test NOUN gist-825 25 35 results result NOUN gist-825 25 36 may may AUX gist-825 25 37 lack lack VERB gist-825 25 38 solid solid ADJ gist-825 25 39 grounds ground NOUN gist-825 25 40 . . PUNCT gist-825 26 1 the the DET gist-825 26 2 design design NOUN gist-825 26 3 and and CCONJ gist-825 26 4 development development NOUN gist-825 26 5 of of ADP gist-825 26 6 language language NOUN gist-825 26 7 tests test NOUN gist-825 26 8 within within ADP gist-825 26 9 an an DET gist-825 26 10 institution institution NOUN gist-825 26 11 is be AUX gist-825 26 12 desirable desirable ADJ gist-825 26 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 26 14 not not PART gist-825 26 15 only only ADV gist-825 26 16 because because SCONJ gist-825 26 17 it it PRON gist-825 26 18 can can AUX gist-825 26 19 help help VERB gist-825 26 20 minimize minimize VERB gist-825 26 21 the the DET gist-825 26 22 purchase purchase NOUN gist-825 26 23 of of ADP gist-825 26 24 commercial commercial ADJ gist-825 26 25 tests test NOUN gist-825 26 26 — — PUNCT gist-825 26 27 which which PRON gist-825 26 28 are be AUX gist-825 26 29 not not PART gist-825 26 30 tailored tailor VERB gist-825 26 31 to to ADP gist-825 26 32 the the DET gist-825 26 33 needs need NOUN gist-825 26 34 of of ADP gist-825 26 35 a a DET gist-825 26 36 particular particular ADJ gist-825 26 37 institution institution NOUN gist-825 26 38 or or CCONJ gist-825 26 39 context context NOUN gist-825 26 40 — — PUNCT gist-825 26 41 but but CCONJ gist-825 26 42 it it PRON gist-825 26 43 also also ADV gist-825 26 44 empowers empower VERB gist-825 26 45 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 26 46 and and CCONJ gist-825 26 47 contributes contribute VERB gist-825 26 48 to to ADP gist-825 26 49 their their PRON gist-825 26 50 continuous continuous ADJ gist-825 26 51 training training NOUN gist-825 26 52 in in ADP gist-825 26 53 terms term NOUN gist-825 26 54 of of ADP gist-825 26 55 language language NOUN gist-825 26 56 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 26 57 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 26 58 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 26 59 lal lal PROPN gist-825 26 60 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 26 61 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 26 62 lópez lópez PROPN gist-825 26 63 & & CCONJ gist-825 26 64 bernal bernal PROPN gist-825 26 65 , , PUNCT gist-825 26 66 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 26 67 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 26 68 . . PUNCT gist-825 27 1 the the DET gist-825 27 2 latter latter ADJ gist-825 27 3 translates translate VERB gist-825 27 4 into into ADP gist-825 27 5 greater great ADJ gist-825 27 6 expertise expertise NOUN gist-825 27 7 and and CCONJ gist-825 27 8 diversification diversification NOUN gist-825 27 9 of of ADP gist-825 27 10 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 27 11 techniques technique NOUN gist-825 27 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 27 13 as as ADV gist-825 27 14 well well ADV gist-825 27 15 as as ADP gist-825 27 16 the the DET gist-825 27 17 development development NOUN gist-825 27 18 of of ADP gist-825 27 19 constant constant ADJ gist-825 27 20 reflection reflection NOUN gist-825 27 21 and and CCONJ gist-825 27 22 critical critical ADJ gist-825 27 23 thinking thinking NOUN gist-825 27 24 towards towards ADP gist-825 27 25 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 27 26 and and CCONJ gist-825 27 27 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 27 28 . . PUNCT gist-825 28 1 with with ADP gist-825 28 2 this this PRON gist-825 28 3 in in ADP gist-825 28 4 mind mind NOUN gist-825 28 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 28 6 and and CCONJ gist-825 28 7 in in ADP gist-825 28 8 view view NOUN gist-825 28 9 of of ADP gist-825 28 10 the the DET gist-825 28 11 need need NOUN gist-825 28 12 for for ADP gist-825 28 13 an an DET gist-825 28 14 english english ADJ gist-825 28 15 placement placement NOUN gist-825 28 16 test test NOUN gist-825 28 17 in in ADP gist-825 28 18 a a DET gist-825 28 19 colombian colombian ADJ gist-825 28 20 public public ADJ gist-825 28 21 university university NOUN gist-825 28 22 , , PUNCT gist-825 28 23 a a DET gist-825 28 24 research research NOUN gist-825 28 25 project project NOUN gist-825 28 26 was be AUX gist-825 28 27 designed design VERB gist-825 28 28 with with ADP gist-825 28 29 a a DET gist-825 28 30 twofold twofold ADJ gist-825 28 31 objective objective NOUN gist-825 28 32 : : PUNCT gist-825 28 33 on on ADP gist-825 28 34 the the DET gist-825 28 35 one one NUM gist-825 28 36 hand hand NOUN gist-825 28 37 , , PUNCT gist-825 28 38 to to PART gist-825 28 39 train train VERB gist-825 28 40 a a DET gist-825 28 41 group group NOUN gist-825 28 42 of of ADP gist-825 28 43 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 28 44 in in ADP gist-825 28 45 the the DET gist-825 28 46 techniques technique NOUN gist-825 28 47 for for ADP gist-825 28 48 the the DET gist-825 28 49 design design NOUN gist-825 28 50 of of ADP gist-825 28 51 tests test NOUN gist-825 28 52 and and CCONJ gist-825 28 53 their their PRON gist-825 28 54 subsequent subsequent ADJ gist-825 28 55 statistical statistical ADJ gist-825 28 56 analysis analysis NOUN gist-825 28 57 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 28 58 and and CCONJ gist-825 28 59 on on ADP gist-825 28 60 the the DET gist-825 28 61 other other ADJ gist-825 28 62 hand hand NOUN gist-825 28 63 , , PUNCT gist-825 28 64 to to PART gist-825 28 65 design design VERB gist-825 28 66 a a DET gist-825 28 67 placement placement NOUN gist-825 28 68 test test NOUN gist-825 28 69 , , PUNCT gist-825 28 70 with with ADP gist-825 28 71 high high ADJ gist-825 28 72 quality quality NOUN gist-825 28 73 standards standard NOUN gist-825 28 74 , , PUNCT gist-825 28 75 that that PRON gist-825 28 76 fulfilled fulfil VERB gist-825 28 77 the the DET gist-825 28 78 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 28 79 needs need NOUN gist-825 28 80 . . PUNCT gist-825 29 1 this this DET gist-825 29 2 paper paper NOUN gist-825 29 3 presents present VERB gist-825 29 4 the the DET gist-825 29 5 different different ADJ gist-825 29 6 stages stage NOUN gist-825 29 7 that that PRON gist-825 29 8 made make VERB gist-825 29 9 up up ADP gist-825 29 10 the the DET gist-825 29 11 design design NOUN gist-825 29 12 of of ADP gist-825 29 13 the the DET gist-825 29 14 placement placement NOUN gist-825 29 15 tests test NOUN gist-825 29 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 29 17 interwoven interweave VERB gist-825 29 18 with with ADP gist-825 29 19 the the DET gist-825 29 20 literature literature PROPN gist-825 29 21 review review PROPN gist-825 29 22 , , PUNCT gist-825 29 23 the the DET gist-825 29 24 theoretical theoretical ADJ gist-825 29 25 considerations consideration NOUN gist-825 29 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 29 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 29 28 the the DET gist-825 29 29 reflection reflection NOUN gist-825 29 30 on on ADP gist-825 29 31 the the DET gist-825 29 32 various various ADJ gist-825 29 33 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 29 34 experienced experience VERB gist-825 29 35 at at ADP gist-825 29 36 each each DET gist-825 29 37 stage stage NOUN gist-825 29 38 by by ADP gist-825 29 39 me i PRON gist-825 29 40 as as ADP gist-825 29 41 the the DET gist-825 29 42 person person NOUN gist-825 29 43 who who PRON gist-825 29 44 conducted conduct VERB gist-825 29 45 the the DET gist-825 29 46 training training NOUN gist-825 29 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 29 48 and and CCONJ gist-825 29 49 by by ADP gist-825 29 50 my my PRON gist-825 29 51 colleagues colleague NOUN gist-825 29 52 as as ADP gist-825 29 53 trainees trainee NOUN gist-825 29 54 . . PUNCT gist-825 30 1 it it PRON gist-825 30 2 is be AUX gist-825 30 3 my my PRON gist-825 30 4 hope hope NOUN gist-825 30 5 that that SCONJ gist-825 30 6 other other ADJ gist-825 30 7 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 30 8 who who PRON gist-825 30 9 embark embark VERB gist-825 30 10 for for ADP gist-825 30 11 the the DET gist-825 30 12 first first ADJ gist-825 30 13 time time NOUN gist-825 30 14 on on ADP gist-825 30 15 this this DET gist-825 30 16 ambitious ambitious ADJ gist-825 30 17 task task NOUN gist-825 30 18 have have AUX gist-825 30 19 a a DET gist-825 30 20 model model NOUN gist-825 30 21 and and CCONJ gist-825 30 22 can can AUX gist-825 30 23 anticipate anticipate VERB gist-825 30 24 the the DET gist-825 30 25 various various ADJ gist-825 30 26 vicissitudes vicissitude NOUN gist-825 30 27 of of ADP gist-825 30 28 academic academic ADJ gist-825 30 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 30 30 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 30 31 nature nature NOUN gist-825 30 32 that that PRON gist-825 30 33 may may AUX gist-825 30 34 arise arise VERB gist-825 30 35 along along ADP gist-825 30 36 the the DET gist-825 30 37 process process NOUN gist-825 30 38 . . PUNCT gist-825 31 1 context context VERB gist-825 31 2 the the DET gist-825 31 3 research research NOUN gist-825 31 4 project project NOUN gist-825 31 5 from from ADP gist-825 31 6 where where SCONJ gist-825 31 7 this this DET gist-825 31 8 paper paper NOUN gist-825 31 9 derives derive VERB gist-825 31 10 took take VERB gist-825 31 11 place place NOUN gist-825 31 12 at at ADP gist-825 31 13 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 31 14 del del PROPN gist-825 31 15     SPACE gist-825 31 16 valle valle NOUN gist-825 31 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 31 18 a a DET gist-825 31 19 public public ADJ gist-825 31 20 university university NOUN gist-825 31 21 in in ADP gist-825 31 22 the the DET gist-825 31 23 southwest southwest PROPN gist-825 31 24 colombia colombia PROPN gist-825 31 25 . . PUNCT gist-825 32 1 initially initially ADV gist-825 32 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 32 3 this this DET gist-825 32 4 institution institution NOUN gist-825 32 5 offered offer VERB gist-825 32 6 a a DET gist-825 32 7 program program NOUN gist-825 32 8 of of ADP gist-825 32 9 reading read VERB gist-825 32 10 in in ADP gist-825 32 11 english english PROPN gist-825 32 12 for for ADP gist-825 32 13 specific specific ADJ gist-825 32 14 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 32 15 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 32 16 esp esp ADV gist-825 32 17 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 32 18 to to ADP gist-825 32 19 all all DET gist-825 32 20 the the DET gist-825 32 21 majors major NOUN gist-825 32 22 on on ADP gist-825 32 23 campus campus NOUN gist-825 32 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 32 25 composed compose VERB gist-825 32 26 by by ADP gist-825 32 27 four four NUM gist-825 32 28 courses course NOUN gist-825 32 29 . . PUNCT gist-825 33 1 however however ADV gist-825 33 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 33 3 the the DET gist-825 33 4 current current ADJ gist-825 33 5 demands demand NOUN gist-825 33 6 of of ADP gist-825 33 7 globalization globalization NOUN gist-825 33 8 have have AUX gist-825 33 9 pushed push VERB gist-825 33 10 the the DET gist-825 33 11 university university NOUN gist-825 33 12 into into ADP gist-825 33 13 academic academic ADJ gist-825 33 14 dynamics dynamic NOUN gist-825 33 15 that that PRON gist-825 33 16 require require VERB gist-825 33 17 moving move VERB gist-825 33 18 from from ADP gist-825 33 19 design design NOUN gist-825 33 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 33 21 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 33 22 of of ADP gist-825 33 23 an an DET gist-825 33 24 english english ADJ gist-825 33 25 test test NOUN gist-825 33 26 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 33 27 195 195 NUM gist-825 33 28 no no NOUN gist-825 33 29 . . NOUN gist-825 33 30 21 21 NUM gist-825 33 31 merely merely ADV gist-825 33 32 consulting consult VERB gist-825 33 33 information information NOUN gist-825 33 34 in in ADP gist-825 33 35 a a DET gist-825 33 36 foreign foreign ADJ gist-825 33 37 language language NOUN gist-825 33 38 , , PUNCT gist-825 33 39 to to ADP gist-825 33 40 a a DET gist-825 33 41 more more ADV gist-825 33 42 complex complex ADJ gist-825 33 43 need need NOUN gist-825 33 44 of of ADP gist-825 33 45 communicating communicate VERB gist-825 33 46 in in ADP gist-825 33 47 general general ADJ gist-825 33 48 and and CCONJ gist-825 33 49 academic academic ADJ gist-825 33 50 english english PROPN gist-825 33 51 . . PUNCT gist-825 34 1 accordingly accordingly ADV gist-825 34 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 34 3 the the DET gist-825 34 4 university university NOUN gist-825 34 5 shifted shift VERB gist-825 34 6 from from ADP gist-825 34 7 the the DET gist-825 34 8 esp esp ADJ gist-825 34 9 program program NOUN gist-825 34 10 to to ADP gist-825 34 11 an an DET gist-825 34 12 english english PROPN gist-825 34 13 for for ADP gist-825 34 14 general general ADJ gist-825 34 15 and and CCONJ gist-825 34 16 academic academic ADJ gist-825 34 17 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 34 18 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 34 19 egap egap NOUN gist-825 34 20 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 34 21 program program NOUN gist-825 34 22 in in ADP gist-825 34 23 order order NOUN gist-825 34 24 for for SCONJ gist-825 34 25 all all DET gist-825 34 26 undergraduate undergraduate NOUN gist-825 34 27 program program NOUN gist-825 34 28 students student NOUN gist-825 34 29 to to PART gist-825 34 30 reach reach VERB gist-825 34 31 a a DET gist-825 34 32 b1 b1 NOUN gist-825 34 33 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 34 34 level level NOUN gist-825 34 35 in in ADP gist-825 34 36 a a DET gist-825 34 37 foreign foreign ADJ gist-825 34 38 language language NOUN gist-825 34 39 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 34 40 resolution resolution NOUN gist-825 34 41 no no INTJ gist-825 34 42 . . PUNCT gist-825 34 43     SPACE gist-825 34 44 136 136 NUM gist-825 34 45 by by ADP gist-825 34 46 the the DET gist-825 34 47 academic academic ADJ gist-825 34 48 council council NOUN gist-825 34 49 of of ADP gist-825 34 50 the the DET gist-825 34 51 university university PROPN gist-825 34 52 of of ADP gist-825 34 53 valle valle NOUN gist-825 34 54 , , PUNCT gist-825 34 55 december december PROPN gist-825 34 56 22nd 22nd NOUN gist-825 34 57 2017 2017 NUM gist-825 34 58 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 34 59 . . PUNCT gist-825 35 1 with with ADP gist-825 35 2 a a DET gist-825 35 3 new new ADJ gist-825 35 4 english english ADJ gist-825 35 5 program program NOUN gist-825 35 6 in in ADP gist-825 35 7 execution execution NOUN gist-825 35 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 35 9 the the DET gist-825 35 10 university university NOUN gist-825 35 11 administration administration NOUN gist-825 35 12 commissioned commission VERB gist-825 35 13 its its PRON gist-825 35 14 english english ADJ gist-825 35 15 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 35 16 to to PART gist-825 35 17 take take VERB gist-825 35 18 on on ADP gist-825 35 19 the the DET gist-825 35 20 design design NOUN gist-825 35 21 of of ADP gist-825 35 22 the the DET gist-825 35 23 test test NOUN gist-825 35 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 35 25 although although SCONJ gist-825 35 26 such such DET gist-825 35 27 a a DET gist-825 35 28 task task NOUN gist-825 35 29 would would AUX gist-825 35 30 be be AUX gist-825 35 31 much much ADV gist-825 35 32 more more ADV gist-825 35 33 complicated complicated ADJ gist-825 35 34 than than SCONJ gist-825 35 35 expected expect VERB gist-825 35 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 36 1 first first ADV gist-825 36 2 of of ADP gist-825 36 3 all all PRON gist-825 36 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 36 5 most most ADJ gist-825 36 6 english english ADJ gist-825 36 7 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 36 8 lacked lack VERB gist-825 36 9 from from ADP gist-825 36 10 language language NOUN gist-825 36 11 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 36 12 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 36 13 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 36 14 lal lal PROPN gist-825 36 15 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 36 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 36 17 as as SCONJ gist-825 36 18 stated state VERB gist-825 36 19 by by ADP gist-825 36 20 the the DET gist-825 36 21 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 36 22 themselves themselves PRON gist-825 36 23 . . PUNCT gist-825 37 1 lal lal PROPN gist-825 37 2 is be AUX gist-825 37 3 defined define VERB gist-825 37 4 as as ADP gist-825 37 5 the the DET gist-825 37 6 “ " PUNCT gist-825 37 7 knowledge knowledge NOUN gist-825 37 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 37 9 skills skill NOUN gist-825 37 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 37 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 37 12 principles principle NOUN gist-825 37 13 in in ADP gist-825 37 14 language language NOUN gist-825 37 15 testing testing NOUN gist-825 37 16 ” " PUNCT gist-825 37 17 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 37 18 p. p. NOUN gist-825 37 19     SPACE gist-825 37 20 180 180 NUM gist-825 37 21 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 37 22 by by ADP gist-825 37 23 different different ADJ gist-825 37 24 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 37 25 . . PUNCT gist-825 38 1 such such ADJ gist-825 38 2 lack lack NOUN gist-825 38 3 had have AUX gist-825 38 4 been be AUX gist-825 38 5 previously previously ADV gist-825 38 6 documented document VERB gist-825 38 7 by by ADP gist-825 38 8 lópez lópez NOUN gist-825 38 9 and and CCONJ gist-825 38 10 bernal bernal PROPN gist-825 38 11 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 38 12 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 38 13 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 38 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 38 15 who who PRON gist-825 38 16 drew draw VERB gist-825 38 17 attention attention NOUN gist-825 38 18 to to ADP gist-825 38 19 the the DET gist-825 38 20 low low ADJ gist-825 38 21 presence presence NOUN gist-825 38 22 of of ADP gist-825 38 23 language language NOUN gist-825 38 24 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 38 25 training training NOUN gist-825 38 26 in in ADP gist-825 38 27 university university NOUN gist-825 38 28 undergraduate undergraduate NOUN gist-825 38 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 38 30 graduate graduate NOUN gist-825 38 31 programs program NOUN gist-825 38 32 in in ADP gist-825 38 33 colombia colombia PROPN gist-825 38 34 . . PUNCT gist-825 39 1 with with ADP gist-825 39 2 this this PRON gist-825 39 3 in in ADP gist-825 39 4 mind mind NOUN gist-825 39 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 39 6 a a DET gist-825 39 7 team team NOUN gist-825 39 8 of of ADP gist-825 39 9 7 7 NUM gist-825 39 10 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 39 11 was be AUX gist-825 39 12 gathered gather VERB gist-825 39 13 and and CCONJ gist-825 39 14 trained train VERB gist-825 39 15 in in ADP gist-825 39 16 the the DET gist-825 39 17 basics basic NOUN gist-825 39 18 of of ADP gist-825 39 19 language language NOUN gist-825 39 20 testing testing NOUN gist-825 39 21 for for ADP gist-825 39 22 one one NUM gist-825 39 23 semester semester NOUN gist-825 39 24 . . PUNCT gist-825 40 1 the the DET gist-825 40 2 trained train VERB gist-825 40 3 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 40 4 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 40 5 hereinafter hereinafter NOUN gist-825 40 6 referred refer VERB gist-825 40 7 to to ADP gist-825 40 8 as as ADP gist-825 40 9 the the DET gist-825 40 10 team team NOUN gist-825 40 11 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 40 12 were be AUX gist-825 40 13 part part NOUN gist-825 40 14 of of ADP gist-825 40 15 the the DET gist-825 40 16 english english PROPN gist-825 40 17 for for ADP gist-825 40 18 general general ADJ gist-825 40 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 40 20 academic academic ADJ gist-825 40 21 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 40 22 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 40 23 egap egap NOUN gist-825 40 24 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 40 25 section section NOUN gist-825 40 26 at at ADP gist-825 40 27 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 40 28 del del PROPN gist-825 40 29     SPACE gist-825 40 30 valle valle NOUN gist-825 40 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 40 32 which which PRON gist-825 40 33 offers offer VERB gist-825 40 34 its its PRON gist-825 40 35 services service NOUN gist-825 40 36 to to ADP gist-825 40 37 all all DET gist-825 40 38 the the DET gist-825 40 39 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ gist-825 40 40 programs program NOUN gist-825 40 41 on on ADP gist-825 40 42 campus campus NOUN gist-825 40 43 . . PUNCT gist-825 41 1 after after ADP gist-825 41 2 the the DET gist-825 41 3 training training NOUN gist-825 41 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 41 5 a a DET gist-825 41 6 research research NOUN gist-825 41 7 project3 project3 NOUN gist-825 41 8 was be AUX gist-825 41 9 conducted conduct VERB gist-825 41 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 41 11 resulting result VERB gist-825 41 12 in in ADP gist-825 41 13 the the DET gist-825 41 14 design design NOUN gist-825 41 15 and and CCONJ gist-825 41 16 piloting piloting NOUN gist-825 41 17 of of ADP gist-825 41 18 the the DET gist-825 41 19 univalle univalle NOUN gist-825 41 20 ’s ’s PART gist-825 41 21 english english PROPN gist-825 41 22 placement placement NOUN gist-825 41 23 test test NOUN gist-825 41 24 uveplat uveplat NOUN gist-825 41 25 . . PUNCT gist-825 42 1 the the DET gist-825 42 2 test test NOUN gist-825 42 3 comprises comprise VERB gist-825 42 4 52 52 NUM gist-825 42 5 different different ADJ gist-825 42 6 items item NOUN gist-825 42 7 and and CCONJ gist-825 42 8 places place NOUN gist-825 42 9 test test NOUN gist-825 42 10 takers taker NOUN gist-825 42 11 in in ADP gist-825 42 12 levels level NOUN gist-825 42 13     SPACE gist-825 42 14 a2 a2 PROPN gist-825 42 15 to to PART gist-825 42 16 b2 b2 VERB gist-825 42 17 according accord VERB gist-825 42 18 to to ADP gist-825 42 19 the the DET gist-825 42 20 common common ADJ gist-825 42 21 european european ADJ gist-825 42 22 framework framework NOUN gist-825 42 23 of of ADP gist-825 42 24 reference reference NOUN gist-825 42 25 for for ADP gist-825 42 26 languages language NOUN gist-825 42 27 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 42 28 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 42 29 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 42 30 . . PUNCT gist-825 43 1 uveplat uveplat PROPN gist-825 43 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 43 3 which which PRON gist-825 43 4 requires require VERB gist-825 43 5 one one NUM gist-825 43 6 hour hour NOUN gist-825 43 7 for for ADP gist-825 43 8 its its PRON gist-825 43 9 completion completion NOUN gist-825 43 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 43 11 evaluates evaluate VERB gist-825 43 12 test test NOUN gist-825 43 13 takers taker NOUN gist-825 43 14 in in ADP gist-825 43 15 reading read VERB gist-825 43 16 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 43 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 43 18 listening listen VERB gist-825 43 19 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 43 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 43 21 grammar grammar NOUN gist-825 43 22 structures structure NOUN gist-825 43 23 and and CCONJ gist-825 43 24 vocabulary vocabulary NOUN gist-825 43 25 . . PUNCT gist-825 44 1 the the DET gist-825 44 2 next next ADJ gist-825 44 3 section section NOUN gist-825 44 4 of of ADP gist-825 44 5 this this DET gist-825 44 6 paper paper NOUN gist-825 44 7 gathers gather VERB gist-825 44 8 the the DET gist-825 44 9 guidelines guideline NOUN gist-825 44 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 44 11 recommendations recommendation NOUN gist-825 44 12 and and CCONJ gist-825 44 13 reflections reflection NOUN gist-825 44 14 that that PRON gist-825 44 15 resulted result VERB gist-825 44 16 from from ADP gist-825 44 17 designing design VERB gist-825 44 18 team team NOUN gist-825 44 19 ’s ’s PART gist-825 44 20 experience experience NOUN gist-825 44 21 . . PUNCT gist-825 45 1 guidelines guideline NOUN gist-825 45 2 for for ADP gist-825 45 3 the the DET gist-825 45 4 design design NOUN gist-825 45 5 of of ADP gist-825 45 6 an an DET gist-825 45 7 english english ADJ gist-825 45 8 placement placement NOUN gist-825 45 9 test test NOUN gist-825 45 10 diagnosing diagnose VERB gist-825 45 11 language language NOUN gist-825 45 12 testing testing NOUN gist-825 45 13 practices practice NOUN gist-825 45 14 in in ADP gist-825 45 15 the the DET gist-825 45 16 institution institution NOUN gist-825 45 17 the the DET gist-825 45 18 starting starting NOUN gist-825 45 19 point point NOUN gist-825 45 20 for for ADP gist-825 45 21 the the DET gist-825 45 22 design design NOUN gist-825 45 23 of of ADP gist-825 45 24 a a DET gist-825 45 25 test test NOUN gist-825 45 26 that that PRON gist-825 45 27 will will AUX gist-825 45 28 fulfill fulfill VERB gist-825 45 29 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 45 30 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 45 31 must must AUX gist-825 45 32 be be AUX gist-825 45 33 the the DET gist-825 45 34 meticulous meticulous ADJ gist-825 45 35 analysis analysis NOUN gist-825 45 36 of of ADP gist-825 45 37 the the DET gist-825 45 38 context context NOUN gist-825 45 39 in in ADP gist-825 45 40 which which PRON gist-825 45 41 the the DET gist-825 45 42 test test NOUN gist-825 45 43 will will AUX gist-825 45 44 be be AUX gist-825 45 45 applied apply VERB gist-825 45 46 , , PUNCT gist-825 45 47 in in ADP gist-825 45 48 terms term NOUN gist-825 45 49 of of ADP gist-825 45 50 four four NUM gist-825 45 51 fundamental fundamental ADJ gist-825 45 52 elements element NOUN gist-825 45 53 : : PUNCT gist-825 45 54 the the DET gist-825 45 55 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 45 56 practices practice NOUN gist-825 45 57 established establish VERB gist-825 45 58 in in ADP gist-825 45 59 the the DET gist-825 45 60 institution institution NOUN gist-825 45 61 , , PUNCT gist-825 45 62 the the DET gist-825 45 63 specific specific ADJ gist-825 45 64 situations situation NOUN gist-825 45 65 in in ADP gist-825 45 66 which which PRON gist-825 45 67 a a DET gist-825 45 68 language language NOUN gist-825 45 69 test test NOUN gist-825 45 70 is be AUX gist-825 45 71 needed need VERB gist-825 45 72 , , PUNCT gist-825 45 73 the the DET gist-825 45 74 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 45 75 language language NOUN gist-825 45 76 policies policy NOUN gist-825 45 77 3 3 NUM gist-825 45 78 this this DET gist-825 45 79 research research NOUN gist-825 45 80 project project NOUN gist-825 45 81 aimed aim VERB gist-825 45 82 at at ADP gist-825 45 83 piloting pilot VERB gist-825 45 84 the the DET gist-825 45 85 test test NOUN gist-825 45 86 and and CCONJ gist-825 45 87 measuring measure VERB gist-825 45 88 its its PRON gist-825 45 89 item item NOUN gist-825 45 90 difficulty difficulty NOUN gist-825 45 91 and and CCONJ gist-825 45 92 discrimination discrimination NOUN gist-825 45 93 indexes index NOUN gist-825 45 94 . . PUNCT gist-825 46 1 the the DET gist-825 46 2 results result NOUN gist-825 46 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 46 4 as as ADV gist-825 46 5 well well ADV gist-825 46 6 as as ADP gist-825 46 7 a a DET gist-825 46 8 deeper deep ADJ gist-825 46 9 technical technical ADJ gist-825 46 10 characterization characterization NOUN gist-825 46 11 of of ADP gist-825 46 12 the the DET gist-825 46 13 test test NOUN gist-825 46 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 46 15 can can AUX gist-825 46 16 be be AUX gist-825 46 17 found find VERB gist-825 46 18 in in ADP gist-825 46 19 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 46 20 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 46 21 2020 2020 NUM gist-825 46 22 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 46 23 . . PUNCT gist-825 47 1 design design NOUN gist-825 47 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 47 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 47 4 of of ADP gist-825 47 5 an an DET gist-825 47 6 english english ADJ gist-825 47 7 test test NOUN gist-825 47 8 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 47 9 196 196 NUM gist-825 47 10 no no NOUN gist-825 47 11 . . PROPN gist-825 47 12 21 21 NUM gist-825 47 13 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 47 14 or or CCONJ gist-825 47 15 lack lack VERB gist-825 47 16 thereof thereof ADV gist-825 47 17 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 47 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 47 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 47 20 the the DET gist-825 47 21 different different ADJ gist-825 47 22 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 47 23 involved involve VERB gist-825 47 24 in in ADP gist-825 47 25 the the DET gist-825 47 26 testing testing NOUN gist-825 47 27 process process NOUN gist-825 47 28 . . PUNCT gist-825 48 1 i i PRON gist-825 48 2 now now ADV gist-825 48 3 move move VERB gist-825 48 4 on on ADP gist-825 48 5 to to ADP gist-825 48 6 exploring explore VERB gist-825 48 7 each each DET gist-825 48 8 one one NUM gist-825 48 9 of of ADP gist-825 48 10 these these DET gist-825 48 11 elements element NOUN gist-825 48 12 . . PUNCT gist-825 49 1 first first ADV gist-825 49 2 of of ADP gist-825 49 3 all all PRON gist-825 49 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 49 5 the the DET gist-825 49 6 recognition recognition NOUN gist-825 49 7 of of ADP gist-825 49 8 pre pre ADJ gist-825 49 9 - - ADJ gist-825 49 10 established established ADJ gist-825 49 11 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 49 12 practices practice NOUN gist-825 49 13 regarding regard VERB gist-825 49 14 the the DET gist-825 49 15 use use NOUN gist-825 49 16 of of ADP gist-825 49 17 language language NOUN gist-825 49 18 tests test NOUN gist-825 49 19 ensures ensure VERB gist-825 49 20 a a DET gist-825 49 21 clear clear ADJ gist-825 49 22 landscape landscape NOUN gist-825 49 23 of of ADP gist-825 49 24 what what PRON gist-825 49 25 to to PART gist-825 49 26 keep keep VERB gist-825 49 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 49 28 what what PRON gist-825 49 29 to to PART gist-825 49 30 avoid avoid VERB gist-825 49 31 in in ADP gist-825 49 32 the the DET gist-825 49 33 design design NOUN gist-825 49 34 of of ADP gist-825 49 35 a a DET gist-825 49 36 new new ADJ gist-825 49 37 test test NOUN gist-825 49 38 . . PUNCT gist-825 50 1 for for ADP gist-825 50 2 instance instance NOUN gist-825 50 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 50 4 in in ADP gist-825 50 5 the the DET gist-825 50 6 particular particular ADJ gist-825 50 7 case case NOUN gist-825 50 8 that that PRON gist-825 50 9 feeds feed VERB gist-825 50 10 this this DET gist-825 50 11 article article NOUN gist-825 50 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 50 13 a a DET gist-825 50 14 first first ADJ gist-825 50 15 glimpse glimpse NOUN gist-825 50 16 into into ADP gist-825 50 17 the the DET gist-825 50 18 university university NOUN gist-825 50 19 allowed allow VERB gist-825 50 20 for for ADP gist-825 50 21 the the DET gist-825 50 22 identification identification NOUN gist-825 50 23 of of ADP gist-825 50 24 two two NUM gist-825 50 25 practices practice NOUN gist-825 50 26 that that PRON gist-825 50 27 were be AUX gist-825 50 28 common common ADJ gist-825 50 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 50 30 traditionally traditionally ADV gist-825 50 31 passed pass VERB gist-825 50 32 on on ADP gist-825 50 33 among among ADP gist-825 50 34 language language NOUN gist-825 50 35 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 50 36 : : PUNCT gist-825 50 37 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 50 38 frankensteining frankensteine VERB gist-825 50 39 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 50 40 tests test VERB gist-825 50 41 out out ADP gist-825 50 42 of of ADP gist-825 50 43 different different ADJ gist-825 50 44 materials material NOUN gist-825 50 45 , , PUNCT gist-825 50 46 and and CCONJ gist-825 50 47 solving solve VERB gist-825 50 48 any any DET gist-825 50 49 testing testing NOUN gist-825 50 50 need need NOUN gist-825 50 51 through through ADP gist-825 50 52 the the DET gist-825 50 53 use use NOUN gist-825 50 54 of of ADP gist-825 50 55 commercial commercial ADJ gist-825 50 56 testing testing NOUN gist-825 50 57 platforms platform NOUN gist-825 50 58 . . PUNCT gist-825 51 1 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 51 2 frankensteining frankensteine VERB gist-825 51 3 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 51 4 or or CCONJ gist-825 51 5 making make VERB gist-825 51 6 exams exam NOUN gist-825 51 7 out out ADP gist-825 51 8 of of ADP gist-825 51 9 several several ADJ gist-825 51 10 pieces piece NOUN gist-825 51 11 coming come VERB gist-825 51 12 from from ADP gist-825 51 13 test test NOUN gist-825 51 14 preparation preparation NOUN gist-825 51 15 books book NOUN gist-825 51 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 51 17 previously previously ADV gist-825 51 18 discarded discard VERB gist-825 51 19 tests test NOUN gist-825 51 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 51 21 or or CCONJ gist-825 51 22 even even ADV gist-825 51 23 the the DET gist-825 51 24 internet internet NOUN gist-825 51 25 , , PUNCT gist-825 51 26 revealed reveal VERB gist-825 51 27 a a DET gist-825 51 28 deep deep ADJ gist-825 51 29 lack lack NOUN gist-825 51 30 of of ADP gist-825 51 31 awareness awareness NOUN gist-825 51 32 towards towards ADP gist-825 51 33 testing testing NOUN gist-825 51 34 design design NOUN gist-825 51 35 on on ADP gist-825 51 36 the the DET gist-825 51 37 part part NOUN gist-825 51 38 of of ADP gist-825 51 39 the the DET gist-825 51 40 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 51 41 . . PUNCT gist-825 52 1 similarly similarly ADV gist-825 52 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 52 3 the the DET gist-825 52 4 analysis analysis NOUN gist-825 52 5 of of ADP gist-825 52 6 the the DET gist-825 52 7 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 52 8 context context NOUN gist-825 52 9 revealed reveal VERB gist-825 52 10 the the DET gist-825 52 11 unsystematic unsystematic ADJ gist-825 52 12 use use NOUN gist-825 52 13 of of ADP gist-825 52 14 commercial commercial ADJ gist-825 52 15 tests test NOUN gist-825 52 16 for for ADP gist-825 52 17 multiple multiple ADJ gist-825 52 18 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 52 19 within within ADP gist-825 52 20 the the DET gist-825 52 21 institution institution NOUN gist-825 52 22 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 52 23 for for ADP gist-825 52 24 example example NOUN gist-825 52 25 , , PUNCT gist-825 52 26 a a DET gist-825 52 27 commercial commercial ADJ gist-825 52 28 quickplacement quickplacement NOUN gist-825 52 29 test test NOUN gist-825 52 30 had have AUX gist-825 52 31 been be AUX gist-825 52 32 used use VERB gist-825 52 33 to to PART gist-825 52 34 verify verify VERB gist-825 52 35 different different ADJ gist-825 52 36 levels level NOUN gist-825 52 37 of of ADP gist-825 52 38 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 52 39 , , PUNCT gist-825 52 40 to to PART gist-825 52 41 place place VERB gist-825 52 42 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ gist-825 52 43 students student NOUN gist-825 52 44 into into ADP gist-825 52 45 levels level NOUN gist-825 52 46 of of ADP gist-825 52 47 the the DET gist-825 52 48 curriculum curriculum NOUN gist-825 52 49 , , PUNCT gist-825 52 50 and and CCONJ gist-825 52 51 to to PART gist-825 52 52 determine determine VERB gist-825 52 53 the the DET gist-825 52 54 entrance entrance NOUN gist-825 52 55 of of ADP gist-825 52 56 graduate graduate ADJ gist-825 52 57 students student NOUN gist-825 52 58 into into ADP gist-825 52 59 certain certain ADJ gist-825 52 60 programs program NOUN gist-825 52 61 . . PUNCT gist-825 53 1 not not PART gist-825 53 2 only only ADV gist-825 53 3 did do AUX gist-825 53 4 both both PRON gist-825 53 5 of of ADP gist-825 53 6 these these DET gist-825 53 7 practices practice NOUN gist-825 53 8 exposed expose VERB gist-825 53 9 the the DET gist-825 53 10 administration administration NOUN gist-825 53 11 ’s ’s PART gist-825 53 12 misinformation misinformation NOUN gist-825 53 13 towards towards ADP gist-825 53 14 fundamental fundamental ADJ gist-825 53 15 principles principle NOUN gist-825 53 16 of of ADP gist-825 53 17 testing testing NOUN gist-825 53 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 53 19 such such ADJ gist-825 53 20 as as ADP gist-825 53 21 validity validity NOUN gist-825 53 22 and and CCONJ gist-825 53 23 reliability reliability NOUN gist-825 53 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 53 25 but but CCONJ gist-825 53 26 it it PRON gist-825 53 27 also also ADV gist-825 53 28 evinced evince VERB gist-825 53 29 that that SCONJ gist-825 53 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 53 31 when when SCONJ gist-825 53 32 it it PRON gist-825 53 33 comes come VERB gist-825 53 34 to to ADP gist-825 53 35 language language NOUN gist-825 53 36 policies policy NOUN gist-825 53 37 at at ADP gist-825 53 38 a a DET gist-825 53 39 university university NOUN gist-825 53 40 , , PUNCT gist-825 53 41 there there PRON gist-825 53 42 might might AUX gist-825 53 43 be be AUX gist-825 53 44 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 53 45 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 53 46 made make VERB gist-825 53 47 by by ADP gist-825 53 48 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 53 49 authorities authority NOUN gist-825 53 50 that that PRON gist-825 53 51 do do AUX gist-825 53 52 not not PART gist-825 53 53 take take VERB gist-825 53 54 into into ADP gist-825 53 55 account account NOUN gist-825 53 56 the the DET gist-825 53 57 participation participation NOUN gist-825 53 58 or or CCONJ gist-825 53 59 scrutiny scrutiny NOUN gist-825 53 60 of of ADP gist-825 53 61 language language NOUN gist-825 53 62 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 53 63 or or CCONJ gist-825 53 64 testing testing NOUN gist-825 53 65 experts expert NOUN gist-825 53 66 . . PUNCT gist-825 54 1 the the DET gist-825 54 2 excessive excessive ADJ gist-825 54 3 use use NOUN gist-825 54 4 of of ADP gist-825 54 5 commercial commercial ADJ gist-825 54 6 tests test NOUN gist-825 54 7 and and CCONJ gist-825 54 8 the the DET gist-825 54 9 practice practice NOUN gist-825 54 10 of of ADP gist-825 54 11 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 54 12 frankensteining frankensteining NOUN gist-825 54 13 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 54 14 respond respond VERB gist-825 54 15 to to ADP gist-825 54 16 the the DET gist-825 54 17 aministration aministration NOUN gist-825 54 18 ’s ’s PART gist-825 54 19 lack lack NOUN gist-825 54 20 of of ADP gist-825 54 21 awareness awareness NOUN gist-825 54 22 about about ADP gist-825 54 23 the the DET gist-825 54 24 complexity complexity NOUN gist-825 54 25 of of ADP gist-825 54 26 language language NOUN gist-825 54 27 testing testing NOUN gist-825 54 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 54 30 about about ADP gist-825 54 31 the the DET gist-825 54 32 intricacy intricacy NOUN gist-825 54 33 of of ADP gist-825 54 34 several several ADJ gist-825 54 35 aspects aspect NOUN gist-825 54 36 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 54 37 time time NOUN gist-825 54 38 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 39 resources resource NOUN gist-825 54 40 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 41 budget budget NOUN gist-825 54 42 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 43 training training NOUN gist-825 54 44 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 45 etc etc X gist-825 54 46 . . X gist-825 54 47 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 54 48 behind behind ADP gist-825 54 49 the the DET gist-825 54 50 design design NOUN gist-825 54 51 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 52 piloting piloting ADJ gist-825 54 53 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 54 and and CCONJ gist-825 54 55 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 54 56 of of ADP gist-825 54 57 a a DET gist-825 54 58 test test NOUN gist-825 54 59 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 54 60 such such DET gist-825 54 61 a a DET gist-825 54 62 lack lack NOUN gist-825 54 63 of of ADP gist-825 54 64 awareness awareness NOUN gist-825 54 65 might might AUX gist-825 54 66 explain explain VERB gist-825 54 67 the the DET gist-825 54 68 administration administration NOUN gist-825 54 69 ’s ’s PART gist-825 54 70 constant constant ADJ gist-825 54 71 and and CCONJ gist-825 54 72 urgent urgent ADJ gist-825 54 73 demand demand NOUN gist-825 54 74 for for ADP gist-825 54 75 language language NOUN gist-825 54 76 test test NOUN gist-825 54 77 scores score NOUN gist-825 54 78 for for ADP gist-825 54 79 various various ADJ gist-825 54 80 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 54 81 , , PUNCT gist-825 54 82 as as ADV gist-825 54 83 well well ADV gist-825 54 84 as as ADP gist-825 54 85 the the DET gist-825 54 86 seeming seeming ADJ gist-825 54 87 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 54 88 idea idea NOUN gist-825 54 89 that that SCONJ gist-825 54 90 one one NUM gist-825 54 91 single single ADJ gist-825 54 92 test test NOUN gist-825 54 93 might might AUX gist-825 54 94 solve solve VERB gist-825 54 95 a a DET gist-825 54 96 plethora plethora NOUN gist-825 54 97 of of ADP gist-825 54 98 needs need NOUN gist-825 54 99 . . PUNCT gist-825 55 1 it it PRON gist-825 55 2 is be AUX gist-825 55 3 necessary necessary ADJ gist-825 55 4 to to PART gist-825 55 5 establish establish VERB gist-825 55 6 the the DET gist-825 55 7 different different ADJ gist-825 55 8 needs need NOUN gist-825 55 9 that that PRON gist-825 55 10 the the DET gist-825 55 11 institution institution NOUN gist-825 55 12 has have VERB gist-825 55 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 55 14 as as ADV gist-825 55 15 well well ADV gist-825 55 16 as as ADP gist-825 55 17 the the DET gist-825 55 18 nature nature NOUN gist-825 55 19 of of ADP gist-825 55 20 the the DET gist-825 55 21 tests test NOUN gist-825 55 22 required require VERB gist-825 55 23 for for ADP gist-825 55 24 each each DET gist-825 55 25 need need NOUN gist-825 55 26 . . PUNCT gist-825 56 1 in in ADP gist-825 56 2 the the DET gist-825 56 3 colombian colombian ADJ gist-825 56 4 context context NOUN gist-825 56 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 56 6 for for ADP gist-825 56 7 instance instance NOUN gist-825 56 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 56 9 several several ADJ gist-825 56 10 universities university NOUN gist-825 56 11 usually usually ADV gist-825 56 12 make make VERB gist-825 56 13 use use NOUN gist-825 56 14 of of ADP gist-825 56 15 placement placement NOUN gist-825 56 16 tests test NOUN gist-825 56 17 and and CCONJ gist-825 56 18 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 56 19 tests test NOUN gist-825 56 20 for for ADP gist-825 56 21 different different ADJ gist-825 56 22 types type NOUN gist-825 56 23 of of ADP gist-825 56 24 test test NOUN gist-825 56 25 takers taker NOUN gist-825 56 26 including include VERB gist-825 56 27 aspiring aspire VERB gist-825 56 28 students student NOUN gist-825 56 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 56 30 enrolled enrol VERB gist-825 56 31 students student NOUN gist-825 56 32 , , PUNCT gist-825 56 33 faculty faculty NOUN gist-825 56 34 and and CCONJ gist-825 56 35 staff staff NOUN gist-825 56 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 57 1 not not PART gist-825 57 2 all all PRON gist-825 57 3 of of ADP gist-825 57 4 these these DET gist-825 57 5 audiences audience NOUN gist-825 57 6 pursue pursue VERB gist-825 57 7 the the DET gist-825 57 8 same same ADJ gist-825 57 9 language language NOUN gist-825 57 10 programs program NOUN gist-825 57 11 or or CCONJ gist-825 57 12 linguistic linguistic ADJ gist-825 57 13 skills skill NOUN gist-825 57 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 57 15 so so SCONJ gist-825 57 16 chances chance NOUN gist-825 57 17 are be AUX gist-825 57 18 that that SCONJ gist-825 57 19 the the DET gist-825 57 20 nature nature NOUN gist-825 57 21 of of ADP gist-825 57 22 the the DET gist-825 57 23 test test NOUN gist-825 57 24 might might AUX gist-825 57 25 vary vary VERB gist-825 57 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 57 27 going go VERB gist-825 57 28 from from ADP gist-825 57 29 language language NOUN gist-825 57 30 for for ADP gist-825 57 31 general general ADJ gist-825 57 32 communicative communicative ADJ gist-825 57 33 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 57 34 , , PUNCT gist-825 57 35 or or CCONJ gist-825 57 36 a a DET gist-825 57 37 particular particular ADJ gist-825 57 38 skill skill NOUN gist-825 57 39 , , PUNCT gist-825 57 40 such such ADJ gist-825 57 41 as as ADP gist-825 57 42 reading reading NOUN gist-825 57 43 or or CCONJ gist-825 57 44 writing writing NOUN gist-825 57 45 , , PUNCT gist-825 57 46 for for ADP gist-825 57 47 specific specific ADJ gist-825 57 48 or or CCONJ gist-825 57 49 academic academic ADJ gist-825 57 50 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 57 51 . . PUNCT gist-825 58 1 third third ADV gist-825 58 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 58 3 the the DET gist-825 58 4 recognition recognition NOUN gist-825 58 5 of of ADP gist-825 58 6 language language NOUN gist-825 58 7 policies policy NOUN gist-825 58 8 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 58 9 or or CCONJ gist-825 58 10 their their PRON gist-825 58 11 inexistence inexistence NOUN gist-825 58 12 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 58 13 determines determine VERB gist-825 58 14 a a DET gist-825 58 15 legal legal ADJ gist-825 58 16 framework framework NOUN gist-825 58 17 for for ADP gist-825 58 18 language language NOUN gist-825 58 19 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 58 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 58 21 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 58 22 and and CCONJ gist-825 58 23 testing testing NOUN gist-825 58 24 in in ADP gist-825 58 25 the the DET gist-825 58 26 institution institution NOUN gist-825 58 27 . . PUNCT gist-825 59 1 for for ADP gist-825 59 2 example example NOUN gist-825 59 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 59 4 in in ADP gist-825 59 5 the the DET gist-825 59 6 university university NOUN gist-825 59 7 where where SCONJ gist-825 59 8 this this DET gist-825 59 9 study study NOUN gist-825 59 10 was be AUX gist-825 59 11 carried carry VERB gist-825 59 12 out out ADP gist-825 59 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 59 14 language language NOUN gist-825 59 15 policies policy NOUN gist-825 59 16 were be AUX gist-825 59 17 still still ADV gist-825 59 18 in in ADP gist-825 59 19 the the DET gist-825 59 20 making making NOUN gist-825 59 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 59 22 and and CCONJ gist-825 59 23 no no DET gist-825 59 24 light light NOUN gist-825 59 25 had have AUX gist-825 59 26 been be AUX gist-825 59 27 shed shed VERB gist-825 59 28 on on ADP gist-825 59 29 the the DET gist-825 59 30 case case NOUN gist-825 59 31 of of ADP gist-825 59 32 indigenous indigenous ADJ gist-825 59 33 people people NOUN gist-825 59 34 , , PUNCT gist-825 59 35 who who PRON gist-825 59 36 were be AUX gist-825 59 37 required require VERB gist-825 59 38 to to PART gist-825 59 39 demonstrate demonstrate VERB gist-825 59 40 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 59 41 in in ADP gist-825 59 42 an an DET gist-825 59 43 l2 l2 NOUN gist-825 59 44 through through ADP gist-825 59 45 an an DET gist-825 59 46 english english ADJ gist-825 59 47 test test NOUN gist-825 59 48 , , PUNCT gist-825 59 49 completely completely ADV gist-825 59 50 design design NOUN gist-825 59 51 and and CCONJ gist-825 59 52 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 59 53 of of ADP gist-825 59 54 an an DET gist-825 59 55 english english ADJ gist-825 59 56 test test NOUN gist-825 59 57 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 59 58 197 197 NUM gist-825 59 59 no no NOUN gist-825 59 60 . . NOUN gist-825 59 61 21 21 NUM gist-825 59 62 ignoring ignore VERB gist-825 59 63 that that SCONJ gist-825 59 64 they they PRON gist-825 59 65 are be AUX gist-825 59 66 users user NOUN gist-825 59 67 of of ADP gist-825 59 68 two two NUM gist-825 59 69 or or CCONJ gist-825 59 70 more more ADJ gist-825 59 71 languages language NOUN gist-825 59 72 already already ADV gist-825 59 73 . . PUNCT gist-825 60 1 if if SCONJ gist-825 60 2 language language NOUN gist-825 60 3 policies policy NOUN gist-825 60 4 exist exist VERB gist-825 60 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 60 6 then then ADV gist-825 60 7 the the DET gist-825 60 8 design design NOUN gist-825 60 9 and and CCONJ gist-825 60 10 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 60 11 of of ADP gist-825 60 12 new new ADJ gist-825 60 13 tests test NOUN gist-825 60 14 have have VERB gist-825 60 15 to to PART gist-825 60 16 be be AUX gist-825 60 17 planned plan VERB gist-825 60 18 around around ADP gist-825 60 19 the the DET gist-825 60 20 former former ADJ gist-825 60 21 . . PUNCT gist-825 61 1 otherwise otherwise ADV gist-825 61 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 61 3 the the DET gist-825 61 4 issuing issuing NOUN gist-825 61 5 of of ADP gist-825 61 6 new new ADJ gist-825 61 7 language language NOUN gist-825 61 8 policies policy NOUN gist-825 61 9 must must AUX gist-825 61 10 encompass encompass VERB gist-825 61 11 the the DET gist-825 61 12 type type NOUN gist-825 61 13 of of ADP gist-825 61 14 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 61 15 and and CCONJ gist-825 61 16 tests test NOUN gist-825 61 17 that that PRON gist-825 61 18 will will AUX gist-825 61 19 be be AUX gist-825 61 20 needed need VERB gist-825 61 21 . . PUNCT gist-825 62 1 finally finally ADV gist-825 62 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 62 3 recognizing recognize VERB gist-825 62 4 the the DET gist-825 62 5 different different ADJ gist-825 62 6 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 62 7 involved involve VERB gist-825 62 8 in in ADP gist-825 62 9 the the DET gist-825 62 10 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 62 11 activity activity NOUN gist-825 62 12 is be AUX gist-825 62 13 paramount paramount ADJ gist-825 62 14 for for ADP gist-825 62 15 the the DET gist-825 62 16 quality quality NOUN gist-825 62 17 of of ADP gist-825 62 18 the the DET gist-825 62 19 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 62 20 processes process NOUN gist-825 62 21 : : PUNCT gist-825 62 22 language language NOUN gist-825 62 23 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 62 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 62 25 test test NOUN gist-825 62 26 designers designer NOUN gist-825 62 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 62 28 test test NOUN gist-825 62 29 takers taker NOUN gist-825 62 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 62 31 and and CCONJ gist-825 62 32 the the DET gist-825 62 33 university university NOUN gist-825 62 34 administration administration NOUN gist-825 62 35 shape shape VERB gist-825 62 36 an an DET gist-825 62 37 intricate intricate ADJ gist-825 62 38 gear gear NOUN gist-825 62 39 where where SCONJ gist-825 62 40 the the DET gist-825 62 41 role role NOUN gist-825 62 42 of of ADP gist-825 62 43 each each DET gist-825 62 44 one one NOUN gist-825 62 45 must must AUX gist-825 62 46 be be AUX gist-825 62 47 clearly clearly ADV gist-825 62 48 established establish VERB gist-825 62 49 and and CCONJ gist-825 62 50 held hold VERB gist-825 62 51 accountable accountable ADJ gist-825 62 52 for for ADP gist-825 62 53 their their PRON gist-825 62 54 participation participation NOUN gist-825 62 55 in in ADP gist-825 62 56 the the DET gist-825 62 57 testing testing NOUN gist-825 62 58 matters matter NOUN gist-825 62 59 . . PUNCT gist-825 63 1 setting set VERB gist-825 63 2 up up ADP gist-825 63 3 a a DET gist-825 63 4 test test NOUN gist-825 63 5 design design NOUN gist-825 63 6 team team NOUN gist-825 63 7 as as SCONJ gist-825 63 8 stated state VERB gist-825 63 9 before before ADV gist-825 63 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 63 11 a a DET gist-825 63 12 team team NOUN gist-825 63 13 of of ADP gist-825 63 14 7 7 NUM gist-825 63 15 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 63 16 was be AUX gist-825 63 17 gathered gather VERB gist-825 63 18 and and CCONJ gist-825 63 19 trained train VERB gist-825 63 20 in in ADP gist-825 63 21 the the DET gist-825 63 22 basics basic NOUN gist-825 63 23 of of ADP gist-825 63 24 language language NOUN gist-825 63 25 testing testing NOUN gist-825 63 26 for for ADP gist-825 63 27 one one NUM gist-825 63 28 semester semester NOUN gist-825 63 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 63 30 in in ADP gist-825 63 31 weekly weekly ADJ gist-825 63 32 workshop workshop NOUN gist-825 63 33 sessions session NOUN gist-825 63 34 of of ADP gist-825 63 35 three three NUM gist-825 63 36 hours hour NOUN gist-825 63 37 . . PUNCT gist-825 64 1 the the DET gist-825 64 2 rationale rationale NOUN gist-825 64 3 behind behind ADP gist-825 64 4 this this DET gist-825 64 5 training training NOUN gist-825 64 6 program program NOUN gist-825 64 7 is be AUX gist-825 64 8 the the DET gist-825 64 9 fact fact NOUN gist-825 64 10 that that SCONJ gist-825 64 11 test test NOUN gist-825 64 12 design design NOUN gist-825 64 13 is be AUX gist-825 64 14 a a DET gist-825 64 15 daunting daunting ADJ gist-825 64 16 task task NOUN gist-825 64 17 that that PRON gist-825 64 18 “ " PUNCT gist-825 64 19 requires require VERB gist-825 64 20 attention attention NOUN gist-825 64 21 to to ADP gist-825 64 22 a a DET gist-825 64 23 considerable considerable ADJ gist-825 64 24 number number NOUN gist-825 64 25 of of ADP gist-825 64 26 theoretical theoretical ADJ gist-825 64 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 64 28 technical technical ADJ gist-825 64 29 details detail NOUN gist-825 64 30 ” " PUNCT gist-825 64 31 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 64 32 giraldo giraldo NOUN gist-825 64 33 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 34 2019 2019 NUM gist-825 64 35 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 36 p. p. NOUN gist-825 64 37     SPACE gist-825 64 38 124 124 NUM gist-825 64 39 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 64 40 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 64 41 thus thus ADV gist-825 64 42 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 43 the the DET gist-825 64 44 training training NOUN gist-825 64 45 program program NOUN gist-825 64 46 encompassed encompass VERB gist-825 64 47 six six NUM gist-825 64 48 elements element NOUN gist-825 64 49 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 50 as as SCONJ gist-825 64 51 summarized summarize VERB gist-825 64 52 in in ADP gist-825 64 53 the the DET gist-825 64 54 following follow VERB gist-825 64 55 graph graph NOUN gist-825 64 56 : : PUNCT gist-825 64 57 figure figure NOUN gist-825 64 58     SPACE gist-825 64 59 1 1 NUM gist-825 64 60 : : PUNCT gist-825 64 61 test test NOUN gist-825 64 62 design design NOUN gist-825 64 63 training training NOUN gist-825 64 64 components component NOUN gist-825 64 65 for for ADP gist-825 64 66 the the DET gist-825 64 67 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 64 68 of of ADP gist-825 64 69 this this DET gist-825 64 70 paper paper NOUN gist-825 64 71 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 72 i i PRON gist-825 64 73 have have AUX gist-825 64 74 intentionally intentionally ADV gist-825 64 75 chosen choose VERB gist-825 64 76 the the DET gist-825 64 77 term term NOUN gist-825 64 78 training training NOUN gist-825 64 79 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 80 and and CCONJ gist-825 64 81 not not PART gist-825 64 82 professional professional ADJ gist-825 64 83 development development NOUN gist-825 64 84 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 85 mainly mainly ADV gist-825 64 86 because because SCONJ gist-825 64 87 the the DET gist-825 64 88 workshops workshop NOUN gist-825 64 89 imparted impart VERB gist-825 64 90 to to ADP gist-825 64 91 the the DET gist-825 64 92 trainees trainee NOUN gist-825 64 93 were be AUX gist-825 64 94 conducted conduct VERB gist-825 64 95 with with ADP gist-825 64 96 a a DET gist-825 64 97 specific specific ADJ gist-825 64 98 and and CCONJ gist-825 64 99 terminal terminal ADJ gist-825 64 100 purpose purpose NOUN gist-825 64 101 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 102 seeking seek VERB gist-825 64 103 to to PART gist-825 64 104 respond respond VERB gist-825 64 105 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 106 in in ADP gist-825 64 107 the the DET gist-825 64 108 short short ADJ gist-825 64 109 term term NOUN gist-825 64 110 , , PUNCT gist-825 64 111 to to ADP gist-825 64 112 an an DET gist-825 64 113 urgent urgent ADJ gist-825 64 114 request request NOUN gist-825 64 115 from from ADP gist-825 64 116 the the DET gist-825 64 117 university university NOUN gist-825 64 118 . . PUNCT gist-825 65 1 however however ADV gist-825 65 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 3 this this DET gist-825 65 4 type type NOUN gist-825 65 5 of of ADP gist-825 65 6 training training NOUN gist-825 65 7 could could AUX gist-825 65 8 design design VERB gist-825 65 9 and and CCONJ gist-825 65 10 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 65 11 of of ADP gist-825 65 12 an an DET gist-825 65 13 english english ADJ gist-825 65 14 test test NOUN gist-825 65 15 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 65 16 198 198 NUM gist-825 65 17 no no NOUN gist-825 65 18 . . NOUN gist-825 65 19 21 21 NUM gist-825 65 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 65 21 should should AUX gist-825 65 22 evolve evolve VERB gist-825 65 23 into into ADP gist-825 65 24 professional professional ADJ gist-825 65 25 development development NOUN gist-825 65 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 27 understood understand VERB gist-825 65 28 as as ADP gist-825 65 29 a a DET gist-825 65 30 constant constant ADJ gist-825 65 31 process process NOUN gist-825 65 32 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 33 a a DET gist-825 65 34 continuous continuous ADJ gist-825 65 35 activity activity NOUN gist-825 65 36 focused focus VERB gist-825 65 37 on on ADP gist-825 65 38 the the DET gist-825 65 39 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 65 40 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 41 and and CCONJ gist-825 65 42 not not PART gist-825 65 43 merely merely ADV gist-825 65 44 consisting consist VERB gist-825 65 45 of of ADP gist-825 65 46 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 65 47 one one NUM gist-825 65 48 - - PUNCT gist-825 65 49 shot shot NOUN gist-825 65 50 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 65 51 workshops workshop NOUN gist-825 65 52 or or CCONJ gist-825 65 53 lectures lecture NOUN gist-825 65 54 focused focus VERB gist-825 65 55 on on ADP gist-825 65 56 a a DET gist-825 65 57 specific specific ADJ gist-825 65 58 product product NOUN gist-825 65 59 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 65 60 armbruster armbruster PROPN gist-825 65 61 & & CCONJ gist-825 65 62 osborn osborn PROPN gist-825 65 63 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 64 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 65 65 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 65 66 joyce joyce PROPN gist-825 65 67 & & CCONJ gist-825 65 68 showers shower NOUN gist-825 65 69 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 70 2002 2002 NUM gist-825 65 71 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 65 72 cooper cooper NOUN gist-825 65 73 , , PUNCT gist-825 65 74 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 65 75 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 65 76 . . PUNCT gist-825 66 1 the the DET gist-825 66 2 first first ADJ gist-825 66 3 three three NUM gist-825 66 4 components component NOUN gist-825 66 5 were be AUX gist-825 66 6 covered cover VERB gist-825 66 7 through through ADP gist-825 66 8 the the DET gist-825 66 9 study study NOUN gist-825 66 10 of of ADP gist-825 66 11 different different ADJ gist-825 66 12 postulates postulate NOUN gist-825 66 13 by by ADP gist-825 66 14 bachman bachman NOUN gist-825 66 15 and and CCONJ gist-825 66 16 palmer palmer PROPN gist-825 66 17 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 66 18 1996 1996 NUM gist-825 66 19 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 66 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 66 21 carr carr PROPN gist-825 66 22 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 66 23 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 66 24 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 66 25 , , PUNCT gist-825 66 26 douglas douglas PROPN gist-825 66 27 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 66 28 2010 2010 NUM gist-825 66 29 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 66 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 66 31 and and CCONJ gist-825 66 32 shohamy shohamy NOUN gist-825 66 33 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 66 34 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 66 35 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 66 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 67 1 through through ADP gist-825 67 2 several several ADJ gist-825 67 3 study study NOUN gist-825 67 4 - - PUNCT gist-825 67 5 group group NOUN gist-825 67 6 sessions session NOUN gist-825 67 7 and and CCONJ gist-825 67 8 workshops workshop NOUN gist-825 67 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 67 10 this this DET gist-825 67 11 component component NOUN gist-825 67 12 started start VERB gist-825 67 13 with with ADP gist-825 67 14 the the DET gist-825 67 15 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 67 16 of of ADP gist-825 67 17 how how SCONJ gist-825 67 18 abstract abstract ADJ gist-825 67 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 67 20 challenging challenge VERB gist-825 67 21 the the DET gist-825 67 22 idea idea NOUN gist-825 67 23 of of ADP gist-825 67 24 measuring measure VERB gist-825 67 25 linguistic linguistic ADJ gist-825 67 26 performance performance NOUN gist-825 67 27 can can AUX gist-825 67 28 be be AUX gist-825 67 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 67 30 went go VERB gist-825 67 31 on on ADP gist-825 67 32 to to PART gist-825 67 33 deepen deepen VERB gist-825 67 34 into into ADP gist-825 67 35 the the DET gist-825 67 36 definitions definition NOUN gist-825 67 37 of of ADP gist-825 67 38 fundamental fundamental ADJ gist-825 67 39 concepts concept NOUN gist-825 67 40 . . PUNCT gist-825 68 1 it it PRON gist-825 68 2 is be AUX gist-825 68 3 worth worth ADJ gist-825 68 4 mentioning mention VERB gist-825 68 5 that that SCONJ gist-825 68 6 at at ADP gist-825 68 7 the the DET gist-825 68 8 beginning beginning NOUN gist-825 68 9 of of ADP gist-825 68 10 the the DET gist-825 68 11 training training NOUN gist-825 68 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 68 13 most most ADJ gist-825 68 14 participants participant NOUN gist-825 68 15 seemed seem VERB gist-825 68 16 overconfident overconfident ADJ gist-825 68 17 regarding regard VERB gist-825 68 18 the the DET gist-825 68 19 training training NOUN gist-825 68 20 program program NOUN gist-825 68 21 components component NOUN gist-825 68 22 as as SCONJ gist-825 68 23 these these DET gist-825 68 24 topics topic NOUN gist-825 68 25 are be AUX gist-825 68 26 expected expect VERB gist-825 68 27 to to PART gist-825 68 28 be be AUX gist-825 68 29 mastered master VERB gist-825 68 30 by by ADP gist-825 68 31 any any DET gist-825 68 32 seasoned seasoned ADJ gist-825 68 33 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 68 34 . . PUNCT gist-825 69 1 furthermore furthermore ADV gist-825 69 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 69 3 according accord VERB gist-825 69 4 to to ADP gist-825 69 5 participants participant NOUN gist-825 69 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 69 7 testing testing NOUN gist-825 69 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 69 9 assessing assess VERB gist-825 69 10 languages language NOUN gist-825 69 11 are be AUX gist-825 69 12 tasks task NOUN gist-825 69 13 that that SCONJ gist-825 69 14 they they PRON gist-825 69 15 perform perform VERB gist-825 69 16 on on ADP gist-825 69 17 a a DET gist-825 69 18 regular regular ADJ gist-825 69 19 basis basis NOUN gist-825 69 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 69 21 so so ADV gist-825 69 22 they they PRON gist-825 69 23 trusted trust VERB gist-825 69 24 they they PRON gist-825 69 25 had have VERB gist-825 69 26 a a DET gist-825 69 27 decent decent ADJ gist-825 69 28 mastery mastery NOUN gist-825 69 29 of of ADP gist-825 69 30 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 69 31 design design NOUN gist-825 69 32 . . PUNCT gist-825 70 1 the the DET gist-825 70 2 first first ADJ gist-825 70 3 training training NOUN gist-825 70 4 sessions session NOUN gist-825 70 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 6 however however ADV gist-825 70 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 8 showed show VERB gist-825 70 9 otherwise otherwise ADV gist-825 70 10 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 70 11 not not PART gist-825 70 12 only only ADV gist-825 70 13 did do AUX gist-825 70 14 the the DET gist-825 70 15 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 70 16 ignore ignore VERB gist-825 70 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 18 or or CCONJ gist-825 70 19 had have AUX gist-825 70 20 forgotten forget VERB gist-825 70 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 22 basic basic ADJ gist-825 70 23 concepts concept NOUN gist-825 70 24 such such ADJ gist-825 70 25 as as ADP gist-825 70 26 construct construct NOUN gist-825 70 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 28 reliability reliability NOUN gist-825 70 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 30 validity validity NOUN gist-825 70 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 32 washback washback NOUN gist-825 70 33 effect effect NOUN gist-825 70 34 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 35 and and CCONJ gist-825 70 36 the the DET gist-825 70 37 very very ADJ gist-825 70 38 difference difference NOUN gist-825 70 39 between between ADP gist-825 70 40 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 70 41 and and CCONJ gist-825 70 42 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 70 43 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 44 but but CCONJ gist-825 70 45 they they PRON gist-825 70 46 also also ADV gist-825 70 47 manifested manifest VERB gist-825 70 48 some some DET gist-825 70 49 ideas idea NOUN gist-825 70 50 that that PRON gist-825 70 51 unveiled unveil VERB gist-825 70 52 lack lack NOUN gist-825 70 53 of of ADP gist-825 70 54 fairness fairness NOUN gist-825 70 55 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 70 56 for for ADP gist-825 70 57 instance instance NOUN gist-825 70 58 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 59 all all PRON gist-825 70 60 of of ADP gist-825 70 61 them they PRON gist-825 70 62 explicitly explicitly ADV gist-825 70 63 stated state VERB gist-825 70 64 that that SCONJ gist-825 70 65 a a DET gist-825 70 66 high high ADJ gist-825 70 67 quality quality NOUN gist-825 70 68 test test NOUN gist-825 70 69 was be AUX gist-825 70 70 a a DET gist-825 70 71 synonym synonym NOUN gist-825 70 72 of of ADP gist-825 70 73 a a DET gist-825 70 74 difficult difficult ADJ gist-825 70 75 - - PUNCT gist-825 70 76 to to ADP gist-825 70 77 - - PUNCT gist-825 70 78 pass pass VERB gist-825 70 79 test test NOUN gist-825 70 80 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 81 rendering render VERB gist-825 70 82 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 70 83 a a DET gist-825 70 84 tool tool NOUN gist-825 70 85 of of ADP gist-825 70 86 power power NOUN gist-825 70 87 and and CCONJ gist-825 70 88 control control NOUN gist-825 70 89 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 70 90 shohamy shohamy NOUN gist-825 70 91 , , PUNCT gist-825 70 92 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 70 93 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 70 94 . . PUNCT gist-825 71 1 one one NUM gist-825 71 2 of of ADP gist-825 71 3 the the DET gist-825 71 4 very very ADV gist-825 71 5 first first ADJ gist-825 71 6 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 71 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 8 then then ADV gist-825 71 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 10 was be AUX gist-825 71 11 to to PART gist-825 71 12 establish establish VERB gist-825 71 13 a a DET gist-825 71 14 group group NOUN gist-825 71 15 philosophy philosophy NOUN gist-825 71 16 that that SCONJ gist-825 71 17 a a DET gist-825 71 18 test test NOUN gist-825 71 19 — — PUNCT gist-825 71 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 71 21 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 71 22 in in ADP gist-825 71 23 general general ADJ gist-825 71 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 25 for for ADP gist-825 71 26 that that DET gist-825 71 27 matter matter NOUN gist-825 71 28 — — PUNCT gist-825 71 29 has have VERB gist-825 71 30 to to PART gist-825 71 31 do do VERB gist-825 71 32 with with ADP gist-825 71 33 offering offer VERB gist-825 71 34 learners learner NOUN gist-825 71 35 as as ADP gist-825 71 36 many many ADJ gist-825 71 37 opportunities opportunity NOUN gist-825 71 38 as as ADP gist-825 71 39 possible possible ADJ gist-825 71 40 for for SCONJ gist-825 71 41 them they PRON gist-825 71 42 to to PART gist-825 71 43 show show VERB gist-825 71 44 what what PRON gist-825 71 45 they they PRON gist-825 71 46 know know VERB gist-825 71 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 48 rather rather ADV gist-825 71 49 than than ADP gist-825 71 50 making make VERB gist-825 71 51 them they PRON gist-825 71 52 hesitate hesitate VERB gist-825 71 53 with with ADP gist-825 71 54 a a DET gist-825 71 55 riddle riddle ADJ gist-825 71 56 type type NOUN gist-825 71 57 of of ADP gist-825 71 58 exam exam NOUN gist-825 71 59 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 60 because because SCONJ gist-825 71 61 “ " PUNCT gist-825 71 62 the the DET gist-825 71 63 more more ADJ gist-825 71 64 opportunities opportunity NOUN gist-825 71 65 we we PRON gist-825 71 66 give give VERB gist-825 71 67 test test NOUN gist-825 71 68 takers taker NOUN gist-825 71 69 to to PART gist-825 71 70 show show VERB gist-825 71 71 what what PRON gist-825 71 72 they they PRON gist-825 71 73 know know VERB gist-825 71 74 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 75 the the DET gist-825 71 76 more more ADV gist-825 71 77 accurate accurate ADJ gist-825 71 78 and and CCONJ gist-825 71 79 fair fair ADJ gist-825 71 80 the the DET gist-825 71 81 measurement measurement NOUN gist-825 71 82 is be AUX gist-825 71 83 likely likely ADJ gist-825 71 84 to to PART gist-825 71 85 be be AUX gist-825 71 86 ” " PUNCT gist-825 71 87 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 71 88 douglas douglas PROPN gist-825 71 89 , , PUNCT gist-825 71 90 2010 2010 NUM gist-825 71 91 , , PUNCT gist-825 72 1 p. p. NOUN gist-825 72 2     SPACE gist-825 72 3 4 4 NUM gist-825 72 4 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 72 5 . . PUNCT gist-825 73 1 this this PRON gist-825 73 2 was be AUX gist-825 73 3 a a DET gist-825 73 4 great great ADJ gist-825 73 5 opportunity opportunity NOUN gist-825 73 6 to to PART gist-825 73 7 openly openly ADV gist-825 73 8 discuss discuss VERB gist-825 73 9 fairness fairness NOUN gist-825 73 10 and and CCONJ gist-825 73 11 the the DET gist-825 73 12 ethics ethic NOUN gist-825 73 13 of of ADP gist-825 73 14 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 73 15 and and CCONJ gist-825 73 16 testing testing NOUN gist-825 73 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 73 18 which which PRON gist-825 73 19 are be AUX gist-825 73 20 topics topic NOUN gist-825 73 21 that that PRON gist-825 73 22 usually usually ADV gist-825 73 23 stay stay VERB gist-825 73 24 under under ADP gist-825 73 25 the the DET gist-825 73 26 individual individual ADJ gist-825 73 27 domain domain NOUN gist-825 73 28 of of ADP gist-825 73 29 every every DET gist-825 73 30 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 73 31 inside inside ADP gist-825 73 32 his his PRON gist-825 73 33 or or CCONJ gist-825 73 34 her her PRON gist-825 73 35 classroom classroom NOUN gist-825 73 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 74 1 after after SCONJ gist-825 74 2 this this DET gist-825 74 3 common common ADJ gist-825 74 4 ground ground NOUN gist-825 74 5 was be AUX gist-825 74 6 reached reach VERB gist-825 74 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 74 8 the the DET gist-825 74 9 second second ADJ gist-825 74 10 and and CCONJ gist-825 74 11 the the DET gist-825 74 12 third third ADJ gist-825 74 13 component component NOUN gist-825 74 14 were be AUX gist-825 74 15 covered cover VERB gist-825 74 16 by by ADP gist-825 74 17 focusing focus VERB gist-825 74 18 on on ADP gist-825 74 19 the the DET gist-825 74 20 study study NOUN gist-825 74 21 of of ADP gist-825 74 22 taxonomies taxonomy NOUN gist-825 74 23 of of ADP gist-825 74 24 language language NOUN gist-825 74 25 tests test NOUN gist-825 74 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 74 27 their their PRON gist-825 74 28 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 74 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 74 30 as as ADV gist-825 74 31 well well ADV gist-825 74 32 as as ADP gist-825 74 33 different different ADJ gist-825 74 34 types type NOUN gist-825 74 35 of of ADP gist-825 74 36 items item NOUN gist-825 74 37 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 74 38 bachman bachman NOUN gist-825 74 39 & & CCONJ gist-825 74 40 palmer palmer PROPN gist-825 74 41 , , PUNCT gist-825 74 42 1996 1996 NUM gist-825 74 43 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 74 44 carr carr PROPN gist-825 74 45 , , PUNCT gist-825 74 46 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 74 47 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 74 48 . . PUNCT gist-825 75 1 the the DET gist-825 75 2 study study NOUN gist-825 75 3 of of ADP gist-825 75 4 the the DET gist-825 75 5 fourth fourth ADJ gist-825 75 6 element element NOUN gist-825 75 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 75 8 the the DET gist-825 75 9 common common ADJ gist-825 75 10 european european ADJ gist-825 75 11 framework framework NOUN gist-825 75 12 of of ADP gist-825 75 13 reference reference NOUN gist-825 75 14 for for ADP gist-825 75 15 languages language NOUN gist-825 75 16 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 75 17 cefr cefr ADJ gist-825 75 18 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 75 19 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 75 20 council council NOUN gist-825 75 21 of of ADP gist-825 75 22 europe europe PROPN gist-825 75 23 , , PUNCT gist-825 75 24 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 75 25 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 75 26 was be AUX gist-825 75 27 the the DET gist-825 75 28 second second ADJ gist-825 75 29 major major ADJ gist-825 75 30 challenge challenge NOUN gist-825 75 31 we we PRON gist-825 75 32 faced face VERB gist-825 75 33 in in ADP gist-825 75 34 this this DET gist-825 75 35 training training NOUN gist-825 75 36 program program NOUN gist-825 75 37 . . PUNCT gist-825 76 1 the the DET gist-825 76 2 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 76 3 comprises comprise VERB gist-825 76 4 “ " PUNCT gist-825 76 5 a a DET gist-825 76 6 set set NOUN gist-825 76 7 of of ADP gist-825 76 8 common common ADJ gist-825 76 9 reference reference NOUN gist-825 76 10 levels level NOUN gist-825 76 11 for for ADP gist-825 76 12 language language NOUN gist-825 76 13 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 76 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 76 15 learning learning NOUN gist-825 76 16 and and CCONJ gist-825 76 17 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 76 18 stretching stretch VERB gist-825 76 19 from from ADP gist-825 76 20 basic basic ADJ gist-825 76 21 to to ADP gist-825 76 22 mastery mastery NOUN gist-825 76 23 ” " PUNCT gist-825 76 24 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 76 25 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 76 26 & & CCONJ gist-825 76 27 geranpayeh geranpayeh PROPN gist-825 76 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 76 29 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 76 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 76 31 p. p. NOUN gist-825 76 32     SPACE gist-825 76 33 91 91 NUM gist-825 76 34 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 76 35 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 76 36 as as SCONJ gist-825 76 37 indicated indicate VERB gist-825 76 38 by by ADP gist-825 76 39 its its PRON gist-825 76 40 name name NOUN gist-825 76 41 , , PUNCT gist-825 76 42 the the DET gist-825 76 43 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 76 44 is be AUX gist-825 76 45 expected expect VERB gist-825 76 46 to to PART gist-825 76 47 serve serve VERB gist-825 76 48 as as ADP gist-825 76 49 a a DET gist-825 76 50 reference reference NOUN gist-825 76 51 , , PUNCT gist-825 76 52 a a DET gist-825 76 53 lighthouse lighthouse NOUN gist-825 76 54 to to PART gist-825 76 55 look look VERB gist-825 76 56 at at ADP gist-825 76 57 for for ADP gist-825 76 58 guidance guidance NOUN gist-825 76 59 . . PUNCT gist-825 77 1 however however ADV gist-825 77 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 77 3 a a DET gist-825 77 4 recurring recur VERB gist-825 77 5 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN gist-825 77 6 among among ADP gist-825 77 7 the the DET gist-825 77 8 trainees trainee NOUN gist-825 77 9 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 77 10 also also ADV gist-825 77 11 detected detect VERB gist-825 77 12 to to ADP gist-825 77 13 a a DET gist-825 77 14 greater great ADJ gist-825 77 15 or or CCONJ gist-825 77 16 lesser less ADJ gist-825 77 17 extent extent NOUN gist-825 77 18 in in ADP gist-825 77 19 many many ADJ gist-825 77 20 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 77 21 formally formally ADV gist-825 77 22 and and CCONJ gist-825 77 23 informally informally ADV gist-825 77 24 surveyed survey VERB gist-825 77 25 in in ADP gist-825 77 26 the the DET gist-825 77 27 framework framework NOUN gist-825 77 28 of of ADP gist-825 77 29 this this DET gist-825 77 30 study study NOUN gist-825 77 31 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 77 32 is be AUX gist-825 77 33 the the DET gist-825 77 34 fact fact NOUN gist-825 77 35 design design NOUN gist-825 77 36 and and CCONJ gist-825 77 37 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 77 38 of of ADP gist-825 77 39 an an DET gist-825 77 40 english english ADJ gist-825 77 41 test test NOUN gist-825 77 42 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 77 43 199 199 NUM gist-825 77 44 no no NOUN gist-825 77 45 . . PROPN gist-825 77 46 21 21 NUM gist-825 77 47 that that SCONJ gist-825 77 48 there there PRON gist-825 77 49 is be VERB gist-825 77 50 a a DET gist-825 77 51 subjective subjective ADJ gist-825 77 52 and and CCONJ gist-825 77 53 mostly mostly ADV gist-825 77 54 intuitively intuitively ADV gist-825 77 55 - - PUNCT gist-825 77 56 derived derive VERB gist-825 77 57 construct construct NOUN gist-825 77 58 with with ADP gist-825 77 59 respect respect NOUN gist-825 77 60 to to ADP gist-825 77 61 the the DET gist-825 77 62 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 77 63 levels level NOUN gist-825 77 64 . . PUNCT gist-825 78 1 although although SCONJ gist-825 78 2 the the DET gist-825 78 3 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 78 4 is be AUX gist-825 78 5 precisely precisely ADV gist-825 78 6 a a DET gist-825 78 7 reference reference NOUN gist-825 78 8 document document NOUN gist-825 78 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 78 10 most most ADJ gist-825 78 11 english english ADJ gist-825 78 12 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 78 13 agreed agree VERB gist-825 78 14 upon upon SCONJ gist-825 78 15 the the DET gist-825 78 16 fact fact NOUN gist-825 78 17 that that SCONJ gist-825 78 18 they they PRON gist-825 78 19 do do AUX gist-825 78 20 not not PART gist-825 78 21 consult consult VERB gist-825 78 22 the the DET gist-825 78 23 reference reference NOUN gist-825 78 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 78 25 but but CCONJ gist-825 78 26 trust trust VERB gist-825 78 27 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 78 28 their their PRON gist-825 78 29 gut gut NOUN gist-825 78 30 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 78 31 when when SCONJ gist-825 78 32 it it PRON gist-825 78 33 comes come VERB gist-825 78 34 to to ADP gist-825 78 35 evaluating evaluate VERB gist-825 78 36 and and CCONJ gist-825 78 37 placing place VERB gist-825 78 38 language language NOUN gist-825 78 39 users user NOUN gist-825 78 40 . . PUNCT gist-825 79 1 it it PRON gist-825 79 2 seems seem VERB gist-825 79 3 that that SCONJ gist-825 79 4 some some DET gist-825 79 5 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 79 6 have have AUX gist-825 79 7 formed form VERB gist-825 79 8 an an DET gist-825 79 9 idea idea NOUN gist-825 79 10 of of ADP gist-825 79 11 what what PRON gist-825 79 12 it it PRON gist-825 79 13 means mean VERB gist-825 79 14 to to PART gist-825 79 15 be be AUX gist-825 79 16 an an DET gist-825 79 17 a1 a1 NOUN gist-825 79 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 79 19 a a DET gist-825 79 20 b2 b2 NOUN gist-825 79 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 79 22 or or CCONJ gist-825 79 23 a a DET gist-825 79 24 c1 c1 NOUN gist-825 79 25 kind kind NOUN gist-825 79 26 of of ADP gist-825 79 27 language language NOUN gist-825 79 28 user user NOUN gist-825 79 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 79 30 with with ADP gist-825 79 31 very very ADV gist-825 79 32 diffuse diffuse ADJ gist-825 79 33 boundaries boundary NOUN gist-825 79 34 between between ADP gist-825 79 35 the the DET gist-825 79 36 levels level NOUN gist-825 79 37 that that PRON gist-825 79 38 vary vary VERB gist-825 79 39 from from ADP gist-825 79 40 one one NUM gist-825 79 41 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 79 42 to to ADP gist-825 79 43 the the DET gist-825 79 44 other other ADJ gist-825 79 45 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 79 46 these these DET gist-825 79 47 boundaries boundary NOUN gist-825 79 48 are be AUX gist-825 79 49 usually usually ADV gist-825 79 50 rooted root VERB gist-825 79 51 in in ADP gist-825 79 52 a a DET gist-825 79 53 long long ADJ gist-825 79 54 tradition tradition NOUN gist-825 79 55 of of ADP gist-825 79 56 comparing compare VERB gist-825 79 57 students student NOUN gist-825 79 58 who who PRON gist-825 79 59 have have AUX gist-825 79 60 been be AUX gist-825 79 61 previously previously ADV gist-825 79 62 evaluated evaluate VERB gist-825 79 63 by by ADP gist-825 79 64 the the DET gist-825 79 65 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 79 66 , , PUNCT gist-825 79 67 in in ADP gist-825 79 68 a a DET gist-825 79 69 kind kind NOUN gist-825 79 70 of of ADP gist-825 79 71 rationale rationale NOUN gist-825 79 72 as as SCONJ gist-825 79 73 follows follow VERB gist-825 79 74 : : PUNCT gist-825 79 75 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 79 76 if if SCONJ gist-825 79 77 john john PROPN gist-825 79 78 is be AUX gist-825 79 79 a a DET gist-825 79 80 b2 b2 NOUN gist-825 79 81 and and CCONJ gist-825 79 82 jane jane NOUN gist-825 79 83 ’s ’s PART gist-825 79 84 level level NOUN gist-825 79 85 is be AUX gist-825 79 86 a a DET gist-825 79 87 little little ADV gist-825 79 88 lower low ADJ gist-825 79 89 than than ADP gist-825 79 90 john john PROPN gist-825 79 91 ’s ’s PROPN gist-825 79 92 , , PUNCT gist-825 79 93 then then ADV gist-825 79 94 jane jane PROPN gist-825 79 95 must must AUX gist-825 79 96 be be AUX gist-825 79 97 an an DET gist-825 79 98 a2 a2 NOUN gist-825 79 99 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 79 100 . . PUNCT gist-825 80 1 thus thus ADV gist-825 80 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 80 3 individual individual ADJ gist-825 80 4 and and CCONJ gist-825 80 5 subjective subjective ADJ gist-825 80 6 criteria criterion NOUN gist-825 80 7 are be AUX gist-825 80 8 created create VERB gist-825 80 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 80 10 with with ADP gist-825 80 11 rough rough ADJ gist-825 80 12 borderlines borderline NOUN gist-825 80 13 that that PRON gist-825 80 14 have have VERB gist-825 80 15 nothing nothing PRON gist-825 80 16 to to PART gist-825 80 17 do do VERB gist-825 80 18 with with ADP gist-825 80 19 the the DET gist-825 80 20 descriptors descriptor NOUN gist-825 80 21 established establish VERB gist-825 80 22 in in ADP gist-825 80 23 the the DET gist-825 80 24 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 80 25 for for ADP gist-825 80 26 each each DET gist-825 80 27 skill skill NOUN gist-825 80 28 . . PUNCT gist-825 81 1 this this DET gist-825 81 2 type type NOUN gist-825 81 3 of of ADP gist-825 81 4 mindset mindset NOUN gist-825 81 5 implies imply VERB gist-825 81 6 quite quite DET gist-825 81 7 transcendental transcendental ADJ gist-825 81 8 incidents incident NOUN gist-825 81 9 for for ADP gist-825 81 10 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 81 11 , , PUNCT gist-825 81 12 as as SCONJ gist-825 81 13 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 81 14 will will AUX gist-825 81 15 be be AUX gist-825 81 16 much much ADV gist-825 81 17 more more ADV gist-825 81 18 challenging challenging ADJ gist-825 81 19 or or CCONJ gist-825 81 20 lax lax ADJ gist-825 81 21 in in ADP gist-825 81 22 the the DET gist-825 81 23 type type NOUN gist-825 81 24 of of ADP gist-825 81 25 demands demand NOUN gist-825 81 26 they they PRON gist-825 81 27 make make VERB gist-825 81 28 for for ADP gist-825 81 29 each each DET gist-825 81 30 level level NOUN gist-825 81 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 81 32 and and CCONJ gist-825 81 33 to to ADP gist-825 81 34 a a DET gist-825 81 35 greater great ADJ gist-825 81 36 extent extent NOUN gist-825 81 37 , , PUNCT gist-825 81 38 these these DET gist-825 81 39 individual individual ADJ gist-825 81 40 mindsets mindset NOUN gist-825 81 41 will will AUX gist-825 81 42 affect affect VERB gist-825 81 43 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ gist-825 81 44 relationships relationship NOUN gist-825 81 45 within within ADP gist-825 81 46 the the DET gist-825 81 47 classroom classroom NOUN gist-825 81 48 , , PUNCT gist-825 81 49 as as SCONJ gist-825 81 50 pointed point VERB gist-825 81 51 out out ADP gist-825 81 52 by by ADP gist-825 81 53 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 81 54 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 81 55 2019 2019 NUM gist-825 81 56 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 81 57 , , PUNCT gist-825 81 58 when when SCONJ gist-825 81 59 he he PRON gist-825 81 60 argues argue VERB gist-825 81 61 that that SCONJ gist-825 81 62 poor poor ADJ gist-825 81 63 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 81 64 design design NOUN gist-825 81 65 “ " PUNCT gist-825 81 66 may may AUX gist-825 81 67 disorient disorient VERB gist-825 81 68 language language NOUN gist-825 81 69 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 81 70 and and CCONJ gist-825 81 71 learning learning NOUN gist-825 81 72 ” " PUNCT gist-825 81 73 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 81 74 p. p. NOUN gist-825 81 75     SPACE gist-825 81 76 124 124 NUM gist-825 81 77 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 81 78 . . PUNCT gist-825 82 1 the the DET gist-825 82 2 training training NOUN gist-825 82 3 also also ADV gist-825 82 4 encompassed encompass VERB gist-825 82 5 a a DET gist-825 82 6 component component NOUN gist-825 82 7 of of ADP gist-825 82 8 test test NOUN gist-825 82 9 tasks task NOUN gist-825 82 10 and and CCONJ gist-825 82 11 material material NOUN gist-825 82 12 design design NOUN gist-825 82 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 82 14 as as ADV gist-825 82 15 well well ADV gist-825 82 16 as as ADP gist-825 82 17 a a DET gist-825 82 18 component component NOUN gist-825 82 19 of of ADP gist-825 82 20 testing testing NOUN gist-825 82 21 ethics ethic NOUN gist-825 82 22 . . PUNCT gist-825 83 1 the the DET gist-825 83 2 former former ADJ gist-825 83 3 was be AUX gist-825 83 4 included include VERB gist-825 83 5 as as SCONJ gist-825 83 6 the the DET gist-825 83 7 team team NOUN gist-825 83 8 members member NOUN gist-825 83 9 were be AUX gist-825 83 10 found find VERB gist-825 83 11 to to PART gist-825 83 12 lack lack VERB gist-825 83 13 formal formal ADJ gist-825 83 14 training training NOUN gist-825 83 15 in in ADP gist-825 83 16 the the DET gist-825 83 17 design design NOUN gist-825 83 18 of of ADP gist-825 83 19 language language NOUN gist-825 83 20 materials material NOUN gist-825 83 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 83 22 which which PRON gist-825 83 23 translated translate VERB gist-825 83 24 into into ADP gist-825 83 25 ambiguity ambiguity NOUN gist-825 83 26 in in ADP gist-825 83 27 instruction instruction NOUN gist-825 83 28 writing writing NOUN gist-825 83 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 83 30 as as ADV gist-825 83 31 well well ADV gist-825 83 32 as as ADP gist-825 83 33 poor poor ADJ gist-825 83 34 skills skill NOUN gist-825 83 35 for for ADP gist-825 83 36 adapting adapt VERB gist-825 83 37 or or CCONJ gist-825 83 38 designing designing NOUN gist-825 83 39 written write VERB gist-825 83 40 and and CCONJ gist-825 83 41 oral oral ADJ gist-825 83 42 documents document NOUN gist-825 83 43 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 83 44 in in ADP gist-825 83 45 other other ADJ gist-825 83 46 words word NOUN gist-825 83 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 83 48 material material NOUN gist-825 83 49 design design NOUN gist-825 83 50 and and CCONJ gist-825 83 51 test test NOUN gist-825 83 52 design design NOUN gist-825 83 53 are be AUX gist-825 83 54 expected expect VERB gist-825 83 55 to to PART gist-825 83 56 be be AUX gist-825 83 57 done do VERB gist-825 83 58 by by ADP gist-825 83 59 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 83 60 on on ADP gist-825 83 61 a a DET gist-825 83 62 regular regular ADJ gist-825 83 63 basis basis NOUN gist-825 83 64 , , PUNCT gist-825 83 65 yet yet CCONJ gist-825 83 66 the the DET gist-825 83 67 trainees trainee NOUN gist-825 83 68 manifested manifest VERB gist-825 83 69 their their PRON gist-825 83 70 lack lack NOUN gist-825 83 71 of of ADP gist-825 83 72 theoretical theoretical ADJ gist-825 83 73 foundations foundation NOUN gist-825 83 74 to to PART gist-825 83 75 effectively effectively ADV gist-825 83 76 perform perform VERB gist-825 83 77 both both PRON gist-825 83 78 of of ADP gist-825 83 79 them they PRON gist-825 83 80 . . PUNCT gist-825 84 1 finally finally ADV gist-825 84 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 84 3 the the DET gist-825 84 4 training training NOUN gist-825 84 5 concluded conclude VERB gist-825 84 6 with with ADP gist-825 84 7 the the DET gist-825 84 8 study study NOUN gist-825 84 9 and and CCONJ gist-825 84 10 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 84 11 of of ADP gist-825 84 12 the the DET gist-825 84 13 international international ADJ gist-825 84 14 language language NOUN gist-825 84 15 testing testing NOUN gist-825 84 16 association association NOUN gist-825 84 17 ’s ’s PART gist-825 84 18 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 84 19 ilta ilta NOUN gist-825 84 20 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 84 21 code code NOUN gist-825 84 22 of of ADP gist-825 84 23 ethics3 ethics3 NOUN gist-825 84 24 for for ADP gist-825 84 25 language language NOUN gist-825 84 26 testing testing NOUN gist-825 84 27 . . PUNCT gist-825 85 1 defining define VERB gist-825 85 2 test test NOUN gist-825 85 3 specifications specification NOUN gist-825 85 4 and and CCONJ gist-825 85 5 establishing establish VERB gist-825 85 6 test test NOUN gist-825 85 7 constructs construct NOUN gist-825 85 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 85 9 audience audience NOUN gist-825 85 10 after after ADP gist-825 85 11 the the DET gist-825 85 12 training training NOUN gist-825 85 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 85 14 the the DET gist-825 85 15 next next ADJ gist-825 85 16 step step NOUN gist-825 85 17 was be AUX gist-825 85 18 the the DET gist-825 85 19 creation creation NOUN gist-825 85 20 of of ADP gist-825 85 21 a a DET gist-825 85 22 blueprint blueprint NOUN gist-825 85 23 containing contain VERB gist-825 85 24 the the DET gist-825 85 25 test test NOUN gist-825 85 26 specifications specification NOUN gist-825 85 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 85 28 which which PRON gist-825 85 29 have have AUX gist-825 85 30 been be AUX gist-825 85 31 defined define VERB gist-825 85 32 as as ADP gist-825 85 33 “ " PUNCT gist-825 85 34 a a DET gist-825 85 35 detailed detailed ADJ gist-825 85 36 set set NOUN gist-825 85 37 of of ADP gist-825 85 38 documentation documentation NOUN gist-825 85 39 normally normally ADV gist-825 85 40 drawn draw VERB gist-825 85 41 up up ADP gist-825 85 42 during during ADP gist-825 85 43 the the DET gist-825 85 44 process process NOUN gist-825 85 45 of of ADP gist-825 85 46 designing design VERB gist-825 85 47 a a DET gist-825 85 48 new new ADJ gist-825 85 49 test test NOUN gist-825 85 50 or or CCONJ gist-825 85 51 revising revise VERB gist-825 85 52 an an DET gist-825 85 53 existing exist VERB gist-825 85 54 one one NUM gist-825 85 55 ” " PUNCT gist-825 85 56 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 85 57 alte alte PROPN gist-825 85 58 , , PUNCT gist-825 85 59 1998 1998 NUM gist-825 85 60 , , PUNCT gist-825 85 61 p. p. NOUN gist-825 85 62 166 166 NUM gist-825 85 63 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 85 64 . . PUNCT gist-825 86 1 the the DET gist-825 86 2 purpose purpose NOUN gist-825 86 3 for for ADP gist-825 86 4 the the DET gist-825 86 5 creation creation NOUN gist-825 86 6 of of ADP gist-825 86 7 this this DET gist-825 86 8 document document NOUN gist-825 86 9 was be AUX gist-825 86 10 twofold twofold ADV gist-825 86 11 : : PUNCT gist-825 86 12 on on ADP gist-825 86 13 the the DET gist-825 86 14 one one NUM gist-825 86 15 hand hand NOUN gist-825 86 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 86 17 it it PRON gist-825 86 18 was be AUX gist-825 86 19 meant mean VERB gist-825 86 20 to to PART gist-825 86 21 provide provide VERB gist-825 86 22 a a DET gist-825 86 23 framework framework NOUN gist-825 86 24 of of ADP gist-825 86 25 reference reference NOUN gist-825 86 26 that that PRON gist-825 86 27 would would AUX gist-825 86 28 contextualize contextualize VERB gist-825 86 29 future future ADJ gist-825 86 30 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 86 31 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 86 32 and and CCONJ gist-825 86 33 other other ADJ gist-825 86 34 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 86 35 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 86 36 within within ADP gist-825 86 37 the the DET gist-825 86 38 institution institution NOUN gist-825 86 39 , , PUNCT gist-825 86 40 to to PART gist-825 86 41 understand understand VERB gist-825 86 42 the the DET gist-825 86 43 rationale rationale NOUN gist-825 86 44 that that PRON gist-825 86 45 guided guide VERB gist-825 86 46 the the DET gist-825 86 47 design design NOUN gist-825 86 48 of of ADP gist-825 86 49 the the DET gist-825 86 50 test test NOUN gist-825 86 51 , , PUNCT gist-825 86 52 so so SCONJ gist-825 86 53 that that SCONJ gist-825 86 54 future future ADJ gist-825 86 55 revisions revision NOUN gist-825 86 56 , , PUNCT gist-825 86 57 corrections correction NOUN gist-825 86 58 and and CCONJ gist-825 86 59 improvements improvement NOUN gist-825 86 60 would would AUX gist-825 86 61 be be AUX gist-825 86 62 more more ADV gist-825 86 63 easily easily ADV gist-825 86 64 addressed address VERB gist-825 86 65 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 86 66 and and CCONJ gist-825 86 67 on on ADP gist-825 86 68 the the DET gist-825 86 69 other other ADJ gist-825 86 70 hand hand NOUN gist-825 86 71 , , PUNCT gist-825 86 72 the the DET gist-825 86 73 writing write VERB gist-825 86 74 4 4 NUM gist-825 86 75 this this DET gist-825 86 76 document document NOUN gist-825 86 77 can can AUX gist-825 86 78 be be AUX gist-825 86 79 consulted consult VERB gist-825 86 80 at at ADP gist-825 86 81 : : PUNCT gist-825 86 82 https://www.iltaonline.com/page/codeofethics https://www.iltaonline.com/page/codeofethic NOUN gist-825 86 83 design design NOUN gist-825 86 84 and and CCONJ gist-825 86 85 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 86 86 of of ADP gist-825 86 87 an an DET gist-825 86 88 english english ADJ gist-825 86 89 test test NOUN gist-825 86 90 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 86 91 200 200 NUM gist-825 86 92 no no NOUN gist-825 86 93 . . PROPN gist-825 87 1 21 21 NUM gist-825 87 2 of of ADP gist-825 87 3 the the DET gist-825 87 4 document document NOUN gist-825 87 5 was be AUX gist-825 87 6 intended intend VERB gist-825 87 7 to to PART gist-825 87 8 help help VERB gist-825 87 9 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 87 10 establish establish VERB gist-825 87 11 the the DET gist-825 87 12 test test NOUN gist-825 87 13 construct construct NOUN gist-825 87 14 and and CCONJ gist-825 87 15 make make VERB gist-825 87 16 informed informed ADJ gist-825 87 17 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 87 18 about about ADP gist-825 87 19 test test NOUN gist-825 87 20 length length NOUN gist-825 87 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 22 “ " PUNCT gist-825 87 23 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 87 24 … … PUNCT gist-825 87 25 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 87 26 design design NOUN gist-825 87 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 28 content content NOUN gist-825 87 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 30 level level NOUN gist-825 87 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 32 task task NOUN gist-825 87 33 and and CCONJ gist-825 87 34 item item NOUN gist-825 87 35 types type NOUN gist-825 87 36 used use VERB gist-825 87 37 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 38 target target NOUN gist-825 87 39 population population NOUN gist-825 87 40 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 41 use use NOUN gist-825 87 42 of of ADP gist-825 87 43 the the DET gist-825 87 44 test test NOUN gist-825 87 45 , , PUNCT gist-825 87 46 etc etc X gist-825 87 47 . . X gist-825 87 48 ” " PUNCT gist-825 88 1 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 88 2 alte alte PROPN gist-825 88 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 88 4 1998 1998 NUM gist-825 88 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 88 6 p. p. NOUN gist-825 88 7 166 166 NUM gist-825 88 8 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 88 9 . . PUNCT gist-825 89 1 for for ADP gist-825 89 2 the the DET gist-825 89 3 definition definition NOUN gist-825 89 4 of of ADP gist-825 89 5 the the DET gist-825 89 6 test test NOUN gist-825 89 7 construct construct NOUN gist-825 89 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 89 9 and and CCONJ gist-825 89 10 building build VERB gist-825 89 11 on on ADP gist-825 89 12 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 89 13 and and CCONJ gist-825 89 14 geranpayeh geranpayeh PROPN gist-825 89 15 ’s ’s PART gist-825 89 16 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 89 17 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 89 18 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 89 19 proposal proposal NOUN gist-825 89 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 89 21 three three NUM gist-825 89 22 aspects aspect NOUN gist-825 89 23 were be AUX gist-825 89 24 taken take VERB gist-825 89 25 into into ADP gist-825 89 26 consideration consideration NOUN gist-825 89 27 : : PUNCT gist-825 89 28 the the DET gist-825 89 29 cognitive cognitive ADJ gist-825 89 30 processing processing NOUN gist-825 89 31 in in ADP gist-825 89 32 the the DET gist-825 89 33 skills skill NOUN gist-825 89 34 to to PART gist-825 89 35 be be AUX gist-825 89 36 tested test VERB gist-825 89 37 , , PUNCT gist-825 89 38 the the DET gist-825 89 39 characteristics characteristic NOUN gist-825 89 40 of of ADP gist-825 89 41 the the DET gist-825 89 42 target target NOUN gist-825 89 43 population population NOUN gist-825 89 44 of of ADP gist-825 89 45 test test NOUN gist-825 89 46 takers taker NOUN gist-825 89 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 89 48 and and CCONJ gist-825 89 49 contextual contextual ADJ gist-825 89 50 factors factor NOUN gist-825 89 51 for for ADP gist-825 89 52 the the DET gist-825 89 53 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 89 54 of of ADP gist-825 89 55 the the DET gist-825 89 56 test test NOUN gist-825 89 57 . . PUNCT gist-825 90 1 first first ADV gist-825 90 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 90 3 understanding understand VERB gist-825 90 4 the the DET gist-825 90 5 nature nature NOUN gist-825 90 6 of of ADP gist-825 90 7 every every DET gist-825 90 8 language language NOUN gist-825 90 9 skill skill NOUN gist-825 90 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 90 11 the the DET gist-825 90 12 features feature NOUN gist-825 90 13 comprised comprise VERB gist-825 90 14 in in ADP gist-825 90 15 each each DET gist-825 90 16 one one NUM gist-825 90 17 of of ADP gist-825 90 18 them they PRON gist-825 90 19 , , PUNCT gist-825 90 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 90 21 the the DET gist-825 90 22 cognitive cognitive ADJ gist-825 90 23 processes process NOUN gist-825 90 24 involved involve VERB gist-825 90 25 in in ADP gist-825 90 26 them they PRON gist-825 90 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 90 28 allows allow VERB gist-825 90 29 test test NOUN gist-825 90 30 developers developer NOUN gist-825 90 31 to to PART gist-825 90 32 sharpen sharpen VERB gist-825 90 33 the the DET gist-825 90 34 demands demand NOUN gist-825 90 35 they they PRON gist-825 90 36 make make VERB gist-825 90 37 from from ADP gist-825 90 38 test test NOUN gist-825 90 39 takers taker NOUN gist-825 90 40 in in ADP gist-825 90 41 each each PRON gist-825 90 42 of of ADP gist-825 90 43 the the DET gist-825 90 44 levels level NOUN gist-825 90 45 that that SCONJ gist-825 90 46 the the DET gist-825 90 47 test test NOUN gist-825 90 48 is be AUX gist-825 90 49 expected expect VERB gist-825 90 50 to to PART gist-825 90 51 discriminate discriminate VERB gist-825 90 52 . . PUNCT gist-825 91 1 it it PRON gist-825 91 2 is be AUX gist-825 91 3 necessary necessary ADJ gist-825 91 4 to to PART gist-825 91 5 foster foster VERB gist-825 91 6 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 91 7 among among ADP gist-825 91 8 test test NOUN gist-825 91 9 developers developer NOUN gist-825 91 10 around around ADP gist-825 91 11 fundamental fundamental ADJ gist-825 91 12 questions question NOUN gist-825 91 13 such such ADJ gist-825 91 14 as as ADP gist-825 91 15 what what PRON gist-825 91 16 does do AUX gist-825 91 17 reading read VERB gist-825 91 18 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 91 19 mean mean VERB gist-825 91 20 ? ? PUNCT gist-825 92 1 or or CCONJ gist-825 92 2 what what PRON gist-825 92 3 does do AUX gist-825 92 4 listening listen VERB gist-825 92 5 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 92 6 imply imply VERB gist-825 92 7 ? ? PUNCT gist-825 93 1 with with ADP gist-825 93 2 this this PRON gist-825 93 3 in in ADP gist-825 93 4 mind mind NOUN gist-825 93 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 93 6 the the DET gist-825 93 7 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 93 8 were be AUX gist-825 93 9 invited invite VERB gist-825 93 10 to to PART gist-825 93 11 revise revise VERB gist-825 93 12 the the DET gist-825 93 13 nature nature NOUN gist-825 93 14 of of ADP gist-825 93 15 the the DET gist-825 93 16 skills skill NOUN gist-825 93 17 to to PART gist-825 93 18 be be AUX gist-825 93 19 tested test VERB gist-825 93 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 93 21 in in ADP gist-825 93 22 this this DET gist-825 93 23 case case NOUN gist-825 93 24 listening listening NOUN gist-825 93 25 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 93 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 93 27 reading read VERB gist-825 93 28 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 93 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 93 30 and and CCONJ gist-825 93 31 language language NOUN gist-825 93 32 use use NOUN gist-825 93 33 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 93 34 grammar grammar NOUN gist-825 93 35 and and CCONJ gist-825 93 36 vocabulary vocabulary NOUN gist-825 93 37 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 93 38 . . PUNCT gist-825 94 1 later later ADV gist-825 94 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 94 3 by by ADP gist-825 94 4 contrasting contrast VERB gist-825 94 5 the the DET gist-825 94 6 cefr cefr NOUN gist-825 94 7 descriptors descriptor NOUN gist-825 94 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 94 9 the the DET gist-825 94 10 list list NOUN gist-825 94 11 of of ADP gist-825 94 12 contents content NOUN gist-825 94 13 in in ADP gist-825 94 14 the the DET gist-825 94 15 syllabus syllabus NOUN gist-825 94 16 of of ADP gist-825 94 17 each each DET gist-825 94 18 level level NOUN gist-825 94 19 course course NOUN gist-825 94 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 94 21 the the DET gist-825 94 22 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 94 23 came come VERB gist-825 94 24 up up ADP gist-825 94 25 with with ADP gist-825 94 26 what what PRON gist-825 94 27 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 94 28 and and CCONJ gist-825 94 29 geranpayeh geranpayeh ADJ gist-825 94 30 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 94 31 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 94 32 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 94 33 call call VERB gist-825 94 34 a a DET gist-825 94 35 set set NOUN gist-825 94 36 of of ADP gist-825 94 37 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 94 38 can can AUX gist-825 94 39 - - PUNCT gist-825 94 40 do do AUX gist-825 94 41 statements statement NOUN gist-825 94 42 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 94 43 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 94 44 the the DET gist-825 94 45 fact fact NOUN gist-825 94 46 that that SCONJ gist-825 94 47 the the DET gist-825 94 48 team team NOUN gist-825 94 49 in in ADP gist-825 94 50 this this DET gist-825 94 51 study study NOUN gist-825 94 52 had have AUX gist-825 94 53 a a DET gist-825 94 54 copious copious ADJ gist-825 94 55 expertise expertise NOUN gist-825 94 56 teaching teach VERB gist-825 94 57 the the DET gist-825 94 58 different different ADJ gist-825 94 59 language language NOUN gist-825 94 60 levels level NOUN gist-825 94 61 made make VERB gist-825 94 62 it it PRON gist-825 94 63 easier easy ADJ gist-825 94 64 for for SCONJ gist-825 94 65 them they PRON gist-825 94 66 to to PART gist-825 94 67 determine determine VERB gist-825 94 68 the the DET gist-825 94 69 contents content NOUN gist-825 94 70 they they PRON gist-825 94 71 considered consider VERB gist-825 94 72 more more ADV gist-825 94 73 relevant relevant ADJ gist-825 94 74 to to PART gist-825 94 75 be be AUX gist-825 94 76 included include VERB gist-825 94 77 in in ADP gist-825 94 78 the the DET gist-825 94 79 test test NOUN gist-825 94 80 tasks task NOUN gist-825 94 81 , , PUNCT gist-825 94 82 as as ADV gist-825 94 83 well well ADV gist-825 94 84 as as ADP gist-825 94 85 the the DET gist-825 94 86 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 94 87 descriptors descriptor NOUN gist-825 94 88 they they PRON gist-825 94 89 deemed deem VERB gist-825 94 90 mandatory mandatory ADJ gist-825 94 91 from from ADP gist-825 94 92 test test NOUN gist-825 94 93 takers taker NOUN gist-825 94 94 at at ADP gist-825 94 95 each each DET gist-825 94 96 level level NOUN gist-825 94 97 . . PUNCT gist-825 95 1 regarding regard VERB gist-825 95 2 the the DET gist-825 95 3 characteristics characteristic NOUN gist-825 95 4 of of ADP gist-825 95 5 the the DET gist-825 95 6 target target NOUN gist-825 95 7 population population NOUN gist-825 95 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 95 9 the the DET gist-825 95 10 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 95 11 reflected reflect VERB gist-825 95 12 on on ADP gist-825 95 13 the the DET gist-825 95 14 characteristics characteristic NOUN gist-825 95 15 of of ADP gist-825 95 16 the the DET gist-825 95 17 prototypical prototypical ADJ gist-825 95 18 freshman freshman NOUN gist-825 95 19 at at ADP gist-825 95 20 this this DET gist-825 95 21 university university NOUN gist-825 95 22 , , PUNCT gist-825 95 23 as as SCONJ gist-825 95 24 audience audience NOUN gist-825 95 25 characteristics characteristic NOUN gist-825 95 26 are be AUX gist-825 95 27 paramount paramount ADJ gist-825 95 28 for for ADP gist-825 95 29 designing design VERB gist-825 95 30 a a DET gist-825 95 31 test test NOUN gist-825 95 32 . . PUNCT gist-825 96 1 in in ADP gist-825 96 2 this this DET gist-825 96 3 regard regard NOUN gist-825 96 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 96 5 douglas douglas PROPN gist-825 96 6 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 96 7 2010 2010 NUM gist-825 96 8 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 96 9 remarks remark VERB gist-825 96 10 the the DET gist-825 96 11 importance importance NOUN gist-825 96 12 “ " PUNCT gist-825 96 13 that that SCONJ gist-825 96 14 the the DET gist-825 96 15 test test NOUN gist-825 96 16 tasks task NOUN gist-825 96 17 reflect reflect VERB gist-825 96 18 to to ADP gist-825 96 19 the the DET gist-825 96 20 degree degree NOUN gist-825 96 21 possible possible ADJ gist-825 96 22 the the DET gist-825 96 23 ways way NOUN gist-825 96 24 test test NOUN gist-825 96 25 takers taker NOUN gist-825 96 26 have have AUX gist-825 96 27 been be AUX gist-825 96 28 learning learn VERB gist-825 96 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 96 30 using use VERB gist-825 96 31 the the DET gist-825 96 32 language language NOUN gist-825 96 33 ” " PUNCT gist-825 96 34 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 96 35 p. p. NOUN gist-825 96 36     SPACE gist-825 96 37 44 44 NUM gist-825 96 38 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 96 39 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 96 40 test test NOUN gist-825 96 41 tasks task NOUN gist-825 96 42 have have VERB gist-825 96 43 to to PART gist-825 96 44 be be AUX gist-825 96 45 designed design VERB gist-825 96 46 taking take VERB gist-825 96 47 into into ADP gist-825 96 48 account account NOUN gist-825 96 49 the the DET gist-825 96 50 strategic strategic ADJ gist-825 96 51 competence competence NOUN gist-825 96 52 and and CCONJ gist-825 96 53 background background NOUN gist-825 96 54 knowledge knowledge NOUN gist-825 96 55 that that SCONJ gist-825 96 56 the the DET gist-825 96 57 potential potential ADJ gist-825 96 58 audience audience NOUN gist-825 96 59 possesses possesse NOUN gist-825 96 60 . . PUNCT gist-825 97 1 in in ADP gist-825 97 2 our our PRON gist-825 97 3 experience experience NOUN gist-825 97 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 97 5 after after ADP gist-825 97 6 the the DET gist-825 97 7 study study NOUN gist-825 97 8 of of ADP gist-825 97 9 items item NOUN gist-825 97 10 design design VERB gist-825 97 11 , , PUNCT gist-825 97 12 the the DET gist-825 97 13 team team NOUN gist-825 97 14 came come VERB gist-825 97 15 up up ADP gist-825 97 16 with with ADP gist-825 97 17 varied varied ADJ gist-825 97 18 and and CCONJ gist-825 97 19 creative creative ADJ gist-825 97 20 tasks task NOUN gist-825 97 21 and and CCONJ gist-825 97 22 items item NOUN gist-825 97 23 that that PRON gist-825 97 24 they they PRON gist-825 97 25 wanted want VERB gist-825 97 26 to to PART gist-825 97 27 include include VERB gist-825 97 28 in in ADP gist-825 97 29 the the DET gist-825 97 30 test test NOUN gist-825 97 31 construction construction NOUN gist-825 97 32 . . PUNCT gist-825 98 1 they they PRON gist-825 98 2 had have AUX gist-825 98 3 n’t not PART gist-825 98 4 taken take VERB gist-825 98 5 into into ADP gist-825 98 6 account account NOUN gist-825 98 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 98 8 however however ADV gist-825 98 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 98 10 that that SCONJ gist-825 98 11 the the DET gist-825 98 12 prototypical prototypical ADJ gist-825 98 13 first first ADJ gist-825 98 14 semester semester NOUN gist-825 98 15 student student NOUN gist-825 98 16 in in ADP gist-825 98 17 our our PRON gist-825 98 18 contexts contexts NOUN gist-825 98 19 is be AUX gist-825 98 20 a a DET gist-825 98 21 16–18 16–18 NUM gist-825 98 22 year year NOUN gist-825 98 23 - - PUNCT gist-825 98 24 old old ADJ gist-825 98 25 youngster youngster NOUN gist-825 98 26 who who PRON gist-825 98 27 has have AUX gist-825 98 28 recently recently ADV gist-825 98 29 graduated graduate VERB gist-825 98 30 from from ADP gist-825 98 31 a a DET gist-825 98 32 public public ADJ gist-825 98 33 high high ADJ gist-825 98 34 school school NOUN gist-825 98 35 , , PUNCT gist-825 98 36 mainly mainly ADV gist-825 98 37 familiarized familiarize VERB gist-825 98 38 with with ADP gist-825 98 39 multiplechoice multiplechoice NOUN gist-825 98 40 tests test NOUN gist-825 98 41 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 98 42 in in ADP gist-825 98 43 this this DET gist-825 98 44 case case NOUN gist-825 98 45 , , PUNCT gist-825 98 46 test test NOUN gist-825 98 47 performance performance NOUN gist-825 98 48 might might AUX gist-825 98 49 be be AUX gist-825 98 50 negatively negatively ADV gist-825 98 51 influenced influence VERB gist-825 98 52 by by ADP gist-825 98 53 the the DET gist-825 98 54 lack lack NOUN gist-825 98 55 of of ADP gist-825 98 56 experience experience NOUN gist-825 98 57 with with ADP gist-825 98 58 the the DET gist-825 98 59 intricate intricate ADJ gist-825 98 60 design design NOUN gist-825 98 61 in in ADP gist-825 98 62 tasks task NOUN gist-825 98 63 and and CCONJ gist-825 98 64 items item NOUN gist-825 98 65 , , PUNCT gist-825 98 66 and and CCONJ gist-825 98 67 not not PART gist-825 98 68 necessarily necessarily ADV gist-825 98 69 by by ADP gist-825 98 70 the the DET gist-825 98 71 language language NOUN gist-825 98 72 knowledge knowledge NOUN gist-825 98 73 that that PRON gist-825 98 74 test test NOUN gist-825 98 75 takers taker NOUN gist-825 98 76 have have VERB gist-825 98 77 . . PUNCT gist-825 99 1 similarly similarly ADV gist-825 99 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 99 3 a a DET gist-825 99 4 small small ADJ gist-825 99 5 portion portion NOUN gist-825 99 6 of of ADP gist-825 99 7 the the DET gist-825 99 8 freshmen freshmen ADJ gist-825 99 9 population population NOUN gist-825 99 10 in in ADP gist-825 99 11 our our PRON gist-825 99 12 context context NOUN gist-825 99 13 often often ADV gist-825 99 14 include include VERB gist-825 99 15 blind blind ADJ gist-825 99 16 students student NOUN gist-825 99 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 99 18 which which PRON gist-825 99 19 imply imply VERB gist-825 99 20 other other ADJ gist-825 99 21 versions version NOUN gist-825 99 22 of of ADP gist-825 99 23 the the DET gist-825 99 24 test test NOUN gist-825 99 25 that that PRON gist-825 99 26 cater cater VERB gist-825 99 27 properly properly ADV gist-825 99 28 to to ADP gist-825 99 29 their their PRON gist-825 99 30 needs need NOUN gist-825 99 31 . . PUNCT gist-825 100 1 finally finally ADV gist-825 100 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 100 3 our our PRON gist-825 100 4 target target NOUN gist-825 100 5 population population NOUN gist-825 100 6 also also ADV gist-825 100 7 includes include VERB gist-825 100 8 a a DET gist-825 100 9 considerable considerable ADJ gist-825 100 10 percentage percentage NOUN gist-825 100 11 of of ADP gist-825 100 12 students student NOUN gist-825 100 13 who who PRON gist-825 100 14 come come VERB gist-825 100 15 from from ADP gist-825 100 16 indigenous indigenous ADJ gist-825 100 17 communities community NOUN gist-825 100 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 100 19 or or CCONJ gist-825 100 20 from from ADP gist-825 100 21 the the DET gist-825 100 22 colombian colombian ADJ gist-825 100 23 deaf deaf ADJ gist-825 100 24 community community NOUN gist-825 100 25 , , PUNCT gist-825 100 26 who who PRON gist-825 100 27 are be AUX gist-825 100 28 usually usually ADV gist-825 100 29 bilingual bilingual ADJ gist-825 100 30 in in ADP gist-825 100 31 a a DET gist-825 100 32 minority minority NOUN gist-825 100 33 language language NOUN gist-825 100 34 and and CCONJ gist-825 100 35 spanish spanish NOUN gist-825 100 36 as as ADP gist-825 100 37 a a DET gist-825 100 38 second second ADJ gist-825 100 39 language language NOUN gist-825 100 40 . . PUNCT gist-825 101 1 this this DET gist-825 101 2 design design NOUN gist-825 101 3 and and CCONJ gist-825 101 4 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 101 5 of of ADP gist-825 101 6 an an DET gist-825 101 7 english english PROPN gist-825 101 8 test test NOUN gist-825 101 9 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 101 10 201 201 NUM gist-825 101 11 no no NOUN gist-825 101 12 . . NOUN gist-825 101 13 21 21 NUM gist-825 101 14 portion portion NOUN gist-825 101 15 of of ADP gist-825 101 16 the the DET gist-825 101 17 population population NOUN gist-825 101 18 raised raise VERB gist-825 101 19 the the DET gist-825 101 20 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 101 21 around around ADP gist-825 101 22 several several ADJ gist-825 101 23 questions question NOUN gist-825 101 24 : : PUNCT gist-825 101 25 what what PRON gist-825 101 26 are be AUX gist-825 101 27 the the DET gist-825 101 28 entry entry NOUN gist-825 101 29 requirements requirement NOUN gist-825 101 30 in in ADP gist-825 101 31 terms term NOUN gist-825 101 32 of of ADP gist-825 101 33 second second ADJ gist-825 101 34 language language NOUN gist-825 101 35 and and CCONJ gist-825 101 36 bilingualism bilingualism NOUN gist-825 101 37 ? ? PUNCT gist-825 102 1 who who PRON gist-825 102 2 should should AUX gist-825 102 3 be be AUX gist-825 102 4 exempted exempt VERB gist-825 102 5 from from ADP gist-825 102 6 these these DET gist-825 102 7 requirements requirement NOUN gist-825 102 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 102 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 102 10 therefore therefore ADV gist-825 102 11 , , PUNCT gist-825 102 12 the the DET gist-825 102 13 placement placement NOUN gist-825 102 14 test test NOUN gist-825 102 15 ? ? PUNCT gist-825 103 1 who who PRON gist-825 103 2 meets meet VERB gist-825 103 3 already already ADV gist-825 103 4 the the DET gist-825 103 5 bilingualism bilingualism NOUN gist-825 103 6 requirement requirement NOUN gist-825 103 7 by by ADP gist-825 103 8 being be AUX gist-825 103 9 speakers speaker NOUN gist-825 103 10 of of ADP gist-825 103 11 spanish spanish NOUN gist-825 103 12 as as ADP gist-825 103 13 a a DET gist-825 103 14 second second ADJ gist-825 103 15 language language NOUN gist-825 103 16 ? ? PUNCT gist-825 104 1 the the DET gist-825 104 2 emerging emerge VERB gist-825 104 3 reflections reflection NOUN gist-825 104 4 testified testify VERB gist-825 104 5 for for ADP gist-825 104 6 the the DET gist-825 104 7 need need NOUN gist-825 104 8 of of ADP gist-825 104 9 a a DET gist-825 104 10 clear clear ADJ gist-825 104 11 linguistic linguistic ADJ gist-825 104 12 policy policy NOUN gist-825 104 13 within within ADP gist-825 104 14 the the DET gist-825 104 15 institution institution NOUN gist-825 104 16 regarding regard VERB gist-825 104 17 bilingualism bilingualism NOUN gist-825 104 18 and and CCONJ gist-825 104 19 showed show VERB gist-825 104 20 the the DET gist-825 104 21 importance importance NOUN gist-825 104 22 of of ADP gist-825 104 23 the the DET gist-825 104 24 participation participation NOUN gist-825 104 25 of of ADP gist-825 104 26 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 104 27 representatives representative NOUN gist-825 104 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 104 29 as as SCONJ gist-825 104 30 the the DET gist-825 104 31 development development NOUN gist-825 104 32 of of ADP gist-825 104 33 tests test NOUN gist-825 104 34 is be AUX gist-825 104 35 best well ADV gist-825 104 36 done do VERB gist-825 104 37 collaboratively collaboratively ADV gist-825 104 38 between between ADP gist-825 104 39 different different ADJ gist-825 104 40 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 104 41 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 104 42 douglas douglas PROPN gist-825 104 43 , , PUNCT gist-825 104 44 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 104 45 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 104 46 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 104 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 104 48 2018a 2018a NUM gist-825 104 49 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 104 50 . . PUNCT gist-825 105 1 designing design VERB gist-825 105 2 items item NOUN gist-825 105 3 although although SCONJ gist-825 105 4 many many ADJ gist-825 105 5 high high ADJ gist-825 105 6 - - PUNCT gist-825 105 7 stake stake NOUN gist-825 105 8 language language NOUN gist-825 105 9 tests test NOUN gist-825 105 10 are be AUX gist-825 105 11 designed design VERB gist-825 105 12 by by ADP gist-825 105 13 specialists specialist NOUN gist-825 105 14 in in ADP gist-825 105 15 the the DET gist-825 105 16 field field NOUN gist-825 105 17 of of ADP gist-825 105 18 testing testing NOUN gist-825 105 19 who who PRON gist-825 105 20 do do AUX gist-825 105 21 not not PART gist-825 105 22 necessarily necessarily ADV gist-825 105 23 teach teach VERB gist-825 105 24 the the DET gist-825 105 25 language language NOUN gist-825 105 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 105 27 we we PRON gist-825 105 28 believe believe VERB gist-825 105 29 that that SCONJ gist-825 105 30 language language NOUN gist-825 105 31 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 105 32 “ " PUNCT gist-825 105 33 make make VERB gist-825 105 34 good good ADJ gist-825 105 35 item item NOUN gist-825 105 36 writers writer NOUN gist-825 105 37 as as SCONJ gist-825 105 38 they they PRON gist-825 105 39 have have AUX gist-825 105 40 developed develop VERB gist-825 105 41 a a DET gist-825 105 42 deep deep ADJ gist-825 105 43 understanding understanding NOUN gist-825 105 44 of of ADP gist-825 105 45 language language NOUN gist-825 105 46 learners learner NOUN gist-825 105 47 and and CCONJ gist-825 105 48 of of ADP gist-825 105 49 the the DET gist-825 105 50 language language NOUN gist-825 105 51 ” " PUNCT gist-825 105 52 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 105 53 alte alte PROPN gist-825 105 54 , , PUNCT gist-825 105 55 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 105 56 , , PUNCT gist-825 105 57 p. p. NOUN gist-825 105 58 26 26 NUM gist-825 105 59 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 105 60 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 105 61 therefore therefore ADV gist-825 105 62 , , PUNCT gist-825 105 63 university university NOUN gist-825 105 64 language language NOUN gist-825 105 65 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 105 66 should should AUX gist-825 105 67 be be AUX gist-825 105 68 offered offer VERB gist-825 105 69 more more ADJ gist-825 105 70 participation participation NOUN gist-825 105 71 in in ADP gist-825 105 72 test test NOUN gist-825 105 73 - - PUNCT gist-825 105 74 design design NOUN gist-825 105 75 teams team NOUN gist-825 105 76 , , PUNCT gist-825 105 77 as as ADV gist-825 105 78 well well ADV gist-825 105 79 as as ADP gist-825 105 80 in in ADP gist-825 105 81 language language NOUN gist-825 105 82 policy policy NOUN gist-825 105 83 decision decision NOUN gist-825 105 84 - - PUNCT gist-825 105 85 making making NOUN gist-825 105 86 . . PUNCT gist-825 106 1 after after ADP gist-825 106 2 the the DET gist-825 106 3 item item NOUN gist-825 106 4 design design NOUN gist-825 106 5 workshops workshop NOUN gist-825 106 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 106 7 three three NUM gist-825 106 8 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 106 9 were be AUX gist-825 106 10 identified identify VERB gist-825 106 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 106 12 manifested manifest VERB gist-825 106 13 by by ADP gist-825 106 14 the the DET gist-825 106 15 team team NOUN gist-825 106 16 : : PUNCT gist-825 106 17 variety variety NOUN gist-825 106 18 in in ADP gist-825 106 19 the the DET gist-825 106 20 nature nature NOUN gist-825 106 21 of of ADP gist-825 106 22 items item NOUN gist-825 106 23 , , PUNCT gist-825 106 24 instructions instruction NOUN gist-825 106 25 writing writing NOUN gist-825 106 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 106 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 106 28 distractors distractor NOUN gist-825 106 29 design design VERB gist-825 106 30 . . PUNCT gist-825 107 1 the the DET gist-825 107 2 first first ADJ gist-825 107 3 challenge challenge NOUN gist-825 107 4 in in ADP gist-825 107 5 this this DET gist-825 107 6 stage stage NOUN gist-825 107 7 was be AUX gist-825 107 8 fostering foster VERB gist-825 107 9 variety variety NOUN gist-825 107 10 within within ADP gist-825 107 11 the the DET gist-825 107 12 test test NOUN gist-825 107 13 design design NOUN gist-825 107 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 108 1 in in ADP gist-825 108 2 our our PRON gist-825 108 3 training training NOUN gist-825 108 4 experience experience NOUN gist-825 108 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 108 6 the the DET gist-825 108 7 workshops workshop NOUN gist-825 108 8 allowed allow VERB gist-825 108 9 the the DET gist-825 108 10 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 108 11 to to PART gist-825 108 12 discover discover VERB gist-825 108 13 several several ADJ gist-825 108 14 forms form NOUN gist-825 108 15 of of ADP gist-825 108 16 items item NOUN gist-825 108 17 they they PRON gist-825 108 18 did do AUX gist-825 108 19 not not PART gist-825 108 20 know know VERB gist-825 108 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 108 22 or or CCONJ gist-825 108 23 that that SCONJ gist-825 108 24 they they PRON gist-825 108 25 had have AUX gist-825 108 26 never never ADV gist-825 108 27 included include VERB gist-825 108 28 in in ADP gist-825 108 29 a a DET gist-825 108 30 test test NOUN gist-825 108 31 before before ADV gist-825 108 32 . . PUNCT gist-825 109 1 thus thus ADV gist-825 109 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 109 3 once once SCONJ gist-825 109 4 the the DET gist-825 109 5 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 109 6 started start VERB gist-825 109 7 designing design VERB gist-825 109 8 the the DET gist-825 109 9 first first ADJ gist-825 109 10 test test NOUN gist-825 109 11 blueprint blueprint NOUN gist-825 109 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 109 13 they they PRON gist-825 109 14 felt feel VERB gist-825 109 15 a a DET gist-825 109 16 creative creative ADJ gist-825 109 17 rush rush NOUN gist-825 109 18 to to PART gist-825 109 19 incorporate incorporate VERB gist-825 109 20 as as ADV gist-825 109 21 many many ADJ gist-825 109 22 different different ADJ gist-825 109 23 items item NOUN gist-825 109 24 as as ADP gist-825 109 25 possible possible ADJ gist-825 109 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 109 27 in in ADP gist-825 109 28 sake sake NOUN gist-825 109 29 of of ADP gist-825 109 30 rich rich ADJ gist-825 109 31 variety variety NOUN gist-825 109 32 in in ADP gist-825 109 33 the the DET gist-825 109 34 test test NOUN gist-825 109 35 . . PUNCT gist-825 110 1 the the DET gist-825 110 2 result result NOUN gist-825 110 3 was be AUX gist-825 110 4 an an DET gist-825 110 5 intricate intricate ADJ gist-825 110 6 test test NOUN gist-825 110 7 that that PRON gist-825 110 8 could could AUX gist-825 110 9 mislead mislead VERB gist-825 110 10 test test NOUN gist-825 110 11 takers taker NOUN gist-825 110 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 110 13 as as SCONJ gist-825 110 14 the the DET gist-825 110 15 proposed propose VERB gist-825 110 16 items item NOUN gist-825 110 17 and and CCONJ gist-825 110 18 the the DET gist-825 110 19 tasks task NOUN gist-825 110 20 did do AUX gist-825 110 21 not not PART gist-825 110 22 match match VERB gist-825 110 23 the the DET gist-825 110 24 target target NOUN gist-825 110 25 audience audience NOUN gist-825 110 26 ’s ’s PART gist-825 110 27 background background NOUN gist-825 110 28 experience experience NOUN gist-825 110 29 in in ADP gist-825 110 30 solving solve VERB gist-825 110 31 language language NOUN gist-825 110 32 tests test NOUN gist-825 110 33 . . PUNCT gist-825 111 1 once once ADV gist-825 111 2 again again ADV gist-825 111 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 111 4 the the DET gist-825 111 5 first first ADJ gist-825 111 6 designs design NOUN gist-825 111 7 produced produce VERB gist-825 111 8 by by ADP gist-825 111 9 the the DET gist-825 111 10 team team NOUN gist-825 111 11 would would AUX gist-825 111 12 propose propose VERB gist-825 111 13 items item NOUN gist-825 111 14 and and CCONJ gist-825 111 15 tasks task NOUN gist-825 111 16 that that PRON gist-825 111 17 were be AUX gist-825 111 18 very very ADV gist-825 111 19 complex complex ADJ gist-825 111 20 for for ADP gist-825 111 21 the the DET gist-825 111 22 target target NOUN gist-825 111 23 audience audience NOUN gist-825 111 24 . . PUNCT gist-825 112 1 the the DET gist-825 112 2 trainees trainee NOUN gist-825 112 3 in in ADP gist-825 112 4 our our PRON gist-825 112 5 team team NOUN gist-825 112 6 would would AUX gist-825 112 7 draw draw VERB gist-825 112 8 heavily heavily ADV gist-825 112 9 upon upon SCONJ gist-825 112 10 a a DET gist-825 112 11 framework framework NOUN gist-825 112 12 of of ADP gist-825 112 13 previous previous ADJ gist-825 112 14 experiences experience NOUN gist-825 112 15 as as ADP gist-825 112 16 test test NOUN gist-825 112 17 takers taker NOUN gist-825 112 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 112 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 112 20 so so ADV gist-825 112 21 they they PRON gist-825 112 22 would would AUX gist-825 112 23 try try VERB gist-825 112 24 to to PART gist-825 112 25 mimic mimic VERB gist-825 112 26 tests test NOUN gist-825 112 27 they they PRON gist-825 112 28 had have AUX gist-825 112 29 solved solve VERB gist-825 112 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 112 31 tasks task NOUN gist-825 112 32 they they PRON gist-825 112 33 had have AUX gist-825 112 34 found find VERB gist-825 112 35 particularly particularly ADV gist-825 112 36 complex complex ADJ gist-825 112 37 and and CCONJ gist-825 112 38 demanding demanding ADJ gist-825 112 39 , , PUNCT gist-825 112 40 or or CCONJ gist-825 112 41 tasks task NOUN gist-825 112 42 that that PRON gist-825 112 43 they they PRON gist-825 112 44 deemed deem VERB gist-825 112 45 interesting interesting ADJ gist-825 112 46 . . PUNCT gist-825 113 1 at at ADP gist-825 113 2 this this DET gist-825 113 3 point point NOUN gist-825 113 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 113 5 the the DET gist-825 113 6 team team NOUN gist-825 113 7 had have VERB gist-825 113 8 to to PART gist-825 113 9 reflect reflect VERB gist-825 113 10 upon upon SCONJ gist-825 113 11 how how SCONJ gist-825 113 12 paramount paramount ADJ gist-825 113 13 it it PRON gist-825 113 14 is be AUX gist-825 113 15 to to PART gist-825 113 16 carefully carefully ADV gist-825 113 17 choose choose VERB gist-825 113 18 items item NOUN gist-825 113 19 that that PRON gist-825 113 20 test test NOUN gist-825 113 21 takers taker NOUN gist-825 113 22 have have AUX gist-825 113 23 been be AUX gist-825 113 24 previously previously ADV gist-825 113 25 exposed expose VERB gist-825 113 26 to to ADP gist-825 113 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 113 28 since since SCONJ gist-825 113 29 both both DET gist-825 113 30 success success NOUN gist-825 113 31 or or CCONJ gist-825 113 32 failure failure NOUN gist-825 113 33 in in ADP gist-825 113 34 a a DET gist-825 113 35 test test NOUN gist-825 113 36 also also ADV gist-825 113 37 depends depend VERB gist-825 113 38 on on ADP gist-825 113 39 the the DET gist-825 113 40 level level NOUN gist-825 113 41 of of ADP gist-825 113 42 familiarity familiarity NOUN gist-825 113 43 that that SCONJ gist-825 113 44 the the DET gist-825 113 45 test test NOUN gist-825 113 46 taker taker NOUN gist-825 113 47 has have VERB gist-825 113 48 with with ADP gist-825 113 49 the the DET gist-825 113 50 item item NOUN gist-825 113 51 type type NOUN gist-825 113 52 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 113 53 for for ADP gist-825 113 54 instance instance NOUN gist-825 113 55 , , PUNCT gist-825 113 56 it it PRON gist-825 113 57 might might AUX gist-825 113 58 happen happen VERB gist-825 113 59 that that SCONJ gist-825 113 60 a a DET gist-825 113 61 test test NOUN gist-825 113 62 taker taker NOUN gist-825 113 63 with with ADP gist-825 113 64 a a DET gist-825 113 65 high high ADJ gist-825 113 66 level level NOUN gist-825 113 67 of of ADP gist-825 113 68 language language NOUN gist-825 113 69 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 113 70 performs perform VERB gist-825 113 71 poorly poorly ADV gist-825 113 72 in in ADP gist-825 113 73 a a DET gist-825 113 74 test test NOUN gist-825 113 75 : : PUNCT gist-825 113 76 he he PRON gist-825 113 77 might might AUX gist-825 113 78 be be AUX gist-825 113 79 linguistically linguistically ADV gist-825 113 80 good good ADJ gist-825 113 81 enough enough ADV gist-825 114 1 but but CCONJ gist-825 114 2 he he PRON gist-825 114 3 might might AUX gist-825 114 4 get get AUX gist-825 114 5 confused confuse VERB gist-825 114 6 with with ADP gist-825 114 7 the the DET gist-825 114 8 format format NOUN gist-825 114 9 of of ADP gist-825 114 10 the the DET gist-825 114 11 item item NOUN gist-825 114 12 stem stem NOUN gist-825 114 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 114 14 resulting result VERB gist-825 114 15 in in ADP gist-825 114 16 poor poor ADJ gist-825 114 17 task task NOUN gist-825 114 18 completion completion NOUN gist-825 114 19 . . PUNCT gist-825 115 1 this this DET gist-825 115 2 desire desire NOUN gist-825 115 3 to to PART gist-825 115 4 include include VERB gist-825 115 5 several several ADJ gist-825 115 6 types type NOUN gist-825 115 7 of of ADP gist-825 115 8 items item NOUN gist-825 115 9 opened open VERB gist-825 115 10 the the DET gist-825 115 11 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 115 12 towards towards ADP gist-825 115 13 what what PRON gist-825 115 14 it it PRON gist-825 115 15 means mean VERB gist-825 115 16 to to PART gist-825 115 17 foster foster VERB gist-825 115 18 variety variety NOUN gist-825 115 19 within within ADP gist-825 115 20 the the DET gist-825 115 21 test test NOUN gist-825 115 22 . . PUNCT gist-825 116 1 although although SCONJ gist-825 116 2 a a DET gist-825 116 3 good good ADJ gist-825 116 4 test test NOUN gist-825 116 5 should should AUX gist-825 116 6 offer offer VERB gist-825 116 7 tasks task NOUN gist-825 116 8 that that PRON gist-825 116 9 are be AUX gist-825 116 10 varied varied ADJ gist-825 116 11 in in ADP gist-825 116 12 nature nature NOUN gist-825 116 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 116 14 the the DET gist-825 116 15 real real ADJ gist-825 116 16 challenge challenge NOUN gist-825 116 17 is be AUX gist-825 116 18 to to PART gist-825 116 19 offer offer VERB gist-825 116 20 as as ADV gist-825 116 21 many many ADJ gist-825 116 22 varied varied ADJ gist-825 116 23 opportunities opportunity NOUN gist-825 116 24 for for ADP gist-825 116 25 language language NOUN gist-825 116 26 learners learner NOUN gist-825 116 27 design design NOUN gist-825 116 28 and and CCONJ gist-825 116 29 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 116 30 of of ADP gist-825 116 31 an an DET gist-825 116 32 english english ADJ gist-825 116 33 test test NOUN gist-825 116 34 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 117 1 202 202 NUM gist-825 117 2 no no NOUN gist-825 117 3 . . PROPN gist-825 117 4 21 21 NUM gist-825 117 5 to to PART gist-825 117 6 show show VERB gist-825 117 7 their their PRON gist-825 117 8 mastery mastery NOUN gist-825 117 9 of of ADP gist-825 117 10 different different ADJ gist-825 117 11 linguistic linguistic ADJ gist-825 117 12 functions function NOUN gist-825 117 13 . . PUNCT gist-825 118 1 in in ADP gist-825 118 2 that that DET gist-825 118 3 sense sense NOUN gist-825 118 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 118 5 variety variety NOUN gist-825 118 6 in in ADP gist-825 118 7 tests test NOUN gist-825 118 8 can can AUX gist-825 118 9 be be AUX gist-825 118 10 achieved achieve VERB gist-825 118 11 through through ADP gist-825 118 12 the the DET gist-825 118 13 incorporation incorporation NOUN gist-825 118 14 of of ADP gist-825 118 15 different different ADJ gist-825 118 16 communicative communicative ADJ gist-825 118 17 functions function NOUN gist-825 118 18 in in ADP gist-825 118 19 each each PRON gist-825 118 20 of of ADP gist-825 118 21 the the DET gist-825 118 22 assessed assessed ADJ gist-825 118 23 skills skill NOUN gist-825 118 24 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 118 25 for for ADP gist-825 118 26 instance instance NOUN gist-825 118 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 118 28 there there PRON gist-825 118 29 may may AUX gist-825 118 30 be be AUX gist-825 118 31 tests test NOUN gist-825 118 32 with with ADP gist-825 118 33 a a DET gist-825 118 34 vast vast ADJ gist-825 118 35 array array NOUN gist-825 118 36 of of ADP gist-825 118 37 item item NOUN gist-825 118 38 types type NOUN gist-825 118 39 that that PRON gist-825 118 40 revolve revolve VERB gist-825 118 41 around around ADP gist-825 118 42 the the DET gist-825 118 43 same same ADJ gist-825 118 44 topic topic NOUN gist-825 118 45 or or CCONJ gist-825 118 46 function function NOUN gist-825 118 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 118 48 rendering render VERB gist-825 118 49 the the DET gist-825 118 50 test test NOUN gist-825 118 51 tricky tricky ADJ gist-825 118 52 in in ADP gist-825 118 53 the the DET gist-825 118 54 solving solving NOUN gist-825 118 55 but but CCONJ gist-825 118 56 monotonous monotonous ADJ gist-825 118 57 in in ADP gist-825 118 58 the the DET gist-825 118 59 content content NOUN gist-825 118 60 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 118 61 on on ADP gist-825 118 62 the the DET gist-825 118 63 other other ADJ gist-825 118 64 hand hand NOUN gist-825 118 65 , , PUNCT gist-825 118 66 there there PRON gist-825 118 67 may may AUX gist-825 118 68 be be AUX gist-825 118 69 an an DET gist-825 118 70 exam exam NOUN gist-825 118 71 containing contain VERB gist-825 118 72 only only ADV gist-825 118 73 multiple multiple ADJ gist-825 118 74 choice choice NOUN gist-825 118 75 and and CCONJ gist-825 118 76 cloze cloze NOUN gist-825 118 77 items item NOUN gist-825 118 78 , , PUNCT gist-825 118 79 but but CCONJ gist-825 118 80 whose whose DET gist-825 118 81 content content NOUN gist-825 118 82 is be AUX gist-825 118 83 rich rich ADJ gist-825 118 84 in in ADP gist-825 118 85 the the DET gist-825 118 86 type type NOUN gist-825 118 87 of of ADP gist-825 118 88 communicative communicative ADJ gist-825 118 89 functions function NOUN gist-825 118 90 it it PRON gist-825 118 91 evaluates evaluate VERB gist-825 118 92 . . PUNCT gist-825 119 1 the the DET gist-825 119 2 second second ADJ gist-825 119 3 major major ADJ gist-825 119 4 challenge challenge NOUN gist-825 119 5 was be AUX gist-825 119 6 instruction instruction NOUN gist-825 119 7 writing writing NOUN gist-825 119 8 . . PUNCT gist-825 120 1 during during ADP gist-825 120 2 the the DET gist-825 120 3 design design NOUN gist-825 120 4 of of ADP gist-825 120 5 items item NOUN gist-825 120 6 and and CCONJ gist-825 120 7 peer peer NOUN gist-825 120 8 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 120 9 within within ADP gist-825 120 10 the the DET gist-825 120 11 training training NOUN gist-825 120 12 sessions session NOUN gist-825 120 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 120 14 it it PRON gist-825 120 15 became become VERB gist-825 120 16 clear clear ADJ gist-825 120 17 that that SCONJ gist-825 120 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 120 19 in in ADP gist-825 120 20 general general ADJ gist-825 120 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 120 22 there there PRON gist-825 120 23 was be VERB gist-825 120 24 a a DET gist-825 120 25 lot lot NOUN gist-825 120 26 of of ADP gist-825 120 27 difficulty difficulty NOUN gist-825 120 28 writing write VERB gist-825 120 29 clear clear ADJ gist-825 120 30 and and CCONJ gist-825 120 31 concise concise ADJ gist-825 120 32 instructions instruction NOUN gist-825 120 33 on on ADP gist-825 120 34 item item NOUN gist-825 120 35 stems stem NOUN gist-825 120 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 121 1 to to ADP gist-825 121 2 this this DET gist-825 121 3 respect respect NOUN gist-825 121 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 121 5 the the DET gist-825 121 6 language language NOUN gist-825 121 7 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 121 8 stated state VERB gist-825 121 9 that that SCONJ gist-825 121 10 perhaps perhaps ADV gist-825 121 11 the the DET gist-825 121 12 reason reason NOUN gist-825 121 13 for for ADP gist-825 121 14 such such ADJ gist-825 121 15 difficulty difficulty NOUN gist-825 121 16 was be AUX gist-825 121 17 the the DET gist-825 121 18 fact fact NOUN gist-825 121 19 that that SCONJ gist-825 121 20 they they PRON gist-825 121 21 were be AUX gist-825 121 22 more more ADV gist-825 121 23 familiar familiar ADJ gist-825 121 24 with with ADP gist-825 121 25 giving give VERB gist-825 121 26 instructions instruction NOUN gist-825 121 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 121 28 explanations explanation NOUN gist-825 121 29 orally orally ADV gist-825 121 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 121 31 and and CCONJ gist-825 121 32 not not PART gist-825 121 33 so so ADV gist-825 121 34 much much ADV gist-825 121 35 in in ADP gist-825 121 36 written write VERB gist-825 121 37 form form NOUN gist-825 121 38 . . PUNCT gist-825 122 1 the the DET gist-825 122 2 following follow VERB gist-825 122 3 common common ADJ gist-825 122 4 errors error NOUN gist-825 122 5 could could AUX gist-825 122 6 be be AUX gist-825 122 7 identified identify VERB gist-825 122 8 in in ADP gist-825 122 9 the the DET gist-825 122 10 first first ADJ gist-825 122 11 item item NOUN gist-825 122 12 proposals proposal NOUN gist-825 122 13 : : PUNCT gist-825 122 14 • • SCONJ gist-825 122 15 the the DET gist-825 122 16 instruction instruction NOUN gist-825 122 17 was be AUX gist-825 122 18 ambiguous ambiguous ADJ gist-825 122 19 , , PUNCT gist-825 122 20 giving give VERB gist-825 122 21 rise rise NOUN gist-825 122 22 to to ADP gist-825 122 23 more more ADJ gist-825 122 24 than than ADP gist-825 122 25 one one NUM gist-825 122 26 interpretation interpretation NOUN gist-825 122 27 • • ADP gist-825 122 28 the the DET gist-825 122 29 instruction instruction NOUN gist-825 122 30 did do AUX gist-825 122 31 not not PART gist-825 122 32 clearly clearly ADV gist-825 122 33 state state VERB gist-825 122 34 what what PRON gist-825 122 35 the the DET gist-825 122 36 test test NOUN gist-825 122 37 taker taker NOUN gist-825 122 38 was be AUX gist-825 122 39 expected expect VERB gist-825 122 40 to to PART gist-825 122 41 do do VERB gist-825 122 42 • • NOUN gist-825 122 43 the the DET gist-825 122 44 instruction instruction NOUN gist-825 122 45 was be AUX gist-825 122 46 too too ADV gist-825 122 47 long long ADJ gist-825 122 48 , , PUNCT gist-825 122 49 with with ADP gist-825 122 50 redundant redundant ADJ gist-825 122 51 explanations explanation NOUN gist-825 122 52 of of ADP gist-825 122 53 what what PRON gist-825 122 54 the the DET gist-825 122 55 test test NOUN gist-825 122 56 taker taker NOUN gist-825 122 57 was be AUX gist-825 122 58 expected expect VERB gist-825 122 59 to to PART gist-825 122 60 do do VERB gist-825 122 61 . . PUNCT gist-825 123 1 after after ADP gist-825 123 2 finally finally ADV gist-825 123 3 learning learn VERB gist-825 123 4 how how SCONJ gist-825 123 5 to to PART gist-825 123 6 write write VERB gist-825 123 7 clear clear ADJ gist-825 123 8 instructions instruction NOUN gist-825 123 9 in in ADP gist-825 123 10 item item NOUN gist-825 123 11 stems stem NOUN gist-825 123 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 123 13 our our PRON gist-825 123 14 rookie rookie NOUN gist-825 123 15 design design NOUN gist-825 123 16 team team NOUN gist-825 123 17 had have VERB gist-825 123 18 to to PART gist-825 123 19 face face VERB gist-825 123 20 the the DET gist-825 123 21 third third ADJ gist-825 123 22 challenge challenge NOUN gist-825 123 23 at at ADP gist-825 123 24 this this DET gist-825 123 25 stage stage NOUN gist-825 123 26 : : PUNCT gist-825 123 27 designing design VERB gist-825 123 28 distractors distractor NOUN gist-825 123 29 . . PUNCT gist-825 124 1 initially initially ADV gist-825 124 2 the the DET gist-825 124 3 team team NOUN gist-825 124 4 would would AUX gist-825 124 5 design design VERB gist-825 124 6 an an DET gist-825 124 7 item item NOUN gist-825 124 8 with with ADP gist-825 124 9 the the DET gist-825 124 10 expected expect VERB gist-825 124 11 correct correct ADJ gist-825 124 12 answer answer NOUN gist-825 124 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 124 14 and and CCONJ gist-825 124 15 then then ADV gist-825 124 16 would would AUX gist-825 124 17 randomly randomly ADV gist-825 124 18 include include VERB gist-825 124 19 scattered scatter VERB gist-825 124 20 words word NOUN gist-825 124 21 to to PART gist-825 124 22 function function VERB gist-825 124 23 as as ADP gist-825 124 24 distractors distractor NOUN gist-825 124 25 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 124 26 the the DET gist-825 124 27 result result NOUN gist-825 124 28 was be AUX gist-825 124 29 an an DET gist-825 124 30 item item NOUN gist-825 124 31 that that PRON gist-825 124 32 could could AUX gist-825 124 33 easily easily ADV gist-825 124 34 be be AUX gist-825 124 35 solved solve VERB gist-825 124 36 without without ADP gist-825 124 37 actual actual ADJ gist-825 124 38 knowledge knowledge NOUN gist-825 124 39 of of ADP gist-825 124 40 the the DET gist-825 124 41 topic topic NOUN gist-825 124 42 , , PUNCT gist-825 124 43 as as SCONJ gist-825 124 44 the the DET gist-825 124 45 correct correct ADJ gist-825 124 46 answer answer NOUN gist-825 124 47 was be AUX gist-825 124 48 very very ADV gist-825 124 49 obvious obvious ADJ gist-825 124 50 amidst amidst ADP gist-825 124 51 poorly poorly ADV gist-825 124 52 selected select VERB gist-825 124 53 distractors distractor NOUN gist-825 124 54 . . PUNCT gist-825 125 1 with with ADP gist-825 125 2 this this PRON gist-825 125 3 in in ADP gist-825 125 4 mind mind NOUN gist-825 125 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 125 6 the the DET gist-825 125 7 team team NOUN gist-825 125 8 was be AUX gist-825 125 9 led lead VERB gist-825 125 10 to to PART gist-825 125 11 understand understand VERB gist-825 125 12 that that SCONJ gist-825 125 13 distractors distractor NOUN gist-825 125 14 in in ADP gist-825 125 15 multiple multiple ADJ gist-825 125 16 - - PUNCT gist-825 125 17 choice choice NOUN gist-825 125 18 items item NOUN gist-825 125 19 are be AUX gist-825 125 20 actually actually ADV gist-825 125 21 designed design VERB gist-825 125 22 , , PUNCT gist-825 125 23 based base VERB gist-825 125 24 on on ADP gist-825 125 25 the the DET gist-825 125 26 target target NOUN gist-825 125 27 function function NOUN gist-825 125 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 125 29 structure structure NOUN gist-825 125 30 or or CCONJ gist-825 125 31 vocabulary vocabulary NOUN gist-825 125 32 that that SCONJ gist-825 125 33 the the DET gist-825 125 34 item item NOUN gist-825 125 35 intends intend VERB gist-825 125 36 to to PART gist-825 125 37 assess assess VERB gist-825 125 38 . . PUNCT gist-825 126 1 this this DET gist-825 126 2 stage stage NOUN gist-825 126 3 of of ADP gist-825 126 4 the the DET gist-825 126 5 process process NOUN gist-825 126 6 revealed reveal VERB gist-825 126 7 that that SCONJ gist-825 126 8 the the DET gist-825 126 9 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 126 10 in in ADP gist-825 126 11 the the DET gist-825 126 12 designing design VERB gist-825 126 13 team team NOUN gist-825 126 14 felt feel VERB gist-825 126 15 much much ADV gist-825 126 16 more more ADV gist-825 126 17 comfortable comfortable ADJ gist-825 126 18 while while SCONJ gist-825 126 19 designing design VERB gist-825 126 20 tasks task NOUN gist-825 126 21 for for ADP gist-825 126 22 grammar grammar NOUN gist-825 126 23 and and CCONJ gist-825 126 24 vocabulary vocabulary ADJ gist-825 126 25 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 126 26 . . PUNCT gist-825 127 1 at at ADP gist-825 127 2 the the DET gist-825 127 3 opposite opposite ADJ gist-825 127 4 side side NOUN gist-825 127 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 127 6 they they PRON gist-825 127 7 did do AUX gist-825 127 8 not not PART gist-825 127 9 show show VERB gist-825 127 10 to to PART gist-825 127 11 be be AUX gist-825 127 12 so so ADV gist-825 127 13 at at ADP gist-825 127 14 ease ease NOUN gist-825 127 15 while while SCONJ gist-825 127 16 defining define VERB gist-825 127 17 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 127 18 for for ADP gist-825 127 19 listening listen VERB gist-825 127 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 127 21 reading reading NOUN gist-825 127 22 . . PUNCT gist-825 128 1 this this PRON gist-825 128 2 suggests suggest VERB gist-825 128 3 the the DET gist-825 128 4 need need NOUN gist-825 128 5 to to PART gist-825 128 6 constantly constantly ADV gist-825 128 7 revise revise VERB gist-825 128 8 the the DET gist-825 128 9 concept concept NOUN gist-825 128 10 of of ADP gist-825 128 11 construct construct NOUN gist-825 128 12 in in ADP gist-825 128 13 relation relation NOUN gist-825 128 14 to to ADP gist-825 128 15 all all DET gist-825 128 16 the the DET gist-825 128 17 language language NOUN gist-825 128 18 skills skill NOUN gist-825 128 19 , , PUNCT gist-825 128 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 128 21 the the DET gist-825 128 22 necessity necessity NOUN gist-825 128 23 for for SCONJ gist-825 128 24 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 128 25 to to PART gist-825 128 26 reflect reflect VERB gist-825 128 27 upon upon SCONJ gist-825 128 28 what what PRON gist-825 128 29 it it PRON gist-825 128 30 means mean VERB gist-825 128 31 to to PART gist-825 128 32 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 128 33 measure measure NOUN gist-825 128 34 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 128 35 listening listen VERB gist-825 128 36 and and CCONJ gist-825 128 37 reading reading NOUN gist-825 128 38 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 128 39 , , PUNCT gist-825 128 40 as as ADV gist-825 128 41 well well ADV gist-825 128 42 as as ADP gist-825 128 43 oral oral ADJ gist-825 128 44 production production NOUN gist-825 128 45 . . PUNCT gist-825 129 1 design design NOUN gist-825 129 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 129 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 129 4 of of ADP gist-825 129 5 an an DET gist-825 129 6 english english ADJ gist-825 129 7 test test NOUN gist-825 129 8 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 129 9 203 203 NUM gist-825 129 10 no no NOUN gist-825 129 11 . . NOUN gist-825 129 12 21 21 NUM gist-825 129 13 making make VERB gist-825 129 14 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 129 15 one one NUM gist-825 129 16 of of ADP gist-825 129 17 the the DET gist-825 129 18 hardest hard ADJ gist-825 129 19 lessons lesson NOUN gist-825 129 20 we we PRON gist-825 129 21 had have VERB gist-825 129 22 to to PART gist-825 129 23 learn learn VERB gist-825 129 24 as as SCONJ gist-825 129 25 rookie rookie NOUN gist-825 129 26 test test NOUN gist-825 129 27 designers designer NOUN gist-825 129 28 was be AUX gist-825 129 29 the the DET gist-825 129 30 fact fact NOUN gist-825 129 31 that that SCONJ gist-825 129 32 there there PRON gist-825 129 33 is be VERB gist-825 129 34 no no DET gist-825 129 35 such such ADJ gist-825 129 36 thing thing NOUN gist-825 129 37 as as ADP gist-825 129 38 a a DET gist-825 129 39 step step NOUN gist-825 129 40 - - PUNCT gist-825 129 41 by by ADP gist-825 129 42 - - PUNCT gist-825 129 43 step step NOUN gist-825 129 44 recipe recipe NOUN gist-825 129 45 to to PART gist-825 129 46 craft craft VERB gist-825 129 47 a a DET gist-825 129 48 new new ADJ gist-825 129 49 test test NOUN gist-825 129 50 . . PUNCT gist-825 130 1 in in ADP gist-825 130 2 that that DET gist-825 130 3 sense sense NOUN gist-825 130 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 130 5 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 130 6 and and CCONJ gist-825 130 7 geranpayeh geranpayeh PROPN gist-825 130 8 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 130 9 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 130 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 130 11 were be AUX gist-825 130 12 very very ADV gist-825 130 13 assertive assertive ADJ gist-825 130 14 when when SCONJ gist-825 130 15 they they PRON gist-825 130 16 mention mention VERB gist-825 130 17 that that SCONJ gist-825 130 18 “ " PUNCT gist-825 130 19 all all DET gist-825 130 20 language language NOUN gist-825 130 21 testing testing NOUN gist-825 130 22 , , PUNCT gist-825 130 23 including include VERB gist-825 130 24 large large ADJ gist-825 130 25 - - PUNCT gist-825 130 26 scale scale NOUN gist-825 130 27 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 130 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 130 29 is be AUX gist-825 130 30 ‘ ' PUNCT gist-825 130 31 the the DET gist-825 130 32 art art NOUN gist-825 130 33 of of ADP gist-825 130 34 the the DET gist-825 130 35 possible possible ADJ gist-825 130 36 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 130 37 ” " PUNCT gist-825 131 1 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 131 2 p. p. NOUN gist-825 131 3 94 94 NUM gist-825 131 4 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 131 5 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 131 6 this this PRON gist-825 131 7 means mean VERB gist-825 131 8 that that SCONJ gist-825 131 9 for for ADP gist-825 131 10 every every DET gist-825 131 11 case case NOUN gist-825 131 12 of of ADP gist-825 131 13 test test NOUN gist-825 131 14 design design NOUN gist-825 131 15 there there PRON gist-825 131 16 are be VERB gist-825 131 17 many many ADJ gist-825 131 18 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 131 19 to to PART gist-825 131 20 be be AUX gist-825 131 21 made make VERB gist-825 131 22 by by ADP gist-825 131 23 the the DET gist-825 131 24 designing design VERB gist-825 131 25 team team NOUN gist-825 131 26 according accord VERB gist-825 131 27 to to ADP gist-825 131 28 their their PRON gist-825 131 29 particular particular ADJ gist-825 131 30 setting setting NOUN gist-825 131 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 131 32 and and CCONJ gist-825 131 33 that that SCONJ gist-825 131 34 many many ADJ gist-825 131 35 of of ADP gist-825 131 36 the the DET gist-825 131 37 questions question NOUN gist-825 131 38 and and CCONJ gist-825 131 39 concerns concern NOUN gist-825 131 40 you you PRON gist-825 131 41 may may AUX gist-825 131 42 have have VERB gist-825 131 43 while while SCONJ gist-825 131 44 crafting craft VERB gist-825 131 45 a a DET gist-825 131 46 new new ADJ gist-825 131 47 test test NOUN gist-825 131 48 do do AUX gist-825 131 49 not not PART gist-825 131 50 have have VERB gist-825 131 51 a a DET gist-825 131 52 unique unique ADJ gist-825 131 53 valid valid ADJ gist-825 131 54 answer answer NOUN gist-825 131 55 . . PUNCT gist-825 132 1 in in ADP gist-825 132 2 our our PRON gist-825 132 3 case case NOUN gist-825 132 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 132 5 for for ADP gist-825 132 6 example example NOUN gist-825 132 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 132 8 the the DET gist-825 132 9 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 132 10 felt feel VERB gist-825 132 11 very very ADV gist-825 132 12 unconfident unconfident ADJ gist-825 132 13 and and CCONJ gist-825 132 14 anxious anxious ADJ gist-825 132 15 about about ADP gist-825 132 16 questions question NOUN gist-825 132 17 such such ADJ gist-825 132 18 as as ADP gist-825 132 19 what what PRON gist-825 132 20 the the DET gist-825 132 21 best good ADJ gist-825 132 22 scale scale NOUN gist-825 132 23 to to PART gist-825 132 24 grade grade VERB gist-825 132 25 the the DET gist-825 132 26 test test NOUN gist-825 132 27 was be AUX gist-825 132 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 132 29 whether whether SCONJ gist-825 132 30 text text NOUN gist-825 132 31 in in ADP gist-825 132 32 the the DET gist-825 132 33 reading reading NOUN gist-825 132 34 comprehension comprehension NOUN gist-825 132 35 section section NOUN gist-825 132 36 should should AUX gist-825 132 37 be be AUX gist-825 132 38 utterly utterly ADV gist-825 132 39 authentic authentic ADJ gist-825 132 40 , , PUNCT gist-825 132 41 or or CCONJ gist-825 132 42 if if SCONJ gist-825 132 43 a a DET gist-825 132 44 computer computer NOUN gist-825 132 45 - - PUNCT gist-825 132 46 based base VERB gist-825 132 47 version version NOUN gist-825 132 48 of of ADP gist-825 132 49 the the DET gist-825 132 50 exam exam NOUN gist-825 132 51 would would AUX gist-825 132 52 be be AUX gist-825 132 53 better well ADJ gist-825 132 54 than than ADP gist-825 132 55 a a DET gist-825 132 56 paper paper NOUN gist-825 132 57 - - PUNCT gist-825 132 58 based base VERB gist-825 132 59 version version NOUN gist-825 132 60 . . PUNCT gist-825 133 1 in in ADP gist-825 133 2 this this DET gist-825 133 3 regard regard NOUN gist-825 133 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 5 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 133 6 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 7 geranpayeh geranpayeh ADJ gist-825 133 8 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 133 9 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 133 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 133 11 explain explain VERB gist-825 133 12 that that SCONJ gist-825 133 13 “ " PUNCT gist-825 133 14 tests test NOUN gist-825 133 15 remain remain VERB gist-825 133 16 to to ADP gist-825 133 17 some some DET gist-825 133 18 degree degree NOUN gist-825 133 19 provisional provisional ADJ gist-825 133 20 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 21 work work NOUN gist-825 133 22 - - PUNCT gist-825 133 23 in in ADP gist-825 133 24 - - PUNCT gist-825 133 25 progress progress NOUN gist-825 133 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 27 even even ADV gist-825 133 28 experimental experimental ADJ gist-825 133 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 30 hopefully hopefully ADV gist-825 133 31 serving serve VERB gist-825 133 32 a a DET gist-825 133 33 positive positive ADJ gist-825 133 34 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 35 practical practical ADJ gist-825 133 36 function function NOUN gist-825 133 37 in in ADP gist-825 133 38 the the DET gist-825 133 39 real real ADJ gist-825 133 40 world world NOUN gist-825 133 41 of of ADP gist-825 133 42 here here ADV gist-825 133 43 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 44 now now ADV gist-825 133 45 ” " PUNCT gist-825 133 46 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 133 47 p. p. NOUN gist-825 133 48     SPACE gist-825 133 49 94 94 NUM gist-825 133 50 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 133 51 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 133 52 informed inform VERB gist-825 133 53 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 133 54 have have VERB gist-825 133 55 to to PART gist-825 133 56 be be AUX gist-825 133 57 made make VERB gist-825 133 58 taking take VERB gist-825 133 59 into into ADP gist-825 133 60 account account NOUN gist-825 133 61 the the DET gist-825 133 62 academic academic ADJ gist-825 133 63 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 64 social social ADJ gist-825 133 65 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 66 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 67 economic economic ADJ gist-825 133 68 context context NOUN gist-825 133 69 where where SCONJ gist-825 133 70 the the DET gist-825 133 71 test test NOUN gist-825 133 72 will will AUX gist-825 133 73 be be AUX gist-825 133 74 designed design VERB gist-825 133 75 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 76 implemented implement VERB gist-825 133 77 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 78 as as ADV gist-825 133 79 well well ADV gist-825 133 80 as as ADP gist-825 133 81 the the DET gist-825 133 82 possibilities possibility NOUN gist-825 133 83 of of ADP gist-825 133 84 the the DET gist-825 133 85 human human ADJ gist-825 133 86 resources resource NOUN gist-825 133 87 involved involve VERB gist-825 133 88 in in ADP gist-825 133 89 the the DET gist-825 133 90 making making NOUN gist-825 133 91 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 133 92 all all PRON gist-825 133 93 of of ADP gist-825 133 94 these these DET gist-825 133 95 aspects aspect NOUN gist-825 133 96 have have VERB gist-825 133 97 to to PART gist-825 133 98 be be AUX gist-825 133 99 attentively attentively ADV gist-825 133 100 taken take VERB gist-825 133 101 care care NOUN gist-825 133 102 of of ADP gist-825 133 103 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 104 as as SCONJ gist-825 133 105 “ " PUNCT gist-825 133 106 language language NOUN gist-825 133 107 testing testing NOUN gist-825 133 108 occurs occur VERB gist-825 133 109 in in ADP gist-825 133 110 an an DET gist-825 133 111 educational educational ADJ gist-825 133 112 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 113 social social ADJ gist-825 133 114 setting setting NOUN gist-825 133 115 , , PUNCT gist-825 133 116 and and CCONJ gist-825 133 117 the the DET gist-825 133 118 uses use NOUN gist-825 133 119 of of ADP gist-825 133 120 language language NOUN gist-825 133 121 tests test NOUN gist-825 133 122 are be AUX gist-825 133 123 determined determine VERB gist-825 133 124 largely largely ADV gist-825 133 125 by by ADP gist-825 133 126 political political ADJ gist-825 133 127 needs need NOUN gist-825 133 128 . . PUNCT gist-825 133 129 ” " PUNCT gist-825 134 1 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 134 2 bachman bachman NOUN gist-825 134 3     SPACE gist-825 134 4 1990 1990 NUM gist-825 134 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 134 6 p.291 p.291 NOUN gist-825 134 7 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 134 8 . . PUNCT gist-825 135 1 in in ADP gist-825 135 2 our our PRON gist-825 135 3 case case NOUN gist-825 135 4 at at ADP gist-825 135 5 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 135 6 del del PROPN gist-825 135 7     SPACE gist-825 135 8 valle valle NOUN gist-825 135 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 10 for for ADP gist-825 135 11 instance instance NOUN gist-825 135 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 13 we we PRON gist-825 135 14 had have VERB gist-825 135 15 to to PART gist-825 135 16 make make VERB gist-825 135 17 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 135 18 on on ADP gist-825 135 19 the the DET gist-825 135 20 number number NOUN gist-825 135 21 of of ADP gist-825 135 22 items item NOUN gist-825 135 23 that that PRON gist-825 135 24 would would AUX gist-825 135 25 eventually eventually ADV gist-825 135 26 compose compose VERB gist-825 135 27 the the DET gist-825 135 28 test test NOUN gist-825 135 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 30 about about ADP gist-825 135 31 the the DET gist-825 135 32 source source NOUN gist-825 135 33 and and CCONJ gist-825 135 34 length length NOUN gist-825 135 35 of of ADP gist-825 135 36 written write VERB gist-825 135 37 and and CCONJ gist-825 135 38 oral oral ADJ gist-825 135 39 texts text NOUN gist-825 135 40 that that PRON gist-825 135 41 would would AUX gist-825 135 42 be be AUX gist-825 135 43 used use VERB gist-825 135 44 for for ADP gist-825 135 45 the the DET gist-825 135 46 tasks task NOUN gist-825 135 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 48 and and CCONJ gist-825 135 49 about about ADP gist-825 135 50 the the DET gist-825 135 51 weighing weighing NOUN gist-825 135 52 assigned assign VERB gist-825 135 53 to to ADP gist-825 135 54 every every DET gist-825 135 55 section section NOUN gist-825 135 56 of of ADP gist-825 135 57 the the DET gist-825 135 58 test test NOUN gist-825 135 59 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 135 60 similarly similarly ADV gist-825 135 61 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 62 discussions discussion NOUN gist-825 135 63 among among ADP gist-825 135 64 the the DET gist-825 135 65 designing design VERB gist-825 135 66 team team NOUN gist-825 135 67 allowed allow VERB gist-825 135 68 for for ADP gist-825 135 69 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 135 70 on on ADP gist-825 135 71 the the DET gist-825 135 72 best good ADJ gist-825 135 73 platform platform NOUN gist-825 135 74 to to PART gist-825 135 75 host host VERB gist-825 135 76 the the DET gist-825 135 77 digital digital ADJ gist-825 135 78 version version NOUN gist-825 135 79 of of ADP gist-825 135 80 the the DET gist-825 135 81 test test NOUN gist-825 135 82 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 83 the the DET gist-825 135 84 braille braille NOUN gist-825 135 85 and and CCONJ gist-825 135 86 special special ADJ gist-825 135 87 versions version NOUN gist-825 135 88 for for ADP gist-825 135 89 disabled disabled ADJ gist-825 135 90 people people NOUN gist-825 135 91 , , PUNCT gist-825 135 92 and and CCONJ gist-825 135 93 the the DET gist-825 135 94 security security NOUN gist-825 135 95 protocols protocol NOUN gist-825 135 96 for for ADP gist-825 135 97 the the DET gist-825 135 98 exam exam NOUN gist-825 135 99 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 135 100 . . PUNCT gist-825 136 1 every every DET gist-825 136 2 decision decision NOUN gist-825 136 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 4 every every DET gist-825 136 5 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 136 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 7 every every DET gist-825 136 8 stage stage NOUN gist-825 136 9 of of ADP gist-825 136 10 the the DET gist-825 136 11 process process NOUN gist-825 136 12 brought bring VERB gist-825 136 13 a a DET gist-825 136 14 deeper deep ADJ gist-825 136 15 understanding understanding NOUN gist-825 136 16 of of ADP gist-825 136 17 language language NOUN gist-825 136 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 136 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 136 20 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 136 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 22 as as SCONJ gist-825 136 23 “ " PUNCT gist-825 136 24 the the DET gist-825 136 25 main main ADJ gist-825 136 26 purpose purpose NOUN gist-825 136 27 of of ADP gist-825 136 28 language language NOUN gist-825 136 29 testing testing NOUN gist-825 136 30 is be AUX gist-825 136 31 to to PART gist-825 136 32 provide provide VERB gist-825 136 33 opportunities opportunity NOUN gist-825 136 34 for for ADP gist-825 136 35 learning learn VERB gist-825 136 36 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 37 both both PRON gist-825 136 38 for for ADP gist-825 136 39 the the DET gist-825 136 40 students student NOUN gist-825 136 41 who who PRON gist-825 136 42 are be AUX gist-825 136 43 being be AUX gist-825 136 44 tested test VERB gist-825 136 45 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 46 and and CCONJ gist-825 136 47 for for ADP gist-825 136 48 the the DET gist-825 136 49 professionals professional NOUN gist-825 136 50 who who PRON gist-825 136 51 are be AUX gist-825 136 52 administering administer VERB gist-825 136 53 the the DET gist-825 136 54 tests test NOUN gist-825 136 55 ” " PUNCT gist-825 136 56 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 136 57 tomlinson tomlinson PROPN gist-825 136 58 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 59 2005 2005 NUM gist-825 136 60 , , PUNCT gist-825 136 61 p. p. NOUN gist-825 136 62     SPACE gist-825 136 63 39 39 NUM gist-825 136 64 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 136 65 . . PUNCT gist-825 137 1 we we PRON gist-825 137 2 agree agree VERB gist-825 137 3 profoundly profoundly ADV gist-825 137 4 with with ADP gist-825 137 5 tomlinson tomlinson PROPN gist-825 137 6 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 137 7 2005 2005 NUM gist-825 137 8 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 137 9 when when SCONJ gist-825 137 10 he he PRON gist-825 137 11 asserts assert VERB gist-825 137 12 that that SCONJ gist-825 137 13 “ " PUNCT gist-825 137 14 while while SCONJ gist-825 137 15 it it PRON gist-825 137 16 is be AUX gist-825 137 17 obviously obviously ADV gist-825 137 18 important important ADJ gist-825 137 19 that that SCONJ gist-825 137 20 tests test NOUN gist-825 137 21 should should AUX gist-825 137 22 be be AUX gist-825 137 23 fair fair ADJ gist-825 137 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 137 25 valid valid ADJ gist-825 137 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 137 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 137 28 reliable reliable ADJ gist-825 137 29 , , PUNCT gist-825 137 30 the the DET gist-825 137 31 most most ADV gist-825 137 32 important important ADJ gist-825 137 33 of of ADP gist-825 137 34 all all PRON gist-825 137 35 is be AUX gist-825 137 36 that that SCONJ gist-825 137 37 tests test NOUN gist-825 137 38 should should AUX gist-825 137 39 provide provide VERB gist-825 137 40 useful useful ADJ gist-825 137 41 opportunities opportunity NOUN gist-825 137 42 for for ADP gist-825 137 43 learning learn VERB gist-825 137 44 ” " PUNCT gist-825 137 45 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 137 46 p. p. NOUN gist-825 137 47     SPACE gist-825 137 48 40 40 NUM gist-825 137 49 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 137 50 . . PUNCT gist-825 138 1 all all ADV gist-825 138 2 in in ADV gist-825 138 3 all all PRON gist-825 138 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 138 5 through through ADP gist-825 138 6 this this DET gist-825 138 7 process process NOUN gist-825 138 8 we we PRON gist-825 138 9 could could AUX gist-825 138 10 attest attest VERB gist-825 138 11 that that SCONJ gist-825 138 12 the the DET gist-825 138 13 design design NOUN gist-825 138 14 of of ADP gist-825 138 15 any any DET gist-825 138 16 test test NOUN gist-825 138 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 138 18 whether whether SCONJ gist-825 138 19 for for ADP gist-825 138 20 placement placement NOUN gist-825 138 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 138 22 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 138 23 or or CCONJ gist-825 138 24 achievement achievement NOUN gist-825 138 25 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 138 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 138 27 bears bear VERB gist-825 138 28 “ " PUNCT gist-825 138 29 an an DET gist-825 138 30 intrinsic intrinsic ADJ gist-825 138 31 potential potential NOUN gist-825 138 32 as as ADP gist-825 138 33 [ [ X gist-825 138 34 a a X gist-825 138 35 ] ] X gist-825 138 36 research research NOUN gist-825 138 37 tool[s tool[s ADP gist-825 138 38 ] ] PUNCT gist-825 138 39 whose whose DET gist-825 138 40 outcomes outcome NOUN gist-825 138 41 will will AUX gist-825 138 42 help help VERB gist-825 138 43 enrich enrich VERB gist-825 138 44 our our PRON gist-825 138 45 understanding understanding NOUN gist-825 138 46 of of ADP gist-825 138 47 the the DET gist-825 138 48 nature nature NOUN gist-825 138 49 of of ADP gist-825 138 50 language language NOUN gist-825 138 51 proficiency proficiency NOUN gist-825 138 52 so so SCONJ gist-825 138 53 we we PRON gist-825 138 54 can can AUX gist-825 138 55 develop develop VERB gist-825 138 56 better well ADJ gist-825 138 57 tests test NOUN gist-825 138 58 in in ADP gist-825 138 59 the the DET gist-825 138 60 future future NOUN gist-825 138 61 ” " PUNCT gist-825 138 62 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 138 63 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 138 64 & & CCONJ gist-825 138 65 geranpayeh geranpayeh PROPN gist-825 138 66 , , PUNCT gist-825 138 67 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 138 68 , , PUNCT gist-825 138 69 p. p. NOUN gist-825 138 70     SPACE gist-825 138 71 94 94 NUM gist-825 138 72 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 138 73 . . PUNCT gist-825 139 1 design design NOUN gist-825 139 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 139 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 139 4 of of ADP gist-825 139 5 an an DET gist-825 139 6 english english ADJ gist-825 139 7 test test NOUN gist-825 139 8 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 139 9 204 204 NUM gist-825 139 10 no no NOUN gist-825 139 11 . . NOUN gist-825 139 12 21 21 NUM gist-825 139 13 limitations limitation NOUN gist-825 139 14 and and CCONJ gist-825 139 15 further further ADJ gist-825 139 16 constraints constraint NOUN gist-825 139 17 the the DET gist-825 139 18 reflections reflection NOUN gist-825 139 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 139 20 advice advice NOUN gist-825 139 21 given give VERB gist-825 139 22 here here ADV gist-825 139 23 are be AUX gist-825 139 24 far far ADV gist-825 139 25 from from ADP gist-825 139 26 being be AUX gist-825 139 27 the the DET gist-825 139 28 ultimate ultimate ADJ gist-825 139 29 complete complete ADJ gist-825 139 30 guide guide NOUN gist-825 139 31 for for ADP gist-825 139 32 the the DET gist-825 139 33 construction construction NOUN gist-825 139 34 of of ADP gist-825 139 35 a a DET gist-825 139 36 placement placement NOUN gist-825 139 37 test test NOUN gist-825 139 38 , , PUNCT gist-825 139 39 as as SCONJ gist-825 139 40 there there PRON gist-825 139 41 are be VERB gist-825 139 42 still still ADV gist-825 139 43 many many ADJ gist-825 139 44 more more ADJ gist-825 139 45 elements element NOUN gist-825 139 46 at at ADP gist-825 139 47 each each DET gist-825 139 48 stage stage NOUN gist-825 139 49 of of ADP gist-825 139 50 the the DET gist-825 139 51 process process NOUN gist-825 139 52 that that PRON gist-825 139 53 deserve deserve VERB gist-825 139 54 deep deep ADJ gist-825 139 55 discussion discussion NOUN gist-825 139 56 and and CCONJ gist-825 139 57 analysis analysis NOUN gist-825 139 58 , , PUNCT gist-825 139 59 such such ADJ gist-825 139 60 as as ADP gist-825 139 61 adaptation adaptation NOUN gist-825 139 62 of of ADP gist-825 139 63 oral oral ADJ gist-825 139 64 and and CCONJ gist-825 139 65 written write VERB gist-825 139 66 texts text NOUN gist-825 139 67 , , PUNCT gist-825 139 68 the the DET gist-825 139 69 care care NOUN gist-825 139 70 with with ADP gist-825 139 71 copyright copyright NOUN gist-825 139 72 norms norm NOUN gist-825 139 73 , , PUNCT gist-825 139 74 the the DET gist-825 139 75 study study NOUN gist-825 139 76 of of ADP gist-825 139 77 statistical statistical ADJ gist-825 139 78 variables variable NOUN gist-825 139 79 in in ADP gist-825 139 80 the the DET gist-825 139 81 piloting piloting NOUN gist-825 139 82 of of ADP gist-825 139 83 the the DET gist-825 139 84 test test NOUN gist-825 139 85 and and CCONJ gist-825 139 86 the the DET gist-825 139 87 creation creation NOUN gist-825 139 88 of of ADP gist-825 139 89 parallel parallel ADJ gist-825 139 90 versions version NOUN gist-825 139 91 , , PUNCT gist-825 139 92 or or CCONJ gist-825 139 93 mirrors mirror NOUN gist-825 139 94 , , PUNCT gist-825 139 95 just just ADV gist-825 139 96 to to PART gist-825 139 97 mention mention VERB gist-825 139 98 some some DET gist-825 139 99 relevant relevant ADJ gist-825 139 100 topics topic NOUN gist-825 139 101 . . PUNCT gist-825 140 1 however however ADV gist-825 140 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 140 3 it it PRON gist-825 140 4 is be AUX gist-825 140 5 expected expect VERB gist-825 140 6 that that SCONJ gist-825 140 7 this this DET gist-825 140 8 paper paper NOUN gist-825 140 9 has have AUX gist-825 140 10 been be AUX gist-825 140 11 able able ADJ gist-825 140 12 to to PART gist-825 140 13 highlight highlight VERB gist-825 140 14 the the DET gist-825 140 15 complexity complexity NOUN gist-825 140 16 that that PRON gist-825 140 17 underlies underlie VERB gist-825 140 18 the the DET gist-825 140 19 process process NOUN gist-825 140 20 of of ADP gist-825 140 21 conceiving conceive VERB gist-825 140 22 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 140 23 , , PUNCT gist-825 140 24 as as SCONJ gist-825 140 25 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 140 26 practices practice NOUN gist-825 140 27 and and CCONJ gist-825 140 28 the the DET gist-825 140 29 construction construction NOUN gist-825 140 30 of of ADP gist-825 140 31 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 140 32 devices device NOUN gist-825 140 33 are be AUX gist-825 140 34 bound bind VERB gist-825 140 35 to to PART gist-825 140 36 face face VERB gist-825 140 37 multiple multiple ADJ gist-825 140 38 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 140 39 , , PUNCT gist-825 140 40 some some PRON gist-825 140 41 of of ADP gist-825 140 42 which which PRON gist-825 140 43 have have AUX gist-825 140 44 been be AUX gist-825 140 45 discussed discuss VERB gist-825 140 46 here here ADV gist-825 140 47 . . PUNCT gist-825 141 1 more more ADJ gist-825 141 2 reflection reflection NOUN gist-825 141 3 is be AUX gist-825 141 4 needed need VERB gist-825 141 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 141 6 however however ADV gist-825 141 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 141 8 in in ADP gist-825 141 9 order order NOUN gist-825 141 10 to to PART gist-825 141 11 establish establish VERB gist-825 141 12 a a DET gist-825 141 13 frank frank ADJ gist-825 141 14 dialogue dialogue NOUN gist-825 141 15 between between ADP gist-825 141 16 academia academia NOUN gist-825 141 17 and and CCONJ gist-825 141 18 administration administration NOUN gist-825 141 19 around around ADP gist-825 141 20 issues issue NOUN gist-825 141 21 such such ADJ gist-825 141 22 as as ADP gist-825 141 23 financial financial ADJ gist-825 141 24 support support NOUN gist-825 141 25 , , PUNCT gist-825 141 26 time time NOUN gist-825 141 27 constraints constraint NOUN gist-825 141 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 141 29 and and CCONJ gist-825 141 30 the the DET gist-825 141 31 joint joint ADJ gist-825 141 32 construction construction NOUN gist-825 141 33 of of ADP gist-825 141 34 clear clear ADJ gist-825 141 35 language language NOUN gist-825 141 36 policies policy NOUN gist-825 141 37 . . PUNCT gist-825 142 1 finally finally ADV gist-825 142 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 142 3 it it PRON gist-825 142 4 is be AUX gist-825 142 5 worth worth ADJ gist-825 142 6 mentioning mention VERB gist-825 142 7 that that SCONJ gist-825 142 8 some some PRON gist-825 142 9 of of ADP gist-825 142 10 the the DET gist-825 142 11 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 142 12 faced face VERB gist-825 142 13 by by ADP gist-825 142 14 the the DET gist-825 142 15 team team NOUN gist-825 142 16 in in ADP gist-825 142 17 terms term NOUN gist-825 142 18 of of ADP gist-825 142 19 test test NOUN gist-825 142 20 design design NOUN gist-825 142 21 such such ADJ gist-825 142 22 as as ADP gist-825 142 23 difficulties difficulty NOUN gist-825 142 24 for for ADP gist-825 142 25 writing write VERB gist-825 142 26 item item NOUN gist-825 142 27 stems stem NOUN gist-825 142 28 , , PUNCT gist-825 142 29 designing design VERB gist-825 142 30 answer answer NOUN gist-825 142 31 distractors distractor NOUN gist-825 142 32 , , PUNCT gist-825 142 33 or or CCONJ gist-825 142 34 designing designing NOUN gist-825 142 35 tasks task NOUN gist-825 142 36 might might AUX gist-825 142 37 be be AUX gist-825 142 38 related relate VERB gist-825 142 39 to to ADP gist-825 142 40 their their PRON gist-825 142 41 experiences experience NOUN gist-825 142 42 with with ADP gist-825 142 43 material material NOUN gist-825 142 44 design design NOUN gist-825 142 45 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 142 46 thus thus ADV gist-825 142 47 , , PUNCT gist-825 142 48 further further ADJ gist-825 142 49 studies study NOUN gist-825 142 50 in in ADP gist-825 142 51 this this DET gist-825 142 52 particular particular ADJ gist-825 142 53 context context NOUN gist-825 142 54 could could AUX gist-825 142 55 focus focus VERB gist-825 142 56 on on ADP gist-825 142 57 the the DET gist-825 142 58 correlation correlation NOUN gist-825 142 59 between between ADP gist-825 142 60 the the DET gist-825 142 61 team team NOUN gist-825 142 62 ’s ’s PART gist-825 142 63 skills skill NOUN gist-825 142 64 and and CCONJ gist-825 142 65 formal formal ADJ gist-825 142 66 knowledge knowledge NOUN gist-825 142 67 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 142 68 or or CCONJ gist-825 142 69 lack lack NOUN gist-825 142 70 thereof thereof ADV gist-825 142 71 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 142 72 in in ADP gist-825 142 73 materials material NOUN gist-825 142 74 design design NOUN gist-825 142 75 and and CCONJ gist-825 142 76 test test NOUN gist-825 142 77 design design NOUN gist-825 142 78 . . PUNCT gist-825 143 1 conclusion conclusion NOUN gist-825 143 2 i i PRON gist-825 143 3 agree agree VERB gist-825 143 4 with with ADP gist-825 143 5 lópez lópez NOUN gist-825 143 6 and and CCONJ gist-825 143 7 bernal bernal PROPN gist-825 143 8 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 143 9 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 143 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 143 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 143 12 with with ADP gist-825 143 13 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 143 14 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 143 15 2018 2018 NUM gist-825 143 16 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 143 17 that that SCONJ gist-825 143 18 it it PRON gist-825 143 19 is be AUX gist-825 143 20 an an DET gist-825 143 21 imperative imperative ADJ gist-825 143 22 need need NOUN gist-825 143 23 to to PART gist-825 143 24 train train VERB gist-825 143 25 language language NOUN gist-825 143 26 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 143 27 in in ADP gist-825 143 28 the the DET gist-825 143 29 design design NOUN gist-825 143 30 , , PUNCT gist-825 143 31 analysis analysis NOUN gist-825 143 32 and and CCONJ gist-825 143 33 research research NOUN gist-825 143 34 on on ADP gist-825 143 35 language language NOUN gist-825 143 36 exams exam NOUN gist-825 143 37 . . PUNCT gist-825 144 1 beyond beyond ADP gist-825 144 2 merely merely ADV gist-825 144 3 being be AUX gist-825 144 4 aware aware ADJ gist-825 144 5 of of ADP gist-825 144 6 the the DET gist-825 144 7 different different ADJ gist-825 144 8 types type NOUN gist-825 144 9 of of ADP gist-825 144 10 tests test NOUN gist-825 144 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 144 12 their their PRON gist-825 144 13 uses use NOUN gist-825 144 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 144 15 language language NOUN gist-825 144 16 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 144 17 require require VERB gist-825 144 18 “ " PUNCT gist-825 144 19 knowledge knowledge NOUN gist-825 144 20 on on ADP gist-825 144 21 how how SCONJ gist-825 144 22 to to PART gist-825 144 23 write write VERB gist-825 144 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 144 25 administer administer NOUN gist-825 144 26 and and CCONJ gist-825 144 27 analyze analyze NOUN gist-825 144 28 tests test NOUN gist-825 144 29 ” " PUNCT gist-825 144 30 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 144 31 inbarlourie inbarlourie NOUN gist-825 144 32 , , PUNCT gist-825 144 33 2013 2013 NUM gist-825 144 34 , , PUNCT gist-825 144 35 p. p. NOUN gist-825 144 36     SPACE gist-825 144 37 32 32 NUM gist-825 144 38 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 144 39 . . PUNCT gist-825 145 1 so so ADV gist-825 145 2 far far ADV gist-825 145 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 145 4 it it PRON gist-825 145 5 seems seem VERB gist-825 145 6 that that SCONJ gist-825 145 7 many many ADJ gist-825 145 8 language language NOUN gist-825 145 9 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 145 10 are be AUX gist-825 145 11 mainly mainly ADV gist-825 145 12 users user NOUN gist-825 145 13 and and CCONJ gist-825 145 14 consumers consumer NOUN gist-825 145 15 of of ADP gist-825 145 16 tests test NOUN gist-825 145 17 but but CCONJ gist-825 145 18 not not PART gist-825 145 19 their their PRON gist-825 145 20 designers designer NOUN gist-825 145 21 or or CCONJ gist-825 145 22 producers producer NOUN gist-825 145 23 . . PUNCT gist-825 146 1 in in ADP gist-825 146 2 this this DET gist-825 146 3 regard regard NOUN gist-825 146 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 146 5 it it PRON gist-825 146 6 is be AUX gist-825 146 7 worth worth ADJ gist-825 146 8 remembering remember VERB gist-825 146 9 what what PRON gist-825 146 10 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 146 11 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 146 12 2018a 2018a NUM gist-825 146 13 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 146 14 asserts assert VERB gist-825 146 15 the the DET gist-825 146 16 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 146 17 who who PRON gist-825 146 18 have have AUX gist-825 146 19 received receive VERB gist-825 146 20 language language NOUN gist-825 146 21 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 146 22 training training NOUN gist-825 146 23 “ " PUNCT gist-825 146 24 use[d use[d ADP gist-825 146 25 ] ] PUNCT gist-825 146 26 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 146 27 to to PART gist-825 146 28 improve improve VERB gist-825 146 29 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 146 30 and and CCONJ gist-825 146 31 learning learning NOUN gist-825 146 32 , , PUNCT gist-825 146 33 whereas whereas SCONJ gist-825 146 34 those those PRON gist-825 146 35 with with ADP gist-825 146 36 no no DET gist-825 146 37 training training NOUN gist-825 146 38 used use VERB gist-825 146 39 it it PRON gist-825 146 40 as as ADP gist-825 146 41 a a DET gist-825 146 42 way way NOUN gist-825 146 43 to to PART gist-825 146 44 solely solely ADV gist-825 146 45 obtain obtain VERB gist-825 146 46 grades grade NOUN gist-825 146 47 ” " PUNCT gist-825 146 48 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 146 49 p. p. NOUN gist-825 146 50     SPACE gist-825 146 51 181 181 NUM gist-825 146 52 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 146 53 . . PUNCT gist-825 147 1 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 147 2 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 147 3 within within ADP gist-825 147 4 universities university NOUN gist-825 147 5 usually usually ADV gist-825 147 6 demand demand VERB gist-825 147 7 from from ADP gist-825 147 8 language language NOUN gist-825 147 9 departments department NOUN gist-825 147 10 to to PART gist-825 147 11 implement implement VERB gist-825 147 12 exams exam NOUN gist-825 147 13 and and CCONJ gist-825 147 14 report report NOUN gist-825 147 15 results result NOUN gist-825 147 16 , , PUNCT gist-825 147 17 for for SCONJ gist-825 147 18 them they PRON gist-825 147 19 to to PART gist-825 147 20 make make VERB gist-825 147 21 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 147 22 . . PUNCT gist-825 148 1 the the DET gist-825 148 2 process process NOUN gist-825 148 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 148 4 however however ADV gist-825 148 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 148 6 needs need VERB gist-825 148 7 fixing fix VERB gist-825 148 8 : : PUNCT gist-825 148 9 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 148 10 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 148 11 should should AUX gist-825 148 12 work work VERB gist-825 148 13 hand hand NOUN gist-825 148 14 - - PUNCT gist-825 148 15 in in ADP gist-825 148 16 - - PUNCT gist-825 148 17 hand hand NOUN gist-825 148 18 with with ADP gist-825 148 19 language language NOUN gist-825 148 20 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 148 21 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 148 22 especially especially ADV gist-825 148 23 the the DET gist-825 148 24 ones one NOUN gist-825 148 25 involved involve VERB gist-825 148 26 in in ADP gist-825 148 27 test test NOUN gist-825 148 28 design design NOUN gist-825 148 29 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 148 30 so so SCONJ gist-825 148 31 that that SCONJ gist-825 148 32 clear clear ADJ gist-825 148 33 and and CCONJ gist-825 148 34 fair fair ADJ gist-825 148 35 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 148 36 policies policy NOUN gist-825 148 37 are be AUX gist-825 148 38 established establish VERB gist-825 148 39 in in ADP gist-825 148 40 the the DET gist-825 148 41 institution institution NOUN gist-825 148 42 . . PUNCT gist-825 149 1 administrative administrative ADJ gist-825 149 2 stakeholders stakeholder NOUN gist-825 149 3 need need VERB gist-825 149 4 to to PART gist-825 149 5 understand understand VERB gist-825 149 6 how how SCONJ gist-825 149 7 demanding demand VERB gist-825 149 8 the the DET gist-825 149 9 process process NOUN gist-825 149 10 of of ADP gist-825 149 11 designing design VERB gist-825 149 12 a a DET gist-825 149 13 high high ADJ gist-825 149 14 - - PUNCT gist-825 149 15 quality quality NOUN gist-825 149 16 test test NOUN gist-825 149 17 is be AUX gist-825 149 18 , , PUNCT gist-825 149 19 so so SCONJ gist-825 149 20 that that SCONJ gist-825 149 21 more more ADJ gist-825 149 22 support support NOUN gist-825 149 23 for for ADP gist-825 149 24 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 149 25 and and CCONJ gist-825 149 26 researchers researcher NOUN gist-825 149 27 may may AUX gist-825 149 28 be be AUX gist-825 149 29 granted grant VERB gist-825 149 30 ; ; PUNCT gist-825 149 31 similarly similarly ADV gist-825 149 32 , , PUNCT gist-825 149 33 they they PRON gist-825 149 34 need need VERB gist-825 149 35 to to PART gist-825 149 36 know know VERB gist-825 149 37 how how SCONJ gist-825 149 38 crucial crucial ADJ gist-825 149 39 their their PRON gist-825 149 40 participation participation NOUN gist-825 149 41 is be AUX gist-825 149 42 , , PUNCT gist-825 149 43 if if SCONJ gist-825 149 44 tests test NOUN gist-825 149 45 are be AUX gist-825 149 46 to to PART gist-825 149 47 become become VERB gist-825 149 48 fair fair ADJ gist-825 149 49 instruments instrument NOUN gist-825 149 50 that that PRON gist-825 149 51 design design NOUN gist-825 149 52 and and CCONJ gist-825 149 53 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 149 54 of of ADP gist-825 149 55 an an DET gist-825 149 56 english english ADJ gist-825 149 57 test test NOUN gist-825 149 58 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 149 59 205 205 NUM gist-825 149 60 no no NOUN gist-825 149 61 . . PROPN gist-825 149 62 21 21 NUM gist-825 149 63 enlighten enlighten VERB gist-825 149 64 long long ADJ gist-825 149 65 - - PUNCT gist-825 149 66 term term NOUN gist-825 149 67 decisions decision NOUN gist-825 149 68 , , PUNCT gist-825 149 69 they they PRON gist-825 149 70 will will AUX gist-825 149 71 absolutely absolutely ADV gist-825 149 72 have have VERB gist-825 149 73 an an DET gist-825 149 74 impact impact NOUN gist-825 149 75 in in ADP gist-825 149 76 the the DET gist-825 149 77 test test NOUN gist-825 149 78 taker taker NOUN gist-825 149 79 ’s ’s PART gist-825 149 80 life life NOUN gist-825 149 81 , , PUNCT gist-825 149 82 as as ADV gist-825 149 83 well well ADV gist-825 149 84 as as ADP gist-825 149 85 in in ADP gist-825 149 86 the the DET gist-825 149 87 institution institution NOUN gist-825 149 88 itself itself PRON gist-825 149 89 . . PUNCT gist-825 150 1 a a DET gist-825 150 2 strong strong ADJ gist-825 150 3 focus focus NOUN gist-825 150 4 on on ADP gist-825 150 5 lal lal PROPN gist-825 150 6 needs need VERB gist-825 150 7 to to PART gist-825 150 8 be be AUX gist-825 150 9 fostered foster VERB gist-825 150 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 150 11 starting start VERB gist-825 150 12 with with ADP gist-825 150 13 pre pre ADJ gist-825 150 14 - - ADJ gist-825 150 15 service service ADJ gist-825 150 16 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 150 17 in in ADP gist-825 150 18 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ gist-825 150 19 language language NOUN gist-825 150 20 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 150 21 programs program NOUN gist-825 150 22 so so SCONJ gist-825 150 23 that that SCONJ gist-825 150 24 they they PRON gist-825 150 25 understand understand VERB gist-825 150 26 , , PUNCT gist-825 150 27 from from ADP gist-825 150 28 the the DET gist-825 150 29 very very ADJ gist-825 150 30 beginning beginning NOUN gist-825 150 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 150 32 the the DET gist-825 150 33 far far ADV gist-825 150 34 - - PUNCT gist-825 150 35 reaching reach VERB gist-825 150 36 responsibility responsibility NOUN gist-825 150 37 that that PRON gist-825 150 38 comes come VERB gist-825 150 39 with with ADP gist-825 150 40 evaluating evaluate VERB gist-825 150 41 . . PUNCT gist-825 151 1 on on ADP gist-825 151 2 these these DET gist-825 151 3 grounds ground NOUN gist-825 151 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 151 5 it it PRON gist-825 151 6 is be AUX gist-825 151 7 recommended recommend VERB gist-825 151 8 that that PRON gist-825 151 9 undergraduate undergraduate NOUN gist-825 151 10 and and CCONJ gist-825 151 11 graduate graduate NOUN gist-825 151 12 programs program NOUN gist-825 151 13 offer offer VERB gist-825 151 14 more more ADJ gist-825 151 15 subjects subject NOUN gist-825 151 16 with with ADP gist-825 151 17 a a DET gist-825 151 18 practical practical ADJ gist-825 151 19 component component NOUN gist-825 151 20 on on ADP gist-825 151 21 test test NOUN gist-825 151 22 design design NOUN gist-825 151 23 , , PUNCT gist-825 151 24 so so SCONJ gist-825 151 25 that that SCONJ gist-825 151 26 both both DET gist-825 151 27 pre pre ADJ gist-825 151 28 - - NOUN gist-825 151 29 service service ADJ gist-825 151 30 and and CCONJ gist-825 151 31 inservice inservice NOUN gist-825 151 32 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 151 33 may may AUX gist-825 151 34 sharpen sharpen VERB gist-825 151 35 their their PRON gist-825 151 36 skills skill NOUN gist-825 151 37 in in ADP gist-825 151 38 defining define VERB gist-825 151 39 constructs construct NOUN gist-825 151 40 , , PUNCT gist-825 151 41 designing designing NOUN gist-825 151 42 items item NOUN gist-825 151 43 , , PUNCT gist-825 151 44 and and CCONJ gist-825 151 45 piloting pilot VERB gist-825 151 46 tests test NOUN gist-825 151 47 on on ADP gist-825 151 48 grounds ground NOUN gist-825 151 49 on on ADP gist-825 151 50 fairness fairness NOUN gist-825 151 51 and and CCONJ gist-825 151 52 social social ADJ gist-825 151 53 justice justice NOUN gist-825 151 54 . . PUNCT gist-825 152 1 finally finally ADV gist-825 152 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 152 3 the the DET gist-825 152 4 long long ADJ gist-825 152 5 - - PUNCT gist-825 152 6 term term NOUN gist-825 152 7 success success NOUN gist-825 152 8 of of ADP gist-825 152 9 a a DET gist-825 152 10 test test NOUN gist-825 152 11 design design NOUN gist-825 152 12 resides reside VERB gist-825 152 13 in in ADP gist-825 152 14 team team NOUN gist-825 152 15 effort effort NOUN gist-825 152 16 : : PUNCT gist-825 152 17 a a DET gist-825 152 18 team team NOUN gist-825 152 19 composed compose VERB gist-825 152 20 by by ADP gist-825 152 21 the the DET gist-825 152 22 test test NOUN gist-825 152 23 designers designer NOUN gist-825 152 24 , , PUNCT gist-825 152 25 the the DET gist-825 152 26 language language NOUN gist-825 152 27 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 152 28 and and CCONJ gist-825 152 29 the the DET gist-825 152 30 representatives representative NOUN gist-825 152 31 from from ADP gist-825 152 32 the the DET gist-825 152 33 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 152 34 administration administration NOUN gist-825 152 35 . . PUNCT gist-825 153 1 in in ADP gist-825 153 2 this this DET gist-825 153 3 sense sense NOUN gist-825 153 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 153 5 it it PRON gist-825 153 6 is be AUX gist-825 153 7 paramount paramount ADJ gist-825 153 8 to to PART gist-825 153 9 devote devote VERB gist-825 153 10 time time NOUN gist-825 153 11 for for ADP gist-825 153 12 group group NOUN gist-825 153 13 training training NOUN gist-825 153 14 if if SCONJ gist-825 153 15 the the DET gist-825 153 16 endeavor endeavor NOUN gist-825 153 17 of of ADP gist-825 153 18 test test NOUN gist-825 153 19 design design NOUN gist-825 153 20 is be AUX gist-825 153 21 to to PART gist-825 153 22 succeed succeed VERB gist-825 153 23 , , PUNCT gist-825 153 24 but but CCONJ gist-825 153 25 it it PRON gist-825 153 26 is be AUX gist-825 153 27 also also ADV gist-825 153 28 equally equally ADV gist-825 153 29 important important ADJ gist-825 153 30 to to PART gist-825 153 31 foster foster VERB gist-825 153 32 constant constant ADJ gist-825 153 33 dialogue dialogue NOUN gist-825 153 34 between between ADP gist-825 153 35 academia academia NOUN gist-825 153 36 and and CCONJ gist-825 153 37 administration administration NOUN gist-825 153 38 , , PUNCT gist-825 153 39 so so SCONJ gist-825 153 40 that that PRON gist-825 153 41 time time NOUN gist-825 153 42 and and CCONJ gist-825 153 43 financial financial ADJ gist-825 153 44 resources resource NOUN gist-825 153 45 may may AUX gist-825 153 46 be be AUX gist-825 153 47 granted grant VERB gist-825 153 48 for for ADP gist-825 153 49 research research NOUN gist-825 153 50 , , PUNCT gist-825 153 51 as as ADV gist-825 153 52 well well ADV gist-825 153 53 as as ADP gist-825 153 54 good good ADJ gist-825 153 55 conditions condition NOUN gist-825 153 56 for for ADP gist-825 153 57 the the DET gist-825 153 58 planning planning NOUN gist-825 153 59 , , PUNCT gist-825 153 60 designing designing NOUN gist-825 153 61 and and CCONJ gist-825 153 62 piloting piloting NOUN gist-825 153 63 of of ADP gist-825 153 64 tests test NOUN gist-825 153 65 . . PUNCT gist-825 154 1 similarly similarly ADV gist-825 154 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 154 3 in in ADP gist-825 154 4 the the DET gist-825 154 5 long long ADJ gist-825 154 6 term term NOUN gist-825 154 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 154 8 institutions institution NOUN gist-825 154 9 must must AUX gist-825 154 10 think think VERB gist-825 154 11 up up ADP gist-825 154 12 language language NOUN gist-825 154 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN gist-825 154 14 processes process NOUN gist-825 154 15 in in ADP gist-825 154 16 relation relation NOUN gist-825 154 17 to to ADP gist-825 154 18 a a DET gist-825 154 19 linguistic linguistic ADJ gist-825 154 20 and and CCONJ gist-825 154 21 evaluative evaluative ADJ gist-825 154 22 policy policy NOUN gist-825 154 23 , , PUNCT gist-825 154 24 one one NUM gist-825 154 25 that that PRON gist-825 154 26 should should AUX gist-825 154 27 be be AUX gist-825 154 28 consistent consistent ADJ gist-825 154 29 with with ADP gist-825 154 30 the the DET gist-825 154 31 academic academic ADJ gist-825 154 32 objectives objective NOUN gist-825 154 33 of of ADP gist-825 154 34 the the DET gist-825 154 35 program program NOUN gist-825 154 36 , , PUNCT gist-825 154 37 in in ADP gist-825 154 38 accordance accordance NOUN gist-825 154 39 with with ADP gist-825 154 40 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 154 41 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 154 42 , , PUNCT gist-825 154 43 and and CCONJ gist-825 154 44 fair fair ADJ gist-825 154 45 to to ADP gist-825 154 46 the the DET gist-825 154 47 population population NOUN gist-825 154 48 evaluated evaluate VERB gist-825 154 49 . . PUNCT gist-825 155 1 this this DET gist-825 155 2 article article NOUN gist-825 155 3 derives derive VERB gist-825 155 4 from from ADP gist-825 155 5 the the DET gist-825 155 6 research research NOUN gist-825 155 7 study study NOUN gist-825 155 8 “ " PUNCT gist-825 155 9 pilotaje pilotaje NOUN gist-825 155 10 de de X gist-825 155 11 una una PROPN gist-825 155 12 prueba prueba PROPN gist-825 155 13 de de PROPN gist-825 155 14 clasificación clasificación PROPN gist-825 155 15 de de PROPN gist-825 155 16 inglés inglés PROPN gist-825 155 17 para para PROPN gist-825 155 18 estudiantes estudiantes PROPN gist-825 155 19 de de PROPN gist-825 155 20 primer primer NOUN gist-825 155 21 semestre semestre PROPN gist-825 155 22 en en X gist-825 155 23 la la PROPN gist-825 155 24 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 155 25 del del PROPN gist-825 155 26 valle valle PROPN gist-825 155 27 : : PUNCT gist-825 155 28 análisis análisis PROPN gist-825 155 29 de de PROPN gist-825 155 30 ítems ítem NOUN gist-825 155 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 155 32 ” " PUNCT gist-825 155 33 carried carry VERB gist-825 155 34 out out ADP gist-825 155 35 at at ADP gist-825 155 36 escuela escuela PROPN gist-825 155 37 de de PROPN gist-825 155 38     SPACE gist-825 155 39 ciencias ciencias PROPN gist-825 155 40 del del PROPN gist-825 155 41     SPACE gist-825 155 42 lenguaje lenguaje NOUN gist-825 155 43 , , PUNCT gist-825 155 44 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 155 45 del del PROPN gist-825 155 46     SPACE gist-825 155 47 valle valle NOUN gist-825 155 48 , , PUNCT gist-825 155 49 and and CCONJ gist-825 155 50 sponsored sponsor VERB gist-825 155 51 by by ADP gist-825 155 52 the the DET gist-825 155 53 research research NOUN gist-825 155 54 vice vice NOUN gist-825 155 55 - - NOUN gist-825 155 56 rectory rectory NOUN gist-825 155 57 from from ADP gist-825 155 58 the the DET gist-825 155 59 humanities humanity NOUN gist-825 155 60 faculty faculty NOUN gist-825 155 61 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 155 62 registration registration NOUN gist-825 155 63 code code NOUN gist-825 155 64 ci-4383 ci-4383 NOUN gist-825 155 65 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 155 66 . . PUNCT gist-825 156 1 design design NOUN gist-825 156 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 156 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 156 4 of of ADP gist-825 156 5 an an DET gist-825 156 6 english english ADJ gist-825 156 7 test test NOUN gist-825 156 8 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 156 9 206 206 NUM gist-825 156 10 no no NOUN gist-825 156 11 . . NOUN gist-825 156 12 21 21 NUM gist-825 156 13 references reference NOUN gist-825 156 14 alte alte PROPN gist-825 156 15 , , PUNCT gist-825 156 16 association association NOUN gist-825 156 17 of of ADP gist-825 156 18 language language NOUN gist-825 156 19 testers tester NOUN gist-825 156 20 in in ADP gist-825 156 21 europe europe PROPN gist-825 156 22 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 156 23 1998 1998 NUM gist-825 156 24 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 156 25 multilingual multilingual ADJ gist-825 156 26 glossary glossary NOUN gist-825 156 27 of of ADP gist-825 156 28 language language NOUN gist-825 156 29 testing testing NOUN gist-825 156 30 terms term NOUN gist-825 156 31 . . PUNCT gist-825 157 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN gist-825 157 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 157 3 united united PROPN gist-825 157 4 kingdom kingdom PROPN gist-825 157 5 . . PUNCT gist-825 158 1 available available ADJ gist-825 158 2 at at ADP gist-825 158 3 : : PUNCT gist-825 158 4 https://www https://www PROPN gist-825 158 5 . . PROPN gist-825 158 6 alte.org/materials alte.org/material NOUN gist-825 158 7 alte alte PROPN gist-825 158 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 158 9 association association NOUN gist-825 158 10 of of ADP gist-825 158 11 language language NOUN gist-825 158 12 testers tester NOUN gist-825 158 13 in in ADP gist-825 158 14 europe europe PROPN gist-825 158 15 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 158 16 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 158 17 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 158 18 manual manual NOUN gist-825 158 19 for for ADP gist-825 158 20 language language NOUN gist-825 158 21 test test NOUN gist-825 158 22 development development NOUN gist-825 158 23 and and CCONJ gist-825 158 24 examining examining NOUN gist-825 158 25 . . PUNCT gist-825 159 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN gist-825 159 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 159 3 united united PROPN gist-825 159 4 kingdom kingdom PROPN gist-825 159 5 . . PUNCT gist-825 160 1 available available ADJ gist-825 160 2 at at ADP gist-825 160 3 : : PUNCT gist-825 160 4 https://www.alte.org/materials https://www.alte.org/material NOUN gist-825 160 5 armbruster armbruster ADJ gist-825 160 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 160 7 b. b. PROPN gist-825 160 8     SPACE gist-825 160 9 b. b. PROPN gist-825 160 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 160 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 160 12 osborn osborn PROPN gist-825 160 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 160 14 j. j. PROPN gist-825 160 15 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 160 16 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 160 17 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 160 18 . . PUNCT gist-825 161 1 put put VERB gist-825 161 2 reading read VERB gist-825 161 3 first first ADV gist-825 161 4 : : PUNCT gist-825 161 5 the the DET gist-825 161 6 research research NOUN gist-825 161 7 building building NOUN gist-825 161 8 blocks block NOUN gist-825 161 9 for for ADP gist-825 161 10 teaching teach VERB gist-825 161 11 children child NOUN gist-825 161 12 to to PART gist-825 161 13 read read VERB gist-825 161 14 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 161 15 k–3 k–3 PROPN gist-825 161 16 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 161 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 162 1 ann ann PROPN gist-825 162 2 arbor arbor PROPN gist-825 162 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 162 4 mi mi NOUN gist-825 162 5 : : PUNCT gist-825 162 6 center center NOUN gist-825 162 7 for for ADP gist-825 162 8 the the DET gist-825 162 9 improvement improvement NOUN gist-825 162 10 of of ADP gist-825 162 11 early early ADJ gist-825 162 12 reading reading NOUN gist-825 162 13 achievement achievement NOUN gist-825 162 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 162 15 university university NOUN gist-825 162 16 of of ADP gist-825 162 17 michigan michigan PROPN gist-825 162 18 . . PUNCT gist-825 163 1 distributed distribute VERB gist-825 163 2 by by ADP gist-825 163 3 national national PROPN gist-825 163 4 institute institute PROPN gist-825 163 5 for for ADP gist-825 163 6 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 163 7 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 163 8 nil nil NOUN gist-825 163 9 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 163 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 163 11 national national PROPN gist-825 163 12 institute institute PROPN gist-825 163 13 for for ADP gist-825 163 14 child child NOUN gist-825 163 15 health health PROPN gist-825 163 16 and and CCONJ gist-825 163 17 human human ADJ gist-825 163 18 development development NOUN gist-825 163 19 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 163 20 nichd nichd PROPN gist-825 163 21 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 163 22 , , PUNCT gist-825 163 23 and and CCONJ gist-825 163 24 the the DET gist-825 163 25 u.s u.s PROPN gist-825 163 26 . . PROPN gist-825 163 27 department department PROPN gist-825 163 28 of of ADP gist-825 163 29 education education NOUN gist-825 163 30 . . PUNCT gist-825 164 1 bachman bachman PROPN gist-825 164 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 164 3 l. l. PROPN gist-825 164 4 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 164 5 2007 2007 NUM gist-825 164 6 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 164 7 what what PRON gist-825 164 8 is be AUX gist-825 164 9 the the DET gist-825 164 10 construct construct NOUN gist-825 164 11 ? ? PUNCT gist-825 165 1 the the DET gist-825 165 2 dialectic dialectic NOUN gist-825 165 3 of of ADP gist-825 165 4 abilities ability NOUN gist-825 165 5 and and CCONJ gist-825 165 6 contexts context NOUN gist-825 165 7 in in ADP gist-825 165 8 defining define VERB gist-825 165 9 constructs construct NOUN gist-825 165 10 in in ADP gist-825 165 11 language language NOUN gist-825 165 12 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 165 13 . . PUNCT gist-825 166 1 in in ADP gist-825 166 2 janna janna PROPN gist-825 166 3 d. d. PROPN gist-825 166 4     SPACE gist-825 166 5 fox fox PROPN gist-825 166 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 166 7 mari mari PROPN gist-825 166 8 wesche wesche PROPN gist-825 166 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 166 10 doreen doreen PROPN gist-825 166 11 bayliss bayliss PROPN gist-825 166 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 166 13 liying liye VERB gist-825 166 14 cheng cheng PROPN gist-825 166 15 , , PUNCT gist-825 166 16 carolyn carolyn PROPN gist-825 166 17 e. e. PROPN gist-825 166 18     SPACE gist-825 166 19 turner turner PROPN gist-825 166 20 & & CCONJ gist-825 166 21 christine christine PROPN gist-825 166 22 doe doe PROPN gist-825 166 23 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 166 24 eds ed NOUN gist-825 166 25 . . PUNCT gist-825 166 26 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 166 27 , , PUNCT gist-825 166 28 language language NOUN gist-825 166 29 testing testing NOUN gist-825 166 30 reconsidered reconsider VERB gist-825 166 31 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 166 32 pp pp ADJ gist-825 166 33 . . PUNCT gist-825 166 34 41–71 41–71 NOUN gist-825 166 35 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 166 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 167 1 ottawa ottawa PROPN gist-825 167 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 167 3 university university NOUN gist-825 167 4 of of ADP gist-825 167 5 ottawa ottawa PROPN gist-825 167 6 press press PROPN gist-825 167 7 / / SYM gist-825 167 8 les les X gist-825 167 9 presses press NOUN gist-825 167 10 de de ADP gist-825 167 11 l’université l’université NOUN gist-825 167 12 d’ottawa d’ottawa PROPN gist-825 167 13 . . PUNCT gist-825 167 14 bachman bachman PROPN gist-825 167 15 , , PUNCT gist-825 167 16 l. l. PROPN gist-825 167 17 and and CCONJ gist-825 167 18 palmer palmer PROPN gist-825 167 19 , , PUNCT gist-825 167 20 a. a. NOUN gist-825 167 21 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 167 22 1996 1996 NUM gist-825 167 23 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 167 24 language language NOUN gist-825 167 25 testing testing NOUN gist-825 167 26 in in ADP gist-825 167 27 practice practice NOUN gist-825 167 28 . . PUNCT gist-825 168 1 oxford oxford NOUN gist-825 168 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 168 3 oxford oxford PROPN gist-825 168 4 university university PROPN gist-825 168 5 press press PROPN gist-825 168 6 carr carr PROPN gist-825 168 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 168 8 n. n. PROPN gist-825 168 9 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 168 10 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 168 11 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 168 12 designing design VERB gist-825 168 13 and and CCONJ gist-825 168 14 analyzing analyze VERB gist-825 168 15 language language NOUN gist-825 168 16 tests test NOUN gist-825 168 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 169 1 oxford oxford NOUN gist-825 169 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 169 3 oxford oxford PROPN gist-825 169 4 university university PROPN gist-825 169 5 press press PROPN gist-825 169 6 council council PROPN gist-825 169 7 of of ADP gist-825 169 8 europe europe PROPN gist-825 169 9 . . PUNCT gist-825 170 1 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 170 2 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 170 3 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 170 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 171 1 common common ADJ gist-825 171 2 european european ADJ gist-825 171 3 framework framework NOUN gist-825 171 4 of of ADP gist-825 171 5 reference reference NOUN gist-825 171 6 for for ADP gist-825 171 7 languages language NOUN gist-825 171 8 : : PUNCT gist-825 171 9 learning learn VERB gist-825 171 10 teaching teaching NOUN gist-825 171 11 , , PUNCT gist-825 171 12 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 171 13 . . PUNCT gist-825 172 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN gist-825 172 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 172 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN gist-825 172 4 university university PROPN gist-825 172 5 press press NOUN gist-825 172 6 . . PUNCT gist-825 173 1 cooper cooper PROPN gist-825 173 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 173 3 j. j. PROPN gist-825 173 4     SPACE gist-825 173 5 d. d. PROPN gist-825 173 6 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 173 7 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 173 8 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 173 9 . . PUNCT gist-825 174 1 professional professional ADJ gist-825 174 2 development development PROPN gist-825 174 3 : : PUNCT gist-825 174 4 an an DET gist-825 174 5 effective effective ADJ gist-825 174 6 research research NOUN gist-825 174 7 - - PUNCT gist-825 174 8 based base VERB gist-825 174 9 model model NOUN gist-825 174 10 . . PUNCT gist-825 175 1 houghton houghton PROPN gist-825 175 2 mifflin mifflin PROPN gist-825 175 3 harcourt harcourt PROPN gist-825 175 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 176 1 retrieved retrieve VERB gist-825 176 2 from from ADP gist-825 176 3 http:// http:// PROPN gist-825 176 4 dataworks-ed.com/ dataworks-ed.com/ PROPN gist-825 176 5 wp wp PROPN gist-825 176 6 - - PUNCT gist-825 176 7 content/ content/ NUM gist-825 176 8 uploads/ uploads/ NUM gist-825 176 9 2016/ 2016/ NUM gist-825 176 10 05/ 05/ PROPN gist-825 176 11 joyceshowers.pdf joyceshowers.pdf PROPN gist-825 176 12 douglas douglas PROPN gist-825 176 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 176 14 d. d. PROPN gist-825 176 15 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 176 16 2010 2010 NUM gist-825 176 17 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 176 18 . . PUNCT gist-825 177 1 understanding understand VERB gist-825 177 2 language language NOUN gist-825 177 3 testing testing NOUN gist-825 177 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 178 1 london london PROPN gist-825 178 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 178 3 hodder hodder PROPN gist-825 178 4 - - PUNCT gist-825 178 5 arnold arnold PROPN gist-825 178 6 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 178 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 178 8 f. f. PROPN gist-825 178 9 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 178 10 2018a 2018a NUM gist-825 178 11 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 178 12 language language NOUN gist-825 178 13 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 178 14 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 178 15 : : PUNCT gist-825 178 16 implications implication NOUN gist-825 178 17 for for ADP gist-825 178 18 language language NOUN gist-825 178 19 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 178 20 . . PUNCT gist-825 179 1 profile profile NOUN gist-825 179 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 179 3 issues issue NOUN gist-825 179 4 in in ADP gist-825 179 5 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 179 6 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 179 7 professional professional ADJ gist-825 179 8 development development NOUN gist-825 179 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 179 10 20 20 NUM gist-825 179 11 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 179 12 1 1 NUM gist-825 179 13 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 179 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 179 15 179–195 179–195 NUM gist-825 179 16 . . X gist-825 179 17 available available ADJ gist-825 179 18 at at ADP gist-825 179 19 http://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v20n1.62089 http://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v20n1.62089 PUNCT gist-825 179 20 giraldo giraldo PROPN gist-825 179 21 , , PUNCT gist-825 179 22 f. f. PROPN gist-825 179 23 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 179 24 2018b 2018b NUM gist-825 179 25 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 179 26 . . PUNCT gist-825 180 1 a a DET gist-825 180 2 diagnostic diagnostic ADJ gist-825 180 3 study study NOUN gist-825 180 4 on on ADP gist-825 180 5 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 180 6 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 180 7 beliefs belief NOUN gist-825 180 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 180 9 practices practice NOUN gist-825 180 10 in in ADP gist-825 180 11 foreign foreign ADJ gist-825 180 12 language language NOUN gist-825 180 13 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 180 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 181 1 íkala íkala PROPN gist-825 181 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 181 3 revista revista X gist-825 181 4 de de X gist-825 181 5 lenguaje lenguaje PROPN gist-825 181 6 y y PROPN gist-825 181 7 cultura cultura PROPN gist-825 181 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 181 9 23(1 23(1 NUM gist-825 181 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 181 11 , , PUNCT gist-825 181 12 25–44 25–44 NUM gist-825 181 13 . . PUNCT gist-825 181 14 available available ADJ gist-825 181 15 at at ADP gist-825 181 16 : : PUNCT gist-825 181 17 http://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v23n01a04 http://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v23n01a04 NUM gist-825 181 18 design design NOUN gist-825 181 19 and and CCONJ gist-825 181 20 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 181 21 of of ADP gist-825 181 22 an an DET gist-825 181 23 english english ADJ gist-825 181 24 test test NOUN gist-825 181 25 ramírez ramírez NOUN gist-825 181 26 207 207 NUM gist-825 181 27 no no NOUN gist-825 181 28 . . PROPN gist-825 181 29 21 21 NUM gist-825 181 30 giraldo giraldo NOUN gist-825 181 31 , , PUNCT gist-825 181 32 f. f. PROPN gist-825 181 33 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 181 34 2019 2019 NUM gist-825 181 35 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 181 36 . . PUNCT gist-825 182 1 designing design VERB gist-825 182 2 language language NOUN gist-825 182 3 assessments assessment NOUN gist-825 182 4 in in ADP gist-825 182 5 context context NOUN gist-825 182 6 : : PUNCT gist-825 182 7 theoretical theoretical ADJ gist-825 182 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 182 9 technical technical ADJ gist-825 182 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 182 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 182 12 institutional institutional ADJ gist-825 182 13 considerations consideration NOUN gist-825 182 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 183 1 how how SCONJ gist-825 183 2 journal journal NOUN gist-825 183 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 183 4 26(2 26(2 NUM gist-825 183 5 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 183 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 183 7 123–143 123–143 NUM gist-825 183 8 . . PUNCT gist-825 184 1 https://doi https://doi X gist-825 184 2 . . PUNCT gist-825 185 1 org/10.19183 org/10.19183 PROPN gist-825 185 2 / / SYM gist-825 185 3 how.26.2.512 how.26.2.512 PROPN gist-825 185 4 inbar inbar NOUN gist-825 185 5 - - PUNCT gist-825 185 6 lourie lourie NOUN gist-825 185 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 185 8 o. o. PROPN gist-825 185 9 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 185 10 2013 2013 NUM gist-825 185 11 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 185 12 . . PUNCT gist-825 186 1 guest guest PROPN gist-825 186 2 editorial editorial NOUN gist-825 186 3 to to ADP gist-825 186 4 the the DET gist-825 186 5 special special ADJ gist-825 186 6 issue issue NOUN gist-825 186 7 on on ADP gist-825 186 8 language language NOUN gist-825 186 9 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 186 10 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 186 11 . . PUNCT gist-825 187 1 language language NOUN gist-825 187 2 testing testing NOUN gist-825 187 3 , , PUNCT gist-825 187 4 30(3 30(3 NUM gist-825 187 5 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 187 6 301–307 301–307 NUM gist-825 187 7 . . PUNCT gist-825 187 8 available available ADJ gist-825 187 9 at at ADP gist-825 187 10 : : PUNCT gist-825 187 11 https://doi https://doi PROPN gist-825 187 12 . . PUNCT gist-825 187 13 org/10.1177/0265532213480126 org/10.1177/0265532213480126 PROPN gist-825 187 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 188 1 joyce joyce PROPN gist-825 188 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 188 3 b. b. PROPN gist-825 188 4 , , PUNCT gist-825 188 5 and and CCONJ gist-825 188 6 showers shower NOUN gist-825 188 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 188 8 b. b. PROPN gist-825 188 9 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 188 10 2002 2002 NUM gist-825 188 11 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 188 12 . . PUNCT gist-825 189 1 student student NOUN gist-825 189 2 achievement achievement NOUN gist-825 189 3 through through ADP gist-825 189 4 staff staff NOUN gist-825 189 5 development development NOUN gist-825 189 6 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 189 7 3rd 3rd ADJ gist-825 189 8 ed ed NOUN gist-825 189 9 . . PUNCT gist-825 189 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 189 11 . . PUNCT gist-825 190 1 alexandria alexandria PROPN gist-825 190 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 190 3 va va NOUN gist-825 190 4 : : PUNCT gist-825 190 5 association association NOUN gist-825 190 6 for for ADP gist-825 190 7 supervision supervision NOUN gist-825 190 8 and and CCONJ gist-825 190 9 curriculum curriculum NOUN gist-825 190 10 development development NOUN gist-825 190 11 lópez lópez PROPN gist-825 190 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 190 13 a. a. PROPN gist-825 190 14 , , PUNCT gist-825 190 15 & & CCONJ gist-825 190 16 bernal bernal PROPN gist-825 190 17 , , PUNCT gist-825 190 18 r. r. PROPN gist-825 190 19 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 190 20 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 190 21 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 190 22 . . PUNCT gist-825 191 1 language language NOUN gist-825 191 2 testing testing NOUN gist-825 191 3 in in ADP gist-825 191 4 colombia colombia PROPN gist-825 191 5 : : PUNCT gist-825 191 6 a a DET gist-825 191 7 call call NOUN gist-825 191 8 for for ADP gist-825 191 9 more more ADJ gist-825 191 10 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 191 11 education education NOUN gist-825 191 12 and and CCONJ gist-825 191 13 teacher teacher NOUN gist-825 191 14 training training NOUN gist-825 191 15 in in ADP gist-825 191 16 language language NOUN gist-825 191 17 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 191 18 . . PUNCT gist-825 192 1 profile profile NOUN gist-825 192 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 192 3 issues issue NOUN gist-825 192 4 in in ADP gist-825 192 5 teachers teacher NOUN gist-825 192 6 ’ ' PUNCT gist-825 192 7 professional professional ADJ gist-825 192 8 development development NOUN gist-825 192 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 192 10 11(2 11(2 NOUN gist-825 192 11 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 192 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 192 13 55–70 55–70 NUM gist-825 192 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 193 1 ramírez ramírez PROPN gist-825 193 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 193 3 a. a. NOUN gist-825 193 4 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 193 5 2020 2020 NUM gist-825 193 6 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 193 7 . . PUNCT gist-825 194 1 análisis análisis PROPN gist-825 194 2 de de PROPN gist-825 194 3 ítems ítems PROPN gist-825 194 4 para para PROPN gist-825 194 5 prueba prueba PROPN gist-825 194 6 de de PROPN gist-825 194 7 clasificación clasificación PROPN gist-825 194 8 en en X gist-825 194 9 inglés inglés X gist-825 194 10 en en X gist-825 194 11 una una PROPN gist-825 194 12 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 194 13 colombiana colombiana PROPN gist-825 194 14 . . PROPN gist-825 195 1 cultura cultura PROPN gist-825 195 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 195 3 educación educación PROPN gist-825 195 4 y y PROPN gist-825 195 5 sociedad sociedad PROPN gist-825 195 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 195 7 11(2 11(2 NUM gist-825 195 8 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 195 9 . . PUNCT gist-825 196 1 177 177 NUM gist-825 196 2 - - SYM gist-825 196 3 190 190 NUM gist-825 196 4 doi doi NOUN gist-825 196 5 : : PUNCT gist-825 196 6     SPACE gist-825 196 7 http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/cultedusoc.11.2.2020.11 http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/cultedusoc.11.2.2020.11 NOUN gist-825 196 8 shohamy shohamy NOUN gist-825 196 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 196 10 e. e. PROPN gist-825 196 11 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 196 12 2001 2001 NUM gist-825 196 13 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 196 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 197 1 the the DET gist-825 197 2 power power NOUN gist-825 197 3 of of ADP gist-825 197 4 tests test NOUN gist-825 197 5 : : PUNCT gist-825 197 6 a a DET gist-825 197 7 critical critical ADJ gist-825 197 8 perspective perspective NOUN gist-825 197 9 of of ADP gist-825 197 10 the the DET gist-825 197 11 uses use NOUN gist-825 197 12 of of ADP gist-825 197 13 language language NOUN gist-825 197 14 tests test NOUN gist-825 197 15 . . PUNCT gist-825 198 1 harlow harlow PROPN gist-825 198 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 198 3 longman longman PROPN gist-825 198 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 199 1 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 199 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 199 3 l. l. PROPN gist-825 199 4 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 199 5 2009 2009 NUM gist-825 199 6 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 199 7 . . PUNCT gist-825 200 1 developing develop VERB gist-825 200 2 assessment assessment NOUN gist-825 200 3 literacy literacy NOUN gist-825 200 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 201 1 annual annual ADJ gist-825 201 2 review review NOUN gist-825 201 3 of of ADP gist-825 201 4 applied applied ADJ gist-825 201 5 linguistics linguistic NOUN gist-825 201 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 201 7 29 29 NUM gist-825 201 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 201 9 21–36 21–36 NUM gist-825 201 10 . . PUNCT gist-825 202 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190509090035 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190509090035 PROPN gist-825 202 2 . . PUNCT gist-825 203 1 taylor taylor PROPN gist-825 203 2 , , PUNCT gist-825 203 3 l. l. PROPN gist-825 203 4 & & CCONJ gist-825 203 5 geranpayeh geranpayeh PROPN gist-825 203 6 , , PUNCT gist-825 203 7 a. a. NOUN gist-825 203 8 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 203 9 2011 2011 NUM gist-825 203 10 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 203 11 assessing assess VERB gist-825 203 12 listening listen VERB gist-825 203 13 for for ADP gist-825 203 14 academic academic ADJ gist-825 203 15 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 203 16 : : PUNCT gist-825 203 17 defining define VERB gist-825 203 18 and and CCONJ gist-825 203 19 perationalizing perationalize VERB gist-825 203 20 the the DET gist-825 203 21 test test NOUN gist-825 203 22 construct construct NOUN gist-825 203 23 . . PUNCT gist-825 204 1 journal journal PROPN gist-825 204 2 of of ADP gist-825 204 3 english english PROPN gist-825 204 4 for for ADP gist-825 204 5 academic academic ADJ gist-825 204 6 purposes purpose NOUN gist-825 204 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 204 8 10 10 NUM gist-825 204 9 , , PUNCT gist-825 204 10 89–101 89–101 PROPN gist-825 204 11 tomlinson tomlinson PROPN gist-825 204 12 , , PUNCT gist-825 204 13 b. b. PROPN gist-825 204 14 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 204 15 2005 2005 NUM gist-825 204 16 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 204 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 205 1 testing testing NOUN gist-825 205 2 to to PART gist-825 205 3 learn learn VERB gist-825 205 4 : : PUNCT gist-825 205 5 a a DET gist-825 205 6 personal personal ADJ gist-825 205 7 view view NOUN gist-825 205 8 of of ADP gist-825 205 9 language language NOUN gist-825 205 10 testing testing NOUN gist-825 205 11 . . PUNCT gist-825 206 1 elt elt PROPN gist-825 206 2 journal journal PROPN gist-825 206 3 volume volume NOUN gist-825 206 4 59 59 NUM gist-825 206 5 , , PUNCT gist-825 206 6 1 1 NUM gist-825 206 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 206 8 39 39 NUM gist-825 206 9 - - SYM gist-825 206 10 46 46 NUM gist-825 206 11 . . PUNCT gist-825 207 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/cci005 https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/cci005 VERB gist-825 207 2 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 207 3 del del PROPN gist-825 207 4 valle valle PROPN gist-825 207 5 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 207 6 2017 2017 NUM gist-825 207 7 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 207 8 resolución resolución PROPN gist-825 207 9 no no INTJ gist-825 207 10 . . PROPN gist-825 207 11 136 136 NUM gist-825 207 12 del del PROPN gist-825 207 13 consejo consejo PROPN gist-825 207 14 académico académico PROPN gist-825 207 15 de de X gist-825 207 16 diciembre diciembre PROPN gist-825 207 17 22 22 NUM gist-825 207 18 de de PROPN gist-825 207 19 2017 2017 NUM gist-825 207 20 . . PUNCT gist-825 208 1 cali cali ADJ gist-825 208 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 208 3 colombia colombia PROPN gist-825 208 4 . . PUNCT gist-825 209 1 design design NOUN gist-825 209 2 and and CCONJ gist-825 209 3 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 209 4 of of ADP gist-825 209 5 an an DET gist-825 209 6 english english ADJ gist-825 209 7 test test NOUN gist-825 209 8 ramírez ramírez PROPN gist-825 209 9 author author NOUN gist-825 209 10 alexander alexander PROPN gist-825 209 11 ramírez ramírez PROPN gist-825 209 12 holds hold VERB gist-825 209 13 a a DET gist-825 209 14 b.a b.a NOUN gist-825 209 15 in in ADP gist-825 209 16 foreign foreign ADJ gist-825 209 17 languages language NOUN gist-825 209 18 english english ADJ gist-825 209 19 - - PUNCT gist-825 209 20 french french PROPN gist-825 209 21 and and CCONJ gist-825 209 22 an an DET gist-825 209 23 m.a m.a PROPN gist-825 209 24 in in ADP gist-825 209 25 linguistics linguistic NOUN gist-825 209 26 . . PUNCT gist-825 210 1 he he PRON gist-825 210 2 is be AUX gist-825 210 3 a a DET gist-825 210 4 first first ADJ gist-825 210 5 - - PUNCT gist-825 210 6 year year NOUN gist-825 210 7 phd phd NOUN gist-825 210 8 student student NOUN gist-825 210 9 at at ADP gist-825 210 10 universidad universidad PROPN gist-825 210 11 del del PROPN gist-825 210 12 valle valle PROPN gist-825 210 13 , , PUNCT gist-825 210 14 where where SCONJ gist-825 210 15 he he PRON gist-825 210 16 also also ADV gist-825 210 17 works work VERB gist-825 210 18 as as ADP gist-825 210 19 an an DET gist-825 210 20 associate associate ADJ gist-825 210 21 professor professor NOUN gist-825 210 22 of of ADP gist-825 210 23 english english PROPN gist-825 210 24 and and CCONJ gist-825 210 25 linguistics linguistic NOUN gist-825 210 26 . . PUNCT gist-825 211 1 his his PRON gist-825 211 2 research research NOUN gist-825 211 3 interests interest NOUN gist-825 211 4 include include VERB gist-825 211 5 language language NOUN gist-825 211 6 testing testing NOUN gist-825 211 7 , , PUNCT gist-825 211 8 intercultural intercultural ADJ gist-825 211 9 communication communication NOUN gist-825 211 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 211 11 and and CCONJ gist-825 211 12 queer queer NOUN gist-825 211 13 linguistics linguistic NOUN gist-825 211 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 212 1 orcid orcid NOUN gist-825 212 2 : : PUNCT gist-825 212 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7122-9537 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7122-9537 NOUN gist-825 212 4 208 208 NUM gist-825 213 1 no no NOUN gist-825 213 2 . . NOUN gist-825 213 3 20 20 NUM gist-825 213 4 how how SCONJ gist-825 213 5 to to PART gist-825 213 6 reference reference VERB gist-825 213 7 this this DET gist-825 213 8 article article NOUN gist-825 213 9 : : PUNCT gist-825 213 10 ramirez ramirez PROPN gist-825 213 11 , , PUNCT gist-825 213 12 a. a. NOUN gist-825 213 13 ( ( PUNCT gist-825 213 14 2020 2020 NUM gist-825 213 15 ) ) PUNCT gist-825 213 16 . . PUNCT gist-825 214 1 challenges challenge NOUN gist-825 214 2 in in ADP gist-825 214 3 the the DET gist-825 214 4 design design NOUN gist-825 214 5 and and CCONJ gist-825 214 6 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 214 7 of of ADP gist-825 214 8 an an DET gist-825 214 9 english english ADJ gist-825 214 10 placement placement NOUN gist-825 214 11 test test NOUN gist-825 214 12 for for ADP gist-825 214 13 a a DET gist-825 214 14 colombian colombian ADJ gist-825 214 15 public public ADJ gist-825 214 16 university university NOUN gist-825 214 17 . . PUNCT gist-825 215 1 gist gist NOUN gist-825 215 2 – – PUNCT gist-825 215 3 education education NOUN gist-825 215 4 and and CCONJ gist-825 215 5 learning learn VERB gist-825 215 6 research research NOUN gist-825 215 7 journal journal NOUN gist-825 215 8 , , PUNCT gist-825 215 9 21 21 NUM gist-825 215 10 , , PUNCT gist-825 215 11 191 191 NUM gist-825 215 12 - - SYM gist-825 215 13 208 208 NUM gist-825 215 14 . . PUNCT gist-825 216 1 https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.825 https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.825 PROPN gist-825 216 2 design design NOUN gist-825 216 3 and and CCONJ gist-825 216 4 implementation implementation NOUN gist-825 216 5 of of ADP gist-825 216 6 an an DET gist-825 216 7 english english ADJ gist-825 216 8 test test NOUN