id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ger-561	1	1	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	1	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	1	3	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	1	4	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	1	5	1	1	NUM
ger-561	1	6	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	2	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	3	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	4	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	5	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	6	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	7	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	8	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	9	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	10	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	11	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	12	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	13	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	14	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	15	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	16	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	17	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	18	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	19	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	20	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	21	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	22	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	23	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	24	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	25	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	26	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	27	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	28	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	29	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	30	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	31	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	32	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	33	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	34	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	35	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	36	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	37	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	38	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	39	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	40	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	41	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	42	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	43	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	44	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	45	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	46	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	47	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	48	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	49	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	50	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	51	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	52	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	53	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	54	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	55	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	56	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	57	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	58	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	59	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	60	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	61	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	62	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	63	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	64	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	65	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	66	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	67	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	68	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	69	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	70	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	71	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	72	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	73	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	74	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	75	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	76	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	77	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	78	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	79	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	80	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	81	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	82	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	83	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	84	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	85	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	86	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	87	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	88	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	89	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	90	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	91	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	92	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	93	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	94	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	95	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	96	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	97	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	98	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	99	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	100	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	101	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	102	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	103	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	104	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	105	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	106	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	107	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	108	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	109	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	110	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	111	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	112	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	113	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	114	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	115	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	116	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	117	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	118	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	119	1	_	_	PUNCT
ger-561	120	1	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	120	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	120	3	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	120	4	is	be	AUX
ger-561	120	5	a	a	DET
ger-561	120	6	publication	publication	NOUN
ger-561	120	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	120	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	120	9	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	120	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	120	11	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	120	12	at	at	ADP
ger-561	120	13	mercy	mercy	NOUN
ger-561	120	14	college	college	NOUN
ger-561	120	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	120	16	new	new	PROPN
ger-561	120	17	york	york	PROPN
ger-561	120	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	121	1	this	this	PRON
ger-561	121	2	is	be	AUX
ger-561	121	3	an	an	DET
ger-561	121	4	open	open	ADJ
ger-561	121	5	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	121	6	article	article	NOUN
ger-561	121	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
ger-561	121	8	under	under	ADP
ger-561	121	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	121	10	terms	term	NOUN
ger-561	121	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	121	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	121	13	creative	creative	ADJ
ger-561	121	14	commons	common	NOUN
ger-561	121	15	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ger-561	121	16	4.0	4.0	NUM
ger-561	121	17	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	121	18	license	license	NOUN
ger-561	121	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	121	20	permitting	permit	VERB
ger-561	121	21	all	all	DET
ger-561	121	22	non	non	ADJ
ger-561	121	23	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	121	24	commercial	commercial	ADJ
ger-561	121	25	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	121	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	121	27	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ger-561	121	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	121	29	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	121	30	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ger-561	121	31	in	in	ADP
ger-561	121	32	any	any	DET
ger-561	121	33	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	121	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	121	35	provided	provide	VERB
ger-561	121	36	the	the	DET
ger-561	121	37	original	original	ADJ
ger-561	121	38	work	work	NOUN
ger-561	121	39	is	be	AUX
ger-561	121	40	properly	properly	ADV
ger-561	121	41	cited	cite	VERB
ger-561	121	42	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	122	1	citation	citation	NOUN
ger-561	122	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	123	1	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	123	3	leila	leila	PROPN
ger-561	123	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	123	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	123	6	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	123	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	123	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	124	1	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	124	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	124	3	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	124	4	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	124	5	for	for	ADP
ger-561	124	6	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	124	7	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	124	8	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	124	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	124	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	124	11	pathway	pathway	NOUN
ger-561	124	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	124	13	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	124	14	model	model	NOUN
ger-561	124	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	125	1	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	125	2	education	education	PROPN
ger-561	125	3	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	125	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	125	5	7	7	NUM
ger-561	125	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	125	7	3	3	NUM
ger-561	125	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	125	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	125	10	121	121	NUM
ger-561	125	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	126	1	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	126	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	126	3	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	126	4	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	126	5	for	for	ADP
ger-561	126	6	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	126	7	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	126	8	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	126	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	126	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	126	11	pathway	pathway	NOUN
ger-561	126	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	126	13	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	126	14	model	model	NOUN
ger-561	126	15	leila	leila	PROPN
ger-561	126	16	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	126	17	sil	sil	PROPN
ger-561	126	18	abstract	abstract	PROPN
ger-561	126	19	even	even	ADV
ger-561	126	20	a	a	DET
ger-561	126	21	quick	quick	ADJ
ger-561	126	22	glance	glance	NOUN
ger-561	126	23	at	at	ADP
ger-561	126	24	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	126	25	data	datum	NOUN
ger-561	126	26	reveals	reveal	VERB
ger-561	126	27	something	something	PRON
ger-561	126	28	troubling	troubling	ADJ
ger-561	126	29	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	126	30	there	there	PRON
ger-561	126	31	is	be	VERB
ger-561	126	32	an	an	DET
ger-561	126	33	increasing	increase	VERB
ger-561	126	34	economic	economic	ADJ
ger-561	126	35	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	126	36	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	126	37	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	126	38	between	between	ADP
ger-561	126	39	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	126	40	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	126	41	the	the	DET
ger-561	126	42	rest	rest	NOUN
ger-561	126	43	of	of	ADP
ger-561	126	44	the	the	DET
ger-561	126	45	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	126	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	127	1	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	127	2	we	we	PRON
ger-561	127	3	look	look	VERB
ger-561	127	4	just	just	ADV
ger-561	127	5	a	a	DET
ger-561	127	6	bit	bit	NOUN
ger-561	127	7	deeper	deep	ADJ
ger-561	127	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	127	9	we	we	PRON
ger-561	127	10	find	find	VERB
ger-561	127	11	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	127	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ger-561	127	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	127	14	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	127	15	stagnation	stagnation	NOUN
ger-561	127	16	may	may	AUX
ger-561	127	17	simply	simply	ADV
ger-561	127	18	be	be	AUX
ger-561	127	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	127	20	inevitable	inevitable	ADJ
ger-561	127	21	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	127	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	127	23	broad	broad	ADJ
ger-561	127	24	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	127	25	failure	failure	NOUN
ger-561	127	26	for	for	ADP
ger-561	127	27	millions	million	NOUN
ger-561	127	28	of	of	ADP
ger-561	127	29	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	127	30	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	127	31	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	127	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	128	1	behind	behind	ADP
ger-561	128	2	that	that	DET
ger-561	128	3	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	128	4	failure	failure	NOUN
ger-561	128	5	is	be	AUX
ger-561	128	6	a	a	DET
ger-561	128	7	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	128	8	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	128	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	128	10	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	128	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	128	12	chasm	chasm	NOUN
ger-561	128	13	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	128	14	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	128	15	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	128	16	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	128	17	must	must	AUX
ger-561	128	18	leap	leap	VERB
ger-561	128	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	128	20	order	order	NOUN
ger-561	128	21	to	to	PART
ger-561	128	22	succeed	succeed	VERB
ger-561	128	23	academically	academically	ADV
ger-561	128	24	to	to	PART
ger-561	128	25	benefit	benefit	VERB
ger-561	128	26	the	the	DET
ger-561	128	27	entire	entire	ADJ
ger-561	128	28	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	128	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	129	1	i	i	PRON
ger-561	129	2	suspect	suspect	VERB
ger-561	129	3	it	it	PRON
ger-561	129	4	is	be	AUX
ger-561	129	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	129	6	to	to	ADP
ger-561	129	7	its	its	PRON
ger-561	129	8	very	very	ADV
ger-561	129	9	core	core	NOUN
ger-561	129	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	130	1	this	this	DET
ger-561	130	2	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	130	3	follows	follow	VERB
ger-561	130	4	a	a	DET
ger-561	130	5	backward	backward	ADJ
ger-561	130	6	trail	trail	NOUN
ger-561	130	7	all	all	DET
ger-561	130	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	130	9	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	130	10	from	from	ADP
ger-561	130	11	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	130	12	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	130	13	to	to	ADP
ger-561	130	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	130	15	point	point	NOUN
ger-561	130	16	of	of	ADP
ger-561	130	17	entry	entry	NOUN
ger-561	130	18	for	for	ADP
ger-561	130	19	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	130	20	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	130	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	130	22	across	across	ADP
ger-561	130	23	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	130	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	131	1	it	it	PRON
ger-561	131	2	asks	ask	VERB
ger-561	131	3	three	three	NUM
ger-561	131	4	questions	question	NOUN
ger-561	131	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	131	6	1	1	X
ger-561	131	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	131	8	why	why	SCONJ
ger-561	131	9	is	be	AUX
ger-561	131	10	n’t	n’t	ADJ
ger-561	131	11	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	131	12	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	131	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	131	14	giving	give	VERB
ger-561	131	15	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	131	16	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	131	17	in	in	ADP
ger-561	131	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	131	19	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	131	20	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	131	21	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	131	22	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	132	1	2	2	X
ger-561	132	2	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	132	3	why	why	SCONJ
ger-561	132	4	are	be	AUX
ger-561	132	5	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	132	6	not	not	PART
ger-561	132	7	gaining	gain	VERB
ger-561	132	8	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ger-561	132	9	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	132	10	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	132	11	for	for	ADP
ger-561	132	12	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	132	13	as	as	ADP
ger-561	132	14	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	132	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	132	16	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	132	17	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	132	18	primary	primary	NOUN
ger-561	132	19	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	133	1	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	133	2	3	3	X
ger-561	133	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	133	4	how	how	SCONJ
ger-561	133	5	might	might	AUX
ger-561	133	6	a	a	DET
ger-561	133	7	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	133	8	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	133	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	133	10	close	close	VERB
ger-561	133	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	133	12	final	final	ADJ
ger-561	133	13	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	133	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	133	15	providing	provide	VERB
ger-561	133	16	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
ger-561	133	17	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	133	18	to	to	ADP
ger-561	133	19	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	133	20	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	133	21	for	for	ADP
ger-561	133	22	all	all	DET
ger-561	133	23	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	133	24	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	133	25	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	134	1	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	134	2	these	these	DET
ger-561	134	3	questions	question	NOUN
ger-561	134	4	are	be	AUX
ger-561	134	5	answered	answer	VERB
ger-561	134	6	by	by	ADP
ger-561	134	7	current	current	ADJ
ger-561	134	8	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	134	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	134	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	134	11	findings	finding	NOUN
ger-561	134	12	suggest	suggest	VERB
ger-561	134	13	solutions	solution	NOUN
ger-561	134	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	135	1	i	i	PRON
ger-561	135	2	propose	propose	VERB
ger-561	135	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	135	4	series	series	NOUN
ger-561	135	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	135	6	three	three	NUM
ger-561	135	7	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	135	8	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	135	9	related	relate	VERB
ger-561	135	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	135	11	aimed	aim	VERB
ger-561	135	12	at	at	ADP
ger-561	135	13	closing	close	VERB
ger-561	135	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	135	15	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	135	16	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	135	17	—	—	PUNCT
ger-561	135	18	a	a	DET
ger-561	135	19	yawning	yawning	NOUN
ger-561	135	20	chasm	chasm	NOUN
ger-561	135	21	—	—	PUNCT
ger-561	135	22	for	for	ADP
ger-561	135	23	all	all	DET
ger-561	135	24	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	135	25	youth	youth	NOUN
ger-561	135	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	136	1	keywords	keyword	VERB
ger-561	136	2	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	136	3	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	136	4	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	5	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	136	6	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	136	7	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	136	9	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	136	10	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	11	equal	equal	ADJ
ger-561	136	12	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	136	13	to	to	ADP
ger-561	136	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	136	15	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	16	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	136	17	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	136	18	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	19	late	late	ADJ
ger-561	136	20	exit	exit	NOUN
ger-561	136	21	models	model	NOUN
ger-561	136	22	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	23	disempowerment	disempowerment	NOUN
ger-561	136	24	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	136	25	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	136	26	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	136	27	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	136	28	illiteracy	illiteracy	NOUN
ger-561	136	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	136	30	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	136	31	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
ger-561	136	32	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	136	33	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ger-561	136	34	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	136	35	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	136	36	for	for	ADP
ger-561	136	37	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	136	38	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	136	39	in	in	ADP
ger-561	136	40	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	136	41	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	136	42	saharan	saharan	ADJ
ger-561	136	43	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	136	44	are	be	AUX
ger-561	136	45	by	by	ADP
ger-561	136	46	far	far	ADV
ger-561	136	47	the	the	DET
ger-561	136	48	lowest	low	ADJ
ger-561	136	49	in	in	ADP
ger-561	136	50	the	the	DET
ger-561	136	51	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	136	52	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	136	53	at	at	ADP
ger-561	136	54	6	6	NUM
ger-561	136	55	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	136	56	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	136	57	bloom	bloom	NOUN
ger-561	136	58	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	136	59	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	136	60	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	136	61	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	136	62	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	136	63	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	136	64	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	137	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	137	2	causal	causal	ADJ
ger-561	137	3	connections	connection	NOUN
ger-561	137	4	between	between	ADP
ger-561	137	5	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	137	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	137	7	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	137	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	137	9	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ger-561	137	10	have	have	AUX
ger-561	137	11	long	long	ADV
ger-561	137	12	been	be	AUX
ger-561	137	13	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
ger-561	137	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	137	15	usaid	usaid	ADJ
ger-561	137	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	137	17	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	137	18	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	137	19	world	world	PROPN
ger-561	137	20	bank	bank	PROPN
ger-561	137	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	137	22	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	137	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	137	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	138	1	these	these	DET
ger-561	138	2	connections	connection	NOUN
ger-561	138	3	are	be	AUX
ger-561	138	4	certainly	certainly	ADV
ger-561	138	5	believed	believe	VERB
ger-561	138	6	by	by	ADP
ger-561	138	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	138	8	parents	parent	NOUN
ger-561	138	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	138	10	those	those	DET
ger-561	138	11	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	138	12	entering	enter	VERB
ger-561	138	13	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	138	14	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	138	15	saharan	saharan	ADJ
ger-561	138	16	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	138	17	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	138	18	education	education	PROPN
ger-561	138	19	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	138	20	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	138	21	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	138	22	wide	wide	ADV
ger-561	138	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	138	24	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	138	25	they	they	PRON
ger-561	138	26	do	do	AUX
ger-561	138	27	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	138	28	seem	seem	VERB
ger-561	138	29	to	to	PART
ger-561	138	30	understand	understand	VERB
ger-561	138	31	the	the	DET
ger-561	138	32	power	power	NOUN
ger-561	138	33	of	of	ADP
ger-561	138	34	their	their	PRON
ger-561	138	35	own	own	ADJ
ger-561	138	36	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	138	37	to	to	PART
ger-561	138	38	enable	enable	VERB
ger-561	138	39	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	138	40	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	138	41	muthwii	muthwii	NOUN
ger-561	138	42	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	138	43	2002	2002	NUM
ger-561	138	44	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	138	45	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	139	1	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	139	2	impoverishment	impoverishment	NOUN
ger-561	139	3	is	be	AUX
ger-561	139	4	visible	visible	ADJ
ger-561	139	5	to	to	ADP
ger-561	139	6	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	139	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	139	8	three	three	NUM
ger-561	139	9	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	139	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	139	11	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	139	12	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	139	13	for	for	ADP
ger-561	139	14	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	139	15	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	139	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	139	17	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	139	18	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	139	19	across	across	ADP
ger-561	139	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	139	21	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	139	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	139	23	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	139	24	a	a	DET
ger-561	139	25	failure	failure	NOUN
ger-561	139	26	to	to	PART
ger-561	139	27	use	use	VERB
ger-561	139	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	139	29	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	139	30	people	people	NOUN
ger-561	139	31	speak	speak	VERB
ger-561	139	32	in	in	ADP
ger-561	139	33	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	139	34	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	139	35	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	139	36	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	140	1	trudell	trudell	PROPN
ger-561	140	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	140	3	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	140	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	140	5	mercado	mercado	PROPN
ger-561	140	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	140	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	140	8	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	140	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	140	10	carried	carry	VERB
ger-561	140	11	out	out	ADP
ger-561	140	12	an	an	DET
ger-561	140	13	extensive	extensive	ADJ
ger-561	140	14	desk	desk	NOUN
ger-561	140	15	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	140	16	of	of	ADP
ger-561	140	17	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	140	18	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	140	19	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	140	20	on	on	ADP
ger-561	140	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	140	22	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	140	23	in	in	ADP
ger-561	140	24	order	order	NOUN
ger-561	140	25	to	to	PART
ger-561	140	26	propose	propose	VERB
ger-561	140	27	any	any	DET
ger-561	140	28	changes	change	NOUN
ger-561	140	29	which	which	PRON
ger-561	140	30	could	could	AUX
ger-561	140	31	lead	lead	VERB
ger-561	140	32	to	to	ADP
ger-561	140	33	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	140	34	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	140	35	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	140	36	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	140	37	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	140	38	for	for	ADP
ger-561	140	39	millions	million	NOUN
ger-561	140	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	141	1	this	this	DET
ger-561	141	2	article	article	NOUN
ger-561	141	3	2	2	NUM
ger-561	141	4	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	141	5	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	141	6	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	141	7	7	7	NUM
ger-561	141	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	141	9	3	3	NUM
ger-561	141	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	141	11	follows	follow	VERB
ger-561	141	12	up	up	ADP
ger-561	141	13	on	on	ADP
ger-561	141	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	141	15	data	datum	NOUN
ger-561	141	16	gathered	gather	VERB
ger-561	141	17	there	there	ADV
ger-561	141	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	141	19	suggesting	suggest	VERB
ger-561	141	20	a	a	DET
ger-561	141	21	series	series	NOUN
ger-561	141	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	141	23	three	three	NUM
ger-561	141	24	macro	macro	ADJ
ger-561	141	25	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	141	26	which	which	PRON
ger-561	141	27	could	could	AUX
ger-561	141	28	lead	lead	VERB
ger-561	141	29	to	to	ADP
ger-561	141	30	equal	equal	ADJ
ger-561	141	31	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	141	32	to	to	ADP
ger-561	141	33	quality	quality	NOUN
ger-561	141	34	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	141	35	for	for	ADP
ger-561	141	36	millions	million	NOUN
ger-561	141	37	of	of	ADP
ger-561	141	38	young	young	ADJ
ger-561	141	39	people	people	NOUN
ger-561	141	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	142	1	1.1	1.1	NUM
ger-561	142	2	limited	limit	VERB
ger-561	142	3	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	142	4	to	to	ADP
ger-561	142	5	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	142	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	142	7	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	142	8	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	142	9	for	for	ADP
ger-561	142	10	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	142	11	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	142	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	142	13	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	142	14	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	142	15	saharan	saharan	ADJ
ger-561	142	16	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	142	17	have	have	AUX
ger-561	142	18	been	be	AUX
ger-561	142	19	found	find	VERB
ger-561	142	20	to	to	PART
ger-561	142	21	be	be	AUX
ger-561	142	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	142	23	lowest	low	ADJ
ger-561	142	24	in	in	ADP
ger-561	142	25	the	the	DET
ger-561	142	26	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	142	27	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	142	28	bloom	bloom	NOUN
ger-561	142	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	142	30	canning	canning	NOUN
ger-561	142	31	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	142	32	chan	chan	PROPN
ger-561	142	33	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	142	34	luca	luca	PROPN
ger-561	142	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	142	36	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	142	37	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	142	38	gandhi	gandhi	PROPN
ger-561	142	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	142	40	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	142	41	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	142	42	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	143	1	low	low	ADJ
ger-561	143	2	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	143	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	143	4	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	143	5	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	143	6	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	143	7	a	a	DET
ger-561	143	8	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	143	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	143	10	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	143	11	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	143	12	papers	paper	NOUN
ger-561	143	13	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	143	14	bloom	bloom	NOUN
ger-561	143	15	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	143	16	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	143	17	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	143	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	143	19	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	143	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	143	21	suggest	suggest	VERB
ger-561	143	22	a	a	DET
ger-561	143	23	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ger-561	143	24	disempowerment	disempowerment	NOUN
ger-561	143	25	of	of	ADP
ger-561	143	26	thousands	thousand	NOUN
ger-561	143	27	of	of	ADP
ger-561	143	28	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	143	29	communities	community	NOUN
ger-561	143	30	across	across	ADP
ger-561	143	31	subsaharan	subsaharan	PROPN
ger-561	143	32	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	143	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	144	1	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	144	2	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	144	3	saharan	saharan	ADJ
ger-561	144	4	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	144	5	contains	contain	VERB
ger-561	144	6	a	a	DET
ger-561	144	7	populace	populace	NOUN
ger-561	144	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	144	9	over	over	ADP
ger-561	144	10	611	611	NUM
ger-561	144	11	million	million	NUM
ger-561	144	12	people	people	NOUN
ger-561	144	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	144	14	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	144	15	2,368	2,368	NUM
ger-561	144	16	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	144	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	144	18	eberhard	eberhard	NOUN
ger-561	144	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	144	20	simons	simon	NOUN
ger-561	144	21	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	144	22	fennig	fennig	PROPN
ger-561	144	23	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	144	24	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	144	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	144	26	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	144	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	145	1	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	145	2	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	145	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	146	1	there	there	PRON
ger-561	146	2	is	be	VERB
ger-561	146	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	146	4	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	146	5	connection	connection	NOUN
ger-561	146	6	behind	behind	ADP
ger-561	146	7	these	these	DET
ger-561	146	8	indices	index	NOUN
ger-561	146	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	146	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	146	11	it	it	PRON
ger-561	146	12	can	can	AUX
ger-561	146	13	be	be	AUX
ger-561	146	14	tracked	track	VERB
ger-561	146	15	back	back	ADV
ger-561	146	16	from	from	ADP
ger-561	146	17	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	146	18	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	146	19	to	to	ADP
ger-561	146	20	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	146	21	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	146	22	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ger-561	146	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	147	1	unesco	unesco	PROPN
ger-561	147	2	data	data	PROPN
ger-561	147	3	on	on	ADP
ger-561	147	4	urban	urban	ADJ
ger-561	147	5	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	147	6	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	147	7	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	147	8	to	to	ADP
ger-561	147	9	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	147	10	is	be	AUX
ger-561	147	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	147	12	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	147	13	ethnolinguistic	ethnolinguistic	ADJ
ger-561	147	14	indicator	indicator	NOUN
ger-561	147	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	147	16	unequal	unequal	ADJ
ger-561	147	17	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	147	18	to	to	ADP
ger-561	147	19	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	147	20	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	147	21	for	for	ADP
ger-561	147	22	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	147	23	minorities	minority	NOUN
ger-561	147	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	148	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	148	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	148	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	148	4	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	148	5	disempowerment	disempowerment	NOUN
ger-561	148	6	shows	show	VERB
ger-561	148	7	up	up	ADP
ger-561	148	8	quite	quite	ADV
ger-561	148	9	clearly	clearly	ADV
ger-561	148	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	148	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	148	12	articles	article	NOUN
ger-561	148	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	148	14	several	several	ADJ
ger-561	148	15	africans	africans	PROPN
ger-561	148	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	149	1	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	149	2	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	149	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	149	4	east	east	PROPN
ger-561	149	5	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	149	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	149	7	provides	provide	VERB
ger-561	149	8	one	one	NUM
ger-561	149	9	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	149	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	149	11	described	describe	VERB
ger-561	149	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	149	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	149	14	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	149	15	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
ger-561	149	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	150	1	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	150	2	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	150	3	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ger-561	150	4	groups	group	NOUN
ger-561	150	5	have	have	AUX
ger-561	150	6	historically	historically	ADV
ger-561	150	7	resided	reside	VERB
ger-561	150	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	150	9	certain	certain	ADJ
ger-561	150	10	counties	county	NOUN
ger-561	150	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	150	12	all	all	PRON
ger-561	150	13	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	150	14	ethnically	ethnically	ADV
ger-561	150	15	based	base	VERB
ger-561	150	16	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	150	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	150	18	taaliu	taaliu	NOUN
ger-561	150	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	150	20	2017	2017	NUM
ger-561	150	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	150	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	151	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	151	2	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	151	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	151	4	colonizers	colonizer	NOUN
ger-561	151	5	settled	settle	VERB
ger-561	151	6	first	first	ADV
ger-561	151	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	151	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	151	9	gîkûyû	gîkûyû	PROPN
ger-561	151	10	area	area	NOUN
ger-561	151	11	near	near	ADP
ger-561	151	12	mt	mt	PROPN
ger-561	151	13	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	151	14	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	151	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	151	16	good	good	ADJ
ger-561	151	17	for	for	ADP
ger-561	151	18	growing	grow	VERB
ger-561	151	19	coffee	coffee	NOUN
ger-561	151	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	151	21	tea	tea	NOUN
ger-561	151	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	151	23	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	151	24	cotton	cotton	NOUN
ger-561	151	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	152	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	152	2	regional	regional	ADJ
ger-561	152	3	imbalance	imbalance	NOUN
ger-561	152	4	for	for	ADP
ger-561	152	5	equal	equal	ADJ
ger-561	152	6	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	152	7	to	to	ADP
ger-561	152	8	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	152	9	began	begin	VERB
ger-561	152	10	there	there	ADV
ger-561	152	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	152	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	152	13	its	its	PRON
ger-561	152	14	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	152	15	is	be	AUX
ger-561	152	16	still	still	ADV
ger-561	152	17	felt	feel	VERB
ger-561	152	18	at	at	ADP
ger-561	152	19	every	every	DET
ger-561	152	20	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	152	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	152	22	from	from	ADP
ger-561	152	23	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	152	24	through	through	ADP
ger-561	152	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	152	26	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	152	27	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	152	28	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	152	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	153	1	taaliu	taaliu	NOUN
ger-561	153	2	found	find	VERB
ger-561	153	3	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	153	4	gîkûyû	gîkûyû	NOUN
ger-561	153	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	153	6	which	which	PRON
ger-561	153	7	represents	represent	VERB
ger-561	153	8	an	an	DET
ger-561	153	9	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ger-561	153	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	153	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	153	12	group	group	NOUN
ger-561	153	13	comprising	comprise	VERB
ger-561	153	14	17	17	NUM
ger-561	153	15	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	153	16	of	of	ADP
ger-561	153	17	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	153	18	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	153	19	population	population	NOUN
ger-561	153	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	153	21	enjoy	enjoy	VERB
ger-561	153	22	23.6	23.6	NUM
ger-561	153	23	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	153	24	of	of	ADP
ger-561	153	25	all	all	DET
ger-561	153	26	jobs	job	NOUN
ger-561	153	27	in	in	ADP
ger-561	153	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	153	29	public	public	ADJ
ger-561	153	30	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	153	31	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	153	32	colleges	college	NOUN
ger-561	153	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	154	1	ten	ten	NUM
ger-561	154	2	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ger-561	154	3	groups	group	NOUN
ger-561	154	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	154	5	their	their	PRON
ger-561	154	6	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	154	7	take	take	VERB
ger-561	154	8	up	up	ADV
ger-561	154	9	96.3	96.3	NUM
ger-561	154	10	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	154	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	154	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	154	13	total	total	ADJ
ger-561	154	14	workforce	workforce	NOUN
ger-561	154	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	154	16	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	154	17	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	154	18	public	public	ADJ
ger-561	154	19	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	154	20	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	154	21	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	154	22	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
ger-561	154	23	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	154	24	integration	integration	NOUN
ger-561	154	25	commission	commission	NOUN
ger-561	154	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	154	27	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	154	28	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	154	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	155	1	this	this	PRON
ger-561	155	2	means	mean	VERB
ger-561	155	3	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	155	4	36	36	NUM
ger-561	155	5	other	other	ADJ
ger-561	155	6	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	155	7	groups	group	NOUN
ger-561	155	8	are	be	AUX
ger-561	155	9	often	often	ADV
ger-561	155	10	geographically	geographically	ADV
ger-561	155	11	isolated	isolate	VERB
ger-561	155	12	from	from	ADP
ger-561	155	13	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	155	14	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	155	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	156	1	of	of	ADP
ger-561	156	2	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	156	3	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	156	4	47	47	NUM
ger-561	156	5	counties	county	NOUN
ger-561	156	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	156	7	only	only	ADV
ger-561	156	8	20	20	NUM
ger-561	156	9	have	have	VERB
ger-561	156	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	156	11	public	public	ADJ
ger-561	156	12	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	156	13	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	156	14	constituent	constituent	NOUN
ger-561	156	15	college	college	NOUN
ger-561	156	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	157	1	seventeen	seventeen	NUM
ger-561	157	2	do	do	AUX
ger-561	157	3	not	not	PART
ger-561	157	4	have	have	VERB
ger-561	157	5	a	a	DET
ger-561	157	6	single	single	ADJ
ger-561	157	7	one	one	NUM
ger-561	157	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	158	1	nairobi	nairobi	PROPN
ger-561	158	2	alone	alone	ADV
ger-561	158	3	has	have	VERB
ger-561	158	4	five	five	NUM
ger-561	158	5	major	major	ADJ
ger-561	158	6	public	public	ADJ
ger-561	158	7	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	158	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	158	9	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	158	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	158	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	158	12	isolation	isolation	NOUN
ger-561	158	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	158	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	158	15	most	most	ADV
ger-561	158	16	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	158	17	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	158	18	groups	group	NOUN
ger-561	158	19	is	be	AUX
ger-561	158	20	obvious	obvious	ADJ
ger-561	158	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	159	1	1.2	1.2	NUM
ger-561	159	2	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	159	3	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	159	4	attendance	attendance	NOUN
ger-561	159	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	159	6	minority	minority	NOUN
ger-561	159	7	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	159	8	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	159	9	equal	equal	ADJ
ger-561	159	10	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	159	11	to	to	ADP
ger-561	159	12	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	159	13	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	159	14	for	for	ADP
ger-561	159	15	these	these	DET
ger-561	159	16	groups	group	NOUN
ger-561	159	17	is	be	AUX
ger-561	159	18	of	of	ADP
ger-561	159	19	course	course	NOUN
ger-561	159	20	limited	limit	VERB
ger-561	159	21	as	as	ADV
ger-561	159	22	well	well	ADV
ger-561	159	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	160	1	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	160	2	are	be	AUX
ger-561	160	3	admitted	admit	VERB
ger-561	160	4	to	to	ADP
ger-561	160	5	high	high	ADJ
ger-561	160	6	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	160	7	after	after	ADP
ger-561	160	8	sitting	sit	VERB
ger-561	160	9	for	for	ADP
ger-561	160	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	160	11	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	160	12	certificate	certificate	NOUN
ger-561	160	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	160	14	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	160	15	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	160	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	160	17	kcpe	kcpe	NOUN
ger-561	160	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	160	19	exams	exam	NOUN
ger-561	160	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	160	21	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	160	22	seven	seven	NUM
ger-561	160	23	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	160	24	of	of	ADP
ger-561	160	25	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	160	26	primarily	primarily	ADV
ger-561	160	27	using	use	VERB
ger-561	160	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	160	29	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	160	30	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	160	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	161	1	it	it	PRON
ger-561	161	2	is	be	AUX
ger-561	161	3	predictable	predictable	ADJ
ger-561	161	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	161	5	then	then	ADV
ger-561	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	161	7	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	161	8	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	161	9	admitted	admit	VERB
ger-561	161	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	161	11	county	county	NOUN
ger-561	161	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	161	13	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	161	14	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	161	15	county	county	ADJ
ger-561	161	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	161	17	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	161	18	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	161	19	have	have	AUX
ger-561	161	20	fewer	few	ADJ
ger-561	161	21	marks	mark	NOUN
ger-561	161	22	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	161	23	on	on	ADP
ger-561	161	24	those	those	DET
ger-561	161	25	exams	exam	NOUN
ger-561	161	26	than	than	ADP
ger-561	161	27	those	those	PRON
ger-561	161	28	admitted	admit	VERB
ger-561	161	29	at	at	ADP
ger-561	161	30	the	the	DET
ger-561	161	31	prestigious	prestigious	ADJ
ger-561	161	32	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	161	33	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	161	34	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	161	35	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	161	36	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	161	37	for	for	ADP
ger-561	161	38	all	all	PRON
ger-561	161	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	161	40	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	161	41	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	161	42	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	162	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	162	2	exam	exam	NOUN
ger-561	162	3	process	process	NOUN
ger-561	162	4	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
ger-561	162	5	leaves	leave	VERB
ger-561	162	6	those	those	DET
ger-561	162	7	same	same	ADJ
ger-561	162	8	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	162	9	unable	unable	ADJ
ger-561	162	10	to	to	PART
ger-561	162	11	enter	enter	VERB
ger-561	162	12	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	162	13	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	162	14	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	162	15	as	as	ADV
ger-561	162	16	well	well	ADV
ger-561	162	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	163	1	1.3	1.3	NUM
ger-561	163	2	limited	limit	VERB
ger-561	163	3	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	163	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	163	5	attendance	attendance	NOUN
ger-561	163	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	163	7	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	163	8	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	163	9	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	163	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	163	11	trail	trail	NOUN
ger-561	163	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	163	13	disempowerment	disempowerment	NOUN
ger-561	163	14	can	can	AUX
ger-561	163	15	be	be	AUX
ger-561	163	16	followed	follow	VERB
ger-561	163	17	all	all	DET
ger-561	163	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	163	19	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	163	20	back	back	ADV
ger-561	163	21	through	through	ADP
ger-561	163	22	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	163	23	to	to	ADP
ger-561	163	24	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	163	25	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	163	26	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	163	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	163	28	where	where	SCONJ
ger-561	163	29	88	88	NUM
ger-561	163	30	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	163	31	of	of	ADP
ger-561	163	32	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	163	33	ages	age	NOUN
ger-561	163	34	6	6	NUM
ger-561	163	35	-	-	SYM
ger-561	163	36	14	14	NUM
ger-561	163	37	are	be	AUX
ger-561	163	38	not	not	PART
ger-561	163	39	gaining	gain	VERB
ger-561	163	40	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ger-561	163	41	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	163	42	levels	level	NOUN
ger-561	163	43	in	in	ADP
ger-561	163	44	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	163	45	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	164	1	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	164	2	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	164	3	is	be	AUX
ger-561	164	4	also	also	ADV
ger-561	164	5	disproportionately	disproportionately	ADV
ger-561	164	6	low	low	ADJ
ger-561	164	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	164	8	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	164	10	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ger-561	164	11	minority	minority	NOUN
ger-561	164	12	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	164	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	164	14	paired	pair	VERB
ger-561	164	15	with	with	ADP
ger-561	164	16	lower	low	ADJ
ger-561	164	17	attendance	attendance	NOUN
ger-561	164	18	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	164	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	164	20	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	164	21	dropout	dropout	NOUN
ger-561	164	22	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	164	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	165	1	predicting	predict	VERB
ger-561	165	2	these	these	DET
ger-561	165	3	indicators	indicator	NOUN
ger-561	165	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	165	5	disengagement	disengagement	NOUN
ger-561	165	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	165	7	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	165	8	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	165	9	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	165	10	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	165	11	are	be	AUX
ger-561	165	12	lower	low	ADJ
ger-561	165	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	165	14	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	165	15	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	165	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	165	17	which	which	PRON
ger-561	165	18	house	house	VERB
ger-561	165	19	a	a	DET
ger-561	165	20	large	large	ADJ
ger-561	165	21	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	165	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	165	23	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	165	24	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	165	25	3	3	NUM
ger-561	165	26	number	number	NOUN
ger-561	165	27	of	of	ADP
ger-561	165	28	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	165	29	minority	minority	NOUN
ger-561	165	30	communities	community	NOUN
ger-561	165	31	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	165	32	heugh	heugh	NOUN
ger-561	165	33	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	165	34	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	165	35	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	165	36	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	166	1	another	another	DET
ger-561	166	2	clue	clue	NOUN
ger-561	166	3	to	to	ADP
ger-561	166	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	166	5	importance	importance	NOUN
ger-561	166	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	166	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	166	8	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	166	9	issue	issue	NOUN
ger-561	166	10	can	can	AUX
ger-561	166	11	be	be	AUX
ger-561	166	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	166	13	hardest	hard	ADJ
ger-561	166	14	to	to	PART
ger-561	166	15	measure	measure	VERB
ger-561	166	16	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	166	17	a	a	DET
ger-561	166	18	true	true	ADJ
ger-561	166	19	passion	passion	NOUN
ger-561	166	20	for	for	ADP
ger-561	166	21	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	166	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	167	1	disengagement	disengagement	NOUN
ger-561	167	2	may	may	AUX
ger-561	167	3	go	go	VERB
ger-561	167	4	deeper	deep	ADJ
ger-561	167	5	than	than	ADP
ger-561	167	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	167	7	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
ger-561	167	8	embraced	embrace	VERB
ger-561	167	9	concepts	concept	NOUN
ger-561	167	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	167	11	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	167	12	formal	formal	ADJ
ger-561	167	13	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	167	14	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	167	15	be	be	AUX
ger-561	167	16	invisible	invisible	ADJ
ger-561	167	17	to	to	ADP
ger-561	167	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	167	19	authorities	authority	NOUN
ger-561	167	20	who	who	PRON
ger-561	167	21	forbid	forbid	VERB
ger-561	167	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	167	23	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	167	24	of	of	ADP
ger-561	167	25	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	167	26	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	167	27	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	167	28	in	in	ADP
ger-561	167	29	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ger-561	167	30	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	167	31	clegg	clegg	PROPN
ger-561	167	32	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	167	33	afitska	afitska	PROPN
ger-561	167	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	167	35	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	167	36	since	since	SCONJ
ger-561	167	37	data	data	NOUN
ger-561	167	38	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	167	39	gathering	gathering	NOUN
ger-561	167	40	is	be	AUX
ger-561	167	41	no	no	DET
ger-561	167	42	substitute	substitute	NOUN
ger-561	167	43	for	for	ADP
ger-561	167	44	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	167	45	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	167	46	experiences	experience	NOUN
ger-561	167	47	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	167	48	i	i	PRON
ger-561	167	49	include	include	VERB
ger-561	167	50	visual	visual	ADJ
ger-561	167	51	data	datum	NOUN
ger-561	167	52	here	here	ADV
ger-561	167	53	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	167	54	gathered	gather	VERB
ger-561	167	55	during	during	ADP
ger-561	167	56	a	a	DET
ger-561	167	57	series	series	NOUN
ger-561	167	58	of	of	ADP
ger-561	167	59	maasai	maasai	ADJ
ger-561	167	60	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	167	61	visits	visit	NOUN
ger-561	167	62	where	where	SCONJ
ger-561	167	63	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	167	64	2	2	NUM
ger-561	167	65	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	167	66	were	be	AUX
ger-561	167	67	so	so	ADV
ger-561	167	68	delighted	delighted	ADJ
ger-561	167	69	with	with	ADP
ger-561	167	70	their	their	PRON
ger-561	167	71	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	167	72	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	167	73	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	167	74	that	that	PRON
ger-561	167	75	they	they	PRON
ger-561	167	76	grabbed	grab	VERB
ger-561	167	77	the	the	DET
ger-561	167	78	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	167	79	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	167	80	big	big	ADJ
ger-561	167	81	book	book	NOUN
ger-561	167	82	when	when	SCONJ
ger-561	167	83	he	he	PRON
ger-561	167	84	left	leave	VERB
ger-561	167	85	the	the	DET
ger-561	167	86	room	room	NOUN
ger-561	167	87	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	167	88	tried	try	VERB
ger-561	167	89	to	to	PART
ger-561	167	90	read	read	VERB
ger-561	167	91	it	it	PRON
ger-561	167	92	for	for	ADP
ger-561	167	93	themselves	themselves	PRON
ger-561	167	94	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	168	1	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	168	2	1	1	NUM
ger-561	168	3	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	168	4	also	also	ADV
ger-561	168	5	appeared	appear	VERB
ger-561	168	6	very	very	ADV
ger-561	168	7	proud	proud	ADJ
ger-561	168	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	168	9	what	what	PRON
ger-561	168	10	they	they	PRON
ger-561	168	11	were	be	AUX
ger-561	168	12	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	168	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	169	1	our	our	PRON
ger-561	169	2	l1s	l1s	PROPN
ger-561	169	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	169	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	169	5	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	169	6	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	169	7	we	we	PRON
ger-561	169	8	hear	hear	VERB
ger-561	169	9	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	169	10	speak	speak	VERB
ger-561	169	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	169	12	often	often	ADV
ger-561	169	13	run	run	VERB
ger-561	169	14	as	as	ADV
ger-561	169	15	deeply	deeply	ADV
ger-561	169	16	as	as	ADP
ger-561	169	17	our	our	PRON
ger-561	169	18	worldviews	worldview	NOUN
ger-561	169	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	169	20	convey	convey	VERB
ger-561	169	21	human	human	ADJ
ger-561	169	22	emotions	emotion	NOUN
ger-561	169	23	automatically	automatically	ADV
ger-561	169	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	170	1	figure	figure	VERB
ger-561	170	2	2	2	NUM
ger-561	170	3	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	170	4	2	2	NUM
ger-561	170	5	maasai	maasai	ADJ
ger-561	170	6	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	170	7	grab	grab	VERB
ger-561	170	8	a	a	DET
ger-561	170	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	170	10	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	170	11	book	book	NOUN
ger-561	170	12	to	to	PART
ger-561	170	13	try	try	VERB
ger-561	170	14	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	170	15	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	170	16	for	for	ADP
ger-561	170	17	themselves	themselves	PRON
ger-561	170	18	figure	figure	VERB
ger-561	170	19	3	3	NUM
ger-561	170	20	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	170	21	1	1	NUM
ger-561	170	22	maasai	maasai	ADJ
ger-561	170	23	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	170	24	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	170	25	enjoy	enjoy	VERB
ger-561	170	26	using	use	VERB
ger-561	170	27	their	their	PRON
ger-561	170	28	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	170	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	171	1	more	more	ADV
ger-561	171	2	importantly	importantly	ADV
ger-561	171	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	171	4	this	this	DET
ger-561	171	5	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	171	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	171	7	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	171	8	is	be	AUX
ger-561	171	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	171	10	proven	prove	VERB
ger-561	171	11	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
ger-561	171	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	171	13	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	171	14	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	171	15	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
ger-561	171	16	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	171	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	171	18	baker	baker	PROPN
ger-561	171	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	171	20	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	171	21	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	171	22	caldas	calda	NOUN
ger-561	171	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	171	24	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	171	25	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	171	26	dutcher	dutcher	PROPN
ger-561	171	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	171	28	1995	1995	NUM
ger-561	171	29	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	171	30	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	172	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	172	2	pathway	pathway	NOUN
ger-561	172	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	172	4	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	172	5	gillies	gillie	NOUN
ger-561	172	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	172	7	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	172	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	172	9	envisioning	envision	VERB
ger-561	172	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	172	11	researchbased	researchbase	VERB
ger-561	172	12	curricular	curricular	ADJ
ger-561	172	13	sequence	sequence	NOUN
ger-561	172	14	from	from	ADP
ger-561	172	15	preschool	preschool	NOUN
ger-561	172	16	through	through	ADP
ger-561	172	17	upper	upper	ADJ
ger-561	172	18	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	172	19	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	172	20	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	172	21	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	172	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	172	23	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	172	24	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	172	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	172	26	i	i	PRON
ger-561	172	27	propose	propose	VERB
ger-561	172	28	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	172	29	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	172	30	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	172	31	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	172	32	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	172	33	would	would	AUX
ger-561	172	34	truly	truly	ADV
ger-561	172	35	understand	understand	VERB
ger-561	172	36	their	their	PRON
ger-561	172	37	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	172	38	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	172	39	be	be	AUX
ger-561	172	40	able	able	ADJ
ger-561	172	41	to	to	PART
ger-561	172	42	write	write	VERB
ger-561	172	43	comprehensible	comprehensible	ADJ
ger-561	172	44	essays	essay	NOUN
ger-561	172	45	in	in	ADP
ger-561	172	46	the	the	DET
ger-561	172	47	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	172	48	of	of	ADP
ger-561	172	49	their	their	PRON
ger-561	172	50	countries	country	NOUN
ger-561	172	51	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	172	52	given	give	VERB
ger-561	172	53	enough	enough	ADJ
ger-561	172	54	exposure	exposure	NOUN
ger-561	172	55	to	to	ADP
ger-561	172	56	these	these	DET
ger-561	172	57	three	three	NUM
ger-561	172	58	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	172	59	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	172	60	based	base	VERB
ger-561	172	61	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ger-561	172	62	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	172	63	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	172	64	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	172	65	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	172	66	sets	set	NOUN
ger-561	172	67	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	172	68	the	the	DET
ger-561	172	69	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	172	70	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	172	71	listed	list	VERB
ger-561	172	72	in	in	ADP
ger-561	172	73	table	table	NOUN
ger-561	172	74	1	1	NUM
ger-561	172	75	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	173	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	173	2	hoped	hope	VERB
ger-561	173	3	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	173	4	for	for	ADP
ger-561	173	5	result	result	NOUN
ger-561	173	6	would	would	AUX
ger-561	173	7	be	be	AUX
ger-561	173	8	lasting	last	VERB
ger-561	173	9	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	173	10	to	to	ADP
ger-561	173	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	173	12	trends	trend	NOUN
ger-561	173	13	described	describe	VERB
ger-561	173	14	earlier	early	ADV
ger-561	173	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	173	16	resulting	result	VERB
ger-561	173	17	in	in	ADP
ger-561	173	18	greater	great	ADJ
ger-561	173	19	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	173	20	in	in	ADP
ger-561	173	21	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	173	22	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	173	23	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	173	24	institutions	institution	NOUN
ger-561	173	25	of	of	ADP
ger-561	173	26	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	173	27	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	173	28	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	174	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	174	2	harder	hard	ADJ
ger-561	174	3	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	174	4	to	to	ADP
ger-561	174	5	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	174	6	measure	measure	NOUN
ger-561	174	7	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	174	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	174	9	equal	equal	ADJ
ger-561	174	10	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	174	11	to	to	ADP
ger-561	174	12	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	174	13	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	174	14	for	for	ADP
ger-561	174	15	young	young	ADJ
ger-561	174	16	representatives	representative	NOUN
ger-561	174	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	174	18	thousands	thousand	NOUN
ger-561	174	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	174	20	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	174	21	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	174	22	communities	community	NOUN
ger-561	174	23	just	just	ADV
ger-561	174	24	might	might	AUX
ger-561	174	25	also	also	ADV
ger-561	174	26	enable	enable	VERB
ger-561	174	27	those	those	DET
ger-561	174	28	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	174	29	communities	community	NOUN
ger-561	174	30	to	to	PART
ger-561	174	31	use	use	VERB
ger-561	174	32	their	their	PRON
ger-561	174	33	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	174	34	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	174	35	cultures	culture	NOUN
ger-561	174	36	to	to	PART
ger-561	174	37	support	support	VERB
ger-561	174	38	their	their	PRON
ger-561	174	39	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	174	40	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	174	41	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	174	42	goals	goal	NOUN
ger-561	174	43	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	174	44	making	make	VERB
ger-561	174	45	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ger-561	174	46	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ger-561	174	47	alleviation	alleviation	NOUN
ger-561	174	48	possible	possible	ADJ
ger-561	174	49	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	175	1	4	4	NUM
ger-561	175	2	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	175	3	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	175	4	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	175	5	7	7	NUM
ger-561	175	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	175	7	3	3	NUM
ger-561	175	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	175	9	table	table	NOUN
ger-561	175	10	1	1	NUM
ger-561	175	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	175	12	big	big	ADJ
ger-561	175	13	picture	picture	NOUN
ger-561	175	14	project	project	NOUN
ger-561	175	15	description	description	NOUN
ger-561	175	16	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	175	17	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	175	18	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	175	19	indicators	indicator	NOUN
ger-561	175	20	sources	source	NOUN
ger-561	175	21	of	of	ADP
ger-561	175	22	verification	verification	NOUN
ger-561	175	23	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	175	24	overall	overall	ADJ
ger-561	175	25	objective	objective	NOUN
ger-561	175	26	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	175	27	a	a	DET
ger-561	175	28	pathway	pathway	NOUN
ger-561	175	29	to	to	PART
ger-561	175	30	develop	develop	VERB
ger-561	175	31	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	175	32	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	175	33	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	175	34	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	175	35	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	175	36	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	175	37	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	175	38	they	they	PRON
ger-561	175	39	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	175	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	176	1	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	176	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	176	3	use	use	VERB
ger-561	176	4	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	176	5	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	176	6	well	well	ADV
ger-561	176	7	once	once	SCONJ
ger-561	176	8	they	they	PRON
ger-561	176	9	begin	begin	VERB
ger-561	176	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	176	11	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	176	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	177	1	countrywide	countrywide	NOUN
ger-561	177	2	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	177	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	177	4	regional	regional	ADJ
ger-561	177	5	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	177	6	exam	exam	NOUN
ger-561	177	7	averages	average	NOUN
ger-561	177	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	177	9	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	177	10	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	177	11	entrance	entrance	NOUN
ger-561	177	12	stats	stat	NOUN
ger-561	177	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	177	14	registration	registration	NOUN
ger-561	177	15	for	for	ADP
ger-561	177	16	colleges	college	NOUN
ger-561	177	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	177	18	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	177	19	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	177	20	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	177	21	institutions	institution	NOUN
ger-561	177	22	at	at	ADP
ger-561	177	23	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	177	24	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	177	25	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	177	26	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	177	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	177	28	unesco	unesco	PROPN
ger-561	177	29	data	data	PROPN
ger-561	177	30	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	177	31	internationally	internationally	ADV
ger-561	177	32	accepted	accept	VERB
ger-561	177	33	exams	exam	NOUN
ger-561	177	34	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	177	35	political	political	ADJ
ger-561	177	36	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	177	37	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	177	38	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
ger-561	177	39	will	will	AUX
ger-561	177	40	commit	commit	VERB
ger-561	177	41	to	to	ADP
ger-561	177	42	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	177	43	strategically	strategically	ADV
ger-561	177	44	support	support	VERB
ger-561	177	45	these	these	DET
ger-561	177	46	changes	change	NOUN
ger-561	177	47	which	which	PRON
ger-561	177	48	involve	involve	VERB
ger-561	177	49	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
ger-561	177	50	in	in	ADP
ger-561	177	51	multiple	multiple	ADJ
ger-561	177	52	levels	level	NOUN
ger-561	177	53	of	of	ADP
ger-561	177	54	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	177	55	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	177	56	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	177	57	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	177	58	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	177	59	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	177	60	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	177	61	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	178	1	purpose	purpose	NOUN
ger-561	178	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	178	3	all	all	DET
ger-561	178	4	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	178	5	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	178	6	can	can	AUX
ger-561	178	7	access	access	VERB
ger-561	178	8	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	178	9	via	via	ADP
ger-561	178	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	178	11	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	178	12	they	they	PRON
ger-561	178	13	speak	speak	VERB
ger-561	178	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	178	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	178	16	read	read	VERB
ger-561	178	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	178	18	fluently	fluently	ADV
ger-561	178	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	179	1	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	179	2	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	179	3	17	17	NUM
ger-561	179	4	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	179	5	all	all	DET
ger-561	179	6	subjects	subject	NOUN
ger-561	179	7	via	via	ADP
ger-561	179	8	their	their	PRON
ger-561	179	9	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	179	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	180	1	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	180	2	grade	grade	VERB
ger-561	180	3	17	17	NUM
ger-561	180	4	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	180	5	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	180	6	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	180	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	181	1	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	181	2	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	181	3	8	8	NUM
ger-561	181	4	transition	transition	NOUN
ger-561	181	5	to	to	ADP
ger-561	181	6	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	181	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	181	8	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	181	9	via	via	ADP
ger-561	181	10	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	181	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	182	1	see	see	VERB
ger-561	182	2	three	three	NUM
ger-561	182	3	charts	chart	NOUN
ger-561	182	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	182	5	phases	phase	NOUN
ger-561	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	182	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	182	8	figures	figure	NOUN
ger-561	182	9	4	4	NUM
ger-561	182	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	182	11	5	5	NUM
ger-561	182	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	182	13	8	8	NUM
ger-561	182	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	183	1	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	183	2	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ger-561	183	3	scores	score	NOUN
ger-561	183	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	183	5	learner	learner	NOUN
ger-561	183	6	cohorts	cohort	NOUN
ger-561	183	7	completing	complete	VERB
ger-561	183	8	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	183	9	1	1	NUM
ger-561	183	10	-	-	SYM
ger-561	183	11	7	7	NUM
ger-561	183	12	+2	+2	PROPN
ger-561	183	13	weeks	week	NOUN
ger-561	183	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	183	15	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	183	16	8	8	NUM
ger-561	183	17	are	be	AUX
ger-561	183	18	significantly	significantly	ADV
ger-561	183	19	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	183	20	than	than	ADP
ger-561	183	21	average	average	ADJ
ger-561	183	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	184	1	at	at	ADP
ger-561	184	2	end	end	NOUN
ger-561	184	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	184	4	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	184	5	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	184	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	184	7	average	average	ADJ
ger-561	184	8	scores	score	NOUN
ger-561	184	9	on	on	ADP
ger-561	184	10	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	184	11	exams	exam	NOUN
ger-561	184	12	show	show	VERB
ger-561	184	13	significant	significant	ADJ
ger-561	184	14	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ger-561	184	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	185	1	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	185	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	185	3	raised	raise	VERB
ger-561	185	4	exam	exam	NOUN
ger-561	185	5	scores	score	NOUN
ger-561	185	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	185	7	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
ger-561	185	8	into	into	ADP
ger-561	185	9	institutions	institution	NOUN
ger-561	185	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	185	11	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	185	12	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	185	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	185	14	raised	raise	VERB
ger-561	185	15	employment	employment	NOUN
ger-561	185	16	figures	figure	NOUN
ger-561	185	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	186	1	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	186	2	progress	progress	VERB
ger-561	186	3	through	through	ADP
ger-561	186	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	186	5	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	186	6	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	186	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	186	8	displaying	display	VERB
ger-561	186	9	superior	superior	ADJ
ger-561	186	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ger-561	186	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	186	12	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	186	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	186	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
ger-561	186	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	186	16	ksas	ksa	NOUN
ger-561	186	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	186	18	for	for	ADP
ger-561	186	19	all	all	DET
ger-561	186	20	subjects	subject	NOUN
ger-561	186	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	186	22	including	include	VERB
ger-561	186	23	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	186	24	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	186	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	187	1	see	see	VERB
ger-561	187	2	objectives	objective	NOUN
ger-561	187	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	187	4	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	187	5	for	for	ADP
ger-561	187	6	each	each	DET
ger-561	187	7	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	187	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	187	9	support	support	VERB
ger-561	187	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	187	11	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	187	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	187	13	parents	parent	NOUN
ger-561	187	14	support	support	VERB
ger-561	187	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	187	16	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	187	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	187	18	politicians	politician	NOUN
ger-561	187	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	187	20	ministries	ministry	NOUN
ger-561	187	21	of	of	ADP
ger-561	187	22	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	187	23	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	187	24	moes	moe	NOUN
ger-561	187	25	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	187	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	187	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	187	28	unions	union	NOUN
ger-561	187	29	support	support	VERB
ger-561	187	30	the	the	DET
ger-561	187	31	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	187	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	188	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	188	2	author	author	NOUN
ger-561	188	3	will	will	AUX
ger-561	188	4	show	show	VERB
ger-561	188	5	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	188	6	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	188	7	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	188	8	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	188	9	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	188	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	188	11	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	188	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	188	13	is	be	AUX
ger-561	188	14	currently	currently	ADV
ger-561	188	15	minimally	minimally	ADV
ger-561	188	16	used	use	VERB
ger-561	188	17	to	to	PART
ger-561	188	18	develop	develop	VERB
ger-561	188	19	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	188	20	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	188	21	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	188	22	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	188	23	communicative	communicative	ADJ
ger-561	188	24	abilities	ability	NOUN
ger-561	188	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	188	26	including	include	VERB
ger-561	188	27	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	188	28	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	189	1	while	while	SCONJ
ger-561	189	2	normal	normal	ADJ
ger-561	189	3	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
ger-561	189	4	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	189	5	takes	take	VERB
ger-561	189	6	place	place	NOUN
ger-561	189	7	through	through	ADP
ger-561	189	8	a	a	DET
ger-561	189	9	child	child	NOUN
ger-561	189	10	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	189	11	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	189	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	189	13	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	189	14	that	that	DET
ger-561	189	15	process	process	NOUN
ger-561	189	16	is	be	AUX
ger-561	189	17	suppressed	suppress	VERB
ger-561	189	18	daily	daily	ADV
ger-561	189	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	189	20	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	189	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	189	22	even	even	ADV
ger-561	189	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	189	24	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	189	25	to	to	PART
ger-561	189	26	acquire	acquire	VERB
ger-561	189	27	an	an	DET
ger-561	189	28	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	189	29	suffers	suffer	NOUN
ger-561	189	30	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	189	31	that	that	DET
ger-561	189	32	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	189	33	has	have	AUX
ger-561	189	34	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	189	35	been	be	AUX
ger-561	189	36	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	189	37	enough	enough	ADV
ger-561	189	38	to	to	PART
ger-561	189	39	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
ger-561	189	40	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	189	41	communication	communication	NOUN
ger-561	189	42	via	via	ADP
ger-561	189	43	a	a	DET
ger-561	189	44	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	189	45	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	189	46	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ
ger-561	189	47	one	one	NUM
ger-561	189	48	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	189	49	milligan	milligan	NOUN
ger-561	189	50	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	189	51	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	189	52	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	189	53	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	190	1	third	third	ADJ
ger-561	190	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	190	3	even	even	ADV
ger-561	190	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	190	5	those	those	DET
ger-561	190	6	coveted	covet	VERB
ger-561	190	7	l2s	l2s	PROPN
ger-561	190	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	190	9	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	190	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	190	11	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	190	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	190	13	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	190	14	is	be	AUX
ger-561	190	15	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	190	16	really	really	ADV
ger-561	190	17	mastered	master	VERB
ger-561	190	18	by	by	ADP
ger-561	190	19	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	190	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	190	21	despite	despite	SCONJ
ger-561	190	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	190	23	fact	fact	NOUN
ger-561	190	24	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	190	25	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	190	26	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	190	27	are	be	AUX
ger-561	190	28	usually	usually	ADV
ger-561	190	29	the	the	DET
ger-561	190	30	only	only	ADJ
ger-561	190	31	ones	one	NOUN
ger-561	190	32	used	use	VERB
ger-561	190	33	in	in	ADP
ger-561	190	34	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	190	35	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	191	1	when	when	SCONJ
ger-561	191	2	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	191	3	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	191	4	reach	reach	VERB
ger-561	191	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	191	6	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	191	7	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	191	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	191	9	few	few	ADJ
ger-561	191	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	191	11	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	191	12	1	1	NUM
ger-561	191	13	-	-	SYM
ger-561	191	14	6	6	NUM
ger-561	191	15	can	can	AUX
ger-561	191	16	decode	decode	VERB
ger-561	191	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	191	18	comprehend	comprehend	VERB
ger-561	191	19	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	192	1	well	well	INTJ
ger-561	192	2	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	192	3	walter	walter	NOUN
ger-561	192	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	192	5	2007	2007	NUM
ger-561	192	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	192	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	193	1	this	this	PRON
ger-561	193	2	means	mean	VERB
ger-561	193	3	they	they	PRON
ger-561	193	4	are	be	AUX
ger-561	193	5	unprepared	unprepared	ADJ
ger-561	193	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	193	7	use	use	VERB
ger-561	193	8	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	193	9	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	193	10	for	for	ADP
ger-561	193	11	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	193	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	193	13	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	193	14	indicated	indicate	VERB
ger-561	193	15	by	by	ADP
ger-561	193	16	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	193	17	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	193	18	between	between	ADP
ger-561	193	19	3040	3040	NUM
ger-561	193	20	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	193	21	by	by	ADP
ger-561	193	22	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	193	23	5	5	NUM
ger-561	193	24	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	193	25	6	6	NUM
ger-561	193	26	.	.	X
ger-561	194	1	trudell	trudell	PROPN
ger-561	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	194	3	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	194	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	194	5	mercado	mercado	PROPN
ger-561	194	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	194	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	194	8	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	194	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	194	10	examined	examine	VERB
ger-561	194	11	twenty	twenty	NUM
ger-561	194	12	five	five	NUM
ger-561	194	13	countries	country	NOUN
ger-561	194	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	194	15	only	only	ADV
ger-561	194	16	to	to	PART
ger-561	194	17	find	find	VERB
ger-561	194	18	four	four	NUM
ger-561	194	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	194	20	which	which	PRON
ger-561	194	21	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	194	22	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	194	23	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	194	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	194	25	mle	mle	NOUN
ger-561	194	26	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	194	27	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	194	28	had	have	VERB
ger-561	194	29	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ger-561	194	30	power	power	NOUN
ger-561	194	31	to	to	PART
ger-561	194	32	produce	produce	VERB
ger-561	194	33	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	194	34	who	who	PRON
ger-561	194	35	could	could	AUX
ger-561	194	36	leverage	leverage	VERB
ger-561	194	37	their	their	PRON
ger-561	194	38	biliteracy	biliteracy	NOUN
ger-561	194	39	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	194	40	to	to	PART
ger-561	194	41	succeed	succeed	VERB
ger-561	194	42	academically	academically	ADV
ger-561	194	43	in	in	ADP
ger-561	194	44	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	194	45	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	194	46	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	194	47	to	to	PART
ger-561	194	48	enter	enter	VERB
ger-561	194	49	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	194	50	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	195	1	of	of	ADP
ger-561	195	2	those	those	DET
ger-561	195	3	four	four	NUM
ger-561	195	4	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	195	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	195	6	only	only	ADV
ger-561	195	7	one	one	NUM
ger-561	195	8	continues	continue	VERB
ger-561	195	9	to	to	PART
ger-561	195	10	be	be	AUX
ger-561	195	11	supported	support	VERB
ger-561	195	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	195	13	implemented	implement	VERB
ger-561	195	14	today	today	NOUN
ger-561	195	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	195	16	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	195	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	195	18	aaron	aaron	PROPN
ger-561	195	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	195	20	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	195	21	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	195	22	bender	bender	NOUN
ger-561	195	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	195	24	personal	personal	ADJ
ger-561	195	25	comment	comment	NOUN
ger-561	195	26	with	with	ADP
ger-561	195	27	permission	permission	NOUN
ger-561	195	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	195	29	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	195	30	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	195	31	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	195	32	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	195	33	skutnabb	skutnabb	PROPN
ger-561	195	34	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	195	35	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	195	36	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	195	37	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	195	38	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	195	39	ilboudo	ilboudo	NOUN
ger-561	195	40	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	195	41	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	195	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	195	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	196	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	196	2	looked	look	VERB
ger-561	196	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	196	4	factors	factor	NOUN
ger-561	196	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	196	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	196	7	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	196	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	196	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	196	10	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
ger-561	196	11	four	four	NUM
ger-561	196	12	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	196	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	197	1	factors	factor	NOUN
ger-561	197	2	they	they	PRON
ger-561	197	3	were	be	AUX
ger-561	197	4	able	able	ADJ
ger-561	197	5	to	to	PART
ger-561	197	6	identify	identify	VERB
ger-561	197	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	197	8	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	197	9	were	be	AUX
ger-561	197	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	11	a	a	X
ger-561	197	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	13	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	197	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	197	15	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	197	16	via	via	ADP
ger-561	197	17	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	197	18	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	20	b	b	X
ger-561	197	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	22	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	197	23	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	197	24	for	for	ADP
ger-561	197	25	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	197	26	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	27	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	28	c	c	X
ger-561	197	29	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	30	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ger-561	197	31	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	197	32	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	197	33	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	34	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	35	d	d	X
ger-561	197	36	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	37	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	197	38	of	of	ADP
ger-561	197	39	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	197	40	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	197	41	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	197	42	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	197	43	across	across	ADP
ger-561	197	44	the	the	DET
ger-561	197	45	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	197	46	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	197	47	except	except	SCONJ
ger-561	197	48	for	for	ADP
ger-561	197	49	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	197	50	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	197	51	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	197	52	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	53	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	54	e	e	NOUN
ger-561	197	55	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	56	delay	delay	NOUN
ger-561	197	57	of	of	ADP
ger-561	197	58	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	197	59	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	197	60	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	197	61	until	until	SCONJ
ger-561	197	62	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	197	63	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	197	64	is	be	AUX
ger-561	197	65	established	establish	VERB
ger-561	197	66	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	67	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	68	f	f	X
ger-561	197	69	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	70	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ger-561	197	71	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	197	72	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	197	73	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	197	74	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	197	75	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	76	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	77	g	g	NOUN
ger-561	197	78	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	79	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	197	80	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	197	81	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	197	82	systematically	systematically	ADV
ger-561	197	83	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	197	84	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	197	85	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	197	86	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	197	87	h	h	NOUN
ger-561	197	88	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	197	89	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	197	90	as	as	ADP
ger-561	197	91	an	an	DET
ger-561	197	92	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	197	93	the	the	DET
ger-561	197	94	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	197	95	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	197	96	5	5	NUM
ger-561	197	97	examinable	examinable	ADJ
ger-561	197	98	subject	subject	NOUN
ger-561	197	99	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	198	1	one	one	NUM
ger-561	198	2	singular	singular	ADJ
ger-561	198	3	factor	factor	NOUN
ger-561	198	4	was	be	AUX
ger-561	198	5	present	present	ADJ
ger-561	198	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	198	7	all	all	PRON
ger-561	198	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	198	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	198	10	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	198	11	with	with	ADP
ger-561	198	12	successful	successful	ADJ
ger-561	198	13	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	198	14	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	198	15	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	198	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	198	17	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	198	18	number	number	NOUN
ger-561	198	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	198	20	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	198	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	198	22	i.e.	i.e.	X
ger-561	198	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	198	24	6	6	NUM
ger-561	198	25	-	-	SYM
ger-561	198	26	8)	8)	NUM
ger-561	198	27	with	with	ADP
ger-561	198	28	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	198	29	as	as	ADP
ger-561	198	30	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	198	31	of	of	ADP
ger-561	198	32	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	198	33	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	198	34	trudell	trudell	INTJ
ger-561	198	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	198	36	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	198	37	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	198	38	mercado	mercado	PROPN
ger-561	198	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	198	40	in	in	ADP
ger-561	198	41	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	198	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	198	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	199	1	they	they	PRON
ger-561	199	2	also	also	ADV
ger-561	199	3	identified	identify	VERB
ger-561	199	4	five	five	NUM
ger-561	199	5	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	199	6	less	less	ADV
ger-561	199	7	successful	successful	ADJ
ger-561	199	8	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	199	9	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	199	10	for	for	ADP
ger-561	199	11	similar	similar	ADJ
ger-561	199	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ger-561	199	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	200	1	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	200	2	were	be	AUX
ger-561	200	3	missing	miss	VERB
ger-561	200	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	200	5	features	feature	NOUN
ger-561	200	6	identified	identify	VERB
ger-561	200	7	above	above	ADV
ger-561	200	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	201	1	common	common	ADJ
ger-561	201	2	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
ger-561	201	3	identified	identify	VERB
ger-561	201	4	by	by	ADP
ger-561	201	5	data	datum	NOUN
ger-561	201	6	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	201	7	gatherers	gatherer	NOUN
ger-561	201	8	across	across	ADP
ger-561	201	9	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	201	10	were	be	AUX
ger-561	201	11	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
ger-561	201	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	201	13	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ger-561	201	14	for	for	ADP
ger-561	201	15	mle	mle	PROPN
ger-561	201	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	201	17	fafunwa	fafunwa	PROPN
ger-561	201	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	201	19	1978	1978	NUM
ger-561	201	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	201	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	201	22	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	201	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	201	24	esl	esl	PROPN
ger-561	201	25	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	201	26	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	201	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	201	28	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	201	29	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	201	30	of	of	ADP
ger-561	201	31	government	government	NOUN
ger-561	201	32	support	support	NOUN
ger-561	201	33	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	201	34	trudell	trudell	INTJ
ger-561	201	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	201	36	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	201	37	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	201	38	mercado	mercado	PROPN
ger-561	201	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	201	40	in	in	ADP
ger-561	201	41	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	201	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	201	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	202	1	this	this	DET
ger-561	202	2	paper	paper	NOUN
ger-561	202	3	follows	follow	VERB
ger-561	202	4	those	those	DET
ger-561	202	5	findings	finding	NOUN
ger-561	202	6	with	with	ADP
ger-561	202	7	three	three	NUM
ger-561	202	8	causal	causal	ADJ
ger-561	202	9	questions	question	NOUN
ger-561	202	10	regarding	regard	VERB
ger-561	202	11	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	202	12	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	202	13	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	202	14	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	202	15	/	/	SYM
ger-561	202	16	failure	failure	NOUN
ger-561	202	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	202	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	202	19	proposes	propose	VERB
ger-561	202	20	a	a	DET
ger-561	202	21	series	series	NOUN
ger-561	202	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	202	23	solutions	solution	NOUN
ger-561	202	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	203	1	all	all	DET
ger-561	203	2	revolve	revolve	NOUN
ger-561	203	3	around	around	ADP
ger-561	203	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	203	5	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	203	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	203	7	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	203	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	203	9	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	203	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	204	1	1	1	X
ger-561	204	2	.	.	X
ger-561	204	3	why	why	SCONJ
ger-561	204	4	is	be	AUX
ger-561	204	5	n’t	n’t	ADJ
ger-561	204	6	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	204	7	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	204	8	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	204	9	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	204	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	204	11	giving	giving	NOUN
ger-561	204	12	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	204	13	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	204	14	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	204	15	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	204	16	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	204	17	in	in	ADP
ger-561	204	18	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	204	19	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	205	1	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	205	2	1.1	1.1	NUM
ger-561	205	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	205	4	minimal	minimal	ADJ
ger-561	205	5	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	205	6	given	give	VERB
ger-561	205	7	to	to	ADP
ger-561	205	8	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	205	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	205	10	across	across	ADP
ger-561	205	11	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	205	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	205	13	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	205	14	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	205	15	saharan	saharan	ADJ
ger-561	205	16	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	205	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	18	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	205	19	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	205	20	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	205	21	is	be	AUX
ger-561	205	22	taught	teach	VERB
ger-561	205	23	at	at	ADV
ger-561	205	24	all	all	ADV
ger-561	205	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	26	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	205	27	are	be	AUX
ger-561	205	28	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	205	29	getting	get	VERB
ger-561	205	30	enough	enough	ADJ
ger-561	205	31	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	205	32	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	205	33	to	to	PART
ger-561	205	34	use	use	VERB
ger-561	205	35	it	it	PRON
ger-561	205	36	for	for	ADP
ger-561	205	37	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	205	38	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	205	39	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	205	40	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	41	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	205	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	205	43	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	44	for	for	ADP
ger-561	205	45	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	205	46	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	205	47	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	205	48	selfexpression	selfexpression	NOUN
ger-561	205	49	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	50	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	205	51	to	to	PART
ger-561	205	52	gain	gain	VERB
ger-561	205	53	true	true	ADJ
ger-561	205	54	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	205	55	lasting	last	VERB
ger-561	205	56	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	205	57	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	205	58	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	205	59	of	of	ADP
ger-561	205	60	texts	text	NOUN
ger-561	205	61	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	62	even	even	ADV
ger-561	205	63	though	though	SCONJ
ger-561	205	64	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	205	65	firstlanguage	firstlanguage	NOUN
ger-561	205	66	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	205	67	is	be	AUX
ger-561	205	68	essential	essential	ADJ
ger-561	205	69	to	to	ADP
ger-561	205	70	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	205	71	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	205	72	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	205	73	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	205	74	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	205	75	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	205	76	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	205	77	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	205	78	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	205	79	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	206	1	local	local	ADJ
ger-561	206	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	206	3	institutional	institutional	ADJ
ger-561	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	206	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	206	6	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ger-561	206	7	support	support	NOUN
ger-561	206	8	for	for	ADP
ger-561	206	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	206	10	above	above	ADJ
ger-561	206	11	is	be	AUX
ger-561	206	12	needed	need	VERB
ger-561	206	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	207	1	immediate	immediate	ADJ
ger-561	207	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	207	3	extended	extended	ADJ
ger-561	207	4	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	207	5	include	include	VERB
ger-561	207	6	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	207	7	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	207	8	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	207	9	well	well	ADV
ger-561	207	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	207	11	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	207	12	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	207	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	207	14	communicating	communicate	VERB
ger-561	207	15	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	207	16	area	area	NOUN
ger-561	207	17	concepts	concept	NOUN
ger-561	207	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	207	19	vocabulary	vocabulary	VERB
ger-561	207	20	via	via	ADP
ger-561	207	21	their	their	PRON
ger-561	207	22	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	207	23	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	207	24	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	207	25	their	their	PRON
ger-561	207	26	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	207	27	is	be	AUX
ger-561	207	28	not	not	PART
ger-561	207	29	linguistically	linguistically	ADV
ger-561	207	30	impeded	impede	VERB
ger-561	207	31	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	207	32	facilitated	facilitated	ADJ
ger-561	207	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	208	1	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	208	2	1	1	NUM
ger-561	208	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	208	4	an	an	DET
ger-561	208	5	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ger-561	208	6	should	should	AUX
ger-561	208	7	involve	involve	VERB
ger-561	208	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	208	9	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	208	10	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	208	11	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	208	12	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ger-561	208	13	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	208	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	208	15	see	see	VERB
ger-561	208	16	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	208	17	4	4	NUM
ger-561	208	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	208	19	which	which	PRON
ger-561	208	20	depicts	depict	VERB
ger-561	208	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	208	22	sequences	sequence	NOUN
ger-561	208	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	208	24	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	208	25	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	208	26	their	their	PRON
ger-561	208	27	expected	expect	VERB
ger-561	208	28	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	208	29	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	208	30	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	209	1	figure	figure	VERB
ger-561	209	2	4	4	NUM
ger-561	209	3	solution	solution	NOUN
ger-561	209	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	209	5	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	209	6	1	1	NUM
ger-561	209	7	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	209	8	1	1	NUM
ger-561	209	9	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	209	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	209	11	•	•	NUM
ger-561	209	12	preschool	preschool	ADJ
ger-561	209	13	pre	pre	ADJ
ger-561	209	14	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	209	15	reading	reading	ADJ
ger-561	209	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	209	17	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	209	18	in	in	ADP
ger-561	209	19	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	209	20	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	209	21	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	209	22	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	209	23	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	209	24	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	209	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	209	26	alongside	alongside	ADP
ger-561	209	27	•	•	NUM
ger-561	209	28	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	209	29	of	of	ADP
ger-561	209	30	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	209	31	as	as	ADP
ger-561	209	32	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	209	33	of	of	ADP
ger-561	209	34	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	209	35	for	for	ADP
ger-561	209	36	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	209	37	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ger-561	209	38	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	209	39	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	209	40	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	209	41	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	209	42	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	209	43	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	209	44	•	•	NOUN
ger-561	209	45	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	209	46	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ger-561	209	47	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	209	48	for	for	ADP
ger-561	209	49	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	209	50	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	209	51	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	209	52	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	209	53	•	•	NUM
ger-561	209	54	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	209	55	textbook	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	209	56	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	209	57	for	for	ADP
ger-561	209	58	subjects	subject	NOUN
ger-561	209	59	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	209	60	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	209	61	1	1	NUM
ger-561	209	62	-	-	SYM
ger-561	209	63	7	7	NUM
ger-561	209	64	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	209	65	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	209	66	#	#	SYM
ger-561	209	67	1.1	1.1	NUM
ger-561	209	68	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	210	1	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	210	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	210	3	researchbased	researchbase	VERB
ger-561	210	4	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	210	5	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
ger-561	210	6	are	be	AUX
ger-561	210	7	already	already	ADV
ger-561	210	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	210	9	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	210	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	210	11	some	some	DET
ger-561	210	12	places	place	NOUN
ger-561	210	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	210	14	can	can	AUX
ger-561	210	15	be	be	AUX
ger-561	210	16	applied	apply	VERB
ger-561	210	17	consistently	consistently	ADV
ger-561	210	18	to	to	ADP
ger-561	210	19	this	this	DET
ger-561	210	20	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	210	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	210	22	so	so	ADV
ger-561	210	23	essential	essential	ADJ
ger-561	210	24	components	component	NOUN
ger-561	210	25	of	of	ADP
ger-561	210	26	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	210	27	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	210	28	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	210	29	are	be	AUX
ger-561	210	30	present	present	ADJ
ger-561	210	31	from	from	ADP
ger-561	210	32	pre	pre	ADJ
ger-561	210	33	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	210	34	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	210	35	onward	onward	NOUN
ger-561	210	36	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	211	1	the	the	PRON
ger-561	211	2	most	most	ADV
ger-561	211	3	effective	effective	ADJ
ger-561	211	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	211	5	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	211	6	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	211	7	based	base	VERB
ger-561	211	8	approaches	approach	NOUN
ger-561	211	9	must	must	AUX
ger-561	211	10	be	be	AUX
ger-561	211	11	applied	apply	VERB
ger-561	211	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	211	13	this	this	DET
ger-561	211	14	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	211	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	212	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	212	2	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	212	3	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	212	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	212	5	either	either	CCONJ
ger-561	212	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	212	7	alphabetic	alphabetic	ADJ
ger-561	212	8	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	212	9	alphasyllabic	alphasyllabic	ADJ
ger-561	212	10	scripts	script	NOUN
ger-561	212	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	212	12	must	must	AUX
ger-561	212	13	be	be	AUX
ger-561	212	14	taught	teach	VERB
ger-561	212	15	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	212	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	17	a	a	X
ger-561	212	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	19	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	212	20	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	212	21	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	22	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	23	b	b	X
ger-561	212	24	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	25	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	212	26	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	212	27	grapheme	grapheme	NOUN
ger-561	212	28	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	212	29	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	30	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	31	c	c	X
ger-561	212	32	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	33	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	212	34	of	of	ADP
ger-561	212	35	all	all	DET
ger-561	212	36	taught	taught	ADJ
ger-561	212	37	letters	letter	NOUN
ger-561	212	38	/	/	SYM
ger-561	212	39	graphemes	grapheme	VERB
ger-561	212	40	6	6	NUM
ger-561	212	41	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	212	42	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	212	43	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	212	44	7	7	NUM
ger-561	212	45	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	46	3	3	NUM
ger-561	212	47	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	48	within	within	ADP
ger-561	212	49	the	the	DET
ger-561	212	50	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	212	51	of	of	ADP
ger-561	212	52	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	212	53	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	212	54	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	212	55	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	212	56	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	57	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	58	d	d	X
ger-561	212	59	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	60	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	212	61	to	to	PART
ger-561	212	62	identify	identify	VERB
ger-561	212	63	those	those	DET
ger-561	212	64	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	212	65	within	within	ADP
ger-561	212	66	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	212	67	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	212	68	blending	blend	VERB
ger-561	212	69	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	212	70	left	leave	VERB
ger-561	212	71	to	to	ADP
ger-561	212	72	right	right	NOUN
ger-561	212	73	for	for	ADP
ger-561	212	74	quick	quick	ADJ
ger-561	212	75	whole	whole	ADJ
ger-561	212	76	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	212	77	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	212	78	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	79	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	80	e	e	X
ger-561	212	81	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	82	various	various	ADJ
ger-561	212	83	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	212	84	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	212	85	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	86	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	87	f	f	X
ger-561	212	88	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	89	various	various	ADJ
ger-561	212	90	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	212	91	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	212	92	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	93	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	94	g	g	NOUN
ger-561	212	95	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	96	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	212	97	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	212	98	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	212	99	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	212	100	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	101	h	h	NOUN
ger-561	212	102	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	103	age	age	NOUN
ger-561	212	104	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	212	105	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ger-561	212	106	creative	creative	ADJ
ger-561	212	107	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	212	108	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	212	109	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	212	110	seymour	seymour	ADJ
ger-561	212	111	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	212	112	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	212	113	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	212	114	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	213	1	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	213	2	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	213	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	213	4	should	should	AUX
ger-561	213	5	guide	guide	VERB
ger-561	213	6	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	213	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	213	8	recognize	recognize	VERB
ger-561	213	9	chunks	chunk	NOUN
ger-561	213	10	larger	large	ADJ
ger-561	213	11	than	than	ADP
ger-561	213	12	individual	individual	ADJ
ger-561	213	13	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	213	14	/	/	SYM
ger-561	213	15	graphemes	grapheme	NOUN
ger-561	213	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	213	17	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	213	18	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	213	19	has	have	AUX
ger-561	213	20	substantiated	substantiate	VERB
ger-561	213	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	213	22	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ger-561	213	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	213	24	syllable	syllable	ADJ
ger-561	213	25	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	213	26	for	for	ADP
ger-561	213	27	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	213	28	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	213	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	214	1	this	this	PRON
ger-561	214	2	certainly	certainly	ADV
ger-561	214	3	applies	apply	VERB
ger-561	214	4	to	to	ADP
ger-561	214	5	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	214	6	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	214	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	214	8	often	often	ADV
ger-561	214	9	having	have	VERB
ger-561	214	10	metered	meter	VERB
ger-561	214	11	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	214	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	214	13	distinctly	distinctly	ADV
ger-561	214	14	enunciated	enunciate	VERB
ger-561	214	15	vowels	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	214	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	215	1	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	215	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	215	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	215	4	larger	large	ADJ
ger-561	215	5	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	215	6	grain	grain	NOUN
ger-561	215	7	size	size	NOUN
ger-561	215	8	than	than	SCONJ
ger-561	215	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	215	10	single	single	ADJ
ger-561	215	11	letter	letter	NOUN
ger-561	215	12	will	will	AUX
ger-561	215	13	later	later	ADV
ger-561	215	14	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
ger-561	215	15	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	215	16	to	to	ADP
ger-561	215	17	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	215	18	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	215	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	215	20	with	with	ADP
ger-561	215	21	european	european	ADJ
ger-561	215	22	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	215	23	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	215	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	215	25	fender	fender	NOUN
ger-561	215	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	215	27	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	215	28	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	215	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	216	1	these	these	DET
ger-561	216	2	inputs	input	NOUN
ger-561	216	3	can	can	AUX
ger-561	216	4	significantly	significantly	ADV
ger-561	216	5	affect	affect	VERB
ger-561	216	6	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	216	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	216	8	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	216	9	in	in	ADP
ger-561	216	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	216	11	final	final	ADJ
ger-561	216	12	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	216	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	216	14	this	this	DET
ger-561	216	15	plan	plan	NOUN
ger-561	216	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	217	1	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	217	2	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	217	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	217	4	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	217	5	as	as	ADP
ger-561	217	6	pronounceable	pronounceable	ADJ
ger-561	217	7	chunks	chunk	NOUN
ger-561	217	8	can	can	AUX
ger-561	217	9	benefit	benefit	VERB
ger-561	217	10	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	217	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	217	12	significantly	significantly	ADV
ger-561	217	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	218	1	strategic	strategic	ADJ
ger-561	218	2	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	218	3	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	218	4	does	do	AUX
ger-561	218	5	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	218	6	violate	violate	VERB
ger-561	218	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	218	8	alphabetic	alphabetic	ADJ
ger-561	218	9	principle	principle	NOUN
ger-561	218	10	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	218	11	uses	use	VERB
ger-561	218	12	it	it	PRON
ger-561	218	13	to	to	ADP
ger-561	218	14	full	full	ADJ
ger-561	218	15	advantage	advantage	NOUN
ger-561	218	16	while	while	SCONJ
ger-561	218	17	avoiding	avoid	VERB
ger-561	218	18	awkward	awkward	ADJ
ger-561	218	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	218	20	slow	slow	ADJ
ger-561	218	21	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	218	22	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	218	23	blending	blend	VERB
ger-561	218	24	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	218	25	in	in	ADP
ger-561	218	26	favor	favor	NOUN
ger-561	218	27	of	of	ADP
ger-561	218	28	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	218	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	218	30	pronounceable	pronounceable	ADJ
ger-561	218	31	consonant	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	218	32	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	218	33	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	218	34	substitution	substitution	NOUN
ger-561	218	35	in	in	ADP
ger-561	218	36	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	218	37	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	218	38	lee	lee	PROPN
ger-561	218	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	218	40	1982	1982	NUM
ger-561	218	41	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	218	42	schroeder	schroeder	NOUN
ger-561	218	43	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	218	44	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	218	45	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	218	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	219	1	instead	instead	ADV
ger-561	219	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	219	3	awkward	awkward	ADJ
ger-561	219	4	isolation	isolation	NOUN
ger-561	219	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	219	6	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	219	7	blending	blending	NOUN
ger-561	219	8	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	219	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	219	10	consonants	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	219	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	219	12	consonant	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	219	13	substitution	substitution	NOUN
ger-561	219	14	in	in	ADP
ger-561	219	15	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	219	16	rhyming	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	219	17	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	219	18	does	do	AUX
ger-561	219	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	219	20	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	219	21	isolating	isolate	VERB
ger-561	219	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	219	23	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	220	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	220	2	#	#	SYM
ger-561	220	3	1.2	1.2	NUM
ger-561	220	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	221	1	adults	adult	NOUN
ger-561	221	2	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	221	3	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	221	4	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
ger-561	221	5	have	have	AUX
ger-561	221	6	played	play	VERB
ger-561	221	7	a	a	DET
ger-561	221	8	central	central	ADJ
ger-561	221	9	role	role	NOUN
ger-561	221	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	221	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ger-561	221	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	221	13	mle	mle	PROPN
ger-561	221	14	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	221	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	221	16	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	221	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	222	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	222	2	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	222	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	222	4	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	222	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	222	6	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	222	7	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	222	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	222	9	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	222	10	on	on	ADP
ger-561	222	11	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	222	12	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	222	13	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	222	14	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	222	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	222	16	from	from	ADP
ger-561	222	17	eastern	eastern	ADJ
ger-561	222	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	222	19	southern	southern	PROPN
ger-561	222	20	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	222	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	222	22	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	222	23	barbara	barbara	PROPN
ger-561	222	24	trudell	trudell	PROPN
ger-561	222	25	says	say	VERB
ger-561	222	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	222	27	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	222	28	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	222	29	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
ger-561	222	30	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	222	31	institutional	institutional	ADJ
ger-561	222	32	partners	partner	NOUN
ger-561	222	33	must	must	AUX
ger-561	222	34	think	think	VERB
ger-561	222	35	together	together	ADV
ger-561	222	36	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	222	37	act	act	VERB
ger-561	222	38	collaboratively	collaboratively	ADV
ger-561	222	39	in	in	ADP
ger-561	222	40	order	order	NOUN
ger-561	222	41	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	222	42	all	all	DET
ger-561	222	43	the	the	DET
ger-561	222	44	crucial	crucial	ADJ
ger-561	222	45	features	feature	NOUN
ger-561	222	46	of	of	ADP
ger-561	222	47	quality	quality	NOUN
ger-561	222	48	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	222	49	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	222	50	including	include	VERB
ger-561	222	51	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	222	52	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	222	53	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	222	54	may	may	AUX
ger-561	222	55	be	be	AUX
ger-561	222	56	successfully	successfully	ADV
ger-561	222	57	addressed	address	VERB
ger-561	222	58	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	222	59	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	222	60	trudell	trudell	INTJ
ger-561	222	61	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	222	62	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	222	63	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	222	64	p.120	p.120	NOUN
ger-561	222	65	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	222	66	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	223	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	223	2	this	this	DET
ger-561	223	3	reason	reason	NOUN
ger-561	223	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	223	5	there	there	PRON
ger-561	223	6	must	must	AUX
ger-561	223	7	be	be	AUX
ger-561	223	8	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
ger-561	223	9	high	high	ADJ
ger-561	223	10	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	223	11	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	223	12	support	support	NOUN
ger-561	223	13	from	from	ADP
ger-561	223	14	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	223	15	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	223	16	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	223	17	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	223	18	institutions	institution	NOUN
ger-561	223	19	for	for	ADP
ger-561	223	20	full	full	ADJ
ger-561	223	21	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	223	22	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	223	23	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	223	24	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	223	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	223	26	with	with	ADP
ger-561	223	27	curricula	curricula	NOUN
ger-561	223	28	which	which	PRON
ger-561	223	29	develop	develop	VERB
ger-561	223	30	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	223	31	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	223	32	creative	creative	ADJ
ger-561	223	33	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	223	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	223	35	using	use	VERB
ger-561	223	36	a	a	DET
ger-561	223	37	variety	variety	NOUN
ger-561	223	38	of	of	ADP
ger-561	223	39	literature	literature	NOUN
ger-561	223	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	224	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	224	2	1.3	1.3	NUM
ger-561	224	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	225	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	225	2	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	225	3	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ger-561	225	4	would	would	AUX
ger-561	225	5	also	also	ADV
ger-561	225	6	need	need	VERB
ger-561	225	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	225	8	recruit	recruit	VERB
ger-561	225	9	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ger-561	225	10	numbers	number	NOUN
ger-561	225	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	225	12	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	225	13	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	225	14	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	225	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	225	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	225	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	225	18	place	place	VERB
ger-561	225	19	them	they	PRON
ger-561	225	20	strategically	strategically	ADV
ger-561	225	21	in	in	ADP
ger-561	225	22	all	all	PRON
ger-561	225	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	225	24	the	the	DET
ger-561	225	25	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	225	26	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	225	27	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ger-561	225	28	affected	affect	VERB
ger-561	225	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	226	1	2	2	X
ger-561	226	2	.	.	X
ger-561	226	3	why	why	SCONJ
ger-561	226	4	are	be	AUX
ger-561	226	5	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	226	6	not	not	PART
ger-561	226	7	gaining	gain	VERB
ger-561	226	8	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ger-561	226	9	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	226	10	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	226	11	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	226	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	226	13	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	226	14	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	226	15	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	226	16	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	226	17	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	227	1	so	so	ADV
ger-561	227	2	much	much	ADJ
ger-561	227	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	227	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	227	5	potential	potential	NOUN
ger-561	227	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	227	7	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	227	8	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	227	9	failure	failure	NOUN
ger-561	227	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	227	11	whether	whether	SCONJ
ger-561	227	12	we	we	PRON
ger-561	227	13	analyze	analyze	VERB
ger-561	227	14	exams	exam	NOUN
ger-561	227	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	227	16	matriculation	matriculation	NOUN
ger-561	227	17	rates	rate	NOUN
ger-561	227	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	227	19	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	227	20	employment	employment	NOUN
ger-561	227	21	stats	stat	NOUN
ger-561	227	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	227	23	hinges	hinge	NOUN
ger-561	227	24	upon	upon	SCONJ
ger-561	227	25	mastery	mastery	NOUN
ger-561	227	26	of	of	ADP
ger-561	227	27	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	227	28	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	227	29	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	227	30	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	227	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	228	1	below	below	ADV
ger-561	228	2	is	be	AUX
ger-561	228	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	228	4	summary	summary	NOUN
ger-561	228	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	228	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	228	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ger-561	228	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	228	9	authors	author	NOUN
ger-561	228	10	found	find	VERB
ger-561	228	11	in	in	ADP
ger-561	228	12	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	228	13	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	228	14	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	228	15	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	228	16	across	across	ADP
ger-561	228	17	the	the	DET
ger-561	228	18	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	228	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	229	1	prominent	prominent	ADJ
ger-561	229	2	observations	observation	NOUN
ger-561	229	3	from	from	ADP
ger-561	229	4	multiple	multiple	ADJ
ger-561	229	5	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	229	6	include	include	VERB
ger-561	229	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	229	8	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	229	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	229	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	229	11	a	a	X
ger-561	229	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	229	13	not	not	PART
ger-561	229	14	enough	enough	ADJ
ger-561	229	15	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	229	16	for	for	ADP
ger-561	229	17	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	229	18	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	229	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	229	20	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	229	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	229	22	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	229	23	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	229	24	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	229	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	229	26	b	b	X
ger-561	229	27	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	229	28	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	229	29	of	of	ADP
ger-561	229	30	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	229	31	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	229	32	in	in	ADP
ger-561	229	33	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	229	34	the	the	DET
ger-561	229	35	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	229	36	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	229	37	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	229	38	c	c	X
ger-561	229	39	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	229	40	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	229	41	of	of	ADP
ger-561	229	42	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	229	43	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	229	44	in	in	ADP
ger-561	229	45	teaching	teach	VERB
ger-561	229	46	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	229	47	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	229	48	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	229	49	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	229	50	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	229	51	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	229	52	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	229	53	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	229	54	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	229	55	d	d	X
ger-561	229	56	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	229	57	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	229	58	of	of	ADP
ger-561	229	59	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	229	60	planning	plan	VERB
ger-561	229	61	for	for	ADP
ger-561	229	62	teaching	teach	VERB
ger-561	229	63	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	229	64	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	229	65	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	229	66	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	229	67	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	229	68	e	e	NOUN
ger-561	229	69	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	229	70	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	229	71	of	of	ADP
ger-561	229	72	materials	material	NOUN
ger-561	229	73	to	to	PART
ger-561	229	74	support	support	VERB
ger-561	229	75	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	229	76	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	229	77	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	229	78	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	229	79	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	229	80	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	229	81	trudell	trudell	INTJ
ger-561	229	82	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	229	83	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	229	84	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	229	85	mercado	mercado	PROPN
ger-561	229	86	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	229	87	in	in	ADP
ger-561	229	88	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	229	89	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	229	90	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	230	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	230	2	cross	cross	ADJ
ger-561	230	3	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	230	4	cutting	cutting	ADJ
ger-561	230	5	theme	theme	NOUN
ger-561	230	6	through	through	ADP
ger-561	230	7	each	each	PRON
ger-561	230	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	230	9	these	these	DET
ger-561	230	10	observations	observation	NOUN
ger-561	230	11	is	be	AUX
ger-561	230	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	230	13	issue	issue	NOUN
ger-561	230	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	230	15	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	230	16	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	230	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	230	18	which	which	PRON
ger-561	230	19	increases	increase	VERB
ger-561	230	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	230	21	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ger-561	230	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	230	23	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ger-561	230	24	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	230	25	have	have	VERB
ger-561	230	26	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ger-561	230	27	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	230	28	in	in	ADP
ger-561	230	29	the	the	DET
ger-561	230	30	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ger-561	230	31	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	230	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	231	1	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	231	2	2.1	2.1	NUM
ger-561	231	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	231	4	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	231	5	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	231	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	231	7	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	231	8	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	231	9	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	231	10	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	231	11	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	231	12	implies	imply	VERB
ger-561	231	13	geography	geography	NOUN
ger-561	231	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	232	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	232	2	literal	literal	ADJ
ger-561	232	3	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	232	4	is	be	AUX
ger-561	232	5	certainly	certainly	ADV
ger-561	232	6	measurable	measurable	ADJ
ger-561	232	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	232	8	with	with	ADP
ger-561	232	9	an	an	DET
ger-561	232	10	ocean	ocean	NOUN
ger-561	232	11	between	between	ADP
ger-561	232	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	232	13	north	north	ADJ
ger-561	232	14	american	american	ADJ
ger-561	232	15	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	232	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	232	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	232	18	a	a	DET
ger-561	232	19	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	232	20	of	of	ADP
ger-561	232	21	9,881	9,881	NUM
ger-561	232	22	km	km	NOUN
ger-561	232	23	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	232	24	the	the	DET
ger-561	232	25	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	232	26	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	232	27	7	7	NUM
ger-561	232	28	by	by	ADP
ger-561	232	29	air	air	NOUN
ger-561	232	30	between	between	ADP
ger-561	232	31	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	232	32	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	232	33	saharan	saharan	ADJ
ger-561	232	34	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	232	35	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	232	36	the	the	DET
ger-561	232	37	british	british	ADJ
ger-561	232	38	isles	isles	PROPN
ger-561	232	39	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	233	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	233	2	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	233	3	is	be	AUX
ger-561	233	4	also	also	ADV
ger-561	233	5	great	great	ADJ
ger-561	233	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	233	7	terms	term	NOUN
ger-561	233	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	233	9	numbers	number	NOUN
ger-561	233	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	233	11	people	people	NOUN
ger-561	233	12	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	233	13	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	233	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	233	15	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	233	16	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	233	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	233	18	in	in	ADP
ger-561	233	19	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	233	20	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	234	1	american	american	PROPN
ger-561	234	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	234	3	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
ger-561	234	4	teach	teach	VERB
ger-561	234	5	less	less	ADJ
ger-561	234	6	than	than	ADP
ger-561	234	7	400	400	NUM
ger-561	234	8	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	234	9	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	234	10	per	per	ADP
ger-561	234	11	year	year	NOUN
ger-561	234	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	234	13	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	234	14	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	234	15	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
ger-561	234	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	234	17	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	234	18	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	234	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	234	20	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	234	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	234	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	235	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	235	2	list	list	NOUN
ger-561	235	3	is	be	AUX
ger-561	235	4	small	small	ADJ
ger-561	235	5	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	235	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	235	7	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	235	8	developers	developer	NOUN
ger-561	235	9	expect	expect	VERB
ger-561	235	10	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	235	11	to	to	PART
ger-561	235	12	acquire	acquire	VERB
ger-561	235	13	thousands	thousand	NOUN
ger-561	235	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	235	15	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	235	16	naturally	naturally	ADV
ger-561	235	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	235	18	in	in	ADP
ger-561	235	19	their	their	PRON
ger-561	235	20	environment	environment	NOUN
ger-561	235	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	236	1	on	on	ADP
ger-561	236	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	236	3	other	other	ADJ
ger-561	236	4	side	side	NOUN
ger-561	236	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	236	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	236	7	atlantic	atlantic	NOUN
ger-561	236	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	236	9	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	236	10	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	236	11	are	be	AUX
ger-561	236	12	n’t	n’t	ADJ
ger-561	236	13	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ger-561	236	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	236	15	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	236	16	they	they	PRON
ger-561	236	17	do	do	AUX
ger-561	236	18	not	not	PART
ger-561	236	19	see	see	VERB
ger-561	236	20	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	236	21	hear	hear	VERB
ger-561	236	22	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	236	23	used	use	VERB
ger-561	236	24	outside	outside	ADP
ger-561	236	25	of	of	ADP
ger-561	236	26	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	236	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	236	28	unless	unless	SCONJ
ger-561	236	29	they	they	PRON
ger-561	236	30	live	live	VERB
ger-561	236	31	in	in	ADP
ger-561	236	32	urban	urban	ADJ
ger-561	236	33	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	236	34	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	237	1	their	their	PRON
ger-561	237	2	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	237	3	are	be	AUX
ger-561	237	4	as	as	ADV
ger-561	237	5	distant	distant	ADJ
ger-561	237	6	from	from	ADP
ger-561	237	7	ours	ours	PRON
ger-561	237	8	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	237	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	237	10	western	western	ADJ
ger-561	237	11	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	237	12	can	can	AUX
ger-561	237	13	imagine	imagine	VERB
ger-561	237	14	!	!	PUNCT
ger-561	238	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	238	2	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	238	3	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	238	4	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	238	5	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	238	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	238	7	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	238	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	238	9	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	238	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	238	11	is	be	AUX
ger-561	238	12	discernible	discernible	ADJ
ger-561	238	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	238	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	238	15	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	238	16	family	family	NOUN
ger-561	238	17	to	to	PART
ger-561	238	18	which	which	PRON
ger-561	238	19	an	an	DET
ger-561	238	20	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	238	21	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	238	22	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	238	23	a	a	DET
ger-561	238	24	european	european	ADJ
ger-561	238	25	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	238	26	belongs	belong	VERB
ger-561	238	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	239	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	239	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	239	3	united	united	PROPN
ger-561	239	4	states	states	PROPN
ger-561	239	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	239	6	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	239	7	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ger-561	239	8	receiving	receive	VERB
ger-561	239	9	esl	esl	PROPN
ger-561	239	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	239	11	are	be	AUX
ger-561	239	12	spanish	spanish	ADJ
ger-561	239	13	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	239	14	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	239	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	240	1	spanish	spanish	ADJ
ger-561	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	240	3	like	like	ADP
ger-561	240	4	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	240	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	240	6	is	be	AUX
ger-561	240	7	indo	indo	NOUN
ger-561	240	8	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	240	9	european	european	ADJ
ger-561	240	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	240	11	from	from	ADP
ger-561	240	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	240	13	same	same	ADJ
ger-561	240	14	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	240	15	family	family	NOUN
ger-561	240	16	as	as	ADP
ger-561	240	17	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	240	18	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	240	19	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	240	20	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	241	1	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	241	2	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	241	3	are	be	AUX
ger-561	241	4	grammatically	grammatically	ADV
ger-561	241	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	241	6	phonologically	phonologically	ADV
ger-561	241	7	very	very	ADV
ger-561	241	8	different	different	ADJ
ger-561	241	9	from	from	ADP
ger-561	241	10	both	both	CCONJ
ger-561	241	11	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	241	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	241	13	french	french	NOUN
ger-561	241	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	242	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	242	2	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ger-561	242	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	242	4	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	242	5	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	242	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	242	7	again	again	ADV
ger-561	242	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	242	9	is	be	AUX
ger-561	242	10	far	far	ADV
ger-561	242	11	greater	great	ADJ
ger-561	242	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	242	13	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	242	14	than	than	SCONJ
ger-561	242	15	it	it	PRON
ger-561	242	16	is	be	AUX
ger-561	242	17	in	in	ADP
ger-561	242	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	242	19	united	united	PROPN
ger-561	242	20	states	states	PROPN
ger-561	242	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	242	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	242	23	united	united	ADJ
ger-561	242	24	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
ger-561	242	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	242	26	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	242	27	france	france	PROPN
ger-561	242	28	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	242	29	indoeuropean	indoeuropean	ADJ
ger-561	242	30	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ger-561	242	31	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	242	32	phonology	phonology	NOUN
ger-561	242	33	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	242	34	writing	write	VERB
ger-561	242	35	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	242	36	are	be	AUX
ger-561	242	37	very	very	ADV
ger-561	242	38	different	different	ADJ
ger-561	242	39	from	from	ADP
ger-561	242	40	theirs	theirs	PRON
ger-561	242	41	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	243	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	243	2	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	243	3	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	243	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	243	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	243	6	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	243	7	for	for	ADP
ger-561	243	8	africans	africans	PROPN
ger-561	243	9	is	be	AUX
ger-561	243	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	243	11	important	important	ADJ
ger-561	243	12	role	role	NOUN
ger-561	243	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	243	14	tone	tone	NOUN
ger-561	243	15	for	for	ADP
ger-561	243	16	more	more	ADJ
ger-561	243	17	than	than	ADP
ger-561	243	18	half	half	NOUN
ger-561	243	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	243	20	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	243	21	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	243	22	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	243	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	244	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	244	2	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	244	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	244	4	tone	tone	NOUN
ger-561	244	5	signals	signal	VERB
ger-561	244	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
ger-561	244	7	a	a	DET
ger-561	244	8	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	244	9	is	be	AUX
ger-561	244	10	subject	subject	ADJ
ger-561	244	11	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	244	12	object	object	NOUN
ger-561	244	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	244	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	244	15	sentence	sentence	NOUN
ger-561	244	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	244	17	singular	singular	NOUN
ger-561	244	18	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	244	19	plural	plural	ADJ
ger-561	244	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	244	21	past	past	ADJ
ger-561	244	22	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	244	23	future	future	ADJ
ger-561	244	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	244	25	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	244	26	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	244	27	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	244	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	244	29	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	244	30	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	244	31	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	244	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	245	1	another	another	DET
ger-561	245	2	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	245	3	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	245	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	245	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	245	6	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	245	7	is	be	AUX
ger-561	245	8	that	that	PRON
ger-561	245	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	245	10	affixation	affixation	NOUN
ger-561	245	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	246	1	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	246	2	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	246	3	not	not	PART
ger-561	246	4	only	only	ADV
ger-561	246	5	use	use	VERB
ger-561	246	6	prefixes	prefix	NOUN
ger-561	246	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	246	8	suffixes	suffix	NOUN
ger-561	246	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	246	10	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	246	11	also	also	ADV
ger-561	246	12	infixes	infix	NOUN
ger-561	246	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	246	14	convey	convey	VERB
ger-561	246	15	all	all	DET
ger-561	246	16	kinds	kind	NOUN
ger-561	246	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	246	18	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	246	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	246	20	including	include	VERB
ger-561	246	21	probability	probability	NOUN
ger-561	246	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	246	23	causation	causation	NOUN
ger-561	246	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	246	25	plurality	plurality	NOUN
ger-561	246	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	246	27	tense	tense	ADJ
ger-561	246	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	246	29	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	246	30	intentionality	intentionality	NOUN
ger-561	246	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	247	1	westerners	westerner	NOUN
ger-561	247	2	primarily	primarily	ADV
ger-561	247	3	use	use	VERB
ger-561	247	4	individual	individual	ADJ
ger-561	247	5	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	247	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	247	7	convey	convey	VERB
ger-561	247	8	these	these	DET
ger-561	247	9	concepts	concept	NOUN
ger-561	247	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	248	1	bantu	bantu	PROPN
ger-561	248	2	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	248	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	248	4	on	on	ADP
ger-561	248	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	248	6	other	other	ADJ
ger-561	248	7	hand	hand	NOUN
ger-561	248	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	248	9	spoken	speak	VERB
ger-561	248	10	by	by	ADP
ger-561	248	11	nearly	nearly	ADV
ger-561	248	12	240,000,000	240,000,000	NUM
ger-561	248	13	africans	africans	PROPN
ger-561	248	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	248	15	nurse	nurse	PROPN
ger-561	248	16	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	248	17	philippson	philippson	PROPN
ger-561	248	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	248	19	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	248	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	248	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	248	22	contain	contain	VERB
ger-561	248	23	verbs	verbs	NOUN
ger-561	248	24	with	with	ADP
ger-561	248	25	dense	dense	ADJ
ger-561	248	26	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	248	27	information	information	NOUN
ger-561	248	28	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	248	29	schroeder	schroeder	NOUN
ger-561	248	30	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	248	31	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	248	32	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	248	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	249	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	249	2	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	249	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	249	4	<	<	X
ger-561	249	5	a	a	X
ger-561	249	6	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	249	7	li	li	PROPN
ger-561	249	8	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	249	9	ni	ni	NOUN
ger-561	249	10	-	-	NOUN
ger-561	249	11	pikia	pikia	NOUN
ger-561	249	12	>	>	PRON
ger-561	249	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	249	14	contains	contain	VERB
ger-561	249	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	249	16	verb	verb	NOUN
ger-561	249	17	root	root	NOUN
ger-561	249	18	-pik-	-pik-	PROPN
ger-561	249	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	249	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	249	21	includes	include	VERB
ger-561	249	22	a	a	DET
ger-561	249	23	person	person	NOUN
ger-561	249	24	marker	marker	NOUN
ger-561	249	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	249	26	a	a	DET
ger-561	249	27	tense	tense	ADJ
ger-561	249	28	marker	marker	NOUN
ger-561	249	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	249	30	an	an	DET
ger-561	249	31	applicative	applicative	NOUN
ger-561	249	32	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	249	33	like	like	ADP
ger-561	249	34	an	an	DET
ger-561	249	35	indirect	indirect	ADJ
ger-561	249	36	object	object	NOUN
ger-561	249	37	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	249	38	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	249	39	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	249	40	a	a	DET
ger-561	249	41	verb	verb	NOUN
ger-561	249	42	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	249	43	final	final	ADJ
ger-561	249	44	mood	mood	NOUN
ger-561	249	45	marker	marker	NOUN
ger-561	249	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	250	1	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	250	2	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	250	3	contain	contain	VERB
ger-561	250	4	several	several	ADJ
ger-561	250	5	examples	example	NOUN
ger-561	250	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	250	7	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	250	8	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	250	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	251	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	251	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ger-561	251	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	251	4	a	a	DET
ger-561	251	5	single	single	ADJ
ger-561	251	6	consonant	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	251	7	may	may	AUX
ger-561	251	8	be	be	AUX
ger-561	251	9	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
ger-561	251	10	as	as	ADP
ger-561	251	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	251	12	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ger-561	251	13	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	251	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	251	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	251	16	that	that	DET
ger-561	251	17	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	251	18	may	may	AUX
ger-561	251	19	be	be	AUX
ger-561	251	20	an	an	DET
ger-561	251	21	auxiliary	auxiliary	ADJ
ger-561	251	22	verb	verb	NOUN
ger-561	251	23	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	251	24	a	a	DET
ger-561	251	25	pronoun	pronoun	NOUN
ger-561	251	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	252	1	other	other	ADJ
ger-561	252	2	consonants	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	252	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	252	4	unlike	unlike	ADP
ger-561	252	5	our	our	PRON
ger-561	252	6	consonant	consonant	ADJ
ger-561	252	7	clusters	cluster	NOUN
ger-561	252	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	252	9	contain	contain	VERB
ger-561	252	10	consonant	consonant	ADJ
ger-561	252	11	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	252	12	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
ger-561	252	13	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
ger-561	252	14	rather	rather	ADV
ger-561	252	15	than	than	ADP
ger-561	252	16	sequentially	sequentially	ADV
ger-561	252	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	252	18	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	252	19	as	as	ADP
ger-561	252	20	dagbani	dagbani	ADJ
ger-561	252	21	<	<	X
ger-561	252	22	gb	gb	X
ger-561	252	23	>	>	X
ger-561	252	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	252	25	<	<	X
ger-561	252	26	kp	kp	X
ger-561	252	27	>	>	X
ger-561	252	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	252	29	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	252	30	<	<	X
ger-561	252	31	ŋm	ŋm	X
ger-561	252	32	>	>	X
ger-561	252	33	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	252	34	pazzack	pazzack	NOUN
ger-561	252	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	252	36	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	252	37	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	252	38	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	253	1	even	even	ADV
ger-561	253	2	melodies	melody	NOUN
ger-561	253	3	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	253	4	individual	individual	ADJ
ger-561	253	5	tones	tone	NOUN
ger-561	253	6	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
ger-561	253	7	meanings	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	253	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	253	9	over	over	ADP
ger-561	253	10	half	half	NOUN
ger-561	253	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	253	12	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	253	13	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	253	14	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	253	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	254	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	254	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	254	3	maasai	maasai	NOUN
ger-561	254	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	254	5	tone	tone	NOUN
ger-561	254	6	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
ger-561	254	7	singular	singular	ADJ
ger-561	254	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	254	9	plural	plural	ADJ
ger-561	254	10	nouns	noun	NOUN
ger-561	254	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	254	12	negativity	negativity	NOUN
ger-561	254	13	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	254	14	positivity	positivity	NOUN
ger-561	254	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	254	16	commands	command	NOUN
ger-561	254	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	254	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	254	19	identifies	identify	VERB
ger-561	254	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	254	21	subject	subject	NOUN
ger-561	254	22	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	254	23	object	object	NOUN
ger-561	254	24	in	in	ADP
ger-561	254	25	sentences	sentence	NOUN
ger-561	254	26	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	254	27	payne	payne	PROPN
ger-561	254	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	254	29	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	254	30	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	254	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	255	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	255	2	phonology	phonology	NOUN
ger-561	255	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	255	4	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	255	5	also	also	ADV
ger-561	255	6	makes	make	VERB
ger-561	255	7	it	it	PRON
ger-561	255	8	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	255	9	distant	distant	ADJ
ger-561	255	10	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	255	11	from	from	ADP
ger-561	255	12	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	255	13	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	255	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	256	1	consonants	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	256	2	are	be	AUX
ger-561	256	3	more	more	ADV
ger-561	256	4	frequent	frequent	ADJ
ger-561	256	5	than	than	ADP
ger-561	256	6	vowels	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	256	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	256	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	256	9	average	average	ADJ
ger-561	256	10	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	256	11	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	256	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	256	13	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	256	14	this	this	PRON
ger-561	256	15	is	be	AUX
ger-561	256	16	not	not	PART
ger-561	256	17	the	the	DET
ger-561	256	18	case	case	NOUN
ger-561	256	19	for	for	ADP
ger-561	256	20	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	256	21	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	256	22	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	256	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	257	1	count	count	VERB
ger-561	257	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	257	3	vowels	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	257	4	for	for	ADP
ger-561	257	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	257	6	same	same	ADJ
ger-561	257	7	swahili	swahili	NOUN
ger-561	257	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	257	9	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	257	10	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	257	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	257	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	257	13	bold	bold	ADJ
ger-561	257	14	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	257	15	examples	example	NOUN
ger-561	257	16	here	here	ADV
ger-561	257	17	from	from	ADP
ger-561	257	18	swahili	swahili	PROPN
ger-561	257	19	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	257	20	kuku	kuku	PROPN
ger-561	257	21	fikiri	fikiri	PROPN
ger-561	257	22	kuketi	kuketi	VERB
ger-561	257	23	uende	uende	ADJ
ger-561	257	24	taka	taka	PROPN
ger-561	257	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	257	26	13	13	NUM
ger-561	257	27	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	257	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	257	29	same	same	ADJ
ger-561	257	30	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	257	31	in	in	ADP
ger-561	257	32	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	257	33	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	257	34	chicken	chicken	NOUN
ger-561	257	35	think	think	VERB
ger-561	257	36	sit	sit	AUX
ger-561	257	37	go	go	VERB
ger-561	257	38	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	257	39	imp	imp	PROPN
ger-561	257	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	257	41	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	258	1	want	want	VERB
ger-561	258	2	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	258	3	6	6	NUM
ger-561	258	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	258	5	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	258	6	2.2	2.2	NUM
ger-561	258	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	258	8	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	258	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	258	10	curricular	curricular	ADJ
ger-561	258	11	planning	planning	NOUN
ger-561	258	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	258	13	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	258	14	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	258	15	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	258	16	we	we	PRON
ger-561	258	17	have	have	AUX
ger-561	258	18	established	establish	VERB
ger-561	258	19	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	258	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	258	21	need	need	NOUN
ger-561	258	22	for	for	ADP
ger-561	258	23	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	258	24	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	258	25	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	258	26	curricula	curricula	NOUN
ger-561	258	27	is	be	AUX
ger-561	258	28	very	very	ADV
ger-561	258	29	high	high	ADJ
ger-561	258	30	across	across	ADP
ger-561	258	31	the	the	DET
ger-561	258	32	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	258	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	259	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	259	2	is	be	AUX
ger-561	259	3	rarely	rarely	ADV
ger-561	259	4	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
ger-561	259	5	taught	teach	VERB
ger-561	259	6	to	to	ADP
ger-561	259	7	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	259	8	as	as	ADP
ger-561	259	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	259	10	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	259	11	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	259	12	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	259	13	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	259	14	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	259	15	eritrea	eritrea	PROPN
ger-561	259	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	259	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	259	19	importance	importance	NOUN
ger-561	259	20	of	of	ADP
ger-561	259	21	teaching	teach	VERB
ger-561	259	22	it	it	PRON
ger-561	259	23	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	259	24	listening	listen	VERB
ger-561	259	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	26	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	259	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	28	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	259	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	30	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	259	31	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	259	32	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	259	33	in	in	ADP
ger-561	259	34	the	the	DET
ger-561	259	35	8	8	NUM
ger-561	259	36	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	259	37	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	259	38	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	259	39	7	7	NUM
ger-561	259	40	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	259	41	3	3	NUM
ger-561	259	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	259	43	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	259	44	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	259	45	is	be	AUX
ger-561	259	46	often	often	ADV
ger-561	259	47	ignored	ignore	VERB
ger-561	259	48	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	259	49	uys	uys	PROPN
ger-561	259	50	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	51	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	259	52	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	259	53	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	259	54	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	55	2007	2007	NUM
ger-561	259	56	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	259	57	kembo	kembo	PROPN
ger-561	259	58	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	259	59	ogechi	ogechi	PROPN
ger-561	259	60	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	259	61	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	259	62	104	104	NUM
ger-561	259	63	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	260	1	orwenjo	orwenjo	X
ger-561	260	2	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	260	3	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	260	4	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	260	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	260	6	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	260	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	261	1	there	there	PRON
ger-561	261	2	is	be	VERB
ger-561	261	3	plenty	plenty	NOUN
ger-561	261	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	261	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	261	6	supporting	support	VERB
ger-561	261	7	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	261	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	261	9	well	well	ADV
ger-561	261	10	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	261	11	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	261	12	curricula	curricula	NOUN
ger-561	261	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	261	14	though	though	ADV
ger-561	261	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	262	1	teaching	teach	VERB
ger-561	262	2	an	an	DET
ger-561	262	3	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	262	4	orally	orally	ADV
ger-561	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	262	6	with	with	ADP
ger-561	262	7	a	a	DET
ger-561	262	8	focus	focus	NOUN
ger-561	262	9	on	on	ADP
ger-561	262	10	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ger-561	262	11	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	262	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	262	13	syntax	syntax	NOUN
ger-561	262	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	262	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	262	16	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ger-561	262	17	has	have	AUX
ger-561	262	18	been	be	AUX
ger-561	262	19	shown	show	VERB
ger-561	262	20	to	to	PART
ger-561	262	21	significantly	significantly	ADV
ger-561	262	22	contribute	contribute	VERB
ger-561	262	23	to	to	ADP
ger-561	262	24	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	262	25	success	success	NOUN
ger-561	262	26	in	in	ADP
ger-561	262	27	that	that	DET
ger-561	262	28	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	262	29	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	262	30	lee	lee	PROPN
ger-561	262	31	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	262	32	schallert	schallert	PROPN
ger-561	262	33	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	262	34	1997	1997	NUM
ger-561	262	35	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	262	36	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	263	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	263	2	reality	reality	NOUN
ger-561	263	3	anywhere	anywhere	ADV
ger-561	263	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	263	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	263	6	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	263	7	where	where	SCONJ
ger-561	263	8	an	an	DET
ger-561	263	9	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	263	10	is	be	AUX
ger-561	263	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	263	12	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ger-561	263	13	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	263	14	to	to	ADP
ger-561	263	15	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	263	16	of	of	ADP
ger-561	263	17	the	the	DET
ger-561	263	18	population	population	NOUN
ger-561	263	19	is	be	AUX
ger-561	263	20	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	263	21	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	263	22	need	need	VERB
ger-561	263	23	plenty	plenty	NOUN
ger-561	263	24	of	of	ADP
ger-561	263	25	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	263	26	to	to	PART
ger-561	263	27	acquire	acquire	VERB
ger-561	263	28	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	263	29	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	263	30	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ger-561	263	31	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	263	32	the	the	DET
ger-561	263	33	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
ger-561	263	34	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	263	35	required	require	VERB
ger-561	263	36	for	for	ADP
ger-561	263	37	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	263	38	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	263	39	anthony	anthony	PROPN
ger-561	263	40	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	263	41	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	263	42	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	263	43	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	263	44	2009	2009	NUM
ger-561	263	45	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	263	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	264	1	kelly	kelly	PROPN
ger-561	264	2	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	264	3	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	264	4	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	264	5	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	264	6	assessed	assess	VERB
ger-561	264	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	264	8	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	264	9	readiness	readiness	NOUN
ger-561	264	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	264	11	eritrean	eritrean	ADJ
ger-561	264	12	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	264	13	who	who	PRON
ger-561	264	14	had	have	AUX
ger-561	264	15	experienced	experience	VERB
ger-561	264	16	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	264	17	as	as	ADP
ger-561	264	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	264	19	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	264	20	of	of	ADP
ger-561	264	21	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	264	22	through	through	ADP
ger-561	264	23	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	264	24	5	5	NUM
ger-561	264	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	265	1	she	she	PRON
ger-561	265	2	studied	study	VERB
ger-561	265	3	all	all	DET
ger-561	265	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	265	5	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	265	6	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	265	7	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	265	8	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	265	9	for	for	ADP
ger-561	265	10	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	265	11	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	265	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	265	13	beginning	begin	VERB
ger-561	265	14	with	with	ADP
ger-561	265	15	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	265	16	6	6	NUM
ger-561	265	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	266	1	walter	walter	NOUN
ger-561	266	2	compared	compare	VERB
ger-561	266	3	data	datum	NOUN
ger-561	266	4	from	from	ADP
ger-561	266	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	266	6	eritrean	eritrean	ADJ
ger-561	266	7	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	266	8	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	266	9	survey	survey	NOUN
ger-561	266	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	266	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	266	12	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ger-561	266	13	counts	count	VERB
ger-561	266	14	from	from	ADP
ger-561	266	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	266	16	curricula	curricula	NOUN
ger-561	266	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	266	18	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	266	19	2	2	NUM
ger-561	266	20	-	-	SYM
ger-561	266	21	5	5	NUM
ger-561	266	22	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	266	23	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	266	24	8	8	NUM
ger-561	266	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	267	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	267	2	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	267	3	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	267	4	survey	survey	NOUN
ger-561	267	5	provided	provide	VERB
ger-561	267	6	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	267	7	on	on	ADP
ger-561	267	8	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ger-561	267	9	mastery	mastery	NOUN
ger-561	267	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	267	11	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	267	12	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	267	13	from	from	ADP
ger-561	267	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	267	15	sample	sample	NOUN
ger-561	267	16	of	of	ADP
ger-561	267	17	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	267	18	in	in	ADP
ger-561	267	19	each	each	DET
ger-561	267	20	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	267	21	group	group	NOUN
ger-561	267	22	for	for	ADP
ger-561	267	23	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	267	24	2	2	NUM
ger-561	267	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	267	26	3	3	NUM
ger-561	267	27	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	267	28	5	5	NUM
ger-561	267	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	268	1	her	her	PRON
ger-561	268	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ger-561	268	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	268	4	using	use	VERB
ger-561	268	5	relevant	relevant	ADJ
ger-561	268	6	correlations	correlation	NOUN
ger-561	268	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	268	8	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	268	9	counts	count	NOUN
ger-561	268	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	268	11	density	density	NOUN
ger-561	268	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	268	13	frequency	frequency	NOUN
ger-561	268	14	measures	measure	NOUN
ger-561	268	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	268	16	showed	show	VERB
ger-561	268	17	clear	clear	ADJ
ger-561	268	18	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	268	19	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	268	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	268	21	material	material	NOUN
ger-561	268	22	in	in	ADP
ger-561	268	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	268	24	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	268	25	6	6	NUM
ger-561	268	26	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	268	27	was	be	AUX
ger-561	268	28	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	268	29	the	the	DET
ger-561	268	30	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	268	31	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	268	32	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	268	33	5	5	NUM
ger-561	268	34	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	268	35	had	have	AUX
ger-561	268	36	attained	attain	VERB
ger-561	268	37	in	in	ADP
ger-561	268	38	relation	relation	NOUN
ger-561	268	39	to	to	PART
ger-561	268	40	vocabulary	vocabulary	VERB
ger-561	268	41	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	268	42	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	268	43	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	268	44	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	268	45	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	268	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	269	1	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	269	2	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	269	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ger-561	269	4	focused	focus	VERB
ger-561	269	5	on	on	ADP
ger-561	269	6	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	269	7	used	use	VERB
ger-561	269	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	269	9	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	269	10	6	6	NUM
ger-561	269	11	curricula	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	269	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	269	13	related	related	ADJ
ger-561	269	14	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	269	15	used	use	VERB
ger-561	269	16	in	in	ADP
ger-561	269	17	the	the	DET
ger-561	269	18	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	269	19	2	2	NUM
ger-561	269	20	-	-	SYM
ger-561	269	21	5	5	NUM
ger-561	269	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	270	1	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	270	2	showed	show	VERB
ger-561	270	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	270	4	large	large	ADJ
ger-561	270	5	number	number	NOUN
ger-561	270	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	270	7	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	270	8	which	which	PRON
ger-561	270	9	would	would	AUX
ger-561	270	10	be	be	AUX
ger-561	270	11	completely	completely	ADV
ger-561	270	12	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	270	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	270	14	grade	grade	VERB
ger-561	270	15	6	6	NUM
ger-561	270	16	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	270	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	271	1	clearly	clearly	ADV
ger-561	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	271	3	they	they	PRON
ger-561	271	4	would	would	AUX
ger-561	271	5	be	be	AUX
ger-561	271	6	unprepared	unprepared	ADJ
ger-561	271	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	271	8	master	master	VERB
ger-561	271	9	thousands	thousand	NOUN
ger-561	271	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	271	11	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	271	12	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	271	13	for	for	ADP
ger-561	271	14	only	only	ADV
ger-561	271	15	two	two	NUM
ger-561	271	16	subject	subject	ADJ
ger-561	271	17	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	271	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	272	1	her	her	PRON
ger-561	272	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ger-561	272	3	was	be	AUX
ger-561	272	4	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	272	5	75.9	75.9	NUM
ger-561	272	6	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	272	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	272	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	272	9	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	272	10	families	family	NOUN
ger-561	272	11	used	use	VERB
ger-561	272	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	272	13	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	272	14	6	6	NUM
ger-561	272	15	had	have	AUX
ger-561	272	16	never	never	ADV
ger-561	272	17	been	be	AUX
ger-561	272	18	presented	present	VERB
ger-561	272	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	272	20	any	any	DET
ger-561	272	21	formal	formal	ADJ
ger-561	272	22	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	272	23	in	in	ADP
ger-561	272	24	the	the	DET
ger-561	272	25	earlier	early	ADJ
ger-561	272	26	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	272	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	273	1	not	not	PART
ger-561	273	2	only	only	ADV
ger-561	273	3	that	that	PRON
ger-561	273	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	273	5	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	273	6	it	it	PRON
ger-561	273	7	is	be	AUX
ger-561	273	8	clear	clear	ADJ
ger-561	273	9	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	273	10	not	not	PART
ger-561	273	11	all	all	PRON
ger-561	273	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	273	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	273	14	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	273	15	families	family	NOUN
ger-561	273	16	that	that	PRON
ger-561	273	17	were	be	AUX
ger-561	273	18	presented	present	VERB
ger-561	273	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	273	20	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	273	21	2	2	NUM
ger-561	273	22	-	-	SYM
ger-561	273	23	5	5	NUM
ger-561	273	24	had	have	AUX
ger-561	273	25	actually	actually	ADV
ger-561	273	26	been	be	AUX
ger-561	273	27	mastered	master	VERB
ger-561	273	28	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	274	1	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	274	2	2.3	2.3	NUM
ger-561	274	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	274	4	lack	lack	NOUN
ger-561	274	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	274	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	274	7	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	274	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	274	9	using	use	VERB
ger-561	274	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	274	11	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	275	1	some	some	DET
ger-561	275	2	attempts	attempt	NOUN
ger-561	275	3	at	at	ADP
ger-561	275	4	getting	get	VERB
ger-561	275	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	275	6	ready	ready	ADJ
ger-561	275	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	275	8	teach	teach	VERB
ger-561	275	9	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	275	10	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	275	11	have	have	AUX
ger-561	275	12	been	be	AUX
ger-561	275	13	met	meet	VERB
ger-561	275	14	with	with	ADP
ger-561	275	15	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ger-561	275	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	275	17	benson	benson	PROPN
ger-561	275	18	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	275	19	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	275	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	275	21	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	275	22	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	275	23	due	due	ADP
ger-561	275	24	to	to	ADP
ger-561	275	25	the	the	DET
ger-561	275	26	vastness	vastness	NOUN
ger-561	275	27	of	of	ADP
ger-561	275	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	275	29	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	275	30	chasm	chasm	NOUN
ger-561	275	31	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	275	32	yet	yet	CCONJ
ger-561	275	33	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	275	34	everyone	everyone	PRON
ger-561	275	35	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	275	36	sees	see	VERB
ger-561	275	37	the	the	DET
ger-561	275	38	need	need	NOUN
ger-561	275	39	for	for	ADP
ger-561	275	40	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	275	41	to	to	ADP
ger-561	275	42	all	all	DET
ger-561	275	43	the	the	DET
ger-561	275	44	economic	economic	ADJ
ger-561	275	45	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	275	46	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	275	47	doors	door	NOUN
ger-561	275	48	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	275	49	opens	open	VERB
ger-561	275	50	for	for	ADP
ger-561	275	51	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	275	52	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	275	53	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	275	54	wolff	wolff	NOUN
ger-561	275	55	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	275	56	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	275	57	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	275	58	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	276	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ger-561	276	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	276	3	desire	desire	NOUN
ger-561	276	4	for	for	ADP
ger-561	276	5	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	276	6	communication	communication	NOUN
ger-561	276	7	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	276	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	276	9	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	276	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	276	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	276	12	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ger-561	276	13	ca	can	AUX
ger-561	276	14	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	276	15	be	be	AUX
ger-561	276	16	assumed	assume	VERB
ger-561	276	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	277	1	it	it	PRON
ger-561	277	2	must	must	AUX
ger-561	277	3	be	be	AUX
ger-561	277	4	built	build	VERB
ger-561	277	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	277	6	step	step	NOUN
ger-561	277	7	by	by	ADP
ger-561	277	8	step	step	NOUN
ger-561	277	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	278	1	elip	elip	ADJ
ger-561	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	278	3	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	278	4	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	278	5	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	278	6	preschool	preschool	NOUN
ger-561	278	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	278	8	was	be	AUX
ger-561	278	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	278	10	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	278	11	in	in	ADP
ger-561	278	12	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	278	13	which	which	PRON
ger-561	278	14	endeavored	endeavor	VERB
ger-561	278	15	to	to	PART
ger-561	278	16	do	do	VERB
ger-561	278	17	this	this	DET
ger-561	278	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	278	19	british	british	PROPN
ger-561	278	20	council	council	PROPN
ger-561	278	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	278	22	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	278	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	278	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	279	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	279	2	in	in	ADP
ger-561	279	3	canada	canada	PROPN
ger-561	279	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	279	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	279	6	united	united	PROPN
ger-561	279	7	states	states	PROPN
ger-561	279	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	279	9	australia	australia	PROPN
ger-561	279	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	279	11	new	new	PROPN
ger-561	279	12	zealand	zealand	PROPN
ger-561	279	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	279	14	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	279	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	279	16	united	united	ADJ
ger-561	279	17	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
ger-561	279	18	are	be	AUX
ger-561	279	19	usually	usually	ADV
ger-561	279	20	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	279	21	speakers	speaker	NOUN
ger-561	279	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	279	23	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	279	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	280	1	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	280	2	we	we	PRON
ger-561	280	3	ca	can	AUX
ger-561	280	4	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	280	5	make	make	VERB
ger-561	280	6	that	that	DET
ger-561	280	7	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	280	8	about	about	ADP
ger-561	280	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	280	10	continent	continent	NOUN
ger-561	280	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	280	12	over	over	ADP
ger-561	280	13	2,140	2,140	NUM
ger-561	280	14	living	live	VERB
ger-561	280	15	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	280	16	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	280	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	280	18	where	where	SCONJ
ger-561	280	19	relatively	relatively	ADV
ger-561	280	20	few	few	ADJ
ger-561	280	21	speak	speak	VERB
ger-561	280	22	it	it	PRON
ger-561	280	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	280	24	either	either	CCONJ
ger-561	280	25	as	as	ADP
ger-561	280	26	a	a	DET
ger-561	280	27	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	280	28	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	280	29	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	280	30	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	280	31	according	accord	VERB
ger-561	280	32	to	to	ADP
ger-561	280	33	eberhard	eberhard	PROPN
ger-561	280	34	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	280	35	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	280	36	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	281	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	281	2	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	281	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	281	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	282	1	population	population	NOUN
ger-561	282	2	percentages	percentage	NOUN
ger-561	282	3	are	be	AUX
ger-561	282	4	taken	take	VERB
ger-561	282	5	here	here	ADV
ger-561	282	6	from	from	ADP
ger-561	282	7	five	five	NUM
ger-561	282	8	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	282	9	non	non	ADJ
ger-561	282	10	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	282	11	francophone	francophone	ADJ
ger-561	282	12	countries	country	NOUN
ger-561	282	13	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	282	14	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	282	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	282	16	with	with	ADP
ger-561	282	17	6	6	NUM
ger-561	282	18	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	282	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	282	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	282	21	population	population	NOUN
ger-561	282	22	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	282	23	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	282	24	as	as	ADP
ger-561	282	25	an	an	DET
ger-561	282	26	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	282	27	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	282	28	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	282	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	282	30	.2	.2	NUM
ger-561	282	31	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	282	32	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	282	33	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ger-561	282	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	282	35	32	32	NUM
ger-561	282	36	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	282	37	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	282	38	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	282	39	uganda	uganda	PROPN
ger-561	282	40	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	282	41	7	7	NUM
ger-561	282	42	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	282	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	283	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	283	2	case	case	NOUN
ger-561	283	3	among	among	ADP
ger-561	283	4	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	283	5	public	public	ADJ
ger-561	283	6	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	283	7	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	283	8	is	be	AUX
ger-561	283	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	283	10	course	course	NOUN
ger-561	283	11	more	more	ADV
ger-561	283	12	extreme	extreme	ADJ
ger-561	283	13	than	than	ADP
ger-561	283	14	that	that	PRON
ger-561	283	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	283	16	their	their	PRON
ger-561	283	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	283	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	284	1	further	further	ADJ
ger-561	284	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	284	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	284	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	284	5	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	284	6	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	284	7	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	284	8	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	284	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	284	10	experience	experience	NOUN
ger-561	284	11	shows	show	VERB
ger-561	284	12	up	up	ADP
ger-561	284	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	284	14	several	several	ADJ
ger-561	284	15	countries	country	NOUN
ger-561	284	16	studied	study	VERB
ger-561	284	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	285	1	ugandan	ugandan	PROPN
ger-561	285	2	teachers	teachers	PROPN
ger-561	285	3	had	have	VERB
ger-561	285	4	trouble	trouble	NOUN
ger-561	285	5	combining	combine	VERB
ger-561	285	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ger-561	285	7	subject	subject	ADJ
ger-561	285	8	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	285	9	with	with	ADP
ger-561	285	10	developing	develop	VERB
ger-561	285	11	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	285	12	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	285	13	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	285	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	285	15	orwenjo	orwenjo	NOUN
ger-561	285	16	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	285	17	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	285	18	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	285	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	285	20	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	285	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	285	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	286	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	286	2	kenyan	kenyan	ADJ
ger-561	286	3	coastal	coastal	ADJ
ger-561	286	4	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	286	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	286	6	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	286	7	observed	observe	VERB
ger-561	286	8	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	286	9	there	there	PRON
ger-561	286	10	was	be	VERB
ger-561	286	11	an	an	DET
ger-561	286	12	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
ger-561	286	13	on	on	ADP
ger-561	286	14	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	286	15	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	286	16	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	286	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	286	18	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	286	19	limited	limited	ADJ
ger-561	286	20	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ger-561	286	21	for	for	SCONJ
ger-561	286	22	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	286	23	to	to	PART
ger-561	286	24	interact	interact	VERB
ger-561	286	25	with	with	ADP
ger-561	286	26	text	text	NOUN
ger-561	286	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	286	28	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	286	29	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN
ger-561	286	30	in	in	ADP
ger-561	286	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	286	32	letter	letter	NOUN
ger-561	286	33	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	286	34	sound	sound	NOUN
ger-561	286	35	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ger-561	286	36	in	in	ADP
ger-561	286	37	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	286	38	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	286	39	dubeck	dubeck	PROPN
ger-561	286	40	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	286	41	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	286	42	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	286	43	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	286	44	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	286	45	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	286	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	287	1	some	some	DET
ger-561	287	2	kenyan	kenyan	ADJ
ger-561	287	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	287	4	did	do	AUX
ger-561	287	5	not	not	PART
ger-561	287	6	teach	teach	VERB
ger-561	287	7	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	287	8	phonics	phonic	NOUN
ger-561	287	9	at	at	ADV
ger-561	287	10	all	all	ADV
ger-561	287	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	287	12	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	287	13	they	they	PRON
ger-561	287	14	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	287	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	287	16	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	287	17	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	287	18	9	9	NUM
ger-561	287	19	did	do	AUX
ger-561	287	20	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	287	21	remember	remember	VERB
ger-561	287	22	it	it	PRON
ger-561	287	23	from	from	ADP
ger-561	287	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	287	25	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	287	26	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	287	27	dubeck	dubeck	PROPN
ger-561	287	28	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	287	29	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	287	30	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	287	31	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	287	32	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	287	33	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	287	34	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	288	1	tanzanian	tanzanian	ADJ
ger-561	288	2	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	288	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	288	4	believed	believe	VERB
ger-561	288	5	there	there	PRON
ger-561	288	6	should	should	AUX
ger-561	288	7	be	be	AUX
ger-561	288	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	288	9	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	288	10	service	service	NOUN
ger-561	288	11	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	288	12	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	288	13	they	they	PRON
ger-561	288	14	could	could	AUX
ger-561	288	15	improve	improve	VERB
ger-561	288	16	their	their	PRON
ger-561	288	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	288	18	approaches	approach	NOUN
ger-561	288	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	289	1	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	289	2	head	head	NOUN
ger-561	289	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	289	4	also	also	ADV
ger-561	289	5	believed	believe	VERB
ger-561	289	6	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	289	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	289	8	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	289	9	service	service	NOUN
ger-561	289	10	courses	course	NOUN
ger-561	289	11	for	for	ADP
ger-561	289	12	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	289	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	289	14	would	would	AUX
ger-561	289	15	help	help	VERB
ger-561	289	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	289	17	qorro	qorro	PROPN
ger-561	289	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	289	19	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	289	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	289	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	290	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	290	2	also	also	ADV
ger-561	290	3	felt	feel	VERB
ger-561	290	4	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	290	5	namibian	namibian	ADJ
ger-561	290	6	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	290	7	4	4	NUM
ger-561	290	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	290	9	needed	need	VERB
ger-561	290	10	additional	additional	ADJ
ger-561	290	11	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	290	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	290	13	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	290	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	290	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	290	16	wolfaardt	wolfaardt	NOUN
ger-561	290	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	290	18	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	290	19	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	290	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	290	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	291	1	finally	finally	ADV
ger-561	291	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	291	3	though	though	SCONJ
ger-561	291	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	291	5	need	need	NOUN
ger-561	291	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	291	7	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	291	8	instructional	instructional	ADJ
ger-561	291	9	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	291	10	is	be	AUX
ger-561	291	11	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ger-561	291	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	291	13	there	there	PRON
ger-561	291	14	is	be	VERB
ger-561	291	15	already	already	ADV
ger-561	291	16	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	291	17	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	291	18	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	291	19	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	291	20	makes	make	VERB
ger-561	291	21	a	a	DET
ger-561	291	22	big	big	ADJ
ger-561	291	23	difference	difference	NOUN
ger-561	291	24	in	in	ADP
ger-561	291	25	student	student	NOUN
ger-561	291	26	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	291	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	292	1	south	south	ADJ
ger-561	292	2	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	292	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	292	4	who	who	PRON
ger-561	292	5	received	receive	VERB
ger-561	292	6	coaching	coaching	NOUN
ger-561	292	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	292	8	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	292	9	as	as	ADP
ger-561	292	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	292	11	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	292	12	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	292	13	had	have	VERB
ger-561	292	14	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	292	15	with	with	ADP
ger-561	292	16	better	well	ADJ
ger-561	292	17	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	292	18	listening	listening	NOUN
ger-561	292	19	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	292	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	292	21	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	292	22	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	292	23	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	292	24	kotze	kotze	PROPN
ger-561	292	25	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	292	26	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	292	27	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	292	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	292	29	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	292	30	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	292	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	293	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	293	2	realistic	realistic	ADJ
ger-561	293	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ger-561	293	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	293	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	293	6	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	293	7	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	293	8	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	293	9	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	293	10	should	should	AUX
ger-561	293	11	be	be	AUX
ger-561	293	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	293	13	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	293	14	step	step	NOUN
ger-561	293	15	toward	toward	ADP
ger-561	293	16	bridging	bridge	VERB
ger-561	293	17	the	the	DET
ger-561	293	18	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	293	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	294	1	now	now	ADV
ger-561	294	2	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	294	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	294	4	need	need	NOUN
ger-561	294	5	for	for	ADP
ger-561	294	6	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	294	7	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	294	8	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	294	9	in	in	ADP
ger-561	294	10	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	294	11	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	294	12	public	public	ADJ
ger-561	294	13	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	294	14	is	be	AUX
ger-561	294	15	obvious	obvious	ADJ
ger-561	294	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	294	17	we	we	PRON
ger-561	294	18	can	can	AUX
ger-561	294	19	examine	examine	VERB
ger-561	294	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	294	21	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ger-561	294	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	294	23	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	294	24	programs	program	NOUN
ger-561	294	25	in	in	ADP
ger-561	294	26	the	the	DET
ger-561	294	27	rare	rare	ADJ
ger-561	294	28	cases	case	NOUN
ger-561	294	29	where	where	SCONJ
ger-561	294	30	they	they	PRON
ger-561	294	31	’ve	’ve	AUX
ger-561	294	32	been	be	AUX
ger-561	294	33	implemented	implement	VERB
ger-561	294	34	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	295	1	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	295	2	2.4	2.4	NUM
ger-561	295	3	tested	tested	ADJ
ger-561	295	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	295	5	proven	prove	VERB
ger-561	295	6	prototypes	prototype	NOUN
ger-561	295	7	for	for	ADP
ger-561	295	8	something	something	PRON
ger-561	295	9	better	well	ADV
ger-561	295	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	295	11	ile	ile	PROPN
ger-561	295	12	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	295	13	ife	ife	PROPN
ger-561	295	14	experiment	experiment	NOUN
ger-561	295	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	295	16	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ger-561	295	17	gives	give	VERB
ger-561	295	18	much	much	ADJ
ger-561	295	19	hope	hope	NOUN
ger-561	295	20	for	for	ADP
ger-561	295	21	a	a	DET
ger-561	295	22	heavy	heavy	ADJ
ger-561	295	23	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
ger-561	295	24	on	on	ADP
ger-561	295	25	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	295	26	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	295	27	before	before	SCONJ
ger-561	295	28	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	295	29	are	be	AUX
ger-561	295	30	exposed	expose	VERB
ger-561	295	31	to	to	ADP
ger-561	295	32	it	it	PRON
ger-561	295	33	in	in	ADP
ger-561	295	34	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	295	35	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	295	36	one	one	NUM
ger-561	295	37	of	of	ADP
ger-561	295	38	the	the	DET
ger-561	295	39	major	major	ADJ
ger-561	295	40	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
ger-561	295	41	the	the	DET
ger-561	295	42	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	295	43	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	295	44	had	have	VERB
ger-561	295	45	was	be	AUX
ger-561	295	46	that	that	PRON
ger-561	295	47	of	of	ADP
ger-561	295	48	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ger-561	295	49	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	295	50	the	the	DET
ger-561	295	51	correct	correct	ADJ
ger-561	295	52	staging	staging	NOUN
ger-561	295	53	of	of	ADP
ger-561	295	54	the	the	DET
ger-561	295	55	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	295	56	process	process	NOUN
ger-561	295	57	was	be	AUX
ger-561	295	58	adhered	adhere	VERB
ger-561	295	59	to	to	ADP
ger-561	295	60	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	296	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	296	2	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	296	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	296	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	296	5	project	project	NOUN
ger-561	296	6	had	have	VERB
ger-561	296	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	296	8	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	296	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	296	10	extensive	extensive	ADJ
ger-561	296	11	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	296	12	exercises	exercise	NOUN
ger-561	296	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	296	14	promote	promote	VERB
ger-561	296	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	296	16	functional	functional	ADJ
ger-561	296	17	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	296	18	of	of	ADP
ger-561	296	19	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	296	20	english	english	NOUN
ger-561	296	21	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	296	22	to	to	PART
ger-561	296	23	prepare	prepare	VERB
ger-561	296	24	pupils	pupil	NOUN
ger-561	296	25	adequately	adequately	ADV
ger-561	296	26	for	for	ADP
ger-561	296	27	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	296	28	with	with	ADP
ger-561	296	29	good	good	ADJ
ger-561	296	30	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	296	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	297	1	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	297	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	297	3	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	297	4	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	297	5	normally	normally	ADV
ger-561	297	6	started	start	VERB
ger-561	297	7	a	a	DET
ger-561	297	8	few	few	ADJ
ger-561	297	9	months	month	NOUN
ger-561	297	10	earlier	early	ADV
ger-561	297	11	in	in	ADP
ger-561	297	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	297	13	average	average	ADJ
ger-561	297	14	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	297	15	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	297	16	than	than	SCONJ
ger-561	297	17	was	be	AUX
ger-561	297	18	recommended	recommend	VERB
ger-561	297	19	on	on	ADP
ger-561	297	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	297	21	project	project	NOUN
ger-561	297	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	297	23	a	a	DET
ger-561	297	24	great	great	ADJ
ger-561	297	25	deal	deal	NOUN
ger-561	297	26	of	of	ADP
ger-561	297	27	pressure	pressure	NOUN
ger-561	297	28	was	be	AUX
ger-561	297	29	brought	bring	VERB
ger-561	297	30	by	by	ADP
ger-561	297	31	the	the	DET
ger-561	297	32	parents	parent	NOUN
ger-561	297	33	on	on	ADP
ger-561	297	34	the	the	DET
ger-561	297	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	297	36	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	297	37	for	for	ADP
ger-561	297	38	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	297	39	to	to	PART
ger-561	297	40	begin	begin	VERB
ger-561	297	41	at	at	ADP
ger-561	297	42	the	the	DET
ger-561	297	43	usual	usual	ADJ
ger-561	297	44	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	297	45	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	298	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	298	2	had	have	VERB
ger-561	298	3	to	to	PART
ger-561	298	4	be	be	AUX
ger-561	298	5	encouraged	encourage	VERB
ger-561	298	6	by	by	ADP
ger-561	298	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	298	8	supervisors	supervisor	NOUN
ger-561	298	9	to	to	PART
ger-561	298	10	abide	abide	VERB
ger-561	298	11	by	by	ADP
ger-561	298	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	298	13	project	project	NOUN
ger-561	298	14	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	298	15	until	until	SCONJ
ger-561	298	16	the	the	DET
ger-561	298	17	extended	extended	ADJ
ger-561	298	18	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	298	19	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	298	20	scheme	scheme	NOUN
ger-561	298	21	could	could	AUX
ger-561	298	22	be	be	AUX
ger-561	298	23	proved	prove	VERB
ger-561	298	24	superior	superior	ADJ
ger-561	298	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	299	1	when	when	SCONJ
ger-561	299	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	299	3	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	299	4	set	set	NOUN
ger-561	299	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	299	6	pupils	pupil	NOUN
ger-561	299	7	eventually	eventually	ADV
ger-561	299	8	began	begin	VERB
ger-561	299	9	to	to	PART
ger-561	299	10	read	read	VERB
ger-561	299	11	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	299	12	they	they	PRON
ger-561	299	13	proved	prove	VERB
ger-561	299	14	to	to	PART
ger-561	299	15	be	be	AUX
ger-561	299	16	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ger-561	299	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	299	18	avid	avid	ADJ
ger-561	299	19	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	299	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	299	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	299	22	parents	parent	NOUN
ger-561	299	23	relaxed	relax	VERB
ger-561	299	24	their	their	PRON
ger-561	299	25	pressure	pressure	NOUN
ger-561	299	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	299	27	the	the	DET
ger-561	299	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	299	29	felt	feel	VERB
ger-561	299	30	more	more	ADV
ger-561	299	31	confident	confident	ADJ
ger-561	299	32	to	to	PART
ger-561	299	33	continue	continue	VERB
ger-561	299	34	with	with	ADP
ger-561	299	35	the	the	DET
ger-561	299	36	scheme	scheme	NOUN
ger-561	299	37	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	299	38	fafunwa	fafunwa	PROPN
ger-561	299	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	299	40	1978	1978	NUM
ger-561	299	41	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	299	42	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	299	43	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	299	44	88	88	NUM
ger-561	299	45	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	299	46	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	300	1	crosslinguistic	crosslinguistic	ADJ
ger-561	300	2	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	300	3	shows	show	VERB
ger-561	300	4	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	300	5	competence	competence	NOUN
ger-561	300	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	300	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	300	8	target	target	NOUN
ger-561	300	9	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	300	10	accounts	account	NOUN
ger-561	300	11	for	for	ADP
ger-561	300	12	30	30	NUM
ger-561	300	13	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	300	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	300	15	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	300	16	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	300	17	’	’	PART
ger-561	300	18	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	300	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	300	20	lems	lem	NOUN
ger-561	300	21	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	300	22	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	300	23	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	300	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	300	25	2017	2017	NUM
ger-561	300	26	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	300	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	300	28	which	which	PRON
ger-561	300	29	is	be	AUX
ger-561	300	30	larger	large	ADJ
ger-561	300	31	than	than	ADP
ger-561	300	32	the	the	DET
ger-561	300	33	20	20	NUM
ger-561	300	34	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	300	35	of	of	ADP
ger-561	300	36	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	300	37	that	that	PRON
ger-561	300	38	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	300	39	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	300	40	accounts	account	VERB
ger-561	300	41	for	for	ADP
ger-561	300	42	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	300	43	showing	show	VERB
ger-561	300	44	how	how	SCONJ
ger-561	300	45	critical	critical	ADJ
ger-561	300	46	it	it	PRON
ger-561	300	47	is	be	AUX
ger-561	300	48	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	300	49	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	300	50	have	have	VERB
ger-561	300	51	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	300	52	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	300	53	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	300	54	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	300	55	before	before	SCONJ
ger-561	300	56	they	they	PRON
ger-561	300	57	read	read	VERB
ger-561	300	58	the	the	DET
ger-561	300	59	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	300	60	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	301	1	droop	droop	NOUN
ger-561	301	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	301	3	verhoeven	verhoeven	PROPN
ger-561	301	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	301	5	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	301	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	301	7	note	note	VERB
ger-561	301	8	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	301	9	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	301	10	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	301	11	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	301	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	301	13	strongly	strongly	ADV
ger-561	301	14	builds	build	VERB
ger-561	301	15	on	on	ADP
ger-561	301	16	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	301	17	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	301	18	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	301	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	301	20	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	301	21	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	301	22	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	301	23	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	301	24	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	301	25	may	may	AUX
ger-561	301	26	...	...	PUNCT
ger-561	301	27	experience	experience	VERB
ger-561	301	28	a	a	DET
ger-561	301	29	considerable	considerable	ADJ
ger-561	301	30	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	301	31	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	301	32	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	301	33	p.1	p.1	NOUN
ger-561	301	34	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	301	35	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	302	1	we	we	PRON
ger-561	302	2	have	have	AUX
ger-561	302	3	described	describe	VERB
ger-561	302	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	302	5	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	302	6	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	302	7	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	302	8	between	between	ADP
ger-561	302	9	native	native	ADJ
ger-561	302	10	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	302	11	speaking	speak	VERB
ger-561	302	12	countries	country	NOUN
ger-561	302	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	302	14	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	302	15	ones	one	NOUN
ger-561	302	16	as	as	ADP
ger-561	302	17	very	very	ADV
ger-561	302	18	large	large	ADJ
ger-561	302	19	indeed	indeed	ADV
ger-561	302	20	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	303	1	below	below	ADP
ger-561	303	2	we	we	PRON
ger-561	303	3	explore	explore	VERB
ger-561	303	4	current	current	ADJ
ger-561	303	5	attempts	attempt	NOUN
ger-561	303	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	303	7	narrow	narrow	VERB
ger-561	303	8	it	it	PRON
ger-561	303	9	for	for	ADP
ger-561	303	10	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	303	11	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	303	12	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	303	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	303	14	with	with	ADP
ger-561	303	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	303	16	hope	hope	NOUN
ger-561	303	17	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	303	18	by	by	ADP
ger-561	303	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	303	20	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	303	21	they	they	PRON
ger-561	303	22	reach	reach	VERB
ger-561	303	23	grades	grade	NOUN
ger-561	303	24	6	6	NUM
ger-561	303	25	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	303	26	7	7	NUM
ger-561	303	27	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	303	28	transition	transition	NOUN
ger-561	303	29	into	into	ADP
ger-561	303	30	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	303	31	only	only	ADV
ger-561	303	32	as	as	ADP
ger-561	303	33	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	303	34	of	of	ADP
ger-561	303	35	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	303	36	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	303	37	moi	moi	X
ger-561	303	38	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	303	39	in	in	ADP
ger-561	303	40	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	303	41	8	8	NUM
ger-561	303	42	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	303	43	they	they	PRON
ger-561	303	44	may	may	AUX
ger-561	303	45	continue	continue	VERB
ger-561	303	46	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	303	47	in	in	ADP
ger-561	303	48	all	all	DET
ger-561	303	49	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	303	50	of	of	ADP
ger-561	303	51	a	a	DET
ger-561	303	52	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	303	53	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	303	54	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	304	1	two	two	NUM
ger-561	304	2	kinds	kind	NOUN
ger-561	304	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	304	4	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ger-561	304	5	building	building	NOUN
ger-561	304	6	are	be	AUX
ger-561	304	7	essential	essential	ADJ
ger-561	304	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	304	9	1	1	NUM
ger-561	304	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	304	11	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	304	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	304	13	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	304	14	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	304	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	304	16	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	304	17	2	2	X
ger-561	304	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	304	19	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	304	20	to	to	PART
ger-561	304	21	teach	teach	VERB
ger-561	304	22	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	304	23	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	304	24	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	304	25	specialized	specialized	ADJ
ger-561	304	26	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	304	27	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	304	28	during	during	ADP
ger-561	304	29	the	the	DET
ger-561	304	30	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	304	31	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	304	32	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	304	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	305	1	so	so	ADV
ger-561	305	2	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	305	3	2	2	NUM
ger-561	305	4	should	should	AUX
ger-561	305	5	involve	involve	VERB
ger-561	305	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	305	7	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	305	8	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	305	9	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	305	10	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ger-561	305	11	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	305	12	shown	show	VERB
ger-561	305	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	305	14	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	305	15	5	5	NUM
ger-561	305	16	.	.	NOUN
ger-561	305	17	10	10	NUM
ger-561	305	18	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	305	19	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	305	20	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	305	21	7	7	NUM
ger-561	305	22	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	305	23	3	3	NUM
ger-561	305	24	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	305	25	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	305	26	5	5	NUM
ger-561	305	27	solution	solution	NOUN
ger-561	305	28	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	305	29	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	305	30	2	2	NUM
ger-561	305	31	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	305	32	2	2	NUM
ger-561	305	33	key	key	ADJ
ger-561	305	34	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	305	35	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	306	1	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	306	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	306	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	306	4	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	306	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	306	6	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	306	7	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	306	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	306	9	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	306	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	306	11	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	306	12	from	from	ADP
ger-561	306	13	all	all	DET
ger-561	306	14	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	306	15	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	306	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	306	17	it	it	PRON
ger-561	306	18	will	will	AUX
ger-561	306	19	be	be	AUX
ger-561	306	20	important	important	ADJ
ger-561	306	21	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	306	22	no	no	DET
ger-561	306	23	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	306	24	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	306	25	is	be	AUX
ger-561	306	26	introduced	introduce	VERB
ger-561	306	27	while	while	SCONJ
ger-561	306	28	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	306	29	are	be	AUX
ger-561	306	30	still	still	ADV
ger-561	306	31	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	306	32	to	to	PART
ger-561	306	33	decode	decode	VERB
ger-561	306	34	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	306	35	process	process	VERB
ger-561	306	36	their	their	PRON
ger-561	306	37	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	306	38	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	306	39	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	306	40	classes	class	NOUN
ger-561	306	41	1	1	NUM
ger-561	306	42	-	-	SYM
ger-561	306	43	5	5	NUM
ger-561	306	44	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	306	45	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	306	46	avoiding	avoid	VERB
ger-561	306	47	interference	interference	NOUN
ger-561	306	48	from	from	ADP
ger-561	306	49	conflicting	conflict	VERB
ger-561	306	50	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	306	51	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	307	1	implementers	implementer	NOUN
ger-561	307	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	307	3	insist	insist	VERB
ger-561	307	4	upon	upon	SCONJ
ger-561	307	5	adherence	adherence	NOUN
ger-561	307	6	to	to	ADP
ger-561	307	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	307	8	plan	plan	NOUN
ger-561	307	9	to	to	PART
ger-561	307	10	delay	delay	VERB
ger-561	307	11	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	307	12	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	307	13	until	until	SCONJ
ger-561	307	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	307	15	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	307	16	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	307	17	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	307	18	can	can	AUX
ger-561	307	19	be	be	AUX
ger-561	307	20	introduced	introduce	VERB
ger-561	307	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	307	22	fafunwa	fafunwa	PROPN
ger-561	307	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	307	24	1978	1978	NUM
ger-561	307	25	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	307	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	307	27	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	307	28	until	until	SCONJ
ger-561	307	29	enough	enough	ADJ
ger-561	307	30	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	307	31	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	307	32	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ger-561	307	33	can	can	AUX
ger-561	307	34	be	be	AUX
ger-561	307	35	mastered	master	VERB
ger-561	307	36	to	to	PART
ger-561	307	37	support	support	VERB
ger-561	307	38	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	307	39	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	307	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	308	1	kusumarasdyati	kusumarasdyati	PROPN
ger-561	308	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	308	3	ramadhani	ramadhani	ADJ
ger-561	308	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	308	5	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	308	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	308	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	308	8	while	while	SCONJ
ger-561	308	9	recognizing	recognize	VERB
ger-561	308	10	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	308	11	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	308	12	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	308	13	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	308	14	promote	promote	VERB
ger-561	308	15	successful	successful	ADJ
ger-561	308	16	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	308	17	in	in	ADP
ger-561	308	18	an	an	DET
ger-561	308	19	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	308	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	308	21	note	note	VERB
ger-561	308	22	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	308	23	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	308	24	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	308	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	308	26	should	should	AUX
ger-561	308	27	ensure	ensure	VERB
ger-561	308	28	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	308	29	the	the	DET
ger-561	308	30	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	308	31	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	308	32	fl	fl	NOUN
ger-561	309	1	[	[	X
ger-561	309	2	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	309	3	]	]	PUNCT
ger-561	309	4	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	309	5	passes	pass	VERB
ger-561	309	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	309	7	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ger-561	309	8	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	309	9	to	to	PART
ger-561	309	10	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
ger-561	309	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	309	12	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	309	13	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	309	14	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	309	15	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	309	16	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	309	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	309	18	p.5	p.5	NOUN
ger-561	309	19	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	309	20	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	310	1	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	310	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	310	3	have	have	AUX
ger-561	310	4	reached	reach	VERB
ger-561	310	5	that	that	DET
ger-561	310	6	same	same	ADJ
ger-561	310	7	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ger-561	310	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	310	9	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	310	10	need	need	VERB
ger-561	310	11	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	310	12	to	to	PART
ger-561	310	13	master	master	VERB
ger-561	310	14	an	an	DET
ger-561	310	15	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	310	16	in	in	ADP
ger-561	310	17	order	order	NOUN
ger-561	310	18	to	to	PART
ger-561	310	19	read	read	VERB
ger-561	310	20	it	it	PRON
ger-561	310	21	with	with	ADP
ger-561	310	22	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	310	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	311	1	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	311	2	support	support	NOUN
ger-561	311	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	311	4	cummins	cummin	NOUN
ger-561	311	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	311	6	1976	1976	NUM
ger-561	311	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	311	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	311	9	toukomaa	toukomaa	PROPN
ger-561	311	10	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	311	11	skutnab	skutnab	PROPN
ger-561	311	12	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	311	13	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	311	14	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	311	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	311	16	1977	1977	NUM
ger-561	311	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	311	18	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ger-561	311	19	theory	theory	NOUN
ger-561	311	20	is	be	AUX
ger-561	311	21	evident	evident	ADJ
ger-561	311	22	in	in	ADP
ger-561	311	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	311	24	literature	literature	NOUN
ger-561	311	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	311	26	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ger-561	311	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	311	28	bialystok	bialystok	ADJ
ger-561	311	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	311	30	2001	2001	NUM
ger-561	311	31	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	311	32	clarkson	clarkson	PROPN
ger-561	311	33	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	311	34	galbraith	galbraith	PROPN
ger-561	311	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	311	36	1992	1992	NUM
ger-561	311	37	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	311	38	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	311	39	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	311	40	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	311	41	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	311	42	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	312	1	as	as	ADP
ger-561	312	2	competence	competence	NOUN
ger-561	312	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	312	4	two	two	NUM
ger-561	312	5	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	312	6	increases	increase	NOUN
ger-561	312	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	312	8	so	so	ADV
ger-561	312	9	do	do	VERB
ger-561	312	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	312	11	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
ger-561	312	12	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	312	13	for	for	ADP
ger-561	312	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	312	15	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	312	16	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	312	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	312	18	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	312	19	as	as	ADP
ger-561	312	20	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
ger-561	312	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	313	1	cummins	cummin	NOUN
ger-561	313	2	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	313	3	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ger-561	313	4	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ger-561	313	5	seems	seem	VERB
ger-561	313	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	313	7	be	be	AUX
ger-561	313	8	borne	bear	VERB
ger-561	313	9	out	out	ADP
ger-561	313	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	313	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	313	12	decades	decade	NOUN
ger-561	313	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	313	14	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	313	15	carried	carry	VERB
ger-561	313	16	out	out	ADP
ger-561	313	17	around	around	ADP
ger-561	313	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	313	19	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	313	20	by	by	ADP
ger-561	313	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	313	22	above	above	ADJ
ger-561	313	23	mentioned	mention	VERB
ger-561	313	24	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	313	25	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	313	26	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	313	27	others	other	NOUN
ger-561	313	28	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	314	1	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	314	2	2	2	NUM
ger-561	314	3	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	314	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	315	1	esl	esl	PROPN
ger-561	315	2	curriculum	curriculum	PROPN
ger-561	315	3	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	315	4	begins	begin	VERB
ger-561	315	5	with	with	ADP
ger-561	315	6	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	315	7	2	2	NUM
ger-561	315	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	315	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	315	10	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ger-561	315	11	is	be	AUX
ger-561	315	12	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	315	13	via	via	ADP
ger-561	315	14	college	college	NOUN
ger-561	315	15	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	315	16	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	315	17	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
ger-561	315	18	inservice	inservice	NOUN
ger-561	315	19	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	315	20	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	315	21	preferable	preferable	ADJ
ger-561	315	22	from	from	ADP
ger-561	315	23	british	british	ADJ
ger-561	315	24	trainers	trainer	NOUN
ger-561	315	25	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	315	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	316	1	classroom	classroom	NOUN
ger-561	316	2	esl	esl	PROPN
ger-561	316	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	316	4	begins	begin	VERB
ger-561	316	5	at	at	ADP
ger-561	316	6	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	316	7	2	2	NUM
ger-561	316	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	316	9	continues	continue	VERB
ger-561	316	10	through	through	ADP
ger-561	316	11	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	316	12	7	7	NUM
ger-561	316	13	.	.	NOUN
ger-561	316	14	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	316	15	2	2	NUM
ger-561	316	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	316	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	317	1	•	•	NUM
ger-561	317	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	317	3	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	317	4	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	317	5	specialists	specialist	NOUN
ger-561	317	6	capable	capable	ADJ
ger-561	317	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	317	8	involving	involve	VERB
ger-561	317	9	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	317	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	317	11	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	317	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	317	13	using	use	VERB
ger-561	317	14	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	317	15	to	to	PART
ger-561	317	16	understand	understand	VERB
ger-561	317	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	317	18	express	express	VERB
ger-561	317	19	themselves	themselves	PRON
ger-561	317	20	in	in	ADP
ger-561	317	21	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	317	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	318	1	•	•	NUM
ger-561	318	2	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	318	3	progressing	progress	VERB
ger-561	318	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	318	5	mastering	master	VERB
ger-561	318	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	318	7	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	318	8	orally	orally	ADV
ger-561	318	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	319	1	•	•	ADP
ger-561	319	2	their	their	PRON
ger-561	319	3	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	319	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	319	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	319	6	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	319	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	319	8	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	319	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	319	10	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
ger-561	319	11	contrasts	contrast	NOUN
ger-561	319	12	between	between	ADP
ger-561	319	13	12	12	NUM
ger-561	319	14	english	english	NOUN
ger-561	319	15	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	319	16	16	16	NUM
ger-561	319	17	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	319	18	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	319	19	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	319	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	319	21	including	include	VERB
ger-561	319	22	4	4	NUM
ger-561	319	23	nasals	nasal	NOUN
ger-561	319	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	319	25	collins	collins	PROPN
ger-561	319	26	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	319	27	mees	mees	PROPN
ger-561	319	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	319	29	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	319	30	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	319	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	320	1	3	3	X
ger-561	320	2	.	.	X
ger-561	320	3	how	how	SCONJ
ger-561	320	4	might	might	AUX
ger-561	320	5	a	a	DET
ger-561	320	6	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	320	7	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	320	8	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	320	9	provide	provide	VERB
ger-561	320	10	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
ger-561	320	11	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	320	12	to	to	ADP
ger-561	320	13	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	320	14	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	320	15	for	for	ADP
ger-561	320	16	all	all	DET
ger-561	320	17	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	320	18	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	320	19	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	321	1	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	321	2	a	a	DET
ger-561	321	3	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	321	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	321	5	fully	fully	ADV
ger-561	321	6	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	321	7	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	321	8	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	321	9	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	321	10	has	have	AUX
ger-561	321	11	been	be	AUX
ger-561	321	12	undertaken	undertake	VERB
ger-561	321	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	321	14	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	321	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	321	16	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	321	17	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	321	18	has	have	AUX
ger-561	321	19	been	be	AUX
ger-561	321	20	taught	teach	VERB
ger-561	321	21	well	well	ADV
ger-561	321	22	over	over	ADP
ger-561	321	23	several	several	ADJ
ger-561	321	24	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	321	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	321	26	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	321	27	will	will	AUX
ger-561	321	28	have	have	VERB
ger-561	321	29	the	the	DET
ger-561	321	30	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ger-561	321	31	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	321	32	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ger-561	321	33	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	321	34	the	the	DET
ger-561	321	35	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	321	36	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	321	37	11	11	NUM
ger-561	321	38	background	background	NOUN
ger-561	321	39	they	they	PRON
ger-561	321	40	need	need	VERB
ger-561	321	41	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	321	42	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	321	43	away	away	ADV
ger-561	321	44	they	they	PRON
ger-561	321	45	go	go	VERB
ger-561	321	46	toward	toward	ADP
ger-561	321	47	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	321	48	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	321	49	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	322	1	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	322	2	by	by	ADP
ger-561	322	3	laufer	laufer	NOUN
ger-561	322	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	322	5	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	322	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	322	7	suggests	suggest	VERB
ger-561	322	8	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	322	9	adult	adult	NOUN
ger-561	322	10	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	322	11	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	322	12	must	must	AUX
ger-561	322	13	master	master	VERB
ger-561	322	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	322	15	base	base	ADJ
ger-561	322	16	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	322	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	322	18	3000	3000	NUM
ger-561	322	19	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	322	20	families	family	NOUN
ger-561	322	21	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	322	22	about	about	ADV
ger-561	322	23	5000	5000	NUM
ger-561	322	24	individual	individual	ADJ
ger-561	322	25	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	322	26	form	form	NOUN
ger-561	322	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	322	28	in	in	ADP
ger-561	322	29	order	order	NOUN
ger-561	322	30	to	to	PART
ger-561	322	31	reach	reach	VERB
ger-561	322	32	a	a	DET
ger-561	322	33	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ger-561	322	34	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	322	35	of	of	ADP
ger-561	322	36	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	322	37	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	322	38	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	323	1	below	below	ADP
ger-561	323	2	this	this	DET
ger-561	323	3	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	323	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	323	5	a	a	DET
ger-561	323	6	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	323	7	can	can	AUX
ger-561	323	8	not	not	PART
ger-561	323	9	fully	fully	ADV
ger-561	323	10	comprehend	comprehend	VERB
ger-561	323	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	323	12	typical	typical	ADJ
ger-561	323	13	adult	adult	NOUN
ger-561	323	14	text	text	NOUN
ger-561	323	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	324	1	at	at	ADP
ger-561	324	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	324	3	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	324	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	324	5	their	their	PRON
ger-561	324	6	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	324	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	324	8	conducted	conduct	VERB
ger-561	324	9	with	with	ADP
ger-561	324	10	adult	adult	NOUN
ger-561	324	11	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	324	12	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	324	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	324	14	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	324	15	a	a	DET
ger-561	324	16	good	good	ADJ
ger-561	324	17	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	324	18	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	324	19	knows	know	VERB
ger-561	324	20	around	around	ADP
ger-561	324	21	5000	5000	NUM
ger-561	324	22	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	324	23	in	in	ADP
ger-561	324	24	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	324	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	324	26	he	he	PRON
ger-561	324	27	/	/	SYM
ger-561	324	28	she	she	PRON
ger-561	324	29	will	will	AUX
ger-561	324	30	be	be	AUX
ger-561	324	31	able	able	ADJ
ger-561	324	32	to	to	PART
ger-561	324	33	perform	perform	VERB
ger-561	324	34	well	well	ADV
ger-561	324	35	enough	enough	ADV
ger-561	324	36	to	to	PART
ger-561	324	37	achieve	achieve	VERB
ger-561	324	38	a	a	DET
ger-561	324	39	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ger-561	324	40	passing	pass	VERB
ger-561	324	41	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	324	42	on	on	ADP
ger-561	324	43	a	a	DET
ger-561	324	44	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	324	45	test	test	NOUN
ger-561	324	46	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	324	47	with	with	ADP
ger-561	324	48	56	56	NUM
ger-561	324	49	%	%	NOUN
ger-561	324	50	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	324	51	as	as	ADP
ger-561	324	52	the	the	DET
ger-561	324	53	standard	standard	NOUN
ger-561	324	54	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	325	1	context	context	PROPN
ger-561	325	2	3.1	3.1	NUM
ger-561	326	1	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	326	2	there	there	PRON
ger-561	326	3	is	be	VERB
ger-561	326	4	a	a	DET
ger-561	326	5	big	big	ADJ
ger-561	326	6	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	326	7	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	326	8	between	between	ADP
ger-561	326	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	326	10	colonial	colonial	NOUN
ger-561	326	11	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	326	12	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	326	13	writing	write	VERB
ger-561	326	14	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	326	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	326	16	those	those	PRON
ger-561	326	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	326	18	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	326	19	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	326	20	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	326	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	327	1	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	327	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ger-561	327	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	327	4	psycholinguists	psycholinguist	NOUN
ger-561	327	5	agree	agree	VERB
ger-561	327	6	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	327	7	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	327	8	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	327	9	can	can	AUX
ger-561	327	10	be	be	AUX
ger-561	327	11	defined	define	VERB
ger-561	327	12	as	as	ADP
ger-561	327	13	automatic	automatic	ADJ
ger-561	327	14	activation	activation	NOUN
ger-561	327	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	327	16	wellrehearsed	wellrehearse	VERB
ger-561	327	17	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	327	18	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	327	19	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	327	20	mapping	mapping	NOUN
ger-561	327	21	procedures	procedure	NOUN
ger-561	327	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	327	23	triggered	trigger	VERB
ger-561	327	24	by	by	ADP
ger-561	327	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	327	26	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	327	27	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	327	28	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	327	29	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	327	30	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	327	31	input	input	NOUN
ger-561	327	32	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	327	33	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	327	34	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	327	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	327	36	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	327	37	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	327	38	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	328	1	however	however	ADV
ger-561	328	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	328	3	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	328	4	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	328	5	face	face	VERB
ger-561	328	6	another	another	DET
ger-561	328	7	hurdle	hurdle	NOUN
ger-561	328	8	to	to	ADP
ger-561	328	9	this	this	DET
ger-561	328	10	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	328	11	automatic	automatic	ADJ
ger-561	328	12	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	328	13	activation	activation	NOUN
ger-561	328	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	329	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	329	2	most	most	ADV
ger-561	329	3	recently	recently	ADV
ger-561	329	4	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	329	5	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	329	6	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	329	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	329	8	there	there	PRON
ger-561	329	9	is	be	VERB
ger-561	329	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	329	11	fairly	fairly	ADV
ger-561	329	12	close	close	ADJ
ger-561	329	13	matching	matching	NOUN
ger-561	329	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	329	15	symbols	symbol	NOUN
ger-561	329	16	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	329	17	sounds	sound	VERB
ger-561	329	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	330	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	330	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	330	3	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	330	4	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	330	5	are	be	AUX
ger-561	330	6	not	not	PART
ger-561	330	7	transparent	transparent	ADJ
ger-561	330	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	330	9	shallow	shallow	ADJ
ger-561	330	10	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	330	11	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ger-561	330	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	330	13	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	330	14	those	those	DET
ger-561	330	15	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	330	16	used	use	VERB
ger-561	330	17	a	a	DET
ger-561	330	18	roman	roman	ADJ
ger-561	330	19	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN
ger-561	330	20	to	to	PART
ger-561	330	21	represent	represent	VERB
ger-561	330	22	their	their	PRON
ger-561	330	23	sound	sound	NOUN
ger-561	330	24	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	330	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	330	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	330	27	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	330	28	alphabet	alphabet	PROPN
ger-561	330	29	did	do	AUX
ger-561	330	30	not	not	PART
ger-561	330	31	have	have	VERB
ger-561	330	32	enough	enough	ADJ
ger-561	330	33	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	330	34	symbols	symbol	NOUN
ger-561	330	35	to	to	PART
ger-561	330	36	represent	represent	VERB
ger-561	330	37	all	all	DET
ger-561	330	38	their	their	PRON
ger-561	330	39	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	330	40	contrasts	contrast	VERB
ger-561	330	41	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	331	1	this	this	PRON
ger-561	331	2	means	mean	VERB
ger-561	331	3	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	331	4	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	331	5	who	who	PRON
ger-561	331	6	have	have	AUX
ger-561	331	7	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	331	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	331	9	using	use	VERB
ger-561	331	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	331	11	system	system	NOUN
ger-561	331	12	with	with	ADP
ger-561	331	13	fairly	fairly	ADV
ger-561	331	14	close	close	ADJ
ger-561	331	15	one	one	NUM
ger-561	331	16	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	331	17	to	to	ADP
ger-561	331	18	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	331	19	one	one	NUM
ger-561	331	20	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
ger-561	331	21	between	between	ADP
ger-561	331	22	symbols	symbol	NOUN
ger-561	331	23	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	331	24	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	331	25	must	must	AUX
ger-561	331	26	now	now	ADV
ger-561	331	27	look	look	VERB
ger-561	331	28	at	at	ADP
ger-561	331	29	a	a	DET
ger-561	331	30	larger	large	ADJ
ger-561	331	31	grain	grain	NOUN
ger-561	331	32	size	size	NOUN
ger-561	331	33	within	within	ADP
ger-561	331	34	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	331	35	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	331	36	memorize	memorize	VERB
ger-561	331	37	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	331	38	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	331	39	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	331	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	332	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	332	2	all	all	DET
ger-561	332	3	cases	case	NOUN
ger-561	332	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	332	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	332	6	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	332	7	below	below	ADV
ger-561	332	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	332	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	332	10	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	332	11	must	must	AUX
ger-561	332	12	look	look	VERB
ger-561	332	13	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	332	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	332	15	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	332	16	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	332	17	symbol	symbol	NOUN
ger-561	332	18	to	to	ADP
ger-561	332	19	a	a	DET
ger-561	332	20	letter	letter	NOUN
ger-561	332	21	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	332	22	letters	letter	NOUN
ger-561	332	23	which	which	PRON
ger-561	332	24	follow	follow	VERB
ger-561	332	25	it	it	PRON
ger-561	332	26	in	in	ADP
ger-561	332	27	order	order	NOUN
ger-561	332	28	to	to	PART
ger-561	332	29	access	access	VERB
ger-561	332	30	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
ger-561	332	31	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	332	32	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	332	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	333	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	333	2	6	6	NUM
ger-561	333	3	grain	grain	NOUN
ger-561	333	4	sizes	size	NOUN
ger-561	333	5	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ger-561	333	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	333	7	indicate	indicate	VERB
ger-561	333	8	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	333	9	short	short	ADJ
ger-561	333	10	vs.	vs.	ADP
ger-561	333	11	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	333	12	vowels	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	333	13	man	man	VERB
ger-561	333	14	main	main	ADJ
ger-561	333	15	mane	mane	NOUN
ger-561	333	16	champagne	champagne	NOUN
ger-561	333	17	pan	pan	PROPN
ger-561	333	18	pain	pain	PROPN
ger-561	333	19	pane	pane	NOUN
ger-561	333	20	campaign	campaign	NOUN
ger-561	333	21	ran	run	VERB
ger-561	333	22	rain	rain	NOUN
ger-561	333	23	lane	lane	PROPN
ger-561	333	24	reign	reign	PROPN
ger-561	333	25	plan	plan	NOUN
ger-561	333	26	plain	plain	ADJ
ger-561	333	27	plane	plane	NOUN
ger-561	333	28	feign	feign	NOUN
ger-561	333	29	can	can	AUX
ger-561	333	30	list	list	VERB
ger-561	333	31	1.1	1.1	NUM
ger-561	333	32	cain	cain	NOUN
ger-561	333	33	list	list	NOUN
ger-561	333	34	1.2	1.2	NUM
ger-561	333	35	cane	cane	NOUN
ger-561	333	36	list	list	NOUN
ger-561	333	37	1.3	1.3	NUM
ger-561	333	38	duquesne	duquesne	PROPN
ger-561	333	39	list	list	NOUN
ger-561	333	40	1.4	1.4	NUM
ger-561	333	41	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	333	42	processing	processing	NOUN
ger-561	333	43	has	have	AUX
ger-561	333	44	been	be	AUX
ger-561	333	45	shown	show	VERB
ger-561	333	46	to	to	PART
ger-561	333	47	contribute	contribute	VERB
ger-561	333	48	to	to	ADP
ger-561	333	49	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	333	50	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	333	51	for	for	ADP
ger-561	333	52	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	333	53	of	of	ADP
ger-561	333	54	either	either	CCONJ
ger-561	333	55	high	high	ADJ
ger-561	333	56	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	333	57	low	low	ADJ
ger-561	333	58	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	333	59	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	333	60	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	333	61	for	for	ADP
ger-561	333	62	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	333	63	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ger-561	333	64	in	in	ADP
ger-561	333	65	good	good	ADJ
ger-561	333	66	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	333	67	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	333	68	cardosomartins	cardosomartin	NOUN
ger-561	333	69	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	333	70	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	333	71	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	333	72	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	333	73	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	333	74	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	333	75	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	333	76	probert	probert	PROPN
ger-561	333	77	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	333	78	de	de	X
ger-561	333	79	vos	vos	PROPN
ger-561	333	80	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	333	81	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	333	82	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	333	83	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	334	1	for	for	SCONJ
ger-561	334	2	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	334	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	334	4	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	334	5	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	334	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	334	7	transfer	transfer	VERB
ger-561	334	8	to	to	ADP
ger-561	334	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	334	10	very	very	ADV
ger-561	334	11	deep	deep	ADJ
ger-561	334	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	334	13	inconsistently	inconsistently	ADV
ger-561	334	14	spelled	spell	VERB
ger-561	334	15	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	334	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	334	17	they	they	PRON
ger-561	334	18	will	will	AUX
ger-561	334	19	need	need	VERB
ger-561	334	20	to	to	PART
ger-561	334	21	make	make	VERB
ger-561	334	22	some	some	DET
ger-561	334	23	changes	change	NOUN
ger-561	334	24	in	in	ADP
ger-561	334	25	their	their	PRON
ger-561	334	26	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	334	27	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	334	28	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	334	29	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	334	30	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	334	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	335	1	rakhlin	rakhlin	PROPN
ger-561	335	2	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	335	3	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	335	4	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	336	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	336	2	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	336	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	336	4	noted	note	VERB
ger-561	336	5	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	336	6	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	336	7	this	this	DET
ger-561	336	8	finding	finding	NOUN
ger-561	336	9	[	[	PUNCT
ger-561	336	10	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	336	11	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	336	12	will	will	AUX
ger-561	336	13	need	need	VERB
ger-561	336	14	to	to	PART
ger-561	336	15	use	use	VERB
ger-561	336	16	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	336	17	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	336	18	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	336	19	]	]	PUNCT
ger-561	336	20	suggests	suggest	VERB
ger-561	336	21	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	336	22	interventions	intervention	NOUN
ger-561	336	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	336	24	particularly	particularly	ADV
ger-561	336	25	for	for	ADP
ger-561	336	26	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	336	27	past	past	ADP
ger-561	336	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	336	29	initial	initial	ADJ
ger-561	336	30	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	336	31	of	of	ADP
ger-561	336	32	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	336	33	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	336	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	336	35	should	should	AUX
ger-561	336	36	include	include	VERB
ger-561	336	37	training	training	NOUN
ger-561	336	38	for	for	ADP
ger-561	336	39	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	336	40	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	336	41	processing	processing	NOUN
ger-561	336	42	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	336	43	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	336	44	unitized	unitized	ADJ
ger-561	336	45	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	336	46	to	to	ADP
ger-561	336	47	a	a	DET
ger-561	336	48	much	much	ADV
ger-561	336	49	greater	great	ADJ
ger-561	336	50	extent	extent	NOUN
ger-561	336	51	than	than	SCONJ
ger-561	336	52	is	be	AUX
ger-561	336	53	currently	currently	ADV
ger-561	336	54	done	do	VERB
ger-561	336	55	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	336	56	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	337	1	these	these	DET
ger-561	337	2	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	337	3	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	337	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	337	5	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	337	6	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	337	7	french	french	NOUN
ger-561	337	8	must	must	AUX
ger-561	337	9	now	now	ADV
ger-561	337	10	balance	balance	VERB
ger-561	337	11	their	their	PRON
ger-561	337	12	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	337	13	prowess	prowess	NOUN
ger-561	337	14	with	with	ADP
ger-561	337	15	attention	attention	NOUN
ger-561	337	16	to	to	ADP
ger-561	337	17	context	context	PROPN
ger-561	337	18	clues	clue	NOUN
ger-561	337	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	337	20	memorized	memorized	ADJ
ger-561	337	21	spellings	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	337	22	for	for	ADP
ger-561	337	23	both	both	DET
ger-561	337	24	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	337	25	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	337	26	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
ger-561	337	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	337	28	using	use	VERB
ger-561	337	29	a	a	DET
ger-561	337	30	sub	sub	ADJ
ger-561	337	31	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	337	32	lexical	lexical	ADJ
ger-561	337	33	route	route	NOUN
ger-561	337	34	to	to	ADP
ger-561	337	35	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	337	36	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	337	37	probert	probert	PROPN
ger-561	337	38	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	337	39	de	de	X
ger-561	337	40	vos	vos	PROPN
ger-561	337	41	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	337	42	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	337	43	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	337	44	randall	randall	PROPN
ger-561	337	45	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	337	46	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	337	47	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	337	48	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	338	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	338	2	has	have	VERB
ger-561	338	3	12	12	NUM
ger-561	338	4	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	338	5	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	338	6	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	338	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	338	8	dsf	dsf	NOUN
ger-561	338	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	338	10	resources	resource	NOUN
ger-561	338	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	338	12	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	338	13	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	338	14	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	338	15	several	several	ADJ
ger-561	338	16	complex	complex	ADJ
ger-561	338	17	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	338	18	onsets	onset	NOUN
ger-561	338	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	338	20	codas	coda	NOUN
ger-561	338	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	339	1	expected	expect	VERB
ger-561	339	2	problems	problem	NOUN
ger-561	339	3	include	include	VERB
ger-561	339	4	consonant	consonant	ADJ
ger-561	339	5	clusters	cluster	NOUN
ger-561	339	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	339	7	short	short	ADJ
ger-561	339	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	339	9	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	339	10	vowels	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	339	11	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
ger-561	339	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	339	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	339	14	substitution	substitution	NOUN
ger-561	339	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	339	16	certain	certain	ADJ
ger-561	339	17	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	339	18	letters	letter	NOUN
ger-561	339	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	339	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	339	21	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	339	22	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	339	23	final	final	ADJ
ger-561	339	24	clusters	cluster	NOUN
ger-561	339	25	which	which	PRON
ger-561	339	26	often	often	ADV
ger-561	339	27	indicate	indicate	VERB
ger-561	339	28	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	339	29	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	339	30	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	339	31	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	339	32	12	12	NUM
ger-561	339	33	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	339	34	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	339	35	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	339	36	7	7	NUM
ger-561	339	37	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	339	38	3	3	NUM
ger-561	339	39	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	339	40	as	as	ADV
ger-561	339	41	tense	tense	ADJ
ger-561	339	42	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	339	43	plurality	plurality	NOUN
ger-561	339	44	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	339	45	randall	randall	PROPN
ger-561	339	46	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	339	47	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	339	48	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	339	49	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	340	1	presumably	presumably	ADV
ger-561	340	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	340	3	harder	hard	ADJ
ger-561	340	4	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	340	5	grapheme	grapheme	NOUN
ger-561	340	6	combinations	combination	NOUN
ger-561	340	7	would	would	AUX
ger-561	340	8	follow	follow	VERB
ger-561	340	9	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	340	10	ones	one	NOUN
ger-561	340	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	12	i.e.	i.e.	X
ger-561	340	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	14	<	<	X
ger-561	340	15	ay	ay	X
ger-561	340	16	>	>	X
ger-561	340	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	18	<	<	X
ger-561	340	19	ai	ai	VERB
ger-561	340	20	>	>	X
ger-561	340	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	22	<	<	X
ger-561	340	23	ee	ee	X
ger-561	340	24	>	>	PROPN
ger-561	340	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	26	<	<	X
ger-561	340	27	ea	ea	X
ger-561	340	28	>	>	PUNCT
ger-561	340	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	30	<	<	X
ger-561	340	31	oo	oo	INTJ
ger-561	340	32	>	>	X
ger-561	340	33	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	34	<	<	X
ger-561	340	35	oa	oa	X
ger-561	340	36	>	>	X
ger-561	340	37	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	38	<	<	X
ger-561	340	39	ace	ace	X
ger-561	340	40	>	>	X
ger-561	340	41	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	340	42	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	340	43	more	more	ADJ
ger-561	340	44	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	340	45	schroeder	schroeder	NOUN
ger-561	340	46	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	340	47	2007	2007	NUM
ger-561	340	48	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	340	49	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	341	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	341	2	more	more	ADJ
ger-561	341	3	information	information	NOUN
ger-561	341	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	341	5	see	see	VERB
ger-561	341	6	cook	cook	NOUN
ger-561	341	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	341	8	2004	2004	NUM
ger-561	341	9	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	341	10	johnston	johnston	PROPN
ger-561	341	11	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	341	12	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	341	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	341	14	2009	2009	NUM
ger-561	341	15	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	341	16	bear	bear	PROPN
ger-561	341	17	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	341	18	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	341	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	341	20	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	341	21	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	341	22	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	341	23	tyner	tyner	PROPN
ger-561	341	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	341	25	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	341	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	342	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	342	2	significant	significant	ADJ
ger-561	342	3	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	342	4	feature	feature	NOUN
ger-561	342	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	342	6	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	342	7	is	be	AUX
ger-561	342	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	342	9	fact	fact	NOUN
ger-561	342	10	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	342	11	virtually	virtually	ADV
ger-561	342	12	none	none	NOUN
ger-561	342	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	342	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	342	15	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	342	16	letters	letter	NOUN
ger-561	342	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	342	18	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	342	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	342	20	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	342	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	342	22	less	less	ADV
ger-561	342	23	significant	significant	ADJ
ger-561	342	24	for	for	ADP
ger-561	342	25	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	342	26	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	342	27	match	match	VERB
ger-561	342	28	the	the	DET
ger-561	342	29	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	342	30	those	those	DET
ger-561	342	31	letters	letter	NOUN
ger-561	342	32	are	be	AUX
ger-561	342	33	given	give	VERB
ger-561	342	34	in	in	ADP
ger-561	342	35	their	their	PRON
ger-561	342	36	l1s	l1s	ADJ
ger-561	342	37	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	343	1	maasai	maasai	PROPN
ger-561	343	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	343	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	343	4	nilotic	nilotic	ADJ
ger-561	343	5	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	343	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	343	7	is	be	AUX
ger-561	343	8	an	an	DET
ger-561	343	9	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	343	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	343	11	this	this	PRON
ger-561	343	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	344	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	344	2	chart	chart	NOUN
ger-561	344	3	below	below	ADV
ger-561	344	4	compares	compare	VERB
ger-561	344	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	344	6	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	344	7	5	5	NUM
ger-561	344	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	344	9	our	our	PRON
ger-561	344	10	12	12	NUM
ger-561	344	11	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	344	12	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	344	13	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	344	14	are	be	AUX
ger-561	344	15	written	write	VERB
ger-561	344	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	344	17	with	with	ADP
ger-561	344	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	344	19	symbols	symbol	NOUN
ger-561	344	20	used	use	VERB
ger-561	344	21	to	to	PART
ger-561	344	22	write	write	VERB
ger-561	344	23	those	those	DET
ger-561	344	24	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	344	25	in	in	ADP
ger-561	344	26	the	the	DET
ger-561	344	27	maasai	maasai	PROPN
ger-561	344	28	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	344	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	344	30	which	which	PRON
ger-561	344	31	has	have	VERB
ger-561	344	32	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	344	33	more	more	ADV
ger-561	344	34	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ger-561	344	35	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	344	36	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	344	37	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	344	38	including	include	VERB
ger-561	344	39	tone	tone	NOUN
ger-561	344	40	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	344	41	length	length	NOUN
ger-561	344	42	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	344	43	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	344	44	this	this	DET
ger-561	344	45	chart	chart	NOUN
ger-561	344	46	gives	give	VERB
ger-561	344	47	only	only	ADV
ger-561	344	48	a	a	DET
ger-561	344	49	partial	partial	ADJ
ger-561	344	50	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	344	51	of	of	ADP
ger-561	344	52	the	the	DET
ger-561	344	53	contrasts	contrast	NOUN
ger-561	344	54	between	between	ADP
ger-561	344	55	the	the	DET
ger-561	344	56	ways	way	NOUN
ger-561	344	57	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	344	58	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	344	59	are	be	AUX
ger-561	344	60	written	write	VERB
ger-561	344	61	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	344	62	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	344	63	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	344	64	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	344	65	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	344	66	payne	payne	PROPN
ger-561	344	67	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	344	68	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	344	69	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	344	70	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	345	1	figure	figure	VERB
ger-561	345	2	7	7	NUM
ger-561	345	3	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	345	4	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	345	5	sound	sound	NOUN
ger-561	345	6	/	/	SYM
ger-561	345	7	graphemes	grapheme	NOUN
ger-561	345	8	vs.	vs.	ADP
ger-561	345	9	maasai	maasai	ADJ
ger-561	345	10	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	345	11	sound	sound	NOUN
ger-561	345	12	/	/	SYM
ger-561	345	13	graphemes	grapheme	NOUN
ger-561	345	14	for	for	ADP
ger-561	345	15	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	345	16	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	345	17	related	relate	VERB
ger-561	345	18	reasons	reason	NOUN
ger-561	345	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	345	20	i	i	PRON
ger-561	345	21	suggest	suggest	VERB
ger-561	345	22	a	a	DET
ger-561	345	23	combination	combination	NOUN
ger-561	345	24	of	of	ADP
ger-561	345	25	two	two	NUM
ger-561	345	26	simultaneous	simultaneous	ADJ
ger-561	345	27	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
ger-561	345	28	approaches	approach	NOUN
ger-561	345	29	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	345	30	a	a	X
ger-561	345	31	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	345	32	treat	treat	VERB
ger-561	345	33	the	the	DET
ger-561	345	34	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	345	35	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	345	36	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	345	37	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	345	38	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	345	39	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	345	40	they	they	PRON
ger-561	345	41	were	be	AUX
ger-561	345	42	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	345	43	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	345	44	regular	regular	ADJ
ger-561	345	45	at	at	ADP
ger-561	345	46	first	first	ADV
ger-561	345	47	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	345	48	using	use	VERB
ger-561	345	49	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	345	50	cvc	cvc	NOUN
ger-561	345	51	short	short	ADJ
ger-561	345	52	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	345	53	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	345	54	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	345	55	in	in	ADP
ger-561	345	56	rhyming	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	345	57	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	345	58	to	to	PART
ger-561	345	59	build	build	VERB
ger-561	345	60	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ger-561	345	61	in	in	ADP
ger-561	345	62	the	the	DET
ger-561	345	63	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	345	64	abilities	ability	NOUN
ger-561	345	65	they	they	PRON
ger-561	345	66	already	already	ADV
ger-561	345	67	possess	possess	VERB
ger-561	345	68	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	345	69	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	345	70	b	b	X
ger-561	345	71	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	345	72	using	use	VERB
ger-561	345	73	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	345	74	techniques	technique	NOUN
ger-561	345	75	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	345	76	help	help	VERB
ger-561	345	77	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	345	78	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	345	79	to	to	PART
ger-561	345	80	transfer	transfer	VERB
ger-561	345	81	their	their	PRON
ger-561	345	82	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	345	83	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	345	84	to	to	ADP
ger-561	345	85	a	a	DET
ger-561	345	86	deeper	deep	ADJ
ger-561	345	87	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	345	88	more	more	ADV
ger-561	345	89	complex	complex	ADJ
ger-561	345	90	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	345	91	system	system	NOUN
ger-561	345	92	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	345	93	as	as	ADP
ger-561	345	94	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	345	95	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	345	96	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	345	97	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	345	98	while	while	SCONJ
ger-561	345	99	also	also	ADV
ger-561	345	100	helping	help	VERB
ger-561	345	101	them	they	PRON
ger-561	345	102	quickly	quickly	ADV
ger-561	345	103	recognize	recognize	VERB
ger-561	345	104	frequent	frequent	ADJ
ger-561	345	105	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	345	106	which	which	PRON
ger-561	345	107	are	be	AUX
ger-561	345	108	often	often	ADV
ger-561	345	109	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	345	110	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	345	111	not	not	PART
ger-561	345	112	simply	simply	ADV
ger-561	345	113	decodable	decodable	ADJ
ger-561	345	114	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	346	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ger-561	346	2	age	age	NOUN
ger-561	346	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	346	4	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	346	5	is	be	AUX
ger-561	346	6	around	around	ADP
ger-561	346	7	age	age	NOUN
ger-561	346	8	12	12	NUM
ger-561	346	9	-	-	SYM
ger-561	346	10	14	14	NUM
ger-561	346	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	346	12	by	by	ADP
ger-561	346	13	which	which	DET
ger-561	346	14	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	346	15	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	346	16	are	be	AUX
ger-561	346	17	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	346	18	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	346	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	346	20	their	their	PRON
ger-561	346	21	own	own	ADJ
ger-561	346	22	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	346	23	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	346	24	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	346	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	346	26	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	346	27	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	346	28	stephen	stephen	PROPN
ger-561	346	29	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	346	30	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	346	31	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	346	32	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	346	33	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	346	34	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	346	35	can	can	AUX
ger-561	346	36	understand	understand	VERB
ger-561	346	37	the	the	DET
ger-561	346	38	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	346	39	enough	enough	ADV
ger-561	346	40	to	to	PART
ger-561	346	41	gain	gain	VERB
ger-561	346	42	metalinguistic	metalinguistic	ADJ
ger-561	346	43	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	346	44	during	during	ADP
ger-561	346	45	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	346	46	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	346	47	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	346	48	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	346	49	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	346	50	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	346	51	zehler	zehler	PROPN
ger-561	346	52	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	346	53	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	346	54	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	346	55	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	347	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	347	2	good	good	ADJ
ger-561	347	3	placement	placement	NOUN
ger-561	347	4	for	for	ADP
ger-561	347	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	347	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	347	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	347	8	is	be	AUX
ger-561	347	9	at	at	ADP
ger-561	347	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	347	11	start	start	NOUN
ger-561	347	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	347	13	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	347	14	upper	upper	ADJ
ger-561	347	15	primary	primary	NOUN
ger-561	347	16	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	347	17	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	347	18	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	347	19	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	347	20	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	347	21	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	347	22	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	347	23	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	347	24	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	347	25	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	347	26	their	their	PRON
ger-561	347	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	347	28	get	get	VERB
ger-561	347	29	off	off	ADP
ger-561	347	30	to	to	ADP
ger-561	347	31	a	a	DET
ger-561	347	32	running	run	VERB
ger-561	347	33	start	start	NOUN
ger-561	347	34	with	with	ADP
ger-561	347	35	a	a	DET
ger-561	347	36	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	347	37	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	347	38	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	347	39	all	all	PRON
ger-561	347	40	of	of	ADP
ger-561	347	41	them	they	PRON
ger-561	347	42	understanding	understand	VERB
ger-561	347	43	the	the	DET
ger-561	347	44	unique	unique	ADJ
ger-561	347	45	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	347	46	features	feature	NOUN
ger-561	347	47	of	of	ADP
ger-561	347	48	the	the	DET
ger-561	347	49	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	347	50	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	348	1	of	of	ADP
ger-561	348	2	course	course	ADV
ger-561	348	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	348	4	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	348	5	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	348	6	have	have	AUX
ger-561	348	7	truly	truly	ADV
ger-561	348	8	become	become	VERB
ger-561	348	9	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	348	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	348	11	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	348	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	348	13	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	348	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	348	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	348	16	have	have	AUX
ger-561	348	17	learned	learn	VERB
ger-561	348	18	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	348	19	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	348	20	fairly	fairly	ADV
ger-561	348	21	well	well	ADV
ger-561	348	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	348	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	348	24	job	job	NOUN
ger-561	348	25	will	will	AUX
ger-561	348	26	no	no	ADV
ger-561	348	27	longer	long	ADV
ger-561	348	28	be	be	AUX
ger-561	348	29	as	as	ADV
ger-561	348	30	daunting	daunt	VERB
ger-561	348	31	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	348	32	it	it	PRON
ger-561	348	33	sounds	sound	VERB
ger-561	348	34	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	349	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	349	2	chasm	chasm	NOUN
ger-561	349	3	will	will	AUX
ger-561	349	4	have	have	AUX
ger-561	349	5	narrowed	narrow	VERB
ger-561	349	6	considerably	considerably	ADV
ger-561	349	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	350	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	350	2	author	author	NOUN
ger-561	350	3	proposes	propose	VERB
ger-561	350	4	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	350	5	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	350	6	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	350	7	are	be	AUX
ger-561	350	8	given	give	VERB
ger-561	350	9	enough	enough	ADJ
ger-561	350	10	time	time	NOUN
ger-561	350	11	to	to	PART
ger-561	350	12	really	really	ADV
ger-561	350	13	read	read	VERB
ger-561	350	14	for	for	ADP
ger-561	350	15	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	350	16	with	with	ADP
ger-561	350	17	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	350	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	350	19	using	use	VERB
ger-561	350	20	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	350	21	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	350	22	for	for	ADP
ger-561	350	23	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
ger-561	350	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	350	25	social	social	ADJ
ger-561	350	26	studies	study	NOUN
ger-561	350	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	350	28	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	350	29	science	science	NOUN
ger-561	350	30	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	350	31	etc	etc	X
ger-561	350	32	.	.	X
ger-561	350	33	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	350	34	they	they	PRON
ger-561	350	35	will	will	AUX
ger-561	350	36	have	have	AUX
ger-561	350	37	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	350	38	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	350	39	tools	tool	NOUN
ger-561	350	40	for	for	ADP
ger-561	350	41	comprehending	comprehend	VERB
ger-561	350	42	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	350	43	analyzing	analyze	VERB
ger-561	350	44	what	what	PRON
ger-561	350	45	they	they	PRON
ger-561	350	46	read	read	VERB
ger-561	350	47	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	351	1	this	this	PRON
ger-561	351	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	351	3	reduce	reduce	VERB
ger-561	351	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	351	5	effort	effort	NOUN
ger-561	351	6	required	require	VERB
ger-561	351	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	351	8	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	351	9	via	via	ADP
ger-561	351	10	a	a	DET
ger-561	351	11	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	351	12	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	351	13	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	351	14	as	as	ADP
ger-561	351	15	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	351	16	when	when	SCONJ
ger-561	351	17	they	they	PRON
ger-561	351	18	reach	reach	VERB
ger-561	351	19	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	351	20	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	351	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	352	1	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	352	2	3	3	NUM
ger-561	352	3	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	352	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	352	5	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	352	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	352	7	shown	show	VERB
ger-561	352	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	352	9	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	352	10	8	8	NUM
ger-561	352	11	below	below	ADV
ger-561	352	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	352	13	should	should	AUX
ger-561	352	14	reflect	reflect	VERB
ger-561	352	15	this	this	DET
ger-561	352	16	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	352	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	353	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	353	2	vowel	vowel	PROPN
ger-561	353	3	maasai	maasai	PROPN
ger-561	353	4	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	353	5	i	i	PRON
ger-561	353	6	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	353	7	ice	ice	NOUN
ger-561	353	8	ai	ai	INTJ
ger-561	353	9	o	o	NOUN
ger-561	353	10	ou	ou	ADP
ger-561	353	11	ay	ay	NOUN
ger-561	353	12	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	353	13	ai	ai	VERB
ger-561	353	14	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	353	15	ace	ace	VERB
ger-561	353	16	ei	ei	X
ger-561	353	17	uce	uce	PROPN
ger-561	353	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	353	19	cute	cute	ADJ
ger-561	353	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	353	21	iu	iu	ADP
ger-561	353	22	e	e	PROPN
ger-561	353	23	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	353	24	ee	ee	PROPN
ger-561	353	25	ii	ii	PROPN
ger-561	353	26	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	353	27	the	the	DET
ger-561	353	28	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	353	29	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	353	30	13	13	NUM
ger-561	353	31	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	353	32	8	8	NUM
ger-561	353	33	solution	solution	NOUN
ger-561	353	34	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	353	35	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	353	36	3	3	NUM
ger-561	353	37	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	353	38	3	3	NUM
ger-561	353	39	key	key	ADJ
ger-561	353	40	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	353	41	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	354	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	354	2	1	1	NUM
ger-561	354	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	355	1	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	355	2	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	355	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	355	4	nearing	near	VERB
ger-561	355	5	entry	entry	NOUN
ger-561	355	6	to	to	ADP
ger-561	355	7	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	355	8	8	8	NUM
ger-561	355	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	355	10	have	have	AUX
ger-561	355	11	been	be	AUX
ger-561	355	12	able	able	ADJ
ger-561	355	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	355	14	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	355	15	via	via	ADP
ger-561	355	16	their	their	PRON
ger-561	355	17	l1	l1	NOUN
ger-561	355	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	355	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	355	20	can	can	AUX
ger-561	355	21	now	now	ADV
ger-561	355	22	read	read	VERB
ger-561	355	23	content	content	PROPN
ger-561	355	24	area	area	NOUN
ger-561	355	25	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	355	26	with	with	ADP
ger-561	355	27	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	355	28	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	355	29	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	355	30	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	356	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	356	2	2	2	NUM
ger-561	356	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	357	1	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	357	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	357	3	these	these	DET
ger-561	357	4	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	357	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	357	6	nearing	near	VERB
ger-561	357	7	entry	entry	NOUN
ger-561	357	8	to	to	ADP
ger-561	357	9	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	357	10	8	8	NUM
ger-561	357	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	357	12	will	will	AUX
ger-561	357	13	have	have	VERB
ger-561	357	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	357	15	degree	degree	NOUN
ger-561	357	16	of	of	ADP
ger-561	357	17	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	357	18	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	357	19	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	357	20	which	which	PRON
ger-561	357	21	approaches	approach	VERB
ger-561	357	22	level	level	VERB
ger-561	357	23	3	3	NUM
ger-561	357	24	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	357	25	3.5	3.5	NUM
ger-561	357	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	358	1	they	they	PRON
ger-561	358	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	358	3	have	have	AUX
ger-561	358	4	mastered	master	VERB
ger-561	358	5	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	358	6	content	content	ADJ
ger-561	358	7	area	area	NOUN
ger-561	358	8	concepts	concept	NOUN
ger-561	358	9	with	with	ADP
ger-561	358	10	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ger-561	358	11	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	358	12	technical	technical	ADJ
ger-561	358	13	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	358	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	359	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	359	2	3	3	X
ger-561	359	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	360	1	these	these	DET
ger-561	360	2	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	360	3	will	will	AUX
ger-561	360	4	have	have	VERB
ger-561	360	5	at	at	ADP
ger-561	360	6	their	their	PRON
ger-561	360	7	disposal	disposal	NOUN
ger-561	360	8	a	a	DET
ger-561	360	9	number	number	NOUN
ger-561	360	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	360	11	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	360	12	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	360	13	including	include	VERB
ger-561	360	14	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	360	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	360	16	morphological	morphological	ADJ
ger-561	360	17	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	360	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	360	19	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	360	20	these	these	PRON
ger-561	360	21	are	be	AUX
ger-561	360	22	mediated	mediate	VERB
ger-561	360	23	by	by	ADP
ger-561	360	24	the	the	DET
ger-561	360	25	structures	structure	NOUN
ger-561	360	26	of	of	ADP
ger-561	360	27	their	their	PRON
ger-561	360	28	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	360	29	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	360	30	the	the	DET
ger-561	360	31	target	target	NOUN
ger-561	360	32	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	360	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	361	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	361	2	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	361	3	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	361	4	are	be	AUX
ger-561	361	5	expressed	express	VERB
ger-561	361	6	visually	visually	ADV
ger-561	361	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	361	8	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	361	9	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	361	10	differs	differ	VERB
ger-561	361	11	quite	quite	DET
ger-561	361	12	a	a	DET
ger-561	361	13	bit	bit	NOUN
ger-561	361	14	from	from	ADP
ger-561	361	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	361	16	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	361	17	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	361	18	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	361	19	are	be	AUX
ger-561	361	20	encoded	encode	VERB
ger-561	361	21	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	361	22	clear	clear	ADJ
ger-561	361	23	sound	sound	ADJ
ger-561	361	24	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	361	25	symbol	symbol	NOUN
ger-561	361	26	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ger-561	361	27	vs.	vs.	ADP
ger-561	361	28	unique	unique	ADJ
ger-561	361	29	whole	whole	ADJ
ger-561	361	30	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	361	31	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	361	32	representations	representation	NOUN
ger-561	361	33	going	go	VERB
ger-561	361	34	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	361	35	a	a	DET
ger-561	361	36	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	361	37	soundsymbol	soundsymbol	NOUN
ger-561	361	38	representation	representation	NOUN
ger-561	361	39	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	361	40	schroeder	schroeder	NOUN
ger-561	361	41	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	361	42	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	361	43	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	361	44	scholfield	scholfield	PROPN
ger-561	361	45	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	361	46	chwo	chwo	PROPN
ger-561	361	47	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	361	48	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	361	49	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	361	50	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	362	1	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	362	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	362	3	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	362	4	prefixes	prefix	NOUN
ger-561	362	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	362	6	suffixes	suffix	NOUN
ger-561	362	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	362	8	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	362	9	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	362	10	will	will	AUX
ger-561	362	11	play	play	VERB
ger-561	362	12	an	an	DET
ger-561	362	13	important	important	ADJ
ger-561	362	14	part	part	NOUN
ger-561	362	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	362	16	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	362	17	to	to	ADP
ger-561	362	18	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	362	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	362	20	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	362	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	362	22	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	362	23	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	362	24	bear	bear	PROPN
ger-561	362	25	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	362	26	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	362	27	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	362	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	362	29	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	362	30	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	362	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	363	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	363	2	4	4	NUM
ger-561	363	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	363	4	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	363	5	are	be	AUX
ger-561	363	6	accustomed	accustom	VERB
ger-561	363	7	to	to	ADP
ger-561	363	8	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	363	9	which	which	PRON
ger-561	363	10	encourage	encourage	VERB
ger-561	363	11	dependence	dependence	NOUN
ger-561	363	12	upon	upon	SCONJ
ger-561	363	13	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	363	14	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	363	15	alone	alone	ADV
ger-561	363	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	364	1	they	they	PRON
ger-561	364	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	364	3	now	now	ADV
ger-561	364	4	need	need	VERB
ger-561	364	5	immediate	immediate	ADJ
ger-561	364	6	whole	whole	ADJ
ger-561	364	7	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	364	8	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	364	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	364	10	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
ger-561	364	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	364	12	frequent	frequent	ADJ
ger-561	364	13	homophones	homophone	NOUN
ger-561	364	14	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	364	15	as	as	ADP
ger-561	364	16	<	<	X
ger-561	364	17	sea	sea	NOUN
ger-561	364	18	>	>	X
ger-561	364	19	vs	vs	ADP
ger-561	364	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	21	<	<	X
ger-561	364	22	see	see	VERB
ger-561	364	23	>	>	X
ger-561	364	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	25	<	<	X
ger-561	364	26	slay	slay	X
ger-561	364	27	>	>	X
ger-561	364	28	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	364	29	<	<	X
ger-561	364	30	sleigh	sleigh	PROPN
ger-561	364	31	>	>	X
ger-561	364	32	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	33	<	<	X
ger-561	364	34	to	to	PART
ger-561	364	35	>	>	X
ger-561	364	36	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	37	<	<	X
ger-561	364	38	two	two	NUM
ger-561	364	39	>	>	X
ger-561	364	40	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	364	41	<	<	X
ger-561	364	42	too	too	X
ger-561	364	43	>	>	X
ger-561	364	44	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	45	<	<	X
ger-561	364	46	would	would	AUX
ger-561	364	47	>	>	X
ger-561	364	48	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	364	49	<	<	X
ger-561	364	50	wood	wood	X
ger-561	364	51	>	>	X
ger-561	364	52	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	364	53	van	van	PROPN
ger-561	364	54	berkel	berkel	PROPN
ger-561	364	55	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	56	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	364	57	2004	2004	NUM
ger-561	364	58	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	364	59	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	60	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	364	61	cited	cite	VERB
ger-561	364	62	in	in	ADP
ger-561	364	63	cook	cook	NOUN
ger-561	364	64	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	364	65	bassetti	bassetti	PROPN
ger-561	364	66	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	364	67	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	364	68	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	364	69	109	109	NUM
ger-561	364	70	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	364	71	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	365	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	365	2	5	5	NUM
ger-561	365	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	365	4	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	365	5	will	will	AUX
ger-561	365	6	need	need	VERB
ger-561	365	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	365	8	recognize	recognize	VERB
ger-561	365	9	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	365	10	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	365	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	365	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	365	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	365	14	same	same	ADJ
ger-561	365	15	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	365	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	17	within	within	ADP
ger-561	365	18	different	different	ADJ
ger-561	365	19	whole	whole	ADJ
ger-561	365	20	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	365	21	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	365	22	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	365	23	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	365	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	365	25	seymour	seymour	NOUN
ger-561	365	26	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	365	27	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	365	28	ziegler	ziegler	PROPN
ger-561	365	29	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	365	30	goswami	goswami	PROPN
ger-561	365	31	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	32	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	365	33	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	365	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	35	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	365	36	as	as	ADP
ger-561	365	37	the	the	DET
ger-561	365	38	different	different	ADJ
ger-561	365	39	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	365	40	of	of	ADP
ger-561	365	41	<	<	X
ger-561	365	42	y	y	X
ger-561	365	43	>	>	X
ger-561	365	44	in	in	ADP
ger-561	365	45	<	<	X
ger-561	365	46	cry	cry	X
ger-561	365	47	>	>	X
ger-561	365	48	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	365	49	<	<	X
ger-561	365	50	baby	baby	X
ger-561	365	51	>	>	X
ger-561	365	52	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	53	as	as	ADV
ger-561	365	54	well	well	ADV
ger-561	365	55	as	as	ADP
ger-561	365	56	<	<	X
ger-561	365	57	y	y	X
ger-561	365	58	>	>	X
ger-561	365	59	as	as	ADP
ger-561	365	60	a	a	DET
ger-561	365	61	constituent	constituent	NOUN
ger-561	365	62	in	in	ADP
ger-561	365	63	diphthongs	diphthong	NOUN
ger-561	365	64	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	365	65	as	as	ADP
ger-561	365	66	<	<	X
ger-561	365	67	say	say	PROPN
ger-561	365	68	>	>	X
ger-561	365	69	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	70	so	so	CCONJ
ger-561	365	71	an	an	DET
ger-561	365	72	essential	essential	ADJ
ger-561	365	73	strategy	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	365	74	will	will	AUX
ger-561	365	75	be	be	AUX
ger-561	365	76	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	365	77	of	of	ADP
ger-561	365	78	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	365	79	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	365	80	/	/	SYM
ger-561	365	81	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	365	82	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	365	83	which	which	PRON
ger-561	365	84	are	be	AUX
ger-561	365	85	letter	letter	NOUN
ger-561	365	86	combinations	combination	NOUN
ger-561	365	87	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	88	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	365	89	as	as	ADP
ger-561	365	90	<	<	X
ger-561	365	91	at	at	ADP
ger-561	365	92	>	>	X
ger-561	365	93	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	365	94	<	<	X
ger-561	365	95	ate	ate	NOUN
ger-561	365	96	>	>	X
ger-561	365	97	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	98	<	<	X
ger-561	365	99	et	et	X
ger-561	365	100	>	>	X
ger-561	365	101	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	365	102	<	<	X
ger-561	365	103	eat	eat	NOUN
ger-561	365	104	>	>	X
ger-561	365	105	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	365	106	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	365	107	<	<	AUX
ger-561	365	108	cut	cut	VERB
ger-561	365	109	>	>	X
ger-561	365	110	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	365	111	<	<	X
ger-561	365	112	cute	cute	ADJ
ger-561	365	113	>	>	X
ger-561	365	114	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	366	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	366	2	6	6	NUM
ger-561	366	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	367	1	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	367	2	are	be	AUX
ger-561	367	3	at	at	ADP
ger-561	367	4	a	a	DET
ger-561	367	5	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ger-561	367	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	367	7	transferring	transfer	VERB
ger-561	367	8	their	their	PRON
ger-561	367	9	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	367	10	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	367	11	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	367	12	to	to	ADP
ger-561	367	13	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	367	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	367	15	though	though	SCONJ
ger-561	367	16	the	the	DET
ger-561	367	17	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	367	18	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	367	19	will	will	AUX
ger-561	367	20	require	require	VERB
ger-561	367	21	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
ger-561	367	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	367	23	their	their	PRON
ger-561	367	24	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	367	25	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	367	26	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	367	27	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	367	28	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	367	29	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	367	30	probert	probert	PROPN
ger-561	367	31	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	367	32	de	de	X
ger-561	367	33	vos	vos	PROPN
ger-561	367	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	367	35	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	367	36	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	367	37	frost	frost	NOUN
ger-561	367	38	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	367	39	katz	katz	PROPN
ger-561	367	40	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	367	41	1992	1992	NUM
ger-561	367	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	367	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	368	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	368	2	7	7	NUM
ger-561	368	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	368	4	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	368	5	will	will	AUX
ger-561	368	6	benefit	benefit	VERB
ger-561	368	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	368	8	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	368	9	they	they	PRON
ger-561	368	10	did	do	VERB
ger-561	368	11	for	for	ADP
ger-561	368	12	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	368	13	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	368	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	368	15	from	from	ADP
ger-561	368	16	attending	attend	VERB
ger-561	368	17	to	to	ADP
ger-561	368	18	grain	grain	NOUN
ger-561	368	19	size	size	NOUN
ger-561	368	20	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	368	21	goswami	goswami	NOUN
ger-561	368	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	368	23	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	368	24	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	368	25	bear	bear	VERB
ger-561	368	26	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	368	27	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	368	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	368	29	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	368	30	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	368	31	rixon	rixon	VERB
ger-561	368	32	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	368	33	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	368	34	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	368	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	368	36	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	368	37	within	within	ADP
ger-561	368	38	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	368	39	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	368	40	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	368	41	in	in	ADP
ger-561	368	42	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	368	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	369	1	they	they	PRON
ger-561	369	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	369	3	have	have	AUX
ger-561	369	4	mastered	master	VERB
ger-561	369	5	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	369	6	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	369	7	with	with	ADP
ger-561	369	8	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	369	9	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	369	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	369	11	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	369	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	369	13	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	369	14	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	369	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	369	16	they	they	PRON
ger-561	369	17	will	will	AUX
ger-561	369	18	need	need	VERB
ger-561	369	19	to	to	PART
ger-561	369	20	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
ger-561	369	21	a	a	DET
ger-561	369	22	multiplicity	multiplicity	NOUN
ger-561	369	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	369	24	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	369	25	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	369	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	369	27	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	369	28	shown	show	VERB
ger-561	369	29	in	in	ADP
ger-561	369	30	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	369	31	6	6	NUM
ger-561	369	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	370	1	since	since	SCONJ
ger-561	370	2	they	they	PRON
ger-561	370	3	now	now	ADV
ger-561	370	4	speak	speak	VERB
ger-561	370	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	370	6	understand	understand	VERB
ger-561	370	7	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	370	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	370	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	370	10	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	370	11	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	370	12	will	will	AUX
ger-561	370	13	not	not	PART
ger-561	370	14	take	take	VERB
ger-561	370	15	long	long	ADV
ger-561	370	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	371	1	rhyming	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	371	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	371	3	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	371	4	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	371	5	9	9	NUM
ger-561	371	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	371	7	can	can	AUX
ger-561	371	8	leveraged	leverage	VERB
ger-561	371	9	for	for	ADP
ger-561	371	10	either	either	CCONJ
ger-561	371	11	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	371	12	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	371	13	french	french	ADJ
ger-561	371	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	371	15	schroeder	schroeder	NOUN
ger-561	371	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	371	17	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	371	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	371	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	372	1	14	14	NUM
ger-561	372	2	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	372	3	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	372	4	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	372	5	7	7	NUM
ger-561	372	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	372	7	3	3	NUM
ger-561	372	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	372	9	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	372	10	9	9	NUM
ger-561	372	11	rhyming	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	372	12	drill	drill	NOUN
ger-561	372	13	used	use	VERB
ger-561	372	14	to	to	PART
ger-561	372	15	teach	teach	VERB
ger-561	372	16	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	372	17	syllable	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	372	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	372	19	figure	figure	VERB
ger-561	372	20	10	10	NUM
ger-561	372	21	matching	matching	NOUN
ger-561	372	22	activity	activity	NOUN
ger-561	372	23	used	use	VERB
ger-561	372	24	to	to	PART
ger-561	372	25	develop	develop	VERB
ger-561	372	26	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	372	27	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
ger-561	372	28	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	372	29	8	8	NUM
ger-561	372	30	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	373	1	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	373	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	373	3	also	also	ADV
ger-561	373	4	need	need	VERB
ger-561	373	5	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	373	6	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
ger-561	373	7	visually	visually	ADV
ger-561	373	8	what	what	PRON
ger-561	373	9	they	they	PRON
ger-561	373	10	have	have	AUX
ger-561	373	11	already	already	ADV
ger-561	373	12	learned	learn	VERB
ger-561	373	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	373	14	hear	hear	VERB
ger-561	373	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	373	16	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	373	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	373	18	the	the	DET
ger-561	373	19	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	373	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	373	21	studied	study	VERB
ger-561	373	22	at	at	ADP
ger-561	373	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	373	24	ends	end	NOUN
ger-561	373	25	of	of	ADP
ger-561	373	26	monosyllabic	monosyllabic	ADJ
ger-561	373	27	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	373	28	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	373	29	seymour	seymour	ADJ
ger-561	373	30	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	373	31	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	373	32	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	373	33	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	373	34	shown	show	VERB
ger-561	373	35	in	in	ADP
ger-561	373	36	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	373	37	6	6	NUM
ger-561	373	38	from	from	ADP
ger-561	373	39	schroeder	schroeder	NOUN
ger-561	373	40	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	373	41	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	373	42	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	373	43	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	374	1	make	make	VERB
ger-561	374	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	374	3	european	european	PROPN
ger-561	374	4	orthography	orthography	PROPN
ger-561	374	5	seem	seem	VERB
ger-561	374	6	regular	regular	ADJ
ger-561	374	7	at	at	ADP
ger-561	374	8	first	first	ADV
ger-561	374	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	374	10	using	use	VERB
ger-561	374	11	rhyming	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	374	12	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	374	13	like	like	ADP
ger-561	374	14	those	those	PRON
ger-561	374	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	374	16	figure	figure	NOUN
ger-561	374	17	1	1	NUM
ger-561	374	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	374	19	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	374	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	374	21	strength	strength	NOUN
ger-561	374	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	374	23	most	most	ADJ
ger-561	374	24	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	374	25	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	374	26	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	374	27	is	be	AUX
ger-561	374	28	their	their	PRON
ger-561	374	29	regularity	regularity	NOUN
ger-561	374	30	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	374	31	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	374	32	transparency	transparency	NOUN
ger-561	374	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	375	1	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	375	2	shows	show	VERB
ger-561	375	3	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	375	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	375	5	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	375	6	slower	slow	ADJ
ger-561	375	7	average	average	ADJ
ger-561	375	8	rate	rate	NOUN
ger-561	375	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	375	10	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	375	11	to	to	PART
ger-561	375	12	read	read	VERB
ger-561	375	13	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	375	14	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	375	15	is	be	AUX
ger-561	375	16	caused	cause	VERB
ger-561	375	17	primarily	primarily	ADV
ger-561	375	18	by	by	ADP
ger-561	375	19	its	its	PRON
ger-561	375	20	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	375	21	inconsistency	inconsistency	NOUN
ger-561	375	22	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	375	23	ziegler	ziegler	PROPN
ger-561	375	24	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	375	25	goswami	goswami	PROPN
ger-561	375	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	375	27	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	375	28	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	375	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	376	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	376	2	9	9	NUM
ger-561	376	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	376	4	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	376	5	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	376	6	frequently	frequently	ADV
ger-561	376	7	occurring	occur	VERB
ger-561	376	8	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	376	9	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	376	10	are	be	AUX
ger-561	376	11	spelled	spell	VERB
ger-561	376	12	irregularly	irregularly	ADV
ger-561	376	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	376	14	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	376	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	376	16	them	they	PRON
ger-561	376	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	376	18	especially	especially	ADV
ger-561	376	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	376	20	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	376	21	ones	one	NOUN
ger-561	376	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	376	23	will	will	AUX
ger-561	376	24	be	be	AUX
ger-561	376	25	presented	present	VERB
ger-561	376	26	in	in	ADP
ger-561	376	27	a	a	DET
ger-561	376	28	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	376	29	which	which	PRON
ger-561	376	30	forces	force	VERB
ger-561	376	31	the	the	DET
ger-561	376	32	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	376	33	to	to	PART
ger-561	376	34	memorize	memorize	VERB
ger-561	376	35	their	their	PRON
ger-561	376	36	unique	unique	ADJ
ger-561	376	37	appearance	appearance	NOUN
ger-561	376	38	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	377	1	for	for	ADP
ger-561	377	2	example	example	NOUN
ger-561	377	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	377	4	some	some	DET
ger-561	377	5	prepositions	preposition	NOUN
ger-561	377	6	are	be	AUX
ger-561	377	7	regularly	regularly	ADV
ger-561	377	8	spelled	spell	VERB
ger-561	377	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	377	10	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	377	11	as	as	ADP
ger-561	377	12	<	<	X
ger-561	377	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	377	14	>	>	X
ger-561	377	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	377	16	<	<	X
ger-561	377	17	on	on	ADP
ger-561	377	18	>	>	X
ger-561	377	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	378	1	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	378	2	<	<	X
ger-561	378	3	to	to	PART
ger-561	378	4	>	>	X
ger-561	378	5	is	be	AUX
ger-561	378	6	not	not	PART
ger-561	378	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	379	1	some	some	DET
ger-561	379	2	frequent	frequent	ADJ
ger-561	379	3	verbs	verb	NOUN
ger-561	379	4	are	be	AUX
ger-561	379	5	regularly	regularly	ADV
ger-561	379	6	spelled	spell	VERB
ger-561	379	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	379	8	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	379	9	as	as	ADP
ger-561	379	10	<	<	X
ger-561	379	11	sit	sit	VERB
ger-561	379	12	>	>	X
ger-561	379	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	379	14	<	<	AUX
ger-561	379	15	jump	jump	NOUN
ger-561	379	16	>	>	PUNCT
ger-561	379	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	380	1	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	380	2	<	<	X
ger-561	380	3	come	come	VERB
ger-561	380	4	>	>	X
ger-561	380	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	380	6	<	<	AUX
ger-561	380	7	walk	walk	NOUN
ger-561	380	8	>	>	X
ger-561	380	9	are	be	AUX
ger-561	380	10	not	not	PART
ger-561	380	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	381	1	some	some	DET
ger-561	381	2	nouns	noun	NOUN
ger-561	381	3	are	be	AUX
ger-561	381	4	regularly	regularly	ADV
ger-561	381	5	spelled	spell	VERB
ger-561	381	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	381	7	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	381	8	as	as	ADP
ger-561	381	9	<	<	X
ger-561	381	10	pig	pig	X
ger-561	381	11	>	>	X
ger-561	381	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	381	13	<	<	X
ger-561	381	14	pit	pit	NOUN
ger-561	381	15	>	>	X
ger-561	381	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	381	17	but	but	CCONJ
ger-561	381	18	<	<	X
ger-561	381	19	shoe	shoe	X
ger-561	381	20	>	>	X
ger-561	381	21	is	be	AUX
ger-561	381	22	not	not	PART
ger-561	381	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	382	1	it	it	PRON
ger-561	382	2	does	do	AUX
ger-561	382	3	not	not	PART
ger-561	382	4	rhyme	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	382	5	with	with	ADP
ger-561	382	6	<	<	X
ger-561	382	7	toe	toe	X
ger-561	382	8	>	>	X
ger-561	382	9	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	382	10	<	<	X
ger-561	382	11	hoe	hoe	ADJ
ger-561	382	12	>	>	X
ger-561	382	13	!	!	PUNCT
ger-561	383	1	sight	sight	NOUN
ger-561	383	2	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	383	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	383	4	which	which	PRON
ger-561	383	5	are	be	AUX
ger-561	383	6	printed	print	VERB
ger-561	383	7	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	383	8	stored	store	VERB
ger-561	383	9	in	in	ADP
ger-561	383	10	memory	memory	NOUN
ger-561	383	11	by	by	ADP
ger-561	383	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	383	13	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	383	14	that	that	PRON
ger-561	383	15	can	can	AUX
ger-561	383	16	be	be	AUX
ger-561	383	17	read	read	VERB
ger-561	383	18	immediately	immediately	ADV
ger-561	383	19	without	without	ADP
ger-561	383	20	decoding	decode	VERB
ger-561	383	21	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	383	22	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	383	23	bear	bear	PROPN
ger-561	383	24	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	383	25	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	383	26	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	383	27	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	383	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	383	29	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	383	30	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	383	31	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	383	32	should	should	AUX
ger-561	383	33	be	be	AUX
ger-561	383	34	introduced	introduce	VERB
ger-561	383	35	strategically	strategically	ADV
ger-561	383	36	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	383	37	gradually	gradually	ADV
ger-561	383	38	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	384	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	384	2	10	10	NUM
ger-561	384	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	385	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	385	2	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	385	3	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	385	4	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	385	5	will	will	AUX
ger-561	385	6	enable	enable	VERB
ger-561	385	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	385	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	385	9	to	to	ADP
ger-561	385	10	selfmonitor	selfmonitor	NOUN
ger-561	385	11	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	385	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	385	13	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	385	14	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	385	15	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	385	16	they	they	PRON
ger-561	385	17	are	be	AUX
ger-561	385	18	applied	apply	VERB
ger-561	385	19	to	to	ADP
ger-561	385	20	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	385	21	8and	8and	PROPN
ger-561	385	22	9	9	NUM
ger-561	385	23	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	385	24	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	385	25	fiction	fiction	NOUN
ger-561	385	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	385	27	nonfiction	nonfiction	NOUN
ger-561	385	28	texts	text	NOUN
ger-561	385	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	386	1	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ger-561	386	2	11	11	NUM
ger-561	386	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	387	1	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	387	2	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	387	3	8	8	NUM
ger-561	387	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	387	5	will	will	AUX
ger-561	387	6	need	need	VERB
ger-561	387	7	some	some	DET
ger-561	387	8	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	387	9	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	387	10	retooling	retool	VERB
ger-561	387	11	to	to	PART
ger-561	387	12	ensure	ensure	VERB
ger-561	387	13	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	387	14	their	their	PRON
ger-561	387	15	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
ger-561	387	16	accurately	accurately	ADV
ger-561	387	17	represents	represent	VERB
ger-561	387	18	all	all	DET
ger-561	387	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	387	20	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	387	21	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	387	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	387	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	387	24	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	387	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	387	26	smith	smith	PROPN
ger-561	387	27	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	387	28	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	387	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	387	30	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	387	31	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	387	32	goswami	goswami	NOUN
ger-561	387	33	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	387	34	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	387	35	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	387	36	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	388	1	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	388	2	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	388	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	388	4	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
ger-561	388	5	scaffold	scaffold	NOUN
ger-561	388	6	auditory	auditory	ADJ
ger-561	388	7	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
ger-561	388	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	388	9	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	388	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	388	11	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	388	12	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	388	13	as	as	ADP
ger-561	388	14	<	<	X
ger-561	388	15	cat	cat	X
ger-561	388	16	>	>	X
ger-561	388	17	vs.	vs.	X
ger-561	388	18	<	<	X
ger-561	388	19	cut	cut	X
ger-561	388	20	>	>	X
ger-561	388	21	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	388	22	<	<	AUX
ger-561	388	23	caught	catch	VERB
ger-561	388	24	>	>	X
ger-561	388	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	388	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	388	27	a	a	DET
ger-561	388	28	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	388	29	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	388	30	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	388	31	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	388	32	allows	allow	VERB
ger-561	388	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	388	34	to	to	PART
ger-561	388	35	communicate	communicate	VERB
ger-561	388	36	the	the	DET
ger-561	388	37	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	388	38	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	388	39	well	well	ADV
ger-561	388	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	389	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	389	2	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	389	3	distance	distance	NOUN
ger-561	389	4	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	389	5	is	be	AUX
ger-561	389	6	great	great	ADJ
ger-561	389	7	on	on	ADP
ger-561	389	8	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	389	9	levels	level	NOUN
ger-561	389	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	389	11	yet	yet	CCONJ
ger-561	389	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	389	13	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	389	14	can	can	AUX
ger-561	389	15	be	be	AUX
ger-561	389	16	narrowed	narrow	VERB
ger-561	389	17	considerably	considerably	ADV
ger-561	389	18	via	via	ADP
ger-561	389	19	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	389	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	389	21	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	389	22	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	389	23	15	15	NUM
ger-561	389	24	expert	expert	NOUN
ger-561	389	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	389	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	389	27	strong	strong	ADJ
ger-561	389	28	curricula	curricula	NOUN
ger-561	389	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	390	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	390	2	entry	entry	NOUN
ger-561	390	3	point	point	NOUN
ger-561	390	4	is	be	AUX
ger-561	390	5	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	390	6	’	'	PUNCT
ger-561	390	7	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	390	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	390	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	390	10	ideal	ideal	ADJ
ger-561	390	11	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
ger-561	390	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	390	13	developing	develop	VERB
ger-561	390	14	their	their	PRON
ger-561	390	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	390	16	abilities	ability	NOUN
ger-561	390	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	390	18	alongside	alongside	ADP
ger-561	390	19	5	5	NUM
ger-561	390	20	-	-	SYM
ger-561	390	21	6	6	NUM
ger-561	390	22	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	390	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	390	24	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	390	25	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	390	26	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	390	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	391	1	then	then	ADV
ger-561	391	2	a	a	DET
ger-561	391	3	linguistically	linguistically	ADV
ger-561	391	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	391	5	orthographically	orthographically	ADV
ger-561	391	6	focused	focused	ADJ
ger-561	391	7	transitional	transitional	ADJ
ger-561	391	8	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	391	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	391	10	should	should	AUX
ger-561	391	11	close	close	VERB
ger-561	391	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	391	13	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	391	14	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	391	15	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	391	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	392	1	this	this	DET
ger-561	392	2	sequencing	sequencing	NOUN
ger-561	392	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	392	4	curricula	curricula	NOUN
ger-561	392	5	should	should	AUX
ger-561	392	6	allow	allow	VERB
ger-561	392	7	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	392	8	1	1	NUM
ger-561	392	9	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	392	10	to	to	PART
ger-561	392	11	focus	focus	VERB
ger-561	392	12	on	on	ADP
ger-561	392	13	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	392	14	their	their	PRON
ger-561	392	15	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	392	16	while	while	SCONJ
ger-561	392	17	they	they	PRON
ger-561	392	18	continue	continue	VERB
ger-561	392	19	developing	develop	VERB
ger-561	392	20	their	their	PRON
ger-561	392	21	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	392	22	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	392	23	via	via	ADP
ger-561	392	24	their	their	PRON
ger-561	392	25	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	392	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	393	1	it	it	PRON
ger-561	393	2	also	also	ADV
ger-561	393	3	allows	allow	VERB
ger-561	393	4	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	393	5	1	1	NUM
ger-561	393	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	393	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	393	8	focus	focus	VERB
ger-561	393	9	on	on	ADP
ger-561	393	10	one	one	NUM
ger-561	393	11	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	393	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	393	13	highly	highly	ADV
ger-561	393	14	significant	significant	ADJ
ger-561	393	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	393	16	complex	complex	ADJ
ger-561	393	17	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
ger-561	393	18	strategy	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	393	19	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	393	20	teaching	teach	VERB
ger-561	393	21	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	393	22	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	393	23	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	393	24	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	393	25	using	use	VERB
ger-561	393	26	that	that	DET
ger-561	393	27	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	393	28	all	all	DET
ger-561	393	29	day	day	NOUN
ger-561	393	30	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	393	31	l1medium	l1medium	NOUN
ger-561	393	32	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	393	33	are	be	AUX
ger-561	393	34	used	use	VERB
ger-561	393	35	for	for	ADP
ger-561	393	36	teaching	teach	VERB
ger-561	393	37	the	the	DET
ger-561	393	38	other	other	ADJ
ger-561	393	39	subjects	subject	NOUN
ger-561	393	40	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	394	1	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	394	2	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	394	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	394	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	394	5	according	accord	VERB
ger-561	394	6	to	to	ADP
ger-561	394	7	this	this	DET
ger-561	394	8	pathway	pathway	NOUN
ger-561	394	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	394	10	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	394	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	394	12	begins	begin	VERB
ger-561	394	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	394	14	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	394	15	2	2	NUM
ger-561	394	16	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	394	17	continues	continue	VERB
ger-561	394	18	for	for	ADP
ger-561	394	19	thirty	thirty	NUM
ger-561	394	20	minutes	minute	NOUN
ger-561	394	21	to	to	ADP
ger-561	394	22	one	one	NUM
ger-561	394	23	hour	hour	NOUN
ger-561	394	24	daily	daily	ADV
ger-561	394	25	through	through	ADP
ger-561	394	26	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	394	27	7	7	NUM
ger-561	394	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	394	29	for	for	ADP
ger-561	394	30	six	six	NUM
ger-561	394	31	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	394	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	395	1	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	395	2	3	3	NUM
ger-561	395	3	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	395	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	396	1	at	at	ADP
ger-561	396	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	396	3	start	start	NOUN
ger-561	396	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	396	5	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	396	6	7	7	NUM
ger-561	396	7	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	396	8	8	8	NUM
ger-561	396	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	396	10	use	use	VERB
ger-561	396	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	396	12	transitional	transitional	ADJ
ger-561	396	13	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	396	14	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	396	15	with	with	ADP
ger-561	396	16	four	four	NUM
ger-561	396	17	streams	stream	NOUN
ger-561	396	18	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	396	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	396	20	a	a	X
ger-561	396	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	396	22	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	396	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	396	24	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	396	25	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	396	26	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	396	27	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	396	28	their	their	PRON
ger-561	396	29	spellings	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	396	30	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	396	31	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	396	32	b	b	X
ger-561	396	33	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	396	34	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	396	35	of	of	ADP
ger-561	396	36	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	396	37	morphology	morphology	NOUN
ger-561	396	38	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	396	39	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	396	40	sight	sight	NOUN
ger-561	396	41	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	396	42	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	396	43	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	396	44	c	c	X
ger-561	396	45	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	396	46	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	396	47	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	396	48	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	396	49	of	of	ADP
ger-561	396	50	existing	exist	VERB
ger-561	396	51	oral	oral	ADJ
ger-561	396	52	esl	esl	NOUN
ger-561	396	53	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	396	54	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	396	55	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	396	56	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	396	57	d	d	NOUN
ger-561	396	58	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	396	59	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	396	60	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	396	61	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	396	62	calps	calp	NOUN
ger-561	396	63	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	396	64	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	396	65	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	396	66	using	use	VERB
ger-561	396	67	specialized	specialized	ADJ
ger-561	396	68	subject	subject	ADJ
ger-561	396	69	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	396	70	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	396	71	concepts	concept	NOUN
ger-561	396	72	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	397	1	this	this	DET
ger-561	397	2	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	397	3	—	—	PUNCT
ger-561	397	4	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	397	5	implemented	implement	VERB
ger-561	397	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	397	7	an	an	DET
ger-561	397	8	entire	entire	ADJ
ger-561	397	9	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	397	10	day	day	NOUN
ger-561	397	11	for	for	ADP
ger-561	397	12	three	three	NUM
ger-561	397	13	weeks	week	NOUN
ger-561	397	14	—	—	PUNCT
ger-561	397	15	could	could	AUX
ger-561	397	16	launch	launch	VERB
ger-561	397	17	successful	successful	ADJ
ger-561	397	18	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	397	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	397	20	an	an	DET
ger-561	397	21	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	397	22	which	which	DET
ger-561	397	23	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	397	24	can	can	AUX
ger-561	397	25	already	already	ADV
ger-561	397	26	speak	speak	VERB
ger-561	397	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	398	1	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	398	2	it	it	PRON
ger-561	398	3	is	be	AUX
ger-561	398	4	taught	teach	VERB
ger-561	398	5	by	by	ADP
ger-561	398	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	398	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	398	8	every	every	DET
ger-561	398	9	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	398	10	8	8	NUM
ger-561	398	11	subject	subject	NOUN
ger-561	398	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	398	13	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	398	14	though	though	SCONJ
ger-561	398	15	they	they	PRON
ger-561	398	16	were	be	AUX
ger-561	398	17	homeroom	homeroom	NOUN
ger-561	398	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	398	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	398	20	one	one	NUM
ger-561	398	21	class	class	NOUN
ger-561	398	22	for	for	ADP
ger-561	398	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	398	24	3	3	NUM
ger-561	398	25	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	398	26	week	week	NOUN
ger-561	398	27	course	course	NOUN
ger-561	398	28	duration	duration	NOUN
ger-561	398	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	398	30	those	those	DET
ger-561	398	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	398	32	would	would	AUX
ger-561	398	33	know	know	VERB
ger-561	398	34	what	what	PRON
ger-561	398	35	their	their	PRON
ger-561	398	36	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	398	37	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	398	38	are	be	AUX
ger-561	398	39	facing	face	VERB
ger-561	398	40	daily	daily	ADV
ger-561	398	41	when	when	SCONJ
ger-561	398	42	they	they	PRON
ger-561	398	43	resume	resume	VERB
ger-561	398	44	regular	regular	ADJ
ger-561	398	45	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	398	46	of	of	ADP
ger-561	398	47	their	their	PRON
ger-561	398	48	subjects	subject	NOUN
ger-561	398	49	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	398	50	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	398	51	they	they	PRON
ger-561	398	52	will	will	AUX
ger-561	398	53	possess	possess	VERB
ger-561	398	54	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	398	55	to	to	PART
ger-561	398	56	continue	continue	VERB
ger-561	398	57	developing	develop	VERB
ger-561	398	58	new	new	ADJ
ger-561	398	59	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	398	60	in	in	ADP
ger-561	398	61	their	their	PRON
ger-561	398	62	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	398	63	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	399	1	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	399	2	3	3	NUM
ger-561	399	3	inputs	input	NOUN
ger-561	399	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	400	1	a	a	DET
ger-561	400	2	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	400	3	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	400	4	should	should	AUX
ger-561	400	5	develop	develop	VERB
ger-561	400	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	400	7	following	follow	VERB
ger-561	400	8	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	400	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	400	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	11	a	a	X
ger-561	400	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	13	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	400	14	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	400	15	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	400	16	grapheme	grapheme	NOUN
ger-561	400	17	mapping	mapping	NOUN
ger-561	400	18	within	within	ADP
ger-561	400	19	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	400	20	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	400	21	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	400	22	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	23	anthony	anthony	PROPN
ger-561	400	24	et	et	PROPN
ger-561	400	25	al	al	PROPN
ger-561	400	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	27	2009	2009	NUM
ger-561	400	28	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	29	applying	apply	VERB
ger-561	400	30	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	400	31	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
ger-561	400	32	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	400	33	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	34	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	400	35	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	36	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	400	37	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	38	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	400	39	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	40	b	b	X
ger-561	400	41	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	42	rhyming	rhyme	VERB
ger-561	400	43	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	400	44	with	with	ADP
ger-561	400	45	initial	initial	ADJ
ger-561	400	46	consonant	consonant	ADJ
ger-561	400	47	substitution	substitution	NOUN
ger-561	400	48	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	49	rixon	rixon	VERB
ger-561	400	50	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	51	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	400	52	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	53	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	400	54	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	55	c	c	X
ger-561	400	56	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	57	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	400	58	to	to	PART
ger-561	400	59	recognize	recognize	VERB
ger-561	400	60	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	400	61	decode	decode	VERB
ger-561	400	62	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	400	63	consonant	consonant	NOUN
ger-561	400	64	cluster	cluster	NOUN
ger-561	400	65	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	400	66	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	67	especially	especially	ADV
ger-561	400	68	for	for	ADP
ger-561	400	69	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	400	70	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	400	71	from	from	ADP
ger-561	400	72	abugida	abugida	PROPN
ger-561	400	73	scripts	script	NOUN
ger-561	400	74	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	75	ahlberg	ahlberg	ADV
ger-561	400	76	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	77	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	400	78	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	79	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	400	80	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	81	d	d	X
ger-561	400	82	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	83	a	a	DET
ger-561	400	84	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	400	85	approach	approach	NOUN
ger-561	400	86	to	to	ADP
ger-561	400	87	sight	sight	NOUN
ger-561	400	88	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	400	89	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	90	always	always	ADV
ger-561	400	91	giving	give	VERB
ger-561	400	92	them	they	PRON
ger-561	400	93	a	a	DET
ger-561	400	94	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
ger-561	400	95	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	400	96	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	97	because	because	SCONJ
ger-561	400	98	many	many	ADJ
ger-561	400	99	frequently	frequently	ADV
ger-561	400	100	occurring	occur	VERB
ger-561	400	101	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	400	102	are	be	AUX
ger-561	400	103	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ger-561	400	104	in	in	ADP
ger-561	400	105	nature	nature	NOUN
ger-561	400	106	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	107	with	with	SCONJ
ger-561	400	108	little	little	ADJ
ger-561	400	109	pictureable	pictureable	ADJ
ger-561	400	110	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	400	111	of	of	ADP
ger-561	400	112	their	their	PRON
ger-561	400	113	own	own	ADJ
ger-561	400	114	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	115	for	for	ADP
ger-561	400	116	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	117	to	to	PART
ger-561	400	118	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	119	there	there	ADV
ger-561	400	120	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	121	were	be	AUX
ger-561	400	122	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	123	who	who	PRON
ger-561	400	124	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	125	are	be	AUX
ger-561	400	126	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	127	you	you	PRON
ger-561	400	128	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	129	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	400	130	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	400	131	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	400	132	e	e	NOUN
ger-561	400	133	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	400	134	connected	connected	ADJ
ger-561	400	135	text	text	NOUN
ger-561	400	136	with	with	ADP
ger-561	400	137	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ger-561	400	138	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	400	139	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	400	140	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	400	141	“	"	PUNCT
ger-561	400	142	reason	reason	NOUN
ger-561	400	143	to	to	PART
ger-561	400	144	read	read	VERB
ger-561	400	145	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	146	”	"	PUNCT
ger-561	400	147	so	so	SCONJ
ger-561	400	148	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	400	149	as	as	SCONJ
ger-561	400	150	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	400	151	continually	continually	ADV
ger-561	400	152	encounter	encounter	VERB
ger-561	400	153	more	more	ADJ
ger-561	400	154	abstract	abstract	ADJ
ger-561	400	155	text	text	NOUN
ger-561	400	156	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	400	157	they	they	PRON
ger-561	400	158	will	will	AUX
ger-561	400	159	have	have	VERB
ger-561	400	160	the	the	DET
ger-561	400	161	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	400	162	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	400	163	needed	need	VERB
ger-561	400	164	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	401	1	help	help	NOUN
ger-561	401	2	will	will	AUX
ger-561	401	3	also	also	ADV
ger-561	401	4	be	be	AUX
ger-561	401	5	needed	need	VERB
ger-561	401	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	7	due	due	ADP
ger-561	401	8	to	to	ADP
ger-561	401	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	401	10	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	401	11	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	401	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	401	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	15	a	a	DET
ger-561	401	16	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	17	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	401	18	including	include	VERB
ger-561	401	19	morpheme	morpheme	NOUN
ger-561	401	20	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	401	21	with	with	ADP
ger-561	401	22	prefixes	prefix	NOUN
ger-561	401	23	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	401	24	suffixes	suffix	NOUN
ger-561	401	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	26	kearns	kearn	NOUN
ger-561	401	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	28	2015	2015	NUM
ger-561	401	29	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	30	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	401	31	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	32	b	b	X
ger-561	401	33	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	34	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	401	35	of	of	ADP
ger-561	401	36	the	the	DET
ger-561	401	37	larger	large	ADJ
ger-561	401	38	grain	grain	NOUN
ger-561	401	39	size	size	NOUN
ger-561	401	40	needed	need	VERB
ger-561	401	41	for	for	ADP
ger-561	401	42	vowel	vowel	NOUN
ger-561	401	43	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	401	44	via	via	ADP
ger-561	401	45	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	401	46	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	401	47	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	401	48	involving	involve	VERB
ger-561	401	49	initial	initial	ADJ
ger-561	401	50	c	c	NOUN
ger-561	401	51	substitution	substitution	NOUN
ger-561	401	52	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	401	53	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ger-561	401	54	such	such	ADJ
ger-561	401	55	as	as	ADP
ger-561	401	56	<	<	X
ger-561	401	57	ay	ay	X
ger-561	401	58	>	>	X
ger-561	401	59	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	60	<	<	X
ger-561	401	61	ai	ai	VERB
ger-561	401	62	>	>	X
ger-561	401	63	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	64	<	<	X
ger-561	401	65	eigh	eigh	X
ger-561	401	66	>	>	X
ger-561	401	67	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	68	<	<	X
ger-561	401	69	ace	ace	NOUN
ger-561	401	70	>	>	X
ger-561	401	71	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	401	72	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	73	c	c	X
ger-561	401	74	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	75	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	401	76	clue	clue	NOUN
ger-561	401	77	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	401	78	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	401	79	using	use	VERB
ger-561	401	80	cloze	cloze	NOUN
ger-561	401	81	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	401	82	other	other	ADJ
ger-561	401	83	activities	activity	NOUN
ger-561	401	84	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	85	ehri	ehri	NOUN
ger-561	401	86	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	87	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	401	88	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	89	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	401	90	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	91	d	d	X
ger-561	401	92	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	93	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	401	94	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	401	95	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	401	96	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ger-561	401	97	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
ger-561	401	98	games	game	NOUN
ger-561	401	99	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	100	visual	visual	ADJ
ger-561	401	101	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	102	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	401	103	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	401	104	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	401	105	e	e	NOUN
ger-561	401	106	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	401	107	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	401	108	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	401	109	honed	hone	VERB
ger-561	401	110	with	with	ADP
ger-561	401	111	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	401	112	texts	text	NOUN
ger-561	401	113	adapted	adapt	VERB
ger-561	401	114	from	from	ADP
ger-561	401	115	content	content	NOUN
ger-561	401	116	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	401	117	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	402	1	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	402	2	3	3	NUM
ger-561	402	3	outputs	output	NOUN
ger-561	402	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	403	1	outputs	output	NOUN
ger-561	403	2	n	n	CCONJ
ger-561	403	3	this	this	DET
ger-561	403	4	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	403	5	include	include	VERB
ger-561	403	6	a	a	DET
ger-561	403	7	cadre	cadre	NOUN
ger-561	403	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	403	9	middle	middle	ADJ
ger-561	403	10	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	403	11	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	403	12	who	who	PRON
ger-561	403	13	can	can	AUX
ger-561	403	14	read	read	VERB
ger-561	403	15	their	their	PRON
ger-561	403	16	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	403	17	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	403	18	with	with	ADP
ger-561	403	19	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	403	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	403	21	problem	problem	NOUN
ger-561	403	22	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	403	23	solving	solve	VERB
ger-561	403	24	skill	skill	NOUN
ger-561	403	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	403	26	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	403	27	can	can	AUX
ger-561	403	28	express	express	VERB
ger-561	403	29	themselves	themselves	PRON
ger-561	403	30	well	well	ADV
ger-561	403	31	in	in	ADP
ger-561	403	32	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	403	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	404	1	see	see	VERB
ger-561	404	2	below	below	ADV
ger-561	404	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	404	4	longer	long	ADJ
ger-561	404	5	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	404	6	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	404	7	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	404	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	405	1	4	4	X
ger-561	405	2	.	.	X
ger-561	406	1	what	what	PRON
ger-561	406	2	long	long	ADJ
ger-561	406	3	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	406	4	term	term	NOUN
ger-561	406	5	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	406	6	should	should	AUX
ger-561	406	7	we	we	PRON
ger-561	406	8	expect	expect	VERB
ger-561	406	9	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	407	1	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	407	2	youth	youth	NOUN
ger-561	407	3	enter	enter	VERB
ger-561	407	4	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	407	5	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	407	6	able	able	ADJ
ger-561	407	7	to	to	PART
ger-561	407	8	use	use	VERB
ger-561	407	9	their	their	PRON
ger-561	407	10	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	407	11	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	407	12	for	for	ADP
ger-561	407	13	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	407	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	408	1	measureable	measureable	ADJ
ger-561	408	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	408	3	include	include	VERB
ger-561	408	4	raised	raise	VERB
ger-561	408	5	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ger-561	408	6	scores	score	NOUN
ger-561	408	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	408	8	increased	increase	VERB
ger-561	408	9	numbers	number	NOUN
ger-561	408	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	408	11	youth	youth	NOUN
ger-561	408	12	qualifying	qualify	VERB
ger-561	408	13	for	for	ADP
ger-561	408	14	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
ger-561	408	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	408	16	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	408	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	408	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	408	19	increased	increase	VERB
ger-561	408	20	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	408	21	to	to	ADP
ger-561	408	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	408	23	job	job	NOUN
ger-561	408	24	market	market	NOUN
ger-561	408	25	after	after	ADP
ger-561	408	26	graduation	graduation	NOUN
ger-561	408	27	from	from	ADP
ger-561	408	28	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	408	29	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	408	30	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	409	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	409	2	author	author	NOUN
ger-561	409	3	proposes	propose	VERB
ger-561	409	4	a	a	DET
ger-561	409	5	prototype	prototype	NOUN
ger-561	409	6	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ger-561	409	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	409	8	an	an	DET
ger-561	409	9	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	409	10	country	country	NOUN
ger-561	409	11	that	that	PRON
ger-561	409	12	includes	include	VERB
ger-561	409	13	16	16	NUM
ger-561	409	14	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	409	15	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	409	16	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	409	17	7	7	NUM
ger-561	409	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	409	19	3	3	NUM
ger-561	409	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	409	21	a	a	DET
ger-561	409	22	complex	complex	ADJ
ger-561	409	23	causal	causal	ADJ
ger-561	409	24	pathway	pathway	NOUN
ger-561	409	25	like	like	ADP
ger-561	409	26	the	the	DET
ger-561	409	27	one	one	NOUN
ger-561	409	28	described	describe	VERB
ger-561	409	29	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	409	30	which	which	PRON
ger-561	409	31	would	would	AUX
ger-561	409	32	be	be	AUX
ger-561	409	33	implemented	implement	VERB
ger-561	409	34	in	in	ADP
ger-561	409	35	three	three	NUM
ger-561	409	36	phases	phase	NOUN
ger-561	409	37	of	of	ADP
ger-561	409	38	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	409	39	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	409	40	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	409	41	taking	take	VERB
ger-561	409	42	place	place	NOUN
ger-561	409	43	throughout	throughout	ADP
ger-561	409	44	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	409	45	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	409	46	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	409	47	the	the	DET
ger-561	409	48	start	start	NOUN
ger-561	409	49	of	of	ADP
ger-561	409	50	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	409	51	eight	eight	NUM
ger-561	409	52	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	410	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	410	2	midterm	midterm	NOUN
ger-561	410	3	outcome	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	410	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	410	5	phase	phase	NOUN
ger-561	410	6	2	2	NUM
ger-561	410	7	should	should	AUX
ger-561	410	8	reflect	reflect	VERB
ger-561	410	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	410	10	large	large	ADJ
ger-561	410	11	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ger-561	410	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	410	13	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	410	14	entering	enter	VERB
ger-561	410	15	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	410	16	8	8	NUM
ger-561	410	17	equipped	equip	VERB
ger-561	410	18	with	with	ADP
ger-561	410	19	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	410	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	410	21	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	410	22	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	410	23	fully	fully	ADV
ger-561	410	24	developed	develop	VERB
ger-561	410	25	via	via	ADP
ger-561	410	26	their	their	PRON
ger-561	410	27	l1	l1	NOUN
ger-561	410	28	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	410	29	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	410	30	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
ger-561	410	31	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	410	32	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	410	33	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	410	34	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	410	35	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	410	36	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	410	37	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	410	38	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	410	39	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	410	40	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	410	41	communication	communication	NOUN
ger-561	410	42	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	410	43	that	that	PRON
ger-561	410	44	enable	enable	VERB
ger-561	410	45	them	they	PRON
ger-561	410	46	to	to	PART
ger-561	410	47	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	410	48	using	use	VERB
ger-561	410	49	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	410	50	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
ger-561	410	51	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	410	52	study	study	VERB
ger-561	410	53	all	all	DET
ger-561	410	54	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	410	55	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	410	56	subjects	subject	NOUN
ger-561	410	57	via	via	ADP
ger-561	410	58	the	the	DET
ger-561	410	59	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	410	60	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	411	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	411	2	goal	goal	NOUN
ger-561	411	3	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	411	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	411	5	scope	scope	NOUN
ger-561	411	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	411	7	this	this	DET
ger-561	411	8	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	411	9	would	would	AUX
ger-561	411	10	be	be	AUX
ger-561	411	11	for	for	SCONJ
ger-561	411	12	youth	youth	NOUN
ger-561	411	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	411	14	graduate	graduate	VERB
ger-561	411	15	from	from	ADP
ger-561	411	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ger-561	411	17	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	411	18	able	able	ADJ
ger-561	411	19	to	to	PART
ger-561	411	20	use	use	VERB
ger-561	411	21	their	their	PRON
ger-561	411	22	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	411	23	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	411	24	for	for	ADP
ger-561	411	25	further	further	ADJ
ger-561	411	26	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	411	27	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	411	28	either	either	CCONJ
ger-561	411	29	formally	formally	ADV
ger-561	411	30	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	411	31	informally	informally	ADV
ger-561	411	32	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	412	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	412	2	that	that	PRON
ger-561	412	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	412	4	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	412	5	communities	community	NOUN
ger-561	412	6	would	would	AUX
ger-561	412	7	eventually	eventually	ADV
ger-561	412	8	be	be	AUX
ger-561	412	9	equipped	equip	VERB
ger-561	412	10	to	to	PART
ger-561	412	11	use	use	VERB
ger-561	412	12	their	their	PRON
ger-561	412	13	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	412	14	to	to	PART
ger-561	412	15	support	support	VERB
ger-561	412	16	their	their	PRON
ger-561	412	17	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	412	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	412	19	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	412	20	goals	goal	NOUN
ger-561	412	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	412	22	enabling	enable	VERB
ger-561	412	23	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ger-561	412	24	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ger-561	412	25	alleviation	alleviation	NOUN
ger-561	412	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	413	1	dialog	dialog	NOUN
ger-561	413	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	413	3	partnership	partnership	NOUN
ger-561	413	4	with	with	ADP
ger-561	413	5	government	government	NOUN
ger-561	413	6	/education	/education	NOUN
ger-561	413	7	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ger-561	413	8	representatives	representative	NOUN
ger-561	413	9	is	be	AUX
ger-561	413	10	assumed	assume	VERB
ger-561	413	11	to	to	PART
ger-561	413	12	precede	precede	VERB
ger-561	413	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	413	14	three	three	NUM
ger-561	413	15	phases	phase	NOUN
ger-561	413	16	described	describe	VERB
ger-561	413	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	414	1	it	it	PRON
ger-561	414	2	is	be	AUX
ger-561	414	3	assumed	assume	VERB
ger-561	414	4	that	that	SCONJ
ger-561	414	5	there	there	PRON
ger-561	414	6	would	would	AUX
ger-561	414	7	be	be	AUX
ger-561	414	8	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	414	9	opposition	opposition	NOUN
ger-561	414	10	from	from	ADP
ger-561	414	11	various	various	ADJ
ger-561	414	12	levels	level	NOUN
ger-561	414	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	414	14	power	power	NOUN
ger-561	414	15	in	in	ADP
ger-561	414	16	the	the	DET
ger-561	414	17	ministries	ministry	NOUN
ger-561	414	18	of	of	ADP
ger-561	414	19	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	414	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	414	21	also	also	ADV
ger-561	414	22	from	from	ADP
ger-561	414	23	elected	elect	VERB
ger-561	414	24	officials	official	NOUN
ger-561	414	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	415	1	if	if	SCONJ
ger-561	415	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	415	3	populace	populace	NOUN
ger-561	415	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	415	5	both	both	CCONJ
ger-561	415	6	rural	rural	ADJ
ger-561	415	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	415	8	urban	urban	ADJ
ger-561	415	9	areas	area	NOUN
ger-561	415	10	were	be	AUX
ger-561	415	11	truly	truly	ADV
ger-561	415	12	awakened	awaken	VERB
ger-561	415	13	to	to	ADP
ger-561	415	14	the	the	DET
ger-561	415	15	economic	economic	ADJ
ger-561	415	16	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ger-561	415	17	gained	gain	VERB
ger-561	415	18	by	by	ADP
ger-561	415	19	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	415	20	of	of	ADP
ger-561	415	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	415	22	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	415	23	in	in	ADP
ger-561	415	24	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	415	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	415	26	they	they	PRON
ger-561	415	27	might	might	AUX
ger-561	415	28	insist	insist	VERB
ger-561	415	29	upon	upon	SCONJ
ger-561	415	30	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	415	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	416	1	references	reference	NOUN
ger-561	416	2	aaron	aaron	PROPN
ger-561	416	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	416	4	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	416	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	416	6	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	416	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	416	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	417	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	417	2	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
ger-561	417	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	417	4	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ger-561	417	5	obolo	obolo	ADJ
ger-561	417	6	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	417	7	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	417	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	417	9	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ger-561	417	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	418	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	418	2	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
ger-561	418	3	phd	phd	NOUN
ger-561	418	4	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
ger-561	418	5	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	418	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	419	1	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	419	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	419	3	reading	reading	PROPN
ger-561	419	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	420	1	ahlberg	ahlberg	PROPN
ger-561	420	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	420	3	a.	a.	PROPN
ger-561	420	4	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	420	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	420	6	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	420	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	420	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	421	1	how	how	SCONJ
ger-561	421	2	abugida	abugida	PROPN
ger-561	421	3	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	421	4	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	421	5	alphabetic	alphabetic	ADJ
ger-561	421	6	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	421	7	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	421	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	421	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	421	10	role	role	NOUN
ger-561	421	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	421	12	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
ger-561	421	13	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	421	14	in	in	ADP
ger-561	421	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	421	16	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	421	17	process	process	NOUN
ger-561	421	18	in	in	ADP
ger-561	421	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	421	20	konso	konso	PROPN
ger-561	421	21	language	language	PROPN
ger-561	421	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	421	23	southwest	southwest	ADJ
ger-561	421	24	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	421	25	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	422	1	jyu	jyu	PROPN
ger-561	422	2	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
ger-561	422	3	237	237	NUM
ger-561	422	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	423	1	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	423	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	423	3	jyväskyla	jyväskyla	PROPN
ger-561	423	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	424	1	anthony	anthony	PROPN
ger-561	424	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	424	4	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	424	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	6	schoger	schoger	NOUN
ger-561	424	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	8	k	k	PROPN
ger-561	424	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	10	solari	solari	PROPN
ger-561	424	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	12	e.	e.	PROPN
ger-561	424	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	14	williams	williams	PROPN
ger-561	424	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	16	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	424	17	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	424	18	zhang	zhang	PROPN
ger-561	424	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	424	20	z.	z.	PROPN
ger-561	424	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	424	22	2009	2009	NUM
ger-561	424	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	424	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	425	1	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	425	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	425	3	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	425	4	phonemic	phonemic	ADJ
ger-561	425	5	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	425	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	425	7	spanishspeaking	spanishspeake	VERB
ger-561	425	8	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	425	9	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	425	10	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	425	11	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	425	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	425	13	roles	role	NOUN
ger-561	425	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	425	15	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ger-561	425	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	425	17	letter	letter	NOUN
ger-561	425	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ger-561	425	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	425	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	425	21	prior	prior	ADJ
ger-561	425	22	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	425	23	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	425	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	426	1	scientific	scientific	ADJ
ger-561	426	2	studies	study	NOUN
ger-561	426	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	426	4	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	426	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	426	6	13(6	13(6	PROPN
ger-561	426	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	426	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	426	9	535	535	NUM
ger-561	426	10	-	-	SYM
ger-561	426	11	564	564	NUM
ger-561	426	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	427	1	aro	aro	NOUN
ger-561	427	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	427	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	427	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	427	5	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	427	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	427	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	428	1	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	428	2	to	to	PART
ger-561	428	3	read	read	VERB
ger-561	428	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	428	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	428	6	effect	effect	NOUN
ger-561	428	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	428	8	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	428	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	429	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	429	2	r.m	r.m	PROPN
ger-561	429	3	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	429	4	joshi	joshi	PROPN
ger-561	429	5	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	429	6	p.g	p.g	PROPN
ger-561	429	7	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	429	8	aaron	aaron	PROPN
ger-561	429	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	429	10	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	429	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	429	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	429	13	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ger-561	429	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	429	15	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	429	16	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	429	17	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	429	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	429	19	pp.531	pp.531	NOUN
ger-561	429	20	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	429	21	550	550	NUM
ger-561	429	22	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	429	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	430	1	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
ger-561	430	2	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
ger-561	430	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	431	1	baker	baker	PROPN
ger-561	431	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	431	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	431	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	431	5	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	431	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	431	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	432	1	foundations	foundation	NOUN
ger-561	432	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	432	3	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	432	4	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	432	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	432	6	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	432	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	433	1	buffalo	buffalo	PROPN
ger-561	433	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	433	3	ny	ny	NOUN
ger-561	433	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	433	5	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	433	6	matters	matter	NOUN
ger-561	433	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	434	1	bear	bear	PROPN
ger-561	434	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	434	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	434	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	6	invernizzi	invernizzi	PROPN
ger-561	434	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	8	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	434	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	10	johnston	johnston	PROPN
ger-561	434	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	12	f.	f.	PROPN
ger-561	434	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	14	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	434	15	templeton	templeton	PROPN
ger-561	434	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	434	17	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	434	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	434	19	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	434	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	434	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	435	1	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	435	2	their	their	PRON
ger-561	435	3	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	435	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	435	5	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	435	6	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	435	7	for	for	ADP
ger-561	435	8	phonics	phonic	NOUN
ger-561	435	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	435	10	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	435	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	435	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	435	13	spelling	spelling	NOUN
ger-561	435	14	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	435	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	436	1	pearson	pearson	PROPN
ger-561	436	2	education	education	PROPN
ger-561	436	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	436	4	inc	inc	PROPN
ger-561	436	5	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	436	6	bear	bear	PROPN
ger-561	436	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	436	8	d.r	d.r	PROPN
ger-561	436	9	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	436	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	436	11	johnston	johnston	PROPN
ger-561	436	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	436	13	f.	f.	PROPN
ger-561	436	14	invernizzi	invernizzi	PROPN
ger-561	436	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	436	16	m.	m.	PROPN
ger-561	436	17	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	436	18	templeton	templeton	PROPN
ger-561	436	19	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	436	20	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	436	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	436	22	2009	2009	NUM
ger-561	436	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	436	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	437	1	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	437	2	their	their	PRON
ger-561	437	3	way	way	NOUN
ger-561	437	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	437	5	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	437	6	sorts	sort	VERB
ger-561	437	7	for	for	ADP
ger-561	437	8	syllables	syllable	NOUN
ger-561	437	9	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	437	10	affixes	affix	NOUN
ger-561	437	11	spellers	speller	NOUN
ger-561	437	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	438	1	pearson	pearson	PROPN
ger-561	438	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	439	1	bender	bender	PROPN
ger-561	439	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	439	3	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	439	4	april	april	PROPN
ger-561	439	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	439	6	2002	2002	NUM
ger-561	439	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	439	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	440	1	notes	note	NOUN
ger-561	440	2	from	from	ADP
ger-561	440	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	440	4	presentation	presentation	NOUN
ger-561	440	5	on	on	ADP
ger-561	440	6	mali	mali	PROPN
ger-561	440	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	440	8	paper	paper	PROPN
ger-561	440	9	presented	present	VERB
ger-561	440	10	at	at	ADP
ger-561	440	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	440	12	world	world	PROPN
ger-561	440	13	bank	bank	PROPN
ger-561	440	14	brown	brown	PROPN
ger-561	440	15	bag	bag	NOUN
ger-561	440	16	luncheon	luncheon	NOUN
ger-561	440	17	on	on	ADP
ger-561	440	18	indigenous	indigenous	ADJ
ger-561	440	19	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	440	20	in	in	ADP
ger-561	440	21	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	440	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	441	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	441	2	from	from	ADP
ger-561	441	3	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	441	4	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	441	5	network	network	NOUN
ger-561	441	6	interest	interest	NOUN
ger-561	441	7	group	group	NOUN
ger-561	441	8	on	on	ADP
ger-561	441	9	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	441	10	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ger-561	441	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	441	12	march	march	PROPN
ger-561	441	13	23	23	NUM
ger-561	441	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	441	15	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	441	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	442	1	benson	benson	PROPN
ger-561	442	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	442	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	442	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	442	5	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	442	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	442	7	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	442	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	442	9	bogale	bogale	NOUN
ger-561	442	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	442	11	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	442	12	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	442	13	gebre	gebre	PROPN
ger-561	442	14	yohannes	yohanne	NOUN
ger-561	442	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	442	16	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	442	17	a.	a.	NOUN
ger-561	442	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	442	19	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	442	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	442	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	443	1	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	443	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	443	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	443	4	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	443	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	443	6	what	what	PRON
ger-561	443	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ger-561	443	8	shows	show	VERB
ger-561	443	9	about	about	ADP
ger-561	443	10	what	what	PRON
ger-561	443	11	works	work	VERB
ger-561	443	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	443	13	what	what	PRON
ger-561	443	14	does	do	VERB
ger-561	443	15	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	443	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	444	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	444	2	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	444	3	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	444	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	444	5	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	444	6	skutnabb	skutnabb	PROPN
ger-561	444	7	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	444	8	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	444	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	444	10	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	444	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	444	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	444	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	444	14	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	444	15	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	444	16	works	work	VERB
ger-561	444	17	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	444	18	from	from	ADP
ger-561	444	19	the	the	DET
ger-561	444	20	periphery	periphery	NOUN
ger-561	444	21	to	to	ADP
ger-561	444	22	the	the	DET
ger-561	444	23	centre	centre	NOUN
ger-561	444	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	444	25	pp.287	pp.287	PROPN
ger-561	444	26	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	444	27	315	315	NUM
ger-561	444	28	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	444	29	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	445	1	blackswan	blackswan	PROPN
ger-561	445	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	446	1	berg	berg	PROPN
ger-561	446	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	446	3	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	446	4	botha	botha	PROPN
ger-561	446	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	446	6	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	446	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	446	8	uys	uys	PROPN
ger-561	446	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	446	10	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	446	11	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	446	12	walt	walt	PROPN
ger-561	446	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	446	14	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	446	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	446	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	446	17	2007	2007	NUM
ger-561	446	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	446	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	447	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	447	2	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	447	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	447	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	447	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	447	6	a	a	DET
ger-561	447	7	situation	situation	NOUN
ger-561	447	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ger-561	447	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	448	1	south	south	ADJ
ger-561	448	2	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	448	3	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	448	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	448	5	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	448	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	448	7	27	27	NUM
ger-561	448	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	448	9	69	69	NUM
ger-561	448	10	-	-	SYM
ger-561	448	11	72	72	NUM
ger-561	448	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	449	1	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	449	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	449	3	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	449	4	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	449	5	17	17	NUM
ger-561	449	6	bialystok	bialystok	ADJ
ger-561	449	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	449	8	e.	e.	PROPN
ger-561	449	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	449	10	2001	2001	NUM
ger-561	449	11	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	449	12	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	449	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	449	14	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	449	15	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	449	16	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	449	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	449	18	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	449	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	449	20	cognition	cognition	NOUN
ger-561	449	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	450	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ger-561	450	2	university	university	PROPN
ger-561	450	3	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	450	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	451	1	bloom	bloom	PROPN
ger-561	451	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	451	4	e.	e.	PROPN
ger-561	451	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	6	canning	canning	NOUN
ger-561	451	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	8	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	451	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	10	chan	chan	PROPN
ger-561	451	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	12	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	451	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	14	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	451	15	luca	luca	PROPN
ger-561	451	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	451	17	d.l	d.l	PROPN
ger-561	451	18	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	451	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	451	20	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	451	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	451	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	452	1	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	452	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	452	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	452	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ger-561	452	5	growth	growth	NOUN
ger-561	452	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	452	7	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	452	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	453	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	453	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	453	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	453	4	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	453	5	higher	high	ADJ
ger-561	453	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	453	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	453	8	1(1	1(1	NUM
ger-561	453	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	453	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	454	1	https://doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v1i1.5643	https://doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v1i1.5643	VERB
ger-561	455	1	british	british	PROPN
ger-561	455	2	council	council	PROPN
ger-561	455	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	456	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	456	2	n.d	n.d	PROPN
ger-561	456	3	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	456	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	456	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	457	1	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ger-561	457	2	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	457	3	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	457	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	457	5	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	457	6	reports	report	VERB
ger-561	457	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	457	8	next	next	ADJ
ger-561	457	9	generation	generation	NOUN
ger-561	457	10	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	457	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	458	1	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/globalprojects/track-record/english-languageimprovement-project-elip-ethiopia	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/globalprojects/track-record/english-languageimprovement-project-elip-ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	458	2	caldas	caldas	PROPN
ger-561	458	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	458	4	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	458	5	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	458	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	458	7	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	458	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	458	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	459	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ger-561	459	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	459	3	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	459	4	performance	performance	NOUN
ger-561	459	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	459	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	459	7	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	459	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	459	9	no	no	DET
ger-561	459	10	child	child	NOUN
ger-561	459	11	left	leave	VERB
ger-561	459	12	behind	behind	ADP
ger-561	459	13	policies	policy	NOUN
ger-561	459	14	on	on	ADP
ger-561	459	15	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	459	16	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	459	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	460	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	460	2	v.	v.	ADP
ger-561	460	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	460	4	m.	m.	PROPN
ger-561	460	5	gathercole	gathercole	PROPN
ger-561	460	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	460	7	ed	ed	NOUN
ger-561	460	8	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	460	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	460	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	460	11	issues	issue	NOUN
ger-561	460	12	in	in	ADP
ger-561	460	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	460	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ger-561	460	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	460	16	bilinguals	bilingual	NOUN
ger-561	460	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	461	1	springer	springer	NOUN
ger-561	461	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	462	1	cardoso	cardoso	PROPN
ger-561	462	2	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	462	3	martins	martin	NOUN
ger-561	462	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	5	c.	c.	NOUN
ger-561	462	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	7	grigorenko	grigorenko	PROPN
ger-561	462	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	9	e.l	e.l	PROPN
ger-561	462	10	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	462	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	12	kornev	kornev	PROPN
ger-561	462	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	14	a.	a.	PROPN
ger-561	462	15	n.	n.	PROPN
ger-561	462	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	17	mourges	mourge	NOUN
ger-561	462	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	19	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	462	20	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	462	21	rakhlin	rakhlin	PROPN
ger-561	462	22	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	462	23	n.v	n.v	PROPN
ger-561	462	24	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	462	25	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	462	26	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	462	27	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	462	28	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	463	1	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	463	2	processing	processing	NOUN
ger-561	463	3	is	be	AUX
ger-561	463	4	a	a	DET
ger-561	463	5	key	key	ADJ
ger-561	463	6	predictor	predictor	NOUN
ger-561	463	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	463	8	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	463	9	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ger-561	463	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	463	11	good	good	ADJ
ger-561	463	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	463	13	poor	poor	ADJ
ger-561	463	14	readers	reader	NOUN
ger-561	463	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	464	1	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
ger-561	464	2	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	464	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
ger-561	464	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	464	5	56	56	NUM
ger-561	464	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	464	7	250	250	NUM
ger-561	464	8	-	-	SYM
ger-561	464	9	261	261	NUM
ger-561	464	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	465	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.002	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.002	PROPN
ger-561	465	2	clarkson	clarkson	PROPN
ger-561	465	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	465	4	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	465	5	c	c	NUM
ger-561	465	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	465	7	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	465	8	galbraith	galbraith	PROPN
ger-561	465	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	465	10	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	465	11	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	465	12	1992	1992	NUM
ger-561	465	13	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	465	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	466	1	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	466	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	466	3	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
ger-561	466	4	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	466	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	466	6	another	another	DET
ger-561	466	7	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ger-561	466	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	467	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	467	2	for	for	ADP
ger-561	467	3	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	467	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	467	5	mathematics	mathematics	PROPN
ger-561	467	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	467	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	467	8	23(1	23(1	NUM
ger-561	467	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	467	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	467	11	34	34	NUM
ger-561	467	12	-	-	SYM
ger-561	467	13	44	44	NUM
ger-561	467	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	468	1	clegg	clegg	PROPN
ger-561	468	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	468	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	468	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	468	5	afitska	afitska	PROPN
ger-561	468	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	468	7	o.	o.	PROPN
ger-561	468	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	468	9	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	468	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	468	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	469	1	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	469	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	469	3	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	469	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	469	5	two	two	NUM
ger-561	469	6	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	469	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	469	8	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	469	9	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ger-561	469	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	469	11	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ger-561	469	12	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	469	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	469	14	47(1	47(1	NUM
ger-561	469	15	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	469	16	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	469	17	6177	6177	NUM
ger-561	469	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	470	1	https://doi	https://doi	ADJ
ger-561	470	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	470	3	10.1080/03050068.2011.541677	10.1080/03050068.2011.541677	NUM
ger-561	470	4	cleghorn	cleghorn	ADJ
ger-561	470	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	470	6	a.	a.	NOUN
ger-561	470	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	470	8	1992	1992	NUM
ger-561	470	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	470	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	471	1	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	471	2	level	level	NOUN
ger-561	471	3	science	science	NOUN
ger-561	471	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	471	5	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	471	6	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	471	7	constructing	construct	VERB
ger-561	471	8	meaning	meaning	NOUN
ger-561	471	9	through	through	ADP
ger-561	471	10	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	471	11	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	471	12	indigenous	indigenous	ADJ
ger-561	471	13	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	471	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	472	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	472	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	472	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	472	4	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
ger-561	472	5	studies	study	NOUN
ger-561	472	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	472	7	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	472	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	472	9	oct	oct	PROPN
ger-561	472	10	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	472	11	nov	nov	PROPN
ger-561	472	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	472	13	311	311	NUM
ger-561	472	14	-	-	SYM
ger-561	472	15	323	323	NUM
ger-561	472	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	473	1	collins	collins	PROPN
ger-561	473	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	473	3	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	473	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	473	5	mees	mees	PROPN
ger-561	473	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	473	7	i.	i.	PROPN
ger-561	473	8	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	473	9	practical	practical	ADJ
ger-561	473	10	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
ger-561	473	11	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	473	12	phonology	phonology	NOUN
ger-561	473	13	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	473	14	a	a	DET
ger-561	473	15	resource	resource	NOUN
ger-561	473	16	book	book	NOUN
ger-561	473	17	for	for	ADP
ger-561	473	18	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	473	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	474	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ger-561	474	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	475	1	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/french_phonolog	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/french_phonolog	PROPN
ger-561	475	2	y#vowels	y#vowel	NOUN
ger-561	475	3	cook	cook	VERB
ger-561	475	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	475	5	v.	v.	PROPN
ger-561	475	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	475	7	2004	2004	NUM
ger-561	475	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	475	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	476	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	476	2	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	476	3	writing	write	VERB
ger-561	476	4	system	system	NOUN
ger-561	476	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	477	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ger-561	477	2	university	university	PROPN
ger-561	477	3	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	477	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	478	1	cummins	cummins	PROPN
ger-561	478	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	478	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	478	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	478	5	1976	1976	NUM
ger-561	478	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	478	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	479	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	479	2	influence	influence	NOUN
ger-561	479	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	479	4	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	479	5	on	on	ADP
ger-561	479	6	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	479	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ger-561	479	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	479	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	479	10	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
ger-561	479	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	479	12	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	479	13	findings	finding	NOUN
ger-561	479	14	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	479	15	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
ger-561	479	16	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
ger-561	479	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	480	1	working	work	VERB
ger-561	480	2	papers	paper	NOUN
ger-561	480	3	on	on	ADP
ger-561	480	4	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	480	5	9	9	NUM
ger-561	480	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	480	7	1	1	NUM
ger-561	480	8	-	-	SYM
ger-561	480	9	43	43	NUM
ger-561	480	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	481	1	cummins	cummins	PROPN
ger-561	481	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	481	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	481	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	481	5	1986	1986	NUM
ger-561	481	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	481	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	482	1	empowering	empower	VERB
ger-561	482	2	minority	minority	NOUN
ger-561	482	3	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	482	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	482	5	a	a	DET
ger-561	482	6	framework	framework	NOUN
ger-561	482	7	for	for	ADP
ger-561	482	8	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ger-561	482	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	483	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
ger-561	483	2	educational	educational	PROPN
ger-561	483	3	review	review	PROPN
ger-561	483	4	56(1),18	56(1),18	NUM
ger-561	483	5	-	-	SYM
ger-561	483	6	36	36	NUM
ger-561	483	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	484	1	droop	droop	NOUN
ger-561	484	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	484	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	484	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	484	5	verhoeven	verhoeven	PROPN
ger-561	484	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	484	7	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	484	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	484	9	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	484	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	484	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	485	1	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	485	2	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	485	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	485	4	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	485	5	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	485	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	485	7	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	485	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	485	9	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	485	10	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	485	11	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	485	12	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	485	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	486	1	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	486	2	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	486	3	quarterly	quarterly	ADV
ger-561	486	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	486	5	38(1	38(1	NUM
ger-561	486	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	486	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	486	8	78	78	NUM
ger-561	486	9	-	-	SYM
ger-561	486	10	103	103	NUM
ger-561	486	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	487	1	dubeck	dubeck	PROPN
ger-561	487	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	487	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	487	4	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	487	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	487	6	jukes	jukes	PROPN
ger-561	487	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	487	8	m.c	m.c	PROPN
ger-561	487	9	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	487	10	h.	h.	PROPN
ger-561	487	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	487	12	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	487	13	okello	okello	PROPN
ger-561	487	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	487	15	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	487	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	487	17	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	487	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	487	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	488	1	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	488	2	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	488	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	488	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	488	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	488	6	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	488	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	489	1	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ger-561	489	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	489	3	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	489	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	489	5	56	56	NUM
ger-561	489	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	489	7	1	1	NUM
ger-561	489	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	489	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	489	10	48–68	48–68	PROPN
ger-561	489	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	490	1	https://doi.org/10.1086/660693	https://doi.org/10.1086/660693	PROPN
ger-561	490	2	dutcher	dutcher	PROPN
ger-561	490	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	490	4	n.	n.	PROPN
ger-561	490	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	490	6	1995	1995	NUM
ger-561	490	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	490	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	491	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	491	2	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	491	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	491	4	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	491	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	491	6	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	491	7	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	491	8	in	in	ADP
ger-561	491	9	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	491	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	491	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	491	12	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	491	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	491	14	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	491	15	experience	experience	NOUN
ger-561	491	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	492	1	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
ger-561	492	2	by	by	ADP
ger-561	492	3	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	492	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	492	5	tucker	tucker	PROPN
ger-561	492	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	493	1	pacific	pacific	PROPN
ger-561	493	2	islands	islands	PROPN
ger-561	493	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
ger-561	493	4	paper	paper	NOUN
ger-561	493	5	series	series	PROPN
ger-561	493	6	1	1	NUM
ger-561	493	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	494	1	washington	washington	PROPN
ger-561	494	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	494	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
ger-561	494	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	494	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	494	6	world	world	PROPN
ger-561	494	7	bank	bank	PROPN
ger-561	494	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	495	1	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	495	2	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	495	3	f.	f.	PROPN
ger-561	495	4	literacy	literacy	PROPN
ger-561	495	5	resources	resource	NOUN
ger-561	495	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	495	7	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	495	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	495	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	496	1	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/c	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/c	PROPN
ger-561	496	2	entricity	entricity	NOUN
ger-561	496	3	/	/	SYM
ger-561	496	4	domain/3795	domain/3795	PROPN
ger-561	496	5	/	/	SYM
ger-561	496	6	sound_spelling_chart	sound_spelling_chart	PROPN
ger-561	496	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	496	8	pdf	pdf	NOUN
ger-561	496	9	eberhard	eberhard	NOUN
ger-561	496	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	496	11	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	496	12	m.	m.	PROPN
ger-561	496	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	496	14	simons	simon	NOUN
ger-561	496	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	496	16	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	496	17	f.	f.	PROPN
ger-561	496	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	496	19	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	496	20	fennig	fennig	NOUN
ger-561	496	21	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	496	22	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	496	23	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	496	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	496	25	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	496	26	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	496	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	497	1	ethnologue	ethnologue	NOUN
ger-561	497	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	497	3	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	497	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	497	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	497	6	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	497	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	498	1	twenty	twenty	NUM
ger-561	498	2	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	498	3	third	third	NOUN
ger-561	498	4	edition	edition	NOUN
ger-561	498	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	499	1	dallas	dallas	PROPN
ger-561	499	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	499	3	texas	texas	PROPN
ger-561	499	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	499	5	sil	sil	PROPN
ger-561	499	6	international	international	PROPN
ger-561	499	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	500	1	online	online	ADJ
ger-561	500	2	version	version	PROPN
ger-561	500	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	500	4	https://www.ethnologue.com	https://www.ethnologue.com	X
ger-561	500	5	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	500	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	500	7	all	all	PRON
ger-561	500	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	500	9	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	500	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	500	11	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	500	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	500	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	501	1	unequal	unequal	ADJ
ger-561	501	2	access	access	NOUN
ger-561	501	3	to	to	ADP
ger-561	501	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	501	5	school	school	NOUN
ger-561	501	6	system	system	NOUN
ger-561	501	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	502	1	https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-unequal-accessto-the-school-system/a-15880333	https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-unequal-accessto-the-school-system/a-15880333	NOUN
ger-561	502	2	ehri	ehri	PROPN
ger-561	502	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	502	4	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	502	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	502	6	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	502	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	502	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	503	1	alphabetics	alphabetic	NOUN
ger-561	503	2	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	503	3	helps	help	VERB
ger-561	503	4	students	student	NOUN
ger-561	503	5	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	503	6	to	to	PART
ger-561	503	7	read	read	VERB
ger-561	503	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	504	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	504	2	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	504	3	m.	m.	PROPN
ger-561	504	4	joshi	joshi	PROPN
ger-561	504	5	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	504	6	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	504	7	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	504	8	aaron	aaron	PROPN
ger-561	504	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	504	10	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	504	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	504	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	504	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	504	14	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ger-561	504	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	504	16	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	504	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	504	18	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	504	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	504	20	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	504	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	504	22	649	649	NUM
ger-561	504	23	-	-	NUM
ger-561	504	24	677	677	NUM
ger-561	504	25	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	504	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	505	1	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
ger-561	505	2	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
ger-561	505	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	506	1	https://doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v1i1.5643	https://doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v1i1.5643	VERB
ger-561	506	2	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/global-projects/track-record/english-language-improvement-project-elip-ethiopia	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/global-projects/track-record/english-language-improvement-project-elip-ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	506	3	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/global-projects/track-record/english-language-improvement-project-elip-ethiopia	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/global-projects/track-record/english-language-improvement-project-elip-ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	506	4	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/global-projects/track-record/english-language-improvement-project-elip-ethiopia	https://englishagenda.britishcouncil.org/global-projects/track-record/english-language-improvement-project-elip-ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	506	5	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.002	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.002	PROPN
ger-561	506	6	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.002	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.002	NOUN
ger-561	506	7	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/french_phonology#vowels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/french_phonology#vowel	VERB
ger-561	506	8	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/french_phonology#vowels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/french_phonology#vowel	VERB
ger-561	506	9	https://doi.org/10.1086/660693	https://doi.org/10.1086/660693	VERB
ger-561	506	10	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/centricity/domain/3795/sound_spelling_chart.pdf	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/centricity/domain/3795/sound_spelling_chart.pdf	X
ger-561	506	11	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/centricity/domain/3795/sound_spelling_chart.pdf	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/centricity/domain/3795/sound_spelling_chart.pdf	X
ger-561	506	12	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/centricity/domain/3795/sound_spelling_chart.pdf	https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib/az01901092/centricity/domain/3795/sound_spelling_chart.pdf	X
ger-561	506	13	https://www.ethnologue.com/	https://www.ethnologue.com/	VERB
ger-561	506	14	https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-unequal-access-to-the-school-system/a-15880333	https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-unequal-access-to-the-school-system/a-15880333	ADV
ger-561	506	15	https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-unequal-access-to-the-school-system/a-15880333	https://www.dw.com/en/kenya-unequal-access-to-the-school-system/a-15880333	PROPN
ger-561	506	16	18	18	NUM
ger-561	506	17	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	506	18	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	506	19	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	506	20	7	7	NUM
ger-561	506	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	506	22	3	3	NUM
ger-561	506	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	506	24	fafunwa	fafunwa	PROPN
ger-561	506	25	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	506	26	a.	a.	PROPN
ger-561	506	27	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	506	28	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	506	29	1978	1978	NUM
ger-561	506	30	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	506	31	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	507	1	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	507	2	in	in	ADP
ger-561	507	3	mother	mother	NOUN
ger-561	507	4	tongue	tongue	PROPN
ger-561	507	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	507	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	507	7	ife	ife	PROPN
ger-561	507	8	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	507	9	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	507	10	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	507	11	project	project	NOUN
ger-561	507	12	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	507	13	1970	1970	NUM
ger-561	507	14	-	-	SYM
ger-561	507	15	1978	1978	NUM
ger-561	507	16	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	507	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	508	1	reproductions	reproduction	NOUN
ger-561	508	2	supplied	supply	VERB
ger-561	508	3	by	by	ADP
ger-561	508	4	edrs	edr	NOUN
ger-561	508	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	509	1	196	196	NUM
ger-561	509	2	pages	page	NOUN
ger-561	509	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	510	1	fender	fender	NOUN
ger-561	510	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	510	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	510	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	510	5	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	510	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	510	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	511	1	arabic	arabic	ADJ
ger-561	511	2	literacy	literacy	PROPN
ger-561	511	3	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	511	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	511	5	cross	cross	ADJ
ger-561	511	6	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	511	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ger-561	511	8	effects	effect	NOUN
ger-561	511	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	512	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	512	2	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	512	3	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	512	4	zehler	zehler	PROPN
ger-561	512	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	512	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	512	7	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	512	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	512	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	513	1	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	513	2	to	to	PART
ger-561	513	3	read	read	VERB
ger-561	513	4	across	across	ADP
ger-561	513	5	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	513	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	513	7	pp	pp	ADV
ger-561	513	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	514	1	101	101	NUM
ger-561	514	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	514	3	124	124	NUM
ger-561	514	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	514	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	515	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ger-561	515	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	516	1	funnell	funnell	PROPN
ger-561	516	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	516	3	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	516	4	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	516	5	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	516	6	rogers	rogers	PROPN
ger-561	516	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	516	8	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	516	9	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	517	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	517	2	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	517	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	517	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	518	1	purposeful	purposeful	ADJ
ger-561	518	2	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	518	3	theory	theory	NOUN
ger-561	518	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	518	5	effective	effective	ADJ
ger-561	518	6	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	518	7	of	of	ADP
ger-561	518	8	theories	theory	NOUN
ger-561	518	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	518	10	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	518	11	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	518	12	logic	logic	NOUN
ger-561	518	13	models	model	NOUN
ger-561	518	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	519	1	[	[	X
ger-561	519	2	kindle	kindle	NOUN
ger-561	519	3	dx	dx	PROPN
ger-561	519	4	version	version	PROPN
ger-561	519	5	]	]	PUNCT
ger-561	519	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	520	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	520	2	from	from	ADP
ger-561	520	3	amazon.com	amazon.com	X
ger-561	520	4	coulibali	coulibali	PROPN
ger-561	520	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	520	6	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	520	7	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	520	8	gandhi	gandhi	PROPN
ger-561	520	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	520	10	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	520	11	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	520	12	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	520	13	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	520	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	521	1	mobilization	mobilization	NOUN
ger-561	521	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	521	3	tax	tax	NOUN
ger-561	521	4	revenues	revenue	NOUN
ger-561	521	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	521	6	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	521	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	521	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	521	9	report	report	NOUN
ger-561	521	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	522	1	brookings	brookings	PROPN
ger-561	522	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	523	1	https://www.brookings.edu/research/mobilizati	https://www.brookings.edu/research/mobilizati	NUM
ger-561	523	2	on	on	ADP
ger-561	523	3	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	523	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	523	5	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	523	6	tax	tax	NOUN
ger-561	523	7	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	523	8	revenues	revenue	NOUN
ger-561	523	9	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	523	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	523	11	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	523	12	africa/	africa/	NUM
ger-561	523	13	goswami	goswami	NOUN
ger-561	523	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	523	15	u.	u.	PROPN
ger-561	523	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	523	17	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	523	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	523	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	524	1	orthography	orthography	PROPN
ger-561	524	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	524	3	phonology	phonology	NOUN
ger-561	524	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	524	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	524	6	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	524	7	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	524	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	524	9	a	a	DET
ger-561	524	10	crosslinguistic	crosslinguistic	ADJ
ger-561	524	11	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ger-561	524	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	525	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	525	2	joshi	joshi	PROPN
ger-561	525	3	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	525	4	aaron	aaron	PROPN
ger-561	525	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	525	6	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	525	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	525	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	525	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	525	10	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ger-561	525	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	525	12	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	525	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	525	14	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	525	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	525	16	pp.463480	pp.463480	PROPN
ger-561	525	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	526	1	goswami	goswami	PROPN
ger-561	526	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	526	3	u.	u.	PROPN
ger-561	526	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	526	5	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	526	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	526	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	527	1	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	527	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	527	3	complexity	complexity	NOUN
ger-561	527	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	527	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	527	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	527	7	brain	brain	NOUN
ger-561	527	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	528	1	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	528	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	528	3	42(2	42(2	NOUN
ger-561	528	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	528	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	528	6	6774	6774	NUM
ger-561	528	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	529	1	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	529	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	529	3	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	529	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	529	5	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	529	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	529	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	530	1	theory	theory	NOUN
ger-561	530	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	530	3	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	530	4	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	530	5	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	530	6	models	model	NOUN
ger-561	530	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	530	8	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	530	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	530	10	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	530	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	530	12	design	design	NOUN
ger-561	530	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	530	14	decision	decision	NOUN
ger-561	530	15	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	530	16	making	making	NOUN
ger-561	530	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	530	18	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ger-561	530	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	531	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	531	2	ouane	ouane	NOUN
ger-561	531	3	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	531	4	glanz	glanz	PROPN
ger-561	531	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	531	6	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	531	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	531	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	532	1	optimizing	optimize	VERB
ger-561	532	2	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	532	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	532	4	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	532	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	532	6	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ger-561	532	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	532	8	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	532	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	532	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	532	11	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	532	12	factor	factor	NOUN
ger-561	532	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	532	14	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	532	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	533	1	105	105	NUM
ger-561	533	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	533	3	156	156	NUM
ger-561	533	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	534	1	uil	uil	PROPN
ger-561	534	2	/	/	SYM
ger-561	534	3	adea	adea	PROPN
ger-561	534	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	535	1	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	535	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	535	3	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	535	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	535	5	skutnabb	skutnabb	PROPN
ger-561	535	6	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	535	7	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	535	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	535	9	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	535	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	535	11	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	535	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	535	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	536	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ger-561	536	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	537	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	537	2	kathleen	kathleen	PROPN
ger-561	537	3	heugh	heugh	PROPN
ger-561	537	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	537	5	tove	tove	PROPN
ger-561	537	6	skutnabb	skutnabb	PROPN
ger-561	537	7	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	537	8	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	537	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	537	10	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	537	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	537	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	537	13	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	537	14	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	537	15	works	work	NOUN
ger-561	537	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	537	17	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	537	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	537	19	3	3	NUM
ger-561	537	20	-	-	SYM
ger-561	537	21	39	39	NUM
ger-561	537	22	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	537	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	538	1	hyderabad	hyderabad	PROPN
ger-561	538	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	538	3	india	india	PROPN
ger-561	538	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	538	5	orient	orient	PROPN
ger-561	538	6	blackswan	blackswan	PROPN
ger-561	538	7	private	private	ADJ
ger-561	538	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	538	9	ilboudo	ilboudo	NOUN
ger-561	538	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	538	11	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	538	12	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	538	13	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	538	14	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	538	15	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	538	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	539	1	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	539	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	539	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	539	4	burkina	burkina	PROPN
ger-561	539	5	faso	faso	PROPN
ger-561	539	6	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	539	7	an	an	DET
ger-561	539	8	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ger-561	539	9	approach	approach	NOUN
ger-561	539	10	for	for	ADP
ger-561	539	11	quality	quality	NOUN
ger-561	539	12	basic	basic	ADJ
ger-561	539	13	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	539	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	540	1	1st	1st	ADJ
ger-561	540	2	ed	ed	NOUN
ger-561	540	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	541	1	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	541	2	experiences	experience	NOUN
ger-561	541	3	–	–	PUNCT
ger-561	541	4	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	541	5	case	case	NOUN
ger-561	541	6	studies	study	NOUN
ger-561	541	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	542	1	association	association	NOUN
ger-561	542	2	for	for	ADP
ger-561	542	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	542	4	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	542	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	542	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	542	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	542	8	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	542	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	543	1	kearns	kearns	PROPN
ger-561	543	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	543	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	543	4	m.	m.	PROPN
ger-561	543	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	543	6	2015	2015	NUM
ger-561	543	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	543	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	544	1	how	how	SCONJ
ger-561	544	2	elementaryage	elementaryage	NOUN
ger-561	544	3	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	544	4	read	read	VERB
ger-561	544	5	polysyllabic	polysyllabic	ADJ
ger-561	544	6	polymorphemic	polymorphemic	ADJ
ger-561	544	7	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	544	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	545	1	journal	journal	NOUN
ger-561	545	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	545	3	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	545	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
ger-561	545	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	545	6	107	107	NUM
ger-561	545	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	545	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	545	9	2	2	NUM
ger-561	545	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	545	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	545	12	364	364	NUM
ger-561	545	13	-	-	SYM
ger-561	545	14	390	390	NUM
ger-561	545	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	546	1	kembo	kembo	PROPN
ger-561	546	2	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	546	3	sure	sure	PROPN
ger-561	546	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	546	5	ogechi	ogechi	PROPN
ger-561	546	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	546	7	n.	n.	NOUN
ger-561	546	8	o.	o.	PROPN
ger-561	546	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	546	10	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	546	11	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	546	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	547	1	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	547	2	through	through	ADP
ger-561	547	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	547	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ger-561	547	5	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	547	6	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	547	7	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	547	8	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	547	9	rights	right	NOUN
ger-561	547	10	to	to	ADP
ger-561	547	11	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	547	12	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	547	13	an	an	DET
ger-561	547	14	examination	examination	NOUN
ger-561	547	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	547	16	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	547	17	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	547	18	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	547	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	547	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	547	21	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	547	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	548	1	nordic	nordic	ADJ
ger-561	548	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	548	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	548	4	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	548	5	studies	study	NOUN
ger-561	548	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	548	7	25	25	NUM
ger-561	548	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	548	9	92	92	NUM
ger-561	548	10	-	-	SYM
ger-561	548	11	106	106	NUM
ger-561	548	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	549	1	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	549	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	549	3	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	549	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	549	5	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	549	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	549	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	550	1	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	550	2	to	to	PART
ger-561	550	3	read	read	VERB
ger-561	550	4	across	across	ADP
ger-561	550	5	writing	write	VERB
ger-561	550	6	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	550	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	550	8	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	550	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	550	10	metalinguistic	metalinguistic	ADJ
ger-561	550	11	awareness	awareness	NOUN
ger-561	550	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	550	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	550	14	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	550	15	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	550	16	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	550	17	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	550	18	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	550	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	551	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	551	2	v.	v.	ADP
ger-561	551	3	cook	cook	PROPN
ger-561	551	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	551	5	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	551	6	bassetti	bassetti	PROPN
ger-561	551	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	551	8	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	551	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	551	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	552	1	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	552	2	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	552	3	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	552	4	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	552	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	552	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	552	7	pp	pp	ADP
ger-561	552	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	552	9	311334	311334	NUM
ger-561	552	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	552	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	553	1	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	553	2	matters	matter	NOUN
ger-561	553	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	554	1	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	554	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	554	3	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	554	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	554	5	zehler	zehler	PROPN
ger-561	554	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	554	7	a.	a.	NOUN
ger-561	554	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	554	9	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	554	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	554	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	555	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ger-561	555	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	556	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	556	2	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	556	3	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	556	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	556	5	a.m.	a.m.	PROPN
ger-561	556	6	zehler	zehler	PROPN
ger-561	556	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	556	8	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	556	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	556	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	557	1	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	557	2	to	to	PART
ger-561	557	3	read	read	VERB
ger-561	557	4	across	across	ADP
ger-561	557	5	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	557	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	557	7	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	557	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	558	1	1	1	NUM
ger-561	558	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	558	3	9	9	NUM
ger-561	558	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	558	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	559	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ger-561	559	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	560	1	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	560	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	560	3	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	560	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	560	5	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	560	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	560	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	561	1	impacts	impact	NOUN
ger-561	561	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	561	3	prior	prior	ADJ
ger-561	561	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	561	5	experience	experience	NOUN
ger-561	561	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	562	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	562	2	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	562	3	koda	koda	PROPN
ger-561	562	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	562	5	a.m.	a.m.	PROPN
ger-561	562	6	zehler	zehler	PROPN
ger-561	562	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	562	8	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	562	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	562	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	562	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	562	12	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	562	13	to	to	PART
ger-561	562	14	read	read	VERB
ger-561	562	15	across	across	ADP
ger-561	562	16	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	562	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	562	18	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	562	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	563	1	68	68	NUM
ger-561	563	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	563	3	96	96	NUM
ger-561	563	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	563	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	564	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ger-561	564	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	565	1	fleisch	fleisch	PROPN
ger-561	565	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	565	3	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	565	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	565	5	kotze	kotze	PROPN
ger-561	565	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	565	7	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	565	8	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	565	9	taylor	taylor	PROPN
ger-561	565	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	565	11	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	565	12	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	565	13	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	565	14	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	565	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	566	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ger-561	566	2	forms	form	NOUN
ger-561	566	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	566	4	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	566	5	grade	grade	NOUN
ger-561	566	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
ger-561	566	7	coaching	coaching	NOUN
ger-561	566	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	566	9	emerging	emerge	VERB
ger-561	566	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	566	11	from	from	ADP
ger-561	566	12	field	field	NOUN
ger-561	566	13	experiments	experiment	NOUN
ger-561	566	14	in	in	ADP
ger-561	566	15	south	south	PROPN
ger-561	566	16	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	566	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	567	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	567	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	567	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	567	4	educational	educational	ADJ
ger-561	567	5	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	567	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	568	1	66(4	66(4	NUM
ger-561	568	2	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	569	1	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	569	2	203	203	NUM
ger-561	569	3	-	-	SYM
ger-561	569	4	213	213	NUM
ger-561	569	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	570	1	krashen	krashen	ADV
ger-561	570	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	570	3	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	570	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	570	5	2002	2002	NUM
ger-561	570	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	570	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	571	1	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	571	2	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	571	3	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	571	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	571	5	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	571	6	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	571	7	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	571	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	572	1	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	572	2	internet	internet	NOUN
ger-561	572	3	edition	edition	NOUN
ger-561	572	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	573	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	573	2	from	from	ADP
ger-561	573	3	http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/sl_a	http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/sl_a	NOUN
ger-561	573	4	cquisition_and_learning.pdf	cquisition_and_learning.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	573	5	kumarasdyati	kumarasdyati	PROPN
ger-561	573	6	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	573	7	ramadhani	ramadhani	PROPN
ger-561	573	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	573	9	f.	f.	PROPN
ger-561	573	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	573	11	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	573	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	573	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	574	1	slips	slip	NOUN
ger-561	574	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	574	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	574	4	ear	ear	NOUN
ger-561	574	5	performed	perform	VERB
ger-561	574	6	by	by	ADP
ger-561	574	7	non	non	ADJ
ger-561	574	8	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	574	9	native	native	ADJ
ger-561	574	10	speakers	speaker	NOUN
ger-561	574	11	to	to	PART
ger-561	574	12	make	make	VERB
ger-561	574	13	sense	sense	NOUN
ger-561	574	14	of	of	ADP
ger-561	574	15	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	574	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	575	1	paper	paper	NOUN
ger-561	575	2	presented	present	VERB
ger-561	575	3	at	at	ADP
ger-561	575	4	seminar	seminar	NOUN
ger-561	575	5	nasional	nasional	ADJ
ger-561	575	6	ppm	ppm	NOUN
ger-561	575	7	unesa	unesa	NOUN
ger-561	575	8	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	575	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	576	1	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-ofthe-ear-due-to-phoneticknowledge_tbl1_332524265	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-ofthe-ear-due-to-phoneticknowledge_tbl1_332524265	NOUN
ger-561	576	2	https://www.brookings.edu/research/mobilization-of-tax-revenues-in-africa/	https://www.brookings.edu/research/mobilization-of-tax-revenues-in-africa/	PROPN
ger-561	576	3	https://www.brookings.edu/research/mobilization-of-tax-revenues-in-africa/	https://www.brookings.edu/research/mobilization-of-tax-revenues-in-africa/	PROPN
ger-561	576	4	http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/sl_acquisition_and_learning.pdf	http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/sl_acquisition_and_learning.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	576	5	http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/sl_acquisition_and_learning.pdf	http://www.sdkrashen.com/content/books/sl_acquisition_and_learning.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	576	6	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-of-the-ear-due-to-phonetic-knowledge_tbl1_332524265	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-of-the-ear-due-to-phonetic-knowledge_tbl1_332524265	NOUN
ger-561	576	7	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-of-the-ear-due-to-phonetic-knowledge_tbl1_332524265	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-of-the-ear-due-to-phonetic-knowledge_tbl1_332524265	NOUN
ger-561	576	8	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-of-the-ear-due-to-phonetic-knowledge_tbl1_332524265	https://www.researchgate.net/figure/slips-of-the-ear-due-to-phonetic-knowledge_tbl1_332524265	NOUN
ger-561	576	9	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	576	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	576	11	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	576	12	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	576	13	19	19	NUM
ger-561	576	14	lee	lee	PROPN
ger-561	576	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	576	16	e.w	e.w	PROPN
ger-561	576	17	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	576	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	576	19	1982	1982	NUM
ger-561	576	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	576	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	577	1	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	577	2	primers	primer	NOUN
ger-561	577	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	577	4	the	the	DET
ger-561	577	5	gudschinsky	gudschinsky	ADJ
ger-561	577	6	method	method	NOUN
ger-561	577	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	578	1	sil	sil	PROPN
ger-561	578	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	578	3	lee	lee	PROPN
ger-561	578	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	578	5	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	578	6	w.	w.	PROPN
ger-561	578	7	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	578	8	schallert	schallert	PROPN
ger-561	578	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	578	10	d.l	d.l	PROPN
ger-561	578	11	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	578	12	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	578	13	1997	1997	NUM
ger-561	578	14	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	578	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	579	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	579	2	relative	relative	ADJ
ger-561	579	3	contribution	contribution	NOUN
ger-561	579	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	579	5	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	579	6	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	579	7	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ger-561	579	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	579	9	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	579	10	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	579	11	ability	ability	NOUN
ger-561	579	12	to	to	PART
ger-561	579	13	l2	l2	VERB
ger-561	579	14	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	579	15	performance	performance	NOUN
ger-561	579	16	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	579	17	a	a	DET
ger-561	579	18	test	test	NOUN
ger-561	579	19	of	of	ADP
ger-561	579	20	the	the	DET
ger-561	579	21	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ger-561	579	22	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ger-561	579	23	in	in	ADP
ger-561	579	24	an	an	DET
ger-561	579	25	efl	efl	PROPN
ger-561	579	26	context	context	NOUN
ger-561	579	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	580	1	tesol	tesol	PROPN
ger-561	580	2	quarterly	quarterly	PROPN
ger-561	580	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	580	4	31	31	NUM
ger-561	580	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	580	6	715	715	NUM
ger-561	580	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	580	8	lems	lems	PROPN
ger-561	580	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	580	10	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	580	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	580	12	miller	miller	PROPN
ger-561	580	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	580	14	l.d	l.d	PROPN
ger-561	580	15	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	580	16	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	580	17	soro	soro	PROPN
ger-561	580	18	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	580	19	t.	t.	NOUN
ger-561	580	20	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	580	21	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	580	22	2017	2017	NUM
ger-561	580	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	580	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	581	1	building	build	VERB
ger-561	581	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	581	3	with	with	ADP
ger-561	581	4	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	581	5	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	581	6	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	581	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	581	8	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	581	9	edition	edition	NOUN
ger-561	581	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	581	11	insights	insight	NOUN
ger-561	581	12	from	from	ADP
ger-561	581	13	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ger-561	581	14	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	582	1	google	google	PROPN
ger-561	582	2	books	book	NOUN
ger-561	582	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	583	1	laufer	laufer	PROPN
ger-561	583	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	583	3	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	583	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	583	5	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	583	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	583	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	584	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	584	2	lexical	lexical	ADJ
ger-561	584	3	plight	plight	NOUN
ger-561	584	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	584	5	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	584	6	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	584	7	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	584	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	584	9	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	584	10	you	you	PRON
ger-561	584	11	do	do	AUX
ger-561	584	12	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	584	13	know	know	VERB
ger-561	584	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	584	15	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	584	16	you	you	PRON
ger-561	584	17	think	think	VERB
ger-561	584	18	you	you	PRON
ger-561	584	19	know	know	VERB
ger-561	584	20	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	584	21	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	584	22	words	word	NOUN
ger-561	584	23	you	you	PRON
ger-561	584	24	ca	can	AUX
ger-561	584	25	n’t	not	PART
ger-561	584	26	guess	guess	VERB
ger-561	584	27	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	585	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	585	2	coady	coady	PROPN
ger-561	585	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	585	4	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	585	5	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	585	6	huckin	huckin	PROPN
ger-561	585	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	585	8	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	585	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	585	10	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	585	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	585	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	585	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	585	14	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	585	15	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	585	16	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ger-561	585	17	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	585	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	585	19	pp.20	pp.20	PROPN
ger-561	585	20	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	585	21	34	34	NUM
ger-561	585	22	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	585	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	586	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ger-561	586	2	university	university	PROPN
ger-561	586	3	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	586	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	587	1	little	little	ADJ
ger-561	587	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	587	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	587	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	587	5	goullier	goullier	NOUN
ger-561	587	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	587	7	f.	f.	PROPN
ger-561	587	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	587	9	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	587	10	hughes	hughes	PROPN
ger-561	587	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	587	12	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	587	13	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	587	14	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	587	15	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	587	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	588	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	588	2	european	european	PROPN
ger-561	588	3	language	language	PROPN
ger-561	588	4	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
ger-561	588	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	588	6	the	the	DET
ger-561	588	7	story	story	NOUN
ger-561	588	8	so	so	ADV
ger-561	588	9	far	far	ADV
ger-561	588	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	588	11	1991	1991	NUM
ger-561	588	12	-	-	SYM
ger-561	588	13	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	588	14	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	588	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	589	1	strasbourg	strasbourg	PROPN
ger-561	589	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	589	3	france	france	PROPN
ger-561	589	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	589	5	council	council	PROPN
ger-561	589	6	of	of	ADP
ger-561	589	7	europe	europe	PROPN
ger-561	589	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	590	1	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg	PROPN
ger-561	590	2	//source	//source	AUX
ger-561	590	3	/	/	SYM
ger-561	590	4	publications?elp_storysofar_july20	publications?elp_storysofar_july20	PROPN
ger-561	590	5	11_final_en.pdf	11_final_en.pdf	NUM
ger-561	590	6	milligan	milligan	NOUN
ger-561	590	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	590	8	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	590	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	590	10	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	590	11	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	590	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	591	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	591	2	as	as	ADP
ger-561	591	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	591	4	medium	medium	NOUN
ger-561	591	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	591	6	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	591	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	591	8	postcolonial	postcolonial	ADJ
ger-561	591	9	contexts	contexts	NOUN
ger-561	591	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	591	11	moving	move	VERB
ger-561	591	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	591	13	debate	debate	NOUN
ger-561	591	14	forward	forward	ADV
ger-561	591	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	592	1	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ger-561	592	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	592	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	592	4	52(3	52(3	NOUN
ger-561	592	5	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	592	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	592	7	277	277	NUM
ger-561	592	8	-	-	SYM
ger-561	592	9	280	280	NUM
ger-561	592	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	592	11	muthwii	muthwii	NOUN
ger-561	592	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	592	13	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	592	14	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	592	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	592	16	2002	2002	NUM
ger-561	592	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	592	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	593	1	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	593	2	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	593	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	593	4	practices	practice	NOUN
ger-561	593	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	593	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	593	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	593	8	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	593	9	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	593	10	uganda	uganda	PROPN
ger-561	593	11	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	593	12	perceptions	perception	NOUN
ger-561	593	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	593	14	parents	parent	NOUN
ger-561	593	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	593	16	pupils	pupil	NOUN
ger-561	593	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	593	18	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	593	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	593	20	on	on	ADP
ger-561	593	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	593	22	use	use	NOUN
ger-561	593	23	of	of	ADP
ger-561	593	24	mother	mother	NOUN
ger-561	593	25	tongue	tongue	PROPN
ger-561	593	26	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	593	27	kiswahili	kiswahili	PROPN
ger-561	593	28	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	593	29	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	593	30	in	in	ADP
ger-561	593	31	primary	primary	ADJ
ger-561	593	32	schools	school	NOUN
ger-561	593	33	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	594	1	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
ger-561	594	2	publishers	publisher	NOUN
ger-561	594	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	595	1	national	national	ADJ
ger-561	595	2	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
ger-561	595	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	595	4	integration	integration	NOUN
ger-561	595	5	commission	commission	NOUN
ger-561	595	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	596	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	596	2	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	596	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	596	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	597	1	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ger-561	597	2	audit	audit	NOUN
ger-561	597	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	597	4	parastatals	parastatal	NOUN
ger-561	597	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	598	1	nairobi	nairobi	PROPN
ger-561	598	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	598	3	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ger-561	598	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	598	5	ncic	ncic	PROPN
ger-561	598	6	publication	publication	NOUN
ger-561	598	7	no	no	INTJ
ger-561	598	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	599	1	2/2016	2/2016	NUM
ger-561	599	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	600	1	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethni	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethni	PROPN
ger-561	600	2	c_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016	c_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016	PROPN
ger-561	600	3	.pdf	.pdf	PUNCT
ger-561	600	4	nurse	nurse	PROPN
ger-561	600	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	600	6	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	600	7	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	600	8	philippson	philippson	PROPN
ger-561	600	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	600	10	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	600	11	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	600	12	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	600	13	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	600	14	identifying	identify	VERB
ger-561	600	15	the	the	DET
ger-561	600	16	bantu	bantu	NOUN
ger-561	600	17	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	600	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	601	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	601	2	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	601	3	nurse	nurse	PROPN
ger-561	601	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	601	5	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	601	6	philippson	philippson	PROPN
ger-561	601	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	601	8	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	601	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	601	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	601	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	601	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	601	13	bantu	bantu	PROPN
ger-561	601	14	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	601	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	601	16	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	601	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	602	1	1	1	NUM
ger-561	602	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	602	3	12	12	NUM
ger-561	602	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	602	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	603	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ger-561	603	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	604	1	mwangi	mwangi	PROPN
ger-561	604	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	604	3	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	604	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	604	5	ndungu	ndungu	PROPN
ger-561	604	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	604	7	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	604	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	604	9	njoroge	njoroge	NOUN
ger-561	604	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	604	11	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	604	12	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	604	13	orwenjo	orwenjo	PROPN
ger-561	604	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	604	15	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	604	16	o.	o.	PROPN
ger-561	604	17	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	604	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	604	19	2014	2014	NUM
ger-561	604	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	604	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	605	1	multilingualism	multilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	605	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	605	3	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	605	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	605	5	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	605	6	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	605	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	605	8	state	state	NOUN
ger-561	605	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	605	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	605	11	state	state	NOUN
ger-561	605	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	605	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	605	14	art	art	NOUN
ger-561	605	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	606	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ger-561	606	2	scholars	scholars	PROPN
ger-561	606	3	press	press	PROPN
ger-561	606	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	607	1	payne	payne	PROPN
ger-561	607	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	607	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	607	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	607	5	2008	2008	NUM
ger-561	607	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	607	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	608	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	608	2	sounds	sound	NOUN
ger-561	608	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	608	4	maa	maa	PROPN
ger-561	608	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	609	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	609	2	maasai	maasai	PROPN
ger-561	609	3	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	609	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	610	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	610	2	september	september	PROPN
ger-561	610	3	1	1	NUM
ger-561	610	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	610	5	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	610	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	610	7	from	from	ADP
ger-561	610	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	611	1	https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai/maa%2	https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai/maa%2	PROPN
ger-561	611	2	0language	0language	NUM
ger-561	611	3	/	/	SYM
ger-561	611	4	maphon.htm	maphon.htm	X
ger-561	611	5	payne	payne	PROPN
ger-561	611	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	611	7	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	611	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	611	9	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	611	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	611	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	612	1	phonological	phonological	ADJ
ger-561	612	2	variation	variation	NOUN
ger-561	612	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	612	4	maa	maa	PROPN
ger-561	612	5	varieties	variety	NOUN
ger-561	612	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	613	1	occasional	occasional	ADJ
ger-561	613	2	papers	paper	NOUN
ger-561	613	3	in	in	ADP
ger-561	613	4	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ger-561	613	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	613	6	4	4	NUM
ger-561	613	7	.	.	X
ger-561	614	1	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	614	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	614	3	dar	dar	PROPN
ger-561	614	4	es	es	PROPN
ger-561	614	5	salaam	salaam	PROPN
ger-561	614	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	615	1	pazzack	pazzack	NOUN
ger-561	615	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	615	3	a.	a.	NOUN
ger-561	615	4	p.	p.	NOUN
ger-561	615	5	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	615	6	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	615	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	615	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	616	1	dagbani	dagbani	PROPN
ger-561	616	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	616	3	an	an	DET
ger-561	616	4	introductory	introductory	ADJ
ger-561	616	5	course	course	NOUN
ger-561	616	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	616	7	beginners	beginner	NOUN
ger-561	616	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	617	1	pedaddo	pedaddo	NOUN
ger-561	617	2	ventures	venture	NOUN
ger-561	617	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	618	1	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
ger-561	618	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	618	3	their	their	PRON
ger-561	618	4	role	role	NOUN
ger-561	618	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	618	6	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN
ger-561	618	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	619	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	619	2	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	619	3	well	well	ADV
ger-561	619	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	620	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	620	2	august	august	PROPN
ger-561	620	3	15	15	NUM
ger-561	620	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	620	5	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	620	6	from	from	ADP
ger-561	620	7	https://www.dyslexia-reading-well.com/	https://www.dyslexia-reading-well.com/	PROPN
ger-561	620	8	piper	piper	NOUN
ger-561	620	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	620	10	b	b	PROPN
ger-561	620	11	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	620	12	kim	kim	PROPN
ger-561	620	13	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	620	14	y.	y.	PROPN
ger-561	620	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	620	16	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	620	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	620	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	621	1	crosslanguage	crosslanguage	NOUN
ger-561	621	2	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ger-561	621	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	621	4	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	621	5	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	621	6	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	621	7	an	an	DET
ger-561	621	8	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ger-561	621	9	investigation	investigation	NOUN
ger-561	621	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	621	11	bidirectionality	bidirectionality	NOUN
ger-561	621	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	621	13	the	the	DET
ger-561	621	14	influence	influence	NOUN
ger-561	621	15	of	of	ADP
ger-561	621	16	instructional	instructional	ADJ
ger-561	621	17	environments	environment	NOUN
ger-561	621	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	622	1	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	622	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	622	3	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	622	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	623	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	623	2	from	from	ADP
ger-561	623	3	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-018-9889-7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-018-9889-7	PROPN
ger-561	623	4	probert	probert	PROPN
ger-561	623	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	623	6	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	623	7	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	623	8	de	de	PROPN
ger-561	623	9	vos	vos	PROPN
ger-561	623	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	623	11	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	623	12	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	623	13	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	623	14	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	623	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	624	1	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	624	2	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ger-561	624	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	624	4	amongst	amongst	ADP
ger-561	624	5	isixhosa	isixhosa	PROPN
ger-561	624	6	/	/	SYM
ger-561	624	7	english	english	ADJ
ger-561	624	8	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	624	9	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	624	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	624	11	the	the	DET
ger-561	624	12	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ger-561	624	13	of	of	ADP
ger-561	624	14	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	624	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	624	16	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	624	17	of	of	ADP
ger-561	624	18	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	624	19	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	624	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	624	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	625	1	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	625	2	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	625	3	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	625	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	625	5	7(1	7(1	NUM
ger-561	625	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	625	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	626	1	10	10	NUM
ger-561	626	2	pgs	pgs	NOUN
ger-561	626	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	627	1	qorro	qorro	PROPN
ger-561	627	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	627	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	627	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	627	5	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	627	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	627	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	628	1	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	628	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	628	3	dar	dar	PROPN
ger-561	628	4	es	es	PROPN
ger-561	628	5	salaam	salaam	PROPN
ger-561	628	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	629	1	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	629	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	629	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	629	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	629	5	tanzania	tanzania	PROPN
ger-561	629	6	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	629	7	why	why	SCONJ
ger-561	629	8	are	be	AUX
ger-561	629	9	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	629	10	findings	finding	NOUN
ger-561	629	11	not	not	PART
ger-561	629	12	heeded	heed	VERB
ger-561	629	13	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	630	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	630	2	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	630	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	630	4	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	630	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	631	1	randall	randall	PROPN
ger-561	631	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	631	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	631	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	631	5	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	631	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	631	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	632	1	orthographic	orthographic	ADJ
ger-561	632	2	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ger-561	632	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	632	4	first	first	ADJ
ger-561	632	5	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	632	6	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	632	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	632	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	632	9	from	from	ADP
ger-561	632	10	single	single	ADJ
ger-561	632	11	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	632	12	dictation	dictation	NOUN
ger-561	632	13	from	from	ADP
ger-561	632	14	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ger-561	632	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	632	16	malaysian	malaysian	ADJ
ger-561	632	17	users	user	NOUN
ger-561	632	18	of	of	ADP
ger-561	632	19	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	632	20	as	as	ADP
ger-561	632	21	a	a	DET
ger-561	632	22	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ger-561	632	23	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	632	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	633	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	633	2	v.	v.	ADP
ger-561	633	3	cook	cook	PROPN
ger-561	633	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	633	5	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	633	6	bassetti	bassetti	PROPN
ger-561	633	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	633	8	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	633	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	633	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	633	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	633	12	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	633	13	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	633	14	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	633	15	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	633	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	633	17	pp.122	pp.122	PROPN
ger-561	633	18	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	633	19	146	146	NUM
ger-561	633	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	633	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	634	1	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
ger-561	634	2	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
ger-561	634	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	635	1	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg/source/publications?elp_storysofar_july2011_final_en.pdf	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg/source/publications?elp_storysofar_july2011_final_en.pdf	NOUN
ger-561	635	2	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg/source/publications?elp_storysofar_july2011_final_en.pdf	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg/source/publications?elp_storysofar_july2011_final_en.pdf	NOUN
ger-561	635	3	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg/source/publications?elp_storysofar_july2011_final_en.pdf	http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/elp/elpreg/source/publications?elp_storysofar_july2011_final_en.pdf	NOUN
ger-561	635	4	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethnic_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016.pdf	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethnic_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016.pdf	X
ger-561	635	5	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethnic_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016.pdf	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethnic_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016.pdf	X
ger-561	635	6	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethnic_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016.pdf	https://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/docs/ethnic_and_diversity_audit_of_commissions_2016.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	636	1	https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai/maa%20language/maphon.htm	https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai/maa%20language/maphon.htm	X
ger-561	636	2	https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai/maa%20language/maphon.htm	https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai/maa%20language/maphon.htm	PROPN
ger-561	636	3	https://www.dyslexia-reading-well.com/	https://www.dyslexia-reading-well.com/	PROPN
ger-561	636	4	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-018-9889-7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-018-9889-7	PROPN
ger-561	636	5	20	20	NUM
ger-561	636	6	global	global	ADJ
ger-561	636	7	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	636	8	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	636	9	7	7	NUM
ger-561	636	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	636	11	3	3	NUM
ger-561	636	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	636	13	rixon	rixon	ADJ
ger-561	636	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	636	15	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	636	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	636	17	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	636	18	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	636	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	637	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
ger-561	637	2	abc	abc	PROPN
ger-561	637	3	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	637	4	investigating	investigate	VERB
ger-561	637	5	current	current	ADJ
ger-561	637	6	rationales	rationale	NOUN
ger-561	637	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	637	8	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	637	9	for	for	ADP
ger-561	637	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	637	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	637	12	of	of	ADP
ger-561	637	13	early	early	ADJ
ger-561	637	14	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	637	15	to	to	ADP
ger-561	637	16	young	young	ADJ
ger-561	637	17	learners	learner	NOUN
ger-561	637	18	of	of	ADP
ger-561	637	19	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	637	20	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	638	1	university	university	PROPN
ger-561	638	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	638	3	warwick	warwick	PROPN
ger-561	638	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	638	5	centre	centre	NOUN
ger-561	638	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	638	7	applied	applied	ADJ
ger-561	638	8	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ger-561	638	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	639	1	ruddell	ruddell	PROPN
ger-561	639	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	639	3	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	639	4	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	639	5	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	639	6	unrau	unrau	PROPN
ger-561	639	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	639	8	n.j	n.j	PROPN
ger-561	639	9	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	639	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	639	11	1994	1994	NUM
ger-561	639	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	639	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	640	1	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	640	2	as	as	ADP
ger-561	640	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	640	4	meaning	meaning	ADJ
ger-561	640	5	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	640	6	construction	construction	NOUN
ger-561	640	7	process	process	NOUN
ger-561	640	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	640	9	the	the	DET
ger-561	640	10	reader	reader	NOUN
ger-561	640	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	640	12	the	the	DET
ger-561	640	13	text	text	NOUN
ger-561	640	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	640	15	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	640	16	the	the	DET
ger-561	640	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ger-561	640	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	641	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	641	2	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	641	3	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	641	4	ruddell	ruddell	PROPN
ger-561	641	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	641	6	m.	m.	PROPN
ger-561	641	7	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	641	8	ruddell	ruddell	PROPN
ger-561	641	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	641	10	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	641	11	h.	h.	PROPN
ger-561	641	12	singer	singer	PROPN
ger-561	641	13	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	641	14	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	641	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	641	16	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	641	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	641	18	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ger-561	641	19	models	model	NOUN
ger-561	641	20	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	641	21	processes	process	NOUN
ger-561	641	22	of	of	ADP
ger-561	641	23	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	641	24	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	641	25	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	641	26	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	642	1	996	996	NUM
ger-561	642	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	642	3	1056	1056	NUM
ger-561	642	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	642	5	newark	newark	PROPN
ger-561	642	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	642	7	de	de	PROPN
ger-561	642	8	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	642	9	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	642	10	reading	reading	PROPN
ger-561	642	11	association	association	PROPN
ger-561	642	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	643	1	scholfield	scholfield	PROPN
ger-561	643	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	643	3	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	643	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	643	5	chwo	chwo	PROPN
ger-561	643	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	643	7	g.	g.	PROPN
ger-561	643	8	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	643	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	643	10	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	643	11	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	643	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	644	1	are	be	AUX
ger-561	644	2	the	the	DET
ger-561	644	3	l1	l1	PROPN
ger-561	644	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	644	5	l2	l2	NOUN
ger-561	644	6	word	word	NOUN
ger-561	644	7	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	644	8	processes	process	NOUN
ger-561	644	9	affected	affect	VERB
ger-561	644	10	by	by	ADP
ger-561	644	11	more	more	ADJ
ger-561	644	12	by	by	ADP
ger-561	644	13	writing	write	VERB
ger-561	644	14	system	system	NOUN
ger-561	644	15	or	or	CCONJ
ger-561	644	16	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	644	17	?	?	PUNCT
ger-561	645	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	645	2	v.	v.	ADP
ger-561	645	3	cook	cook	NOUN
ger-561	645	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	645	5	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	645	6	bassetti	bassetti	PROPN
ger-561	645	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	645	8	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	645	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	645	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	645	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	645	12	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	645	13	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	645	14	writing	writing	NOUN
ger-561	645	15	systems	system	NOUN
ger-561	645	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	645	17	pp.215	pp.215	PROPN
ger-561	645	18	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	645	19	237	237	NUM
ger-561	645	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	645	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	646	1	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
ger-561	646	2	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
ger-561	646	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	647	1	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	647	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	647	3	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	647	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	647	5	2007	2007	NUM
ger-561	647	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	647	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	648	1	promoting	promote	VERB
ger-561	648	2	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
ger-561	648	3	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	648	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	648	5	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	648	6	from	from	ADP
ger-561	648	7	minority	minority	NOUN
ger-561	648	8	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	648	9	groups	group	NOUN
ger-561	648	10	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	648	11	a	a	DET
ger-561	648	12	mother	mother	NOUN
ger-561	648	13	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	648	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
ger-561	648	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	648	16	for	for	ADP
ger-561	648	17	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	648	18	arts	art	NOUN
ger-561	648	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	649	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	649	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	649	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	649	4	learning	learning	PROPN
ger-561	649	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	649	6	14(7	14(7	NUM
ger-561	649	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	649	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	649	9	179	179	NUM
ger-561	649	10	-	-	SYM
ger-561	649	11	188	188	NUM
ger-561	649	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	650	1	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	650	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	650	3	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	650	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	650	5	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	650	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	650	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	651	1	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	651	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	651	3	assessing	assess	VERB
ger-561	651	4	independent	independent	ADJ
ger-561	651	5	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	651	6	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	651	7	in	in	ADP
ger-561	651	8	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	651	9	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	651	10	countries	country	NOUN
ger-561	651	11	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	651	12	not	not	PART
ger-561	651	13	as	as	ADV
ger-561	651	14	simple	simple	ADJ
ger-561	651	15	as	as	ADP
ger-561	651	16	abc	abc	PROPN
ger-561	651	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	652	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	652	2	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	652	3	benson	benson	PROPN
ger-561	652	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	652	5	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	652	6	kosonen	kosonen	PROPN
ger-561	652	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	652	8	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	652	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	652	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	652	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	652	12	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	652	13	issues	issue	NOUN
ger-561	652	14	in	in	ADP
ger-561	652	15	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ger-561	652	16	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	652	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	652	18	pps	pps	PROPN
ger-561	652	19	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	652	20	245	245	NUM
ger-561	652	21	-	-	SYM
ger-561	652	22	264	264	NUM
ger-561	652	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	652	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	653	1	sense	sense	NOUN
ger-561	653	2	publishers	publisher	NOUN
ger-561	653	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	654	1	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	654	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	654	3	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	654	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	654	5	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	654	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	654	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	655	1	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	655	2	transitional	transitional	ADJ
ger-561	655	3	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	655	4	book	book	NOUN
ger-561	655	5	1	1	NUM
ger-561	655	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	655	7	first	first	PROPN
ger-561	655	8	edition	edition	PROPN
ger-561	655	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	656	1	sil	sil	PROPN
ger-561	656	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	657	1	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	657	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	657	3	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	657	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	657	5	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	657	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	657	7	h.	h.	PROPN
ger-561	657	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	657	9	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	657	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	657	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	658	1	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	658	2	in	in	ADP
ger-561	658	3	a	a	DET
ger-561	658	4	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
ger-561	658	5	changing	change	VERB
ger-561	658	6	world	world	NOUN
ger-561	658	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	658	8	negotiated	negotiate	VERB
ger-561	658	9	compromises	compromise	NOUN
ger-561	658	10	between	between	ADP
ger-561	658	11	several	several	ADJ
ger-561	658	12	parties	party	NOUN
ger-561	658	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	659	1	college	college	NOUN
ger-561	659	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	659	3	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ger-561	659	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	659	5	social	social	ADJ
ger-561	659	6	sciences	science	NOUN
ger-561	659	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	659	8	chss	chss	NOUN
ger-561	659	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	659	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	660	1	sil	sil	PROPN
ger-561	660	2	international	international	PROPN
ger-561	660	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	660	4	university	university	PROPN
ger-561	660	5	of	of	ADP
ger-561	660	6	nairobi	nairobi	PROPN
ger-561	660	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	661	1	http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/96	http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/96	PROPN
ger-561	661	2	108?show	108?show	NUM
ger-561	661	3	=	=	SYM
ger-561	661	4	full	full	ADJ
ger-561	661	5	;	;	PUNCT
ger-561	661	6	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthog	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthog	X
ger-561	661	7	raphies_in_a_rapidly_changing_wo	raphies_in_a_rapidly_changing_wo	VERB
ger-561	661	8	rld_negotiated_compromises_betwe	rld_negotiated_compromises_betwe	PROPN
ger-561	661	9	en_several_parties_1	en_several_parties_1	PROPN
ger-561	661	10	seymour	seymour	ADJ
ger-561	661	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	661	12	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	661	13	h.	h.	PROPN
ger-561	661	14	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	661	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	661	16	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	661	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	661	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	662	1	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ger-561	662	2	framework	framework	NOUN
ger-561	662	3	for	for	ADP
ger-561	662	4	beginning	begin	VERB
ger-561	662	5	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	662	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	662	7	different	different	ADJ
ger-561	662	8	orthographies	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	662	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	663	1	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ger-561	663	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	663	3	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	663	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	663	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	663	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	663	7	pp.441	pp.441	NOUN
ger-561	663	8	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	663	9	480	480	NUM
ger-561	663	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	663	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	664	1	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
ger-561	664	2	erlbaum	erlbaum	PROPN
ger-561	664	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	664	4	associates	associate	NOUN
ger-561	664	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	665	1	skutnabb	skutnabb	PROPN
ger-561	665	2	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	665	3	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	665	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	665	5	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	665	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	665	7	1995	1995	NUM
ger-561	665	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	665	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	666	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ger-561	666	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	667	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	667	2	skutnabb	skutnabb	NOUN
ger-561	667	3	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	667	4	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	667	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	667	6	tove	tove	NOUN
ger-561	667	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	667	8	ed	ed	NOUN
ger-561	667	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	667	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	667	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	668	1	multilingualism	multilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	668	2	for	for	ADP
ger-561	668	3	all	all	PRON
ger-561	668	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	668	5	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	668	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	669	1	7	7	NUM
ger-561	669	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	669	3	20	20	NUM
ger-561	669	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	669	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	670	1	swets	swet	NOUN
ger-561	670	2	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	670	3	zeitlinger	zeitlinger	PROPN
ger-561	670	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	671	1	smith	smith	PROPN
ger-561	671	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	671	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	671	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	671	5	stone	stone	NOUN
ger-561	671	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	671	7	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	671	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	671	9	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	671	10	comings	coming	NOUN
ger-561	671	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	671	12	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	671	13	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	671	14	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	671	15	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	671	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	672	1	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	672	2	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	672	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	672	4	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	672	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	672	6	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
ger-561	672	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	672	8	building	build	VERB
ger-561	672	9	on	on	ADP
ger-561	672	10	the	the	DET
ger-561	672	11	tell	tell	PROPN
ger-561	672	12	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	672	13	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	672	14	egra	egra	ADJ
ger-561	672	15	results	result	NOUN
ger-561	672	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	673	1	field	field	NOUN
ger-561	673	2	study	study	NOUN
ger-561	673	3	report	report	NOUN
ger-561	673	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	674	1	amherst	amherst	PROPN
ger-561	674	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	674	3	ma	ma	PROPN
ger-561	674	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	674	5	center	center	NOUN
ger-561	674	6	for	for	ADP
ger-561	674	7	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	674	8	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	674	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	675	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ger-561	675	2	from	from	ADP
ger-561	675	3	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloa	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloa	PROPN
ger-561	675	4	ds	ds	ADJ
ger-561	675	5	/	/	SYM
ger-561	675	6	report	report	NOUN
ger-561	675	7	/	/	SYM
ger-561	675	8	tell_field_study__literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0	tell_field_study__literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0	PROPN
ger-561	675	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	675	10	pdf	pdf	NOUN
ger-561	675	11	taaliu	taaliu	PROPN
ger-561	675	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	675	13	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	675	14	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	675	15	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	675	16	2017	2017	NUM
ger-561	675	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	675	18	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ger-561	675	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	675	20	kenyan	kenyan	ADJ
ger-561	675	21	universities	university	NOUN
ger-561	675	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	676	1	open	open	ADJ
ger-561	676	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ger-561	676	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	676	4	leadership	leadership	NOUN
ger-561	676	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	676	6	6	6	NUM
ger-561	676	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	676	8	2133	2133	NUM
ger-561	676	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	677	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ger-561	677	2	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	677	3	10.4236	10.4236	NUM
ger-561	677	4	/	/	SYM
ger-561	677	5	ojl.2017.62002	ojl.2017.62002	NOUN
ger-561	677	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	678	1	https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformatio	https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformatio	X
ger-561	678	2	n.aspx?paperid=76754	n.aspx?paperid=76754	PROPN
ger-561	678	3	taylor	taylor	PROPN
ger-561	678	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	678	5	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	678	6	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	678	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	678	8	2010	2010	NUM
ger-561	678	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	678	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	679	1	mle	mle	PROPN
ger-561	679	2	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	679	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	679	4	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	679	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	679	6	nepal	nepal	ADJ
ger-561	679	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	680	1	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	680	2	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	680	3	works	work	NOUN
ger-561	680	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	680	5	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	680	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	681	1	204	204	NUM
ger-561	681	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	681	3	223	223	NUM
ger-561	681	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	681	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	682	1	hyderabad	hyderabad	PROPN
ger-561	682	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	682	3	india	india	PROPN
ger-561	682	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	682	5	orient	orient	PROPN
ger-561	682	6	blackswan	blackswan	PROPN
ger-561	682	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	682	8	ltd	ltd	PROPN
ger-561	682	9	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	682	10	toukomaa	toukomaa	PROPN
ger-561	682	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	682	12	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	682	13	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	682	14	skutnab	skutnab	PROPN
ger-561	682	15	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	682	16	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	682	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	682	18	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	682	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	682	20	1977	1977	NUM
ger-561	682	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	682	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	683	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	683	2	intensive	intensive	ADJ
ger-561	683	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	683	4	of	of	ADP
ger-561	683	5	the	the	DET
ger-561	683	6	mother	mother	NOUN
ger-561	683	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
ger-561	683	8	to	to	ADP
ger-561	683	9	migrant	migrant	ADJ
ger-561	683	10	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	683	11	at	at	ADP
ger-561	683	12	pre	pre	ADJ
ger-561	683	13	-	-	ADJ
ger-561	683	14	school	school	ADJ
ger-561	683	15	age	age	NOUN
ger-561	683	16	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	683	17	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	683	18	report	report	NOUN
ger-561	683	19	no	no	INTJ
ger-561	683	20	.	.	NOUN
ger-561	683	21	26	26	NUM
ger-561	683	22	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	683	23	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	684	1	department	department	NOUN
ger-561	684	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	684	3	sociology	sociology	NOUN
ger-561	684	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	684	5	social	social	ADJ
ger-561	684	6	psychology	psychology	NOUN
ger-561	684	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	684	8	university	university	NOUN
ger-561	684	9	of	of	ADP
ger-561	684	10	tampere	tampere	PROPN
ger-561	684	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	685	1	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3190	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3190	ADJ
ger-561	685	2	18542_tove_skutnabb	18542_tove_skutnabb	NUM
ger-561	685	3	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	685	4	kangas	kangas	NOUN
ger-561	685	5	trudell	trudell	PROPN
ger-561	685	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	685	7	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	685	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	685	9	2016	2016	NUM
ger-561	685	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	685	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	686	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	686	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	686	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	686	4	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	686	5	policy	policy	NOUN
ger-561	686	6	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	686	7	practice	practice	NOUN
ger-561	686	8	on	on	ADP
ger-561	686	9	children	child	NOUN
ger-561	686	10	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	686	11	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	686	12	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	686	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	686	14	from	from	ADP
ger-561	686	15	eastern	eastern	ADJ
ger-561	686	16	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	686	17	southern	southern	PROPN
ger-561	686	18	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	686	19	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	687	1	unicef	unicef	PROPN
ger-561	687	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	688	1	https://www.unicef.org/esa/reports/languageand-childrens-learning	https://www.unicef.org/esa/reports/languageand-childrens-learne	VERB
ger-561	688	2	trudell	trudell	PROPN
ger-561	688	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	688	4	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	688	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	688	6	schroeder	schroeder	PROPN
ger-561	688	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	688	8	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	688	9	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	688	10	mercado	mercado	PROPN
ger-561	688	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	688	12	m.	m.	NOUN
ger-561	688	13	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	688	14	in	in	ADP
ger-561	688	15	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	688	16	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	688	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	689	1	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	689	2	in	in	ADP
ger-561	689	3	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	689	4	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	689	5	in	in	ADP
ger-561	689	6	http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/96108?show=full	http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/96108?show=full	NOUN
ger-561	689	7	http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/96108?show=full	http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/96108?show=full	NOUN
ger-561	689	8	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	NOUN
ger-561	689	9	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	PROPN
ger-561	689	10	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	PROPN
ger-561	689	11	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	http://www.academia.edu/25553742/orthographies_in_a_rapidly_changing_world_negotiated_compromises_between_several_parties_1	PROPN
ger-561	689	12	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	INTJ
ger-561	689	13	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	ADJ
ger-561	689	14	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	ADJ
ger-561	689	15	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	https://www.air.org/sites/default/files/downloads/report/tell_field_study_-_literacy_policy_and_practice_in_ethiopia_0.pdf	ADJ
ger-561	689	16	https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=76754	https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=76754	PROPN
ger-561	689	17	https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=76754	https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=76754	PROPN
ger-561	689	18	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319018542_tove_skutnabb-kangas	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319018542_tove_skutnabb-kangas	NOUN
ger-561	689	19	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319018542_tove_skutnabb-kangas	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319018542_tove_skutnabb-kangas	NOUN
ger-561	689	20	https://www.unicef.org/esa/reports/language-and-childrens-learning	https://www.unicef.org/esa/reports/language-and-childrens-learne	VERB
ger-561	689	21	https://www.unicef.org/esa/reports/language-and-childrens-learning	https://www.unicef.org/esa/reports/language-and-childrens-learne	VERB
ger-561	689	22	narrowing	narrow	VERB
ger-561	689	23	the	the	DET
ger-561	689	24	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	689	25	gap	gap	NOUN
ger-561	689	26	21	21	NUM
ger-561	689	27	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	689	28	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	689	29	assessing	assess	VERB
ger-561	689	30	the	the	DET
ger-561	689	31	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ger-561	689	32	of	of	ADP
ger-561	689	33	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	689	34	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	689	35	programming	programming	NOUN
ger-561	689	36	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	690	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	690	2	e.	e.	PROPN
ger-561	690	3	erling	erling	PROPN
ger-561	690	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	690	5	ed	ed	NOUN
ger-561	690	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	690	7	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	690	8	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	690	9	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	690	10	in	in	ADP
ger-561	690	11	subsaharan	subsaharan	PROPN
ger-561	690	12	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	690	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	691	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ger-561	691	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	691	3	uk	uk	PROPN
ger-561	691	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	691	5	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ger-561	691	6	press	press	PROPN
ger-561	691	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	692	1	trudell	trudell	PROPN
ger-561	692	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	692	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	692	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	692	5	cheffy	cheffy	PROPN
ger-561	692	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	692	7	i.	i.	PROPN
ger-561	692	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	692	9	2017	2017	NUM
ger-561	692	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	692	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	693	1	we	we	PRON
ger-561	693	2	also	also	ADV
ger-561	693	3	wanted	want	VERB
ger-561	693	4	to	to	PART
ger-561	693	5	learn	learn	VERB
ger-561	693	6	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	693	7	narratives	narrative	NOUN
ger-561	693	8	of	of	ADP
ger-561	693	9	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	693	10	from	from	ADP
ger-561	693	11	adults	adult	NOUN
ger-561	693	12	literate	literate	ADJ
ger-561	693	13	in	in	ADP
ger-561	693	14	african	african	ADJ
ger-561	693	15	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	693	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	694	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	694	2	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	694	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	694	4	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	694	5	63	63	NUM
ger-561	694	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	694	7	745–766	745–766	NUM
ger-561	694	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	695	1	tyner	tyner	PROPN
ger-561	695	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	695	3	b.	b.	PROPN
ger-561	695	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	695	5	2012	2012	NUM
ger-561	695	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	695	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	696	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	696	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	696	3	jigsaw	jigsaw	NOUN
ger-561	696	4	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN
ger-561	696	5	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	696	6	assembling	assemble	VERB
ger-561	696	7	the	the	DET
ger-561	696	8	critical	critical	ADJ
ger-561	696	9	pieces	piece	NOUN
ger-561	696	10	of	of	ADP
ger-561	696	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	696	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ger-561	696	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	697	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	697	2	reading	reading	PROPN
ger-561	697	3	association	association	PROPN
ger-561	697	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	698	1	usaid	usaid	PROPN
ger-561	698	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	699	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	699	2	2018	2018	NUM
ger-561	699	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	699	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	700	1	us	we	PRON
ger-561	700	2	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	701	1	government	government	NOUN
ger-561	701	2	strategy	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	701	3	on	on	ADP
ger-561	701	4	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	701	5	basic	basic	ADJ
ger-561	701	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	701	7	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	701	8	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
ger-561	701	9	years	year	NOUN
ger-561	701	10	2013	2013	NUM
ger-561	701	11	-	-	SYM
ger-561	701	12	2019	2019	NUM
ger-561	701	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	702	1	https://www.edulinks.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usgeducation-strategy_fy20192023_final_web.pdf	https://www.edulinks.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usgeducation-strategy_fy20192023_final_web.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	702	2	van	van	PROPN
ger-561	702	3	berkel	berkel	PROPN
ger-561	702	4	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	702	5	a.	a.	NOUN
ger-561	702	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	702	7	2004	2004	NUM
ger-561	702	8	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	702	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	703	1	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	703	2	to	to	PART
ger-561	703	3	spell	spell	VERB
ger-561	703	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	703	5	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	703	6	as	as	ADP
ger-561	703	7	a	a	DET
ger-561	703	8	second	second	ADJ
ger-561	703	9	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	703	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	704	1	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	704	2	review	review	NOUN
ger-561	704	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	704	4	applied	apply	VERB
ger-561	704	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ger-561	704	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	704	7	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	704	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ger-561	704	9	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	704	10	42(3	42(3	NUM
ger-561	704	11	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	704	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	704	13	239	239	NUM
ger-561	704	14	-	-	SYM
ger-561	704	15	257	257	NUM
ger-561	704	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	705	1	venezky	venezky	PROPN
ger-561	705	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	705	3	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	705	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	705	5	2006	2006	NUM
ger-561	705	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	705	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	706	1	foundations	foundation	NOUN
ger-561	706	2	for	for	ADP
ger-561	706	3	studying	study	VERB
ger-561	706	4	basic	basic	ADJ
ger-561	706	5	processes	process	NOUN
ger-561	706	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	706	7	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	706	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	707	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	707	2	r.m	r.m	PROPN
ger-561	707	3	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	707	4	joshi	joshi	PROPN
ger-561	707	5	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	707	6	p.	p.	PROPN
ger-561	707	7	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	707	8	aaron	aaron	PROPN
ger-561	707	9	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	707	10	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	707	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	707	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	708	1	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ger-561	708	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	708	3	orthography	orthography	NOUN
ger-561	708	4	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	708	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	708	6	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	708	7	pp	pp	ADJ
ger-561	708	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	709	1	735	735	NUM
ger-561	709	2	-	-	SYM
ger-561	709	3	758	758	NUM
ger-561	709	4	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	709	5	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	710	1	mahwah	mahwah	PROPN
ger-561	710	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	710	3	nj	nj	PROPN
ger-561	710	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	710	5	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ger-561	710	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	710	7	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	710	8	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	710	9	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	710	10	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	710	11	2003	2003	NUM
ger-561	710	12	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	710	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	711	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	711	2	eritrean	eritrean	ADJ
ger-561	711	3	english	english	PROPN
ger-561	711	4	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
ger-561	711	5	grades	grade	VERB
ger-561	711	6	2	2	NUM
ger-561	711	7	-	-	SYM
ger-561	711	8	6	6	NUM
ger-561	711	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	711	10	assessing	assess	VERB
ger-561	711	11	academic	academic	ADJ
ger-561	711	12	readiness	readiness	NOUN
ger-561	711	13	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	712	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	712	2	master	master	NOUN
ger-561	712	3	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	712	4	degree	degree	NOUN
ger-561	712	5	thesis	thesis	NOUN
ger-561	712	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	712	7	gial	gial	ADJ
ger-561	712	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	712	9	graduate	graduate	NOUN
ger-561	712	10	institute	institute	NOUN
ger-561	712	11	of	of	ADP
ger-561	712	12	applied	apply	VERB
ger-561	712	13	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ger-561	712	14	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	712	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	712	16	sil	sil	PROPN
ger-561	712	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	713	1	laitin	laitin	PROPN
ger-561	713	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	713	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	713	4	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	713	5	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	713	6	ramachandran	ramachandran	PROPN
ger-561	713	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	713	8	r.	r.	PROPN
ger-561	713	9	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	713	10	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	713	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	713	12	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	713	13	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	713	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	713	15	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	713	16	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	713	17	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	714	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	714	2	legacy	legacy	NOUN
ger-561	714	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	714	4	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ger-561	714	5	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	714	6	policies	policy	NOUN
ger-561	714	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	714	8	their	their	PRON
ger-561	714	9	impact	impact	NOUN
ger-561	714	10	on	on	ADP
ger-561	714	11	student	student	NOUN
ger-561	714	12	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	714	13	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	714	14	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	714	15	from	from	ADP
ger-561	714	16	an	an	DET
ger-561	714	17	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ger-561	714	18	program	program	NOUN
ger-561	714	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	714	20	cameroon	cameroon	PROPN
ger-561	714	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	715	1	economic	economic	ADJ
ger-561	715	2	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	715	3	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	715	4	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ger-561	715	5	change	change	NOUN
ger-561	715	6	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	716	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	716	2	university	university	PROPN
ger-561	716	3	of	of	ADP
ger-561	716	4	chicago	chicago	PROPN
ger-561	716	5	press	press	NOUN
ger-561	716	6	journals	journal	NOUN
ger-561	716	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	716	8	68(1	68(1	NOUN
ger-561	716	9	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	716	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	716	11	https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10	https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10	X
ger-561	716	12	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	716	13	1086/700617	1086/700617	NUM
ger-561	716	14	walter	walter	PROPN
ger-561	716	15	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	716	16	s.	s.	PROPN
ger-561	716	17	l.	l.	PROPN
ger-561	716	18	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	716	19	2007	2007	NUM
ger-561	716	20	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	716	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	717	1	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	717	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	717	3	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	717	4	in	in	ADP
ger-561	717	5	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ger-561	717	6	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	717	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	718	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	718	2	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	718	3	benson	benson	PROPN
ger-561	718	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	718	5	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	718	6	kosonen	kosonen	PROPN
ger-561	718	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	718	8	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	718	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	718	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	718	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	718	12	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	718	13	issues	issue	NOUN
ger-561	718	14	in	in	ADP
ger-561	718	15	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ger-561	718	16	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	718	17	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	718	18	pps	pps	PROPN
ger-561	718	19	.	.	PROPN
ger-561	718	20	265	265	NUM
ger-561	718	21	-	-	SYM
ger-561	718	22	282	282	NUM
ger-561	718	23	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	718	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	719	1	sense	sense	NOUN
ger-561	719	2	publishers	publisher	NOUN
ger-561	719	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	720	1	williams	williams	PROPN
ger-561	720	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	720	3	e.	e.	PROPN
ger-561	720	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	720	5	1998	1998	NUM
ger-561	720	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	720	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	721	1	investigating	investigate	VERB
ger-561	721	2	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	721	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ger-561	721	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	721	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ger-561	721	6	from	from	ADP
ger-561	721	7	malawi	malawi	PROPN
ger-561	721	8	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	721	9	zambia	zambia	PROPN
ger-561	721	10	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	722	1	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	722	2	research	research	NOUN
ger-561	722	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	723	1	serial	serial	ADJ
ger-561	723	2	#	#	SYM
ger-561	723	3	24	24	NUM
ger-561	723	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	723	5	wolff	wolff	PROPN
ger-561	723	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	723	7	e.	e.	PROPN
ger-561	723	8	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	723	9	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	723	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	723	11	background	background	NOUN
ger-561	723	12	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	723	13	history	history	NOUN
ger-561	723	14	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	723	15	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	723	16	politics	politic	NOUN
ger-561	723	17	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	723	18	planning	planning	NOUN
ger-561	723	19	in	in	ADP
ger-561	723	20	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	723	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	724	1	in	in	ADP
ger-561	724	2	a.	a.	NOUN
ger-561	724	3	ouane	ouane	PROPN
ger-561	724	4	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	724	5	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	724	6	glanz	glanz	PROPN
ger-561	724	7	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	724	8	eds	eds	PROPN
ger-561	724	9	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	724	10	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	724	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	724	12	optimizing	optimize	VERB
ger-561	724	13	learning	learning	NOUN
ger-561	724	14	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	724	15	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	724	16	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	724	17	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ger-561	724	18	in	in	ADP
ger-561	724	19	africa	africa	PROPN
ger-561	724	20	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	724	21	the	the	DET
ger-561	724	22	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	724	23	factor	factor	NOUN
ger-561	724	24	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	725	1	hamburg	hamburg	PROPN
ger-561	725	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	725	3	germany	germany	PROPN
ger-561	725	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	725	5	uil	uil	PROPN
ger-561	725	6	/	/	SYM
ger-561	725	7	adea	adea	PROPN
ger-561	725	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	726	1	wolfaardt	wolfaardt	PROPN
ger-561	726	2	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	726	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ger-561	726	4	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	726	5	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	726	6	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	726	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	727	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
ger-561	727	2	of	of	ADP
ger-561	727	3	the	the	DET
ger-561	727	4	4th	4th	ADJ
ger-561	727	5	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	727	6	conference	conference	NOUN
ger-561	727	7	on	on	ADP
ger-561	727	8	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
ger-561	727	9	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	727	10	namibia	namibia	PROPN
ger-561	727	11	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	727	12	a	a	DET
ger-561	727	13	case	case	NOUN
ger-561	727	14	for	for	ADP
ger-561	727	15	a	a	DET
ger-561	727	16	gradual	gradual	ADJ
ger-561	727	17	transitional	transitional	ADJ
ger-561	727	18	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
ger-561	727	19	language	language	NOUN
ger-561	727	20	programme	programme	NOUN
ger-561	727	21	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	728	1	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	728	2	cohen	cohen	PROPN
ger-561	728	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	728	4	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	728	5	t.	t.	PROPN
ger-561	728	6	mcalister	mcalister	PROPN
ger-561	728	7	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	728	8	k.	k.	PROPN
ger-561	728	9	rolstad	rolstad	PROPN
ger-561	728	10	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	728	11	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	728	12	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	728	13	mcswan	mcswan	PROPN
ger-561	728	14	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	728	15	eds	ed	NOUN
ger-561	728	16	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	728	17	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	728	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	729	1	cascadilla	cascadilla	PROPN
ger-561	729	2	press	press	PROPN
ger-561	729	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	730	1	world	world	PROPN
ger-561	730	2	bank	bank	PROPN
ger-561	730	3	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	731	1	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	731	2	2011	2011	NUM
ger-561	731	3	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	731	4	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	732	1	learning	learn	VERB
ger-561	732	2	for	for	ADP
ger-561	732	3	all	all	PRON
ger-561	732	4	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	732	5	investing	invest	VERB
ger-561	732	6	in	in	ADP
ger-561	732	7	people	people	NOUN
ger-561	732	8	’s	’s	PART
ger-561	732	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ger-561	732	10	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	732	11	skills	skill	NOUN
ger-561	732	12	to	to	PART
ger-561	732	13	promote	promote	VERB
ger-561	732	14	development	development	NOUN
ger-561	732	15	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	733	1	world	world	PROPN
ger-561	733	2	bank	bank	PROPN
ger-561	733	3	group	group	PROPN
ger-561	733	4	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	733	5	strategy	strategy	NOUN
ger-561	733	6	2020	2020	NUM
ger-561	733	7	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	734	1	the	the	DET
ger-561	734	2	international	international	ADJ
ger-561	734	3	bank	bank	NOUN
ger-561	734	4	for	for	ADP
ger-561	734	5	reconstruction	reconstruction	NOUN
ger-561	734	6	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	734	7	development/	development/	NUM
ger-561	734	8	the	the	DET
ger-561	734	9	world	world	PROPN
ger-561	734	10	bank	bank	PROPN
ger-561	734	11	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	735	1	http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/41851149123	http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/41851149123	VERB
ger-561	735	2	5420712	5420712	NUM
ger-561	735	3	/	/	SYM
ger-561	735	4	education	education	NOUN
ger-561	735	5	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	735	6	strategy-4	strategy-4	NUM
ger-561	735	7	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	735	8	12	12	NUM
ger-561	735	9	-	-	PUNCT
ger-561	735	10	2011.pdf	2011.pdf	NUM
ger-561	735	11	ziegler	ziegler	NOUN
ger-561	735	12	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	735	13	j.	j.	PROPN
ger-561	735	14	c.	c.	PROPN
ger-561	735	15	&	&	CCONJ
ger-561	735	16	goswami	goswami	PROPN
ger-561	735	17	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	735	18	u.	u.	PROPN
ger-561	735	19	(	(	PUNCT
ger-561	735	20	2005	2005	NUM
ger-561	735	21	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	735	22	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	736	1	reading	read	VERB
ger-561	736	2	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ger-561	736	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	736	4	developmental	developmental	ADJ
ger-561	736	5	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN
ger-561	736	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	736	7	and	and	CCONJ
ger-561	736	8	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ger-561	736	9	reading	reading	NOUN
ger-561	736	10	across	across	ADP
ger-561	736	11	languages	language	NOUN
ger-561	736	12	:	:	PUNCT
ger-561	736	13	a	a	DET
ger-561	736	14	psycholinguistic	psycholinguistic	ADJ
ger-561	736	15	grain	grain	NOUN
ger-561	736	16	size	size	NOUN
ger-561	736	17	theory	theory	NOUN
ger-561	736	18	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	737	1	psychological	psychological	ADJ
ger-561	737	2	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
ger-561	737	3	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	737	4	131(1	131(1	NUM
ger-561	737	5	)	)	PUNCT
ger-561	737	6	,	,	PUNCT
ger-561	737	7	3–29	3–29	PROPN
ger-561	737	8	.	.	PUNCT
ger-561	738	1	https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3	https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3	PROPN
ger-561	738	2	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	738	3	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	738	4	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	738	5	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	https://www.edu-links.org/sites/default/files/media/file/usg-education-strategy_fy2019-2023_final_web.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	738	6	https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/700617	https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/700617	SYM
ger-561	739	1	https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/700617	https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/700617	PROPN
ger-561	740	1	http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/418511491235420712/education-strategy-4-12-2011.pdf	http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/418511491235420712/education-strategy-4-12-2011.pdf	NOUN
ger-561	740	2	http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/418511491235420712/education-strategy-4-12-2011.pdf	http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/418511491235420712/education-strategy-4-12-2011.pdf	PROPN
ger-561	740	3	https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3	https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3	PROPN