INTRODUCTION: Nocturnal Enuresis despite being discussed over decades now requires a much more comprehensive approach to dealing with primary nocturnal enuresis behavioural 1interventions, and need for parent education is a top priority . Yet there seems to be limited understanding of its current 2 prevalence, parental knowledge attitude and practice. A newspaper report of 2017 of a school child being ostracised and withdrawn from school once again focused on the urgent need for identifying the magnitude of the problem and factors associated and parenting factors with regard to nocturnal 3,4enuresis among children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study was conducted to assess the knowledge attitude and practice of mothers regarding nocturnal enuresis. Community based door-to-door survey of the houses of children aged between 5-12 years in all villages in the two randomly selected PHCs were included. Structured interview schedules were used. Tools for knowledge, attitude and practice were validated and tested reliability r = 0.70, r = 0.739 and r = 0.794 respectively. RESULTS: Totally 89 children with nocturnal enuresis were identied. After the screening found only 81 children had primary nocturnal enuresis and among them 68 mothers consented and participated in the study. The nding of the initial survey has been presented in the tables and gures. Table 1 Knowledge, attitude and practice scores of mothers regarding nocturnal enuresis N=68 The table shows that mothers had poor knowledge (11.85 ± 2.67) of basic facts regarding causes treatment and management of nocturnal enuresis. Their attitudes were moderately positive (43.06 ±6.42) towards nocturnal enuresis in their children. The practice was poor (31.75 ±3.72) in the management of nocturnal enuresis. Practices were focused towards 'pre-bed pee' and restriction of post-dinner uid and punishment. ASSOCIATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES WITH NOCTURNAL ENURESIS Table 2 Association of demographic variables of children with frequency of nocturnal enuresis * ** Signicant at P <0.05 Signicant at P <0.01 Nocturnal enuresis frequency was associated signicantly for type of birth, difculty to wake up, snoring, nightmares at P <0.05. Fear of darkness and duration of breast feeding at P <0.01. All other factors did not show any signicant association. ASSOCIATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES OF CHIL DREN WITH FREQUENCY OF NOCTURNAL ENURESIS OF CHILDREN Analysis using chi square test reveals that only mother's parenting task at [P <0.01] and father's parenting task [P <0.05] is associated with nocturnal enuresis frequency of children. None of the variables seem to have association with nocturnal enuresis of children. DISCUSSION: In the study, mothers had poor knowledge which is supported by ndings in Maharashtra where 58% of the mothers had 5information on bedwetting . With regard to parental attitude, readiness to punish was observed by other studies and news . 3,4,5reports The ndings reveal parenting practices specic to nocturnal enuresis were poor and negative. In studies of parenting practices, it was found parents did practice lifestyle modication in terms of uid and sleep hygiene, while in terms rd 5,6,7 of punishing wetting behaviour were only 1/3 of the parents There was statistically signicant relations between mothers' level of knowledge about enuresis, attitude and practice 7(p<0.001) . CONCLUSION: In this study, most of the background factors were not associated with nocturnal enuresis frequency of the children. Mothers had poor knowledge regarding nocturnal enuresis. Certain practices were engaged without their sound understanding on its bearing on wetting behaviour of the child, thus making a strong case for community and home- based intervention for the management of nocturnal enuresis. REFERENCES 1. Gontard AV, Jong, Badawi JK, O’connell KA, Hanna-Michell AT. Nieuwholf- Leppink & Cardozo L. Psychological and Physical Environmental Factors in KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE REGARDING NOCTURNAL ENURESIS AMONG MOTHERS OF CHILDREN WITH PRIMARY NOCTURNAL ENURESIS Original Research Paper Sequeira S J PhD Scholar, National Consortium For PHD In Nursing, RGUHS Karnataka, Faculty Of Community Health Nursing. Nursing Mothers had poor knowledge (11.85 ± 2.67) of basic facts regarding nocturnal enuresis. Their attitudes were moderately positive (43.06 ±6.42) towards nocturnal enuresis in their children. The practice was poor (31.75 ±3.72) in the management of nocturnal enuresis. Among variables, child's fear of darkness and duration of breast feeding (P <0.01), mothers parenting task (P <0.01) and fathers parenting task (P <0.05) were associated with nocturnal enuresis frequency of children. ABSTRACT KEYWORDS : Enuresis, Nocturnal Enuresis, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice VOLUME-9, ISSUE-2, FEBRUARY-2020 • PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8160 • DOI : 10.36106/gjra Mean Std. Std. Error Mean Knowledge 11.85 2.67 .324 Attitude 43.06 6.42 .778 Practice 31.75 3.72 .451 Gender 8.692 .27 Birth type 16.039 .02* Birth term 15.093 .37 Duration of Breast feeding 52.231 .004** Education 71.034 .09 Difculty to wake up 26.489 .02* Snores at sleep 24.224 .04* Nightmares 24.751 .04* Fear of darkness 27.044 .01** Mile stones 11.742 .11 Demographic Variable Chi Square Value Signicance P Value Age 12.669 .92 14 X GJRA - GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS the Development of Incontinence in Adults and Children. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing. 2017;44(2):181-187 2. Mathew JL Evidence-Based Management of Nocturnal Enuresis: An Overview of Systematic Reviews Indian paediatrics 2017:9 (47) 777-79 3. Times of India Bedwetting Dr Anuradha2017 October 10th 4. India pages rst Enuresis clinic in Pune 2016 May 5. Duraphe, 2015A study to assess knowledge and practices of mothers about management of children with enuresis residing in kamgarnagar, pimprichinchwad Municipal Corporation, Pune-18 IJNH Vol 1 (3), 179-185, 6. Magda AlyEssawy. Caregivers' Management For Their Children With Nocturnal Enuresis IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) , vol. 7, no.5 , 2018, pp. 12-23. 7. Rasha A. Mohamed, Ohoud Youssef El-Sheikh, and Ahmed Noaman, “Applying Health Education Learning Package for Mothers Regarding Nocturnal Enuresis.” American Journal of Nursing Research, vol. 7, no. 4 (2019): 561-573. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-7-4-18. VOLUME-9, ISSUE-2, FEBRUARY-2020 • PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8160 • DOI : 10.36106/gjra X 15GJRA - GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS