INTRODUCTION As per, the World Health Organization (WHO)1972, denition of blindness as a visual acuity of 3/60 or less in better eye or visual eld is less than 10 degrees, irrespective of the level of visual acuity, it is estimated that currently there are 45 million individuals worldwide who are bilateral blind and another 135 million people in the world that have severely impaired [1].vision in both eyes The importance of corneal disease as a major cause of blindness in the world today remains second [2].only to cataract It is estimated that ocular trauma and corneal ulceration result in 1.5 to 2 million new cases of [3].corneal blindness annually Ninety per cent of them occur in developing countries; and it has now been recognized as a [4].silent epidemic In India, there are approximately 6.8 million people who have corneal blindness, with vision less than 20/200 in at least one eye and of these, about a million have bilateral corneal blindness. It is expected that the number of corneal blind people in India will increase to 10.6 million by [5].2020 A recent national survey by the Government of India (1991-2001) estimated that corneal lesions are responsible for [6].9% of all blindness in our country AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Ÿ To study the demographic determinants of corneal trauma by vegetative & organic materials. Ÿ To compare the association of fungal and bacterial infection after corneal trauma by different kinds of vegetative and organic material. METHOD OF EXAMINATION The study included 132 walk-in patients seen in the department of ophthalmology in tertiary hospital with history of corneal trauma by vegetative material. Their ocular manifestation, clinical course and prognosis were assessed over a period of November to April. Documentation of all patients included socio-demographic features, duration of symptoms, predisposing factors, slit lamp bio microscopy ndings, associated ocular conditions, other systemic diseases, therapy received prior to presentation, visual acuity at the time of presentation, treatment given, response to treatment and the clinical outcome. TABLE – 1 Demographic characteristics of patients with corneal trauma. TABLE – 2 Association of fungal and bacterial infection with different kinds of vegetative and organic material corneal trauma. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Of the total 132, patients 92 (69.70%) were males and 40 (30.30%) were females with corneal trauma. Males were more prone to corneal trauma because of their nature of work and 7outdoor occupation. Thylefors et al. , Males tend to have more 8 eye trauma than females.Gothwal et al. , male (86.8%) were 9affected. Vijaya S. Rajmane et al , all found the maximum number of cases were in the middle decades of age group A STUDY ON DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS AND ASSOCIATION OF FUNGAL AND BACTERIAL INFECTION WITH DIFFERENT MODES OF CORNEAL INJURIES Original Research Paper Dr Monika Mahilong* Assistant Professor Dept. of Ophthalmology GMC Bilaspur Chhattisgarh 495001*Corresponding Author X 35GJRA - GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS Ophthalmology In present study, 132 patients attending the Department of Ophthalmology, Pt. J. N. M. Medical College & Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur during the period of 1year and 6 months, with corneal trauma by different kinds of vegetative and organic material, from November,2011 to April,2013. The study showed, maximum patients in middle decades with range of 21-50yrs. Most of the patients were males (69.30%) and belong to rural background (71.21%). The majority of patients (59.85%) were farmers or agricultural workers. Two peak Seasons were observed rst October to march (62.88%) due to harvesting season and second in April to June (25.77%) due to summer vacation of school going children. The predominant traumatic agent in our study was paddy leaf injury (51.51%) and most of the patients after corneal trauma presented with corneal ulceration (75.76%). ABSTRACT KEYWORDS : Corneal Injuries, Demographic determinants Dr M L Garg Professor& Dept. of Ophthalmology GMC Raipur Dr S Kujur Associate Professor & & Dept. of Ophthalmology GMC Raipur VOLUME-8, ISSUE-12, DECEMBER-2019 • PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8160 • DOI : 10.36106/gjra Demographic determinants Numbers Percentage Gender Male 92 69.70% Female 40 30.30% Age Distribution <20 Yrs. 22 16.67% 21- 30 Yrs. 23 17.42% 31-40 Yrs. 39 29.54% 41-50 Yrs. 29 21.98% >50 Yrs. 19 14.39% Residence Rural 94 71.21% Urban 38 28.79% Occupation Farmer 61 46.21% Labors 18 13.64% Household 19 14.39% Service 10 7.58% Students/ Children 24 18.18% Seasonal variation Jan- Mar 25 18.94% Apr-Jun 34 25.76% Jul-Sep 15 11.36% Oct-Dec 58 43.94% Traumatic agents Koh +ve Gram +ve Koh+ve + Gram+ve Sterile Not done Total (124) Paddy leave 44 08 07 09 0 68 Wooden stick/Chip 09 03 02 05 19 38 Insects 0 2 0 2 2 6 Cow tail 0 2 0 4 0 6 Finger nail 0 0 0 1 5 6 Total 53 16 9 23 31 132 36 X GJRA - GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS 10 11between 21 – 50 yrs. Patel S et al , (43.9%). Srinivasan M et al , 12(43.4%). R.C. Gupta et al , (35.8%), all found that among various type of traumatic agent, paddy leaf was most common. In this study, paddy leaf (51.51%) appear to be most common mode of corneal trauma, However in the study by R 32Nath et al . fungal keratitis was demonstrated in 65.2% patients which was higher as compared to our study. It was observed that, fungal keratitis was associated with paddy leaf trauma were 51(38.64%) CONCLUSION Fungal ulcers were more common than bacterial ulcers. Fungal ulcers should be suspected in every patient with a corneal lesion occurred by vegetative and organic material and should be ruled out before commencing topical medication. Early diagnosis with prompt identication of the pathogenic organism is mandatory to initiate appropriate therapy for corneal injuries to restores good vision. REFERENCES: 1. The prevention of blindness: report of a WHO Study Group. Geneva, World HealthOrganization, 1973: 10–11 (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 518). 2. Whitcher JP, Srinivasan M, Upadhyay MP: Corneal blindness: a global perspective. Bull World Health Organ 2001, 79:214–221. 3. Global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness. WHO: Geneva; 1997. (unpublished document) WHO/PBL. 97-61 - Rev.1. 4. Whitcher JP, Srinivasan M. Corneal ulceration in developing world: A silent epidemic. Br J Ophthalmol 1997;81:622-3. 5. India: A Vision 2020 Handbook on Equipping a Secondary Eye Hospital. January 20,2010. . 6. Govt. of India. National Survey on blindness. 1999-2001. Report 2002 7. Thylefors B. Epidemiological patterns of ocular trauma. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Ophthalmology, 1992, 20: 95–98. 8. VK Gothwal, S Adolph, S Jalali and TJ Naduvilath. Demography and prognostic factors of ocular injuries in South India. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Ophthalmology (1999) 27, 318–325 9. Vijaya S. Rajmane1*, Mangala P. Ghatole2 and Sarita N. Kothadia Prevalence of Oculomycosis in a Tertiary Care Centre Al Ame en J Med S c i (2 011 )4 (4 ) :3 3 4 -3 3 8. 10. Patel S., Dhakhwa K., Badhu B. P., Khanal B., Chaudhary S.,Arya S. K. Epidemiological as well as microbiological prole of suppurative keratitis and its outcome. 11. Srinivasan M, Gonzales CA, George C, et al.: Epidemiology and aetiologica diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Madurai. South India. Br J Ophthalmol 1997, 81:965–971. 12. R. C. Gupta, A. M. Jain, R. M. Kushwaha, K. Jaiswal, S. Tiwari. “Prole of Various Types of Corneal Ulcer in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre”. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2013; Vol2, Issue 24, June 17; Page: 4429-4434. VOLUME-8, ISSUE-12, DECEMBER-2019 • PRINT ISSN No. 2277 - 8160 • DOI : 10.36106/gjra