item: #1 of 33
          id: gstjournal-1
      author: Olana, Gemechu
       title: An Empowering and Reconciling Presence : Public Ministry Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus: A Brief Historical Perspective Review with Some Prospective Remarks 
        date: 2022
       words: 6521
      flesch: 38
     summary: Even today, this assumption has remained strong among all Oromo- speaking Evangelical Churches and leaders.17 Therefore, the EECMY and other Ethiopian churches are obligated responsibly to reject an exclusive individualistic interpretation and understanding of the death and resurrection of Jesus or view them as mere subjective experiences.
    keywords: charismatic; church; eecmy; ethiopian; groups; oromo; people; reconciliation; religion; society; theological; world
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        item: #2 of 33
          id: gstjournal-10
      author: Eide, Øyvind M.
       title: Missionary Dilemmas in Times of Persecution Case Ethiopia
        date: 2024
       words: 5094
      flesch: 58
     summary: The CCCE was seen as an effort to form an ideological opposition, leading to Gudina Tumsa's elimination and the government's intention to dismantle evangelical churches. At the time more than 3,000 churches (1,700 Kale Hiwot, 1,000 EECMY, 300 Pentecostal, Baptist, and Mennonite) were closed, and church life was brought to a standstill.
    keywords: church; churches; eecmy; eide; ethiopia; government; mission; missionaries; missionary; persecution; rights
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        item: #3 of 33
          id: gstjournal-11
      author: Stephanos, Francis
       title: Power and Partnership Conference: Challenging the Power Structure 
        date: 2024
       words: 7178
      flesch: 56
     summary: However, some members from two congregations in Addis Ababa insisted on having church services conducted in their mother tongue, Oromifa. We are all equally challenged to stand for the truth against the secularization of our time which has caused thousands of churches to close down, to be demolished or sold every year.
    keywords: authority; church; eecmy; ethiopia; global; god; mekane; members; people; power; rev; stephanos; yesus
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        item: #4 of 33
          id: gstjournal-12
      author: Zewde, Estifanos Tesemma
       title: Gudina Tumsa’s Approach to Human Rights: a Dialogue between Anthropology and Christology
        date: 2024
       words: 9508
      flesch: 56
     summary: For materialism, human beings are to be viewed but in terms of matter.16 Gudina’s critique does not only target Marxist ideology but also the materialism that undergirds Western concept of development where “[the] standard of human life and that of society is normally evaluated in terms of economic growth and material wealth, or in technology and production. For these thinkers, human life is characterized primarily in terms of selfishness, the ultimate vice that alienates human beings from God.
    keywords: approach; beings; christ; christian; church; foundation; god; gudina tumsa; human; humanity; justification; life; nature; rights; theological
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        item: #5 of 33
          id: gstjournal-13
      author: Schuler, Mark
       title: The First Apostles
        date: 2023
       words: 4071
      flesch: 74
     summary: When we look more carefully at the distribution of the terminology within New Testament writings, we get our first clues as to that meaning. The most important conclusion of this initial study of apostolicity is that we must seek our understanding from the words of the New Testament and in so doing to recognize that various New Testament writers do not use ἀπόστολος in the same way.
    keywords: apostles; cor; jesus; paul; testament; usage; ἀπόστολος
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        item: #6 of 33
          id: gstjournal-14
      author: Schuler, Mark
       title: After the Apostles
        date: 2023
       words: 5833
      flesch: 70
     summary: Then he enumerated, “The gifts he gave were that some would be apostles…” (Eph 4:11). But it was not the only meaning, for Paul could use the term as a designation for other fellow workers (without explaining exactly what he means by that) and could even use the term broadly when speaking of “apostles and prophets.”
    keywords: apostles; apostolic; bishops; christian; church; epistle; paul; succession; testament; theological
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        item: #7 of 33
          id: gstjournal-15
      author: Schuler, Mark
       title: Apostles Today
        date: 2023
       words: 5718
      flesch: 61
     summary: But 1 Walter J. Hollenweger, “Forward,” in African Initiatives in Christianity: The Growth, Gifts, and Diversities of Indigenous African Churches : A Challenge to the Ecumenical Movement, by John S. Pobee and Gabriel Ositelu, Risk Book Series (Geneva: WCC Publications, 1998). In African Initiatives in Christianity: The Growth, Gifts, and Diversities of Indigenous African Churches : A Challenge to the Ecumenical Movement, by John S. Pobee and Gabriel Ositelu.
    keywords: africa; apostles; apostolic; authority; christianity; church; churches; matters; paul; theological; today
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        item: #8 of 33
          id: gstjournal-17
      author: Senbetu, Tibebu
       title: The First Rev. Dr. Yonas Deressa Lecture Series
        date: 2023
       words: 1132
      flesch: 50
     summary: Dr. Schuler, professor emeritus at Concordia University in St. Paul, Minnesota, delivered insightful lectures during the event. In the first session led by Dr. Schuler, titled “The First Apostles,” the focus was on exploring the biblical foundation of the term ἀπόστολος (apostolos) and how it has been used by biblical authors.
    keywords: research; schuler
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        item: #9 of 33
          id: gstjournal-19
      author: Deressa, Samuel
       title: Introduction to Vol. 2, No. 2
        date: 2024
       words: 727
      flesch: 38
     summary: Sarah Willson's article shines a light on the remarkable approach to ecumenism adopted by Gudina Tumsa, a visionary figure in the realm of religious harmony. In this edition, we present a diverse range of articles that delve into significant historical events, individuals, and theological approaches that have shaped the fabric of the Global South.
    keywords: article; gudina
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        item: #10 of 33
          id: gstjournal-2
      author: Gebissa, Ezekiel
       title: The Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY) Between Indigeneity and Globalism: Re-measuring Growth, Re-visioning Mission, Recasting Leadership
        date: 2022
       words: 10305
      flesch: 47
     summary: The paper argues that the main reason for the disparity between the numerical increases in converts/members joining the church and the impact of church leadership to affect change is a lack of theological depth guiding decision-making. In a broader sense, self-governing encapsulates self-identifying and self-adapting more than the sociological aspect of church leadership.
    keywords: christianity; church; churches; eecmy; ethiopian; global; globalism; gospel; growth; gudina; indigeneity; leadership; mission; self; structure; theological; tumsa; world
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        item: #11 of 33
          id: gstjournal-20
      author: Lumpp, David
       title: Introduction to Vol. 3, No. 1
        date: 2024
       words: 575
      flesch: 50
     summary: While I do not ordinarily use analogies from biology, let me observe at the outset that the DNA of prosperity gospels is very different from that of a genuinely biblical and Lutheran understanding of the Christian gospel, including the Christian life that this gospel elicits. Moreover, the prosperity gospels read and understand the Word of God in Holy Scripture from an equally different interpretative framework from the one taught by classical Christian theology in general and by Lutheran theology especially (namely, in the latter case, its gospel-centered and gospel-informed hermeneutic).
    keywords: gospels; prosperity
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        item: #12 of 33
          id: gstjournal-21
      author: Lumpp, David
       title: Authentic Discipleship
        date: 2024
       words: 8945
      flesch: 63
     summary: After Saint Paul’s intense and searching autobiographical reflections in Romans 7, he transitions to what is perhaps the pinnacle of his theological expression in Romans 8 with these introductory words: “There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. For the law of the Spirit of life has set you free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death” (verses 1-2).
    keywords: christ; discipleship; god; gospel; jesus; life; luke; matthew; new; sermon; testament; words
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        item: #13 of 33
          id: gstjournal-22
      author: Feyessa, Youdit Tariku 
       title: The Wholeness of Life as Christian Mission: Reading the Epistle of James in Contemporary Ethiopia
        date: 2025
       words: 6821
      flesch: 54
     summary: 52GudinaTumsa quoted in Øyvind M. Eide, “Integral Human Development: Rev. Gudina Tumsa’s Theology, with Special Reference to His critique of Dominant Trends in Missiology and the Question of Human Rights,” in The Life and Ministry of Gudina Tumsa, Gudina Tumsa Foundation (Hamburg: WDL, 2008), 63. Mission as wholeness of life is well attributed in the late Qes3 (Reverend) Gudina Tumsa’s calling of the church towards “holistic mission.”
    keywords: christian; church; epistle; gudina; gudina tumsa; james; life; mission; theology; tumsa; wholeness
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        item: #14 of 33
          id: gstjournal-23
      author: Lumpp, David
       title: Theology of the Cross
        date: 2024
       words: 6579
      flesch: 58
     summary: 1 For more detailed background of the larger context of the Heidelberg Disputation, connecting it to both the other events of these years and to Rome’s disciplinary measures against Luther, see the first volume of the magisterial biography by Martin Brecht, Martin Luther: His Road to Reformation 1483–1521, trans. The love of man comes into being through that which is pleasing to it.2 Several of these theses are famous as almost “stand alone” statements of Martin Luther, by which I mean that they are often quoted by themselves as capsule summaries of Luther’s thinking on a particular topic.
    keywords: christ; cross; god; heidelberg; jesus; luther; righteousness; theology; theses
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        item: #15 of 33
          id: gstjournal-24
      author: Lumpp, David
       title: The Lure of False Gospels
        date: 2024
       words: 9777
      flesch: 62
     summary: USA Abstract: The strong appeal of prosperity gospels in contexts of severe poverty and intense human suffering is understandable. Finally, prosperity gospels arise out of a thoroughly deficient hermeneutics (most notably, a philological carelessness and an altogether ahistorical and decontextualized reading of a very selective cluster of passages).
    keywords: christ; context; god; good; gospels; jesus; law; life; passage; prosperity; prosperity gospels; testament; theological
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        item: #16 of 33
          id: gstjournal-25
      author: Ådna, Jostein
       title: Two Testaments in One Bible: How do the Old and New Testaments Interrelate?
        date: 2024
       words: 30852
      flesch: 61
     summary: For a paradigmatic description of how the New Testament applies Old Testament traditions and texts for expressing and elaborating the Christ event, the article describes how the evangelists Mark and Matthew drew upon the Old Testament tradition of the righteous sufferer in Psalm 22 to describe the passion of Jesus, and how the Letter to the Hebrews drew upon the priesthood of Melchizedek and the promise of a new covenant for the exposition of Jesus’ ministry. Next, we will direct our attention to some texts in the New Testament that apply Old Testament traditions and texts in their exposition of central theological issues.
    keywords: bible; biblical; books; christ; christian; god; greek; hebrew; holy; israel; jerusalem; jesus; jesus christ; king; lord; mark; new; people; prophets; psalm; scriptures; second; septuagint; south; temple; testament; testament books; theological; tradition; zion; zion tradition; ådna
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        item: #17 of 33
          id: gstjournal-28
      author: Johnson, Phyllis D. 
       title: “Love Your Neighbor” as a  Missionary Method in James’ Epistle
        date: 2025
       words: 5336
      flesch: 51
     summary: The narrative demonstrates that the concept of neighbor goes beyond the confines of culture and religion, and that it entails love and compassion even in the face of sacrifice (Jas 2:18). Tillich argues in his book titled Power, Love and Justice, how love is a powerful force that addresses fundamental human concerns and needs.10
    keywords: god; grand; james; law; love; neighbor; people; rapids; testament; theological
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        item: #18 of 33
          id: gstjournal-29
      author: Woldetsadik, Melesse
       title: Walking the Talk: Jacobite Exhortation as a Missiological Method
        date: 2025
       words: 5776
      flesch: 53
     summary: This story highlights the universal desire for the love of God to be evident in His children, creating an openness to receiving the good news of the gospel of Jesus Christ. 13 McKnight, 396-7. 14 D. Warden, “The Rich and the Poor in James: Implications for Institutionalized Partiality,” Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, 43 (2000), 247-57, Quoted in Scot McKnight, The Letter of James (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011), 4. Woldetsadik, “Walking the Talk” Global South Theological Journal 3, no. 2 (2024): 27 CONCLUSION The book of James emphasizes the significance of embodying the gospel of Jesus Christ in daily life, effectively spreading the message of faith.
    keywords: believers; christ; church; faith; god; james; jesus; letter; life; obedience
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        item: #19 of 33
          id: gstjournal-3
      author: Jodock, Darrell
       title: Gudina Tumsa’s Contributions to Theology 
        date: 2022
       words: 8871
      flesch: 55
     summary: 10 Øyvind Eide, “Integral Human Development: Rev. Gudina Tumsa’s Theology, with Special Reference to His Critique of Dominant Trends in Missiology and the Question of Human Rights,” in The Life and Ministry of Rev. Gudina Tumsa, 63. One reason the government considered him dangerous was because, even after the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox withdrew, he continued to lead the ongoing Council for Evangelical Christians in Ethiopia, which the government considered a potential rival for power and influence.33 32 Debela Birri, “Rev. Gudina Tumsa and the Ecumenical Movement of the 1970s:
    keywords: christ; christian; church; ethiopia; god; gudina; gudina tumsa; human; luther; seminary; theological; theology; tumsa; world
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        item: #20 of 33
          id: gstjournal-30
      author: Gashute,, Abyot S. 
       title: Holiness and the Mission of God in the Epistle of James
        date: 2025
       words: 5786
      flesch: 65
     summary: Another area of ethical and social responsibility that James addresses is prayer and responsibility for one another. Kenya Abstract: James’s central critique in the Epistle is faith that is devoid of practical action or ethics.
    keywords: epistle; faith; god; grand; holiness; holy; james; mission; new; testament
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        item: #21 of 33
          id: gstjournal-32
      author: none
       title: Introduction to Vol. 3, No. 2
        date: 2025
       words: 493
      flesch: 37
     summary: The Editors The Epistle of James, often overlooked in missiological discussions, provides crucial insights into the practical application of Christian faith. This issue presents four scholarly articles that explore the themes of wholeness, love, ethical living, and holiness in James and their significance for contemporary Christian missions.
    keywords: christian; james
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        item: #22 of 33
          id: gstjournal-33
      author: Lessing, Reed
       title: Lamentations for Today: Part 1
        date: 2025
       words: 3865
      flesch: 68
     summary: Dobbs-Allsopp, Lamentations, 2. Lessing, “Lamentations for Today: Part 1” Global South Theological Journal 4, no. 1 (2025): 4 REJECTING LAMENTATIONS Is there a place for the book of Lamentations in the Christian life? ”16 10 Matthew Boulton, “Forsaking God: A Theological Argument for Christian Lamentations,” Scottish Journal of Theology 55 (2002): 58–78, 59.
    keywords: book; christian; god; grief; lamentations; laments; life; theological; world; yahweh
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        item: #23 of 33
          id: gstjournal-34
      author: Lessing, Reed
       title: Lamentations for Today: Part 2
        date: 2025
       words: 3824
      flesch: 70
     summary: Dickie observes: “The first step in trauma healing is to regain one’s voice and recover agency (being the ‘subject’ rather than the ‘object’ who was acted upon), and the second step is to reconstruct the story of what happened and to express it.” The book’s vivid depictions of suffering—cannibalism, famine, rape, and destruction—mirror the experiences of trauma survivors, offering them a voice and a pathway to healing.
    keywords: book; god; grief; healing; lamentations; pain; past; people; recovery; trauma
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        item: #24 of 33
          id: gstjournal-35
      author: Canceran, Delfo
       title: Christianity in the Philippines
        date: 2025
       words: 7491
      flesch: 52
     summary: With the influence of the Vatican II documents, especially the church in the modern world, church people went to the native people and witnessed their joys and their sorrows. The reaffirmists consisted of the loyal members of the founder of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), namely, Joma Sison; the rejectionists consisted of the separationist members of the founder, and the third force consisted mostly of church people who split from the leftist group.
    keywords: americans; catholic; christianity; church; church people; filipinos; global; language; natives; people; philippines; religion; social; spaniards; world
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        item: #25 of 33
          id: gstjournal-36
      author: Mang, Pum Za 
       title: Christianity in Burma
        date: 2025
       words: 5774
      flesch: 45
     summary: In the following decades, Karen missionaries, especially Ko Thabyu and Saw Quala, evangelized their people with considerable success, marking a popular culture of evangelism among Karen Christians.11 The Burman, who still ruled the province of Pegu, however, persecuted Karen Christians, which forced many Karen to seek refuge in the province of Rakhine, already under British control. Living and working with and for the Kachin for more than 85 years, Karen missionaries played a crucial role in the making of Kachin Christianity.30 In 1927, when Kachin Christians had celebrated the golden jubilee, Karen Christians from lower Burma joined them, accordingly underlining growing religious ties between the two races and churches.
    keywords: american; baptist; british; burma; christianity; christians; history; kachin; karen; lahu; missionaries; people; press
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        item: #26 of 33
          id: gstjournal-37
      author: Meloottu, Allan Varghese 
       title: Indian Christianity: Through Historical Transitionary Modes to Contemporary Polyvalent Christianity
        date: 2025
       words: 8706
      flesch: 40
     summary: Although one can imagine numerous features of contemporary Indian Christianity, I narrow the discussion in this section to three features roughly following Pachuau’s paradigm of three “common macro-contextual issues faced in the Majority World”: Religiosity, poverty & inequality, and Tensional existence.48 Such is the social and missiological shaping of contemporary Indian Christianity that looks to provide a holistic transformation in individuals and communities in the context of multidimensional poverty.
    keywords: bible; christianity; christians; church; churches; context; global; hindu; indian; mission; new; pentecostal; percent; portuguese; press; religion; revival; south; theological; thomas
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        item: #27 of 33
          id: gstjournal-38
      author: Editors
       title: Introduction to Volume 4, Number 1
        date: 2025
       words: 747
      flesch: 44
     summary: It emphasizes Lamentations' universal resonance with human pain and loss, despite its brutal imagery and accusations against God. His lectures offered an exploration into the enduring relevance of the biblical book of Lamentations for contemporary Christian life, particularly in navigating grief, suffering, and trauma.
    keywords: lamentations; pain
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        item: #28 of 33
          id: gstjournal-39
      author: none
       title: Adaptation and Resilience in South and Southeast Asia
        date: 2025
       words: 739
      flesch: 18
     summary: The study underscores that despite persistent challenges like ethnic conflict and religious persecution, Christianity remains central to the identity, resilience, and societal progress of many ethnic minorities in Burma, with native evangelism driving the majority conversion among groups like the Chin and Kachin today. Canceran importantly emphasizes that Filipino Christianity developed as a hybrid entity, often blending with indigenous religious beliefs and practices, which is still evident in popular religiosity.
    keywords: christianity; south
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        item: #29 of 33
          id: gstjournal-4
      author: Bitrus, Ibrahim
       title: Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a “Living Dead” in Africa
        date: 2022
       words: 8656
      flesch: 52
     summary: Bonhoeffer, who had little or no contact with Africa during his lifetime, wields enormous influence on the continent’s theology and context.4 Though Bonhoeffer passed away many years ago in 1 Geffrey Kelly and F. Burton Nelson, eds., A Testament to Freedom: The Essential Writings of Dietrich Bonhoeffer (New York: HarperOne, 1995), 24-27. 2 Kelly and Nelson, Testament to Freedom, 38-44. These include, among others, Bonhoeffer and South Africa; “Reception of Bonhoeffer’s Theology”; “Bonhoeffer, Apartheid and Beyond: The Reception of Bonhoeffer in South Africa,” in Bonhoeffer for a New Day (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1997); “Dietrich Bonhoeffer and the Transition to Democracy in the German Democratic Republic and South Africa,” Modern Theology 12, no. 3 (1996):345-366; “Confessing Guilt in South Africa Today in Dialogue With Dietrich Bonhoeffer,” Journal of Theology for Southern Africa 67 (1989); 37-45; Bonhoeffer for a New Day: Theology in a Time of Transition:
    keywords: africa; apartheid; bonhoeffer; christ; de gruchy; gruchy; life; south africa; theology; thought; witness
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        item: #30 of 33
          id: gstjournal-5
      author: Decke, Gerd
       title: Gudina Tumsa and Dietrich Bonhoeffer
        date: 2022
       words: 10536
      flesch: 51
     summary: 5 Gudina Tumsa Foundation, ed., The Life and Ministry of Gudina Tumsa, General Secretary, Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY) : Lectures and Discussions, First Missiological Seminar, 2001 (Hamburg, Germany: WDL- Publishers, 2007), 96. A comparison between Bonhoeffer and Gudina shows both great differences in their biographical data and amazing parallels in the center of their Christian existence.6 Dietrich Bonhoeffer was born in 1906, twenty-three years before Gudina Tumsa.
    keywords: bonhoeffer; christ; christian; church; dictatorship; dietrich bonhoeffer; ethiopia; gudina; gudina tumsa; life; people; resistance; theological; theology; time; world
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        item: #31 of 33
          id: gstjournal-6
      author: Deressa, Samuel
       title: Welcome to the Global South Theological Journal
        date: 2022
       words: 330
      flesch: 51
     summary: WELCOME TO THE GLOBAL SOUTH THEOLOGICAL JOURNAL Rev. Dr. Samuel Deressa, editor (Concordia University, St. Paul) Christianity in the twenty-first century has experienced one major phenomenon that scholars have been describing for the last few decades— the decline of Christianity in the Global North (Europe and North America) and its rise in the global South (Africa, Asia, and South America). This implies that the center of Christianity has shifted to Africa, Asia, and South America, and it is likely that these regions will remain the new strongholds of Christianity for decades or even centuries to come.
    keywords: global
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        item: #32 of 33
          id: gstjournal-7
      author: Wilson, Sarah Hinlicky
       title: The Challenge of African Churches in the Ecumenical Discussion with Special Reference to Ethiopia
        date: 2024
       words: 6814
      flesch: 54
     summary: But ecumenism should drive people to travel beyond the borders of their home theology and home church to see what else is out there, which will then help them to be better Christians both at home and abroad. Abstract: This article aims to explore the challenges faced by African churches in achieving ecumenism and unity amidst geographical, cultural, and confessional divisions.
    keywords: african; christ; church; churches; god; gudina; home; luther; lutheran; theological; unity
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        item: #33 of 33
          id: gstjournal-8
      author: Grenstedt, Steffan
       title: The Ministry of Qes Gudina Tumsa in the Kambata/Hadiya Region
        date: 2024
       words: 14818
      flesch: 67
     summary: AT INTEGRATING THE KEC-2 INTO THE EECMY 1963 As has been mentioned earlier, the EECMY already in July 1961 had begun to educate KEC-2 elders in church administration and in the EECMY constitution in accordance with the EECMY Executive Committee’s resolution in June 1961. Doctrine: When the link to the EECMY became stronger in 1961, the interest in following EECMY practices on baptism increased among KEC-2 leaders.
    keywords: ato; church; church officers; eecmy; eecmy church; elders; fms; grenstedt; gudina tumsa; hadiya region; kambata; kec-2; khmp; lwf; mission; officers; qes gudina; sim; south; synod; theological; tumsa
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