item: #1 of 1726 id: grbs-10001 author: Jones, C. P. title: The Levy at Thespiae under Marcus Aurelius date: 1971 words: 1574 flesch: 67 summary: The Levy at Thespiae under Marcus Aurelius Jones, C P Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1971; 12, 1; ProQuest pg. 45 The Levy at Thespiae under Marcus Aurelius c. P. Jones A N INSCRIPTION discovered at Thespiae in 1890-91, and not pub­ lished until 1932, refers to a corps of volunteers raised by the . keywords: aurelius; campaign; inscription; levy; marcus; thespiae cache: grbs-10001.pdf plain text: grbs-10001.txt item: #2 of 1726 id: grbs-1001 author: Davies, Rachel Bryant title: Reading Ezekiel’s Exagoge: Tragedy, Sacrificial Ritual, and the Midrashic Tradition date: 2008 words: 8437 flesch: 53 summary: E 394 READING EZEKIEL’S EXAGOGE although Ezekiel uses the familiar medium of Greek tragedy, he adapts it to conform to the different mindset of his Hel- lenistic Jewish culture.3 To gain a better understanding of the revitalised significance with which Ezekiel invests his source- text it will be necessary to go beyond debates about how far the Exagoge fits the classical criteria for tragedy and instead adopt a fresh perspective. But 1 Dating, authorship, and provenance are contested, but the consensus is that the Exagoge was written in second-century BCE Alexandria by a Jew named Ezekiel. keywords: egypt; exagoge; exodus; ezekiel; form; god; greek; hellenistic; narrative; new; passover; reading; ritual; sacrifice; story; temple; text; tradition; tragedy; tragic; καὶ cache: grbs-1001.pdf plain text: grbs-1001.txt item: #3 of 1726 id: grbs-10011 author: Demarolle, Jeanne-Marie title: La Chrétienté à la fin du IIIe s. et Porphyre date: 1971 words: 3449 flesch: 71 summary: Pour l' auteur du Contre les Chretiens une autre originalite de la societe chretienne de la fin du lIt s. reside dans son encadrement par un derge hierarchise que Celse, lui, un siecle plus tot, ignorait totale­ ment. Certes, Cle­ ment d'Alexandrie applique l'adjectif T'A€LOV au baptemeP mais ceci est encore tres loin de la terminologie de Porphyre. keywords: aussi; chretiens; contre; dans; des; est; fin; harnack; les; macar; par; pas; porphyre; pour; que; qui; son; sur; une cache: grbs-10011.pdf plain text: grbs-10011.txt item: #4 of 1726 id: grbs-10021 author: Browne, Gerald M. title: Coptico-Graeca: The Sahidic Version of St Athanasius’ Vita Antonii date: 1971 words: 2513 flesch: 72 summary: Phrases of this type appear occasionally in classical Greek (see Kuhner-Gerth II p.492.2), but the construction is not confined to Attic. [lowe the reference to the Hermae Pastor to Bentley Layton.] 11 Coptic characteristically uses oratio recta to render Greek oratio obliqua. keywords: athanasius; coptic; fraenkel; greek; tou; version; vita; word cache: grbs-10021.pdf plain text: grbs-10021.txt item: #5 of 1726 id: grbs-10031 author: Daly, Lawrence J. title: Themistius’ Plea for Religious Tolerance date: 1971 words: 6652 flesch: 59 summary: A few pages later, however, Stegemann (coI.1672), in arguing that Themistios claimed just as little originality of thought as his great proto­ type Dio Chrysostom, cites in support the testimony ofH. Schenkl (Die handschriftliche Oberlieferung der Reden des Themistius, WS 23 [1901] 17), who spoke of Themistius' poverty of thought. 18 G. Downey, Education and Public Problems as Seen by Themistius, TAPA 86 (1955) 306. keywords: christian; cult; dindorf; downey; emperor; empire; jovian; julian; law; lord; op.cit; pagan; philosophy; plea; supra; themistius; tolerance cache: grbs-10031.pdf plain text: grbs-10031.txt item: #6 of 1726 id: grbs-10041 author: Evans, J. A. S. title: Christianity and Paganism in Procopius of Caesarea date: 1971 words: 8695 flesch: 65 summary: In the His­ toria Arcana Procopius is closest to the doctrine openly professed by his continuator, Agathias, that punishment from God inevitably fol- 18 Evans, Procopius of Caesarea and the Emperor Justinian, in Canadian Historical Assn. J. A. S. BV ANS 87 about what this phenomenon meant, if anything, and Procopius de­ clined to take sides. keywords: arcana; belisarius; bell; caesarea; christian; christianity; god; historia; history; justinian; men; paganism; procopius; things; time; tvx7j cache: grbs-10041.pdf plain text: grbs-10041.txt item: #7 of 1726 id: grbs-10051 author: Smith, Ole Langwitz title: Arsenios and Parisinus Graecus 2070 date: 1971 words: 4751 flesch: 79 summary: In this MS the underlining may have been miss­ ing, or Robortello may have overlooked it. Where their read­ ings depart from Par. 2070, Robortello follows the parent MS. 12 In 1542 Asulanus' MSS were bought by G. Pelicier for Francis I. keywords: 32,9; arsenios; edition; franchini; laur; par; paris; ravennas; robortello; savello; scholia; text cache: grbs-10051.pdf plain text: grbs-10051.txt item: #8 of 1726 id: grbs-10061 author: Ackerman, Robert title: Some Letters of the Cambridge Ritualists date: 1971 words: 9629 flesch: 70 summary: Such data have hitherto derived mainly from three sources: obitu­ ary notices in the Proceedings of the British Academy;1 Gilbert Murray, An Unfinished Autobiography (London 1960), which unhappily breaks off before Murray came to know Miss Harrison and the others; and Jessie Stewart'sjane Ellen Harrison: A Portrait from Letters (London 1959 -hereafter Stewart), which is invaluable in that it contains many letters that Miss Harrison wrote to Murray over the quarter century they worked together, but is unreliable in that it is unfortunately filled with errors of fact and typography. A. W. Verrall (1851-1912),· although friendly with all the members of the Group (Miss Harrison met Murray at the Verralls), was not at all sympathetic to their archaeological and anthropological approach.5 keywords: book; cambridge; comedy; cook; cornford; darwin; group; harrison; lecture; letters; miss; murray; ritual; ritualists; spens; stewart; tragedy; work; years cache: grbs-10061.pdf plain text: grbs-10061.txt item: #9 of 1726 id: grbs-10071 author: West III, William C. title: Saviors of Greece date: 1970 words: 5323 flesch: 69 summary: The glory of old Athens, not Panhellenism, highlights the passages praising Marathon in Aristophanes.24 In extant literature it makes its first appearance in De Mysteriis 107 and then is regular throughout the fourth century. Saviors of Greece West, William C Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1970; 11, 4; ProQuest pg. 271 Saviors of Greece William C. West III FEW TEXTS have been so problematic as the so-called Marathon epigrams (IG J2 763). keywords: athenian; athens; battle; century; epigram; greece; marathon; salamis; sparta; supra; thucydides; war; xerxes cache: grbs-10071.pdf plain text: grbs-10071.txt item: #10 of 1726 id: grbs-10081 author: Reeve, Michael D. title: Some Interpolations in Sophocles date: 1970 words: 4803 flesch: 75 summary: a' E~ ov yap EIEtcat TfjC J>..7T180C 8t'7jc 7TPOCE8oKWJLEV 7TEtcat aVTOV E7T' ~v cXJLapT{av, is one which fits only the Nurse, provided that the scholiast does not conceive of Phaedra as a character without moral scruples who goes to any length to involve Hippolytus in a love-affair.8 Murray's critical apparatus is misleading on this point and should be corrected.9 In his note on lines 669-79 Barrett maintains that the true ascription given by BA, is implicit also in the scholiast's comment (NBV) on 669-71. keywords: 669; barrett; character; euripides; hippolytus; monody; nurse; phaedra; play; speaker; speech; stage cache: grbs-10101.pdf plain text: grbs-10101.txt item: #14 of 1726 id: grbs-1011 author: Garvey, Tom title: Plato’s Atlantis Story: A Prose Hymn to Athena date: 2008 words: 4648 flesch: 61 summary: In a prose hymnic style, then, Plato, through Critias, sings Athena’s praises. Writing in a post-imperial age, Plato calls for a return to the golden age in which ancient Athens, the embodi- ment of his own Republic, was preeminent for the right reason.28 What is more, with phronesis lying fallow in the land itself, waiting to be employed once more, this return is in fact ripe for the harvesting; unlike other gods (like Poseidon), Athena has provided her people with a unique advantage. keywords: athena; atlantis; critias; gods; greek; hymn; plato; poseidon; religion; story; timaeus cache: grbs-1011.pdf plain text: grbs-1011.txt item: #15 of 1726 id: grbs-10111 author: Tracy, Stephen V. title: Identifying Epigraphical Hands date: 1970 words: 5820 flesch: 69 summary: 26 Modern Attic masons rarely cut texts longer than one hundred letters and do not cut letters smaller than 0·015 m. Requested to cut letters similar to those on a squeeze of IG lIZ 1028 (0·008 m.), Mr Mastores demurred, saying that he could not and had never had the occasion to cut such small letters. Peculiarities of individual letters (PLATES 25 and 26, figs. keywords: agora; archon; hesperia; inscriptions; lettering; letters; mason; strokes; study; tracy cache: grbs-10111.pdf plain text: grbs-10111.txt item: #16 of 1726 id: grbs-10121 author: Oliver, James H. title: Arrian and the Gellii of Corinth date: 1970 words: 1053 flesch: 73 summary: As the editors point out, L. Gellius Justus filiUS in line 7 is the son of L. Gellius Justus Menandri filius in lines 5 and 6. 6* 335 336 ARRIAN AND THE GELLII OF CORINTH A second case occurs in Corinth Vill.3.124, in which G. W. Bower­ sock, GRBS 8 (1967) 279-80, recognized a new inscription in honor of Arrian. Arrian and the Gellii of Corinth Oliver, James H Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1970; 11, 4; ProQuest pg. keywords: arrian; corinth; gellius; oliver cache: grbs-10121.pdf plain text: grbs-10121.txt item: #17 of 1726 id: grbs-10131 author: Cameron, Alan title: Michael Psellus and the Date of the Palatine Anthology date: 1970 words: 5261 flesch: 68 summary: Of all the riddles and puzzles assembled in AP XIV, only one has a really plau­ sible looking ascription: 63, to Mesomedes. Even if he did write elegiacs occasionally, I doubt whether he would have been capable of AP XIV 5, 35 or 58. keywords: anthology; aubreton; century; collection; cougny; date; palatine; psellus; riddles; vii; xiv cache: grbs-10131.pdf plain text: grbs-10131.txt item: #18 of 1726 id: grbs-10141 author: Calder III, William M. title: Aeschylus’ Philoctetes date: 1970 words: 3719 flesch: 73 summary: 30 See H. Weir Smyth, Aeschylus II (LCL, Cambridge [Mass.] and London 1957) 465: Odysseus had been put to death by reason of some shameful crime. Euripides and Sophocles retained from Aeschylus: the time and place for the action, Odysseus, his disguise or conceal­ ment, Philoctetes' recital of his woes, the theft or capture of the bow during or because of a paroxysm, and the voyage to Troy that ended the action. keywords: aeschylean; aeschylus; der; dio; n.12; n.2; odysseus; op.cit; philoctetes; play; supra; von; wilamowitz cache: grbs-10141.pdf plain text: grbs-10141.txt item: #19 of 1726 id: grbs-10151 author: Marcovich, Miroslav title: Bacchylides’ Ode 7 Again date: 1970 words: 1553 flesch: 76 summary: Dr Pieper suggests (pp.233-34) that Chronos as father for Hecate in Bacchylides fr.lB is easily understood by its connexion with Chronos mentioned in Ode 7. 10 J. E. Harrison, Ode VII in Notes on Bacchylides, CR 12 (IS9S) 140-41. keywords: bacchylides; chronos; hecate; hemera; ode cache: grbs-10151.pdf plain text: grbs-10151.txt item: #20 of 1726 id: grbs-10161 author: Fornara, Charles W. title: The Date of the Callias Decrees date: 1970 words: 5628 flesch: 61 summary: But since that conviction derives from negative arguments against the claims of other years, we come full circle. Other arguments might be adduced in support of the contention made here, but they are more circumstantial and should not be necessary.19 keywords: acropolis; athena; athenians; date; decision; decree; gods; talents; treasures; war cache: grbs-10161.pdf plain text: grbs-10161.txt item: #21 of 1726 id: grbs-10171 author: Frel, Jirí; Kingsley, Bonnie M. title: Three Attic Sculpture Workshops of the Early Fourth Century B.C. date: 1970 words: 9296 flesch: 73 summary: Votive relief: victorious horse crowned by Nike; Acropolis 4688, Conze 17 (10.2) and Athens 2970, Svoronos 195; both together: Walter 244. Votive relief: banquet; Athens 1501; Svoronos 83, Hausmann 30.15; keywords: athens; base; conze; courtesy; detail; dexileos; dohrn; drapery; frel; hand; head; kingsley; museum; nos; photograph; relief; saa; sculptor; sculpture; stele cache: grbs-10171.pdf plain text: grbs-10171.txt item: #22 of 1726 id: grbs-10181 author: Renehan, Robert F. title: The Platonism of Lycurgus date: 1970 words: 5646 flesch: 70 summary: €iTE O~ fJ-7]OEfJ-La aic87]cLc ECTtV ••• (40c) and Ta TE ytxp aAAa EvoaLfJ-0VECT€PO{ ElcLV C A - '8 ' ~ /~ \ \ , , '8 ' , O£ EKEL TWV EV ao€, Ka£ 7]07] TOV I\OLTTOV XPOVOV a avaTO£ ELCLV, ELTT€P yE Ta AEyofJ-Eva eXA7]8ij (41c). I f ~ f I~ \ ~ \ \ a7TaCTJC TTJC /\/\aooe keywords: contra; death; der; die; jaeger; kat; laws; leocratem; lycurgus; man; penalty; plato; tov; twv; tyrtaeus cache: grbs-10181.pdf plain text: grbs-10181.txt item: #23 of 1726 id: grbs-10191 author: Fortenbaugh, William W. title: On the Antecedents of Aristotle’s Bipartite Psychology date: 1970 words: 8915 flesch: 57 summary: Just as Medea engaged in reflections concerning her response to Jason's betrayal but was not able to control her response, so for Aristotle women are able to reflect and in general to deliberate (they possess TO {JOVA€VTLKOV) but are unable to guide their emotions by reasoned reflection. 233 On the Antecedents of Aristotle's Bipartite Psychology William W. F ortenbaugh THIS ESSAY is concerned with the antecedents of Aristotle's bipartite or moral psychology.1 keywords: anima; aristotle; bipartite; bipartition; deliberation; dichotomy; emotion; means; medea; psychology; reflection; response; soul cache: grbs-10191.pdf plain text: grbs-10191.txt item: #24 of 1726 id: grbs-10201 author: Huxley, George title: Nikainetos and Oikous date: 1970 words: 2973 flesch: 74 summary: 7TaLOl.3 Byblis sister of Kaunos is likened to a juniper or cedar (apK€VOOLCL, line 4); Nikainetos evidently had an eye for trees: com­ pare Kat AVyoc, apxaLwv Nikainetos assumed that Byblis was innocent, but in most versions of the story, Parthenios notes, she declared her passion to Kaunos, who, horrified, departed--oi O€ 7TA€lovc .•• rpaclv. keywords: aphrodite; byblis; island; kaunos; line; miletos; nikainetos; parthenios cache: grbs-10201.pdf plain text: grbs-10201.txt item: #25 of 1726 id: grbs-1021 author: Kazakévich, Emily Grace; Kamen, Deborah title: Were the χωρὶς οἰκοῦντες Slaves? date: 2008 words: 16292 flesch: 66 summary: Slaves who lived apart from their owner were as likely to be called either douloi or oiketai —or andrapoda for that matter—as were slaves who lived under his roof, just as a house was an oikia whether or not its owner had let it. Croix in “Slavery: Review of W. L. Westermann’s The Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Antiquity,” CR 7 (1957) 55f., though without reference to the term andrapodon, on which general term for “slave” see Kazakévich, “Slaves as a Form of Wealth” keywords: apophora; athenian; athens; category; chôris; definition; dem; demosthenes; dwellers; emily; freedmen; grace; greek; group; harpocration; kazakévich; law; master; meaning; oikountes; owner; property; slaves; status; term; texts; westermann; οικουντες slaves; χωρὶς cache: grbs-1021.pdf plain text: grbs-1021.txt item: #26 of 1726 id: grbs-10211 author: Zetzel, James E. G. title: New Light on Gaius Caesar’s Eastern Campaign date: 1970 words: 3559 flesch: 69 summary: Whereas Publius Cornelius Scipio, quaestor pro praetore, being endowed with unsurpassed goodwill towards Augustus and his whole house, having made one very great and highly honorific vow, to preserve him (Augustus) safe for all time, as is shown by his deeds on every occasion, has performed the Caesarea without falling short at all in respect to cost or dis­ play or gratitude to the gods for the sacrifices to Augustus, and at the same time causing most of the cities in the province to do the same with him; and later learning that Gaius the son of Augustus, who was fighting against the bar­ barians for the safety of all mankind, was well and had avenged himself upon the barbarians, having escaped dan­ gers, (Scipio) being overjoyed at such good news directed everyone to wear crowns and to sacrifice, being untroubled and undisturbed, and he himself sacrificed an ox for Gaius' safety, and was lavish in varied spectacles, so that what took place then rivalled what had come before, but the solemnity remained balanced; and he made a great effort, in leaving two days off of the days of Caesar's festival, to begin the sacri­ fices for Gaius on the day on which he (Gaius) was first desig­ nated consul; and he instructed us to observe this day annually with sacrifices and crown-wearing as joyously and ... as possible; therefore, the council approved on the fifteenth day before the Kalends of ... JAMES E. G. ZETZEL 261 It was therefore Gaius who reached Syria in 1 B.C. with proconsular imperium over the eastern provinces. keywords: a.d; artagira; augustus; b.c; campaign; date; gaius; inscription; kat; orlandos; scipio cache: grbs-10211.pdf plain text: grbs-10211.txt item: #27 of 1726 id: grbs-10221 author: Schein, Seth L. title: Odysseus and Polyphemus in the Odyssey date: 1970 words: 5166 flesch: 70 summary: The contrast between Polyphemus' primitiveness and Odysseus technological skill is obvious. Although Page does say (p.14) that the entire story of Polyphemus is most carefully constructed and most firmly settled in its place among the adventures of Odysseus, his analysis is independent of the rest of the Odyssey. keywords: book; cyclops; giant; homer; odysseus; odyssey; olive; op.cit; page; polyphemus; story; supra; tale cache: grbs-10221.pdf plain text: grbs-10221.txt item: #28 of 1726 id: grbs-10231 author: Frischer, Bernard D. title: Concordia discors and Characterization in Euripides’ Hippolytos date: 1970 words: 7401 flesch: 63 summary: For Hippolytos death is a «savior (1373); for Phaidra the «co-worker she sought in verse 676. And just as in lines 88ff Hippolytos has unknowingly condemned himself, so Phaidra's words about false cWcPpocuVYJ will be used to condemn her in lines 661-68. keywords: aphrodite; artemis; characters; concordia; euripides; frame; gods; hippolytos; human; lines; op.cit; phaidra; play; supra cache: grbs-10231.pdf plain text: grbs-10231.txt item: #29 of 1726 id: grbs-10241 author: Segal, Charles title: The Order of Lines in Hippolytus 1452-56 date: 1970 words: 3164 flesch: 67 summary: 1457 Ill. Wilamowitz transposed 1454 and 1453 after 1455, giving the order 1452-5-4-3-6.1 His reasons were (1) the ease of connection between YEVVatOC and YV1}CLOC, (2) the naturalness of having Hippolytus' farewell of 1453 immediately precede Theseus' plea to Hippolytus not to die (1456), and (3) the difficulty, in the Ms. order, of having Theseus greet Hippolytus' announcement of his death with apparent approval (1454) and then of seeming to have Hippolytus revive in 1455 after the praise of 1454: In tradito ordine cum alia absurda sint, tum Hippo­ lyto mortem sibi instare significanti plaudit pater, filius ita laudatus paullulum reviviscit. Theseus recognizes in 1452 the greatness of his son, so nobly reflected in Hippolytus' final gesture of pardon (1449, 1451). keywords: barrett; euripides; hippolytus; lines; order; supra; theseus; wilamowitz cache: grbs-10241.pdf plain text: grbs-10241.txt item: #30 of 1726 id: grbs-10251 author: Rawson, Elizabeth title: Family and Fatherland in Euripides’ Phoenissae date: 1970 words: 8457 flesch: 68 summary: But while it is obviously true that any play based on a story like the one before us must inevitably make many references to the family, yet the per­ petual stress on family relationships, family duties, family feelings in Euripides' language here has not been brought out in detail, or in its counterpoint to relationships, duties and feelings to one's country. The brief dialogue between Jocasta and Antigone is done in terms of family relationships: my child ... (1264), your brothers ... (1267), with your mother ... (1269), mother who bore me ... (1270), then twice more the vocative of daughter (1272, 1280), twice that of mother (1274, 1288), with two more references to Antigone's brothers (1272, 1277), and Jocasta's declaration that she will die if she cannot save her sons. keywords: antigone; city; country; creon; eteocles; euripides; family; fatherland; jocasta; land; menoeceus; mother; oedipus; play; polyneices; son; thebes cache: grbs-10251.pdf plain text: grbs-10251.txt item: #31 of 1726 id: grbs-10261 author: Feinberg, Lawrence title: The Tetrax in Athenaeus date: 1970 words: 4293 flesch: 80 summary: 11 Nearly fifty quotations from Aristotle's zoological works make it unlikely that Athenaeus was unaware of Aristotle's repeated statement that birds do not have W-r(l, only auditory passages. For the most complete collec­ tion of illustrations of European birds see J. Gould, The Birds of Europe (London 1832-37): see vol. keywords: athenaeus; bird; black; cock; fowl; grouse; guinea; purple; supra; tetrax; thompson; wattles cache: grbs-10261.pdf plain text: grbs-10261.txt item: #32 of 1726 id: grbs-10271 author: Oliver, James H. title: Rescript of Gordian III to Aurelius Epaphras date: 1970 words: 648 flesch: 69 summary: Rescript of Gordian III to Aurelius Epaphras Oliver, James H Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1970; 11, 2; ProQuest pg. 137 Rescript of Gordian III to Aurelius Epaphras James H. Oliver K ENAN T. Erim and Joyce Reynolds, A Letter of Gordian III from Aphrodisias in Caria, JRS 69 (1969) 56-58 with photo­ graphs, publish a new imperial letter. Though the epistle occupied an entire block, other documents of the same dossier may have preceded it. keywords: gordian; iii cache: grbs-10271.pdf plain text: grbs-10271.txt item: #33 of 1726 id: grbs-10281 author: Calder III, William M. title: Three Unpublished Letters of Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff date: 1970 words: 12819 flesch: 73 summary: WILLIAM M. CALDER III 157 erwarten, das die darstellung im hinblick auf die dortigen verhaltnisse ein gerichtet, und es ist wol auch keine zu kiine vermutung, das die geschazte darstellerin, der Sie ir kind zur pflege keywords: aber; aeschylus; aischylos; als; auch; auf; aus; berlin; bonn; bormann; calder; das; dem; den; der; des; die; dissertation; doch; eben; ein; eine; erinnerungen2; euripides; haben; hat; hermann; ich; iii; ist; jahn; leipzig; letters; life; mich; mir; mit; nicht; noch; nur; oder; read; sein; sich; sie; sophokles; supra; tiber; und; von; von wilamowitz; war; wenn; wie; wilamowitz; william; wird; wol; work; years cache: grbs-10281.pdf plain text: grbs-10281.txt item: #34 of 1726 id: grbs-10301 author: Beck, Curt W.; Fellows, Constance A.; Adams, Audrey B. title: Analysis and Provenience of Minoan and Mycenaean Amber, III. Kakovatos date: 1970 words: 5304 flesch: 72 summary: In English they are sometimes called 'spacer beads', but that term should be reserved for the small cylinder discs which are sometimes found separating 10 Miiller. By computer classification, ten of the eleven spectra were identified as those of Baltic amber; the exception, spectrum 1553 of sample 11, differs only minutely from the others but fails to meet the stringent computer test. keywords: amber; baltic; beads; figure; kakovatos; mycenaean; op.cit; spacers; spectra; supra; tholos cache: grbs-10301.pdf plain text: grbs-10301.txt item: #35 of 1726 id: grbs-1031 author: Zuiderhoek, Arjan title: On the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek City date: 2008 words: 11605 flesch: 48 summary: In numerous instances, we find civic assemblies deeply involved in negotiat- ing the details of benefactions and liturgies promised by elite individuals, and passing formal decrees to confirm the agree- ments reached.8 I argue in this paper that the evidence for Greek civic politics in the Roman Empire presents a complex and at times contra- dictory picture, with the sources pointing to a strong element of oligarchy as well as to a continuing tradition of popular politics, against a background of a growing social and political hierar- chisation. keywords: assemblies; assembly; associations; cities; city; civic; collegia; demos; dio; east; elite; empire; evidence; greek; imperial; nijf; people; period; politics; roman; van; world cache: grbs-1031.pdf plain text: grbs-1031.txt item: #36 of 1726 id: grbs-10311 author: Robertson, Martin title: Laomedon’s Corpse, Laomedon’s Tomb date: 1970 words: 1680 flesch: 77 summary: They refer also to a Trojan Laomedon mentioned by Quintus Smyrnaeus (2.293). He can cite Apollodorusll for a son of Herakles by that name; but in a picture of Troy, surely such a famous Trojan name could be given only to a Trojan, and there was only one famous Trojan Laomedon. keywords: corpse; gate; laomedon; s.v; supra; tomb; troy cache: grbs-10311.pdf plain text: grbs-10311.txt item: #37 of 1726 id: grbs-10321 author: Thompson, Wesley E. title: The Kinship of Perikles and Alkibiades date: 1970 words: 2889 flesch: 65 summary: The Kinship of Perikles and Alkibiades Thompson, Wesley E Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1970; 11, 1; ProQuest pg. 27 The Kinship of Perikles and Alkibiades Wesley E. Thompson N EPOS SAYS that Alkibiades was Perikles' stepson (privignus) , but according to Diodoros they were uncle (()eioc) and nephew (&8eArpt8ovc).1 Since our other evidence seems to indicate that neither statement is correct, these testimonia are generally simply ignored. To refute Diodoros it will be convenient to set forth the family tree of Alkibiades, from which it will be seen that Perikles could not be the brother of his father, Kleinias, or of his mother, Deinomache. keywords: alkibiades; diodoros; megakles; perikles; son; uncle cache: grbs-10321.pdf plain text: grbs-10321.txt item: #38 of 1726 id: grbs-10331 author: Mosley, D. J. title: The Size of Athenian Embassies Again date: 1970 words: 2969 flesch: 55 summary: Of other known embassies of ten men, the delegations to Sparta in 445 (And. 3.6), 421 (Diod.Sic. 12.75.4), 405/4 (Xen. He is not inclined, however, to accept that Athenian customs in determining the size of embassies were inconsistent, and suggests that the greater the confidence in the envoys and the proposer of the embassy, the smaller the size of the embassy was. keywords: athenian; embassies; embassy; envoys; men; sparta cache: grbs-10331.pdf plain text: grbs-10331.txt item: #39 of 1726 id: grbs-10341 author: Arnott, D. Geoffrey title: Studies in Comedy, II: Toothless Wine date: 1970 words: 1854 flesch: 67 summary: She wittily selects for the description of her wine a series of ambiguous terms that can be applied both to wine and to aged human beings without excessive violence to contemporary idiom. The adjectives ~8vc and cCl.1Tp6c suit wine and wight with equal appropriateness, although CCl.1TpOC was doubtless a vulgarism when applied to people.6 The noun Y'pwvof course properly belongs to the human sphere, but from the time of Homer (Od. 22.184, Y'pov CtXKOC) poets employed and declined it adjec­ tivally, and applied it in the general sense of .ov p.tu(}ov 'TO ?TPW'TOV €?Tap­ (NV7'£s ••• ; the latter clearly rowed in Athenian ships, and perhaps allied ships also, if. keywords: allies; andocides; athenian; athens; atl; battle; cimon; contributions; date; evidence; fleet; gomme; greek; hdt; infra; league; losses; navy; op.cit; period; persian; shipbuilding; ships; states; supra; talents; thuc; thucydides; tribute; triremes; war; years cache: grbs-10451.pdf plain text: grbs-10451.txt item: #51 of 1726 id: grbs-10461 author: Renehan, Robert F. title: Conscious Ambiguities in Pindar and Bacchylides date: 1969 words: 4021 flesch: 72 summary: N certain passages of Pindar and Bacchylides, the recognition of the literary device of conscious ambiguity can serve to clarify the poet's meaning. PINDAR, Olympian 8.23-25, 70-71: e \ \' \ ,,\_~, . . . keywords: ambiguities; bacchylides; farnell; oaaos; passage; pindar; poet; sense; word cache: grbs-10461.pdf plain text: grbs-10461.txt item: #52 of 1726 id: grbs-10471 author: Pieper, Gail W. title: The Prooemium of Bacchylides’ Ode 7 date: 1969 words: 2445 flesch: 71 summary: 229 The Prooemium of Bacchylides' Ode 7 Gail W. Pieper THE Seventh Odel of Bacchylides was composed in honor of Lachon of Ceos, winner of the boys' foot-race at Olympia in 452 B.C.2 Due to the severe mutilation of col. 13, critical analysis has been limited for the most part to textual and metrical studies.3 With the help of several fragments and a few letters from the margin of col. 14, however, Blass has been able to reconstruct much of the text of lines 3-11.4 Consequently, it is possible to study more closely the train of Bacchylides' poetic thought. (supra n.8) 404. 10 See Jacob Stern, Bestial Imagery in Bacchylides' Ode 11, GRBS 6 (1965) 282: his de­ light is in a literal association, a pun or conceit ... 11 Cited by Snell, p.25, n. on line 14. keywords: bacchylides; goddess; nemesis; ode; selene; theog cache: grbs-10471.pdf plain text: grbs-10471.txt item: #53 of 1726 id: grbs-10481 author: Huxley, George title: Nikias, Crete and the Plague date: 1969 words: 2156 flesch: 67 summary: The previous silence of Thucydides should not be taken to imply, however, that before 427 B.C. Nikias had not come to the fore in Athenian public life; it may mean only that hitherto Nikias had done nothing that was, in the opinion of Thucydides, worthy of com­ ment. 3 Griechische Geschichte 112 (Gotha 1895) 212-13 n. GEORGE HUXLEY 237 plague, because (a) Nikias was notoriously superstitious, (b) the Spar­ tans had lately renewed the claim that the Kylonian curse was still effective, (c) there was plague in Nikias' time, and Cd) Thucydides mentions ritual to counter the plague. keywords: apollo; crete; delphi; nikias; oracles; plague; thucydides cache: grbs-10481.pdf plain text: grbs-10481.txt item: #54 of 1726 id: grbs-10491 author: Rodgers, V. A. title: Σύνεσις and the Expression of Conscience date: 1969 words: 6648 flesch: 69 summary: I '' t. ' ' \ 'r () ' \ • ~ ' I 7T1\€OVOe; OVO€V €UTL asLOV avopt CTVvaywVt!:o€U at, JL7JO€V aVT

J.TjvtupoDv I (Thessaloniki 1961). Many dis­ tinctive features of modern Greek nationalism, so Vacalopoulos maintains, can never be wholly discerned, let alone described, without initial reference to their origins in late Byzantine (Palaeologian) times. keywords: byzantine; church; empire; greece; greek; hellenism; national; nationalism; past; re­; striving; vacalopoulos cache: grbs-10651.pdf plain text: grbs-10651.txt item: #73 of 1726 id: grbs-10661 author: Stanley, Keith title: An Archaic Cypriote Amphora at Duke University date: 1968 words: 1910 flesch: 68 summary: Cypriote amphora (PLATES 2-5), formerly in the collec­ tion of Captain E. G. Spencer-Churchill, M.e., was acquired in 1965 for the Duke Classical Collection.1 Its monumental size and complexity of decoration make it a notable addition to a type of Cypriote pottery little represented in the published literature. Two slight depressions appear on side B below the handle zone to right and left, probably resulting from an overcrowded kiln or to handling prior to firing. keywords: amphora; duke; lotus; neck; shoulder cache: grbs-10661.pdf plain text: grbs-10661.txt item: #74 of 1726 id: grbs-10671 author: Oliver, James H. title: Notes on the Inscription at Teos in Honor of Antiochus III date: 1968 words: 489 flesch: 84 summary: On Block II, p.37 lines 27-28, where Herrmann notes the absence of a verb in the space for four letters at the end of line 26 and three letters at the beginning of line 27, the infinitive is probably TTavIEtV, which fits the sense. Haplography occurs frequently, e.g. Block I, line 33 (€7T7}ylAaTo) , Block n, line 20 (uv(.LOptwv) and line 24 (aAovs-), whereas it is hard to explain in any other way the intrusion of the epsilon of EKOYI:LIN. keywords: block; kat; line cache: grbs-10671.pdf plain text: grbs-10671.txt item: #75 of 1726 id: grbs-10681 author: Cameron, Alan title: The Garlands of Meleager and Philip date: 1968 words: 11961 flesch: 64 summary: In the second Philipp an sequence in the same book we find at 6.230 (aKp€tTf{-) an­ other poem by Maecius: another dedication of a shell by a fisherman, this time to Apollo. 230, in turn, is linked to 231 (Philip) by the fact that both are dedications by a fisherman called Damis. First, poems by the more prolific poets recur in a sort of rhythmical alternation, with the work of lesser figures distributed evenly be­ tween. keywords: agathias; books; cephalas; epitymbia; garland; gow; group; letter; meleager; meleagrian; op.cit; order; original; page; philip; poems; sequences; supra; word cache: grbs-10681.pdf plain text: grbs-10681.txt item: #76 of 1726 id: grbs-10701 author: Phillips, E. D. title: Saneunos the Scythian date: 1968 words: 1373 flesch: 68 summary: Aeschylus3 calls iron weapons Scythian and calls the Caucasus 'mother of iron', Hesiod4 mentions a Scythian Delas as the discoverer of copper. Saneunos the Scythian Phillips, E D Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1968; 9, 4; ProQuest pg. 385 Saneunos the Scythian E. D. Phillips A MONG INVENTORS of various arts mentioned in a summary of historical information preserved in POxy. 1241 is Saneunos, a Scythian king who is credited by Hellanikos with the inven­ tion of iron weapons. keywords: iron; saneunos; scythian; weapons cache: grbs-10701.pdf plain text: grbs-10701.txt item: #77 of 1726 id: grbs-1071 author: Nigdelis, Pantelis; Lioutas, Asterios title: “First of the Hellenes in the Province”: A New Inscription from Mygdonia date: 2009 words: 3941 flesch: 61 summary: New inscriptions may provide an answer to the question. In Macedonia, stewards (πραγματευταί) and overseers (οἰκο- νόμοι) are attested as a rule in inscriptions in lowland districts, such as Philippi, Langada, Thessaloniki, Pella, Pydna, Heraclea 7 Characteristic letters are the rhomboid omicron and the three-stroke sigma, the alpha and the delta with an upward slant of the right-hand serif, and the squared upsilon. keywords: asia; greek; hellenes; inscriptions; koinon; nigdelis; province; thessaloniki; title; word; καὶ; πρῶτος; τῶν; ἑλλήνων cache: grbs-1071.pdf plain text: grbs-1071.txt item: #78 of 1726 id: grbs-10711 author: Calder III, William M. title: Sophokles’ Political Tragedy, Antigone date: 1968 words: 9701 flesch: 72 summary: Thus most harmfully: R. C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, Part III: The Antigone, ed.3 (Cambridge 1900) 7 (henceforth: Jebb, Antigone) and Schneidewin-Nauck­ Bruhn, Sophokles Antigone, ed. l1 (Berlin 1913) 48 (zu unserer Oberraschung !). This elderly and pernicious view grew from a misinterpreta­ tion of Demosthenes 19.246-7.9 It is not tenable, nor is the short-lived compromise that Kreon was deuteragonist.1o Kreon was protagonist, and his rOle was played by the leading actor of the trilogy.ll If Antigone 5 Yet March 442 is the generally accepted modem dating: see Ernst-Richard Schwinge, Die Stellung der Trachinierinnen keywords: antigone; audience; burial; calder; cambridge; die; government; haimon; iii; ismene; jebb; knox; kreon; op.cit; play; question; scene; sophokles; state; supra; time; tragedy; wilamowitz cache: grbs-10711.pdf plain text: grbs-10711.txt item: #79 of 1726 id: grbs-10721 author: Gredley, B. title: Is Orestes 1503-36 an Interpolation? date: 1968 words: 5554 flesch: 58 summary: Basel 1894); D. L. Page, Actors' Interpolations in Greek Tragedy (Oxford 1934) 45-48; W. Biehl, Text­ probleme in Euripides Orestes (Gottingen 1955) 84-85; id., ed. 10 Similarly unanswerable is di Benedetto's statement (ed. ad 1550), Ma si tratta di cose che avverte illettore moderno, non 10 spettatore antico, il quale dopo il dialogo tra Oreste e il Frigio non poteva non aspettarsi l'arrivo di Menelao. keywords: benedetto; biehl; euripides; helen; menelaus; orestes; page; phrygian; scene; verses cache: grbs-10721.pdf plain text: grbs-10721.txt item: #80 of 1726 id: grbs-10731 author: Knox, Bernard M. W. title: Silent Reading in Antiquity date: 1968 words: 7129 flesch: 63 summary: Though he finds that for the Roman period Balogh has brought forward convincing evidence for reading aloud, he has himself pro­ duced evidence for silent reading in fifth and fourth century Greece, on which see below. Balogh, who offers no explanation when he first quotes the passage, does so much later (p.22S) in his discussion of the psychology of ancient reading. keywords: aloud; antiquity; aut; balogh; bernard; case; evidence; fact; horace; letter; lucian; man; nasica; passage; reading; second cache: grbs-10731.pdf plain text: grbs-10731.txt item: #81 of 1726 id: grbs-10741 author: Henrichs, Albert title: Philosophy, the Handmaiden of Theology date: 1968 words: 6139 flesch: 66 summary: Allegorical interpretation was not at all restricted to the Bible. The earliest evidence for allegorical interpretation of the Iliad dates from the sixth century B.C., whereas the works of philo provide the first extensive example of similar methods applied to the Septuagint. keywords: didymus; disciplines; greek; hagar; handmaiden; interpretation; passage; philo; philosophy; sarah; theology; virtue; wife; wisdom cache: grbs-10741.pdf plain text: grbs-10741.txt item: #82 of 1726 id: grbs-10751 author: Wilson, Nigel G. title: The Composition of Photius’ Bibliotheca date: 1968 words: 2092 flesch: 63 summary: To say books read when you were not present is an oblique but appropriate way of describing Photius' private reading, given that Tarasius was a mem­ ber of the club and the addressee of the letter. We know nothing of supply and demand in the book trade at this time, but we can easily imagine that the demand for books occasionally outran the capacity of high-class calligraphers (or indeed the supply of parchment, though Photius does not seem to be referring to that difficulty). keywords: bibliotheca; books; composition; letter; memory; photius cache: grbs-10751.pdf plain text: grbs-10751.txt item: #83 of 1726 id: grbs-10761 author: Daly, Lloyd W. title: Hesiod and Theocritus in the Text of Papias date: 1968 words: 1265 flesch: 64 summary: Hesiod and Theocritus in the Text of Papias Daly, I Loyd W Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1968; 9, 4; ProQuest pg. 457 Hesiod and Theocritus in the Text of Papias Lloyd W. Daly THE EARLIEST MA1~USCRIPTS in which Hesiod's Theogony is preserved are of the thirteenth century.1 It therefore struck me as of some possible interest that Theogony 907-11, as well as the first two lines of Works and Days, are quoted in Greek in the first edition (Milan 1476) and in subsequent editions (e.g. Venice 1496) of the Elementarium Doctrinae Erudimentum of Papias, a work which was completed in or shortly after the year 1053. The ghost of Greek manuscripts in twelfth century Lombardy and of a Papias who could read Greek poetry is laid to rest. keywords: edition; greek; hesiod; mombrizio; papias; theocritus cache: grbs-10761.pdf plain text: grbs-10761.txt item: #84 of 1726 id: grbs-10781 author: Cameron, H. D. title: ‘Epigoni’ and the Law of Inheritance in Aeschylus’ Septem date: 1968 words: 4821 flesch: 65 summary: The fact that Plato uses a term which ought to mean 'younger son' would argue for the fact that £7TtyOVOS was the traditional legal term for non-inheriting status under the early system of primogeniture. For earlier centuries there is no explicit evidence, but we must conclude that the system of equal division was impossible in early Greece because of the nature of land tenure. keywords: city; division; end; epigoni; eteocles; inheritance; land; play; polyneices; septem; son; supra; system cache: grbs-10781.pdf plain text: grbs-10781.txt item: #85 of 1726 id: grbs-10791 author: Scott, William C. title: The Mesode at Persae 93-100 date: 1968 words: 3214 flesch: 68 summary: The plain meaning of the two opening ques­ tions (93-96) and the OUK £UTLY (100) is that no mortal can escape the snares of god. Mesode: They state that there is no mortal who can escape the hand of god. keywords: army; broadhead; chorus; god; line; mesode; persian cache: grbs-10791.pdf plain text: grbs-10791.txt item: #86 of 1726 id: grbs-10801 author: Naoumides, Mark title: New Fragments of Ancient Greek Poetry date: 1968 words: 10386 flesch: 78 summary: Soph. p.695-6: cP 0 LV L g. TWV 7ToMd: of}Aovawv ~ \ 't. \ \ \ ~ I ~ n;. This Ms (which I call Z), Codex Matritensis Bib!. keywords: entry; etym.gud; form; fragments; glosses; greek; hesychius; kat; lexicon; meaning; poetry; reference; sophocles; source; suda; word cache: grbs-10801.pdf plain text: grbs-10801.txt item: #87 of 1726 id: grbs-1081 author: O'Sullivan, Lara title: History from Comic Hypotheses: Stratocles, Lachares, and P.Oxy. 1235 date: 2009 words: 10475 flesch: 58 summary: Traces of antagonism between other unnamed comic poets and Stratocles’ political master, Demetrius Poliorcetes, suggest however that we need not con- fine our thinking to Philippides alone. The need for caution is underlined still further by Stephen Halliwell’s work on the question of political and legal censor- ship of Athenian comedy. keywords: 302/1; aristophanes; athenian; athens; cleon; comedy; demetrius; dionysia; history; hypotheses; ii2; lachares; lines; menander; p.oxy; philippides; play; poet; poliorcetes; stratocles cache: grbs-1081.pdf plain text: grbs-1081.txt item: #88 of 1726 id: grbs-10811 author: Seeck, Gustav A. title: Euripides, Medea 1059-68: a Problem of Interpretation date: 1968 words: 7743 flesch: 76 summary: Pohlenz passes from B (step 3) to A (life in Corinth); but then, he thinks, Medea realizes that A actually means B' (death in Corinth). He adds, therefore, that the step from A' to B is so conclusive that Medea cannot return to A'. keywords: children; death; euripides; interpretation; lines; meaning; medea; plan; problem; scene; solution cache: grbs-10811.pdf plain text: grbs-10811.txt item: #89 of 1726 id: grbs-10821 author: Huxley, George title: On Fragments of Three Historians date: 1968 words: 4544 flesch: 65 summary: So, I submit, the earliest and the most popular of the Attic-born Atthidographers, relying on his authority as Exegetes, produced the needed document, the 'Themisto­ kles decree'. Writing at this very time Theopompos of Chi os accused the Athenians of deluding the Greeks with exaggerated historical claims and with forged decrees. keywords: antiochos; b.c; decree; fgrhist; herodotos; kleidemos; plutarch; source; text; themistokles; xenophanes cache: grbs-10821.pdf plain text: grbs-10821.txt item: #90 of 1726 id: grbs-10831 author: Segal, Charles title: The Embassy and the Duals of Iliad 9.182-98 date: 1968 words: 6082 flesch: 69 summary: By recalling at the outset of the embassy (182ff) that initial insult, Homer predisposes the entire embassy-scene (which is, after all, our first view of Achilles in action since Book 1) in Achilles' favor and makes his hero's refusal of Agamemnon's offer more plausible. The duals of 197-98, I suggest, are Homer's way of handling this tension at the decisive point where Achilles has actually to address the envoys. keywords: achilles; agamemnon; boll; book; der; duals; embassy; heralds; homer; iliad; lines; odysseus; official; phoenix; supra cache: grbs-10831.pdf plain text: grbs-10831.txt item: #91 of 1726 id: grbs-10841 author: Bertman, Stephen title: Structural Symmetry at the End of the Odyssey date: 1968 words: 3035 flesch: 68 summary: Laertes tells Odysseus of his fear concerning the Ithacans; Odysseus com­ forts him and urges that they go to the farmhouse (349-360) (1) Odysseus and Laertes come to the farmhouse (361-362) (3) [Athena bids Odysseus cease (541-544) keywords: book; odysseus; odyssey; penelope; poem cache: grbs-10841.pdf plain text: grbs-10841.txt item: #92 of 1726 id: grbs-10851 author: Lloyd-Jones, Hugh title: The Cologne Fragment of Alcaeus date: 1968 words: 6640 flesch: 79 summary: €'Xwv POxy. 17 ES vavov (e.g.) Page, Kassel 18 ~wr€aJat vel av8p€a]at Merkelbach: 9varot]at vel fJporot] at Page 19 8€wora]ra Merkelbach: 1TtKpora]ra vel alvora]ra Page, S&A pp.283-84; p.aKapwv om. I have little to contribute in the way of new readings, and owe much of the material here presented to Merkel­ bach's publication and to the commentary on a fragment of the same poem given by Page in Sappho and Alcaeus;2 readers will find it useful to have Merkelbach's publication in hand while studying this article. keywords: ajax; alcaeus; athene; cassandra; form; fragment; jones; lloyd; lobel; merkelbach; oxford; page; poxy; sappho; sense; verb; word cache: grbs-10851.pdf plain text: grbs-10851.txt item: #93 of 1726 id: grbs-10861 author: Eddy, Samuel K. title: Athens’ Peacetime Navy in the Age of Perikles date: 1968 words: 7107 flesch: 73 summary: Perhaps, however, before the Samian War the Athenians had fewer than 300 ships, and, as a result of the loss of the services of the Samian fleet in 439, the number of new ships built was increased from H. A. Thompson, A Golden Nike from the Athenian Agora, in Athenian Studies presenud to William Scott Ferguson (HSCP Suppl. But we can still estimate the expense of new ships within limits: if the state paid one talent for each of ten ships, it was 10 talents; if two talents for fifteen, 30 talents. keywords: athenian; athens; cost; fleet; gomme; navy; new; number; perikles; ships; talents; thuc; year cache: grbs-10861.pdf plain text: grbs-10861.txt item: #94 of 1726 id: grbs-10871 author: Mosley, D. J. title: Leon and Timagoras: Co-envoys for Four Years? date: 1968 words: 1716 flesch: 71 summary: If the comment of Demosthenes is a gross exaggeration, that would in any case cause no surprise, but embassies to Persia especially lent themselves to such exaggeration or assertions of scandal. In 408/7 Athenian envoys to Persia were ordered by Cyrus to be detained for three years,28 and Strabo (18.1.19) tells us that the Persians had a reputation for leading embassies around in circles. keywords: leon; persia; timagoras; years cache: grbs-10871.pdf plain text: grbs-10871.txt item: #95 of 1726 id: grbs-10881 author: Arnott, W. Geoffrey title: Studies in Comedy, I: Alexis and the Parasite’s Name date: 1968 words: 3244 flesch: 69 summary: Athenaeus (6.236E) quotes from Eupolis' Kolakes, produced in 421 B.C., a fragment of the parabasis (fr.159 Kock) in which the chorus describe their ways; and their ways are typical of comic parasites of all periods. 61ff (on the Phormio type of parasite; with a postscript in CW22 keywords: alexis; araros; athenaeus; century; comedy; kock; parasite; supra; use; word cache: grbs-10881.pdf plain text: grbs-10881.txt item: #96 of 1726 id: grbs-10891 author: Ludwig, Walther title: The Originality of Terence and his Greek Models date: 1968 words: 6239 flesch: 63 summary: When Terence omits the name of an Athenian suburb and instead writes in his regionibus, it is certainly paying too much honor to this modification to see in such an avoidance of a reference too specifically Greek a search for the universal.13 Naturally Terence left out Greek place-names and customs which meant nothing to his public, as far as he could do so without harm to the intelligibility of the action. If one observes this compromising tendency of Terence, one is in no danger of accepting the widespread idea that he is responsible for a fundamental humanizing and deepening of his models and that his use of contaminatio was guided by a humane aesthetic ideal.10 Further consideration of the way in which Terence combined parts of a second Greek play with his primary model may save us from another error. keywords: die; greek; menander; models; n.3; new; op.cit; originality; play; roman; scene; stage; supra; terence; terenz; und cache: grbs-10891.pdf plain text: grbs-10891.txt item: #97 of 1726 id: grbs-10901 author: Cummings, John T. title: Lexical Notes on St Gregory Nazianzen date: 1968 words: 3541 flesch: 78 summary: XpLUTtfJ-L1TOpO~ 1756 \ A.. \ c;> \ \ \ \ X ' T01l GVP'f'€oT01l O€o TOil 7T01\V1I ptGT€ofL7TOpW1I ••• 'Christ-monger'.22 2. U£T6JV 1267 • ~, \ , '{} , ••• Ot OE I\EVKOt 7TpOS EpOS· \ , l ''' (J' -I.. '\ al\WS TtV E XEV, TOVS OE 7J(J.wv ns 'fJtI\Os· ~~' f ~, I Ot 0 EKptVOVTO, Ot OE atTWVWV Eaw, f ~'1 ..... keywords: cummings; gregory; kat; lampe; manuscripts; meaning; passage; reading; word cache: grbs-10901.pdf plain text: grbs-10901.txt item: #98 of 1726 id: grbs-1091 author: Roselli, David Kawalko title: Theorika in Fifth-Century Athens date: 2009 words: 10501 flesch: 64 summary: In addition to payment for the courts, the payment of state funds for bouleutai, overseas officials, and various magistracies is further attested in the fifth century.17 Plutarch’s description of the distribution of public funds to attend festivals (theorika) is consistent with contemporary evidence for the dikastikon and other payments passed by the ekklesia in the fifth century. 30 THEORIKA IN FIFTH-CENTURY ATHENS torical moments in the theater dole: (1) ad hoc distributions of state funds for festivals (designed in part as a replacement for other suspended forms of misthophoria) and (2) the institution of a permanent Theoric Fund. keywords: athens; book; century; discussion; distributions; eubulus; evidence; festivals; funds; obols; pericles; philochorus; public; reference; rhodes; state; theater; theoric; theoric fund; theorika; theorikon cache: grbs-1091.pdf plain text: grbs-1091.txt item: #99 of 1726 id: grbs-10911 author: Merlan, Philip title: Ammonius Hermiae, Zacharias Scholasticus and Boethius date: 1968 words: 4638 flesch: 63 summary: 193 Ammonius Hermiae, Zacharias Scholasticus and Boethius Philip M erlan I N HIS Ammonius,l Zacharias tells us that from Alexandria a young man arrived in Berytus one day to devote himself to the study of jurisprudence. And to familiarize oneself with the spirit of his school a study of Zacharias' Ammonius is most helpful-despite the fact that it was written to belittle Ammonius-if read as it should be, viZ. as essentially a historical document.36 If in addition we remind ourselves that Ammonius Hermiae in all likelihood became a Christian37 (i.e. was baptized) and that Gesius became another38-whatever their motives and whatever their subsequent conduct in life and in teach­ ing-this also should help us to see in proper perspective the possi­ bility that Boethius did indeed lapse from Christianity. keywords: ammonius; aristotle; boethius; christian; cosmos; doctrine; eternity; gesius; knowledge; plato; problem; zacharias cache: grbs-10911.pdf plain text: grbs-10911.txt item: #100 of 1726 id: grbs-10921 author: Willis, William H. title: A Census of the Literary Papyri from Egypt date: 1968 words: 10906 flesch: 58 summary: Papinian X X X X 1 1 Paulust X X X X 2 2 Ulpian X X X X 1 1 1 1 4 Theodosian Code X X X X X X X 2 1 3 --- Digestt X X X X X X X X 2 2 * 1 1 Cicero, Orations x X 1 1 4 1 7 Juvenal X X X 1 1 Livy X X 2 2 Lucan X X X 1 1 Sallust X X 1 3 1 5 --- Terence X 1 1 2 Vergil: Eclogues X X 1 1 --- Georgics X X 1 1 2 Aeneid X X 5 6 2 13 --- (All Vergil)* X X (1) (6) (7) (2) (16) --- LEGAL TEXTS Gaius X X X X 1 1 2 keywords: authors; byzantine; century; copyright; egypt; greek; papyri; ptolemaic; roman; table; texts; vii cache: grbs-10921.pdf plain text: grbs-10921.txt item: #101 of 1726 id: grbs-10931 author: Beck, Curt W.; Southard, Gretchen C.; Adams, Audrey B. title: Analysis and Provenience of Minoan and Mycenaean Amber, II. Tiryns date: 2011 words: 5255 flesch: 62 summary: Kar04 described them as a pair of curious, wheel-shaped ornaments of goldwire, the spokes of which are set with amber beads. He added that the hoard yielded sufficient additional gold wire and amber beads to account for a second pair, and suggested that they may have served as Schlafenschmuck like the wheels covering the ears of the lady of Elche.5 In his first note, Karo6 supplied a photograph giving an axial view of one wheel containing seven amber beads (now Athens National Museum no. 6217b) and a side view of the other (now Athens National Museum no. 6217a) in which the amber cannot be seen clearly. keywords: absorption; amber; baltic; beads; gold; infrared; karo; museum; spectra; supra; tiryns cache: grbs-10931.pdf plain text: grbs-10931.txt item: #102 of 1726 id: grbs-10941 author: Weiler, Ingomar title: Greek and Non-Greek World in the Archaic Period date: 2011 words: 4287 flesch: 69 summary: Above all, this collection is concerned with interpreting the relationship between the Greek and the non-Greek world, going more into detail than for example the meritorious studies of J. Juthner and U. Wilcken.2 Thus H. Schwabl in his introductory treatise (not men­ tioned by Finley) examines the notion the Greeks had of the foreign world, basing his observations on the literary works of the archaic period. 21 22 GREEK AND NON-GREEK WORLD IN THE ARCHAIC PERIOD Greeks is not prominent then. keywords: barbarians; der; greek; hellas; hellenes; herodotus; non; persian; supra; time; world cache: grbs-10941.pdf plain text: grbs-10941.txt item: #103 of 1726 id: grbs-10951 author: Segal, Charles title: Two Agonistic Problems in Pindar, Nemean 7.70-74 and Pythian 1.42-45 date: 2011 words: 6386 flesch: 66 summary: Two Agonistic Problems in Pindar, Nemean 7.70-74 and Pythian 1.42-45 Segal, Charles Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1968; 9, 1; ProQuest pg. 31 Two Agonistic Problems in Pindar, Nemean 7.70-74 and pythian 1.42-45 Charles Segal I GOTTFRIED HERMANN in 1822 offered a clue to a satisfactory interpretation of lines 70-74 of the Seventh Nemean. keywords: contest; floyd; hermann; javelin; line; meaning; passage; pindar; sogenes; supra; throw; verb; victory; view; wrestling cache: grbs-10951.pdf plain text: grbs-10951.txt item: #104 of 1726 id: grbs-10961 author: Huxley, George title: Glaukos of Rhegion date: 2011 words: 3174 flesch: 75 summary: 665, as I have suggested,29 then Klonas, Tyr­ taios and the introduction of the Ionian elegiac distich to Peloponnese may all be earlier than Archilochos, who flourished about the middle of the seventh century B.C.30 Glaukos may well have regarded Klonas and Tyrtaios as slightly earlier than the Parian poet, placing them a little later than Terpander, who, according to Hellanikos,31 was a victor at the Spartan Karneia in 676. \ F.'\ ~ p A \ \ V ayopLKWV TLVOS aKovO'aL 'f'YJULV aVTOV l\aVKOS 0 YJYLVOS KaTa TOVS aVTOVS XPOVOVS aVT \ \ ' keywords: athena; break; character; departure; entry; euripides; greeks; hekabe; helen; opening; play; poseidon; prologue; rhesis; scene; stage; troades cache: grbs-11141.pdf plain text: grbs-11141.txt item: #126 of 1726 id: grbs-11151 author: Coulter, James A. title: Phaedrus 279A: The Praise of Isocrates date: 1967 words: 5437 flesch: 63 summary: And one point to which he recurred was his unambiguous view that the sort of philosophy, i.e. logic, epistemology and metaphysics, sees Plato as extending to Isocrates praise, which though conditioned by Plato's belief in the superiority of dialectic over rhetoric, is still sincere and well intentioned. 225 Phaedrus 279 A: The Praise of Isocrates James A. Coulter I s SOCRATES' praise of Isocrates at the end of the Phaedrus sincere? keywords: alcidamas; antisthenes; contra; isocrates; passage; phaedrus; plato; praise; speeches; work cache: grbs-11151.pdf plain text: grbs-11151.txt item: #127 of 1726 id: grbs-11161 author: Oliver, James H. title: Epigramma Magni Monumenti, IG IX ii 1135 date: 1967 words: 1084 flesch: 79 summary: 1 W. Peek, Ein unbekannter Besieger der Galater, Klio 42 (1964) 319-27. 237 238 EPIGRAMMA MAGNI MOMENTI, IG IX ii 1135 The inscription with Peek's attractive restoration of the first four lines honors a man addressed at the beginning of line 3 with the prae­ nomen, which Peek reads as Caius and I as Aulus. Kern and Peek 1 have done much to re-establish the text, but room for improvement still remains. keywords: didius; kern; oliver; peek cache: grbs-11161.pdf plain text: grbs-11161.txt item: #128 of 1726 id: grbs-11171 author: McCail, Ronald C. title: The Earthquake of A.D. 551 and the Birth-date of Agathias date: 1967 words: 3222 flesch: 71 summary: I 'I: • () ~, \, .. , ~ I aVaTTI\€a Kat, TTpaYJLaTWV €~ €W tVOV JL€Xpt KaL €S 7]I\LOV KaTaOVVTa , , ~ \' €KJL€I\€TW KaL aV€I\LTTW • • ., and especially 237, 6ff: \ \ )_ \ '\' ,~, c\ , ~ ' , , TTI\7]V (XI\I\ OVO ws UV7]uw TOVJLOV OVO€ aTToTTavuoJLaL €UT ' r JI, I t r I av 0 €pWS JL€ aYn, €L KaL JLot ns V€JL€U7]U€t€V WS VTT€PT€PWV './.. 20 Agathias is using the Patria of Tralles,21 and is correct in his assertion that Augustus was in Cantabria when the Trallean envoy Chaeremon sought him.22 Agathias claims to have seen Chaeremon's monument outside Tralles and quotes the verse inscription which it bears (mention of Tralles thus allows him to introduce more of his own personal testimony). keywords: a.d; agathias; date; earthquake; kal; kat; stein; supra; time cache: grbs-11171.pdf plain text: grbs-11171.txt item: #129 of 1726 id: grbs-11181 author: Huxley, George title: The Ancient Name of Zakro date: 1967 words: 1209 flesch: 71 summary: Strabo (10.3.20, C 472) comparing place names in the Troad with similar names in Crete, remarks that Dikte was a place (ro7Tos) in the territory ofSkepsis but a mountain in Crete. The most imposing mountain in eastern Crete is Modhi, an eminence which has been plausibly identified with Dikte, and the sanctuary of Diktaian Zeus almost certainly lay near Palaikastro in the far east, where his famous hymn was excavated.5 keywords: crete; dikte; mountain; zakro cache: grbs-11181.pdf plain text: grbs-11181.txt item: #130 of 1726 id: grbs-11191 author: Huxley, George title: A Poem of the Ainianes date: 1967 words: 1709 flesch: 79 summary: It is fitting that Aphrodite-Pasiphaessa blessed the love of Herakles at Dodona, because Aphrodite was the daughter of Dione,6 who was the special consort of Zeus at Dodona.7 Dione's kinship with Aphrodite is recalled by Theokritos (15.106) in the Adoniazousai by the invocation KV7Tpt Lhwvala or Lltavala.8 Pasiphae or Pasiphaessa, who in her mortal guise was a wife of Minos,9 may well be a Greek memory of a Minoan goddess. In vA the name of the child of Herakles and Erythe is needed and the correction to 'Epv(}ovTa gives good sense, though a hero of this name is, so far as I know, otherwise unknown. keywords: ainianes; aphrodite; herakles; poem cache: grbs-11191.pdf plain text: grbs-11191.txt item: #131 of 1726 id: grbs-11201 author: Holloway, R. Ross title: Panhellenism in the Sculptures of the Zeus Temple at Olympia date: 1967 words: 3529 flesch: 67 summary: E71'0tTJUE OE EfLoL OOKELV 'TaV'Ta 0 IlKafLEVTJS', E£pL OVV 'T€ €£Va£ A' ,,, - '0' ' ~ ~ I '£'I It LlLOS' EV E71'EUL 'TO£S' fLTJpov uEowaYfLEvoS' Ka£ i!:!JTJuEa E71'LU'TafLEvoS' WS' ELTJ 'TETap'ToS' < amj) II''071'0S' ~' 0 \ I , 'R \ , , \ \ ' - ,-Eun uE EV IlvfL71'L~ KaL paKIlEovS' 'Ta 71'0lllla 'TWV EpyWV. 71'pOS' aVT

ayta. keywords: abv; altar; amphora; animal; aristotle; athens; berlin; bull; burkert; comedy; death; der; des; die; dionysia; dionysus; evidence; fact; festival; figure; goat; greek; killing; life; man; meuli; n.34; op.cit; origin; oxford; patzer; play; pohlenz; rites; ritual; sacrifice; satyr; schol; supra; theory; tradition; tragedy; und; vase; victim; walter; word cache: grbs-11461.pdf plain text: grbs-11461.txt item: #161 of 1726 id: grbs-11471 author: Pritchett, W. Kendrick title: The Top of the Lapis Primus date: 1966 words: 3253 flesch: 74 summary: I N Historia 13 (1964) 129-134, I reported the results of my inspection of the top surface of fragments 1, 3, and 4 of the First Stele of the Tribute Quota-Lists. In August 1965, the Director of the Epigraphical Museum, Dr Markellos Mitsos, kindly dismantled the upper part of the stele for me, and I studied and photographed the fragments in the open courtyard.1 PLATE 6, figure 1, shows the ridge as it appears on the top surface of fragment 4. PLATE 7, figure 3, shows at the left the smoothly dressed band, as it is preserved on fragment 3. PLATE 6, figure 2, is another photograph of fragment 4, this time from above, illustrating the band at the bottom of the picture with a cutting at the top. keywords: band; figure; fragment; line; surface cache: grbs-11471.pdf plain text: grbs-11471.txt item: #162 of 1726 id: grbs-11481 author: Lloyd-Jones, Hugh title: Menander’s Sikyonios date: 1966 words: 10765 flesch: 82 summary: TOV; 130 ] \ ~ f} -- 'i:: \ \ , , • TE/\EVTwa EV ao, TO aov YEVOS' E ]ypa~EV. I ..... \ \ ,... /:' TO TOV O'TpanWTOV aXTJ/La Kat TO TOV ~EVOV. keywords: father; girl; hugh; jones; kassel; kat; kichesias; lines; lloyd; man; menander; person; play; prologue; pyrrhias; scene; sikyonios; slave; smikrines; speaker; speech; stratophanes; theron; tov cache: grbs-11481.pdf plain text: grbs-11481.txt item: #163 of 1726 id: grbs-11491 author: Milns, R. D. title: Alexander’s Seventh Phalanx Battalion date: 1966 words: 3517 flesch: 65 summary: R. D. MILNS 165 going to meet in Persis, with the need for a large detachment of Macedonians to garrison the country and a consequent reduction of battalion strength to normal. These are those of Craterus, Amyntas, and Coenus; no other battalions or battalion commanders are mentioned by Arrian either during the pursuit of Darius or in the subsequent operations. keywords: alexander; army; arrian; battalion; battle; phalanx; tarn cache: grbs-11491.pdf plain text: grbs-11491.txt item: #164 of 1726 id: grbs-11501 author: Geanakoplos, Deno John title: Church Building and ‘Caesaropapism,’ A.D. 312-565 date: 1966 words: 9703 flesch: 63 summary: It has been suggested that the literary sources are less than ade­ quate in dealing with this problem and that archeological evidence offers perhaps the surest access to imperial church building, confirm­ ing or disproving the literary evidence. The problem of establishing a correlation between the degree of the emperor's authority over the church, in theory and practice, and the amount and kind of church building accomplished in each reign is obviously a very complex one. keywords: arian; authority; building; caesaropapism; christian; church; church building; churches; constantine; construction; emperor; empire; eusebius; god; justinian; op.cit; policy; reign; state; supra; temples; theodosius cache: grbs-11501.pdf plain text: grbs-11501.txt item: #165 of 1726 id: grbs-1151 author: Lech, Marcel Lysgaard title: The Shape of the Athenian Theatron in the Fifth Century: Overlooked Evidence date: 2009 words: 1208 flesch: 74 summary: Recently H. Goette has presented a reconstruction of a tra- pezoidal theatron and orchestra on the basis of the latest ar- chaelogical research at the site,2 and what I present here is an overlooked piece of literary evidence to support the idea of a rectangular/trapezoidal theatron constructed of wooden benches (ikria).3 It does not, however, throw any light on the form of the orchestra. 1 See M. Revermann, “The Shape of the Athenian Orchestra in the Fifth Century: Forgotten Evidence,” ZPE 128 (1999) 25–28, at 25 n.1; for a short bibliography on the discussion, see now also R. Rehm, The Play of Space: Spatial Transformation in Greek Tragedy (Princeton 2002) keywords: form; orchestra; theatron; use cache: grbs-1151.pdf plain text: grbs-1151.txt item: #166 of 1726 id: grbs-11521 author: Young, Douglas title: Notes on the Text of Pindar date: 1966 words: 6210 flesch: 72 summary: At I 8A2f the paradosis runs: \ \ , .... \ \ \ , \ \ . keywords: bockh; division; douglas; end; error; irigoin; metre; notes; paradosis; pindar; text; uncials; verse; word; young cache: grbs-11521.pdf plain text: grbs-11521.txt item: #167 of 1726 id: grbs-11531 author: Fales, Jr, DeCoursey title: An Unpublished Fragment of Kleitias date: 1966 words: 842 flesch: 68 summary: GORGONEION BY KLEITIAS (Louvre C 167b) A fragment from a cup, probably Gordion in shape and with an interior gorgoneion painted by Kleitias, fitted so nicely the description of the sherd, Louvre C 10246, which Beazley attributed to Kleitias, that I wrote to the Louvre for a photograph of C 10246. keywords: gorgoneion; kleitias; louvre cache: grbs-11531.pdf plain text: grbs-11531.txt item: #168 of 1726 id: grbs-11541 author: Oliver, James H. title: Herodotus 4.153 and SEG IX 3 date: 1966 words: 2067 flesch: 72 summary: In that case SEG IX 3 suggests that the text of Herodotus 4.153 should read: e7JpatoL~ 8~ ,,~ '~\..I..' ., 'Ii:' \..1.. A' '\ \' \ • \ A , EauE aOEI\'f'EOV a: aOEI\'f'EOV 17EJL17ELV 17al\4J l\aXoV7'a KCt.t a170 7'WV XwpWV f' f \ fI ' r I r, ~ ., a17aV7'WV E177'Ct. EOV7'WV Herodotus 4.153 and SEG IX 3 Oliver, James H Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1966; 7, 1; ProQuest pg. 25 Herodotus 4.153 and SEG IX 3 James H. Oliver THE TEXT SEG IX 3 at Cyrene is an inscription of the early fourth century B.C. recording a decree to grant Cyrenaean citizenship to Theraean immigrants on the basis of an ancient agreement concerning those who might emigrate later. keywords: herodotus; number; seg; text cache: grbs-11541.pdf plain text: grbs-11541.txt item: #169 of 1726 id: grbs-11551 author: Calder III, William M. title: A Reconstruction of Sophocles’ Polyxena date: 1966 words: 11296 flesch: 72 summary: 28 See Friedrich, Untersuchungen 103ff. See Friedrich, Untersuchungen 104-107. keywords: achilles; action; agamemnon; antigone; chorus; der; die; euripides; fro; ghost; greek; gruppe; hecuba; pearson; play; polyxena; reconstruction; schmid; seneca; sophocles; stahlin; troades; von; welcker; wilamowitz cache: grbs-11551.pdf plain text: grbs-11551.txt item: #170 of 1726 id: grbs-11561 author: Sherk, Robert K. title: C. Asinius Gallus and his Governorship of Asia date: 1966 words: 2855 flesch: 69 summary: C. Asinius Gallus and his Governorship of Asia Sherk, Robert K Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1966; 7, 1; ProQuest pg. 57 c. Asinius Gallus and his Governorship of Asia Robert K. Sherk We turn now to the other piece of evidence that is cited by modern authorities to show that Asinius Gallus had been governor in 6/5 B.C. This is the famous letter of Augustus to the Cnidians. keywords: asia; asinius; augustus; b.c; gallus; governor; letter; rome cache: grbs-11561.pdf plain text: grbs-11561.txt item: #171 of 1726 id: grbs-11571 author: Thomson, Ian title: Manuel Chrysoloras and the Early Italian Renaissance date: 1966 words: 9036 flesch: 60 summary: It was said that his jealousy drove Chrysoloras out of Florence, but G. Zippel, Niccolo Niccoli (Florence 1890) 75-91, maintains that Niccoli's malice was aimed at John Chrysoloras. Manuel Chrysoloras and the Early Italian Renaissance Thomson, Ian Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1966; 7, 1; ProQuest pg. keywords: bruni; chrysoloras; constantinople; epistolario; florence; greek; guarino; iii; italian; italy; latin; letters; manuel; niccoli; pupils; renaissance; sabbadini; scholars; teacher; thomson; venice; vergerio; west cache: grbs-11571.pdf plain text: grbs-11571.txt item: #172 of 1726 id: grbs-11581 author: Huxley, George title: Xenomedes of Keos date: 1965 words: 4826 flesch: 78 summary: Xenomedes, says Kallimachos, dealt with the mythology of the whole island; so he wrote about all four cities, but not necessarily about their entire history down to his own time, the second half of the fifth century B.C.3 As the words of Kallimachos fLv-ryfLTJ fLV(jol\oyo~ suggest, the work is more likely to have been a Ktisis or Archaiologia of Keos than Horoi. Here the summary of Kallimachos ends, but somewhere Xenomedes must have found room for Euxantios son of Minos because he stated that Akontios was of his line; 6 and the history was brought down to an epoch later than the Ionian migration because Kydippe the Naxian, whom Akontios married, was said by Xenomedes to be of the line of Kodros,6 who was reputed to be the father of emigrant leaders of colonists from Attica to the Cyclades and Asiatic Ionia.7 Somewhere Xenomedes also mentioned Amisodaros the Karian father-in-law of Bellerophon,8 perhaps in connexion with the Karians of Keos. keywords: aristaios; euxantios; fgrhist; island; kallimachos; keian; keos; pindar; sons; xenomedes; zeus cache: grbs-11581.pdf plain text: grbs-11581.txt item: #173 of 1726 id: grbs-11591 author: Young, Douglas title: Some Types of Scribal Error in Manuscripts of Pindar date: 1965 words: 12913 flesch: 76 summary: vLKav V, vLKav D; P 11.30 ac/>avTov ] ac/>CJ.VTos D; P 11.41 p,LUOOLO ] {'LUOciJ Mss; P 11.57 OavaToL' ] OavaTov pIer., OavaTov B; P 12.5 EVOOg

\'~ MEANING LITERARY NON LITERARY LITERARY NON LITERARY a 2 54 15 244 b 2 20 5 15 C 6 20 32 121 d 8 61 2 l3 14 e 7 123 04 0 Leitourgia and Related Terms (II) Lewis, Naphtali Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Fall 1965; 6, 3; ProQuest pg. 227 Leitourgia and Related Terms (II) N aphtali Lewis THE PRECEDING SECTIONS of this study appeared in GRBS 3 (1960) 175-84. keywords: new; occurrences; roman cache: grbs-11701.pdf plain text: grbs-11701.txt item: #186 of 1726 id: grbs-1171 author: Sammons, Benjamin title: Agamemnon and His Audiences date: 2009 words: 10247 flesch: 64 summary: But groaning heavily, powerful Agamemnon spoke among them taking Menelaus by the hand, while companions lamented for him. For in saving Menelaus from certain destruction, Agamemnon simul- taneously entices the Achaean champions into undertaking the same risk. keywords: achaean; achilles; agamemnon; army; audience; benjamin; book; brother; hand; hector; homer; iliad; menelaus; narrative; poet; public; sammons; speech; trojans; war; way; καὶ cache: grbs-1171.pdf plain text: grbs-1171.txt item: #187 of 1726 id: grbs-11711 author: Bieber, Margarete title: New Trends in the New Books on Ancient Art, 1958-1964 date: 1965 words: 29387 flesch: 66 summary: Therefore Berta Sarlle in 1958 had to remodel entirely the section on the art of the Romans and to complete it with the results of the excavations and research of the last decades of our era.50 These new studies extend not only to Rome but to Etruscan art, including the time of the kings and the early Roman Republic; to Greek art in Magna Graecia, the Greek mainland, and Asia Minor; finally, to Egypt and all the countries conquered by the Romans during the later Republican and imperial periods, when Africa, the Middle East, and northern Europe accepted Roman art on becoming pro­ vinces of the Roman Empire. 108 NEW TRENDS IN THE NEW BOOKS ON ANCIENT ART, 1958-1964 from Augustus to Constantine the Great, Rom und sein Imperium.59 In the first part, the main characteristics of Roman art are discussed, particularly its differences from Greek art. keywords: ancient; architecture; art; author; b.c; berlin; bibliography; bieber; book; british; bronze; catalogue; century; chapter; coins; color; date; der; etruscan; example; figs; form; greek; head; hellenistic; history; ills; illustrations; life; margarete; monuments; mosaics; museum; new; nos; painting; period; photographs; pis; plates; portraits; roman; rome; sculpture; second; statues; style; text; trends; vases; works; york cache: grbs-11711.pdf plain text: grbs-11711.txt item: #188 of 1726 id: grbs-11721 author: Oliver, James H. title: Texts A and B of the Horothesia Dossier at Istros date: 1965 words: 5824 flesch: 78 summary: [0 ' A • \ I 'J \ l' \ \ , [ ] 7TpEO'fJELav, 0 KaL OL av'TOV /LOVOV 'TOV ~afJELVOV a 0'- /LEVWS av €1Tol7JO'a· ~eLOV'T€ DE Kat 'TO: TfjS IIdJK7Js V/LE<'iv> OLIVER PLATE 2 HOROTHESIA DOSSIER keywords: a.d; dessau; dossier; epistle; greek; histrians; horothesia; istros; kat; laberius; legate; maximus; oliver; parvan; pippidi; text; tov; twv; wilhelm cache: grbs-11721.pdf plain text: grbs-11721.txt item: #189 of 1726 id: grbs-11731 author: Kristeller, Paul Oskar title: Renaissance Aristotelianism date: 1965 words: 7746 flesch: 42 summary: The school tradition of the lectura and the disputatio also produced a special type of formalized reasoning and of accumulated arguments that is known as the scholastic method, a method that was not peculiar to Aristotelian philosophy, but had its counterparts in other branches of mediaeval learning such as theology or juris­ prudence. For a criticism of Duhem. 162 RENAISSANCE ARISTOTELIANISM ing of Aristotelian philosophy at the French and English universities was continued, but its nature and extent have not yet been fully explored. keywords: aristotelian; aristotle; century; kristeller; logic; new; period; philosophers; philosophy; physics; pomponazzi; position; renaissance; school; theology; thought cache: grbs-11731.pdf plain text: grbs-11731.txt item: #190 of 1726 id: grbs-11741 author: Davison, J. A. title: Thucydides, Homer and the ‘Achaean Wall’ date: 1965 words: 11328 flesch: 52 summary: Thucydides' idea of how the campaign ought to have developed shows that, allowing for his tendency to think in fifth-century terms (e.g., circumvallation), his picture of the actual state of affairs prevail­ ing in the Achaean camp before Ilios is not so very different from the one which we gather from our texts of the Iliad: a first battle on land­ ing, and after that no direct operations against Ilios-reconnaissances, perhaps, and negotiations (as in Iliad 3.305ff), but otherwise only piratical raids of the type organized by Achilles [Iliad 9.328-9] and per­ haps also by Odysseus (else how had he come by the title 71'TOAllTop8o~, which he already has in Iliad 2.278, and which he alone of the Achaean heroes shares with Achilles?).7 For the military explanation of this 7 Odysseus' title may be anticipatory; by his share in the taking of Troy Odysseus will become the champion TTTO>.tTTOp8os of the age. It is thus legitimate for the student of the part played by Athens in the preservation and dissemination to suggest that apparent resemblances between Homeric and Attic usages are as likely to be due to Attic imitation of Homer as to 'Homeric' imitation of Athens: 'Peisistratos' may have devised the peplos ritual and commissioned a seated statue of Athena after reading or hearing Iliad 6,23 and 'Kimon' may have been given the idea of bringing his men's ashes home from the North Aegean by Iliad 7. keywords: achaeans; book; camp; day; evidence; fighting; homer; homeric; iliad; lines; nestor; page; ships; text; thucydides; trojans; wall cache: grbs-11741.pdf plain text: grbs-11741.txt item: #191 of 1726 id: grbs-11751 author: Huxley, George title: Ion of Chios date: 1965 words: 7884 flesch: 73 summary: Such a division of the land recalls the 7TVPYO' or very ancient demesnes of Teos into which the land was for long divided.39 By making Athamas come from Chios Ion was attemp­ ting to stake a prior Chiot claim to territories in mainland Ionia. For Sophocles Ion felt affection and sympathy. keywords: athenaeus; athenian; athens; author; blumenthal; chios; cimon; evidence; fragment; ion; ionian; line; papyrus; pericles; plutarch; poet; socrates; sophocles; von; words cache: grbs-11751.pdf plain text: grbs-11751.txt item: #192 of 1726 id: grbs-11761 author: Huxley, George title: An Inscription in Kythera date: 1965 words: 935 flesch: 81 summary: [Herodotos 1.82.2]; but by the time our inscription was cut Kythera had almost certainly become a Spartan possession, and it is worth noting that Apollo Maleatas was worshipped in Sparta as well as in Epidauros.7 At the sanctuary of Asklepios in Peiraieus offerings were made to Apollo and Maleatas separately, a fact which suggests that Maleatas was originally a distinct god or hero;8 but that the name Maleatas and its use as an 3 ibid. Malos of Kythera therefore remains unidentified: he need have nothing to do with Malos of Epidauros. keywords: inscription; kythera; laconian; malos cache: grbs-11761.pdf plain text: grbs-11761.txt item: #193 of 1726 id: grbs-11771 author: Oliver, James H. title: Athens and Roman Problems around Moesia date: 1965 words: 1737 flesch: 68 summary: The chief importance of Thrace to the Athenians and of Moesia to the Byzantines seems to have been the grain which these provinces produced. In general see John Day, An Economic History of Athens under Roman Domination (New York 1942) 162-4, but Day has not claimed Thrace or Moesia as a source of grain for Athens. keywords: a.d; athens; catus; macedonia; moesia; proconsul; thrace cache: grbs-11771.pdf plain text: grbs-11771.txt item: #194 of 1726 id: grbs-11781 author: Downey, Glanville title: The Perspective of the Early Church Historians date: 1965 words: 6160 flesch: 52 summary: So our interest in the church historians who wrote in the fifth and sixth centuries, Socrates, Sozomen and Evagrius, is not only in their accounts of an epoch-making period in the history of the early church, but in their understanding of the nature of church history at a time when church history itself was a relatively new subject. Socrates, then, believed that there was a need for church history, not solely or primarily as a history of the church as an institution and of its internal affairs, but as an account of the church as an element of stability in the life of the state as a whole. keywords: christian; church; church history; emperor; eusebius; evagrius; history; pagan; socrates; sozomen; work cache: grbs-11781.pdf plain text: grbs-11781.txt item: #195 of 1726 id: grbs-11791 author: Reckford, Kenneth J. title: Helen in the Iliad date: 1964 words: 7516 flesch: 65 summary: So far we have been examining one aspect of Homer's art: the con­ sistency of his portrayal of Helen, the control with which he weaves different threads of story into the unity of the Iliad. In simpler narratives, as reflected in the Iliupersis and Little Iliad, the stolen bride was returned and peace thus concluded.15 In the Iliad, Helen is not restored. keywords: achilles; aphrodite; appeal; book; gods; hector; helen; homer; iliad; op.cit; paris; parry; story; supra; themes; war cache: grbs-11791.pdf plain text: grbs-11791.txt item: #196 of 1726 id: grbs-11801 author: Evans, J. A. S. title: The “Final Problem” at Thermopylae date: 1964 words: 3123 flesch: 68 summary: The Final Problem at Thermopylae Evans, J A S Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1964; 5, 4; ProQuest pg. 231 The Final Problem at Thermopylae J. A. S. Evans THE FINAL PROBLEM of Thermopylae has been neatly defined by How and Wells, HWhat was the purpose of Leonidas clinging to his position at Thermopylae when it had apparently become untenable ? These scouts reached Leonidas 7JSTJ S,acpavova7JS ~fL~PTJs [7.219.2]; it must have been already daylight when they first spotted the Persian Immortals, and when they reached Leonidas, dawn was already past. keywords: allies; greek; herodotus; leonidas; sparta; thermopylae cache: grbs-11801.pdf plain text: grbs-11801.txt item: #197 of 1726 id: grbs-1181 author: Alwine, Andrew T. title: The Non-Homeric Cyclops in the Homeric Odyssey date: 2009 words: 4116 flesch: 57 summary: In John of Antioch (48.2) and John Malalas (5.17), Odysseus wars with each of the three brothers in succession. 20 Dictys Cretensis may also imply that the Cyclopes held Odysseus in captivity in the brief notice that he “suffered many indignities” (multa indigna expertus, 6.5). For god-like Odysseus has not yet died on the earth, but he is, I believe, still alive and on a sea-girt island, held back on the wide sea; cruel men are restraining him, wild men, who, I believe, hold him back against his will.1 HIS STATEMENT BY ATHENA should strike a reader who is familiar with the rest of the Homeric Odyssey as strange. keywords: athena; cyclopes; daughter; homeric; island; john; men; narrative; odysseus; odyssey; polyphemus; story; tradition cache: grbs-1181.pdf plain text: grbs-1181.txt item: #198 of 1726 id: grbs-11811 author: Walbank, Frank W. title: Polybius and the Roman State date: 1964 words: 9552 flesch: 58 summary: FRANK W. WALBANK 241 fought only just wars, would have suffered rude violence from the acceptance of such a thesis; and fortunately by the second century, when the Romans found themselves on the defensive about their imperial motives, the Stoics were already at hand to help them out with the comfortable doctrine that the Roman empire was the reward of Roman virtue, and an instrument of justice benefiting ruler and ruled impartially.6 Polybius was not blind to these considerations, and he has some pertinent remarks on Roman morals and Roman morale. According to Polybius,l Scipio Africanus in his speech before Zama promised his men that if they were victorious, they would gain for themselves and their country undisputed command and sovereignty over the rest of the world. keywords: book; carthage; change; constitution; frank; greek; history; men; plato; polybius; power; roman; rome; scipio; state; time; walbank; war; world cache: grbs-11811.pdf plain text: grbs-11811.txt item: #199 of 1726 id: grbs-11821 author: White, Donald title: Demeter’s Sicilian Cult as a Political Instrument date: 1964 words: 8355 flesch: 67 summary: A generalized similarity between the coin portraits of Hieron's wife, Philistis, and the veiled-goddess type of Demeter portrait has long been noted.28 As is the case with the familiar Demeter of Cnidus and other large-scale votives,29 Philistis is depicted in profile with her head partially veiled by her himation.30 The allusion to Demeter is made more probable by the symbol placed behind the neck, re­ presenting in some instances an ear of wheat and a torch in others.31 Another feature long recognized in connection with Hieron's coinage is its close affinity to the coins of Ptolemy II Philadelphos. For the recently discovered group of Demeter votives found under the Piazza S. Francesco in Catane, see G. Rizza, Stipe votiva di un santuario di Demetra a Catania, BdA Ser. keywords: b.c; city; cult; demeter; evidence; gela; gelon; goddesses; greek; hieron; island; morgantina; op.cit; room; sanctuary; sicily; syracuse; time cache: grbs-11821.pdf plain text: grbs-11821.txt item: #200 of 1726 id: grbs-11831 author: Curran, Leo C. title: Greek Words and Myth in Propertius 1.20 date: 1964 words: 5090 flesch: 62 summary: ibat Hylas, ibat Hamadryasin. Certain elements of the Hylas myth, especi­ ally the boy's name and the role of water, are transmuted from mere particulars in a narrative into images and motifs that reverberate through the poem. keywords: boy; greek; hylas; latin; myth; nymphs; poem; poet; propertius; rhyme; roman; sounds; story; water; words cache: grbs-11831.pdf plain text: grbs-11831.txt item: #201 of 1726 id: grbs-11841 author: Sherk, Robert K. title: An Epitaph in the Museum at Alexandria date: 1964 words: 4478 flesch: 75 summary: VI.926, line 7, but Cronen thought of < E)TJ8&[ no]S'. Although one may easily criticize a few of the restorations, especially in lines 3-5, the intent of the epitaph appears to be as Peek has suggested. keywords: alexandria; breccia; deceased; egypt; epitaph; greek; horses; lines; museum; op.cit; peek; stone; wilbour cache: grbs-11841.pdf plain text: grbs-11841.txt item: #202 of 1726 id: grbs-11851 author: Raubitschek, Antony E. title: The Treaties between Persia and Athens date: 1964 words: 3930 flesch: 55 summary: Oath and treaty are contrasted in one and the same sentence which has but one verb; Theopompus challenges here the Hellenic patriotism and the sincerity of the Athenians. This passage, as well as that other about the famous shield signal (6.121-131), has given rise to a pro­ tracted debate about the existence in Athens of a pro-Persian party.6 What is important is the fact that the Athenians wished to conclude an alliance with Persia which should protect them against an impend­ ing Spartan attack, and that the ambassadors actually concluded an alliance by offering on their own account submission to Dareios. keywords: athenians; athens; dareios; peace; pericles; persia; thucydides; treaty cache: grbs-11851.pdf plain text: grbs-11851.txt item: #203 of 1726 id: grbs-11861 author: Wycherley, R. E. title: The Olympieion at Athens date: 1964 words: 9010 flesch: 71 summary: ApPENDIX Synopsis of Zeus Cults at Athens This note is prompted by a remark of Welter,1 who says The building of such a gigantic Zeus-temple at Athens is surprising, since at Athens Zeus in relation to Athena played a wholly subsidiary (beilaufige) role, and in popularity could not compete with her or with many other gods. A. B. Cook, in his discussion of the mountain-top cults of Zeus and of Epakrios in particular, is doubtful about the restoration (Zeus II keywords: agora; athens; bevier; building; columns; cook; evidence; great; hadrian; hesperia; iii; judeich; olympieion; penrose; shrine; temple; welter; work; zeus cache: grbs-11861.pdf plain text: grbs-11861.txt item: #204 of 1726 id: grbs-11871 author: Clausen, Wendell title: Callimachus and Latin Poetry date: 1964 words: 6510 flesch: 64 summary: The attitude of Callimachus to Hesiod and Homer has sometimes been misunderstood: for Callimachus Hesiod was imitable, Homer inimitable. Cinna, Calvus, Catullus, Gallus, Virgil, Propertius-their imaginations were captivated by Callimachus; but for his poetry and the esthetic attitudes expressed or implied in it, much of what they wrote could not have been written; and Latin poetry would be very different. keywords: annales; callimachean; callimachus; cinna; eclogue; ennius; epic; greek; hesiod; homer; latin; parthenius; poem; poetry; poets; verses; virgil cache: grbs-11871.pdf plain text: grbs-11871.txt item: #205 of 1726 id: grbs-11881 author: Coulter, James A. title: Περὶ Ὕψους 3.3-4 and Aristotle’s Theory of the Mean date: 1964 words: 7991 flesch: 65 summary: The author in Longinus flees (cpEVyOVT€S 3.3) from and an early-third-century copyist of Demosthenes Or. 21 consistently writes ALT_.16 keywords: b.c; century; greek; inscriptions; leitourgia; papyri; sense; service; spelling; term cache: grbs-12341.pdf plain text: grbs-12341.txt item: #257 of 1726 id: grbs-12351 author: Crosby, Michael; Calder III, William M. title: Libanius, On the Silence of Socrates. A First Translation and an Interpretation date: 1960 words: 7083 flesch: 74 summary: r 16] Critias alone, when he was one of the tyrants, gave Socrates orders to refrain from conversation; Critias, who, proving to be an unsatisfactory pupil, condemned Socrates. And yet Critias forbade Socrates conversation only with young men, but not altogether, so long as he avoided analogies involving shepherds and herdsmen, being angry with the Socratic analogy that it was the part of bad shepherds to reduce the flock, a statement which Socrates really did make in denunciation of the tyrants. keywords: athens; crosby; death; end; gods; hemlock; libanius; life; man; men; silence; socrates; time cache: grbs-12351.pdf plain text: grbs-12351.txt item: #258 of 1726 id: grbs-12361 author: Metcalf, Michael title: John Vatatzes and John Comnenus: Questions of Style and Detail in Byzantine Numismatics date: 1960 words: 5308 flesch: 78 summary: Certain other finds, from which coins with the name of John were attributed to other rulers, may perhaps also have belonged to John Vatatzes.22 Wroth, in his later comments on BM C Type 3, remarked that there were other coins apparently of John II which ought perhaps to be transferred to John III.23 Plate 12 - Alexius I, John II; Other Coins of John III No. 28. keywords: bmc; coins; dots; gold; hoard; iii; john; mark; plate; type cache: grbs-12361.pdf plain text: grbs-12361.txt item: #259 of 1726 id: grbs-12371 author: Ross, Marvin C. title: The Chalice of Sisinios, the Grand Logothete date: 1959 words: 1348 flesch: 68 summary: From the time of Romanus II and the immediately suc­ ceeding reign we have a number of superb works of art-the ivory of Romanus and his empress Eudokia in the Cabinet des Medailles in Paris,6 the reliquary of the True Cross in gold, silver, and enamel made for Basil the Proedrus, now in Lim­ bourg,7 as well as the chalice and paten now in Saint Mark's that was made for the same Basi1.8 It has been our custom to study Byzantine art vertically-from century to century-or in op. Looking anew at this chalice of unusual ele­ gance and beauty, so very much of its time and so closely re­ lated to other objects datable to the reign of Romanus II, points out the need of studies of Byzantine art by periods to lead us to greater understanding and appreciation. keywords: art; byzantine; chalice; sisinios cache: grbs-12371.pdf plain text: grbs-12371.txt item: #260 of 1726 id: grbs-12381 author: Vermeule III, Cornelius C. title: Greek Art in Transition to Late Antiquity: A Portrait of the Antonine Age and the State of Greek Sculpture from A.D. 150 to 300 date: 1959 words: 3241 flesch: 65 summary: Eclective compositions in painting, relief, coin reverses, and gem designs can be docu­ mented on a wide scale.9 The Pergamene phase of Hellen­ istic art, from c. 250 to 125 B.C. and later, was particularly suited to the humanistic temper of the Empire in the years when peace seemed the firmest but when wars on the eastern and northern frontiers foreshadowed the disturbances and dark days of the third century A.D. IO The few examples cited here of Antonine portrait heads carved on copies mechanical or otherwise of Greek works of the fifth century and later give no indication of the great number of such statues preserved in the collections of Europe and America. I> CLASSICAL GREEK ANTECEDENTS OF THE WARREN HEAD The head presented by E. P. Warren to the Museum of Fine Arts leads us to a number of observations on the state of Greek sculpture in the century and a half from Antoninus Pius to Constantine the Great. keywords: antonine; art; arts; century; fine; greek; head; museum; period; portrait; sculpture cache: grbs-12381.pdf plain text: grbs-12381.txt item: #261 of 1726 id: grbs-12391 author: Wycherley, R. E. title: Pausanias in the Agora of Athens date: 1959 words: 8434 flesch: 65 summary: As each new site described by Pausanias is excavated and its topography largely determined, users of his periegesis can gain an increasingly clear idea of his value and his limitations, his modes of procedure and the way in which his evidence should be used. These are the only two great city centres of ancient Greece described fully by Pausanias which can also be fully reconstructed on paper from the archaeological material. keywords: agora; agora iii; altar; athens; basileios; monuments; north; pausanias; point; south; stoa; temple; west cache: grbs-12391.pdf plain text: grbs-12391.txt item: #262 of 1726 id: grbs-12401 author: Leon, Harry L. title: The Greek Inscriptions of the Jews of Rome date: 1959 words: 1240 flesch: 68 summary: Of the 534 items which I think may legitimately be counted as Jewish inscriptions of Rome, 405 (76%) are Greek; of the rest, 123 (23%) are Latin, three are Hebrew, one Aramaic, one bilingual Greek and Latin, one bilingual Aramaic and Greek. GREEK INSCRIPTIONS OF THE JEWS IN ROME 49 Instead of -EV~ in the nominative, such nouns as ypap,p,arEv~ and LEPEV~ occasionally show -'EO~ (142, 146) and -EOV~ (99, 148, 346). keywords: greek; inscriptions; jews; rome cache: grbs-12401.pdf plain text: grbs-12401.txt item: #263 of 1726 id: grbs-1241 author: Wissmann, Jessica title: Athena’s “Unreasonable Advice”: The Education of Telemachus in Ancient Interpretations of Homer date: 2009 words: 16932 flesch: 72 summary: One might think that this association of Telemachus with Athena = φρόνησις is closely related to those instances in which the scholia speak of Odysseus’ “own phronesis” with re- gard to Athena’s interaction with him. Defending Athena keywords: advice; athena; education; father; heraclitus; homer; homeric; identification; interpretation; jessica; journey; man; menelaus; nestor; odysseus; odyssey; phronesis; reason; schol; scholia; scholion; suitors; telemachus; tzetzes; view; wissmann; γὰρ; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τὸν; τῆς; τῶν; φρόνησις cache: grbs-1241.pdf plain text: grbs-1241.txt item: #264 of 1726 id: grbs-12411 author: Nadeau, Ray title: Classical Systems of Stases in Greek: Hermagoras to Hermogenes date: 1959 words: 6305 flesch: 59 summary: 51 CLASSICAL SYSTEMS OF STASES IN GREEK: HERMAGORAS TO HERMOGENES RAY NADEAU I NSETTING FORTH THE FIRST FORMAL PLAN for pinpointing the main and subordinate stases (issues) of a problem, Hermagoras of Temnos established the basic pattern for later systems.1 This paper is a sketch of the early history of systems of stases in Greek from their beginning in the second century B.C. to the time of Hermogenes in the second century A.D. The pre-Hermagorean evolution of a theory of stases is obscure. Under Her­ magoras, epideictic stasis is mentioned but no subordinate stases are given, either because his treatment of this area is lost or, more probably, because the traditional topics were taken for granted; under Hermogenes, epideictic is omitted from the formal stasis system but this omission is due, in my opinion, to ancient recognition of the fact that a speech which was epideictic in theme and in form could also be deliberative or forensic in its aims-epideictic stasis, then, would usually occur in epideictic-deliberative or in epideictic-forensic situ­ ations rather than those of pure epideictic-display.44 Neither writer goes into any detail on deliberative stasis, another area for which sub-topics were traditiona1.45 For another differ­ ence, the legal questions of Hermagoras become legal stases in Hermogenes; however, they had been so considered by some writers as early as the first century B.C.46 keywords: definition; forensic; general; hermagoras; hermogenes; iii; law; minucian; quality; questions; quintilian; rhetoric; stases; system; topics cache: grbs-12411.pdf plain text: grbs-12411.txt item: #265 of 1726 id: grbs-12421 author: Kahn, Charles H.; Gershenson, Daniela E.; Smith, Morton title: Further Notes on ‘A Jewish Gnostic Amulet of the Roman Period’ date: 1959 words: 3236 flesch: 63 summary: So on amulets, see E. Goodenough, Jewish Symbols in the Greco-Roman Period, 2 (New York, 1953), 247f., 261-7; also C. Bonner, Studies in Magical Amulets (Ann Arbor, 1950). The thought behind the imagery seems to correspond exactly to an idea developed by Philo J udaeus, which Goodenough has cited elsewhere in discussing the significance of snakes on amulets: keywords: amulet; goodenough; moon; serpent; snake; zodiac cache: grbs-12421.pdf plain text: grbs-12421.txt item: #266 of 1726 id: grbs-12431 author: Huxley, G. L. title: Titles of Midas date: 1959 words: 5777 flesch: 74 summary: S2 Homer was invited to compose an epigram for Midas king of the Phrygians when he was at Kyme (Ps-Herodot. The early tradi­ tion of the presence of a bronze maiden on top of the tomb of Midas shows that such dedications once stood on the top of Phrygian monuments. keywords: b.c; century; inscription; king; midas; monument; mycenaean; note; phrygian; ramsay; titles; tomb; word cache: grbs-12431.pdf plain text: grbs-12431.txt item: #267 of 1726 id: grbs-12441 author: Huxley, G. L. title: Mimnermus and Pylos date: 1959 words: 1800 flesch: 77 summary: ls How long before 688 B.C. Smyrna had ceased to be Aeolian is unknown; the Colophonian attack may have been made at any time be­ tween the arrival of Andraemon and the Pylians after 1100 B.C. and about 700 B.C. Herodotus (1.150) gives a brief account 11 Iliad B604. 101 MIMNERMUS AND PYLOS G. L. HUXLEY I N HIS Nanno Mimnermus of Colophon alluded to the com­ ing of his people from Pylos, the home of the N eleids in Messenia, to Asia in ships. keywords: b.c; colophon; mimnermus; people; pylos; smyrna cache: grbs-12441.pdf plain text: grbs-12441.txt item: #268 of 1726 id: grbs-12451 author: Beye, Charles Rowan title: Alcestis and Her Critics date: 1959 words: 7198 flesch: 67 summary: (To be sure, to be LMI;EJ.'OS was to the Greeks a virtue, but cf. 809 where the servant calls Admetus a')'ap LM~EPOS.) Alcestis, herself, is either saintl or psychopath2 ; Admetus, a self­ ish coward3 or altruistic grand gentleman.4 keywords: admetus; alcestis; audience; critics; death; drama; euripides; heracles; husband; pheres; play cache: grbs-12451.pdf plain text: grbs-12451.txt item: #269 of 1726 id: grbs-12461 author: Tovar, Antonio title: Some Passages of Euripides’ Hecuba in the Light of New Textual Research date: 1959 words: 1690 flesch: 70 summary: Let us examine some characteristic passages of this work in which the value of the famous manuscripts Land P, consid­ ered as the best from the first edition in the Renaissance until that of Kirchoff (1855), with a later reaction in favor of them initiated by Wilamowitz and sustained by the authority of G. Murray,3 decays still more when we can, thanks to the research of Turyn, know the manuscript tradition better. Land P are under the influence of late Byzantine scholar- 1 See for instance H. Hunger, Gnomon, 30 (1958), 285. keywords: manuscripts; passages; tradition; turyn cache: grbs-12461.pdf plain text: grbs-12461.txt item: #270 of 1726 id: grbs-12471 author: Smith, Morton title: A Byzantine Panegyric Collection with an Unknown Homily for the Annunciation date: 1959 words: 2619 flesch: 76 summary: [GRBS 2 The Women with Myrrh, Kat ~ 7rapouua KVPLaK~. Paralytic, IIoUwv Kat p,€yaAwv KaKWV. Samaritan Woman, Kat T~V ~JMpov ~p,fpav avaf3AV~f.L d~ ~fta8 ~ , 7rT(YTJ· Mid-Pentecost, Chrysostom, ~07rOV Kat faV 0 8f. 220v: 20 224r: 231r: 239v: Betrayal and Passion, Chrysostom, :£TUY~V T~V fKKATJCftav {1A(1TW. keywords: chrysostom; collection; erhard; kat; sermons cache: grbs-12471.pdf plain text: grbs-12471.txt item: #271 of 1726 id: grbs-12481 author: Vryonis, Jr, Speros title: Byzantium: The Social Basis of Decline in the Eleventh Century date: 1959 words: 6377 flesch: 56 summary: It would be more nearly correct to say that while eastern Asia Minor was out and out Armenian, Georgian, Kurdish, Syrian, etc., western and cen­ tral Asia Minor to the province of Cappadocia was greatly in­ fluenced by Hellenism. While it is true that colonies of Arme­ nians and Jews were to be found in western Asia Minor, and colonies of Greek Orthodox in the eastern part, one may divide Asia Minor into Greek and non-Greek at Cappadocia. keywords: aristocracy; armenians; armies; asia; byzantine; byzantium; century; decline; empire; families; greek; michael; military; minor; power; provinces; syrian cache: grbs-12481.pdf plain text: grbs-12481.txt item: #272 of 1726 id: grbs-12491 author: Galavaris, George P. title: The Mother of God of the Kanikleion date: 1959 words: 1473 flesch: 66 summary: In both works also bibilography on Byzantine seals. [GRBS 2 only suggest an eleventh or a twelfth century date for the seal on the basis of the lettering of the inscriptions which finds parallels on other seals of this period.4 The representation of the Virgin on the obverse repro­ duces an iconographic type known as Virgin Kyriotissa/> an epithet which often accompanies the type on Byzantine seals.6 keywords: art; byzantine; god; mother; seal; virgin cache: grbs-12491.pdf plain text: grbs-12491.txt item: #273 of 1726 id: grbs-1251 author: Bryen, Ari Z.; Wypustek, Andrzej title: Gemellus’ Evil Eyes (P.Mich. VI 423–424) date: 2009 words: 8484 flesch: 62 summary: There are numerous ancient theories about eyes, coming especially from the physiognomical tradition—a tradition which claimed to “know the mind from the eyes.”29 They are, in other words, the most marginal members of the human community writ large, and they specialize in the use of eyes to harm sources of self-reproducing wealth. keywords: a.d; andrzej; ari; brephos; bryen; case; egypt; evil; eyes; gemellus; iulius; karanis; magic; p.mich; papyrus; petition; phthonos; roman; village; wypustek cache: grbs-1251.pdf plain text: grbs-1251.txt item: #274 of 1726 id: grbs-12511 author: Williams, George Huntston title: The Role of the Layman in the Ancient Church date: 1958 words: 12170 flesch: 60 summary: The first difference, then, between the ante- and the post­ Nicene situation in respect to the laity is that, where Christians had once worked out their tensions in terms of priesthood and laity, in the Constantinian era they fought it out in terms of Church and State, that is, specifically, as episcopate over against sacral kingship. The recognition of Christianity by Constantine, as for so much else in church history, clearly ends a period in the evolution of the laity as a true order (taxis) with its own often distinctive liturgical, constitutional, disciplinary, elee­ mosynary, and witnessing role; and marks the climax of the gradual differentiation of the laos tou theou into laity and clergy, and the accompanying atrophy of lay functions. keywords: action; bishop; christian; church; cit; clergy; der; god; greek; laics; laity; lay; layman; members; men; new; nicene; origen; people; period; presbyters; priesthood; priests; role; rome; studies; world cache: grbs-12511.pdf plain text: grbs-12511.txt item: #275 of 1726 id: grbs-12521 author: Ross, Martin C. title: A Byzantine Bowl in Serpentine date: 1958 words: 1371 flesch: 69 summary: The cult objects of Saint Demetrius have been used to form an idea of his shrine as it originally appeared in his church at Saloniki. Saint Demetrius was known and loved by the Salonikans as the saint of protection, which accounts, of course, for his being represented with a drawn sword. keywords: bowl; demetrius; saint; serpentine cache: grbs-12521.pdf plain text: grbs-12521.txt item: #276 of 1726 id: grbs-12531 author: Downey, Glanville title: Themistius’ First Oration date: 1958 words: 8408 flesch: 70 summary: If watchful care for good things is better than care for evil things, and if good men stand in need of reward, while evil men require punishment, it is better for the ruler to be more inclined toward the bestowal of honor than toward punish­ ment' since most punishments are not carried out for the sake of assisting wrong-doers-for they take away the soul instead of aiding it-but seem instead to be of advantage only to the rest of mankind. Not that difficult and dark kind, such as those paths to which most tyrants de­ scend, as though to caverns, but a broad one which preserves its tracks so that they can be seen from afar; not that kind of road that leads finally to some wild and cruel beast, a bear, a boar or a lion, clothed with the name of emperor, but the kind of path that leads to the most peaceable and gentle of all, a heavenly creature which possesses a divine and modest nature, granted by heaven for watchful care over men here on earth. keywords: emperor; god; good; king; love; man; mankind; men; oration; soul; themistius; things; virtue cache: grbs-12531.pdf plain text: grbs-12531.txt item: #277 of 1726 id: grbs-12541 author: Goodenough, E. Rowan title: A Jewish-Gnostic Amulet of the Roman Period date: 1958 words: 3485 flesch: 71 summary: One working with charms and amulets is constantly annoyed by strings of meaningless letters, which one usually calls magical vowels, letters, or, in desperation, gibberish. These apparently represent the sun and moon, with the skin for shemesh, sun, and the cheth for chodesh, new moon, that aspect of the moon especially important in Jewish life. keywords: amulet; basket; eve; face; fig; greek; letters; snake; symbols cache: grbs-12541.pdf plain text: grbs-12541.txt item: #278 of 1726 id: grbs-12551 author: Tsanoff, Radoslav A. title: Ancient Classical Alternatives and Approaches to the Idea of Progress date: 1958 words: 4194 flesch: 63 summary: They are mainly two: the view of a series of world ages marked by an increasing degeneration, and the view of the cosmic process as eternal recurrence. The truth here seems to be this, that human well-being and perfection are directed by Divine guidance; but if or when God's hand is withdrawn, men left to themselves go astray, and the whole world reverts towards confusion and evil. keywords: age; approaches; belief; classical; greek; idea; men; progress; recurrence; view; world cache: grbs-12551.pdf plain text: grbs-12551.txt item: #279 of 1726 id: grbs-12561 author: Zenkovsky, Serge A. title: Review: Justinia Besharov, Imagery of the Igor Tale in the Light of Byzantine-Slavic Poetic Theory date: 1958 words: 1671 flesch: 42 summary: A new and significant aspect of Byzantine cultural influence in Eastern Europe, particularly of the impact of Byzantine poetic theories on early Russian literature, is treated by Justinia Besharov in this second issue of the new publication, Studies in Russiml Epic Tradition. Future students of early Russian poetics in particular, and of Medieval literature in general, will profit gready from the fruits of her research. keywords: besharov; igor; igor tale; russian; tale cache: grbs-12561.pdf plain text: grbs-12561.txt item: #280 of 1726 id: grbs-12571 author: Vermeule III, Cornelius C. title: Greek Numismatic Art 400 B.C.-300 A.D.: Some General Remarks date: 1958 words: 7406 flesch: 66 summary: The new Period VIII is the age in which Greek imperial coinage struggled unsuccessfully to express itself in terms of Greek coin types under Roman organization and uniformity. The contents of Head's chronological grouping of Greek coins is often remembered only by the sets of British Museum electrotypes seen in museum and classroom corridors; this 98 CORNELIUS C. VERMEULE III keywords: alexander; art; b.c; century; coins; fig; figure; greek; head; iii; new; period; reverse; series; silver; types cache: grbs-12571.pdf plain text: grbs-12571.txt item: #281 of 1726 id: grbs-12581 author: Downey, Glanville title: Coptic Culture in the Byzantine World: Nationalism and Religious Independence date: 1958 words: 6469 flesch: 54 summary: Other valuable works are H. I. Bell, Cults and Creeds in Graeco­ Roman Egypt (Liverpool, 1953), W. H. Worrell, A Short Account of the Copts (Ann Arbor, 1945), and Coptic Egypt, containing the papers read at a symposium under the auspices of New York University and the Brooklyn Museum held at the Brooklyn Museum in 1941 and published by the Museum in 1944. Nationalism undoubtedly played a part, as many scholars have rightly insisted, and 15 Convenient handbooks illustrating the art of the Copts are Pagan and Christian Egypt, ed. keywords: ancient; byzantine; church; coptic; copts; culture; egypt; empire; greek; language; people; world cache: grbs-12581.pdf plain text: grbs-12581.txt item: #282 of 1726 id: grbs-12591 author: Calder III, William M. title: The Dramaturgy of Sophocles’ Inachus date: 1958 words: 7260 flesch: 75 summary: Tiberius Hemsterhuis2 created a problem by suggesting for no apparent reason that Inachus was satyric. The distinguished scholars, Wilhelm Schmid and A. von Blumenthal, realized the cogency of this observation and accepted Inachus as a tragedy.8 Pearson's (p. 198) attempted refutation through comparison of the nine fragments of Achilles' Lovers is not cogent because, as Pearson neglects to observe, the context of frg. keywords: action; fragments; frg; hermes; inachus; lobel; metamorphosis; palace; play; satyr; schmid; sophocles; stage; zeus cache: grbs-12591.pdf plain text: grbs-12591.txt item: #283 of 1726 id: grbs-12601 author: Geanakoplos, Deno J. title: A Byzantine Looks at the Renaissance: The Attitude of Michael Apostolis toward the Rise of Italy to Cultural Eminence date: 1958 words: 2443 flesch: 65 summary: The efforts of Italian statesmen such as Lorenzo de'Medici and Popes Nicholas V and Leo X to amass libraries of Greek manuscripts, the warm reception accorded to many Greek ref­ ugee-teachers, and the establishment of numerous professorial chairs of Greek in leading universities - all attest to a vital interest in the assimilation of Greek culture on the part of Western Europe during the Quattrocento and Cinquecento. A number of contemporary Western humanists have left us indications of their high esteem for Greek letters, l and some of these views have been woven into modern studies on 1 keywords: apostolis; byzantine; christ; culture; greek; italy; renaissance; western cache: grbs-12601.pdf plain text: grbs-12601.txt item: #284 of 1726 id: grbs-1261 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Date and Structure of Prokopios’ Secret History and His Projected Work on Church History date: 2009 words: 12959 flesch: 58 summary: Kaldellis Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 49 (2009) 585–616 © 2009 GRBS The Date and Structure of Prokopios’ Secret History and His Projected Work on Church History Anthony Kaldellis This conclu- sion is buttressed by the fact, noted by Haury,10 that elsewhere in the same text Prokopios blames Justinian for the violence of the factions that took place during Justin’s reign (Secret History 7 and 9.29–46). keywords: church history; croke; cross; date; fact; history; justinian; logoi; prokopios; references; reign; secret; text; wars; work; years cache: grbs-1261.pdf plain text: grbs-1261.txt item: #285 of 1726 id: grbs-12611 author: Bellinger, Alfred R. title: Three Hoards of Byzantine Bronze Coins date: 1958 words: 2384 flesch: 84 summary: Type 11 4-6 The Virgin seated Rev. Manuel with long labarum and anexikakia BMC 576f. PI. 8, fig. keywords: bmc; coins; type cache: grbs-12611.pdf plain text: grbs-12611.txt item: #286 of 1726 id: grbs-1271 author: Moreno, Miryam Librán title: Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1478–1480 date: 2009 words: 3205 flesch: 83 summary: Stanley, Thomae Stanleii Commen- tarius in Aeschyli Tragoedias Samuele Butlero editus (Halle 1832) 468; A. Wellauer, Aeschyli tragoediae II (Leipzig 1824) 111; C. J. Blomfield, Aeschyli Agamemnon (London 1826); R. D. Dawe, Repertory of Conjectures on Aeschylus (Leiden 1965) 119. See also Blomfield, Aeschyli Agamemnon 305: “infima pars ventris. keywords: aeschyli; aeschylus; agamemnon; blood; cambridge; london; page; verb; νείρει; ἔρως; αι cache: grbs-1271.pdf plain text: grbs-1271.txt item: #287 of 1726 id: grbs-12711 author: Kenens, Ulrike title: Greek Mythography at Work: The Story of Perseus from Pherecydes to Tzetzes date: 2012 words: 6519 flesch: 57 summary: This paper aims to illustrate the relevance of such a broader perspective by analysing the Perseus myth as transmitted by various mythographical sources: this inquiry will take us from the fifth-century logographer Pherecydes of Athens to the 1 For recent publications see R. S. Smith and S. M. Trzaskoma, Apollodorus’ Library and Hyginus’ Fabulae. Conclusion Through a close reading of the Perseus myth as transmitted by various mythographical sources, this paper has focused upon the actual practices of authorship of the imperial mythographer Ps.-Apollodorus and of some Byzantine scholars excerpting his Bibliotheca. keywords: bibliotheca; danaë; dictys; e.g.; euripides; greek; mythography; perseus; pherecydes; polydectes; ps.-apollodorus; schol; source; studies; text; καὶ cache: grbs-12711.pdf plain text: grbs-12711.txt item: #288 of 1726 id: grbs-12731 author: Woerther, Frédérique title: La materia de la rhétorique d’après Hermagoras de Temnos date: 2011 words: 9528 flesch: 64 summary: Comme le souligne Heath, Philologus 146 (2002) 288, à la suite de Matthes, l’explication qu’il propose pour rendre compte de l’absence de la νόησις chez Cicéron et Quintilien n’est pas convaincante, quand il affirme qu’ils connaissaient l’existence de cette réalité, mais non le terme qui devait l’exprimer: K. Barwick, “Zur Re- konstruktion der Rhetorik des Hermagoras von Temnos,” Philologus 109 (1965) 186–218 (197–199). 435–460 l’ineptie de la division hermagoréenne de la rhétorique:25 quodsi magnam in his Hermagoras habuisset facultatem studio et disciplina comparatam, uideretur fretus sua scientia falsum quiddam constituisse de oratoris artificio et non quid ars, sed quid ipse posset, exposuisse. keywords: aurait; aussi; aux; avec; cause; ces; cette; cicéron; comme; conception; c’est; dans; dans la; de la; des; deux; dialectique; d’une; effet; esse; est; genre; greek; hermagoras; hermagoréenne; la materia; la rhétorique; les; l’orateur; mai; mais; materia; même; non; nous; par; pas; politique; pour; questions; qui; qu’il; rhétorique; sextus; sont; studies; sur; thèses; tout; témoignage; une; voir; woerther cache: grbs-12731.pdf plain text: grbs-12731.txt item: #289 of 1726 id: grbs-12791 author: Dongen, Erik van title: The “Kingship in Heaven”-Theme of the Hesiodic Theogony: Origin, Function, Composition date: 2011 words: 8562 flesch: 61 summary: Similarities on the level of specific narrative details, such as there are between the Song of Going Forth and the Theogony, are lacking completely. There is no space here for details;21 but in summary, I think that the ‘Kingship in Heaven’-theme as known from the Song of Going Forth had become known and had gained some degree of popularity in the Aegean already before the period of composition of the Theogony (ca. keywords: aegean; dongen; gods; greek; heaven’-theme; kingship; kronos; kumarbi; ouranos; song; storm; studies; text; theogony; van; zeus cache: grbs-12791.pdf plain text: grbs-12791.txt item: #290 of 1726 id: grbs-12801 author: Catenaccio, Claire title: Dream as Image and Action in Aeschylus’ Oresteia date: 2011 words: 10821 flesch: 63 summary: Euripides in the Hecuba makes reference to Earth as the mother of µελανοπτερϱύγων ὀνείρϱων (70–71), and the Chorus in Iphigeneia in Tauris likewise speak of Χθών in connection with dreams and the Pythian oracle (1259–1267).Cf. also Aristophanes’ Frogs 1331 ff., where in the poetic ἀγών Aeschylus speaks of dream as a child of black Night (ὦ νυκϰτὸς κϰελαινοφαὴς ὄρϱφνα). Caten ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 202–231 2011 Claire Catenaccio Dream as Image and Action in Aeschylus’ Oresteia Claire Catenaccio “In dreams begin responsibilities.” keywords: action; aeschylus; agamemnon; audience; cassandra; catenaccio; choephoroi; chorus; claire; clytemnestra; dream; erinyes; greek; image; language; oresteia; orestes; play; scene; sleep; studies; world cache: grbs-12801.pdf plain text: grbs-12801.txt item: #291 of 1726 id: grbs-1281 author: Cavero, Laura Miguélez title: The Appearance of the Gods in the Dionysiaca of Nonnus date: 2009 words: 10095 flesch: 66 summary: How- ever, Hermes appears several times carrying baby Dionysus in the crook of his arm,84 which conjures up the Hermes paido- phoros, often represented in sculptures and mosaics.85 Again, Nonnus draws on a simple artistic image to illuminate the lit- erary background. Thereafter his usual means of transport will be a chariot drawn by panthers and lions and driven by Maron or a satyr.9 The appearance of Nonnus’ adult Dionysus (e.g. 14.233– 246) matches his contemporary images: his longish hair,10 in which vines and ivy are often intertwined, is a characteristic feature; his shoes11 and the horn with self-pouring wine which is seen in artistic representations are also mentioned.12 This image is related to the long literary tradition going back to Euripides’ Bacchae.13 Euripidean influence surfaces in the 7 9.11–15, 27, 120–124, 129–131; 13.139–141; 42.140. 8 9.159–160, 171–179, 184–192. keywords: aphrodite; appearance; ares; artemis; bacchic; cavero; christian; compare; dionysiaca; dionysus; gods; hera; hermes; images; laura; les; miguélez; nonnus; nos; pagan; panopolis; paris; zeus cache: grbs-1281.pdf plain text: grbs-1281.txt item: #292 of 1726 id: grbs-12811 author: Finglass, P. J. title: Unpublished Conjectures on Sophocles by Jeremiah Markland date: 2011 words: 1518 flesch: 74 summary: *48 <µ’> (Brunck 1786) *215 νυν (Blaydes 1859) 6 Markland crosses this conjecture out, suggesting that he later rejected it. +634 τήνδ’ (Doederlein 1847) 725 χρϱῄζῃ γ’, ἔρϱευναν (Eggert 1868) 849 µεταβαλεῖν (gloss, Blaydes 1859) 977 οὗ (Blaydes 1859) *1025 τυχών (Bothe 1826) *1180 αὑτὸς (Heimsoeth) *1208b αὑτὸς (Brunck 1779) 1256 θ’ (Blaydes 1859) *1281 del. (Dindorf 1825) +1368 ἦσθ’ <ἂν> (Porson pre-1808, Purgold 1802) Ant. 2 οἶσθά τι (Meineke teste Jebb) 25 θεοῖς (Brunck 1786) keywords: blaydes; brunck; markland; mss; sophocles cache: grbs-12811.pdf plain text: grbs-12811.txt item: #293 of 1726 id: grbs-12821 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: How to Convert an Army Figure into a Population Figure date: 2011 words: 5409 flesch: 74 summary: Throughout the war large numbers of conscripts were working on the home front—often in uniform. The Leuktra campaign involved thirty-five year classes, i.e. Spartiatai up to the age of 55, but after the defeat the remaining five year classes were called up too.26 In fourth- century Athens citizens could be called up until they turned 59. keywords: army; citizens; field; hansen; hoplites; light; number; polis; population; studies cache: grbs-12821.pdf plain text: grbs-12821.txt item: #294 of 1726 id: grbs-12831 author: Carawan, Edwin M. title: Paragraphê and the Merits date: 2011 words: 16277 flesch: 64 summary: Of course, the “veiled demand” may be simply a commonplace from contract cases where the plaintiff speaks first. This line of argument takes up most of the rest of the speech, up to what appears to be a commonplace in such cases: If the case is rejected here, what recourse is there—“to what court shall we take our case, … if not to you (in the jurisdiction) where we made the contract?” keywords: agreement; amnesty; argument; callimachus; carawan; case; claim; contract; court; covenants; defendant; dem; dispute; edwin; hearing; issue; jury; law; merits; paoli; paragraphê; plaintiff; plea; settlement; speeches; studies; suit; trial; wolff cache: grbs-12831.pdf plain text: grbs-12831.txt item: #295 of 1726 id: grbs-12841 author: Reydams-Schils, G. title: Authority and Agency in Stoicism date: 2011 words: 10036 flesch: 62 summary: Chrysippus took the liberty to disagree with his teacher Cleanthes, Seneca states, so, “why, then, following the example of Chrysippus himself, should not every man claim his own freedom?” also Seneca Ep. keywords: 296–322; agency; authority; chrysippus; diss; epictetus; greek; life; philosophy; plato; reydams; school; self; seneca; stoic; stoicism; studies cache: grbs-12841.pdf plain text: grbs-12841.txt item: #296 of 1726 id: grbs-12851 author: Wortley, John title: The Significance of “Repose” in the Apophthegmata Patrum date: 2011 words: 6377 flesch: 71 summary: The Scriptures may have given aspirants reason to expect that they would find repose in responding to the Dominical command to “Leave all and follow me” (Mtt 19:21) that had inspired Antony to take the desert road. There is the admoni- tion of the Psalmist: “Turn again unto your repose (εἰς τὴν ἀνάπαυσίν σου) O my soul, for the Lord has dealt bountifully with you” and the assurance: “To the waters of repose he leads me.”4 keywords: 323–339; abba; brother; desert; elder; god; greek; poemen; repose; studies; κϰαὶ; ἀνάπαυσιν cache: grbs-12851.pdf plain text: grbs-12851.txt item: #297 of 1726 id: grbs-12861 author: Turshan, Nizar; Nassar, Mohammad title: A Mosaic of the Book of Daniel in the Ya῾amun Church date: 2011 words: 2227 flesch: 66 summary: NIZAR TURSHAN AND MOHAMMAD NASSAR 343 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 340–349 church of St. John (531).7 Nilotic motifs occur at another location in Jordan, in the nave of the church of Zay al-Gharby (Byzantine period);8 there are depicted two sailboats with two men aboard, fish, and aquatic birds. I 230, II pl. 106.1; V. Corbo, “Nuovi scavi archeologici nella cappella del Bat- tistero della Basilica del Nebo (Siyagha),” Liber Annuus 17 (1967) 241–258; M. Piccirillo, “Campagna archeologica nella Basilica di Mosé Profeta sul Monte Nebo-Siyagha,” Liber Annuus 26 (1976) 281–318, and Mosaics of Jordan 150, pl. 197. 346 MOSAICS OF THE BOOK OF DANIEL ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 340–349 Fig. keywords: byzantine; church; daniel; fig; jordan; mosaics cache: grbs-12861.pdf plain text: grbs-12861.txt item: #298 of 1726 id: grbs-12871 author: Brown, H. Paul title: A Pragmatic and Sociolinguistic Account of δαιμόνιε in Early Greek Epic date: 2011 words: 11066 flesch: 61 summary: Negative speaker disposition A negative value (–) was assigned to the disposition of the speaker in 15 instances: Il. 1.561. Preliminary Findings These findings, summarized in Table 1, suggest first that the use of δαιµόνιε correlates with higher status speakers (19/26) or with contexts of greater familiarity (19/26). keywords: addressee; brown; disposition; epic; familiarity; greek; hektor; instances; language; odysseus; social; speaker; speech; status; studies; use; zeus; δαιµόνιε cache: grbs-12871.pdf plain text: grbs-12871.txt item: #299 of 1726 id: grbs-12881 author: Harris, John Philip title: Cassandra's Swan Song: Aeschylus' Use of Fable in Agamemnon date: 2012 words: 6801 flesch: 64 summary: In one, violent death threatens, and it is the swan’s singing that saves its life; in the other, the swan sings its own funeral dirge upon sensing death approach.32 Credit is due 28 “The Raven and the Swan” (not-H.140 = Aphthonius 40), discussed at Adrados, History III 467, and “The Swan and the Crow” (S.100), discussed at Adrados III 872–873. This fable is included because swans appear instead of cranes in the version by “Syntipas,” and a swan appears instead of a crane in the Syriac fables. keywords: adrados; aeschylus; agamemnon; cassandra; death; dijk; fable; greek; history; iii; song; studies; swan; swan song; van cache: grbs-12881.pdf plain text: grbs-12881.txt item: #300 of 1726 id: grbs-1291 author: Nigdelis, Pantelis title: The Gens Varinia in Macedonia: On the Serrai Decree SEG LIV 617 date: 2009 words: 7186 flesch: 70 summary: [καὶ ἐὰν <ἀν>θρώπιν]όν τι πάθω, καὶ κατὰ ἄνδρα καὶ κοινῇ, τὴν ἀρίστην [τῆ]ς οἰκίας J. and L. Robert; καὶ τοὺς ἐντὸ[ς / τῆ]ς οἰκίας Kaphtantzis; καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ / keywords: bequest; decree; edson; gens; habicht; inscription; kaphtantzis; lapis; line; macedonia; mihailov; nigdelis; oath; rebilus; samsaris; seg; serrai; εἰς; καὶ; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-1291.pdf plain text: grbs-1291.txt item: #301 of 1726 id: grbs-12911 author: Ercoles, Marco title: Stesichorus PMGF S21.1–3 (Geryoneis): A Textual Proposal date: 2011 words: 5095 flesch: 79 summary: For this meaning see Od. e.g. Il. 1.330, 3.7, 9.511, Od. 2.12, 17.63, and see R. J. Cunliffe, A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect (Norman 1924) 5152 s.v. ἄρϱα; for post-Homeric examples, J. D. Denniston, Greek Particles2 (Oxford 1954) 43, 50. 15 “Se l’asportazione dell’elmo è dovuta alle velocissime Chere, l’attacco doloso di Eracle diventa del tutto sprecato” in the words of De Martino, AnnBari 25/26 (1982) 101. keywords: che; epic; geryon; greek; heracles; iii; irvine; keres; lazzeri; pmgf; s15; stesichorus; stesicoro; studi; studies; zpe cache: grbs-12911.pdf plain text: grbs-12911.txt item: #302 of 1726 id: grbs-12921 author: Nakassis, Dimitri title: Athens, Kylon, and the Dipolieia date: 2011 words: 7111 flesch: 57 summary: Unlike the Oresteia, however, the trials in the Dipolieia and Kylon narrative result in a guilty verdict which serves to deflect the ritual pollution resulting from violence away from the community through banishment of a single object or family. Nakassis ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 363–381 2011 Dimitri Nakassis Athens, Kylon, and the Dipolieia Dimitri Nakassis HE ATHENIAN FESTIVAL known as the Dipolieia or Bouphonia has been central to studies of Greek sacrifice for the past century, yet there remains little consensus on its interpretation.1 For some, the festival exposes the anxieties inherent in all Greek sacrificial practice, and by overcoming them, constitutes the strongest possible justification for sacrifice.2 Others argue that Greeks felt little anxiety about animal sacrifice, and that the Bouphonia made “a distinct sym- bolic statement” related to the slaughter of a particular victim, the plow ox, in a particular city, Athens, where killing this animal was formally prohibited by an annual curse.3 Contem- porary criticism of the festival has reached an impasse, as both approaches pose difficulties. keywords: acropolis; altar; athenian; athens; dipolieia; festival; greek; kylon; narrative; orthia; ritual; sacrifice; studies; trial cache: grbs-12921.pdf plain text: grbs-12921.txt item: #303 of 1726 id: grbs-12931 author: Kanavou, Nikoletta title: Political Myth in Aristophanes: Another Form of Comic Satire? date: 2011 words: 6864 flesch: 59 summary: A third, less prominent perspective is the substratum of myth and ritual discerned by structural analysis, which has attempted to connect comic myth with familiar rituals and mythical ar- chetypes; this is a controversial approach.4 The present paper will attempt to broaden the existing per- ception of the use of myth in Aristophanes by proposing a fourth perspective, which relates to the aforementioned ones and aims to complement them: the comic use of political myth. The comic uses of political myth discussed here form part of an ongoing project by the author. 6 For an overview of this type of myth, with examples, see J. M. Hall, “Politics and Greek Myth,” in Cambridge Companion to Greek Mythology 331– 354. keywords: aristophanes; athenian; birds; city; comedy; comic; greek; heroes; kanavou; myth; new; oxford; satire; studies; theseus; war; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-12931.pdf plain text: grbs-12931.txt item: #304 of 1726 id: grbs-12941 author: Hawkins, Cameron title: Spartans and Perioikoi: The Organization and Ideology of the Lakedaimonian Army in the Fourth Century B.C.E. date: 2011 words: 12789 flesch: 51 summary: Like the ideology visible in the text of Herod- otus, the ideology expressed here seems to argue that the Spartans were superior soldiers precisely because of the way in which their nomos (instilled by the system of paideia Xenophon describes in detail earlier in the work) enhanced their collective performance when they fought together in an exclusively Spartan phalanx. Cameron Hawkins Spartans and Perioikoi: The Organization and Ideology of the Lakedaimonian Army in the Fourth Century B.C.E. Cameron Hawkins N HIS ACCOUNT of the great battle that took place at Leuktra in 371, Xenophon throws into stark relief one of Sparta’s most persistent problems—the impact on her army of the steady decline over the fifth and early fourth centuries in the number of the homoioi, those Spartan citizens who possessed full political rights (a problem known already to the ancients as oliganthropia).1 According to Xenophon, while the Spartans had deployed four of the six major divisions (morai) of the Lakedai- monian army at Leuktra—a force amounting to something on the order of 2500 men—only 700 of these were homoioi (Hell. keywords: army; century; greek; hell; homoioi; hypomeiones; morai; paideia; perioikic; perioikoi; soldiers; spartans; studies; view; xenophon cache: grbs-12941.pdf plain text: grbs-12941.txt item: #305 of 1726 id: grbs-12951 author: Pelttari, Aaron title: Approaches to the Writing of Greek in Late Antique Latin Texts date: 2011 words: 7624 flesch: 64 summary: AUTHORS frequently insert Greek words into their texts, in a practice known as code-switching.1 When a Latin author switches to Greek, he may either change alphabets or engage also in character-switching, in which one language is written with letters borrowed from another.2 J. N. Adams has detailed a number of cases of character-switching in documentary sources. Does it matter whether we write Greek words in Latin letters or in Greek? keywords: approaches; augustine; ausonius; autem; century; characters; editors; est; greek; kaster; latin; letters; loan; macrobius; manuscripts; non; pelttari; quod; scribes; studies; switching; text; words; writing cache: grbs-12951.pdf plain text: grbs-12951.txt item: #306 of 1726 id: grbs-12961 author: Fink, Jakob Leth title: Pletho’s Criticism of Aristotle’s Virtues: A Note on De differentiis 12 date: 2011 words: 5244 flesch: 61 summary: But at least one of them, the anonymous compilation probably from the twelfth century, discusses different ways of interpreting the mean.15 Pletho either misrepresents, ignores, or misunderstands Aristotle here. But in his reply to Scholarios Pletho clarifies his position: what Pletho meant was that it is indeed possible to desire what ought to be desired and desire what ought not to be desired given that these are not at the same time mutually exclusive, which will be the case when they are direct opposites (as in Scholarios’ objection). keywords: aristotle; criticism; doctrine; greek; mean; pletho; position; studies; virtue; wicked cache: grbs-12961.pdf plain text: grbs-12961.txt item: #307 of 1726 id: grbs-13001 author: Edwards, Anthony T title: ΑΙΔΩΣ Δ’ ΟΥΚ ΑΓΑΘΗ: Works and Days 317-319 date: 2012 words: 7488 flesch: 62 summary: For the view, which seems to me correct, that some or all of the lines in both the Homeric and Hesiodic contexts were adapted from preexisting proverbs, see T. A. Sinclair, “On αἰδώς in Hesiod,” CR 39 (1925) 147–148, and Works 35; Hoekstra 99–100; K. J. McKay, “Ambivalent αἰδώς in Hesiod,” AJP 84 (1963) 17–27 and 303; Livrea 83–85; West, Commentary 236–237; Cairns, Aidōs 149–150. Works and Days 317–319 Anthony T. Edwards T WORKS AND DAYS 311–326, In the midst of an exhor- tation to seek prosperity through work and not through theft, Hesiod pauses for three lines over the topic of αἰδώς (317–319): αἰδὼς δ’ οὐκϰ ἀγαθὴ κϰεχρϱηµένον ἄνδρϱα κϰοµίζει, αἰδώς, ἥ τ’ ἄνδρϱας µέγα σίνεται ἠδ’ ὀνίνησιν· αἰδώς τοι πρϱὸς ἀνολβίῃ, θάρϱσος δὲ keywords: 1–20; days; edwards; good; greek; hesiod; lines; prosperity; section; studies; theft; works; αἰδώς; οὐκϰ; ἀγαθή cache: grbs-13001.pdf plain text: grbs-13001.txt item: #308 of 1726 id: grbs-1301 author: Usher, Stephen title: Oratio Recta and Oratio Obliqua in Polybius date: 2009 words: 10606 flesch: 55 summary: As to the authenticity of other speeches, we have to engage in educated guesswork based on our limited knowledge of where Polybius was when they were made and in whose company, and what sources he could draw upon for those speeches.4 When he returns to the subject of speeches in 36.1.1–7, the history being narrated is especially susceptible to dramatic presentation: the Third Punic War, which culminated in the destruction of Carthage. The Speeches The main characteristic of the spoken word as Polybius re- ports it is his technique of beginning in indirect speech (oratio obliqua), and concluding with a passage of direct speech (oratio recta). keywords: aetolians; argument; chlaeneas; greek; lyciscus; obliqua; oratio; oratio obliqua; oratio recta; philip; polybius; recta; romans; speech; speeches; time; war cache: grbs-1301.pdf plain text: grbs-1301.txt item: #309 of 1726 id: grbs-13011 author: Bednarowski, K. Paul title: When the Exodos is not the End: The Closing Song of Aeschylus’ Suppliants date: 2011 words: 10190 flesch: 63 summary: Another chorus, composed either of the Danaids’ handmaidens or of their father’s Argive bodyguards, sings here for the first time to challenge the Danaids’ potentially sacrilegious view of marriage. M. Sicherl, “Die Tragik der Danaiden,” MusHelv 43 (1986) 81–110, argues that underlying the Danaids’ resistance to marriage is an oracle (attested in the scholia to the Iliad, Prometheus Bound, and Orestes, among other places), ac- cording to which Danaus was to be killed by one of his sons-in-law. keywords: aegyptids; aeschylus; aphrodite; chorus; danaids; end; greek; hemichorus; johansen; marriage; men; play; song; studies; suppliants; zeus cache: grbs-13011.pdf plain text: grbs-13011.txt item: #310 of 1726 id: grbs-13041 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Democratic Freedom and the Concept of Freedom in Plato and Aristotle date: 2010 words: 9875 flesch: 69 summary: In his recent monograph Peter Liddel argues that Aristotle’s description of democratic freedom in Book 6 (1317a40–b17), at least in part, matches his own conception of political freedom. When that is understood in the sense of doing what one desires, rational freedom understood as self-control becomes the opposite of democratic freedom. keywords: 1–27; aristotle; citizens; concept; constitution; democracy; democratic; eleutheria; equality; form; freedom; greek; hansen; plato; polis; rule; sense; studies cache: grbs-13041.pdf plain text: grbs-13041.txt item: #311 of 1726 id: grbs-131 author: Michalopoulos, Andre title: The Classical Tradition date: 1958 words: 2414 flesch: 61 summary: That I was reared in this tradition has afforded me the greatest satisfaction in life, and I shall never forget the abbe Guerin, a humble village priest in France, who, when I was eleven years old, introduced me to the magic of Homer and Vergil by making me read them aloud in the· original and so teaching me ancient Greek and Latin as living languages. There were of course great oriental civilizations which flourished before the time of the Greeks and from which they inherited some characteristics, as attested by an oriental strain in primitive Greek art. keywords: civilization; greek; homer; tradition; values; war; way cache: grbs-131.pdf plain text: grbs-131.txt item: #312 of 1726 id: grbs-1311 author: Berman, Daniel W. title: The Landscape and Language of Korinna date: 2010 words: 8017 flesch: 54 summary: Some have seen Korinna’s use of Boiotian dialect as simply a matter of regionalism: that this is poetry merely for Boiotians, by a Boiotian. Stewart mentions also that Silanion was known for innovation in what we might term a “proto-Hellenistic” vein—for instance he silvered the bronze on the cheeks of a statue of the dying Jocasta to indicate the pallor of death.44 If Korinna’s represen- tation of topographic features, and her use of literary dialect, is any indication of poetic milieu, I suggest the middle or late fourth century just might be about right and agree with Stewart that Silanion might be a perfectly matched sculptor to create a likeness of her. keywords: asopos; boiotian; date; dialect; epic; greek; helikon; korinna; landscape; language; page; poetry; studies cache: grbs-1311.pdf plain text: grbs-1311.txt item: #313 of 1726 id: grbs-1321 author: Sánchez Hernández, Juan Pablo title: Procles the Carthaginian: A North African Sophist in Pausanias’ Periegesis date: 2010 words: 5244 flesch: 68 summary: But Wernicke was aware of the difficulties of including fr.1 in such a collection of sayings and deeds,16 and although the general trend of Pausanias’ times was towards condensations,17 Pausanias claims to make use of a good deal ___ chief Greek sources for the life of Pyrrhus, in addition to Plutarch’s life, are Diod. Sanchez ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 119–132 © 2010 Juan Pablo Sánchez Hernández Procles the Carthaginian: A North African Sophist in Pausanias’ Periegesis Juan Pablo Sánchez Hernández LL THAT WE CAN READ of Procles are two fragments provided by Pausanias in his Periegesis in the second century A.D. Pausanias calls him a Carthaginian from North Africa, but his name, Procles, and his father’s, Eucrates, are Greek; Pausanias does not state a title for Procles’ work. keywords: africa; argos; b.c; carthage; carthaginian; century; greece; greek; pausanias; procles; pyrrhus; roman; rome; studies; wernicke; κϰαὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-1321.pdf plain text: grbs-1321.txt item: #314 of 1726 id: grbs-1331 author: Niehoff, Maren R. title: The Symposium of Philo’s Therapeutae: Displaying Jewish Identity in an Increasingly Roman World date: 2010 words: 8178 flesch: 58 summary: For a different ap- proach, see P. Wendland, Philo und die kynisch-stoische Diatribe (Berlin 1895), 18–24, who studied Philo’s polemics against other symposiasts without pay- ing attention to the dimension of the Greek Other, conjecturing instead that Philo simply copied from earlier, albeit no longer extant treatises. No space, Philo stresses, goes unnoticed without hunting for culinary specialties. keywords: 95–116; alexandria; commentary; context; dialogue; greek; niehoff; oxford; philo; philosophy; roman; rome; seneca; studies; symposium; therapeutae; wine cache: grbs-1331.pdf plain text: grbs-1331.txt item: #315 of 1726 id: grbs-1341 author: Ypsilanti, Maria title: Deserted Delos: A Motif of the Anthology and Its Poetic and Historical Background date: 2010 words: 9331 flesch: 68 summary: In Antipater Delos is ἐρϱηµαίη and suffers from χητο- σύνη, misery/destitution;6 Callimachus, on the contrary, had presented her negative geographical features (e.g. 4.11 ἄτρϱοπος, “unmoved” or “unfit for cultivation,” in the second sense clearly a disagreeable characteristic,7 ἁλιπλήξ, beaten by the sea), as overcome by Apollo’s protection and by her prom- inent position among the other islands (16–27). While in Callimachus Delos is praised for her benevolence to Leto and for her defiance of Hera, which, despite the rough weather to which the island is exposed (4.11–14, 25–26), re- sulted in her widespread fame through the birth of Apollo on her, Antipater pictures the pitiful condition into which Delos has finally fallen and explains it as due to the help she offered Leto. keywords: 63–85; antipater; apollo; aratus; artemis; callimachean; callimachus; cyclades; delos; epigram; g.-p; gow; greek; hera; hymn; islands; leto; page; pholegandros; poem; studies; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-1341.pdf plain text: grbs-1341.txt item: #316 of 1726 id: grbs-13491 author: Soltic, Jorie; Janse, Mark title: From Enclisis to Proclisis in Medieval Greek: σὲ λέγω and its Uses in the Chronicle of Morea date: 2012 words: 6131 flesch: 59 summary: The construction under dis- cussion consists of a second-person OCP and a first-person of a verbum dicendi: σὲ λέγω, σὲ λαλῶ, and their plurals σᾶς λέγω, σᾶς λαλῶ. The occurrence of σὲ λέγω after an emphasized verb/clause has probably played a principal role with regard to this evolution, for instance: κ’ εἰ µὲν τὸ ποιήσεις, σὲ λαλῶ, # ἀπάνω µου τὸ παίρνω (P 6333) keywords: chronicle; enclitic; greek; janse; medieval; ocps; position; proclisis; studies; verb; λαλῶ; λέγω; τὸν cache: grbs-13491.pdf plain text: grbs-13491.txt item: #317 of 1726 id: grbs-1351 author: Martin, Gunther title: Three Deletions in Euripides’ Ion date: 2010 words: 4313 flesch: 75 summary: The sequence of events is also peculiar: first Ion stands next to his father, then Xuthus decides to back either Ion or Creusa, and only then does Creusa hate. 29–40 © 2010 Gunther Martin Three Deletions in Euripides’ Ion Gunther Martin HE TRIMETER SECTIONS in Euripides’ Ion, as scholars have noted, may contain more spurious text than has yet been identified.1 keywords: athens; creusa; delphi; euripides; greek; ion; lines; son; studies; text; xuthus; ἐγγύθεν cache: grbs-1351.pdf plain text: grbs-1351.txt item: #318 of 1726 id: grbs-13521 author: Gibson, Craig A. title: How (not) to learn rhetoric: Lucian’s Rhetorum Praeceptor as rebuttal of a school exercise date: 2012 words: 8405 flesch: 64 summary: Anderson (Lucian 41–42) says, “This could be a typical apothegm from the Alexander- historians, but it also embodies two essential motifs from Lucian’s reper- toire. In the Rhetorum Prae- ceptor (hereafter Rh.Pr.), Lucian depicts two roads leading to rhetoric, an impossibly long and old-fashioned one (Virtue) and a comically short, easy, and disreputable one (Vice).3 Lucian’s 1 On the Prodicus myth in Xenophon (=84 B 2 D.-K.) see K. Jöel, Der echte und der xenophontische Sokrates II.1 (Berlin 1901) 284–560; D. Sansone, “Heracles at the Y,” JHS 124 (2004) 125–142. keywords: 89–110; chreia; demosthenes; dropout; education; greek; hesiod; libanius; lucian; novice; professor; rh.pr; rhetoric; road; studies; time; work cache: grbs-13521.pdf plain text: grbs-13521.txt item: #319 of 1726 id: grbs-13571 author: Pavlou, Maria title: Fathers in absentia in Pindar's Epinicians date: 2012 words: 11613 flesch: 61 summary: Apart from the Aeacidae, who are omnipresent and a stock-theme in the Aeginetan odes,58 at the very opening of the poem Pindar points to the Dorian character of Aegina (Δωρϱίδα νᾶσον, 3),59 53 T. Hubbard, “Two Notes on the Myth of Aeacus in Pindar,” GRBS 28 (1987) 5–22, at 7 and n.20. 54 W. Race, Pindar II (Loeb 1997); see also E. Mandruzzato, Pindaro. ”20 Pindar mentions Hagesimachus (22), the boy’s great-great-grandfather,21 Praxi- damas (15), his grandfather and the first Aeginetan who had a statue erected at Olympia,22 Callias (36) and Creontidas (40), most likely brothers of Praxidamas,23 while at the end of the poem there is also reference to a certain Polytimidas (62), who 18 D. Gerber, “Pindar, Nemean Six: A Commentary,” HSPC 99 (1999) 33– 91; B. W. Henry, Pindar’s Nemeans: A Selection (Munich 2005) 49–68. keywords: 57–88; absentia; aegina; alcimidas; aristocleidas; epharmostus; family; father; greek; maria; myth; nem; nemean; odes; opus; pavlou; pindar; poem; praise; pyth; relationship; studies; victory cache: grbs-13571.pdf plain text: grbs-13571.txt item: #320 of 1726 id: grbs-13581 author: Wortley, John title: Discretion: Greater than All the Virtues date: 2011 words: 7377 flesch: 69 summary: Said Abba Antony to him: “So it is too with the work of God (τὸ ἔρϱγον τοῦ Θεοῦ). [The brother goes to] “report his logismoi to Abba Silvanus, for he was one of great discretion [who] poulticed [κϰατέπλασεν] his soul keywords: abba; day; discretion; elder; god; john; logismoi; monk; person; right; studies; time; virtues; way; wortley; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-13581.pdf plain text: grbs-13581.txt item: #321 of 1726 id: grbs-1361 author: Sørensen, Søren Lund title: Eine Anspielung auf Kallimachos im 3 Makkabäerbuch date: 2010 words: 2687 flesch: 73 summary: Anfang des Buches ist an- ders, nämlich die Figur von Arsinoë, die Schwester und (später) die Frau von Ptolemaios Philopator. Sie ist keine andere als die Tochter von Berenike II (273–221 v. Chr.), die Schwester und Gattin des Ptolemaios III Euergetes (246– 222 v. Chr.), auf die sich das Gedicht von Kallimachos bezieht. keywords: aber; arsinoë; auch; auf; das; dass; den; der; des; die; eine; hat; ist; kallimachos; makk; und; vom; von cache: grbs-1361.pdf plain text: grbs-1361.txt item: #322 of 1726 id: grbs-13621 author: Sänger, Patrick title: The Administration of Sasanian Egypt: New Masters and Byzantine Continuity date: 2011 words: 4506 flesch: 61 summary: PATRICK SÄNGER 665 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 653–665 As a summary I give a synoptic table of the attested struc- tures of the Sasanian administration of Egypt discussed in this article.39 administrative area Persian military officials Byzantine civilian officials diocese (all Egypt) Saralaneozan (?) province Saralaneozan (sellarios of Arcadia?) sellarios of Thebais chrysones nome pagarchoi smaller areas / villages sellarioi kaballarioi ostvars vidarbads eirenarchai apaitetai September, 2011 I 164–165; A. C. Johnson, L. C. West, Byzantine Egypt: Economic Studies (Princeton 1949) 174; J. Gascou, K. A. Worp, “CPR VII 26: réédition,” Tyche 3 (1988) 105 with n.14. 9 keywords: administration; archive; byzantine; egypt; greek; officials; p.oxy; persian; roman; saralaneozan; sasanian; studies; sänger cache: grbs-13621.pdf plain text: grbs-13621.txt item: #323 of 1726 id: grbs-13631 author: Chaplin, Janet D. title: Conversations in History: Arrian and Herodotus, Parmenio and Alexander date: 2011 words: 7721 flesch: 56 summary: Finally, Arrian him- self thinks that Alexander acted thoughtlessly and that revenge 17 E. Carney, “Artifice and Alexander History,” in A. B. Bosworth and E. J. Baynham (eds.), Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction (Oxford 2000) 263– 285, esp. As A. B. Bosworth points out, it is “extraordinarily brief,” with no indication that Alexander spent four months based in the Persian capital; nor does Arrian mention the Macedonian army’s sack of the city. keywords: advice; alexander; arrian; chaplin; conversations; croesus; cyrus; greek; herodotus; history; king; parmenio; persepolis; persians; studies; time; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-13631.pdf plain text: grbs-13631.txt item: #324 of 1726 id: grbs-13651 author: Strolonga, Polyxeni title: The Foundation of the Oracle at Delphi in the Homeric Hymn to Apollo date: 2011 words: 9008 flesch: 60 summary: While in Telphousa Apollo did not make an offer of benefits, in the episode with the Cretan priests he makes an inadequate offer, which he then modifies. Strolonga ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 529–551 2011 Polyxeni Strolonga The Foundation of the Oracle at Delphi in the Homeric Hymn to Apollo Polyxeni Strolonga λέγεται δὲ πολλὰ µὲν κϰαὶ διάφορϱα ἐς αὐτοὺς τοὺς Δελφούς, πλείω δὲ ἔτι ἐς τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τὸ µαντεῖον (Paus. keywords: apollo; cult; delos; delphi; demeter; foundation; god; gods; humans; hymn; myth; oracle; poet; politics; reciprocity; serpent; studies; telphousa; temple cache: grbs-13651.pdf plain text: grbs-13651.txt item: #325 of 1726 id: grbs-13661 author: Juhel, Pierre title: Un fantôme de l’histoire hellénistique: le ‘district’ macédonien date: 2011 words: 12625 flesch: 60 summary: Indiquons que le point de vue de la numismate grecque a été récemment suivi par K. Dahmen dans sa con- tribution “The Numismatic Evidence,” du tout récent Companion to Ancient Macedonia 54–55. Non seulement constatera-t-on ici que ce sont seulement les villes qui envoient des députations à Persée, mais encore re- marquera-t-on que, quant aux besoins logistiques défaillants, le roi s’en remettait aux cités et aux cités seules: indice supplé- mentaire, à notre avis, de l’inexistence de la structure adminis- trative dudit ‘district’.97 Après Pydna, une autre occurrence du texte livien est un in- dice encore plus frappant de l’inexistence, à notre avis, desdits ‘districts’ dans la période des rois. keywords: administrative; ainsi; aux; avait; avec; bien; ces; cette; cités; comme; dans; dans la; dans les; de la; der; des; deux; districts; d’une; entre; est; fait; hatzopoulos; ici; institutions; juhel; la macédoine; les; les sources; littéraires; l’armée; l’on; l’organisation; macedonia; macédoine; macédoine des; macédonien; mais; même; nous; par; pas; philippe; pierre; plus; pour; que; que la; que les; qui; recrutement; roi; rois; royaume; sans; selon; son; sont; sources; sous; studies; sur; tout; und; une; von; était; été cache: grbs-13661.pdf plain text: grbs-13661.txt item: #326 of 1726 id: grbs-1371 author: Jordan, D. R. title: New Greek Curse Tablets (1985–2000) date: 2000 words: 11569 flesch: 93 summary: Willemsen 1990: 142–143 (ph., dr.). Willemsen 1990: 143–145 (ph., dr.). keywords: bibl; bép; curbera; curse; date; epb; greek; heintz; igds; inv; iva; jordan; ka‹; loc; max.pr; men; names; new; nom; ntda; prov; seg; sgd; tab; tablets; tdsg; text cache: grbs-1371.pdf plain text: grbs-1371.txt item: #327 of 1726 id: grbs-13751 author: Burton, Joan B. title: From Theocritean to Longan Bucolic: Eugenianus’ Drosilla and Charicles date: 2012 words: 10031 flesch: 64 summary: The novels of antiquity mention various pharmaka for love or grief, including sleep, embrace, and love potions.5 Eugenianus follows Longus in reaching outside ___ Tradition and Innovation in Hellenistic Poetry (Cambridge 2004) One last description of Eros highlights the interplay of be- nign and tormenting love imagery in Eugenianus’ novel. keywords: 684–713; book; bucolic; burton; charicles; dance; description; eros; eugenianus; greek; imagery; joan; longan; longus; love; novel; pharmakon; roman; song; studies; theocritean; theocritus; καὶ cache: grbs-13751.pdf plain text: grbs-13751.txt item: #328 of 1726 id: grbs-13781 author: Steiner, Deborah title: Drowning Sorrows: Archilochus fr.13 W. in its Performance Context date: 2012 words: 13379 flesch: 55 summary: 490–480,58 satyrs perform a variety of balancing acts using wine cups and other sympotic vessels. Sympotic poetry in the early archaic age and generic concerns The extant fragments of Archilochus include a number of works generally described as “consolatory,” poems in which the speaker seems to exhort himself and/or an addressee to bear up under the throes of an affliction and the consequent grief. keywords: archilochus; bowie; burnett; cup; deborah; drinking; drug; epic; fr.13; greek; grief; helen; language; lines; occasion; odysseus; performance; pharmakon; poetry; poets; sea; song; sorrows; steiner; studies; symposium; wine cache: grbs-13781.pdf plain text: grbs-13781.txt item: #329 of 1726 id: grbs-13791 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Date of Laonikos Chalkokondyles’ Histories date: 2012 words: 9541 flesch: 69 summary: As with the end of the Hundred Years’ War, Laonikos must have received and recorded this 16 For this passage in general see S. Vryonis, “Laonikos Chalkokondyles and the Ottoman Budget,” IJMES 7 (1976) 423–432. Kaldellis ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 111–136 2012 Anthony Kaldellis The Date of Laonikos Chalkokondyles’ Histories Anthony Kaldellis NLY TWO SUGGESTIONS have ever been made regard- ing when Laonikos stopped working on his Histories (Ἀποδείξεις Ἱστορϱιῶν), whose narrative peters out in the opening phases of the first great Venetian-Ottoman war, specifically in 1463–1464.1 keywords: 111–136; byzantine; date; events; greek; hasan; histories; history; jahanshah; juki; king; laonikos; matthias; ottoman; passage; son; studies; time; writing; κϰαὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-13791.pdf plain text: grbs-13791.txt item: #330 of 1726 id: grbs-13801 author: Koukouzika, Demetra; Manolessou, Io title: There and back again: Callimachus Epigr. 31 and the (Greek) Renaissance date: 2012 words: 3297 flesch: 64 summary: A hitherto unnoticed intertextual relationship between Cretan Renaissance drama on the one hand and Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso (1532) on the other is identified, thus adding one more piece to the elaborate mosaic which is Italian influence on the literature of the Cretan Renaissance.1 Last but not least, the literary function of the motif in various contexts, literary genres, and historical periods is evaluated. KoMa ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 137–146 2012 Demetra Koukouzika and Io Manolessou There and back again: Callimachus Epigr. 31 and the (Greek) Renaissance Demetra Koukouzika and Io Manolessou HE PRESENT PAPER investigates the history of a famous Callimachean motif, with a view to examining the ways in which an Alexandrian theme returns to Greek poetry, almost unchanged, after seventeen centuries, through the medium of Roman poetry and Renaissance Italian lit- erature. keywords: ariosto; callimachus; cretan; greek; hare; horace; hunter; literature; motif; renaissance; studies; κϰαὶ; κϰι cache: grbs-13801.pdf plain text: grbs-13801.txt item: #331 of 1726 id: grbs-1381 author: Wickkiser, Bronwen L. title: A Monologue of New Comedy on the Athenian Stage (PCG VIII 1001) date: 2010 words: 5458 flesch: 56 summary: And many theaters in the Greek world afforded a view of the acropolis from the vantage point of its actors, given that theaters were typically built into the slope of a hill, often the same hill that led to the acropolis (e.g. Messene, Corinth, Pergamon). In addition to these ritual and spatial links between the sanctuaries of Dionysus and Asklepios, it is remarkable that in no other ancient city did all three monuments—acropolis, theater, and sanctuary of Asklepios—lie in such close prox- imity. keywords: acropolis; asklepieion; asklepios; athens; century; comedy; dionysus; greek; menander; monologue; studies; theater; vision cache: grbs-1381.pdf plain text: grbs-1381.txt item: #332 of 1726 id: grbs-13901 author: Jim, Theodora Suk Fong title: The Vocabulary of Offerings in Ancient Greece date: 2012 words: 9908 flesch: 67 summary: Greek religious offerings could take many forms. Aeschylus alone provides us with three words for religious offerings ending in -τήριος or -τήρια.94 keywords: 310–337; aeschylus; b.c; century; fong; gift; gods; greek; hair; jim; lsj; naming; offering; oxford; s.v; sacrifice; seg; studies; suk; thank; theodora; victory; word; ζωάγρια; καὶ cache: grbs-13901.pdf plain text: grbs-13901.txt item: #333 of 1726 id: grbs-1391 author: Shiffman, Mark title: Erotic Wisdom and the Socratic Vocation in Plutarch’s Platonic Question 1 date: 2010 words: 11065 flesch: 48 summary: Two of these works are dialogues in which characters other than Plutarch invoke recollection tangentially to some other point they are making.29 In The Dialogue on Love, Plutarch as character, in his speech in praise of the god Eros, recasts material from Socrates’ Palinode in the Phaedrus to describe the experience of love—especially its power to “conduct the soul to the Plain of Truth” (765A) and to lead us to discover in the 28 T 244 EROTIC WISDOM AND THE SOCRATIC VOCATION ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 243–271 tradition in that he “attached great value to the zetetic and aporetic approach” of the Academics, nevertheless sets out to examine Plutarch’s meditation on Socrates in Platonic Question 1 in order to “study the way in which Plutarch incorporated Aca- demic themes in his brand of Platonism. keywords: 243–271; divine; god; greek; opinion; plato; plutarch; practice; question; socrates; studies; truth; vocation; wisdom cache: grbs-1391.pdf plain text: grbs-1391.txt item: #334 of 1726 id: grbs-13941 author: Kucharski, Janek title: Vindictive Prosecution in Classical Athens date: 2012 words: 11645 flesch: 58 summary: To the latter the recent debate on the criminalization of withdrawing public prosecutions is highly relevant, cf. ”14 Norms and numbers There are in total thirty-one preserved (at least in con- siderable amount) public prosecution speeches.15 Of these, five explicitly or implicitly deny any suggestions of personal en- mity.16 keywords: athenian; athens; case; dem; enmity; hansen; kucharski; law; litigation; lys; osborne; prosecution; public; revenge; rubinstein; speeches; studies cache: grbs-13941.pdf plain text: grbs-13941.txt item: #335 of 1726 id: grbs-13951 author: Nigdelis, Pantelis M. title: A New Procurator Augusti in the Province of Macedonia date: 2012 words: 3255 flesch: 64 summary: For the variety of abbreviated forms of the word in Latin inscriptions for im- perial freedmen, see Weaver, Familia Caesaris 72 ff. A PANTELIS M. NIGDELIS 199 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 198–207 PLATE 1: Inscription from Thessaloniki 200 A NEW PROCURATOR AUGUSTI ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 198–207 A. [ - - ca. keywords: greek; height; inscription; line; procurator; studies; thessaloniki; upper cache: grbs-13951.pdf plain text: grbs-13951.txt item: #336 of 1726 id: grbs-13961 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Interpolations in the Histories of Laonikos Chalkokondyles date: 2012 words: 9081 flesch: 64 summary: 264 INTERPOLATIONS IN THE HISTORIES OF LAONIKOS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 259–283 brief but unsupported observation, we can add that that ac- count is marked by Laonikos’ Hellenist view of Byzantium and Trebizond, especially in Mahmud’s speech to Georgios Ami- routzes and in the author’s own concluding remarks, which are vintage Laonikos (248.17–23): Τραπεζοῦς µὲν οὖν οὕτως ἑάλω, καὶ ἡ τῆς Κόλχων χώρα σύµπασα ὑπὸ βασιλεῖ ἐγένετο, ἡγεµονία καὶ αὕτη Ἑλλήνων οὖσα καὶ ἐς Bibliography on Laonikos will be cited below as ap- propriate. keywords: account; amiroutzes; angelos; david; digression; fall; greek; histories; history; interpolations; interpolator; laonikos; mehmed; passage; roman; studies; text; trebizond; καὶ cache: grbs-13961.pdf plain text: grbs-13961.txt item: #337 of 1726 id: grbs-13971 author: Lauritzen, Frederick title: Pagan Energies in Maximus the Confessor: The Influence of Proclus on Ad Thomam 5 date: 2012 words: 5202 flesch: 66 summary: Maximus’ adoption of energy to define the activity of Christ depended on Dionysius the Areopagite, but his interpretation of a divine power and human energy was based on Proclus’ view of the nature of energy or power. Maximus’ adoption of such a strategy is clarified by his distinction of a divine power and human energy (Ad Thomam 5.127–133): εἰ δὲ τούτων λόγος οὐδείς, εὐσεβῶς ὁµολογεῖσθαι χρὴ τάς τε τοῦ Χριστοῦ φύσεις ὧν αὐτὸς ὑπόστασις ἦν, καὶ τὰς αὐτοῦ φυσικὰς ἐνεργείας ὧν αὐτὸς ἕνωσις ἦν ἀληθὴς κατ’ ἄµφω τὰς φύσεις, εἴπερ ἑαυτῷ προσφυῶς, µοναδικῶς ἤγουν ἑνο- ειδῶς ἐνεργῶν, καὶ διὰ πάντων ἀχωρίστως τῇ θεϊκῇ δυνάµει συνεκφαίνων τῆς οἰκείας σαρκὸς τὴν ἐνέργειαν. keywords: byzantine; christ; confessor; dionysius; divine; energies; energy; human; maximus; nature; power; proclus; studies; thomam; καὶ; τῆς cache: grbs-13971.pdf plain text: grbs-13971.txt item: #338 of 1726 id: grbs-14041 author: Nassar, Mohammad; Turshan, Nizar title: Plant Mosaics in the Church at Ya῾amun date: 2012 words: 4582 flesch: 71 summary: This pattern is found in mosaics in other churches in Jordan in the Byzantine period; for example, in the Memorial of Moses-Diakonikon at Mount Nebo (530).51 There the grapes and interlaced frame are in black, yellow, and dark red, against a white background, but the interlaced lines are without the looped bands seen at Ya῾amun. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2012) 208–225 Costanza), of the second quarter of the fourth century.25 Grapevines decorated the floors of many churches in Jordan, and especially in scroll form, and also within geometric motifs, both of which we find at Ya῾amun. keywords: church; fig; greek; mosaics; piccirillo; pomegranate; red; studies; ya῾amun cache: grbs-14041.pdf plain text: grbs-14041.txt item: #339 of 1726 id: grbs-14081 author: Buxton, Richard Fernando title: Instructive Irony in Herodotus: The Socles Scene date: 2012 words: 10429 flesch: 53 summary: The imagery and language recur later in Herodotus’ only direct mention of Pericles, the emblematic figure of imperial Athens. Indeed, the connection between the contexts of 5.78 and the Socles scene is reinforced through the use of the verb αὐξάνω in the passive to describe the post-Pisistratid flourishing of Athens by both He- rodotus and the Spartans.33 The verb, moreover, is clearly a marked term for Herodotus, since it is also used to describe the growth of Cypselus after he evades assassination (5.92ε.1), and thus like the lion portent supplies another verbal link between Socles’ tyrants and imperial Athens. keywords: 559–586; allies; athenian; athens; freedom; greek; herodotus; hippias; histories; irony; persian; power; scene; self; socles; sparta; spartans; speech; studies; tyranny; war; ἐλευθερία cache: grbs-14081.pdf plain text: grbs-14081.txt item: #340 of 1726 id: grbs-141 author: Conley, Thomas M. title: John Italos’ Methodos Rhetorikê: Text and Commentary date: 2004 words: 9626 flesch: 72 summary: po›a taËta ka‹ §n t¤ni tÚ xalepÚn ¶xei ka‹ t¤na prÚ taÊthw efid°nai Ùfe¤lomen ka‹ t¤w # tãjiw, $n §n ta›w logika›w ¶xei §pistÆmaiw, ka‹ §p‹ pçsi t¤ tÚ kãlliston t!w prokeim°nhw dunãmevw, …w ín §k toÊtvn yevrhye¤h t!w paroÊshw pragmate¤aw ı skopÚw keywords: alexander; aristotle; conley; dialectic; e‰nai; går; htorikø; italos; john; ka‹; methodos; m¢n; nvn; ofl; per‹; prúw; rhetoric; t °; t!w; toë; to›w; t«n; tøn; tún; walz; éllå; ımoë cache: grbs-141.pdf plain text: grbs-141.txt item: #341 of 1726 id: grbs-1411 author: Ready, Jonathan L. title: Why Odysseus Strings His Bow date: 2010 words: 9575 flesch: 69 summary: Two other times in the poem characters liken Odysseus to a singer. The other passage that refers to knowledgeable craftsmen is at Il. 10.265: the boar’s tusk helmet that Odysseus dons was made “well and knowledgeably” (εὖ κϰαὶ ἐπισταµένως). keywords: agamemnon; basileus; bow; greek; guest; homeric; household; iliad; jonathan; lyre; odysseus; odyssey; people; poet; ready; simile; singer; strings; studies cache: grbs-1411.pdf plain text: grbs-1411.txt item: #342 of 1726 id: grbs-14131 author: Anagnostopoulos, Thalia title: Aristotle and Byzantine Iconoclasm date: 2013 words: 10383 flesch: 44 summary: With few exceptions, which will be discussed below, the Council of 787, organized and led by Patriarch Tarasios, emphasized the idea that sacred images were beneficial forms of painting, due to their mimetic value.21 Thus, the Acta at- tempt to distinguish superficially between the aims of pagan and Christian images: “The idea, therefore, and the tradition are theirs, not the painter’s. The following will suggest that Iconophile image theory in the ninth century cannot be appreciated fully by speculating ___ view of a scholastic approach: Brubaker and Haldon, Byzantium in the Icono- clast Era…A History 374–375; Cholij, Theodore the Stoudite 20; Parry, Depicting the Word 54; Lemerle, Byzantine Humanism 152–153; C. Mango, “Greek Cul- ture in Palestine after the Arab Conquest,” in Scritture, libri, e testi nelle aree pro- vinciali di Bisanzio (Spoleto 1991) 150. keywords: 763–790; aristotle; art; byzantium; century; christian; council; greek; iconoclasm; iconophile; icons; images; john; nikephoros; patriarch; period; studies; theodore cache: grbs-14131.pdf plain text: grbs-14131.txt item: #343 of 1726 id: grbs-14191 author: Hall, Alexander E. W. title: Dating the Homeric Hymn to Selene: Evidence and Implications date: 2012 words: 5694 flesch: 64 summary: In other Homeric Hymns we even find such requests connected to the subsequent performance. 15–30 implications for our understanding of the Hymn to Selene spe- cifically and the Homeric Hymn collection as a whole. keywords: 15–30; date; empedocles; greek; helios; homeric; hymn; language; light; selene; studies cache: grbs-14191.pdf plain text: grbs-14191.txt item: #344 of 1726 id: grbs-1421 author: Venticinque, Philip F. title: Family Affairs: Guild Regulations and Family Relationships in Roman Egypt date: 2010 words: 8363 flesch: 58 summary: V 243 also seem to suggest the continued importance of the family as a unit, and the role that a guild attempted to play in protecting that cohesion, which lies at the heart of relationships between guild members. This might be the logic behind the salt-merchants’ decision to also punish those who failed to fulfill “public obligations” ([µ]ὴ̣ [ἀ]ν̣απλε- ρϱοῦντά τι τῶν δηµοσίων) or other public claims by allowing their guild president to arrest the offending party wherever he is found.27 Attention to the family composition of guilds and the im- portance of creating and maintaining bonds of trust between guild members brings the provisions aimed at intrigue or cor- ruption of the home into finer focus. keywords: 273–294; a.d; associations; craftsmen; drachmas; economic; egypt; families; family; greek; group; guild; members; membership; p.mich; roman; studies; venticinque; weavers cache: grbs-1421.pdf plain text: grbs-1421.txt item: #345 of 1726 id: grbs-14231 author: Prieto-Domínguez, Oscar title: On the Founder of the Skripou Church: Literary Trends in the Milieu of Photius date: 2013 words: 10195 flesch: 64 summary: T OSCAR PRIETO-DOMÍNGUEZ 167 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 166–191 The church walls bear four inscriptions: the first is a single line along the apse, commending the souls of Leo and his fam- ily to the Virgin.3 Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 166–191 The construction of the church of Skripou also must be understood as a status symbol: a provincial man like Leo, who had been successful at court, wished to show off his personal wealth and his closeness to the emperor before his Boeotian countrymen.12 This explains the repetition of his titles in all the inscriptions, which were placed low to make reading easier. keywords: basil; byzantine; century; christian; church; constantinople; domínguez; founder; greek; heracles; homeric; inscriptions; lauxtermann; leo; oikonomidès; oscar; patriarch; photius; poem; poetry; prieto; protospatharios; skripou; skripou church; studies; virgin; καὶ; τοῦ; τῶν cache: grbs-14231.pdf plain text: grbs-14231.txt item: #346 of 1726 id: grbs-14271 author: Niehoff, Maren R. title: Philo and Plutarch as Biographers: Parallel Responses to Roman Stoicism date: 2012 words: 11555 flesch: 57 summary: Niehoff ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 361–392 2012 Maren R. Niehoff Philo and Plutarch as Biographers: Parallel Responses to Roman Stoicism Maren R. Niehoff LUTARCH’S ACHIEVEMENT as a biographer has often been appreciated as a highly innovative development of ancient Aristotelian models.1 His famous portrayal of characters is indeed remarkable and clearly superior to the rather more schematic presentation of national heroes by Nepos, who has sometimes been drawn into the discussion as Plutarch’s closest predecessor.2 In this article I would like to introduce Philo of Alexandria as a significant precursor, who has been largely overlooked thus far, probably because he dealt with Biblical rather than Greco-Roman heroes.3 Despite this difference in their choice of protagonists, Philo and Plutarch re- 1 See esp. 3 Consider two important yet only partial exceptions: L. H. Feldman, Philo’s Portrayal of Moses in the Context of Ancient Judaism (Notre Dame 2007) 19–27, identifies Philo as a significant biographer before Plutarch, but does not yet provide an overall analysis of the two. keywords: alcibiades; biographers; biography; character; circumstances; context; greek; heroes; life; lives; maren; moses; niehoff; philo; plutarch; roman; rome; self; studies cache: grbs-14271.pdf plain text: grbs-14271.txt item: #347 of 1726 id: grbs-14281 author: Eckerman, Christopher C. title: Was Epinician Poetry Performed at Panhellenic Sanctuaries? date: 2012 words: 8205 flesch: 60 summary: 43 M. M. Willcock, Pindar, Victory Odes: Olympians, 2, 7, and 11, Nemean 4, Isthmians 3, 4, and 7 (Cambridge 1995) 55. 44 As Felson notes,55 if ocular deictics once anchored an ode by pointing to the site and occasion of its first performance, such deictics—together, in the case of victory odes, with the naming of the victor, his ___ mance 49–69; Carey, in Pindar’s Poetry, Patrons, and Festivals 199–210; Morri- son, Performances and Audiences 11–19. keywords: bacchylides; ceos; epinician; evidence; gelzer; greek; line; ode; odes; performance; pindar; poetry; sanctuaries; site; site performance; studies; victor cache: grbs-14281.pdf plain text: grbs-14281.txt item: #348 of 1726 id: grbs-14291 author: Iglesias-Zoido, J. Carlos title: Thucydides in the School Rhetoric of the Imperial Period date: 2012 words: 10504 flesch: 55 summary: This same confrontation, as a source of rhetorical speeches, was already present in the pro- gymnasmata by Theon, where he quotes as a model of a credible account that given by Thucydides on the first confrontation 62 Amato and Sauterel, in Clio 48 n.8. This also should be seen in relation to the opinions of authors like Cicero or Quin- tilian concerning Thucydides’ speeches, that they would be useful from the viewpoint of content and ideas, but should not be imitated in terms of style.50 These declamations make evident the admiration that Ari- stides felt for the Athenian historian’s speeches, an admiration which he displays quite clearly throughout his writings and which became fundamental to some of his compositions.51 Some of Thucydides’ important speeches served as excuses for the creation of other rhetorical declamations, such as For Peace 48 Cf. keywords: aristides; context; declamations; example; general; greek; history; iglesias; passages; period; process; progymnasmata; rhetoric; school; speeches; studies; theon; thucydides; work; zoido cache: grbs-14291.pdf plain text: grbs-14291.txt item: #349 of 1726 id: grbs-14301 author: Laflı, Ergün; Buora, Maurizio; Mastrocinque, Attilio title: A New Osiriform Lamp from Antioch in the Hatay Archaeological Museum date: 2012 words: 5691 flesch: 69 summary: Monuments pharaoniques dé- couverts récemment à Alexandrie,” 7–19; P. Gallo, “Gli aegyptiaca della colonia romana di Luni,” in Atti del convegno Archeologia nei territori Apuo- Versiliese e Modenese-Reggiano (Modena 1994) 67–87; S. Francocci, “New Data on the ‘Osiriform’ Lamps,” Göttinger Miszellen 186 (2002) 37–42. According to tradition they were golden and dark.10 5 J. Perlzweig, Lamps from the Athenian Agora (Agora Picture Book 9 [Prince- ton 1963]) 24, no. 58. keywords: antioch; bronze; buora; century; god; greek; isis; lamp; magic; mastrocinque; museum; new; osiriform; osiris; rome; snake; studies cache: grbs-14301.pdf plain text: grbs-14301.txt item: #350 of 1726 id: grbs-1431 author: Wilkinson, Kevin W. title: Some Neologisms in the Epigrams of Palladas date: 2010 words: 5181 flesch: 68 summary: On two other occasions, Palladas uses Christian words that were new in the early fourth century. Wilk ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 295–308 © 2010 Kevin W. Wilkinson Some Neologisms in the Epigrams of Palladas Kevin W. Wilkinson ALLADAS OF ALEXANDRIA can lay claim to being the last major writer of Greek scoptic epigram.1 keywords: anth.pal; century; christian; constantine; epigram; greek; latin; neologisms; new; palladas; studies; wilkinson; word cache: grbs-1431.pdf plain text: grbs-1431.txt item: #351 of 1726 id: grbs-14311 author: Maslov, Boris title: The Limits of Platonism: Gregory of Nazianzus and the Invention of theōsis date: 2012 words: 11088 flesch: 51 summary: As earlier, the defining feature of Christian divinization is the absence of self-interest, which is made possible by oikeiōsis, that is, by redrawing the boundary of the self in a way that implies identification with the divine.15 In contrast to the familiar Platonic idea of assimilation to the divine, Gregory’s divinization does not involve rejection of human nature, in its embodied state, as irrevocably corrupt. maslov ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 440–468 2012 Boris Maslov The Limits of Platonism: Gregory of Nazianzus and the Invention of theōsis Boris Maslov I. Introduction: Genealogies of divinization HE CONCEPT of theōsis (divinization or deification) of the human, which originated in Greek patristic thought, gained a peculiar prominence in the Christian East.1 This is often remarked upon, and recent work on theōsis has clarified the significance of this term in Greek patristic authors; its provenance in the preceding philosophical tradition, how- ever, remains opaque. keywords: body; christian; concept; divine; divinization; doctrine; god; greek; gregory; human; limits; maslov; nature; nazianzus; notion; oikeiōsis; platonism; self; soul; studies; term; theōsis; use; world; καὶ cache: grbs-14311.pdf plain text: grbs-14311.txt item: #352 of 1726 id: grbs-14321 author: Roskam, Geert title: Two Controversial Passages in Damascius (In Phd. I 275–292 and II 28) date: 2012 words: 8463 flesch: 57 summary: This conclusion, however, immediately entails another difficult question: Damascius I (fr.215–216) obviously shows exactly the opposite structure of Damascius II (fr.217): 23 The composition of the other list (Damascius II), 482 TWO CONTROVERSIAL PASSAGES IN DAMASCIUS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 469–492 implications: (1) In neither list is the order arbitrary,25 as it reflects respectively the original structure of the source and the didactic systematisation by Damascius. keywords: 469–492; argument; commentary; damascius; discussion; extracts; fragments; greek; phaedo; plutarch; proclus; recollection; studies; work cache: grbs-14321.pdf plain text: grbs-14321.txt item: #353 of 1726 id: grbs-14331 author: Nünlist, René title: Homer as a Blueprint for Speechwriters: Eustathius’ Commentaries and Rhetoric date: 2012 words: 5902 flesch: 67 summary: While this general problem still awaits a satisfactory solution, the present article will have shown that Eustathius time and again calls his readers’ attention to Homeric passages that are suitable to creative reuse in their own speeches. Given the large number of Homeric passages that Eustathius singles out as possible models for speechwriters, the question might arise whether he envisages his readers to write something like a cento; this, however, is not the case. keywords: 493–509; der; eustathius; greek; homeric; note; passage; progymnasmata; studies; valk; van; words; καὶ; ὅτι cache: grbs-14331.pdf plain text: grbs-14331.txt item: #354 of 1726 id: grbs-14391 author: Pavlou, Maria title: Bacchylides 17: Singing and Usurping the Paean date: 2012 words: 11290 flesch: 70 summary: Ap. was actually inscribed on a whitened tablet for public view on Delos.48 Let us turn to the significance of Apollo Delphinios for Athens and his relation, if any, to Theseus. Also associated with Apollo Delphinios was Theseus’ capture of the bull of Marathon: keywords: 510–539; apollo; athenians; athens; bacchylides; century; cult; dance; delos; delphinios; dithyramb; dolphins; geranos; greek; hymn.hom.ap; nereids; ode; paean; poem; poseidon; singing; studies; theseus cache: grbs-14391.pdf plain text: grbs-14391.txt item: #355 of 1726 id: grbs-1441 author: Iglesias-Zoido, J. C. title: The Pre-Battle Speeches of Alexander at Issus and Gaugamela date: 2010 words: 9693 flesch: 50 summary: Such speeches are of interest to historians as they provide insights into the different motivational factors to which soldiers reacted at crucial battles.5 Above all, however, pre-battle speeches are a privileged example of the influence of rhetoric on ancient historiography, since the presentation of the general’s words before a battle provided an excellent op- portunity to apply historians’ rhetorical training.6 In our opinion, rhetoric and historiography went together in the ancient world. T1 (I.S.) 4.14.8–26: Darius’ pre-battle speech to his troops. keywords: alexander; arrian; battle; commanders; curtius; exhortation; gaugamela; greek; historians; historiography; iglesias; speeches; studies; style; troops; zoido cache: grbs-1441.pdf plain text: grbs-1441.txt item: #356 of 1726 id: grbs-14421 author: Floridi, Lucia title: Greek Skoptic Epigram and ‘Popular’ Literature: Anth.Gr. XI and the Philogelos date: 2012 words: 10728 flesch: 68 summary: The aim of this paper is to explore these points of contact, concentrating in particular on two aspects: (1) thematic analo- gies between Greek skoptic epigrams and popular ancient ___ 1998) While one of the main features of popular literature is, as Hansen puts it, “straightforwardness, the con- trary of subtlety and indirection” (xiv), so that a certain content is expressed regardless of style, in skoptic epigram not only the object, but also the mode of representation is very important. keywords: andreassi; anth.gr; anthology; character; death; doctor; epigram; facezie; floridi; greek; idea; jokes; literature; lucia; lucillius; miser; order; philogelos; point; scheme; similarities; structure; studies; texts; εἰς; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-14421.pdf plain text: grbs-14421.txt item: #357 of 1726 id: grbs-14441 author: Spyridakis, Stylianos title: Circus Factions in Sixth-Century Crete date: 1967 words: 634 flesch: 54 summary: M. Guarducci, a student of Halbherr, published it in her monumental edition of the Cretan inscriptions and dated it in the sixth century.1 The importance of this document, which provides the only evidence for the existence of circus factions in Crete, has hitherto gone un­ noticed. Q. Metellus, the conqueror of Crete, destroyed Cnossus, the traditional Cretan antagonist of Gonyn. keywords: century; crete; factions cache: grbs-14441.pdf plain text: grbs-14441.txt item: #358 of 1726 id: grbs-14491 author: Nuti, Erika title: Reconsidering Renaissance Greek Grammars through the Case of Chrysoloras’ Erotemata date: 2013 words: 11314 flesch: 53 summary: It is likely that this copy was owned by the famous humanist Giorgio Valla, Lascaris’ Milanese pupil and later teacher of Greek, whose collection of Greek texts is preserved almost intact in the library of Modena. Early humanists were inter- ested in Greek texts only because they were tools for better understanding Latin literature and history, a pattern traced by Petrarch and later followed by Bruni.56 Therefore, during this period grammars were not supposed to be difficult or complex. keywords: byzantine; century; chrysoloras; compendium; copy; erotemata; grammars; greek; greek grammars; guarinian; guarino; lascaris; manuscript; original; renaissance; renaissance greek; rollo; studies; teaching; text; version; western cache: grbs-14491.pdf plain text: grbs-14491.txt item: #359 of 1726 id: grbs-14501 author: Soltic, Jorie title: Late Medieval Greek πάλιν: A Discourse Marker Signalling Topic Switch date: 2013 words: 9690 flesch: 65 summary: More spe- cifically, I will argue that non-initial πάλιν can be considered a topic switch marker, as it tends to follow topicalized, i.e. known or at least derivable, information, such as pronouns, demon- strative adverbs and adjectives like ἄλλος (‘another’). Adverb 64 Verb 52 Adjective 41 Conjunction61 31 Preposition 1 TABLE 3: Lexical word class of the word before non-initial πάλιν Especially the classification according to lexical word class is revealing: more than a quarter of the words before non-initial πάλιν (88/351) are pronouns, either personal pronouns such as ἐγώ or demonstrative pronouns of an anaphoric (i.e. pointing back) nature such as ἐκεῖνος. keywords: adverbs; brinton; byzantine; discourse; dms; examples; greek; information; initial; jorie; language; lexical; lmg; markers; meaning; medieval; pronouns; roman; studies; topic; word; καὶ; πάλιν cache: grbs-14501.pdf plain text: grbs-14501.txt item: #360 of 1726 id: grbs-1451 author: Bosman, Philip R. title: The Gymnosophist Riddle Contest (Berol. P. 13044): A Cynic Text? date: 2010 words: 6584 flesch: 61 summary: Wilcken 163; G. Zuntz, “Zu Alexanders Gespräch mit den Gymnosophisten,” Hermes 87 (1959) 436–440; H. van Thiel, “Alexander’s Gespräch mit den Gymnosophisten,” Hermes 100 (1972) 343–346; J. R. Hamilton, Plutarch Alexander: A Commentary (Oxford 1969) 179; Stoneman, JHS 115 (1995) 111. Alexander Historians and the Alexander Romance,” JHS 115 (1995) 99– 114, at 110. keywords: alexander; clothing; contest; dandamis; gift; greek; onesicritus; papyrus; question; riddle; scene; studies; wilcken cache: grbs-1451.pdf plain text: grbs-1451.txt item: #361 of 1726 id: grbs-14511 author: Kremmydas, Christos title: The Discourse of Deception and Characterization in Attic Oratory date: 2013 words: 13402 flesch: 62 summary: The ‘mechanics’ of deception and characterization The reality of rhetorical deception is regularly referred to by public speakers as a fact of civic life. Recurrent expressions disclaiming deception, denouncing the opponent’s deception, or describing the demos’ past dealings with deceptive orators (anti-deception topoi) abound in the orators and demonstrate diversity in terms of their wording, intensity, and intended effect as they are employed in different rhetorical contexts. keywords: aeschines; athenian; audience; category; characterization; christos; context; deception; demosthenes; discourse; forensic; greek; kremmydas; opponent; orators; people; philip; prosecution; public; speaker; speeches; studies; topoi; use; καὶ; τοὺς; τῶν cache: grbs-14511.pdf plain text: grbs-14511.txt item: #362 of 1726 id: grbs-14521 author: Cullhed, Eric title: Movement and Sound on the Shield of Achilles in Ancient Exegesis date: 2014 words: 9929 flesch: 65 summary: Cullhed ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 192–219 2014 Eric Cullhed Movement and Sound on the Shield of Achilles in Ancient Exegesis Eric Cullhed HE MODE OF EXPRESSION employed by Homer in his description of the shield of Achilles (Il. 18.478–608) has been subject to intense discussions throughout the modern era. This is largely due to the influence of the great renaissance literary theorist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558), who in his comparison between Homer and Virgil in the fifth book of his Poetice designated the shield as one of the strongest arguments for the decided superiority of the Roman poet.1 What bothered Scaliger were mainly the exuberant effects of movement and sound in the Homeric passage. keywords: achilles; aristonicus; arms; cullhed; der; description; ekphrasis; eric; eustathios; fiction; figures; hephaestus; homer; iliad; living; movement; schol; scholia; shield; sound; studies; way; καὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-14521.pdf plain text: grbs-14521.txt item: #363 of 1726 id: grbs-14541 author: Burges Watson, Sarah title: Muses of Lesbos or (Aeschylean) Muses of Pieria? Orpheus’ Head on a Fifth-century Hydria date: 2013 words: 7402 flesch: 69 summary: “Orpheus” also says that Orpheus was the student of Linos (= Linus 59aT.II); elsewhere, however, the Suda makes Linos Orpheus’ great-grandfather (s.v. 440 and may be the earliest representation of the story that Orpheus’ head remained articulate after his decapitation by Thracian women.1 Reaching down to the head, which looks up at him from a crevice in a rock, is a bearded man wearing a laurel crown, with a cloak slung over his shoulder. keywords: aeschylus; apollo; century; dionysos; greek; head; hydria; lesbos; linos; mousaios; muses; orpheus; pieria; story; studies; vase cache: grbs-14541.pdf plain text: grbs-14541.txt item: #364 of 1726 id: grbs-14581 author: Gansten, Martin title: Balbillus and the Method of aphesis date: 2012 words: 5289 flesch: 56 summary: In conclusion, we see that Neugebauer and Van Hoesen, as well as more recent authors building on their work, failed to grasp three major points of Balbillus’ astrological method in determining the length of life from starter and destroyer. Rising times were expressed in equa- torial degrees, each degree symbolically corresponding to one year in the life of the subject of the nativity. keywords: balbillus; destroyer; greek; life; mars; method; ptolemy; starter; sun cache: grbs-14581.pdf plain text: grbs-14581.txt item: #365 of 1726 id: grbs-14591 author: Afanas’eva, Tatyana I.; Ivanov, Sergey A. title: Unexpected Evidence concerning Gold Mining in Early Byzantium date: 2013 words: 2156 flesch: 62 summary: This can be illustrated by im- perial decrees: an edict of Valentinian and Valens in 369 regulated forced labor in gold mining (Cod. TATYANA I. AFANAS’EVA AND SERGEY A. IVANOV 143 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 138–144 est imperial decrees concerning gold mining. keywords: byzantine; gold; greek; liturgy; mines; roman cache: grbs-14591.pdf plain text: grbs-14591.txt item: #366 of 1726 id: grbs-1461 author: Dale, Alexander title: Lyric Epigrams in Meleager’s Garland, the Anthologia Palatina, and the Anthologia Planudea date: 2010 words: 8077 flesch: 71 summary: Dale ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 193–213 © 2010 Alexander Dale Lyric Epigrams in Meleager’s Garland, the Anthologia Palatina, and the Anthologia Planudea Alexander Dale ELEAGER’S GARLAND, it has often been suggested, contained, in addition to the many hundreds of elegiac epigrams that we can ascribe to that col- lection, a small but significant number of non-elegiac, and specifically lyric, epigrams that were transmitted through the centuries to end up in the Anthology of Constantine Cephalas, whence they found their way into the Palatine Anthology, the main source for our knowledge of Greek epigram from the Classical to Byzantine periods.1 In the following analysis I ar- gue that there is little if any evidence for the inclusion of non- elegiac epigrams in Meleager, a thesis which if accepted would have implications not only for the transmission of the text of the epigrams in question, but also for the issue of generic classi- fication and the formal features of epigram in the time leading 1 E.g. Cameron 13; E. Magnelli, “Meter and Diction: From Refinement to Mannerism,” in P. Bing and J. S. Bruss (eds.), Brill’s Companion to Hellenistic Epigram (Leiden 2007) That being said, the cumulative weight of evidence strongly suggests that Meleager limited himself solely to elegiac epigrams, and that the few non-elegiac epigrams by Meleagrian authors that we do find in Anth. keywords: anth.pal; cameron; cephalas; epigrams; garland; meleager; meleagrian; michael; studies; vii; xiii cache: grbs-1461.pdf plain text: grbs-1461.txt item: #367 of 1726 id: grbs-14635 author: Xenophontos, Sophia title: Comedy in Plutarch’s Parallel Lives date: 2012 words: 10536 flesch: 56 summary: At the beginning of Fabius Plutarch resorts again to nick- names. In Pericles Plutarch makes more extensive use of comic citations than in any other Life.27 keywords: 603–631; antony; cicero; comedy; demetrius; demosthenes; fabius; greek; hero; invective; life; lives; minucius; mockery; parallel; pericles; plutarch; roman; soldier; stratocles; studies; xenophontos; καὶ cache: grbs-14635.pdf plain text: grbs-14635.txt item: #368 of 1726 id: grbs-14637 author: al-Muheisen, Zeidoun; Nassar, Mohammad title: The Second Church at Yasileh in Jordan and its Mosaics date: 2012 words: 5916 flesch: 68 summary: Second, comparison with other churches in Jordan suggests that the church could have had an apsidal niche; but it is difficult to reconstruct the original plan of this part of the church owing to destruction of the mosaic pavement and most of the foundations. MuhNass ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 661–683 2012 Zeidoun al-Muheisen and Mohammad Nassar The Second Church at Yasileh in Jordan and its Mosaics Zeidoun al-Muheisen and Mohammad Nassar ASILEH IN NORTHERN JORDAN has two churches from the Byzantine period, both located on the western bank of the Wadi Yasileh, an important site nine km. keywords: byzantine; church; fig; jordan; mosaics; northern; wall; yasileh cache: grbs-14637.pdf plain text: grbs-14637.txt item: #369 of 1726 id: grbs-14639 author: Philippides, Marios title: Tears of the Great Church: The Lamentation of Santa Sophia date: 2012 words: 9335 flesch: 66 summary: Cf. D. A. Zakythinos, “Μανουὴλ Β´ ὁ Παλαι- ολόγος καὶ ὁ Καρδινάλιος Ἰσίδωρος ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ,” in Mélanges offerts à Octave et Melpo Merlier III (Athens 1957) 45–69; V. Laurent, “Isidore de Kiev et la métropole de Monembasie,” REByz 17 (1959) 150–157; J. W. Barker, Manuel II Palaeologus (1391–1425): A Study in Late Byzantine Statesmanship (New Brunswick 1969) 525–526; and K. M. Setton, The Papacy and the Levant II (Philadelphia 1976) 3–4 n.5. “Τὸ συµπέρασµα εἶναι ὅτι ἀµφότεραι αἱ δηµηγορίαι οὐδέποτε ἐγένοντο καὶ … ἀνήκουν … εἰϛ τὴν φαντασίαν τοῦ Λεονάρδου” (33). keywords: athens; byzantine; century; church; constantine; constantinople; dominant; emperor; fall; fauriel; greek; isidore; line; marios; patriarch; philippides; poem; pouqueville; pusculo; santa; sophia; studies; union; version; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῆϛ cache: grbs-14639.pdf plain text: grbs-14639.txt item: #370 of 1726 id: grbs-14641 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Greek Sources of Laonikos Chalkokondyles’ Histories date: 2012 words: 10149 flesch: 68 summary: It is curious to observe that Nicoloudis, Laonikos, who believes that Laonikos used Gregoras, constantly corrects Laonikos’ grossest errors in the commentary by himself using Gregoras. Kaldellis ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 52 (2012) 738–765 2012 Anthony Kaldellis The Greek Sources of Laonikos Chalkokondyles’ Histories Anthony Kaldellis IKE HIS LITERARY MODEL, Thucydides, Laonikos Chal- kokondyles does not mention any of the sources that he used in writing his history of the rise of the Ottoman Turks and fall of the Byzantine empire. keywords: anthony; bruni; byzantine; chalkokondyles; events; fact; greek; gregoras; histories; history; information; kaldellis; laonikos; manuel; nastase; oration; parallels; plethon; sources; studies; turks; καὶ; τὴν; τῆς cache: grbs-14641.pdf plain text: grbs-14641.txt item: #371 of 1726 id: grbs-14643 author: Scafoglio, Giampiero title: The Betrayal of Aeneas date: 2012 words: 5373 flesch: 69 summary: N. van der Ben, “De Homerische Aphrodite-hymne I: De Aeneas-passages in de Ilias,” Lampas 13 (1980) 40–77; P. Smith, “Aineidai as Patrons of Iliad XX and the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite,” HSCP 85 (1981) 17–58; M. W. Edwards, The Iliad: A Commentary V (Cambridge 1991) 299–301; A. Faulkner, The Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite (Oxford/New 8 THE BETRAYAL OF AENEAS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 1–14 Nevertheless, in the Iliad there is a hint that could point (al- beit subtly) to the treason of Aeneas or, at least, to his rivalry with Priam. But Virgil presents Aeneas as pius even in the broadest sense, which consists in devotion to the gods and to the homeland, despite his escape on that fateful night: his loyalty to his country is realized, together with his religious devotion, in the mission which he is entrusted by Fate, as Hector tells him in a prophetic dream that very night (2.268–297, notably 288– 295).7 keywords: 1–14; achilles; aeneas; betrayal; cycle; davies; epic; fragments; greek; homeric; priam; scafoglio; studies; tzetzes cache: grbs-14643.pdf plain text: grbs-14643.txt item: #372 of 1726 id: grbs-14673 author: Nutzman, Megan title: Mary in the Protevangelium of James: A Jewish Woman in the Temple? date: 2013 words: 11370 flesch: 64 summary: Jas. portrays Mary as a sacrificial substi- tute, which could explain her placement on the steps of the altar (Accessing the Virgin: Gender and Purity in the ‘Protevangelium of James’ Jas. placed it firmly within the category of texts originating in Palestine and led to his conclusion that the author was most likely a Palestinian Jew.12 Timothy Horner maintained that Mary’s ___ portant question is largely outside the scope of the present article, but a brief word about definitions is in order. keywords: 551–578; author; christian; greek; james; jas; mary; mishnah; nazirite; nazirite vow; num; prot; protevangelium; studies; temple; virgins; vow; water; women cache: grbs-14673.pdf plain text: grbs-14673.txt item: #373 of 1726 id: grbs-14681 author: Nachtergaele, Delphine title: The Asklepiades and Athenodoros Archives. A Case Study of a Linguistic Approach to Papyrus Letters date: 2013 words: 9002 flesch: 67 summary: The Greek formula may have been an innovation from the Asklepiades and Athenodoros archives, but it was probably not widespread. Especially if we focus on the first century B.C. and the beginning of the first century A.D.—the period to which the two archives belong—the contrast between the use of the comparative subclause in the archives and in other letters is remarkable: of the 27 occurrences of the com- parative subclause from that period, no less than 25 are from either the Asklepiades or the Athenodoros archive, while only two documents from outside those archives contain it.25 This means that 92.6% of all occurrences of this kind of health wish, between 100 B.C. and the early first century A.D., come from the two archives. keywords: archives; asklepiades; athenodoros; athenodoros archives; bgu; comparative; greek; health; health wish; letters; studies; subclause; wish cache: grbs-14681.pdf plain text: grbs-14681.txt item: #374 of 1726 id: grbs-14683 author: Ramelli, Ilaria L. E. title: Evagrius and Gregory: Nazianzen or Nyssen? Cappadocian (and Origenian) Influence on Evagrius date: 2013 words: 7998 flesch: 56 summary: Thus Gregory of Nyssa, according to Palladius, treated Evagrius with kindness and friendship, and after the death of Basil ordained Evagrius deacon.22 Palladius does not even speak of Nazianzen here, but only of Basil first, and then of Nyssen. Gregory of Nyssa is, among the Cappadocians and among all 1 At the very least see A. Casiday, Evagrius Ponticus (New York 2006); J. Konstantinovsky, Evagrius Ponticus: The Making of a Gnostic (Burlington 2009); K. Corrigan, Evagrius and Gregory: Mind, Soul and Body in the 4th Century (Farnham/Burlington 2009). keywords: basil; bishop; constantinople; evagrius; greek; gregory; gregory nazianzen; gregory nyssen; nazianzen; nyssa; nyssen; origen; palladius; ramelli; socrates; studies; thought cache: grbs-14683.pdf plain text: grbs-14683.txt item: #375 of 1726 id: grbs-14687 author: Wear, Sarah Klitenic title: Another Link in the Golden Chain: Aeneas of Gaza and Zacharias Scholasticus on Plotinus Enn. 4.3 date: 2013 words: 8062 flesch: 61 summary: U. London 2010); Downey, Gaza; M. Wacht, Aeneas von Gaza als Apologet. Like Aeneas, Zacharias attacks co-eternity of the world with God as rooted in the Platonist concept that the universe is created without divine will. keywords: aeneas; alexandria; ammonius; body; christian; creation; gaza; god; greek; platonist; plotinus; shadow; soul; studies; theophrastus; universe; zacharias; καὶ cache: grbs-14687.pdf plain text: grbs-14687.txt item: #376 of 1726 id: grbs-14689 author: Neville, Leonora title: Lamentation, History, and Female Authorship in Anna Komnene’s Alexiad date: 2013 words: 10101 flesch: 62 summary: At the point of Alexios’ death Anna describes ___ watched over the bodies buried at their feet”: S. Gerstel, “Painted Sources for Female Piety in Medieval Byzantium,” DOP 52 (1998) 89–111, at 102. Yet in its title, Alexiad, and frequent Homeric vocabulary and imagery, it brings the archaic epics to mind.1 The characterization of Alexios as a wily sea captain steering the empire through con- stant storms with guile and courage strongly recalls Odysseus.2 Both in its epic cast and in other factors discussed below, Anna did not adhere strictly to the rules of writing history and rather seems to have played with the boundaries of the genre. keywords: alexiad; alexios; anna; authorship; byzantine; classical; death; female; gender; greek; grief; history; komnene; lamentation; leonora; mourning; neville; self; studies; tradition; tragedy; women; writing; καὶ; τὴν; τῆς cache: grbs-14689.pdf plain text: grbs-14689.txt item: #377 of 1726 id: grbs-14691 author: Marciniak, Przemysław title: Theodore Prodromos’ Bion Prasis: A Reappraisal date: 2013 words: 7730 flesch: 65 summary: PRZEMYSŁAW MARCINIAK 231 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 219–239 patchwork, made up of quotations from ancient texts, can be funny? Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 219–239 the beginning of the nineenth century,3 and was not reprinted by Migne in PG 133 which contains other texts from Vat.gr. keywords: aristophanes; bion; bion prasis; buyer; byzantine; byzantium; century; greek; hermes; homer; humour; latin; lucian; marciniak; piece; pomponius; prasis; prodromos; przemysław; roman; studies; text; theodore; work; καὶ cache: grbs-14691.pdf plain text: grbs-14691.txt item: #378 of 1726 id: grbs-14699 author: Mallan, Christopher Thomas title: The Style, Method, and Programme of Xiphilinus' Epitome of Cassius Dio's Roman History date: 2013 words: 12915 flesch: 60 summary: Mallan ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 610–644 2013 Christopher Mallan The Style, Method, and Programme of Xiphilinus’ Epitome of Cassius Dio’s Roman History Christopher Mallan N TERMS OF SCALE ALONE Xiphilinus’ Epitome of Cassius Dio’s Roman History is one of the more ambitious works of middle Byzantine historiography.1 Its historical vision, covering the period from 69 B.C. through A.D. 229, on first inspection, sits uncomfortably with the other works of history written during the eleventh century. 3 Millar’s comments are typical (Study 2): “Xiphilinus’ work is not so much a précis of Dio as a rather erratic selection from his material, sub- stantially, but not invariably, in Dio’s order and often keeping very close to Dio’s wording. keywords: account; attaleiates; byzantine; cassius; century; christopher; dio; eleventh; epitome; greek; history; interest; mallan; marcus; material; michael; narrative; pompey; psellus; roman; speeches; studies; text; war; work; xiphilinus; καὶ cache: grbs-14699.pdf plain text: grbs-14699.txt item: #379 of 1726 id: grbs-14703 author: Tamiolaki, Melina title: A Citizen as a Slave of the State? Oligarchic Perceptions of Democracy in Xenophon date: 2013 words: 7781 flesch: 62 summary: So, to return to Xenophon, this statement reflects a change that democracy underwent during the fourth century: the reduced participation of wealthy citizens in politics.54 There is much scholarly controversy about how Xenophon viewed Athenian democracy. keywords: athenian; athens; citizen; city; democracy; freedom; life; passages; slave; socrates; state; studies; tamiolaki; xenophon; καὶ cache: grbs-14703.pdf plain text: grbs-14703.txt item: #380 of 1726 id: grbs-14705 author: O’Connell, Peter title: Hyperides and Epopteia: A New Fragment of the Defense of Phryne date: 2013 words: 10147 flesch: 68 summary: 90–116 however, that Pollux had access to a text of Hyperides or to a glossary or compendium of Hyperides passages, as he cites him by name 83 times in the Onomasticon. We know, therefore, only three things about anepopteutos: (1) it was used by Hyperides in the Defense of Phryne, (2) the passage in the Defense of Phryne where it was used was known to ancient lexicographers, including Pollux, and (3) the only times it appears outside of definitions or word lists are in two nearly identical sections in the Onomasticon about safe- guarding secrecy in trials involving testimony about the Eleu- sinian Mysteries. keywords: 90–116; anepopteutos; byzantine; defense; epopteia; euthias; greek; hyperides; information; jurors; litigation; mysteries; onomasticon; passage; phryne; pollux; section; source; speech; studies; text; word; καὶ cache: grbs-14705.pdf plain text: grbs-14705.txt item: #381 of 1726 id: grbs-1471 author: Karanika, Andromache title: Inside Orpheus’ Songs: Orpheus as an Argonaut in Apollonius Rhodius’ Argonautica date: 2010 words: 7107 flesch: 59 summary: For Empedoclean allu- sions in the songs of Orpheus see P. Kyriakou, “Empedoclean Echoes in Apollonius Rhodius’ ‘Argonautica’,” Hermes 122 (1994) 309–319. Thus it is im- portant to delve into the representation of his song in order to evaluate what further parameters his presence brings in Apol- lonius’ epic.11 Orpheus was thought by the Greeks to be not only a teacher but also the inventor of ritual.12 keywords: apollonius; argonautica; argonauts; city; colonization; cult; epic; greek; heroes; karanika; narrative; new; oikist; orpheus; poetics; rhodius; role; song; stephens; studies; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-1471.pdf plain text: grbs-1471.txt item: #382 of 1726 id: grbs-14711 author: Miguélez-Cavero, Laura title: Cosmic and Terrestrial Personifications in Nonnus’ Dionysiaca date: 2013 words: 10365 flesch: 61 summary: The Homeric model of the Scamander is replayed in the episode of the Hydaspes with the cosmic resonances of an impending universal deluge and trivialised by the petty behaviour of the river, a strategy similar to the one employed for cosmic personifications. After all, Homeric personifications offered a simplistic view of the cosmos when compared with later reflections on conflicting human emotions and inclinations. keywords: aion; cavero; chuvin; cosmic; dionysiaca; dionysus; greek; géographie; harmonia; homeric; hydaspes; laura; les; miguélez; mythologie; nonnus; paris; personifications; personified; references; rivers; seasons; studies; time; vian; world; καὶ cache: grbs-14711.pdf plain text: grbs-14711.txt item: #383 of 1726 id: grbs-14727 author: Kousoulini, Vasiliki title: Alcmanic Hexameters and Early Hexametric Poetry: Alcman’s Poetry in its Oral Context. date: 2013 words: 7397 flesch: 66 summary: Calame suggests that Alcman com- bined Od. 6.244 with an expression found in Od. 7.311 (αἲ γὰρ, Ζεῦ πάτερ). What is difficult, however, is to find a different 1 See C. Calame, Alcman (Rome 1983) keywords: 420–440; alcman; calame; epic; fragments; garzya; greek; hexameters; homer; lyric; muse; poetry; studies; tradition cache: grbs-14727.pdf plain text: grbs-14727.txt item: #384 of 1726 id: grbs-14733 author: Keyser, Paul T. title: The Suda’s Flavian Erasure date: 2013 words: 7779 flesch: 66 summary: org/sol/. 2 H. Hunger, “Was nicht in der Suda steht oder was konnte sich der gebildete Byzantiner des 10./11. T 792 THE SUDA’S FLAVIAN ERASURE ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 791–811 on all three Flavian emperors, and highly praises both Ves- pasian (β 246, οὗτος τοῖς ἀρίστοις τῶν πώποτε βασιλέων παραβάλλεσθαι ἄξιος ἦν) and Titus (τ 691, ἀνὴρ πᾶν ἀρετῆς συνειληφὼς γένος),3 it seems very unlikely that (the compilers of) the Suda intended the erasure. keywords: entry; erasure; flavian; greek; hadrian; nero; philo; studies; suda; trajan; vespasian; years; καὶ; ἐπὶ cache: grbs-14733.pdf plain text: grbs-14733.txt item: #385 of 1726 id: grbs-14739 author: Pachoumi, Eleni title: The Erotic and Separation Spells of the Magical Papyri and the Defixiones date: 2013 words: 11260 flesch: 75 summary: The claim of a discrepancy between literature and reality raises social and gender questions about the users and victims of erotic spells. ”10 Graf argues that the male users of erotic spells aimed at young women, especially of “good families” with the purpose of “a permanent union, that is, marriage.”11 keywords: erotic; female; formulary; greek; iii; love; pgm; separation; spell; spell user; studies; title; user; victim; woman; δεῖνα; καὶ; ἔτεκεν; ἡ δ cache: grbs-14739.pdf plain text: grbs-14739.txt item: #386 of 1726 id: grbs-14741 author: Faraone, C. A. title: Notes on Some Greek Magical Gems in New England date: 2013 words: 7875 flesch: 63 summary: symbols BM 555 1.5x2.1 gold yes text & no Neuzeitlich polished (both) symbols translucent Harvard 4.9x4.02 cloudy-brown barely only text yes Neuzeit 1969.189 polished (both) & symbols (3) translucent διαφυλάξατε In her discussion of Harvard 1969.189, Michel (SMG 143) summarized her suspicions of this group as follows: (i) the type of transparent brown-gold chalcedony used in these amulets is untypical; (ii) the large dimensions and the shape of the gems— single or double convex—is unusual; and (iii) the exceptionally long Jewish and Gnostic texts they contain are only seldom seen on other magical gems. I would conclude, then, that these large, text-only, convex chal- cedony amulets represent a subset of the Greek magical gems, a subset that has more in common with textual amulets on metal and papyri than it does with other magical gems. keywords: amulet; faraone; gem; gems; greek; jasper; line; michel; notes; pgm; roman; studies; symbols; text; victim; word cache: grbs-14741.pdf plain text: grbs-14741.txt item: #387 of 1726 id: grbs-14747 author: Danzig, Gabriel title: Plato’s Charmides as a Political Act: Apologetics and the Promotion of Ideology date: 2013 words: 12585 flesch: 52 summary: On the other hand, demonstrating that Critias misunderstood Socrates would certainly serve the inter- ests of a Plato who wishes to distinguish his own ideology from the ideology of Critias.32 There is another way in which the dialogue serves better as a defense of Plato than as a defense of Socrates. Far from correcting that disaster, by insisting on the importance of sophrosune Socrates’ critics only encourage it. keywords: act; charmides; critias; danzig; dialogue; dorion; good; greek; ideology; ignorance; knowledge; plato; self; socrates; sophrosune; studies; xenophon cache: grbs-14747.pdf plain text: grbs-14747.txt item: #388 of 1726 id: grbs-14749 author: Wikander, Ola title: Old Testament Prototypes for the Hermetic Trishagion in Poimandres 31 – and Support for an Old Conjecture date: 2013 words: 4209 flesch: 59 summary: The next line of the Poimandres hymn speaks of God as the one whose will is perfected “by his own powers” (ἀπὸ τῶν ἰδίων δυνάµεων). 590 OLD TESTAMENT PROTOTYPES FOR POIMANDRES 31 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 579–590 “plan” gives the text such a salvific historical dimension, in which the enlightenment of individual humans is part of a great scheme of God’s calling them to himself through Gnosis. keywords: god; holy; hymn; line; poimandres; studies; text; ἅγιος cache: grbs-14749.pdf plain text: grbs-14749.txt item: #389 of 1726 id: grbs-14751 author: Nassar, Mohammad; al-Muheisen, Zeidoun title: Geometric Mosaic Ornament at Khirbet el-Bediyeh, Jordan date: 2013 words: 4124 flesch: 67 summary: 591–609 Figure 2. Khirbet al-Bediyeh tell from the west The region of al-Bediyeh was visited and described by some travelers during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Mohammad Nassar and Zeidoun al-Muheisen Geometric Mosaic Ornament at Khirbet al-Bediyeh, Jordan Mohammad Nassar and Zeidoun al-Muheisen HIRBET AL-BEDIYEH in northern Jordan has revealed a church, dated to A.D. 640, in which we have un- covered one of the most impressive and best preserved mosaic pavements with geometric patterns in the Near East. keywords: bediyeh; byzantine; church; fig; greek; jordan; mosaics; roman cache: grbs-14751.pdf plain text: grbs-14751.txt item: #390 of 1726 id: grbs-14759 author: Lytle, Ephraim title: Farmers into Sailors: Ship Maintenance, Greek Agriculture, and the Athenian Monopoly on Kean Ruddle (IG II2 1128) date: 2013 words: 12065 flesch: 62 summary: Like that which was sometimes used to paint ship’s eyes or bow patches, this red could be interpreted as merely decorative.33 While it has been suggested that decorative ele- ments on triremes might be sufficient to explain the Athenian monopoly on Kean ruddle, that argument is not very com- pelling.34 On the other hand, wax seems to have been widely used in ship maintenance and Pliny reports that when used on ships encaustic paints were known to be “immune to wind and sun and salt water” (nec sole nec sale ventisve corrumpitur).35 By the fourth century, no doubt in response to ship- worm, Greek merchant ships were sometimes, like the Nemi ships, sheathed in lead (or perhaps, but far more rarely, cop- per), and this practice seems to have become widespread during the Hellenistic period.47 In the Kyrenia ship this lead was not applied directly to the hull, but over a thin matting that Steffy describes as composed of “agave leaves, simply woven and saturated in a red-brown resinous pitch … keywords: athenian; athens; b.c; century; ephraim; evidence; farmers; greek; kean; lead; lytle; miltos; ochre; paint; pigment; pitch; red; roman; ruddle; sailors; ships; shipworm; studies; theophrastus; use; uses; καὶ cache: grbs-14759.pdf plain text: grbs-14759.txt item: #391 of 1726 id: grbs-14761 author: Zali, Vasiliki title: Themistocles’ Exhortation before Salamis: On Herodotus 8.83 date: 2013 words: 9273 flesch: 54 summary: W. W. How and J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus II (Oxford 1912) 198; J. B. Bury, The Ancient Greek Historians (New York 1909) 63–64; Flower and Marincola, Herodotus 152–153. 28 Cf. Whilst demonstrating familiarity with and making use of epideictic themes, and whilst his purpose is partly epideictic in the sense that he is to an extent concerned with morality and with conferring praise or blame,56 Herodotus envisages himself 54 See e.g. S. Perlman, “The Historical Example, its Use and Importance as Political Propaganda in the Attic Orators,” Scripta Hierosolymitana 7 (1961) 150–166; I. Worthington, “History and Oratorical Exploitation,” in Per- suasion: Greek Rhetoric in Action (London 1994) 109–129; Grethlein, The Greeks and their Past 105–125. keywords: 461–485; battle; cambridge; exhortation; greek; herodotus; histories; narrative; oxford; readers; rhetoric; salamis; speech; speeches; studies; themistocles; thucydides; use cache: grbs-14761.pdf plain text: grbs-14761.txt item: #392 of 1726 id: grbs-14791 author: Scarborough, John title: Theodora, Aetius of Amida, and Procopius: Some Possible Connections date: 2013 words: 8163 flesch: 51 summary: Scarb ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 742–762 2013 John Scarborough Theodora, Aetius of Amida, and Procopius: Some Possible Connections John Scarborough HEN ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL SOURCES speak of prostitutes’ expertise, they frequently address the question of how they managed to keep free from pregnancies. W JOHN SCARBOROUGH 743 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 742–762 in terms of specific details, but the Anecdota does reflect the circumstances of the common profession of prostitution in sixth-century Byzantium.3 Moreover, Theodora emerged from the lowest class (a daughter of a bear keeper in the hippo- drome, so we are told, 9.2–3), whose young women often plied talents quite different from those of the higher ranks who might become learned in the Classics or in the finer points of man- aging a well-appointed household; and John of Ephesus, who mostly admired the empress and was writing independently of Procopius, admits that she came “from the brothel.”4 keywords: abortifacients; aetius; amida; aspasia; books; byzantine; century; cornarius; court; drugs; empress; greek; history; john; medicine; physician; procopius; scarborough; studies; surgery; tetrabiblon; theodora; wegscheider; women cache: grbs-14791.pdf plain text: grbs-14791.txt item: #393 of 1726 id: grbs-14793 author: Pérez Martín, Inmaculada title: The Reception of Xenophon in Byzantium: The Macedonian Period date: 2013 words: 16776 flesch: 63 summary: Martin ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 812–855 2013 Inmaculada Pérez Martín The Reception of Xenophon in Byzantium: The Macedonian Period Inmaculada Pérez Martín Ξενοφῶντα νεανιευόµενον µὲν ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις φιλῶ, γηράσκοντα δὲ ἐν τοῖς λόγοις ἐπαινῶ. Maximus of Tyre 16.5 HE STUDY of the reception of an author in Byzantium can shed light on particular periods of Byzantine culture, the nature of some of its own texts,1 and the constitution of the corpus of ‘classical’ authors that has come down to us.2 Accordingly, the Byzantine study of Xenophon3 will be treated here as an element of Macedonian culture, sharing some of its features and marked by its politics. THE RECEPTION OF XENOPHON IN BYZANTIUM ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 53 (2013) 812–855 Cyropaedia as paradigms of encomium has been recognized since antiquity.7 As for the Hellenica, we now have only manuscripts from the Palaiologan period, in which that text usually follows Thucydides,8 but middle Byzantium knew of its existence, not only because Xenophon was repeatedly men- tioned in ancient and late antique sources as the author of Athenian historiography along with other Attic authors,9 but also because of his presence in glossaries and grammars. keywords: 812–855; anabasis; arethas; author; basil; byzantine; byzantium; century; codex; constantine; cyropaedia; cyrus; des; emperor; esp; greek; history; information; inmaculada; interest; klearchos; leo; markopoulos; martín; new; original; photios; poem; pérez; reception; roman; studies; synkellos; texts; works; xenophon; καὶ; κύρου; ξενοφῶν; τοὺς; τοῦ; τὸν; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-14793.pdf plain text: grbs-14793.txt item: #394 of 1726 id: grbs-14801 author: Quiroga Puertas, Alberto J. title: Hecuba Revisited. Euripidean Echoes in Libanius Or. 22.22 date: 2014 words: 6670 flesch: 60 summary: 22.22 Alberto J. Quiroga Puertas N THE AFTERMATH of the ‘Riot of the Statues’ in Antioch in 387, John Chrysostom and Libanius devoted time and effort to composing rhetorical pieces with two main pur- poses in mind: to defend the Syrian city after its misdeeds and to disseminate their cultural and religious agendas. The two sets of texts constitute a paradigmatic case study of how a prominent Christian like John Chrysostom—at the time, a priest under the tutelage of the bishop Flavian in Antioch—and an influential figure of late paganism like the sophist Libanius dealt with a situation that required a deter- mined display of their rhetorical prowess. keywords: antioch; chrysostom; ellebichus; euripides; greek; hecuba; john; libanius; monks; mother; odysseus; sophist; statues; studies cache: grbs-14801.pdf plain text: grbs-14801.txt item: #395 of 1726 id: grbs-14805 author: Acerbi, Fabio title: Ones date: 2013 words: 7032 flesch: 65 summary: 21.13–14 (cf. n.34 above): ἓν γάρ ἐστι καὶ οὐ πολλά, διὸ καὶ ἑνικῶς καλεῖται ἕν. καὶ τετράγωνος καὶ οἱ πέντε διαλείποντες. keywords: arithmetica; fact; greek; numbers; ones; plural; problems; studies; tannery; text; µονάς; µὲν; γὰρ; καὶ; τοῦ; τῶν; ἑνῆ; ἕνα cache: grbs-14805.pdf plain text: grbs-14805.txt item: #396 of 1726 id: grbs-14807 author: Paradeisopoulos, Iordanis K. title: A Chronology Model for Xenophon’s Anabasis date: 2013 words: 15319 flesch: 64 summary: Table 1: Retreat from the Armenian villages to Mt. Theches: comparison of narratives of Xenophon and Diodorus Xenophon (4.6.1-4.7.21) Diodorus (14.29.1-3) Days of Days of Location march rest rest march Location In the Armenian villages In the Armenian villages March with head of village 3 By Araxes without guide 7 4 By river Araxes Chalybes, Taochians, Phasians 2 In the fortress of Taochians 5 15 With Chaons, Phasians At Chalybes and Harpasos 7 7 At Chaldeans & Harpagus We propose that in ad- dition to shortening the march between Gymnias and Theches, by also omitting 19 days of rest Xenophon presented a different case, making comparisons more difficult. keywords: 645–686; anabasis; araxes; chronology; cotyora; cunaxa; days; diodorus; distance; euphrates; greek; gymnias; land; march; model; parasangs; river; route; studies; villages; xenophon cache: grbs-14807.pdf plain text: grbs-14807.txt item: #397 of 1726 id: grbs-1481 author: Canevaro, Mirko title: The Decree Awarding Citizenship to the Plataeans ([Dem.] 59.104) date: 2010 words: 12452 flesch: 62 summary: Suppl. 24 (1898) 221–366, is the most recent general study of the issue, and has exposed many documents as post-Classical for- geries. The explanation for this is that these marks were originally written in a very early edition of the speeches and refer to the text in that copy.31 They were a system of measurement used in literary texts during antiquity, and later transcribed in every new manuscript, regardless of the size and number of its lines.32 In this speech many documents are preserved, namely three laws (16, 52, 87), one official oath (78), one decree (104), many 29 A case is the third-person imperative in -τωσαν, often found in literary texts from Classical Athens but avoided in documentary texts before 351 B.C.E. (and used very rarely between 350 and 322): L. Threatte, The Gram- mar of Attic Inscriptions II (Berlin 1996) 462–466. keywords: account; apollodorus; athenian; authenticity; canevaro; citizenship; decree; demosthenes; document; evidence; grants; greek; kapparis; law; lines; meaning; naturalization; osborne; plataeans; studies; text; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-1481.pdf plain text: grbs-1481.txt item: #398 of 1726 id: grbs-14811 author: The Editors, - - title: Editorial date: 1960 words: 744 flesch: 59 summary: We shall try to combat the fragmentation of the field into isolated parties of specialists - whether M ycenists or liturgiologists - by opening these pages to scholarly articles significant in scope and intelligible in style to every reader interested in any of the special fields or periods of the long and broad current of Hellenism. For the large textml publication of documents we must count upon our esteemed elders among American journals; similarly for excavation reports, for numismatic corpora, for special studies of artistic types: normally we shall be able to print only shorter pieces of general inter­ est. keywords: articles; greek cache: grbs-14811.pdf plain text: grbs-14811.txt item: #399 of 1726 id: grbs-14813 author: Wortley, John title: How a Monk Ought to Relate to his Neighbor date: 2013 words: 6171 flesch: 75 summary: Abba Amoun said to him: “So if a necessity arises to speak with my neighbor, do you want me to speak of the Scriptures or of the sayings of the elders?” Said the elder: “If you cannot keep silent, it is better to speak of the sayings of the elders and not of the Scriptures, for there is no small danger” (κίνδυνος γάρ ἐστιν οὐ µικρός, Amoun 2 128CD/ 11.56). As for the neighbor’s shortcomings, Amma Syncletica says these should be passed over in silence, but it is good to lament them: “Useful sorrow is to groan both for one’s own sins and also for the weak- ness (ἀρρωστία) of [one’s] neighbors; [it is] not to fall short of the intended goal, in order to attain the ultimate goodness” (Syn- cletica S 10/Guy 35/10.102). keywords: abba; brother; elder; god; john; love; monk; neighbor; saying; studies cache: grbs-14813.pdf plain text: grbs-14813.txt item: #400 of 1726 id: grbs-14815 author: Fountoulakis, Andreas title: On the Nature of Strato’s Humour: Another Look at Anth.Pal. 12.6 date: 2013 words: 8050 flesch: 66 summary: Similar non-literal refer- ences to the penises of boys occur in Strato Anth. Pal. used is H. Beckby, Anthologia Graeca2 I–IV (Munich 1965). keywords: anth.pal; beauty; boy; boys; epigram; fountoulakis; greek; humour; inscriptions; man; strato; studies; use; καλός; πρωκτός cache: grbs-14815.pdf plain text: grbs-14815.txt item: #401 of 1726 id: grbs-14817 author: Trizio, Michele title: A New Testimony on the Platonist Gaius date: 2013 words: 3584 flesch: 61 summary: Unlike Gaius, Galen is know to have dealt with Aristotle’s De interpretatione 7 directly ___ been copied by a thirteenth-fourteenth century hand in the margin of the text of De interpretatione in Vat.Urb.gr. However, this solution too is problematic, especially because, like Gaius, Galen is equally ignored in the earlier commentary tradition on De interpretatione. keywords: byzantine; century; commentary; gaius; interpretatione; italos; studies; text; work cache: grbs-14817.pdf plain text: grbs-14817.txt item: #402 of 1726 id: grbs-1491 author: Remijsen, Sofie title: The Introduction of the Antiochene Olympics: A Proposal for a New Date date: 2010 words: 9327 flesch: 70 summary: Antiochene games in the epigraphic record Analysis of the purported reforms has shown that there are no arguments for an introduction under Commodus ca. As we have noted, the chronicler incorrectly called the games under Claudius and Commodus Olympic games. keywords: a.d; agon; antioch; antiochene; century; commodus; contest; date; emperor; games; inscriptions; introduction; malalas; olympics; reign; studies; years; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-1491.pdf plain text: grbs-1491.txt item: #403 of 1726 id: grbs-14983 author: Anagnostakis, Ilias; Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Textual Sources for the Peloponnese, A.D. 582–959: Their Creative Engagement with Ancient Literature date: 2013 words: 11401 flesch: 61 summary: AnagKal ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 105–135 2014 Ilias Anagnostakis and Anthony Kaldellis The Textual Sources for the Peloponnese, A.D. 582–959: Their Creative Engagement with Ancient Literature Ilias Anagnostakis and Anthony Kaldellis HIS ARTICLE problematizes a set of sources about the history of Greece, and specifically of the Peloponnese, between the sixth and tenth centuries.1 These sources cover the period 582–959, from the reign of Maurikios to that of Konstantinos VII Porphyrogennetos, but were written in the ninth and tenth centuries. THE TEXTUAL SOURCES FOR THE PELOPONNESE ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 105–135 will concentrate here on texts that relate to the Peloponnese, and not even all of those that can be analyzed in this light.3 Specifically, we focus on the Chronicle of Monemvasia, the story of the widow Danelis, the story of the admiral Adrianos, and some texts concerning the magistros Niketas. keywords: anagnostakis; anthony; arethas; athens; basileios; basilii; byzantine; chronicle; danelis; emperor; greece; greek; history; ilias; kaldellis; monemvasia; niketas; patras; pausanias; peloponnese; roman; slavs; sources; studies; text; vita cache: grbs-14983.pdf plain text: grbs-14983.txt item: #404 of 1726 id: grbs-14987 author: Jazdzewska, Katarzyna title: From Dialogos to Dialogue: The Use of the Term from Plato to the Second Century CE date: 2013 words: 6984 flesch: 66 summary: Apart from the above-mentioned fragments of Theopompos and Aristotle, probably the earliest evidence for the use of διάλογος in reference to literary dialogues is a passage in Demetrios’ On Style. On the question of authenticity of the Alcibiades I see e.g. N. Denyer, Plato: Alcibiades (Cambridge 2001) 14–26; N. D. Smith, “Did Plato Write the ‘Alcibiades I’?” keywords: aristotle; athenaios; century; conversation; dialogue; discussion; meaning; plato; questions; socrates; studies; term; use; verb; word; διάλογος; διαλέγεσθαι; καὶ cache: grbs-14987.pdf plain text: grbs-14987.txt item: #405 of 1726 id: grbs-14993 author: Paradeisopoulos, Iordanis K. title: Route and Parasangs in Xenophon’s Anabasis date: 2014 words: 12791 flesch: 68 summary: Thus Retreat: Cunaxa-Cotyora 615 122 121 243 Plus Anabasis : Ephesos-Cunaxa 535 93 120 213 Equals Anabasis and Retreat: Ephesos-Cotyora 1150 215 241 456 1 Parasangs in italics estimated as days of march x 5 parasangs per day. Are they not days of march? keywords: anabasis; araxes; cotyora; cunaxa; days; euphrates; greek; karasu; map; march; murad; paradeisopoulos; parasangs; river; route; studies; villages; xenophon cache: grbs-14993.pdf plain text: grbs-14993.txt item: #406 of 1726 id: grbs-14997 author: Nevin, Sonya title: Negative Comparison in Plutarch's Agesilaus-Pompey date: 2014 words: 8794 flesch: 61 summary: Plutarch undermines these comparisons, so that Pompey’s failure is expressed through the demonstra- tion that he was not so great as Alexander, while Agesilaus is shown to have been less great than Agamemnon. Love of victory: key themes in the Agesilaus-Pompey In an explicit authorial intervention early in the Agesilaus, Plutarch writes that while some philosophers consider conflicts essential, it is his opinion that “if they are pushed to extremes, [conflicts] are most harmful to states and carry great dangers with them” (Ages. 5.3–4). keywords: 45–68; achilles; agamemnon; agesilaus; alexander; asia; comparison; dream; greeks; lives; nevin; plutarch; pompey; sacrifice; sonya; studies; xenophon; φιλονικία cache: grbs-14997.pdf plain text: grbs-14997.txt item: #407 of 1726 id: grbs-14999 author: Angelov, Alexander title: Bishop over “Those Outside”: Imperial Diplomacy and the Boundaries of Constantine’s Christianity date: 2014 words: 6852 flesch: 53 summary: Like Constantine’s own coming to power, the Persian shah’s rise to the throne was questionable since he put aside his elder brother Hormisdas, who likely remained alive only because he managed to escape from prison.21 Constantine knew that both political regimes had to find ways to legitimize themselves, so his rhetoric could serve as a personal justification of his coming to power and as a diplomatic validation of Shapur’s own standing at the same time. Angelov ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 274–292 2014 Alexander Angelov Bishop over “Those Outside”: Imperial Diplomacy and the Boundaries of Constantine’s Christianity Alexander Angelov ROUND THE TIME of the Council of Nicaea in 325, the emperor Constantine invited several close friends and bishops to dinner. keywords: angelov; bishop; byzantine; christian; christianity; constantine; emperor; empire; eusebius; god; greek; letter; outside; persian; roman; scholars; shapur; studies cache: grbs-14999.pdf plain text: grbs-14999.txt item: #408 of 1726 id: grbs-15001 author: Soliman, Sameh Farouk title: Two Epithets of Mark the Evangelist: Coptic theorimos and Byzantine Greek θεόπτης date: 2014 words: 3338 flesch: 71 summary: Saint Mark, whose epithet is the subject of this research, was according to the tradition of the Church a disciple from among the Seventy, the author of the second canonical Gospel, and identical with the John Mark mentioned in Acts (12:12, 25, 15:37). The Coptic Church alone gives Saint Mark the epithet ye;wrimoc or sometimes ye;orimoc (see PLATE 1). keywords: church; coptic; epithet; evangelist; god; greek; holy; mark; saint; studies; ye;wrimoc; καὶ cache: grbs-15001.pdf plain text: grbs-15001.txt item: #409 of 1726 id: grbs-15005 author: Jim, Theodora Suk Fong title: On Greek Dedicatory Practices: The Problem of hyper date: 2014 words: 8253 flesch: 66 summary: 10 E.g. Agora XV 293 ὑπέρ τε τῶν π̣ρυτάνεων καὶ τῆς βουλῆς καὶ τοῦ δήµου καὶ παίδων [καὶ] γυναικῶν καὶ τῶν φίλων καὶ συµµάχων; IG II2 1048 ὑπέρ τε τ[ῆς βουλῆς καὶ τοῦ δήµου καὶ παίδω]ν καὶ γυναικῶν καὶ τε καὶ σ[ω]τηρίας καὶ τῆς τῶν φίλ[ων καὶ συµµάχων] keywords: behalf; crops; dedications; e.g.; formulae; gods; greek; hyper; inscriptions; offering; roman; seg; studies; tam; votive; vow; καὶ; σωτηρίας; τοῦ; τῆς; τῶν; ὑπὲρ; ὑπὲρ τῆς; ὑπὲρ τῶν cache: grbs-15005.pdf plain text: grbs-15005.txt item: #410 of 1726 id: grbs-15007 author: Sarri, Antonia title: A Letter of Proklos to Asklepiades: P.Lond.inv. 2553 + P.Col. VIII 211 date: 2013 words: 2268 flesch: 81 summary: XXI 415 n.5. 13 See R. S. Bagnall and R. Cribiore, Women’s Letters from Ancient Egypt (Ann Arbor 2006) 46–48; A. Sarri, “Handshifts in Letters,” paper presented at Pap. The postscript, on the other hand, has a rightward inclination, it is con- tinuously written without raising the pen to separate letters, and the uprights do not have serifs at the end. keywords: isidoros; letter; p.col; p.nyu; pap.congr; proklos; viii cache: grbs-15007.pdf plain text: grbs-15007.txt item: #411 of 1726 id: grbs-15009 author: Pritchard, David M. title: The Public Payment of Magistrates in Fourth-Century Athens date: 2013 words: 5631 flesch: 69 summary: I am most grateful to V. Gabrielsen, M. H. Hansen, E. M. Harris, R. Osborne, S. C. Todd, and especially P. J. Rhodes for discussing with me the question of pay for Athenian magistrates. 16 THE PUBLIC PAYMENT OF MAGISTRATES ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 1–16 his eighties, actually serves as evidence of the remuneration of Athenian magistrates throughout the fourth century. keywords: ath.pol; athenian; athens; century; democracy; hansen; magistrates; pritchard; roman; studies cache: grbs-15009.pdf plain text: grbs-15009.txt item: #412 of 1726 id: grbs-1501 author: Bouchard, Elsa title: The Meaning of βλαβερόν in the Poetics date: 2010 words: 10672 flesch: 54 summary: Is Aristotle thinking of a character flaw or simply of a plain factual “mistake”? In most cases though, this interpretation is either simply not argued or expressly given as a pis aller.6 ___ T. Rosenmeyer, “Design and Execution in Aristotle, Poetics ch. XXV,” CSCA 6 (1973) 231–252, at 252; R. Janko, Aristotle, Poetics I, with the Tractatus Coisli- nianus, Reconstruction of Poetics II, and the Fragments of the On Poets (Indianapolis 1987) 153. keywords: 309–336; action; aristotle; bouchard; case; character; criticism; elsa; greek; meaning; objections; odysseus; poetics; problems; studies; word; βλαβερϱόν; τὴν cache: grbs-1501.pdf plain text: grbs-1501.txt item: #413 of 1726 id: grbs-15011 author: Eckhardt, Benedikt title: “Bloodless Sacrifice”: A Note on Greek Cultic Language in the Imperial Era date: 2014 words: 7273 flesch: 65 summary: In the Julianic orations, his view on blood sacrifice is very positive: Or. 1.121, 12.82, 18.126–127, 30.33–36. It has long been recognized that the end of animal sacrifice did not come as a shock for 1 Cf. keywords: altar; animal; benedikt; blood; christian; cult; eckhardt; killing; numa; offerings; pythagorean; sacrifice; studies; term; transl; war; θυσία; καὶ; ἀναίµακτος cache: grbs-15011.pdf plain text: grbs-15011.txt item: #414 of 1726 id: grbs-15015 author: al-Muheisen, Zeidoun; Nassar, Mohammad title: Geometric Mosaic Pavements at Ras ed-Deir, Jordan date: 2014 words: 3661 flesch: 69 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 87–104 Circle with loops motif The design in the southern part of the nave consists of four loops, decorated with a stylised crosslet at the center ( fig. MuhNas ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 87–104 2014 Zeidoun al-Muheisen and Mohammad Nassar Geometric Mosaic Pavements at Ras ed-Deir, Jordan Zeidoun al-Muheisen and Mohammad Nassar T RAS ED-DEIR in northern Jordan, a church dating to 599/600 has been found to contain impressive and well- preserved mosaic pavements. keywords: byzantine; church; deir; fig; jordan; mosaics; ras cache: grbs-15015.pdf plain text: grbs-15015.txt item: #415 of 1726 id: grbs-15017 author: Chitwood, Zachary title: The Patriarch Alexios Stoudites and the Reinterpretation of Justinianic Legislation against Heretics date: 2014 words: 7275 flesch: 48 summary: Chitw ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 293–312 2014 Zachary Chitwood The Patriarch Alexios Stoudites and the Reinterpretation of Justinianic Legislation against Heretics Zachary Chitwood SING NORMATIVE LEGAL SOURCES such as law codes and imperial novels to illuminate Byzantine heresy is a very difficult proposition. Notes on the Historiography of Byzantine Law,” BMGS 22 (1998) 264–279; “Balancing Byzantine Law?” FM 11 (2005) 57– 75; “Justice: Legal Literature,” in E. Jeffreys et al. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies (Oxford 2008) 691–698; “The Social Function of the Law,” in J. Haldon (ed.), The Social History of Byzantium (Chichester/Malden 2009) keywords: alexios; alexios stoudites; basilika; byzantine; century; constitution; court; edict; greek; heretics; interpretation; jews; jurists; law; legislation; melitene; orthodox; stoudites; studies; syrian cache: grbs-15017.pdf plain text: grbs-15017.txt item: #416 of 1726 id: grbs-15023 author: Capreedy, James title: Losing Confidence in Sparta: The Creation of the Mantinean Symmachy date: 2014 words: 10111 flesch: 64 summary: Capreedy ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 352–378 2014 James Capreedy Losing Confidence in Sparta: The Creation of the Mantinean Symmachy James Capreedy URING THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR, the Arkadian city- state Mantinea built its own regional symmachy and assumed the role of hegemon over its allies. In doing so, Mantinea was breaking an agreement and changing the nature of its relationship with the hegemon of the Pelopon- nesian League, Sparta. keywords: alliance; allies; arkadia; battle; greek; league; lepreon; mantinea; peloponnesian; sparta; spartans; studies; symmachy; tegea; thucydides; war cache: grbs-15023.pdf plain text: grbs-15023.txt item: #417 of 1726 id: grbs-15027 author: Berrey, Marquis title: Chrysippus of Cnidus: Medical Doxography and Hellenistic Monarchies date: 2014 words: 8421 flesch: 66 summary: I is dated to 279 BCE, the right time for a fellow medical student of Erasistratus to flourish and perish.5 So Chrysippus filius was a court physician to Ptolemy Philadelphus and punished in the con- spiracy of Arsinoe I. Texts diverge on the fate of Chrysippus filius: he was executed according to the Theocritus scholiast but whipped according to Diogenes Laertius. Neither Chrysippus son of Aristagoras nor Chrysippus filius 4 Schol. keywords: 420–443; aristagoras; blood; chrysippus; cnidus; diogenes; erasistratus; evidence; galen; greek; medicine; pulse; son; student; studies; teacher; testimonia; ven.sect.er.rom; wellmann cache: grbs-15027.pdf plain text: grbs-15027.txt item: #418 of 1726 id: grbs-15041 author: Zakowski, Samuel title: εἰπέ μοι as a Parenthetical: A Structural and Functional Analysis, from Homer to Menander date: 2014 words: 11796 flesch: 59 summary: εἰπέ µοι, τί δεινότατον πάντες ἂν ἀκούσαντες φήσαι- τε, καὶ τί µάλιστ’ ἂν ἀπεύξαισθε; Stop. It is more accurate to state that he utters a proposition (ὦ Χαιρεφῶν, σπουδάζει ταῦτα Σωκράτης ἢ παίζει) in the form of a question; by including εἰπέ µοι, the strength of the proposition is enhanced, without that propo- sition being altered as such: Chaerephon’s answer (‘he is being serious’ or ‘he is joking’) is not influenced by the addition of εἰπέ µοι. keywords: answer; brinton; clause; discourse; greek; hearer; instances; interrogative; matrix; parenthetical; position; question; speaker; studies; zakowski; εἰπέ µοι cache: grbs-15041.pdf plain text: grbs-15041.txt item: #419 of 1726 id: grbs-15045 author: Anghelina, Catalin title: Eumaios’ Knowledge of the Scar date: 2014 words: 4079 flesch: 69 summary: The issue at stake here is whether or how the servants could know of Odysseus’ scar. 156 EUMAIOS’ KNOWLEDGE OF THE SCAR ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54 (2014) 146–156 before the fight seem to be randomly conceived.30 The reason is that no one must exclaim in recognition on seeing Odysseus’ scar. keywords: book; eumaios; eurycleia; odysseus; odyssey; penelope; recognition; scar; scene cache: grbs-15045.pdf plain text: grbs-15045.txt item: #420 of 1726 id: grbs-15051 author: Porter, Andrew title: Reconstructing Laomedon’s Reign in Homer: Olympiomachia, Poseidon’s Wall, and the Earlier Trojan War date: 2014 words: 7199 flesch: 68 summary: My concern here, how- ever, is about Hesiodic or other traditions taking priority over the Homeric, of assuming that we must read Homer through the lens of other story traditions. Homer has Zeus provide the narrative:7 τὸν σὺ ξὺν Βορέῃ ἀνέµῳ πεπιθοῦσα θυέλλας πέµψας ἐπ’ ἀτρύγετον πόντον κακὰ µητιόωσα, καί µιν ἔπειτα Κόων δ’ εὖ ναιοµένην ἀπένεικας. keywords: apollo; athena; epic; greek; herakles; hesiod; homer; homeric; iliad; laomedon; poseidon; reign; story; studies; tradition; trojan; war; zeus; καὶ cache: grbs-15051.pdf plain text: grbs-15051.txt item: #421 of 1726 id: grbs-15065 author: Dunn, Geoffrey D. title: Is the Letter Credebamus post from Boniface I or Leo I? date: 2014 words: 7433 flesch: 57 summary: As Perigenes died in 435 and is the subject of other letters in the Collectio Thessalonicensis between Boniface and Rufus (and other bishops of the region), which are dated to 11 March 422,22 it would seem that at least the second half of the letter must be associated with the 419 date and that the whole letter could not possibly have been written by Leo. In addition, I wish to examine this letter from Rome that gives us information about Perigenes within the context of its preservation in a collection of letters and address the unresolved question of authorship using par- tition theory as an interpretative tool. keywords: 474–493; bishop; boniface; corinth; credebamus; credebamus post; election; half; leo; letter; perigenes; post; roman; rome; rufus; studies cache: grbs-15065.pdf plain text: grbs-15065.txt item: #422 of 1726 id: grbs-15071 author: Martin, Gunther; Grusková, Jana title: “Scythica Vindobonensia” by Dexippus(?): New Fragments on Decius’ Gothic Wars date: 2014 words: 8519 flesch: 73 summary: The scribe uses common abbreviations (e.g. for -ης, -ος, -εν, -ων, -ν)15 and occasionally suprapositions (e.g. 194v line 1, 195r line 2 ); in 194v line 19 he contracts the nomen sacrum ἀνθρώπων. 194v lines 9 and 23. keywords: 194v; 195r; cniva; decius; dexippus; fol; fols; fragments; goths; greek; grusková; gunther; jana; line; martin; new; philippopolis; scythica; studies; text; town; καὶ cache: grbs-15071.pdf plain text: grbs-15071.txt item: #423 of 1726 id: grbs-15075 author: Lavelle, Brian M. title: Hippokleides, the ‘Dance’, and the Panathenaia date: 2014 words: 10782 flesch: 63 summary: Yet, for all of that and his year-long probation, things turn out quite badly for Hippokleides—and all at once. Such a catastrophic lapse in behavior and judgment is surprisingly inconsistent with Hippokleides’ chronically demonstrated excellence and moderation. keywords: agariste; athenian; athens; commentary; dance; festival; greek; herodotos; hippokleides; kleisthenes; lavelle; marriage; megakles; panathenaia; peisistratos; story; studies; tyrant cache: grbs-15075.pdf plain text: grbs-15075.txt item: #424 of 1726 id: grbs-15077 author: Tolsa, Cristian title: Ptolemy and Plutarch’s On the Generation of the Soul in the Timaeus: Three Parallels date: 2014 words: 6861 flesch: 56 summary: But it is also true that Aristotle had strongly criticized the musical analogy of the heavens,49 so that by silencing music Ptolemy could be said to have reached a better agreement between Plato and Aristotle.50 May, 2014 Barcelona ctolsa@gmail.com 49 Arist. There is also a significant proportion of Aristotelian and Stoic theory in the psychology and epistemology that Ptolemy develops in these chapters,35 but one can safely conclude that the cosmol- ogy based on musical ratios that Ptolemy displays at the end of these two treatises has its model in the Timaeus. keywords: greek; inscription; moon; notes; plato; plutarch; ptolemy; scale; spheres; studies; sun; text; timaeus cache: grbs-15077.pdf plain text: grbs-15077.txt item: #425 of 1726 id: grbs-15083 author: Gemin, Marco title: Medea’s Four Reasons date: 2014 words: 5404 flesch: 65 summary: She was θυµὸν ἐκπλαγεῖσ᾽, “smitten in the soul” (translation mine) the place affected by the phenomenon of ἔκπληξις, a physical trans- formation which can determine a change of state and opinion.8 This incidentally recurs in the Encomium of Helen (ἐκπλαγέντες, 16), where Gorgias describes the effects of an impressive view; the phenomenon would be worth exploring in both Euripidean and Gorgian texts, but discussion would take us too far afield.9 I focus on this first reason of Medea and its relation to Helen’s first reason. Jason does not deny Medea’s passion; he implicitly admits that it has been decisive for his own success and safety, but he re- fuses to ascribe it to Medea’s credit, because the god is the only one responsible for her actions.12 Like Helen according to Gorgias’ fourth reason, she has been “constrained by divine constraint” (ὑπὸ θείας ἀνάγκης ἀναγκασθεῖσα). keywords: encomium; eros; euripides; gorgias; greek; helen; jason; love; medea; reasons; studies cache: grbs-15083.pdf plain text: grbs-15083.txt item: #426 of 1726 id: grbs-15087 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Political Parties in Democratic Athens? date: 2014 words: 8800 flesch: 68 summary: So the silence as to larger political groups is after all significant, and strongly implies that they did not normally exist. The point of resemblance is that important issues are decided by popular vote, and so the ground is prepared for the formation of political groups, both among the followers (who vote) and among the leaders (who attempt to command a majority by controlling how the followers vote). keywords: 379–403; assembly; athenian; athens; citizens; democracy; demosthenes; evidence; followers; greek; groups; hansen; leaders; ostraka; parties; party; sources; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-15087.pdf plain text: grbs-15087.txt item: #427 of 1726 id: grbs-15089 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Misthos for Magistrates in Fourth-Century Athens? date: 2014 words: 5636 flesch: 72 summary: For the fifth century we have explicit evidence of misthos for magistrates23 but in spite of the much better sources we have for the fourth century there is not yet a single piece of evidence that shows beyond doubt that the many hundreds of Athenian magistrates were paid by the polis. At 145 we hear that Isokrates has abstained τῶν µὲν ἀρχῶν καὶ τῶν ὠφελειῶν τῶν ἐντεῦθεν γιγνοµένων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων τῶν κοινῶν ἐξέστηκας. keywords: 404–419; athenian; athens; century; democracy; demosthenes; gifts; greek; hansen; magistrates; misthos; pritchard; studies; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-15089.pdf plain text: grbs-15089.txt item: #428 of 1726 id: grbs-15097 author: Christensen, Joel P. title: Trojan Politics and the Assemblies of Iliad 7 date: 2014 words: 9962 flesch: 61 summary: As Mackie argues, Talking Trojan 15–26, Trojan assemblies are more chaotic than their Achaean counterparts: they exhibit fewer speech- exchanges and are characterized by their noise. No Achaean gathering begins with such a request —in fact, an initial plea for attention may have a marked use in the Iliad; the imperative “hear me” is used for mixed groups where the authority of the speaker or the parameters of the speech-situation are in doubt.43 Since Priam addresses a mixed group (allies and Trojans), it may be appropriate that he calls them to attention in the same way.44 The context, on the other hand, suggests another explanation: perhaps there still is dis- order in the assembly, both as a feature of Trojan assemblies in general and as an indication of ongoing reactions. keywords: achilles; agamemnon; antenor; assemblies; assembly; book; christensen; council; greek; hektor; homer; idaios; iliad; nestor; paris; politics; priam; speech; studies; trojan; καὶ cache: grbs-15097.pdf plain text: grbs-15097.txt item: #429 of 1726 id: grbs-151 author: De Groote, Marc title: Joannes Geometres’ Metaphrasis of the Odes: Critical Edition date: 2004 words: 10507 flesch: 93 summary: §bÒhsa §n ylÆch mou E 3 kôke›now HLF fyãnh L 6 kuklo›w F pl∞yow ] kÊklv L (pl∞yow Lb.mg) otow bohyÚw ka‹ skepastØw ka‹ prÒmow, str°fvn keywords: add; deut; dojãzoite; efiw; geom; geometres; groote; g∞w; hom; ier; joannes; ka‹; luc; marc; metaphrasis; mou; odes; ofl; post; pãnta; pçn; reg; sic; termãtvn; toáw; toë; t«n; tøn; tún; t∞w; yeúw; ícoëte cache: grbs-151.pdf plain text: grbs-151.txt item: #430 of 1726 id: grbs-15105 author: Gibson, Craig A. title: Encomium and Thesis in Galen’s De parvae pilae exercitio date: 2014 words: 4501 flesch: 56 summary: Theon says that the aim of thesis is to persuade an audience of citizens in general in an assembly (120.23–25); similarly, Galen’s thesis aims to convince his ideal readership of pepai- deumenoi, arguing that small ball playing is a good exercise for everyone and is superior to other exercises. The same feature is found in thesis exercises, but whereas Libanius’ encomium mentions the divine origin of the practice mainly in order to defend and exalt his choice of topic, in thesis this heading is turned more to the service of argument. keywords: ball; benefits; encomium; exercise; galen; greek; headings; practice; praise; studies; thesis; treatise cache: grbs-15105.pdf plain text: grbs-15105.txt item: #431 of 1726 id: grbs-1511 author: Elizbarashvili, Eliso title: The Formation of a Hero in Digenes Akrites date: 2010 words: 8829 flesch: 62 summary: On the basis of these historical and geographical identifications Grégoire created the Paulician theory, that the Digenes epos echoes the Paulician heresy that is reflected only in the Slavic version of the poem; the archetype of the Greek versions, especially G and E, is the result of loyalist revision: H. Grégoire, “Note sur le Digénis slave,” Byzantion 10 (1935) 335– 339; “Notes on the Byzantine Epic: The Greek Folk-songs and their Im- ELISO ELIZBARASHVILI 439 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 437–460 tifications and their importance has led to a paradoxical and illogical conclusion—that the Greek versions of Digenes Akrites have survived in such modified and distorted form that they have almost nothing in common with the archetype. Ἀκϰρϱίτης 131, Διγενής 89, and Βασίλειος 22; in E Ἀκϰρϱίτης 35, Διγενής 22, Βασίλειος 2, and Βασίλης 2. 24 A. R. Dyck “The Taming of Digenes: The Plan of Digenes Akrites, Grottaferrata Version, Book VI,” GRBS 35 (1994) 293–308: the episode of Digenes’ meeting with the emperor serves to demonstrate the independence and importance of the hero, as does the meeting with the Apelatai. keywords: akrites; beaton; byzantine; death; digenes; digenes akrites; dragon; elizbarashvili; emir; georgian; greek; hero; life; poem; ricks; roman; saints; studies; theodore; warrior; wife cache: grbs-1511.pdf plain text: grbs-1511.txt item: #432 of 1726 id: grbs-15131 author: MacDougall, Byron David title: Michael Choniates at the Christian Parthenon and the Bendideia Festival of Republic 1 date: 2014 words: 10402 flesch: 60 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 273–299 generation to the next (776A7–B4): ὧν δὴ χάριν µητρὶ καὶ πατρὶ καὶ τοῖς τῆς γυναικὸς οἰκείοις παρέντας χρὴ τὰς αὑτῶν οἰκήσεις, οἷον εἰς ἀποικίαν ἀφικο- µένους, αὐτοὺς ἐπισκοποῦντάς τε ἅµα καὶ ἐπισκοπουµένους οἰκεῖν, γεννῶντάς τε καὶ ἐκτρέφοντας παῖδας, καθάπερ λαµπά- δα τε δῆλον ὅτι καὶ ἐλάας καὶ τυρόν, καὶ βολβοὺς καὶ λάχανά γε, οἷα δὴ ἐν ἀγροῖς ἑψή- µατα, ἑψήσονται. keywords: byzantine; chain; choniates; christian; divine; festival; god; greek; gregory; lamp; light; metaphor; michael; moses; oration; parthenon; passing; plato; race; relay; roman; studies; theoria; torch; tradition; truth; καὶ; τῆς cache: grbs-15131.pdf plain text: grbs-15131.txt item: #433 of 1726 id: grbs-15133 author: Pazdernik, Charles F. title: The Quaestor Proclus date: 2014 words: 11156 flesch: 55 summary: Croke does not discuss this passage, and the omission is re- markable not only because the passage figures prominently in the derogatory attitude toward Justin that Croke means to redress, but also because it indicates that, in the Secret History, Procopius is positing Proclus, rather than Justinian, as an effec- CHARLES F. PAZDERNIK 223 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 221–249 tive power behind the throne.4 The purpose of this paper is not so much to quibble with Croke but rather to suggest that the Quaestor Proclus merits closer attention than he has tended to receive and that Pro- copius’ portrait of him is much more nuanced than has been recognized. In the former category Procopius situates Proclus and, implicitly, himself and his inscribed reader;5 in the latter, both Justin and Justinian. keywords: charles; claim; croke; daube; emperor; empire; greek; history; john; justin; justinian; kavadh; khusro; law; office; pazdernik; persian; power; proclus; procopius; proposal; quaestor; quaestor proclus; roman; son; studies; time; wars; καὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-15133.pdf plain text: grbs-15133.txt item: #434 of 1726 id: grbs-15145 author: Chesi, Giulia Maria title: The Bond of Consanguinity between Mother and Daughter: Agamemnon 1417–1418 and 1525 date: 2014 words: 3652 flesch: 59 summary: In 1417–1418, Clytemnestra describes Agamemnon as the sacrificer of his own child, refers to Iphigeneia as the child to whom she has given life, and depicts Iphigeneia’s death as the necessary condition to win favorable winds for sailing to Troy and waging war:1 ἔθυσεν αὑτοῦ παῖδα, φιλτάτην ἐµοὶ ὠδῖν’, ἐπῳδὸν Θρῃκίων ἀηµάτων he sacrificed his own child, the she-child I laboured to launch on her life-lot, to charm the winds of Thrace As has been observed, the word ὠδίς expresses the biological 1 Translations are, with a few variations, from H. Lloyd-Jones, Aeschylus. Accordingly, (a) Clytemnestra’s claim to the autonomy of the maternal body in reproduction, and (b) her defence of the biological bond of philia between mother and daughter are the crucial elements of her explanation of the murder of Agamemnon as retaliation for the father’s violence. keywords: agamemnon; bond; child; clytemnestra; consanguinity; daughter; greek; iphigeneia; mother; sacrifice cache: grbs-15145.pdf plain text: grbs-15145.txt item: #435 of 1726 id: grbs-15147 author: Wellenbach, Matthew C title: The Iconography of Dionysiac Choroi: Dithyramb, Tragedy, and the Basel Krater date: 2014 words: 10541 flesch: 62 summary: First, Demosthenes dis- cusses only the dithyrambic chorus he sponsored at the Great Dionysia of 348, one of twenty dithyrambic choruses that would have performed at that festival, in addition to whatever dithyrambic performances took place at other festivals during the same year.15 It seems unlikely that this description of a 11 Schmidt, AntK 10 (1967) 75. 12 Dem. 21.15 ! Eric Csapo and Jeffrey Rusten have recently proposed that these vase-paintings represent dithyrambic performance, and, while debate will inevitably persist, their conclusions are gain- ing acceptance.48 Csapo first made a connection between 46 J. R. Green, “A Representation of the Birds of Aristophanes,” in Greek Vases in the J. Paul Getty Museum II (Malibu 1985) keywords: basel; basel krater; choreuts; chorus; choruses; context; csapo; dithyramb; figure; greek; hydria; krater; performance; studies; tragedy; tragic; vases cache: grbs-15147.pdf plain text: grbs-15147.txt item: #436 of 1726 id: grbs-15149 author: Hyland, John O. title: The Prince and the Pancratiast: Persian-Thessalian Relations in the Late Fifth Century B.C. date: 2015 words: 4925 flesch: 56 summary: For Poulydamas and Herakles see Paus. A political purpose for Poulydamas’ travel would be especially at- tractive given the subsequent cooperation between Darius’ son, Cyrus the Younger, and a cabal of Thessalian guest-friends. keywords: 315–328; aristippos; athens; century; cyrus; darius; greek; pancratiast; persian; poulydamas; prince; studies; thessalian; thessaly cache: grbs-15149.pdf plain text: grbs-15149.txt item: #437 of 1726 id: grbs-15155 author: Skouroumouni Stavrinou, Aspasia title: The opsis of Helen: Performative Intertextuality in Euripides date: 2014 words: 11309 flesch: 56 summary: 23 E.g. Allan, Helen 158; Burian, Helen 13; R. D. Friedman, “Old Stories in Euripides’ New Helen: παλαιότης γὰρ τῷ λόγῳ γ’ ἔνεστί τις (Hel. 1056),” Phoenix 61 (2007) 195–211, at 201, 204; D. M. Juffras, “Helen and Other Victims in Euripides’ Helen,” Hermes 121 (1993) My object of study is performance.5 Musical codes excluded, I focus on aspects of 4 For comedy in scenes see e.g. W. Allan, Euripides: Helen (Cambridge 2008) 209–210; P. Burian, Euripides: Helen (Oxford 2007) 3; W. G. Arnott, “Euripides’ Newfangled Helen,” Antichthon 24 (1990) 1–18, at 14 ff. keywords: comedy; comic; costume; door; egypt; egyptian; euripides; fifth; genre; greek; helen; menelaus; new; opsis; performance; play; skouroumouni; space; stage; studies; theoclymenus; tragedy cache: grbs-15155.pdf plain text: grbs-15155.txt item: #438 of 1726 id: grbs-15157 author: Gottesman, Alex title: Reading the Arrivals of Harpalus date: 2014 words: 7548 flesch: 67 summary: ALEX GOTTESMAN 179 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 176–195 to allow Harpalus entry, and then a return in the guise of a suppliant, and admission into the city in such guise. Many have tackled the Harpalus Affair from these perspectives, without providing a completely satisfactory account of it.1 Here I focus on an aspect whose significance, to my knowledge, has gone unnoticed: the way in which Harpalus arrived at Athens. keywords: alexander; arrival; athenians; athens; city; decree; demosthenes; gottesman; harpalus; philocles; studies; suppliant; supplication; time; tyrant; und; war; worthington; καὶ; τοὺς; τὸν; τῶν cache: grbs-15157.pdf plain text: grbs-15157.txt item: #439 of 1726 id: grbs-15159 author: Betancourt, Roland title: The Thessaloniki Epitaphios: Notes on Use and Context date: 2014 words: 12980 flesch: 56 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 489–535 melismos depicted on the wall-paintings of the period would have been literalized upon the altar as the deacon set the asterisk itself on the folded Thessaloniki Epitaphios on the altar. See also Sharon Gerstel, “Civic and Monastic Influences on Church Decoration in Late Byzantine Thessaloniki,” DOP 57 (2003) 225–239, esp. keywords: altar; apostles; aër; byzantine; carrying; christ; church; communion; deacon; entrance; gifts; greek; holy; liturgy; monastery; paten; scene; studies; textile; thessaloniki epitaphios cache: grbs-15159.pdf plain text: grbs-15159.txt item: #440 of 1726 id: grbs-15171 author: Tolsa, Cristian title: The ‘Ptolemy’ Epigram: A Scholion on the Preface of the Syntaxis date: 2014 words: 4299 flesch: 69 summary: As Boll demonstrated, verbal allusion to this epitaph was common in epigrams that advocated exactly the contrary kind of life that Sardanapalus celebrated, and was especially apt for referring to Ptolemy’s preface because Ari- stotle, who is cited by Ptolemy (I.1 5.8 Heiberg), was known to have expressed his criticism of Sardanapalus in this matter.18 As we see in the anthology, this was sometimes the case with epigrams written on manuscripts such as the ones in the series Anth. keywords: boll; epigram; heiberg; manuscripts; page; pal; ptolemy; studies; synesius; syntaxis; text cache: grbs-15171.pdf plain text: grbs-15171.txt item: #441 of 1726 id: grbs-15173 author: Stadter, Philip A. title: Plutarch’s Compositional Technique: The Anecdote Collections and the Parallel Lives date: 2014 words: 8377 flesch: 63 summary: See also, with particular reference to Caesar, C. Pelling, Plutarch Caesar: translated with an introduction and commentary (Oxford 2011) 36– 42. This paper began as the second half of a paper delivered at the Leuven Symposion “Interpreting Composition in Plutarch,” 5–7 July 2001, at the same time as Christopher Pelling’s paper on a closely related topic, sub- sequently published as C. Pelling, “The Apophthegmata regum et imperatorum and Plutarch’s Roman Lives,” in C. Pelling, Plutarch and History. keywords: agesilaus; anecdotes; ap.lac; ap.reg; collection; greek; life; lives; pelling; plutarch; roman; stadter; studies; xenophon cache: grbs-15173.pdf plain text: grbs-15173.txt item: #442 of 1726 id: grbs-15175 author: Bitner, Bradley J. title: Augustan Procedure and Legal Documents in RDGE 70 date: 2014 words: 9634 flesch: 62 summary: Furthermore, this inscription demonstrates the keen awareness in at least one provincial community of the value of Roman legal documents and decisions in the Julio-Claudian era and portrays the ser- iousness with which one governor received and acted upon such duly presented and authenticated documents.5 G. P. Burton has insisted that the social and historical realia of the assize are essential considerations for any study of Roman provincial jurisdiction.6 We may account for the ἀντί- prefix by recall- ing the Latin ob- in the word group obsignare, obsignatus, terms used generally for the sealing of Roman legal documents of various kinds.72 This is a reasonable assumption of Latin inter- ference given that the Greek term appears nowhere else in the literary or documentary sources. keywords: a.d; augustan; bitner; case; chians; chios; copy; court; decision; documents; evidence; governor; greek; inscription; letter; party; procedure; proconsul; roman; sherk; studies; text; vetus cache: grbs-15175.pdf plain text: grbs-15175.txt item: #443 of 1726 id: grbs-15177 author: Antonopoulos, Andreas P. title: A Puzzling Threat by Silenos: On Sophocles’ Ichneutai 168 date: 2014 words: 1820 flesch: 78 summary: Therefore I urge (with Wecklein) κλαίοντες αὐτοὶ δειλίᾳ ψοφή[σ]ετε. εἰ µὴ ’νανοστήσαντες ἐξιχνεύσε[τε] τὰς βοῦς ὅπῃ βεβᾶσι καὶ τὸν βουκόλο[ν], κλαίοντες αὐτῇ δειλίᾳ ψοφή[σ]ετε. keywords: cowardice; jones; lloyd; noise; satyrs; silenos cache: grbs-15177.pdf plain text: grbs-15177.txt item: #444 of 1726 id: grbs-15185 author: Acerbi, Fabio title: Unaccountable Numbers date: 2015 words: 9910 flesch: 57 summary: This manuscript contains Nicomachus Introductio arithmetica (ff. 4r–57v), Diophantus Arithmetica and De polygonis numeris (58r–130v and 130v–135v), Cleonides/[Euclid] Apparently, Diophantus did not distinguish between denominations of particular numbers and of species in the case of “powers” higher than the cube, either. keywords: 902–926; acerbi; arithmetica; diophantine; diophantus; fact; greek; numbers; psellus; ratio; sentence; sign; species; square; studies; system; tannery; text; καὶ; πλῆθος; ἀριθµός; ἄλογος cache: grbs-15185.pdf plain text: grbs-15185.txt item: #445 of 1726 id: grbs-15189 author: Dik, Helma title: ‘Most likely to succeed’: Degree Adverbs Specifying Probability in Classical Greek date: 2014 words: 6567 flesch: 64 summary: A further quite similar example is in 6.9.2, νοµίζων ὁµοίως ἀγαθὸν πολίτην εἶναι ὃς ἂν καὶ τοῦ σώµατός τι καὶ τῆς οὐσίας προνοῆται· µάλιστα γὰρ ἂν ὁ τοιοῦτος καὶ τὰ τῆς πόλεως δι’ ἑαυτὸν βούλοιτο ὀρθοῦσθαι. 4.80.3 is a similar case, with a degree expression incompatible with ἐπιθέσθαι: προεῖπον αὐτῶν ὅσοι ἀξιοῦ- σιν ἐν τοῖς πολέµοις γεγενῆσθαι σφίσιν ἄριστοι, κρίνεσθαι, ὡς ἐλευθερώ- σοντες, πεῖραν ποιούµενοι καὶ ἡγούµενοι τούτους σφίσιν ὑπὸ φρονήµατος, οἵπερ καὶ ἠξίωσαν πρῶτος ἕκαστος ἐλευθεροῦσθαι, µάλιστα ἂν καὶ ἐπι- θέσθαι, “They made proclamation that all Helots who claimed to have rendered the Lacedaemonians the best service in war should be set apart, ostensibly to be set free. keywords: adverbs; case; degree; dik; expressions; greek; interpretation; likelihood; modal; smith; studies; µάλιστα; καὶ; τάχα; ἥκιστα; ἴσως cache: grbs-15189.pdf plain text: grbs-15189.txt item: #446 of 1726 id: grbs-15191 author: Neer, Richard T.; Kurke, Leslie title: Pindar Fr. 75 SM and the Politics of Athenian Space date: 2014 words: 19049 flesch: 64 summary: This is old Athens—and, more specifically, Peisistra- tid Athens. As L. R. Farnell ___ (Tübingen 2001) 210, argue that omphalos refers to the Acropolis; C. Schnurr, “Die alte Agora Athens,” ZPE 105 (1995) 134–135, argues for the Altar of Zeus Agoraios in the old agora of Athens (on this see below). keywords: acropolis; agora; altar; athenian; athens; base; century; city; classical; date; dionysos; dithyramb; evidence; gods; greek; hesperia; horai; kurke; leslie; location; neer; new; omphalos; oxford; pindar; poem; politics; richard; roman; sanctuary; space; studies; thucydides; zeus cache: grbs-15191.pdf plain text: grbs-15191.txt item: #447 of 1726 id: grbs-15193 author: Salas, Luis Alejandro title: Fighting with the Heart of a Beast: Galen’s Use of the Elephant’s Cardiac Anatomy against Cardiocentrists date: 2014 words: 11910 flesch: 63 summary: Julius Rocca argues persuasively that Galen posits at least one other structure theoretically important to his human physiology and psychology by analogy from the ox, namely the retiform plexus (rete mirabile).9 Given his regular and frequent use of ruminants for anatomical research, Galen would also have been well acquainted with the os cordis in oxen and sheep. Here and at AA II 620, Galen treats hearts as structurally and functionally analogous across air-breathing creatures, which are themselves coextensive with the class of creatures Galen and Aristotle call “blooded” (ta enaima).23 The viscera that are identical across species are structurally identical although they need not be materially so. keywords: account; alejandro; anatomy; animals; aristotle; claims; cordis; elephant; galen; greek; heart; heart bone; luis; rivals; salas; structure; studies; support; καὶ; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-15193.pdf plain text: grbs-15193.txt item: #448 of 1726 id: grbs-1521 author: Schmitz, Thomas A. title: Epigrammatic Communication in Callimachus’ Epigrams date: 2010 words: 7849 flesch: 55 summary: 370–390 © 2010 Thomas A. Schmitz Epigrammatic Communication in Callimachus’ Epigrams Thomas A. Schmitz URING THE LAST DECADE Hellenistic epigram has seen a steep surge in scholarly work.1 One important factor for this renewed interest was undoubtedly the publica- tion of the Milan papyrus containing what appears to be our earliest example of a collection of poems arranged and com- posed by one Hellenistic author, Posidippus of Pella; this dis- covery immediately spurred a minor industry of scholarly work.2 The recent publication of a number of important in- dividual works and collected volumes on epigram (both Hel- lenistic and archaic) indicates the vigorous interest of scholars.3 1 Callimachus is quoted here after the edition by Rudolf Pfeiffer (Oxford 1949–1953); translations are my own. 5 [1993]) 119–130, at 121–123; Meyer, Inszeniertes Lesevergnu ̈gen 214–215; on dialogue in Hellenistic epigram (both literary and inscriptional) see Anja Betten- worth, “The Mutual Influence of Inscribed and Literary Epigram,” in Bing/Bruss, Brill’s Companion 69–93, at 86–89. keywords: bing; bruss; callimachus; communication; epigrams; g.-p; greek; inscription; reader; reading; schmitz; speaker; studies; text; voice cache: grbs-1521.pdf plain text: grbs-1521.txt item: #449 of 1726 id: grbs-15211 author: Bentein, Klaas title: Particle-usage in Documentary Papyri (I–IV A.D.): An Integrated Sociolinguistically-informed Approach date: 2015 words: 11375 flesch: 66 summary: Some Aspects of µήν in Tragedy,” in A. Rijksbaron (ed.), New Approaches to Greek Particles (Amsterdam 1997) 210–213; S. E. Porter and M. B. O’Donnell, “Con- junctions, Clines and Levels of Discourse,” Filologia Neotestamentaria 20 (2007) 3–14. M. E. Thrall, Greek Particles in the New Testament: Linguistic and Exegetical Studies (Leiden 1962), and J. Blomqvist, Greek Particles in Hellenistic Prose (Lund 1969). keywords: a.d; bentein; byzantine; contexts; discourse; documentary; e.g.; greek; iii; language; letters; new; papyri; particles; role; studies; texts; usage; use; wakker; µέν; καὶ; καί cache: grbs-15211.pdf plain text: grbs-15211.txt item: #450 of 1726 id: grbs-15213 author: Murata, Koji title: The Mongols’ Approach to Anatolia and the Last Campaign of Emperor John III Vatatzes date: 2014 words: 7035 flesch: 64 summary: First, a peace agreement between John III Vatatzes and Michael II Doukas of Epiros is presented, in which they arranged a marriage between a granddaughter of John III, Maria, and a son of Michael II, Nikephoros. This last expedition of John III is unique for its long dura- tion: two years. keywords: akropolites; anatolia; byzantine; emperor; end; expedition; greek; iii; john; john iii; macrides; michael; mongols; möngke; nicaea; studies; trial; year; καὶ cache: grbs-15213.pdf plain text: grbs-15213.txt item: #451 of 1726 id: grbs-15217 author: Baratz, Daphne title: The Repetitive Verse: A Comparative Study in Homeric, South Slavic, and Ugaritic Poetry date: 2014 words: 7703 flesch: 71 summary: But when Dawn of the braided hair brought the third day at last, then I took my spear and my sharp sword, and hastened up from the ship to a vantage-point… Conclusions I have tried to demonstrate that repetitive structures are regularly employed in oral poetry by examining two corpora, Ugaritic and South Slavic; each belongs to a different time and is of a different stylistic and literary character.23 Among the various types of repetitive structures we saw in particular the repetition of the ‘expanded colon’ in Ugaritic poetry and found that a somewhat similar way of expression is characteristic of South Slavic poetry as well. Lo their lips sweet, sweet as pomegranates Similar patterns in South Slavic verse A principle which bears a certain similarity to the expanded colon of Ugarit can also be found in South Slavic verse. keywords: 1–24; colon; composition; cta; day; example; formula; greek; homer; homeric; lord; place; poetry; repetition; second; slavic; south; structure; studies; verse; words cache: grbs-15217.pdf plain text: grbs-15217.txt item: #452 of 1726 id: grbs-15219 author: Potamiti, Anna title: γρίφους παίζειν: Playing at Riddles in Greek date: 2014 words: 7588 flesch: 65 summary: The riddling game The term for ‘riddle’, αἴνιγµα, appears for the first time in Pindar, where it is used in reference to the riddle of the Sphinx (fr.177.d).11 αἶνος, a term used of proverbs and animal fables, is also sometimes employed to refer to riddles (Clearchus of Soli fr.95 Wehrli = Panarces a.1 The folk character of Greek riddles is acknowledged as a matter of fact in older works that deal with the subject, but the factors reifying this quality have not been explored.9 In this ___ don 1989) keywords: american; anna; ath; brine; clearchus; context; culture; drinking; folklore; game; greek; journal; potamiti; riddles; riddling; studies; symposion; wine; καὶ cache: grbs-15219.pdf plain text: grbs-15219.txt item: #453 of 1726 id: grbs-15225 author: Mikellidou, Katerina title: Euripides’ Heracles: The Katabasis-Motif Revisited date: 2015 words: 8776 flesch: 63 summary: 16 On Heracles’ struggles with death see H. A. Shapiro, “Heros Theos: The Death and Apotheosis of Herakles,” CW 77 (1983) 7–18; J. C. Gibert, “Euripides Heracles 1351 and the Hero’s Encounter with Death,” CP 92 (1997) 247–258, at 256–257; M. Davies, “Variazioni su un tema di kata- basis,” Eikasmos 19 (2008) 263–271. Katabasis and the theme of life and death The use of katabasis to present Heracles as an extreme form of heroism is only part of the story. keywords: children; dead; death; euripides; family; greek; heracles; hero; infernal; katabasis; life; motif; play; rebirth; return; ritual; studies; tragedy cache: grbs-15225.pdf plain text: grbs-15225.txt item: #454 of 1726 id: grbs-15229 author: Pfuntner, Laura title: Reading Diodorus through Photius: The Case of the Sicilian Slave Revolts date: 2014 words: 6026 flesch: 41 summary: 34.2.1–23 and 36.1–2, 3–9.1, 10 = Photius Myriobiblos cod. Constantini Porphyrogeniti I–IV (Berlin 1903–1910); and F. S. Walton, Diodorus Siculus XII Books 33–40 (Cambridge [Mass.] 1967), with select corresponding fragments in Goukowsky, Diodore, noted below in the Appendix. keywords: books; byzantine; century; diodorus; events; excerpta; photius; revolts; roman; sicily; slave cache: grbs-15229.pdf plain text: grbs-15229.txt item: #455 of 1726 id: grbs-15231 author: West, III, William C. title: Learning the Alphabet: Abecedaria and the Early Schools in Greece date: 2014 words: 6193 flesch: 69 summary: The Etruscan language has not been deciphered, but the Etruscans of course used Greek letters. The cup bears a virtually complete Ionic alphabet (and, above it, the beginning of another attempt at writing the alphabet): αβγδεϝζ[ηθ̣]ικλµ[ν]ξοπqρ[σ]τυφχψω[– –?] From Formello we have a bucchero amphora in the Villa Giulia, inscribed with two examples of the Etruscan alphabet, possibly dated 650–600 (LSAG pl. 48.20): αβγδϝεζηθικλµνξοπΜqρστυχφψ αβγδεϝζηθικλµνξοπΜqρστυχφψ A plaque from the Sanctuary of Poseidon and Amphitrite at Penteskouphia, near Corinth, of 575–550, has an abecedarium written boustrophedon (LSAG 117, pl. 20.16): keywords: 52–71; abecedaria; agora; alphabet; byzantine; cent; century; graffiti; greek; learning; lsag; roman; school; studies; writing cache: grbs-15231.pdf plain text: grbs-15231.txt item: #456 of 1726 id: grbs-15243 author: Thomsen, Christian Ammitzbøll title: The Eranistai of Classical Athens date: 2014 words: 7589 flesch: 63 summary: (3) The appearance of other private associations such as orgeônes and thiasôtai among the creditors suggests that money- lending was a common activity of private associations. If, however, the eranistai of the horoi could be shown to be associations, the rise of private associations will have to be pushed back to the middle of the fourth century and, con- sequently, their role in Athenian society will have to be re- 3 E. Ziebarth, Das griechische Vereinswesen (Leipzig 1896) keywords: 154–175; associations; athens; borrower; century; creditors; eranistai; eranos; evidence; finley; hoi; horoi; ii2; loan; seg; studies; thomsen; καὶ cache: grbs-15243.pdf plain text: grbs-15243.txt item: #457 of 1726 id: grbs-15245 author: Depauw, Mark; Stolk, Joanne title: Linguistic Variation in Greek Papyri: Towards a New Tool for Quantitative Study date: 2014 words: 8523 flesch: 46 summary: Percentage of corrected words in Greek papyrological texts, 300 B.C. to A.D. 800 The graph shows some clear longer-term evolutions as well as 15 For a detailed description of the procedure see B. Van Beek and M. Depauw, “Quantifying Imprecisely Dated Sources: A New Inclusive Meth- od for Charting Diachronic Change in Graeco-Roman Egypt,” in Ancient Society 43 (2013) 101–114. 0   0.01   0.02   0.03   0.04   0.05   0.06   0.07   0.08   -­‐300  -­‐200  -­‐100   1   101  201  301  401  501  601  701   MARK DEPAUW Percentage of ε/αι interchange in Greek papyrological texts, 300 B.C. to A.D. 800 There are differences between Graph 1 with the general evolu- tion and Graph 2, but on the whole there are more similarities. keywords: century; corrections; database; editorial; greek; irregularities; language; papyri; roman; studies; study; text; variation; words cache: grbs-15245.pdf plain text: grbs-15245.txt item: #458 of 1726 id: grbs-15247 author: Anagnostou-Laoutides, Eva title: An Instance of Pathological Love in the Greek Anthology and Elizabethan Poetry date: 2015 words: 9313 flesch: 63 summary: Spearheading the tradition of love epigrams, Asclepiades is the first to suggest that his passion is improper and almost ab- normal.35 Consequently, Asclepiades’ employment of lascivious Danae, and therefore of all prostitutes featuring in his epigrams, must be understood as corroborating his careful characterization of the obsessed lover.36 In adapting the lyric emphasis on (pro- fessed) personal experience,37 which Asclepiades chose to place at the core of his poetry, he often invests it with references to Athenian drama. He refers to Danae again in 2.32.59–62 where he comments on Cynthia’s faithlessness, so typical of the attitude of contemporary Roman women in elegy, but also of legendary heroines who enjoyed furtive liaisons and accepted gifts in exchange for sexual favours.52 Danae is here compared to Pasiphae, the frenzied mistress of a bull, and appears to have been seduced rather than raped by Zeus.53 Propertius’ refer- ence to the rumours that tarnish Cynthia’s reputation and cas- tigate her acceptance of erotic gifts is obviously extended to the circumstances surrounding Pasiphae and Danae, emphasizing the Roman distrust of Danae’s account of her violation by Zeus. keywords: anagnostou; anth.gr; anthology; asclepiades; carew; companion; danae; epigram; gold; greek; hellenistic; laoutides; literature; love; oxford; passion; poems; samos; studies; terence; thomas; women; zeus cache: grbs-15247.pdf plain text: grbs-15247.txt item: #459 of 1726 id: grbs-15257 author: Bouras-Vallianatos, Petros title: Galen’s Reception in Byzantium: Symeon Seth and his Refutation of Galenic Theories on Human Physiology date: 2014 words: 14963 flesch: 63 summary: Ac- cording to Galen generation is an activity (ἐνέργεια) regulated by two capacities, the alterative (ἀλλοιωτική) and the shaping (διαπλαστική). Although he seems to consider that the menstrual fluid might at least make a partial contribution, as Aristotle had suggested, he then refers to the theory that the secretion found in the vagina might be female semen, while he also asks whether there might be a third kind of seed.70 In fact, in On Semen Galen considers that both male semen and menstrual blood have a material prin- ciple.71 Symeon’s objection to the inconsistencies in Galen’s theories between his works is not unreasonable, since Galen’s views in On the Natural Capacities also contrast with his statement in his On Mixtures, where he does not clarify the particular contribution of blood as distinct from that of semen in the con- struction of vessels and other parts of the fetus.72 It is notable ___ (1970) 1–52, at 10–15. keywords: 431–469; aristotle; bouras; bvx; byzantine; byzantium; capacities; case; century; cod; corr; darem; galen; galenic; greek; iii; medical; michael; parts; petros; psellos; reception; refutation; semen; seth; studies; symeon; symeon seth; tacite; text; vallianatos; works; καὶ; τοῦ; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-15257.pdf plain text: grbs-15257.txt item: #460 of 1726 id: grbs-15267 author: Zellmann-Rohrer, Michael title: Protective Iambic Incantations on Two Inscribed Octagonal Rings date: 2015 words: 1731 flesch: 63 summary: | %'(* | -+|*,* 6–7 :;<= ring, l. %+&,* “I, a god, command that the belly not produce pain.” 5 7'(*: ! keywords: greek; ring; roman cache: grbs-15267.pdf plain text: grbs-15267.txt item: #461 of 1726 id: grbs-15275 author: Nachtergaele, Delphine title: Variation in Private Letters: The Papyri of the Apollonios Strategos Archive date: 2015 words: 8701 flesch: 72 summary: Nacht ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 140–163 2016 Delphine Nachtergaele Variation in Private Letters: The Papyri of the Apollonios Strategos Archive Delphine Nachtergaele 1. Introduction1 ARIATIONIST SOCIOLINGUISTICS has emphasized that variation is inherent to natural everyday (synchronic) language: language users constantly make choices between various so-called linguistic variables and they alternate among these possible choices according to the context of the utter- ance.2 On a linguistic level, the choice between linguistic var- iables is insignificant, as they are synonymous; on a social level, however, it is meaningful. Others, e.g. Exler, The Form, did not provide information on the corpus they were working on. 142 VARIATION IN PRIVATE LETTERS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) keywords: apollonios; apollonios archive; archive; byzantine; cribiore; eudaimonis; formula; greek; greetings; health; language; letters; p.brem; p.giss; studies; variation; wish; καὶ; πάντων; πρὸ cache: grbs-15275.pdf plain text: grbs-15275.txt item: #462 of 1726 id: grbs-15277 author: Bongiovanni, Roberto title: Aristomakhou as a Proper Noun in the Prooimial Priamel of Pindar’s Pythian 10 date: 2015 words: 5205 flesch: 59 summary: There is no known alternate source that can confirm a direct line of descent from Aristomachus to the sons of Aleuas (Ἀλεύα τε παῖδες in Pindar). The first critical review of the evidence for the Aleuad claim of descent from Aristomachus appeared in August Boeckh’s edi- tion of Pindar’s odes (1821). keywords: aleuadae; aleuas; aristomachus; boeckh; foil; greek; heracleidae; herculis; heyne; lacedaemon; noun; pindar; pythian; roberto; schmidt; sons; studies; thessaly; τοῦ; ἀριστοµάχου cache: grbs-15277.pdf plain text: grbs-15277.txt item: #463 of 1726 id: grbs-15293 author: Broux, Yanne title: Graeco-Egyptian Naming Practices: A Network Perspective date: 2015 words: 4257 flesch: 56 summary: The Egyptian part is more homogeneous, with only a couple of Greek names and a single Latin one, while the Greek part con- tains more names of varied linguistic origin. In other words, people with Greek names chose from a more limited onomastic set. keywords: broux; component; egyptian; greek; names; naming; network; roman; studies cache: grbs-15293.pdf plain text: grbs-15293.txt item: #464 of 1726 id: grbs-15301 author: Notario, Fernando title: Food and Counter-cultural Identity in Ancient Cynicism date: 2015 words: 9622 flesch: 68 summary: FERNANDO NOTARIO 587 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 583–607 that Cynic counter-cultural attitudes towards food had a cen- tral role in the construction of both Cynic identity and the way wider socio-cultural groups perceived these somewhat shocking philosophers. It is almost a commonplace to state that at least 75–80% of daily Greek food was composed of them. keywords: ath; counter; cuisine; culinary; culture; cynics; diog; diogenes; eating; eds; food; greek; identity; laert; lentils; life; notario; social; ssr; studies; world cache: grbs-15301.pdf plain text: grbs-15301.txt item: #465 of 1726 id: grbs-15303 author: Nassar, Mohammad title: The Geometric Mosaics at Qusayr Amra in Context date: 2015 words: 4621 flesch: 69 summary: 28 L. Morricone, “Scavi e ricerche a Coo, 1935–43, Relazione prelimi- nare,” Bollettino d’arte 35 (1950) 65–66, 327–330; G. Rocco, “L’isola di Coo. Gli scavi nell’isola,” in La presenza italiana nel Dodecaneso (Catania) 77–81; L. de Matteis, “The Mosaics of the Early Christian Basilicas on the Island of Kos,” in 11th International Colloquium on Ancient Mosaics (Istanbul 2011) 339– 351, fig. 67–68, no. 93; R. Hachlili, Ancient Mosaic Pavements (Leiden/Boston 2009) 113, fig. keywords: byzantine; church; fig; jordan; mosaics; motif; nassar; pavements; piccirillo; roman; room; studies cache: grbs-15303.pdf plain text: grbs-15303.txt item: #466 of 1726 id: grbs-15309 author: Fries, Almut title: Demetrius Triclinius and Responsion between Non-consecutive Strophes in Greek Drama date: 2015 words: 8155 flesch: 73 summary: The Re- censions of Demetrius Triclinius (Leiden 1975), ch. 2–4, on Triclinius’ use of ancient metrical terminology and his growing awareness of strophic re- sponsion; and also G. Pace, “Sul valore di προῳδικός/ἐπῳδικός/µεσῳδικός in Demetrio Triclinio,” Lexis 32 (2014) 376–392. 95–96, with further literature, especially O. Hense, Heliodoreische Untersuchungen ALMUT FRIES 537 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 536–557 Present-day appreciation of Triclinius’ abilities is mixed. keywords: almut; antistrophe; aristophanes; byzantine; codd; colometry; demetrius; euripides; fries; greek; nub; oxford; responsion; scholia; smith; sophocles; strophe; studies; text; triclinius; καὶ cache: grbs-15309.pdf plain text: grbs-15309.txt item: #467 of 1726 id: grbs-1531 author: Buszard, Bradley title: A Plutarchan Parallel to Arrian Anabasis 7.1 date: 2010 words: 7894 flesch: 54 summary: Alexander xlix–lxii; R. Fla- celière and E. Chambry, Plutarque: Vies IX Alexandre-César (Paris 1975) 11– 25; and the collation (though not the analysis) in J. E. Powell, “The Sources of Plutarch’s Alexander,” JHS 59 (1939) 229–240. When Arrian tries to sum up Alexander’s character at the end of his Anabasis, he falls back on the pattern which Xenophon had used in describing Cyrus; he does not attempt to compare one source with another or one verdict with another, but simply offers his own opinions, not borrowed from anyone else. keywords: alexander; anab; anabasis; arrian; caesar; diodorus; greek; parallel; plans; plutarch; rivalry; roman; sea; sources; studies cache: grbs-1531.pdf plain text: grbs-1531.txt item: #468 of 1726 id: grbs-15311 author: Paradeisopoulos, Iordanis K. title: Analogies between Xenophon’s Parasang and Hamilton’s Post-hour date: 2015 words: 13170 flesch: 72 summary: Hamilton’s statement shows, first, that the post- horses were employed in walking, not galloping;15 and second, that the post-hour equaled one hour’s walking distance, i.e. it equaled the Persian farsang, and possibly the parasang.16 In the same paragraph, Hamilton provides his estimate for the dis- tance: post-hours “may on an average be considered as equal to ___ man official in charge of the journey], at the moderate price of one piastre, or about twopence halfpenny per hour for each of our nine horses.” Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 353–390 Table 3: Analogies for alternative ‘lengths’ of the parasang From the 192 segments of Hamilton’s journeys (ca. 7800 km), segments in which the absolute difference between parasangs and post-hours is Alternative ‘lengths’ (in km) of the parasang used in comparisons with Hamilton’s post-hour less than 1 between 1 and 2 more than 2 4.9 78 69 45 5.0 (Boucher) 97 61 34 5.1 94 65 33 5.2 106 55 31 5.322 (30 Attic stadia) 114 49 29 5.4 122 43 27 5.5 124 44 24 5.6 128 40 24 5.7 128 42 22 5.768 (30 Olympic stadia) keywords: anat; armstrong; bayburt; distance; erzurum; greek; hamilton; hours; ind; journey; map; miles; paradeisopoulos; parasangs; porter; post; road; route; smith; studies; trabzon; xenophon cache: grbs-15311.pdf plain text: grbs-15311.txt item: #469 of 1726 id: grbs-15317 author: Resh, Daria D. title: Toward a Byzantine Definition of Metaphrasis date: 2015 words: 11741 flesch: 61 summary: Resh ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 754–787 2015 A DARIA D. RESH 755 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 754–787 well as in the Barlaam and Ioasaph, a Byzantine best seller in its own right, and, finally, the imitations by writers of the Palai- ologan period are the most telling examples.2 Considering the impact of Symeon’s menologion and the on- going discussion on the origins of the metaphrastic movement —Symeon Logothetes’ menologion was only the culmination of a trend, which started at least in the early ninth century—it is crucial to ask whether Byzantine sources contain any theoreti- cal reflections on the notion of metaphrasis. keywords: byzantine; century; choiroboskos; daria; definition; greek; ioannes; manuscripts; metaphrasis; paraphrase; redaction; resh; roman; studies; symeon; text; tradition; treatise; tryphon; version; µετάφρασις; εἰς; καὶ; περὶ; τοῦ; τρόπων; τῶν; ἀπὸ cache: grbs-15317.pdf plain text: grbs-15317.txt item: #470 of 1726 id: grbs-15325 author: Pachoumi, Eleni title: The Religious and Philosophical Assimilations of Helios in the Greek Magical Papyri date: 2015 words: 8330 flesch: 67 summary: In the “Mithras Liturgy” (IV.475–829) Helios is assimilated to Mithras, ὁ µέγας θεός Helios Mithras (482), who has revealed his mysteries for immortality to the initiated magician and author of that spell. The spell for fore- knowledge and memory called “A copy from a holy book” (III.424–466) greets “Helios Mithras” (462).8 In the spell III.98–124, included in the spell III.1–164, “the greatest (µέγιστε) Mithras” is associated with Helios, addressed as “the holy king, the sailor, who controls the tiller of the great god” (100–103 and 81–82). keywords: assimilations; concept; cosmos; daimon; divine; egyptian; god; greek; helios; influences; jewish; magician; mithras; mixture; pachoumi; papyri; powers; spell; studies; sun; systasis; µέγας; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-15325.pdf plain text: grbs-15325.txt item: #471 of 1726 id: grbs-15331 author: Verhasselt, Gertjan title: The Hypotheses of Euripides and Sophocles by ‘Dicaearchus’ date: 2015 words: 10323 flesch: 71 summary: The supposed conjecture cannot be based on the reference to Dicaearchus in the Medea hypothesis, since Triclinius’ manuscript does not have this section and that text does not cite a hypothesis but Dicaearchus’ Life of Greece.56 Triclinius does not know Dicaearchus from Salustius’ Oedipus Tyrannus hypothesis (= F 101) or the learned Rhesus hypothesis (= F 114) either: the Laurentian manuscript does not contain the former and reads δικαίαν in the latter (written by his brother Nicolaus Triclines).57 According to Meccariello, it might ultimately go back to the inscriptio of a manuscript of narrative hypotheses, which opened with the Alcestis; at a later stage, Dicaearchus’ name may have been attached to the initial hypothesis instead of the entire collection. keywords: 608–636; aristophanes; budé; century; collection; dicaearchus; diggle; euripides; gertjan; hypotheses; luppe; meccariello; narrative; papyrus; plays; plot; rhesus; sextus; sophocles; studies; title; van; verhasselt; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-15331.pdf plain text: grbs-15331.txt item: #472 of 1726 id: grbs-15337 author: Jażdżewska, Katarzyna title: Dio Chrysostom’s Charidemus and Aristotle's Eudemus date: 2015 words: 3143 flesch: 63 summary: 6 Recent scholarship tends to assume that in the Eudemus Aristotle argued for immortality of the intellect only, not of the soul. We do not know who the interlocutors were; Aristotle may have been one of the speakers.3 From Cicero’s De 1 For Plato see J. Moles, “The Dionian Charidemus,” 187–210, and M. Trapp, “Plato in Dio,” 213–239, in S. Swain (ed.), Dio Chrysostom. keywords: aristotle; charidemus; dialogue; dio; eudemus; life; passage; phaedo; plato; soul cache: grbs-15337.pdf plain text: grbs-15337.txt item: #473 of 1726 id: grbs-15339 author: Kousoulini, Vasiliki title: Panhellenic and Epichoric Elements in Corinna's Catalogues date: 2015 words: 10193 flesch: 62 summary: As mentioned above, it is possible that Antiope was mentioned in Corinna fr.654. It is not certain that there was a Boeotian school of Catalogues of Women associated with Hesiod, but Corinna’s work seems to draw mythological material, motifs, and word- ing mostly from Panhellenic (Hesiodic Catalogue, Homer) cata- logues of women. keywords: 82–110; alcman; asopus; audience; boeotian; catalogue; corinna; daughters; epic; genre; greek; lyric; panhellenic; partheneia; poems; poetry; studies; women cache: grbs-15339.pdf plain text: grbs-15339.txt item: #474 of 1726 id: grbs-15367 author: Claytor, W. Graham; Bagnall, Roger S. title: The Beginnings of the Roman Provincial Census: A New Declaration from 3 BCE date: 2015 words: 5629 flesch: 65 summary: in census declarations submitted to local officials becomes common from 89 on, although the earlier censuses were probably likewise set in motion by prefectural edict.9 As usual, the papyrological evidence from Egypt provides the most-detailed picture of the workings of this system. Otherwise, there are census declarations before that year only from Oxyrhynchos, but these do not follow the same formula, and some of them are uncertainly dated. keywords: bagnall; bce; census; claytor; declaration; egypt; evidence; harthotes; roman; studies; tax; year cache: grbs-15367.pdf plain text: grbs-15367.txt item: #475 of 1726 id: grbs-15373 author: Ast, Rodney; Lougovaya, Julia title: Cybele on the Red Sea: New Verses from Berenike date: 2015 words: 8280 flesch: 73 summary: [, and the last letter may be (9, $9, or 29 6 The first letter might be 69; #9$# is also possible; at line end, below 2 in 5, is top of either & or - 7 b#59&5'9 or b#59&5b9 fit traces best 9 An apparent circumflex over a lost letter in this line is visible below and slightly to the right of the nu in 8 13 b*:9[ possibly b*:9[b'+(?); below the line, there is a wavy stroke that looks more elaborate than a paragraphus 14 or #69; this and following line in ekthesis ca. 3 letters. c may belong to col. 2, to the right of lines 9 to 11, as fibers and the writing appear to line up across the fragments, but there are no ob- vious verbal or physical connections proving this placement. keywords: ast; berenike; col; cybele; greek; line; lougovaya; papyrus; sea; studies; verses; word cache: grbs-15373.pdf plain text: grbs-15373.txt item: #476 of 1726 id: grbs-15375 author: Miletti, Lorenzo title: Rediscovering Myths in the Renaissance: The Calydonian Boar and the Reception of Procopius’ Gothic War in Benevento date: 2015 words: 8409 flesch: 56 summary: 796 REDISCOVERING MYTHS IN THE RENAISSANCE ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 788–811 Figure 1: Biblioteca Capitolare of Benevento MS. 63, f.[2], detail Courtesy of the Biblioteca Capitolare and the Archdiocese of Benevento city’s coat of arms, characterized by a leftward-looking21 hir- sute black boar on the upper part of the shield, while the lower part is divided into four squares, alternatively white and red, symbolizing respectively the Pope and the civic community ( fig. 2).22 See also, more recently, E. Petrucci, “Benevento,” Enciclopedia Dantesca I (Rome 1970) 219; G. Vergineo, Storia di Benevento e dintorni I–II (Benevento 1985); G. A. Loud, Montecassino and Benevento in the Middle Ages: Essays in South Italian Church History (Aldershot 2000); J.-M. Martin, “Benevento,” Enciclopedia Federiciana (Rome 2005); also the essays collected in E. Cuozzo (ed.), Benevento immagini e storia (Atripalda 2010). keywords: arms; benevento; boar; calydonian; century; city; coat; del; diomedes; franco; greek; history; lorenzo; miletti; naples; procopius; relief; renaissance; roman; rome; settala; studies; translation; war; work cache: grbs-15375.pdf plain text: grbs-15375.txt item: #477 of 1726 id: grbs-15395 author: Tolsa, Cristian title: Philosophical Presentation in Ptolemy’s Harmonics: The Timaeus as a Model for Organization date: 2015 words: 6908 flesch: 53 summary: Tolsa ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 55 (2015) 688–705 2015 Cristian Tolsa Philosophical Presentation in Ptolemy’s Harmonics: The Timaeus as a Model for Organization Cristian Tolsa HANKS TO his astronomical observations recorded in the Almagest and the text of his Canobic Inscription,1 we can place Ptolemy’s activity in the middle of the second century at Alexandria.2 His work is mainly valued in the history of science for its contribution to planetary theory, but that same scientific interest that Ptolemy awakens has in part obscured other, not strictly mathematical features of his works.3 The third strategy that Ptolemy displays in the preface of the Almagest is the imitation of philosophical discourse: he does not just say that he is engaging in philosophy, but also writes as though he were writing a philosophical treatise. keywords: almagest; astronomy; beginning; harmonics; mathematics; philosophy; plato; preface; presentation; ptolemy; roman; studies; timaeus; work; καὶ cache: grbs-15395.pdf plain text: grbs-15395.txt item: #478 of 1726 id: grbs-1541 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Concepts of Demos, Ekklesia, and Dikasterion in Classical Athens date: 2010 words: 14347 flesch: 73 summary: 57.56, oὐ µόνoν τῶν ἀπoψηφισαµένων Ἁλιµoυσίων ἐµoῦ κϰυρϱιώτερϱ’ ὄντα τὰ δικϰαστήρϱια, ἀλλὰ κϰαὶ τῆς βoυλῆς κϰαὶ τoῦ δήµoυ, δικϰαίως. 3.15–16, κϰαὶ ὁ µὲν δῆµoς ἅπας … ἀπεχειρϱoτόνησεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν ἐφήβων ἐπιµελείας· ὑµεῖς δ’ oἱ τῆς δηµoκϰρϱατίας κϰαὶ τῶν νόµων φύλακϰες, oὓς ἡ τύχη κϰαὶ ὁ κϰλῆρϱoς ὑπὲρϱ τoῦ δήµoυ δικϰάσoντας … ἐπέτρϱεψεν, φείσεσθε τoῦ τoιαῦτα διαπεπρϱαγµένoυ. keywords: aeschin; assembly; athenian; case; citizens; court; democracy; demos; demosthenes; dikasterion; ekklesia; hansen; jurors; meeting; ober; people; polis; sense; sources; speech; studies; view; δήµoυ; δῆµoς; κϰαὶ; τoῦ; τὸν; τῶν cache: grbs-1541.pdf plain text: grbs-1541.txt item: #479 of 1726 id: grbs-15471 author: Radding, Jonah title: Clytemnestra at Aulis: Euripides and the Reconsideration of Tradition date: 2015 words: 11585 flesch: 58 summary: Moreover, such a confluence of similarities suggests that Euripides wrote the agōn of the IA with that of the Electra firmly in mind, particularly as the differences between these two characterizations of Clytemnestra emerge primarily, and most compellingly, through these same similarities. Indeed, I shall argue, Euripides not only rehabilitates the figure of Clytemnestra throughout the IA: he does so in direct contrast to other tragic versions of the character, and he highlights her newfound virtue with specific 1 Translations by the author unless otherwise noted. keywords: aeschylus; agamemnon; audience; aulis; bee; cassandra; character; clytemnestra; electra; euripides; fact; greek; iphigenia; jonah; semonides; speech; studies; tradition; tragedy; use; woman cache: grbs-15471.pdf plain text: grbs-15471.txt item: #480 of 1726 id: grbs-15483 author: Kampakoglou, Alexandros title: Danaus βουγενής: Greco-Egyptian Mythology and Ptolemaic Kingship. date: 2015 words: 10156 flesch: 62 summary: A descendant of Io, Danaus journeyed with his fifty daughters from Egypt to Argos in order to avoid marrying his daughters to the fifty sons of his brother, Aegyptus.6 At Argos Danaus replaced the autochthonous mon- arch Pelasgus and instituted his own dynasty which through his 3 Cf. Danaus βουγενής: between Epaphus and Dionysus Fr.54 is structured in ring composition, and, as Susan Stephens notes, “by moving the reader from the Greek cow- born descendant of Io (Danaus) to the Egyptian (Apis), Cal- limachus occludes the differences and draws the unknown into the comfortable orbit of Greek myth.”22 keywords: alexandria; apis; argos; berenice; bull; callimachus; connection; danaus; delos; dionysus; egyptian; empedocles; greek; osiris; philetas; ptolemaic; stephens; studies; victoria; victory; zeus; βουγενής cache: grbs-15483.pdf plain text: grbs-15483.txt item: #481 of 1726 id: grbs-15485 author: Galán Vioque, Guillermo title: Joseph Scaliger’s Notes on Quintus of Smyrna’s Posthomerica date: 2015 words: 9379 flesch: 77 summary: L O1 O2 p 549 διατρυφὲν εὖτε µόλιβδος L 552 ἀµφοτέροισιν O1 558 ἱκέσθε O1 587 ἀπαντήσασα O1 O2 p 592 κραταιῇ O1 599 εἴσιδε O1 606 καὶ εἰ O1 O2 p 615 ἢ δ’ ὥς O1 618 ἢ ἐπὶ O1 627 παρὰ O1 630 ὡς µιν ἴδοντο O1 637 τετρυµένοι ἅψεα πάντες L O1 645 ἀντὶ O1 648 τόδε σοί γε O1 651 ἐπεὶ ἦ O1 656 et 661 δε O1 668 τι O1 669 ἐυχεσάοντο O1 670 τοιαύτης ἀλόχοιο O1 O2 p 675 ἐνηέος ἀµφὶ θυγατρὸς L • ἀάπλετον uel ἀµείλιχον ἀµφὶ θυγατρὸς O1 686 ἐπεβήσατο O1 O2 p 693 ἀπαιθοµένοις O1 O2 p 696 ἠλιβάτου O1 700 ἀνὰ ταρφέα O1 706 πορφύροντι O1 O2 p 711 µνήσαθ’ ὅσοι Κρονίωνος L • µνήσαθ’ ὅσοι καὶ Ζηνὸς O1 722 ποὶ νείκεσε µύθῳ L • µάλα νείκεσε uel κατανείκεσε µύθῳ O1 723 φρένας ἠλεέ τίς νύ σε L O1 746 ἀπ’ ἐκ µελέων O1 O2 p 772 υἱέα O1 773 τοῦ δ’ ἐτέτυκτο πάϊς σθεναρὸς L O1 779 ἐριδµαίνειν O1 804 οἱ παρκατέθαψαν O1 O2 p 806 οὐδ’ ἂρ σφὶ L O1 O2 p 827 ἐκίδνατο O1 Liber secundus 1 ὀρέων ὑπερηχηέντων L 11 ὅππως O1 30 ἀλλά που O1 O2 p 34 ἦ νυ οἰ O1 50 ἀναλκείης ὑπὸ λυγρῆς O1 O2 p 51 µήδ’ ἐπὶ πάτρης O1 O2 p 56 δισσάκι L O1 O2 p • φέροντας L O1 O2 p 57 δῶµεν ἕως οὐ κτῆσιν L : ἂψ δόµεν ὡς οὐ κτῆσιν O1 O2 p 59 ἐµοὶ O1 64 ᾔνεον αἶψ’ ἀΐοντες O1 O2 p 71 πάντων O1 72 ἄγε δὴ O1 85 πορφύρῃ … χαλέπτῃ O1 O2 p 110 Ἄρηϊα O1 115 µητέρος O1 116 ἀθάνατον βίον αἰὲν ἀνάλκεα L O1 p : ἐπιειµέν’ ἀνάκλεα O2 380 πολυκλαύτοιο O1 386 πονέοντο ἀπείριτον; ἔστε L O1 O2 p 396 πουλυπέλεθρος O1 398 ἐχθóµενον 956 JOSEPH SCALIGER’S NOTES ON QUINTUS OF SMYRNA ————— keywords: book; catalogue; copy; d’orville; edition; galán; greek; guillermo; joseph; l o1; l o2; leiden; liber; library; libri; manuscripts; notes; o1 o2; o2 p; quinti; quintus; rhodomann; scaliger; smyrna; studies; uel; vian; vioque; xiv; καὶ cache: grbs-15485.pdf plain text: grbs-15485.txt item: #482 of 1726 id: grbs-15509 author: Ugaglia, Monica title: Aristotle and the Mathematical Tradition on diastēma and logos: An Analysis of Physics 3.3, 202a18-21 date: 2015 words: 7427 flesch: 60 summary: αὐτὸ διά- στηµα ἓν πρὸς δύο καὶ δύο πρὸς ἕν, καὶ τὸ ἄναντες καὶ τὸ κάταντες· ταῦτα γὰρ ἓν µέν ἐστιν, ὁ µέντοι λόγος οὐχ εἷς· ὁµοίως δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ κινοῦντος καὶ κινουµένου. διὸ καὶ τῶν ἴσων ὅρων διάστηµα µὲν οὐδέν ἐστι µεταξύ, λόγος δὲ πρὸς ἀλ- λήλους εἷς καὶ ὁ αὐτὸς ὁ τῆς ἰσότητος· τῶν δὲ ἀνίσων διάστηµα µὲν ἓν καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἀφ’ ἑκατέρου πρὸς ἑκάτερον, λόγος δὲ ἕτερος καὶ ἐναντίος ἑκατέρου πρὸς ἑκάτερον· οἷον ἀπὸ τῶν βʹ πρὸς τὸ ἓν καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἑνὸς πρὸς keywords: actuality; aristotle; diastēma; greek; interval; logos; motion; movable; mover; ratio; studies; terms; δύο; καὶ; πρὸς; τοῦ cache: grbs-15509.pdf plain text: grbs-15509.txt item: #483 of 1726 id: grbs-1551 author: Petrides, Antonis K. title: Aegina, Thucydides Son of Melesias, and Aristophanes’ Acharnians 709: An Old Crux Revisited date: 2010 words: 3123 flesch: 63 summary: 12 Thus Olson, Aristophanes Acharnians 254 (“the behaviour … was offen- sive”). This is more probably Aristophanes than Kallistratos, especially if the former’s alleged ties with Aegina are factual.16 Aegina is prominent both in the Acharnians and in the life of Thucydides. keywords: acharnians; aegina; aphaea; aristophanes; euathlos; greek; melesias; studies; thucydides; τὴν cache: grbs-1551.pdf plain text: grbs-1551.txt item: #484 of 1726 id: grbs-15515 author: Nikolaev, Alexander title: Ten Thousand Eyes: The Story of Ἄργος Μυριωπός date: 2015 words: 7808 flesch: 64 summary: Before we discuss this and other possible parallels between Greek Argus and Persian Miθra in detail, a few remarks on the nature of the available evidence are in order. We have thus seen that there are a number of cor- respondences between Persian Miθra and Greek Argus in the fifth-century version of the myth: both creatures of divine origin have ten thousand eyes, are excellent guards, and are archetypal cowherds. keywords: 812–831; achaemenid; aegimius; alexander; argus; avestan; century; cow; eyes; figure; greek; hesiod; iranian; limc; miθra; myth; nikolaev; persian; sources; studies cache: grbs-15515.pdf plain text: grbs-15515.txt item: #485 of 1726 id: grbs-15517 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Dependent Polis: Further Considerations, in Response to Pierre Fröhlich date: 2015 words: 7400 flesch: 72 summary: His examples are (1) poleis that were members of a federation, (2) the perioikic poleis of Lakedaimon and Messenia, (3) Notion, the port of the polis of Kolophon, but itself with the status of dependent polis, (4) Helisson in Arkadia and Koresia on Keos as examples of poleis transformed into civic subdivisions of their larger neighbours without losing the status of polis. Fröhlich (662– 666) selected for discussion a number of what I have classified as examples of dependent poleis, i.e. communities called poleis in sources of the Archaic and Classical periods or known for one or more of the institutions characteristic of a polis, but also at- tested as being politically dependent on other poleis and thereby deprived of autonomia. keywords: autonomoi; centre; communities; concept; fröhlich; greek; hansen; hell; mantinea; notion; polis; sense; sources; status; studies; thuc; xen; καὶ; πόλεις; τῶν cache: grbs-15517.pdf plain text: grbs-15517.txt item: #486 of 1726 id: grbs-15519 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Is Patrokleides’ Decree (Andoc. 1.77–79) a Genuine Document? date: 2015 words: 6732 flesch: 69 summary: Re (2): Canevaro and Harris state that in decrees of the late fifth and early fourth centuries “a clause beginning with ἐπειδή is followed by an infinitive indicating the proposal of the speaker and the decision of the Assembly,” and they point out that ἐπειδή followed by ψηφίσασθαι τὸν δῆµον is unparalleled in Athenian decrees. From these three observations Sommerstein infers (50) that Demophantos’ decree “must have been inserted into the text of Andokides at a later (probably Hellenistic) date”; and he suggests that “it might have been extracted from a collection of Athenian decrees such as that of Krateros and inserted here in the mistaken belief that it was the law Andocides was citing.” keywords: amnesty; andokides; canevaro; decree; document; genuine; greek; harris; lists; patrokleides; speech; studies cache: grbs-15519.pdf plain text: grbs-15519.txt item: #487 of 1726 id: grbs-15533 author: Woods, David title: The Byzantine Eagle Countermark: Creating a Pseudo-Consular Coinage under the Heraclii? date: 2015 words: 6410 flesch: 54 summary: Thirdly, the suggestion that Nicetas authorized the use of the eagle countermark may help explain the rather late date by which his new military mint at Alexandria seems to have begun striking coins, only in indiction 14 beginning September 610, late, that is, if, as seems likely, he had completed his conquest of most of Egypt by the spring of 610.33 The countermarking of coins may have begun in summer 610 as the prelude to the striking of the new consular coinage, and in that sense, as a temporary expedient before the striking of new coins in the names of the two Heraclii as consuls, the coins bearing the eagle countermark may be described as pseudo-consular coins. Reverse, eagle countermark keywords: byzantine; coinage; coins; countermark; eagle; eagle countermark; heraclius; studies; use cache: grbs-15533.pdf plain text: grbs-15533.txt item: #488 of 1726 id: grbs-15537 author: Mayhew, Robert title: Aristotle and Chamaeleon and Anonymous in the Margins of Genev.gr. 44 date: 2015 words: 4867 flesch: 70 summary: Il. 21.390 as follows: Aristotle claimed there is nothing improper about Zeus’ character as portrayed in Il. 21.388–390; he is enjoying with due moderation watching the other Olympians engaged in war (and there is no inconsistency between that portrayal and Zeus’ chastisement of Ares in Iliad 43 68–81 2016 Robert Mayhew Aristotle and Chamaeleon and Anonymous in the Margins of Genev.gr. 44 Robert Mayhew N ILIAD 5, Zeus addresses Ares with a surprising level of hostility (890–891): ἔχθιστος δέ µοί ἐσσι θεῶν οἳ Ὄλυµπον ἔχουσιν· αἰεὶ γάρ τοι ἔρις τε φίλη πόλεµοί τε µάχαι τε. keywords: aristotle; chamaeleon; greek; homer; iliad; scholion; studies; text; war; zeus; ὅτι cache: grbs-15537.pdf plain text: grbs-15537.txt item: #489 of 1726 id: grbs-15541 author: Paradiso, Annalisa title: Peleus and Acastus’ Wife between Nicolaus of Damascus and Aelian date: 2016 words: 3256 flesch: 76 summary: The aorist passive of ἐράω is found nineteen times in Aelian;18 ἀναίνοµαι four times (NA 8.27, 15.19, 16.5 and 9), κατεῖπον twice (NA 7.10 and 15), the comparative σοφώτερος eleven times,19 and ἐνθύµιον at least once.20 Accordingly, we can conclude that the compiler(s) of the Suda depend(s) on two sources21 for the story of Peleus and Acastus’ wife: one is Nicolaus of Damascus, who transmits the name of Atalante (α 4309, from Nicolaus F 55; see also α 809 and υ 708, derived from α 4309). For a different tradition on Peleus see Diod. keywords: acastus; atalante; nicolaus; peleus; suda; wife; καὶ cache: grbs-15541.pdf plain text: grbs-15541.txt item: #490 of 1726 id: grbs-15543 author: Paradiso, Annalisa title: Leonidas at Sphacteria date: 2016 words: 4602 flesch: 72 summary: ὁ δὲ Μακεδὼν ἐκεῖνος εἴτε Λεωνίδης τὸ φρόνηµα ἢ Καλλίµαχος ἢ Κυναίγειρος, ἀρκέσει δὲ τὸ Ῥωµαῖον ἀποκαλεῖν, ὡς τῶν λόγων τῶν ἰατρικῶν ὑπῄσθετο, ἤρετο, εἰ τὸ Ῥωµαϊκὸν εἴη νενικηκός. ἔνθα καὶ keywords: entry; greek; leonidas; pylos; scholion; source; sphacteria; studies; suda; thermopylae; καὶ; λεωνίδης; τὴν; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-15543.pdf plain text: grbs-15543.txt item: #491 of 1726 id: grbs-15547 author: Stamatopoulou, Zoe title: The Quarrel with Perses and Hesiod’s Biographical Tradition date: 2015 words: 6469 flesch: 59 summary: On the piecemeal reception of Hesiod see also B. Graziosi, “Hesiod in Classical Athens: Rhapsodes, Orators, and Platonic Discourse,” in Plato and Hesiod 111–132; A. Ford, “Plato’s Two Hesiods,” in Plato and Hesiod 133–154, H. H. Koning, “Plato’s Hesiod: not Plato’s alone,” in Plato and Hesiod 89–110; and Hunter, Hesiodic Voices 75–86. Aristophanes’ Frogs 1030–1036 offers an indica- tion of how Hesiod’s didactic poem would fit in the context of a collection aimed at isolating the most essential and useful contributions of literary authorities to the common good. keywords: 1–17; biographical; certamen; context; days; hesiod; hesiodic; homer; perses; poem; poet; quarrel; studies; works; καὶ cache: grbs-15547.pdf plain text: grbs-15547.txt item: #492 of 1726 id: grbs-15551 author: Nuti, Erika title: Manuel Chrysoloras’ Περὶ τοῦ Βασιλέως λόγου: Genre, Aims, Content, and Sources date: 2015 words: 12497 flesch: 61 summary: Finally, I will reflect on the significance of its content and sources in relation to Chrysoloras’ career and cultural en- vironment, in an attempt to ascertain whether they can tell us 8 Patrinelis and Sofianos, Manuel Chrysoloras 48–50. I Τα χειρόγραφα της Μονής Μεταµορφώσεως (Athens 1967) 185–188; Patrinelis and Sofianos, Manuel Chrysoloras 53–54. keywords: aristotle; byzantine; chrysoloras; emperor; erika; funeral; greek; laudandus; life; manuel; manuel chrysoloras; nuti; oration; rollo; ruler; speech; studies; table; text; theodore; virtue; καὶ; τοῦ; τῶν cache: grbs-15551.pdf plain text: grbs-15551.txt item: #493 of 1726 id: grbs-15561 author: Kaklamanou, Eleni; Pavlou, Maria title: Reading the Proemium of Plato’s Theaetetus: Euclides in Action date: 2016 words: 10473 flesch: 57 summary: Moreover, the reader is rendered a witness to narrated events and is free to see and interpret things for himself without being guided to understand them in a particular way, influenced by evaluative comments from the narrator (e.g. He spoke convincingly; He replied in an abrupt way; He answered using words full of irony).46 The significance of this point becomes clearer if we consider other Platonic dialogues, where the central philosophical dis- cussion is narrated by Socrates to a friend or acquaintance. To use the terminology employed by Socrates in the aviary model (195C– 200D), Theaetetus possesses (κατέχει) this piece of information saved in his memory, but does not comprehend it (ἔχει).19 b) Considering that other Platonic narrators, such as Cephalus and Apollodorus, appear perfectly capable of reciting from memory dialogues which they hear from others in the form of a διήγησις, it is not satisfactory to suggest that Euclides’ inability to narrate Socrates’ exchange with Theaetetus by heart is symptomatic of his passive, non-dialectical reception of it. keywords: account; conversation; dialogue; discussion; euclides; greek; knowledge; memory; philosophy; plato; proemium; reading; slave; socrates; studies; terpsion; theaetetus; time; καὶ cache: grbs-15561.pdf plain text: grbs-15561.txt item: #494 of 1726 id: grbs-15565 author: Ito, Tadashi title: Irrigation Holes in Ancient Greek Agriculture date: 2015 words: 4831 flesch: 79 summary: Table 5: Holes for plants Dimensions Vines Figs Olives Reference 4 feet 3 feet Syll.3 963.27–32 4 or 3 feet Gp. 5.12, 2.46.1 2.5–3 cubits Gp. 9.6.4 Depth less than 2.5 feet Diameter less than 2 feet Xen. 19.3 The Geoponika supplies important evidence for the use of γῦροι on sloping lands: 2.46.2: καὶ τὸ πλέθρον δὲ τῶν παλαιῶν ἀµπέλων, ἐν τῇ εὐέργῳ, καὶ βοτάνας µὴ ἐχούσῃ, καὶ πλαγίᾳ γῇ ὑπὸ τριῶν πολλάκις ἐργάζεσθαι, ἐν δὲ τῇ σκληροτέρᾳ καὶ βοτανώδει εʹ. A plethron of old vines, in easily worked ground, with no weeds, even on sloping land, is often worked by three people, or if more difficult and weedy by five. In this paper the author considers irrigation holes (i.e. the γῦρος)5 on sloping land, using the Geoponika6 compiled in the tenth century by the emperor Constantine VII, and demonstrates that there were holes, not terraces, on sloping land in antiquity. keywords: 18–33; agriculture; greek; holes; land; round; sloping; studies; vines; καὶ cache: grbs-15565.pdf plain text: grbs-15565.txt item: #495 of 1726 id: grbs-15567 author: Ross, Alan J. title: Libanius the Historian? Praise and the Presentation of the Past in Or. 59 date: 2016 words: 10512 flesch: 56 summary: It provides valuable details for Constans’ and Constantius’ activities during the 340s, a period rendered murky to modern examination on account of the loss of the early books of Ammianus’ Res Gestae, and it is the earliest of a series of panegyrics addressed to Constantius.32 Libanius of course did not know that his speech would become source material for modern historians, but he himself openly alludes to historiographical practices at key moments throughout the speech. To modern eyes, a speech that praises Constantius may ap- pear anomalous amongst Libanius’ surviving works.22 Libanius is perhaps best known as the staunch defender of the emperor Julian, particularly on account of a series of speeches addressed to Julian both during the emperor’s short reign and after his death. keywords: 293–320; account; alan; ammianus; audience; autopsy; constans; constantius; deeds; emperor; form; greek; historians; historiography; history; julian; libanius; lucian; panegyric; relationship; ross; speech; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-15567.pdf plain text: grbs-15567.txt item: #496 of 1726 id: grbs-15571 author: Joho, Tobias title: The Revival of the Funeral Oration and the Plague in Thucydides Books 6-7 date: 2016 words: 12112 flesch: 54 summary: Building upon earlier work by Strasburger,2 Hellmut Flashar argued that Pericles’ picture of Athens in the Funeral Oration is at variance with Thucydides’ own depiction of the Athenians’ actual conduct, which, far from being inspired by striving after virtue, seems driven by hard-headed power politics combined with oc- casional outbursts of frantic passions.3 Flashar concluded that Thucydides’ goal is an ironic exposure of the tension between the true situation at Athens and the sugar-coated Periclean pic- ture.4 While Flashar is right to draw attention to this tension, his solution seems to presuppose an all-or-nothing opposition, which does not quite fit Thucydides’ picture. Unity of polar opposites Konrad Gaiser observed that the fundamental principle at work in Pericles’ account of the Athenian character is the com- bination of opposite tendencies, of which a person manages to 8 As we will see below, Thucydides stresses that on the eve of the Sicilian Expedition a wave of collective desire and hope overruns the Athenians. keywords: account; alcibiades; athenians; athens; character; city; eve; expedition; funeral; funeral oration; hope; ideal; joho; nicias; oration; pericles; plague; revival; sicilian; studies; thucydides; time; tobias; καὶ; ἀκµή; ἐλπίς; ἔρως cache: grbs-15571.pdf plain text: grbs-15571.txt item: #497 of 1726 id: grbs-15575 author: Bilić, Tomislav title: The Island of the Sun: Spatial Aspect of Solstices in Early Greek Thought date: 2016 words: 11405 flesch: 65 summary: The problem is approached by an analysis of several heliotropia, devices for marking or measuring solar turnings, and the Greek notion of solar turnings themselves, which is in its turn studied through discussion of the occurrences of the phrase τροπαὶ (ἠελίοιο) and its variants in traditional and in scientific texts.1 Both the name of the marking-device and the phrase with its 1 Both types of texts belong to a common Greek ethnographic context, which embraces a wide range of cultural phenomena. Although it is impossible to derive a precise latitude from the azimuths, TOMISLAV BILIĆ 197 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 195–224 to the Greeks from Pytheas’ time onwards as Thoule, where the summer tropic and the always-visible circle become one.5 Indeed, it could be claimed that the sun turns at (the latitude of) that island.6 This study thus follows the Greek understand- ing of solstices or solar turnings in the context of successive prevailing cosmological frameworks, recognizing the decisive role of these frameworks in understanding the various authors’ references to this phenomenon. keywords: ballabriga; bilić; diurnal; greek; homer; island; latitude; movement; odyssey; ortygia; phrase; points; schol; solstice; studies; summer; sun; syrie; turnings; winter cache: grbs-15575.pdf plain text: grbs-15575.txt item: #498 of 1726 id: grbs-15585 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Is Teisamenos’ Decree (Andoc. 1.83–84) a Genuine Document? date: 2015 words: 5301 flesch: 68 summary: Mogens Herman Hansen N HIS SPEECH On the Mysteries 81–85 Andokides describes the revision and republication of Athenian laws which took place in the period 403–399 in connection with the restora- tion of the democracy after the civil war between oligarchs and democrats. In discussions of the relationship between Teisamenos’ de- cree and Andokides’ account of it, there is an important aspect which is often forgotten and is not taken sufficiently into ac- count by Canevaro and Harris: Teisamenos’ decree prescribes the procedures to be applied in connection with the revision and republication of Athenian laws. keywords: andokides; assembly; canevaro; decree; document; harris; laws; nomothetai; stoa; teisamenos cache: grbs-15585.pdf plain text: grbs-15585.txt item: #499 of 1726 id: grbs-15587 author: Raynor, Ben title: Theorodokoi, Asylia, and the Cities of Macedonia date: 2016 words: 13969 flesch: 51 summary: Then, in other lists from later in the fourth century, Macedonian cities begin to appear appointing theorodokoi.19 By the late third century, theorodokoi for 28 Macedonian cities were recorded in the ‘Delphi Great List’.20 Hatzopoulos followed Robert in seeing the appointment of a theorodokos as indicative of a city’s political independence. 22 Hatzopoulos, Institutions I 473, following U. Kahrstedt, “Städte in Ma- 230 THEORODOKOI, ASYLIA, AND THE MACEDONIAN CITIES ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 225–262 increasing number of Macedonian cities appointing theorodokoi later in the century as representing an innovation. keywords: 225–262; aristonous; asylia; cities; city; civic; communities; decrees; greek; hatzopoulos; institutions; kingdom; list; macedonian; pella; perlman; polis; royal; studies; theorodokoi; theoroi cache: grbs-15587.pdf plain text: grbs-15587.txt item: #500 of 1726 id: grbs-15591 author: Stolba, Vladimir F. title: Two Hellenistic Defixiones from West Crimea date: 2016 words: 10502 flesch: 69 summary: The presence of both Greek and non- Greek names provides important evidence of multicultural encounters in the Chersonesean countryside, which otherwise could be conjectured solely from the burial data6 and pottery assemblages.7 Here one can mention the first-century A.D. defixio from Emona (modern-day Ljubljana) found at the entrance area of a Roman villa.92 A comparable find context is also reported for the so-called tablet of Priscilla from Gross-Gerau published by Scholz and Kropp, who refer to a few other comparable cases.93 The presence of non-Greek names in our κατάδεσµοι, which casts new light on the multicultural composition of the Cher- sonesean rural population, requires some additional comments. keywords: a.d; athens; b.c; century; chersonesos; crimea; curse; defixiones; eds; form; greek; inscriptions; ipnb; iranian; law; lgpn; names; oir; orphans; roman; seg; stolba; studies; tablet; und; vladimir cache: grbs-15591.pdf plain text: grbs-15591.txt item: #501 of 1726 id: grbs-1561 author: Valente, Stefano title: Choeroboscus’ Prolegomena to Orthography: The Evidence of Psalm-Epimerisms and Ps.-Theodosius date: 2010 words: 4556 flesch: 74 summary: ἐὰν γὰρϱ τὸ ταχεῖα γρϱάψω διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου, κϰαὶ αὐτὴ ἡ λέξις ὀρϱθῶς γρϱαφεῖσα ὀρϱθογρϱαφία κϰαλεῖται, κϰἂν ἐρϱωτηθεὶς τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς γρϱαφῆς κϰαὶ εἴπω <τὸν κϰανόνα>, ὅτι ἡµεῖς διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου γρϱαφόµενον εἴπω, ἐπεὶ οἱ Αἰολεῖς ἄµ<µ>ες15 λέγουσι, τὸ πρϱοσὸν ε τῇ λέξει ἐκϰφωνή- σαντες. keywords: alpers; canon; choeroboscus; diphthong; epsilon; greek; iota; orthography; prolegomena; spelt; word; διὰ; κϰαὶ; τοῦ; τῆς; ὅταν cache: grbs-1561.pdf plain text: grbs-1561.txt item: #502 of 1726 id: grbs-15625 author: Meesters, Renaat Jos John title: Ascending the Ladder: Editio Princeps of Four Poems on the Ladder of John Klimakos (Bodleian Baroccianus 141) date: 2016 words: 5186 flesch: 75 summary: RENAAT JOS JOHN MEESTERS 559 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 556–571 John Klimakos, accompanied by the still-unedited commentary of Elias of Crete.15 The commentary is written in the margin and begins on f. 1r, where it surrounds a preface, ascribed in the manuscript to Daniel of Raithou.16 The Life of John Klimakos, written by the same Daniel, begins at the bottom of f. 1r (ff. 1r–6r),17 and is followed by the Letter by John of Raithou and the reply by John Klimakos (6r–9r); a prologue (9r–9v);18 a table of contents of the Ladder (9v–10r); the Ladder (10v–288r); the same prologue as on 9r–9v (228r); a brief exhortation (228r– 228v);19 the treatise To the Shepherd (228v–247r); Poems 1 and 2 (247r); Poem 3 (247r–247v); Poem 4 (247v); and quotes from various monks and church fathers, written by a different hand: Isaak the Syrian, Niketas of Herakleia, Theodoros Balsamon, Gregory of Nyssa, Maximos, Neilos, Markos, Thalassios, Basileios, and others (247v–251r). Meesters ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 556–571 2016 Renaat Jos John Meesters Ascending the Ladder: Editio Princeps of Four Poems on the Ladder of John Klimakos (Bodleian Baroccianus 141) keywords: byzantine; cycle; heaven; inc; jacob; john; klimakos; ladder; meesters; poem; steps; studies; virtues; καὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-15625.pdf plain text: grbs-15625.txt item: #503 of 1726 id: grbs-15635 author: Garstad, Benjamin title: Alexander’s Return to Greece in the Alexander Romance date: 2016 words: 6039 flesch: 55 summary: Alexander’s relations with his regent could be strained at times, and Curtius reports that Antipater’s victory at Mega- lopolis especially aroused the envy and indignation of Alexan- der (6.1.18): “To be sure, Alexander wished his enemies to be defeated, but he was by no means silent in expressing his dis- pleasure that Antipater had won the victory, thinking that whatever he had to cede to another’s was subtracted from his own glory” (quippe Alexander hostes vinci voluerat, Antipatrum vicisse ne tacitus quidem indignabatur, suae demptum gloriae existimans, quidquid cessisset alienae). Alexander the Great: A Life in Legend (New Haven 2007) 230–254; but see also Stoneman, Greek Alexander Romance 28–32. keywords: alexander; asia; campaign; cilicia; greece; greek; plutarch; recension; return; romance; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-15635.pdf plain text: grbs-15635.txt item: #504 of 1726 id: grbs-15639 author: Maiorov, Alexander V. title: Angelos in Halych: Did Alexios III Visit Roman Mstislavich? date: 2016 words: 11614 flesch: 61 summary: As for the origin of this report, he noted only that he could not establish its provenance.6 N. F. Kotliar also rejected the possibility that Alexios III stayed in Halych. The alliance between Alexios III and Roman led also to more stable relations with the Rus’ population of the Lower Dniester and the Lower Danube.13 The military aid that Roman rendered to Alexios III was guaranteed by Roman’s marriage to the niece of Alexios III, the elder daughter of the overthrown emperor Isaak II.14 keywords: 343–376; alexander; alexios; angelos; asia; byzantine; century; chersonesus; constantinople; crusaders; długosz; emperor; fiadoni; galatia; galicia; grala; greek; halych; iii; laskaris; maiorov; minor; roman; rus; sea; studies; theodore; thirteenth cache: grbs-15639.pdf plain text: grbs-15639.txt item: #505 of 1726 id: grbs-15641 author: Philippides, Marios title: Venice, Genoa, and John VIII Palaeologus’ Renovation of the Fortifications of Constantinople date: 2016 words: 7976 flesch: 63 summary: τῇ Βασιλικῇ πύργου, εἰς ὃν οἱ Ἰανύϊοι τηλεβόλοις ἐχρή- σαντο, καὶ τῶν ἐργαστηρίων τῶν ἐν τῇ Μέσῃ, ἐξ ὧν ἐχαλάσθη- σαν, καὶ τὴν σηµαίαν αἴρειν τοῦ βασιλέως Ἑλλήνων. The treaty had been negotiated and signed by John VIII and the Venetians on 19 September 1442; the article disregarded by Constantine reads, in its Latin version: in quibus tabernis ordinatis sui keywords: byzantine; byzantium; city; constantine; constantinople; emperor; fortifications; genoa; genoese; greek; incident; john; john viii; khalkokondyles; marios; palaeologus; paspates; pera; philippides; studies; venetians; venice; viii; walls; war; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-15641.pdf plain text: grbs-15641.txt item: #506 of 1726 id: grbs-15663 author: Van Hoof, Lieve; Manafis, Panagiotis; Van Nuffelen, Peter title: Hesychius of Jerusalem, Ecclesiastical History (CPG 6582) date: 2016 words: 8693 flesch: 58 summary: In the preserved oeuvre of Hesychius polemic is generally absent, but his Church History and the works against Chalcedon show that this has little to do with an irenic spirit: sermons were apparently not his chosen medium for polemic, whilst a history T L. VAN HOOF, P. MANAFIS, P. VAN NUFFELEN 505 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 504–527 could serve that function. All in- formation in them is derived from works of Theodore and the acts of the Council of Ephesus and there is therefore no proof for the suggestion that Hesychius was himself present in Ephesus.8 F1 is highly polemical: Hesychius clearly understood Theodore as a source of inspiration for Nestorius. keywords: century; chalcedon; church; commentary; council; cyril; defensione; ephesus; eutyches; facundus; greek; hesychius; history; hoof; jerusalem; juvenal; life; manafis; mopsuestia; nuffelen; p. van; pelagius; studies; theodore; van; work cache: grbs-15663.pdf plain text: grbs-15663.txt item: #507 of 1726 id: grbs-15671 author: Hilkens, Andy title: A New Fragment of the Narratives of Conon date: 2016 words: 4070 flesch: 64 summary: The anonymous author of the Chronicle of 1234, for instance, not content with an account of the Trojan war that was based on John Malalas’ summary of Dictys of Crete,8 opted instead for a long literary narrative which appears to be based on books from the Epic Cycle.9 Equally peculiar are adaptations and reinterpretations of five entries from the chronological canons of Eusebius’ Chronicle, which are extant only in the Chronicle of Michael and reveal one of his sources’ knowledge of Androgeus, an obscure figure from Vergil’s Aeneid.10 Similarly popular was the myth of Romulus and Remus, for which the main sources were Eusebius and Malalas.11 A particularly popular event from the rich world of Greco- 2 On Malalas’ and other Greek chronographers’ use of mythographers see P. Van Nuffelen, “Malalas and the Chronographic Tradition,” in M. Meier et al. (eds.), The Sources of John Malalas (Stuttgart forthcoming), which the author very kindly allowed me to consult. keywords: agapius; chabot; chronicle; conon; greek; malalas; michael; roman; source; syriac cache: grbs-15671.pdf plain text: grbs-15671.txt item: #508 of 1726 id: grbs-15675 author: Sassi, Nicolò title: Mystical Union as Acknowledgment: Pseudo-Dionysius’ Account of Henosis date: 2016 words: 4817 flesch: 60 summary: πολλῶν γὰρ ὄντων τῶν ἐν τῷ νοητῷ, πρώτων τε καὶ δευτέρων καὶ τρίτων, καὶ οἷον σφαίρας µιᾶς εἰς ἓν κέντρον ἀνηµµένων, οὐ διαστήµασι διειληµµένων, ἀλλ’ ὄντων ὁµοῦ αὐτοῖς ἁπάν- των, ὅπου ἂν παρῇ τὰ τρίτα, καὶ τὰ δεύτερα καὶ τὰ πρῶτα πάρεστι. καὶ πολυπροσώπους καὶ πρὸς βοῶν κτηνωδίαν ἢ πρὸς λεόντων θηριοµορφίαν τετυπωµένους καὶ πρὸς ἀετῶν ἀγκυλόχειλον εἶδος ἢ πρὸς πτηνῶν τριχώδη πτεροφυίαν διαπεπλασµένους καὶ τροχούς τινας πυρώδεις ὑπὲρ τὸν οὐρανὸν φανταζώµεθα καὶ θρόνους ὑλαίους τῇ θεαρχίᾳ πρὸς ἀνάκλισιν ἐπιτηδείους καὶ ἵππους τινὰς πολυχρωµάτους καὶ δορυφόρους ἀρχιστρατήγους καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα πρὸς τῶν λογίων ἡµῖν ἱεροπλάστως ἐν NICOLÒ keywords: 771–784; acknowledgment; cause; dionysius; divine; god; greek; mystical; pseudo; studies; things; union; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-15675.pdf plain text: grbs-15675.txt item: #509 of 1726 id: grbs-15681 author: Focanti, Lorenzo title: The patria of Claudianus (FGrHist 282) date: 2016 words: 6802 flesch: 67 summary: Two of these obscure poets are the panegyrist Aurelius Harpocration, who was in the imperial comitatus, and his nephew Apollon, known only from the testi- mony of papyri.59 Other poets flourished in the age of Theo- dosius: the already noted Cyrus, famous poet and powerful member of the court; the empress Eudocia, who wrote an epic on the Persian campaigns, a Homeric cento, a paraphrase of Daniel and Zechariah, and a poem on Saint Cyprian;60 Like other poets of the period, he made a literary career composing poetry for public occasions, offering his ser- vices to the cities, the aristocrats, and the imperial officials.67 He devoted his patria to four cities involved in the movements and the reforms of the imperial court between 408 and 450. keywords: author; berytus; byzantine; cameron; century; claudian; epigrams; evagrius; greek; nonnus; patria; poet; roman; studies; theodosius; καὶ cache: grbs-15681.pdf plain text: grbs-15681.txt item: #510 of 1726 id: grbs-15683 author: Kauffman, Nicholas title: Nonnus’ Dionysiaca and Late-Antique Discourse on Warfare date: 2016 words: 11320 flesch: 58 summary: 9 An important exception is R. Newbold, “Nonnus, Dionysus and Christianity,” in M. A. Prost, The Paraphrase of the Gospel of St. John (Ventura 2003) 259–270; Newbold suggests a connection between the violence of 742 NONNUS’ DIONYSIACA AND DISCOURSE ON WARFARE ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 740–770 This paper explores Christian resonances in the Dionysiaca that go beyond the specifically theological, showing that the epic’s battle scenes reflect and engage with the complex con- temporary discourse on warfare, and especially warfare under a Christian empire. Dionysus and religious violence in Nonnus’ world. keywords: battle; christian; constantine; context; dionysiaca; dionysus; discourse; enemies; epic; god; greek; homeric; indian; kauffman; mercy; military; mission; narrative; nicholas; nonnus; slaughter; studies; theodosius; victory; warfare; καὶ cache: grbs-15683.pdf plain text: grbs-15683.txt item: #511 of 1726 id: grbs-15691 author: Philpott, Patrick title: Weak at the Knees: Two Iliadic Formulae date: 2016 words: 3957 flesch: 70 summary: D 7.6 Tiredness; rowers simile πόντον ἐλαύνοντες, καµάτῳ δ᾽ ὑπὸ γυῖα λέλυνται, ND 7.11–12 U 13.412 Deiphobos hits Hypsenor, later carried off groaning ἧπαρ ὑπὸ πραπίδων, εἶθαρ δ᾽ ὑπὸ γούνατ᾽ ἔλυσε. keywords: dead; formulae; greek; homer; studies; γυῖα cache: grbs-15691.pdf plain text: grbs-15691.txt item: #512 of 1726 id: grbs-15693 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Authenticity of the Law about Nomothesia inserted in Demosthenes Against Timokrates 20–23 date: 2016 words: 14129 flesch: 67 summary: They must be mistakes made by someone who composed the docu- ment after the Classical period and did not understand Athenian law and legal procedure.15 Third, “documents should conform to the language, style and con- ventions of Classical Athenian inscriptions of the same type … The presence in a document of words or expressions never found in sim- ilar Attic inscriptions, or in any Attic inscription at all, casts serious doubts on the document’s authenticity” (34–35). According to Canevaro the proper parallel is the epicheirotonia about ostracism.82 He emphasises repeatedly that the epicheiro- tonia is a preliminary and general vote about the laws.83 There is no second round in which particular laws can be singled out and exposed to a specific vote of confidence which, if negative, will entail that the law in question will be referred to a session of nomothetai who will decide whether the nomos be vindicated or, alternatively, stricken from the corpus of Athenian laws and replaced with an alternative law. keywords: 438–474; assembly; athenian; authenticity; canevaro; demosthenes; document; ekklesia; epicheirotonia; greek; hansen; inscriptions; law; laws; new; nomothesia; nomothetai; prytany; studies; timokrates; vote; τῶν cache: grbs-15693.pdf plain text: grbs-15693.txt item: #513 of 1726 id: grbs-15695 author: Friesen, Courtney J. P. title: Dying Like a Woman: Euripides’ Polyxena as Exemplum between Philo and Clement of Alexandria date: 2016 words: 8388 flesch: 61 summary: Yet, whereas Philo situated this within a gendered framework ap- plied to masculine virtue, for Clement Polyxena is an ideal of feminine chastity, thus a model for the Christian wife. For both Pliny and Clement, therefore, the final actions of Polyxena model distinctly feminine virtue—that is, they dem- onstrate commitment to chastity even up to the moment of death. keywords: alexandria; christian; clement; death; esp; euripides; freedom; friesen; gender; greek; hecuba; martyrdom; masculine; philo; polyxena; sacrifice; studies; tragedy; virtue; women cache: grbs-15695.pdf plain text: grbs-15695.txt item: #514 of 1726 id: grbs-15703 author: Nigdelis, Pantelis title: Τετραδισταί in a Funerary Inscription from Roman Thessaloniki date: 2016 words: 3084 flesch: 65 summary: NigdTetr ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 475–484 2016 Pantelis Nigdelis Τετραδισταί in a Funerary Inscription from Roman Thessaloniki Pantelis Nigdelis T THE END of 2015 I published a new funerary inscrip- tion from Roman Thessaloniki, the text of which ran as follows:1 – – – – – – – – – –ΣΕ τραδος · ἀρχισυναγώγ- ώγου Εὐλάνδρου · το- 4 ῦ Ζωσίµου Θεσσαλ- ονικέος · Τι. Καθήκο- ντι τῷ συνήθι µνήµης χάριν καὶ Εἰουλία 8 Πρόκλα τῷ συνγενῖ αὐτῆς καὶ Ἐπιγόνη τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς. Comparing the letter forms and the overall impression of writing to other Thessalonian inscriptions which are dated exactly, we would date the archisynagogos inscription approx- imately between the mid-second and the mid-third centuries A.D.8 As to the text, the most significant improvement concerns the first surviving line, which is preserved in a very fragmentary state. keywords: 475–484; inscription; museum; nigdelis; roman; studies; thessaloniki cache: grbs-15703.pdf plain text: grbs-15703.txt item: #515 of 1726 id: grbs-15707 author: Kelder, Jorrit Martin; Poelwijk, Marco title: The Wanassa and the Damokoro: A New Interpretation of a Linear B Text from Pylos date: 2016 words: 5086 flesch: 55 summary: The wide-spread interpretation of Pu2-ke- qi-ri as a man thus seems presumptuous, and appears to be based on a hypothetical, masculine reconstruction of the name (whereas the more generic ‘s/he who escapes misfortune’ is equally possible) and the general assumption that women are unlikely to have held significant positions in the Mycenaean palace’s social hierarchy.22 In view of all these uncertainties, it is therefore quite possible that Pu2-ke-qi-ri was not a man, but instead the name of the Mycenaean Queen (though this must of course remain hypothetical). In addition, Olsen does not seem to have taken ambiguous names, including Pu2-ke-qi-ri, into account (the name is absent from her inventory of women in the Linear B texts, and does not appear in her discussion of the available evidence). keywords: mycenaean; pu2; wanassa cache: grbs-15707.pdf plain text: grbs-15707.txt item: #516 of 1726 id: grbs-1571 author: Hanink, Johanna title: The Life of the Author in the Letters of “Euripides” date: 2010 words: 10327 flesch: 55 summary: The “apologetic” Tendenz of the letters may even constitute the texts’ very raison d’être: we know, for example, of a rhetorical exercise in which a student wrote a defence of Euripides on the charge of impiety (see n.74 below), and it is plausible that the “assignment” of the anonymous letter-writer was to de- fend Euripides’ decision to leave Athens. This was an enormous edition of Euripides’ works which contained every scrap of Euripidean material—dramatic, fragmentary, and biographical —that Barnes had managed to unearth.2 In the course of pre- paring the volume, Barnes had got wind that Richard Bentley believed that the epistles attributed by many ancient manu- scripts to Euripides were spurious; he therefore wrote to Bentley asking him to elucidate the grounds of his doubt. keywords: archelaus; author; barnes; bentley; der; epistles; euripides; greek; hanink; king; letters; life; plato; poet; roman; socrates; sophocles; studies; text; tradition; trgf; v.1; vita cache: grbs-1571.pdf plain text: grbs-1571.txt item: #517 of 1726 id: grbs-15711 author: Nassar, Mohammad; Sabbagh, Abdulmajeed title: The Geometric Mosaics at Khirbat Mar Elyas: A Comparative Study date: 2016 words: 5491 flesch: 75 summary: The Archaeology of Roman Towns: Studies in Honour of John S. Wacher (Oxford 2003) 198–200; N. Faulkner and D. Neal, Current Archaeology 237 (2009) 34; D. Neal and S. Cosh, Roman Mosaics of Britain III.2 (London 2009) 422–425; S. Frere, Britannia 42 (2011) 272. The site of Khirbat Mar Elyas, ca. 10 km. northwest of Ajloun City, is a geographically important tell dominating its surroundings ( fig. 1), about 900 m. above sea level. keywords: aisle; church; colours; dark; fig; jordan; mosaics; nassar; red cache: grbs-15711.pdf plain text: grbs-15711.txt item: #518 of 1726 id: grbs-15723 author: Eckhardt, Benedikt title: The Eighteen Associations of Corinth date: 2016 words: 6090 flesch: 52 summary: Having discussed evidence from Roman Egypt for associations of ten to twenty-five members, he notes:7 Unfortunately, we do not know the typical size of associations in Roman Corinth; our extant Hellenistic and Roman association inscriptions from Corinth amount to eighteen; however, they do not inform us of average membership size. Specters of Ethnicity in Roman Corinth and Paul’s Corinthian Correspondence (New Haven 2014) 208, who thinks that “it [the association] honors two of its oldest or leading members.” keywords: 646–662; ascough; associations; benedikt; cities; context; corinth; corinthian; eckhardt; evidence; greek; groups; inscriptions; list; roman; studies cache: grbs-15723.pdf plain text: grbs-15723.txt item: #519 of 1726 id: grbs-15725 author: Watts, Edward title: Athens between East and West: Athenian Elite Self-Presentation and the Durability of Traditional Cult in Late Antiquity date: 2016 words: 8817 flesch: 57 summary: His father, for example, was a sophist, kerux of the Areopagus, and hierokerux at Eleusis.43 Other Athenian elite families present themselves similarly. This article explains how the western administrators of Achaea and the particular ways in which Athenian elites expressed their social status combined to protect traditional Athenian civic and religious life. keywords: achaea; athenian; athens; century; christian; city; east; elite; greek; inscriptions; offices; pagan; praetextatus; roman; rome; service; studies; watts cache: grbs-15725.pdf plain text: grbs-15725.txt item: #520 of 1726 id: grbs-15727 author: Piperakis, Spyros title: Decanal Iconography and Natural Materials in the Sacred Book of Hermes to Asclepius date: 2016 words: 10101 flesch: 66 summary: 158 DECANAL ICONOGRAPHY AND NATURAL MATERIALS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 136–161 essence.94 By carving stones with decanal names and images and fixing them with their proper plants, natural substances are set under specific symbolic associations. 27 See Quack, Beiträge, section 2.4.2. 28 keywords: book; ccag; decan; form; god; greek; iconography; isis; les; materials; natural; piperakis; plant; quack; roman; section; seth; spyros; stone; studies; zodiacal cache: grbs-15727.pdf plain text: grbs-15727.txt item: #521 of 1726 id: grbs-15729 author: Takakjy, Laura Chason title: Xenophon the Literary Critic: The Poetics and Politics of Praise in Hiero date: 2016 words: 9192 flesch: 62 summary: Of course, the tyrant’s woe was a fairly popular trope in itself outside of poetic contexts.21 But in epinician Hiero is portrayed as dis- tressed by either metaphorical or physical sickness.22 In Pythian 3, Pindar suggests that Hiero has suffered a physical affliction (63–67), and in Pythian 1, Pindar also draws comparisons be- tween Hiero and Philoctetes (50), the famously sick Greek hero in the Trojan cycle.23 20 For the idea that Hiero’s chief desire is to be loved see Strauss, On Tyranny 91; C. Nadon, Xenophon’s Prince: Republic and Empire in the Cyropaedia (Berkeley 2001) 147. 21 49–73 Hiero’s historical reputation for unscrupulous military action takes center stage in Xenophon’s dialogue.6 Hiero has been approached in a variety of ways. keywords: 49–73; charis; critic; croesus; dialogue; epinician; greek; hiero; odes; phthonos; pindar; poetry; praise; simonides; song; studies; takakjy; tyrant; wealth; xenophon; καὶ cache: grbs-15729.pdf plain text: grbs-15729.txt item: #522 of 1726 id: grbs-15731 author: Pazdernik, Charles F. title: “The Great Emperor”: A Motif in Procopius of Caesarea’s Wars date: 2016 words: 6024 flesch: 59 summary: Only then did Gelimer deign to offer a justification of his position (3.9.20–23), in which he had the temerity to address Justinian as one monarch to another: βασιλεὺς Γελίµερ Ἰουστινιανῷ βασιλεῖ, “basileus Gelimer to basileus Justinian” (3.9.20). The Persian shah Khusrau I, Procopius’ Chosroês, is three times addressed in Book 2 of the Wars as “most mighty king” (ὦ κράτιστε βασιλεῦ), a formulation that occurs only in the vocative.10 On the only other occasion on which it appears, Belisarius employs the same expression in a letter to Justinian, pleading for reinforcements, that is otherwise notable for its hyperbolic and sardonic tone (7.12.3): ἀφίγµεθα εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν, ὦ βασιλεῦ κράτιστε, ἀνδρῶν τε καὶ ἵππων καὶ ὅπλων καὶ χρηµάτων χωρίς. keywords: basileus; belisarius; byzantine; emperor; gelimer; goths; greek; justinian; king; letter; megas; pazdernik; procopius; roman; studies; wars; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν cache: grbs-15731.pdf plain text: grbs-15731.txt item: #523 of 1726 id: grbs-15735 author: Anderson, Benjamin title: The Defacement of the Parthenon Metopes date: 2016 words: 3839 flesch: 57 summary: 24 V. Christides, “The Raids of the Moslems of Crete in the Aegean Sea: Piracy and Conquest,” Byzantion 51 (1981) 76–111. 25 On the Arab sack of Athens as a phantom of twentieth-century histori- ography see G. van Steen, “Sin and the City: A Mid-Fifteenth-Century Lament for the Fall of Athens to the ‘Persians’,” in D. Tziovas (ed.), Re- imagining the Past: Antiquity and Modern Greek Culture (Oxford 2014) 229–251, here at 231–232; and Kaldellis, Christian Parthenon 94–95, with references to earlier literature. The damage to the west metopes is documented in two seventeenth-century drawings, that to the north and east in drawings executed by William Pars in 1765/6.7 If we follow the guidelines proposed above, then the terminus post quem for the defacement of the Parthenon metopes is ca. keywords: account; athens; century; christian; church; defacement; evliya; greek; metopes; north; parthenon; parthenon metopes; studies cache: grbs-15735.pdf plain text: grbs-15735.txt item: #524 of 1726 id: grbs-15749 author: Wright, Matthew title: Gnomic φεῦ date: 2016 words: 3114 flesch: 69 summary: (Eur. Hec. 864–867) Elsewhere, φεῦ may perhaps indicate an extreme of positive feeling: φεῦ φεῦ· βροτοῖσιν ὡς τὰ χρηστὰ πράγµατα χρηστῶν ἀφορµὰς ἐνδίδωσ’ ἀεὶ λόγων. These are not the only tragic passages which self-consciously draw our attention to their status as the embodiment of tra- ditional wisdom by explictly labelling themselves as maxims (using terms such as αἶνος, λόγος, παροιµία, or µῦθος).10 But it is extraordinary that both passages above use exactly the same opening line, combining the self-labelling phrase and φεῦ φεῦ to constitute an emphatic marking device. keywords: eur; euripides; gnomic; greek; maxim; studies; φεῦ; φεῦ φεῦ cache: grbs-15749.pdf plain text: grbs-15749.txt item: #525 of 1726 id: grbs-15751 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Authenticity of the Law about Nomothesia inserted in Demosthenes Against Timokrates 33 date: 2016 words: 6249 flesch: 66 summary: In my opinion the “errors” Canevaro has found in the documents inserted at §20–23 and 33 are not errors but trustworthy pieces of information about Athenian laws and legislative procedures, based on either existing copies of the laws or on copies of Demosthenes’ speech that included other documents than those in the Urexemplar. But in spite of my disagreement I would like to add that Canevaro’s book is a highly professional and valuable contribution to the debate and will be required reading for all who study Athenian law and political institutions as well as all who investigate the history and origin of the Demosthenic corpus. keywords: canevaro; demosthenes; document; force; hansen; law; laws; nomothesia; nomothetai; speeches; studies; timokrates cache: grbs-15751.pdf plain text: grbs-15751.txt item: #526 of 1726 id: grbs-15753 author: Nigdelis, Pantelis title: The Nonae Capratinae in Dion and Religious Associations and Public Festivals in Roman Macedonia date: 2016 words: 5516 flesch: 62 summary: The conclusion that the asso- ciation was involved with the cult of the god, electing agoranomoi for festivals from among its members, still stands, even if we accept that in all the rest of the votive offerings (including that of T. Granius Felix) the officers concerned are aediles coloniae who were charged with overseeing the celebration of the cult of Liber Pater in collaboration with the quasi-official thiasos to which they offer the votive.44 In that case the fact that Primio served as agoranomos would indicate that the association could elect agoranomoi for official festivals of Dionysos, in cases there were no candidates ready to be elected as ad hoc aediles and consequently to provide additional funds for the needs of those festivals. This is particularly true of its re- ligious life, and especially as regards the cult of Zeus Hypsistos. keywords: agoranomos; arura; association; capratinae; cult; dion; festival; greek; hypsistos; inscription; nonae; roman; studies; votive; zeus; zeus hypsistos cache: grbs-15753.pdf plain text: grbs-15753.txt item: #527 of 1726 id: grbs-15755 author: Kaldelis, Anthony title: The Forum of Constantine in Constantinople: What do we know about its original architecture and adornment? date: 2016 words: 9433 flesch: 64 summary: s.a. 407; see J. Crow, J. Bardill, and R. Bay- liss, The Water Supply of Byzantine Constantinople ( JRS Monogr. 11 It spoiled his fictional image of Constantine as a purely Christian em- peror and could not be explained by his theory that Constan- tine brought ancient statues to the city to have them ridiculed. keywords: byzantine; century; city; column; constantine; constantinople; doors; emperor; forum; kedrenos; konstantinos; parastaseis; patria; roman; senate; sources; statue; studies cache: grbs-15755.pdf plain text: grbs-15755.txt item: #528 of 1726 id: grbs-15759 author: Nelsestuen, Grant A. title: Oikonomia as a Theory of Empire in the Political Thought of Xenophon and Aristotle date: 2016 words: 11762 flesch: 44 summary: Style, Genre, and Literary Technique (Oxford 1993); Gray, Xenophon’s Mirror 246–290; G. Dan- zig, “The Best of the Achaemenids: Benevolence, Self-Interest and the ‘Ironic’ Reading of Cyropaedia,” in F. Hobden and C. Tuplin (eds.), Xenophon: Ethical Principles and Historical Enquiry (Leiden 2012) 499–539; N. B. Sand- ridge, Loving Humanity, Learning, and Being Honored: the Foundations of Leadership in Xenophon’s Education of Cyrus (Cambridge [Mass.] 2012); and D. Placido, “La monarchie comme modèle de la polis: la Cyropédie de Xénophon,” in A. Gonzalès and M. T. Schettino (eds.), L’idéalisation de l’autre (Besançon 2014) 41–52. An Interpretation of the Oeconomicus (Ithaca 1970); L. Kronenberg, Allegories of Farming from Greece and Rome: Philosophical Satire in Xenophon, Varro, and Virgil (Cambridge 2009) 37–72; and L. D. Nee, “The City on Trial: Socrates’ Indictment of the Gentleman in Xenophon’s Oeconomicus,” Polis 26 (2009) 246–270; and of Cyropaedia, see P. Carlier, “L’idée de monarchie imperiale dans la Cyropédie de Xénophon,” Ktema 3 (1978) 133–163; W. R. Newell, “Tyranny and the Science of Ruling in Xenophon’s Education of Cyrus,” Journal of Politics 45 (1983) 889–906; J. Tatum, Xenophon’s Imperial Fiction: On the Education of Cyrus (Princeton 1989); C. Nadon, Xenophon’s Prince: Republic and Empire in the Cyropaedia (Berkeley 2001); V. Azoulay, Xénophon et les grâces du pouvoir (Paris 2004); C. Whidden, “Hares, Hounds, Herds, and Hives in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia,” Interpretation 35 (2008) 225–239, “Cyrus’s Imperial Household: An Aristotelian Reading of Xenophon’s Cyropaedia,” Polis 25 (2008) 31–62, and “Deception in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia,” Inter- pretation 34 (2007) 129–156; and J. Reisert, “Ambition and Corruption in Xenophon’s Education of Cyrus,” Polis 26 (2009) 296–315. keywords: 74–104; aristotle; cyropaedia; cyrus; empire; greek; household; ischomachus; management; oeconomicus; oikonomia; oikos; persian; polis; rule; studies; theory; xenophon cache: grbs-15759.pdf plain text: grbs-15759.txt item: #529 of 1726 id: grbs-15761 author: Vuolanto, Ville title: Grandmothers in Roman Egypt date: 2017 words: 11309 flesch: 61 summary: For paternal grandmothers the result is more ambiguous, even if frequently positive, while the presence of grandfathers seems not to have this effect.76 The material from Roman Egypt indicates that maternal grandmothers did indeed have a special place in the everyday life of their daughters and in con- tributing to the first years of their grandchildren’s life course. This would help us assess the plausibility of the some specific claims made by the hypothesis, especially the proposal that maternal grandmothers would appear more often in caring roles than paternal grand- mothers or grandfathers. keywords: age; boy; cases; children; egypt; family; grandchildren; grandfather; grandmothers; grandparents; iii; p.oxy; roman; studies; vuolanto cache: grbs-15761.pdf plain text: grbs-15761.txt item: #530 of 1726 id: grbs-15769 author: Almazova, Nina title: On the Javelin Simile in Pindar Nemean 7.70–73 date: 2016 words: 6244 flesch: 68 summary: Königsberger Gelehrter Gesellsch., Geisteswissenschaftliche Klasse 5.3 (Halle 1928) 319; Farnell, Works II 300; R. Lattimore, “Pindar Nemean 7.70–74,” CP 40 (1945) 121; G. Nor- wood, Pindar (Berkeley/Los Angeles 1945) 110; G. F. Gianotti, “La Nemea settima di Pindaro,” RivFil 94 (1966) 103–104; Segal, TAPA 98 (1967) 444 n.30; Kirkwood, in Poetry and Poetics 86–87, and Selections 258, 273. The Second Pythian and Seventh Nemean Odes,” JHS 93 (1973) 135; E. Dönt, “Pindars siebente Nemeische Ode,” WS 98 N.F. 19 (1985) 112; T. K. Hubbard, “The Subject/Object Relation in Pindar’s Second Pythian and Seventh Nemean,” QUCC N.S. 22 (1986) 70; J. G. Howie, “Stylistic Enactment in Pindar Nemean Seven,” Hyperboreus 22 (2016) 66. keywords: 1–15; javelin; nem; nemean; pindar; segal; simile; sogenes; studies; throw; victory; wrestling cache: grbs-15769.pdf plain text: grbs-15769.txt item: #531 of 1726 id: grbs-15773 author: Keesling, Catherine M. title: Greek Statue Terms Revisited: What does ἀνδριάς mean? date: 2017 words: 9456 flesch: 64 summary: Jahr- CATHERINE M. KEESLING 839 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 837–861 andrias, a term whose etymology naturally connects it with male figures, begin to be used to refer to portraits of women?8 Why did andrias eventually become a more common term for portrait statues in Greek inscriptions than eikon? As I hope to show, though it is clear that andrias, beginning in the fifth century BCE, was sometimes used in both literature and inscriptions to refer to portrait statues, it can only be said to mean “portrait” from the second century BCE onward. keywords: 837–861; agalma; andriantes; andrias; athenian; bce; bronze; century; decree; eikon; female; figures; greek; inscriptions; inventories; keesling; portrait; portrait statues; roman; statue; studies; temple; terms; und; καὶ cache: grbs-15773.pdf plain text: grbs-15773.txt item: #532 of 1726 id: grbs-15775 author: Zellmann-Rohrer, Michael title: Notes on Two Inscribed Gems and an Affectionate Address date: 2016 words: 1569 flesch: 64 summary: ἂν Ὀδυσ|σεὺς γέ|νωµαι· reverse µά σε, | ἐξουθέ|νι· ὁ δοῦλός | σου ἐγὼ | Νεκτάρις. The editor’s “fürwahr” gets closer to the force of µά σε, but the phrase is worth further comment. keywords: gem; greek; seg cache: grbs-15775.pdf plain text: grbs-15775.txt item: #533 of 1726 id: grbs-15779 author: Moss, Yonatan title: Saving Severus: How Severus of Antioch’s Writings Survived in Greek date: 2016 words: 9441 flesch: 58 summary: Compare III 1322–1324 (three and a half columns dedicated to Severus references) with 1271–1272 (less than three full col- umns dedicated to Ephrem the Syrian) and 1265–1266 (three columns dedicated to Cyril of Alexandria). YONATAN MOSS 805 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 56 (2016) 785–808 difference worth spending twenty years in hiding and exile for—as Severus did.58 But when it came to matters of biblical exegesis, Severus was anything but a purist. keywords: antioch; byzantine; catenae; century; chalcedonian; devreesse; greek; justinian; moss; petit; scholia; severus; studies; sur; syriac; works; writings cache: grbs-15779.pdf plain text: grbs-15779.txt item: #534 of 1726 id: grbs-15783 author: Kelly, Benjamin title: Proving the ius liberorum: P.Oxy. XII 1467 Reconsidered date: 2016 words: 11453 flesch: 60 summary: Registration petitions The sense in which registration petitions were useful evi- dence is clarified by a second feature: as far as we can tell, they were invariably submitted very quickly after the wrong of which they complain. keywords: 105–135; a.d; aurelia; birth; children; document; egypt; greek; ius; ius liberorum; kelly; liberorum; p.oxy; petition; prefect; registration; right; roman; studies; thaisous; women cache: grbs-15783.pdf plain text: grbs-15783.txt item: #535 of 1726 id: grbs-15785 author: Fernández-Delgado, José-Antonio; Pordomingo, Francisca title: Musical Ekphrasis and Diegema in Longus’ Daphnis and Chloe date: 2016 words: 4713 flesch: 50 summary: THAT MUSIC plays a key role in Daphnis and Chloe has been noted in scholarship on the novel, and it could not be otherwise if we take into account the enormous influence that the genre of bucolic poetry had in its shaping.1 Topics have included the frequent references to music in the work—performances, contests, accompaniment to the daily tasks of the idealized shepherds who are the main characters, explanations of the origins and making of pastoral musical instruments through various etiological legends, and the symbolic and structural function of music in the couple’s process of falling in love.2 While it is true that the very musicality of Longus’ style has 1 E. Vaccarello, “L’eredità della poesia bucolica nel romanzo di Longo,” MC 5 (1935) 307–325; G. Rohde, “Longus und die Bukolik,” RhM 86 (1937) 23–49; M. C. Mittelstadt, “Longus: Daphnis and Chloe and the Pastoral Tradition,” ClMed 27 (1966) 162–177, and “Bucolic-lyric Motifs and Dramatic Narrative in Longus’ Daphnis and Chloe,” RhM 113 (1970) 211–227. A couple of versions of this story are in diegemata 4 and 32 in Libanius’ repertoire of progymnasmata,20 which shows that this theme was deeply rooted as a school exercise, 17 A characteristic topic of progymnasmatic ekphrasis: see Gibson, Li- banius’s Progymnasmata 447 ff. keywords: chloe; daphnis; diegema; ekphrasis; greek; longus; novel; pan; story; theon; theory cache: grbs-15785.pdf plain text: grbs-15785.txt item: #536 of 1726 id: grbs-15799 author: Roussou, Stephanie title: The Reception of Herodian in the Byzantine Period: The Case of Theognostus date: 2017 words: 8645 flesch: 65 summary: From the surviving epitomes and fragments of Herodian’s work we learn that in its original form this work contained not only long lists of words exemplifying accentuation rules, but also word meanings (especially for rare and unusual words) and passages illustrating the uses of listed words. [i.e. they are not spelled with οιν], e.g. Φόρκυν, Πόλτυν, Κόλυν, Κάπυν, Γόρτυν (the name of a hero) (d) Conditions for accentuation rules which are not conditions for the spelling of words are presented side by side with their opposite (or side by side with an alternative), as alternatives in the orthographic rule Another feature of Theognostus’ method of transforming Herodian’s accentuation rules into orthographic ones involves words and phrases which were originally conditions for the accentuation rules but which are irrelevant to the orthographic rules, and which appear as alternatives next to each other in the orthographic rule, usually in the pattern εἴτε … εἴτε. keywords: accentuation; arcadius; byzantine; ending; greek; herodian; oxytone; pseudo; rule; studies; syllables; theognostus; words; διὰ; εἴτε; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-15799.pdf plain text: grbs-15799.txt item: #537 of 1726 id: grbs-1581 author: Widzisz, Marcel title: The Duration of Darkness and the Light of Eleusis in the Prologue of Agamemnon and the Third Stasimon of Choephoroi date: 2010 words: 11118 flesch: 59 summary: Widzisz ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 461–489 © 2010 Marcel Widzisz The Duration of Darkness and the Light of Eleusis in the Prologue of Agamemnon and the Third Stasimon of Choephoroi Marcel Widzisz VER A CENTURY AGO Walter Headlam noticed that certain phrases and images in the Oresteia seem to allude to the Eleusinian mysteries.1 His life cut short, George Thomson edited and published Headlam’s notes2 (later developed into a full-length commentary on the Oresteia)3 in which he sought to buttress the case for allusion to the Mysteries. The possibility of the watchman, in the prologue of Agamemnon, uttering phrases reminiscent of the Mysteries is acknowledged neither by E. Fraenkel, Aeschylus’ Agamemnon I–III (Oxford 1950), nor by J. Denniston and D. Page, Aeschylus’ Agamemnon (Oxford 1957); J. Bollack and P. Judet de la O 462 THE DURATION OF DARKNESS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 461–489 Headlam-Thomson suggest with little comment6 (with one early exception),7 it is little wonder that there is some hedging and head-scratching about the purported allusions.8 ___ Combe, L’Agamemnon d’Eschyle: le texte et ses interpretations I–II (Lille 1981) ad Ag. 38, consider only the last line of the prologue in this regard, “puisant ailleurs dans l’arsenal de la sagesse populaire, le veilleur est ainsi subitement initié au langage des mystères. keywords: aeschylus; agamemnon; choephoroi; darkness; der; eleusinian; eleusis; greek; house; initiates; initiation; language; light; mysteries; oresteia; orestes; passage; prologue; rites; ritual; studies; thomson; time; und; watchman; west; widzisz; κϰαὶ; χρϱόνος cache: grbs-1581.pdf plain text: grbs-1581.txt item: #538 of 1726 id: grbs-15817 author: Arthur-Montagne, Jacqueline Michelle title: Symptoms of the Sublime: Longinus and the Hippocratic Method of Criticism date: 2017 words: 11483 flesch: 54 summary: Although Longinus adopts a more cynical view of mankind than the philosopher, his counterargument also creates the possibility of a solution: if speakers can once more turn their attention to the lasting great- ness of literature and philosophy, sublime speech will thrive again.19 This debate between external and internal causes is em- blematic of a widespread etiology of literary decline in the 17 Subl. In this passage, Longinus envisions nature and science working together towards the perfection of sublime speech. keywords: arthur; author; body; century; criticism; decline; disease; greek; hippocratic; jacqueline; literature; longinus; medicine; method; montagne; nature; phaedrus; physician; plato; rhetoric; science; socrates; speech; studies; sublime; symptoms; καὶ cache: grbs-15817.pdf plain text: grbs-15817.txt item: #539 of 1726 id: grbs-15851 author: Gysembergh, Victor title: Greek Stars and Chaldaean Hours. A Bouquet of Aratean Emendations from Franz Boll’s Library date: 2017 words: 5250 flesch: 72 summary: Gysem ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 356–371 2017 Victor Gysembergh Greek Stars and Chaldaean Hours: A Bouquet of Aratean Emendations from Franz Boll’s Library Victor Gysembergh SERIES OF HANDWRITTEN NOTES by Franz Boll (1867– 1924)1 is published here for the first time. These shed new light both on their author’s philological and historical work and on the history of the Aratean corpus.2 Franz Boll was one of the most prominent figures of Altertums- wissenschaften in the first quarter of the twentieth century. keywords: boll; commentary; fish; greek; gysembergh; line; maass; martin; stars; studies; text; καὶ; τοῦ; τὸν; ἡλίου cache: grbs-15851.pdf plain text: grbs-15851.txt item: #540 of 1726 id: grbs-15853 author: Valente, Stefano title: The Doctrine of Winds in Blemmydes: On the Reception of Aristotelian Meteorology in the Palaeologan Age date: 2016 words: 6040 flesch: 71 summary: It is the second book of Nikephoros Blemmydes’ philosophical compen- dium (Εἰσαγωγικὴ ἐπιτοµή, Introductory compendium), a course- book written mainly as a teaching tool.5 The Epitome contains a 2 Lackner, in Actes XIV 640 n.10: “In einer demnächst abgeschlossenen Monographie des Verf. [Vatican City 1937] 428–440); Lackner (n.3 above); C. N. Con- stantinides, Higher Education in Byzantium in the Thirteenth and Early Fourtheenth Centuries (Nicosia 1982) 6 ff.; D. Stiernon, “Nicéphore Blemmydès,” Diction- naire de spiritualité 11 (1982) 187–198; J. A. Munitiz, Nikephoros Blemmydes, A STEFANO VALENTE 233 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 231–247 straightforward presentation on physics, meteorology, and astronomy: Aristotle and his commentators were the main sources for the chapters on physics (1–12) and meteorology (12–23), Cleomedes’ On Heaven for the astronomical part (24– 31). keywords: alex; aphr; aristotle; blemmydes; byzantine; epitome; greek; lackner; north; physica; studies; text; valente; version; winds; µὲν; καὶ; τοῦ; τῆς cache: grbs-15853.pdf plain text: grbs-15853.txt item: #541 of 1726 id: grbs-15855 author: Lougovaya, Julia title: A Perfect Pangram: A Reconsideration of the Evidence date: 2016 words: 10108 flesch: 65 summary: It would be reasonable to expect that composition of Greek perfect pangrams required considerable effort, too, and that the results would probably be appreciated at least by those who gave it a try. In search of meaning Richard Bentley in his Epistola ad Joannem Millium (1733) imagined that Greek perfect pangrams were composed as a kind of game: “apparently it was once an amusing and childish computation; thus from twenty-four letters with each employed no more than once, they would make some barbaric and silly words, as long as it pleased.” keywords: alphabet; arrangement; bentley; callanan; clement; elements; greek; julia; letters; line; lougovaya; pangram; passage; sequence; studies; tablet; words; κνάξ cache: grbs-15855.pdf plain text: grbs-15855.txt item: #542 of 1726 id: grbs-15859 author: Swist, Jeremy J. title: Sophistry and Sorcery in Libanius' Declamations date: 2017 words: 8389 flesch: 57 summary: 166–209; Russell, Greek Declamation 108–109; T. Whitmarsh, The Second Sophistic (Oxford 2005) 66– 73; G. Tomassi, “Tyrants and Tyrannicides: Between Literary Creation and Contemporary Reality in Greek Declamation,” in E. Amato et al. (eds.), Law and Ethics in Greek and Roman Declamation (Berlin 2015) 247–267; L. Pernot, “Il non-detto della declamazione greco-romana: Discorso figurato, sottintesi e allusioni politiche,” in L. C. Montefusco (ed.), Papers on Rhetoric VIII Declamation (Rome 2007) 209–234; Penella, in Libanius: A Critical Intro- duction 125–127; A. J. Quiroga Puertas, “Demosthenes’ Moral and Legal Arguments in Libanius’ Declamations,” in Law and Ethics 287–306; J. Swist, “Pagan Altars and Monarchic Discourse in Libanius Declamation 22,” Phoenix 70 (2016) 448 SOPHISTRY AND SORCERY IN LIBANIUS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 431–453 were at play.61 Libanius professed nevertheless that hiera and logoi were inextricably linked, and so an attack on one was an attack on both.62 Libanius’ anti-paideia declamations may re- flect the growing persecution complex, later fully expressed by Zosimus, that many of his contemporary pagans may have felt in his own time. keywords: accusations; audience; characters; decl; declamations; greek; intellectual; jeremy; libanius; mage; magic; pagan; paideia; rhetoric; russell; socrates; son; sophistry; sophists; sorcery; speaker; studies; swist; καὶ cache: grbs-15859.pdf plain text: grbs-15859.txt item: #543 of 1726 id: grbs-15871 author: Paradiso, Annalisa title: Crossing the Halys and its Dangers. Nicolaus of Damascus and the Croesus Oracle date: 2017 words: 7268 flesch: 65 summary: The very probable identifica- tion of Xanthus as the source of Ephorus for the hexameter oracle also seems to confirm, even if indirectly, the derivation of Thomas’ oracle from Nicolaus himself: Xanthus of Lydia was in fact the most important source of Nicolaus of Damascus for Lydian history and even the only one.31 The addition of a missing, Nicolaean, oracle to the abridged Nicolaus It must be pointed out that the Turonensis scholion quotes an oracle which is not simply extrapolated from a foreign, and totally different, narrative but is presupposed precisely by Nicolaus F 68.13, where Croesus’ wish to question Apollo about his deceptive oracle is related, along with the bitter pro- posal of sending his fetters to the god as a sarcastic offering. In a transcriptional mistake, the god who rescued Croesus by pouring water became Zeus in place of Apollo, and that lapsus would be better explained if the content of Nicolaus F 68 (where Zeus is also mentioned) had been taken into account by the Nicolaean compilation.34 Hence, I think one cannot ex- clude the alternative hypothesis of a common source for the two marginal notes, that of the Turonensis and that of Thomas, and that source could be identified with a compilation of Nicolaus of Damascus. keywords: byzantine; croesus; excerpta; hand; herodotus; nicolaus; oracle; scholia; scholion; studies; thomas; turonensis; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; ὅρα cache: grbs-15871.pdf plain text: grbs-15871.txt item: #544 of 1726 id: grbs-15873 author: Driediger-Murphy, Lindsay G. title: God(s) Contrary to Nature: A Theological Debate between Pagans and Christians date: 2017 words: 10501 flesch: 61 summary: The ideal of living “in ac- cordance with nature” (τὸ ζῆν κατὰ φύσιν) is especially familiar to us from Stoicism,47 but by the time of Aemilianus phusis was 44 Clarke, CAH XII 640. He shows an interest in orthopraxy, assuring Dionysius that he can continue to worship his own Christian god so long as he will consent to worship pagan gods as well.36 Aemilianus also seems to see ritual action as what is required to manifest or actualize the demanded recognition of the pagan gods: he asks Dionysius to make an offering ___ (Athens 1996) 124–125; A. J. S. Spawforth, “Roman Corinth: The Forma- tion of a Colonial Elite,” in Roman Onomastics 180. keywords: aemilianus; christian; dei; des; dionysius; driediger; gods; greek; kata; lindsay; murphy; nature; pagan; para; persecution; phusin; record; roman; studies; trial; valerian cache: grbs-15873.pdf plain text: grbs-15873.txt item: #545 of 1726 id: grbs-15877 author: Faraone, Christopher A. title: Some Magical Gems in London date: 2017 words: 5667 flesch: 81 summary: Figure 3 4) Petrie Museum UC8823 (= ODU no. 341 = Amulets no. 135q): black steatite. Petrie Museum UC34708 (= ODU no. 5): steatite, from Koptos ( fig. keywords: figure; greek; measurements; museum; obverse; oval; petrie; reverse; roman; shape; studies cache: grbs-15877.pdf plain text: grbs-15877.txt item: #546 of 1726 id: grbs-15885 author: Hartman, Joshua title: Invective Oratory and Julian’s Misopogon date: 2017 words: 9599 flesch: 57 summary: 1034 INVECTIVE ORATORY AND JULIAN’S MISOPOGON ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 1032–1057 Quiroga, both of whom demonstrate Julian’s keen under- standing of rhetorical theory and the strategies for praise and blame.6 Beyond questions of composition, the motivation be- hind such an unusual and polyvalent work also demands analysis. Maud Gleason interpreted the Misopogon as a “festive satire,” a product of the New Year’s festival at Antioch, albeit with the serious aim of chastising the Antiochenes.7 Gleason’s influential approach has recently been re-examined by Lieve Van Hoof and Peter Van Nuffelen, who see the piece as Julian’s “word of goodbye to Antioch” and interpret it not as evidence of a good-natured exchange, but as Julian’s attempt to have the last word. keywords: aeschines; antioch; antiochenes; city; community; demosthenes; emperor; greek; hartman; invective; joshua; julian; law; libanius; misopogon; oratory; studies; use; van; work; µισόπολις; καὶ; τεχνίτης; τοῦ; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-15885.pdf plain text: grbs-15885.txt item: #547 of 1726 id: grbs-15887 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Nomos ep’ andri in Fourth-Century Athens: On the Law Quoted at Andocides 1.87 date: 2017 words: 5045 flesch: 65 summary: Among the fourth-century psephismata preserved on stone there are three examples of honorary decrees for individuals passed by the Assembly but afterwards submitted to the nomothetai who had to approve the money required to pay for the honours. It fills the lacuna to perfection, but the attested idiom in other decrees is ἕκαστον αὐτῶν (IG II3 416.21) or ἑκάτερον αὐτῶν (304.7) . keywords: canevaro; century; decrees; demos; document; hansen; law; nomos; nomothetai cache: grbs-15887.pdf plain text: grbs-15887.txt item: #548 of 1726 id: grbs-15889 author: Prodi, Enrico Emanuele title: Text as Paratext: Pindar, Sappho, and Alexandrian Editions date: 2017 words: 13454 flesch: 64 summary: Pindar: other fragments The Pindaric corpus offers a third, even more tentative example of how to do things with opening poems. After all, Hellenistic and Roman readers were used to seeing poetry books of their own time begin with such introductory poems, just as they were used to seeing longer poems begin with a proem fulfilling a similar function.13 It may have come naturally to expect pro- oemial overtones in the first poem in a book, and therefore to read them into it regardless of the poem’s original purpose. keywords: aphrodite; apollo; beginning; book; corpus; editor; emanuele; enrico; fr.1; games; greek; hymn; muses; olympian; opening; order; paratext; pindar; poem; poetry; position; praise; prodi; sappho; song; studies; text; victory; zeus cache: grbs-15889.pdf plain text: grbs-15889.txt item: #549 of 1726 id: grbs-15891 author: Bolonyai, Gábor title: Benedictus and his Greek-Latin Dictionary: Escorial Σ I.12 date: 2017 words: 15111 flesch: 60 summary: Benedetto Bursa is an almost completely unknown figure, whose name appears in none of the current handbooks and histories of literature. For his activity, Monfasani can refer only to a passage in Borsetti’s history of the University of Ferrara published in 1735.20 As appears from the Annals of the Stu- dium of Ferrara quoted by Borsetti, Benedetto Bursa obtained a position in Ferrara and gave lectures on various Latin authors some time before 1442. keywords: 792–836; benedetto; benedictus; bolonyai; bursa; copy; cristoforo; cyril; dictionary; entries; escorial; evidence; exemplar; george; greek; gábor; i.12; janus; latin; letters; manuscript; monfasani; notes; page; pannonius; persona; pseudo; sagundino; scribe; second; studies; suppl.gr; text; translation; vienna; words; önb cache: grbs-15891.pdf plain text: grbs-15891.txt item: #550 of 1726 id: grbs-15893 author: Sénina, Tatiana A. title: Anth.Gr. 15.12 de Léon le Philosophe comme source autobiographique date: 2017 words: 2725 flesch: 72 summary: 14 E. van Opstall fait un examen philologique très détaillé de l’épigramme mais ne trace aucun parallèle avec la biographie de Léon. Il y a une traduction russe des œuvres de Léon : Lev Matematik i Filosof, Sochineniia, trad. keywords: cette; dans; des; est; greek; les; léon; par; pas; philosophe; que; qui; une cache: grbs-15893.pdf plain text: grbs-15893.txt item: #551 of 1726 id: grbs-15897 author: Xian, Ruobing title: An Etymological Note on Homeric ὑπόδρα date: 2017 words: 2705 flesch: 63 summary: It will be argued that comparison of Homeric ὑπόδρα ἰδών and Vedic upadraṣṭár- sheds new light on the prehistory of both items whereby the issues raised above simply disappear. In addition, Cairns points out that Homeric ὑπόδρα ἰδών “presupposes a claim to super- iority only in the sense that it takes upon itself the right to rebuke, to criticize, or to protest. keywords: formula; greek; homeric; root; und; upa; vedic; ἰδών; ὑπόδρα cache: grbs-15897.pdf plain text: grbs-15897.txt item: #552 of 1726 id: grbs-15899 author: MacDougall, Byron David title: John of Sardis’ Commentary on Aphthonius’ Progymnasmata: Logic in Ninth-Century Byzantium date: 2017 words: 9336 flesch: 56 summary: For critique of Rabe’s method in hypothesizing a single lost source for John see Alpers, Untersuchungen 46–49. COMMENTARY ON APHTHONIUS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 721–744 even if we cannot assume that Prior Analytics 1–7 was systemati- cally taught before the progymnasmata, nevertheless a teacher using John’s commentary would have had to unravel what John meant by the phrase “woven in the second figure.” keywords: 721–744; alpers; aphthonius; aristotle; byzantine; century; commentary; david; example; figure; greek; john; logic; philosophy; progymnasmata; prolegomena; rabe; rhetoric; sardis; second; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-15899.pdf plain text: grbs-15899.txt item: #553 of 1726 id: grbs-15903 author: Krulak, Todd title: Philosophy, Ἱερατική, and the Damascian Dichotomy: Pursuing the Bacchic Ideal in the Sixth-Century Academy date: 2017 words: 10545 flesch: 56 summary: Plotinus is listed by Damascius as one of those for whom philosophy was most important, but recent studies have highlighted the ritualistic nature of Plotinian contemplation and the similarities between it and mystical/‘magical’ practices of the period.15 Further, it is to be noted that Porphyry was said to have admitted the value of theurgic techniques for the purification of the “spiritual” soul (anima spiritalis), which interfaces with the material realm.16 Al- though he prized hieratic rites, Proclus was no less enthusiastic about philosophy. In light of what the Life of Isidore says of ἱερατική’s preeminence in the pericosmic realm, philosophical methods of purification were confirmed by comparing them to hieratic practices and interpretations.38 As will be seen, by accenting this relationship, Damascius did not subordinate philosophy to ritual, but in- stead established the value of hieratic catharsis and affirmed ___ 254]. keywords: academy; athanassiadi; damascius; dichotomy; hieratic; isidore; life; philosophical; philosophy; plato; proclus; rites; ritual; soul; studies; theurgic; theurgy; v.isid; virtues; καὶ; ἱερατική cache: grbs-15903.pdf plain text: grbs-15903.txt item: #554 of 1726 id: grbs-15905 author: Nigdelis, Pantelis; Anagnostoudis, Pavlos title: New Honorific Inscriptions from Amphipolis date: 2017 words: 9778 flesch: 64 summary: 310 NEW HONORIFIC INSCRIPTIONS FROM AMPHIPOLIS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 295–324 εὐεργέτης) were used in combination in Greek inscriptions to honor important Roman generals of the Republican period, such as Sulla and Caesar.37 6–9: Of the names of the politarchs in the year in which the statue was erected only three can be filled in with certainty. FROM AMPHIPOLIS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 295–324 count of his particular ties to the city (see below), funded the restoration or construction of one or several buildings there, as he did in other Greek cities where he is honored with the title, and sometimes in combination with the title σωτήρ.69 Indeed it has recently been argued that there was an Augustan building program in Amphipolis related to the gymnasium and the sanctuary of the Egyptian gods.70 keywords: amphipolis; anagnostoudis; augustus; b.c; cities; city; crassus; figure; greek; inscription; left; letters; macedonia; nigdelis; pantelis; pavlos; politarchs; right; scipio; statue; studies; thessalonike; title; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-15905.pdf plain text: grbs-15905.txt item: #555 of 1726 id: grbs-15909 author: Lefteratou, Anna title: From Haimorrhooussa to Veronica? The Weaving Imagery in the Homeric Centos date: 2017 words: 14195 flesch: 66 summary: For Greek women see Pantelia, AJP 114 (1993) Her cloak will become a shroud for her dead beloved and the hot bath turns into ritual cleansing at the end of the poem.2 As early as Homer, women, mortal and god- 1 W. Christ and M. Paranikas, Anthologia Graeca Carminorum Christianorum (Leipzig 1871) 104. 2 Hom. keywords: andromache; anna; antiquity; blood; cento; century; christian; cloth; epic; eudocia; female; greek; haimorrhoousa; hector; helen; homer; homeric; image; jesus; lefteratou; legend; lines; passage; studies; touch; veronica; weaving; woman; καὶ cache: grbs-15909.pdf plain text: grbs-15909.txt item: #556 of 1726 id: grbs-1591 author: Dilley, Paul C. title: The Invention of Christian Tradition: “Apocrypha,” Imperial Policy, and Anti-Jewish Propaganda date: 2010 words: 11106 flesch: 49 summary: The subsequent description of the conversion of Theodorus and several other Jews attributes it to an inevitable, divine power working for their benefit; Severus thus obfuscates force- ful intimidation by employing a rhetoric of the miraculous. This pamphlet is an apology for synagogue attacks and Jewish conversion, heavily based on a rhetoric of the miraculous, and carefully suggesting that the violent actions fell within the legal boundaries of the Christian Roman Em- pire, which however upheld the necessity of “voluntary” con- version despite increasing restrictions on Jews. keywords: acts; bishop; byzantine; christian; conversion; greek; gregory; imperial; invention; jerusalem; jews; joseph; paul; pilate; roman; severus; story; studies; synagogue; text; tradition cache: grbs-1591.pdf plain text: grbs-1591.txt item: #557 of 1726 id: grbs-15917 author: Romney, Jessica M. title: Herodotean Geography (4.36-45): A Persian Oikoumenē? date: 2017 words: 7284 flesch: 55 summary: [Winona Lake 1998] 20–42 and pl. 2–3, 6–7), and the Ionian tradition of world maps (see Strab. Jessica M. Romney N BOOK 4 of the Histories, Herodotus pauses his discussion of the Scythian steppe and turns to the question of the world: what does it look like? keywords: asia; empire; europe; geography; greece; greek; herodotus; map; maps; mediterranean; oikoumenē; persian; space; studies; world cache: grbs-15917.pdf plain text: grbs-15917.txt item: #558 of 1726 id: grbs-15923 author: Lightfoot, Jessica title: Hipparchus’ Didactic Journey: Poetry, Prose, and Catalogue Form in the Commentary on Aratus and Eudoxus date: 2017 words: 12252 flesch: 50 summary: Unlike a modern lem- matized commentary, Hipparchus’ work takes the form of a continuous prose treatise, which allows him to guide the reader expertly through the astronomical terrain of the past and towards his own astronomical discoveries.13 In Book 1 of the Commentary Hipparchus focusses extensively on pointing out the mistakes of his astronomical predecessors in verse and prose, Aratus and Eudoxus. However, the dense scholarly tradition which quickly ac- crued around Aratus’ poem complicates Hipparchus’ attempts to stake his own claim as the most accurate and truthful astronomical authority available to the contemporary reader. keywords: 935–967; aratus; attalus; authority; catalogue; commentary; constellations; didactic; eudoxus; greek; hipparchus; journey; lightfoot; phaenomena; poem; prose; reader; studies; text; use; way; work; καὶ; τοῦ; τῶν cache: grbs-15923.pdf plain text: grbs-15923.txt item: #559 of 1726 id: grbs-15925 author: Marciniak, Przemysław title: A Pious Mouse and a Deadly Cat: The Schede tou Myos, attributed to Theodore Prodromos date: 2017 words: 7755 flesch: 68 summary: Perhaps this is yet another proof of Prodromic authorship—the imagery of mice in the Katomyomachia differs from that in the Batrachomyomachia or Aesopic fables in that Prodromic mice look much more like human beings; see L. R. Cresci, “Parodia e metafora nella Cato- miomachia di Teodoro Prodromo,” Eikasmos 12 (2001) 197–204. Marcin ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 507–527 2017 keywords: 507–527; byzantine; cat; century; der; greek; instance; marciniak; mice; mouse; myos; prodromos; przemysław; psalm; schede; schedos; school; studies; text; tou; words; work; καὶ cache: grbs-15925.pdf plain text: grbs-15925.txt item: #560 of 1726 id: grbs-15927 author: Villagra, Nereida title: Plato on the Thessalian Trick: A New Interpretation of Gorgias 513A date: 2017 words: 5096 flesch: 69 summary: On Thessalian women as witches see O. Phillips, “The Witches’ Thessaly,” in P. Mirecki and M. Meyer (eds.), Magic and Ritual in the Ancient World (Leiden 2001) 378–386. “You pull down the moon against yourself ”: It is said that when Thessalian women pull down the moon, they are progressively deprived of their eyes and their children. keywords: callicles; city; gorgias; medea; moon; plato; power; socrates; studies; text; thessalian; trick; women; καὶ; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-15927.pdf plain text: grbs-15927.txt item: #561 of 1726 id: grbs-15931 author: Herrero de Jáuregui, Miguel title: Line Transposition in Euripides Alcestis 1094-1096 date: 2017 words: 3586 flesch: 64 summary: A possible saut du meme au meme be- tween lines 1092 and 1097 would explain the omission of lines 1093–1097. Unsurprisingly, none of these suggestions have been suc- cessful among most editors.6 A third possibility is altering the order of the lines, supposing an instance of line transposition, “an extremely frequent error 4 S. Schein, “Φιλία in Euripides’ Alcestis,” Mètis 3 (1988) 201 n.69; G. R. Stanton, “Φιλία and ξενία in Euripides’ Alkestis,” Hermes 118 (1990) 44 n.8. keywords: admetus; alcestis; euripides; greek; heracles; lines; transposition cache: grbs-15931.pdf plain text: grbs-15931.txt item: #562 of 1726 id: grbs-15935 author: Kotansky, Roy D. title: The Magic ‘Crucifixion’ Gem in the British Museum date: 2017 words: 10882 flesch: 62 summary: The publication pro- vides numerous examples, with illustrations, of magic gems and lamellae containing various permutations of the divine Tetra- grammaton using archaic Hebrew letter-forms, which in Greek assume various shapes, such as a barred Z, representing an archaic yodh, or a sequence, on gems, of a reversed EXE (ƎXƎ), 10 See Felicity Harley in Spier, Picturing the Bible 229, no. 56 (for both items), with photographs, discussion, and further references. Such names of power are common on magic gems and other incantatory media (papyri, curse-tablets, and metal phylacteries). keywords: 631–659; christian; cross; crucifixion; derchain; father; gem; gemstone; greek; hanging; jesus; kotansky; magic; names; new; obverse; reverse; roman; roy; son; studies; vowels cache: grbs-15935.pdf plain text: grbs-15935.txt item: #563 of 1726 id: grbs-15936 author: Niccolai, Lea title: Julian, Plutarch, and the Dangers of Self-Praise date: 2017 words: 10023 flesch: 51 summary: It is with this in mind that Julian, addressing the empress Eusebia in a pan- egyric composed at the time of his Caesarship, explicitly tackles the issue by promising praise that is both spontaneous and sin- cere (Eus. 3. Self-praise interwoven with praise of the audience is already to be seen as a component of Panegyric II in honour of Constantius, a work composed at the time of Julian’s Caesar- ship where the praise of the ideal monarch has been regarded as overlapping, in many ways, with Julian’s imperial ideals.29 keywords: b.-c; constantius; dangers; gods; greek; item; julian; letter; marcus; misopogon; nilus; plutarch; praise; self; studies; work cache: grbs-15936.pdf plain text: grbs-15936.txt item: #564 of 1726 id: grbs-15939 author: Lech, Marcel Lysgaard title: Aristophanes Knights 600: Spartan or Athenian Drinking Cup? date: 2017 words: 2981 flesch: 69 summary: On this occasion, they bought some sort of drinking cups before sailing away to Corinth (600). Neil proposes that οἱ δὲ answers a suppressed οἱ µὲν,25 but there is no reason for this, and I hold that what we have here is a strong adversative (as in Clouds 396)26 between the cav- alrymen (as a group), who buy symposiac cups, and the ones (some of the cavalrymen or someone else, e.g. the rowers) who buy provisions. keywords: aristophanes; cavalry; chorus; cup; drinking; greek; knights; lech; passage; κώθων cache: grbs-15939.pdf plain text: grbs-15939.txt item: #565 of 1726 id: grbs-15940 author: Maiorov, Alexander V. title: The Emperor Manuel’s Cross in Notre Dame: On its Origin and Path date: 2017 words: 7413 flesch: 65 summary: It is surrounded by sixteen tiny reliquaries with mica windows where other relics are contained. It is often mentioned in their wills first among other relics. keywords: byzantine; century; cross; emperor; emperor manuel; greek; holy; holy cross; maiorov; manuel; moscow; relics; reliquary; roman; rus; russian; studies cache: grbs-15940.pdf plain text: grbs-15940.txt item: #566 of 1726 id: grbs-15941 author: Woods, David title: The Proclamation of Peace on the Coinage of Carthage under Constans II date: 2017 words: 8900 flesch: 58 summary: However, the reign of Heraclius (610–641) witnessed a return to the conventions established by Tiberius, so that some form of large cross was depicted as the main device once more on all the gold coins struck throughout the empire, the only exception to this re- newed emphasis on the cross being on some of the minor silver types of the provinces. It was probably a reaction to the con- tinued hostility of the Muslim caliphs towards the cross as best exemplified by the decision of ῾Abd al-Malik (685–705) to strike the so-called standing caliph dinar with deformed cross on steps on the reverse during the period AH 74–77 (693–697) in direct imitation of the traditional type of Byzantine solidus, followed by his striking of the purely epigraphic dinar from AH 77 onwards which did not show any cross at all, even de- formed.30 keywords: carthage; constans; cross; greek; legend; mib; pax; peace; reverse; siliqua; solidi; studies; type cache: grbs-15941.pdf plain text: grbs-15941.txt item: #567 of 1726 id: grbs-15944 author: Stewart, Edmund James title: Ezekiel’s Exagoge: A Typical Hellenistic Tragedy? date: 2018 words: 11274 flesch: 67 summary: The max- imum of 102 lines of extant dialogue between God and Moses (90–192) is still comfortably shorter than the longest period in which an actor is left alone on the stage in fifth century tragedy: 130 lines in Helen. This pattern is also found in earlier tragedy: Orestes concludes the prologue of Aeschylus’ Libation Bearers by announcing the arrival of his sister and her companions (10–18). keywords: century; change; chorus; drama; edmund; euripides; exagoge; ezekiel; greek; jacobson; james; lines; messenger; moses; orchestra; period; play; raguel; scene; stage; stewart; studies; theatre; tragedy cache: grbs-15944.pdf plain text: grbs-15944.txt item: #568 of 1726 id: grbs-15946 author: Tibiletti, Antonio title: Reading Herodotus Histories 7.185 date: 2017 words: 1976 flesch: 68 summary: καὶ Μάγνητες καὶ Ἀχαιοὶ καὶ ὅσοι τῆς †Θρηίκης† τὴν παραλίην νέµονται, τούτων τῶν ἐθνέων τριήκοντα µυριάδας δοκέω γενέσθαι. Thus, the Herodotean passage—which recalls the more restricted version of τοὺς περὶ Θεσσαλίην οἰκηµένους in 9.31.5—ought to be read as follows: καὶ ὅσοι {τῆς Θρηίκης} τὴν παραλίην νέµονται. keywords: greek; herodotus; macedonia; studies; thessalians; thessaly; καὶ; ὅσοι cache: grbs-15946.pdf plain text: grbs-15946.txt item: #569 of 1726 id: grbs-15947 author: Schironi, Francesca title: Tautologies and Transpositions: Aristarchus’ Less-Known Critical Signs date: 2017 words: 9169 flesch: 70 summary: That this might be the original note seems to be suggested also by the second set of critical signs listed in the Anecdotum Romanum, which does not speak of antisigma alone but has only this note (55.41–44 Montanari): τῷ δὲ ἀντίσιγµα καὶ τῇ στιγµῇ ὅταν δύo ὦσι διάνοιαι τὸ αὐτὸ σηµαίνουσαι, τοῦ ποιητοῦ γεγραφότος ἀµφοτέρας, ὅπως τὴν ἑτέραν ἕληται. He also introduced the so-called diple periestigmene, the ‘dotted diple’ (>:), to mark passages where he argued against his predecessor Zenodotus and perhaps against his Pergamene contemporary Crates of Mallos.10 These were the most common signs used by Aristarchus, and their description in the compendia match their use in the Venetus A and in the Aristarchean scholia transmitted by Aristo- nicus.11 The compendia and the scholia mention other signs as well, but their function is not clear. keywords: 607–630; antisigma; aristarchean; aristarchus; diple; greek; lines; schironi; scholia; signs; stigmai; stigme; studies; tautologies; transpositions; venetus; καὶ cache: grbs-15947.pdf plain text: grbs-15947.txt item: #570 of 1726 id: grbs-15950 author: Fries, Almut title: For Use in Schools: Prosodical Marks in Two Pre-Palaeologan Manuscripts of Pindar date: 2017 words: 9359 flesch: 67 summary: ALMUT FRIES 757 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 745–770 in G: e.g. Ol. 6.91 σκυτά ̄λα, 13.105 γενέθλῑος. ALMUT FRIES 761 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 745–770 lengthened Ἰ ̄αµιδᾶν at 6.71 (757 above) and in Ol. keywords: annotation; century; fries; greek; irigoin; manuscripts; marks; pindar; position; quantity; schools; short; studies; text; use; καὶ cache: grbs-15950.pdf plain text: grbs-15950.txt item: #571 of 1726 id: grbs-15955 author: Lin, Lijuan title: Galen on to kalon and to agathon in De Moribus date: 2018 words: 9915 flesch: 57 summary: In this regard I agree with Gill and Singer that Galen does not deny the role of rational soul in the formation of character, and his emphasis on the non- rational character of ēthos is to be explained only by his endeavor to reject the intellectual doctrine of the Stoics: 77–101 (an-nafs al-ġaḍabīya), and the rational soul (an-nafs an-nāṭiqa) (26.9–12).6 Plato’s tripartition of soul, especially his acknowl- edgement of the existence of the two non-rational souls, pro- vides support for Galen’s theory of ēthos, insofar as for Galen, ēthos should essentially be a non-rational condition of the soul.7 keywords: agathon; character; galen; goal; good; greek; kalon; moribus; plato; soul; studies; terms; things cache: grbs-15955.pdf plain text: grbs-15955.txt item: #572 of 1726 id: grbs-15959 author: Yu, Kenneth W. title: The Divination Contest of Calchas and Mopsus and Aristophanes’ Knights date: 2017 words: 8824 flesch: 58 summary: Cf. H. Bowden, “Oracles for Sale,” in P. Derow and R. Parker (eds.), Herodotus and his World: Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest (Oxford 2003) 256–274, on the popularity of oracles in the late Classical. Oracles and politics: some historical considerations Before comparing Knights to the Contest of Calchas and Mopsus, I review the historical circumstances of the comedy and Aristophanes’ strategy of appealing to the motif of oracles to link Cleon to dubious Athenian political figures. keywords: 910–934; aristophanes; calchas; cambridge; comedy; contest; divination; divination contest; greek; kenneth; knights; mopsus; myth; oracles; oxford; paphlagon; play; sausage; seller; strabo; studies cache: grbs-15959.pdf plain text: grbs-15959.txt item: #573 of 1726 id: grbs-15960 author: Álvarez Martí-Aguilar, Manuel title: Talismans against Tsunamis: Apollonius of Tyana and the stelai of the Herakleion in Gades (VA 5.5) date: 2017 words: 9279 flesch: 56 summary: Évolution de son mythe,” BZ 63 (1970) 247–277; W. Speyer, “Zum Bild des Apollonius von Tyana bei Heiden und Christen,” JAC 17 (1974) 47–63; C. P. Jones, “An Epigram on Apollonius of Tyana,” JHS 100 (1980) 190–194; C. Burnett, “Apollonius of Tyana,” in H. Lagerlund (ed.), Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy (Dordrecht 2011) In contrast, Isidore of Pelusium, at the start of the fifth century, offers a vindication of both Philostratus and Apollonius himself, in which he denies that Apollonius created talismans, but from whom it may be inferred that traditions existed that made such claims:19 16 Summarised well by Jones, in Greek Literature 53–56; see also Dzielska, Apollonius 99–127. keywords: 968–993; aguilar; ancient; apollonius; byzantine; earth; elements; gades; greek; magic; martí; philostratus; roman; sanctuary; sea; stelai; studies; talismans; tradition; transl; tsunamis; tyana; world cache: grbs-15960.pdf plain text: grbs-15960.txt item: #574 of 1726 id: grbs-15962 author: Bryen, Ari Z. title: Dionysia’s Complaint: Finding Emotions in the Courtroom date: 2017 words: 8325 flesch: 55 summary: The social history of emotion has been more extensively explored in later historical periods: e.g., Daniel Lord Smail, The Consumption of Justice: Emotions, Publicity, and Legal Culture in Marseille, 1264–1423 (Ithaca 2003); Barbara H. Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages (Ithaca 2006); William M. Reddy, The Navigation of Feeling: A Framework for the History of Emotions (Cambridge 2001). Much of the current discussion seems bogged down in an argument over the respective contributions of biology/psychology (which posit emotions as relatively universal) or anthropology (which posits emotions as socially constructed): for this debate see Jan Plamper, The History of Emotions: An Introduction (Oxford 2015 keywords: 1010–1031; ari; bryen; case; chairemon; claims; complaint; dionysia; emotions; greek; language; petition; roman; silence; studies; truth cache: grbs-15962.pdf plain text: grbs-15962.txt item: #575 of 1726 id: grbs-15963 author: Wright, Tim title: Telemachus’ Recognition of Odysseus date: 2018 words: 6869 flesch: 65 summary: On descriptions of Odysseus the trickster see Pucci, Odysseus Polutropos 56–62. Ah, would that flashing-eyed Athena might choose to love you even as then she cared for glorious Odysseus in the land of the Trojans, where we Achaeans suffered woes. keywords: 1–18; athena; audience; disguise; greek; helen; homer; ithaca; journey; odysseus; odyssey; recognition; return; studies; telemachus cache: grbs-15963.pdf plain text: grbs-15963.txt item: #576 of 1726 id: grbs-15972 author: Foley, Adam title: A New Interlinear Translation of the Iliad date: 2018 words: 10255 flesch: 69 summary: Third, the gloss “equos armantes” bears re- semblance to the reading ἵππους ὁπλίζοντες found in Hesychius’ glossary, which raises the question of the sources that the student had at his disposal.10 Before discussing the nature of this trans- lation and its relation to other translations of Homer from the early fifteenth century, a word on the second, more polished phase of translation is in order. Possible correspondences with other translations of Homer keywords: 443–472; adam; autem; barley; bodleian; book; decembrio; est; exercise; foley; glosses; greek; homer; iliad; latin; line; manuscript; naples; phase; pilatus; sacrifice; scholia; second; student; studies; super; text; translation; vel; verbum; word; καὶ; πληθύντων; τοῦ; τὸν; τῶν; ὀνοµαστικὴ cache: grbs-15972.pdf plain text: grbs-15972.txt item: #577 of 1726 id: grbs-15973 author: Nilsson, Ingela; Zagklas, Nikos J title: ‘Hurry up, reap every flower of the logoi!’ The Use of Greek Novels in Byzantium date: 2017 words: 10545 flesch: 63 summary: καὶ ὅπου καὶ ὑπάρχον καὶ ζητεῖ ‖ χωρίων] τινῶν ‖ δεδυκώς] ὁ ἄνθρωπος 21 εἴκω] καὶ ὑποχωρὼ 21–22 δὲ ὀρχούµενον] τὸν ἄνθρωπον 22 ἐπ’ εἴδει] τῇ θεωρίᾳ ‖ αὐτὸν πύων] In the second section we discuss a series of epigrams on Greek novels (both ancient and Komnenian), which to a certain extent have been ignored in previous scholarship. keywords: agapitos; byzantine; byzantium; century; clitophon; epigram; eugenianos; greek; heliodorus; ingela; komnenian; leucippe; nikos; nilsson; novels; prodromos; reading; roman; studies; tatius; text; use; zagklas; διὰ; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-15973.pdf plain text: grbs-15973.txt item: #578 of 1726 id: grbs-15975 author: Scardino, Carlo title: Editing the Geoponica: The Arabic Evidence and its Importance date: 2018 words: 8570 flesch: 68 summary: Support for identification of the jurist/politician with the agriculturalist can be found e.g. in R. H. Rodgers, “Hail, Frost, and Pests in the Vineyard, Anatolios of Berytus as a Source for the Nabatean Agriculture,” CARLO SCARDINO 105 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 102–125 fragments, Anatolius’ Greek text has not survived.15 Oriental translations exist in a badly preserved Syriac manuscript,16 a summarized Armenian version probably translated from Arabic in the eleventh century,17 and an almost complete Arabic man- uscript (Mašhad Riḍā’ 5762) from the fourteenth century.18 There is a further, condensed Arabic version named Sbath after the owner of the manuscript.19 A short manuscript from Madrid (Gayangos XXX) is closely related to MS. Sbath, but in worse con- dition.20 Proof of the popularity of Anatolius’ work comes from JAOS 100 (1980) 1–11. 8 regarding Arabic translations of philosophical and scientific texts: “the Arabic translations constitute the most neglected evidence in the establishment of the Greek text for those works for which such translations exist, for patently no modern edition of such a Greek text, some very few recent exceptions apart, has used to any appreciable degree, if at all, the evidence in an extant Arabic translation. keywords: anatolius; arabic; bassus; beckh; byzantine; carlo; cassianus; century; den; der; des; edition; filāḥa; geoponica; greek; les; roman; scardino; studies; syriac; text; tradition; translations; und; version; work; καὶ cache: grbs-15975.pdf plain text: grbs-15975.txt item: #579 of 1726 id: grbs-15976 author: Tibiletti, Antonio title: Luigi Castiglioni πλουταρχίζων and the Text of Plutarch’s Aquane an ignis utilior date: 2017 words: 5417 flesch: 67 summary: Antonio Tibiletti Luigi Castiglioni πλουταρχίζων and the Text of Plutarch’s Aquane an ignis utilior Antonio He studied Plutarch’s works from the earliest years of his academic career, commenting on hundreds of passages; as a result, he wrote essays, taught classes, and published reviews of the volumes of the new Teubner edition which came out be- 1 Luigi Castiglioni (Azzate, 28 Sept. 1882 – Milan, 23 Feb. 1965) was professor of Latin literature and classical philology at the University of Milan (1926–1952). keywords: antonio; castiglioni; esse; est; greek; luigi; moralia; non; plutarch; pohlenz; quae; quod; sed; studies; tibiletti; waters; wegehaupt; µάλιστα; ζῆν; καὶ; οὕτω; τῶν; ἄνευ; ὅτι cache: grbs-15976.pdf plain text: grbs-15976.txt item: #580 of 1726 id: grbs-15977 author: Bruzzone, Rachel title: Polemos, Pathemata, and Plague: Thucydides’ Narrative and the Tradition of Upheaval date: 2017 words: 10914 flesch: 52 summary: The conjunction of plague and expenses works well with Kallet’s argument for the affinities between plague, war, and financial stress in Thucydides’ work (L. Kallet, Money and the Corrosion of Power in Thucydides [Berkeley 2001] 904 POLEMOS, PATHEMATA, AND PLAGUE ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 57 (2017) 882–909 Such is the affinity between the plague and the war that the disease even behaves like a war, as has been argued primarily by Kallet. The historian’s relationship with ___ argues that Thucydides’ rationalizing perspective on some level recognizes the causal biological relationship between famine and plague, whereas both earlier and subsequent religious perspectives view them as a result of divine anger. keywords: bruzzone; divine; events; greek; hesiod; historian; history; jouanna; loimos; passage; pathemata; pattern; peloponnesian; plague; polemos; studies; thucydides; tradition; villa; war; work; καὶ cache: grbs-15977.pdf plain text: grbs-15977.txt item: #581 of 1726 id: grbs-15978 author: Hyland, John O. title: Τhe Revolt of Kaunos and the Assassination of Zopyros date: 2018 words: 8533 flesch: 51 summary: The specific circumstances are beyond our reach, but it is understandable that the Persians, if claiming to offer Kaunos protection from Athens, would have interpreted any local opposition as inherently treacherous. The alternative context would be Perikles’ voyage towards Kaunos to deter the approach of a Persian fleet during the siege of Samos in 440 (Thuc. 1.116.3); see Joseph Wells, “The Persian Friends of Herodotus,” JHS 27 (1907) 43; Truesdell S. Brown, “Megabyzus Son of Zopyros,” Ancient World 15 (1978) 73; Simon Hornblower, Mausolus (Oxford 1982) 28 n.176; Christian Marek, Die Inschriften von Kaunos (Munich 2006) 93. keywords: achaemenid; alkides; athenian; athens; carian; city; ctesias; empire; greek; herodotus; hyland; john; kaunian; kaunos; persian; revolt; studies; surrender; thuc; zopyros cache: grbs-15978.pdf plain text: grbs-15978.txt item: #582 of 1726 id: grbs-15985 author: Sansone, David title: Stylistic Characterization in Plato: Nicias, Alcibiades, and Laches date: 2018 words: 7694 flesch: 55 summary: Lysimachus Socrates Laches Nicias 1. Although in Thucydides Nicias does use τὸ φοβερόν (7.63.3; cf. keywords: alcibiades; greek; laches; nicias; plato; socrates; speeches; studies; style; symposium; thucydides; tompkins; use; καί; καὶ cache: grbs-15985.pdf plain text: grbs-15985.txt item: #583 of 1726 id: grbs-16000 author: Xenis, Georgios A. title: An Emendation in Philochorus FGrHist 328 F 194 date: 2018 words: 1995 flesch: 71 summary: With regard to the mechanism of corruption, it is entirely plausible that the rare passive construction πρώτην … ὕλην … ταύτην κεχρῆσθαι was trivialised to the common active construction πρώτῃ … ὕλῃ … ταύτῃ κεχρῆσθαι.13 Jacoby’s notes on Philochorus F 12 (p.279). keywords: greek; philochorus; subject; wood; καὶ; κεχρῆσθαι cache: grbs-16000.pdf plain text: grbs-16000.txt item: #584 of 1726 id: grbs-16003 author: Xian, Ruobing title: Habrocomes’ Lament in Xenophon of Ephesus’ Ephesiaca 5.1.12–13 date: 2018 words: 4376 flesch: 60 summary: In what follows I will argue that the hero’s recognition of true love in the Aegialeus episode contains a reference to the heroine’s lamentation at 1.4.6–7, in which she gives an account of her erotic desire at the beginning of their love story: “Τί,” φησὶν, “ὢ δυστυχὴς πέπονθα; παρθένος παρ’ ἡλικίαν ἐρῶ καὶ ὀδυνῶμαι καινὰ καὶ κόρῃ μὴ πρέποντα. By comparing the lament of the hero in 1.4.4–5 and the heroine’s parallel one quoted above, Koen De Temmerman recently pointed out three main characteristics of the latter lament: (1) the heroine’s young age is potential obstacle to the social acceptance of her love for Habrocomes (παρθένος παρ’ ἡλικίαν ἐρῶ καὶ ὀδυνῶμαι καινὰ καὶ κόρῃ μὴ πρέποντα); (2) Habrocomes’ arrogance is in juxta- position with the attitude of the enamoured heroine (Ἐφ’ Ἁβρο- κόμῃ μαίνομαι καλῷ μέν, ἀλλ’ ὑπερηφάνῳ); (3) Anthia’s desire to see Habrocomes is difficult to fulfill.12 I do not doubt that the protagonists’ lamenting monologues, replete with psychological details, offer “a good example of the importance of lamentations in the characterization of the protagonists.”13 keywords: aegialeus; anthia; body; ephesiaca; greek; habrocomes; hero; lament; love; roman; story; xenophon; καὶ cache: grbs-16003.pdf plain text: grbs-16003.txt item: #585 of 1726 id: grbs-1601 author: MacCoull, L. S. B. title: Why and How Was the Aphrodito Cadaster Made? date: 2010 words: 5316 flesch: 65 summary: 625–638 crop-yielding categories (sown land, reed land, vineyard land, garden land), and giving a surface area in arouras for each.3 Itself an excerpt from an earlier and longer survey,4 it drew on data compiled by, or under the supervision of, no fewer than three predecessors.5 This indicates a considerable expenditure of effort and manpower by the imperial Byzantine government in the first quarter of the sixth century.6 Money taxes on the 101 arouras of vineyard land and the 570.5 arouras of garden land—sites of labor-intensive under- takings that prompted landowners to spend significant sums of money investing in irrigation machinery—are also not specified here. keywords: aphrodito; byzantine; cadaster; document; egypt; gascou; greek; land; roman; studies; village cache: grbs-1601.pdf plain text: grbs-1601.txt item: #586 of 1726 id: grbs-16015 author: Jones, Christopher P. title: A Letter of Antoninus Pius and an Antonine Rescript concerning Christians date: 2018 words: 3678 flesch: 69 summary: περὶ δὲ τῶν σεισμῶν τῶν γεγονότων καὶ τῶν γινομένων, οὐκ ἀπεικὸς ὑπομνῆσαι ὑμᾶς ἀθυμοῦντας ὅταν περ ὦσι, παραβάλλ- 15 οντας τὰ ὑμέτερα πρὸς τὰ ἐκείνων, ὅτι εὐπαρρησιαστότεροι ὑμῶν γίνονται πρὸς τὸν θεόν, καὶ ὑμεῖς μὲν ἀγνοεῖν δοκεῖτε παρ᾽ ἐκεῖνον τὸν χρόνον τοὺς θεοὺς καὶ τῶν ἱερῶν ἀμελεῖτε, θρησκείαν δὲ τὴν περὶ τὸν θεὸν οὐκ ἐπίστασθε· ὅθεν καὶ τοὺς θρησκεύοντας ἐξήλακατε καὶ διώκετε ἕως θανάτου. 67–76 2018 Christopher P. Jones A Letter of Antoninus Pius and an Antonine Rescript concerning Christians Christopher P. Jones N INSCRIPTION FROM EPHESOS discovered in 2013, and recently published by Hans Taeuber, bears on several debated problems of Roman and early Christian history. keywords: antoninus; christians; earthquakes; eus; greek; letter; marcus; pius; rescript; studies; time; version; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-16015.pdf plain text: grbs-16015.txt item: #587 of 1726 id: grbs-16032 author: Kholod, Maxim M. title: Achaemenid Grants of Cities and Lands to Greeks: The Case of Mentor and Memnon of Rhodes date: 2018 words: 8745 flesch: 61 summary: T 178 ACHAEMENID GRANTS OF CITIES AND LANDS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 177–197 Myrina, and Gryneium, which were also controlled by his descendants, the Gongylides, at the beginning of the fourth century.4 The refugee Themistocles was granted Lampsacus, Magnesia on the Meander, Myus, Percote, and Palaescepsis by the Persian king (Xerxes or already Artaxerxes I), and these cities had to provide him respectively with wine, bread, seasonings, and bedding and clothing.5 Among the holdings granted in Asia Minor were also those of Mentor and Memnon, Rhodian brothers, famous commanders of Greek mercenaries, who managed to enter and occupy a prominent place in the military-political elite of the Persian Em- pire in the last decades of its existence.6 This article aims to consider the holdings of Mentor and Memnon and thereby to contribute, to a certain extent, not only to a better understanding of the broader problem of granting cities and lands to individuals in the Achaemenid Empire but also to our knowledge of the life and activities of these two un- doubtedly outstanding persons. Demosthenes, describing the actions of Charidemus with his mercenary troops in Asia Minor (the late 360s) makes clear that Mentor and Memnon desired to hold Ilium, Scepsis, and Cebren in the Troad, which had been treacherously cap- tured by Charidemus, and so persuaded Artabazus to conclude a truce with the general and not prevent him from leaving those cities (23.154, 157).8 It is not known whether Artabazus satisfied that desire of his brothers-in-law; but taking into consideration their strong influence on him, this seems highly probable.9 If so, they hardly became tyrants in these cities (at least there is not even a hint of such in our sources) but most likely acquired the right to derive for themselves some portion of income from the communities. keywords: achaemenid; alexander; asia; chora; cities; greek; holdings; lands; memnon; mentor; minor; persian; studies cache: grbs-16032.pdf plain text: grbs-16032.txt item: #588 of 1726 id: grbs-16034 author: Mari, Tommaso title: The Latin Translations of the Acts of the Council of Chalcedon date: 2018 words: 10477 flesch: 59 summary: The debate about Chalcedon and the fact that most westerners could not easily read Greek made it urgent to produce Latin translations. TOMMASO MARI 133 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 126–155 the Latin translations are at times more reliable than the extant Greek version, not least because the Greek Acts underwent further revision after they were translated into Latin (probably in the seventh century).25 In particular, if one looks at the content, the Latin Acts include materials that have been excised from the Greek Acts.26 How to translate: uerbum e uerbo or sensus de sensu? keywords: aco; acts; case; chalcedon; council; delegates; greek; greek acts; ii.3; latin; original; par; pascasinus; pope; roman; rusticus; session; statement; studies; text; translation; version; καὶ cache: grbs-16034.pdf plain text: grbs-16034.txt item: #589 of 1726 id: grbs-16035 author: Varona, Patricia title: Chronology and History in Byzantium date: 2018 words: 12739 flesch: 45 summary: He rightly described several chronological forms as non-literary texts, but this assessment had a quite negative impact on the study of Byzantine chronological writing. As these are non-literary works, Hunger excluded them from his handbook, and so did the few mono- graphs on Byzantine historiography that came after it.5 As a consequence, there are no specific studies on Byzantine chrono- logical writing after that of Gelzer—mostly outdated and focused not on Byzantine chronological writing but on reconstructing Africanus’ chronography from Byzantine evidence—although its use as a source by relevant chroniclers such as Theophanes Confessor has been often highlighted.6 Chronological writing adopts different forms provided with their own specific characteristics. keywords: africanus; burgess; byzantine; byzantium; canon; century; christian; chronicle; chronography; chronology; era; eusebius; greek; history; lists; paschal; roman; studies; syncellus; tables; time; tradition; work; world; writing; years cache: grbs-16035.pdf plain text: grbs-16035.txt item: #590 of 1726 id: grbs-16046 author: Laflı, Ergün; Bru, Hadrien title: Hair Dedication in Caria: An Inscribed Blade from Stratonikeia date: 2018 words: 2163 flesch: 66 summary: See for Panamara I.Stratonikeia 405, 412, 417, 428, 434, 444–445, 449–450, 483, 489–491, 545, 1263, 1414. Sigmas are lunate, indicating rather the end of the Hellenistic period or the beginning of Roman imperial times (c. second-first century B.C.E.), amongst other clues based on onomastics and religious context (see below). keywords: blade; caria; century; greek; hair; i.stratonikeia; panamara cache: grbs-16046.pdf plain text: grbs-16046.txt item: #591 of 1726 id: grbs-16049 author: Davies, Philip John Victor title: Plutarch, Lysander, and a Disappearing Heraclid Reform date: 2018 words: 7228 flesch: 58 summary: Cartledge, Agesilaos 96: “If we M 524 PLUTARCH AND A DISAPPEARING HERACLID REFORM ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 523–541 shows that this plan for a kingship open to all Heracleidae ap- pears at only a single point in the Life of Lysander, and stands at odds with multiple testimonies elsewhere in Plutarch’s corpus, as well as testimonies of other ancient writers. In fact, I suggest, the Heraclid version of Lysander’s reform is likely to be a fiction, a product of the rationalisation of conflicting source traditions, in- fluenced by the emphasis which Plutarch lays upon Lysander’s Heraclid descent. keywords: agesilaus; greek; heracleidae; heraclid; kingship; life; lives; lysander; plutarch; reform; sayings; source; studies; version; καὶ; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-16049.pdf plain text: grbs-16049.txt item: #592 of 1726 id: grbs-16053 author: Favuzzi, Andrea title: Three Historical Fragments in the Suda date: 2018 words: 4689 flesch: 68 summary: The motif of φθόνος is already attested in both Diodorus 11.54 (οἱ µὲν φοβηθέντες αὐτοῦ τὴν ὑπεροχήν, οἱ δὲ φθονήσαντες τῇ δόξῃ, τῶν µὲν εὐερ- γεσιῶν ἐπελάθοντο, τὴν δ́ ἰσχὺν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸ φρόνηµα ταπεινοῦν ἔσπευδον) and Nepos Them. Next, the Athenians obliged them to give up as hostages fifty young men and as many adults whom they settled on Lemnos, and then left Samos after leaving a garrison (πλεύσαντες οὖν Ἀθηναῖοι ἐς Σάµον ναυσὶ τεσσαράκοντα δηµοκρατίαν κατέστησαν, καὶ ὁµήρους ἔλαβον τῶν Σαµίων πεντήκοντα µὲν παῖδας, ἴσους δὲ ἄνδρας, καὶ κατέθεντο ἐς Λῆµνον, καὶ φρουρὰν ἐγκαταλιπόντες ἀνεχώρησαν). keywords: aelian; alcibiades; andrea; athens; favuzzi; fragments; history; hostages; lexicon; meaning; plutarch; samos; studies; suda; text; themistocles; vel; verb; µὲν; καὶ; τοὺς; τῶν cache: grbs-16053.pdf plain text: grbs-16053.txt item: #593 of 1726 id: grbs-16062 author: Sørensen, Anders Dahl title: Hippodamus of Miletus and the Character of the Athenian Dikastic Oath (Arist. Pol. 2.8) date: 2018 words: 9749 flesch: 57 summary: Whereas the first part of that discussion focuses on epieikeia in the technical sense of the ability to rectify the inevitable shortcomings of the law, towards the end of the chapter Aristotle emphasises the more traditional Greek conception of the virtue, understood in terms of indulgence and leniency.25 The epieikēs man, Aristotle explains there, is someone who does not stubbornly insist on his rights and on the applica- tion of strict legal justice. The passage is in Aristotle’s discussion of the Politeia (‘Ideal City’) of Hippodamus of Miletus in the second book of the Politics (2.8). keywords: argument; aristotle; athenian; clause; dikast; greek; hippodamus; interpretation; justice; law; oath; politics; studies; system; way cache: grbs-16062.pdf plain text: grbs-16062.txt item: #594 of 1726 id: grbs-16063 author: Woods, David title: Constantine I and a New Christian Age: A Hidden Christian Reverse Type Identified? date: 2018 words: 7854 flesch: 58 summary: “Your golden age, victorious Constantine, is now mighty in all the world,” see Michael Squire, “ ‘How to Read a Roman Portrait’? I himself, and one each in the names of his three eldest sons and Caesars, Crispus, Constantine II, and Constantius II. keywords: 366–388; age; christian; coinage; coins; constantine; golden; greek; reverse; ric; studies; type; victory; wreaths cache: grbs-16063.pdf plain text: grbs-16063.txt item: #595 of 1726 id: grbs-16065 author: Zellmann-Rohrer, Michael title: Notes on Greek Jewelry-inscriptions date: 2018 words: 2164 flesch: 63 summary: Another apposite comparandum among inscribed rings is οὐ φιλῶ σε, µὴ πλανῶ· νοῶ δὲ καὶ γελῶ (“I don’t love you, don’t fool yourself, but I’m aware [of it] and laugh”) and its variants,8 and perhaps a Latin instance, parum te amo (“I love you too little” [to register, i.e., not at all]).9 On the theory of a sympotic dis- course, the present formula could offer an answer to a plea such as εἰ φιλεῖς κολάκευε καὶ µὴ παράγων There are reasons for adding both to a series of taunting texts belonging to an amatory context, discussed below. keywords: greek; museum; ring; rohrer; seg; studies; text; zellmann cache: grbs-16065.pdf plain text: grbs-16065.txt item: #596 of 1726 id: grbs-16068 author: McPhee, Brian D. title: Mythological Innovations in Corinna’s Asopides Poem (fr.654.ii–iv PMG) date: 2018 words: 9462 flesch: 63 summary: 45 See M. L. West, “Corinna,” CQ 20 (1970) 277–287, at 283–284, with the response of M. Davies, “Corinna’s Date Revisited,” StIt 81 (1988) 186– 194, at 186–187, and the counter-response of West, “Dating Corinna,” CQ 40 (1990) 553–557, at 553–554. For their identifications see W. Schubart and U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Berliner Klassikertexte V.2 Lyrische und dramatische Fragmente (Berlin 1907) 49–52; C. M. Bowra, “The Daughters of Asopus,” Hermes 73 (1938) 213–221; Page, Corinna 26–27; J. Larson, “Corinna and the Daughters of Asopus,” SyllClass 13 (2002) 47–62, at 56 n.23. keywords: asopides; asopus; boeotian; catalogue; corinna; euonymus; greek; heracles; hermes; hyrieus; land; myth; orion; poetry; poseidon; son; studies; zeus cache: grbs-16068.pdf plain text: grbs-16068.txt item: #597 of 1726 id: grbs-16069 author: Erismann, Christophe title: The Depicted Man: The Byzantine Afterlife of the Aristotelian Logical Doctrine of Homonyms date: 2019 words: 11168 flesch: 62 summary: Erismann ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 311–339 2019 Christophe Erismann The Depicted Man: The Byzantine Afterlife of Aristotle’s Logical Doctrine of Homonyms Christophe Erismann NOTEWORTHY DEVELOPMENT in Iconophile discourse in the ninth century is the sudden engagement with Aristo- telian logical concepts.1 In order to strengthen their arguments in favour of image veneration, both Nicephorus, Patriarch of Constantinople, and Theodore the Stoudite make use of logical reasoning and concepts. It confirms also that the introduction of logical ideas into the dispute about image veneration was a Constantino- politan phenomenon. keywords: animal; aristotelian; aristotle; byzantine; categories; century; christ; essence; example; homonyms; icon; iconophile; image; man; nicephorus; prototype; studies; theodore; things; κατὰ; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-16069.pdf plain text: grbs-16069.txt item: #598 of 1726 id: grbs-16071 author: Alonso Déniz, Alcorac title: À propos de μυκός « muet » dans l’anthroponymie grecque date: 2018 words: 6040 flesch: 77 summary: ALCORAC ALONSO DÉNIZ 363 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 349–365 chèvre » (KN).61 En grec postérieur sont attestés Βοῦκρις et peut-être Βοῦκ[ρο]ς,62 qui, d’après F. Bechtel, seraient des troncations de composés à second membre °κρᾱνος « tête » (cf. βούκρανος « à la tête de vache », ταυρόκρανος « à la tête de taureau »). Cependant, ni le génitif -ανος des sobriquets et des formes courtes en -ᾶς, attestée en Thessalie et en Macédoine à une époque plus tardive,53 ni la flexion en nasal des anthroponymes féminins indigènes en pays illyrien (type Aplo/Aplonis) ne semblent des parallèles qui puissent expliquer de manière satisfaisante Μυκᾶνος. keywords: avec; byzantine; cette; comme; dans; des; deux; d’autres; d’un; est; grec; greek; j.-c; les; muet; nom; noms; par; pas; pour; que; qui; sont; studies; sur; très; une; voir; été; être; καὶ cache: grbs-16071.pdf plain text: grbs-16071.txt item: #599 of 1726 id: grbs-16081 author: O'Sullivan, Lara title: Court Intrigue and the Death of Callisthenes date: 2019 words: 9652 flesch: 52 summary: Quomodo adulator 59B. 55 Callisthenes FGrHist 124 T 20. While a number of sophists and flatterers, primed for the event, lauded Alexander’s achievements and urged the adoption of the practice, Callisthenes spoke openly against its introduction, with results fatal for Alexander’s am- bitions in this regard.4 keywords: alexander; arrian; callisthenes; chares; conspiracy; court; death; greek; hagnon; intrigue; king; lysimachus; medius; pages; philotas; plutarch; proskynesis; story; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-16081.pdf plain text: grbs-16081.txt item: #600 of 1726 id: grbs-16083 author: Lindholmer, Mads Ortving title: Cassius Dio and the “Age of δυναστεία” date: 2018 words: 11380 flesch: 57 summary: See also J. Li- bourel, “An Unusual Annalistic Source Used by Dio Cassius,” AJP 95 (1974) 383–393, who notes Dio’s violent accounts of Early Republican episodes; however, Libourel attributes this to the use of an unknown source and does not explore the importance of these episodes for Dio’s interpretation. On the creation of the trib- unate in Dio and the parallel sources see J. Libourel, Dio Cassius on the Early Roman Republic (diss. keywords: 52.1.1; cassius dio; dio; form; greek; late; late republic; lindholmer; narrative; period; power; republic; roman; studies; use; δηµοκρατία; δυναστεία cache: grbs-16083.pdf plain text: grbs-16083.txt item: #601 of 1726 id: grbs-16084 author: Zaccarini, Matteo title: What’s Love got to do with it? Eros, Democracy, and Pericles’ Rhetoric date: 2018 words: 6477 flesch: 58 summary: But evidence is scant, and in the Menexenus Socrates rather praises Pericles’ (Aspasia’s) rhe- torical skills and funeral speech (e.g. at 235E–236B): yet, as we will consistently find more ambiguities in other treatments of political eros, we shall note that Pericles’ speech further stands out in its own deviant way. On this kind of political eros see also Vattuone, Il mostro 150–151. keywords: emotions; erastes; eros; esp; greek; love; metaphor; pericles; philia; polis; studies; thucydides; tyranny; zaccarini cache: grbs-16084.pdf plain text: grbs-16084.txt item: #602 of 1726 id: grbs-16085 author: Djurslev, Christian Thrue title: Did Alexander Read Cratinus’ Eunidae on his Deathbed? date: 2018 words: 7200 flesch: 63 summary: They must have taken part in the great number of dra- matic and musical competitions towards the end of Alexander’s life.58 We also know that performers were generally present at banquets in Babylon from the testimony of Nicoboule, who may have attended various festivities in the inner circles of the Mace- donian court.59 The presence of performers is also awkwardly acknowledged in the popular Greek Alexander Romance (hereafter AR), in its ‘alpha’-recension.60 This biography is a three-book fictional extravaganza that was probably formed in the third century A.D., but many features in it hail from much earlier periods. For the ‘barbarian’-binge stereotype of the Argead royal family see now Müller, Die Argeaden 64–68, with a particular discussion of the “new decadence” of Philip and Alexander in S. Müller, “Make it Big: The ‘New Decadence’ of the Macedonians under Philip II and Alexander III in Greco-Roman Narratives,” in T. Howe and S. Müller (eds.), Folly and Violence in the Court of Alexander the Great and his Successors. keywords: alexander; chennus; comedy; cratinus; death; dionysus; drinking; eunidae; greek; history; king; plutarch; ptolemy; read; reading; roman; studies; tradition; καὶ cache: grbs-16085.pdf plain text: grbs-16085.txt item: #603 of 1726 id: grbs-16086 author: Mann, Kristin title: The Puzzle in Babrius's Prologue date: 2018 words: 10217 flesch: 70 summary: All of this—the Golden Age, the soften- ing of the iambs—seems to suggest that Babrius will be solely concerned with the happiest and gentlest of fables. His authorial pose is that of an educator writing fables for his young pupil(s).5 I will argue that Babrius’s fables have a unique pedagogical bent: rather than 3 The contrast between the prologue and the first fable is discussed by Hawkins, Iambic Poetics 134–136. keywords: age; animals; babrius; fables; golden; greek; hawkins; humans; lion; man; prologue; puzzle; reader; speech; studies; violence; world cache: grbs-16086.pdf plain text: grbs-16086.txt item: #604 of 1726 id: grbs-16090 author: Doroszewska, Julia title: Windows of Curiosity: Eyes and Vision in Plutarch’s De Curiositate (Mor. 515-523) date: 2019 words: 8544 flesch: 60 summary: In Plutarch curiosity has also an appetitive character which is to be satisfied only by feeding on scandals and misfortunes of others (Leigh 14–15). Doros ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 158–178 2019 Julia Doroszewska Windows of Curiosity: Eyes and Vision in Plutarch’s De Curiositate (Mor. 515B–523B) keywords: busybody; curiosity; doors; doroszewska; eye; eyes; gaze; greek; house; plutarch; seeing; sight; soul; studies; theory; treatise; vision; windows; καὶ cache: grbs-16090.pdf plain text: grbs-16090.txt item: #605 of 1726 id: grbs-161 author: Kaesser, Christian title: Tweaking the Real: Art Theory and the Borderline between History and Morality in Plutarch’s Lives date: 2004 words: 4966 flesch: 54 summary: It is fortunate for such a discussion that Plutarch very often compares his biographical trajectory to the visual arts, thereby opening up for us the possibility to make use of art theory in order to answer our question. Kaesser Tweaking the Real: Art Theory and the Borderline between History and Morality in Plutarch’s Lives Christian Kaesser S keywords: alexander; apelles; art; contrast; life; lives; passage; plutarch; real; reality; representation; truth cache: grbs-161.pdf plain text: grbs-161.txt item: #606 of 1726 id: grbs-1611 author: Turshan, Nizar title: The Magi: a Rare Mosaic Floor in the Ya῾amun Church (Jordan) date: 2010 words: 2084 flesch: 68 summary: This sort of destruction NIZAR TURSHAN 623 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 616–624 Figure 6: The dome and the lamp ———— occurred at many other churches in northern Jordan.5 There are no independent means of determining a date for this change, but when compared to other churches with similar destruction it corresponds well. 620 THE MAGI: A RARE MOSAIC FLOOR ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 50 (2010) 616–624 Figure 3: Ya῾amun church floor plan (drawing by Muwafaq Bataineh) ———— keywords: byzantine; church; floor; mosaic; studies; turshan cache: grbs-1611.pdf plain text: grbs-1611.txt item: #607 of 1726 id: grbs-16134 author: Maksymiuk, Katarzyna title: The Two Eyes of the Earth: The Problem of Respect in Sasanid-Roman Relations date: 2018 words: 5791 flesch: 66 summary: In the context of the diplo- matic protocol we should ask whether communication in both verbal and ritual modes was understood in the same way by Iranian kings and Roman emperors,3 for this affected the rela- tions of the two empires of Late Antiquity. Maksym ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 591–606 2018 Katarzyna Maksymiuk The Two Eyes of the Earth: The Problem of Respect in Sasanid-Roman Relations Katarzyna Maksymiuk ECAUSE of the specific nature of the written sources describing relations between Rome and Iran during the third to seventh centuries A.D., research on Near Eastern history of the era seems focused on the military conflicts and descriptions of warfare.1 But equally fascinating are the diplo- matic relations between the two empires, especially the protocol of receiving embassies which developed during the four cen- turies of mutual contacts.2 The main topic of this paper is: can 1 E. Kettenhofen, Die römisch-persischen Kriege des 3. keywords: brother; diplomacy; earth; eds; emperor; eyes; greek; iran; king; maksymiuk; peace; relations; roman; rome; rulers; sasanian; studies; transl; war; xusrō; καὶ cache: grbs-16134.pdf plain text: grbs-16134.txt item: #608 of 1726 id: grbs-16136 author: Krausmüller, Dirk title: Adoring the Image of Christ: The Icon Theology of Leo of Chalcedon and Theodore of Stoudios date: 2018 words: 7260 flesch: 63 summary: This compound ad- jective is shorthand for a complex set of Christological concepts.8 ὁ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ χαρακτὴρ θεοϋπόστατος ὑπάρχων, τουτέστιν ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ὑποστάσει τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑποστάς, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο θεὸς ὑπάρχων καὶ αὐτὸς κατ᾽ οὐσίαν συναφθέντος αὐτῷ καὶ συνηµµένου ὄντος τούτῳ τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἀδιαστάτως καὶ ἀδιασπάστως καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἁγίαις εἰκόσιν αὐτοῦ λατρευτικῶς προσκυνεῖται καὶ σέβεται ὡς θεός. This leaves no doubt that for Leo images of Christ’s body are as 18 Arist. keywords: byzantine; christ; hypostasis; icon; identity; image; imprint; leo; nature; prototype; son; studies; theodore; veneration; καὶ; τοῦ; τῆς cache: grbs-16136.pdf plain text: grbs-16136.txt item: #609 of 1726 id: grbs-16138 author: Sebastiani, Breno Battistin title: The Coups of 411 and 404 in Athens: Thucydides and Xenophon on Conservative Turns date: 2018 words: 10303 flesch: 51 summary: Immediately after the battle of Munychia, in which the Thirty had been beaten and Critias died, he made an appeal to salvation (soteria), liberty (eleutheria), and peace (eirene) (2.4.20–22), even though the result was not exactly what he had in mind: “This was his speech, and the re- 44 On the complexities of Theramenes’ portrait by Xenophon see Wolpert, Despite the procedural differences that one can highlight in both narratives,55 as historians Thucydides and Xenophon put into practice the synoptic vision afforded by historia, part of the Ionian method of inquiring into men and their actions so as to be able to recognize intentions behind them and their con- nexions.56 Their narratives are still a plea for intellectuals to engage in deep criticism against any kinds of mystification and to always strive for the most of independent thinking they can safeguard for themselves and others. keywords: 404; athenian; athens; battistin; bearzot; cambridge; city; companion; coups; democracy; democrazia; greek; hellenica; sebastiani; studies; theramenes; thirty; thucydides; una; xenophon cache: grbs-16138.pdf plain text: grbs-16138.txt item: #610 of 1726 id: grbs-16142 author: Braccini, Tommaso title: An Apple between Folktales, Rumors, and Novellas: Malalas 14.8 and its Oriental Parallels date: 2018 words: 9734 flesch: 65 summary: Braccini ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 299–323 2018 Tommaso Braccini An Apple between Folktales, Rumors, and Novellas: Malalas 14.8 and its Oriental Parallels Tommaso Braccini HE CHRONICLER JOHN MALALAS, writing in the sixth century,1 is the first known Greek author to relate a spectacular incident that involved a recycled gift and apparently took place towards the end of the reign of Theodosius II (408–450). T 300 AN APPLE BETWEEN FOLKTALES ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 299–323 Malalas 14.8:2 συνέβη δὲ µετὰ χρόνον ἐν τῷ προϊέναι τὸν βασιλέα Θεοδόσιον εἰς τὴν keywords: 299–323; apple; arabic; braccini; byzantine; century; emperor; eudocia; fact; folktales; fruit; greek; history; indian; king; malalas; nights; paulinus; roman; scott; story; studies; tale; theodosius; καὶ cache: grbs-16142.pdf plain text: grbs-16142.txt item: #611 of 1726 id: grbs-16144 author: Kennedy, Scott title: A Classic Dethroned: The Decline and Fall of Thucydides in Middle Byzantium date: 2018 words: 9977 flesch: 59 summary: 610 A CLASSIC DETHRONED ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 58 (2018) 607–635 rhetoric itself,10 Thucydides featured prominently throughout the rhetorical curriculum from beginning exercises to advanced composition such as declamation, in which students would impersonate a figure from antiquity on a real or imagined his- torical occasion. 252.31 Condemning Thucydides for his obscurity and “wooden” style, Tzetzes wished the Athenians had tossed him and his Histories in a dark pit!32 Dark and obscure, Thucydides was slotted for replacement, as the Byzantines modernized their curriculum. keywords: antiquity; aphthonios; byzantine; byzantium; century; classic; example; exercises; greek; gregory; historians; history; john; kennedy; leo; middle; model; nikephoros; plague; prokopios; roman; scott; source; studies; style; text; thucydides; καὶ cache: grbs-16144.pdf plain text: grbs-16144.txt item: #612 of 1726 id: grbs-16149 author: Lenfant, Dominique title: Polygamy in Greek Views of Persians date: 2019 words: 8635 flesch: 67 summary: The first point to make is that Herodotus’ generalization, in which he attributes many wives to each of the Persians (1.135), stands entirely alone (except for a passage of Strabo, who draws upon him).18 If we set that passage apart, in the whole of Greek literature, only kings are assigned several wives. The only text which suggests an explanation of the Persians’ ideas about polygamy is the passage in which Herodotus mentions the Persian custom of having many wives and many concubines (1.135), where the context into which it is inserted might give some clues. keywords: 15–37; brosius; concubines; cyrus; darius; greek; herodotus; king; lenfant; persians; polygamy; studies; views; wife; wives; women cache: grbs-16149.pdf plain text: grbs-16149.txt item: #613 of 1726 id: grbs-16156 author: Rzepka, Jacek title: The First Battles of the Chaeronea Campaign, 339/8 B.C. date: 2018 words: 2731 flesch: 62 summary: Obviously, this section of the Sylloge Tacti- corum, repeating already-known material, is unattractive in the eyes of ancient historians, as it is not supposed to provide new Some attention was paid to those clashes by J. Kromayer, Antike Schlachtfelder in Griechenland (Berlin 1903) 136; K. J. Beloch, Griechische Geschichte2 III.1 (Berlin 1927) 566; J. R. Ellis, Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism (London 1976) 196 with n.63; G. Cawkwell, Philip of Macedon (London 1978) 145; N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Griffith, History of Macedonia II (Oxford 1979) 591; W. K. Pritchett, Greek State at War V (Berkeley 1991) 457. The only Philip who can be taken into consideration is Philip II: less famous Philip V never attacked Boeotian Thebes,5 and Phthiotic Thebes (which was in fact besieged and captured in 217) would not be presented without further identification. keywords: battle; cavalry; chaeronea; greek; philip; thebans; war; winter cache: grbs-16156.pdf plain text: grbs-16156.txt item: #614 of 1726 id: grbs-16157 author: Hiscock, Matthew title: The Frame of the Phaedo date: 2019 words: 9091 flesch: 64 summary: And it is echoed in the emotions depicted in the con- cluding scene, where Plato, through the companions’ reactions, models the ideal response to the moment when Socrates drinks the hemlock.23 But as pleasure, pain, and their inter-relationship also feature in other dialogues, it is important, first, to establish that the Phaedo’s paradox is not merely an echo of ideas developed elsewhere. Phaedo takes care to explain that what he felt was not the normal pity at the death of a close friend (since he was confident that Socrates would fare well after death), nor pleasure at being occupied in the normal business (for Socrates’ circle) of philosophy (58E1– 59A5).28 Rather (59A5–7): Philebus,” in R. Kraut (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Plato (Cambridge 1992) 425–463, at 435. keywords: death; festival; frame; greek; hiscock; leg; muthoi; oschophoria; pain; phaedo; plato; pleasure; race; ritual; socrates; studies; theseus; καὶ cache: grbs-16157.pdf plain text: grbs-16157.txt item: #615 of 1726 id: grbs-16168 author: Carawan, Edwin title: How the “Crown Case” Came to Trial and Why date: 2019 words: 9672 flesch: 64 summary: Carawan ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 109–133 2019 Edwin Carawan How the “Crown Case” Came to Trial and Why Edwin Carawan ARLY IN 336 B.C. the Athenian council passed Ctesiphon’s proposal to crown Demosthenes for his service after the defeat at Chaeronea, but Aeschines blocked the measure with a suit for unlawful action (graphē paranomōn) before it could be enacted in the assembly. So, surely, Aeschines would seize upon Macedon’s juggernaut to punish his adversaries; indeed, Demosthenes accuses Aeschines of capitalizing on recent adversity (18.308). keywords: aeschines; alexander; assembly; carawan; case; court; crown; crown case; ctesiphon; decree; demomeles; demosthenes; diondas; edwin; hyperides; penalty; proposal; studies; trial cache: grbs-16168.pdf plain text: grbs-16168.txt item: #616 of 1726 id: grbs-16172 author: Rop, Jeffrey title: The Outbreak of the Rebellion of Cyrus the Younger date: 2019 words: 11259 flesch: 54 summary: When confronted with Cyrus’ expeditionary force, Orontas took refuge at a nearby altar of Artemis and appealed a second time for mercy from him.41 Cyrus accepted his pledge of loyalty, allowed him to re- tain his position, and in 401 summoned him to the rebel muster at Sardis. 57–85 2019 Jeffrey Rop The Outbreak of the Rebellion of Cyrus the Younger Jeffrey Rop N THE ANABASIS, Xenophon asserts that the Persian prince Cyrus the Younger was falsely accused of plotting a coup d’état against King Artaxerxes II shortly after his accession to the throne in 404 BCE. keywords: 57–85; alcibiades; artaxerxes; briant; cyrus; greek; king; orontas; persian; pharnabazus; rebellion; revolt; sardis; studies; tissaphernes; xenophon cache: grbs-16172.pdf plain text: grbs-16172.txt item: #617 of 1726 id: grbs-16173 author: Tempest, Kathryn title: Meidias and the Mute Witness: Cicero’s Debt to Demosthenes in the Verrines Reconsidered date: 2019 words: 10511 flesch: 56 summary: Even though there was no standardization in ancient education, connections were there to be made, and by and large Cicero could expect some of his contemporaries to make them.56 In so doing, Cicero could activate what Pierre Bourdieu has termed “academic capital”—the rich repository of knowledge with which educated Romans distinguished themselves from their less-privileged counterparts.57 Thus Cicero could hope both to flatter the intelligence of his knowledgeable listeners whilst also projecting his own ethos as a man of culture and learning.58 As Meidias’ preferred method of travel serves to underscore his effeminacy and self- indulgence,44 so too Verres is made to stand in antithesis to the 40 At II.5.1–4 Cicero tells us that Verres’ defence team planned to make much of Verres’ military achievements, which were perhaps not as insignifi- cant as Cicero would have us believe: Verres seems to have protected Sicily with some success during the Spartacan revolt (Sall. keywords: audience; case; cicero; demosthenes; esp; greek; jury; kathryn; meidias; men; point; rhetoric; roman; rome; speech; speeches; sthenius; straton; studies; tempest; trial; use; verres; verrines; witness; καὶ cache: grbs-16173.pdf plain text: grbs-16173.txt item: #618 of 1726 id: grbs-16175 author: Plastow, Christine title: Doctors in Attic Forensic Oratory date: 2019 words: 8143 flesch: 58 summary: Many doctors are presented as trust- worthy and competent, particularly those who appear in figura- tive passages, where doctors become emblematic of protection against danger to the body and thus an easy analogy for the democratic forms of protection against danger to the city and the people that litigants regularly draw attention to. Plastow ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 575–595 2019 Christine Plastow Doctors in Attic Forensic Oratory Christine Plastow N DEMOSTHENES 54 Against Conon, the speaker Ariston con- trasts his opponents’ witnesses, whom he characterises as co- conspirators prepared to tell a variety of lies on his enemies’ behalf, with his own witnesses, who are doctors (35–36): καὶ ταῦτα τὰ λαµπρὰ καὶ νεανικά ἐστιν αὐτῶν “οὐ γὰρ ἡµεῖς µαρτυρήσοµεν ἀλλήλοις; οὐ γὰρ ταῦθ᾽ ἑταίρων ἐστὶ καὶ φίλων; τί δὲ καὶ δεινόν ἐστιν ὧν παρέξεται κατὰ σοῦ; τυπτόµενόν φασί τινες ὁρᾶν; ἡµεῖς δὲ µηδ᾽ ἧφθαι τὸ παράπαν µαρτυρήσοµεν. keywords: aeschines; ariston; athens; case; demosthenes; doctors; euthydicus; knowledge; medicine; oratory; plastow; professional; speaker; studies; testimony; witnesses; καὶ cache: grbs-16175.pdf plain text: grbs-16175.txt item: #619 of 1726 id: grbs-16178 author: Busine, Aude title: Basil and Basilissa at Ancyra: Local Legends, Hagiography, and Cult date: 2019 words: 9343 flesch: 58 summary: However, the nature and provenance of the data provided by the Church historian about Basil martyr have never been prop- erly exploited,9 notably because this issue was overshadowed by the vivid discussion between David Woods and Hans Teitler about the authenticity of the Passion (BHG 242).10 This text, similar in form and content to sixth-century hagiographical works, provides an expanded version of Sozomen, relating Basil’s struggle against Eudoxius’ partisans (§2), his opposition to idolatry under Julian (3–4), and his arrest and martyrdom (5– 20). Sozomen’s passage about Basil martyr was thus shaped through the mixing of a historical kernel and later ad- ditions, based on an approximate knowledge of the life of a historical bishop together with the frequent habit of linking the death of a local saint to the persecution of Julian.30 Christianizing the King and the Queen gods of Ancyra Hitherto, the traditional confidence in Sozomen has allowed a simple explanation of the origin of the cult of Basil of Ancyra together with a clear terminus post quem: this cult would have developed subsequent to the death of a historical fourth-century martyr. keywords: ancyra; aude; basil; basilissa; bishop; busine; byzantine; century; christian; church; cult; emperor; greek; julian; martyr; martyrdom; names; pagan; passion; roman; sozomen; studies; woods; καὶ cache: grbs-16178.pdf plain text: grbs-16178.txt item: #620 of 1726 id: grbs-16179 author: Lewis, Virginia M. title: Two Sides of the Same Coin: The Ideology of Gelon’s Innovative Syracusan Tetradrachm date: 2019 words: 8063 flesch: 56 summary: On Gelon’s accumulation of power in Syracuse see Luraghi, Tirannidi 299–300. The first section provides an overview of the imagery on the coin and considers evidence for its dating and types and then discusses the coin’s relationship to Syracusan tetradrachms of the more common Arethusa/quadriga type. keywords: alpheios; arethusa; city; coin; deinomenid; demeter; gelon; god; greek; hieron; river; studies; syracusan; syracuse; tetradrachm cache: grbs-16179.pdf plain text: grbs-16179.txt item: #621 of 1726 id: grbs-16193 author: Luján, Eugenio R. title: Mycenaean a-re-se-si and Homeric ἄλεισον Revisited date: 2019 words: 5233 flesch: 70 summary: In addition to the a-re-se-si, he was also responsible for the production of a number of to-pa ru-de-a2 (probably /storpha rudeha/),17 i.e. a certain kind of leather ropes, with one more hide.18 If we now bring together the Homeric and Mycenaean data, why should we not think of leather cups or goblets? a-re-se-si (dative plural of an s- stem */aleisos/) refers to leather cups. keywords: 1–14; cup; greek; homeric; leather; mycenaean; studies; word; καὶ; ἄλεισον cache: grbs-16193.pdf plain text: grbs-16193.txt item: #622 of 1726 id: grbs-16194 author: Goušchin, Valerij title: Plutarch on Cimon, Athenian Expeditions, and Ephialtes’ Reform (Plut. Cim. 14-17) date: 2019 words: 6932 flesch: 65 summary: The first attack on Cimon was a prosecution in 463 B.C. Cimon, who conducted successful military operations in Thrace, the Chersonese, and Thasos, was put on trial accused of taking bribes from the Macedonian king Alexander: “He had a good opportunity, as it was thought, to invade Macedonia and cut off a great part of it, and because he would not consent to do it, he was accused of having been bribed to this position by King Alexander, and was actually prosecuted, his enemies forming a coalition against him” (14.2, δίκην ἔφυγε τῶν ἐχθρῶν συστάν- των ἐπ᾽ αὐτόν, transl. In 450 it was precisely through the efforts of Cimon that a truce with Sparta was concluded: “Whereupon Cimon came back from banishment and made peace between the cities. keywords: athenian; blamire; cimon; egypt; ephialtes; expedition; greek; historia; lacedaemonians; plutarch; reform; studies; thucydides cache: grbs-16194.pdf plain text: grbs-16194.txt item: #623 of 1726 id: grbs-16197 author: Koentges, Thomas title: The Un-Platonic Menexenus: A Stylometric Analysis with More Data date: 2020 words: 10227 flesch: 53 summary: The Menexenus has a higher co-occurrence with Xenophon and Lucian than with Platonic works, and the frequency of καὶ in it is unusual not only when set against other works in the corpus but also when com- pared with the usage of Plato’s Socrates. THOMAS KOENTGES 213 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 211–241 Menexenus compared with other Platonic works; however, he did not trust those results, for he saw authenticity confirmed by Aristotelian references that may point to the Menexenus.8 keywords: analysis; aristotle; authorship; cluster; corpus; data; feature; greek; menexenus; plato; platonicum; sets; socrates; studies; works cache: grbs-16197.pdf plain text: grbs-16197.txt item: #624 of 1726 id: grbs-16202 author: Hosty, Matthew title: “But who art thou?”: Callimachus and the Unsatisfactory Epitaph date: 2019 words: 5130 flesch: 69 summary: The epitaph is surprising in context not because it disproves the whole notion of epitaph, but because it disproves a common and reassuring belief which other epitaphs frequently exploit. 7.522 shows us an unsatisfying encounter with epitaph: a stranger who reads everything a tomb can tell him but is left at a loss how to respond, other than by echoing the commonplace sentiment it 16 E.g. by Pfeiffer, Callimachus II 86, and Gow and Page, HE II 187. keywords: callimachus; dead; epitaph; euthymenes; father; greek; husband; speaker; timonoe cache: grbs-16202.pdf plain text: grbs-16202.txt item: #625 of 1726 id: grbs-16207 author: Hilton, Collin Miles title: Epicurean Myth Rationalization in Plutarch’s De Latenter Vivendo and Lucretius’ Catalogue of Underworld Torments date: 2019 words: 9079 flesch: 51 summary: In Plutarch De def. Hilton ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 134–157 2019 Collin Miles Hilton Epicurean Myth Rationalization in Plutarch’s De latenter vivendo and Lucretius’ Catalogue of Underworld Torments Collin Miles Hilton LUTARCH OF CHAERONEA, fittingly for a Platonist, engaged with Epicurus and his followers on a variety of topics, such as physics, ethics, politics, psychology, the- ology, eschatology, and so on.1 Many of these converge in the short treatise De latenter vivendo, which takes aim at the Epicurean adage “live unnoticed. keywords: argument; collin; death; epicurean; epicurus; fear; greek; hilton; latenter; life; lucretius; miles; myth; non; plato; plutarch; punishment; rationalization; sort; studies; underworld; καὶ cache: grbs-16207.pdf plain text: grbs-16207.txt item: #626 of 1726 id: grbs-16208 author: Venticinque, Philip F. title: Wealth, Profit, and Social Capital in the Greek Magical Papyri date: 2019 words: 7957 flesch: 55 summary: A charitēsion in another fourth-century handbook from Thebes, on the other hand, unites a variety of social qualities with wealth and success, as do business spells. Other spells concentrate less on place; rather, by means of rings and amulets, these seek to benefit and bring profit to the wearer. keywords: ancient; business; capital; craftsmen; economic; favor; greek; magic; pgm; practitioner; profit; reputation; roman; spells; studies; success; wealth; workshop cache: grbs-16208.pdf plain text: grbs-16208.txt item: #627 of 1726 id: grbs-16215 author: Berkes, Lajos; Mihálykó, Ágnes T. title: A Greek Acclamation in Praise of an illustris from Seventh-Century Egypt (P.Berol.inv. 5603 Reconsidered) date: 2019 words: 5235 flesch: 68 summary: 5603 Reconsidered) Lajos Berkes and Ágnes T. Mihálykó HE PAPYRUS reedited here was first transcribed and briefly commented on by F. Krebs in 1892.1 Subse- quently, Paul Maas reprinted its last four verses (11–16) in his editions of Byzantine acclamations as “No. viii. They are attested in papyri of the third and fourth century, when acclamations pronounced at the public meetings of the city council were included in the protocols. keywords: acclamations; byzantine; century; cer; colon; emperor; greek; illustris; lines; praise; studies; text; καὶ; σῶσον cache: grbs-16215.pdf plain text: grbs-16215.txt item: #628 of 1726 id: grbs-16217 author: Nijs, Wim title: “Then truly the life of the gods will pass to men”: Contemplating Diogenes of Oenoanda’s Golden Age date: 2019 words: 7352 flesch: 58 summary: Diathesis in Diogenes There are several indications that Diogenes, whose intentions (cf. fr.3) are no less therapeutic than those of Philodemus, has also given some thought to the diathesis of his potential readers, which leads me to make a case for Epicurean diathesis as a plausible solution to the enigma presented by fr.56. The fact that Diogenes uses the term εὐσύγκριτοι twice, com- bined with the fact that in fr.112 he stresses the importance of one’s diathesis in an ethical context, makes for very good grounds to take Epicurean diathesis into consideration as a possible mech- anism underlying the leap in Diogenes’ reasoning. 3.3. keywords: age; diathesis; diogenes; epicurean; epicurus; fr.56; future; gods; greek; inscription; life; oenoanda; readers; studies; wisdom cache: grbs-16217.pdf plain text: grbs-16217.txt item: #629 of 1726 id: grbs-16218 author: Marshall, C. W.; Funke, Melissa title: A Script for a Sixth-Century Mime (P.Oxy. LXXIX 5189) date: 2019 words: 11549 flesch: 70 summary: Stage directions were, for the most part, not part of Greek dramatic texts, and while there are a handful of excep- tions, stage directions are found to a greater extent in papyri that contain mime. When the insulting phrase is used in the performance of the scheme, the key words are in the mouth of character Δ, when this person is being hit by B, for babbling (v23). keywords: character; cook; directions; female; greek; mime; parasite; parsons; script; slave; soldier; stage; studies; ἄκαιρος cache: grbs-16218.pdf plain text: grbs-16218.txt item: #630 of 1726 id: grbs-16225 author: Toepel, Alexander title: Late Paganism as Witnessed by the Syriac Cave of Treasures date: 2019 words: 8557 flesch: 59 summary: The coherent use of chronology and the fact that so far no independent source-texts outside of CT have been identified strongly suggest that the text in its entirety goes back to the seventh-century author instead of being an assemblage of earlier unrelated works.5 Whatever its sources may have been, the book had a long afterlife in both Christian and Muslim authors, mostly historians and polymaths such as Ps.-Dionysius of Tell-Mahre (late eighth century), al-Jaqubi (late ninth cen- tury), Tabari and Eutychius of Alexandria (both ninth/tenth century), Michael the Syrian (late twelfth century), Barhebraeus and Solomon of Basra (both thirteenth century).6 In spite of this, the Syriac Book of the Cave of Treasures (henceforth CT ), a Christian apocryphal work of the late sixth or early seventh century written on Persian ground, bears witness to an apparently still vibrant practice of 1 Cf. keywords: author; baalbek; byzantine; cave; century; christian; fire; greek; harran; nimrod; paganism; persian; studies; syriac; toepel; treasures; worship; yonton cache: grbs-16225.pdf plain text: grbs-16225.txt item: #631 of 1726 id: grbs-16234 author: Boeten, Julie title: Byzantine Particles, a Case Study: Juxtaposed τε καί and δέ in Medieval Dodecasyllables date: 2019 words: 7572 flesch: 62 summary: He concluded that “juxtaposition of τε καί might be a characteristic of asianism,” and since the asianic style strongly influenced the commatic style in Byzantine times,19 it is no surprise that this same characteristic appears frequently in accentual poems as well. In other words, can we assume some sort of metrical pause in the cases where τε καί occurs far from the main caesura, as in the fol- lowing two examples: (3) (a) Θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον καὶ πόνος Ἰωάννου τοῦ πίκλην Πλουσιαδηνοῦ τάχα καὶ θύτου ψάλτου τε καὶ ἄρχοντος ||B7 τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν πρωτόπαπα δὲ Βιτζα Χάνδακος Κρήτης. keywords: book; byzantine; caesura; diairesis; discourse; epigrams; function; greek; language; metre; particles; studies; texts; verse; καὶ; καί cache: grbs-16234.pdf plain text: grbs-16234.txt item: #632 of 1726 id: grbs-16254 author: Arinat, Mahmoud; Nassar, Mohammad title: The Geometric Mosaic of the Bath at Khirbet Yajuz: A Comparative Study date: 2019 words: 2948 flesch: 67 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 493–506 Figure 5: Bath, Yajuz Figure 6: Baths of Herakleides, Gadara the Aleppo Musum, which dates to the sixth century.8 Significantly, this motif is a good deal older, found already in the Hellenistic period and frequent throughout Roman times. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 493–506 Figure 9: Church of the Figure 10: Baths of Prophets, Gerasa Herakleides, Gadara Figure 11: Bath, Yajuz Figure 12: Second Church, Yasileh This motif became widespread in Jordan during the Byzantine period. keywords: byzantine; fig; figure; jordan; mosaic; roman; yajuz cache: grbs-16254.pdf plain text: grbs-16254.txt item: #633 of 1726 id: grbs-16255 author: Tolsa, Cristian title: Vettius Valens’ Longitudes (1.18), Balbillus, and the Illusion of Astrology’s Self-sufficiency date: 2019 words: 6686 flesch: 57 summary: And he gives different methods for finding the ascendant, as well as for apprehending the [longitudes of the] planets, without retro- gression. The question is, then, to what purpose were such methods invented and used? keywords: balbillus; degrees; greek; longitudes; methods; number; planets; studies; tables; time; valens; years; καὶ cache: grbs-16255.pdf plain text: grbs-16255.txt item: #634 of 1726 id: grbs-16256 author: Hilton, John L. title: Cnemon, Crispus, and the Marriage Laws of Constantine in the Aethiopica of Heliodorus date: 2019 words: 8905 flesch: 59 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 437–459 Constantine later married Fausta, the daughter of Maximian, who produced three male heirs, Constans, Constantius II, and Constantine II, whose fortunes eventually eclipsed those of Crispus.32 Despite an important naval success against Licinius in 324, he was executed in 326 at Pola in Istria on Constantine’s orders.33 Crispus was probably subjected to some form of trial before Constantine himself.34 His stepmother Fausta was killed in the baths a few months later.35 The precise details of these dramatic events are obscure, highly sensitive, and controversial. Hilton ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 437–459 2019 John L. Hilton Cnemon, Crispus, and the Marriage Laws of Constantine in the Aethiopica of Heliodorus John L. Hilton HE REIGN OF CONSTANTINE I initiated a revolutionary change in religious belief in the Roman Empire.1 Even in his own day Christian authors celebrated Constan- tine’s life and deeds in biographies such as Eusebius’s Life of Constantine (published after the emperor’s death in 337 but based on earlier works, particularly the Ecclesiastical History).2 keywords: 437–459; abduction; adultery; aethiopica; christian; cnemon; constantine; crispus; death; demainete; emperor; fausta; greek; julian; law; laws; marriage; roman; son; studies cache: grbs-16256.pdf plain text: grbs-16256.txt item: #635 of 1726 id: grbs-16257 author: Carney, Elizabeth D. title: Royal Macedonian Widows: Merry and Not date: 2019 words: 10749 flesch: 53 summary: Royal widows could be both agents and tools of com- memoration; commemoration of past rulers could increase the apparent legitimacy of a new ruler.76 As bearers of symbolic capital, royal widows sometimes co-opted the past, and at others 73 McGinn, Widows 9–10, discusses the general fear; on Eurydice see Mortensen, AHB 6 (1992) 156–171; Ogden, Polygamy 11–16; Carney, Women and Monarchy 40–45. 74 See C. Werner, “Wives, Widows and Children: War Victims in Iliad Book II,” AntCl 77 (2008) 1–17. However, the story of Roxane shows that widow marriage for borrowed glory was hardly a rule, though, as I have argued, that she was Alexander’s sexual partner may have been part of the reason no one married her. keywords: alexander; carney; cleopatra; death; greek; king; macedonian; marriage; mother; olympias; roxane; royal; son; studies; widows; women cache: grbs-16257.pdf plain text: grbs-16257.txt item: #636 of 1726 id: grbs-16259 author: Cristini, Marco title: Theoderic’s ἀγνωμοσύνη and Herodotus’ Getae (Procop. Goth. 2.6.24) date: 2019 words: 2870 flesch: 71 summary: F. M. Pontani (Rome 1974) 133 (“ingrato”); Craveri 456 (“non … con molta assennatezza”); Procopio de Cesarea, Historia de las Guerras. According to Goth. 2.6, the Goths delivered a long speech aimed at justifying their rule over Italy and said that emperor Zeno had sent Theoderic to the West in order to defeat Odoacer; after that, “he and the Goths would hold sway over the land as its legitimate and rightful rulers,” καὶ τῆς χώρας αὐτόν τε καὶ Γότθους τὸ λοιπὸν κρατεῖν ὀρθῶς καὶ δικαίως (2.6.16).1 Belisarius replied that the emperor had sent Theoderic in order to wage war against a tyrant, not to conquer the country for himself. keywords: arrogance; getae; goth; greek; hdt; herodotus; procopius; theoderic; transl; καὶ; ἀγνωµοσύνη cache: grbs-16259.pdf plain text: grbs-16259.txt item: #637 of 1726 id: grbs-16261 author: Sironi, Francesco title: Heraclitus in Verse: The Poetic Fragments of Scythinus of Teos date: 2019 words: 6324 flesch: 72 summary: The only other source about Scythinus is a passage of Diogenes Laertius, who informs us that the Peripatetic philosopher Hieronymus of Rhodes stated that Scythinus transposed the book of Heraclitus into verse (9.16): Ἱερώνυµος δέ φησι καὶ Σκυθῖνον τὸν τῶν ἰάµβων ποιητὴν ἐπιβαλέσθαι τὸν ἐκείνου (sc. Ἡρακλείτου) λόγον διὰ µέτρου ἐκβάλλειν. Thanks to Diogenes, we know that Scythinus of Teos put Heraclitus’ On Nature into verse. keywords: apollo; edmonds; fragment; greek; heraclitean; heraclitus; lyre; scythinus; studies; time; verse; west; αὔριον; γὰρ; εἷς; καὶ; πάντων; τὸν; ἔστιν cache: grbs-16261.pdf plain text: grbs-16261.txt item: #638 of 1726 id: grbs-16265 author: Das, Allison E. title: Health, Harm, and the Civic Body: Medical Language in the Speeches of Demosthenes date: 2019 words: 10231 flesch: 61 summary: Tragedy was the first to pervasively use Hippocratic medical language, perhaps because of a shared concern with human suffering.5 What the Hippocratic medical writers offered the tragedians was a rich, new vocabulary of suffering that encouraged the audience to relive their own experiences with illness and disease.6 2 H. Yunis, “Politics as Literature: Demosthenes and the Burden of the Athenian Past,” Arion 8 (2000) 104. Contextualizing Demosthenes’ medical language Before turning to his deliberative speeches, it is essential to briefly consider how Demosthenes might have come into contact with Hippocratic theories. keywords: aeschines; athenians; athens; body; crown; das; demosthenes; disease; esp; harm; health; hippocratic; language; medicine; philip; philippic; physician; plato; prognôsis; simile; speeches; studies; thucydides; καὶ cache: grbs-16265.pdf plain text: grbs-16265.txt item: #639 of 1726 id: grbs-16271 author: Acerbi, Fabio; Gioffreda, Anna title: Harmonica Membra Disjecta date: 2019 words: 6757 flesch: 66 summary: (scholia and sup- plements to the main text, MSG 190–191), 4v (supplements to F’s text), 5r (integrations, MSG 194.16–17 and 194.19–20), 5v (correc- tions, MSG 196.5–6), 6v (corrections to first lines of main text), 7r– 10r (these are the excerpta Bellermanniana; same hand in 8r–v marg. Later hands added further writings in the margins (see Appendix 1). keywords: acerbi; century; euclid; greek; hand; harmonica; integration; manuscript; marc.gr; marg; ptolemy; text; vat.gr cache: grbs-16271.pdf plain text: grbs-16271.txt item: #640 of 1726 id: grbs-16272 author: Acerbi, Fabio; Panteri, Sara title: Eratosthenes in the Excerpta Neapolitana date: 2019 words: 6028 flesch: 64 summary: Corrections in rasura are noted “ras.,” because we are only interested in the original text of the Excerpta in Vat.gr. On Greek divisions of the monochord see A. Barker, “Three Approaches to Canonic Division,” Apeiron 24.4 (1991) 49–83; Barker, The Science 12–18, with very clear diagrams; and D. E. Creese, The Monochord in Ancient Greek Harmonic Science (Cambridge 2010). keywords: 663–679; byzantine; division; eratosthenes; excerpta; greek; neapolitana; notes; ptolemy; ras; section; studies; vat.gr cache: grbs-16272.pdf plain text: grbs-16272.txt item: #641 of 1726 id: grbs-16280 author: Illarraga, Rodrigo title: Xenophon’s Psychology of Philotimia date: 2020 words: 7242 flesch: 57 summary: See W. Nestle, “Xenophon und die Sophistik,” Philologus 94 (1940) 31–50; C. J. Clas- sen, “Xenophons Darstellung der Sophistik und der Sophisten,” Hermes 112 (1984) 154–167; F. Villar, “The Uses of sophistés in Xenophon,” in C. Mársico et al. (eds.), Xenophon Philosopher: Ethics and Argumentation (Bern forthcoming). This adds a new level of complexity to Whitehead’s traditional division between good philotimia focused on the in- terest of the community and bad philotimia as the interest of the individual.22 In fact, Xenophon’s philotimia23 appears as the core of another type of morality, where, as Danzig has said, “self- interest is compatible with benefiting others. keywords: 192–210; cyropaedia; cyrus; desire; good; greek; hiero; honour; illarraga; philotimia; pleasure; sophrosune; studies; xenophon cache: grbs-16280.pdf plain text: grbs-16280.txt item: #642 of 1726 id: grbs-16284 author: Mayhew, Robert title: Aristotle on Helios’ ‘Omniscience’ in Iliad 3 and Odyssey 12: On schol. B* Iliad 3.277 date: 2020 words: 10697 flesch: 72 summary: I ROBERT MAYHEW 99 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 98–123 however, in describing his adventures, and specifically the killing of the Cattle of Helios by his comrades on the island Thrinakia, Odysseus says (374–375): “Swift to Hyperion Helios came a messenger, Lampetia5 of the long robe, [proclaiming] that we/the companions killed his cattle,” ὠκέα δ’ Ἠελίῳ Ὑπερίονι ἄγγελος ἦλθε Λαµπετίη τανύπεπλος, ὅ οἱ βόας ἔκταµεν ἡµεῖς/ἔκταν ἑταῖροι.6 ROBERT MAYHEW 103 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 98–123 σεως ὄντα, µὴ ἑωρακέναι τὰ κατὰ τὴν Θρινακίαν πραττόµενα· πάντα µὲν γὰρ ἐφορᾷ, οὐ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν δὲ καιρὸν πάντα ἐποπτεύει :— Why, having said that Helios oversees all things and overhears all things, did [Homer] portray [him] needing a messenger in the case of his own cattle: “Swift to Hyperion Helios came a messenger, Lampetia of the long robe, [proclaiming] that the companions keywords: 98–123; aristotle; cattle; earth; fol; greek; helios; homer; iliad; lampetia; porphyry; problem; schol; scholia; scholium; solution; studies; things; time; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-16284.pdf plain text: grbs-16284.txt item: #643 of 1726 id: grbs-16290 author: Tolsa, Cristian title: On the Origins of the Hippocratic Oath date: 2019 words: 9833 flesch: 51 summary: L. Edelstein’s hypothesis that the Hippocratic Oath was originally written by a Pythago- rean group1 has been largely dismissed for lack of evidence, and a series of scholars have instead explored the affinities between the Oath and mainstream ethical concepts in classical Greek society.2 If these studies tend to emphasize the ‘normality’ of the Oath in the fifth- and fourth-century context, the oddities of the text have been tackled by assuming that it was written (by Hip- pocrates) to ensure a proper use of medical knowledge outside the Asclepiad clan. In this regard, Cato might have been an exception: even an encyclopedic author like Pliny seems to ignore the Oath when dealing with topics obviously connected with the Oath, in his invective against Greek physicians that follows the quotation from Cato. keywords: asclepiads; b.c; cato; century; context; cristian; cult; embassy; family; greek; hippocratic; history; medicine; oath; origins; physicians; practice; roman; rome; studies; text; tolsa; καὶ cache: grbs-16290.pdf plain text: grbs-16290.txt item: #644 of 1726 id: grbs-16304 author: Bourke, Graeme title: Strabo and the Epeians of the Iliad date: 2020 words: 11527 flesch: 66 summary: Before appraising Strabo’s attempt to establish the significance of the toponyms mentioned here, it is necessary to address two matters: the doubts expressed by certain scholars concerning the prov- enance of an element of the Epeian entry; and the relationship of the passages which comprise the Catalogue of Ships to the Iliad as a whole. In his view, line 2.617, and certain lines of Book 11, were inserted by Alkibiades during his sojourn in Sparta in order to please the Lakedai- monians by placing Nestor’s palace in Lepreatis and thereby justifying the independence of the Lepreans from the Eleians.11 To explain how these lines came to be in the text of the Iliad known to both Strabo and ourselves, Frame hypothesises that upon his return to Athens Alkibiades, who “had simply grown fond of his own contribution to Homer and wished to see it per- petuated,” interpolated the relevant lines into the version of the Iliad recited at the Panathenaia. keywords: 1–30; alpheios; bourke; bölte; catalogue; elis; epeians; greek; homeric; iliad; nestor; olympia; poet; pylos; river; rock; site; strabo; studies; visser cache: grbs-16304.pdf plain text: grbs-16304.txt item: #645 of 1726 id: grbs-16306 author: Cartlidge, Ben title: Emendations of Alcinous’ Didaskalikos from the Witt-Dodds Briefwechsel date: 2019 words: 4427 flesch: 64 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) 680–692 was an entirely new critical edition, updating the earlier work by Louis, and was greeted with enthusiasm by the scholarly com- munity.24 Whittaker had corresponded with Witt, and notes in his apparatus various suggestions on the text made by R. E. Witt and R. C. H. Witt; in the introduction we read: “En 1970 ils sont généreusement mis à notre disposition tous les matériaux qu’ils avaient rassemblés.” In a letter dated 26.12.31 to F. H. Sandbach made available to me by Richard Witt, R. E. Witt demonstrates at great length the respects in which Hermann’s preface fails to do justice to the manuscript evidence. keywords: albinus; didaskalikos; dodds; emendations; greek; studies; text; translation; whittaker; witt; καὶ cache: grbs-16306.pdf plain text: grbs-16306.txt item: #646 of 1726 id: grbs-1631 author: Nobili, Cecilia title: Threnodic Elegy in Sparta date: 2011 words: 8465 flesch: 70 summary: The existence of some form of threnodic elegy connected with ἔλεγος and with funerary epigram is substantially accepted by B. Gentili, “Epigramma ed elegia,” in L’épigramme grecque (Vandœvres/Geneva 1967) The problem of threnodic elegy has been recently reexamined: C. Nobili, “Omero e l’elegia trenodica,” Acme 59 (2006) 3–24; Aloni and 28 THRENODIC ELEGY IN SPARTA ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) keywords: aulodic; battle; elegy; festival; greek; gymnopaidiai; mus; music; new; nobili; nomos; paeans; passage; plut; polymnestus; sacadas; simonides; sparta; studies; thaletas; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-1631.pdf plain text: grbs-1631.txt item: #647 of 1726 id: grbs-16316 author: Fisher, Elizabeth A. title: Natural Omens in Byzantine Literature: An Unpublished Translator’s Preface to a Brontologion (Petrop.Bibl.Publ. 575) date: 2019 words: 8417 flesch: 60 summary: Version of the re-translator: Ἐὰν τῷ παρόντι µηνὶ ἀµαυρώσῃ44 καὶ κρατηθῇ ὁ Ἥλιος, ἔχε κανόνα45 τῆς ἀποδείξεως ὅτι τριστάτες µετὰ στρατιωτῶν σύνδεσµον ποιήσουσιν κατὰ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ καὶ ὁ αὐτὸς βασιλεὺς στρέψει αὐτοὺς καὶ ὑποτάξει· φανήσεται δὲ καὶ ἀκρὶς πολλή, καὶ τριµηναίοις46 ὑετὸς οὐ 43 E. Trapp, Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität (Vienna 2001) Greek text: P. Boudreaux, CCAG VIII.3 (Brussels 1913) 171–172. keywords: alexios; apocalypse; arabic; book; byzantine; century; fisher; greek; literature; month; omens; preface; studies; text; translator; version; εἰς; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῆς; ὅτι cache: grbs-16316.pdf plain text: grbs-16316.txt item: #648 of 1726 id: grbs-16321 author: Rzepka, Jacek title: Subdivisions of the Boeotian Confederacy after 379 B.C. date: 2019 words: 2557 flesch: 59 summary: Often the di- vision into phylai or districts was expressed in nearly arithmetic formulae, and states were so proud of their division schemes that their association with certain numbers could rise to become the national emblem.1 For Greek federal states it is even postulated that the main milestone in passing from the primordial tribal state to the developed federal state was the introduction of pro- portional district division.2 In Greek states the number of districts could hardly be acci- dental, and we may safely assume that it served to reflect military potential above all. Proverbial connotations of political divisions within the polis are attested for Corinth (Suda π 225 πάντα ὀκτώ, “all things in eights”); for local traditions concerning numbers of civic subdivisions of Greek states see N. F. Jones, Public Organization in Ancient Greece (Philadelphia 1987). keywords: boeotian; century; districts; greek; league; rzepka; thebans; thebes; καὶ cache: grbs-16321.pdf plain text: grbs-16321.txt item: #649 of 1726 id: grbs-16334 author: Maltagliati, Giulia title: Persuasion through Proximity (and Distance) in the Attic Orators’ Historical Examples date: 2020 words: 10960 flesch: 61 summary: 68–97 also taken into account the impact of oral traditions, social memories,3 rhetorical genres,4 and institutions5 on the orators’ presentation, and the audience’s evaluation, of historical events. 3 R. Thomas, Oral Tradition and Written Record in Classical Athens (Cambridge 1989), has shown how different oral traditions could explain alternative ver- sions of historical events. keywords: athenians; audience; cognitive; demosthenes; distance; events; examples; maltagliati; orators; past; persuasion; present; proximity; speakers; speech; studies; time; use; way; καὶ; παράδειγµα; τῶν cache: grbs-16334.pdf plain text: grbs-16334.txt item: #650 of 1726 id: grbs-16335 author: Parks, Mitchell H. title: Reapportioning Honors: Intertextuality in Against Leptines date: 2020 words: 7906 flesch: 57 summary: [1997] 13–34, at 26) “that there is a tendency at times for intertextual criticism to concentrate on poetic literary texts to the neglect first of prose, sub-literary, and non-literary texts, and second of other types of cultural pro- duction.” 2 This is the chief reason why they can be productively placed in dialogue with Against Leptines: they are that speech’s immediate predecessors—in the case of the Agesilaus, by half a decade at most15—in claiming that praise can further, rather than harm, the cause of the collective. keywords: agesilaus; athens; conon; demosthenes; evagoras; greek; honors; isoc; leptines; passage; praise; risk; speech; studies; texts; καὶ cache: grbs-16335.pdf plain text: grbs-16335.txt item: #651 of 1726 id: grbs-16340 author: Olsen, Robert J. title: The Last Arab Siege of Constantinople (717–718): A Neglected Source date: 2020 words: 7397 flesch: 65 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 425–443 βασιλεύουσαν πόλιν καὶ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ παρῳχηκότος πάλιν τῇ αὐτῇ πεντεκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ αὐτοῦ µηνὸς ἐν τῇ κοιµήσει τῇς ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου ὑπέστρεψαν οἱ µιαροὶ Σαρακηνοὶ κατῃσχυµµένοι καὶ ἄπρακτοι. Βουλγάροις ἔπεσον ὑπ’ αὐτῶν Σαρακηνοὶ τὸν ἀριθµὸν δισµύριοι, καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ αὐτῶν πεζοποροῦντες ἐν ἀτιµίᾳ ὑπέστρεψαν. keywords: arab; byzantine; campaign; city; constantinople; greek; leo; maslama; narrative; siege; sources; studies; synaxaria; text; theophanes; tradition; αὐτῶν; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῆς cache: grbs-16340.pdf plain text: grbs-16340.txt item: #652 of 1726 id: grbs-16343 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Discontinuous History of Imperial Panegyric in Byzantium and its Reinvention by Michael Psellos date: 2019 words: 8101 flesch: 57 summary: For a brief history of the genre see C. E. V. Nixon and B. S. Rodgers, In Praise of Later Roman Emperors: The Panegyrici Latini (Berkeley 1994) 1–3; for an introduction to the social context of late Roman panegyric, citing previous T 694 THE DISCONTINUOUS HISTORY OF IMPERIAL PANEGYRIC ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 59 (2019) This article will challenge this assumption and argue for a significant rupture in the production and delivery of imperial panegyrics. keywords: 693–713; byzantine; court; emperor; greek; history; kaldellis; orations; panegyric; period; psellos; rhetoric; roman; speech; speeches; studies; text cache: grbs-16343.pdf plain text: grbs-16343.txt item: #653 of 1726 id: grbs-16348 author: Nünlist, René title: Nicanor's System of Punctuation date: 2020 words: 5610 flesch: 87 summary: A Il. 2.23b Nic.; see Appendix). A Il. 14.317a Nic.) deal with a κοινόν, which normally receives a διαστολή (§4.2). keywords: clause; nic; nicanor; punctuation; schol; καὶ; στιγµή; τοῦ; ἄνω cache: grbs-16348.pdf plain text: grbs-16348.txt item: #654 of 1726 id: grbs-16351 author: Cristini, Marco title: Frankish ἁρμοσταί in Lucca? Reading Agathias Hist. 1.18.5 date: 2020 words: 2358 flesch: 66 summary: Reading Agathias Hist. 1.18.5 Marco Cristini HE FIRST BOOK of Agathias’ Historiae describes the fighting between Justinian’s troops, led by Narses, and the Goths after the death of their last king, Theia. keywords: agathias; city; frankish; franks; goths; lucca; narses; roman; ἁρµοσταί cache: grbs-16351.pdf plain text: grbs-16351.txt item: #655 of 1726 id: grbs-16352 author: Jeirani, Yashar title: The Politics of Benefit: On the Identity of Household Management and Politics in Xenophon’s Memorabilia date: 2020 words: 9895 flesch: 54 summary: The Socratic conception of household management and the identification of politics with household management In the section which describes how Socrates assisted his friends regarding noble things, Xenophon narrates a conversation be- tween Socrates and Nicomachides, prompted by the former. 36–60 dialogue shows that Xenophon’s Socrates puts forth this calcu- lative and benefit-based political doctrine as an anti-doctrine to a more ‘noble’ political doctrine which stresses noble virtues or honor-based distinctions as the ultimate standard for evaluating and being a statesman (Nietsche’s “pathos of distance”).6 I argue that Socrates provides two reasons for supporting his doctrine identifying statesmanship and household management; these two reasons, by focusing on the interests of the ruled and the rulers respectively, prove the point that the identification doc- trine is a political doctrine (or Socratic political doctrine) proper.7 with Socrates’ position in Memorabilia. keywords: antisthenes; benefit; city; doctrine; good; household; knowledge; management; politics; socrates; victory; xenophon cache: grbs-16352.pdf plain text: grbs-16352.txt item: #656 of 1726 id: grbs-16357 author: Kotansky, Roy D. title: A Silver Votive Plaque with a Judicial Prayer against Slander date: 2020 words: 7185 flesch: 65 summary: 11 τῇ τοιαύτῃ φήµ[ῃ]: Versnel, in Magical Practice 136, aptly writes “Envy breeds gossip … Gossip, in its turn, generates evil fame,” and introduces, among other texts, Hesiod Cat. 34 Varro wrote that “Gaia is celebrated above all other names [super omnes celebrata] formed from the praenomen of the husband”: quoted by Peter Keegan, “Roman Gaia and the Discourse of Patronage: Retrograde C in CIL VI,” in John Bodel et al. (eds.), Ancient Documents and their Contexts (Leiden/Boston 2015) 152–173, at 155 with n.7 (citing De praen. keywords: curse; gaia; god; greek; hiera; magic; magika; plaque; pompeia; prayers; roman; silver; studies; tablet; text; versnel; votive cache: grbs-16357.pdf plain text: grbs-16357.txt item: #657 of 1726 id: grbs-16358 author: Cairns, Francis title: The Terms komos and paraclausithyron date: 2020 words: 3615 flesch: 68 summary: By the repeated misapplications of paraclausithyron Copley perpetuated a terminological muddle which has persisted widely to this day: many scholars employ komos and paraclausithyron as if they are synonyms,7 and others argue that paraclausithyron, not komos, is the appropriate term for poems involving the excluded lover.8 This is all the more regrettable given that Georg Luck, in his (German-language!) Insistence on the distinction between komos and paraclausithyron in the con- text of the excluded lover is not pedantry: komos may involve a whole sequence of actions on the part of the komast, including the performance of a song, whereas paraclausithyron (if it is a gen- uine Greek term: see §2) is the komast’s song, and nothing more; cf. keywords: amator; cairns; copley; door; greek; komos; lover; paraclausithyron; song; studies; term; παρακλαυσίθυρον cache: grbs-16358.pdf plain text: grbs-16358.txt item: #658 of 1726 id: grbs-16362 author: Jazdzewska, Katarzyna title: “Still noon” in Plato’s Phaedrus (and in Heraclides of Pontus) date: 2020 words: 2628 flesch: 70 summary: Dialogues with the Silent Philosopher (University Park 2000) 11: “If the reader asks why Plato has Phaedrus notice the time of day, the significance of this dramatic detail becomes clear: it is precisely at this demonic hour when gods appear to men and Pan makes his sudden epiphany, that Socrates decides to remain on the banks of the Ilissos and begin his inspired speech in praise of love as a kind of divine madness.” ”11 Ryan follows Burnet and keeps the phrase, but finds it awkward and notes that σταθερά is “a quasiscientific term, not part of the urbane vocabulary of Socrates and Phaedrus,” and that Plato precedes it with ἡ δὴ καλουµένη, apologizing “for its redundancy in the wake of the µεσηµβρία ἵσταται explicante, proficisci potuerunt, a Platone non potuerunt.” keywords: epiphany; heraclides; midday; noon; phaedrus; plato; µεσηµβρία; καλουµένη; σταθερά cache: grbs-16362.pdf plain text: grbs-16362.txt item: #659 of 1726 id: grbs-16369 author: Van Pelt, Julie title: Disguised Identity and Recognition in the Life of Gregory of Agrigento (BHG 707) date: 2020 words: 7086 flesch: 58 summary: At 23, he claims that “Leontios must have known younger friends and servants of the Pope and bishop Gregory himself when he was a young monk, and his personal links with Agrigento and the monastery of Saint Sabas in Rome, where the bishop also stayed, suggest that he was an eye- witness and a reliable reporter, even if he got a few names wrong.” While it is possible that he did, it is equally possible that he rather wanted his readers to enjoy Gregory’s narrative in itself, just as they would enjoy that of Euphrosyne or other disguised saints. keywords: bishop; euphrosyne; father; greek; gregory; hagiographer; identity; life; lives; narrative; pelt; plot; recognition; saint; son; studies; van cache: grbs-16369.pdf plain text: grbs-16369.txt item: #660 of 1726 id: grbs-16375 author: Kampianaki, Theofili title: Perceptions of Flavius Josephus in the Medieval Greek and Latin Literary Traditions date: 2020 words: 9767 flesch: 49 summary: If you wish to know the punishment of the sinning Jews, who raged at Christ, read the history of Josephus—a Jewish man, but one who loved truth—about the sack, so that you will know about such a God-sent punishment that the entire time has not known since when and as long as men [have lived].1 This is the vehement reply of the theologian Isidore of Pelousion (A.D. 360/370–d. after 433) to the epistle of a friend who was interested in reading about how Jews had been historically punished for the crucifixion of Christ.2 Isidore instructed his friend to read an author who, according to him, was committed to writing the truth even though he was a Jew: the historian Flavius Josephus (37–100),3 a writer highly esteemed and fre- quently consulted by Christians in the late antique and medieval 1 Isidore of Pelousion Ep. It should be added that medieval Greek and (Leiden 2014); J. Edmondson et al. (eds.), Flavius Josephus and Flavian Rome (Ox- ford 2005); J. Sievers et al. (eds.), Josephus and Jewish History in Flavian Rome and Beyond (Leiden 2005); T. Rajak, Josephus: The Historian and his Society2 (London 2002). keywords: antiquities; author; christian; church; eds; eusebius; flavius; flavius josephus; greek; historian; history; jews; josephus; kampianaki; latin; medieval; roman; studies; translation; truth; war; works; writer cache: grbs-16375.pdf plain text: grbs-16375.txt item: #661 of 1726 id: grbs-16382 author: Głogowski, Piotr title: Cyrus the Younger and his Persians: The Dynamics of Power date: 2020 words: 9776 flesch: 63 summary: We do see that in the army of Cyrus Orontas did not have any considerable forces of his own, which perhaps should keep us from overestimating his importance. Glogowski ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 165–191 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Cyrus the Younger and his Persians: The Dynamics of Power Piotr Głogowski T IS NOTEWORTHY how little we know about Cyrus the Younger’s faction and those among Persians who sup- ported him in his attempt to wrest the kingship. keywords: abrocomas; army; artaxerxes; briant; campaign; cyrus; fact; greek; king; orontas; persian; phoenicia; rop; studies; war; xenophon cache: grbs-16382.pdf plain text: grbs-16382.txt item: #662 of 1726 id: grbs-16398 author: Diggle, James title: Four Notes on Herodotus date: 2020 words: 1581 flesch: 76 summary: Diggle ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 31–35 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Four Notes on Herodotus James Diggle I 1.66.1 οἷα δὲ ἔν τε χώρῃ ἀγαθῇ καὶ πλήθεϊ οὐκ ὀλίγῳ ἀνδρῶν ἀνά τε ἔδραµον αὐτίκα καὶ εὐθενήθησαν (v.l. εὐθην-). Powell, who understood what Herodotus is saying, gives the JAMES DIGGLE 35 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 31–35 sense “sally out. keywords: herodotus; sense; καὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-16398.pdf plain text: grbs-16398.txt item: #663 of 1726 id: grbs-16401 author: Leidholm, Nathan title: Artaxerxes in Constantinople: Basil I’s Genealogy and Byzantine Historical Memory of the Achaemenid Persians date: 2020 words: 10084 flesch: 58 summary: Though it has largely escaped notice in modern studies, Leo VI identifies the Artaxerxes in Synkellos’ chronicle not with Artaxerxes II, but with Artaxerxes I. Plutarch’s Life of Artaxerxes, which is otherwise dedicated to Artaxerxes II, begins with a brief notice celebrating the first Artaxerxes’ “gentleness and magnanimity” (Artax. 1.1). keywords: achaemenid; arsacid; artaxerxes; basil; byzantine; byzantium; century; claims; constantinople; cyrus; dynasty; empire; greek; king; leidholm; leo; persian; reign; roman; studies; synkellos; tradition; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-16401.pdf plain text: grbs-16401.txt item: #664 of 1726 id: grbs-16405 author: Kárpáti, András title: A pais kitharistēs on a Fifth-Century Krater: Innovation in Musical Contest Iconography and the ‘Thracian’ Kithara. date: 2020 words: 8244 flesch: 62 summary: 3–40, 161–166, 177–180; M. F. Vos, “Aulodic and Auletic Contests,” in H. A. G. Brijder (ed.), Enthousiasmos: Essays on Greek and Related Pottery presented to J. M. Hemelrijk (Amsterdam 1986) 121–130; H. Kotsidu, Die musischen Agone der Panathenäen in archaischer und I ANDRÁS KÁRPÁTI 499 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 498–525 merits close scrutiny because the painter depicted him with a so-called ‘hybrid’ kithara,4 the iconographic role of which in contest scenes is still not quite clear.5 Within a main group of 23 vases representing hybrid kitharas, we are now able to define a subgroup of eleven as ‘musical contest scenes with hybrid kithara’ (see Table 1). Th.Cc.53 pais 4? (frag- mentary) seated on hydria with sprig, an other pais with kithara, name inscriptions References to earlier lists containing musical contest scenes with hybrid kitharas: TPh = Talcott and Philppaki, Hesperia Suppl. keywords: bapd; century; chelys; chous; concert; contest; depictions; figure; greek; hybrid; instrument; kithara; krater; lyre; painter; pais; panathenaic; scenes; studies; vase cache: grbs-16405.pdf plain text: grbs-16405.txt item: #665 of 1726 id: grbs-16407 author: Acerbi, Fabio title: Ψευδαριθμός date: 2020 words: 2194 flesch: 69 summary: 191B4, now best read as scholium no. 230 in Tht. In their order of pub- lication, these editions are: Siebenkees’ Anecdota graeca (1798),7 Ruhnken’s Scholia in Platonem (1800),8 Gaisford’s catalogue of the Clarkian manuscripts in the Bodleian Library (1812),9 and Bekker’s edition of the Platonic dialogues supplemented with scholia (1823).10 Hermann’s own edition of the Platonic scholia appeared in 1853 as an appendix to the dialogues.11 Of those scholars, Gaisford alone did not print the scholium.12 4 Heiberg writes “ψευδαριθµῶν codd., corr. keywords: manuscripts; ruhnken; scholia; scholium; siebenkees; ψευδαρίων; ψευδαριθµῶν cache: grbs-16407.pdf plain text: grbs-16407.txt item: #666 of 1726 id: grbs-1641 author: Bassett, Sarah E. title: The Late Antique Image of Menander date: 2008 words: 8640 flesch: 61 summary: For Libanius’ use of Menander see S. G. Nervegna, Studies in the Recep- tion of Menander in Antiquity (diss. This lack 41 For Romans’ estimation of the value of Menander see Quint. keywords: antique; antiquity; b.c; century; context; early; figs; figure; image; menander; new; poet; portrait; richter; roman; smith; style cache: grbs-1641.pdf plain text: grbs-1641.txt item: #667 of 1726 id: grbs-16410 author: Poletti, Beatrice title: The Agency of Prayers: The Legend of M. Furius Camillus in Dionysius of Halicarnassus date: 2020 words: 10490 flesch: 57 summary: 1–64, with examples from both Greek and 378 THE AGENCY OF PRAYERS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 360–386 third components were interchangeable depending on the urgency of the petitioner’s wish.42 Compared to Greek prayers, Roman prayers could present a more elaborate invocatio, in which the precise identification of the deity called upon for help was felt as crucial.43 In case of uncertainty, the Roman custom was to supply a name ad hoc or use formulas including either gender.44 In complex invocations with multiple deities, the name of the individual gods preceded general divine categories.45 There were naturally differences between prayers composed for and recited in public liturgies and individual prayers; yet the latter, however ‘spontaneous’, appear to have been modelled on the same standard structure.46 Prayers or curses in magical contexts and defixiones were characterized by similar elements although they allowed for more flexibility and thus presented more numerous types and variations. Livy, followed by other sources, relates that before taking Veii Camillus had vowed a tenth of the plunder to Apollo. keywords: agency; beatrice; camillus; city; curse; defixiones; dionysius; gods; greek; hiera; justice; life; livy; magika; narrative; poletti; prayers; roman; rome; sources; studies; tablets; veii; versnel; καὶ; τὴν cache: grbs-16410.pdf plain text: grbs-16410.txt item: #668 of 1726 id: grbs-16418 author: Nassar, Mohammad; al-Bashaireh, Khaled; Harahsheh, Rafe; Hwari, Wasif title: The Mosaic Pavement at Girmil, Jordan: A Comparative Study date: 2020 words: 3495 flesch: 73 summary: Lion and bull Figure 5: Lion and bull, Girmil church ——— The top-most scene, below the inscription, is of a lion and bull in confrontation ( fig. 5). Figure 12, lions attacking men, Girmil church ——— Agricultural motifs Date palm harvest Figure 13: Laborer cutting palm, Girmil church ——— The second row portrays three palm trees, with a laborer cutting one of them ( fig. 13). keywords: byzantine; church; fig; figure; girmil; mosaic; red; scene; studies cache: grbs-16418.pdf plain text: grbs-16418.txt item: #669 of 1726 id: grbs-16419 author: Groß, Jonathan title: On the Transmission of Paeanius date: 2020 words: 8247 flesch: 65 summary: 81 Paeanius: L f. 214r–216v L f. 75v.16–35 keywords: breviarium; droysen; edition; esp; eutropius; greek; gregoras; john; lambros; latin; manuscript; paeanius; paianios; paragraph; roman; schulze; scribe; studies; text; transmission; καὶ cache: grbs-16419.pdf plain text: grbs-16419.txt item: #670 of 1726 id: grbs-16422 author: O'Connell, Peter title: How Often Did the Athenian Dikasteria Meet? A Reappraisal date: 2020 words: 6799 flesch: 67 summary: This leaves us with no decisive basis to calculate the minimum number of court days in the fourth century. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 324–341 more judges would have presented themselves if there were a limited number of court days a month, and if each day re- quired such a large number of judges that those who did show up were more likely to be selected for a dikasterion. keywords: athenian; athens; century; courts; days; dikasteria; evidence; festival; hansen; law; number; studies; trials cache: grbs-16422.pdf plain text: grbs-16422.txt item: #671 of 1726 id: grbs-16434 author: Morugina, Kseniia S. title: Patriarch Philotheus Kokkinos: A Comparison of Textual Versions of the Canon to St. Nicholas date: 2020 words: 4841 flesch: 77 summary: συνέλθωµεν ὕµνους ἐν θεοῖς οἱ γράφοντες ἐπιστήµην 700 PATRIARCH PHILOTHEOS KOKKINOS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 691–707 ἅπασαν ἅπαντας λογικὴν συγκροτοῦντες τὴν µόνην τῶν ὕµνων ἀρχὴν καὶ αἰτίαν ἀνυµνήσωµεν λαµπρῶς· τῇ παρθένῳ πᾶν ἐγκώµιον συνάγοντες, “Let us come together, those who compose hymns to the Divine, and conjointly adhering to all logic and knowl- edge let us hymn radiantly the only beginning and cause of hymns, those who compose every kind of laud for the Virgin.” Ὕπνον ὀφθαλµοῖς καὶ νυσταγµὸν βλεφάροις σοῖς οὐκ ἔδωκας, ἕως οὗ εὗρες τόπον ἄξιον. keywords: canon; codex; kokkinos; manuscript; morugina; nicholas; patriarch; philotheus; song; studies; text; vatican; εἰς; καὶ; σου; τοὺς; τοῦ; τὴν; τὸν; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-16434.pdf plain text: grbs-16434.txt item: #672 of 1726 id: grbs-16437 author: Berardi, Roberta title: Letters or Speeches? Four Τestimonia on Lysias’ Ἐρωτικά date: 2020 words: 6497 flesch: 62 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 342–359 existence of erotic letters attributed to Lysias, but it also shows how blurred the difference between erotic epistles (or ἐπιστολι- κοὶ λόγοι) and erotic speeches must have been in antiquity, and even more for us modern readers. Un- fortunately, the paucity of the information contained in Lysias’ fragments of alleged erotic speeches does not allow us to place any of them in the category of philosophical erotic speeches. keywords: epistles; erotic; fragments; isocrates; letters; lysianic; lysias; phaedrus; plato; production; speeches; studies; suda; works; καὶ cache: grbs-16437.pdf plain text: grbs-16437.txt item: #673 of 1726 id: grbs-16442 author: Duluş, Mircea G. title: Philagathos of Cerami, Procopius of Gaza, and the Rhetoric of Appropriation date: 2020 words: 9619 flesch: 67 summary: Φιλίππου νοµίµων κη- δευµάτων τεχθέν, ἀστεῖον µὲν καὶ τὴν ὄψιν οὐκ ἄωρον, ἄλλως δὲ ἰταµὸν35 καὶ προπετὲς καὶ ἀναίσχυντον, καὶ ὡς ἀληθῶς τῆς ἀσπίδος µητρὸς ἀπεικόνισµα. Photius in the ninth century praised Procopius’ poly- morphous corpus, which he qualified as “worthy of admiration and a source of imitation” (ἄξιον ζήλου καὶ µιµήσεως χρῆµα).4 In 2 On Procopius of Gaza see E. Amato (ed.), Rose di Gaza: gli scritti retorico- sofistici e le Epistole di Procopio di Gaza (Alessandria 2010); see also the thorough discussion in Procope de Gaza: Discours et fragments, texte établi, introduit et commenté par E. Amato, avec la collaboration de A. Corcella et G. Ventrella, traduit par P. Maréchaux (Paris 2014) XI–LXXXV; R. B. ter Haar Romeny, “Procopius of Gaza and his Library,” in H. Amirav et al. (eds.), From Rome to Constantinople: Studies in Honour of Averil Cameron (Leuven 2007) 174–190. keywords: 472–497; amato; byzantine; cerami; corcella; description; duluş; ekphrasis; filagato; gaza; greek; hom; homily; image; mircea; monody; philagathos; procopius; studies; µὲν; καὶ; πρὸς; τοῦ; τὴν; τὸν; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-16442.pdf plain text: grbs-16442.txt item: #674 of 1726 id: grbs-16450 author: Bremner, Sarah title: The Rhetoric of Athenian Identity in Demosthenes’ Early Assembly Speeches date: 2020 words: 11183 flesch: 57 summary: For the purposes of this paper, it does not matter which war Demosthenes refers to, but rather that he is presuming an expected behaviour that transcends a specific context. Bremner ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 544–573 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Rhetoric of Athenian Identity in Demosthenes’ Early Assembly Speeches Sarah Bremner EMOSTHENES’ DELIBERATIVE SPEECHES consistently engage with the rhetoric of identity to confront an internal crisis in the Athenian Assembly. keywords: assembly; athenian; athens; bremner; demosthenes; greek; herrman; identity; memory; men; past; philip; philippic; present; rhetoric; studies; war cache: grbs-16450.pdf plain text: grbs-16450.txt item: #675 of 1726 id: grbs-16455 author: Andolfi, Ilaria title: Uncovering Aristotle’s Debt to Protagoras (80A30 D.-K./D32 L.-M.) date: 2021 words: 3008 flesch: 59 summary: Andolfi ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 26–33 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Uncovering Aristotle’s Debt to Protagoras (80A30 D.-K./D32 L.-M.) Ilaria Andolfi HIS PAPER sets out to reveal a contribution made by the fifth-century sophist Protagoras to the field of literary scholarship, as described by Aristotle. The translation of ἐπεισόδιον in the Aristotle passage, and consequently in Protagoras’ fragment, varies in modern scholarship. keywords: achilles; aristotle; greek; iliad; narrative; passage; plato; protagoras; studies cache: grbs-16455.pdf plain text: grbs-16455.txt item: #676 of 1726 id: grbs-16467 author: Pizzone, Aglae title: Self-authorization and Strategies of Autography in John Tzetzes. The Logismoi Rediscovered date: 2020 words: 12742 flesch: 63 summary: For a description of Tzetzes’ exegetical work as a result of his own λογισµός see the first line of the poem opening his notes to Oppian’s Halieutica: A. Colonna, “Il commento di Giovanni Tzetzes agli Halieutica di Oppiano,” in Lanx satura: Nicolao Terzaghi oblata (Genoa 1963) 101–104. This model informs also exemplary authorial figures: for instance, literary creation emerges as a solitary endeavor in the portrait of Homer traced by Tzetzes in the scholia to the Plutus.105 Homer, the ideal 104 On Tzetzes and patronage see A. Rhoby, “Ioannes Tzetzes als Auftragsdichter,” Graeco-Latina Bruniensia 15 (2010) 155–170; V. F. Lovato, “From Cato to Plato and Back Again: Friendship and Patronage in Tzetzes’ Letters,” ClMed (forthcoming). keywords: aglae; aristophanes; author; book; byzantine; century; commentary; copies; copyist; fact; hermogenes; historiai; john; leone; lettore; lines; logismoi; luzzatto; nikephoros; pizzone; scholia; section; self; studies; text; tzetzes; vossianus; work; writing; καὶ; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-16467.pdf plain text: grbs-16467.txt item: #677 of 1726 id: grbs-16469 author: De Vos, Benjamin title: Achilles as an Allegorical Anti-Adam in the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies date: 2021 words: 8706 flesch: 62 summary: Vos ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 60 (2020) 160–182 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Achilles as an Allegorical Anti-Adam in the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies Benjamin De Vos n the Garden of Eden, the first couple Adam and Eve were troubled by the question whom they should believe, God or the serpent. In early Christian- ity, it was also the subject of various apocryphal texts like the Life of Adam and Eve or the Gnostic Apocalypse of Adam.2 1 On the reception of the story in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic traditions see H. N. Wallace et al., “Adam and Eve, Story of,” in C. Furey et al. (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception (Berlin 2009) 341–364; J. D. G. Dunn, “Adam,” and M. Meiser, “Adam and Eve,” in D. G. Hunter et al. (eds.), Brill Encyclopedia of Early Christianity Online (2018), consulted 13 March 2020. keywords: achilles; adam; appion; christian; clement; death; eve; genesis; greek; homilies; homilistic; lust; peter; polyxena; pseudo; roman; simon; story; studies; truth cache: grbs-16469.pdf plain text: grbs-16469.txt item: #678 of 1726 id: grbs-16471 author: Kurpios, Marcin title: Reconstructing the Transmission of Phylarchus’ Histories: Fr.53 and Polybius’ Habit in Quoting date: 2020 words: 10097 flesch: 63 summary: For Phylarchus’ fragments in Polybius Jacoby employed this three-stage explanatory tool rather moderately: apart from 2.62.2–9 (part of F 56) and 2.63.3 (part of F 58), which are printed in petit, no Phylarchan fragment from Polybius is marked with either of the different typescripts. 594–620 anyone simply reading F 53 in Jacoby’s format (or now that of BNJ), not to mention only the English translation in BNJ, it is hardly noticeable that Polybius shifts from a relatively faithful quotation to a redescriptive allusion.81 Second, I hope to have demonstrated that when we properly recognize the specific im- pact of Polybius as cover-text on his references, we are in a position to say with a high degree of probability where it does, and where it does not, imply misrepresentation. keywords: bnj; clause; content; form; fragments; greek; histories; narrative; obliqua; oratio; phylarchus; polybius; quotation; quoting; references; reporting; speech; studies; text; words; καὶ; φησί+aci cache: grbs-16471.pdf plain text: grbs-16471.txt item: #679 of 1726 id: grbs-16474 author: Chrysanthou, Chrysanthos S. title: Herodian and Cassius Dio: A Study of Herodian’s Compositional Devices date: 2020 words: 11529 flesch: 53 summary: The position and influence of imperial women over the principate in Herodian call for special note ___ σθαι ἐθελήσας ἐσέβαλεν ἐς τὴν Καληδονίαν. Nor is this the only place where Herodian suppresses defamatory material about Severus, in order to foster a more positive reading of the em- peror.61 Herodian’s omissions may also result in considerable differ- ences of interpretation concerning the motivation of individual actions. keywords: account; caracalla; cassius dio; commodus; death; dio; elagabalus; emperor; ereignis; greek; herodian; hidber; history; kaiser; macrinus; marcus; narrative; roman; scott; severus; studies; und; zimmermann; καὶ cache: grbs-16474.pdf plain text: grbs-16474.txt item: #680 of 1726 id: grbs-16477 author: Fries, Almut title: A Planudean Edition of Pindar? The Evidence of Parisinus gr. 2403 date: 2020 words: 3607 flesch: 69 summary: The influence of Vi on the text of the ‘Paris recension’ Pythian 2 65 ἱπποσόοισιν VsVi : ἱπποσόαισιν V cett. recte 29 ποσειδάονι VCNØ (+ L) : ποσειδάωνι Vi cett. keywords: byzantine; cett; irigoin; paris; pindar; planudes; pythian; recension; recte cache: grbs-16477.pdf plain text: grbs-16477.txt item: #681 of 1726 id: grbs-16481 author: Adams, William H. title: Eileos in the Internal Affections of Hippocrates date: 2020 words: 6489 flesch: 53 summary: This categorization would equate the prominent edema in the present cases, identified herein as due to kidney disease, with the blockage of transit and excretion of intestinal contents in intestinal ileus, the common mechanism of the two being prevention of their normal discharge.6 II. This textbook reviews the early discoveries of Dr. Richard Bright and others regarding kidney disease and its association with ascites and albuminuria. keywords: 526–543; affections; disease; edema; failure; greek; hippocratic; kidney; milk; patient; retention; studies; εἰλεός cache: grbs-16481.pdf plain text: grbs-16481.txt item: #682 of 1726 id: grbs-16498 author: Jesus, Carlos A. M. title: A New Manuscript of the Septuagint and the First Two Editions of the Greek Bible date: 2020 words: 9414 flesch: 60 summary: Recently, however, Hernández Muñoz has argued for a close relationship between MS. 442 and the Polyglot (and also the Aldine) in the editing of 3 Macc, noting that the Compluten- sian edition agrees, in many cases, with MS. 442pc, even if, in ___ Sources 7–10, and L. Gil Fernández, “A cuento del centenario del texto griego de la Políglota Complutense,” CFC(G) 25 (2015) 291–300. 108 and 442 (the latter as an apograph of MS. 68), in Vol. II of the Polyglot.52 The question that still needs to be answered—and which can finally begin to be explored—is exactly how far MS. keywords: 718–744; alcalá; aldine; books; chapter; codex; greek; madrid; manuscript; musurus; polyglot; septuagint; studies; text; use cache: grbs-16498.pdf plain text: grbs-16498.txt item: #683 of 1726 id: grbs-16502 author: Wijk, Roy van title: Risky Business: Xenophon’s Picture of Thrasybulus in the Theban Embassy of 395 BCE date: 2021 words: 9304 flesch: 59 summary: 383–701. 12 Schepens, in Xenophon 213–241, for the satire; Frances Pownall, Lessons from the Past: The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century Prose (Ann Arbor 2004), for moralising tendencies in Xenophon and his willingness to omit parts of history that modern scholars would find essential, e.g. the formation of the Second Athenian League. Wijk ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 1–25 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Risky Business: Xenophon’s Picture of Thrasybulus in the Theban Embassy of 395 BCE Roy van Wijk HE SPEECH given by an anonymous Theban ambas- sador before the Athenian Assembly in 395 BCE, as reported by Xenophon in his Hellenica (3.5.7–16), has sparked intense debate over the years. keywords: 1–25; alliance; assembly; athenian; athens; business; decision; democracy; empire; greek; pericles; risk; spartans; speech; studies; theban; thrasybulus; thucydides; war; xenophon cache: grbs-16502.pdf plain text: grbs-16502.txt item: #684 of 1726 id: grbs-16505 author: Bilić, Tomislav title: Pytheas and Hecataeus: Visions of the North in the Late Fourth Century B.C. date: 2020 words: 7651 flesch: 62 summary: fr.61 Dicks, more than 19 hours (D. R. Dicks, Geographical Fragments of Hipparchus [London 1960] 190; Roseman, Pytheas 44–45); Plin. B. = T 5 R. (Dicks, Hipparchus 190; Roseman, Pytheas 44–45). keywords: account; arctic; bilić; bnj; britain; geography; greek; hecataeus; hyperboreans; island; movement; north; pytheas; studies; sun; thule cache: grbs-16505.pdf plain text: grbs-16505.txt item: #685 of 1726 id: grbs-1651 author: Peek, Phillip S. title: Propriety, Impropriety, and the Gaining of Kleos in the Phaiakian Episode date: 2003 words: 11157 flesch: 67 summary: For this contention to be correct, however, Homer must create in his listeners the expectation that the Phaiakians, hyper-civilized though they be, are not inclined to give Odysseus gifts, especially since we have been told by Zeus that the Phaiakians will honor him like a god, return him home, and give him gifts (5.35–40). In the first (13.134–138), Poseidon, addressing Zeus, is piqued because the Phaiakians have given Odysseus transport and gifts. keywords: alkinoös; athene; characters; epic; gaining; gifts; gods; homer; impropriety; odysseus; odyssey; penelope; phaiakians; return; suitors; supra; telemachos cache: grbs-1651.pdf plain text: grbs-1651.txt item: #686 of 1726 id: grbs-16511 author: Mitrea, Mihail title: Monasticism and Kinship in Byzantine Hesychastic Hagiography date: 2021 words: 9712 flesch: 54 summary: 2. Family ties recast If a lay family could oppose one’s decision to take monastic vows and even convince a monastic to give up the solitary way of life, this danger seems to have been reduced or absent in the case of family members who took monastic vows together. Unlike western (Latin) monasticism in the Middle Ages, Byzantine monastic life was not organized in separate orders (e.g. Franciscan, Dominican, Benedictine), but followed the Rule of St Basil of Caesarea. keywords: byzantine; family; greek; gregory; holy; kinship; kokkinos; life; man; mitrea; monastic; monasticism; palamas; parents; sabas; studies; talbot; thessalonike; ties; tsames; way; καὶ cache: grbs-16511.pdf plain text: grbs-16511.txt item: #687 of 1726 id: grbs-16513 author: Cristini, Marco title: Totila and the Lucanian Peasants: Procopius Goth. 3.22.20 date: 2021 words: 4258 flesch: 64 summary: τῆς τε φιλανθρωπίας ἐπῄνεσε καὶ πολλὰ µέν οἱ διὰ τοῦτο πρὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ἰσχυρίσατο τἀγαθὰ ἔσεσθαι, “Coming to his master, he praised him for his kindness and declared that on account of this God would bestow upon him many blessings.” Goth. Cristini ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 73–84 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Totila and the Lucanian Peasants: Procopius Goth. keywords: blessings; fields; good; goth; land; masters; peasants; procopius; roman; studies; tenants; totila; vand; τἀγαθὰ; ἔσεσθαι cache: grbs-16513.pdf plain text: grbs-16513.txt item: #688 of 1726 id: grbs-16518 author: Domaradzki, Mikolaj title: Plutarch’s Fragment 157 and Epideictic date: 2021 words: 10290 flesch: 61 summary: See also J. M. Dillon, “Plutarch and Platonism,” in Companion to Plutarch 61–72, at 61, and M. Domaradzki, “Marrying Stoicism with Platonism? If Plutarch possessed ___ recently, J. M. Dillon, The Middle Platonists (Ithaca 1996) 184–230, and in Companion to Plutarch 61–72. keywords: account; allegoresis; domaradzki; example; festival; fr.157; fragment; goddess; gods; greek; hera; hymns; leto; marriage; menander; mikolaj; myth; plutarch; studies; zeus cache: grbs-16518.pdf plain text: grbs-16518.txt item: #689 of 1726 id: grbs-16519 author: Iglesias-Zoido, Juan Carlos title: Christophoros Kondoleon’s Model of Military Oratory and its Tradition date: 2021 words: 9612 flesch: 51 summary: The analysis of this section of Kondoleon’s Ἐκλογή brings to the fore the existence of a rhetorical model of military speech which allows us to study the lens through which a sixteenth-century Greek erudite viewed the Homeric speeches as exhortative examples, thus highlight- ing the manner in which he read, selected, and reinterpreted certain epic passages with the rhetorical tradition in mind. Influenced by the Classical tradition, authors of all kinds wrote military speeches, in verse and in T 86 KONDOLEON’S MODEL OF MILITARY ORATORY ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 85–109 prose, about ancient and contemporary subjects.1 keywords: 85–109; agamemnon; analysis; ekl; general; greek; homer; iglesias; kondoleon; model; oratory; passages; renaissance; rhetorical; speech; speeches; studies; tradition; works; zoido; καὶ; ἐκλογή cache: grbs-16519.pdf plain text: grbs-16519.txt item: #690 of 1726 id: grbs-16523 author: Zellmann-Rohrer, Michael Wesley; Martínez-Chico, David title: A Sicilian Amulet in Madrid and its Tradition date: 2021 words: 3546 flesch: 63 summary: | µα | µω | ων | | ηηω̣ | µα | µω | ων̣ keywords: amulet; anguipede; figure; giannobile; greek; group; roman; sign; studies cache: grbs-16523.pdf plain text: grbs-16523.txt item: #691 of 1726 id: grbs-16526 author: Haubold, Johannes title: Impressive and Obscure: Three Christian Sources in Eustathius’ Proem to a Commentary on Pindar date: 2021 words: 8107 flesch: 63 summary: 31.2.5 (VI 204.19–205.6 Usener/Radermacher): ζηλωτὸς δὲ καὶ Πίνδαρος ὀνοµάτων καὶ νοηµάτων εἵνεκα, καὶ µεγαλοπρεπείας καὶ τόνου καὶ περιουσίας κατασκευῆς καὶ δυνάµεως, καὶ πικρίας µετὰ ἡδονῆς· καὶ πυκνότητος καὶ σεµνότητος, καὶ γνωµολογίας καὶ ἐναργείας, καὶ σχηµα- τισµῶν καὶ ἠθοποιίας καὶ αὐξήσεως καὶ δεινώσεως (“Pindar too is worthy of emulation on account of his language and thought, and his grand manner and forcefulness and the impressiveness of his poetic apparatus and his power, and for his bitterness tempered with pleasure, and his compactness and solemnity, and his maxims and vividness, and his novel formations and character portrayals and amplifications and emotional impact”). However, these passages do not work equally well, and Eusta- thius acknowledges as much in the way he frames them: οἷον…; τοιοῦτόν τι καὶ τὸ…; ἔχοι δ’ ἂν οὕτω συµβιβάσαι τις καὶ τὸ… Note the progressively more detailed, and more guarded, nature of Eustathius’ comments. keywords: basil; byzantine; christian; commentary; discussion; eustathius; greek; gregory; haubold; obscurity; passage; pindar; poetry; proem; sources; studies; style; καὶ; οὐδενὸς; πρὸς; τῶν cache: grbs-16526.pdf plain text: grbs-16526.txt item: #692 of 1726 id: grbs-16527 author: Spelman, Henry title: Of Armpits and the Origins of Comedy: Aristophanes fr. 264 and 265 date: 2021 words: 4893 flesch: 63 summary: If Aristopha- nes’ comic chorus, adorned as elaborately as tragic forerunners, described the primitive costumes of older comic choruses, then fr.264 was making a deeply Aristophanic point about dramatic history: comedy was once something trivial and shabby, but it now stands on the same high level as its more prestigious generic older brother.13 Pherecrates fr.199 offers a strikingly similar description: ὁ χορὸς δ’ αὐτοῖς εἶχεν δάπιδας ῥυπαρὰς καὶ στρωµατόδεσµα, “their chorus used to have dirty rugs and bed sacks.” In keeping with the self-reflexive poetics of the parabasis, fr.265 was also probably concerned not with older poets generally but with older comic poets in particular. keywords: aristophanes; armpits; cambridge; chorus; comedy; danaids; food; fr.264; history; origins; pherecrates; spelman; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-16527.pdf plain text: grbs-16527.txt item: #693 of 1726 id: grbs-16530 author: Gibson, Craig A. title: New Testament Miracles in the Ethopoeiae of Nikephoros Basilakes date: 2021 words: 9536 flesch: 59 summary: In the biblical story, Mary informs Jesus that the wedding has run out of wine and directs the servants to follow his instructions; Basilakes depicts her as not only informing Jesus of the situation but persuading him to reveal his power now and thereby honor her as his mother, the Theotokos. Similarly, Irenaeus says that Jesus was not ready to “partake of the cup, which would have so much emblematic 238 NEW TESTAMENT MIRACLES IN BASILAKES ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 224–248 significance later on,” and Augustine says that the “hour” to which Jesus refers is the hour of his crucifixion.11 Basilakes’ closest approach to a metaphorical interpretation of the wine is when his Mary asks the guests to “drink deeply of the wine; drink even more deeply of the miracle” (τοῦ θαύµατος, 8.4) and “drink of this new wine, but before that, drink of faith” (τῆς πίστεως, 8.5). keywords: basilakes; biblical; ethopoeia; future; greek; hades; jesus; john; man; mary; miracles; mother; past; present; studies; testament; zacharias; καὶ cache: grbs-16530.pdf plain text: grbs-16530.txt item: #694 of 1726 id: grbs-16531 author: Faraone, Christopher A. title: Four Missing Persons, a Misunderstood Mummy, and Further Adventures in Greek Magical Texts date: 2021 words: 5774 flesch: 63 summary: After a series of magical names we read κατάσχες τοὺς θυµοὺς Τασοι (“Restrain the angry outbursts of Τaso!”).4 On the ob- 3 Many thanks to Jaime Curbera, who in an e-mail notes that this is the genitive of the masculine name Εὐφράτας, which is “usually documented in the Doric form. The first eight lines are in Greek and invoke a series of magical names, 16 See C. A. Faraone and J. Rife, “A Greek Curse against a Thief from the North Cemetery at Roman Kenchreai,” ZPE 160 (2007) 141–157, with many additional parallels. keywords: amulet; curse; drawing; faraone; figure; gem; goddess; greek; names; recipe; roman; studies; sword; text cache: grbs-16531.pdf plain text: grbs-16531.txt item: #695 of 1726 id: grbs-16537 author: Villa, Eugenio title: A Note on Digenis Akritas G 5.242 and Z 6.1813 date: 2021 words: 3610 flesch: 70 summary: This paper aims to reject one of these, namely his proposal to insert Z 6.1813 after G 5.241 and to relocate G 5.242 after G 5.244. I will do so by showing that G 5.242 and Z 6.1813 derive from the same line in the common ancestor γ and that, between the two, the former probably retains the text of γ, while the latter innovates on it. keywords: akritas; byzantine; digenis; line; trapp; version; καὶ cache: grbs-16537.pdf plain text: grbs-16537.txt item: #696 of 1726 id: grbs-16538 author: Kruse, Marion title: Xiphilinos’ Agency in the Epitome of Cassius Dio date: 2021 words: 10616 flesch: 55 summary: Xiphilinos reshapes Dio’s account through exclusion, re- ordering, and active intervention. For Caesar, these failings are implied to be part of his character, but for Pompey Xiphilinos is explicit that they represent a change, reinforcing the impli- cation of his narrative of Pompey’s arrival at Brundisium. keywords: account; agency; battle; byzantine; caesar; carrhae; cassius; cassius dio; century; crassus; dio; eleventh; epitome; history; kruse; michael; narrative; pompey; republic; roman; studies; text; vii; war; xiphilinos; καὶ cache: grbs-16538.pdf plain text: grbs-16538.txt item: #697 of 1726 id: grbs-16540 author: Fries, Almut title: The Mountain in Labour: A Possible Graeco-Anatolian Myth date: 2021 words: 8381 flesch: 68 summary: But otherwise we would still have to assume that the inventor of the fable and/or the proverb of the mountain and the mouse was familiar with a narrative like that of Wāšitta because the motif of the ‘mountain in labour’ is alien to Greek myth (cf. 437 above). Of mice and mountains in Greek Lucian in his satirical essay Πῶς δεῖ ἱστορίαν συγγράφειν (How to Write History) uses the proverb in a context that is similar to Horace’s (23): καὶ µὴν καὶ ἄλλους ἴδοις ἂν τὰ µὲν προοίµια λαµπρὰ καὶ τραγικὰ καὶ εἰς ὑπερβολὴν µακρὰ συγγράφοντας, ὡς ἐλπίσαι θαυµαστὰ ἡλίκα τὰ µετὰ ταῦτα πάντως ἀκούσεσθαι, τὸ σῶµα δὲ αὐτὸ τὸ τῆς ἱστορίας µικρόν τι καὶ ἀγεννὲς ἐπαγαγόντας … εὐθὺς γοῦν οἱ ἀκούσαντες ἐπιφθέγγονται αὐτοῖς τὸ keywords: 423–445; birth; cth; fable; god; greek; hittite; kumarbi; labour; mountain; mouse; myth; proverb; song; storm; studies cache: grbs-16540.pdf plain text: grbs-16540.txt item: #698 of 1726 id: grbs-16544 author: Horn, Fabian title: “On a Razor’s Edge” (Il. 10.173): Iliadic Images of Imbalance and Uncertainty date: 2021 words: 3635 flesch: 58 summary: What motivates the metaphor of the scales of Zeus, or the metaphor of the razor used by Nestor in Iliad 10?” 7 For the general theory of conceptual metaphors see the seminal works G. Lakoff and M. Johnson, Metaphors We Live By (Amsterdam 1980); G. Lakoff and M. Turner, More than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor (Chicago 1989); and G. Lakoff, “The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor,” in A. Ortony (ed.), Metaphor and Thought 2 (Cambridge 1993) 202–251. I use the convention of cognitive linguistics to print conceptual metaphors (as opposed to linguistic, or textual, metaphors) in small capitals in order to indicate that they do not appear as such in texts but are deduced from individual textual metaphors. keywords: edge; greek; image; metaphor; razor; scales; ἐπὶ cache: grbs-16544.pdf plain text: grbs-16544.txt item: #699 of 1726 id: grbs-16547 author: Ge, Tianqin title: How Does Syrianus Conceive of Aristotle’s Theory of the Unmoved Mover: Polemical or Reconciliatory? date: 2021 words: 11065 flesch: 55 summary: 54.12–13; C. Luna, Trois études sur la tradition des com- mentaires anciens à la Métaphysique d’Aristote (Leiden 2001) 72–98; D. O’Meara and J. M. Dillon, Syrianus: On Aristotle Metaphysics 3–4 (London 2008) 8–9; C. D’Ancona Costa, “Commenting on Aristotle: From Late Antiquity to the Arab Aristotelianism,” in W. Geerlings et al. (eds.), Der Kommentar in Antike und Mittelalter: Beiträge zu seiner Erforschung (Leiden 2002) 201–251, at 207– 212. 1 See e.g. J. M. Dillon and D. O’Meara, Syrianus: On Aristotle Metaphysics 13–14 (London 2006) keywords: 315–343; ammonius; aristotle; attitude; causality; cause; commentary; metaph; metaphysics; mover; passage; reconciliatory; studies; syrianus; things; καὶ cache: grbs-16547.pdf plain text: grbs-16547.txt item: #700 of 1726 id: grbs-16553 author: Bardi, Juan Bautista title: Escaping the Polis: A Legal Interpretation of Aristippus’ Philosophy date: 2021 words: 7547 flesch: 57 summary: Therefore, while under Athenian eyes Aristippus’ xenos would be considered a non-resident foreigner, this category alone is insufficient to explain his proposal. Bardi ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 475–495 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Escaping the Polis: A Legal Interpretation of Aristippus’ Philosophy Juan Bautista Bardi OOK 2 of Xenophon’s Memorabilia starts by describing a conversation held between Socrates and one of his most controversial disciples: Aristippus of Cyrene. keywords: aristippus; athenian; athens; citizenship; cyrenaic; diog; foreigner; greek; laert; law; life; polis; proposal; socrates; ssr; studies; xenophon cache: grbs-16553.pdf plain text: grbs-16553.txt item: #701 of 1726 id: grbs-16557 author: Meeusen, Michiel; Oikonomopoulou, Katerina; Silvano, Luigi title: The Prefaces to Pseudo-Alexander of Aphrodisias’ Medical Puzzles and Natural Problems Books 1 and 2: Greek Text, Translation, and Interpretation. date: 2021 words: 12002 flesch: 66 summary: Both prefaces contain vivid natural imagery, appealing to the reader’s senses: the first preface’s abundant examples (§§2–5, 8–10) invite the reader to imagine the colours, shapes, sounds, tastes, and textures of the animals, plants, or inanimate objects that are found in nature, towards understanding what natural philosophy and medicine can contribute to their investigation; in the second preface too, the striking images of the sun’s ray that immerses itself in water and of the sun’s brilliance that is hidden behind a cloud (§4) exploit the reader’s visual faculty in order to make a philosophical point about the soul’s purity (and, by analogy, about medicine’s ‘purity’ as a science). This point is illustrated through the use of an elaborate analogy with the sun’s ray passing through water (according to which the water’s blurriness or clarity affects the ray’s visibility, but does not change its essence): in just the same way, the soul’s essence is thought to remain unaffected by matter (the body), and, similarly, medicine retains its credentials as a science, even if these credentials can be “blurred” by its preoccupation with matter (§§4–5). keywords: aristotle; author; body; galen; greek; medicine; meeusen; naturalist; oikonomopoulou; praef; preface; problemata; problems; puzzles; science; second; silvano; soul; studies; µὲν; γὰρ; καὶ; πρὸς; τοῖς; τὴν; τῶν cache: grbs-16557.pdf plain text: grbs-16557.txt item: #702 of 1726 id: grbs-16558 author: Wu, Gang title: How Did Byzantines Weave? A Synthesis of Textual, Pictorial, Ethnographic, and Archaeological Evidence date: 2021 words: 8930 flesch: 59 summary: Since no specification is provided by the context, we may assume that he was describing a general feature of Byzantine weaving. A Homeric pin beater was generally stick-like or pointed at one end or both, although this could have varied depending on the specific task to be performed.18 From Psellos and Tzetzes’ texts we do not clearly know the functions of the pin beater, but it appears that this accessory tool of the Homeric warp-weighted loom had persisted into Byzantine weaving. keywords: 368–395; beater; berber; byzantine; evidence; fig; loom; pin; practice; roman; silk; studies; textiles; thebes; use; vertical; warp; weave; weaving; weft cache: grbs-16558.pdf plain text: grbs-16558.txt item: #703 of 1726 id: grbs-16560 author: Kaczyńska, Elwira title: Reflections on a Cretan Gloss Denoting a Salt Source date: 2022 words: 4247 flesch: 76 summary: Αλµυρός/Αρµυρός, salt springs and marshes located ca. Αλµυρός/Αρµυρός, salt springs and marshes located ca. keywords: anatolian; cretan; gloss; greek; hittite; river; salt; source; studies; αλµυρός cache: grbs-16560.pdf plain text: grbs-16560.txt item: #704 of 1726 id: grbs-16563 author: Kuhn-Treichel, Thomas title: Between Philosophy and Heroism: Gregory of Nazianzus on his Suffering in the Letters and Poems date: 2021 words: 9842 flesch: 65 summary: La tentata lapidazione nella Pasqua del 379,” Cassio- dorus 4 (1998) 211–223; A. Hofer, “The Stoning of Christ and Gregory of Nazianzus,” in C. A. Beeley (ed.), Re-Reading Gregory of Nazianzus: Essays on History, Theology and Culture (Washington 2012) 143–158. KuhnTr ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 287–314 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Between Philosophy and Heroism: Gregory of Nazianzus on his Suffering in the Letters and Poems Thomas Kuhn-Treichel REGORY OF NAZIANZUS, judging from his writings, must have been a man who suffered a lot. keywords: carm; case; genre; greek; gregory; heroes; heroism; homeric; kuhn; letters; model; nazianzus; philosophy; poems; self; storin; studies; suffering; treichel; way; καὶ; πολλὰ; πόλλ cache: grbs-16563.pdf plain text: grbs-16563.txt item: #705 of 1726 id: grbs-16572 author: Kucharski, Janek title: Hyperides and Aristophon: An Uneasy History date: 2021 words: 8475 flesch: 65 summary: But it also raises a non-negligible objection: if indeed Hyperides prosecuted Aristophon twice, why would he choose to impress the jurors with a defeat, albeit a close one, and not with the case in which he was victorious?6 Hansen’s implicit answer to this question (as he never raises it explicitly) is that in the speech for Euxenippus Hyperides’ objective is to discuss “the right use of the eisangelia” (Eisangelia 99), which in turn mandates that all the examples he produces—Aristophon, Diopeithes, and Philocrates—belong to this type of trial, even though only the last of them is explicitly identified as such. Kucharski ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 263–286 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Hyperides and Aristophon: An Uneasy History Janek Kucharski RISTOPHON OF AZENIA is a figure familiar to most classicists for three reasons: the re-enactment of Peri- cles’ citizenship law (403 B.C.), his biblical longevity (ca. 430–330),1 and the anecdote about his seventy-five acquittals in trials for an unlawful decree (graphe paranomon).2 In this last accomplishment his only nemesis appears to have been the orator Hyperides, the single litigant ever mentioned in the sources to have secured Aristophon’s conviction by way of such prosecution. keywords: aristophon; case; dem; eisangelia; euxenippus; graphe; greek; hansen; history; hunziker; hyperides; paranomon; prosecution; scholiast; scholion; studies; trial; καὶ; παρανόµων cache: grbs-16572.pdf plain text: grbs-16572.txt item: #706 of 1726 id: grbs-16585 author: Taida, Ichiro title: ευ or εου in the Homeric Hymn to Pan date: 2022 words: 5614 flesch: 76 summary: While in Homer the present participle of εἰµί is ἐών (ἐoῦσα, ἐόν), the poet of Pan used the Atticism ὢν at line 32.30 While χεῖρα is used in Homer,31 the poet of Pan used χέρα at 40.32 In Homer, 28 Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 62 (2022) 132–147 numbers indicate that Pan was composed later.36 From a study of the presence or absence of digamma, Allen and Sikes con- cluded that “H. Pan cannot belong to an early epic date. keywords: century; date; greek; herm; homeric; hymns; pan; studies; west; εου cache: grbs-16585.pdf plain text: grbs-16585.txt item: #707 of 1726 id: grbs-16589 author: Nassar, Mohammad; al-Bashaireh, Khaled; Shalabi, Muhammad title: The Mosaic Designs of the Kufer-Jayez Church, Jordan date: 2021 words: 6456 flesch: 71 summary: Two examples are at Madaba: in the nave of the Cathedral-Baptistery Chapel, scenes of daily life include ducks and other birds, the colors grey, black, dark red, and yellow;66 and the four-trees panel of 60 R. Hachlili, “On the Mosaicists of the ‘School of Gaza’,” Eretz Israel 19 (1987) 46, 49, 51, 53, and Ancient Mosaic Pavements fig. AL-BASHAIREH, M. SHALABI 559 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 551–579 Figure 14: Fan motif, Kufer-Jayez 6th cent.); there the fan motif consists of ten blades colored in black, light and dark red, and yellow.15 Another such motif is found in the nave of Basilica A at Chersonisos, Crete (late 5th/ early 6th cent.).16 Shield of squares motif This motif consists of 80 squares, in contrasting colors like a checkerboard, distributed in four concentric circles; the colors are dark red, black, and yellow ( fig.15). keywords: byzantine; church; colors; fig; figure; greek; jayez; jordan; kufer; mosaics; motif; nassar; studies cache: grbs-16589.pdf plain text: grbs-16589.txt item: #708 of 1726 id: grbs-16591 author: Cole, Juan title: Dyed in Virtue: The Qur’ān and Plato’s Republic date: 2021 words: 8743 flesch: 62 summary: al-bayān ῾an tawīl āy al-Qur’ān, ed. Cole ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 61 (2021) 580–604 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Dyed in Virtue: The Qur’ān and Plato’s Republic Juan Cole HE QUR’ĀN’S CHAPTER “The Cow” contains a verse (2:138) having to do with believers being dyed with the dye of God, which has occasioned speculation both among Muslim exegetes and academic scholars. keywords: abraham; arabic; aramaic; christian; cole; divine; dye; god; greek; juan; logos; plato; qur’ān; roman; studies; things; virtue; word cache: grbs-16591.pdf plain text: grbs-16591.txt item: #709 of 1726 id: grbs-16597 author: Rendina, Simone title: Pyrrhus’ Cold Wars (Plutarch Pyrrhus 12) date: 2022 words: 7790 flesch: 64 summary: However, as Plutarch declared in the introduction to the Life of Nicias, he had no intention to measure himself against Thucydides’ skills (Nic. 1), so he may have intentionally avoided discussing Thu- cydides’ interpretation of the Peace of Nicias.36 Plutarch admired Thucydides’ historiographical vision and literary style too much to tackle it critically. For the restless ambition of Pyrrhus according to Plutarch see P. Toohey, “Plutarch, Pyrrh. keywords: ambition; demetrius; greek; hieronymus; life; lysimachus; lévêque; passage; peace; plutarch; polybius; pyrrhus; studies; thucydides; war; wars; καὶ; πλεονεξία cache: grbs-16597.pdf plain text: grbs-16597.txt item: #710 of 1726 id: grbs-16600 author: Lenfant, Dominique title: Eunuchs as Guardians of Women in Achaemenid Persia: Orientalism and Back Projection in Modern Scholarship date: 2021 words: 6700 flesch: 64 summary: Since our sources on eunuchs in the Persian Empire are almost exclusively classical,3 the question to which we may 1 E. D. Hunt, “Eunuchs,” OCD3 (1996) 569, unchanged in the 4th on-line- edition of 2012. More recently, as already seen, Llewellyn-Jones, in Eunuchs in Antiquity 34, although not especially critical of classical sources (and thus writing from a different perspective than did Sancisi-Weerdenburg), invoked the connection between women and eunuchs “found in the ancient sources.” keywords: bed; concubines; ctesias; eunuchs; greek; guardians; harem; king; lenfant; les; persian; studies; wives; women cache: grbs-16600.pdf plain text: grbs-16600.txt item: #711 of 1726 id: grbs-16601 author: Vujčić, Nemanja title: The City of Pelion and the Illyrian War of Alexander date: 2021 words: 11144 flesch: 66 summary: B.C. papyrus: W. Clarysse and G. Schepens, “A Ptolemaic Fragment of an Alexander History,” ChrÉg 60 (1985) 30–47; except for one important de- tail, discussed below, this badly damaged text is of limited use as a historical source. After making the necessary arrangements concerning the subjugated peoples, Alexander began the homeward march, at which point the 1 ἅµα δὲ τῷ ἦρι ἐλαύνειν ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης, ἐς Τριβαλλοὺς καὶ Ἰλλυριούς, ὅτι τε νεωτερίζειν ἐπύθετο Ἰλλυριούς τε καὶ Τριβαλλούς, keywords: alexander; anab; army; arrian; campaign; city; cleitus; dardani; greek; hammond; history; illyrians; king; kingdom; lake; macedonia; nemanja; pelion; prespa; river; south; studies; war cache: grbs-16601.pdf plain text: grbs-16601.txt item: #712 of 1726 id: grbs-16603 author: Cadili, Luca title: The Second Strophe of Philodamus of Scarphea’s Paean to Dionysus: A Further Note date: 2022 words: 1626 flesch: 75 summary: On the one hand, in Greek tragic poetry Κάδµου χθών, the periphrasis indicating Thebes, is never com- pleted with an adjective;9 on the other hand, πολυήρατος is never attested in extant Greek tragic poetry, being instead quite frequent in Homer and early epic poems, and not wholly unknown also to lyric poets.10 Philodamus would thus have grafted a non-tragic word into a typically tragic wording. In line 10 (verses 16–17) the noun Εὔβο]ια is sided by an adjective (καλλίκαρπος), and in lines 12–13 “the country of the Delphians” ([Δελφῶ]ν χώρα) is said to be “holy” and “blessed” (ἱερὰ µάκαιρα) “amid the loud-resounding hymns” 5 E. Diehl, Anthologia Lyrica Graeca II.6 keywords: dionysus; line; paean; philodamus; word cache: grbs-16603.pdf plain text: grbs-16603.txt item: #713 of 1726 id: grbs-16604 author: Bagnall, Roger; Caputo, Clementina title: The Great Oasis in the Later Fourth Century date: 2021 words: 8792 flesch: 65 summary: Ceramic ma- terials seem to be more varied, in terms of Egyptian and local productions, as well as a few imports from the eastern Mediterranean, see Douch III; B. Gehad, M. Wuttmann, H. Whitehouse, M. Foad, and S. Marchand, “Wall- Paintings in a Roman House of Ancient Kysis, Kharga Oasis,” BIFAO 113 (2013) 157–182. 75 A. Fakhry, The Necropolis of El-Bagawat in Kharga Oasis (Cairo 1951); G. E. Bowen, “The Church of Deir Abu Metta and a Christian Cemetery in Dakhleh Oasis: A Brief Report,” Bull. keywords: bagnall; byzantine; caputo; century; dakhla; egypt; greek; kharga; kharga oasis; north; oasis; period; roman; studies; tax cache: grbs-16604.pdf plain text: grbs-16604.txt item: #714 of 1726 id: grbs-1661 author: Slater, William J. title: Split-vision: Secondary Action in Greek Tragedy date: 2003 words: 12073 flesch: 59 summary: Normally this doubling of stage action would be avoided, since it may result in lack of audience concentration and become an 26 Prof. C. M. Marshall asks why e.g. Pylades in Electra would not be just as intriguing. Here there is plenty of room for telling stage action. keywords: action; audience; character; chorus; electra; euripides; greek; menelaus; orestes; performance; play; silence; slater; split; stage; supra; text; tragedy; vision cache: grbs-1661.pdf plain text: grbs-1661.txt item: #715 of 1726 id: grbs-16610 author: Monte, Anna title: Medical Recipes for All Occasions: A receptarium from Tebtunis? (P.CtYBR inv. 1443) date: 2022 words: 10828 flesch: 76 summary: On Greek medical recipes and recep- taria see M.-H. Marganne, “Étiquettes de medicaments, listes de drogues, prescriptions et réceptaires dans l’Égypte gréco-romaine et byzantine,” in F. Collard et al. (eds.), Pharmacopoles et apothicaires. to line 3. ̣ ̣[ ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ ] ̣ [ ̣ ] ὁ̣µοῦ: the adverb ὁ̣µοῦ is usually accompanied, in medical recipes, by the participle or the imperative of verbs such as λεαίνω, µείγνυµι, τρίβω, or κόπτω (cf. keywords: archigenes; byzantine; comp.med.sec.loc; gal; greek; hand; hanson; library; line; monte; occasions; papyri; papyrus; recipes; studies; use; xii; xxviii; ̣ ̣; καὶ cache: grbs-16610.pdf plain text: grbs-16610.txt item: #716 of 1726 id: grbs-16611 author: Fernández, Tomás; Maksimczuk, José title: Duplicated Excerpts in Byzantine Anthologies: A Typological Study date: 2022 words: 6660 flesch: 73 summary: The compiler of Cat. Rom. employed qu. I.27 to comment on Rom 12:20, which quotes Prov 25:21–22. The citation of qu. I.27 in the Cat. Rom. was first pointed out by Declerck, Quaestiones et dubia CCI. keywords: 113; anthologies; anthology; coisl; excerpts; flor; greek; laura; maksimczuk; max; par; source; studies; text cache: grbs-16611.pdf plain text: grbs-16611.txt item: #717 of 1726 id: grbs-16632 author: De Martin, Sara title: Theognidean Misconduct: Representing the (Un)traditional in Pherecrates’ Chiron date: 2022 words: 7525 flesch: 61 summary: The audience may recognise them as an instance of old-style paraenesis and as an expression of traditional sympotic ethics; in this case, they will understand the scene as thematising the current neglect of traditional morals and the misuse of the texts that typically voice them. This interplay of literal repetition and ethical subversion is taken to the next level in the rest of the fragment, where traditional sympotic ethics (instantiated, at 11–12, in εὔκηλος µὲν ἔπειτα φέρειν εἰς δαῖτα θάλειαν (“then confidently take [the lyre] to the rich banquet”). keywords: century; comedy; ethics; fr.162; fragment; greek; host; lines; martin; paraenetic; pherecr; pherecrates; poetry; studies; theognidean; theognis; thgn cache: grbs-16632.pdf plain text: grbs-16632.txt item: #718 of 1726 id: grbs-16636 author: Johstono, Paul; Taylor, Michael J. title: Reconstructing the Battle of Pydna date: 2022 words: 10707 flesch: 61 summary: Hellenistic tactical manuals described two ways for phalanxes to cover their flanks and rear, the oblong plaision and squared plinthion.50 However, in the manuals and in 46 While most of this essay has focused on topographical and tactical aspects of the battle, the methodology associated with J. Keegan, Face of Battle (London 1976), remains a landmark study for appreciating the psy- chological and physical variables of frontline combat, and how they impact the overall outcome of battles; for the dynamics of Roman battle see P. Sabin, “The Roman Face of Battle,” JRS 90 (2000) 1–17, although note that the hour-long combat at Pydna represent a brisk battle by Roman standards. 47 Livy reports less than 100 killed, mostly among the Paeligni.43 The lopsided casualty ratios were typical for Roman battle, where most of the casualties were suffered by the defeated side massacred in the pursuit, while few men were killed on either side during the pitched battle so long as they were able to maintain formations that maximized the protec- 41 Erdkamp, Mnemosyne 59 (2006) 545; P. Brunt, Italian Manpower (Oxford 1971) 643, was generally skeptical of casualty reports in Roman sources. keywords: aem; agios; army; battle; camp; cavalry; greek; infantry; livy; macedonian; paullus; perseus; phalanx; plut; plutarch; pydna; roman; studies; taylor cache: grbs-16636.pdf plain text: grbs-16636.txt item: #719 of 1726 id: grbs-16640 author: Galán Vioque, Guillermo title: Marcus Musurus and Pindar date: 2022 words: 6133 flesch: 77 summary: AP 6.101.1 (Va, f. ΗΗviv; We, p.571; in Va Musurus added καὶ Πίνδαρος … εἴρηκε at a later date); 7.702.5 (Xe, f. On the Vatican family of Pindar manuscripts see Turyn 14–15; Irigoin 108–115, and on Planudes’ edition, 247–286. keywords: edition; ferreri; greek; irigoin; kallierges; library; manuscript; musurus; pindar; scholia; scholium; studies; διὰ; εἰς; καὶ; τοῦ; τὸν cache: grbs-16640.pdf plain text: grbs-16640.txt item: #720 of 1726 id: grbs-16643 author: Morassi, Davide title: War Mandates in the Peloponnesian War: The Agency of Athenian strategoi date: 2022 words: 5905 flesch: 64 summary: Consequently, we should be wary of undervaluing the power and independence of Athenian strategoi, even under a radical democracy. Demosthenes disagreed with Nicias, confirming that Nicias’ actions did not necessarily represent what a strategos was expected to do, but a strategos’ personal choice, which was open for debate.27 Thus, there is reason to think that strategoi could exercise some agency and independence within the limits of their mandate. keywords: athenian; demosthenes; ecclesia; greek; hamel; instructions; mandates; strategoi; studies; thuc; war cache: grbs-16643.pdf plain text: grbs-16643.txt item: #721 of 1726 id: grbs-16644 author: Mayo, Andrew C. title: Herophilus and Common Opinions date: 2022 words: 7656 flesch: 62 summary: From the puzzling Hippocratic use of both πρόγνωσις and πρόρρησις, Herophilus seems to have derived an epistemological distinction between types of prognosis, namely that πρόγνωσις refers to reliably accurate prognosis while πρόρρησις refers to a more approximate, less reliably accurate kind of prognosis.38 37 W. D. Smith, The Hippocratic Tradition (Ithaca 1979) 191–193, argues that there was no such work of Herophilus πρὸς τὸ Προγνωστικὸν Ἱππο- κρατηους and that Galen was inflating some of Herophilus’ remarks on common opinions into a full-blown polemic. In this paper, I maintain that the same holds for Herophilus’ work and that the title does not mean “against common opinions,” but rather “regarding common opinions. keywords: aristotle; galen; greek; herophilus; knidian; menstruation; opinions; reference; staden; studies; title; von; work; δόξας; καὶ; πρός; πρὸς; τὰς cache: grbs-16644.pdf plain text: grbs-16644.txt item: #722 of 1726 id: grbs-16690 author: Favi, Federico title: A Contribution to the Study of P.Oxy. 1803 (Atticist Lexicon) date: 2023 words: 7319 flesch: 70 summary: See E. G. Csapo, Actors and Icons of the Ancient Theatre (Chichester 2010) 140–167; and Nervegna, Menander in Antiquity 136–169 and 264. 314 P.OXY 1803 (ATTICIST LEXICON) ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 62 (2022) 309–327 from the comedies of Menander is considered in the context of linguistic education shows that in the sixth century, when the papyrus was copied, his plays were famous and he was well regarded at least by some who aspired to good Attic.18 I will now take a closer look at the ways in which Menander is used in our lexicon. keywords: atticist; byzantine; canon; century; compiler; entry; evidence; fol; form; greek; language; lexicography; lexicon; menander; p.oxy; papyri; studies; use; xenophon; διὰ; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-16690.pdf plain text: grbs-16690.txt item: #723 of 1726 id: grbs-16695 author: Dzurillová, Zuzana; Kulhánková, Markéta title: The Historical Present in the Grottaferrata and Escorial Versions of Digenis Akritis: A Narratological Insight date: 2023 words: 6936 flesch: 59 summary: Καὶ ὡς εἴδασιν παράνοµα, τὰ ποῖα οὐδὲν ἐλπίζαν, εἰς θλίψιν ἐσεβήκασιν καὶ κάθουνται καὶ κλαίουν· χοῦµαν ἐπῆραν ἐκ τῆς γῆς, <’ς> τὰς κεφαλὰς τὸ βάνουν, τὸν ἥλιον ἐντρυχώνοντες µετὰ πολλῶν δακρύων. οἱ ἄρχοντες, ἐθλίβησαν µεγάλως καὶ ὥραν πολλὴν ἐποίσασιν καὶ εἰς λογισµοὺς ἐµπῆκαν 75 καὶ µετὰ ὥρας περισσὰς ἐφέρασιν τὸν νοῦν τους· τὰ δάκρυα τους σφουγγίζουσιν, τὰ ρέτενα γυρίζουν, καὶ ἤλθασιν καὶ ηὕρασιν τὸ ἑρµηνευθὲν τὸ ρυάκιν. keywords: akritis; byzantine; digenis; discourse; greek; hps; literature; mimetic; narrative; past; present; studies; tense; use; version; καὶ cache: grbs-16695.pdf plain text: grbs-16695.txt item: #724 of 1726 id: grbs-16699 author: Terceiro Sanmartín, Nerea title: The Dramatic Date of Plato’s Timaeus-Critias date: 2022 words: 7712 flesch: 62 summary: He notes that Plato chooses the Greater Panathenaia as the dramatic setting for the Timaeus, but with regard to the chronol- ogy of the dramatic setting he adds that “the date is of no im- portance.”2 Even with these shortcomings, Lampert and Planeaux’s argu- ments might be acceptable if Plato had not provided other clues to ascertain the dramatic date of the Timaeus. keywords: 182–202; critias; date; day; festivals; kallynteria; nails; plato; plynteria; proto; republic; studies; timaeus cache: grbs-16699.pdf plain text: grbs-16699.txt item: #725 of 1726 id: grbs-1671 author: Anson, Edward title: The Dating of Perdiccas' Death and the Assembly at Triparadeisus date: 2003 words: 6614 flesch: 64 summary: While the Solar Saros typically lists regnal years without reference to royal names (except in the case of An- tigonus, where an equivalent of an, suggesting Antigonus, appears after a 3, and se, Seleucus, after a 7), these unnamed years correspond to the names and regnal years found in other chronological texts (Aaboe et al. Neither the Saros Canon nor the Uruk King List records regnal years for Alexander IV. keywords: alexander; antipater; babylon; bosworth; chronology; death; diodorus; egypt; king; perdiccas; philip; saros; supra; triparadeisus; year cache: grbs-1671.pdf plain text: grbs-1671.txt item: #726 of 1726 id: grbs-16710 author: Shedd, Martin P. title: The Mask of Compilation: Authorial Interventions in Anonymous Cyzicenus date: 2022 words: 10740 flesch: 52 summary: Although the anonymous author from Cyzicus (hereafter Cyzicenus) is assuredly not the most careful of scholars, the simplistic appear- ance of an unoriginal copyist is an adopted persona, designed to convince the reader of the authenticity of his documentary 1 The most recent critical edition is G. C. Hansen, Anonyme Kirchengeschichte (Berlin 2002). Socrates’ Ecclesiastical History and the Life of Metrophanes and Alexander agree that the presbyter himself lobbied on Arius’ be- half, without direct support.44 Cyzicenus relates a double layer of petitioning in his narrative: first, the presbyter on behalf of the pro-Arian bishops Eusebius and Theognis, and then the bishops on behalf of Arius himself. keywords: bishops; caesarea; christ; constantine; council; cyzicenus; emperor; eusebius; gelasius; god; greek; history; nicaea; passages; proem; shedd; sources; studies; text; theodoret; καὶ cache: grbs-16710.pdf plain text: grbs-16710.txt item: #727 of 1726 id: grbs-16772 author: Agocs, Peter Andras title: Message-Stick of the Muses: Lyric Epistolarity and Textuality in Pindar and Bacchylides date: 2022 words: 11091 flesch: 65 summary: The epinicians are Pindar Ol. 6, Ol. 7, Pyth. Agocs ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 62 (2022) 385–416 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Message-Stick of the Muses: Lyric Epistolarity and Textuality in Pindar and Bacchylides Peter Agócs T HAS LONG BEEN RECOGNIZED that certain epinicians and skolion-fragments of Pindar and Bacchylides exploit a mise- en-scène that defines the song as something “sent. keywords: aineas; epinician; greek; hieron; isth; lyric; message; motif; muses; nem; ode; odes; performance; pindar; poetry; pyth; sending; song; speaker; stick; studies; text; utterance; victory; voice cache: grbs-16772.pdf plain text: grbs-16772.txt item: #728 of 1726 id: grbs-16785 author: Gullo, Arianna title: The Artistic Object as μάρτυς and the Formula μάρτυρές εἰσι πόνων in Late Antique Epigrams for Public Monuments date: 2023 words: 4412 flesch: 75 summary: 222.4 = Gow-Page, GP XV 2627, the statue of Nemesis at Rhamnous bears witness to Attica of victory and of art; in Crin. 9.283.3 = GP XXVI 1919 = 26.3 Ypsilanti, mountains and rivers are depicted as witnesses of Germanicus’ victories over the Celts; in another epigram by Crinagoras, Anth. keywords: anth.pal; antique; epigrams; formula; greek; studies; witness; witnesses; µάρτυρές; µάρτυς; εἰσι; πόνων cache: grbs-16785.pdf plain text: grbs-16785.txt item: #729 of 1726 id: grbs-1681 author: Jacobson, Howard title: Ezekiel's Exagoge, One Play or Four? date: 2003 words: 2057 flesch: 67 summary: One further point here: the question of Ezekiel using a non-satyric play in fourth place on the basis of his general familiarity with Euripidean plays is not so simple. But we do know of plays with names like ˜plvn kr¤siw , N°mea, îyla, n¤ptra , cuxostas¤a. 5 keywords: ezekiel; kohn; play; polyhistor cache: grbs-1681.pdf plain text: grbs-1681.txt item: #730 of 1726 id: grbs-16816 author: Clark, James T. title: Euripides’ Phoenissae and Summoned Entrances in Greek Tragedy date: 2023 words: 6326 flesch: 69 summary: In the second part of this paper, I make some suggestions for the effect this pattern of summoned entrances in Phoenissae might have, but first there are two other matters that deserve attention. While the direct summons itself (1264) has not been suspected, some editors delete the extended address at 1265–1269, which is presumably delivered to Antigone before she has emerged from the palace.30 But if they are genuine, these lines fit well thematically with the play: because Antigone’s maidenly pro- priety has already been stressed (92–95), for Jocasta to state now that the time has come for her to leave “maidenly pursuits” (1265) is particularly appropriate.31 And if Antigone’s entrance were delayed until after line 1269, this would fit the pattern established for summoned entrances elsewhere in the play. keywords: antigone; entrances; euripides; greek; house; jocasta; palace; phoenissae; skene; studies; summons cache: grbs-16816.pdf plain text: grbs-16816.txt item: #731 of 1726 id: grbs-16826 author: Friesen, Courtney J. P. title: Efficacious Entertainment: The Baptism of Genesius the Mime and the Performance of Conversion date: 2023 words: 9654 flesch: 56 summary: Taking the Passion of St. Genesius as a point of departure, I explore the rite of Christian baptism as mimetic drama. Christian baptism and the renunciation of theater The Passion of St. Genesius also reflects the animosity that some Christians felt toward Greco-Roman spectacles. keywords: augustine; baptism; century; christian; church; conversion; efficacy; entertainment; friesen; genesius; greek; mime; passion; performance; power; ritual; roman; stage; studies; tertullian; theater; water; καὶ cache: grbs-16826.pdf plain text: grbs-16826.txt item: #732 of 1726 id: grbs-16837 author: Cook, Brad L title: Philip V and Lysimacheia: An Oath in Gold date: 2022 words: 13815 flesch: 59 summary: On the important topic of modern forgeries of Greek inscriptions, 208 PHILIP V AND LYSIMACHEIA: AN OATH IN GOLD ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 62 (2022) Of forged Greek inscriptions on stone, or only on paper, and the notorious case of Stavros Mertzidis (1858– ca. 1930), see L Robert, “Hellenica,” RPhil 13 (1939) 97–217, esp. keywords: alliance; athenian; athens; b.c; bronze; century; cook; dion; esp; gold; gold tablet; greek; iii; inscriptions; letters; line; lysimacheia; oath; philip; philip v; right; robinson; stone; strokes; studies; tablet; text; university; καὶ cache: grbs-16837.pdf plain text: grbs-16837.txt item: #733 of 1726 id: grbs-16848 author: Roussou, Stephanie title: Λέξεις ῥωμαῖαι κατὰ στοιχεῖον in Barocci 50 and Burney 124: On Greek Lexicographical Sources and the Suda date: 2023 words: 7574 flesch: 74 summary: 14 See Dickey, Latin Loanwords s.v. δωνατίουον 19 See Dickey, Latin Loanwords s.v. κοµπροµισ(σ)άριος, with further bibli- ography; cf. keywords: 124; barocci; burney; cursive; entry; fol; gloss; greek; latin; lemma; loanwords; s.v; source; studies; suda; λέξεις; ἀπουρία cache: grbs-16848.pdf plain text: grbs-16848.txt item: #734 of 1726 id: grbs-16852 author: DeVore, David J; Kennedy, Scott title: Eusebius' Knowledge of Thucydides date: 2023 words: 8367 flesch: 52 summary: Andrew Car- riker, for example, only grudgingly acknowledged that during his study of Greek rhetoric Eusebius must have become acquainted with the classical historians: “One expects that Eusebius had read at least portions of the histories of Herod- otus and Thucydides, though he may admittedly have done so only early in his life and he may never have returned to them. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 27–50 German translation), and George Syncellus’ early ninth-cen- tury Chronicle (a witness to Eusebius).38 TABLE I Jerome Eusebius (Armenian) Syncellus Initium belli Peloponnesiaci. keywords: africanus; athenian; book; chronicle; david; devore; eusebius; events; floruit; greek; history; kennedy; knowledge; narrative; peloponnesian; plague; roman; studies; theophany; thucydides; war cache: grbs-16852.pdf plain text: grbs-16852.txt item: #735 of 1726 id: grbs-16853 author: van der Wiel, Laurens title: A Proposal for Restructuring Plutarch’s Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata date: 2023 words: 9202 flesch: 67 summary: Fabius Maximus II (195C–D); Scipio Maior II (196B), V (196C–D), VI (196D–E); Cato Maior XXIV (199C); Scipio Minor V (200A–B), XVI (201B–C), XXII (201E); Marius III (202B–C); Pompeius II (203C), VIII (204A); Cicero XX (205E); Caesar VIII (206C), Xb (206D); Augustus II (207A). 17 Cyrus Minor (173E) Κῦρος ὁ νεώτερος; Memnon I (174B) Μέµνων, ὁ Ἀλεξάν- δρῳ πολεµῶν; Dionysius Maior I (175C) Διονύσιος ὁ πρεσβύτερος; Dionysius Minor I (176C) Ὁ δὲ νεώτερος Διονύσιος; Antigonus Secundus I (183C) Ἀντίγονος ὁ δεύτερος; Antiochus Tertius I (183F) Ἀντίοχος ὁ τρίτος; Agis Tertius I (191E) Ὁ δὲ νεώτερος Ἆγις; Scipio Maior I (196B) Σκιπίων δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτερος; Cato Maior I (198D) Κάτων ὁ πρεσβύτερος; Scipio Minor I (199F) Σκιπίωνα τὸν νεώτερον. keywords: 1–26; apophthegmata; apophthegms; artaxerxes; caesar; cases; collection; cyrus; editions; greek; iii; maior; moralia; nachstädt; plutarch; regum; roman; saying; section; studies cache: grbs-16853.pdf plain text: grbs-16853.txt item: #736 of 1726 id: grbs-16854 author: Martin, Gunther; Grusková, Jana title: Facing the Plague and the Goths: A New Passage from the Scythica Vindobonensia (Codex Vindobonensis hist. gr. 73, fol. 192r, lines 13–30) date: 2023 words: 19426 flesch: 72 summary: 444 FACING THE PLAGUE AND THE GOTHS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 62 (2022) 437–493 (A) fol. 192r (fr. IIIa) lines 13–17 (Ῥω̣µ̣αῖοι δὲ … κινητῆρι); (B) fol. 192r (fr. IIIa) lines 17–25 (ἥ̣ τε νόσος … ἀ̣πογ̣ρ̣ά̣ψ̣α̣ι̣ τ̣ε̣ |⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎⁎); (C) fol. 192r (fr. IIIa) lines 25–30 + fol. 192v (fr. IIIb) lines 1– 2 (⁎⁎δ⁎ δὴ̣ τρυγήτου ὥρα⟨ι⟩ … γ̣ῆν σύµπασαν). For more see G. Martin in GLO 41–42 (in preparation). 114 keywords: 192r; 192v; commentary; crisis; der; dexippus; edition; empire; est; events; fol; fragments; gall; goths; greek; grusková; gunther; iiia; jana; letters; line; martin; new; passage; plague; roman; rome; scythians; scythica; skythika; studies; text; thucydides; time; und; vienna; vindobonensia; καὶ; τοῦ; τὴν; τῆς cache: grbs-16854.pdf plain text: grbs-16854.txt item: #737 of 1726 id: grbs-16870 author: Sandri, Maria Giovanna title: A Grammatical Fragment on ἀντίστοιχα: Ms. Bodl. Gr. misc. e. 1 date: 2023 words: 3602 flesch: 77 summary: 21–23 and Tav. 12; Perria, RSBN N.S. 20–21 (1983–84) 25–68; G. De Gregorio, “Materiali vecchi e nuovi per uno studio della minuscola greca fra VII e IX secolo,” in G. Prato (ed.), I manoscritti greci tra 204 A GRAMMATICAL FRAGMENT ON ΑΝΤΙΣΤΟΙΧΑ ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 201–213 not the only early attestation of the use of paper. Sandri ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 201–213 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ keywords: 9th; byzantine; cent; fragment; greek; recto; script; studies; text; καὶ; τοῦ; ἀντίστοιχα cache: grbs-16870.pdf plain text: grbs-16870.txt item: #738 of 1726 id: grbs-16871 author: Beck, Bill title: Homer's Verbal Mimesis in the Iliad's Exegetical Scholia date: 2023 words: 8786 flesch: 71 summary: When the narrator uses the short, dactylic expression κατὰ τεύχε᾽ ἔδυν (“they put on their armor,” Il. 4.222) to describe the arming of the Achaian troops before the first pitched battle of the poem, the exegetical scholion notes that Homer “adapted the expression to the haste of those arming themselves,” συνῳκείωσε τὸν λόγον τῇ τῶν ὁπλι- ___ and Non-Greek Languages,” in E. J. Bakker (ed.), A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language (Malden 2010) 228–252, at 232–234. commentary on Hermogenes’ On Types of Style, where he notes that Homer composed Il. 12.208 with a metrical anomaly “in imitation of the emotion provoked by the snake” (VI 490.16–17 Walz). keywords: 78–102; critic; greek; homer; homeric; iliad; language; mimesis; narrator; poet; poetry; schol; scholia; sound; studies; tmesis; words; τοῦ; τῆς cache: grbs-16871.pdf plain text: grbs-16871.txt item: #739 of 1726 id: grbs-16872 author: Xian, Ruobing title: Homeric δέχαται (Il. 12.147) Reconsidered date: 2022 words: 2765 flesch: 67 summary: nach Konsonant,”14 the morpho- logically, metrically, and semantically similar forms ἕαται (Il. 3.134, 9.628) and κέαται (from κεῖµαι “lie”)15 could make it easier for δέχαται to be regarded by both the bards and the audience as a present third-person plural. The similarities between ἕαται (Il. 3.134, 9.628) and δέχαται (Il. 12.147) are striking. keywords: debrunner; form; greek; homeric; perfect; studies; δέγµενος; δέχαται; ἕαται cache: grbs-16872.pdf plain text: grbs-16872.txt item: #740 of 1726 id: grbs-16876 author: Faraone, Christopher A. title: Notes on Magical Texts and Gems date: 2023 words: 9108 flesch: 65 summary: Both of the Raubitschek inscriptions, however, seem to share the same genitive end- ing -ατος which suggests a rarer, but important form of inscrip- tion found on the reverse of magical gems, in which the purpose vey; Annotated Bibliography,” ANRW II.18.5 (1995) 3577–78, and Michel, Die magischen Gemmen: Zu Bildern und Zauberformeln 481–482. The image on the Brisbane gem is unique, but it does follow a pattern seen on a handful of other gems, which depict a bare- chested male figure with a single snake-head, who wears a similar kilt ( fig. 15), but with one exception holds two different attri- butes: a was-scepter in one hand and an ankh-sign in the other: keywords: faraone; fig; figure; gem; gems; greek; hand; head; inscription; lion; mouth; reverse; ring; seal; second; studies; texts; word cache: grbs-16876.pdf plain text: grbs-16876.txt item: #741 of 1726 id: grbs-16898 author: Nelson, Thomas J. title: Sappho’s Rose-Fingered Moon and Traditional Referentiality date: 2024 words: 5504 flesch: 65 summary: Nelson ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 147–161 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sappho’s Rose-Fingered Moon and Traditional Referentiality Thomas J. Nelson APPHO in fr.96 Voigt compares a departed friend to a moon among stars (6–9a):1 νῦν δὲ Λύ̣δαισιν ἐµπρέπεται γυναί- κεσσιν ὤς ποτ’ ἀελίω δύν̣τος ἀ βροδοδάκτυλος σελάννα πάντα περ<ρ>έχοισ’ ἄστρα· Now she stands out among Lydian women like the rose-fingered moon after sunset, surpassing all the stars.2 Such astral similes are a common element in encomiastic literature, especially in choral song;3 and they recur elsewhere in 1 For the enumeration and presentation of Sappho fragments I follow C. Neri, Saffo, Testimonianze e frammenti (Berlin 2021); his text here follows the emendations of W. Schubart, “Neue Bruchstücke der Sappho und des Al- kaios,” SBBerl 24 (1902) 195–209, at 200: in particular, σελάννα restores the required meter for the papyrus’ µήνα. Sappho may have drawn on local traditions from Asia Minor in her treatment of the myth: D. L. Page, Sappho and Alcaeus (Oxford 1955) 273–274; E. Stehle, “Sappho’s Gaze: Fantasies of a Goddess and Young Man,” in E. Greene (ed.), Reading Sappho: Contemporary Approaches (Berkeley 1996) keywords: adjective; dawn; epic; epithet; greek; homer; moon; poem; poetry; rose; sappho; selene; studies cache: grbs-16898.pdf plain text: grbs-16898.txt item: #742 of 1726 id: grbs-16901 author: van den Berg, Baukje title: Twelfth-Century Scholars on the Moral Exemplarity of Ancient Poetry date: 2023 words: 9602 flesch: 46 summary: 114 THE MORAL EXEMPLARITY OF ANCIENT POETRY ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 103–129 ton identified in Renaissance readings of ancient texts through the lens of moral exemplarity: while the most ideologically correct and rhetorically powerful exemplar would be morally unambiguous, the veneration of antiquity and the study of ancient texts laid bare the entire narrative of the hero’s life, with all its ambiguities.28 Like their Renaissance counterparts, Byzantine teachers and scholars applied a degree of censorship or filtering to ancient narratives with the aim of countering their inherent ambiguity and moral heterogeneity.29 Both Basilakes and the anonymous epigrammatist(s) offer an un- equivocal interpretation that brings the ὠφέλεια or (moral) usefulness of the old stories into sharp relief for contemporary readers, a usefulness that served to justify the study of ancient literature in the first place.30 Homer as a teacher of moral behavior Byzantine scholars thus continued to subscribe to the age-old notion that drama and poetry in general—not least that of Homer, who was still considered the greatest of all poets—had an inherent moral value.31 In an encomium on the metro- 28 T. Hampton, Writing from History: By focusing on the ethical usefulness of the ancient past and by reading ancient texts through the lens of moral exemplarity, our twelfth-century scholars transform ancient poetry into a site of moral reflection and redefine its cultural authority in terms relevant to their own time. keywords: basilakes; berg; byzantine; byzantium; century; commentaries; commentary; den; eustathios; exemplarity; greek; homer; homeric; iliad; lessons; literature; poetry; reading; rhetorical; studies; tragedy; tzetzes; value; van; καὶ cache: grbs-16901.pdf plain text: grbs-16901.txt item: #743 of 1726 id: grbs-16902 author: Braccini, Tommaso title: Tales from the Crypt: The Scheintod of Zeno and Anastasios, Reexamined date: 2023 words: 9577 flesch: 67 summary: 16 See most recently P. Crawford, Roman Emperor Zeno: The Perils of Power Politics in Fifth-Century Constantinople (Barnsley 2019) 224–228. In April, on the ninth day, Emperor Zeno died and was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles, in a stone sarcophagus from Thessalonica (i.e., Thessaly). keywords: anastasios; braccini; byzantine; century; chronicon; death; emperor; epilepsy; greek; historians; kedrenos; later; lightning; logothetes; ps.-symeon; psellos; sarcophagus; scheintod; sources; story; studies; tales; theophanes; zeno; zonaras; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-16902.pdf plain text: grbs-16902.txt item: #744 of 1726 id: grbs-16903 author: Chu, Minqi title: Rhetorical Training in Byzantine Italy: The Evidence of Paris.gr. 3032 date: 2023 words: 6659 flesch: 57 summary: Chu ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 182–200 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Rhetorical Training in Byzantine Italy: The Parisinus is therefore the only sure surviving witness to the production and circulation of rhetorical textbooks in the Greek- speaking area of Byzantine southern Italy. keywords: anonymous; byzantine; century; corpus; des; education; greek; italy; lucà; notes; parisinus; produzione; rhetorical; scritta; sicily; southern; studies; syracuse; textbook; theodosius; training; καὶ cache: grbs-16903.pdf plain text: grbs-16903.txt item: #745 of 1726 id: grbs-16908 author: Nawotka, Krzysztof title: On the Nature and Functions of the Macedonian Council of Peliganes date: 2023 words: 5450 flesch: 55 summary: The most recent contribution is by Miltiades Hatzopoulos, who while discussing the civic organization of Macedonia writes: “The council (boule), the member of which bore the name of peliganes in the Old Kingdom, constituted, as everywhere in the Greek world, the permanent commission of the assembly. Another leading expert on ancient Macedonia, Nicholas G. L. Hammond, devoted his attention to the etymol- ogy of peliganes and was more ambiguous, stating simply: “One term for Councillors in a Macedonian town goes back to the time of Philip and probably much earlier: πελιγᾶνες.”2 keywords: age; boule; cities; colonies; council; demos; evidence; gerousia; greek; macedonian; peliganes; roman; seleukeia; seleukid; studies cache: grbs-16908.pdf plain text: grbs-16908.txt item: #746 of 1726 id: grbs-1691 author: Hernandez de la Fuente, David title: Nonnus and Theodore Hyrtakenos date: 2003 words: 3596 flesch: 65 summary: Apart from this imitation of Nonnus, Planudes 11 So George of Pisidia (seventh century), Joseph Genesios, and a writer of an epitaph (both tenth century): see L. Sternbach, “De Georgio Pisida Nonni sec- tatore,” Analecta Graeco-Latina philologis Vindobonae congregatis (Krakow 1893) 38–54; A. Diller, “Nonnus Dionysiaca in Genesius Regna,” CP 46 (1951) 176–177, and I. Sevcenko, “An Early Tenth-century Inscription from Gala- krenai with Echoes from Nonnus and the Palatine Anthology,” DOP 41 (1987) 461–468. Itys and Philomela (2.130–135) efi d¢ gãmoiw éd¤koiw me biÆsetai, e‰dow éme¤cv, m¤jomai Ùrn¤yessi, ka‹ flptam°nh FilomÆlh ka‹ =Òdon égg°llousa ka‹ ényemÒessan §°rshn ¶ssomai efiarino›o f¤lh ZefÊroio xelid!n, fyeggom°nh lãlow ˆrniw Ípvrof¤hw m°low ±xoËw, Ùrxhym“ pterÒenti periska¤rousa kaliÆn. keywords: dion; dionysiaca; hyrtakenos; ka‹; mourning; myths; niobe; nonnus; passage; planudes; tears; theodore cache: grbs-1691.pdf plain text: grbs-1691.txt item: #747 of 1726 id: grbs-16921 author: O'Sullivan, Rory title: The Hierarchy of Pleasures in Longus’ Daphnis and Chloe and Thucydides’ Peloponnesian War date: 2024 words: 10596 flesch: 61 summary: Conclusion In the proem of Daphnis and Chloe Longus does not distinguish himself from Thucydides, but suggests they are alike. Lykainion draws an equivalence between Eros and sex, but in fact for Daphnis sex is only significant as a means of navigating his troubles. keywords: chloe; daphnis; desire; eros; erotic; experience; greek; hierarchy; longus; love; lykainion; novel; o’sullivan; peloponnesian; pleasure; roman; rory; sense; studies; text; thucydides; war; καὶ cache: grbs-16921.pdf plain text: grbs-16921.txt item: #748 of 1726 id: grbs-16925 author: Wash, Leon title: Empedocles’ Account of Wine (fr.81) and Premodern Oenology date: 2024 words: 13004 flesch: 66 summary: Finally, in a study of Orphic-Dionysian ideas, Eisler situated fr.81 among intriguing parallels representing wine as a mixture of fire and water and as coming directly from the vine.31 Curiously, Eisler claimed that the conception shared by Empedocles comes from an ancient tradition of making intoxicating drinks out of tree sap: evidently a wine from ash tree sap, akin to birch beer, was once consumed in ancient Sumer and England—but not Greece.32 Appealing as this beverage sounds, then, Eisler seems to be bark- ing up a better tree when noting the warming effect of wine and linking Empedocles’ φλοιοῦ with Dionysus’ cult titles Φλεύς and Φλοῖος, which suggest that the idea of grape wine as “fire-water” coming ἀπὸ φλοιοῦ (whatever its precise meaning) was likely rooted in more immediate experiences.33 Before we consider the fragment in light of the rest of what we know about Empedocles’ thought, it will be helpful to examine the passages in which Aristotle and Plutarch quote it. At the same time, it is reported that Empedocles held the distinct characters of different soils responsible for the distinct characters of wines: Aëtius (5.26.4) reports that Empedocles thought that the differences among juices arise as alterations of the multipartite nature ⟨of earth⟩ and of plants, since they draw in different ways the homoeomeries from what nourishes them, just as in the case of vines: for the differences among these do not make wine good, but the differences of the soil nourishing it. keywords: account; aristotle; bark; der; empedocles; euripides; evidence; fermentation; fire; fr.81; grapes; greek; juice; leon; loc; nature; new; plutarch; studies; thought; vine; vinum; vitis; wash; water; wine; wood; wright cache: grbs-16925.pdf plain text: grbs-16925.txt item: #749 of 1726 id: grbs-16930 author: Schwartz, Adam title: Fighting Unshod: The Question of Footwear in Hoplite Warfare date: 2023 words: 9087 flesch: 66 summary: The textual evidence The more or less tacit assumption that because footwear existed, it must have been universally used in everyday life, extends to the military sphere: the question of military footwear is generally not brought up, and then usually only in passing, and to note that footwear must have been used as a matter of course. Accordingly, one does not see hēmerodromoi wearing shoes when on the road, and of the athletes the runners would not be capable of maintaining speed, if they were to run wearing shoes” (ἡ δ’ ἀνυποδησία πολλὴν εὐλυσίαν τινὰ keywords: adam; barefoot; cold; equipment; fact; feet; fighting; footwear; greek; hoplites; peltasts; sandals; schwartz; shoes; soldiers; sources; spartan; studies; transl; unshod; winter; xenophon; καὶ cache: grbs-16930.pdf plain text: grbs-16930.txt item: #750 of 1726 id: grbs-16932 author: Prauscello, Lucia title: On Stephanus of Byzantium β 188: Βύβλος, βύβλος, and φιλύρα date: 2023 words: 9236 flesch: 73 summary: The MSS. of Stephanus do indeed have βύβλου τῆς φυλῆς τῆς Αἰγυπτίης, but the correction of φυλῆς to φιλύρης (“lime-tree” and, by metonymy, “its fibrous part,” hence “the internal part of the exterior bark,” or “bast”) is Meineke’s, not Berkel’s. 157–181 passage are that of an anonymous “vir doctus” mentioned in Meineke’s apparatus,18 who suggested φυλῆς to be a corruption of ὕλης (presumably in the sense of “undergrowth/copse” as opposed to “forest tree”?);19 and that of Brinkmann, who ten- tatively suggested emending βύβλου τῆς φυλῆς τῆς Αἰγυπτίης to βύβλου τῆς φίλης τῇ Αἰγυπτίῃ.20 keywords: aelius; billerbeck; byblos; dionysius; eustathius; greek; kind; meineke; papyrus; plant; s.v; stephanus; studies; synagoge; text; αἰγυπτίης; βύβλου; βύβλου τῆς; καὶ; τοῖς; τῆς; φιλύρα; φιλύρης; φλοιὸν; φυλή; φυλῆς; ἀπὸ cache: grbs-16932.pdf plain text: grbs-16932.txt item: #751 of 1726 id: grbs-16936 author: Bolonyai, Gábor title: Who Copied Janus Pannonius’s Greek-Latin Dictionary (ÖNB Suppl. gr. 45)? date: 2023 words: 9111 flesch: 70 summary: Denis’s reading was accepted by Vogel and Gardthausen,8 and taken over by Josef Bick in his 1920 catalogue of Greek hands in Vienna manu- scripts, although by then the annotation had disappeared from 4 Plutarch, Quibus modis ab inimicis iuvari possimus [De capienda ex inimicis utilitate], De negotiositate [De curiositate], and Dicta regum et imperatorum; Demos- thenes, Oratio adversus epistolam Philippi Lianori’s Greek letters to Tortelli may have been meant as proof of his proficient letter-writing in both languages. keywords: bolonyai; byzantine; dictionary; eth.nic; ferrara; fig; figure; fol; glosses; greek; gábor; hand; janus; janus pannonius; latin; lemmata; letter; lianori; manuscript; margine; notes; pannonius; roman; studies; theodore; vienna; vocabulary; xen; önb cache: grbs-16936.pdf plain text: grbs-16936.txt item: #752 of 1726 id: grbs-16937 author: Kozian, Benny title: The παιδαγωγός in Euripides’ Ion: An Unwitting Purifier of Athenian Identity date: 2024 words: 7167 flesch: 62 summary: On Euripides’ mythopoiesis, Martin, Ion 22–23; V. Dimoglidis, “Meta- mythology in Euripides’ Ion,” eisodos. The παιδαγωγός in Euripides’ Ion: An Unwitting Purifier of Athenian Identity Benny Kozian 1. keywords: 1–20; erechtheid; euripides; gibert; greek; identity; ion; kreousa; martin; pace; pedagogue; studies; tragedy; truths; zacharia cache: grbs-16937.pdf plain text: grbs-16937.txt item: #753 of 1726 id: grbs-16940 author: Ewald, Owen M. title: Asking and Answering: An Indian Genre in Greek? date: 2024 words: 8120 flesch: 64 summary: The Gymnosophist episode in Plutarch occurs in the context of his invasion of what is now India, especially the subsequent resistance to Macedonian rule by King Sabbas, called Sabeilo in the Berlin Papyrus or Sambas in other sources.25 Alexander attributes Sabbas’ revolt to his advisors, the Gymnosophists or ‘naked philosophers’.26 4 Van Thiel, Hermes 100 (1972) 354–358, does a side-by-side comparison with the Berlin Papyrus, Plutarch, and the Metz Epitome; Stoneman, Alexander 19, 236, dates the earliest version of the Alexander Romance to the late third century C.E., although based on earlier Hellenistic material, and the Metz Epitome to the fourth or fifth century; for the heterogeneity of the Romance see I 38 ASKING AND ANSWERING ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) keywords: 37–59; alexander; answer; answering; berlin; dead; death; greek; gymnosophist; indian; king; land; life; olivelle; papyrus; plutarch; question; stoneman; studies; upaniṣad; τὴν; τὸν cache: grbs-16940.pdf plain text: grbs-16940.txt item: #754 of 1726 id: grbs-16941 author: Massetti, Laura title: Pindar, Perseus, and the θρῆνος πολυκάρηνος in Nonnus of Panopolis date: 2023 words: 8525 flesch: 74 summary: A. Herda, “Panionion-Melia, Mykalessos-Mykale, Perseus und Medusa: Überlegungen zur Besiedlungsgeschichte der Mykale in der frühen Eisen- zeit,” IstMitt 56 (2006) 43–102, at 85–93, points out that, according to Eu- stathius (ad Il. 2.498), Perseus founded the temple of Zeus Mycalesius (dated around 700 BCE). Massetti ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 300–324 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Pindar, Perseus, and the θρῆνος πουλυκάρηνος in Nonnus of Panopolis Laura Massetti NTERTEXTUAL INVESTIGATIONS on Nonnus’ Dionysiaca have led to great satisfaction.1 Not only is Nonnus’ ‘Late- Greek baroque’ poetry2 consciously presented as variegated in nature from the very start of the Dionysiaca,3 but his phraseol- ogy also draws from different literary genres.4 Among others, 1 See e.g. M. Paschalis, “Ovidian Metamorphosis and Nonnian poikilon eidos,” in K. Spanoudakis (ed.), Nonnus of Panopolis in Context (Berlin 2014) 97– 122; D. Gigli Piccardi, “Nonnus and Pindar,” in H. Bannert et al. (eds.), Nonnus of Panopolis in Context II (Leiden 2018) 255–270; S. Bär et al. (eds.), Narrative, Narratology and Intertextuality: New Perspectives on Greek Epic from Homer to Nonnus (London 2019). keywords: athena; dion; dionysiaca; dionysus; euryale; gorgons; greek; heads; lament; laura; massetti; medusa; nonnus; passage; perseus; pindar; pindaric; pyth; pythian; reference; studies; tune; θρῆνος; καὶ; πουλυκαρηνος cache: grbs-16941.pdf plain text: grbs-16941.txt item: #755 of 1726 id: grbs-16942 author: Rohmann, Dirk title: John Chrysostom, the Laudatio Apostolorum, and the End of the Areopagus date: 2023 words: 9767 flesch: 65 summary: Studies in the relative chronology of John’s writings, first undertaken by Bernard de Montfaucon in his early edition and recently and comprehensively reviewed by Wendy Mayer, have yielded the result that while some of John’s polemical ser- mons belong to his appointment in Constantinople, he had already delivered most of these while he was in Antioch.1 Al- though some scholars have doubted the authenticity of some of John’s most polemical texts, a closer review has sometimes re- vealed that there is insufficient reason to doubt his authorship.2 1 W. Mayer, The Homilies of St John Chrysostom (Rome 2005). Rohmann ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 422–446 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ John Chrysostom, the Laudatio Apostolorum, and the End of the Areopagus Dirk Rohmann OHN CHRYSOSTOM, ecclesiastical author and bishop of Constantinople, ranks among the most prolific writers of antiquity. keywords: apostles; areopagus; athens; century; chrysostom; constantinople; council; destruction; fourth; greek; john; john chrysostom; late; laudatio; pagan; rohmann; roman; sermon; studies; voicu cache: grbs-16942.pdf plain text: grbs-16942.txt item: #756 of 1726 id: grbs-16943 author: Iglesias-Zoido, Juan Carlos title: Speech and Narrative Setting in Herodian’s History: Marcus Aurelius and Pertinax date: 2023 words: 11588 flesch: 50 summary: This address is very different from other examples of military speech found throughout Herodian’s work, which are much more rhetorically elaborate, e.g. the harangues pronounced by figures like Septimius Severus (2.10.2–9, 3.6.1–7), Macrinus (4.14.5–8), or Alexander Severus (6.3.3–7), that appropriately use the so-called τελικὰ κεφάλαια in their argumentation.48 These παρακλήσεις reveal Herodian’s good knowledge of the rhetorical keys for this type of speech,49 to the extent that they even merited the honor of being selected as examples of military exhortation in Byzantine times.50 In a way, it is as if the historian, who is very familiar with this kind of speech, had opted in Laetus’ case for a type of speech that does not seek genuine persuasion before an unfavorable military audience but a simple conveying of a fait accompli. By narrative setting I refer to a complex structure with three levels (the terms immediately preceding the speech itself, the sentence that contains them, and the broader oratorical context) used by Classical-era historians, such as Thucydides, to introduce speeches in their narratives.1 These settings serve crucial goals: they define where and when a speech is uttered, characterize the speaker, and create a referential and pragmatic framework that aims to condition the readerly response. keywords: aurelius; carlos; emperor; greek; herodian; historiography; history; iglesias; juan; laetus; marcus; narrative; narrative setting; pertinax; roman; setting; speaker; speech; speeches; studies; thucydides; words; work; zoido; καὶ cache: grbs-16943.pdf plain text: grbs-16943.txt item: #757 of 1726 id: grbs-16946 author: Cullhed, Sigrid Schottenius; Juchnevičienė, Nijolė title: The Ethics of Motherhood in Plutarch’s Parallel Lives date: 2023 words: 7617 flesch: 53 summary: The unbreakable bond between mother and son persists throughout their lives, with mothers acting as ultimate moral authorities for their sons. Living together with an adult son (and his family) is stressed in Lives only in the case of Roman mothers. keywords: 401–421; daughter; ethics; family; greek; juchnevičienė; life; lives; love; mother; motherhood; plutarch; role; roman; sons; studies; wife; women; καὶ cache: grbs-16946.pdf plain text: grbs-16946.txt item: #758 of 1726 id: grbs-16947 author: Berkes, Lajos title: Greek Documents and their Scribes in Eighth-Century Egypt date: 2025 words: 6076 flesch: 57 summary: From Constantinople to Baghdad, 500-1000 CE (Cambridge 2022) 379–407, gives a similar account and connects the disappearance of Greek documents with the language’s loss of status and the increasing use of Coptic (esp. 398–399). Their number increased only in the sec- ond part of the eighth century, but the language becomes dom- inant in the papyrological record only in the ninth century.5 The first decades of Arab rule still produced the same kind of Greek documents that we find in the late Byzantine period, such as letters, legal documents, lists, and receipts. keywords: 80–98; administration; arabic; berkes; byzantine; century; coptic; documents; egypt; greek; islamic; roman; scribes; studies; writing cache: grbs-16947.pdf plain text: grbs-16947.txt item: #759 of 1726 id: grbs-16952 author: Tomczyszyn, Karolina title: “Anoint Your Chest and Eat Some of the Wax-Salve”: The Non-Liturgical Use of Holy Oils in the Early Byzantine East date: 2023 words: 9425 flesch: 72 summary: Take holy oil and anoint your entire 1 For the state of the matter see M. T. Canivet, “Le reliquaire à huile de la grande église de Huarte (Syrie),” Syria 55 (1978) 153–162; P. Maraval, Lieux saints et pèlerinages d’Orient (Paris 1985); W. Gessel, “Das Öl der Mär- tyrer. All these contributions advanced our knowl- edge mainly of material sources, focusing on hydraulic installations and ampullae for making and carrying holy oils. keywords: anointing; artemios; body; byzantine; cerate; greek; holy; life; lives; miracles; oil; oils; pilgrims; practice; saint; sanctuary; story; studies; use; καὶ; τοῦ; τῆς cache: grbs-16952.pdf plain text: grbs-16952.txt item: #760 of 1726 id: grbs-16954 author: Kennedy, Scott title: Redating Bessarion’s Against the Slanderer of Plato: His Defense of Plato and Platonic Politics date: 2024 words: 12095 flesch: 60 summary: 528–561 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Redating Bessarion’s Against the Slanderer of Plato: His Defense of Plato and Platonic Politics Scott Kennedy HE CONTROVERSY between George of Trebizond and Bessarion over Plato has long fascinated scholars as a defining moment in the Renaissance and the translation of Plato from Byzantium to the West.1 In 1458, George’s Com- parison of the Two Philosophers Aristotle and Plato had attacked Plato as fundamentally incompatible both doctrinally and politically with Christianity, claiming that Platonists such as Bessarion’s neopagan teacher George Gemistos Plethon had caused the loss of Byzantium and would soon cause the fall of the West.2 keywords: 528–561; aristotle; asp; augustine; bessarion; book; comparison; cordoba; date; draft; esse; est; fall; gaza; george; greek; john; kennedy; latin; letter; manuscript; mohler; monfasani; non; perotti; plato; platonis; plethon; politics; redaction; redating; scott; slanderer; speranzi; studies; summer; text; trebizond; work; καὶ cache: grbs-16954.pdf plain text: grbs-16954.txt item: #761 of 1726 id: grbs-16955 author: Kramer, M. J. title: Hellenistic Visuality and Jewish Textuality in Ezekiel’s Exagoge date: 2024 words: 13739 flesch: 58 summary: In the Letter of Aristeas, a work of a similar date and geographi- cal and cultural provenance to Ezekiel, the Septuagint text itself is explicitly presented in ways that in the Hellenistic world are more commonly associated with visual divine images and rites. The astonishing appearance of the latter is marked by God’s use of the language of wonder and amazement (δράκων γὰρ ἔσται φοβερός, ὥστε θαυµάσαι, the staff “will become a terrifying snake, so that you will be amazed,” Exagoge 123), a familiar aspect of Hellenistic visual description (as discussed above), and the ex- clamations and highly emotional reaction of Moses (124–126): ἰδοὺ βέβληται· δέσποθ᾽, ἵλεως γενοῦ· ὡς φοβερός, ὡς πέλωρος· οἴκτειρον σύ µε· πέφρικ᾽ ἰδών, µέλη δὲ σώµατος τρέµει. keywords: approach; burning; bush; divine; exagoge; ezekiel; god; greek; hellenistic; moses; philo; poetry; roman; scene; sight; speech; studies; text; verbal; viewing; vision; visual; visuality; words cache: grbs-16955.pdf plain text: grbs-16955.txt item: #762 of 1726 id: grbs-16956 author: Cianciosi, Stefano title: A New Source for Piccolomini’s De educatione liberorum: Filelfo’s Translation of Plutarch’s Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata date: 2023 words: 5742 flesch: 61 summary: For an edition of some of Filelfo’s other Latin translations of Greek authors see J. De Keyser, Francesco Filelfo. On Filelfo’s bitterness toward Aeneas Silvius see C. Bianca, “Filelfo tra Platonici e Aristotelici,” in Francesco Filelfo nel quinto centenario 207–247, at 235–236; D. Marsh, “Francesco Filelfo as Writer of Invective,” in J. De Keyser (ed.), Francesco Filelfo, Man of Letters (Leiden 2019) keywords: aeneas; apophthegmata; cassarino; cianciosi; educatione; filelfo; francesco; greek; latin; liberorum; piccolomini; plutarch; silvius; source; studies; translation; treatise; vat.lat; version; καὶ cache: grbs-16956.pdf plain text: grbs-16956.txt item: #763 of 1726 id: grbs-16957 author: Lauxtermann, Marc title: How Tzetzes Lost his Horse at Troy: Metalepsis in the Carmina Iliaca date: 2023 words: 4293 flesch: 64 summary: the ‘Bookish’ Identity of John Tzetzes,” in Y. Stouraitis [ed.], Identities and Ideologies in the Medieval East Roman World [Edinburgh 2022] 146–163, at 153 and n.31), but how many sebastoi by the name of Isaac Komnenos and how many lepers do we need? The infor- mation provided by Varzos, the go-to scholar for anything to do with the Komnenoi, is sadly not entirely reliable in the case of this Isaac (Isaakios 56 in his list).21 Isaac is the grandson of Isaac Komnenos sebastokrator (Isaakios 12 in Varzos), the brother of Alexios I, and he is the son of Constantine pansebastos sebastos (Konstantinos 27), attested as megas droungarios tes viglas in the early 1140s.22 Like Isaac, his father was doux of Verroia at the beginning of his career: there is a letter by Theophylact of Ohrid in which he tells Constantine that his brother Demetrios is travelling to Verroia; as Theophylact’s brother died in 1107– 1108, this gives us a terminus ante quem.23 Isaac’s date of birth is unknown; but given the fact that he was doux of Verroia in the early 1130s, he was most probably born before ca. 1110.24 keywords: 350–361; byzantine; carmina; horse; iliaca; isaac; komnenos; studies; troy; tzetzes; wife cache: grbs-16957.pdf plain text: grbs-16957.txt item: #764 of 1726 id: grbs-16959 author: Perczyk, Cecilia J. title: The Cassandra’s Madness in Aeschylus’ Agamemnon date: 2023 words: 8293 flesch: 55 summary: Symptoms Prophetic vision causes Cassandra physical disturbances. Aeschylus wrote his works in the first half of the fifth century, and there is no strong evidence for medical writings prior to 440.7 In his 5 Cf. S. Schein, “The Cassandra Scene in Aeschylus’ Agamemnon,” G&R 29 (1982) 11–16, for whom Cassandra’s madness scene in Agamemnon differs from other tragic madness scenes; cf. keywords: aeschylus; agamemnon; apollo; cassandra; character; chorus; clytemnestra; disease; euripides; god; greek; madness; mental; perczyk; prophecy; prophetess; studies; suffering; tragedy; word; καὶ cache: grbs-16959.pdf plain text: grbs-16959.txt item: #765 of 1726 id: grbs-16961 author: Chaldekas, Matthew title: An Erotic-Ecphrastic Pastiche: Anth.Pal. 12.61–62 date: 2024 words: 3402 flesch: 64 summary: Such a command to look is a common feature of ecphrastic epigram. On the large number of anonymous epigrams from Meleager’s Garland in Book 12 of the Anthology and their relation to Meleager, see A. S. F. Gow, The Greek Anthology: Sources and Ascriptions (London 1958) keywords: anonymous; couplet; epigram; greek; hellenistic; lines; meleager; nossis; poem cache: grbs-16961.pdf plain text: grbs-16961.txt item: #766 of 1726 id: grbs-16962 author: Grau, Sergi title: Theodora, a (not so) Holy Harlot: Procopius’ Secret History and the Hagiographic Narrative date: 2023 words: 7189 flesch: 56 summary: Grau ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 447–465 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Theodora, a (not so) Holy Harlot: Procopius’ Secret History and the Hagiographic Narrative Sergi Grau ROUND 550,1 shortly after Theodora’s death, Procopius of Caesarea wrote a controversial work, the inter- pretation of which has strongly influenced the modern view of Theodora herself, of emperor Justinian, of their empire, and of their entire era: the Anekdota or Secret History (Historia ar- cana), as it is commonly called among scholars.2 A (NOT SO) HOLY HARLOT ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 63 (2023) 447–465 discussions about the historicity of these images have been going on for decades, a consensus now seems to have been reached about Theodora’s historical involvement in political and ec- clesiastical affairs, thanks largely to consultation of other sources, particularly epigraphic: Theodora, as expected of women at the imperial court, appeared alongside her husband in aulic rituals, and financed hospitals, monasteries, and churches; likewise, her role in the rescue of poor girls sold by parents to brothels seems credible.3 The portrayal of Theodora in the Secret History has been interpreted—I believe rightly—as a very traditional attempt to undermine the husband’s reputation by attacking the wife’s character and manners.4 keywords: anastasia; byzantine; daniel; empress; grau; greek; harlots; history; holy; justinian; life; narrative; pelagia; procopius; roman; saint; studies; theodora; women; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-16962.pdf plain text: grbs-16962.txt item: #767 of 1726 id: grbs-16964 author: Beneker, Jeffrey title: “Your God will be my God”: How John Zonaras Rewrote Plutarch’s Alexander date: 2024 words: 10644 flesch: 52 summary: Recension β of the Alexander Romance, which probably dates to the fifth century, reflects its Christian context by introducing changes to the story that de-emphasize Alexander’s paganism.33 In a summary of how the author of Recension β accomplished these changes, Christine Sempéré points to the rationalization of the story of Alexander’s birth, an aversion to comparing him to a god, and the omission of accounts of pagan sacrifice.34 Zonaras followed the same plan in his transformation of Plutarch.35 His omission of pagan sacrifice, to take the last point first, can be documented succinctly. The lesson of Origen’s version is that Alexander honored the Jews rather than harming them, even though they would not forsake Darius, and this demonstrates their special status.15 The rationale, as in Josephus, is that Alexander recog- nized the high priest from his dream and understood that he would conquer the Persian empire. keywords: alexander; byzantine; christian; divine; dream; epitome; god; greek; history; jerusalem; josephus; plutarch; priest; roman; studies; tradition; visit; zeus; zonaras; καὶ cache: grbs-16964.pdf plain text: grbs-16964.txt item: #768 of 1726 id: grbs-16965 author: Tsiampokalos, Theofanis title: Between Scholarly Tradition and Didactic Innovation: Maximus Planudes’ Dialogue on Grammar date: 2024 words: 8833 flesch: 58 summary: These are all periphrastic constructions, some of which involve the verb “to be” (εἰµί), while the participle potentially represents forms that are also attested in classical Greek texts as equivalents to finite forms of the corresponding verbs (see Cam- bridge Grammar of Classical Greek 52.51 with further references). However, as demonstrated by Rijksbaron, in all these works the discussion of Greek voice involves a fairly “mechani- cal” approach that stands in contrast to the more comprehensive discussions of the concepts of “agency,” “patiency,” and “change” in the works of Aristotle, Simplicius, and Plotinus, who also occasionally touch upon topics related to Greek voice.26 Be that as it may, this “mechanical” mode of exposition is typical of ancient and medieval works on Greek grammar. keywords: byzantine; dialogue; forms; future; grammar; greek; maximus; middle; palaitimos; planudes; present; studies; tenses; text; textbooks; time; voice; works cache: grbs-16965.pdf plain text: grbs-16965.txt item: #769 of 1726 id: grbs-16966 author: Roumpekas, Dimitrios title: Ἀνθρωπόδηκτοι date: 2024 words: 4157 flesch: 69 summary: 98 ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΔΗΚΤΟΙ ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 89–101 Aetius, however, seems to have included one more step for the treatment of human bite wounds before applying medicinal plasters to the skin, in suggesting a mixture of thick substances to be applied (13.1, quoted above). This paper focuses on human biting as a medical issue in antiquity and seeks to illustrate the motives and the effects of human bites as well as the treatment of the wounds that they inflicted. keywords: 89–101; bite; biting; greek; human; injuries; medical; recipes; roman; studies; treatment; wounds; καὶ cache: grbs-16966.pdf plain text: grbs-16966.txt item: #770 of 1726 id: grbs-16967 author: Carawan, Edwin title: The Amnesty at the End of the Odyssey date: 2024 words: 5973 flesch: 64 summary: Carawan ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 131–146 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Amnesty at the End of the Odyssey Edwin Carawan O QUELL the insurrection at Ithaca Zeus anticipates a resolution that is often read like a fairy-tale ending: Odysseus shall be king ever after, the two sides shall be friends as before in peace and prosperity, and, to that end, the gods shall erase all memory of the killing (Od. 24.483–486): “ὅρκια πιστὰ ταµόντες ὁ µὲν βασιλευέτω αἰεί, ἡµεῖς δ’ αὖ παίδων τε κασιγνήτων τε φόνοιο ἔκλησιν θέωμεν· τοὶ δ’ ἀλλήλους φιλεόντων ὡς τὸ πάρος, πλοῦτος δὲ καὶ εἰρήνη ἅλις ἔστω.” THE AMNESTY AT THE END OF THE ODYSSEY ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 131–146 definitive Attic edition,33 the author(s) would naturally appeal to recent history of peace-making.34 That development would be in line with other adaptations leading to the Odyssey we have, translating customs of family obligation into rituals of the early city-state.35 It would also play into the developing themes of local tradition and regional festival.36 The journey that Teiresias foretold (Od. 11.119–137) and Odysseus seems committed to fulfill (23.251–284) played out in such sequels.37 An audience familiar with stories focusing on sons of the heroes would readily anticipate an outcome where Telemachus rules in his father’s absence.38 keywords: 131–146; amnesty; audience; carawan; end; eustathius; gods; greek; homer; oath; oblivion; odysseus; odyssey; pope; ritual; studies; zeus; ἔκλησις cache: grbs-16967.pdf plain text: grbs-16967.txt item: #771 of 1726 id: grbs-16969 author: Bértola, Julian; Ellis, Anthony title: The Lost Poems on the Muses by Theodoros Gazes date: 2024 words: 11466 flesch: 68 summary: Or perhaps Leonello was persuaded by Carbone’s request but, after his death and Gazes’ de- parture from Ferrara, the new plan was never executed, so that Leonello’s successors simply inserted Greek translations. The occasion for the composition of the epigrams After a period in Mantua, Theodoros Gazes reached Ferrara in 1446 and remained there until 1449, teaching Greek litera- 3 https://www.dbbe.ugent.be; see DBBE Occurrences 27063, 27066, 27067, 27068, 27070, 27072, 27074, 27076, and 27077 (created by Bértola). keywords: anthony; bessarion; bértola; carbone; ciriaco; clio; cycle; death; ellis; epigrams; ferrara; gazes; greek; guarino; julián; kabakes; latin; leonello; manuscript; melpomene; muses; paintings; poems; roman; rome; studies; theodoros; theodoros gazes; translation; vat.gr; verses; wilson; καὶ cache: grbs-16969.pdf plain text: grbs-16969.txt item: #772 of 1726 id: grbs-16978 author: Zieliński, Tomasz title: Demetrius Poliorcetes’ Headdress in Macedonia date: 2024 words: 6427 flesch: 58 summary: Seen from this perspective, it should not surprise us that accord- ing to Plutarch Demetrius wore, unusually, a double diadem (διαδούµενον περιττῶς καυσίαις διµίτροις): Ziel ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 208–225 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Demetrius Poliorcetes’ Headdress in Macedonia Tomasz Zieliński NEGATIVE OPINION prevails in historiography about the six-year rule of Demetrius Poliorcetes in Macedonia keywords: alexander; demetrius; diadem; duris; eds; greek; headdress; kausia; king; macedonia; mitra; persian; plutarch; poliorcetes; royal; studies cache: grbs-16978.pdf plain text: grbs-16978.txt item: #773 of 1726 id: grbs-16982 author: Mayhew, Robert title: Evidence for Aristotle’s Lost Zoïka in Apuleius’ Apologia 36-40 date: 2024 words: 6097 flesch: 65 summary: The donkey (fish),46 Aristotle claims in the On Zoïka, has a widely gaping mouth, like the galeos (a small shark), and is not gregarious. 310E. Aristotle prefers ἀγελαῖα to συναγελαστική: see HA 1.1, 487b33–488a14 (contrasted with µοναδικός) and 8(9).2, 610b1–14— this latter on fish, in which he also uses συναγελάζοµαι, a verb cognate to συναγελαστική. keywords: 21–36; animalium; animals; apol; apuleius; aristotle; athenaeus; byzantine; fish; fragments; greek; roman; studies; work; zoïka; ζῴων; καὶ; περὶ cache: grbs-16982.pdf plain text: grbs-16982.txt item: #774 of 1726 id: grbs-16983 author: Adams, William H. title: An Early Conception of Inflammation in the Hippocratic Treatise Diseases I date: 2024 words: 4544 flesch: 50 summary: Instead, it is the fifth century B.C. Hippocratic treatise Nature of Man that provides a true humoral theory, one with characteristics inherent in man and comprising bile, phlegm, black bile, and blood. One of the supporting arguments for a humoral theory is observational in that the author of Nature of Man had seen a sequential change in vomitus as induced by a potent (toxic) medicine: the initial appearance of the vomitus he interpreted as being bile, followed by phlegm, then black bile, 1 W. H. S. Jones, Hippocrates IV (Cambridge [Mass.] 1931) xxvii. keywords: bile; blood; diseases; greek; hippocratic; inflammation; phlegm; theory; φλέγµα; χολή cache: grbs-16983.pdf plain text: grbs-16983.txt item: #775 of 1726 id: grbs-16988 author: Capotos, Spiridon-Iosif title: Short Accusatives in Hesiod: A Diachronic Approach to an Un-Homeric Feature date: 2024 words: 7438 flesch: 52 summary: It seems to me that a conclusive explanation for the presence of short accusative plurals in Hesiod can now be attempted. Yet, since in the Ionic tradition there was no way to analogically recreate short thematic accusative plurals, these forms are not found. keywords: accusative; ending; epic; forms; formulaic; greek; hesiod; homeric; overlength; plural; studies; tradition; vowel; ⏑ ⏑ cache: grbs-16988.pdf plain text: grbs-16988.txt item: #776 of 1726 id: grbs-16990 author: Nowakowski, Paweł title: “Do not focus on their barbarous tongue”: The Languages of the Monasteries of Early Byzantine Syria date: 2024 words: 10658 flesch: 53 summary: One, Chrystostom’s On the Holy Martyrs (CPG 4357, BHG 1186) has been a number of times put forward as possibly referring to either villagers or ascetics in the hinterland of Antioch as speaking a language, or at least a linguistic variety, considered by the inhabitants of Antioch as 9 The correlation of findspots of Syriac inscriptions with monastic sites has been noted, but never thoroughly discussed. See Briquel-Chatonnet, in Villes et campagnes 29, where she credits monasteries with the diffusion of Classical Syriac in northwestern Syria as a prestigious language of Christianity; S. Brelaud et al., “Les inscriptions syriaques de la mosaïque de l’église de Gola,” Syria 99 (2022) 273–290, at n.59 on the correlation between monastic sites and Syriac inscriptions in southeastern Türkiye: “on lit des charges mona- stiques à Örmetaş en 489 (un archimandrite, un économe, en plus d’au moins deux presbytres), Kurtaran en 490 (un ‘frère’ et des presbytres), Hazinedere en 556 (un archimandrite, un diacre et au moins un presbytre) et keywords: aaes; antioch; aramaic; briquel; building; byzantine; chatonnet; chrysostom; church; desreumaux; graffito; greek; house; inscriptions; invocation; ivb; jarry; language; monasteries; monastery; monks; names; paes; paes ivb; studies; syriac; tongue; village cache: grbs-16990.pdf plain text: grbs-16990.txt item: #777 of 1726 id: grbs-16994 author: Scicolone, Federica title: The Chest of Cypselus and the Temple of Apollonis at Cyzicus: Showing and Telling in Literary Inscriptions date: 2024 words: 10115 flesch: 53 summary: By “literary inscriptions” I intend texts that can be interpreted either as originally epigraphic texts, which were later transmitted in literary form, or epigrams written as if they were originally inscribed, whereas they could be literary compositions from the start.5 This paper revisits through a linguistic lens two groups of such epigrams: those originally inscribed on the Chest of Cypselus, from the sixth century B.C., which have reached us through Pausanias’ account of this artwork (5.17.5–5.19.10); and selected cases from Book 3 of the Palatine Anthology, which collects the epigrams accompanying the reliefs in the otherwise un- attested temple of Apollonis at Cyzicus, possibly dating to the second century B.C., although scholars generally agree on a much later date for the epigrams.6 Linguistic strategies for pointing to extra-textual visual referents, alongside allusive features, can be employed in Greek epigram to invoke lost referents (i.e. artefacts that originally existed, but disappeared with the passage of time) and imaginary referents, which never existed and are the pro- 1 M. J. Squire, “Making Myron’s Cow Moo? keywords: account; agamemnon; art; atlas; century; chest; deixis; epigram; episode; greek; inscriptions; line; myth; narrative; pausanias; readers; roman; scene; scicolone; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-16994.pdf plain text: grbs-16994.txt item: #778 of 1726 id: grbs-16995 author: López-Cruces, Juan Luis; Campos-Daroca, Francisco Javier title: Diogenes’ Thyestes date: 2024 words: 10074 flesch: 69 summary: 32 See e.g. P. J. Davis, Seneca: Thyestes (London 2003) 47, and Monteleone, Il Thyestes di Seneca 219–255. Helen, Thyestes, Heracles, Achilles, Medea, Chrysippus, and Oedipus.2 The second list, explicitly attributed to Sotion of Alexandria (beginning of the second century BCE), omits the tragedies. keywords: atreus; campos; children; cruces; daroca; diogenes; euripides; feast; greek; ii v.b; les; lópez; myth; seneca; ssr; ssr ii; studies; thyestes; tragedies; tragedy; v.b; καὶ cache: grbs-16995.pdf plain text: grbs-16995.txt item: #779 of 1726 id: grbs-17007 author: Kronenberg, Leah title: Marcus Argentarius the Iambic Epigrammatist: Homer’s Irus Episode and Philostratus’ “Sweet Cure” date: 2024 words: 5183 flesch: 61 summary: Kronenberg ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 586–599 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Marcus Argentarius the Iambic Epigrammatist: Homer’s Irus Episode and Philostratus’ “Sweet Cure” Leah Kronenberg ARCUS ΑRGENTARIUS, an epigrammatist collected in the Garland of Philip,1 has long been recognized for his puns and double-entendres, though recent decades have brought renewed appreciation for his frequently obscene wordplay and wit.2 Recent scholarship has also focused on 1 He may be identical with the rhetorician Argentarius who was a student of L. Cestius Pius (floruit ca. Unlike these three authors, it is possible that Argentarius was a Roman writing in Greek, though as Small, YCS 12 (1951) 74, states, “There is thus unfortunately no real evidence at our disposal to determine whether Marcus Argentarius was a Romanized Greek or a Hellenizing Roman.” keywords: anth.pal; argentarius; greek; hendry; hipponax; irus; kronenberg; odysseus; odyssey; penis; philostratus; roman; studies; φάρµακον cache: grbs-17007.pdf plain text: grbs-17007.txt item: #780 of 1726 id: grbs-1701 author: Simms, Robert M. title: Agra and Agrai date: 2003 words: 3853 flesch: 72 summary: Pherekrates in his comedy Graes writes: eÈyÁw går …w §bad¤zomen §n ÖAgraw.2 7 The Lesser Mysteries, alone, are also designated as prÚw ÖAgran.28 This suggests that a procession took place in the rites; and there is other evidence, as well, for a procession “to the goddesses”—perhaps a kernophoria—in both the Greater and the Lesser Mysteries, e.g., the “Ninnion tablet” from Eleusis, which may depict such processions.29 prÚw ÖAgran , however, although it may later have been interpreted as local (Agra for Agrai), can originally have indicated a procession to the goddess Agra, in her own festival. Accordingly, tÚ §n ÖAgraw may well be spurious. keywords: agra; artemis; cult; genitive; mysteries; place; supra; öagraw cache: grbs-1701.pdf plain text: grbs-1701.txt item: #781 of 1726 id: grbs-17010 author: Uzunoğlu, Hüseyin; Tavukçu, Zerrin Aydın title: New Lists of Foreign Judges from Alabanda in Caria date: 2024 words: 5828 flesch: 68 summary: The institution of foreign judges is a well-known phenomenon attested in the epigraphy of the Hellenistic period, serving to reduce potential civic complaints and disturbances arising from judicial impasses.2 There is a gap between the late Hellenistic period and the end of first century A.D. in terms of attested foreign judges, yet it is indisputable that the practice persisted throughout the High Empire, even though there was a certain decline in its use;3 and the inscriptions from the Imperial period no longer fall in the category of honorary decrees for judges in gratitude for their integrity in carrying out their duties, but appear in the much more condensed, frequently abbreviated form of lists of the members of each foreign delegation.4 It is doubtful that these show a general continuation of the institution into the High Empire;5 it appears to be confined to Mylasa, Stratonikeia, Thessaly(?), Sparta, the so-called Lycian metapempta dikasteria, and In the only relevant parallel for this kind of judge list, in the neighbouring city of Mylasa, we have only ethnic references, namely Λύκιοι8 (also found in our lists, see Block 1.c) and in a single case the judges of Erythrai who identify themselves as Ἀσιανοὶ Ἴωνες, meaning the Koinon of the Ionians according to the editors of I.Mylasa and I.Erythrai.9 On the other hand, Martin Hallmansecker has recently proposed that Ἀσιανοὶ Ἴωνες in this context is an ethno-cultural reference, primarily because there are no instances of a koinon dispatching a delegation of judges.10 16 δικ(αστὴς) Λ̣Ι̣ . . keywords: alabanda; asia; block; century; city; greek; height; inscription; judges; line; lists; province; roman; studies; tavukçu cache: grbs-17010.pdf plain text: grbs-17010.txt item: #782 of 1726 id: grbs-17012 author: Dimitrios Nikou title: A Compilation of Excerpts from John Xiphilinus’ Epitome of Cassius Dio date: 2024 words: 6384 flesch: 69 summary: [Marcus Aurelius] Ἐκ τοῦ κ-ου τοῦ περὶ Μάρκου Ἀντωνίνου τοῦ φιλοσόφου His war with the Quadi and the sudden rainfall after entreaties by the emperor and an Egyptian magician which saved the Roman soldiers from dehydration (Xiph. S260.15–261.1). Nikou ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 509–527 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ A Compilation of Excerpts from John Xiphilinus’ Epitome of Cassius Dio Dimitrios Nikou HE EPITOME that John Xiphilinus made of Cassius Dio’s Roman History was indisputably a particularly important enterprise,1 now chiefly because it preserves a number of lost books from that History.2 At the same time, however, the abridged presentation of Roman history from 69 B.C. to A.D. 229 in Xiphilinus’ Epitome was a handy source for Byzantines in- terested in studying the events of that period without having to plough through the lengthy original.3 As is evident from its manuscript tradition, the Epitome was particularly popular towards the end of Byzantium and in the 1 For the life and work of John Xiphilinus see A. Kazhdan “Xiphilinos, John the Younger,” ODB III (1991) 2211; E. Trapp, “Johannes Xiphilinos der Jüngere,” in Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon 3 (1992) 618–619; W. Treadgold, The Middle Byzantine Historians (New York 2013) 310–312; B. Berbessou-Broustet, “Xiphilin, abréviateur de Cassius Dion,” in V. Fromen- tin et al. (eds.), Cassius Dion: nouvelles lectures (Bordeaux 2016) 81–94; M. Kruse, “The Epitomator Ioannes Xiphilinos and the Eleventh-century Xiphilinoi,” JÖB 69 (2019) 257–274. keywords: 509–527; cassius; codex; dio; emperor; epitome; excerpts; fol; greek; history; john; nikou; studies; xiph; xiphilinus; ου τοῦ; περὶ; σηµείωσαι; τοῦ; τοῦ περὶ; ἐκ τοῦ cache: grbs-17012.pdf plain text: grbs-17012.txt item: #783 of 1726 id: grbs-17014 author: Hadjimichael, Theodora title: Editing the Text of Homer in Plato’s Republic date: 2024 words: 8797 flesch: 51 summary: 580 EDITING THE TEXT OF HOMER IN PLATO’S REPUBLIC ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 562–585 expected to spend transcribing Solon’s laws to six years by inserting some laws and erasing others (Lys. 30.2 τοὺς µὲν ἐνέγραφεν τοὺς δὲ ἐξήλειφεν).44 Probably the most important fourth-century source on the temporary nature of written texts is Ath. The deletion of such passages goes hand-in-hand with Plato’s refusal to interpret Homeric passages allegorically (Resp. keywords: author; cambridge; century; editing; greek; hadjimichael; homeric; material; new; passages; plato; poetic; poetry; poets; quotations; republic; socrates; studies; text; writing; καὶ cache: grbs-17014.pdf plain text: grbs-17014.txt item: #784 of 1726 id: grbs-17015 author: Sansom, Stephen A.; Fifield, David title: Epic Rhythm: Metrical Shapes in Greek Hexameter date: 2024 words: 8630 flesch: 63 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 350–377 353 in oral poetics suggest that rhythmic patterns can serve literary functions, such as to characterize dramatic passages.7 And con- temporary theorists of transhistorical poetics have explored how the rhythms of metrical verse “afford an organizing of temporal experience … in the moment of reading,” coordinating aesthetic and social regularity.8 Metrical shapes contribute to the rhythm of epic in what is known as the “inner metric” of hexameter.9 As O’Neill has shown, metrical shapes frequent or “localize in” only a few of all possible metrical positions.10 Porter argues that this regularity generates “patterns of expectancy” that poets can “distort” to create “tension between what is expected and what is actually spoken.”11 2. Density of unexpected metrical shapes For the purpose of analysis, we will call a shape/sedes com- bination “unexpected” when it has an expectancy z-score less than or equal to −2.0; that is, the number of occurrences of the shape at that sedes is at least 2 standard deviations lower than the weighted mean number of occurrences at any sedes. keywords: apollo; corpus; epic; expectancy; greek; hermes; homeric; hymn; passages; rhythm; rhythmic; sansom; sedes; shapes; studies; word; ⏑ ⏑ cache: grbs-17015.pdf plain text: grbs-17015.txt item: #785 of 1726 id: grbs-17020 author: Rance, Philip title: Some Micro-Fragments of Menander Protector’s Histories: The Evidence of the Lexicon Αἱμωδεῖν date: 2024 words: 15863 flesch: 70 summary: Although it is not found in the direct tradition of the Lexicon Αἱμωδεῖν (DO), De Stefani derives this lemma, via a more complete indirect tradition, from Menander fr. II 461.5) is cited from Menander fr. 10,3.16–17 (Exc.leg. keywords: act; agath; agathias; app; case; dyck; form; greek; histories; lemmata; lexicographer; lexicon; menander; nom; philip; procop; procopius; protector; rance; roman; sequence; stefani; studies; text; tradition; αἱμωδεῖν; καὶ cache: grbs-17020.pdf plain text: grbs-17020.txt item: #786 of 1726 id: grbs-17021 author: D'Agostini, Chiara title: Euclid out-of-place? A Geometrical Diagram in a Manuscript of the Corpus Hermogenianum date: 2024 words: 8923 flesch: 58 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 456–479 distant from the one attached to geometrical diagrams in ancient Greek mathematical thought. Tables, charts, and diagrams—mainly diairetical, i.e. created by division (διαίρεσις) and similar to tree diagrams—could offer a visual counterpart to texts dealing with rhetoric and contributed to enhancing the comprehension as well as the memorization of rhetorical concepts along with their practical application(s).1 As noted by Copeland and Sluiter in their study of the Western Medieval context,2 this exercise was tightly connected to widely applied modes of classification and schematization of knowl- edge: diagrams provided rhetoric with a visible outline, possibly making it “at once externally systematized and internally assim- ilated” (5). keywords: 456–479; century; corpus; definition; diagram; euclid; figure; fol; greek; kyklos; manuscript; rhetoric; scholia; scholion; studies; text; καὶ; σχῆµα cache: grbs-17021.pdf plain text: grbs-17021.txt item: #787 of 1726 id: grbs-17022 author: Homar, Roser title: Poetry and Handcrafts in Epic and Pindaric Scholia: ἀναπλάττω in Context date: 2024 words: 9735 flesch: 65 summary: Given this long tradition, it is not surprising that the scholia assert connections between poets and craftsmen, 1 It is impossible to cite the entire bibliography on the relationship between poet and artist. keywords: action; context; creation; criticism; form; greek; homer; lucian; new; pindar; poet; poetry; prometheus; scholia; scholiast; scholium; studies; terms; verb; work; καὶ; τὴν; ἀναπλάττω cache: grbs-17022.pdf plain text: grbs-17022.txt item: #788 of 1726 id: grbs-17027 author: Livorsi, Lorenzo title: From Latin to Greek and Back Again: Translations, Interpolations, and Abuses of a Law of Theodosius II (Cod.Theod. 16.5.66) date: 2025 words: 10703 flesch: 61 summary: This unique array of sources (the abridgement, Greek version of the full constitution, and the two Latin back-translation) enables us to tackle questions such as: how the compilers of the Theodosian Code selected and rearranged their material; which principles governed the translation of legal texts from Latin to Greek (and vice versa) in the fifth and sixth centuries; how previous legislation was updated, redeployed, and, sometimes, abused—all problems that have so far escaped the interest of most scholars.5 In other words, this article takes this constitution as a case study to illustrate methods and aims of legal translation while also showing that this practice changed remarkably in over a century in response to new readerships. Latin version 1 (transmitted in multiple collections, most notably the Collectio Dionysio- Hadriana) keywords: 48–79; aco; acts; books; cod.theod; constantinople; constitution; council; empire; ephesus; greek; iv.1; latin; law; livorsi; lorenzo; nestorius; par; prose; rhythm; rusticus; sentence; simonians; studies; theodosius; translation; version; word; καὶ; τοὺς; τοῦ; τῆς; τῶν cache: grbs-17027.pdf plain text: grbs-17027.txt item: #789 of 1726 id: grbs-17028 author: Lech, Marcel Lysgaard title: From the mountains to the sea: Colluthus’ De Raptu Helenae 7 date: 2024 words: 2330 flesch: 69 summary: 6.156–157, and pre- cisely this Homeric passage becomes the target of Colluthus’ erudite playing: in 163 Aphrodite offers Paris Helen instead of ἠνορέη (ἀντὶ µὲν ἠνορέης ἐρατὴν παράκοιτιν ὀπάσσω) echoing Homer’s ἠνορέην ἐρατεινὴν of Bellerophontes7—not wittingly but 4 Such as A. W. Mair, Oppian, Colluthus and Tryphiodorus (Cambridge [Mass.] 1928); E. Livrea, Colluto, Il ratto di Elena (Bologna 1968); P. Orsini, Collouthos, L’enlèvement d’Hélène (Paris 1972); O. Schönberger, Kolluthos, Raub der Helena (Würzburg 1993), although he strongly considers M’s reading (57 ad loc.). Furthermore, if we read b’s ἐξ ὀρέων, Colluthus cleverly emphasizes Paris’ future failure by echoing the simile in Il keywords: colluthus; homeric; mountains; paris; sea; studies; ὀρέων cache: grbs-17028.pdf plain text: grbs-17028.txt item: #790 of 1726 id: grbs-17031 author: López Romero, María title: Parenthetical ὃ μὴ γένοιτο (vel sim.) in Classical Greek: A Structural Analysis date: 2025 words: 7635 flesch: 74 summary: ”24 Be that as it may, ὃ µὴ γένοιτο ends up belonging to an elevated register in Modern Greek and this seems to have also been the case at the time of the Church Fathers.25 According to Evans, the fact that ὃ µὴ γένοιτο is doc- 20 Carey, Lysias on 31.14. So far as I have been able to determine, ὃ µὴ γένοιτο is attested MARÍA LÓPEZ ROMERO 333 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 322–342 Thirdly and finally, again with respect to ὃ µὴ γένοιτο, the relative pronoun appears in the neuter plural in three examples, two of which, as advanced at the beginning of this section, have been the subject of dispute (Eur. Heracl. keywords: clause; dem; euripides; evans; examples; greek; heracl; ion; phoen; pronoun; relative; studies; µὴ γένοιτο; γένοιτο; ποτέ; τύχοι; ὃ µὴ cache: grbs-17031.pdf plain text: grbs-17031.txt item: #791 of 1726 id: grbs-17032 author: Muravyev, Alexey; Vedeshkin, Mikhail A. title: Eusebius Pope of Rome, a Legendary Figure of the Hagiographical Tradition date: 2024 words: 7252 flesch: 58 summary: Constantius II falls gravely ill and then receives a delegation of Italian bishops led by Eusebius bishop of Rome ( 4Iܪܕ +C%DE&Cܐ ܣ&%$#ܘܐ ),8 who wish to bid farewell to the “Christian emperor” ( 4NO+ :L#P%<+ ). 644 EUSEBIUS POPE OF ROME ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 64 (2024) 634–653 Visio Constantini,29 which tells that during the campaign against the barbarians, Constantine had a vision of the cross, after which he was baptized by “the bishop of Rome Eusebius.” keywords: bishop; century; christian; church; constantine; emperor; eusebius; greek; judas; julian; muraviev; nicomedia; pope; roman; romance; rome; studies; syriac cache: grbs-17032.pdf plain text: grbs-17032.txt item: #792 of 1726 id: grbs-17034 author: Claytor, W. Graham title: Record of an Enslaved Woman’s Activities date: 2024 words: 2416 flesch: 73 summary: Ptolema’s activities also involved travel: she spent three days in Gynaikon Nesos with her children and made visits to Soknopaiou Nesos and the metropo- lis. For Isis, making beer, 2 days likewise, washing, 2 (days) and when her daughter Euphrosyne was cared for, 1 (day) and when Pabous died, 2 (days) and with her children to Gynaikon Nesos, with (her?) son Moschos, 3 (days) and to Soknopaiou Nesos … (day(s)?) keywords: byzantine; days; greek; nesos; ptolema; soknopaiou; work cache: grbs-17034.pdf plain text: grbs-17034.txt item: #793 of 1726 id: grbs-17043 author: Lefteratou, Anna title: Erotic Magic in the Pulpit: Fictional and Historicist Contexts of Gregory’s Panegyric of Cyprian (Or. 24) date: 2025 words: 12246 flesch: 62 summary: 15 Mossay, Grégoire 9, 13–14, “ingénuité”; Petruccione, REA 36 (1990) 229, an “historical error”; J. A. McGuckin, St Gregory of Nazianzus: An Intellectual Biography (Crestwood 2001) 251, “something of a disaster”; Dunn, in Martyrdom and Persecution 71, speaks of conflation; C. A. Beeley, Gregory of Nazianzus on the Trinity and the Knowledge of God (Oxford 2008) 36, a “blunder.” See also Beeley, Gregory 16–27, on the importance of Antioch in Gregory's formation and his theological beliefs. keywords: acts; anna; antioch; audience; bishop; christian; conversion; cyprian; eds; erotic; fiction; greek; gregory; lefteratou; life; magic; narrative; nicene; oration; pagan; preacher; roman; story; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-17043.pdf plain text: grbs-17043.txt item: #794 of 1726 id: grbs-17045 author: Ravani, Alberto title: Outlining the Iliad in the Komnenian Age: Between Trojan Matter and Achilles’ Wrath date: 2025 words: 9375 flesch: 64 summary: For this reading of the title see M. Cardin, “Teaching Homer through (annotated) Poetry,” in R. C. Simms (ed.), Prequels, Sequels and Retellings of Clas- 138 OUTLINING THE ILIAD IN THE KOMNENIAN AGE ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 127–153 of the war, as stated in the proem (1.1–6, 17–19): Ἀργαλέου πολέµοιο µέγαν πόνον Ἰλιακοῖο ἔννεπε, Καλλιόπεια, ὑφ’ ἡµετέρῃσιν ἀοιδαῖς, ἀρχῆθε δ’ ἐπάειδε καὶ ἐς τέλος ἐξερέεινε, ἐξ ὅτεο Πρίαµος λοιγὸν The great toil of the arduous Iliadic war tell, Calliope, through our songs, from the beginning sing and search through to the end, from when Priam nurtured havoc for the Trojans, wretched ill-Paris, cause of this evil war, whom the mind of glorious Homer did not tell … and sing also the wooden horse of Epeios, destroyer of cities, until it destroyed the mighty walls of Troy. keywords: account; achilles; byzantine; century; end; eustathios; events; greek; homer; homeric; iliad; isaac; manasses; matter; narrative; poem; ravani; scholia; studies; trojan; trojan war; tzetzes; war; works; καὶ cache: grbs-17045.pdf plain text: grbs-17045.txt item: #795 of 1726 id: grbs-17047 author: Krallis, Dimitris title: Impersonal Governance in Byzantium: Bureaucracy, Friendship, and Psellos’ Letters date: 2025 words: 10350 flesch: 48 summary: What work has been done in the direction of the study of net- 36 F. Bernard, “Educational Networks in the Letters of Michael Psellos,” in M. Jeffreys et al. (ed.), The Letters of Psellos: Cultural Networks and Historical Realities (Oxford 2017) 13–41. 44 F. Bernard, “Michael Psellos,” in A. Riehle (ed.), A Companion to Byzantine Epistolography (Boston 2020) 131–135, for Psellos’ favour-seeking 45 For Psellos as a letter-writer see Bernard, in A Companion to Byzantine Epistolography 125–127, for a survey of relevant scholarship. keywords: 99–126; byzantine; byzantium; friendship; governance; greek; justice; krallis; krites; letters; medieval; michael; officials; personal; polity; psellos; roman; state; studies cache: grbs-17047.pdf plain text: grbs-17047.txt item: #796 of 1726 id: grbs-17054 author: Cattafi, Eleonora title: The Choice between Finite and Non-finite Relative Clauses: Participial Strategy in Documentary Papyri date: 2025 words: 10138 flesch: 48 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 494–522 557 petitions, and 2356 contracts, which have been linguistically annotated for the purposes of this investigation.20 I will take as a starting point the current debate around par- ticiples as a relativisation strategy (§1) and apply it to Greek doc- umentary papyri, establishing the degree of equivalence between participial and finite relative clauses (§2) and describing the types of participial relative clauses attested in papyri (§3), also in rela- tion to the presence and the position of the article (§4). Typological overview about participles and relativisation Some preliminary aspects about participial relative clauses need to be addressed: first, whether it is possible to interpret the status of participles as equivalent to finite relative clauses and, second, if a comparison is possible, which specific types of par- ticiples correspond to them in Ancient Greek. keywords: a.d; article; attributive; case; cattafi; clauses; constructions; documentary; finite; greek; head; iii; new; noun; papyri; participial; participle; relative; roman; studies; subject; testament; τοῦ; τῆς cache: grbs-17054.pdf plain text: grbs-17054.txt item: #797 of 1726 id: grbs-17058 author: Throness, Devon title: Chiasmus in the Ignatian Inscription to the Romans date: 2025 words: 3032 flesch: 50 summary: Others who hold that the letters are later forgeries: Robert Joly, Le dossier d’Ignace d’Antioche (Brussels 1979); Reinhard Hübner, “Thesen zur Echtheit und Datierung der sieben Briefe des Ignatius von Antiochien,” ZAC 1 (1997) 48–50; Thomas Lechner, Ignatius T 220 CHIASMUS IN THE IGNATIAN INSCRIPTION ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 219–228 to the authorship of the Ignatian epistles, for convenience, the writer will be referred to as ‘Ignatius’. Some who favor an authentic collection: Virginia Corwin, St. Ignatius and Christianity in Antioch (New Haven 1960) 8; William R. Schoedel, “Are the Letters of Ignatius of Antioch Authentic?” keywords: antioch; chiasmus; greek; ignatius; inscription; jesus; studies; καὶ; χριστοῦ; ἰησοῦ cache: grbs-17058.pdf plain text: grbs-17058.txt item: #798 of 1726 id: grbs-17070 author: Valori, Ugo title: Unifying Fragments of Byzantine Scholarship: Stephanos’ Commentary on Aristotle’s Rhetoric date: 2025 words: 8022 flesch: 63 summary: On the Neoplatonic schools and their ‘choice’ of Hermogenes see G. L. Kustas, Studies in Byzantine Rhetoric (Thessa- loniki 1973) 5–26; G. A. Kennedy, “Later Greek Philosophy and Rhetoric,” Many studies in Greek palaeography and Byzantine philology, in fact, have shown that informal drafts of Byzantine works (especially scholarly and exegetical works) circulated within an inner circle of fellows and pupils.65 At that stage, they were not complete and could still be susceptible to further corrections and improvements. keywords: 154–175; aristotle; author; byzantine; century; commentaries; commentary; eds; fragment; glosses; greek; manuscript; michael; rhet; rhetoric; stephanos; studies; text cache: grbs-17070.pdf plain text: grbs-17070.txt item: #799 of 1726 id: grbs-17073 author: Ojennus, Paul title: Apollonius Rhodius and the Stoic Doctrine of the Emotions date: 2025 words: 10808 flesch: 55 summary: Idas’ model of thoughts and emotions and early Stoicism The exchange at Pagasae is programmatic, presenting models of thought and emotion that Apollonius contrasts throughout the epic. 202 APOLLONIUS AND THE STOIC DOCTRINE OF EMOTIONS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 188–218 sion; this assignment is a “thought” (νόησις).51 Second, emotions are incorrect judgments; when Idas thinks Jason may be afraid, he understands a cognitive error on Jason’s part: Jason under- estimates his, Idas’, help.52 This doctrine was always contro- versial, but the controversy was exacerbated in the middle of the third century by Chrysippus’ emphasis on the identity of judg- ments and emotions,53 and continued throughout the Hellenistic period.54 Third, since emotions are identified with incorrect judgments, they may be remedied by correcting their cognitive basis, as Idas encourages Jason by explaining why he need not be afraid. keywords: 188–218; aeetes; anger; apollonius; argonautica; chrysippus; doctrine; emotions; epic; greek; heracles; homeric; idas; jason; judgments; medea; mind; model; ojennus; philosophy; soul; studies; telamon; ἀµηχανίη cache: grbs-17073.pdf plain text: grbs-17073.txt item: #800 of 1726 id: grbs-17074 author: Cavarzeran, Jacopo; Mondini, Ugo title: A Poem on the Fall of Thessaloniki date: 2025 words: 7917 flesch: 74 summary: Thess ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 268–290 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ A Poem on the Fall of Thessaloniki Jacopo Cavarzeran and Ugo Mondini HE MANUSCRIPT Marcianus Graecus Z 529 (coll. 847) 270 A POEM ON THE FALL OF THESSALONIKI ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) keywords: cambridge; cavarzeran; city; fall; grammar; greek; ibankos; manuscript; mondini; poem; second; studies; thessaloniki; καὶ cache: grbs-17074.pdf plain text: grbs-17074.txt item: #801 of 1726 id: grbs-17075 author: Onur, Fatih title: Rhodian Funerary Epigrams at Gagai (Lycia) date: 2025 words: 4376 flesch: 64 summary: The earliest archaeological remains in Rhodia Polis, the largest excavated city in this region, date to the Hellenistic period.18 But in a philological aspect, it has been suggested that the place name Wedrẽi19 on some Lycian coins minted between 390 and 370 B.C. and Wedre- on the Xanthian obelisk from around 400 may be Rhodia Polis, possibly asso- ciated with the word wedri, meaning “city,” i.e. “polis,” which appears in Lycian inscriptions at Rhodia Polis and in an inscrip- tion at Antiphellos.20 However, Müseler emphasises that this tions> the oracle Mopsos and his daughters Rhode, Melias and Pamphylia, after whom Mopsuestia, Rhodia in Lycia, and the region of Pamphylia were named; he how Pamphylia was colonised by the Hellenes”). It is clear from Lycian inscriptions both at Rhodia Polis and near Korydalla, Gagai, and Olympos that Rhodian col- Perikle von Limyra?” keywords: 1–14; adak; athena; funerary; gagai; greek; inscription; korydalla; lycian; phaselis; polis; rhodian; studies; tombs; und; καὶ cache: grbs-17075.pdf plain text: grbs-17075.txt item: #802 of 1726 id: grbs-17079 author: Enache, Cătălin title: The Psychological Profile of the ‘Decent Man’ (ἀνὴρ ἐπιεικής) in Platon’s Politeia date: 2025 words: 11533 flesch: 59 summary: In this case, the expression ‘decent man’ would include in- dividuals who have effectively been trained as described in Books 2–3 and 5–7 of the Politeia. This suggests that ‘decent people’ are pre- cisely the public which the critique of poetry addresses. keywords: book; enache; expression; man; passage; people; phaidon; philosopher; plato; poetry; politeia; reason; sokrates; soul; state; studies; καὶ cache: grbs-17079.pdf plain text: grbs-17079.txt item: #803 of 1726 id: grbs-17081 author: Fraser, Kyle title: Hermetism and Hieratic Tradition in the De mysteriis of Iamblichus date: 2025 words: 8454 flesch: 55 summary: More specifically, the sounds of Egyptian names contain the energy of the very beings they name (ἐνέργειαν τῶν λεγοµένων)—a clear reminder of the ideographic dimensions of the hieroglyphic script.54 While the term ἐξίτηλος is not especially rare, our sources use it in precisely the same—rather idiosyncratic—context: a discussion of the ritual power of Egyptian names. keywords: corp.herm; divine; egyptian; gods; greek; hermes; hermetic; iamblichus; myst; names; porphyry; power; ritual; roman; soul; studies; tradition; translation cache: grbs-17081.pdf plain text: grbs-17081.txt item: #804 of 1726 id: grbs-17088 author: Fiori, Simone title: Unripe Grapes in Ancient Lexica: A New Fragment of Attic Drama? date: 2025 words: 4088 flesch: 63 summary: Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 176–187 edition of TrGF could easily retain the transmitted textual facies (πῶς ἄν τις ὄµφακα τρυγῷ), while the editors of a new PCG should seriously consider changing it to πῶς ἄν τις ὄµφακα⟨ς⟩ τρυγῷ. Fiori ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 176–187 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Unripe Grapes in Ancient Lexica: A New Fragment of Attic Drama? keywords: comedy; fragment; grapes; greek; lexicon; orus; studies; unripe; καὶ; πῶς; τις; τρυγῷ; ὄµφακα cache: grbs-17088.pdf plain text: grbs-17088.txt item: #805 of 1726 id: grbs-17094 author: Pinto, Massimo title: Thucydides 4.92.5: A Quotation from Sophocles’ Philoctetes? date: 2025 words: 4671 flesch: 61 summary: 23 Sophocles’ parallel was simply mentioned in 19th-century commentaries on Thucydides: S. T. Bloomfield, The History of Thucydides II (London 1829) 342; K. W. Krüger, Θουκυδίδου Συγγραφή I.2 (Berlin 1846) 202 MASSIMO PINTO 345 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 343–354 objective is the destruction of Boeotia (4.92.1, τὴν γὰρ Βοιωτίαν … µέλλουσι φθείρειν) and the enslavement of all Greeks (4.92.4, µὴ τοὺς ἐγγύς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄπωθεν πειρῶνται δουλοῦσθαι).5 According to Thucydides, however, the core argument of Pa- gondas’ speech was as follows: if the Boeotians decide against the assault, the Athenians will unleash their usual predatory violence (4.92.4, ἐσελθόντες γὰρ βίᾳ τὰ ἡµέτερα ἕξουσιν); on the other hand, an unexpected attack on the very edge of the aggressors’ land would cause the latter serious difficulty and give the Boe- otians a chance to win (4.92.5). keywords: 343–354; athenians; cambridge; greek; pagondas; philoctetes; quotation; sophocles; speech; strength; studies; thucydides; θράσος; που; ἰσχύος cache: grbs-17094.pdf plain text: grbs-17094.txt item: #806 of 1726 id: grbs-17095 author: Isépy, Peter; La Barbera, Paola title: Cyril’s Glossary as a Source for the Lexicon of Ps.-Zonaras date: 2025 words: 7765 flesch: 73 summary: On a literal reading, the imperfect ἦν suggests that the altar, destroyed in the plundering raid of 1204 as witnessed by Niketas 2 On the Lexicon of Ps.-Zonaras see generally Tittmann, Iohannis Zonarae Lexicon; Alpers, RE 10A (1972) 732–763; M. Naoumides, “The Shorter Version of Pseudo-Zonaras, Lexicon,” in John L. Heller (ed.), Serta Turyniana: Studies in Greek Literature and Palaeography in Honor of Alexander Turyn (Urbana 1974) 436–488; Alpers, Das attizistische Lexikon 3–55, and “Zonarae Lexicon,” Neue Pauly 12.2 (2002) 831. 1204–1261 (Oxford 1975) 279–296, and “Byzantium in Exile,” in David Abulafia (ed.), keywords: alpers; attizistische; author; cent; cyril; das; greek; lexicon; manuscripts; naoumides; paris.gr; ps.-zonaras; source; studies; tittmann; vat.gr; version; witnesses; καὶ; τοῦ cache: grbs-17095.pdf plain text: grbs-17095.txt item: #807 of 1726 id: grbs-17097 author: Vedeshkin, Mikhail A. title: The Authorship of De Diis et Mundo: Old Problem, New Solution date: 2025 words: 7043 flesch: 61 summary: 16 R. Étienne, “Flavius Sallustius et Secundus Salutius,” REA 65 (1963) 104–113. 17 E.g. the most influential PLRE I 796 “Sallustius 1.” 18 Bowersock, Julian the Apostate 125. Thanks to F. Cumont, Sallustius’ work became known as a ‘pagan catechism’, a summary of the foundations of the teach- ing of the new pagan ‘church’ created by the Apostate,2 a kind of positive supplement to the emperor’s anti-Christian treatise Contra Galileos.3 Over the past century, this hypothesis has become almost universally accepted.4 1 Sallustius: Concerning the Gods and the Universe (Cambridge 1926) 2 F. Cumont, “Salluste le philosophe,” RevPhil 16 (1892) 49–56, at 54–55. keywords: 229–245; author; century; damascius; diis; emperor; gods; greek; julian; late; pagan; proclus; roman; sallustius; studies; time; treatise cache: grbs-17097.pdf plain text: grbs-17097.txt item: #808 of 1726 id: grbs-17098 author: Skalec, Aneta title: XMΓ (ϘΘ) in Late Antique Documentary Papyri from the Hermopolites date: 2025 words: 8620 flesch: 68 summary: Except for pp.24, 43, 47, and fr.2 the XΜΓ ϘΘ or XΜΓ symbol was placed at the top of each written page of the codex. It appears that the sequence XΜΓ ϘΘ be- gan to be used in the 5th century, both in the Hermopolites and elsewhere.67 The first two examples of XΜΓ ϘΘ in certainly dated Her- 64 JJP 32 (2002) 21 (XΜΓ ϘΘ [ ] †XΜΓ ϘΘ ††), BKU III.1 336 († XΜΓ), O.Crum ST 172 ([ ] XΜΓ [ ] XΜΓ ⳨ ⳨ ⳨). keywords: 6th; bgu; cent; century; coptic; documents; greek; half; hermopolite; letters; p.lond; papyri; receipt; studies; symbol; xμγ; χ̣µγ cache: grbs-17098.pdf plain text: grbs-17098.txt item: #809 of 1726 id: grbs-171 author: Nieddu, Gian Franco title: A Poet at Work: The Parody of Helen in the Thesmophoriazusae date: 2004 words: 12852 flesch: 58 summary: Rostagni 17 (2001) 127–135, at 131, the scene of Agathon takes us back “a un’oralità legata al contesto comunicativo tea- trale”—rather than to an orality of composition (Herington, Poetry): in this scene the poet will try out “l’effetto che doveva ottenere l’esecuzione pubblica del suo canto, esercitando una sorta di ‘controllo acustico’ sul testo dram- matico.” 14 Frr.208 (lhre›w ¶xvn: grãf' aÈtÚn | §n §peisod¤ƒ. 918–919, sÁ tØn §mØn guna›ka kvlÊeiw §m°, | tØn Tundãreion pa›d', §p‹ Spãrthn êgein; GIAN FRANCO NIEDDU 349 What clearly emerges from the framework that we have de- scribed is that Aristophanes does not limit himself to quoting verses in a more or less literal manner, but in parallel carries out a series of operations which redesign the model text: (1) he excises whatever he deems irrelevant and unnecessary58 or per- haps even too complex;59 (2) he summarises a lengthy account in a line;60 (3) he inverts the sequence of the quotations;61 (4) he compresses distinct scenes and juxtaposes lines that in the original belong to different contexts.62 With indisputable efficacy the result of his work is bent to comic use and selectively altered to fit the parodic game. keywords: andromeda; aristophanes; audience; che; composition; del; der; die; donne; euripides; form; franco; gian; greek; helen; kannicht; ka‹; lines; menelaus; m¢n; new; nieddu; paratragodia; poet; poetry; rau; relative; scene; text; thesm; time; words; work; writing cache: grbs-171.pdf plain text: grbs-171.txt item: #810 of 1726 id: grbs-17108 author: Gousopoulos, Dimitrios title: Homer's Polyphemus and Modern Tales: A Fresh Reading of Old Arguments date: 2025 words: 11271 flesch: 58 summary: Nowadays a growing number of voices advocate a more cautious approach to the value of the various com- paranda in these tales.55 Page’s thesis that the Polyphemus epi- sode reconciles two earlier folktales seems in recent years to be treated also with increasing caution—because it is disputed not so much that Homer composed Polyphemus story in the context of a folk tradition, but that the folktales in question were once stand-alone stories, and can, with some probability, be recon- structed through comparanda. This is not to say that pre-Homeric stories or folktales featuring a hero killing a villain, a monster hiding in a cave, a pun on a name, or an adventurous escape by trickery did not exist. keywords: cyclops; episode; folktales; greek; hackman; homeric; myth; narrative; odysseus; odyssey; oral; polyphemus; ring; stories; story; studies; tales; tradition; version; years cache: grbs-17108.pdf plain text: grbs-17108.txt item: #811 of 1726 id: grbs-1711 author: Scholtz, Andrew title: Aphrodite Pandemos at Naukratis date: 2003 words: 4277 flesch: 65 summary: 7 Little indication of Athenian involvement at early Naukratis: Möller 47, 123. 8 For civic Pandemos, see 233–234 and n.14 infra; for Athenian Pandemos, V. Pirenne-Delforge, L’Aphrodite grecque (Athens/Liège 1994) The heavenly one is the Phoenician Queen of Heaven, and Pandemos is literally the one who embraces the whole people as the common bond and fellow feeling necessary for the existence of any state.13 This civic-integrative explanation of Aphrodite Pandemos (i.e., as sponsor of synoecism and/or political cohesion), and 9 Cf. keywords: aphrodite; cult; epithet; greek; möller; naukratis; pandemos; polis; supra; temenos cache: grbs-1711.pdf plain text: grbs-1711.txt item: #812 of 1726 id: grbs-17121 author: Briasco, Livia title: Graphic Skills and Literacy in Greek in Sixth-Century Aphrodito: The Issuers of Contracts and Petitions date: 2025 words: 15378 flesch: 60 summary: tenant TM Per 408030 + 415586 Ioannes 123 + Ioannes 174 NOTAE Per 4204 B 85 Aurelius Ioannes son of Hermauos 552 tenant TM Per 408249 Ioannes 186 – A LIVIA BRIASCO 569 ————— NOTAE Per 3286 C1 102 Aurelius Isak son of Psentaesis 527 shepherd TM Per 408398 Isak(i)(os) 18 – A 103 Aurelius Isak son of Victor 514 monazon and tenant TM Per 186864 Isak(i)(os) 16 keywords: ante; aphrodito; apollos; aurelius; briasco; byzantine; greek; handwriting; iii; ioannes; issuers; literacy; literate; notae; p.cair.masp; phoibammon; roman; skills; son; studies; victor cache: grbs-17121.pdf plain text: grbs-17121.txt item: #813 of 1726 id: grbs-17148 author: Dogaer, Nico title: The Impact of Rome on Egyptian Industry and Trade date: 2025 words: 11264 flesch: 66 summary: 13 O.Zürich 44 (TM 50848). 360 THE IMPACT OF ROME ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 355–385 ject to a special fiscal regime.14 Additional papyri mentioning a safflower prohibition published in the meantime are BGU XV 2484 (TM 26494); P.Coll.Youtie I 27 (TM 10570); P.Diog. 26 keywords: beer; bgu; dogaer; egypt; evidence; greek; iii; industry; oil; period; ptolemaic; ptolemies; roman; state; studies; tax; trade; vii; weavers cache: grbs-17148.pdf plain text: grbs-17148.txt item: #814 of 1726 id: grbs-17151 author: Kurpios, Marcin title: Nature, Nurture, and the Harmful Effects of Stoic Teaching in Plutarch’s Life of Cleomenes date: 2025 words: 10345 flesch: 61 summary: Kurpios ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 466–493 ISSN 2159-3159 Article copyright held by the author(s) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Nature, Nurture, and the Harmful Effects of Stoic Teaching in Plutarch’s Life of Cleomenes Marcin Kurpios HE UNIQUE DOUBLE PAIR of the Lives of Agis and Cleomenes and Tiberius and Gaius Gracchi constitutes a vast treasure trove of insights into Plutarch’s biographical project. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 65 (2025) 466–493 This paper focuses on Plutarch’s depiction of the develop- ment, structure, and manifestations of Cleomenes’ personality in the Life of Cleomenes. keywords: affective; agis; cleomenes; development; good; greek; king; kurpios; lives; marcin; nature; nurture; passage; personality; plutarch; sphaerus; studies; teaching; καὶ; φιλοτιµία; φύσις cache: grbs-17151.pdf plain text: grbs-17151.txt item: #815 of 1726 id: grbs-1721 author: Bing, Peter title: Posidippus and the Admiral: Kallikrates of Samos in the Milan Epigrams date: 2003 words: 8673 flesch: 67 summary: PETER BING 263 nÆsouw t' afigialoÊw y' èlimur°aw, ¶nya l¤geian én°rew ÉOrfe¤hn §kt°risan kefalÆn, LSJ s.v. §f°lkv III.2 and 5). 15 Cf. keywords: a.-b; admiral; aphrodite; arsinoe; cult; dedication; egypt; epigram; g.-p; greek; kallikrates; ka‹; lyre; philadelphus; poem; posidippus; ptolemaic; ptolemy; sea; shrine; temple; victory cache: grbs-1721.pdf plain text: grbs-1721.txt item: #816 of 1726 id: grbs-1731 author: De Groote, Marc title: The Paraphrasis of Joannes Geometres' Metaphrasis of the Odes date: 2003 words: 10821 flesch: 89 summary: 420 ka‹ sugkat!lye toË yeoË parastãthw faidrÚw =ife›si to›w n°oiw efiw tØn flÒga, ka‹ §ktinãssei t!w kam¤nou tØn flÒga: m°son d¢ pneËma t!w kam¤nou pne› drÒsou, cÊxon ti terpnÚn ka‹ sur¤zon ±r°ma: 425 ¶flejen oÈd°n, 32:5: 'mãrtosan oÈk aÈt“ t°kna mvmhtã 75 Dt. 32:8: ˜te diem°rizen ı Ïcistow ¶ynh 86f Dt. 32:11: …w éetÚw skepãsai nossiån aÈtoË ka‹ §p‹ to›w neosso›w aÈtoË §pepÒyhsen, die‹w tåw pt°rugaw aÈtoË §d°- jato aÈtoÁw ka‹ én°laben aÈtoÁw §p‹ t«n metafr°nvn aÈtoË 105f Dt. 32:17: kaino‹ prÒsfatoi ¥kasin, oÓw oÈk ædeisan ofl pa- t°rew aÈt«n 110 Dt. 32:19: ka‹ parvjÊnyh di' ÙrgØn ufl«n aÈtoË ka‹ yuga- t°rvn 113–9 Dt. 32:20f: ka‹ de¤jv t¤ ¶stai aÈto›w §p' §sxãtvn: ˜ti geneå §jestramm°nh §st¤n, uflo¤, oÂw oÈk ¶stin p¤stiw §n aÈto›w. keywords: add; aètoáw; aètoë; aèt«n; cod; dan; dojãzoite; efiw; geometres; groote; går; ka‹; kur¤ou; kêriow; lsj; marc; metaphrasis; mou; m«n; ofl; oâw; paraphrasis; paris; pãnta; scripsi; soi; sou; t!w; termãtvn; toáw; toë; to›w; t«n; tøn; tún; xri; yeoë; yeúw; ícoëte cache: grbs-1731.pdf plain text: grbs-1731.txt item: #817 of 1726 id: grbs-1741 author: Curbera, Jaime; Jordan, David title: Curse Tablets from Pydna date: 2003 words: 5683 flesch: 74 summary: Most names are known in the region and several are typically Macedonian.23 Tp6xa<; (2, 8) was so far documented only in Boeotia/4 where names in 'tpox­ are frequent.25 The names AuyKropi'ta<; (1), f£_!la<; (3), and Oprot­ <5uo<; (3) are new. VOU Fig. 3 7 ~or~ 8 vel [Kl:11cria<; 10 AAAOL:IIEPE tab.;~: V directly above II The overall structure, again a list of names with no verb of cursing but with a generalizing phrase at the end, is common on curse tablets, especially in the fourth century, as examples from Attica, Lesbos, and Epizephyrian Locri show.14 Here the final phrase refers to the allies of a single person (hdvou), the 14AUICA {a selection): DTWii 21: names (nom.) + £vavtia autiin c:[t]vat ana. vta; 35: names (nom.)+ 1t< keywords: athens; bechtel; century; curbera; curse; david; greek; jaime; jordan; macedonian; names; pydna; tablets; tataki; text cache: grbs-1741.pdf plain text: grbs-1741.txt item: #818 of 1726 id: grbs-1751 author: Heath, Malcolm title: Theon and the History of the Progymnasmata date: 2003 words: 11104 flesch: 56 summary: Theon The basic evidence for the identification of the author of the Progymnasmata is provided by the Suda (Y 206): Aelius Theon, of Alexandria, was a sophist who wrote an Art, and On Pro- gymnasmata (or possibly an Art on Progymnasmata) as well as commentaries on Xenophon, Isocrates, and Demosthenes, and ——— Mosé Corenese,” RendIstLomb 103 (1969) 78–84, claims that the text in Marc. If this Theon is identical with the Alexandrian sophist Aelius Theon, the author of the Progymnasmata (Y 206), then we have two entries for the same person derived from different sources, just as in the case of Nicolaus. keywords: antirrhesis; athanasius; century; evidence; heath; hermagoras; hermogenes; hypothesis; nicolaus; progymnasmata; rhetoric; sopater; speech; suda; supra; text; theon cache: grbs-1751.pdf plain text: grbs-1751.txt item: #819 of 1726 id: grbs-1761 author: Wortley, John title: Icons and Relics: a Comparison date: 2003 words: 4655 flesch: 70 summary: A considerable quan- tity of these had already been acquired by and deposited in the city of Constantine by that time; there is no reliable evidence that any of them were ever attacked or their efficacy called in question by the iconoclasts.1 Implicit in the argument (though not examined in that article) was the assumption that relic and icon were distinguished from each other in some very basic way (or ways) at that time. ” Megalê Hellenikê Egkyklopaideia 2 10 (Athens 1957) 899 col. 3. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 43 (2002/3) 161–174 © 2003 GRBS 162 ICONS AND RELICS These curiosities are exceptions, however, and should be set aside; for the most part the holy objects of Byzantium fall very clearly into one of two categories: icons (portrayals) and relics (things). keywords: efikòna; elisha; god; hands; icon; image; ka‹; man; relics; word; word icon cache: grbs-1761.pdf plain text: grbs-1761.txt item: #820 of 1726 id: grbs-1771 author: Pontani, Filippomaria title: Musurus’ Creed date: 2003 words: 14627 flesch: 72 summary: Ka‹ efiw ßna kÊrion ÉIhsoËn XristÚn tÚn uflÚn toË yeoË tÚn monogen!, tÚn §k toË patrÚw gennhy°nta prÚ pãntvn t«n afinvn, f«w §k fvtÒw, yeÚn élhyinÚn §k yeoË élhyinoË, gennhy°nta oÈ poihy°nta, ımooÊsion t“ patr¤, di' o( tå pãnta §g°neto: tÚn di' #mçw toÁw ényrpouw ka‹ diå tØn #met°ran svthr¤an katel- yÒnta §k t«n oÈran«n ka‹ sarkvy°nta §k pneÊmatow ég¤ou ka‹ Mar¤aw t!w pary°nou ka‹ §nanyrvpÆsanta, staurvy°nta te Íp¢r #m«n §p‹ Pont¤ou Pilãtou ka‹ payÒnta ka‹ taf°nta ka‹ énastãnta tª tr¤t˙ #m°r& katå tåw grafåw ka‹ énelyÒnta efiw toÁw oÈranoÁw ka‹ kayezÒmenon §k deji«n toË patrÚw ka‹ pãlin §rxÒmenon metå dÒjhw kr›nai z«ntaw ka‹ nekroÊw: o( t!w basile¤aw oÈk ¶stai t°low. A nice albeit short selection of the most important texts published by Hahn was provided by H. Lietzmann, Symbole der alten Kirche2 (Bonn 1914). 192 MUSURUS’ CREED (1) Musurus (just like Mamunas) does not follow the Catholic version with the much-disputed addition of Filioque towards the end of the symbolum:42 line 38 §k s°yen §kproÛoËsa clearly shows that for Musurus the Holy Ghost proceeds directly from the Father alone, not from the Son. keywords: aldine; ambr; book; christ; creed; cum; edition; efiw; esp; expl; filippomaria; form; greek; hahn; homeric; inc; ka‹; lascaris; line; manuscript; musurus; nonnus; note; ode; par; paraphrase; plat; poem; pontani; rome; scholia; scholiis; scribe; supra; symbolum; t!w; text; toë; t«n; tún; und; venice cache: grbs-1771.pdf plain text: grbs-1771.txt item: #821 of 1726 id: grbs-1781 author: Kohn, Thomas D. title: The Tragedies of Ezekiel date: 2003 words: 2801 flesch: 65 summary: In order to obviate the seeming violations of the Unities, I would suggest the following division of the fragments of Ezekiel into plays. According to Polyhistor, Ezekiel next spoke of the watering of the animals and the marriage of Moses and Sepphora.13 Then two lines of dialogue are quoted, in which Sepphora discloses to Chum, a figure not from the Bible, her betrothal to Moses (66–67). keywords: exagoge; ezekiel; fragments; jacobson; moses; play; polyhistor cache: grbs-1781.pdf plain text: grbs-1781.txt item: #822 of 1726 id: grbs-1791 author: Beneker, Jeffrey title: No Time for Love: Plutarch’s Chaste Caesar date: 2003 words: 6325 flesch: 54 summary: In his Alexander-Caesar, Plutarch for the most part follows the tra- dition for Alexander, but for Caesar he has deliberately minimized the role played by Caesar’s lovers and his sexual appetite, making him more like Alexander and concentrating on his single-minded quest for political and military domination. When we compare Plutarch’s version with that of Suetonius (Iul. 2), who allows Caesar more time with the king, we uncover what Plutarch might have left unsaid: Caesar did his first military service in Asia as an aide to Marcus Thermus, the praetor. keywords: alexander; caesar; chapter; character; cleopatra; life; lives; love; plutarch; relationship; suetonius; time cache: grbs-1791.pdf plain text: grbs-1791.txt item: #823 of 1726 id: grbs-1801 author: Burrell, Barbara title: Temples of Hadrian, not Zeus date: 2003 words: 7602 flesch: 63 summary: Temples of Hadrian, not Zeus Barbara Burrell HE EMPEROR HADRIAN was notably generous toward the cities of his Empire, and in return, they gave him theThighest honors of which they were capable, including temples to his worship. I consider here three cities of the province Asia—Kyzikos, Smyrna, and Ephesos—each of which Hadrian allowed to build such a temple and to take the title neokoros, “temple warden.” keywords: asia; athens; cities; city; cyriacus; emperor; ephesos; esp; god; hadrian; kyzikos; neokoros; olympia; olympieion; smyrna; supra; temple; zeus cache: grbs-1801.pdf plain text: grbs-1801.txt item: #824 of 1726 id: grbs-181 author: Bolmarcich, Sarah title: Thucydides 1.19.1 and the Peloponnesian League date: 2005 words: 11776 flesch: 69 summary: Although the evidence of these last two passages is only indirect, the establishment of oligarchies is associated with Spartan peace treaties, as is the oath of the Peloponnesian League. This combination of evidence suggests that Spartan peace treaties were unusual documents, both in the terms they used and as public Spartan documents, and in fact they shed a great deal of light on Spartan diplomacy and the Peloponnesian League. keywords: aetolians; allies; athenian; athens; exiles; greek; league; oath; oligarchy; peace; peloponnesian; sparta; spartans; states; tegea; terms; thucydides; treaties; treaty cache: grbs-181.pdf plain text: grbs-181.txt item: #825 of 1726 id: grbs-1811 author: Fisher, Elizabeth A. title: Planoudes, Holobolos, and the Motivation for Translation date: 2003 words: 9537 flesch: 46 summary: Diã toi taËta tØn Ímet°ran, Œ filÒthw, §pitagØn §kplhr«n ka‹ xari°ntvw tÚn Íp¢r taÊthw mÒxyon énadexÒmenow, tØn toË Lat¤nou Boet¤ou Per‹ tÒpvn dialektik«n pragmate¤an spoudazom°nhn parÉ ÉItalo›w, t!w toÊtvn fvn!w époyl¤caw prÚw tØn •llhn¤da metapepÒr- ymeuka, §j égriela¤ou ên tiw e‡p˙ diã te tÚ mØ t«n l°jevn gÒnimon ka‹ tÚ t!w frãsevw xyamalÒn, prÚw tØn kalli°laion metegkentr¤saw, 90 PLANOUDES, HOLOBOLOS, AND TRANSLATION tØn $met°ran fhm‹ lektikÆn, tØn éeiyal! µ ˜ti mur¤ouw épot°koi pa›daw, kín pantel«w tÚ g!raw ±gnÒhsen, §peidØ ka‹ tØn éyanas¤an ênvyen §klhrsato. 13. keywords: boethius; burton; byzantine; century; consolatione; dtd; elizabeth; fisher; greek; holobolos; ka‹; language; latin; literature; motives; nikitas; papathomopoulos; philosophiae; philosophy; planoudes; rhetoric; scholars; supra; t!w; toë; translation; t«n; tøn; works cache: grbs-1811.pdf plain text: grbs-1811.txt item: #826 of 1726 id: grbs-1821 author: Stevenson, Walter title: Sozomen, Barbarians, and Early Byzantine Historiography date: 2003 words: 10178 flesch: 49 summary: metå d¢ taËtã tinew aÈt«n suggenÒmenoi ÉIouda¤oiw ¶mayon, éf' œn §g°nonto, ka‹ §p‹ tÚ suggen¢w §pan#lyon ka‹ to›w ÑEbra¤vn ¶yesi ka‹ nÒmoiw pros°yento. mÒnoiw to›w ép' AfigÊptou §jelyoËsin §nomoy°thsen... §politeu- onto ofl pãlai ÑEbra›oi prÚ t#w Mvs°vw nomoyes¤aw égrãfoiw ¶yesi kexrhm°noi. keywords: barbarians; century; christian; christianity; church; constantinople; conversion; court; der; die; discussion; ethnography; eusebius; evangelism; herodotus; historians; historiography; history; interest; ka‹; monks; saracens; socrates; sozomen; stevenson; supra; theodoret; time; world cache: grbs-1821.pdf plain text: grbs-1821.txt item: #827 of 1726 id: grbs-1831 author: Liapis, Vayos title: An Ancient Hypothesis to Rhesus, and Dicaearchus’ Hypotheseis date: 2001 words: 5862 flesch: 64 summary: instantly elucidates the meaning of the passage and the intention of its author: a quotation explicitly taken from Dicaearchus is used in order authoritatively to settle the problem of the two prologues once and for all; and §ktiy°nai is precisely an instance of the scholiastic jargon standardly used to indicate quotations from earlier scholars.12 9 The same sense of balance is present also in Hdt. An Ancient Hypothesis to Rhesus, and Dicaearchus’ Hypotheseis Vayos Liapis N ANCIENT HYPOTHESIS to Rhesus purports to quote Dicaearchus. keywords: aristophanes; dicaearchus; hypothesis; ka‹; luppe; per‹; prologue; quotation; rhesus; rusten; seiw; supra; t«n; wehrli; work cache: grbs-1831.pdf plain text: grbs-1831.txt item: #828 of 1726 id: grbs-1841 author: Cook, Brad L. title: Plutarch’s Use of λέγεται: Narrative Design and Source in Alexander date: 2001 words: 11801 flesch: 58 summary: Plutarch follows with l°getai and indirect state- 61 See on yumÒw in Plutarch Stadter (supra n.4) 293; Shipley (supra n.1) 303; Mossman (supra n.48) The throne anecdote is the crowning touch, and Plutarch most certainly believes it, in every sense possible; he uses l°getai to mark the anecdote as an established fact.5 7 Plutarch is interested in illustrating Alexander’s greatness in the face of physical challenges, but he is more interested in 56 At Persepolis; at Susa, Plutarch De. keywords: alexander; brad; character; citations; cook; getai; greatness; greek; hamilton; l °; legetai; life; lives; passages; pelling; plutarch; sources; stadter; supra; use cache: grbs-1841.pdf plain text: grbs-1841.txt item: #829 of 1726 id: grbs-1851 author: Lamoreaux, John C. title: Theodore Abu Qurrah and John the Deacon date: 2001 words: 9395 flesch: 72 summary: Sinai gr. 383 (10th or 11th cent.), with the shared core at ff.149–154, preceded and followed by other works of Theodore 20 Parts of other works are now known to have been written not by Theodore but by other, named indi- viduals.33 Others are sometimes encountered in the manuscript tradition under different names (e.g., Theodore of Raithu).34 Others speak of Theodore in the third person (PG 97.1536D5). keywords: arabic; cent; core; deacon; dialogues; god; greek; john; manuscript; preface; qurrah; theodore; works cache: grbs-1851.pdf plain text: grbs-1851.txt item: #830 of 1726 id: grbs-1861 author: Thorne, James A. title: Warfare and Agriculture: The Economic Impact of Devastation in Classical Greece date: 2001 words: 9745 flesch: 62 summary: This figure will then represent a minimum figure for Athenian grain losses during each invasion. The overwhelming strength of invasion forces cowed de- fenders, and thus gave the invaders freedom to devastate. keywords: agriculture; athenians; athens; attica; days; devastation; enemy; evacuation; grain; hanson; invasions; land; property; thuc; time; warfare cache: grbs-1861.pdf plain text: grbs-1861.txt item: #831 of 1726 id: grbs-1871 author: Burke, Brendan title: Anatolian Origins of the Gordian Knot Legend date: 2001 words: 2729 flesch: 57 summary: The use of twisted colored cords of wool that are ritually cut, or sometimes attached to carriages, fastened in place by pegs perhaps made of cornel wood, are all details from Hittite sources that are again mentioned by the historians of Alexander when they describe the Gordian knot. We find more suggestive evidence in Hittite ritual texts. keywords: alexander; hittite; knot; legend; midas; red; story; wool cache: grbs-1871.pdf plain text: grbs-1871.txt item: #832 of 1726 id: grbs-1881 author: Payne, Mark title: Ecphrasis and Song in Theocritus’ Idyll 1 date: 2001 words: 9201 flesch: 67 summary: The words of the cowherds, shepherds, and goatherds who arrive next are reported indirectly—“everyone asked him what was the matter” (81)—and are followed by the appearance of Priapus. An introductory conversation between the two (1–14) sets the scene of their encounter, and is followed by a long speech by the goatherd (15–63) in which he describes a decorated bowl or kissubion (27–60) which he will give to Thyrsis if the latter will sing “The Sorrows of Daphnis” for him. keywords: audience; bowl; daphnis; da¤dalma; description; ecphrasis; goatherd; hunter; idyll; mark; object; payne; performance; poem; response; scene; scholia; song; supra; theocritus; thyrsis; woman; words cache: grbs-1881.pdf plain text: grbs-1881.txt item: #833 of 1726 id: grbs-1891 author: Wortley, john title: Some Light on Magic and Magicians in Late Antiquity date: 2001 words: 7455 flesch: 69 summary: They might have some connection with ancient Egyptian religious folklore, but this is as yet by no means certain.3 They seem to have sprung into existence with Christian monachism itself for they were already circulating (in Coptic most likely) when the earliest collectors of monastic lore published Greek translations of some of the lore they had picked up during their travels in Egypt.4 Many more tales were garnered into the great collections of “Sayings of the Fathers” (ÉApofy°gmata Pat°rvn) made by the Egyptian monks themselves (at Scêtê) in the sixth century5 while in the seventh century John Moschos’ Leim!n/Pratum Spirituale and the tales attributed to Anastasius the Sinaïte saw the light of day, both collections indicating that tales were emerging in 3 See J. Wortley, “Death, Judgement, Heaven and Hell in Byzantine ‘Beneficial Tales,’” DOP 59 (2001) 53–69, at 63–64. Coislin 126 with French translation of tales 1–215); critical edition (partial): Les Apophtegmes des Pères, Collection systématique, chapitres I–IX , ed. J.-C. Guy and Bernard Flusin (SC 387 [Paris 1993, two vols. keywords: antiquity; bhg; christ; des; devil; john; life; magic; magicians; man; ship; sinaïte; sorcerer; story; tales; transl; wortley cache: grbs-1891.pdf plain text: grbs-1891.txt item: #834 of 1726 id: grbs-1901 author: Hawkins, Tom title: Seducing a Misanthrope: Timon the Philogynist in Aristophanes’ Lysistrata date: 2001 words: 7276 flesch: 59 summary: Second, even at moments of the strictest and most antagonistic gender separation, the aggressive rhetoric of both male and female characters contains the seeds of an eventual resolution.1 Melanion the misogynist and Timon the philogynist The choral sparring takes place mid-way through the play, when the women have already settled upon the sex strike, but 1 Important contributions to the study of women in comedy have been made by D. M. Bain, “Female Speech in Menander,” Antichthon 18 (1984) The men begin by singing of Melanion, a youth who flees society in order to avoid marriage and never goes homeward (o‡kade) again on account of his hatred of women (781ff).2 The women reply with a song about Timon (805ff), who spitefully curses men but, surprisingly, likes women. keywords: aristophanes; atalanta; character; chorus; female; figure; hawkins; iambos; lysistrata; male; melanion; misanthrope; play; speech; supra; timon; women; world cache: grbs-1901.pdf plain text: grbs-1901.txt item: #835 of 1726 id: grbs-191 author: Kelhoffer, James A. title: John the Baptist’s “Wild Honey” and “Honey” in Antiquity date: 2005 words: 5216 flesch: 73 summary: The preceding examination of wild bee honey in antiquity merits consideration in light of a comment of Andrew Dalby: “Honey is to humans essentially a relish, a flavouring agent and 29 “Honey” produced by bees The cultivation of bee honey can be documented as early as the 26th or 25th century B.C. keywords: 1:6c; baptist; bees; honey; john; mark; matt; pliny; trees; wild; wilderness cache: grbs-191.pdf plain text: grbs-191.txt item: #836 of 1726 id: grbs-1911 author: Kelhoffer, James A. title: The Apostle Paul and Justin Martyr on the Miraculous: A Comparison of Appeals to Authority date: 2001 words: 7690 flesch: 58 summary: As Betz observes (supra n.14: 131–132), “Paul, in a case of self-ironic exaggeration, makes use of this topos, reminding the Galatians of his initial efforts to proclaim the gospel of ‘Jesus Christ [the] crucified’ ( ÉIhsoËw XristÚw §staurvm°now ) to them.” 168 PAUL AND JUSTIN MARTYR ON THE MIRACULOUS argument, he refers to “the one who grants the Spirit to you and is working miracles among you” (ı oÔn §pixorhg«n Ím›n tÚ pneËma ka‹ §nerg«n dunãmeiw §n Ím›n , 3.5a). In understanding Paul’s different statements on miracles, one must also take into account 1 Cor 12.9–10, which mentions or- dinary believers performing healings (xar¤smata fiamãtvn) and other miracles (§nergÆmata dunãmevn).30 keywords: apostle; christ; christian; cor; corinthians; dialogue; exorcisms; jesus; justin; ka‹; martyr; miracles; paul; power; spirit; toë cache: grbs-1911.pdf plain text: grbs-1911.txt item: #837 of 1726 id: grbs-1921 author: Jones, Christopher P. title: Apollonius of Tyana's Passage to India date: 2001 words: 4795 flesch: 59 summary: Philostratus makes Apollonius meet Damis in Syrian Hierapolis, just before he crosses the Euphrates, and the author’s geographical knowledge drops off sharply after the party leaves Upper Mesopotamia, which in his own time (though not in Apol- lonius’) lay within the Roman Empire. Thus N. C. Debevoise discussing Vardanes, the Parthian king at the time of Apollonius’ visit: “The account of Philostratus suggests that Vardanes’ territory was limited in extent, for Apollonius passed into Parthia after leaving Nineveh, which evidently belonged to Adiabene and hence to the kingdom of Gotarzes. keywords: account; apollonius; babylon; city; damis; euphrates; india; ninos; passage; philostratus; tyana cache: grbs-1921.pdf plain text: grbs-1921.txt item: #838 of 1726 id: grbs-1931 author: Wessel, Susan title: Literary Forgery and the Monothelete Controversy: Some Scrupulous Uses of Deception date: 2001 words: 6851 flesch: 54 summary: At the Sixth Ecumenical Council more than one hundred years later, the charge of forgery was similarly used by the Chal- cedonian bishops to defeat their opponents, the Monotheletes. From the Acts of the Sixth Ecumenical Council in Constantinople (680/1) we learn that the conciliar members were indeed willing to punish a forger by anathematizing him once they had firmly established his identity.4 That authorities at the Council in Trullo, in the absence of a perpetrator, punished the audience for the forged work suggests that they believed, unlike modern scholars, that an ecclesiastical offense had been committed if the audience was deceived by the forgery, regardless of the in- tent of the author. keywords: aco; acts; book; constantinople; council; cyril; forgery; letter; orthodox; texts; truth; vigilius cache: grbs-1931.pdf plain text: grbs-1931.txt item: #839 of 1726 id: grbs-1941 author: Bagnall, Roger S. title: Monks and Property: Rhetoric, Law, and Patronage in the Apophthegmata Patrum and the Papyri date: 2001 words: 6889 flesch: 65 summary: Abba Gelasios, added to the alphabetic collection, may have helped to reassure monks that they should not apply the rhetoric of Sketis too literally to their corporate life. The usage of the Apophthegmata generally assumes that all Old Men are monks, but not all monks qualify for the title gerôn. keywords: abba; apophthegmata; bakatos; brother; cenobitic; collection; come; gelasios; greek; man; monk; property; roger; story cache: grbs-1941.pdf plain text: grbs-1941.txt item: #840 of 1726 id: grbs-1951 author: Carney, Elizabeth D. title: Women and Military Leadership in Pharaonic Egypt date: 2001 words: 6424 flesch: 54 summary: The following will be cited by authors’ names alone: C. ALDRED, Jewels of the Pharaohs: Egyptian Jewelry of the Dynastic Period (New York 1971); W. VON BISSING, Ein thebanischer Grabfund aus dem Anfang des neuen Reiches (Berlin 1900); G. CALLENDER, “A Critical Examination of the Reign of Hatshetsup,” Ancient History: Resources for Teachers 18 (1988) 86–102; R. MORKOT, “Violent Images of Queenship and the Royal Cult,” Wepwawet 2 (1986) 1–9; D. B. REDFORD, The History and Chronology of the Egyptian Eighteenth Dynasty: Seven Studies (Toronto 1968); G. ROBINS, Women in An- cient Egypt (Cambridge [Mass.] 1993); M. SALEH and H. SOUROUZIAN, Official Catalogue: The Egyptian Museum, Cairo (Mainz 1987); C. VANDERSLEYEN, Les guerres d’Amosis: Fondateur de la XVIII e dynastie (Brussels 1971) 2 See Robins 21–55 for an overview of the role of Egyptian royal women and a brief survey of the most prominent ones. The military role of Egyptian royal women, though likewise partly tied to the dynastic nature of monarchic rule, was also connected in a fundamental way to a symbolic ideology of monarchy in which the ruler was the source of social order, endlessly reasserted, and so survived the demise of 63 keywords: ahhotep; ahmose; dynasty; egyptian; king; leadership; military; new; role; royal; supra; women cache: grbs-1951.pdf plain text: grbs-1951.txt item: #841 of 1726 id: grbs-1961 author: Gibson, Craig A. title: An Amphictyonic Decree, Aristotle, and the Scythians: A Crux in Didymus’ Commentary on Demosthenes date: 2001 words: 4760 flesch: 68 summary: If their suggestion is correct, and if Didymus cited another speech or his commentary on another speech here21 in order to clarify the view that the Megalopoli- tans and Messenians were somehow considered benefactors of the Persian king,22 then a connection between this papyrus and 18 Didymus mentions the Persian king in his discussions of Hermias of Atar- neus (col. 5.18–21, 5.71–6.13, 6.39–43, 6.50–59) and Aristomedes of Pherae (9.43–52). Nothing in Aristotle’s 9 Didymus cites Philochorus’ account (col. 13.47–58: FGrHist 328 F 155) be- fore the word study and Androtion’s nearly identical account (col. 14.37–49: 324 F 30) after it. keywords: aristotle; col; commentary; decree; dem; demosthenes; didymus; discussion; euergetai; lemma; passage; word cache: grbs-1961.pdf plain text: grbs-1961.txt item: #842 of 1726 id: grbs-1971 author: MacCoull, Leslie S. B. title: Uniformis Trinitas: Once More the Theopaschite Trinitarianism of Dioscorus of Aphrodito date: 2001 words: 5541 flesch: 64 summary: C, etc. 32So Fournet II 534. 33Fournet (II 534) thinks Dioscorus borrowed the word from some theo­ logical treatise now lost. eCopy, Inc. Uniformis Trinitas: Once More the Theopaschite Trinitarianism of Dioscorus of Aphrodito L. S. B. Mac Coull One of the historical vulnerabilities of literature, as a subject for study, is that it has never seemed difficult enough. keywords: century; chalcedonian; dioscorus; fournet; line; maccoull; ousia; supra; trinity; word cache: grbs-1971.pdf plain text: grbs-1971.txt item: #843 of 1726 id: grbs-1981 author: McNamee, Kathleen title: A Plato Papyrus with Shorthand Marginalia date: 2001 words: 6539 flesch: 72 summary: Pack2 lists shorthand texts as 1619, 2753–2779, and 2779a. On how the system worked, see Mentz3 61–75 and Mentz4 ch. 2. 102 A PLATO PAPYRUS WITH SHORTHAND MARGINALIA since the first components appeared about the middle of the first century A.D. and there is considerable variation in the surviving evidence.17 keywords: annotator; century; commentary; marginalia; mentz4; milne; notes; papyri; papyrus; plato; shorthand; signs; symbols; system; tachygraphy cache: grbs-1981.pdf plain text: grbs-1981.txt item: #844 of 1726 id: grbs-1991 author: Rigsby, Kent J. title: Founding a Sarapeum date: 2001 words: 3099 flesch: 72 summary: I suggest that Zoilus’ proposal to Apollonius was neither Ptolemaic imperial politics nor social engineering: it was instead a religious solution to a religious problem, the need to make piety a feasible part of Greek daily life. Memphites could not pay casual visits to the Sarapeum: this was a pilgrimage, the work of most of a day.12 An urban precinct and altar, the least minimum apparatus of Greek cult (cf. keywords: apollonius; egypt; god; greek; memphis; sarapeum; sarapis; zoilus cache: grbs-1991.pdf plain text: grbs-1991.txt item: #845 of 1726 id: grbs-2001 author: Sosin, Joshua D. title: Exempt from Tribute date: 2001 words: 4289 flesch: 79 summary: They appear to have proposed to take possession of three or four lots of dry land currently classified as aphorologêtos for reduced rents, for set periods of time, after which some new arrangement was to obtain (21–36). Four can be joined, so that the text consists of two large and two small fragments, which belong to the same document, but do not join.2 The document concerns allocation of land labeled x°rsow (ka‹) éforolÒghtow . keywords: aphorologêtos; aphoros; b.c; land; p.tebt; rent; right; state; tribute cache: grbs-2001.pdf plain text: grbs-2001.txt item: #846 of 1726 id: grbs-201 author: Lalonde, Gerald V. title: Pagan Cult to Christian Ritual: The Case of Agia Marina Theseiou date: 2005 words: 10882 flesch: 53 summary: 118 PAGAN CULT TO CHRISTIAN RITUAL Figure 1: Western Athens Anne Hooton, American School of Classical Studies, Agora Excavations GERALD V. LALONDE 119 Figure 2: Northeast spur of Hill of the Nymphs Adapted from Julius Schmidt (in Curtius, Karten, pl. 7) 120 PAGAN CULT TO CHRISTIAN RITUAL Figure 3: Athens in 1931 from summit of Hill of the Nymphs, Northeast spur and Church of Agia Marina in foreground Photo, American School of Classical Studies at Athens: Agora Excavations GERALD V. LALONDE 121 Figure 4: Cave church as baptistery in modern structure of Agia Marina Photo, courtesy of E. Tasoulas 122 PAGAN CULT TO CHRISTIAN RITUAL Figure 5: Foreground: Church of Agia Marina Theseiou, 1868 or 1875 Photo, F. Bonfils; courtesy E. Antonatos GERALD V. LALONDE 123 Figure 6: Ancient cave-cistern and rock-cut well crowned by troullos of church of Agia Marina Theseiou Plan and section: after EÍretÆrion t«n Mnhme¤vn t∞w ÑEllãdow, fig. To that end, this essay will address the early-modern fertility and healing rituals of the Church of Agia Marina in the Theseion district of Athens, rituals that have been the subject of an unusual number of claims of derivation from gods, heroes, nymphs, cults, and shrines of the Classical Greeks. keywords: agia marina; antiquity; athens; cave; century; christian; church; cult; evidence; gerald; greek; healing; hill; lalonde; modern; nymphs; pagan; ritual; rock; shrine; sliding; spur cache: grbs-201.pdf plain text: grbs-201.txt item: #847 of 1726 id: grbs-2011 author: Keenan, James G. title: ‘Die Binnenwanderung’ in Byzantine Egypt date: 2001 words: 9004 flesch: 67 summary: In addition to evidence for residence changes across nomes, the papyri provide testimony for movement within nomes, whether from village to city, from city to village, or between villages. XVI 1961 is the only mention of this Herakleopolite village. keywords: antinoopolis; arsinoite; aurelius; century; diãgvn; egypt; flavius; hermopolite; keenan; nome; oxyrhynchus; p.cair.masp; p.oxy; place; property; residence; village cache: grbs-2011.pdf plain text: grbs-2011.txt item: #848 of 1726 id: grbs-2021 author: Lanni, Adriaan title: The Homicide Courts and the Dikasteria: A Paradigm not Followed date: 2000 words: 7050 flesch: 51 summary: 13For example, the speaker in Antiphon 6.6 discusses the unique procedures of the homicide courts and the speaker in Demosthenes 23.73–74 emphasizes the similarity between the Areopagus and other homicide courts. Examination of the four surviving speeches written for delivery in the Areopagus (Ant. 1, Lys. 3, 4, 7) and the two written for the other homicide courts (Ant. 6, Lys. 1) gives some indication of the extent to which the rules and procedures of these special courts would have affected litigants’ use of material ¶jv toË prãgmatow.27 Speakers in the homicide courts are more skittish about citing their services to the state or slandering their opponents than popular court speakers, but irrelevancy was by no means absent from litigation in these courts. keywords: antiphon; areopagus; athenian; case; character; dikasteria; homicide courts; law; litigants; procedures; rule; speaker cache: grbs-2021.pdf plain text: grbs-2021.txt item: #849 of 1726 id: grbs-2031 author: Sogno, Cristiana title: The Ideal of Political Moderation in Aristotle's Athenaion Politeia date: 2000 words: 6254 flesch: 59 summary: In Aristotle’s account, the Four Hundred were established in a completely legal and peaceful way, even though Thucydides depicts a real coup accomplished by means of terror, brute force, and deceit.41 Aristotle did not need to go so far as to distort historical reality beyond the fact of the oligarchic coup. However, the extremists, such as the nobles who belonged to the hetaireiai, would have no doubt wished for a tight oligarchy supported by Sparta.38 Aristotle nevertheless does not mention either Critias or Theramenes, certainly two prominent members and active participants in the establishment of the Thirty. keywords: aristotle; ath.pol; athenian; athens; judgment; ka‹; pericles; regime; rhodes; solon; theramenes; thirty; thucydides cache: grbs-2031.pdf plain text: grbs-2031.txt item: #850 of 1726 id: grbs-2041 author: Dmitriev, Sviatoslav title: Observations on the Historical Geography of Roman Lycaonia date: 2000 words: 10837 flesch: 67 summary: The territory of the “eleventh strategia” has been identified either as a part of Lycaonia known as Lycaonia Antiochiana , with its capital in Cybistra, or as the similarly mysterious strategia Antiochiana.30 35 Syme, Anatolica 155 and RP I 130–131: 63 B.C.; see also R. Teja, “Die römische Provinz Kappadokien in der Prinzipatszeit,” ANRW II.7.2 (1980) 1103; Magie I 375, “the region of Cybistra in southeastern Lycaonia”; Mitchell I 32, “the eastern part of Lycaonia around Cybistra.” keywords: a.d; antiochiana; asia; b.c; cappadocia; century; cicero; cilicia; derbe; galatia; iconium; isaurians; lycaonia; magie; pliny; roman; strabo; strategia; supra; syme; territory cache: grbs-2041.pdf plain text: grbs-2041.txt item: #851 of 1726 id: grbs-2051 author: Burton, Joan B. title: Abduction and Elopement in the Byzantine Novel date: 2000 words: 11849 flesch: 57 summary: 382 ABDUCTION AND ELOPEMENT within the church also, the question of the female’s consent was at times judged irrelevant: both Canon 27 of the Council of Chal- cedon (A.D. 451) and Canon 92 of the Council in Trullo (A.D. 691/2) prohibited abduction marriages, regardless of consent.1 8 Basil’s canons continued to be influential, however, which allowed abductions to result in marriages if all concerned parties consented, including church and parents, with forcible abductions requiring only penance in addition.19 From the eleventh to the thirteenth century, the legitimacy of abduction marriages was an area of vigorous controversy for legal theorists of both canon and civil law, with varied results. Non-consensual abductions by suitors in the Greek novels A comparison with abductions in other Greek novels under- scores the innovation of Prodromos’s abduction. keywords: abduction; byzantine; century; church; dosikles; elopement; girl; greek; hero; heroine; law; love; marriage; non; novel; pirates; prodromos; rhodanthe; supra cache: grbs-2051.pdf plain text: grbs-2051.txt item: #852 of 1726 id: grbs-2061 author: Larson, Stephanie title: Boiotia, Athens, the Peisistratids and the Odyssey’s Catalogue of Heroines date: 2000 words: 11424 flesch: 61 summary: ”1 As is well known, ancient Greeks were fond of catalogues, especially those recounting heroic genealogies, such as the Hesiodic Ehoiai, another early example of a specifically female- oriented catalogue.2 Such lists were not concerned solely with portraying women per se, although the female figures of catalogues were significant mythological characters. Consider Odysseus’ own words as he begins his catalogue in the Odyssey: éristÆvn êloxoi ¶san ±d¢ yÊgatrew , “they were the wives and daughters of the best men” (11.227).3 Brief mention of heroines in catalogues thus served to recall myths of related heroes; it was the womens’ male relations who mattered most, their 1 The following are cited by authors’ names alone: T. GANTZ, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources (Baltimore 1993); J. LARSON, Greek Heroine Cults (Madison 1995); A. SCHACHTER, Cults of Boiotia (BICS 38.1–4 keywords: athenian; athens; audience; boiotian; building; catalogue; central; century; cult; evidence; greece; greek; heroines; larson; odysseus; odyssey; peisistratid; ptoon; sanctuary; schachter; site; supra; thebes; thessalian; thessaly; west cache: grbs-2061.pdf plain text: grbs-2061.txt item: #853 of 1726 id: grbs-2071 author: Rance, Philip title: Simulacra Pugnae: The Literary and Historical Tradition of Mock Battles in the Roman and Early Byzantine Army date: 2000 words: 19082 flesch: 55 summary: In the context of the 630s, the Miracula Sancti Anastasii Persae refers to these, apparently well-known, exercises taking place at Palestinian Caesarea in a festival at the beginning of March, when “a traditional custom, as you know, prevails among soldiers to equip their horses, ride them out onto the plain, and to drill them, presenting through this something just like a military engagement” (¶yimÒw tiw, …w ‡ste, parãdosiw kra- te› parå to›w strati%taiw kosme›n toÁw ·ppouw ka‹ §j°rxesyai §p‹ tÚ ped¤on ka‹ §ggumnãzein aÈtoÊw, Àsper polemikÒn ti sÊm- bolon §k toÊtou katamhnÊontaw).71 These manoeuvres also recall those which Narses organised for his army in early spring of 554, “making them charge, practice regular evolutions on horseback, and perform elaborate circling movements in the manner of a war-dance” (Nars!w d¢ §jaske›n ge §p‹ pl°on aÈtoÁw §k°leue tå pol°mia ka‹ §perr%nnue tÚn yumÚn ta›w kay' $m°ran mel°taiw, For selected aspects of Roman military training see the relevant papers collected in R. W. Davies, Service in the Roman Army, edd. keywords: armatura; army; battle; cavalry; century; combat; contemporary; day; description; enemy; evidence; exercises; general; george; heraclius; horsmann; infantry; ka‹; line; livy; manoeuvres; maurice; military; mock; onasander; passage; philip; practice; pugnae; rance; roman; scale; scipio; simulacra; sources; strategicon; supra; tactical; tactics; tradition; training; troops; units; vegetius; weapons; xenophon cache: grbs-2071.pdf plain text: grbs-2071.txt item: #854 of 1726 id: grbs-2081 author: Sivan, Hagith title: From Byzantine to Persian Jerusalem: Jewish Perspectives and Jewish/Christian Polemics date: 2000 words: 11189 flesch: 59 summary: As can be seen, reckoning 550 years of Byzantine control over the fate of Israel is part of a general numerical scheme or periodization of Jewish history. The point is that the figure attempts to present a concrete event of great magnitude in Jewish history. keywords: acre; byzantine; century; christian; conquest; date; end; events; history; islamic; israel; jerusalem; jews; land; late; messiah; number; palestine; persian; persian jerusalem; piyyut; piyyutim; poetry; sasanian; supra; temple cache: grbs-2081.pdf plain text: grbs-2081.txt item: #855 of 1726 id: grbs-21 author: Desmond, William title: Punishments and the Conclusion of Herodotus’ Histories date: 2004 words: 7366 flesch: 49 summary: Solon’s advice to Croesus has often beenOapplied to Herodotus’ Histories themselves: Is the con- clusion of Herodotus’ work a fitting and satisfying one? keywords: artayctes; artembares; conclusion; cyrus; darius; divine; greek; herodotus; histories; history; human; persian; punishments; revenge; son; supra; xerxes cache: grbs-21.pdf plain text: grbs-21.txt item: #856 of 1726 id: grbs-2101 author: Slater, William J. title: Gnomology and Criticism date: 2000 words: 8150 flesch: 65 summary: The attitude of the young men in Plato’s Republic to Cephalus’s citation of a piece of Simonidean wisdom shows as much, and Aristotle notoriously considered that only the vulgar would admire these maxims, which are the forte of old men (Rh. 2.21.9 1395a6–7). Such stories and sayings about old men dancing that survive have to do largely with symposia, and the influence of wine, and presum- 32 The note of S. D. Olson, Aristophanes Peace (Oxford 1998), on the passage is not comprehensible: “t#w pug#w is para prosdokian for t#w tÊxhw ,” comparing our Phrynichus fr.9, Eur. keywords: audience; criticism; euripides; gnomology; greek; man; maxim; men; nurse; oxford; people; pindar; remark; sense; slater; sophists; text; thought; william; wisdom cache: grbs-2101.pdf plain text: grbs-2101.txt item: #857 of 1726 id: grbs-211 author: Lateiner, Donald title: Signifying Names and Other Ominous Accidental Utterances in Classical Historiography date: 2005 words: 8439 flesch: 62 summary: Cicero’s efforts show that irresistible entertainment emerged from signifying names, even in supposedly serious judicial venues.46 Historical incidents hinge on such names and occasionally show life imitating art (see below on Philonides). Never- theless, Hornblower may rightly have identified an aversion of Thucydides to ominous names when he suggests that he was “reacting against Herodotus” and popular fifth-century prac- tice by avoiding the mention of “lucky names. keywords: cicero; divination; donald; e.g.; examples; greek; halliday; hdt; herodotus; kledon; lateiner; names; omen; plut; puns; religion; roman; spartan; tarentines; word cache: grbs-211.pdf plain text: grbs-211.txt item: #858 of 1726 id: grbs-2111 author: Pickering, Peter title: Repetitions and their Removal by the Copyists of Greek Tragedy date: 2000 words: 5111 flesch: 58 summary: 1.1 Apographs: Erroneous repetitions Any rigorous study must attempt to separate out erroneous repetition by an individual copyist from other sources of error, especially ones due to contamination in an open recension. But erroneous repetitions may be due rather to the retention in the scribe’s mind of a word encountered recently. keywords: apograph; euripides; influence; line; lêphn; manuscript; removal; repetition; word cache: grbs-2111.pdf plain text: grbs-2111.txt item: #859 of 1726 id: grbs-2121 author: Dyson, Michael; Lee, Kevin H. title: Talthybius in Euripides’ Troades date: 2000 words: 12728 flesch: 57 summary: On this basis a more precise reading can be given of Talthybius’ exchanges with Hecuba and his conduct towards Cassandra, and a nuance can be observed in his role as herald in that, although essentially an instrument of others, he exercises significant independence in the way he carries out his orders. All Talthybius does is to ask Hecuba to see that it is a good thing for Cassandra to share a king’s bed (259). keywords: agamemnon; andromache; burial; cassandra; dyson; euripides; fact; greek; hecuba; herald; lee; play; scene; talthybius; troades; women cache: grbs-2121.pdf plain text: grbs-2121.txt item: #860 of 1726 id: grbs-2131 author: Cameron, Alan title: The Poet, the Bishop, and the Harlot date: 2000 words: 4897 flesch: 59 summary: 182 THE POET, THE BISHOP, AND THE HARLOT II A fascinating and original article by Enrico Livrea claims to have solved the Nonnian question.23 According to Livrea, like Synesius Nonnus too became a bishop; he is to be identified with Nonnus bishop of Edessa in the second half of the fifth century. Everything else Jacob says of bishop Nonnus is conventional: holy, chaste, glorious, God-loving, and “perfect in his whole way of life.” keywords: antioch; bishop; chrysostom; dionysiaca; edessa; harlot; jacob; life; nonnus; pagan; paraphrase; pelagia; poet; supra cache: grbs-2131.pdf plain text: grbs-2131.txt item: #861 of 1726 id: grbs-2141 author: Sosin, Joshua D. title: A Missing Woman: the Hellenistic Leases from Thespiae Revisited date: 2000 words: 4267 flesch: 74 summary: 56 A MISSING WOMAN Finally, on these restorations the phrases that describe the lease of the two properties reflect the contemporary leasing- formula attested at Thespiae, §misy!sato tån pår + personal name in the genitive , which can be observed in the archive discussed above. t¤[v] §n t ÉAl[o]i[. . . . . keywords: drachmas; feyel; holleaux; land; leases; muses; osborne; plot; property; pår; tån; tún cache: grbs-2141.pdf plain text: grbs-2141.txt item: #862 of 1726 id: grbs-2151 author: Hübner, Wolfgang title: The Ptolemaic View of the Universe date: 2000 words: 9781 flesch: 67 summary: Franz Boll72 has shown that in the philosophical discussion, here again Ptolemy is not original-although he does not depend on Poseidonios, as Boll believed-but when he united his astronomical and his geo­ graphical interests relating the variegated terrestrialrtotKtAia of mankind to the city of stars (the heavenly Auxv6nol..u;;), and when he implemented the general strategy of relativism with an extremely sophisticated astrological cross-interdependence of opposite triplicities, this seems to have been his own invention. eCopy, Inc. The Ptolemaic View of the Universe Wolfgang Hubner T HE ANCIENT GEOCENTRIC SYSTEM commonly is termed 'Ptolemaic, and the same is said even of ancient astrologicallore,1 although Ptolemy did not invent either the geocentric or the astrological system. keywords: der; earth; eastern; figure; hubner; kat; moon; north; order; planets; ptolemaic; ptolemy; ruler; saturn; signs; south; southern; sun; supra; system; triplicities; triplicity; universe; venus; view; western; wolgang cache: grbs-2151.pdf plain text: grbs-2151.txt item: #863 of 1726 id: grbs-2161 author: Hose, Martin title: Post-Colonial Theory and Greek Literature in Rome date: 1999 words: 8822 flesch: 60 summary: Post-colonial theory and Greek literature in Rome Hose, Martin Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1999; 40, 4; ProQuest pg. The description of the Roman political system in Greek terms would have led to new interpretations and also implications arising from Greek political theory and social philosophy. keywords: cato; center; century; copyright; copyright owner; culture; der; ennius; greek; history; literature; martin; new; owner; permission; post; power; reproduction; roman; rome; supra; theory; und; world cache: grbs-2161.pdf plain text: grbs-2161.txt item: #864 of 1726 id: grbs-2171 author: Lavers, Chris title: The Ancients’ One-Horned Ass: Accuracy and Consistency date: 1999 words: 8829 flesch: 60 summary: Some wild asses, for example, the type of animal Ctesias claims to be writing about, are so fast and sure-footed in their own en- vironments that healthy adults are almost impossible to catch, even with the aid of a horse.20 A mounted rider chasing an ass at full tilt while watching it recede by increments ever further into the distance may well conclude that the animal “increases its speed as it runs,” the truth of the matter notwithstanding. THE ANCIENTS’ ONE-HORNED ASS tributed to the cranial ornaments of other animals, none fits Ctesias’s description of the horn’s specific beneficence as closely as that of the rhinoceros.14 It is just possible, however, that tales of the medicinal properties of chiru horn may also have reached Ctesias’s ear (see below; chiru horn is still used in Tibet as an antibiotic and to cure diarrhoea).15 Indian rhi- noceroses are found in southern Nepal, southern Bhutan, and northeast India16 and were more widespread in the past, so travellers familiar with northern India may also have been familiar either with rhinoceroses, or with stories and legends associated with them. keywords: aelian; animal; ass; chiru; ctesias; horn; horse; indian; like; rhinoceros; shepard; supra; tibetan; unicorn cache: grbs-2171.pdf plain text: grbs-2171.txt item: #865 of 1726 id: grbs-2181 author: Wortley, John title: The Byzantine Component of the Relic-hoard of Constantinople date: 1999 words: 9331 flesch: 63 summary: THE RELIC-HOARD OF CONSTANTINOPLE on 12 April 1204, the city fell and in the wake of the subsequent sacking, together with many other treasures, many relics perished, while still more were dispersed, mainly throughout western Europe. As for the relics, these were beyond description, for there were as many at that time in Constantinople as in all the rest of the world.1 At the time in question (A.D. 1203) that city may well have housed even more relics than the phlegmatic Marshall of Cham- pagne allows, for relics were then the greatest treasure of the richest city known to western man. keywords: acacius; byzantium; century; church; city; constantine; constantinople; delehaye; janin; john; karya; martyrs; mocius; passio; place; relics; saint; shrine; time cache: grbs-2181.pdf plain text: grbs-2181.txt item: #866 of 1726 id: grbs-2191 author: Ozaslan, Nuray title: From the Shrine of Cosmidion to the Shrine of Eyup Ensari date: 1999 words: 7480 flesch: 65 summary: Moreover, Odo de Deuil, one of the crusaders, praised the wonderful view over the harbour and the city from the top of this hill: It gives its inhabitants a threefold pleasure, for it looks over sea, meadow, and city.lS NURA Y OZASLAN 399 characteristics of the urbanisation strategies that the Ottomans, well before the conquest of Istanbul, had applied in other cities such as Bursa and Edirne. keywords: century; city; constantinople; copyright; cosmas; cosmidion; damian; ensari; eyiip; golden; istanbul; monastery; owner; permission; reproduction; site; sts; tomb; walls cache: grbs-2191.pdf plain text: grbs-2191.txt item: #867 of 1726 id: grbs-2201 author: Valantasis, Richard title: Musonius Rufus and Greco-Roman Ascetical Theory date: 1999 words: 8687 flesch: 45 summary: He is generally acknowledged as an important philosopher of the imperial Stoa.5 Musonius is the first western author from whom we have a recorded discourse on asceticism.6 Granted, the concept of ascetical formation, verbally designated by the Greek words meletãv, gumnãzv, and ésk°v and their cognates,7 was part of the philosophical tradition prior to Musonius, and many earlier philosophers spoke of ascetical activity as part of philosophical and civic life, some of whom may even have written treatises on 3 This biographical information is based on Cora Lutz, “Musonius Rufus: ‘The Roman Socrates,’” This is precisely where Houser has correctly identified the heart of Musonius’ philosophy.41 My argument goes further than Houser’s to point to an ascetical orientation not only in Musonius Rufus but also in a variety of philosophical environments. keywords: ascetical; ascetical theory; asceticism; body; evil; good; ka‹; life; musonius; musonius rufus; person; philosophy; practice; roman; rufus; system; theory; valantasis; virtue cache: grbs-2201.pdf plain text: grbs-2201.txt item: #868 of 1726 id: grbs-221 author: Trzaskoma, Stephen M. title: A Novelist Writing “History”: Longus’ Thucydides Again date: 2005 words: 6473 flesch: 60 summary: In the prologue Longus claims Thucydidean utility and seriousness for his novel (whether to subvert it or not is unimportant for the moment) by emphasizing its Herodotean “mythical” character. 75–90 © 2005 GRBS A Novelist Writing “History”: Longus’ Thucydides Again Stephen M. Trzaskoma HE THUCYDIDEAN COLORING of Longus’ prologue to Daphnis and Chloe has attracted a good deal of scholarly attention.1 keywords: book; chloe; daphnis; debate; history; longus; mytilenean; narrative; novel; painting; prologue; thucydides; war cache: grbs-221.pdf plain text: grbs-221.txt item: #869 of 1726 id: grbs-2211 author: MacCoull, Leslie S. B. title: Gallienus the Genderbender date: 1999 words: 2625 flesch: 61 summary: J. J. Pollitt, review of J. Eisner, Art and the Roman Viewer (Cambridge 1995), JHS 117 (1997) 265. 3 4 This study was conceived in 1997 in commemoration of the thirtieth anniversary of the ANS Summer Fellows of 1967 (including my colleagues Sarah Pomeroy, Thomas Drew-Bear, and Richard Bulliet), as one of whom I was interested in Gallienus and his unusual coinage, asking questions that could not be answered with the material available then. In general see H. J. W. Drijvers, The Religion of Palmyra (Leiden 1976) keywords: allat; emperor; galliena; gallienus; odaenathus; roman; supra cache: grbs-2211.pdf plain text: grbs-2211.txt item: #870 of 1726 id: grbs-2221 author: Frost, Frank title: Sausage and Meat Preservation in Antiquity date: 1999 words: 4408 flesch: 70 summary: With enough salt any piece of meat can be made to last forever, although in mariners’ journals from the great age of sail we find uncharitable remarks about barrels of salt meat that had been to the Indies and back. Examples of successful replicas are the trireme Olympias, the merchant vessel Kyrenia, and any number of ancient artillery devices.2 4 Since descriptions of ancient sausage are tantalizing in their inexactness, I have tested a hypothesis that fits all the ancient 2 3 Modern sausage-making is thoroughly described in Davidson (supra n.8) 398–402. 2 4 And see my review of P. Valavanis, HYSPLEX. keywords: antiquity; days; fat; greek; hams; meat; pig; preservation; salt; sausage; sheep; word; year cache: grbs-2221.pdf plain text: grbs-2221.txt item: #871 of 1726 id: grbs-2231 author: Nicholas, Nick title: A Conundrum of Cats: Pards and their Relatives in Byzantium date: 1999 words: 19371 flesch: 63 summary: This means that the Cretan cat-pard was a cheetah-and, incidentally, that despite its modern denotation, the Italian gattopardo could also be glossed as II cheetah (French guepard; the normal Modern Italian term for cheetah is ghepardo.) We know from con­ temporary vases that Classical Athenians kept cheetahs as pets,10 and the cheetah is in its gross physiognomy similar to a leopard, though of a lankier buildY Though I do not pursue the issue in any greater detail here, there is reason to suspect that the ancient Greeks called any spotted great cat either panther or pard (n:av811P, 1tapOaAt<;), without any further refinement. keywords: a.d; alexander; animal; author; beast; byzantine; byzantium; cat; cats; century; cheetah; conundrum; copyright; copyright owner; description; eaton; fact; greek; hunting; leopard; lion; lynx; nicholas; nick; owner; pantechnes; panther; pard; permission; prey; reproduced; reproduction; romance; supra; tale; vernacular; wild; word cache: grbs-2231.pdf plain text: grbs-2231.txt item: #872 of 1726 id: grbs-2241 author: L’Homme-Wery, Louise-Marie title: Eleusis and Solon’s Seisachtheia date: 1999 words: 9310 flesch: 67 summary: Indeed, in Herodotus’ Solon- Croesus dialogue (1.30–32), Solon awards the first prize for ——— mention any other example of douleÊousa, §leuy°ra used of this type of en- cumbering of land in the archaic period, while he offers numerous instances in which these words designate the domination of a territory by the enemy and its liberation (71–102). But whereas in the fifth century Pericles celebrates collectively warriors fallen in battle,29 Solon here praises Tellos’ heroic deed individually. keywords: agos; athenian; athens; boundary; century; earth; eleusis; g.-p; land; liberation; l’homme; megarian; mother; new; paris; seisachtheia; solon; stones; war; wéry cache: grbs-2241.pdf plain text: grbs-2241.txt item: #873 of 1726 id: grbs-2251 author: Beta, Simone title: Madness on the Comic Stage: Aristophanes’ Wasps and Euripides' Heracles date: 1999 words: 8000 flesch: 64 summary: Particularly noteworthy are Heracles bellowing like a bull and Lyssa promising to herself that she will quickly make him dance faster and will make his ears resound of a terrifying flute. With this second Heracles Euripides perhaps hoped to repeat the success of his second Hippolytus. keywords: aristophanes; bdelycleon; beta; chorus; comedy; dance; euripides; heracles; hero; lycus; madness; man; philocleon; play; seneca; simone; slave; stage; tragedy; version; wasps cache: grbs-2251.pdf plain text: grbs-2251.txt item: #874 of 1726 id: grbs-2261 author: Jordan, D. R. title: P.Duk.inv. 230, an Erotic Spell date: 1999 words: 4004 flesch: 74 summary: Mag. 48 J-K 20 vElCuOalllcov, ocr'tt~ rto't' 1:, El-rE apPll~ et'tE %Ata), we do have erotic spells that name them: those from Egypt roughly contemporary with the Duke tablet are PGM XXXII and Suppl. = J. J. Winkler, The Constraints of Eros, in C. A. Faraone and D. Obbink, edd., Magika hiera (New York/Oxford) 214-243 I completed the present manuscript before I could see L. LiDonnici, Burning for It: Erotic Spe1ls for Fever and Compulsion in the Ancient Mediterranean World, GRBS 39 (1998) 63-98, or C. A. Faraone, Ancient Greek Love Magic (Cambridge [Mass.] 1999), to which I refer the reader for further analysis of such spells as this. keywords: copyright; erotic; greek; owner; permission; pgm; reproduction; spell; suppl.mag; tablet cache: grbs-2261.pdf plain text: grbs-2261.txt item: #875 of 1726 id: grbs-2271 author: Gibson, Craig A. title: The Agenda of Libanius’ Hypotheses to Demosthenes date: 1999 words: 12541 flesch: 62 summary: But as we have seen of his use of Aeschines, Libanius also knew his way around other speeches that were closely connected to certain speeches of Demosthenes. It was to satisfy some such market as this that Libanius com- posed one of his earliest known works: a set of introductions, or “hypotheses” (Ípoy°seiw), to Demosthenes’ speeches.2 1 On Libanius’ life and writings see J. H. W. G. Liebeschuetz, Antioch: City and Imperial Administration (Oxford 1972) 1–39. keywords: authenticity; case; demosthenes; dionysius; discussion; gibson; hermogenes; hyp; hypotheses; item; ka‹; libanius; orations; orator; order; philip; speech; speeches; stasis; supra cache: grbs-2271.pdf plain text: grbs-2271.txt item: #876 of 1726 id: grbs-2281 author: Bakewell, Geoff title: Lysias 12 and Lysias 31: Metics and Athenian Citizenship in the Aftermath of the Thirty date: 1999 words: 7189 flesch: 67 summary: Lysias' metic/ citizen comparisons and their underlying prop­ ositions should not be interpreted as isolated views or special pleading by the orator on behalf of his fellow metics.36 On the contrary, they seem to have had a least a modicum of support among Athenian citizens. Lysias 12 and Lysias 31: Metics and Athenian citizenship in the aftermath of the thirty Bakewell, Geoff Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1999; 40, 1; ProQuest pg. 5 Lysias 12 and Lysias 31: Metics and Athenian Citizenship in the Aftermath of the Thirty Geoff Bakewell T HE SPEECHES LYSIAS 12 Ken·a. ' keywords: athens; citizens; citizenship; city; copyright; eratosthenes; good; lysias; men; metics; money; owner; peison; permission; philon; reproduction; supra; thirty cache: grbs-2281.pdf plain text: grbs-2281.txt item: #877 of 1726 id: grbs-2291 author: Schwartz, Saundra title: Callirhoe’s Choice: Biological vs Legal Paternity date: 1999 words: 12449 flesch: 61 summary: 61 For a discussion of the question of parents', especially fathers', affection for children in antiquity, see Golden (supra n.S8) 80-114 and T. Wiedemann, Adults and Children m the Roman Empire (New Haven 1989) 25-32. It will be argued that the heroine's decision to leave the child with her second hus­ band when she returns to her first husband is consistent with norms that stressed the primacy of the legally and culturally constructed relationship between father and child over simple biological paternity. keywords: birth; callirhoe; chaereas; chariton; child; children; choice; copyright; copyright owner; dionysius; father; greek; husband; law; marriage; months; mother; novel; owner; paternity; permission; reproduction; roman; saundra; schwartz; son; supra; women cache: grbs-2291.pdf plain text: grbs-2291.txt item: #878 of 1726 id: grbs-2301 author: O'Roark, Douglas title: Parenthood in Late Antiquity: The Evidence of Chrysostom date: 1999 words: 10511 flesch: 70 summary: Parents might play with children by making scary faces or by telling them stories, a pastime that children especially loved.27 Some children teased their parents by constantly asking them silly questions.28 Children, using potsherds and clay as their materials, played at building houses.29 Parents might regulate the amount of playtime by hiding favorite toys, in order that children might not neglect necessary things: btt 'tWV 1tal8iwv 'tWV ~l1CpWV, o'tav ~€V E1tl8u~il 'to 1talblOV 1talbtlcwv U9UPIl(X-rWV, ~£'t(~ 1tOAAlls O'1tOUblls £K£lva Kp{m'toll£v, olov (j(patpav Kat oO'a tOlCXU'ta, tva ~lJ E~1tOblt;,T\tal twv avay­ Kalwv' otav b€ autwv Kata ) 4.20: a normal foot march day is 8 hours, for a distance of 32 km If the fighting had ceased at this point, we would have to do with a short, sharp engagement, though rather longer than typi­ cal hoplite vs hoplite battles, because of the change of direction and the regrouping during the struggle. keywords: ancient; army; athens; battle; copyright; copyright owner; day; day march; fighting; greek; hammond; herodotus; history; hours; marathon; march; men; miles; new; owner; permission; persian; rate; reproduction; supra; time cache: grbs-2531.pdf plain text: grbs-2531.txt item: #905 of 1726 id: grbs-2541 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: What May Philip Have Learnt as a Hostage in Thebes? date: 1997 words: 7555 flesch: 71 summary: In 1976 J. R. Ellis wrote that Philip had been in Thebes between 369 and 367, and that we can therefore scarcely credit the stories circulated by some ancient and modern authors; and in 1985 M. B. Hatzopoulos placed the taking of Philip hostage in the reign of Alexander II in 369, and his return to Macedonia in 367. 362 PHILIP AS A HOSTAGE IN THEBES great set battle in 358 against Bardylis Philip used the slanting phalanx. keywords: bardylis; battle; copyright; enemy; epaminondas; formation; macedonian; men; owner; permission; phalanx; philip; reproduction; slanting; thebes; wing cache: grbs-2541.pdf plain text: grbs-2541.txt item: #906 of 1726 id: grbs-2551 author: Endsjo, Dag Oistein title: Placing the Unplaceable: The Making of Apollonius’ Argonautic Geography date: 1997 words: 5632 flesch: 64 summary: Apollonius also connects the motley ensemble fol­ lowing Circe-creatures consisting of limbs apparently so haphazardly assembled that these figures resemble neither beasts nor humans-with autochthonous forms of life that ap­ peared automatically from the first amorphous substance: 38 an idea he seems to have taken from Empedocles' theories on the creation.39 The Argonauts' heroic endeavour opens up distant lands for the common man, who lacks their heroic stature; and it actually creates the way through previously unknown territories. 373 Placing the Unplaceable: The Making of Apollonius' Argonautic Geography Dag 0istein EndsjrJ I N HIS EPIC MASTERPIECE, the Argonautica, Apollonius of Rhodes gives an apparently straightforward description of the wondrous route of the Argo. keywords: aeetes; apollonius; argo; argonauts; colchis; geography; land; oceanus; owner; permission; reproduction; sea; world cache: grbs-2551.pdf plain text: grbs-2551.txt item: #907 of 1726 id: grbs-2561 author: Jordan, David R. title: Two Curse Tablets from Lilybaeum date: 1997 words: 3643 flesch: 73 summary: The texts of large numbers of Attic curse tablets, par­ ticularly of the fourth and third centuries, contain, often at their beginnings, the verb Ka'taoii) 7tpa~t uv'tla AEYEtV 11[,,]00£ Ilt OlV. 5 1to.crav 1tpo.~\V 6 Il..,OE IltcrElV The text above is Brugnone's, with my own punctuation and my 1t&[ (Ja] for her 1ta[ ] in line 5: the drawing suggests that the lacuna would probably admit two letters. keywords: brugnone; curse; greek; kat; line; owner; permission; reproduction; tablets; text cache: grbs-2561.pdf plain text: grbs-2561.txt item: #908 of 1726 id: grbs-2571 author: Curbera, Jaime B. title: Chthonians in Sicily date: 1997 words: 4830 flesch: 71 summary: This paper deals with some previously unnoticed epi­ thets of Sicily's chthonic gods and with the reflection of their cult on personal names on the island. Chthonic deities, however, may form personal names that are not proper­ ly theophoric. keywords: copyright; curse; demeter; form; greek; iia; kore; names; owner; permission; persephone; reproduction; sicily; tablets; text cache: grbs-2571.pdf plain text: grbs-2571.txt item: #909 of 1726 id: grbs-2581 author: Lateiner, Donald title: Abduction Marriage in Heliodorus’ Aethiopica date: 1997 words: 13308 flesch: 55 summary: Abduction marriage in Heliodorus' Aethiopica Lateiner, Donald Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1997; 38, 4; ProQuest pg. Judith Evans-Grubbs' survey of abduction marriage in antiqui­ ty and the Byzantine East2 omits one palmary example of an­ cient co-operative bride-capture as a device to foil paternal wishes: this is found in the elaborately wrought plot of Helio­ dorus' Aethiopica. keywords: abduction; abduction marriage; aethiopica; bride; chariclea; chastity; copyright; copyright owner; daughter; delphi; donald; father; female; greek; heliodorus; lateiner; law; life; lovers; marriage; new; novels; owner; permission; rape; reproduction; social; theagenes; virginity; women cache: grbs-2581.pdf plain text: grbs-2581.txt item: #910 of 1726 id: grbs-2591 author: Scott, William C. title: The Etiquette of Games in Iliad 23 date: 1997 words: 6568 flesch: 57 summary: The structure is not so schematically clear in the text as the narrative makes its points through individual games as they occur; there is, however, at least a tendency toward ordering events by the categories suggested in an etiquette of games. For descriptions of other games known to Homer see 11.698-702; 22. keywords: achilles; book; contest; copyright; etiquette; games; homer; iliad; narrative; owner; permission; race; reproduction; scene; spectators; supra cache: grbs-2591.pdf plain text: grbs-2591.txt item: #911 of 1726 id: grbs-2601 author: Lavelle, Brian M. title: Epikouros and epikouroi in Early Greek Literature and History date: 1997 words: 16582 flesch: 62 summary: Noone would argue that the Lycians are not idealized in the Iliad: cf supra nn.14-17 and 45 infra. Herodotus is, however, by no means alone in recognizing the Carians as dedicated warriors: cf supra with n,46. keywords: archilochus; bettalli; carians; century; cf supra; copyright; egypt; epikouros; expedition; fact; fighting; glaucus; greek; gyges; herodotus; homer; hornblower; iliad; infra; kirk; lavelle; lycians; mercenary; owner; permission; psammetichus; reproduction; sarpedon; supra; text; time; warriors; word cache: grbs-2601.pdf plain text: grbs-2601.txt item: #912 of 1726 id: grbs-261 author: Dunn, Geoffrey D. title: The Date of Innocent I’s Epistula 12 and the Second Exile of John Chrysostom date: 2005 words: 6156 flesch: 64 summary: It outlines John’s own history of events leading 1 See Wendy Mayer, “John Chrysostom as Bishop: The View from An- tioch,” JEH 55 (2004) 455–466, who argues that we gain new insight into John’s episcopate when we consider information that is not Constantino- politan in perspective. Dialogue on the Life of St. John Chrysostom (New York 1985) 162 n.41. 17 Pallad. V.Chrys. keywords: bishop; constantinople; cyriacus; date; epistula; innocent; john; letter; palladius; rome; synod; theophilus cache: grbs-261.pdf plain text: grbs-261.txt item: #913 of 1726 id: grbs-2611 author: McInerney, Jeremy title: Parnassus, Delphi, and the Thyiades date: 1997 words: 8612 flesch: 67 summary: Teiresias warns Pentheus in the Bac­ chae (306£f) that he will one day see Dionysus leaping over the peaks of Delphi waving his thyrsos. Whether the cult of the Thriai was located at the Coryc­ ian Cave or not, Strabo was hardly exaggerating when he wrote that the entire mountain was considered sacred, with is caves and other holy placesY Parnassus then was sacred to both Dionysus and Apollo just as they shared the sanctuary of Delphi, not as oppositional forces, but as twins: Apollo Lykeios and Dionysus Lykos.1 8 keywords: apollo; cave; copyright; copyright owner; corycian; cult; delphi; dionysus; god; jeremy; mcinerney; mountain; nymphs; order; owner; parnassus; permission; reproduction; sanctuary; thyiades; wolf; women cache: grbs-2611.pdf plain text: grbs-2611.txt item: #914 of 1726 id: grbs-2621 author: Corcoran, Clinton D. title: The Problem of Dramatic Expectation in Aristotle’s Poetics date: 1997 words: 4523 flesch: 64 summary: Schrier (supra n.S: 108) proposes an elegant resolu­ tion to the debate: the reversal of intention does not exclude the interpretation of reversal as a change in the course of events, but rather it becomes the pivotal causal action in the tragic sequence: Aristotle repeats 'touvav't:1ov not without purpose, referring back to 1.22, where it is used in the definition. Reversals that entail recognitions that are contrary to expectation and yet still follow one another are, as Aristotle notes, logically the best.14 But this leaves the obvious question: why are they the best? keywords: action; aristotle; audience; contrary; events; expectation; intention; permission; reversal cache: grbs-2621.pdf plain text: grbs-2621.txt item: #915 of 1726 id: grbs-2631 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: Agathias on History and Poetry date: 1997 words: 4820 flesch: 56 summary: 302 AGATHIAS ON HISTORY AND POETRY These were precisely the qualities that Agathias wanted to reunite, albeit in full knowledge of the substantial differences between history and poetry. His decision amounted to no less than a deliberate break from the great tradition of classical historiography that stretched from Thucydides to Procopius.18 Yet the specific target of Eutychianus' remarks was probably Lucian's treatise on How History Should Be Written, which contains severe strictures against the admixture of history and poetry. keywords: agathias; copyright; history; lucian; owner; permission; poetry; praef; preface; reproduction; view cache: grbs-2631.pdf plain text: grbs-2631.txt item: #916 of 1726 id: grbs-2641 author: Dawe, R. D. title: Textual Observations on Philogelos date: 1997 words: 7302 flesch: 78 summary: [KtOVl] Eberhard npo~acrov M f1Elvov f1E A: J.U:t VOfU:V M Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. M cout6v M Ei om. keywords: boissonade; copyright; corr; eberhard; kat; kut; minas; observations; ouk; owner; permission; philogelos; read; reproduction; story; thierfelder; tou; toy; trov; version; word; yap cache: grbs-2641.pdf plain text: grbs-2641.txt item: #917 of 1726 id: grbs-2651 author: Mattingly, Harold B. title: A Fresh Look at the Kallias Decrees (IG I3 52A-B) date: 1997 words: 5975 flesch: 78 summary: no. 1; IG P 31.6 with Mattingly 34f, 256; IG P 174.1-5 with Mattingly 178f, 201£, 249; IG P 127.M, 32. Methods of weighing the parts of the Nikai suggest that IG P 467-often associated by scholars with IG I 52B-should in fact be placed between 468 (426/425) and 469/470 (ca 410-). keywords: century; copyright; decree; fifth; kallias; line; mattingly; nikai; owner; permission; reproduction cache: grbs-2651.pdf plain text: grbs-2651.txt item: #918 of 1726 id: grbs-2661 author: Roisman, Hanna M. title: The Appropriation of a Son: Sophocles’ Philoctetes date: 1997 words: 20209 flesch: 69 summary: Here Neoptolemus re­ jects the human parenthood offered by Odysseus and Philoc­ tetes, each of which is inevitably incomplete and flawed in its own war' each of which answers to only part of who he is, in favor 0 a more remote, more perfect, and more satisfying paternity. What is clear is that, just as in his relationship with Odysseus, so too in his relationship with Philoctetes, Neoptolemus dem­ onstrates the same combination of an apparent readiness to be the good 'son' and a withholding of filial commitment. keywords: achillean; achilles; armor; arms; bow; copyright; copyright owner; father; good; greek; hanna; heracles; hero; man; men; nature; need; neoptolemus; odysseus; owner; permission; philoctetes; play; reproduction; roisman; role; son; sons; sophocles; troy; values cache: grbs-2661.pdf plain text: grbs-2661.txt item: #919 of 1726 id: grbs-2671 author: Richardson, jr, L. title: The Moral Problems of Terence’s Andria and Reconstruction of Menander’s Andria and Perinthia date: 1997 words: 5882 flesch: 60 summary: The moral problems of Terence's Andria and reconstruction of Menander's Andria and Perinthia Richardson, L Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1997; 38, 2; ProQuest pg. LAWRENCE RICHARDSON 175 later in the play and nothing further is made of his deception, it has been presumed that this scene has been copied with only slight changes from Menander's Perinthia, a play that Terence in his prologue to the Andria (9-14) tells us was so similar in plot to Menander's Andria that he has made use of suitable material from it in his adaptation of the Andria. keywords: andria; chrysis; father; glycerium; hetaira; menander; owner; pamphilus; permission; play; reproduction; simo; son; terence cache: grbs-2671.pdf plain text: grbs-2671.txt item: #920 of 1726 id: grbs-2681 author: Smith, Mark D. title: The Religion of Constantius I date: 1997 words: 9360 flesch: 58 summary: To date not a single coin of Constantius Augustus depicts Constantius with either Mars or Sol. 196 THE RELIGION OF CONSTANTIUS I Viewed as a whole, this evidence is consistent: the lux aeterna that Britannia had presumably lost, and which Constantius re­ stored, should most probably be the light of legitimate Roman law and government, displacing the darkness of a usurper's tyranny.29 It would be a significant stretch of the evidence to argue that this medallion reveals anything about the cult of Sol or Constantius' religion. keywords: castritius; coins; constantius; copyright; eusebius; evidence; galerius; god; hercules; julian; jupiter; mars; maximian; owner; permission; religion; reproduction; sol; supra cache: grbs-2681.pdf plain text: grbs-2681.txt item: #921 of 1726 id: grbs-2691 author: Newton, Rick M. title: Odysseus and Melanthius date: 1997 words: 7154 flesch: 64 summary: Odysseus and Melanthius Newton, Rick M Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1997; 38, 1; ProQuest pg. Melanthius is killed not by Odysseus but by his two loyal servants, Philoe­ tius and Eumaeus, along with Telemachus. keywords: achilles; book; copyright; cyclops; hero; melanthius; men; odysseus; odyssey; owner; permission; polyphemus; reproduction; suitors; zeus cache: grbs-2691.pdf plain text: grbs-2691.txt item: #922 of 1726 id: grbs-2701 author: Habash, Martha title: The Odd Thesmophoria of Aristophanes’ Thesmophoriazusae date: 1997 words: 9695 flesch: 60 summary: 2 I For studies of the poet's presentation of genuine Thesmophoric elements and themes, see H. Hansen, U Aristophanes' Thesmophoriazusae: Theme, Struc­ ture, and Production, Philologus 120 (1976) 165-85; A. Bowie, Aristophanes: Myth, Ritual and Comedy (Cambridge 1993); the role of mimesis in this play: F. Zeitlin, uTravesties of Gender and Genre in Aristophanes' Thesmo­ phoriazousae, in H. Foley, ed., Reflections of Women in Antiquity (New York 1981) 169-217; M. DETIENNE, MThe Violence of Wellborn Ladies: Women in the Thesmophoria, in M. Detienne and J.-P. Vernant. This ancient rite, celebrated exclusively by women to promote human and agricultural fertility, was one of the most widespread festivals in the Greek world. keywords: aristophanes; athena; chorus; copyright; deities; demeter; ecclesia; euripides; festival; goddesses; gods; owner; permission; prayer; relative; reproduction; supra; thesmophoria; women cache: grbs-2701.pdf plain text: grbs-2701.txt item: #923 of 1726 id: grbs-271 author: Wortley, John title: The Marian Relics at Constantinople date: 2005 words: 6789 flesch: 63 summary: Whether the sainted Augusta was the founder, or even the benefactor, of any of the three2 is by no means certain; legend here may owe more to her cham- pioning of the title Theotokos for the Blessed Virgin Mary against Nestorius at the Council of Ephesus in 431 and again (together with Cyril of Alexandria) at Chalcedon in 451.3 It is alleged that she requested Marian relics for the capital (see below), but it is not at all certain that she was successful in her request. Indeed, it is pre- cisely because it is unusual that it is mentioned at all, although there might have been the ulterior motive of conferring greater distinction on the girdle than that enjoyed by the maphorion at 16 Neatly—to a point; this is about three decades earlier than the next known reference to Marian relics, and seems to pre-date general interest in them by about the same length of time. keywords: blachernae; casket; century; church; clothing; constantinople; girdle; great; legend; leo; marian; relic; robe; theotokos; virgin cache: grbs-271.pdf plain text: grbs-271.txt item: #924 of 1726 id: grbs-2711 author: Major, Wilfred E. title: Menander in a Macedonian World date: 1997 words: 14317 flesch: 59 summary: Alexander the Great, for example, appears thus (fr. 751 K-T): 26 A. Henrichs, The Case of Menander: A Crisis of Identity? in A. Bul­ loch et at., edd., Images and Ideologies: Self-Definition in the Hellenistic World (Berkeley 1993) 180-87, emphasizes the difficulty in general of orient­ ing Menander in the context of Hellenistic culture and literature. He considers it axio­ matic that Menander • reproduces in an altered register tensions that enter into the ideology of the ancient city-state (165), but does not explain how, identify limitations, give specifics, or attempt to characterize the elements of the ideology distinct to Menander's time and situation. keywords: athenian; athens; comedy; copyright; copyright owner; demetrius; drama; fro; greek; household; identity; ideology; macedonian; major; menander; moschion; owner; permission; phalerum; plays; poet; politics; reproduction; soldier; stage; supra; theophrastus; trial; wilfred; world cache: grbs-2711.pdf plain text: grbs-2711.txt item: #925 of 1726 id: grbs-2721 author: Sosin, Joshua D. title: A Word for Woman? date: 1997 words: 3617 flesch: 67 summary: Women referred to in this way are the objects of contempt or derision: slaves who give testimony under torture, prostitutes who plot to capture legacies, women who commit sexual im­ proprieties. A word for woman? keywords: hephaestion; interest; loan; owner; permission; reproduction; wife; woman cache: grbs-2721.pdf plain text: grbs-2721.txt item: #926 of 1726 id: grbs-2731 author: Martin, Troy title: The Chronos Myth in Cynic Philosophy date: 1997 words: 11928 flesch: 67 summary: Whether these myths actually inform the Cynic world view or simply serve as vehicles to communicate Cynic views, or perhaps a little of both, is important but lies beyond the scope of this paper. 4 For a general description of Cynic philosophy, see T. W. Martin, By Phi­ losophy and Empty Deceit: Colossians as Response to a Cynic Critique (= JStNT Suppl. keywords: age; caze; chronos; copyright; cynics; diogenes; earth; goulet; life; malherbe; man; men; myth; nature; owner; permission; philosophy; reproduction; stoics; things cache: grbs-2731.pdf plain text: grbs-2731.txt item: #927 of 1726 id: grbs-2741 author: Robertson, Noel title: New Light on Demeter’s Mysteries: The Festival Proerosia date: 1996 words: 30123 flesch: 71 summary: It is natural to put the question, as the calendars in listing sacrifices do not for the most part give festival names. But all the seasonal month names that she cites can just as well be formed from festival names in the usual way; indeed one of her examples, the month name Megalartios, matches the undoubted festival Megalartia. keywords: aparchai; athenian; athens; calendar; clinton; copyright; copyright owner; cult; date; day; decree; demes; demeter; dow; eleusinium; eleusis; eubuleus; festival; grain; kat; kore; lines; megaron; month; mysteries; noel; offerings; owner; paeania; permission; piglets; place; ploughing; pluto; proerosia; pyanopsion; reproduction; rites; ritual; robertson; sacrifice; sanctuary; scholium; second; seed; supra; temple; thesmophoria; thoricus; time; triptolemus; women; zeus cache: grbs-2741.pdf plain text: grbs-2741.txt item: #928 of 1726 id: grbs-2751 author: Schmalz, Geoffrey C. R. title: Athens, Augustus, and the Settlement of 21 B.C. date: 1996 words: 8446 flesch: 60 summary: B.C. Dio gives no hint of a new seasonal cycle until the end of his brief account of the provincial settlement in Greece, which also concluded the consulship of Lollius (and Lepidus): «After completing his business in Greece, Augustus sailed to Samos and spent the winter there. In view of the probable length of Augustus' stay in Sicily, it seems much more sensible to assign the princeps' initial movements in Greece to the summer, or perhaps even the fall, of 21 B.C. Athens was probably not reached until after the beginning (in July) of the new Attic year 21120 keywords: athenian; athens; augustus; b.c; copyright; dio; greece; new; owner; permission; reproduction; roman; settlement; sicily; supra; time; winter; year cache: grbs-2751.pdf plain text: grbs-2751.txt item: #929 of 1726 id: grbs-2761 author: O'Roark, Douglas title: Close-Kin Marriage in Late Antiquity: The Evidence of Chrysostom date: 1996 words: 5525 flesch: 62 summary: Obviously the writings of a single Christian rhetor cannot be taken as condusive evidence against close-kin marriage, but the evidence of Chrysostom strongly suggests that marriages in the fourth century continued to be arranged in the same manner as earlier Classical marriages. 402 CLOSE-KIN MARRIAGE IN LATE ANTIQUITY used to establish the nature of Late Antique marriage and to characterize the relationship between marriage and city in Antioch and beyond. keywords: century; chrysostom; evidence; hom; kin; marriage; owner; patlagean; permission; wealth cache: grbs-2761.pdf plain text: grbs-2761.txt item: #930 of 1726 id: grbs-2771 author: Duffy, John title: One More μουζίκιον date: 1996 words: 2835 flesch: 67 summary: 10 8 The whole subject of the survival of Malalas in Greek and other languages is expertly presented in E. Jeffreys, ed., Studies in John Malalas (Sydney 1990) ch. 9: part 1 by Jeffreys, Malalas in Greek; part 2 by S. Franklin, Malalas in Slavonic. In Malalas, as in other versions of this famous episode, it is stressed that Cleo­ patra was under close guard during her captivity, precisely to prevent the action that she eventually managed to take. keywords: box; greek; john; malalas; money; permission cache: grbs-2771.pdf plain text: grbs-2771.txt item: #931 of 1726 id: grbs-2791 author: Anton, John P. title: The Agathon Interlude date: 1996 words: 12323 flesch: 67 summary: In fact, he goes beyond the limited application of the solution in litera­ ture to bring up indirectly the issue of education in the context of imitating the new model of conduct Socrates provides. 38B, where he offers 30 minae to free Socrates; also Phd. 117D, where he bursts into crying after Socrates drinks the hemlock; Xenophon (M em. keywords: agathon; copyright; diotima; eros; god; nature; new; owner; permission; plato; poet; poetry; reproduction; socrates; soul; speech; symposium; way cache: grbs-2791.pdf plain text: grbs-2791.txt item: #932 of 1726 id: grbs-2801 author: Dickie, Matthew W. title: What Is a Kolossos and How Were Kolossoi Made in the Hellenistic Period? date: 1996 words: 9640 flesch: 65 summary: Dr Palagia points out that clay was used to give stability to colossal bronze statues and that it will have been vitrified clay that was visible within the fallen limbs of Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. What Philo of Byzantium has to say about the construction of the Colossus of Rhodes is almost certainly worthless, although it may say some­ thing about the way in which colossal bronze statues were erected in the Roman Imperial period. keywords: account; b.c; bronze; century; colossus; copyright; copyright owner; epigram; figurines; hercher; kolossos; owner; permission; philo; reproduction; rhodes; roux; size; statue; supra; theocritus; wax cache: grbs-2801.pdf plain text: grbs-2801.txt item: #933 of 1726 id: grbs-281 author: Möller, Astrid title: Epoch-making Eratosthenes date: 2005 words: 5896 flesch: 65 summary: Returning to Eratosthenes F 1a, we find the same span of 27 Olympiads between Lycurgus and the first recorded Olympic games. His dates from Xerxes onwards are corroborated by other evidence and easily con- vertible into years B.C.; but his fragment 1a is the earliest source that allows us to calculate the date for the first recorded Olympic games, which we generally treat as the first secure 4 Ant.Rom. 1.74.2 keywords: date; eratosthenes; fall; games; greek; iphitus; list; lycurgus; olympiad; olympic; troy; varro; years cache: grbs-281.pdf plain text: grbs-281.txt item: #934 of 1726 id: grbs-2811 author: Woods, David title: The Saracen Defenders of Constantinople in 378 date: 1996 words: 9698 flesch: 60 summary: 3 Shahld has ar­ gued, however, that they really describe two different engage­ ments, i.e., two Saracen defenses of Constantinople, one before the battle of Adrianopolis, the second after, but his arguments are unconvincing and occur in a work otherwise marred by a determination to discover references to Saracens where none in fact exist. S. T. Parker, Romans and Saracens: A History of the Arabian Frontier (Winona Lake 1986) 144, and T. S. Burns, Barbarians within the Gates of Rome: A Study of Roman Military Policy and the Barbarians ca 375-425 AD (Bloomington 1994) 28f, 34, seem also to accept two Saracen defenses of Constantinople, although they do not explain their arguments. keywords: adrianopolis; ammianus; battle; city; constantinople; copyright; defenders; defense; forces; goths; owner; permission; reproduction; roman; saracens; scholae; source; tou; units; valens; woods; zosimus cache: grbs-2811.pdf plain text: grbs-2811.txt item: #935 of 1726 id: grbs-2821 author: Wortley, John title: Two Unpublished Psychophelitic Tales date: 1996 words: 9269 flesch: 74 summary: Le colcre est particu­ licrement symbolisee par Ie lion, la luxure par I'ours: Regnault (supra n.12) 212. There were, however, two exceptions: the curious tale of an elder and his disciple John buried by lions (pp.427f, W965) and the story of how Abba Longinus and a shipmaster prevent a suicide (pp.438f, W957). keywords: abba; au'tou; bhg; copyright; copyright owner; elder; john; kat; life; lion; longinus; man; monk; owner; permission; regnault; reproduction; story; tales; text; tou; toy; tradition; wortley; years cache: grbs-2821.pdf plain text: grbs-2821.txt item: #936 of 1726 id: grbs-2831 author: Evans, J. A. S. title: The Dates of Procopius’ Works date: 1996 words: 5796 flesch: 66 summary: A. S. EVANS 303 Teubner Procopius, 5 argued that the 32 years of Justinian's rule in the Anekdota should be counted from 518, not 527, and consequently the Anekdota was composed in 549-550, rather than 559, as such earlier scholars as Felix Dahn and Wilhelm Teuffel had believed and some, among them Comparetti, con­ tinued to believe. Procopius distinguishes between the reign of Justin I and that of Justinian, making it clear that he considered Justinian responsible for both periods. keywords: anekdota; book; buildings; date; evans; evidence; justinian; permission; procopius; wars; work; years cache: grbs-2831.pdf plain text: grbs-2831.txt item: #937 of 1726 id: grbs-2841 author: Papadopoulos, John K. title: The Original Kerameikos of Athens and the Siting of the Classical Agora date: 1996 words: 9782 flesch: 67 summary: For the most recent discussion with further references, see T. L. SHEAR, J r, 'IcrovoflO\l<; t' 'Ae~va<; btotT]cratT]v: The Agora and the Democracy, in W. D. E. Coulson et aI., edd., The Archaeology of Athens and Attica under the Democracy (Oxford 1994: hereafter 'Shear') 225-48; C. Schnurr, Die alte Agora Athens, ZPE 105 (1995) 131-38. 4 Oikonomides (supra n.2) ix-xii, 51-111; R. E. Wycherley, Archaia Agora, Phoenix 20 (1966) 285-93, and The Stones of Athens (Princeton 1978) 65. 5 This is perhaps best typified by Thompson and Wycherley, Agora XIV 19, who came to accept the existence of an early Agora, more or less where Oikonomides suggested: The Agora as a great center of community life developed slowly in the course of the 6th century B.C. Athens presumably had a simple agora before this time, but we know almost nothing about it ... the west of the Acropolis, not far from its entranc<~, would be appropriate for a simple prototype of the Athenian Agora, and the saddle between the Acropolis and the Areopagus, where the ground is comparatively level, is perhaps the most suitable spot. keywords: age; agora; area; athenian; athenian agora; athens; century; city; copyright; esp; evidence; geometric; hesperia; iron; kerameikos; owner; permission; potters; reproduction; supra cache: grbs-2841.pdf plain text: grbs-2841.txt item: #938 of 1726 id: grbs-2851 author: Lidov, Joel B. title: Pindar’s “Hymn to Cybele” (fr. 80 SM): Meter, Form, and Syncretism date: 1996 words: 7393 flesch: 65 summary: But however a line such as Nem. 6 ep. 5, ---uu--uu-uu-, is to be analyzed, it represents a variation adapted to its context, and is not evidence that a colon , For the list of occurrences see Snell's survey of meters, which is printed un­ changed as an appendix to Maehler's Teubner edition: Pindar II: Fragmenta (1989) 182. Pindar's hymn to Cybele (fr. 80 SM): Meter, form, and syncretism Lidov, Joel B Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1996; 37, 2; ProQuest pg. keywords: copyright; cult; cybele; evidence; form; fro; hymn; lehnus; owner; pan; permission; philodemus; pindar; poem; pyth; reproduction; vocative; words cache: grbs-2851.pdf plain text: grbs-2851.txt item: #939 of 1726 id: grbs-2861 author: Tarán, Leonardo title: Lysias Or. 1.23-24 and 41-42 date: 1996 words: 1740 flesch: 71 summary: KaltOt yf fi 1tpOnOll, OUK UV OOKro Uf.llV Kal. E1ttf.lEAW9at 't11'; 9upa.;, Ka'taPa.:; OtW1tn E~EpXOf.lat, Kat acptKVoUf.lat 0><; 'tOY Kal. 'tOY, Kat 'tau,> UEV £vOOV Ka'tEAa~ov, 'tou.; OE OUK bnOllf.l0uv'ta.; llt>POV. keywords: euphiletus; home; kat; ouk; permission cache: grbs-2861.pdf plain text: grbs-2861.txt item: #940 of 1726 id: grbs-2871 author: Buraselis, Kostas title: Vix aerarium sufficeret. Roman Finances and the Outbreak of the Second Macedonian War date: 1996 words: 11707 flesch: 56 summary: J Here most relevant among the latest bibliography: J. Rich, Fear, Greed and Glory: The Causes of Roman War-Making in the Middle Republic, in J. Rich and G. Shipley, edd., War and Society in the Roman World (London 1993) 38-68 (trying to establish all three motives of the title collectively as explanations of the Roman expansion and rejecting monocausal interpreta­ tions for Roman wars); J. Seibert, GInvasion aus dem Osten. But certain techniques and shortcomings of Roman war finances, when examined in their evolution, especially from the Hannibalic War to the aftermath of that with Antiochus III, may also contribute to the proper indentification and evaluation of pressing internal motives. keywords: aerarium; copyright; copyright owner; esp; finances; laevinus; liv; livy; macedonian; macedonian war; nicolet; owner; peace; period; permission; philip; punic; reproduction; republic; roman; rome; second; senate; senators; situation; state; supra; tributum; war; years cache: grbs-2871.pdf plain text: grbs-2871.txt item: #941 of 1726 id: grbs-2881 author: Tarrant, H. A. S. title: Platonic Interpretation in Aulus Gellius date: 1996 words: 9196 flesch: 54 summary: The most important parallel, however, is Gellius 17.20.4ff, where Taurus finds much to commend in the speech of Pau­ sanias at Symp. I do not propose to concentrate on issues that arise directly from her treatment, but to consider other passages in which Gellius can be informative on the kind of Platonic interpretation that flourished in Taurus' Athens and the relation of Platonism, if any, to the dwindling 'Academicism' to which Favorinus still adhered.s Gellius fleshes out our knowledge whether or not he follows philosophers of eminence. keywords: aulus; callicles; copyright; copyright owner; doxography; favorinus; gellius; gorgias; interpretation; lakmann; owner; permission; philosophers; philosophy; plato; pleasure; reproduction; tarrant; taurus; views cache: grbs-2881.pdf plain text: grbs-2881.txt item: #942 of 1726 id: grbs-2891 author: Slater, William J. title: Inschriften von Magnesia 192 Revisited date: 1996 words: 4042 flesch: 67 summary: As tragic enrhythmic' is used at this time of the kinesis or hypokrisis of pantomimes, 9 and only of them, it seems at least reasonably probable that we are dealing with a pantomime after all, as Kern and then Robert supposed, especially in view of the imperial company this artist keeps, and his unusual lack of festival victories. Photion was therefore about 22 years old in 170, and so the 517 lh penteteris of the Epheseia is not far from 170. keywords: copyright; epheseia; festival; kern; owner; pantomime; permission; reproduction; robert; sacred; vedius; verus cache: grbs-2891.pdf plain text: grbs-2891.txt item: #943 of 1726 id: grbs-2901 author: Heiden, Bruce title: The Three Movements of the Iliad date: 1996 words: 8037 flesch: 60 summary: Such a sense of closure might not have been as desirable at the end of performance day 1 or day 2. None of the above schemes of performance division has won acceptance from a consensus of scholars-no doubt largely due to the aforementioned skepticism regarding any proposals for 11 Kirk (44-47) skeptically discusses four-book divisions but without refer­ ence to performance. keywords: achilles; book; copyright; day; divisions; epic; homer; iliad; lines; narrative; owner; performance; permission; reproduction; zeus cache: grbs-2901.pdf plain text: grbs-2901.txt item: #944 of 1726 id: grbs-291 author: Gonzales, Matthew title: The Oracle and Cult of Ares in Asia Minor date: 2005 words: 8547 flesch: 71 summary: We present Robert’s text of the Syedrian in- scription (vidi 17August 2003): 62 Pãmfuloi Suedr∞ew §pijÊn[ƒ §n éroÊr]˙̀ na¤ontew xyÒna pammig°vn §[rib≈l]a`k̀a fvt«n ÖArhow de¤khlon §naim°ow éndrofÒnoio 4 stÆsantew mesãtƒ pÒliow Kabhl°ew d¢ ofl Mh¤onew, LasÒnioi d¢ kaleÊmenoi, tØn aÈtØn K¤liji e‰xon skeuÆn, tØn §g≈, §peån katå tØn Kil¤kvn tãjin dieji∆n g°nvmai, tÒte shman°v. MilÊai d¢ afixmãw te brax°aw keywords: anatolian; area; ares; asia; asia minor; city; cult; god; gonzales; greek; herodotus; ka‹; lycia; matthew; minor; north; oracle; region; robert; solymoi; son; statue; strabo; termessos; toë cache: grbs-291.pdf plain text: grbs-291.txt item: #945 of 1726 id: grbs-2911 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: Some Passages in Polyaenus Stratagems concerning Alexander date: 1996 words: 15121 flesch: 67 summary: The report spreading at once persuaded the Indians to accept Alexander willingly.43 42 So also Strabo's other rock, Kthe in-Bactriane rock of Sisimithres, was also called Kthe rock of Sisimithres (PA 58.3), Kthe in-Pareitacae stronghold, another rock, named after Chorienes (Arr. 4.21.1), but just Ka rock in the list of contents of Diodorus 17 KE' and at Curt. THIS ARTICLE I am concerned with the historical worth of some passages in Polyaenus concerning Alexander. keywords: account; alexander; aristobulus; arrian; battle; cavalry; cleitarchus; copyright; curtius; darius; diodorus; elephants; infantry; left; macedonians; order; owner; permission; persian; plutarch; polyaenus; porus; ptolemy; reproduction; rock; source; tou; wing cache: grbs-2911.pdf plain text: grbs-2911.txt item: #946 of 1726 id: grbs-2921 author: Barry, William D. title: Roof Tiles and Urban Violence in the Ancient World date: 1996 words: 8133 flesch: 71 summary: 5 For examples see W. Willson Cummer, -Phrygian Roof Tiles in the Bur­ dur Museum, Anadolu 14 (1970) 36; G. P. Stevens, -A Tile Standard in the Agora of Ancient Athens, Hesperia 19 (1950) 176, 178. , Typically, the weight of roof tiles is not given in archaeological reports, but see Cummer (supra n.5) 41; O. Wikander, Acquarossa VI.2 (Stockholm 1993) 130; H. S. Robinson, -Roof Tiles of the Early 7 th c. Be, AM 99 (1984) 59. Different styles of pan and cover tiles were combined in one of 2 A useful overview of roof tiles in O. W IKANDER, Ancient Roof-Tiles-Use and Function, OpAth 17 (1988: hereafter 'Wikander') 204ff; cf his Archaic Roof Tiles: The First Generations, in N. Winter, ed., First International Conference on Archaic Greek Architectural Terracottas (=Hesperia 59 [1990]) 288(; Archaic Roof-Tiles: The First (?) Generation, OpAth (1992) 151-61; Roman and Medieval Tile-Roofs: Evidence from Representations, OpRom 17 (1989) 191-203; A. McWhirr, ed., Roman Brick and Tile: Studies in Manufacture, Distribution and Use in the Western Empire (=BAR Int. keywords: b.c; barrage; city; copyright; owner; pan; permission; reproduction; roman; rome; roof; roof tiles; supra; throwers; throwing; tiles; violence; war; warfare; women cache: grbs-2921.pdf plain text: grbs-2921.txt item: #947 of 1726 id: grbs-2931 author: Hatlie, Peter title: Life and Artistry in the ‘Publication’ of Demetrios Kydones’ Letter Collections date: 1996 words: 11828 flesch: 63 summary: A proper study of the language and style of Kydones' letters still awaits scholars. 80 (=Ul), a selection of Kydones letters, may have also involved Kalekas and perhaps even the author: see Recueils 21ff. keywords: byzantine; changes; character; collection; copyright; copyright owner; corr; dennis; dossier; esp; glavas; kydones; letter; letter collection; loenertz; manuel; new; owner; permission; peter; publication; recueils; reproduction; supra; things; work; years cache: grbs-2931.pdf plain text: grbs-2931.txt item: #948 of 1726 id: grbs-2941 author: Collins, Billy Jean title: Greek ὀλολύζω and Hittite palwai-: Exultation in the Ritual Slaughter of Animals date: 1995 words: 2872 flesch: 69 summary: Passages commonly cited as typical examples of Greek sacrifice include Od. 4.759-67, where Penelope raises the cry to accompany a prayer to Athena: (d) After bathing and taking clean clothes on her body, (Penelope) went with her women attendants to the upper chamber, (where) she placed barley grains in a basket and prayed to Athena, Hear me, 0 Unwearied One, child of aegis-bearing Zeus. Burkert persistently presents this action as a shrill (i. e., unpleasant) and highly emotional act,8 which then fits into his characterization of Greek sacrifice as guilt ridden and cathartic of unpleasant emotions and tensions. keywords: cry; greek; hittite; owner; permission; ritual; sacrifice; women cache: grbs-2941.pdf plain text: grbs-2941.txt item: #949 of 1726 id: grbs-2951 author: Person, Jr, Raymond J. title: The "Became Silent to Silence" Formula in Homer date: 1995 words: 5488 flesch: 53 summary: Therefore, the became silent to silence formula contains the characteristics of delay associated with dis­ preferred seconds and, therefore, proleptically informs the audience that Antinoos' plan will be opposed by another suitor, who turns out to be Amphinomos, whose response also con­ tains each of the characteristics of dispreferred seconds: delay, preface, account, and declination component. In the above passages the became silent to silence formula proleptically introduces the next character's speech, which contains the characteristic elements of dispreferred seconds. keywords: account; conversation; delay; formula; permission; request; response; seconds; silence; speech cache: grbs-2951.pdf plain text: grbs-2951.txt item: #950 of 1726 id: grbs-2961 author: Larson, Jennifer title: The Corycian Nymphs and the Bee Maidens of the Homeric Hymn to Hermes date: 1995 words: 7759 flesch: 75 summary: This is an important reason for ruling out the Thria~ who likewise have no connection with Hermes; but the Corycian Nymphs, like other nymphs worshiped in caves, have strong associations with both Hermes and bees. For a list of nymph cults in caves see Amandry, in Antre II 403-11. keywords: amandry; apollo; astragali; bee; bee maidens; bees; cave; copyright; corycian; cult; delphi; dionysus; divination; hermes; hymn; maidens; nymphs; owner; parnassus; permission; reproduction cache: grbs-2961.pdf plain text: grbs-2961.txt item: #951 of 1726 id: grbs-2971 author: Tarán, Leonardo title: Aristotle Metaphysics Δ 6, 1016b17-21 date: 1995 words: 1421 flesch: 68 summary: Aristotle Metaphysics delta 6, 1016b17-21 Taran, Leonardo Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1995; 36, 4; ProQuest pg. (, The great importance of the point made in l016b17f for understanding Aristotle's doctrine of one and the presentation in the two standard editions of the Metaphysics used today of texts of l016b17f that cannot be right, as well as the failure of other modern editors to adopt the text of E and], have prompted the writing of this paper. keywords: aristotle; metaphysics; number; text cache: grbs-2971.pdf plain text: grbs-2971.txt item: #952 of 1726 id: grbs-2981 author: Gutzwiller, Kathryn J. title: Cleopatra’s Ring date: 1995 words: 7094 flesch: 61 summary: 27 Stewart (supra n.21) 314ff; Smith (supra n.21: 37f) argues that the dia­ dem, a central element in Hellenistic royal iconography and an attribute on early Alexander portraits, symbolized the Dionysiac model of military conquest. 6 But 4 Cleopatra, the daughter of Philip II, was married to Alexander of Epirus and ruled Epirus after his death in 330. keywords: alexander; amethyst; asclepiades; century; cleopatra; copyright; dionysiac; drunkenness; epigram; methe; owner; permission; posidippus; queen; reproduction; ring; royal; stone cache: grbs-2981.pdf plain text: grbs-2981.txt item: #953 of 1726 id: grbs-2991 author: McNamee, Kathleen title: Missing Links in the Development of Scholia date: 1995 words: 6932 flesch: 69 summary: o4 Parchment codices, whatever the provenance, have dimensions and layout that differ from those typical among papyrus codices. Where the original size of the pages in our sample of papyrus codices can be ascertained, they fit the various groupings by format established by Eric Turner. keywords: century; codices; copyright; evidence; format; greek; margins; notes; owner; papyrus; permission; reproduction; scholia; text; wilson; zuntz cache: grbs-2991.pdf plain text: grbs-2991.txt item: #954 of 1726 id: grbs-3001 author: Kapparis, K. title: The Athenian Decree for the Naturalisation of the Plataeans date: 1995 words: 8625 flesch: 60 summary: By the time of Aristotle, Athenian citizens undergoing scrutiny at their entry to office as archons had to be able to display citizen birth from both sides, if not three generations of Athenian citizenship, as some scholars have suggested. Thus the surviving Plataeans found themselves in Athens, and several sources attest that they were received in their new homeland as Athenian citizens. keywords: apollodorus; athenian; athens; citizens; citizenship; copyright; decree; dem; document; law; naturalisation; owner; permission; plataeans; priesthoods; reproduction cache: grbs-3001.pdf plain text: grbs-3001.txt item: #955 of 1726 id: grbs-301 author: Rives, J. B. title: Phrygian Tales date: 2005 words: 8980 flesch: 64 summary: Although it is possible that the original author wrote it in the character of Diagoras, it is more likely, given the numerous references to anonymous Phrygian tales, that this work too was originally anonymous and merely assigned to Diagoras as a likely candidate.25 The other author credited with Phrygian tales is Democritus. The earliest datable reference to Phrygian writings comes from Dionysius Scytobrachion, by way of Diodorus Siculus. keywords: cicero; diagoras; dionysius; egyptian; euhemerizing; fgrhist; gods; greek; herakles; ka‹; logoi; passage; phrygian; plutarch; references; tales; winiarczyk; work; writings cache: grbs-301.pdf plain text: grbs-301.txt item: #956 of 1726 id: grbs-3011 author: Greene, Elizabeth S. title: The Critical Element in the Embarkation Scenes of the Odyssey date: 1995 words: 5605 flesch: 65 summary: Odysseus and crew travel Odysseus crew members N from Circe's island to Helios' and crew :> island feast until 0;:1 tTl sunset, t-i but do :::r:: not sacri- ~ fice 0 (11) 12.353-404 401 401 399f 402 353--i>5 Shipwreck :;:c tTl Odysseus and crew make the improper tTl fateful trip from Helios' sacrifice Z island tTl (12) 13.18-46, 70-92 70-75 77 76-92 24-46 Return to Ithaca Odysseus returns to Ithaca with the Phaeacians (13) 14.248-54 252 252ff 251f Arrival at Egypt Odysseus' fictional account of his trip from Crete and Egypt (14) 14.295-300 295 299f Shipwreck Odysseus' fictional journey with the Phoenicians N 218-21 286 286-94 287-91 222f N (15) 15.218-23,283-94 Return to Ithaca -I Telemachus returns from Pylos Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Embarkation scenes occur in Telemachus' journey to pylos; Nestor's return from Troy; Menelaus' journey home from Egypt; the suitors' attempted ambush of Telemachus at Asteris between Ithaca and Samos; Odysseus' escape from Calypso's island and arrival at Scheria; his storm­ filled journey from Troy to Ismarus, to the home of the Lotus­ Eaters, to the land of the Cyclopes; his voyage from Aeolus' island and back; his escape from Polyphemus' island; his voyage from Circe's island to Hades and back; his terrible journey past the Sirens and Scylla and Charybdis to the island of Helios; his storm-ridden, all-destroying departure from Helios' island; his trip home to Ithaca organized by the Phaeacians; his fictional sailing from Crete to Egypt and from Phoenicia to Libya; and Telemachus' return from Pylos to Ithaca. keywords: arming; crew; elements; embarkation; gods; iliad; island; odysseus; odyssey; permission; sacrifice; scenes; supplication cache: grbs-3011.pdf plain text: grbs-3011.txt item: #957 of 1726 id: grbs-3021 author: Sfyroeras, Pavlos title: What Wealth Has to Do with Dionysus: From Economy to Poetics in Aristophanes’ Plutus date: 1995 words: 13845 flesch: 64 summary: wishes in a skolion (in trochaic dimeters) that blind Plutus should disappear from sight and reside in Hades (731 PMG). Recent studies stressing an active interaction between Plutus and its social and economic milieu include D. KONSTAN and M. DILLON, MThe Ideology of Aristophanes' Wealth, AlP 102 (1981: hereafter 'Konstan and Dillon') 371-94; David (supra n.1); keywords: aristophanes; chorus; chremylos; comedy; comic; copyright; copyright owner; dionysiac; dionysus; economy; esp; genre; god; karion; mysteries; owner; penia; permission; play; plutus; poetics; reproduction; supra; tragedy; tragic; wealth cache: grbs-3021.pdf plain text: grbs-3021.txt item: #958 of 1726 id: grbs-3031 author: Slater, William J. title: The Pantomime Tiberius Julius Apolaustrus date: 1995 words: 12730 flesch: 68 summary: Angelos Chaniotis has given me the benefit of his unparalleled knowledge of festival inscriptions and saved me from error. As a pantomime in the time of Commodus he was excluded from the regular genres of festival competitions. keywords: apolaustus; asia; asklepieia; augusteia; century; competition; copyright; copyright owner; delphic; ephesus; festival; games; greek; honors; inscription; koina; list; oms; owner; pantomime; pergamum; permission; reproduction; robert; rome; sacred; sebasta; supra; time; victory cache: grbs-3031.pdf plain text: grbs-3031.txt item: #959 of 1726 id: grbs-3041 author: Murphy, David J. title: Hyphens in Greek Manuscripts date: 1995 words: 10728 flesch: 73 summary: In this paper I shall catalog the different shapes of marginal hyphens, or, to use E. M. Thompson's phrase, coupling strokes, (in other languages, tratto d'unione, Verbindungsstrich, etc.) This stroke would suggest itself to almost any copyist; no theory of marginal hyphens was as ret being followed, and this example does not signal the birth 0 a convention of coupling strokes. keywords: ambr; century; copyright; coupling; greek; hyphens; latin; left; manuscripts; margin; marginal; marks; mss; new; owner; permission; reproduction; scribe; stroke; sublinear; supra; vat; words; xiii cache: grbs-3041.pdf plain text: grbs-3041.txt item: #960 of 1726 id: grbs-3051 author: Beck, Curt W.; Beck, Lily Y. title: Analysis and Provenience of Minoan and Mycenaean Amber, V. Pylos and Messenia date: 1995 words: 5878 flesch: 74 summary: Two other published classifications of amber beads are of limited value because of their narrow scope. Thus her types do not include many common shapes of amber beads, such as plane-convex or any type with rounded or beveled edges. keywords: amber; baltic; baltic amber; bead; grave; nma; pylos; routsi; skeleton cache: grbs-3051.pdf plain text: grbs-3051.txt item: #961 of 1726 id: grbs-3061 author: Clarke, Michael title: Between Lions and Men: Images of the Hero in the Iliad date: 1995 words: 10577 flesch: 65 summary: Between lions and men: Images of the hero in the Iliad Clarke, Michael Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1995; 36, 2; ProQuest pg. 137 Between Lions and Men: Images of the Hero in the Iliad Michael Clarke 138 BETWEEN LIONS AND MEN meaning in relation to the central themes of the epic. keywords: achilles; battle; beast; copyright; copyright owner; death; fury; hector; hero; homer; iliad; image; lion; man; men; owner; permission; reproduction; simile; warrior; way cache: grbs-3061.pdf plain text: grbs-3061.txt item: #962 of 1726 id: grbs-3071 author: Hubbard, Thomas title: Hesiod’s Fable of the Hawk and the Nightingale Reconsidered date: 1995 words: 5433 flesch: 66 summary: For what is perhaps the most extreme view of Hesiod's inability to sustain a continuous logical development, see E. Havelock, Thoughtful Hesiod, YCS 20 (1966) 59-72. 202a, 207-12 Pertusi; U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Hesiods Erga (Berlin 1928) 64; I. Sellschopp, Stilistische Untersuchungen zu Hesiod (Hamburg 1934) 83-86; W. Nicolai, Hesiods Erga: Beobachtungen zum Auf­ bau (Heidelberg 1964) 52f; G. B. Ford, Jr, MAn Interpretation of the Fable of the Hawk and the Nightingale in Hesiod's 'Works and Days', Orpheus 12 (1965) 3-9; C. B. Welles, Hesiod's Attitude Toward Labor, GRBS 8 (1967) 17ff; W. J. Verdenius, A Commentary on Hesiod: Works and Days vv. 1-382 (Leiden 1985) 117f. keywords: copyright; fable; hawk; hesiod; homer; hybris; kings; lines; man; nightingale; owner; permission; perses; reproduction cache: grbs-3071.pdf plain text: grbs-3071.txt item: #963 of 1726 id: grbs-3081 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: The Location of the Trout-River Astraeus date: 1995 words: 1321 flesch: 73 summary: In ancient times the Astraeus was joined by its northern tributary, the Scirtus, and kept is own name as it flowed on into the Haliacmon. 173 The Location of the Trout-River Astraeus N. G. L. Hammond J\ LIAN informs us that fishermen used a rod (KaAallo~) and a line (oPllta), each about six feet long, and an artificial fly to catch fishes of a speckled hue in a river called Astraeus in Macedonia (NA 15.1). keywords: astraeus; permission; river; trout cache: grbs-3081.pdf plain text: grbs-3081.txt item: #964 of 1726 id: grbs-3091 author: Curta, Florin title: Atticism, Homer, Neoplatonism, and Fürstenspiegel: Julian’s Second Panegyric on Constantius date: 1995 words: 15694 flesch: 57 summary: For Julian's concept of qHAaVep01tiu see J. Kabiersch, Untersuchungen zur Begriff der Philanthropia bei dem Kaiser Julian (Wiesbaden 1960); C. M. Rothrauff, -The Philanthropia of the Emperor Julian, (M.A. thesis, University of Cincinnati, 1964). Atticism, Homer, Neoplatonism, and Furstenspiegel: Julian's second panegyric on Constantius Curta, Florin Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1995; 36, 2; ProQuest pg. 177 Atticism, Homer, N eoplatonism, and Furstenspiegel: Julian's Second Panegyric on Constantius Florin Curta M ANY HISTORIANS of the reign of the Emperor Julian-a personality fraught with more contradictions, tensions and inconsistencies than the average man» I-have attempted to answer a long-standing concern of Julianic histori­ ography: was Julian's policy, particularly his anti-Christian re­ action, the result of explicitly declared intentions? keywords: athanassiadi; bouffartigue; chapters; citations; constantius; contrast; copyright; copyright owner; curta; der; dio; divine; emperor; encomium; florin; god; gods; iamblichus; julian; king; man; owner; panegyric; paris; permission; plato; reproduction; second; soul; supra; themistius; und; works cache: grbs-3091.pdf plain text: grbs-3091.txt item: #965 of 1726 id: grbs-31 author: Carter, Michael title: Archiereis and Asiarchs: A Gladiatorial Perspective date: 2004 words: 9767 flesch: 62 summary: He also gave gladiatorial games and wild beast hunts:22 ésiãrxhn na«n t«n §n ÉEf°sƒ tr¤w, filoteimhsãmenon §n tª patr¤di ≤mer«n dekatri«n zugo›w épotÒ- 12 moiw triakontaenn°a, éposfãjan- ta d¢ ka‹ Libukå z“a, eÈtuxÆsanta d¢ ka‹ parå t«n Sebast«n, ka‹ §p‹ tª pr≈t˙ proÒdƒ tÚn xrusoËn st°fanon 16 ëma tª porfÊr&: ofl §p‹ t“ tÒpƒ filobÆdioi f¤loploi tÚn •aut«n eÈerg°thn. thrice asiarch of the temples in Ephesus, who held a munus in 22 Robert no. 200 Aphrodisias (Robert 170 no. 157; Roueché no. 14) famil¤a ZÆnvn[ow] toË ÑUcikl°ouw toË ÑUcikl°ouw toË fÊsei ZÆnvnow ÑUcikl°ouw érxier°vw, monomãxvn ka‹ katad¤kvn ka‹ tauroka[yapt«n? keywords: archiereus; archierosyne; asiarch; asiarchia; carter; combats; days; ephesus; famil¤a; friesen; gladiatorial; gladiators; i.ephesos; inscriptions; ka‹; monomãxvn; office; ownership; presentation; provincial; robert; shows; spectacles; érxier cache: grbs-31.pdf plain text: grbs-31.txt item: #966 of 1726 id: grbs-3101 author: Mayerson, Philip title: Aelius Gallus at Cleopatris (Suez) and on the Red Sea date: 1995 words: 3074 flesch: 61 summary: and on the Red Sea Philip Mayerson T HE MILITARY EXPEDITION of Aelius Gallus to Arabia in 26/25 B.C. 1 has attracted considerable scholarly comment on his campaign regarding its chronology, the political and economic reasons behind it, the identification of Arabian sites mentioned in the sources, Gallus' misadventures caused by the duplicity of his Nabataean guide Syllaeus or by his own miscalculations, and his inglorious retreat to Egypt. The likelihood-if not the proof-that a Nile-Red Sea canal was not in operation shortly before the time of Gallus' cam­ paign is to be found in Plutarch's description of Cleopatra's attempt to shift her Mediterranean fleet of sixty ships to the Red Sea. keywords: canal; cleopatris; gallus; permission; red; sea; suez; water cache: grbs-3101.pdf plain text: grbs-3101.txt item: #967 of 1726 id: grbs-311 author: Viscuso, Patrick title: Theodore Balsamon’s Canonical Images of Women date: 2005 words: 3895 flesch: 50 summary: Never- theless, he observes such women in the prÒnaow, which the canonist clearly states is not considered a common space such as the proaÊlia (forecourts), but a section of churches proper for women not prohibited from attending services. Although the great hierarch prescribed these things, we observe today especially in convents such women standing freely in narthexes (pronãouw), which have been adorned with holy icons of all kinds and dedicated to the glorification of God. keywords: balsamon; canon; canonist; church; female; potles; rhalles; women cache: grbs-311.pdf plain text: grbs-311.txt item: #968 of 1726 id: grbs-3111 author: Willis, William H. title: Sterling Dow, 1903-1995 date: 1995 words: 347 flesch: 46 summary: eCopy, Inc. Sterling Dow 19 November 1903- 9 january 1995 Begun in 1958 as Greek and Byzantine Studies by the initiative and enthusiasm of John J. Bilitz, then a graduate student in Byzantine history at Harvard University, after two years and four issues the enterprise foundered on the rocks of time and finance. His Festschrift, Studies Presented to Sterling Dow on his Eightieth Birthday (Greek, Roman and Byzantine Monograph 10 [1984]), contains his extensive bibliography, a biography and articles by forty-five of his students, colleagues, and friends. keywords: greek cache: grbs-3111.pdf plain text: grbs-3111.txt item: #969 of 1726 id: grbs-3121 author: Gagarin, Michael title: The First Law of the Gortyn Code Revisited date: 1995 words: 3846 flesch: 63 summary: In fact, the ability of Gortynians legally to pledge themselves as surety for debt probably made disputes about the status of 'free men', i.e., men whom someone claimed were free, more common there. with respect to free men, therefore, the law must prohibit seizure of an adversary. keywords: dispute; law; man; permission; person; sealey; seizure; slave cache: grbs-3121.pdf plain text: grbs-3121.txt item: #970 of 1726 id: grbs-3131 author: Usher, M. D. title: The Sixth Sybilline Oracle as a Literary Hymn date: 1995 words: 11687 flesch: 73 summary: Sib. 6, cf lines 5, 8, 16-20, (23£), and comm. This two-part format best facilitates discussion of this little known work within the larger context of Greek hymns. keywords: apollo; author; baptism; book; christ; christian; copyright; dionysus; father; fire; geffcken; god; greek; hom; hymn; jesus; lactantius; line; nonnus; oracle; owner; permission; poem; reproduction; sib; sibylline; son; use; usher cache: grbs-3131.pdf plain text: grbs-3131.txt item: #971 of 1726 id: grbs-3141 author: Lenski, Noel title: The Gothic Civil War and the Date of the Gothic Conversion date: 1995 words: 16118 flesch: 61 summary: This passage indi­ cates that Philostorgius dearly understood that the activity of conversion had been occurring in Gothic territory since the third century and that official contacts btween the emperor and Gothic Christians dated at least to the 330s. Roman emperors thus possibly played a role in Ulfilas' consecration and certainly in his protection from Gothic persecution. keywords: account; ammianus; athanaric; century; christianity; christians; conversion; copyright; copyright owner; danube; date; events; fritigern; gothic; goths; heather; lenski; matthews; owner; permission; persecution; philostorgius; reproduction; roman; socrates; sources; sozomen; supra; tervingi; thompson; ulfilas; valens; war cache: grbs-3141.pdf plain text: grbs-3141.txt item: #972 of 1726 id: grbs-3151 author: Vinson, Martha title: The Terms ἐγκόλπιον and τενάντιον and the Conversion of Theophilus in the Life of Theodora (BHG 1731) date: 1995 words: 4981 flesch: 65 summary: See Regel xiii; Markopoulos (supra n.l) 255; and P. Karlin-Hayter, CLa mort de Theodora, lOBC 40 (1990) 208. 21 The Terms ... and ... and the Conversion of Theophilus in the Life of Theodora (BHG 1731) Vinson, Martha Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1995; 36, 1; ProQuest pg. 89 keywords: century; conversion; copyright; emperor; life; neck; owner; permission; reproduction; supra; term; theodora; theophilus cache: grbs-3151.pdf plain text: grbs-3151.txt item: #973 of 1726 id: grbs-3161 author: Leverenz, Lynn title: Four Manuscripts of Unattached Scholia on Oppian’s Halieutica by Andreas Darmarios date: 1995 words: 5495 flesch: 71 summary: 3.21 0 lCUpOAE~(U/ lCUpLOAE~(U S, E, Br lCUpOAE~(U B 3.291 post OUlAEIC'tOV 2 add. While in Salamanca Darmarios discovered a Ms. closely related to z 1, with that codex's replete corpus of Z scholia, large por­ tions of which the Mss. keywords: darmarios; madrid; mon; mss; permission; post; readings; scholia; source cache: grbs-3161.pdf plain text: grbs-3161.txt item: #974 of 1726 id: grbs-3171 author: Mann, Rupert title: Pindar’s Homer and Pindar’s Myths date: 1994 words: 10382 flesch: 72 summary: MANN, RUPERT, Pindar's Homer and Pindar's Myths , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 35:4 (1994:Winter) p.313 Pindar's Homer and Pindar's Myths Rupert Mann I T HAS BEEN generally acknowledged that Pindar owes little to Homer as a source of mythological material-in Bowra's words: almost nothing. keywords: achilles; ajax; cycle; greek; homer; homeric; iliad; kat; mann; material; myths; nem; odysseus; odyssey; p.313; pindar; pyth; rupert; studies; supra; use; winter; young cache: grbs-3171.pdf plain text: grbs-3171.txt item: #975 of 1726 id: grbs-3181 author: Griffith, R. Drew title: Architecture of a Kiss: The Vocabulary of καταγλωττίσματα in Attic Old Comedy date: 1994 words: 2107 flesch: 76 summary: Cye. 502), and penis and vagina may be depicted respectively by ~aA.avo (Ar. Lys. 407-13, with a surface meaning of jewelry-clasp rather than, as elsewhere, door bolt) and 'tp{l1tTJI-W (Eeel. 624). See E. Ver­ meule, Aspects of Death in Early Greek Art and Poetry (Berkeley 1979) 198. GRIFFITH, R. DREW, Architecture of a Kiss: The Vocabulary of kataglottismata [Greek] in Attic Old Comedy , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 35:4 (1994:Winter) p.339 R. DREW GRIFFITH 341 immediately that 1t£Pl1t£'wovoC;, 08EV ou<>' av<>pa1to<>ov o1tou<>atov OU<>EV ~v 1tpO'tEPOV 1tpiacr8al, and the use of similar 'low' language to attack Aeschines.2J More generally, there are many expressions in this speech that resemble those found in speeches of Demosthenes whose authenticity is not in doubt. Hyp. 6 J. A. Goldstein, The Letters of Demosthenes (New York 1968) 18 n.63, who also argues that the marginal stichometric numeration of the speech shows that it belongs to a corpusculum of public speeches with 'IS-syllable stichoi that was probably compiled at the time of Callimachus, if not earlier. keywords: athenians; athens; century; demosthenes; jeremy; money; passages; sealey; speech; speeches; theoric; trevett cache: grbs-3311.pdf plain text: grbs-3311.txt item: #991 of 1726 id: grbs-3321 author: Gerstel, Sharon E. J. title: Liturgical Scrolls in the Byzantine Sanctuary date: 1994 words: 4382 flesch: 61 summary: For if these manuscripts represent actual scrolls used by the celebrants through the course of the liturgy, then the change from a closed codex to an unwound and inscribed liturgical scroll reflects a change in both the form of the manuscript and the manner of liturgical celebration at this period. An examina­ tion of these sources and their specific instructions for the use of liturgical scrolls will serve to clarify the connection between the painted liturgy and the contemporary liturgical celebration. keywords: bishops; byzantine; century; chrysostom; church; diataxis; gerstel; liturgy; prayers; sanctuary; scrolls cache: grbs-3321.pdf plain text: grbs-3321.txt item: #992 of 1726 id: grbs-3331 author: Sale, William Merritt title: The Government of Troy: Politics in the Iliad date: 1994 words: 46018 flesch: 65 summary: This does not mean that in depicting Troy Homer was guilty of anachronism. It developed them for going to Troy city, because this is some­ thing you do outside the walls. keywords: achaeans; achilles; agamemnon; antenor; army; assembly; authority; battle; book; century; city; council; course; elders; fact; formulae; good; government; greek; hear; hector; helen; homer; homeric; iliad; king; kirk; leaders; man; mean; men; merritt; nestor; odysseus; paris; people; picture; poem; polis; power; priam; return; right; rule; sale; society; supra; time; trojans; troy; war; william; word; zeus cache: grbs-3331.pdf plain text: grbs-3331.txt item: #993 of 1726 id: grbs-3341 author: Dunn, Francis M. title: Euripides and the Rites of Hera Akraia date: 1994 words: 6084 flesch: 64 summary: Hera Akraia, and he makes burial by Medea part of her revenge against Jason who is thus denied a part in their funeral; but rather than alter the traditional explanation beyond recognition, he uses wording that recalls the more familar accoun t (w<; ~ ~ n<; au'tOu<; 7tOAE­ ~t(J)v Kaau~ptcrn, 1380, and eXv'rl 'tOUOE oucrcrE~OU<; cp6vou, 1383). There is an obvious dramatic gain in Medea's final act of revenge, spitefully depriving Jason of the privilege of burial; but this does not re­ quire Medea to specify where and how she will bury the chil­ dren, nor does it call for mention of the festival and rites; if anything, the latter detracts from the scene by interrupting the bitter conflict between Jason and Medea. keywords: akraia; burial; children; corinthians; euripides; hera; hera akraia; jason; medea; rites; sanctuary; temple; tomb cache: grbs-3341.pdf plain text: grbs-3341.txt item: #994 of 1726 id: grbs-3351 author: Mace, Sarah T. title: Amour, Encore! The Development of δηὖτε in Archaic Lyric date: 1993 words: 14015 flesch: 62 summary: As already noted, Campbell (supra n.6) and Nagy (supra n.8) also suggest a connection between {)T]{)u: in Sappho t and elsewhere in erotic poetry (see supra n.8), but neither pursue the idea to any distinct conclusions. SARAH T. MACE 337 Since the salient formal and stylistic characteristics of these po­ ems are too close to be coincidence, it seems clear that the four poets whom we know to have written erotic poems with 81)-0'[£ regarded the collocation Eros ... me, again! keywords: amour; anacreon; aphrodite; desire; deute; development; encore; eros; erotic; greek; love; lyric; mace; p.335; person; poem; sappho; sarah; sarah t.; self; speaker; studies; supra; tone; winter cache: grbs-3351.pdf plain text: grbs-3351.txt item: #995 of 1726 id: grbs-3361 author: Sidwell, Keith title: Authorial Collaboration? Aristophanes’ Knights and Eupolis date: 1993 words: 12225 flesch: 60 summary: A New Hypothesis The proposition is, then, that in Knights Aristophanes was satirically reworking material from an earlier Eupolis play (or plays). Aristophanes' Knights and Eupolis , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:4 (1993:Winter) p.365 Authorial Collaboration? keywords: aristophanes; audience; cleon; collaboration; comedy; cratinus; eupolis; greek; halliwell; keith; knights; material; p.365; play; poet; sidwell; studies; supra; winter cache: grbs-3361.pdf plain text: grbs-3361.txt item: #996 of 1726 id: grbs-3371 author: Rosivach, Vincent J. title: The Distribution of Population in Attica date: 1993 words: 7381 flesch: 50 summary: [Cambridge (Mass.) 1972] 284-91), I count 88 tickets from inland demes, 68 from coastal demes, and only 55 from urban demes. Gomme contrasts the fourth-century sit­ uation with that in the fifth century, when most politicians were from urban demes; and he takes the shift in the composition of the political class as one index of a general shift of Attic popu­ lation from the countryside to the city. keywords: 307/306; attica; city; demes; distribution; evidence; gomme; greek; increase; population; quotas; rosivach; seats; studies; vincent cache: grbs-3371.pdf plain text: grbs-3371.txt item: #997 of 1726 id: grbs-3381 author: Safran, Linda title: Points of View: The Theodosian Obelisk Base in Context date: 1993 words: 11185 flesch: 59 summary: Built Obelisk SOUTHWEST Figure 2: Diagram of the Hippodrome at Constantinople, showing dimensions of the arena and cavea, and relative distances between the base of Theodosian obelisk and spectators on all sides. SAFRAN, LINDA, Points of View: The Theodosian Obelisk Base in Context , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:4 (1993:Winter) p.409 Points of View: The Theodosian Obelisk Base in Context Linda Safran THE OBELISK with its sculpted base in the former Hippo­ drome of Constantinorle (PLATES 1-3) is well known as a rare datable work 0 keywords: byzantine; century; circus; constantinople; context; emperor; greek; hippodrome; inscriptions; linda; northwest; obelisk base; p.409; plate; points; roman; safran; sides; southeast; spectators; studies; supra; view; winter cache: grbs-3381.pdf plain text: grbs-3381.txt item: #998 of 1726 id: grbs-3391 author: Pendrick, Gerard J. title: The Ancient Tradition on Antiphon Reconsidered date: 1993 words: 6687 flesch: 56 summary: PENDRICK, GERARD J., The Ancient Tradition on Antiphon Reconsidered , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:3 (1993:Fall) p.215 The Ancient Tradition on Antiphon Reconsidered Gerard]. His discussion focuses on the evidence of the corpus Aristotelicum and of the pseudo-Plutarchean X orat., on the basis of which he confidently distinguishes Antiphon of Rhamnus from Antiphon the tragic 215 PENDRICK, GERARD J., The Ancient Tradition on Antiphon Reconsidered , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:3 (1993:Fall) p.215 216 ANTIPHON RECONSIDERED of the tradition do not constitute a decisive stumbling-block to the separatist position. keywords: antiphon; didymus; evidence; gagarin; gerard; harpocration; hermogenes; pendrick; rhamnus; rhamnusian; sophist; supra; tradition; works; xenophon cache: grbs-3391.pdf plain text: grbs-3391.txt item: #999 of 1726 id: grbs-3401 author: Stevens, John A. title: Posidonian Polemic and Academic Dialectic: The Impact of Carneades upon Posidonius’ Περὶ πάθων date: 1993 words: 47627 flesch: 65 summary: 384ff. 6 For Galen's use of Posidonius see EK TT 58-64. The defi­ nition of virtue also shows the central position in which the Stoics place the knowledge of good, evil, and the indifferents in the realm of action: q>pOVTjeJlV 8' dvat E1tleJ't~f.lTjV ~v 1tOtTj'tEOV Kat OU 1tOtTjn~ov Kat OU8E'tEPCOV, 11 E1tteJ't~f.lTjV aya8wv Kat KaKWV Kat OU8E'tEPCOV q>UeJEl 1tOAl'tlKOU (AOYlKOU) ~00\). keywords: = ek; a. a.; a. stevens; accordance; antipater; argument; assent; belief; carneades; cause; chrysippus; cic; cicero; craft; criterion; definition; dialectic; doctrine; eel; evil; faculties; faculty; fall; fin; formula; galen; good; greek; happiness; iii; impact; impulse; indifferents; inwood; john a.; kat; kidd; life; logos; long; magnitude; man; model; nature; opinion; p.229; p.229 john; passage; passion; pathon; peri; peri pathon; php; polemic; posidonius; position; power; practice; presentation; prokeimenon; purpose; reason; result; sake; sedley; sense; skopos; soul; stevens; stoa; stoic; studies; supra; svf; svf iii; target; telos; things; tou; value; view; virtue; yap; zeno cache: grbs-3401.pdf plain text: grbs-3401.txt item: #1000 of 1726 id: grbs-341 author: Danzig, Gabriel title: Intra-Socratic Polemics: The Symposia of Plato and Xenophon date: 2005 words: 10495 flesch: 61 summary: In short, not only are there no signs that Xenophon has Phaedrus in mind when composing the speech of Critobulus, but, given Xenophon’s dislike of Phae- drus’ speech, the absence of such signs is a sign that he has not read it at all. It is in- evitable that Plato would have looked carefully at any direct attacks on him published by rival Socratic writers, or anyone 53 K. Dover, Plato Symposium (Cambridge 1980) 118; Bury, Symposium 64. keywords: aristophanes; chapter; critobulus; danzig; love; phaedrus; plato; reference; socrates; speech; speeches; symposium; thesleff; work; xenophon cache: grbs-341.pdf plain text: grbs-341.txt item: #1001 of 1726 id: grbs-3411 author: Speake, Graham title: Janus Lascaris’ Visit to Mount Athos in 1491 date: 1993 words: 2515 flesch: 66 summary: SPEAKE, GRAHAM, Janus Lascaris' Visit to Mt Athos in 1491 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:3 (1993:Fall) p.325 328 JANUS LASCARIS' VISIT TO MOUNT ATI lOS Next to Callimachus Lascaris notes the fables of Babrius. These are some of the questions that interest me when I examine the case of the collector Janus Lascaris. keywords: athos; greek; janus; lascaris; lorenzo; visit cache: grbs-3411.pdf plain text: grbs-3411.txt item: #1002 of 1726 id: grbs-3421 author: Young, David C. title: “Something Like the Gods”: A Pindaric Theme and the Myth of Nemean 10 date: 1993 words: 4609 flesch: 75 summary: Polydeuces, he says, chose (E'{AE'tO) that 17 Besides the many victories that the catalogue mentions here, Pindar ex­ presses a hope for an Olympic victory, too (22-36). Pindar's Tenth Nemean ends with the myth in which Poly­ deuces chooses, over perpetual immortal life for himself, to share his brother's mortality: to live-and to be dead-on alternate days, as in the Homeric version quoted above. keywords: dioscuri; gods; greek; myth; nemean; pindar; pindaric; polydeuces; theme; victor; young cache: grbs-3421.pdf plain text: grbs-3421.txt item: #1003 of 1726 id: grbs-3431 author: Nakamura, Byron title: Palmyra and the Roman East date: 1993 words: 7708 flesch: 58 summary: 3 R. STONEMAN, Palmyra and its Empire: Zenobia's Re'lJolt against Rome (Ann Arbor 1992: hereafter 'Stoneman'); E. EQUINI SCHNEIDER, Septimia Zenobia Sebaste (Rome 1993: hereafter 'Equini Schneider'). H. Seyrig, Armes et costumes iraniens de Palmyre, Syria 18 (1937) 4-53, and M. A. R. Colledge, Parthian Cultural Elements at Roman Palmyra, Mesopotamia 22 (1987) 19-28, show the heavy Parthian and Iranian influences on Palmy rene culture, clothing, and armor. keywords: alexandria; antioch; army; byron; east; egypt; empire; greek; nakamura; p.133; palmyra; palmyrene; persian; roman; roman east; rome; studies; summer; supra; syria; vaballathus; zenobia cache: grbs-3431.pdf plain text: grbs-3431.txt item: #1004 of 1726 id: grbs-3441 author: van Minnen, Peter; Worp, Klaas A. title: The Greek and Latin Literary Texts from Hermopolis date: 1993 words: 9740 flesch: 79 summary: Literary texts from Hermopolis are currently under-represented in the published texts with known provenance, as we have seen above in our discussion of the Berlin papyri; but even with increased publication and establishment of provenance, it is difficult to see how this low percentage of literary texts could ever equal the high Oxy­ Literary texts make up about a third of all papyri from Oxyrhynchus published so far. keywords: anon; epic; greek; hermopolis; homer; iii; minnen; pack; peter; peter van; roman; texts; v c; van cache: grbs-3441.pdf plain text: grbs-3441.txt item: #1005 of 1726 id: grbs-3451 author: Cirignano, John title: The Manuscripts of Xenophon’s Symposium date: 1993 words: 10568 flesch: 74 summary: gr. 109 (F) is a paper codex 324+II folios in length, in quaternions, and contains ten works of Plato that, except for M enex., follow the sequence in D. Of the works of Xenophon, codex F contains only Symp. An inscription on folio 2 identifies John Sambucus (d. 1584) as an owner of codex F, which he purchased for five ducats. keywords: century; cirignano; codex; errors; folios; greek; group; hand; hipp; john; laurentianus; manuscripts; p.187; studies; summer; symp; symposium; works; xenophon cache: grbs-3451.pdf plain text: grbs-3451.txt item: #1006 of 1726 id: grbs-3461 author: Louden, Bruce title: An Extended Narrative Pattern in the Odyssey date: 1993 words: 12527 flesch: 63 summary: The most striking difference, however, is that on Ithaka Athene counsels disguise and indirection, whereas on Aiaia and Skheria Odysseus approaches the female directly.25 His identity a secret, as approach to the female is perilous, Odysseus reaches her finding a figure who is initially sus­ picious, distant or even hostile towards him. Here as elsewhere, we can equate such divine discourse with prophecy.10 Similarly, though the narrative earlier mentions Skheria and the Phaiakians,l1 Odysseus, on arrival, is unaware of his whereabouts: «Ah me, what are the people whose land I have come to this time (6.119). keywords: arete; athene; bruce; circe; crew; greek; hermes; louden; men; narrative; narrative pattern; nausikaa; odysseus; odyssey; pattern; penelope; skheria; spring; studies; suitors cache: grbs-3461.pdf plain text: grbs-3461.txt item: #1007 of 1726 id: grbs-3471 author: Stadter, Philip A. title: The Form and Content of Thucydides’ Pentecontaetia (1.89-117) date: 1993 words: 16806 flesch: 64 summary: Thucydides does not speak of the transfer of the treasury to Athens, presumably because he did not think it a significant event in the history of Athenian power. 89 Note that for the whole period of the Pentecontaetia Thucydides records only three Spartan expeditions: to Doris, when they were trapped in Boeotia and forced to fight at Tanagra (a victory soon cancelled at Oenophyta); to Delphi (immediately annulled by Athenian action); and to Eleusis, whence they withdrew without a fight (1.1 07f, 112.5, 114.2). keywords: account; actions; allies; athenian; athens; badian; content; egypt; excursus; form; greek; hegemony; narrative; p.35; pentecontaetia; philip; power; ships; sparta; spartans; spring; stadter; studies; thasos; thucydides; walls; war cache: grbs-3471.pdf plain text: grbs-3471.txt item: #1008 of 1726 id: grbs-3481 author: Tzifopoulos, Yannis Z. title: Mummius’ Dedications at Olympia and Pausanias’ Attitude to the Romans date: 1993 words: 3448 flesch: 57 summary: Within the description of this group of Zeus statues (22.1-24.11), Pausanias mentions Mum­ mius' second and third dedications. In light of this, Pausanias' claim about Mummius' dedication of a statue of Zeus, if anathema is understood as referring only to the specific group of Zeus statues that Pausanias is discussing, may well be accurate. keywords: dedications; greek; mummius; olympia; pausanias; roman; statues; zeus cache: grbs-3481.pdf plain text: grbs-3481.txt item: #1009 of 1726 id: grbs-3491 author: Lewis, Naphtali title: A Reversal of a Tax Policy in Roman Egypt date: 1993 words: 7879 flesch: 66 summary: In the first half of this century most treatments of Roman Egypt em­ phasized what was conceived to be its uniqueness among the provinces of the Empire. LEWIS, NAPHTALI, A Reversal of a Tax Policy in Roman Egypt , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:1 (1993:Spring) p.101 NAPHT ALI LEWIS 111 Excursus 1: Causes of the Depopulation While avaxwPTlcrt<; was a chronic phenomenon in Roman Egypt, there were periods when extreme distress led to extreme depopulation of the rural villages. keywords: egypt; evidence; fugitives; greek; lewis; naphtali; p.101; policy; reversal; roman; spring; studies; tax; tax policy; taxes; thmouis; year cache: grbs-3491.pdf plain text: grbs-3491.txt item: #1010 of 1726 id: grbs-3501 author: Jones, Christopher P. title: The Decree of Ilion in Honor of a King Antiochus date: 1993 words: 9182 flesch: 62 summary: Whereas in the beginning King Antiochus, son of King Seleucus, having succeeded to the kingdom and conducting a noble and honorable policy, sought to restore the cities throughout the Seleucis, which were beset by difficult circumstances because of those rebelling against the state, to peace and their former prosperity, and (sought), by pun­ ishing as was right those who attacked the state, to recover his ancestral rule; for which reason, both pursuing a laud­ able and just ambition and having not only his Friends and the forces as his supporters in contending for the state, but (having) also the divine as his well-disposed helper, he re­ stored the cities to peace and the kingdom to its previous condition; and (whereas) now, having arrived in the region on this side of the Taurus, with all energy and love of glory he has simultaneously achieved peace for the cities and brought the state and the kingdom to a greater and more brilliant con­ dition, above all by his own valor and also by the goodwill of the Friends and the forces; in order therefore that the people, since it also formerly, at the time when he succeeded to the kingdom, continuous­ ly made prayers and sacrifices on his behalf to all the gods, JONES, CHRISTOPHER P., The Decree of Ilion in Honor of a King Antiochus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:1 (1993:Spring) p.73 76 THE DECREE OF ILION may now too make clear to the king that it is well-disposed and has the same attitude (as before); with good fortune, be it decreed by the council and the people that the priestess, the hieronomoi and the prytaneis pray to Athena of Ilion together with the envoys that the arrival of the king and his sister the queen, the Friends, and the forces should have been for the best, and that all other good things should come about for the king and the queen, and that the state and their kingdom should last, increasing as they themselves desire. Makkabderbuch (Gutersloh 1976) 257 n.22; P. G AmHIER, Nouvelles inscriptions de Sardes II (Geneva 1989: hereafter 'Gauthier, Sardes ') 41. JONES, CHRISTOPHER P., The Decree of Ilion in Honor of a King Antiochus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 34:1 (1993:Spring) p.73 CHRISTOPHER P. JONES 83 for the safety of our brother King Antiochus, ourselves, and our young children (1tat()la). keywords: antiochus; christopher; city; decree; des; greek; honor; iii; ilion; jones; kat; king; king antiochus; kut; laodice; lines; p.73; queen; sister; son; spring; state; studies cache: grbs-3501.pdf plain text: grbs-3501.txt item: #1011 of 1726 id: grbs-351 author: Kaldellis, Anthony title: The Works and Days of Hesychios the Illoustrios of Miletos date: 2005 words: 8919 flesch: 58 summary: See E. Jeffreys, “Chronological Structures in the Chronicles,” in Jeffreys, Studies 111–166, at 132; W. Adler and P. Tuffin, The Chronography of George Synkellos: A Byzantine Chronicle of Universal History from the Creation (Oxford/New York 2002) 136 and n.3. 392 HESYCHIOS THE ILLOUSTRIOS OF MILETOS We cannot know how Hesychios dealt with ancient Near Eastern history. 400 HESYCHIOS THE ILLOUSTRIOS OF MILETOS Now, most of this Hesychios’ benefactions were entirely secular. keywords: byzantine; byzantion; century; christian; constantine; constantinople; fact; hesychios; history; illoustrios; kaldellis; lydos; pagan; photios; rome; souda; text; work cache: grbs-351.pdf plain text: grbs-351.txt item: #1012 of 1726 id: grbs-3511 author: Lardinois, André title: Greek Myths for Athenian Rituals: Religion and Politics in Aeschylus’ Eumenides and Sophocles’ Oedipus Coloneus date: 1992 words: 7208 flesch: 70 summary: Two prime examples are Aeschylus' Eumenides and Soph­ ocles' Oedipus Coloneus. The Oedipus Coloneus In Oedipus Coloneus another Panhellenic figure comes to Athens. keywords: aeschylus; athens; coloneus; erinyes; eumenides; greek; lardinois; myths; oedipus; politics; religion; rituals; semnai; sophocles; studies; supra; theai cache: grbs-3511.pdf plain text: grbs-3511.txt item: #1013 of 1726 id: grbs-3521 author: Arnush, Michael title: Ten-Day Armistices in Thucydides date: 1992 words: 11544 flesch: 66 summary: In addition, Pollux, when addressing the division of months into days, describes the last third of a month as ()EXl1J.lEP0C; (1.63). ARNUSH, MICHAEL, Ten-Day Armistices in Thucydides , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 33:4 (1992:Winter) p.329 334 TEN-DAY ARMISTICES IN THUCYDIDES the negotiation of a brief armistice lasting a day or twO. 11 Typically heralds conveyed the negotiating positions of each side prior to the issue's resolution. keywords: armistices; arnush; athenian; athens; boeotia; corinth; day; day armistices; day truce; days; greek; heralds; michael; p.329; peace; proxenos; sparta; states; studies; supra; thucydides; truce; war; winter cache: grbs-3521.pdf plain text: grbs-3521.txt item: #1014 of 1726 id: grbs-3531 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: The Regnal Years of Philip and Alexander date: 1992 words: 8207 flesch: 61 summary: [Berlin 1923: hereafter 'Be loch'] 60); see for instance W. W. Tarn, CAHl VI 269; J. R. Hamilton, Plutarch, Alexander: A Commentary (Oxford 1969) 28; R. Lane Fox, Alexander the Great (London 1973) 17; J. R. Ellis, Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism (London 1976) 222, 306 n.53; G. T. GRIFFITH, in N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Griffith, A History of Macedonia II (Oxford 1979: 'Griffith') 726 with 681 n.1; and my Alexander the Great: King, Commander and Statesman (Atlantic Heights 1980 1; Bristol 19892: 'Hammond, AG') 37; G. Wirth, Philipp II (Stuttgart 1985) 66. Since the Athenian months \3 M. B. HATZoPOuLOs, The Oleveni Inscription and the Dates of Philip II's Reign, in W. L. Adams and E. N. Borza, edd., Philip II, Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Heritage (Washington 1982: hereafter 'Hatzopoulos') 41, gives the quotation, which is from G. F. Abbot, Macedonian Folklore (Cambridge 1903) 155. keywords: alexander; amyntas; archon; death; greek; hammond; king; macedonian; philip; reign; winter; year cache: grbs-3531.pdf plain text: grbs-3531.txt item: #1015 of 1726 id: grbs-3541 author: Swain, Simon title: Macrianus as the “Well-Horned Stag” in the Thirteenth Sibylline Oracle date: 1992 words: 3447 flesch: 63 summary: The second much shorter part of the Oracle, an additional section by a new author with no interest in the fate of Antoninus, ends by hailing the rise of Palmyra under its prince Odaenathus. Odaenathus did not of course actually destroy Macrianus (that task fell to Gallienus' general, Aureolus, in Thrace), but his intervention against Macrianus' forces in the East gave the Oracle the licence to say he did. keywords: author; greek; macrianus; odaenathus; oracle; roman; simon; stag; swain cache: grbs-3541.pdf plain text: grbs-3541.txt item: #1016 of 1726 id: grbs-3551 author: Wortley, John title: The Spirit of Rivalry in Early Christian Monachism date: 1992 words: 10419 flesch: 67 summary: What, however, the existence of the Paphnutian cycle does do (as Festugiere pointed out) is to demonstrate very clearly that de vieux souvenirs de folk-lore palen were certainly in circulation and, moreover, were capable of insinuating themselves into and distorting Christian stories. But there are also comparison stories firmly em­ bedded in saints' lives, of which two instances have come to our notice. keywords: antony; christian; desert; greek; john; life; man; monachism; monk; paphnutius; paul; question; rivalry; spirit; stories; story; studies; tales; text; vita; winter; wortley; years cache: grbs-3551.pdf plain text: grbs-3551.txt item: #1017 of 1726 id: grbs-3561 author: Madigan, Brian title: An Orpheus among the Animals at Dumbarton Oaks date: 1992 words: 5540 flesch: 55 summary: Thus despite the variations in the details of the renderings between the Dumbarton Oaks and Moscow examples on the one hand and the London example on the other, the textiles as a group present Orpheus as a warning of a power that fails to triumph over death. The funereal function of the design sets it against most other Orpheus mosaics, but corresponds with the predominant concern of the Egyptian examples. keywords: animals; brian; byzantine; centaur; dumbarton; dumbarton oaks; madigan; oaks; orpheus; pan; power; subject; supra; textile cache: grbs-3561.pdf plain text: grbs-3561.txt item: #1018 of 1726 id: grbs-3571 author: Rothwell, Jr, Kenneth S. title: The Continuity of the Chorus in Fourth-Century Attic Comedy date: 1992 words: 7568 flesch: 62 summary: It is perhaps also relevant that it is not until the third quarter of the fourth century that the use of choruses as illustrations of drama on dedications is replaced by the use of masks. The correlation between chorus and community is surely more complicated.1s Moreover, the diminution of the chorus need not necessarily contribute to drama more suited to individuals. keywords: athenian; athens; century; choregia; chorus; comedy; continuity; esp; fall; fourth; greek; kenneth; p.209; rothwell; studies; supra cache: grbs-3571.pdf plain text: grbs-3571.txt item: #1019 of 1726 id: grbs-3581 author: Burton, Joan B. title: The Function of the Symposium Theme in Theocritus’ Idyll 14 date: 1992 words: 7555 flesch: 53 summary: When scholars speak of Hellenistic sympotic poems, they are usually referring to epigrams (Murray [supra n.3] 44-50). Accordingly, given the general increase in social mobility and wealth (stimulated by Alexander's looting in the East), a more broadly-based Greek population might have felt entitled to participate in Hellenistic sympotic culture. keywords: aeschinas; burton; drinking; fall; function; greek; idyll; joan; murray; p.227; ptolemy; studies; symposia; symposium; symposium theme; theme; theocritus; women cache: grbs-3581.pdf plain text: grbs-3581.txt item: #1020 of 1726 id: grbs-3591 author: Cribiore, Raffaella title: The Happy Farmer: A Student Composition from Roman Egypt date: 1992 words: 7582 flesch: 69 summary: Without explicitly saying so, he reprinted Wilcken's first text of 1890 with only one change, and that a manifestly incorrect reading-apyol for aypOl at the end of line 5-in effect adding to the student's other mistakes. Both Wilcken and Leclercq speak of a composition with teacher's corrections, but the only sign of correction is an expunging dot on top of the p of fP1tlA.£~{J) at the end of line 2, which could have been added by the student. keywords: byzantine; composition; cribiore; egypt; fall; farmer; greek; life; line; p.247; raffaella; roman; student; student composition; studies; text; verse; wilcken cache: grbs-3591.pdf plain text: grbs-3591.txt item: #1021 of 1726 id: grbs-3601 author: Pétrin, Nicole title: Philological Notes on the Crossbow and Related Missile Weapons date: 1992 words: 12178 flesch: 61 summary: 16 Briau and Heiberg, the most important editors of this medical text, selected the reading ~'Uro'ta, citing the variants Jl.'U1Cl't0: and ~'Ul'tO:.n Sophocles, who used Briau, perceived it as 12 Sylloge Tacticorum 38.8f, ed. A. Dain (Paris 1938): also two bowstrings each, and wooden (JUlA.TjVapta with small arrows each and with quivers of the same type; some call such small arrows Il£vat. Kat a01ttBa Ol£tPTlOE Kat 8wpaKa keywords: ammianus; archery; arcuballista; arrow; artillery; byzantine; century; crossbow; engine; equipment; evidence; fall; greek; guide; jarkh; kat; latin; missile; missile weapons; nicole; notes; p.265; pétrin; roman; second; siege; studies; text; use; vegetius; weapons; word cache: grbs-3601.pdf plain text: grbs-3601.txt item: #1022 of 1726 id: grbs-361 author: Shcheglov, Dmitriy A. title: Hipparchus on the Latitude of Southern India date: 2005 words: 7989 flesch: 63 summary: Hipparchus criticized Eratosthenes’ opinion on this point but, Strabo asserts, fell into the still greater error of bringing northern India to a latitude above Ireland (54°) and placing southern India farther north than 16º50′. The re-examination of his testimony offered in this paper shows that his account of Hipparchus’ reasoning is wholly misleading, and that in fact Hipparchus argued that the northern frontier of India lies to the north of Athens, but not so far as Strabo claims, while southern India should be placed not to the north of Meroe (16º50′), as Strabo asserts, but to the south of 122/5º. keywords: berger; dicks; eratosthenes; geography; hipparchus; iii; india; ka‹; latitude; meroe; north; observations; parallel; southern; strabo; taprobane cache: grbs-361.pdf plain text: grbs-361.txt item: #1023 of 1726 id: grbs-3611 author: Connor, Carolyn L. title: Hosios Loukas as a Victory Church date: 1992 words: 6798 flesch: 56 summary: CONNOR, CAROLYN L., Hosios Loukas as a Victory Church , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 33:3 (1992:Fall) p.293 CAROLYN L. CONNOR 295 A little-known hagiographical source, the Vita of St Loukas of Steiris, has been valuable for this study. CONNOR, CAROLYN L., Hosios Loukas as a Victory Church , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 33:3 (1992:Fall) p.293 Hosios Loukas as a Victory Church Carolyn L. Connor O VER THE PAST CENTURY the Byzantine monastery of Hos­ ios Loukas near Delphi in central Greece has fascinated and perplexed scholars, who have recognized in it the outstanding preserved examples of middle-Byzantine architec­ ture and monumental decoration. keywords: byzantine; carolyn; carolyn l.; church; connor; crete; fall; greek; hosios loukas; joshua; katholikon; loukas; p.293; saint; studies; victory; victory church cache: grbs-3611.pdf plain text: grbs-3611.txt item: #1024 of 1726 id: grbs-3621 author: Goldfarb, Barry E. title: The Conflict of Obligations in Euripides’ Alcestis date: 1992 words: 8030 flesch: 59 summary: The characters in Alcestis are all subject to contradictory evaluations: Alcestis' melodramatic sclf­ sacrifice,9 Admetus' excessive bathos, the sophistry of Ad­ metus' father Pheres, Heracles' buffoonery. In insisting that Heracles stay with him, Admetus allows for the possibility of violating his earlier oath to Alcestis to forswear any sort of revelry. keywords: admetus; alcestis; barry; conflict; euripides; goldfarb; greek; heracles; obligations; philia; studies; supra; wife; xenia cache: grbs-3621.pdf plain text: grbs-3621.txt item: #1025 of 1726 id: grbs-3631 author: Blyth, P. H. title: Apollodorus of Damascus and the Poliorcetica date: 1992 words: 14426 flesch: 62 summary: £1t£/l'Va bwypa'Vae;, Kat 1tacrav im£AUATlcra Kat imoup­ yov a1tD.ucra 1tav'ta bd~ae; Kat E1t' au'tOu Epyacra/l£VOe;, 'tva 1tpOe; 't(l imobdY/la'ta O/lO l(fJe;, £l ne; xpda y£vol'tO, EP­ yacrll'tal. E1td E1t£I.Hjla 8E Kat 'tEKwva<; EYXroptOU<;40 Kat 'toue; aAAro<; EpyacracrSal Kat 1tOlTlcral 8UVaJ.1EVou<;. keywords: apollodorus; author; blyth; byzantine; damascus; description; design; devices; emperor; greek; h. blyth; kat; ladders; original; p. h.; p.127; poliorcetica; ram; roman; shed; siege; studies; summer; text; tower; trajan; wheels cache: grbs-3631.pdf plain text: grbs-3631.txt item: #1026 of 1726 id: grbs-3641 author: Smith, Rebekah M. title: Photius on the Ten Orators date: 1992 words: 13615 flesch: 67 summary: £7tapat 't£ AoYOt<; 'tE'ta1tEtvWI,tEVOV tAEUptxtbT\e;68 (frA K.-A.), where in a Euripidean monody a cook reflects upon the preparation of food; and in fr.3 there are two more euripidomaniacs rather similar to Dionysus (015tw yap Ext tOte; JlEAECH tOte; EuptxtboU liJ.1 a'\)'[o<;; EV 'tip 1tEpt <>JlOvola<;;). keywords: antiphon; evidence; gagarin; greek; identity; kat; michael; orator; p.27; pendrick; sophist; spring; studies; tradition; works; xenophon cache: grbs-4141.pdf plain text: grbs-4141.txt item: #1083 of 1726 id: grbs-4151 author: Eckstein, A. M. title: Polybius, the Achaeans, and the ‘Freedom of the Greeks’ date: 1990 words: 11503 flesch: 60 summary: But working from the basic reconstruction of events established so far, the rest of this paper will propose that Polybius-our original and basic source for this period-consistently emphasized the close association of Achaea, and particularly the Achaean statesman Aristaenus, with the concept of Greek freedom. Further, Polybius cites a maxim of Aristaenus that the morally correct course for the powerful is always to aim at the KClA,OV (24.12.2); perhaps this is the kind of advice which, in Polybius' historical tradition, Aristaenus gave the Romans about Greek freedom. keywords: a. m.; achaean; aristaenus; declaration; eckstein; flamininus; freedom; greeks; liv; livy; philip; policy; polybius; roman; rome; speech; spring; supra cache: grbs-4151.pdf plain text: grbs-4151.txt item: #1084 of 1726 id: grbs-4161 author: Willis, William H. title: The Robinson-Cologne Papyrus of Achilles Tatius date: 1990 words: 12722 flesch: 87 summary: a ~ : o't£pEa F II ]v 25) Local Regul Formu O'Neill (name in final position unless noted) keywords: characters; class; epithets; formulae; formulaic; formularity; greek; homer; iliad; line; localization; merritt; merritt sale; milman parry; minimum; names; nominative; noun; number; occurrences; p.341; p.341 william; parry; percentage; phrases; point; qualities; sale; statistics; studies; table; times; trojans; william; william merritt; word cache: grbs-4241.pdf plain text: grbs-4241.txt item: #1094 of 1726 id: grbs-4251 author: Schrenk, Lawrence title: Augustine’s De Trinitate in Byzantine Skepticism date: 1989 words: 2588 flesch: 71 summary: SCHRENK, LAWRENCE P., Augustine's De Trinitate in Byzantine Skepticism , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:3 (1989) p.451 Augustine's De Trinitate in Byzantine Skepticism Lawrence P. Schrenk W. HILE NO SCHOLAR would underestimate the influence of Augustine on the course of Latin philosophy and theology, the (quite belated) influence of Augustine on Byzantine thought has been the subject of little study. keywords: augustine; byzantine; century; greek; leal; skepticism; trinitate cache: grbs-4251.pdf plain text: grbs-4251.txt item: #1095 of 1726 id: grbs-4261 author: Annas, Julia title: Epicurean Emotions date: 1989 words: 9561 flesch: 67 summary: When it comes to natural anger, Philodemus is fuller but unfor­ tunately more obscure as to the overall picture. Natural anger is not simply a good or a bad thing; rather, Epicureans hold that 'to ~EV m19o<; au'to Ka'tCt OU1Al1'1.V a1toq>a1.VO~ESa KaKov, E1tEtOTt AU1tl1- pov Eonv i1 avuAoyoV AU1t11Pq1, Ka'tCt OE 'tTtV OUV1tA01CTtV 'til otaSton Kav ayaSov Pl1SOeOSal. V0J.1lC0J.1£V· ouvlo'ta'tal. keywords: anger; annas; beliefs; desire; emotions; epicurean; epicurus; food; good; greek; julia; nature; p.145; person; philodemus; studies; way cache: grbs-4261.pdf plain text: grbs-4261.txt item: #1096 of 1726 id: grbs-4271 author: O'Connor, David K. title: The Invulnerable Pleasures of Epicurean Friendship date: 1989 words: 9896 flesch: 56 summary: The heart of Epicurean friendship seems to have been fellowship rather than political action or philosophical conversation. Banqueting, remembering the dead, meditating on the teachings of the Master: if we want to understand the great value Epicurus 4 There are enough sneers from outsiders to justify calling Epicurean friendships 'notorious' . keywords: cicero; david; epicurean; epicurean friendship; epicurus; friendship; greek; ideal; o'connor; p.165; pleasures; roman; studies; view cache: grbs-4271.pdf plain text: grbs-4271.txt item: #1097 of 1726 id: grbs-4281 author: Obbink, Dirk title: The Atheism of Epicurus date: 1989 words: 17661 flesch: 64 summary: Math. 9.25 (Epic. fr.356 Us.), which attests that according to Epicurus people originally derived the conception of god from pre­ sentations received in sleep (EK 'trov Ku'ta 'tou~ U1tVOU~ cpuv'tUOtrov olum 'tou~ a v - 9pOmou~ EVVOtUV t01tUKEVm 9EOU), and quotes Epicurus' explanation: 'For when great images of human shape impressed them during sleep, they supposed that some such gods of human shape really existed (IlEYUAcoV yap tiowAcoV, CPl1oi. A lex. 173-75); Lucian OBBINK, DIRK, The Atheism of Epicurus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:2 (1989) p.187 198 THE ATHEISM OF EPICURUS authors did of course occupy themselves in speculating where, in the Epicurean universe, such gods could exist.34 keywords: argument; atheism; atheists; belief; carneades; charge; cic; cicero; cult; dirk; dirk obbink; divine; epicurean; epicurus; epi­; esp; existence; fact; gods; gomperz; greek; henrichs; kat; math; nat.d; obbink; p.187; philodemus; piet; posidonius; religion; sextus; studies; supra; views cache: grbs-4281.pdf plain text: grbs-4281.txt item: #1098 of 1726 id: grbs-4291 author: Vander Waerdt, Paul A. title: Colotes and the Epicurean Refutation of Skepticism date: 1989 words: 20427 flesch: 61 summary: VANDER WAERDT, PAUL A., Colotes and the Epicurean Refutation of Skepticism , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:2 (1989) p.225 Colotes and the Epicurean Refutation of Skepticism Paul A. Vander Waerdt M y OBJECTIVE here is to map out the successive stages of de­ velopment in the Epicurean refutation of skepticism. 225 VANDER WAERDT, PAUL A., Colotes and the Epicurean Refutation of Skepticism , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:2 (1989) keywords: a. vander; academic; apraxia; apraxia argument; arcesilaus; argument; assent; case; colotes; d.l; democritus; epicurean; epicurus; epoche; evidence; greek; impressions; kat; p.225; paul a.; plutarch; pyrrho; refutation; sedley; self; senses; skepticism; socrates; studies; supra; vander; vander waerdt; waerdt cache: grbs-4291.pdf plain text: grbs-4291.txt item: #1099 of 1726 id: grbs-4301 author: Sedley, David title: The Proems of Empedocles and Lucretius date: 1989 words: 12698 flesch: 61 summary: If Aristotle chooses Empedocles rather than the far more suitable Democritus for that role, it is surely because Empedodes, perhaps alone among the Presocratics, has actually supplied him with an illustration of what a non-teleological explanation of an organism 46 Furley (61 with n.15) supports his thesis with the claim that Lucretius 5.837-41 is a translation of Empedocles B 57. Furley is right to point out the clear reminiscence of Empedocles B 137, in which Empedocles attacks the sin of animal slaughter with the example of a father unwittingly sacrificing his own son, who has transmigrated into the body of an ox. keywords: david; david sedley; elements; empedocles; em­; epicurean; epicurus; furley; greek; lines; lucretius; nature; opening; p.269; passage; poem; proems; roman; sedley; studies; transmigration; venus cache: grbs-4301.pdf plain text: grbs-4301.txt item: #1100 of 1726 id: grbs-431 author: Simelidis, Christos title: Honouring the Bridegroom like God: Theodore Prodromos Carm. Hist. 6.46 date: 2006 words: 5502 flesch: 75 summary: 30.48–50 (ed. Littlewood) otow (sc. ı o‰now) eÈfra¤nei kard¤an, otow diege¤rei prÚw eÈxarist¤an ka‹ prÚw Ïmnouw §rey¤zei ka‹ katãnujin §mpoie› ka‹ dãkruon §kkale›tai tÚ ye›on §jileoÊmenon; Symeon of Thessalonike ÉEpistolØ prÚw Lauri≈taw (B9).382–383 (ÖErga Yeologikã p.183 Balfour) …w éllÆlouw prÚw tÚ kalÚn ée‹ §rey¤zete, ka‹ édelfÚw t“ édelf“ bohye¤tv. In addition, Eustathius De capta Thessalonica is worth citing here (p.114.14–15 Kyriakidis): efistr°xontew går ka‹ efiw aÈtoÁw •kãstouw (sc. toÁw naoÊw) ofl bãrbaroi §po¤oun pãndeina ka‹ oÂa yeÚn §rey¤zein efiw êmunan. keywords: bridegroom; carm; case; ger; god; gregory; ka‹; paraphrase; phrase; poem; poetry; prodromos; sappho; theodore; use; words; yeún; yousin cache: grbs-431.pdf plain text: grbs-431.txt item: #1101 of 1726 id: grbs-4311 author: White, Michael J. title: What to Say to a Geometer date: 1989 words: 6066 flesch: 50 summary: Of course, that the argument's source was Epicurean and that they made this sort of dialectical use of it is but a conjecture, supported by very little circumstantial evi­ dence.14 13 Sedley points out that in the case of 'natural' atomic motion and the 1tap­ tYKA.t(n~, we are evidently dealing with parallel straight lines with a privileged orientation (i.e., down/up). Finally, Proclus comments that ·someone could say (evidently, someone not assuming the parallel postulate) that straight lines whose interior angles total less than two right angles but are greater than or equal to some angle a • remain nonsecant; but if the total is less than a, they intersect (370.4-10). keywords: argument; epicurean; geometer; geometry; lines; michael; studies; vlastos; white cache: grbs-4311.pdf plain text: grbs-4311.txt item: #1102 of 1726 id: grbs-4321 author: Clay, Diskin title: A Lost Epicurean Community date: 1989 words: 10281 flesch: 63 summary: In adopting the combined philosophical form of letter and dialogue Diogenes is also imitating Epicurus' Symposium, which is a dialogue between Epicu­ rus and Polyaenus. But in Oenoanda Diogenes waged his own war with the three philosophical sects that were well disposed to Alexander. keywords: alexander; athens; casanova; chilton; clay; community; diogenes; diskin; epicurean; epicurean community; epicurus; greek; inscription; letter; lucian; new; oenoanda; p.313; philosophy; roman; smith; studies cache: grbs-4321.pdf plain text: grbs-4321.txt item: #1103 of 1726 id: grbs-4331 author: Lang, Mabel title: Unreal Conditions in Homeric Narrative date: 1989 words: 9200 flesch: 51 summary: First, a distinction must be noted among unreal conditions de­ pending on whether the protases are affirmative or negative. It will be use­ fu , therefore, to consider the two kinds of unreal conditions separately, treating first those with negative protases which make up four-fifths of the total number in the Iliad (35 of 44) but only half of those in the Odyssey, again reflecting the different usage in the two epics. keywords: conditions; greek; hector; homeric; iliad; lang; mabel; narrative; odyssey; protases; pseudo; studies; type; zeus cache: grbs-4331.pdf plain text: grbs-4331.txt item: #1104 of 1726 id: grbs-4341 author: Race, William H. title: The Six Crowns at Pindar, Isthmian 1.10-12 date: 1989 words: 5190 flesch: 66 summary: Against the hypothesis that the six are victories shared by Theban athletes in one Isthmiad he can only say: dass Pindar in keinem Epi­ nikion Siege, welche von den Bewohnern der Heimatstadt des Siegers gewon­ nen wurden, erwahnt, dass er sich viclmehr nur urn die Siege dessen, dem die Ode gewidmet ist, und dessen Familie kiimmert. RACE, WILLIAM H., The Six Crowns at Pindar, Isthmian 1.10-12 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:1 (1989) p.27 WILLIAM H. RACE because it bestowed six crowns on Cadmus' people from its games, the glory of victory for their fatherland. keywords: castor; crowns; games; greek; herodotus; p.27; pindar; race; studies; theban; thebes; victories; victory; william cache: grbs-4341.pdf plain text: grbs-4341.txt item: #1105 of 1726 id: grbs-4351 author: Lewis, R. G. title: The Procedural Basis of Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus date: 1989 words: 12235 flesch: 67 summary: Rather, we should expect to find the essential basis of his exposition in a single process identifiable in Attic law; and if the poet needed to modify or amplify it with any other, the t Exponents of the theme (cited hereafter by authors' names) include B. M. W. KNOX, Oedipus at Thebes (New Haven 1957) 78ff, and G. GREIFFENHAGEN, Der Prozess des Oedipus, Hermes 94 (1966) 147--76 (further literature at 148f); cf R. D. D AWE, Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus (Cambridge 1982) esp. LEWIS, R. G., The Procedural Basis of Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:1 (1989) p.41 R. G. LEWIS 49 evidence that, like Oedipus, either made a public appeal for testi­ mony or laid a curse on those who knew something but failed to reveal it.25 In Attic law, if summoned they could probably be compelled to testify, even if their evidence was self-incrim­ inating; but neither prosecutor nor archon would, like Oedipus, offer immunity from punishment in respect of such evidence,26 nor would it normally in a murder trial be available. keywords: andoc; athenian; basis; case; chorus; creon; evidence; greek; harrison; homicide; law; lewis; macdowell; oedipus; oedipus tyrannus; p.41; play; r. g.; sophocles; studies; trial; tyrannus cache: grbs-4351.pdf plain text: grbs-4351.txt item: #1106 of 1726 id: grbs-4361 author: Robertson, Noel title: Melanthus, Codrus, Neleus, Caucon: Ritual Myth as Athenian History date: 1988 words: 31784 flesch: 71 summary: We should note that all these methods were in use, and are reflected just as clearly in other stories in which Athena's accoutrement, it may be the helmet or the Gorgon-head rather than the aigis, serves as an instrument of terror. Other names are simply the crop or plant (A{vos, !.raq>vAos, ilac/>v7J, r YaKtVOos) or its desired condition (' AvO£vs 'Blooming', PL~OS 'Bristling', like an ear of ripe corn). keywords: andania; apollo; artemis; athenian; athens; autumn; basile; caucon; cauconians; city; codrus; cult; daughter; demeter; dionysus; eleusis; eleutherae; family; festival; goatskin; greek; hecataeus; hellanicus; herodotus; history; ionian; king; line; man; melaenae; melanaigis; melanthus; miletus; mysteries; myth; neleus; noel; noel robertson; p.201; pausanias; place; pylos; ritual; robertson; sanctuary; second; story; studies; supra; time; trick cache: grbs-4361.pdf plain text: grbs-4361.txt item: #1107 of 1726 id: grbs-4371 author: Slater, Niall W. title: Aristophanes’ Apprenticeship Again date: 1989 words: 7189 flesch: 60 summary: SLATER, NIALL W., Aristophanes' Apprenticeship Again , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:1 (1989) p.67 Aristophanes' Apprenticeship Again Niall W. Slater T HE TWO passages in Acbarnians where Dicaeopolis sudden­ ly seems to become Aristophanes himself (at lines 377ff and 497ff) have evoked considerable interest recently.1 In both places Dicaeopolis refers to his troubles with Cleon in a way that makes it clear that he is speaking not as the character but as the poet: (1)'to<;; 't' EJlau'tov U1tO KAEOlVO<;; a.1ta6ov E1tta'taJlal OUI Tllv 1tEpUallCroJlq>OtClV. daEAlCuaa<;; yap Jl' d<;; 'to ~OUAEU'tTtPLOV 380 OlE~aAAE lCat 'VEUOi\ lCa'tEYAronl~E JlOU lCa1CUlCAO~OPEl lCa.1tAUVEV, roa't' OAt you 1taVU a1troAOJlllV JlOAUV01tpaYJlovOUJlEVO<;;. D. F. Sutton, in the context of an analysis of the metatheatrical t They are the focus of Dana Ferrin SlJITON, Dicaeopolis as Aristophanes, Aristophanes as Dicaeopolis, LCM 13 (1988: hereafter 'Sutton') 105-08, and E. 1. keywords: acharnians; actor; apprenticeship; aristophanes; chorus; cleon; dicaeopolis; greek; niall; niall w.; p.67; play; poet; slater; studies cache: grbs-4371.pdf plain text: grbs-4371.txt item: #1108 of 1726 id: grbs-4381 author: Bicknell, P. J. title: Athenians Politically Active in Pnyx II date: 1989 words: 7712 flesch: 79 summary: OS (PA 10352), who had a very special reason for BICKNELL, P. J., Athenians Politically Active in Pnyx II , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:1 (1989) p.83 P. J. BICKNELL being given the floor for proposing a mission to Philip in 348/ 7; he had recently been ransomed and hoped to recover the money (Aeschin. 2.12). These now comprise: 'AVOO1dOTlS AEOY'(OpOU Kuoa9Tlva1.EUS (PA 828). keywords: athenians; bicknell; city; coast; demes; hansen; inland; pnyx cache: grbs-4381.pdf plain text: grbs-4381.txt item: #1109 of 1726 id: grbs-4391 author: Rauk, John title: Erinna’s Distaff and Sappho Fr.94 date: 1989 words: 6129 flesch: 72 summary: RAUK, JOHN, Erinna's Distaff and Sappho Fr.94 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:1 (1989) p.101 Erinna's Distaff and Sappho Fr.94 John Rauk SCHOLARS HAVE frequently noticed a general similarity in situation between Erinna's Distaff, in which Erinna recalls her life with Baucis, and Sappho fr.94 (L.-P.), which pre­ sents a similar picture of the relationship between Sappho and a female companion. 101 RAUK, JOHN, Erinna's Distaff and Sappho Fr.94 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 30:1 (1989) p.101 102 ERINNA'S DISTAFF AND SAPPHO FR.94 extensive papyrus fragment 4 which shows that the subject of the poem was the marriage and subsequent death of Erinna's childhood friend, Baucis. keywords: baucis; distaff; erinna; fr.94; friend; greek; john; marriage; p.101; poem; pompilos; rauk; sappho; sappho fr.94; studies; supra cache: grbs-4391.pdf plain text: grbs-4391.txt item: #1110 of 1726 id: grbs-4401 author: Solmsen, Friedrich title: Classical Scholarship in Berlin between the Wars date: 1989 words: 10050 flesch: 52 summary: Generalizations are impossible; still, an inten­ sive effort at penetrating to the personality of the great authors, their spiritual and artistic traits, and their achievements was char­ acteristic of scholars as different as Jaeger, Eduard Fraenkel, Reinhardt, Hermann Frankel, Friedlander, Regenbogen, Kling­ ner, Von der Miihll, and many others of this generation and their pupils. Attention to externals, while losing ground, varied naturally with the subject; I recall Jaeger in his course on Aes­ chylus keeping it at a minimum, while in that on Demosthenes it loomed large. keywords: berlin; book; courses; eduard; fraenkel; friedrich; greek; group; history; jaeger; new; norden; p.117; p.117 friedrich; re­; roman; scholarship; solmsen; students; studies; time; wars; wilamowitz; years cache: grbs-4401.pdf plain text: grbs-4401.txt item: #1111 of 1726 id: grbs-441 author: Jordan, D. R. title: P.Duk.inv. 729, Magical Formulae date: 2006 words: 5375 flesch: 78 summary: «Fil¤tv` me [tÚn d(e)›(na), ˘n ¶-] 23 tek(en) ≤̀ d̀(e)›(na), [≤ d(e)›(na), ∂n ¶tek(en) ≤ d(e)›(na), ka‹ §n pã]s̀˙̀ peript[≈si.» ÉEp‹ (d¢?) tØn] 24 tãblaǹ̀ [taÊthn §gxãrajon ka‹] ˜̀ti: «Katad« [tØn d(e)›(na) afigu-] 25 ptist‹ k̀[atå toË megãlou yeoË:] * * * * [ * * * ] 26 IAI * * * [ * * * * * * ] * `: [Fil¤tv me] 27 ≤ d(e)›(na) diå t«[n xaraktÆrvn toÊtvn.» v a c a t ] ↔ 28 keywords: charaktêres; formulae; greek; jordan; ka‹; leaf; man; p.duk.inv; pgm; right; spell; supplmag; toad cache: grbs-441.pdf plain text: grbs-441.txt item: #1112 of 1726 id: grbs-4411 author: Clay, Jenny Strauss title: What the Muses Sang: Theogony 1-115 date: 1988 words: 5617 flesch: 67 summary: M. E. Pellikan-Engel, Hesiod and Parmenides (Amsterdam 1974); H. Schwabl, Hesiod und Parmenides: Zur Formung des parmenideischen Prooimions, RhM 106 (1963) 138-42; and E. F. Dolin, Parmenides and Hesiod, HSCP 66 (1962) 93-98. 24 To conclude: through a complex series of parallels, juxtapositions, and contrasts, the sequence of songs sung by the Muses in the proem throws into relief certain unique characteristics of Hesiod's theogonic song that follows. keywords: clay; gods; greek; hesiod; human; jenny; muses; proem; song; strauss; studies; supra; theogony; things; truth; zeus cache: grbs-4411.pdf plain text: grbs-4411.txt item: #1113 of 1726 id: grbs-4421 author: Gagarin, Michael title: The First Law of the Gortyn Code date: 1988 words: 4596 flesch: 66 summary: 28 On these problems see Rosen 15f, Maffi (supra n.5) 14f, van Eifenterre (supra n.6) 50. Most significantly Rosen argues that in the first sen­ tence the datives iAEV(UpOL and a ciA OL designate not the object of contention (contend about x) but rather the other party to the suit (contend against x). keywords: case; code; gortyn; interpretation; law; legal; michael; rosen; sentence; slave; verb cache: grbs-4421.pdf plain text: grbs-4421.txt item: #1114 of 1726 id: grbs-4431 author: Moorton, Jr, Richard F. title: Aristophanes on Alcibiades date: 1988 words: 7367 flesch: 60 summary: Cleophon was the most influential leader at Athens in 405 and the very type of new politician that the chorus soon urges the audience to reject in favor of the kaloi kagathoi (717-37), among whom it would not be inaccurate to class Alcibiades, an Alcmaeonid with blood as blue as any. MOORTON, RICHARD F., JR, Aristophanes on Alcibiades , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 29:4 (1988:Winter) p.345 Aristophanes on Alcibiades Richard F. Moorton, Jr keywords: aeschylus; alcibiades; aristophanes; athenian; athens; city; dionysus; frogs; greek; moorton; p.345; recall; richard; studies; winter cache: grbs-4431.pdf plain text: grbs-4431.txt item: #1115 of 1726 id: grbs-4441 author: Yunis, Harvey title: Law, Politics, and the Graphe Paranomon in Fourth-Century Athens date: 1988 words: 11121 flesch: 66 summary: In both cases there were also proper legal pleas advanced: Oem. 22.5-11; implied in [Oem.] 59.4. For the sake of convenience, I will call the plea of paranomon the 'legal plea', and the latter two pleas, concerning inexpediency and unworthiness, 'political pleas'. keywords: athenian; athens; century; decree; demosthenes; graphe paranomon; greek; hansen; harvey; jurors; law; oem; paranomon; plea; politics; prosecutor; roman; speech; statute; studies; yunis cache: grbs-4441.pdf plain text: grbs-4441.txt item: #1116 of 1726 id: grbs-4451 author: Tracy, Stephen V. title: IG II2 937: Athens and the Seleucids date: 1988 words: 2884 flesch: 82 summary: [ELvat o~ aVT]OO[L Kllat o-lTl1o-[tV EIJ- 7rp]vTavdooL alTl1o-alJ-tvoot K[a]- [Ta TOVs Vb]IJ-0VS' Ta o~ o/~cpLo-lIJ-)a TbOE avaypao/at Tav ypalJ-- [ , ']' , ['] , \ \ ()' , , lJ-aTEa TOV KaTa 7rpVTaVELaV EL S o-Tl1Al1V AL LVl1V lCaL ava- I , ~I A \, e \ ] av wv 0 u7Jp. o~ OVI\.Op.€VO~ a~LW~ TLp.av TOV~ aya ov~ 5t ' [A-. keywords: athens; dotted; kal; line; seleucids cache: grbs-4451.pdf plain text: grbs-4451.txt item: #1117 of 1726 id: grbs-4461 author: Baker, Aaron title: Eunapius’ Νέα Ἔκδοσις and Photius date: 1988 words: 7683 flesch: 64 summary: On the interpretation proposed by Henry, Photius saw both fleOOUfLS bound in one codex with apparently some matter intervening, and bound next to each other in another codex (that by TfVXOS Photius means 'codex' is urged, correctly I believe, by T. Birt, Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhtiltniss zur Litteratur Kat EV fLEV Tn 7rPWTV 7rOA>~V KaT a TijS Ka8apas < n ~ X ~, , Q~ ,' \ \ l> ' ~ ~ \ n • Q~ Q ~ , 1\7JVLK7JV a7rOCTEfLvVVEL uELCTLuaLfLovLav, 7rOl\l\a TWV EVCTE,..WV ,.. keywords: aaron; baker; beginning; bibliotheca; books; codex; edition; ekdosis; eunapius; greek; history; nea; p.389; paschoud; photius; read; studies; winter; work cache: grbs-4461.pdf plain text: grbs-4461.txt item: #1118 of 1726 id: grbs-4471 author: Lee, A. D. title: Close-Kin Marriage in Late Antique Mesopotamia date: 1988 words: 5356 flesch: 53 summary: This law is di­ rected specifically to inhabitants of the provinces of Osrhoene and Mesopotamia who have entered into unlawful marriages (gamoi athe­ mitoi). Reference is then made to a law of Justinian that penalises those living in unlawful marriages (athemitoi gamoi). keywords: century; greek; justinian; kin; kin marriage; law; marriage; mesopotamia; osrhoene; persian; practice; roman; studies cache: grbs-4471.pdf plain text: grbs-4471.txt item: #1119 of 1726 id: grbs-4481 author: Rehm, Rush title: The Staging of Suppliant Plays date: 1988 words: 24586 flesch: 62 summary: According to the generally accepted view, the altar at which suppliants in various plays made their entreaties is totally distinct from the ritual altar of Dionysus which belonged to the fes­ tival, not to the play, and was in the centre ofthe orchestra,7 The lat­ ter structure (here called I~ ~ '1. ~ I WS' LuW uL?TI\OVV ICaiCOV, \ \ 6 Excellent sense would be attained by writing \ \ '1. ~ '1. I~> < keywords: ale; coniectanea; david; diggle; euripidea; greek; hecuba; kovacs; line; meaning; misfortune; p.115; second; sense; studies; summer; verb cache: grbs-4511.pdf plain text: grbs-4511.txt item: #1124 of 1726 id: grbs-4521 author: Goff, Barbara E. title: The Shields of Phoenissae date: 1988 words: 8590 flesch: 56 summary: It is true that some sort of shield scene appears to be anticipated in several strategic references made to shields (120, 142,251,576,796, 1073), and more precisely by the teichoskopia and Eteocles' dismissive comment to Creon (751f: lJvofLa 0' (Kcl.OTOV o,aTp,{3~ 7TOAA~ A€Y£LV EX8pWV 1m' aVTo,!> In Foley's view (128), Attempts to interpret Euripides' description of warriors, gates and shields as symbolic have been notably unsuccessful, and the lack of significant pattern becomes a statement in itself .... keywords: aeschylean; barbara; barbara e.; eteocles; goff; greek; p.135; phoenissae; play; polyneices; scene; shield; sphinx; studies; summer; thebes cache: grbs-4521.pdf plain text: grbs-4521.txt item: #1125 of 1726 id: grbs-4531 author: Wheeler, Everett L. title: Πολλὰ κενὰ τοῦ πολέμου: The History of a Greek Proverb date: 1988 words: 15930 flesch: 67 summary: , \ ,~ ,~, \ \ ~ \ \ ~ ~ . I\fapxo~. 177 This amusing passage on the libido of birds is not as irrelevant to military panic as it may initially appear (and its biological accuracy is not pertinent to my argument). keywords: alexander; aristotle; association; attack; b.c; cato; century; cicero; clausewitz; clearchus; diodorus; diogenianus; duris; everett; everett l.; greek; history; kal; kat; kena; kena tou; l. wheeler; panic; phrase; polemou; polla; polla kena; polybius; problem; proverb; source; stratagem; studies; summer; supra; thucydides; tou; tov; toy; use; war; wheeler cache: grbs-4531.pdf plain text: grbs-4531.txt item: #1126 of 1726 id: grbs-4541 author: Heskel, Julia title: The Political Background of the Arybbas Decree date: 1988 words: 5372 flesch: 67 summary: 12 This evi­ dence must be interpreted in the light of the account provided by Dio­ dorus: in a chronographic section under 342/1 (archonship of So­ sigenes), he says that in this year Arybbas king of the Molossians died after ruling for ten years; he was survived by a son Aeacides, but In the last phase of their relations, Philip expelled Arybbas from his kingdom and put Alexander, Arybbas' nephew, on the throne; Arybbas sought refuge in Athens, where he and his descendants were voted various honors. keywords: alexander; arybbas; athens; background; date; decree; greek; heskel; julia; philip; studies; summer cache: grbs-4541.pdf plain text: grbs-4541.txt item: #1127 of 1726 id: grbs-4551 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: More on Conditions of Production to the Death of Aeschylus date: 1988 words: 15973 flesch: 71 summary: Finally, the plots of Aeschylus' plays were the subject of a special study ca 400 B.C. by Glaucus of Rhegium,29 which presupposes that there was a list of such plays. I We owe our knowledge of the early theatre to various factors: literary testimonia, archaeological discoveries, vase-paint­ ings, plays and fragments of Aeschylus, and our own experience in the production of plays. keywords: aeschylus; apollo; athena; b.c; conditions; darius; death; furies; g. l.; greek; hammond; n. g.; orchestra; orestes; painting; play; production; prometheus; rock; spring; studies; supra; theatre cache: grbs-4551.pdf plain text: grbs-4551.txt item: #1128 of 1726 id: grbs-4561 author: Lewis, R. G. title: An Alternative Date for Sophocles’ Antigone date: 1988 words: 8285 flesch: 62 summary: 8 Appointment to the board-indeed apparently to head it-of Sophocles the poet, while no proof of political sympathy with Empire (Oxford 1972 [hereafter 'Meiggs')) 244f; V. Ehrenberg, Sophocles and Pericles (Oxford 1954) 120f. According to the Vita (1) Sophocles was general with not only Pericles, but also a prominent bearer of the name Thucydides-presumably supposed to be the son of Melesias rather than the historian. keywords: alternative; antigone; athenian; date; greek; lewis; p.35; pericles; pluto; samian; sophocles; spring; studies; supra; war; year cache: grbs-4561.pdf plain text: grbs-4561.txt item: #1129 of 1726 id: grbs-4571 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Organization of the Athenian Assembly: A Reply date: 1988 words: 3616 flesch: 64 summary: Pnyx. 10 M. H. Hansen, The Construction of Pnyx II and the Introduction of Assembly Pay, CIMed 37 (1986) 91; cf H. A. Thompson, The Pnyx in Models, Hesperia Suppl. 19 (1982) 135: The natural contours of the hillside would have permitted many citizens to sit or stand outside the dressed seating floor. 11 Listed and described by Siewert (supra n.2) 12 with n.57. 12 Following Moysey,14 I still hold that the Thirty may well have started the rebuilding as reported by Plutarch, perhaps as a pretext for closing the Pnyx; I refuse to believe, however, that the elaborate building up of the auditorium of Pnyx II is the work of the oligarchs. keywords: assembly; athenian; auditorium; bicknell; hansen; organization; pnyx; stanton; trittys cache: grbs-4571.pdf plain text: grbs-4571.txt item: #1130 of 1726 id: grbs-4581 author: Solmsen, Friedrich title: Abdera’s Arguments for the Atomic Theory date: 1988 words: 7747 flesch: 60 summary: Aristotle De gen. et carr. 39 See Democritus 88 and 125; Epicurus ad Herod. 40. keywords: abdera; abderites; arguments; aristotle; atom; breaking; democritus; epicurus; finis; friedrich; greek; guthrie; lucretius; p.59; solmsen; spring; studies; supra; theory; zeno cache: grbs-4581.pdf plain text: grbs-4581.txt item: #1131 of 1726 id: grbs-4591 author: Langdon, Merle K. title: The ΖΩ/ΒΑ Horoi at Vari in Attica date: 1988 words: 2442 flesch: 73 summary: The date for Period XVII of Attic letter forms in W. Larfeld's Handbuch der griechischen Epigraphik 11.2 (Leipzig 1902) 490-501. I take them to be rough in­ dicators of the boundary line,4 even though their orientation is not all 4 I know of nothing quite like them in other Greek inscriptions. keywords: greek; horoi; langdon; vari cache: grbs-4591.pdf plain text: grbs-4591.txt item: #1132 of 1726 id: grbs-4601 author: Vanderspoel, John title: Iamblichus at Daphne date: 1988 words: 1899 flesch: 67 summary: 3 One item that still requires a satisfactory explanation is the statement of Malalas that Iamblichus lived at Daphne during the reign of Ga­ lerius (312.11f [Bonn]): E'1TL aE Tfi!; at,Tov /3a(rLA£ta!; 'IciJ.L/3ALXo!; 0 cpLAO- f.. 'St'St ,~, A' f.. ~ 'I. ~ , ~ Th' cro. If it refers to the philosopher himself, Malalas is wrong: lamblichus almost certainly was not residing at Daphne when he died, but at Apamea.11 Reference 8 Would Malalas actually have found information on the death of Iamblichus in the 'Stadtannalen' of Antioch, as A. Schenk von Stauff enberg, Die romische Kaiserge­ schichte bei Mala/as (Stuttgart 1931) 407, suggests? keywords: antioch; apamea; daphne; iamblichus; malalas; place cache: grbs-4601.pdf plain text: grbs-4601.txt item: #1133 of 1726 id: grbs-461 author: Martin, Gunther title: Rhetorical Exercise or Political Pamphlet? Thomas Magistros’ Exploitation of Demosthenes’ Against Leptines date: 2006 words: 7807 flesch: 62 summary: Thus speeches on this topic were not just written as rhetorical exercises and showpieces to impress one’s audience.11 Whether Thomas Magistros’ declamations make use of those of Aristeides is impossible to say.12 Only some of the core issues of Aristeides’ speech (as suggested by himself) are taken up.13 Essential parts of Demosthenes’ argumentation are also dis- regarded by Magistros. This paper aims to demonstrate that Magistros chose and altered the form and subject matter of the Demosthenic model deliberately so as to allude to an issue of great importance in his own time: the problem of the Byzantine pronoia and its possible abolition. keywords: ateleia; athens; byzantine; declamations; demosthenes; emperor; exercise; ka‹; law; leptines; liturgies; liturgy; magistros; peri; pronoia; speech; speeches; time cache: grbs-461.pdf plain text: grbs-461.txt item: #1134 of 1726 id: grbs-4611 author: Sutton, Dana Ferrin title: Evidence for Lost Dramatic Hypotheses date: 1988 words: 2823 flesch: 64 summary: If tragedies could reflect contemporary events, why exclude the possibility that satyr plays could have done the same? EKA1J 1J TWV EVPOVTWV aVT1JV 1JTO& -yEWP-yWV Ka& EVTEAWV av PW7TWV, an In a scholium to Aristophanes he goes so far as to define a satyr fUTL aE KaL ~OV.4 ullJ-os and cpaAaKpos are words found in satyr play to describe satyrs and Silenus (for the former ef KannichtlSnell, TrGF adesp. keywords: euripides; evidence; hypotheses; logothetes; play; satyr; sutton; tzetzes cache: grbs-4611.pdf plain text: grbs-4611.txt item: #1135 of 1726 id: grbs-4621 author: Friedrich, Rainer title: Thrinakia and Zeus’ Ways to Men in the Odyssey date: 1987 words: 12937 flesch: 60 summary: If, as the pointed use of atasthaliai suggests, the killing of the sun­ god's cattle by Odysseus' crew is on a par with the hybris of Aegisthus and the suitors, then Odysseus' comrades can be said to bear responsi­ bility for their suffering: they brought ruin on themselves, just as Aegisthus and the suitors did; and the fate of Odysseus' comrades serves as a third illustration of the new ethos enunciated by Zeus. M. I. Finley, The World of Odysseus 2 (Harmondsworth 1978) 140f, speaks of a 'moral revolution' in the Olympian religion in which Zeus was transformed from the king of a heroic society to the principle of cosmic justice. keywords: comrades; crew; divine; epic; fenik; friedrich; gods; greek; helios; men; odysseus; odyssey; p.375; poet; poseidon; rainer; studies; supra; thrinakia; thrinakia adventure; ways; winter; zeus cache: grbs-4621.pdf plain text: grbs-4621.txt item: #1136 of 1726 id: grbs-4631 author: Tsitsibakou-Vasalos, Evanthia title: The Meter of the Lille Stesichorus date: 1987 words: 12955 flesch: 61 summary: Second, there is a lack of conclusive evidence for lrigoin's thesis that the alternative metrical analysis of identical verses depends on the pattern of word-division, quite simply because he has not proved sufficiently that word-division is avoided between metrical elements. Ste­ sichorus' inventions would be properly musical and the poet would represent an intermediate stage between primitive dactylo-trochaics, formed essentially of descending elements, and the elaborate dactylo­ trochaics of Pindar in which Stesichorus' musical formulae, although they preserve their effect (retrogradation rythmique et equilibre periodologique), have become true metrical elements treated as such by means of synapheia, and assure the identity of the metrical rhythm and musical, melodic rhythm. keywords: anceps; ancher; dipody; end; enoplios; evanthia; greek; haslam; hemiepes; lille; lille stesichorus; lrigoin; meter; p.401; rhythm; short; stesichorus; studies; tsitsibakou; vasalos; verse; winter; word cache: grbs-4631.pdf plain text: grbs-4631.txt item: #1137 of 1726 id: grbs-4641 author: Fowler, Robert L. title: Sappho fr.31.9 date: 1987 words: 3315 flesch: 73 summary: FOWLER, ROBERT L., Sappho fr. 31.9 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 28:4 (1987:Winter) Page objected to the sense, thinking that yAwOOa could not be used to mean 'power of speech', and that KaTayvv/J-t could not be 433 FOWLER, ROBERT L., Sappho fr. 31.9 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 28:4 (1987:Winter) keywords: fowler; line; robert; sappho; text; theocritus; tmesis cache: grbs-4641.pdf plain text: grbs-4641.txt item: #1138 of 1726 id: grbs-4651 author: Schütrumpf, Eckart title: The Rhetra of Epitadeus: A Platonist’s Fiction date: 1987 words: 8946 flesch: 62 summary: Historians since Meyer have either shared his scepticism­ they are definitely the minority23 -or accepted Plutarch and continue to treat Epitadeus as a historical figure,24 as do Oliva,25 Christien,26 18 D. ASHERI, Sulla legge di Epitadeo, Athenaeum 39 (1961: hereafter 'Asheri') 49 n.12, has already referred to this passage to explain Agis 5 as a typical description of oligarchy. As far as I am aware, no one has yet recognized that Plutarch's account of Spartan conditions before the time of Agis, including the changes brought about by Epitadeus, is an adaptation of the passage we quoted from Republic 8. keywords: account; agis; aristotle; bill; epitadeus; fiction; greek; history; law; plato; platonist; plutarch; property; rhetra; schütrumpf; sparta; studies; supra; winter cache: grbs-4651.pdf plain text: grbs-4651.txt item: #1139 of 1726 id: grbs-4661 author: Petzl, Georg; Malay, Hasan title: A New Confession-Inscription from the Katakekaumene date: 1987 words: 7875 flesch: 73 summary: The chronological indica­ tion seems to be related apo koinou to (7T, lCaTa T7JU a7rOI\VCTLU TOV auaTOV, 't.7Jp.LOOCTaUTOS ~\ \ \ , ~ keywords: accountings; areopagus; assembly; ath.pol; authority; carawan; cases; charges; cimon; conspiracy; council; court; decree; edwin; edwin m.; eisangelia; ephialtes; euthyna; evidence; greek; hansen; jurisdiction; kal; later; miltiades; p.167; people; pericles; plutarch; probole; procedure; prosecution; rhodes; studies; summer; t ~; themistocles; tov; treason; trials; verdict cache: grbs-4761.pdf plain text: grbs-4761.txt item: #1151 of 1726 id: grbs-4771 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Rhetores and Strategoi: Addenda et Corrigenda date: 1987 words: 877 flesch: 85 summary: Strategos, for 390/389 read: 389/8; cf Develin. 200ff; cf Develin). keywords: read cache: grbs-4771.pdf plain text: grbs-4771.txt item: #1152 of 1726 id: grbs-4781 author: Eckstein, A. M. title: Nabis and Flamininus on the Argive Revolutions of 198 and 197 B.C. date: 1987 words: 10737 flesch: 62 summary: Pythagoras was the brother of Nabis' wife (on whose cruelties at Argos see Polyb. 18.17) and was also Nabis' son-in-law. ECKSTEIN, A. M., Nabis and Flamininus on the Argive Revolutions of 198 and 197 B.C. , keywords: achaean; argives; argos; aymard; b.c; city; debate; eckstein; flamininus; greek; livy; nabis; polybius; regime; revolutions; sparta; studies; summer; war cache: grbs-4781.pdf plain text: grbs-4781.txt item: #1153 of 1726 id: grbs-4791 author: Bradbury, Scott title: The Date of Julian’s Letter to Themistius date: 1987 words: 8636 flesch: 61 summary: including works of Julian derive from a lost tenth-century archetype. At 266A Julian speaks of having freed himself insofar as he could from Themistius' re­ proaches «(7ftTtfJ-~CT(ts)-reproaches clearly made in response to state­ ments contained in a previous letter or letters of Julian. keywords: arguments; bidez; bradbury; caesar; constantius; date; emperor; greek; julian; letter; life; p.235; philosophy; rostagni; scott; studies; summer; themistius; time; tov; years cache: grbs-4791.pdf plain text: grbs-4791.txt item: #1154 of 1726 id: grbs-4801 author: Hubbard, Thomas K. title: Two Notes on the Myth of Aeacus in Pindar date: 1987 words: 9827 flesch: 57 summary: It is not uncharacteristic of Pin dar to credit a father with what was in fact the achievement of his son;7 Aeacus was ultimately responsible for begetting and rearing such noble sons (whose many virtues are listed immediately following in 26-28)8 that 4 Cf L. Dissen apud A. Boeckh, ed., Pindari opera quae supersunl 11.2 (Leipzig 1821) 544; F. Mezger, Pindars Siegeslieder (Leipzig 1880) 358; J. B. Bury, The Isthmian Odes of Pindar (London 1892) 143; U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Pindaros (Berlin 1922) 197; L. R. Farnell, The Works of Pindar II (London 1932) 379; K. Fehr, Die My then bei Pindar (Zurich 1936) 42f; H. North, Pindar, Isthmian, 8, 24-28, AlP 69 (1948) 306; A. Peuch, Pindare3 IV (Paris 1961) 77; C. Carey, A Commentary on Five Odes of Pindar (Salem 1981) 193; Thummer (supra n.2) II 133. But perhaps more typical is the attitude of E. Thummer, Pindar: Die Isthmischen Gedichte (Heidelberg 1968) II 134, who presents exhaustive commentary on other details in the composition of the ode but says in regard to one notable case of mythological innovation, Es ist hier nicht notwendig, die von Pindar gewahlte Version ... gegenuber der anderen Mythentradition abzugrenzen und Verbindungslinien aufzuzeigen. . .. keywords: aeacus; gods; greek; hubbard; isthm; myth; n.4; notes; peleus; pindar; poseidon; prophecy; spring; story; studies; supra; thetis; thomas; tradition; troy; zeus cache: grbs-4801.pdf plain text: grbs-4801.txt item: #1155 of 1726 id: grbs-481 author: Pazdernik, Charles title: Xenophon’s Hellenica in Procopius’ Wars: Pharnabazus and Belisarius date: 2006 words: 12273 flesch: 49 summary: dÊnamin ka‹ diå tØn klopØn §jergas¤an §mbãllein ka‹ §pide¤knusyai spoudãzvn bradÁw ka‹ m°llvn ka‹ énaballom°nƒ §oik∆w fa¤netai Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 46 (2006) 175–206 © 2006 GRBS Xenophon’s Hellenica in Procopius’ Wars: keywords: addressee; agesilaus; allegiance; allusion; belisarius; change; charles; condition; fellow; freedom; gelimer; hellenica; justinian; kaldellis; ka‹; king; letter; master; pazdernik; pharas; pharnabazus; procopius; reader; roman; slave; submission; terms; wars; xenophon cache: grbs-481.pdf plain text: grbs-481.txt item: #1156 of 1726 id: grbs-4811 author: Dyson, Michael title: Euripides Medea 1056-80 date: 1987 words: 6217 flesch: 65 summary: DYSON, MICHAEL, Euripides Medea 1056-80 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 28:1 (1987:Spring) p.23 Euripides Medea 1056-80 Michael Dyson SINCE THE RENEWAL of an old attack on the authenticity of Medea 1056-80, above all in an influential article by M. D. Reeve, the conviction that the lines are spurious bids fair to become the new orthodoxy and has been incorporated into the recent Oxford text of Euripides. Mp.ot (1137), which includes women's quarters with the princess installed (1143), and from which one of Jason's servants brings Medea news (1118). keywords: children; dyson; euripides; exile; greek; lines; medea; michael; passage; revenge; studies cache: grbs-4811.pdf plain text: grbs-4811.txt item: #1157 of 1726 id: grbs-4821 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: How Often Did the Athenian Ekklesia Meet? A Reply date: 1987 words: 8537 flesch: 72 summary: If ekklesia synkletos denotes an urgent meeting (as opposed to ordinary meetings called at several days' notice) it follows that the extremely infrequent ekklesiai held on festival days must have been ekklesiai synkletoi, and we have to accept 36 Quoted and discussed in the addendum AE 81. Furthermore, if we follow Harris in assuming that meetings summoned on festival days were probably ordinary meetings but that meetings held on festival days were extremely rare and were held only because the Athenians could not postpone the meeting until the festival was over, we will have to admit that both ordinary ekklesiai and ekklesiai synkletoi could be held as emergency meetings, and Harris's sharp distinction between the two types of meeting tends to break down anyway. 31 Cf AE 78 nos. keywords: aeschines; athenian; ekklesia; elaph; hansen; harris; herman; meetings; mogens; number; prytany; synkletos cache: grbs-4821.pdf plain text: grbs-4821.txt item: #1158 of 1726 id: grbs-4831 author: Stanton, G. R.; Bicknell, P. J. title: Voting in Tribal Groups in the Athenian Assembly date: 1987 words: 22624 flesch: 68 summary: Given the tribal divisions in Pnyx I and Pnyx III we are reluctant to dismiss such juxtaposition in the inter­ mediate Pnyx II as mere coincidence. Pnyx II and Pnyx III, because they reversed the natural slope of the hill, required enormous amounts of rock and earth fill. keywords: agora; assembly; athenian assembly; auditorium; bema; bicknell; century; citizens; city; fig; g. r.; greek; groups; hansen; inland; order; p.51; pnyx; pnyx iii; r. stanton; rock; scarp; section; spring; stanton; stelae; studies; supra; thompson; tribal; tribes; trittys; voting cache: grbs-4831.pdf plain text: grbs-4831.txt item: #1159 of 1726 id: grbs-4841 author: Rigsby, Kent J. title: Megara and Tripodiscus date: 1987 words: 4878 flesch: 70 summary: As to the mother-city, Pausanias tells us plainly that the temple of Apollo was on the western acropolis of Megara city. RIGSBY, KENT J., Megara and Tripodiscus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 28:1 (1987:Spring) p.93 98 MEGARA AND TRIPODISCUS claim of Delphian origin, six miles into the hills from Megara city, will be the site to which the people resorted for the great games, the TIv- 8aELa, as distinct from the TIv8aE&a TO. keywords: apollo; city; god; greek; kent; megara; plutarch; rigsby; studies; supra; temple; tripodiscus cache: grbs-4841.pdf plain text: grbs-4841.txt item: #1160 of 1726 id: grbs-4851 author: Long, Jacqeline title: The Wolf and the Lion: Synesius’ Egyptian Sources date: 1987 words: 6289 flesch: 66 summary: LONG, JACQUELINE, The Wolfand the Lion: Synesius' Egyptian Sources , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 28:1 (1987:Spring) p.103 The Wolf and the Lion: Synesius' Egyptian Sources Jacqueline Long O NE OF THE FEW established facts of Synesius' early career is that he pursued the higher education available at Alexandria. On the embassy see T. D. Barnes, Synesius in Constantinople, GRBS 27 (1986) 93-112; Alan Cameron, Earthquake 400, Chiron 17 (1987) 332-50; Alan Cameron, J. Long, and L. Sherry, Barbarians and Politics at the Court of Arcadius: Synesius' de Providentia (forthcoming). keywords: aurelian; diodorus; egyptian; greek; huns; jacqueline; lion; long; osiris; sources; supra; synesius; typhos; wolf cache: grbs-4851.pdf plain text: grbs-4851.txt item: #1161 of 1726 id: grbs-4861 author: Behler, Ernst title: A. W. Schlegel and the Nineteenth-Century Damnatio of Euripides date: 1986 words: 15358 flesch: 48 summary: If one questions further the role of destiny and adversity in the fiction of the tragic poets, one must conclude that in Greek tragedy it has a BEHLER, ERNST, A. W. Schlegel and the Nineteenth-Century Damnatio of Euripides , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:4 (1986:Winter) p.335 364 THE DAMNATIO OF EURIPIDES deeply religious cause, in fatality -not in the sense of arbitrary decisions by the gods, but that fatality which reigns even over the gods (387). This principle was for them fatality in Greek tragedy, and providence in modern tragedy (388). keywords: a. w.; ancient; art; beauty; behler; century; damnatio; ernst; euripides; french; friedrich; greek; greek tragedy; literature; modern; p.335; poetry; schlegel; sophocles; studies; tragedy; unity; winter; work cache: grbs-4861.pdf plain text: grbs-4861.txt item: #1162 of 1726 id: grbs-4871 author: Henrichs, Albert title: The Last of the Detractors: Friedrich Nietzsche’s Condemnation of Euripides date: 1986 words: 15426 flesch: 53 summary: 2 Sympathetic assessments of Nietzsche's contributions to the study of Greek antiq­ uity include E. Howald, Friedrich Nietzsche und die klassische Philologie (Gotha 1920), on which see J. Mansfeld, The Wilamowitz-Nietzsche Struggle: Another New Docu­ ment and Some Further Comments, NSt 15 (I986) 41-58; H. Lloyd-Jones, Nie­ tzsche and the Study of the Ancient World, in 1. C. O'Flaherty, T. F. Sellner, and R. M. Helm, edd., Studies in Nietzsche and the Classical Tradition 2 (Chapel Hill 1979) 1-15, repr. In reconstructing the origins of tragedy, Nietzsche proceeded from the false assumption, first advocated by K. O. MUller and later revived by Gilbert Murray, that Greek tragedy in its earliest form had for its sole theme the sufferings of Dionysus and that for a long time the only stage hero was Dionysus himself (BT 10).92 Nietzsche perceived the recorded history of Attic tragedy as a progressive de­ parture from this primitive but ideal state. keywords: aeschylus; albert; bacchae; condemnation; der; detractors; dionysus; euripides; friedrich; friedrich nietzsche; greek; henrichs; iii; lecture; new; nietzsche; nie­; p.369; poet; schlegel; socrates; sophocles; studies; supra; tragedy; tragic; und; werke; wilamowitz; winter cache: grbs-4871.pdf plain text: grbs-4871.txt item: #1163 of 1726 id: grbs-4881 author: Mejer, Jorgen title: Henrik Ibsen and the Revival of Euripides date: 1986 words: 3996 flesch: 48 summary: 5 See Meyer 443-45 for the severe personal toll exacted for her financial dealings and the general knowledge that Ibsen had used her as a model for Nora. MEJER, JØRGEN, Henrik Ibsen and the Revival of Euripides , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:4 (1986:Winter) p.399 J0RGEN MEJER 401 meant to be an illustration of Darwinian principles explains the char­ acter of Dr Rank: his father's dissolute life was the cause of Rank's disease, and the latter's disintegration and death is intended as an illustration of hereditary defect. MEJER, JØRGEN, Henrik Ibsen and the Revival of Euripides , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:4 (1986:Winter) p.399 402 HENRIK IBSEN AND EURIPIDES stated that with respect to making tragic characters more like ordinary human beings, Euripides was related to Aeschylus and Sophocles as Ibsen is to Goethe and Schiller.lO In a 1904 review P. Wendland re­ peated this juxtaposition, asserting that anyone influenced by Ibsen and Tolstoy would understand Euripides better than many old-fash­ ioned philologists equipped with all the tools of erudition.ll In both cases the point is that knowledge of modern drama will make it easier to understand the value of Euripidean tragedy in comparison to that of Aeschylus and Sophocles, so idealized by the earlier nineteenth century. keywords: euripides; greek; henrik; ibsen; mejer; plays; revival; wilamowitz cache: grbs-4881.pdf plain text: grbs-4881.txt item: #1164 of 1726 id: grbs-4891 author: Calder III, William M. title: Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff: Sospitator Euripidis date: 1986 words: 10375 flesch: 61 summary: Wilamowitz tells us that Carlyle influenced him.72 Euripi­ dean delineations of character, especially of women - whose roles, detested by the Schlegels and Mommsen, Wilamowitz preferred to play in family productions and readings-attracted Wilamowitz be­ cause he discerned in them reflections of persons he knew. We are not so far from Nietzsche's Dionysus and Apollo.76 For Wilamowitz Euripides, in this respect, stands in sharpest contrast to Sophocles, whose reli­ gion was base superstition.77 keywords: antiqua; berlin; calder; calder iii; euripides; greek; herakles; iii; later; moellendorff; mommsen; new; nietzsche; p.409; rohde; roman; sospitator; sospitator euripidis; studies; ulrich; ulrich von; und; von; von wilamowitz; wilamowitz; william; william m.; winter cache: grbs-4891.pdf plain text: grbs-4891.txt item: #1165 of 1726 id: grbs-4901 author: Huxley, George title: Aetolian Hyantes in Phrynichus date: 1986 words: 1283 flesch: 80 summary: HUXLEY, GEORGE, Aetolian Hyantes in Phrynichus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:3 (1986:Autumn) p.235 Aetolian Hyantes in Phrynichus George Huxley H Y ANTES according to tradition were early inhabitants of Boe­ otia. We conclude from the revised text of Phrynichus fr.5 that the poet mentioned the presence, in the remote past, of Hyantes in Aetolia and the subsequent burning of the land by another people. keywords: aetolia; huxley; hyantes; people; phrynichus cache: grbs-4901.pdf plain text: grbs-4901.txt item: #1166 of 1726 id: grbs-491 author: Auer, Janette title: The Aeschylean Electra date: 2006 words: 9687 flesch: 62 summary: The particular form of Electra’s prayers continues the tentative, almost innocent, approach we have already noted.14 In Tarkow’s comments on the early exchange between Electra and the chorus, we see again a naïve, hesitant Electra in this scene: On this particular occasion it is her friends and trusted advisors com- prising the chorus who must solve the problem of the libations by choosing the words and tone for her to adopt as she turns the offerings against Clytemnestra. Electra suggests that in this context she could just go along, as Chrysothemis recommends as a sensible alternative to what the Sophoclean Electra does. keywords: aeschylean; aeschylus; agamemnon; beginning; character; chorus; clytemnestra; electra; garvie; greek; kommos; lines; mother; orestes; play; prayer; schadewaldt; wilamowitz; words cache: grbs-491.pdf plain text: grbs-491.txt item: #1167 of 1726 id: grbs-4911 author: Halleran, Michael R. title: Lichas’ Lies and Sophoclean Innovation date: 1986 words: 4223 flesch: 66 summary: Then, in response to Deianeira's question about the delay (246f), he describes the events that led to Heracles' sack of Oechalia (248-90): Eurytus' abusive treatment and expulsion of Heracles from his house provoked Heracles' stealthy murder of Eurytus' son Iphi­ tus; after Zeus punished Heracles for this murder by having him sold as a slave to the Lydian queen Omphale, Heracles fulfilled his vow of vengeance and sacked Oechalia, taking from it the band of women who accompany Lichas. T. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Die dramatische Technik des Sophokles (Bertin 1917) 142-45; K. Reinhardt, Sophocles3 , trans. H. Harvey and D. Harvey (Oxford 1979) 43f; A. Beck, Der Empfang loles, Hermes 81 (1953) 10-21; G. Gellie, Sopho­ cles: a Reading (Melbourne 1972) 61. 239 HALLERAN, MICHAEL R., Lichas' Lies and Sophoclean Innovation , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:3 (1986:Autumn) p.239 240 LICHAS' LIES rance are explored throughout the play; 2 the deception of Deianeira plays a role in the larger structure of the drama and is balanced later when she herself dissembles in sending the poisoned robe to Heracles. keywords: deianeira; heracles; iphitus; lichas; lies; murder; sophocles; supra; tale; zeus cache: grbs-4911.pdf plain text: grbs-4911.txt item: #1168 of 1726 id: grbs-4921 author: Chiasson, Charles C. title: The Herodotean Solon date: 1986 words: 6754 flesch: 59 summary: The Herodotean Solon views death from a novel perspective as the last best safeguard against misfortune, especially for those (like Croesus) whose outstanding success appears to make them the primary targets of a jealous heaven. p.249 The Herodotean Solon Charles C. Chiasson I N THE NUMEROUS scholarly discussions generated by Herodotus' account of the meeting of Croesus and Solon (1.29-33) one topic of interest and importance has received surprisingly little atten­ tion: the relationship between Solon's reported speeches to the Lyd­ ian king and the extant fragments of Solon's poetry.l That Herodotus knew at least some of Solon's poetry is beyond doubt, for at 5.113 he alludes to verses (fr.19 West) in which Solon praises the Cypriote king Philocyprus. keywords: autumn; charles; chiasson; croesus; death; greek; herodotean; herodotean solon; herodotus; life; man; p.249; poetry; solon; studies; supra; wealth cache: grbs-4921.pdf plain text: grbs-4921.txt item: #1169 of 1726 id: grbs-4931 author: Westlake, H. D. title: Agesilaus in Diodorus date: 1986 words: 7150 flesch: 54 summary: One instance is almost beyond doubt: the Oxyrhynchus historian and Diodorus present Agesilaus with a marked lack of enthusiasm, and this indifference was almost certainly transmitted from the former to the latter indirectly through Ephorus. WESTLAKE, H. D., Agesilaus in Diodorus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:3 (1986:Autumn) p.263 Agesilaus in Diodorus H D. Westlake T o ANYONE WISHING to study the career of Agesilaus and to assess his achievements and qualities the presentation of him in the fourteenth and fifteenth books of Diodorus has only a minimal value. keywords: agesilaus; autumn; book; diodorus; ephorus; fifteenth; greek; king; sparta; studies; westlake cache: grbs-4931.pdf plain text: grbs-4931.txt item: #1170 of 1726 id: grbs-4941 author: de Blois, Lukas title: The Εἰς Βασιλέα of Ps.-Aelius Aristides date: 1986 words: 4779 flesch: 59 summary: [Greek] of Ps.-Aelius Aristides , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:3 (1986:Autumn) p.279 LUKAS DE BLOIS 287 tion of the monarch's cfJ/AOf an important topic with Dio.25 The absence of Alexander the Great is particularly surprising in a speech that deals at length with problems on the Eastern frontier; possibly the author wished to avoid the comparisons with Alexander found in eulogies of Caracalla and Alexander Severus, who had met with little success in that region.26 There are also major discrepancies with Aelius Aristides' panegyric on Rome, which, as Oliver and Klein have shown,27 must have been delivered in A.D. 143. Such instructions are in fact known to us from Philostratus' Vitae sophistarum, where Heliodo­ rus is instructed by Caracalla to speak extemporaneously on the topic, Having collapsed before Philip, Demosthenes defends himself against a charge of cowardice (VS 626); Aelius Aristides composed five #LE'AE­ 'Tat concerning the situation in Greece after the battle of Leuctra (371 B.C.), in two of which Athens is invited to support Sparta.10 But since the El~ BaULAEa was probably inserted into the corpus of Aristides be­ fore Libanius' time,ll it must have been regarded as something more than a school exercise based on detailed instructions. keywords: aristides; author; basilea; blois; century; dio; eis; el~; emperor; greek; lukas; philip; ps.-aelius; speech; studies cache: grbs-4941.pdf plain text: grbs-4941.txt item: #1171 of 1726 id: grbs-4951 author: Heather, Peter title: The Crossing of the Danube and the Gothic Conversion date: 1986 words: 13676 flesch: 61 summary: A later example of a date with similar Significance in Gothic history would be the rejection of Arianism by the Visigothic king Reccared in 587: this was a single decision that committed the Visigothic leadership to orthodoxy, but followed a long process in which catholic inroads into Gothic Arianism had made it a practical and even necessary course to choose.14 De­ tailed examination of the sources will indicate that in 376, similarly, the leadership of the Tervingi committed itself to changing the prac­ tice of the group and adopted the so-called 'semi-Arian' religion of the Emperor Valens in place of their ancestral paganism. II. But essentially because Ammianus does not mention it, there has been much controversy over the date of a Gothic conversion to Christianity ascribed in other sources to the reign of Valens. keywords: account; ammianus; athanaric; autumn; conversion; crossing; danube; empire; eunapius; events; gothic; goths; greek; heather; p.289; peter; roman; socrates; source; sozomen; studies; tervingi; ulfila; valens; war cache: grbs-4951.pdf plain text: grbs-4951.txt item: #1172 of 1726 id: grbs-4961 author: Banchich, Thomas M. title: Eunapius and Jerome date: 1986 words: 3143 flesch: 63 summary: Yet in the case of the latter, a common source long seemed the most reasonable explanation for similarities between the Chronicle and Eunapius' two known works, the History and Vitae sophistarum: for Jerome's trans­ lation and continuation of Eusebius had certainly appeared before 383-indeed, very probably closer to 381-while both the History and Vitae sophistarum were thought to have been published ca 396.2 319 BANCHICH, THOMAS M., Eunapius and Jerome , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:3 (1986:Autumn) p.319 320 EUNAPIUS AND JEROME the History was in circulation by ca 380 that Jerome's direct depen­ dence on Eunapius has become a possible alternative to a Ions com­ munis, an alternative that suggestive parallels between the Chronicle and History seem to support. keywords: banchich; chronicle; eunapius; historia; history; jerome; sophistarum; thomas; vitae cache: grbs-4961.pdf plain text: grbs-4961.txt item: #1173 of 1726 id: grbs-4971 author: Barnes, T. D. title: When Did Synesius Become Bishop of Ptolemais? date: 1986 words: 2001 flesch: 58 summary: T. D. Barnes S HOR TL Y AFTER his consecration as bishop of Ptolemais, Synesius wrote to the priest Petrus requesting him to publicise the exact date of the approaching Easter (Ep. 13). Moreover, since the date of Easter has been fixed as 19 Pharmouthi (i.e., 14 April), the year must be either 407 or 412.1 It follows that Synesius became bishop of Ptolemais either not long before Easter 407 or not long before Easter 412. keywords: bishop; lacombrade; ptolemais; synesius cache: grbs-4971.pdf plain text: grbs-4971.txt item: #1174 of 1726 id: grbs-4981 author: Barnes, Harry R. title: The Colometric Structure of Homeric Hexameter date: 1986 words: 13649 flesch: 53 summary: Word end is forbidden at 7112. Word end is avoided at 3112 and long final syllable at 4. keywords: caesura; colon; end; greek; harry; hexameter; kirk; line; porter; position; sense; shapes; structure; verse; word cache: grbs-4981.pdf plain text: grbs-4981.txt item: #1175 of 1726 id: grbs-4991 author: Huxley, George title: Aristeas and the Cyzicene date: 1986 words: 2069 flesch: 63 summary: Settlers went first from Cyzicus to 'Old Proconnesus' and thence carried the name to new Proconnesus. After new Proconnesus itself, Halone is the most fertile of the islands off Cyzicus; and there are ancient remains to match the Halone cum oppido of Pliny.7 Accord­ ingly we infer that 'Old Proconnesus' lay in Halone. keywords: aristeas; cyzicene; cyzicus; halone; herodotus; proconnesus cache: grbs-4991.pdf plain text: grbs-4991.txt item: #1176 of 1726 id: grbs-5001 author: Goldhill, Simon title: Rhetoric and Relevance: Interpolation at Euripides Electra 367-400 date: 1986 words: 7540 flesch: 51 summary: He kills Aegisthus at a sacrifice after being graciously accepted as a guest: Aeschylus' depiction of murder as corrupt sacrifice becomes the literal perversion of a re­ ligious occasion.21 Again, Orestes delays revealing himself to Electra as long as possible, quite unlike the immediate reunion of brother and sister in Aeschylus' version;22 his disguise, in Aeschylus a neces­ sity in a hostile palace, becomes for Euripides' hero on a farm a dubious unwillingness to risk himself in an uncertain action. Three times in his later years Euripides occupied himself with the character of Orestes: in Electra, Orestes, and Iphigeneia in Aulis (cf also Andr. 1027ft). keywords: argument; electra; euripides; farmer; goldhill; greek; interpolation; lines; orestes; p.157; reeve; relevance; rhetoric; simon; speech; studies; summer cache: grbs-5001.pdf plain text: grbs-5001.txt item: #1177 of 1726 id: grbs-501 author: Finkelberg, Margalit title: Regional Texts and the Circulation of Books: the Case of Homer date: 2006 words: 7006 flesch: 53 summary: We also saw that, as far as the Greek Old Testament and New Testament texts are concerned, the Constantinople authorities consistently pre- ferred Antioch (or, sometimes, Caesarea, see n.30) over Alex- andria, and that in terms of the regional circulation of books Constantinople and Antioch belonged to the same area. It is true that Aristophanes of Byzan- tium is said to have been imprisoned in Alexandria and thus prevented from accepting the invitation from Pergamum, but we saw that Aratus, for one, moved freely between Pella and Antioch, and the same was probably true of other scholars.35 The secessio doctorum, Ptolemy VIII’s exiling of Aristarchus and his pupils from Alexandria, seems to have especially con- tributed to the spread of Alexandrian scholarship over the Hel- lenistic world.36 In view of this, it is reasonable to suppose that Alexandrian texts of Homer, and especially the one produced by Aristarchus, continued to be consulted in Egypt and else- where during the Roman period as well: this was probably one of the ways by which Alexandrian readings entered the medie- val vulgate.37 keywords: alexandria; antioch; aristarchus; books; circulation; greek; hellenistic; history; homer; library; recension; testament; text cache: grbs-501.pdf plain text: grbs-501.txt item: #1178 of 1726 id: grbs-5011 author: Stanley, Phillip V. title: The Family Connection of Alcibiades and Axiochus date: 1986 words: 3922 flesch: 57 summary: He then identifies the Alcibiades mentioned here as AI­ cibiades II, who was ostracized in 4606 and renounced his proxeny with Sparta in the 460'S.7 Wallace, following the usual sequence of names found on ostraca, restores the second line as the patronymic: 'AAKt/3t& [8E~] / 'AAKt/3t& [00].8 He argues that the Alcibiades men­ tioned on this ostrakon is not Alcibiades II, son of Cleinias I, but another Alcibiades (V), who was a son of Alcibiades II; he suggests the following genealogy for the family of Alcibiades III: Axiochus, like Alcibiades III, would have been the grandson of Alcibiades II, rather than his son, and his father, Alcibiades, should be identified with the Alcibiades (V) whose name was found on the ostracon from the Agora. keywords: alcibiades; axiochus; cleinias; family; iii; son; xenophon cache: grbs-5011.pdf plain text: grbs-5011.txt item: #1179 of 1726 id: grbs-5021 author: Kearsley, R. A. title: Asiarchs, Archiereis, and the Archiereiai of Asia date: 1986 words: 5244 flesch: 61 summary: Further, it has been established that the imperial cult in Asia, although centered on a Roman emperor, remained essentially Greek in character.4 But proponents of honorary archiereiai have not at- 1 The following will be cited by author's name: E. BEURLIER, Essai sur Ie culte rendu aux empereurs romains (Paris 1890); v. CHAPOT, La province romaine proconsulaire d'Asie (Paris 1904); J. DEININGER, Die Provinziallandtage der romischen Kaiserzeit (Munich 1965); D. MAGIE, Roman Rule in Asia Minor (Princeton 1950); S. R. PRICE, Rituals and Power (Cambridge 1984); M. ROSSNER, Asiarchen und Archiereis Asi­ as, StudClas 16 (1974) 101-42; J. M. I. WEST, Asiarchs (B.Litt. It has not yet been resolved whether the high priesthood of the imperial cult of Asia took the form of a hierarchy with a sole high priest for the entire province assisted by deputies in the various cities where there were temples of the provincial cult (Cha­ pot 470), simply a sole high priest of the province (Magie 1297f), or a board of several KEARSLEY, R. A., Asiarchs, Archiereis, and the Archiereiai of Asia , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:2 (1986:Summer) p.183 186 ASIARCHS, ARCHIEREIS, AND ARCHIEREIAI I propose to re-examine here a group of inscriptions with two pur­ poses in mind: first, to establish whether the archiereiai of Asia con­ stituted an exception to the normal Greek practice and were indeed dependent on a male consort for their title; 15 and second, to apply the answer to the problem of the relationship of the asiarch to the arch­ iereus of Asia. keywords: archiereiai; archiereus; asia; asiarch; cult; greek; husband; i.ephesos; iii; inscription; title; wife cache: grbs-5021.pdf plain text: grbs-5021.txt item: #1180 of 1726 id: grbs-5031 author: Drake, H. A. title: Athanasius’ First Exile date: 1986 words: 5777 flesch: 63 summary: Here Constantine describes how a scarcely recognizable Athanasius accosted him as he rode into the city on horseback: Victor Constantine Greatest Augustus to the Bishops gathered in Tyre: I do not know what has been decided amid the tumult and fury of your synod, but it seems somehow that the truth has been distorted by a certain turbulent disorder, clearly through that squabbling (ipEUXEAiaV) with your neighbors which you want to prevail, not taking into account what is pleasing to God. ca Nov. 5: Arrival of bishops from Tyre Nov. 6: Interview with Constantine; Athanasius ordered into exile (Festal Index) Nov. 7: Athanasius sails for Gaul (Festal Index) keywords: athanasius; bishops; constantine; council; drake; exile; index; letter; supra; tyre cache: grbs-5031.pdf plain text: grbs-5031.txt item: #1181 of 1726 id: grbs-5041 author: Cunningham, Ian C. title: Harpocration and the Συναγωγή date: 1986 words: 6803 flesch: 80 summary: It is not to be sup­ posed that the original ancient works were utilised, but rather as with Harpocration epitomes, extracts, and compilations, and these prob­ ably gathered in only a few manuscripts.12 Each of our three sources for this erweiterte L (as Wentzel called it)-B,13 the Suda 14 and Photius15 - has a different selection of these additions: the principal groupings are B Suda Phot., Suda Phot., and B Phot. Alpers, BZ 64 (971) 80, argued that Erbse does not prove the the existence of 1:'; this may be so for the Atticistic glosses, with which Erbse is concerned, but cannot be maintained in general; what is needed is an explanation of the numerous glosses that appear in B Suda Phot., but not in A (C). keywords: bach; bekk; cunningham; glosses; greek; harp; harpocration; ian; kat; phot; place; studies; suda; suda phot; summer; supra; synagoge; tov cache: grbs-5041.pdf plain text: grbs-5041.txt item: #1182 of 1726 id: grbs-5051 author: Eastwood, Bruce; Martin Jr, Hubert title: Michael Italicus and Heliocentricism date: 1986 words: 3725 flesch: 61 summary: Cf Wirth 364 and n.4. 223 EASTWOOD, BRUCE, Michael Italicus and Heliocentrism , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:2 (1986:Summer) p.223 224 MICHAEL ITALIC US AND HELIOCENTRISM heliocentrism in Plato, nor can we say that Italicus was a thorough­ going follower of Plato or any single philosophical system; it was his own view, in fact, that philosophy was inferior to rhetoric. EASTWOOD, BRUCE, Michael Italicus and Heliocentrism , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:2 (1986:Summer) p.223 228 MICHAEL IT ALICUS AND HELIOCENTRISM In setting forth the simile Italicus begins by referring to the view of certain learned men that the sun is central among the planets. keywords: bruce; byzantine; eastwood; greek; heliocentrism; italicus; manuel; michael; planets; sun; wirth cache: grbs-5051.pdf plain text: grbs-5051.txt item: #1183 of 1726 id: grbs-5061 author: Griffith, R. Drew title: The Mind Is Its Own Place: Pindar, Olympian 1.57f date: 1986 words: 4656 flesch: 67 summary: Pindar, Olympian 1.57f R. Drew Griffith I N PINDAR Olympian 1.57f Zeus punishes Tantalus by hanging over his head a stone that is harsh for him (Kap'TEpOV ath~ Al8ov). Although Comparetti is not, in fact, concerned to establish the location of Tantalus' punish­ ment, he resists the assumption that it takes place in Hades (238-41), noting that the Nostoi (fr.l0 Allen) places it im himmel beim tische der gotter (242), and concludes 5 DREW GRIFFITH, R., The Mind Is Its Own Place: Pindar, Olympian 1.57f , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:1 (1986:Spring) p.5 6 PINDAR, OLYMPIAN 1.57f view soon won widespread acceptance.s Wilamowitz, comparing the story of Tantalus to that of Ixion in Pyth. keywords: 1.57f; drew; esp; greek; griffith; hades; ixion; mind; olympian; pindar; place; punishment; pyth; tantalus cache: grbs-5061.pdf plain text: grbs-5061.txt item: #1184 of 1726 id: grbs-5071 author: Brock, R. W. title: The Double Plot in Aristophanes’ Knights date: 1986 words: 6591 flesch: 62 summary: Throughout the opening scenes of the play Aristophanes stresses the low status from which the sausage-seller will rise to greatness (I 58f, 179ft) and which provides him with the essentials of his new 4 That the two slaves are politicians follows from 40ff, since they stand in the same relation to Demos as Cleon/Paphlagon, but the point is made with greater force if they are taken as leading contemporary politicians; otherwise the stress tends to fall on the villainous Paphlagonian (and on Agoracritus, who is a free man, not a slave). BROCK, R. W., The Double Plot in Aristophanes' Knights , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:1 (1986:Spring) p.15 The Double Plot in Aristophanes' Knights R. W. Brock UNTIL RECENTLY scholars have tended-while welcoming Aris­ tophanes' Knights as evidence for the poet's hostility to Cleon­ to regard the dramatic structure of the play as unsatisfactory, and have criticised the ending in particular as tacked on arbitrarily.l Landfester's Die Ritter des Aristophanes represented a major advance, by tracing a coherent development throughout based on the thematic unity of the attempts of the sausage-seller, saviour of the demos, to oust the Paphlagonian, and on the need for Demos to recover his sovereignty and self-sufficiency.2 Even Landfester, however, was forced to concede the existence of what he termed paradox in the play, particularly in the placing of hope of salvation for the knights in this ne plus ultra of VUlgarity (44).3 I propose to re-examine these elements of inconsistency and to argue that they arise not from the postponed resolution of a single dilemma and the dissimulation of an irgendwie gottliches Wesen (Landfester 93), but from the opera- 1 M. LANDFESTER, Die Ritter des Aristophanes (Amsterdam 1967 [hereafter 'Land­ fester']) 10£, gives a summary of previous opinion; on the question of the ending see 83-89. keywords: aristophanes; brock; demos; greek; knights; landfester; p.15; paphlagonian; play; plot; sausage; seller; spring; studies cache: grbs-5071.pdf plain text: grbs-5071.txt item: #1185 of 1726 id: grbs-5081 author: Unz, Ron K. title: The Chronology of the Elean War date: 1986 words: 7009 flesch: 59 summary: UNZ, RON K., The Chronology of the Elean War , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:1 (1986:Spring) p.29 38 THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE ELEAN WAR Since Dercyllidas arrived in Asia during summer 399 and campaigned there until ca summer 397,19 the synchronism narrows the possibili­ ties considerably: the three-year Elean War probably began in sum­ mer 401, 400, 399, or 398. However, this passage of Diodorus concerns years covered by the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia; the precise details that Diodorus includes­ the names of captured towns, troop strengths, the positions of oppos­ ing forces, the number of casualties, as well as the unrhetorical, even­ handed tone-leave little doubt that the Oxyrhynchus historian is his ultimate source.7 We are thus left with the problem of two good sources that pro­ vide detailed but totally different accounts of a single war. keywords: agis; campaign; chronology; diodorus; elean; elis; invasion; pausanias; spartan; summer; war; xenophon cache: grbs-5081.pdf plain text: grbs-5081.txt item: #1186 of 1726 id: grbs-5091 author: Lowenstam, Steven title: Aristophanes’ Hiccups date: 1986 words: 6561 flesch: 53 summary: The revised order of speeches no longer separates Socrates from his predecessors but provides a smooth transition. As a result of the transposition of speeches, the two poets, Aris­ tophanes and Agathon, speak directly before Socrates, and it is these three who will continue to talk until dawn.24 keywords: agathon; aristophanes; beauty; eros; eryximachus; greek; hiccups; lowenstam; order; plato; socrates; speeches; steven cache: grbs-5091.pdf plain text: grbs-5091.txt item: #1187 of 1726 id: grbs-51 author: MacCoull, L. S. B. title: Phaëthon in Dioscorus of Aphrodito date: 2004 words: 5092 flesch: 57 summary: Just a little later another official is called “new Phaëthon” by our poet, and with the same verb:15 “Just now, new Phaëthon, you have come with a leap to save us” (poem 15.1).16 Here the addressee is the comes Dorotheos, punningly praised as a real and much-needed “gift of God” (4). Fournet also remarks on the frequency of Phaëthon references in Dioscorus’ works, and adduces contem- porary poetic parallels such as the sixth-century Anacreontists John of Gaza and George the Grammarian.8 keywords: byzantine; dioscore; dioscorus; figure; fournet; line; maccoull; new; phaëthon; poem; supra cache: grbs-51.pdf plain text: grbs-51.txt item: #1188 of 1726 id: grbs-5101 author: Humphreys, S. C. title: Kinship Patterns in the Athenian Courts date: 1986 words: 15734 flesch: 60 summary: we are told that when the speaker's mother was betrothed by her brother to his father, both the groom's paternal uncles (FB) were present, together with other witnesses. Although texts of witness testimonies are preserved in only a few speeches, the identity of witnesses and the contents of their testimony can often be securely deduced from summaries in the body of the speech. keywords: athenian; brother; case; courts; dem; father; greek; humphreys; husband; isae; kinship; kinship patterns; mother; p.57; patterns; s. c.; son; speaker; spring; studies; witnesses cache: grbs-5101.pdf plain text: grbs-5101.txt item: #1189 of 1726 id: grbs-511 author: MacCoull, L. S. B. title: Menas and Thomas: Notes on the Dialogus de scientia politica date: 2006 words: 4737 flesch: 65 summary: L. S. B. MACCOULL 303 along to like-minded colleagues.15 Not just a “mirror of princes for Justinian” like Agapetos’ Ekthesis,16 the dialogue would have furnished discussion material for reading circles of students from whom future imperial officials would be recruited.17 1. L. S. B. MACCOULL 305 Although Thaumasios protests that “that was then, this is now” (38), Menodoros claims that infantry are superior fÊsei ka‹ lÒgƒ (46) since the foot-soldier directs himself rather than being directed by another (nature) and is motivated by the desire for honor (reason). keywords: author; century; dialogue; esp; justinian; maas; menas; menodoros; o’meara; platonopolis; procopius cache: grbs-511.pdf plain text: grbs-511.txt item: #1190 of 1726 id: grbs-5111 author: Barnes, T. D. title: Synesius in Constantinople date: 1986 words: 9494 flesch: 57 summary: BARNES, T. D., Synesius in Constantinople , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 27:1 (1986:Spring) p.93 Synesius in Constantinople T. D. Barnes S YNESIUS OF CYRENE, after returning home from his study of philosophy in Alexandria, went to Constantinople to present the emperor with a golden crown and to request a diminution of the taxes levied upon his city or province. The latter work and certain letters reveal that Synesius attached himself to the politi­ cian Aurelianus, who ensured that, as a reward for praising his pa­ tron, Synesius obtained the desired tax relief for Cyrene, as well as personal privileges for himself. keywords: arcadius; aurelianus; barnes; caesarius; constantinople; cyrene; emperor; greek; office; osiris; prefect; prefecture; seeck; spring; studies; supra; synesius; t. d.; typhos cache: grbs-5111.pdf plain text: grbs-5111.txt item: #1191 of 1726 id: grbs-5121 author: Dyck, Andrew R. title: Iliad and Alexiad: Anna Comnena’s Homeric Reminiscences date: 1986 words: 3642 flesch: 67 summary: Less surprisingly, in Homeric fashion Anna compares her husband's grandfather (and her father's enemy) Even Styliane, the daughter of Michael Psellus (who retails this anecdote), had to begin her literary studies not with Homer, as a boy would, but with the Psalms.l Far different the case of Anna Comnena, whose Homeric learning is on display throughout her Alexiad. keywords: alexiad; alexius; andrew; anna; comnena; dyck; homeric; iliad; reminiscences cache: grbs-5121.pdf plain text: grbs-5121.txt item: #1192 of 1726 id: grbs-5131 author: Most, Glen W. title: Pindar, Nemean 7.64-67 date: 1985 words: 9186 flesch: 69 summary: Pindar: Die isthmischen Gedichte I (Heidelberg 1968) 97 n.82; and O. Werner, ed., He has been fol­ lowed, for example, by LSJ (s. v. WEP, 1.1) Bossler (supra n.3), and H. Lloyd-Jones, Modern Interpretation of Pindar: The Second Pythian and Seventh Nemean Odes, JHS 93 (1973) 109-37, esp. 135 and n.129, but is surely mistaken (cf W. G. Cookes­ ley, ed., Pindari Carmina keywords: 1tpo; esp; glenn; greek; ionian; kat; meaning; nemean; p.315; passage; pindar; pyth; reference; sea; second; studies; supra; winter; words cache: grbs-5131.pdf plain text: grbs-5131.txt item: #1193 of 1726 id: grbs-5141 author: Slater, Niall W. title: Vanished Players: Two Classical Reliefs and Theatre History date: 1985 words: 6112 flesch: 63 summary: Either explanation implies a much greater degree of cooperation between, and organization among, actors in the late fifth century in Athens than is attested in the literary sources; 29 but theatre is becoming a profession now: where before poets played in their own works or had favorite actors who habitually performed their plays, we now find independent actors making a living at acting and taking pride in their profession.30 both Karouzou and Mitropoulou date this relief to the late fifth century, the exaggerated facial expressions of both comic and tragic masks suggest rather a fourth-century date prior to 360, on the evidence of omicron for omicron upsilon in the fragmentary inscrip­ tion. These are all tragic actors, not daimones. keywords: actors; century; dionysus; figure; greek; history; mask; niall; players; relief; slater; theatre cache: grbs-5141.pdf plain text: grbs-5141.txt item: #1194 of 1726 id: grbs-5151 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Athenian Nomothesia date: 1985 words: 13418 flesch: 65 summary: But Demosthenes does mention this prior notice in his comments on the Repeal Law (EKn8lat, KEAEVEt T01) 1TPOEc. In the Leptines speech Demosthenes paraphrased the Repeal Law and had it read out to the jurors. keywords: athenian; bill; demosthenes; ekklesia; graphe; hansen; herman; inspection law; jurors; law; laws; legislation law; leptines; mogens; nomothesia; nomothetai; repeal law; review law; rhodes; studies; supra cache: grbs-5151.pdf plain text: grbs-5151.txt item: #1195 of 1726 id: grbs-5161 author: Vander Waerdt, Paul A. title: Peripatetic Soul-Division, Posidonius, and Middle Platonic Moral Psychology date: 1985 words: 12095 flesch: 52 summary: Such an exposition of tripartition of itself would make Posidonius a likely source of Middle Platonic doctrine on soul-divi­ sion, but there is further evidence that establishes his role in the transmission of the vetus descriptio. [proclivitas]) .59 This body of Posidonian doctrine may have been known to Middle Platonic authors through intermediate handbooks rather than in the original, but whatever the stages of transmission, Posidonius' theory of 1Ta(Jo~ became an integral part of Middle Platonic doctrine. keywords: aristotelian; cicero; division; doctrine; doxography; galen; greek; influence; interpretation; kat; middle; p. a.; plato; posidonius; psychology; pythagoras; soul; source; studies; supra; tradition; tripartition; vander; waerdt; winter cache: grbs-5161.pdf plain text: grbs-5161.txt item: #1196 of 1726 id: grbs-5171 author: Snee, Rochelle title: Valens’ Recall of the Nicene Exiles and Anti-Arian Propaganda date: 1985 words: 12469 flesch: 68 summary: His aim was a restoration of the eastern church on the course set by Constantius II (337-361).105 On 5 May 365 he issued an edict exiling bishops recalled by Julian (361-363), i.e., those who had opposed Constantius and the Homoian party.106 It was the Homoian party-moderate Arians who professed the Creed of Rimini (359)-that Valens hoped to reestablish in an effort to promote church unity. [GCS 47.249]): Valens de Antiochia exire conpulsus sera paeni­ tentia nostros de exiliis revocat.3 The Ecclesiastical History of Jerome's contemporary Rufinus also mentions (11.13) a recall of Nicene exiles by Valens. keywords: a.d; antioch; arian; bishop; century; church; date; death; exiles; gratian; greek; isaac; jerome; nicene; p.395; propaganda; recall; return; rochelle; rufinus; snee; soc; soz; sozomen; studies; supra; theod; tillemont; valens; winter cache: grbs-5171.pdf plain text: grbs-5171.txt item: #1197 of 1726 id: grbs-5181 author: Edwards, Anthony T. title: Achilles in the Underworld: Iliad, Odyssey, and Aethiopis date: 1985 words: 6970 flesch: 63 summary: EDWARDS, ANTHONY T., Achilles in the Underworld: Iliad, Odyssey, and Aethiopis , EDWARDS, ANTHONY T., Achilles in the Underworld: Iliad, Odyssey, and Aethiopis , keywords: achilles; aethiopis; anthony; death; edwards; greek; iliad; immortality; odyssey; studies; supra; tradition; translation; underworld; view cache: grbs-5181.pdf plain text: grbs-5181.txt item: #1198 of 1726 id: grbs-5191 author: Evans, J. A. S. title: “Candaules, whom the Greeks name Myrsilus ...” date: 1985 words: 2089 flesch: 67 summary: Xanthus. EVANS, J. A. S., Candaules whom the Greeks name Myrsilus... , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:3 (1985:Autumn) p.229 1. A. S. EVANS 231 There was also a Lydian god named Candaules, who was equated with Hermes:15 Hipponax16 calls the latter KVva'YX'YI~ (dog-throttler)­ appropriately in this context, for Candaules is made up of two Indo­ European roots meaning 'dog' and 'to strangle' P and he seems to have received sacrificial meals of dog meat.l8 'Candaules' may have been a sacral name for the king.19 The reason why Herodotus pre­ ferred it, we may suspect, was that it sounded authentically Lydian, whereas 'Myrsilus' did not. 8 W. W. How and J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus I (Oxford 1928) 21, suggest that Herodotus used Aeschylus for scenes of the Persian court, but the dissimilarities seem to outweigh the parallels. keywords: candaules; greek; gyges; herodotus; myrsilus; story cache: grbs-5191.pdf plain text: grbs-5191.txt item: #1199 of 1726 id: grbs-5201 author: Hamilton, Richard title: The Well-Equipped Traveler: Birds 42 date: 1985 words: 2507 flesch: 70 summary: It is probably no accident that the equipment with which our trav­ ellers set out is gradually replaced by local bird equipment obtained 14 Cited from Edmonds, FAC. Blech (supra n.5) 319 n.8, lists the Athenian officials (e.g. archons, generals, thesmo­ thetes) who wore myrtle crowns. keywords: birds; equipment; hamilton; kavovv; myrtle; pisthetaerus; richard; sacrifice; traveller cache: grbs-5201.pdf plain text: grbs-5201.txt item: #1200 of 1726 id: grbs-521 author: Slater, William J.; Summa, Daniela title: Crowns at Magnesia date: 2006 words: 9745 flesch: 62 summary: 225 B.C. for having won all the stephanitic contests of the Lindians was not likely to be considered by other cities to be in the same league as an Olympic victor (I.Lindos 123). WILLIAM J. SLATER AND DANIELA SUMMA 281 Thespiae,21 and Robert in fact said as much in discussing the Soteria of Delphi upgraded earlier in the same century.22 Any city can claim to have a sacred or crowned festival; other cities are only affected if they appoint theoroi to that festival or for- mally decree its acceptance in some form. keywords: cash; cities; city; crown; ebert; festival; games; hellenistic; home; ka‹; kern; magnesians; oracle; rigsby; robert; slater; status; stephanitic; summa; term; victors cache: grbs-521.pdf plain text: grbs-521.txt item: #1201 of 1726 id: grbs-5211 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Two Notes on the Pnyx date: 1985 words: 4654 flesch: 69 summary: This is, a priori, most un­ likely for Pnyx I, with which Siewert associates the horoi. 1 shows Pnyx III, which, following Thompson,5 I take to have been constructed in the 340's. keywords: agora; auditorium; citizens; ecclesia; gerra; hansen; herman; mogens; notes; pnyx; siewert cache: grbs-5211.pdf plain text: grbs-5211.txt item: #1202 of 1726 id: grbs-5221 author: Burke, Edmund M. title: Lycurgan Finances date: 1985 words: 7415 flesch: 63 summary: The objections raised against this number by S. K. Eddy, Athens' Peacetime Navy in BURKE, EDMUND M., Lycurgan Finances , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:3 (1985:Autumn) p.251 258 L YCURGAN FINANCES naval inventories for 330129, 326/5, and 325/4 show that at the time these inventories were recorded the city actually had at sea between forty and sixty ships.40 A review of Lycurgan revenues will suggest in fact that naval activity of at least such size was regularly the practice in the period of accommodation between Chaeronea and the Hellenic War; and if this suggestion is correct, then we will have done much to explain the unaccounted portion of Lycurgan expenditures. The thesis offered here-that commercial revenues constituted a large, though indeterminate, portion of Lycurgan revenues-is generally consistent, I believe, with BURKE, EDMUND M., Lycurgan Finances , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:3 (1985:Autumn) p.251 EDMUND M. BURKE 261 commercial revenues had been extensive and had met with a meas­ ure of success. keywords: athenian; athens; burke; century; edmund; expenditures; finances; greek; lycurgan; program; revenues; state; studies; supra; war cache: grbs-5221.pdf plain text: grbs-5221.txt item: #1203 of 1726 id: grbs-5231 author: Eckstein, A. M. title: Polybius, Syracuse, and the Politics of Accommodation date: 1985 words: 9276 flesch: 53 summary: ECKSTEIN, A. M., Polybius, Syracuse, and the Politics of Accommodation , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:3 (1985:Autumn) p.265 Polybius, Syracuse, and the Politics of Accommodation A. M Eckstein P OLYBIUS' INTENDED audience was made up of political men; his avowed purpose was to prepare such men for political action in the real world; his theme was the expansion of Roman power. Against the idea that Polybius ever fully accepted Roman power, either emotionally or intellectually, see Musti (supra n.2) 46-48, 145-47; B. Shimron, Polybius on Rome: A Re-examination of the Evidence, SCI 5 (1979/80) 94ft' (responding to Last Ten Books); also A. Momigliano, Poli­ bio, Posidonio e l'imperialismo romano, AttiTor 107 (1973) 198. keywords: accommodation; achaean; autumn; eckstein; greek; hiero; hieronymus; politics; polybius; power; roman; rome; supra; syracuse; war cache: grbs-5231.pdf plain text: grbs-5231.txt item: #1204 of 1726 id: grbs-5241 author: Vander Waerdt, Paul A. title: The Peripatetic Interpretation of Plato’s Tripartite Psychology date: 1985 words: 11492 flesch: 55 summary: WAERT, VANDER P. A., The Peripatetic Interpretation of Plato's Tripartite Psychology , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:3 (1985:Autumn) p.283 The Peripatetic Interpretation of Plato's Tripartite Psychology P. A. Vander Waerdt T HE PERIPATETIC author of the Magna Maralia begins his ac­ count of moral virtue with a doxography in which he criticizes Pythagoras for referring virtue to number, and Socrates for identifying the virtues with E1nUTfjl-Wt and ignoring the alogical part of the soul, thus doing away with 7Ta8o~ and ~8o~ (l182alO-30).1 He then attributes to Plato bipartition of the soul, of which he approves (l182a26), and proceeds to criticize him for confusing investigation of moral virtue with that of the good. A number of bipartite divisions, drawing upon Plato's tripartition and differing from one another in significant ways, date from this period: the anonymous version of bipartition preserved in the Topics (298f infra); that of Xenocrates (n.5 infra); that advanced in such E~WTEPLKOL A.O')'OL as the Protrepticus and De justitia; and later, that of Aristotle's writings on 1ToA.LTLKJ}, which explicitly draw upon these E~WTEPLKOi A.O')'OL (Eth. keywords: aristotelian; aristotle; arius; author; bipartite; division; doctrine; greek; interpretation; kat; magna; moralia; p. a.; parts; plato; psychology; soul; supra; terms; tripartition; vander cache: grbs-5241.pdf plain text: grbs-5241.txt item: #1205 of 1726 id: grbs-5251 author: Conley, Thomas title: Blemmydes’ Debt to Euthymios Zigabenos date: 1985 words: 3054 flesch: 67 summary: The differences in Blemmydes ad 13.3 and 13.7 (13820-83A) are the results of inconsistent punctuation, and the difference in arrangement between Zigabenos 2930 and Blemmydes 1429B-c (ad 22.5) is probably due to a scribe's inability to divide paragraphs properly. So, too, with Blemmydes on, e.g., Pss. 45 (1464A-D) and 55 (1476A- 77 A; Blemmydes seems to be working with a different text ad v.12, and adjusts Zigabenos' comment accordingly), Ps. 83 (15348-39c, except ad v.44) , and on the first ten verses or so of Ps. 138 (16058- CONLEY, THOMAS, Blemmydes' Debt to Euthymios Zigabenos , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:3 (1985:Autumn) p.303 THOMAS CONLEY 305 08A). keywords: bell; blemmydes; commentary; debt; influence; zigabenos cache: grbs-5251.pdf plain text: grbs-5251.txt item: #1206 of 1726 id: grbs-5261 author: Carawan, Edwin M. title: Apophasis and Eisangelia: The Rôle of the Areopagus in Athenian Political Trials date: 1985 words: 13229 flesch: 57 summary: The Areopagus continued to exercise right of initiative in some areas of jurisdiction, not relying upon citizen-prosecutors, into the fourth century; c/ Kahrstedt (supra n.l) 211f. CARAWAN, EDWIN M., Apophasis and Eisangelia: The Rôle of the Areopagus in Athenian Political Trials , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:2 (1985:Summer) p.115 118 APOPHASIS AND EISANGELIA as in eisangeliai to the archons, the plaintiff made denunciation and the magistrates carried out the investigation and gave final verdict.7 Eisangelia to the Areopagus was the only appeal from an archon's unjust verdict, and in these impeachments the Areopagites held sole authority.s In the fourth century this procedure was evidently inter­ preted as a precedent for apophasis, in which the Areopagus acted as a commission of inquiry for the ecc/esia and the courts of the people. Finally, the verdict of the Areopagus was essentially different from the rul­ ings of other archons in anakriseis in other procedures. keywords: apophasis; areopagites; areopagus; athenian; carawan; case; century; charges; decree; demosthenes; din; edwin; edwin m.; eisangelia; greek; hansen; investigation; kat; p.115; procedure; rôle; speaker; studies; summer; supra; trials cache: grbs-5261.pdf plain text: grbs-5261.txt item: #1207 of 1726 id: grbs-5271 author: Murray, William M. title: The Weight of Trireme Rams and the Price of Bronze in Fourth-Century Athens date: 1985 words: 4961 flesch: 68 summary: Belated credit was duly given these trierarchs in the list of 323/2 (1631.194-99), and the correction was made as well in a reinscription of the total number of rams sold off as scrap (1631.333).23 In conclusion, I suggest that the evidence from the extraordinary sale of rams in 325/4 is sufficiently ambiguous to be used in support of the contention that Athenian trireme rams weighed a great deal more than 44.5 kg. During this year, the curators were empowered by the Council to sell some decommissioned equipment, including a number of rams. keywords: bronze; century; curators; list; price; rams; ships; talent; trireme; weight cache: grbs-5271.pdf plain text: grbs-5271.txt item: #1208 of 1726 id: grbs-5281 author: Jordan, D. R. title: A Survey of Greek Defixiones Not Included in the Special Corpora date: 1985 words: 23559 flesch: 86 summary: Max. pr. H. 0.067, W. 0.05. Max. pr. H. ca 0.06, max. keywords: athens; bibl; corpora; curse; d. r.; date; defixiones; drawing; fig; forms; greek; inscr; inv; iva; jeffery; jordan; kat; kerameikos; lead; letter; lines; list; loc; max; men; miller; museum; nail; names; national; nom; p.151; phot; prov; roman; seg; stoa; studies; summer; supra; survey; tablet; text; ziebarth cache: grbs-5281.pdf plain text: grbs-5281.txt item: #1209 of 1726 id: grbs-5291 author: Toher, Mark title: The Date of Nicolaus’ Βίος Καίσαρος date: 1985 words: 4278 flesch: 59 summary: Reynolds' rejection of the title AVYOVUTO<; as significant for dating the document is convincing, but her own date in the triumviral period (ea 38 B.C., on the occasion of 8 E. Gabba, Augustus and the Historians, in Caesar Augustus: Seven Aspects, edd. The poets not only credited to Augustus deeds that were not his personally, they also claimed for him the conquest of whole regions that were never attacked by Roman armies-e.g. the celebrations of the triple triumph of 29 B.c.,in which the conquest of the Parthian kingdom was claimed: cf Verg. keywords: augustus; autobiography; b.c; bios; date; greek; jacoby; mark; nicolaus; supra; toher cache: grbs-5291.pdf plain text: grbs-5291.txt item: #1210 of 1726 id: grbs-5301 author: Markopoulos, A. title: Kedrenos, Pseudo-Symeon, and the Last Oracle at Delphi date: 1985 words: 1619 flesch: 62 summary: 8 Gregory 355 n.4, 357. 207 MARKOPOULOS, A., Kedrenos, Pseudo-Symeon, and the Last Oracle of Delphi , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:2 (1985:Summer) p.207 208 KEDRENOS, PSEUDO-SYMEON, AND DELPHI to the chronographic 'cycle' of Symeon Logothete.9 Pseudo-Symeon, which is transmitted by a single manuscript, Paris. MARKOPOULOS, A., Kedrenos, Pseudo-Symeon, and the Last Oracle of Delphi , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:2 (1985:Summer) p.207 A. MARKO POULOS 209 what was the specific source Pseudo-Symeon was using, alongside Theophanes, to cover the period between 284 and 813? keywords: kedrenos; markopoulos; oracle; pseudo; supra; symeon cache: grbs-5301.pdf plain text: grbs-5301.txt item: #1211 of 1726 id: grbs-531 author: Wortley, John title: How the Desert Fathers “Meditated” date: 2006 words: 5755 flesch: 72 summary: Isaiah of Scetê advises monks: “When you are residing in your cell, pay con- tinual attention to these three things: to working with your hands, to meletê, and to prayer. It should also be noted in this context that monks did not have a monopoly of such feats of memory. keywords: abba; desert; fathers; heart; john; ka‹; meletê; monks; nau; psalms; singing; sys cache: grbs-531.pdf plain text: grbs-531.txt item: #1212 of 1726 id: grbs-5311 author: van der Valk, M. title: On the God Cronus date: 1985 words: 3549 flesch: 69 summary: On the other hand, he is called Kpovov 1Tai~ aYKVAo/J:rITEw no less than seven times.1 That Zeus was Cronus' son was of course a fact not to be denied; but given the ill fame of Cronus, why does the poet put forward this identification of Zeus so often?2 We might rather have expected him to pass over the matter in silence. Elsewhere, Greek tradition preserves distinctly favourable aspects of Cronus. keywords: cronus; der; god; greek; hesiod; lines; van; zeus cache: grbs-5311.pdf plain text: grbs-5311.txt item: #1213 of 1726 id: grbs-5321 author: Krentz, Peter title: Casualties in Hoplite Battles date: 1985 words: 3674 flesch: 73 summary: Yet Diodorus has not less than 4,000, an incredible figure, as compari­ son with casualty rates for other battles shows. Oswyn Murray finds the battle of Plataea illustra­ tive of hoplite battles in general: It is typical of the nature of hoplite warfare that in this greatest of hoplite battles the Greeks lost only 159 men. keywords: battles; casualties; greek; hoplite; losses; thuc; thucydides cache: grbs-5321.pdf plain text: grbs-5321.txt item: #1214 of 1726 id: grbs-5331 author: Unz, Ron K. title: The Surplus of the Athenian Phoros date: 1985 words: 12263 flesch: 62 summary: More serious difficulty has been seen in the poor correlation be­ tween irregular tribute payments and the presence of large Athenian military forces in the vicinity.48 For example, during the years that saw large Athenian fleets besieging Samos and Byzantium (440/39?) and Potidaea (432-429), irregularities in tribute quota payments from neighboring cities {including partial payment and actual default} are no more severe than those for the same cities in more normal years. Only Diodorus dissents from' this harmony of sources, putting Athenian tribute revenue at 560T in 47817 and 460T in 431/0 (Diod. 11.47.1, 12.40.2); but these figures contradict simple logic and evidence that tribute actually increased during this period. keywords: athenian; athens; cities; figure; greek; league; phoros; quota; ron; ships; supra; surplus; surplus tribute; thucydides; total; tribute; unz; years cache: grbs-5331.pdf plain text: grbs-5331.txt item: #1215 of 1726 id: grbs-5341 author: Greenwalt, William title: The Introduction of Caranus into the Argead King List date: 1985 words: 3308 flesch: 51 summary: According to Hammond's ac­ count of the order of succession through the 390's (reflecting the order of Diodorus with one addition), the king list for this decade reads: Orestes (399-398), Aeropus (398-394), Amyntas II (394/3), Pausanias (394/3), and Amyntas III (393-369)-whose reign restored longevity, if not stability, to the Macedonian throne.14 We should note at once that neither Amyntas II nor Amyntas III was a direct descendant of Archelaus or his father, Perdiccas II. All the contending factions were Argeads whose blood was believed to run blue down through Alexander I, but both Amyntas II and Amyntas III might have found it expedient to diminish the importance of the accession of Perdiccas II over their own respective ancestors, Mene­ laus and Amyntas (Perdiccas' brothers) . keywords: alexander; amyntas; caranus; king; list; perdiccas cache: grbs-5341.pdf plain text: grbs-5341.txt item: #1216 of 1726 id: grbs-5351 author: Thompson, Wesley E. title: Chabrias at Corinth date: 1985 words: 3336 flesch: 68 summary: THOMPSON, WESLEY E., Chabrias at Corinth , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:1 (1985:Spring) p.51 Chabrias at Corinth Wesley E. Thompson SOMETIME AFTER DESTROYING the Spartan mora Iphicrates was re­ placed as leader of the mercenary corps in Corinth by Chabrias.1 On the basis of the scholia to Aelius Aristides, Kirchner has written that Chabrias then led his army to victory at Phlius and Man­ tinea,2 but Parke, regarding the scholia as a doubtful source, says that we find no positive references to successes on Chabrias' part, unless the garbled references of the Scholiast ... can be trusted. Surely the trophy marks the killing of the Phliasians who came out to oppose the invader; but A C attributes the victory first to Iphicrates, then to Chabrias. keywords: aristides; chabrias; corinth; iphicrates; kat; scholiast; xenophon cache: grbs-5351.pdf plain text: grbs-5351.txt item: #1217 of 1726 id: grbs-5361 author: Knox, Peter E. title: The Epilogue to the Aetia date: 1985 words: 3248 flesch: 65 summary: Given the nature of book produc­ tion before the adoption of the codex form, a collected edition could 1 For the evidence for Apollonius' borrowing see Rudolph Pfeiffer, Callimachus II (Oxford 1953) xli-xlii. This date may hold for the Prologue as well, where Callimachus refers to himself as an old man. keywords: aetia; arsinoe; book; callimachus; edition; epilogue; new; peter; pfeiffer cache: grbs-5361.pdf plain text: grbs-5361.txt item: #1218 of 1726 id: grbs-5371 author: Stewart, Randall title: The Oracular εἰ date: 1985 words: 3227 flesch: 66 summary: Ei apErT, T, PT/TOPUOJ; (86), Ei AOYOV EXEL Ttl ~4Ja; (135), Ei 1Tam CTVv­ T/YOPT/TEOV; (156), Ei 8Wa-EL YVW/-LT/v 0 1TOALTTj<; 1TPOELBW<; on ov 1TOVT,UEL, OV 1TELUEL; (64), 1TEpt TOll YVWfJL uaVTOV Kat Ei afJavaTO<; T, t/lvXT,; (177), 1TEpt apETTj<; Ei 8LOOKTOV T, apErT,; (180), Ei a1TpaKTo<; 0 7TEpi 1TavTwv E1TEXWV; (210). STEWART, RANDALL, The Oracular ei [Greek] , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:1 (1985:Spring) p.67 RANDALL STEWART 73 ture, suggesting that the author made no distinction between hypoth­ eses and oracular questions. The similarity of these questions to those asked at Delphi and Dodona places the Sorles firmly in the oracular tradition.14 Just as in the case of the Dodona tablets Pomtow felt obliged to exclude the possibility of direct questions introduced by ei, so various explanations have been offered for the appearance of ei at the head of independent questions in the Sortes. keywords: form; greek; kat; oracular; petitions; questions; randall; stewart; supra; verb cache: grbs-5371.pdf plain text: grbs-5371.txt item: #1219 of 1726 id: grbs-5381 author: vander Leest, J. title: Lucian in Egypt date: 1985 words: 3979 flesch: 68 summary: The identification of Lucian as iJ'rrof.LvTJIJ.llro'Ypacpo() has been maintained by J. F. Gilliam, Ala Agrippiana and Archistator, CP 56 (1961) 103 (Addendum), and C. P. Jones, Two Enemies of Lucian, GRBS 13 (1972) 486. 75 LEEST, VANDER J., Lucian in Egypt , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:1 (1985:Spring) LEEST, VANDER J., Lucian in Egypt , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:1 (1985:Spring) keywords: archistator; duties; egypt; greek; lampo; lucian; post; prefect; roman cache: grbs-5381.pdf plain text: grbs-5381.txt item: #1220 of 1726 id: grbs-5391 author: Stephens, Laurence D. title: Trends in the Prosodic Evolution of the Greek Choliamb date: 1985 words: 6162 flesch: 53 summary: Trend toward higher frequencies of final syllables long by nature at the end of the choliamb noted, proportionally more disyllables than the rest, and-as is clear from the table and as might be anticipated on morphological consid­ erations-disyllables have a higher rate of final Co VCo syllables than longer words. This procedure has been adopted because elementary considerations of Greek inflectional morphology indicate that there could be a correla­ tion between syllable structure and word length: e.g. final syllables long by nature are more common in the declensions of a- and o-stems than in the declension of consonant stems, while consonant stems-unlike a- and o-stems-are frequently a syllable longer in oblique cases. keywords: accent; babrius; choliamb; evolution; greek; herodas; laurence; nature; penultimate; stephens; syllables; words cache: grbs-5391.pdf plain text: grbs-5391.txt item: #1221 of 1726 id: grbs-5401 author: Mastronarde, Donald J. title: Notes on Some Manuscripts of Euripides’ Phoenissae date: 1985 words: 5421 flesch: 79 summary: MASTRONARDE, DONALD J., Notes on Some Manuscripts of Euripides' Phoenissae , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 26:1 (1985:Spring) p.99 102 SOME MANUSCRIPTS OF EURIPIDES' PHOENISSAE Zv 8C Zm - ZvPC: 608 J.t'YIKVlIaIS Zv 8C Zm, 966 av'Tov ZvlZm, 977 m; Zv l Zm, 1063 AdJo{30AOll Zv l Zm, and 5 other passages Zm 8C Zv 8C - ZmpcZvPC: 331 avjjgE a.c., chryi'gE p.C., 449 7TOAtV om. Similar schoolmasterly guidance is given in the same way in other lines. keywords: euripides; manuscripts; notes; phoenissae; scholia; text; vat cache: grbs-5401.pdf plain text: grbs-5401.txt item: #1222 of 1726 id: grbs-541 author: Botley, Paul title: Renaissance Scholarship and the Athenian Calendar date: 2006 words: 12801 flesch: 68 summary: Athenian months appear in the spurious testimonia and leges transmitted with Demosthenes’ De corona. Demosthenes uses four Athenian months in close succession in his Third Olynthiac. keywords: athenian; basle; books; bruni; calendar; century; chrysoloras; colophon; date; december; dictionaries; dictionary; edition; februarius; fol; gaza; greek; latin; letter; lexicon; london; maius; martius; mensibus; mensis; months; paris; plutarch; renaissance; scholarship; set; venice; work cache: grbs-541.pdf plain text: grbs-541.txt item: #1223 of 1726 id: grbs-5411 author: Kullmann, Wolfgang title: Oral Poetry Theory and Neoanalysis in Homeric Research date: 1984 words: 8707 flesch: 58 summary: While in the Middle Ages the existence of epics written in other languages prompted the transformation of oral epics into written form, this does not at first strike one as being the case in early Greece. Fortunately, the time of separate development is now over: several treatises on oral poetry theory have been written in Germany,2 and neoanalysis has increasingly been taken notice of in America and Great Britain.3 keywords: achilles; aethiopis; death; epics; greek; homeric; iliad; kullmann; motifs; neoanalysis; poetry; poetry theory; research; studies; supra; theory; tradition; wolfgang cache: grbs-5411.pdf plain text: grbs-5411.txt item: #1224 of 1726 id: grbs-5421 author: Mondi, Robert title: The Ascension of Zeus and the Composition of Hesiod’s Theogony date: 1984 words: 10458 flesch: 51 summary: In the Callimachean hymn Zeus likewise comes to power through Epya XHPWV (65). The Ascension of Zeus and the Composition of Hesiod's Theogony Robert Mondi T HE DISTINCTION between the synchronic and diachronic analysis of a work of literature is nowhere more relevant than in the ex­ plication of Hesiod's Theogony. keywords: ascension; birth; composition; gods; greek; hesiod; homeric; hymn; kronos; lines; mondi; narrative; p.325; poem; power; robert; song; studies; supra; text; theogony; titanomachy; tradition; zeus cache: grbs-5421.pdf plain text: grbs-5421.txt item: #1225 of 1726 id: grbs-5431 author: Gagarin, Michael title: The Testimony of Witnesses in the Gortyn Laws date: 1984 words: 2506 flesch: 63 summary: In view of these two examples, it seems likely that witnesses at Gortyn could and did testify to the facts in other legal cases. GAGARIN, MICHAEL, The Testimony of Witnesses in the Gortyn Laws , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 25:4 (1984) keywords: case; gortyn; headlam; laws; testimony; witnesses cache: grbs-5431.pdf plain text: grbs-5431.txt item: #1226 of 1726 id: grbs-5441 author: Stadter, Philip A. title: Plutarch, Charinus, and the Megarian Decree date: 1984 words: 10351 flesch: 63 summary: Craterus' collec­ tion of decrees is the most likely, as for other decrees cited in the Pericles (cj. Reasonable decree Death of Anthe- Pericles' anger mocritus (Megarian Charinus decree Megarian decree (Megarian decree) decree) Conference at Sparta, includ- ing Megarian complaints against the decree Peloponnesian Pressure on embassies Pericles Pericles' refusal (Pericles' refusal (Pericles' refusal Pericles' refusal to repeal to repeal) to repeal) to repeal reply, which confirms Thucydides on Pericles' opposition.6 Thucydi­ des' version, however, created a difficulty for Plutarch, because the vehemence of Pericles' stand against repeal and for war did not fit the biographer's understanding of his character, which he thought was marked by calmness and self-restraint under stress (1Tp(;nh'Y}~, cf, Per. 5.0. keywords: anthemocritus; athenians; charinus decree; death; decree; greek; megara; megarian; megarian decree; n.2; p.351; pericles; philip; philip a.; plutarch; sparta; stadter; studies; supra; thucydides; war cache: grbs-5441.pdf plain text: grbs-5441.txt item: #1227 of 1726 id: grbs-5451 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: Spectacle and Parody in Euripides’ Electra date: 1984 words: 7865 flesch: 72 summary: Orestes is to bring it to show Electra (855-57); he does so at 895, she takes it (he is yours now, 898), and she rids herself of it at 952, begone. When Electra came in sight, she was thought by Orestes to be a slave (107-10); for her dress was ragged, dirty, and homespun (I 84f, 304f, 307, 11 07), her body was emaciated (239f), and her head was shaven (108, 148, 241, 335). keywords: aeschylus; attendants; electra; euripides; greek; hammond; head; man; orestes; parody; play; spectacle; urn cache: grbs-5451.pdf plain text: grbs-5451.txt item: #1228 of 1726 id: grbs-5461 author: Rosen, Ralph M. title: The Ionian at Aristophanes Peace 46 date: 1984 words: 4048 flesch: 67 summary: The references to Hip­ ponax in Aristophanes (Lys. 36Of, Ran. 66Of) imply a familiarity with that author, and ROSEN, RALPH M., The Ionian at Aristophanes Peace 46 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 25:4 (1984) Therefore, as it is not Aristophanes' main purpose to ridicule Cleon through an allegorical dung beetle (as the Ionian supposes), the suggestion that an Ionian would nevertheless interpret the beetle along these lines parodies the willingness of an Ionian to see invective in anything.9 That the Ionian is meant to be seen as drawing on his knowledge of his native literary traditions is further exemplified by the fact that he is made to interpret the dung beetle as one would interpret an Ionian animal fable. keywords: aesop; aristophanes; beetle; dung; fable; ionian; peace; ralph; rosen; supra cache: grbs-5461.pdf plain text: grbs-5461.txt item: #1229 of 1726 id: grbs-5481 author: Shelmerdine, Susan C. title: Hermes and the Tortoise: A Prelude to Cult date: 1984 words: 4270 flesch: 66 summary: Here Hermes focuses on the tortoise-shell (the only part of the animal in which he has any interest), asking where it came from (32-33),9 and using a string of epithets that foreshadow its transformation into the lyre (31-32): he calls the tortoise lovely in shape (q,vT,V EpoEuua), played/beaten at the dance (~OPO(:TV7rE), and comrade of the feast (Ba'To~ ETai­ PTI).10 Hermes draws his speech to a close with a promise to honor the tortoise (ovB' a1TOTtI-'T,UW, 35); this final element of the hymnic form leads directly into Hermes' next act, the killing of the tortoise. SHELMERDINE, SUSAN C., Hermes and the Tortoise: A Prelude to Cult , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 25:3 (1984) p.201 Hermes and the Tortoise: A Prelude to Cult Susan C. Shelmerdine THE HOMERIC HYMN to Hermes, one of the four longer poems of the corpus, tells the story of Hermes' conception, birth, and inauguration into the Olympic pantheon after his first two mis­ chief-filled days of life. keywords: animal; apollo; cattle; god; hermes; hymn; lyre; music; sacrifice; song; tortoise cache: grbs-5481.pdf plain text: grbs-5481.txt item: #1230 of 1726 id: grbs-5491 author: Parke, H. W. title: Croesus and Delphi date: 1984 words: 12012 flesch: 65 summary: p.209 H. W. PARKE 213 Again, in three places Herodotus mentions Croesus' dedications to Apollo of Branchidae, which he said he heard were equal in weight and similar to those at Delphi. For the inter­ pretation of the evidence, Cook (supra n.9) 28, and for a different view, A. Andrewes, CAH2 III.3 401. PARKE, H. W., Croesus and Delphi , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 25:3 (1984) p.209 H. W. PARKE 215 temples of Apollo at Delphi, gives the date for the fire as the first year of the fifty-eighth Olympiad and the archonship of Erxecleides at Athens: that is 54817 B.C. keywords: apollo; century; croesus; cyrus; dedications; delphi; fall; gold; greek; h. w.; herodotus; oracles; p.209; parke; sibyl; sibylline; studies; temple; time; years cache: grbs-5491.pdf plain text: grbs-5491.txt item: #1231 of 1726 id: grbs-5501 author: Briggs, Jr, Ward W. title: B. L. Gildersleeve on Pindar Nemean 3.74-75 date: 1984 words: 5198 flesch: 76 summary: So Donaldson (210), Pindar is speaking with reference to the Pythagorean di­ vision of virtue into four species. BRIGGS, WARD W., JR, B. L. Gildersleeve on Pindar Nemean 3.74-75 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 25:3 (1984) p.233 B. L. Gildersleeve on Pindar Nemean 3.74-75 Ward W. Briggs, Jr keywords: age; aiwv; briggs; gildersleeve; greek; life; nemean; pindar; supra; virtues; ward cache: grbs-5501.pdf plain text: grbs-5501.txt item: #1232 of 1726 id: grbs-551 author: Carawan, Edwin title: The Athenian Law of Agreement date: 2006 words: 14596 flesch: 61 summary: Athenogenes will insist that the agreement is final; Epicrates can only contend that binding agreements must be “just” or equitable The first instance also suggests that binding agreements must be witnessed, but that does not necessarily reflect the language of a statute. keywords: agreement; argument; athenian; athenogenes; athens; carawan; cargo; case; contract; dem; epicrates; isocrates; ka‹; law; money; obligation; olympiodorus; plaintiff; property; rule; security; terms; transaction cache: grbs-551.pdf plain text: grbs-551.txt item: #1233 of 1726 id: grbs-5511 author: Hamilton, Richard title: Sources for the Athenian Amphidromia date: 1984 words: 4319 flesch: 70 summary: 29 Stengel (supra n.4) 1902 and Nilsson (supra n.8) are two who do recognize that the feast shows a connection between Amphidromia and naming celebration. , Suda s. v. 8EKclTTW EU'Tf,clUat, Phot.) , preparation for a feast (Ephippos/Euboulos) which included some drinking (Ephippos/Euboulos; Av.) and which culminated in a more public feast during the night (Av., Suda) at which the child was named and presented to the larger group of relatives. keywords: amphidromia; athenian; child; deubner; feast; n.4; richard; sources; supra; tenth cache: grbs-5511.pdf plain text: grbs-5511.txt item: #1234 of 1726 id: grbs-5521 author: Wheeler, Everett L. title: Sophistic Interpretations and Greek Treaties date: 1984 words: 10190 flesch: 67 summary: Treaties Anti-deceit clauses Century Treaties on stone in treaties on stone VII 6 0 0 VI 11 3 1 V 91 33 8 IV 170 64 6 III 110 66 8 Total 388 166 23 It is this relationship which this paper seeks to establish more clearly: the kind of interpretation illustrated by these anecdotes is precisely what in most cases an anti-deceit clause seeks to prevent, and comparison of Greek anti-deceit clauses with Roman formulaic practice will dem­ onstrate that the Greek clauses are not simply formulaic. keywords: byzantine; century; clauses; deceit; dolo; everett; everett l.; evidence; examples; greek; greek treaties; iii; interpretations; kat; law; malo; oath; p.253; perjury; polyaen; polybius; sine; staatsvertr; studies; supra; treaties; treaty; wheeler cache: grbs-5521.pdf plain text: grbs-5521.txt item: #1235 of 1726 id: grbs-5531 author: Blank, David L. title: Dialectical Method in the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia date: 1984 words: 4978 flesch: 67 summary: All these positions taken by Aristotle work well in the context of a political conspiracy. ,C; and consequently the consummate Athenian politician (Ath.Po/. 5.3, 11.2) squares with Aristotle's philosophy in genera15 and with his political theory in particular.6 The Ath. keywords: account; aristotelian; aristotle; ath.pol; athenaion; blank; david; history; kat; method; politeia; sources; studies; thucydides cache: grbs-5531.pdf plain text: grbs-5531.txt item: #1236 of 1726 id: grbs-5541 author: Caponigro, Mark Stephen title: Five Men and Ten Ships: A Riddle in Athenaeus date: 1984 words: 5777 flesch: 70 summary: But it may be doubted whether, in Greek riddles at least, numerical quantities and their relations are ever made the locus of deception, as such a perverse reading would require. 10 Supra n.l. 11 The tendency in Greek riddles is to secure the quantity of a particular element as reliable, even though the value of the element is itself doubtful. keywords: almonds; athenaeus; caponigro; greek; line; mark; men; numbers; riddle; ships; solution; stephen; studies cache: grbs-5541.pdf plain text: grbs-5541.txt item: #1237 of 1726 id: grbs-5551 author: Jordan, D. R. title: Two Christian Prayers from Southeastern Sicily date: 1984 words: 2372 flesch: 72 summary: The first word Burzachechi transcribes AMHN; but in inscribed prayers, aIL;'1I is usually found not at the beginnings but at the ends.4 Because nu is normally written N rather than ~ in both texts5 and because angels' names frequently end in -1]A, I transcribe the word not AMHN but AMRA and assume a hitherto (as far as I know) unattested name of an angel.6 The ver- 3 For ov - v see F. T. Gignac, A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods They are a group of prayers, most concerning vineyards, and they have magical overtones.1 Some are quite difficult to read, and few are adequately edited. keywords: burzachechi; christian; prayers; sicily cache: grbs-5551.pdf plain text: grbs-5551.txt item: #1238 of 1726 id: grbs-5561 author: Kadletz, Edward title: The Sacrifice of Eumaios the Pig Herder date: 1984 words: 3073 flesch: 75 summary: WTa are first fruit offerings without referring to ap'Yf. Others have pointed out before that heroes sacrifice and pray to specific deities, but that the common people tend to send their requests and offerings simply to the gods. keywords: eumaios; gods; homer; meat; offering; pig; portion; sacrifice cache: grbs-5561.pdf plain text: grbs-5561.txt item: #1239 of 1726 id: grbs-5571 author: Shapiro, H. A. title: Ponos and Aponia date: 1984 words: 1692 flesch: 58 summary: Peitho, worshipped there in association with Aphrodite and depicted as serv­ ing the goddess on our pyxis, as on several other vases, probably took on an increasingly political character (as rhetorical persuasion) under the influence of the· Sophistic movement.12 In the Hellenistic period, Aphrodite was worshipped near the Agora under the cult name 10 1TEPL/3. ~~OV· Cx1TOXPT1[U]EWI; ed. keywords: comes; flavius cache: grbs-5711.pdf plain text: grbs-5711.txt item: #1256 of 1726 id: grbs-5721 author: Philippides, Marios title: Patriarchal Chronicles of the Sixteenth Century date: 1984 words: 4112 flesch: 63 summary: Manuel Malaxos was a member of the immediate circle of the patriarch.15 the protonotarios of the Patriarchate, who supplied most of the 14 Philippides {supra n.2>- 150n Manuel Malaxos see G. Moravcsik, Byzantinoturcica I (Berlin 1958) keywords: chronicles; constantinople; crusius; greek; history; kat; malaxos; manuel; patriarchate; philippides; sphrantzes; supra; tov cache: grbs-5721.pdf plain text: grbs-5721.txt item: #1257 of 1726 id: grbs-5731 author: Sutton, Dana Ferrin title: The Date of Prometheus Bound date: 1983 words: 2664 flesch: 62 summary: FERRIN SUTTON, DANA, The Date of Prometheus Bound , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:4 (1983:Winter) The date and circumstances of production of Prometheus Bound are not known. keywords: aeschylus; date; greek; griffith; pagos; play; prometheus; sutton cache: grbs-5731.pdf plain text: grbs-5731.txt item: #1258 of 1726 id: grbs-5741 author: Adeleye, Gabriel title: The Purpose of Dokimasia date: 1983 words: 5407 flesch: 59 summary: Pol. 55.4) and that it must have contained a provision by which it was possible to reject a candidate without maintaining that he was formally debarred from holding office. Headlam, who is mainly concerned with refuting Busolt's view (supra n.l) that the dokimasia was used to disqualify unsuitable candidates who had been chosen by lot, believes that the sole purpose of the institution was the establishment of legal qualifications, and rejects the use of the dokimasia for enquiring into the candidate's suitability for office and the probity of his entire life. keywords: adeleye; candidate; dokimasia; evidence; gabriel; law; office; oligarchs; plaintiff; purpose cache: grbs-5741.pdf plain text: grbs-5741.txt item: #1259 of 1726 id: grbs-5751 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Graphe or Dike Traumatos? date: 1983 words: 6942 flesch: 68 summary: (c) The use of ypaqrq and 'Ypa­ ~u(Jm denoting the written accusation in private actions is indeed extremely rare, and we must not forget that hundreds of passages attest the common meaning '(to bring a) public action', or '(indict­ ment in a) public action'. Longo suggests that the meaning of graphe in these passages is not 'public action' but 'written document' (250, 260). keywords: action; demosthenes; dike; fine; graphe; graphe traumatos; hansen; herman; kat; longo; mogens; oem; passages; public; traumatos cache: grbs-5751.pdf plain text: grbs-5751.txt item: #1260 of 1726 id: grbs-5761 author: Cargill, Jack title: IG II2 1 and the Athenian Kleruchy on Samos date: 1983 words: 6171 flesch: 61 summary: The decree awarding Athenian citizenship to the loyal Samians in 405 B.C. was presumably inscribed at the time of its passage; a pro­ vision of the decree itself (38-40) provided for erecting inscribed copies in both Athens and Samos. Gawantka (supra n.5) 196 is forced to explain away the apparent possession of Athenian citizenship by Eumachos (who is invited to deipnon, not xenia, 37)-a person who appears to be in Athens only briefly, as an ambassador, before returning to Samos (34f). keywords: athenian; athens; b.c; cargill; century; greek; jack; kleruchy; names; samian; samos; sources; studies; supra cache: grbs-5761.pdf plain text: grbs-5761.txt item: #1261 of 1726 id: grbs-5771 author: Westlake, H. D. title: Conon and Rhodes: The Troubled Aftermath of Synoecism date: 1983 words: 5782 flesch: 57 summary: WESTLAKE, H. D., Conon and Rhodes: The Troubled Aftermath of Synoecism , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:4 (1983:Winter) p.333 H. D. WESTLAKE 335 from Cyprus, so that his fleet was increased to eighty ships with which he moved to Loryma, a harbour-town on the mainland nearest to Rhodes.lO Thereupon the Rhodians, after expelling (EK{3a1\.ovnc;) the Peloponnesian force, revolted from Sparta and received Conon with his whole force into their city (Diod. 14.79.6). From the fragment of Androtion cited above it may be inferred with some confidence, despite inaccuracies on other points,24 that Conon, while still at Caunus, established contact initially with democratic elements at Rhodes with the intention of further stimulating their known hostility to Sparta. keywords: conon; fleet; greek; rhodes; sparta; spartans; supra; synoecism; westlake cache: grbs-5771.pdf plain text: grbs-5771.txt item: #1262 of 1726 id: grbs-5781 author: Huxley, George title: An Argive Dynasty in Malalas date: 1983 words: 1463 flesch: 71 summary: He states that Phoroneus was king until the reign of Lynkeus, who took as his wife Hyperm (n)estra from among the daughters Danaos~ Malalas alleges, on the authority of Archilochos (?), that Lynkeus fought a war against Danaos and killed him before taking the kingship and his daughter.3 It is also asserted that the successor of Lynkeus was Triopas. At the beginning of his fourth book Malalas treats of heroic Argive dynasts. keywords: diodoros; kastor; malalas; years cache: grbs-5781.pdf plain text: grbs-5781.txt item: #1263 of 1726 id: grbs-5791 author: Malay, Hasan title: A Royal Document from Aigai in Aiolis date: 1983 words: 2216 flesch: 77 summary: PO/3(XTWV BE Kat alywv 7TEV'TYlKOcr- , \' ,f, ~ 'TYlV' ~YI'f'e'TaL u- 1 I also found here a votive stele of Roman times dedicated to ZEVS- ·OAll/.,/TrW Kat €~KOOC;, two architectural marble blocks with mouldings, and a small Byzantine deco­ rated pillar, which will be published elsewhere with other new inscriptions from Aigai. southeast of ancient Aigai, to the Ma­ nisa Museum in 1981. keywords: aigai; aiolis; document; inscription; kat; malay; royal cache: grbs-5791.pdf plain text: grbs-5791.txt item: #1264 of 1726 id: grbs-5801 author: Gregory, Timothy E. title: Julian and the Last Oracle at Delphi date: 1983 words: 5883 flesch: 64 summary: The oracle is thus to be classified with stories of contests between Chris­ tian holy men and their demon adversaries and it fits into a long tradition of using oracles as 'evidence' in religious conflict.7 This, he argued, is in direct contradiction to what we know about Delphi, where oracles were always delivered by the Pythia and where the Kastalian Spring was only a part of the rites of purification prior to the consultation. keywords: christian; daphne; delphi; greek; gregory; julian; kedrenos; oracle; pagan; philostorgios; temple; timothy; vatin cache: grbs-5801.pdf plain text: grbs-5801.txt item: #1265 of 1726 id: grbs-581 author: Cribiore, Raffaella title: Lucian, Libanius, and the Short Road to Rhetoric date: 2007 words: 6356 flesch: 62 summary: The audience that Lucian conjures up mirrored itself in the outlines of its past. 71–86 © 2007 GRBS Lucian, Libanius, and the Short Road to Rhetoric Raffaella Cribiore HE TEACHER OF RHETORIC of Lucian has not attracted much scholarly attention. keywords: cribiore; dialogue; education; libanius; lucian; rhetoric; road; roman; school; students; teacher; time; years cache: grbs-581.pdf plain text: grbs-581.txt item: #1266 of 1726 id: grbs-5811 author: van der Valk, M. title: Eustathius and Callimachus date: 1983 words: 3113 flesch: 64 summary: VALK, M. VAN DER, Eustathius and Callimachus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:4 (1983:Winter) p.367 Eustathius and Callimachus M van der Valk I N HIS HOMERIC COMMENTARIES Eustathius more than once-in fact 49 times-refers to passages of Callimachus' works. Hence it is assumed that Eustathius was not acquainted at first hand with those works of Callimachus that are now lost to us.2 Now Pfeiffer has demonstrated that in the twelfth century Michael Choniates, a pupil of Eustathius, was still able to consult directly works of Callimachus now los1.3 It is tempting to think id quod licuit bovi, Iicuisse Jovi - that Eustathius also had access to Callimachus' works. keywords: aetia; callimachus; der; eustathius; line; valk; van cache: grbs-5811.pdf plain text: grbs-5811.txt item: #1267 of 1726 id: grbs-5821 author: Kazhdan, Alexander title: Looking Back to Antiquity: Three Notes date: 1983 words: 1183 flesch: 64 summary: Kat 'Tf'pO~ E'Tf't- f3aTTJPI.ov<; E!3AE'Tf'E JLnxava~ (252, 254) Kat 'TO AOt7TOV /xV'Tt'Tf'apE§­ keywords: choniates; eustathius; josephus; kat cache: grbs-5821.pdf plain text: grbs-5821.txt item: #1268 of 1726 id: grbs-5831 author: Simms, Robert M. title: Eumolpos and the Wars of Athens date: 1983 words: 6100 flesch: 69 summary: In the expanded list of Andron, of course, Eumolpos II cannot found the Mys­ teries, for that task has passed to the added Eumolpos III (cf the second-generation Mystery-founding Eumolpos of Istros F22). It is possible that the names Anti­ phemos/Mousaios/Eumolpos III represent a corresponding, and con­ sequent, expansion of the Eumolpid list, and that Eumolpos II was the opposite number to Theseus in the earlier, shorter lists: Eumolpos I Keryx Eumolpos II (Mystery-founder )49 46 Pearson (supra n.33) 87. keywords: athenian; athens; eleusis; erechtheus; eumolpos; hymn; iii; robert; supra; theseus; thracian; tradition; version; wars cache: grbs-5831.pdf plain text: grbs-5831.txt item: #1269 of 1726 id: grbs-5841 author: Carawan, Edwin M. title: Erotesis: Interrogation in the Courts of Fourth-Century Athens date: 1983 words: 9282 flesch: 60 summary: M. H. Hansen has suggested that the magistrates in charge-the Eleven, the thesmothetai, or the council, annual officials appointed by lot with no special qualifica­ tions-routinely disposed of such cases by execution without trial (TO aKpLTOll a7ToKTE'illaL).14 Aristogeiton's proposal to the council may seem to suggest that the Eleven and other legal officials had similar authority to interpret the statements of the accused as admission of guilt~ however, w~ have no single instance of summary execution in such cases. keywords: anakrisis; apagoge; athens; autumn; carawan; case; century; courts; debate; edwin; erotesis; greek; hansen; interrogation; p.209; procedure; questions; speaker; speeches; studies; supra; trial cache: grbs-5841.pdf plain text: grbs-5841.txt item: #1270 of 1726 id: grbs-5851 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Political Activity and the Organization of Attica in the Fourth Century B.C. date: 1983 words: 6104 flesch: 58 summary: Likewise, if we accept that most citizens above thirty had to serve at least once in the boule, then the bouleutic quota assigned each deme must in most cases have matched almost exactly the number of citizens actually eligible, and again it is almost un­ believable that the distribution of eligible citizens over the demes was unchanged from the late sixth century to the late fourth, or that Kleisthenes anticipated the inevitable changes. If we follow the common view that most of the politically active citizens lived near the Agora and the Pnyx and that most citizens still lived in their demes, then more than half, not just a quarter, of the politically active would be members of city demes. keywords: activity; athens; attica; boule; century; citizens; demes; mesogaios; number; paralia; quotas; rhetores cache: grbs-5851.pdf plain text: grbs-5851.txt item: #1271 of 1726 id: grbs-5861 author: Kallet, Lisa title: Iphikrates, Timotheos, and Athens, 371-360 B.C. date: 1983 words: 6692 flesch: 67 summary: From [Dem.l 49.66 we learn that Timotheos threatened to prose­ cute Iphikrates on a charge of gEVta. He suggests that in 365 Timotheos, after the siege of Samos, went to Amphipolis, relieved Iphikrates, and, after besieging Methone, Pydna, and Amphipolis, continued to the Hellespont along with Agesilaos. keywords: alliance; athens; b.c; chersonese; date; demosthenes; greek; iphikrates; kallet; kotys; lisa; macedonia; studies; timotheos cache: grbs-5861.pdf plain text: grbs-5861.txt item: #1272 of 1726 id: grbs-5871 author: Huxley, George title: Baanes the Notary on ‘Old Edessa’ date: 1983 words: 2375 flesch: 68 summary: The alleged toponym is best given as 'Old Edessa' to distinguish it from Edessa-Vodena; 'Old 7 Hammond (supra n.2) 8-9~ H. W. Parke and D. E. W. Wormell, The Delphic Or­ ac/e2 II (Oxford 1956) HUXLEY, GEORGE, Baanes the Notary on 'Old Edessa' , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:3 (1983:Autumn) p.253 GEORGE HUXLEY 257 Edessa in Macedonia nor ask whether there was a connexion between them.12 Roman imperial copper coins of Edessa-Vodena dated to the times of Julia Domna, Caracalla, and Julia Paula show a goat on the reverses~ 13 but there the animal appears as a traditional Macedonian symbol and no special link between Edessa-Vodena and Aigeai is being asserted. keywords: aigeai; baanes; edessa; euphorion; george; huxley; justin; karanos; macedonia; notary; trogus; vodena cache: grbs-5871.pdf plain text: grbs-5871.txt item: #1273 of 1726 id: grbs-5881 author: Pearcy, Lee T. title: Galen and Stoic Rhetoric date: 1983 words: 6832 flesch: 55 summary: PEARCY, LEE T., Galen and Stoic Rhetoric , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:3 (1983:Autumn) p.259 264 GALEN AND STOIC RHETORIC for establishing the seat of the rational soul, he observes that every­ thing which falls outside this course is superfluous and irrelevant; and this is the way in which a scientific premise of a demonstration (Em.­ UTTlI-WVtK()J) Cl1ro8E~EWf; AT,/-tI-W) differs from one that is rhetorical, useful for training, or sophistical (Doctr. In this matter as in his repartition of logic, the greatest influence on Galen's rhetoric was Stoic rhetoric. keywords: dialectic; galen; greek; ideas; lacy; language; lee; logic; pearcy; rhetoric; stoics cache: grbs-5881.pdf plain text: grbs-5881.txt item: #1274 of 1726 id: grbs-5891 author: Thomas, John Philip title: A Disputed Novel of Basil II date: 1983 words: 5347 flesch: 52 summary: He attempted a reconciliation by accepting a 'first repeal' of Nicephorus Phocas' law by Tzimisces in 969, its reinstitution by the parakoimome­ nos Basil (under pressure from Nicephorus Phocas' nephew Bardas Phocas), and a 'second repeal' by Basil II in 988.7 There is no support in the sources, however, for the reinstitution of Nicephorus Phocas' law which this complicated reconstruction requires. 11 Dolger Regesten no. 1523, (./ 1419, discussed by Lemerle (supra n.9) 217, and Svoronos (supra n.l0) 375-82; Nicetas Choniates Hist. 7.3 (207 van Dieten): wOn: Kat THOMAS, JOHN PHILIP, A Disputed Novel of Basil II , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:3 (1983:Autumn) p.273 276 A DISPUTED NOVEL OF BASIL II deed, the relevant passage in Choniates' Historia is read by Svoronos to imply that there was no formal repeal of Nicephorus Phocas' law, thereby opening to critics of the disputed Basilian novel the possibility of condemning it without necessarily accepting in its stead the weakly attested repeal by John Tzimisces. keywords: basil; basil ii; byzantine; john; law; legislation; nicephorus; novel; philip; phocas; repeal; studies; supra; svoronos; thomas cache: grbs-5891.pdf plain text: grbs-5891.txt item: #1275 of 1726 id: grbs-5901 author: Shapiro, H. A. title: Amazons, Thracians, and Scythians date: 1983 words: 4934 flesch: 64 summary: An encounter with Amazons figures among the exploits of three important Greek heroes, and each story entered the Attic vase­ painters' repertoire at a different time in the course of the sixth century. The appearance of 'Thracian Amazons' and 'Scythian Amazons' in vase-painting not only offers some insight into Greek ideas about Amazons at a time when literary sources are silent, but also raises the possibility that the Amazonomachy was seen as a mythical prototype for certain historical events long before the post-Persian decades when it most conspicuously played that role.9 4 Neck-amphora, London B210: ABV 144.7; W. Technau, Exekias (Leipzig 1936) pI. 25; neck-amphora, London B209: ABV 144.8; Technau pI. 26. keywords: amazons; black; bothmer; century; figure; greek; scythians; shapiro; supra; thracian; von cache: grbs-5901.pdf plain text: grbs-5901.txt item: #1276 of 1726 id: grbs-591 author: Finglass, P. J. title: A Newly-Discovered Edition of Sophocles by Peter Elmsley date: 2007 words: 6463 flesch: 68 summary: 9 Elmsley’s associations with Edinburgh go back to his uncle, a bookseller and publisher also called Peter Elmsley (1735/6–1802). P. J. FINGLASS 103 This imperfect volume formed part of an intended edition of Sophocles by Mr. Elmsley. keywords: copy; edinburgh; edition; elmsley; laing; letter; library; london; oxford; review; sophocles; text; vol; wynn cache: grbs-591.pdf plain text: grbs-591.txt item: #1277 of 1726 id: grbs-5911 author: Perlman, Paula title: Plato Laws 833C-834D and the Bears of Brauron date: 1983 words: 8660 flesch: 71 summary: What evidence we have suggests that Athenian girls married as young as age fourteen, although men of learning agreed that a later age, in accord with Spartan custom, was preferable.12 Because the Arkteia at Brauron was a penteteric celebration,13 re­ strictions limiting the participants' age would need to span at least four years in order that every girl have the opportunity to take part before her marriage. The age and ritual service of the kanephoros are problematic.46 That Aristophanes did have a specific ritual in mind is indicated by iuxuOOJv op/-W80<;.47 What it was remains uncertain, but it seems likely that the service took place between acting the bear at the Brauronian Arkteia and the girl's marriage.48 Recognition of two age groups in the nude and clothed figures on the krateriskoi accords well with known Greek practice, for athletic and choral competition was frequently by age group. keywords: age; arkteia; arktoi; artemis; athenian; bears; brauron; girls; greek; kahil; laws; marriage; n.4; p.115; paula; perlman; plato; ritual; studies; summer; supra cache: grbs-5911.pdf plain text: grbs-5911.txt item: #1278 of 1726 id: grbs-5921 author: Stadter, Philip A. title: The Motives for Athens’ Alliance with Corcyra (Thuc. 1.44) date: 1983 words: 2444 flesch: 63 summary: The Motives for Athens' Alliance with Corcyra (Thuc. 1.44) Philip A. Stadter D ESPlTE ABLE STUDIES of the Epidamnian affair, and in particu­ lar of the Corcyraean and Corinthian speeches at Athens re­ ported in Thucydides 1.32-43,1 the rationale of the Athenian decision to enter a defensive alliance with Corcyra has been misun­ derstood. The Corinthians' argument carries a threat to interfere in Athens' relations with her subjects, if Athens inter­ feres in Corcyra. keywords: alliance; athens; corcyra; corinth; thuc; war cache: grbs-5921.pdf plain text: grbs-5921.txt item: #1279 of 1726 id: grbs-5931 author: Welsh, D. title: The Chorus of Aristophanes’ Babylonians date: 1983 words: 7295 flesch: 58 summary: In short, provided only that the younger Zopyrus had reached Athens by 427, he could have served as an attractive 'prototype' for the chorus of Babylonians in Aristophanes' play. The fragments of the Babylonians are short and they do not yield any examples of parody of Herodotus, so it cannot be proved that Aristophanes derived his inspiration for the chorus from Zopyrus' his grandfather's deeds some ninety years earlier as the historian. keywords: aristophanes; athenian; athens; babylonians; chorus; ctesias; greek; herodotus; norwood; persian; slaves; welsh; zopyrus cache: grbs-5931.pdf plain text: grbs-5931.txt item: #1280 of 1726 id: grbs-5941 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Rhetores and Strategoi in Fourth-Century Athens date: 1983 words: 18226 flesch: 82 summary: Brings an eisangelia (no. 119) against Lykophron, ea 333 (Hyp. 2.1, 2, 8). 'APUTTWVVIJ.O<; 'APUTTOVLKOV (not in PA). ; 37312 (Hesperia 8 [I939] 3-5 no. 2). 8parrof30vAo<; AVKOV LTEtPLEV<; (PA 7310, APF). keywords: 347/6; aeschin; ambassador; apf; athens; boule; century; decree; defendant; din; ecclesia; eisangelia; graphe; hansen; hell; herman; honorary; honours; hyp; ij2; mogens; oem; paranomon; people; philip; plut; rhetores; strategoi; xen cache: grbs-5941.pdf plain text: grbs-5941.txt item: #1281 of 1726 id: grbs-5951 author: Banchich, Thomas M. title: Eunapius and Arethas date: 1983 words: 1875 flesch: 62 summary: Ex hypothesi, Arethas had difficulty obtaining a text of Eunapius' vEa €KSO(TL'} from which to make his own copy, the copy later used for the Excerpta historica. Alternatively, between the time Arethas returned the volume lent him (if he ever did) and the call for a text of Eunapius for incorporation into the Excerpta, probably after 945, the library copies may simply have disappeared. keywords: arethas; eunapius; excerpta; photius; text cache: grbs-5951.pdf plain text: grbs-5951.txt item: #1282 of 1726 id: grbs-5961 author: Dyck, Andrew R. title: On Digenis Akritas Grottaferrata Version Book 5 date: 1983 words: 3918 flesch: 66 summary: In any case, it is clear that in Digenis Akritas the individual song is primary, the combination of songs into a connected narrative secondary and superficia1.23 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT Los ANGELES December, 1982 23 Here young Digenis steals his bride (with the young lady's conniv­ ance) and is pursued by her father, who is a general, and his troops. keywords: akritas; book; bride; digenis; epic; greek; grottaferrata; plot; version cache: grbs-5961.pdf plain text: grbs-5961.txt item: #1283 of 1726 id: grbs-5971 author: Renehan, R. title: A New Lexicon of Classical Greek date: 1983 words: 7740 flesch: 72 summary: The publisher furnishes the following figures: List of authors List of papyri List of inscriptions Entries, a to aAAa Words, a to aAAa LSJ DGE 1309 143 115 5000 148,500 2490 250 160 8500 324,000 Increase 90% 75% 40% 70% 120% The statistical comparison with LSJ is somewhat misleading, inasmuch as the figures for the DGE include both Christian authors and numer- for a{jpo/3a:rac; strikes me as verging on the insane. For the relationship of the TLG to the DGE see DGE x, xviii-xix, xxv, xlvi. keywords: dge; dictionary; entries; entry; form; glotta; greek; johnson; lexicon; lsj; names; new; passage; renehan; spring; studies; word; work cache: grbs-5971.pdf plain text: grbs-5971.txt item: #1284 of 1726 id: grbs-5981 author: Gerber, Douglas E. title: Pindar, Pythian 11.30 date: 1983 words: 3189 flesch: 71 summary: What may seem somewhat surprising about Pythian 11.30 is that Pindar should have mentioned that a poor man could actually engage in loud, blustering talk, whether heeded or not, since poverty tends to be associated with lack of speech, as we see from passages such as Theognis 177-78, Kat yap Ctvr,p 1T'EVLTI 8E8J-LTJJ-LEVO~ OVTE Tt Ei1T'EtV OVT' 14 R. W. B. Burton, Pindar's Pythian Odes (Oxford 1962) 67. keywords: contrast; douglas; gerber; greek; ground; nem; passage; pindar; pythian cache: grbs-5981.pdf plain text: grbs-5981.txt item: #1285 of 1726 id: grbs-5991 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: Army Transport in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries date: 1983 words: 2527 flesch: 77 summary: 14 n.lO, calls this word generic for any kind of baggage animals, and he then assumes that this word in our sources generally means pack-animals. Animals 'carrying loads on their backs' (Diod. 17.105.7, Curt. 3.13.16), that is 'pack-animals'. keywords: animals; army; arr; baggage; pack; wagons; yoke cache: grbs-5991.pdf plain text: grbs-5991.txt item: #1286 of 1726 id: grbs-6001 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Athenian ‘Politicians’, 403-322 B.C. date: 1983 words: 11927 flesch: 69 summary: ~ EKEt UOcf>wTEPO~ EUO,.eVO~ Kat p~OV (3ovAEVUO,. Thus, in fourth-century Athens the phrase p-ljTOpE~ Kat (TTpaT'Ylyoi is the nearest equivalent of what we with a much vaguer and less formal term call 'politicians' or 'political leaders'. keywords: aeschin; athenian; b.c; century; citizen; dem; din; ecclesia; greek; group; hansen; herman; hyp; kat; leaders; mogens; oem; p.33; politicians; politics; rhetores; sense; spring; strategoi; studies; supra; term; tov; twv; word; yap cache: grbs-6001.pdf plain text: grbs-6001.txt item: #1287 of 1726 id: grbs-601 author: Fornara, Charles W.; Yates, David C. title: FGrHist 328 (Philochorus) F 181 date: 2007 words: 2667 flesch: 65 summary: F 181 Like Müller Jacoby printed Harpocration’s entry as a verbatim quotation. Philochorus F 181, its intrinsic character, provenience and imputed date, has attracted no direct attention since its pub- lication, after Müller (FGH I p.404 F 124), by Jacoby in 1954.2 1 FGrHist 328 F 181. keywords: 402/1; androtion; atthis; fragment; philochorus; πομπεῖα cache: grbs-601.pdf plain text: grbs-601.txt item: #1288 of 1726 id: grbs-6011 author: Mansfeld, Jaap title: Techne: A New Fragment of Chrysippus date: 1983 words: 4393 flesch: 72 summary: Olympiodorus, interpreting Gorgias, wants to find out whether or not rhetoric is a techne; he sets out definitions of techne and looks to see if they fit rhetoric. MANSFELD, JAAP, Techne: A New Fragment of Chrysippus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:1 (1983:Spring) p.57 JAAP MANSFELD 61 concept of 'definition' associated with that of the definition of [a] techne (schol. keywords: chrysippus; cleanthes; david; definition; fragment; greek; kat; new; olympiodorus; svf; techne; zeno cache: grbs-6011.pdf plain text: grbs-6011.txt item: #1289 of 1726 id: grbs-6021 author: Langdon, Merle K. title: The Attic Tituli Memoriales date: 1983 words: 1743 flesch: 71 summary: LANGDON, MERLE K., The Attic Tituli Memoriales , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:1 (1983:Spring) p.67 The Attic Tituli Memoriales Merle K. Langdon I N THE ROMAN ERA it was not uncommon for Greek-speaking people in various parts of the Mediterranean world to commemo­ rate their loved ones or favorites with inscriptions containing the verb /-U/-LVT,CTKW. In epigraphical corpora such inscriptions are put into the miscellaneous Varia or, when numerous enough, grouped under a separate heading, Tituli memoriales. keywords: langdon; memoriales; tituli cache: grbs-6021.pdf plain text: grbs-6021.txt item: #1290 of 1726 id: grbs-6031 author: Huxley, George title: Geography in the Acts of Thomas date: 1983 words: 5308 flesch: 68 summary: Thus, whether or not St Thomas ever visited one of the territories called India in Roman imperial times,48 the earliest known resting-place of his relics was Edessa; his death in an India is not necessarily a primary part of the tradition -and, more­ over, as the Acts show, this India was not the India of Goundapho­ ros, even if the apostle did in fact visit the realm of that king; a secondary development of the tradition is the placing of the martyr­ dom in Aksumite 'India' in southern Arabia. It is certain that there was a king of the name in northwestern India at about the epoch of St Thomas. keywords: abbanes; acts; aksum; author; bonnet; edessa; geography; george; greek; huxley; india; king; syriac; thomas cache: grbs-6031.pdf plain text: grbs-6031.txt item: #1291 of 1726 id: grbs-6041 author: Croke, Brian title: Basiliscus the Boy-Emperor date: 1983 words: 4877 flesch: 68 summary: The fact that he reported it in his chronicle means that he must have trusted his source sufficiently to be convinced that the former emperor living as a cleric in the capital was indeed the original and genuine Leo II whom everyone thought had died and been buried in November 474. Under the year 475 Victor recounts a unique version of the last days of the young em­ peror Leo II, the son of Zeno and Ariadne, grandson of the emperor keywords: basiliscus; boy; brian; croke; emperor; greek; leo; roman; victor; zeno cache: grbs-6041.pdf plain text: grbs-6041.txt item: #1292 of 1726 id: grbs-6051 author: Duffy, John; Vikan, Gary title: A Small Box in John Moschus date: 1983 words: 3380 flesch: 69 summary: Some ivory pyxides may likewise have served as donation boxes, which may explain why so many of them show one or another scene of offering or sacrifice, whether the Adoration of the Magi,24 the Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes (nos. From the point of view of security, boxes would seem much more appropriate for gems. keywords: box; boxes; duffy; greek; ivory; john; john moschus; moschus; pyxides; supra cache: grbs-6051.pdf plain text: grbs-6051.txt item: #1293 of 1726 id: grbs-6061 author: van der Valk, M. title: The Iliad and Its Ancient Commentators: Some Textual Notes date: 2011 words: 5540 flesch: 75 summary: But as we have seen, this is a formular line, and the evidence of the Homeric poems suffi­ ciently shows that such lines do not always entirely suit the Homeric text in which they were taken over. It is well known, however, that Aris­ tarchus sometimes offered emendations in or observations on lines that he athetised.24 keywords: commentators; der; erbse; homeric; iliad; line; mss; reading; supra; text; valk; van cache: grbs-6061.pdf plain text: grbs-6061.txt item: #1294 of 1726 id: grbs-6071 author: Brown, Christopher title: Dionysus and the Women of Elis: PMG 871 date: 2011 words: 5361 flesch: 73 summary: Jeanmaire attempted to relieve Dionysus from bearing the burden of the epithet by suggest­ ing that 'hero Dionysus' referred not to the god but to a local Tjpw~ (in the Homeric sense of a warrior or prince) who acted as ritual substitute for the god.19 This suggestion, however, is difficult to reconcile with the evidence of the hymn: Dionysus' appearance in bull-form along with the Charites indicates the divinity. In the context of cult a hero was a dead man worshipped at his grave, from which he was thought to exert his influence for good or ilpo The difficulty of fitting Dionysus into this framework is obvious, xviii; H. Lloyd-Jones, Females of the Species (London 1975) keywords: brown; burkert; christopher; death; dionysus; elis; form; greek; hero; hymn; oxford; pmg; supra; women; worship cache: grbs-6071.pdf plain text: grbs-6071.txt item: #1295 of 1726 id: grbs-6081 author: Diggle, James title: Notes on the Hecuba of Euripides date: 2011 words: 4285 flesch: 80 summary: I refer to the following editions: R. Porson (ed. 2, London 1802), G. Schaefer (ed. 2, Leipzig 1803), A. Matthiae (Leipzig 1813 [text], 1821 [commentary)), G. Hermann (ed. 2, Leipzig 1831), F. H. Bothe (ed. 2, Leipzig 1837), W. Dindorf (Oxford 1839), F. A. Paley (ed. 2, London 1874), H. Weil (ed. 2, Paris 1879), W. S. Hadley (Cambridge 1894), N. Wecklein (Leipzig 1902), G. Murray (Oxford 1902), L. Meridier (Paris 1927), M. Tierney (Dublin 1946), S. G. Daitz (Leipzig 1973). keywords: diggle; euripides; greek; hecuba; james; notes; polyxena; soph; studies; xepa cache: grbs-6081.pdf plain text: grbs-6081.txt item: #1296 of 1726 id: grbs-6091 author: Tuplin, C. J. title: Fathers and Sons: Ecclesiazusae 644-45 date: 2011 words: 3061 flesch: 67 summary: TUPLIN, C. J., Fathers and Sons: Ecclesiazusae 644-45 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:4 (1982:Winter) p.325 330 C. J. TUPLIN one makes of Paches' implied innocence,21 it is evident that his fate was notorious enough to become a stock exemplum.22 It must have appeared in historical sources now otherwise lost, and may well have appeared in Old Comedy,23 and I see no reason why this literary in­ terest should not have reflected a popular knowledge of the affair sufficient to ensure that Epikouros Pachetos (if he existed at all) would not easily be dissociated from the sins of his father. an Epikouros Pachetos, son of the Paches Epikourou who was sent to deal with the Mytilenean revolt in 42817 (Thuc. 3.18.3 etc.). keywords: adeimantos; athenian; ecclesiazusae; epikouros; fathers; leukolophos; paches; sons cache: grbs-6091.pdf plain text: grbs-6091.txt item: #1297 of 1726 id: grbs-61 author: Smith, Gregory A. title: The Myth of the Vaginal Soul date: 2004 words: 10565 flesch: 67 summary: 26 One could go back further still in Greek intellectual history, to Em- pedocles’ cardiocentric ideas about soul and intellect, or to Pythagoras’ place- ment of various soul parts in or near the heart and brain. It seems to consist in the belief that a person dragged has to be dragged by something holding on somewhere, and that a physical part of the body is a more likely handle for dragging than abstractions like “soul.” keywords: body; burning; context; cuxæ; der; examples; ganszyniec; genitals; greek; heart; ka‹; life; location; magic; meaning; papyri; parts; pgm; place; soul; spell; supra; tøn; woman cache: grbs-61.pdf plain text: grbs-61.txt item: #1298 of 1726 id: grbs-6101 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: When Did the Athenian Ecclesia Meet? date: 2011 words: 10063 flesch: 80 summary: HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, When Did the Athenian Ecclesia Meet? , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:4 (1982:Winter) p.331 MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 333 Admittedly, the people did not meet on festival days, and Mikalson has admirably demonstrated that the ecclesia was convened neither on annual nor on monthly festival days except in an emergency.6 Now in all twelve months, days 1-4 and 6-8 were festival days. We must turn to the conciliar year and ask whether the information we have about meetings held on certain days of the prytany can shed some light on the problem of when the Athenian ecc/esia met. keywords: athenian; day; days; ecclesia; equation; hansen; meet; meritt; month; pritchett; pryt; prytany; seg; xxi cache: grbs-6101.pdf plain text: grbs-6101.txt item: #1299 of 1726 id: grbs-611 author: Mastrocinque, Attilio title: Late Antique Lamps with Defixiones date: 2007 words: 3815 flesch: 66 summary: A peculiar feature of these defixiones is that they were inserted into lamps. No comparative study of these defixory lamps has hitherto been undertaken; in this paper I gather a few scraps of evi- dence which may be related to the rituals performed at the fountain of Anna Perenna, though it is impossible to know precisely how the rituals concerning the defixiones and lamps were performed. keywords: anna; century; defixiones; demons; esp; fountain; hesperia; jordan; lamps; light; pagan; perenna cache: grbs-611.pdf plain text: grbs-611.txt item: #1300 of 1726 id: grbs-6111 author: Moore, John D. title: Diogeiton’s Dioikisis: Persuasive Language in Lysias 32 date: 2011 words: 2519 flesch: 67 summary: When Diodotus went off to war, he made a will naming Diogeiton guardian of the children in the event of his death. MOORE, JOHN D., Diogeiton's Dioikisis: Persuasive Language in Lysias 32 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:4 (1982:Winter) p.351 Diogeiton's Dioikisis: Persuasive Language in Lysias 32 John D. Moore A ACCORDING TO the speech Lysias wrote for the prosecution (32), Diogeiton cheated his grandchildren on a grand scale. keywords: boys; diogeiton; family; house; lysias; mother cache: grbs-6111.pdf plain text: grbs-6111.txt item: #1301 of 1726 id: grbs-6121 author: Rusten, Jeffrey title: Dicaearchus and the Tales from Euripides date: 2011 words: 5563 flesch: 62 summary: Until recently, this possibility had been mentioned only to be discarded; but Michael Haslam has now argued persuasively that the Tales should be identified with a collection of Dicaearchan hypotheses de­ scribed by several ancient sources.9 Such a proposal attempts to exploit the coincidence that most citations of Dicaearchus on tragedy occur in mediaeval hypotheses, but the seven hypotheses named by Bude do not form a class at all: 0) only one of them (Ajax) shows all six of his postulated elements, and most of the rest show only two; (2) hypoth. keywords: century; dicaearchus; euripides; greek; haslam; hypotheses; jeffrey; plot; rusten; studies; supra; tales; wilamowitz; work; zuntz cache: grbs-6121.pdf plain text: grbs-6121.txt item: #1302 of 1726 id: grbs-6131 author: Wilson, Nigel title: On the Transmission of the Greek Lexica date: 2011 words: 2893 flesch: 70 summary: [London 1977]); N. G. Wilson, Mediaeval Greek Bookhands (Cambridge 369 WILSON, NIGEL, On the Transmission of the Greek Lexica , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:4 (1982:Winter) p.369 370 THE TRANSMISSION OF THE GREEK LEXICA I deal first with a topic on which I am not qualified to pronounce an independent opinion, the decorative ornament. WILSON, NIGEL, On the Transmission of the Greek Lexica , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:4 (1982:Winter) p.369 On the Transmission of the Greek Lexica Nigel Wilson THE OBSERV A nONS that follow are inspired by the appearance of K. Alpers' Das attizistische Lexikon des Oros (Berlin 1981). keywords: byzantine; greek; lexica; manuscript; nigel; origin; studies; transmission; wilson cache: grbs-6131.pdf plain text: grbs-6131.txt item: #1303 of 1726 id: grbs-6141 author: Sosower, Mark L. title: Marcus Musurus and a Codex of Lysias date: 2011 words: 7581 flesch: 74 summary: Most recently, Canart and Sieherl have identified the scribe of the second part with Marcus Johannou (= Marcus Musurus): Sicherl (supra n.6) 565-66, 604. SOSOWER, MARK L., Marcus Musurus and a Codex of Lysias , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:4 (1982:Winter) p.377 Marcus Musurus and a Codex of Lysias Mark L. Sosower A DOZEN MANUSCRIPTS of minor Attic orators were available to humanists associated with the Medicean court in the 1490's. keywords: byzantine; codex; florence; greek; library; lysias; manuscripts; marcus; marcus musurus; mark; musurus; n.6; oratores; roman; scutariotes; sosower; strozzi; studies; supra; winter cache: grbs-6141.pdf plain text: grbs-6141.txt item: #1304 of 1726 id: grbs-6151 author: Bicknell, Peter J. title: Herodotos 5.68 and the Racial Policy of Kleisthenes of Sikyon date: 1982 words: 4312 flesch: 66 summary: Conceivably, and here I turn from what I regard as certainty to speculation, one should go still further and consider reversal of the new orthodox view of the Sikyonian tyranny, at least in its Kleisthenean phase, as the champion and exploiter of non-Dorian rights. There can be no doubt, certainly, that the membership of the phyle Aigialeis was in some respect non-Dorian. keywords: bicknell; dorian; herodotos; kleisthenes; names; non; peter; policy; sikyon; tribes cache: grbs-6151.pdf plain text: grbs-6151.txt item: #1305 of 1726 id: grbs-6161 author: Cromey, Robert D. title: Perikles’ Wife: Chronological Calculations date: 1982 words: 4649 flesch: 62 summary: But perhaps it is in genealogy rather than in chronology that Plato the historian may be taken more seriously, for one's general impression from Protagoras is that Plato himself thought Kallias III eldest, Perikles' sons younger, and Alkibiades III youngest in respect to one another. Xanthippos' and Paralos' ages when they wed are uncertain; but Kallias III (as Plato appears to CROMEY, ROBERT D., Perikles' Wife: Chronological Calculations , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.203 ROBERT D. CROMEY 209 depict him) seems older than his half-brothers, a quotation ascribed to Protagoras appearing to support Plato's evaluation. keywords: calculations; hipparete; iii; kallias; marriage; perikles; plato; plutarch; protagoras; wife cache: grbs-6161.pdf plain text: grbs-6161.txt item: #1306 of 1726 id: grbs-6171 author: Mikalson, Jon D. title: The Heorte of Heortology date: 1982 words: 4292 flesch: 67 summary: Although the lexicographers and the scholiasts to Aristophanes are not reliable sources for identifying heortai, it should be noted that they describe the following as Athenian heortai: Adonia (schol. In particular I wish to investigate the special character and form of religious activ­ ities which the Athenians2 called heortai. keywords: harp; heortai; heorte; heortology; hesych; jon; mikalson; suda cache: grbs-6171.pdf plain text: grbs-6171.txt item: #1307 of 1726 id: grbs-6181 author: Wheeler, Everett L. title: Hoplomachia and Greek Dances in Arms date: 1982 words: 5392 flesch: 70 summary: [Rome 1979]) 40; and Fougeres, Vian, and Lacroix in nn.21-22, 28 infra. 223 WHEELER, EVERETT L., Hoplomachia and Greek Dances in Arms , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.223 224 HOPLOMACHIA AND GREEK DANCES IN ARMS The emendation has no support in the manuscripts. WHEELER, EVERETT L., Hoplomachia and Greek Dances in Arms , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.223 226 HOPLOMACHIA AND GREEK DANCES IN ARMS dEpf.. keywords: arms; athenian; dance; dancing; everett; evidence; greek; hoplomachia; military; pyrrhic; studies; supra; training; wheeler; zeus cache: grbs-6181.pdf plain text: grbs-6181.txt item: #1308 of 1726 id: grbs-6191 author: van der Valk, M. title: Euripides Phoenissae 1-2 and Sophocles Electra 1—Again date: 1982 words: 2932 flesch: 68 summary: VALK, M. VAN DER, Euripides Phoenissae 1-2 and Sophocles Electra 1 - Again , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.235 Euripides Phoenissae 1-2 and Sophocles Electra 1-Again M van der Valk D R HASLAM has the great merit of having called attention recently to the testimony of three papyri in which Euripides' Phoenissae begins only at line 3.1 Two papyri so present the beginning of the play. The ancients already considered that the plays of Euripides and Sophocles had lines interpolated by actors, and modern scholars have often agreed.4 As for Electra 1, Haslam observed that in four other plays of Soph­ ocles, where a person is likewise addressed at the beginning, the apostrophe is always a short one. keywords: der; electra; euripides; haslam; lines; phoenissae; play cache: grbs-6191.pdf plain text: grbs-6191.txt item: #1309 of 1726 id: grbs-6201 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Athenian Ecclesia and the Meeting-Place on the Pnyx date: 1982 words: 3917 flesch: 65 summary: I3 So the explanation may be simply that Pnyx II (like Pnyx I) could accommodate only 6000 citizens who, on the other hand, were slightly more comfortably seated than previously. Pnyx II and Restricted Admission The principal literary source for the attendance at the Pnyx in the second period (ca 400-340)9 is Aristophanes' description of the wom­ en's coup d'etat in Ecclesiazusae. keywords: athenian; auditorium; citizens; ecclesia; hansen; pnyx; quorum; supra cache: grbs-6201.pdf plain text: grbs-6201.txt item: #1310 of 1726 id: grbs-621 author: Wilson, Nigel title: Scholiasts and Commentators date: 2007 words: 12285 flesch: 61 summary: The history of scholia goes back to the time when explana- tions of literary texts first became necessary, in other words the classical age of Greece, when schoolmasters found that pupils required some explanation of rare words and other difficulties in Homer and the lyric poets, the basic texts of a literary educa- tion. But perhaps we should be wary of assuming that the fortunes of literary texts are a safe guide to the history of these developments. keywords: aristophanes; attic; book; century; commentaries; commentary; commentators; criticism; dionysius; fact; greek; history; homer; iliad; nigel; note; poet; scholarship; scholia; scholiast; text; wilson; word; work cache: grbs-621.pdf plain text: grbs-621.txt item: #1311 of 1726 id: grbs-6211 author: Renehan, R. title: Aristotle as Lyric Poet: The Hermias Poem date: 1982 words: 11444 flesch: 70 summary: As a consequence, a certain Demo­ philus brought a formal charge against Aristotle on the grounds that it was impious to sing a paean in honor of a man, since paeans were a class of poems reserved for deities.6 Athenaeus, or rather his source Hermippus, appealing to lines 15-16, countered that Hermias is re­ garded as dead, and argued that the poem is therefore a skolion, not a paean. RENEHAN, R., Aristotle as Lyric Poet: The Hermias Poem , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.251 Aristotle as Lyric Poet: The Hermias Poem R. Renehan H ERMIAS, TYRANT OF AT ARNEUS, companion of Platonists, fa­ ther-in-Iaw of Aristotle, must have been an exceptional fig­ ure. keywords: apeta; ariphron; aristotle; autumn; bowra; form; greek; hermias; hermias poem; hymn; jaeger; kat; lyric; meaning; p.251; plato; poem; poet; renehan; sense; studies; tov; verses; virtue; wilamowitz; word; yap cache: grbs-6211.pdf plain text: grbs-6211.txt item: #1312 of 1726 id: grbs-6221 author: Bowersock, G. W. title: Plutarch and the Sublime Hymn of Ofellius Laetus date: 1982 words: 2032 flesch: 70 summary: BOWERSOCK, G. W., Plutarch and the Sublime Hymn of Ofellius Laetus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.275 Plutarch and the Sublime Hymn of Of ell ius Laetus G. W. Bowersock JOHANNES NOLLE has recently published the full text of an in­ scription from the Street of Domitian in Ephesus. The implication is that Laetus was some kind of contemporary wit­ ness, therefore of just the period to which Ofellius Laetus has lately been assigned. keywords: hymn; laetus; macedo; ofellius; plutarch cache: grbs-6221.pdf plain text: grbs-6221.txt item: #1313 of 1726 id: grbs-6231 author: Calder III, William M. title: Alexander’s House (Pausanias 8.32.1) date: 1982 words: 3456 flesch: 65 summary: CALDER, WILLIAM M., III, Alexander's House (Pausanias 8.32.1) , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:3 (1982:Autumn) p.281 Alexander's House (Pausanias 8.32.1) I may add that Rocha-Pereira's apparatus throughout is inadequate for close work on Pausanias. 3 keywords: alexander; ammon; calder; cave; euripides; greek; house; iii; megalopolis; pausanias; plato; slater; studies; william cache: grbs-6231.pdf plain text: grbs-6231.txt item: #1314 of 1726 id: grbs-6241 author: Wirshbo, Eliot title: The Mekone Scene in the Theogony: Prometheus as Prankster date: 1982 words: 4907 flesch: 59 summary: The implication of this comparative evidence is that in Hesiod's Theogony Prometheus is not at all the culture-hero he is to become in Prometheus Bound.25 For our immediate purpose, to explain how T~ 20 Der demiurgische Trickster und die Religionsethnologie and Prometheus, der titanische Trickster, Paideuma 7 (961) 335-44,414-37. E. Schwartz seems to have first suggested this, Prometheus bei Hesiod, SitzBerfin 1915, 143 (Gesammelte Schr{ften II keywords: eliot; gods; greek; hesiod; mekone; mekone scene; men; prometheus; scene; supra; theogony; west; wirshbo; zeus cache: grbs-6241.pdf plain text: grbs-6241.txt item: #1315 of 1726 id: grbs-6251 author: Miller, Andrew M. title: Phthonos and Parphasis: The Argument of Nemean 8.19-34 date: 1982 words: 4819 flesch: 53 summary: According to A. KOHNKEN, Die Funktion des Mythos bei Pindar (Berlin/New York 1971: hereafter 'Kohnken') 30-33, lines 19-21 (through a.7Ta KI.1I8vII0) are an en­ tirely self-contained variant of the 'EVPllc:TtE7T-rj,,-Motif', in which the poet summons up the energy and courage required for the production of a new song (thus IlEapa=jedes neue Lied), and the 8E of line 21, far from signaling any connection with what pre­ cedes, announces the introduction of a completely independent thought (Neider ergotzen sich an missgUnstigen Worten), in which the 'envy' at issue is that evoked in others by the athlete's success and the 'words' in which the envious take greedy delight are their own malicious attacks on his character and achievement. MILLER, ANDREW M., Phthonos and Parphasis: The Argument of Nemean 8.19-34 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:2 (1982:Summer) p.111 Phthonos and Parphasis: The Argument of Nemean 8.19-34 Andrew M Miller I N THE SECOND TRIAD of Pindar's Eighth Nemean Ode, composed to celebrate a victory in the double-stade race won by Deinis of Aegina, the poet announces a rhetorical pause 09-22): ., ~, A..~ , , upra,.at keywords: ajax; andrew; argument; greek; miller; nemean; parphasis; phthonos; pindar; poet; studies; summer; supra cache: grbs-6251.pdf plain text: grbs-6251.txt item: #1316 of 1726 id: grbs-6261 author: Carson, Anne title: Wedding at Noon in Pindar’s Ninth Pythian date: 1982 words: 4312 flesch: 69 summary: 365. CARSON, ANNE, Wedding at Noon in Pindar's Ninth Pythian , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:2 (1982:Summer) p.121 ANNE CARSON 125 note of this image of blooming that links athlete and bride. Implicit in the meta­ phor of plants and blooming, explicit in the conditions of a race, the time-factor is at the heart of Pindar's analogy between brides and victors. keywords: anne; bride; greek; kyrene; marriage; noon; pindar; poem; pythian; supra; telesikrates; victory; wedding cache: grbs-6261.pdf plain text: grbs-6261.txt item: #1317 of 1726 id: grbs-6271 author: Gagarin, Michael title: The Organization of the Gortyn Law Code date: 1982 words: 9045 flesch: 61 summary: They still adhered closely to the wording of the original laws and only rarely did they alter groups of provisions to make them more systematic or orderly, though they did bring amendments together with earlier provisions into large sections and made an effort to assemble together related sections. IV 43) is particularly interesting for its organization of separate provisions. keywords: asyndeton; code; gap; gaps; gortyn; law; law code; laws; organization; provisions; section cache: grbs-6271.pdf plain text: grbs-6271.txt item: #1318 of 1726 id: grbs-6281 author: Boegehold, Alan L. title: A Dissent at Athens ca 424-421 B.C. date: 1982 words: 4947 flesch: 73 summary: 'Toil' can denote war (hardship and horrors), or battle (a glorious thing), and so 1TOVOS can be the ostensible point at issue in any speech-no matter whether for or against-where the subject is really war. The debate is similar to one that can be supposed to have taken place at Athens ca 424-421 B.C. , 7TOO~ Most Greeks knew, or at least had heard, that ponos (pain, trou­ ble, toil) was the price of greatness. keywords: alan; athenians; athens; b.c; boegehold; dissent; euripides; greek; nikias; ponos; thucydides; toil; war cache: grbs-6281.pdf plain text: grbs-6281.txt item: #1319 of 1726 id: grbs-6291 author: Wilson, Nigel title: Two Observations on Aristophanes’ Lysistrata date: 1982 words: 2980 flesch: 59 summary: Their reasons can be summed up as follows: Lysistrata's part is played by a man, it is played before an audience consisting 1 G. Murray, Aristophanes, a Study (Oxford 1933) 178; 1. The Reference to Lines 115-16 in Plato's Symposium Modern editors of Aristophanes do not seem to have noticed, or perhaps have not thought it worth recording, that the amusing exag­ geration uttered by one of Lysistrata's companions at lines 115-16 has an important analogy in Plato's Symposium (191D). keywords: aristophanes; audience; greek; lysistrata; nigel; observations; wilson cache: grbs-6291.pdf plain text: grbs-6291.txt item: #1320 of 1726 id: grbs-6301 author: Anderson, William S. title: Euripides’ Auge and Menander’s Epitrepontes date: 1982 words: 6345 flesch: 56 summary: Dos Schiedsgerichr (Berlin 1925) 170: In ihr [i.e., Auge] war auch ein Miidchen an einem Nachtfest vergewaltigt, ihr Kind war zwar nicht von ihr, sondern ihrem Vater ausgesetzt ... , und Herakles, der das Kind fand, erkannte sich als Vater durch den Ring, den er der Auge, sie dem Kinde mitgegeben hatte. Strabo implies that she entered ex machina in Auge, too, to provide an explanation for Aleus and to assure the audience that the gods had after all intervened on behalf of innocent Auge. keywords: anderson; auge; epitrepontes; euripides; heracles; lines; menander; moses; strabo; wilamowitz; william cache: grbs-6301.pdf plain text: grbs-6301.txt item: #1321 of 1726 id: grbs-631 author: Zarecki, Jonathan P. title: Pandora and the Good Eris in Hesiod date: 2007 words: 10689 flesch: 68 summary: But the Good Eris only appears in conjunction with the creation of Pandora. Others have seen nothing in the texts to indicate misogyny; the most intriguing arguments and summary of the scholarship are in A. Casanova, La famiglia di Pandora: analisi filologica dei miti di Pandora e keywords: author; days; eris; evil; good; good eris; hesiod; homeric; jar; labor; man; men; myth; opera; pandora; text; theog; theogonia; west; works; zeus; καὶ; ἄρα cache: grbs-631.pdf plain text: grbs-631.txt item: #1322 of 1726 id: grbs-6311 author: Demand, Nancy title: Plato, Aristophanes, and the Speeches of Pythagoras date: 1982 words: 2802 flesch: 53 summary: Nevertheless, someone in Ath­ ens was expressing Pythagorean ideas around 424, or Aristophanes would not have had them to mingle into his portrait of Socrates-can we reasonably assume that Socrates stayed entirely aloof from them, that he was unfairly portrayed as contaminated by these Pythagorean ideas by Aristophanes, and that Plato much later invented another Pythagoreanizing Socrates for his own purposes, knowing full well that the real Socrates had scrupulously avoided these ideas? On the other hand, those who give Speeches priority and believe that Aristophanes refers to it include Rostagni 55-56 and de Vogel (supra n.2) 143. keywords: aristophanes; ideas; plato; pythagoras; republic; socrates; speeches; supra; women cache: grbs-6311.pdf plain text: grbs-6311.txt item: #1323 of 1726 id: grbs-6321 author: MacCoull, Leslie S. B. title: The Coptic Cambyses Narrative Reconsidered date: 1982 words: 1889 flesch: 63 summary: MACCOULL, LESLIE S. B., The Coptic Cambyses Narrative Reconsidered , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:2 (1982:Summer) p.185 LESLIE S. B. MACCOULL 187 antine relations with the Merovingians in the late sixth and early seventh centuries had been warmly complex since Justin II's truce with Sigibert of Austrasia (A.D. 571-3: see Dolger, Regesten I no. 24). MACCOULL, LESLIE S. B., The Coptic Cambyses Narrative Reconsidered , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:2 (1982:Summer) p.185 The Coptic Cambyses Narrative Reconsidered Leslie S. B. MacCoull A PART FROM A FEW individual encounters with particular philo­ logical problems,l no serious attempt at reevaluation of the text known as the 'Coptic Cambyses romance' ('narrative' would be a preferable term) has been made in more than thirty years.2 Re­ search in late antique social history has made scholars more aware of the communal, and especially historiographical, ambiguities of the non-Chalcedonian Eastern Mediterranean in what are viewed as the troubled years of Justinian's successors. keywords: cambyses; coptic; greek; leslie; narrative cache: grbs-6321.pdf plain text: grbs-6321.txt item: #1324 of 1726 id: grbs-6331 author: Race, William H. title: Aspects of Rhetoric and Form in Greek Hymns date: 1982 words: 4870 flesch: 77 summary: HIS ARTICLE will explore certain formal and rhetorical features in the corpus of Greek hymns-in both poetry and prose. I focus on three aspects of Greek hymns which make rhetorical demands on the hymnist and which demonstrate the continuity of the entire tradition. keywords: apollo; apx; aspects; form; god; greek; hymn; hymnist; kat; pleasure; race; rhetoric; song; william cache: grbs-6331.pdf plain text: grbs-6331.txt item: #1325 of 1726 id: grbs-6341 author: Mosshammer, Alden A. title: The Date of the First Pythiad—Again date: 1982 words: 7768 flesch: 64 summary: Even Dio­ dorus dates by Olympiads only in Olympic years, so that the word retains its original force. MOSSHAMMER, ALDEN A., The Date of the First Pythiad - Again , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:1 (1982:Spring) p.15 The Date of the First Pythiad-Again Alden A. Mosshammer M OST HISTORIANS have long agreed that the first in the regular series of Pythian festivals celebrated every four years at Del­ phi took place in 58211. keywords: alden; date; festival; greek; kat; miller; mosshammer; olympiad; olympic; pausanias; pythiad; victory; war; year cache: grbs-6341.pdf plain text: grbs-6341.txt item: #1326 of 1726 id: grbs-6351 author: Kovacs, David title: Tyrants and Demagogues in Tragic Interpolation date: 1982 words: 9985 flesch: 69 summary: Before proceeding to these, however, I will briefly examine several other passages previously diagnosed as interpolations, passages which share a subject-matter with those I will come to later. The present study examines a number of passages in Euripides, all but one hitherto unsuspected, where lexical, grammatical, and stylis­ tic regularities are violated and which, I argue, adversely affect the logic of the context in which they stand. keywords: argument; david; demagogues; euripides; greek; hippolytus; interpolation; kovacs; lines; means; mss; p.31; passage; power; second; sense; spring; studies; tyrants; view; word cache: grbs-6351.pdf plain text: grbs-6351.txt item: #1327 of 1726 id: grbs-6361 author: Castner, Catherine J. title: Epicurean Hetairai As Dedicants to Healing Divinities? date: 1982 words: 2959 flesch: 60 summary: In addition, to judge from the extant fragments, Epicurus was fond of the comparison of spiritual trouble to physical sickness, and of philosophy to medicine.14 Several fragments testify to the sever­ ity of Epicurus' final illness; nowhere do we find approving or critical mention of healing cults, although during an illness he is said to have discussed philosophy and declined to entrust himself to the customary insolence of physicians (259). The frequency and in­ tensity of his own illnesses do not seem to have led Epicurus to con­ done healing cults or even the 'scientific' medicine of the physicians. keywords: castner; catherine; dedicants; epicurean; epicurus; healing; hetairai; school; women cache: grbs-6361.pdf plain text: grbs-6361.txt item: #1328 of 1726 id: grbs-6371 author: Croke, Brian title: The Date of the ‘Anastasian Long Wall’ in Thrace date: 1982 words: 10324 flesch: 69 summary: CROKE, BRIAN, The Date of the 'Anastasian Long Wall' in Thrace , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:1 (1982:Spring) p.59 The Date of the 'Anastasian Long Wall' in Thrace Brian Croke T HE PANEGYRIC of Procopius of Caesarea on the building activi­ ties of the emperor Justinian has had a powerful and lasting impact, doubtless far greater than its author ever anticipated. The preoccupation with Persia led to the neglect of the Balkans, and so it appears that by 626 the Anastasian Long Wall was more or less abandoned and the Avars were able to bring their army and all their heavy machinery to the walls of Constantinople without any hindrance.48 keywords: anastasian; anastasian long; brian; century; chersonese; constantinople; croke; date; greek; long; long wall; procopius; roman; spring; studies; supra; thrace; wall; zeno cache: grbs-6371.pdf plain text: grbs-6371.txt item: #1329 of 1726 id: grbs-6381 author: Epstein, Ann Wharton title: The Rebuilding and Redecoration of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople: A Reconsideration date: 1982 words: 7001 flesch: 60 summary: Manuscript illumination, affiliated Apostles churches, and ekphrases do not, then, provide enough evidence to warrant the postulation of extensive reconstruction of the Holy Apostles in the second half of the tenth century. The conclusion that the figural cycle of the Holy Apostles as de­ scribed by Nikolaos Mesarites is essentially that which was already in place in the late ninth century has a significant impact on our per­ ception of the development of Middle Byzantine church decoration. keywords: ann; apostles; byzantine; century; church; constantinople; epstein; greek; holy; krautheimer; nikolaos; rebuilding; reconsideration; redecoration; spring; studies; wharton; wharton epstein cache: grbs-6381.pdf plain text: grbs-6381.txt item: #1330 of 1726 id: grbs-6391 author: Keany, John J. title: John Lascaris and Harpocration date: 1982 words: 1409 flesch: 76 summary: KEANEY, JOHN J., John Lascaris and Harpocration , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 23:1 (1982:Spring) p.93 John Lascaris and Harpocration John J. Keaney I N 1491 AND 1492, Lascaris made two} trips to Greece to acquire manuscripts for Lorenzo de' Medici. It is thus tempting to guess that the MS. was acquired by Lascaris there. keywords: harpocration; john; lascaris; laur cache: grbs-6391.pdf plain text: grbs-6391.txt item: #1331 of 1726 id: grbs-6401 author: Devine, A. M.; Stephens, Laurence title: Bridges in the Iambographers date: 1981 words: 6640 flesch: 59 summary: Lexical word of more than two syllables ending in long 3rd anceps followed by lexical word (type eparrrr,v npaYJ.,la.:rwv, Ar. Nub. 1459). DEVINE, A. M., Bridges in the Iambographers , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:4 (1981:Winter) p.305 A. M. DEVINE AND LAURENCE D. STEPHENS 307 in general, less constrained than lexical words at a number of the bridges to be examined in this paper. keywords: a.s.s; bridge; iambographers; lexical; non; structure; test; tragedy; type; word cache: grbs-6401.pdf plain text: grbs-6401.txt item: #1332 of 1726 id: grbs-641 author: Dmitriev, Sviatoslav title: The Last Marriage and the Death of Lysimachus date: 2007 words: 5755 flesch: 73 summary: Prol. 17, Lysimachus occiso filio Agathocle per novercam Arsinoën bellum cum rege Seleuco habuit. HE DOWNFALL AND DEATH of Lysimachus (ca. keywords: agathocles; amastris; arsinoe; court; death; e.g.; geschichte; lysandra; lysimachus; marriage; ptolemy cache: grbs-641.pdf plain text: grbs-641.txt item: #1333 of 1726 id: grbs-6411 author: Andersen, Oivind title: A Note on the ‘Mortality’ of Gods in Homer date: 1981 words: 2010 flesch: 70 summary: The lesson to be learnt is not one about newer gods as opposed to earlier ones, but about gods as opposed to men. In short, Homer's picture of the divine existence does not make absurd the idea that gods may ultimately die, as is said to be the case with Ares at II. 5.388-91: keywords: ares; gods; homer; homeric; iliad; mortality cache: grbs-6411.pdf plain text: grbs-6411.txt item: #1334 of 1726 id: grbs-6421 author: O'Sullivan, James N. title: Asius and the Samians’ Hairstyle date: 1981 words: 2128 flesch: 65 summary: The inclusion of both 'brooches' and 'top­ knots' seems to be an impossible attempt to combine Bowra's interpretation of KopvliPaz with the older view; a word denot­ ing hair for avrwv is, as the text stands, impossible, and in any case 'topknots' cannot be right: it is clear from verse 5 and from the words that introduce the Asius fragment in Athenaeus/Duris (KareKreVU7/1evOl rae; KO/1ae; erri ro /1er(uppeVOV Kai roue; Wf.1 0 ve; ) that the Samians' hair was not done up in topknots. But his attachment of KOPVJ.LPaz to dress, which ignores the con­ stant association of riTTl~ with hair and with KPWPVAOC; and KO­ PVJ.LPOC; in contexts in which hairstyle is in question,8 is far from secure. keywords: asius; bowra; hair; hairstyle; james; kai; samians; text cache: grbs-6421.pdf plain text: grbs-6421.txt item: #1335 of 1726 id: grbs-6431 author: Sutton, Dana Ferrin title: Aeschylus’ Theoroi or Isthmiastai: A Reconsideration date: 1981 words: 1713 flesch: 60 summary: No less than three satyr plays by Aeschylus are now represented by significant papyrus fragments: Dictyulci, Theoroi or Isthmiastae, and a play of unknown title and subject in which Dike plays a prominent role. In a recent discussion of Theoroi Viktor Steffen has written: 12 Certum tamen est fabulam in Isthmo ad Neptuni aedes actam esse. keywords: aeschylus; games; p.oxy; play; satyrs; theoroi cache: grbs-6431.pdf plain text: grbs-6431.txt item: #1336 of 1726 id: grbs-6441 author: Harvey, F. D. title: Nubes 1493ff: Was Socrates Murdered? date: 1981 words: 2079 flesch: 77 summary: L1iWK8 is most naturally taken as an order by Strepsiades to his slave to chase Socrates and his companions. I (Dover) 9, III 27, IV 8. 339 HARVEY, F. D., Nubes 1493ff: Was Socrates Murdered? , keywords: dover; kopff; nubes; socrates; strepsiades cache: grbs-6441.pdf plain text: grbs-6441.txt item: #1337 of 1726 id: grbs-6451 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Initiative and Decision: The Separation of Powers in Fourth-Century Athens date: 1981 words: 12202 flesch: 71 summary: Admittedly discussions of the boule regularly begin with the statement that the councillors were-strictly speaking-offi­ cers of state and subject to the same rules of appointment etc. as other archai. Furthermore, the bouleutai had to be thirty years of age or more, like other archai. keywords: aeschin; archai; ath.pol; athenian; athens; boule; century; century athens; decision; dem; ecclesia; greek; hansen; herman; initiative; kai; law; mogens; nomothetai; p.345; powers; separation; studies; supra; winter cache: grbs-6451.pdf plain text: grbs-6451.txt item: #1338 of 1726 id: grbs-6461 author: Renehan, R. title: Some Passages in Plato date: 1981 words: 5684 flesch: 77 summary: Kai rOle; aAAOle; has bothered many; consequently Kai rwv aA­ AWV was printed in the Aldine edition and Badham proposed Kdv rolc; aAAOle;. Kai rov 'Epvc}J1,axov, 'DyaBi, rpaVal, [.itpl(JrorpaVeC;,] opa rl 1tOleiC; . keywords: eraipe; greek; kai; noaaaxov; p.371; passages; plato; renehan; roie; role; rov; studies; text; winter; yap cache: grbs-6461.pdf plain text: grbs-6461.txt item: #1339 of 1726 id: grbs-6471 author: Rabel, Robert J. title: Diseases of Soul in Stoic Psychology date: 1981 words: 4062 flesch: 66 summary: Yet two contradictory ac­ counts of psychic disease are presented. In his own major work on the passions of the soul Galen says little about psychic disease, remarking only at one point that anger (rov OV}lov) is a disease (wJu'l,ua) of the soul: cf Anim. keywords: aristotle; cicero; diseases; hexeis; iii; passions; pathe; pathos; psychology; robert; soul; stoics; svf cache: grbs-6471.pdf plain text: grbs-6471.txt item: #1340 of 1726 id: grbs-6481 author: Wilson, Nigel title: Miscellanea Palaeographica date: 1981 words: 4407 flesch: 67 summary: It is worth while considering whether the Byzantines had any awareness of or any part in transmitting to the West one of the most significant Oriental contributions, the use of Arabic numerals. The received view of the history of Arabic numerals in Byzantium may be summed up as follows. keywords: century; folio; greek; hand; manuscript; miscellanea; nigel; numerals; palaeographica; planudes; scribe; wilson cache: grbs-6481.pdf plain text: grbs-6481.txt item: #1341 of 1726 id: grbs-6491 author: Fuqua, Charles title: Tyrtaeus and the Cult of Heroes date: 1981 words: 6244 flesch: 58 summary: To understand how this may be the case, and how Tyrtaeus combined this appeal with his adaptation of the argument based on the prospect of glory, it is appropriate to consider some basic characteristics of hero cults. Shey, Tyrtaeus and the Art of Propaganda, Arethusa 9 (1976) 5-28; T. A. Tarkow, Tyrtaeus 9D: The Role of Poetry in the New Sparta, forthcoming in Antel. keywords: autumn; charles; cult; death; epic; fuqua; greek; heroes; n.2; p.215; poem; poetry; state; studies; supra; tyrtaeus cache: grbs-6491.pdf plain text: grbs-6491.txt item: #1342 of 1726 id: grbs-6501 author: Leopold, John W. title: Demosthenes on Distrust of Tyrants date: 1981 words: 9303 flesch: 56 summary: As is his habit in introducing an intri­ cate and abstract argument, he begins by posing a paradox which commands the attention of his audience by its very outrageous­ ness. That Demosthenes knew of such arguments from the Persian War era is proven by a passage in the Third Philippic (38), where distrust towards tyrants and barbarians is one of the statesman­ like qualities attributed to the orators and generals who overcame the wealth and power of Persia. keywords: argument; audience; demosthenes; distrust; greek; john; leopold; passage; philip; philippic; policy; speech; studies; tyrants; war cache: grbs-6501.pdf plain text: grbs-6501.txt item: #1343 of 1726 id: grbs-651 author: Gwynn, David M. title: From Iconoclasm to Arianism: The Construction of Christian Tradition in the Iconoclast Controversy date: 2007 words: 10855 flesch: 48 summary: According to Schönborn, Eusebius’ letter offered “a christological argumentation against any de- piction of Christ … No wonder, then, that Eusebius’ letter became the principal testimony for the accusers of icon devotion, and that Patriarch Nikephorus, in his defense of icon devotion, dedicated an entire book to refute Eusebius” (58). DAVID M. GWYNN 227 forward in support of their claim that the early Church did not venerate icons a letter written by Eusebius of Caesarea to Con- stantia, the half-sister of Constantine, denying her request that the bishop send to her an image of Christ. keywords: arian; arianism; athanasius; century; christ; constantine; council; eusebius; father; iconoclasm; iconophile; letter; nicaea; nikephorus; photius; polemic; son; writings cache: grbs-651.pdf plain text: grbs-651.txt item: #1344 of 1726 id: grbs-6511 author: McNamee, Kathleen title: Aristarchus and ‘Everyman’s’ Homer date: 1981 words: 4490 flesch: 73 summary: It is possIble, for example, that some sigla were added only for the sake of appearance, because the book owner fancied him­ self one of the cognoscenti familiar with Aristarchus' work, or because Aristarchan texts were fashionable in certain circles.13 In deluxe editions like P.Hawara especially we might suspect this motive, in part because it may explain how so many Aristarchan sigla came to be carelessly misplaced in papyri.14 Scribal negligence is not unusual even in carefully written texts; but it arouses suspi­ cion when slips occur in the recording of signs that conveyed the opinions of an exacting textual critic like Aristarchus. The latter, being a full-scale commentary, is naturally more expansive than marginal notes and sigla; it is also remarkable among papyrus hypomnemata on the Iliad for its testimony to Aristarchus' learning.s keywords: a.d; aristarchus; cent; homer; p.oxy; pack2; papyri; sigla cache: grbs-6511.pdf plain text: grbs-6511.txt item: #1345 of 1726 id: grbs-6521 author: Wallach, Barbara Price title: Ps.-Hermogenes and the Characterizing Oath date: 1981 words: 4999 flesch: 61 summary: Thus although Socrates' oath may be ethikos in its char­ acterization of the speaker, it still fails to meet the criteria set up by Hermogenes in his discussion of oaths. PRICE WALLACH, BARBARA, Ps.-Hermogenes and the Characterizing Oath , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:3 (1981:Autumn) p.257 Ps.-Hermogenes and the Characterizing Oath Barbara Price Wallach I N HIS Rhetorica Aristotle includes oaths among the 'inartificial' kinds of proof and gives examples of arguments for four sets of circumstances. keywords: barbara; characterizing; demosthenes; ethikos; ethos; greek; kai; methodou; oath; peri; price; ps.-hermogenes; studies; telemachus; wallach cache: grbs-6521.pdf plain text: grbs-6521.txt item: #1346 of 1726 id: grbs-6531 author: Phillips, John F. title: The Universe as Prophet: A Soteriological Formula in Plotinus date: 1981 words: 6116 flesch: 55 summary: In Gnostic terms redemption can come from sudden recog­ nition by virtue of the spoken word, whereas for Plotinus man must first contemplate the heavens before overcoming his cor­ poreal bonds. The answer must lie in Gnosticism's deprecation of the visible universe and the 'lesser gods', against which Plotinus ex­ pressly argues in 2.9.9. keywords: contemplation; cosmos; formula; gnostics; god; john; man; phillips; plotinus; prophet; revelation; soul; universe; world cache: grbs-6531.pdf plain text: grbs-6531.txt item: #1347 of 1726 id: grbs-6541 author: Richardson, N. J.; Burian, Peter title: The Epigram of Apollonius of Tyana date: 1981 words: 1468 flesch: 66 summary: Although with this reading the epigram lacks the formal balance noted by Jones, in which the first couplet describing Apollonius' activity on earth is matched by the second describing his activity 3 A parallel from a later legend of Apollonius is offered by J. Tzetzes, Exegesis in Iliadem p.93.3 Hermann. With Jones's reading one must either ignore the distinction and regard both terms as generally descriptive of Apollonius' good works, or accept the awkwardness of a heavy division between Apollonius' moral im­ provements while on earth and his expelling of men's pains when in heaven. keywords: apollonius; epigram; jones; tyana cache: grbs-6541.pdf plain text: grbs-6541.txt item: #1348 of 1726 id: grbs-6551 author: Philippides, Marios title: The Fall of Constantinople: Bishop Leonard and the Greek Accounts date: 1981 words: 6572 flesch: 58 summary: During his stay in Constantinople Melissenos must have heard tales that were in circulation about the siege of 1453; some he may have incorporated in his elaboration of Sphrantzes' Minus. PHILIPPIDES, MARIOS, The Fall of Constantinople: Bishop Leonard and the Greek Accounts , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:3 (1981:Autumn) p.287 FOR GEORGE T. ZORAS keywords: accounts; anonymous; author; bishop; bishop leonard; chronicle; constantinople; fall; greek; iii; kai; latin; leonard; letter; maius; marios; melissenos; philippides; siege; studies; supra; text cache: grbs-6551.pdf plain text: grbs-6551.txt item: #1349 of 1726 id: grbs-6561 author: Kilinski II, Karl; Dull, Clifford J. title: An Archaic Inscribed Vase Fragment from Haliartus, Boeotia date: 1981 words: 3055 flesch: 69 summary: Generally speaking, when letters are dim or in doubt, the difficulty is in discerning which strokes are caused by flaking and which by the inscriber. That is the case here and even more in respect to the omicron (?) and surrounding letters in the next line. keywords: boeotian; form; fragment; haliartus; handle; kilinski; letter; vase cache: grbs-6561.pdf plain text: grbs-6561.txt item: #1350 of 1726 id: grbs-6571 author: Race, William H. title: Pindar’s “Best Is water”: Best of What? date: 1981 words: 2988 flesch: 67 summary: The other main line of interpretation, which does not derive from the scholia6 but is followed by many recent commentators and translators, adds the genitive mivTwv, as in C. M. Bowra's Water is the best thing of all, R. Lattimore's Best of all things is water, and G. S. Conway's Best blessing of all is water.' RACE, WILLIAM H., Pindar's Best is water: Best of What? , keywords: elements; passage; pindar; priamel; race; song; water; william cache: grbs-6571.pdf plain text: grbs-6571.txt item: #1351 of 1726 id: grbs-6581 author: Rhodes, P. J. title: Notes on Voting in Athens date: 1981 words: 3947 flesch: 69 summary: Hansen prefers to think that the Athenians followed the same practice as the Swiss Landsgemeinden: that all the candidates for one tribe's place would be named, first votes would be invited for each can­ didate in turn, then the least popular in the first vote would be eliminated and votes would be invited for each of the remainder in 32 E.g., Staveley (supra n.17) 179-81. 21 Meiggs/Lewis 86.13-16 (IG P 104), restored from law apud [Dem.143.57. RHODES, P. J., Notes on Voting in Athens , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:2 (1981:Summer) p.125 P. J. RHODES 129 at their decisions by majority vote, and I should guess that from the time of Draco they voted by ballot: the Areopagus is repre­ sented as using ballots in Aeschylus' Eumenides. keywords: assembly; athens; ballot; hands; tribe; votes; voting cache: grbs-6581.pdf plain text: grbs-6581.txt item: #1352 of 1726 id: grbs-6591 author: Hill, Forbes title: The Amorality of Aristotle’s Rhetoric date: 1981 words: 7220 flesch: 58 summary: Whitney J. Oates, Aristotle and the Problem of Value (Princeton 1963) 335, states that ambivalence about questions of value is the most striking characteristic of the Rhetoric. Among those taking the view that the whole shows moral commitment are: W. Rhys Roberts, Notes on Aristotle's Rhetoric, AJP 45 (1924) 351-61 (Aristotle's object is to show how truth and justice may be aided by the effective use of public speech); Charles Sears Baldwin, Ancient Rhetoric and Poetic (New York 1924) 9 (rhetoric like logic is a means of bringing out truth, of making people see what is true and fitting); Henry W. Johnstone, The Relevance of Rhetoric to Philosophy and of Philosophy to Rhetoric, QuartJourSpeech 52 (1966) 43-55. keywords: amorality; arguments; aristotle; art; forbes; gorgias; greek; hill; kai; p.133; rhetoric; studies; subject; summer cache: grbs-6591.pdf plain text: grbs-6591.txt item: #1353 of 1726 id: grbs-6601 author: Carney, Elizabeth title: The Death of Clitus date: 1981 words: 5760 flesch: 60 summary: THE END of a long drunken quarrel, Alexander, king of Macedonia, murdered Clitus, co-commander of the aristo­ cratic Companion cavalry. Clitus, son of Dropidas, was the brother of Lanice, Alexander's be­ loved nurse (Arr. 4.9.3; Curt. keywords: alexander; berve; carney; clitus; curtius; death; elizabeth; greek; king; son; supra cache: grbs-6601.pdf plain text: grbs-6601.txt item: #1354 of 1726 id: grbs-661 author: Marston, John M. title: Language of Ritual Cursing in the Binding of Prometheus date: 2007 words: 4942 flesch: 56 summary: This paper examines the relationship between the language and imagery of these literary accounts of Prometheus’ binding and the epigraphic evidence of Greek magic, and suggests that the binding of Prometheus might have been interpreted as both physical and magical by the fifth-century Athenian audience of Prometheus Bound. The account of the binding of Prometheus in Prometheus Bound contains multiple clues suggesting to the audience aspects of a magical ritual. keywords: binding; century; curse; greek; hephaistos; kratos; language; prometheus; ritual; spell; zeus cache: grbs-661.pdf plain text: grbs-661.txt item: #1355 of 1726 id: grbs-6611 author: Stern, Jacob title: Herodas’ Mimiamb 1 date: 1981 words: 2548 flesch: 64 summary: Six times in the course of the dialogue the interlocutors swear oaths: twice (11, 66) by the Moirai, whom Rose has argued we are to understand in this context as goddesses of fertility;2 twice (69, 86) by the goddess Demeter; once (85) by Jla, probably the Mother of the gods;3 and once (32) by T~V ':4I~BW KovP1Jv, taken most natu- 1 Opinions vary: J. A. NAIRN, The Mimes of Herodas (Oxford 1904) 1, and P. GROENE­ BOOM, Les Mimiambes d'Herodas I-VI (Groningen 1922) 35, for example, assert that Metriche is wife; on the other hand, I. C. CUNNINGHAM, Herodas Mimiambi (Oxford 1971) 57, repeating a view stated in CR N.S. 15 (1965) 7 n.l, argues that she is probably a iTaipa. Metriche, sitting in her home, is visited by her old friend Gyllis; Mandris, the lover or perhaps the husband of Metriche, l has been gone for the past ten months in Egypt. keywords: cunningham; groeneboom; headlam; herodas; mandris; metriche; mimiamb; stern cache: grbs-6611.pdf plain text: grbs-6611.txt item: #1356 of 1726 id: grbs-6621 author: Jacobson, Howard title: Two Studies on Ezekiel the Tragedian date: 1981 words: 5660 flesch: 67 summary: 45 Here I wish to remark further parallels and to discuss why the OC may have made a significant impression on Ezekiel. The phrase UBAfov ~vapii.v occurs at OC 1245 shortly after Sophocles describes a man beset by troubles as smitten by waves; Ezekiel writes fjAIOC; ~vapafc; npoaijv (217) shortly before reporting the drowning of the Egyptians. keywords: evidence; exagoge; ezekiel; greek; howard; jacobson; moses; p.167; play; stage; studies; summer; supra; theatre; tragedian cache: grbs-6621.pdf plain text: grbs-6621.txt item: #1357 of 1726 id: grbs-6631 author: Cameron, Alan title: Notes on the Erotic Art of Rufinus date: 1981 words: 3257 flesch: 68 summary: CAMERON, ALAN, Notes on the Erotic Art of Rufinus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:2 (1981:Summer) p.179 Notes on the Erotic Art of Rufinus Alan Cameron I. Evpwrar:; F IRST A POEM which has been quite heroically misunderstood, Rufinus XXI (Anth. (2) 7rap8ivoc; in 1, while not necessarily certifying her virgo intacta, 1 D. L. Page, The Epigrams of Rufinus (Cambridge 1978) 92. keywords: alan; art; cameron; eurotas; girl; greek; notes; page; philip; poem; rufinus cache: grbs-6631.pdf plain text: grbs-6631.txt item: #1358 of 1726 id: grbs-6641 author: Barnes, T. D.; Vander Spoel, J. title: Julian and Themistius date: 1981 words: 1367 flesch: 59 summary: Seeck was surely close to the truth when he characterized the letter of Themistius which Julian answers as a protrepticus to the new Caesar.4 Themistius was an avowed pagan, to whom comparisons of Julian to Heracles and Dionysus came naturally: the significant aspect of the comparison may not be that Themistius mentioned pagan gods, but that he compared Julian not to Zeus, the supreme deity, but rather to two gods who playa subordinate role in the traditional pantheon.s Various features of Julian's letter also point to an early date for its composition. BARNES, T. D., Julian and Themistius , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:2 (1981:Summer) p.187 Julian and Themistius T. D. Barnes and]. keywords: caesar; julian; letter; themistius cache: grbs-6641.pdf plain text: grbs-6641.txt item: #1359 of 1726 id: grbs-6651 author: Gorecki, Danuta M. title: Land Tenure in Byzantine Property Law: iura in re aliena date: 1981 words: 9335 flesch: 55 summary: By confirming the individual ownership of farmers' shares, it definitely excluded the first alternative (posses­ sion only), which was based on the assumption of communal ownership of community land. Zacharia von Lingenthal, who viewed the community as a body of independent farmers resembling both the old Roman commune vici and the Slavic obshchina, took the arti­ cles as evidence of collective liability of a Byzantine farmer com­ munity for land taxes. keywords: aliena; art; byzantine; community; danuta; farmer; farmer community; gorecki; iura; land; land tenure; law; owner; property; property law; roman; state; taxation; taxes; treatise cache: grbs-6651.pdf plain text: grbs-6651.txt item: #1360 of 1726 id: grbs-6661 author: Frazer, R. M. title: Hesiod’s Titanomachy as an Illustration of Zielinski’s Law date: 1981 words: 1819 flesch: 58 summary: He does, however, as Zielinski noted, have references to events occurring before the action of his poems and recapitulations of earlier events within his poems, but these are presented parenthetically or put into the mouths of his char­ acters and so do not affect the forward movement of the narrative. 3 J. A.. Notopoulos, Parataxis in Homer: A New Approach to Homeric Literary Criti­ cism, TAPA 80 (1949) 1-23, and Continuity and Interconnection in Homeric Oral Composition, TAPA 82 (1951) 81-101. 5 FRAZER, R. M., Hesiod's Titanomachy as an Illustration of Zielinski's Law , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:1 (1981:Spring) p.5 6 HESIOD'S TITANOMACHY AND ZIELINSKI'S LAW cently paid so little attention to Zielinski's law, but this omission has now been repaired by Krischer.4 Krischer explains Zielinski's law in terms of the poet's ability to handle a great mass of material by what he calls the cataloguing style: a narrative is divided into different simultaneous events which are separately told to their conclusions one at a time. keywords: battle; hesiod; law; titanomachy; zielinski cache: grbs-6661.pdf plain text: grbs-6661.txt item: #1361 of 1726 id: grbs-6671 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Prosecution of Homicide in Athens: A Reply date: 1981 words: 9435 flesch: 67 summary: Kai vOf-lOV eI(JrjveYKev, eI f-liv ne; f-le()' ~f-lipav vnep nBvrrj­ Kovra ~paXf.1,ae;; KUnrol, anaywyr}v npoe;; rove; €V&K' eiVat, d M rle; vVKrwp onouv KUnrol, rovrov e~eivat Kai anoKreiVat Kai rpw(Jat b,wKovra Kai anayaYBiv roie; €v&Ka, d To exclude rpav/la from a general account of homicide law is in my opinion to give only a partial and consequently distorted picture of the Athe- 9 The only thorough discussion of JIOj1Vva()m and JIQ)j1oaia as technical terms in law is Lipsius (supra n.S) 832 n.12. keywords: aeschines; apagoge; athens; avrorpwpcp; demosthenes; dike; gagarin; greek; hansen; herman; homicide; kai; kakourgoi; law; lys; mogens; mogens herman; phonou; procedure; prosecution; relatives; reply; rwv; spring; studies; term; trial cache: grbs-6671.pdf plain text: grbs-6671.txt item: #1362 of 1726 id: grbs-6681 author: Kelly, D. H. title: Thucydides and Herodotus on the Pitanate Lochos date: 1981 words: 3926 flesch: 69 summary: WELLS, Historical Commentary on Herodotus II (Oxford 1928); G. L. HUXLEY, Early Sparta (London 1962); R. MACAN, Herodotus: Books 5-6 (London 1895); H. MICHELL, Sparta (Cambridge 1952); A. J. TOYNBEE, Some Problems in Greek History (London 1969); H. T. WADE-GERY, Essays in Greek History (Oxford 1958). KELLY, D. H., Thucydides and Herodotus on the Pitanate Lochos , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:1 (1981:Spring) p.31 Thucydides and Herodotus on the Pitanate Lochos D. H. Kelly T HUCYDIDES FLATLY DENIED that the Pitanate lochos existed or had ever existed in Sparta, referring to the belief in this and also in the casting of two votes in the gerousia by each of the Spartan kings as examples of vulgar errors about present­ day matters (1.20.3). keywords: amompharetus; greek; herodotus; hippeis; lochos; pitanate; sparta; thucydides cache: grbs-6681.pdf plain text: grbs-6681.txt item: #1363 of 1726 id: grbs-6691 author: Petropoulou, Angeliki title: The Eparche Documents and the Early Oracle at Oropus date: 1981 words: 10537 flesch: 73 summary: Line 34: nA~v omv ~ eopr:~ ei: The oldest epigraphic reference to a festival and a sacrifice (()vaiel, line 27) in honor of the god. 54 Opfer. 39 PETROPOULOU, ANGELIKI, The Eparche Documents and the Early Oracle at Oropus , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:1 (1981:Spring) p.39 40 THE EPARCHE DOCUMENTS OF OROPUS bank of the stream that runs through the sanctuary.2 The top, bottom, and left-hand sections of the stele are lost, but its right­ hand edge in the area of lines 2-8 is preserved. keywords: amphiaraus; angeliki; athens; documents; eparche; eparche documents; god; greek; inscription; kai; leonardos; letters; lines; oracle; oropus; p.39; petropoulou; priest; rov; shrine; sokolowski; spring; studies; supra; text cache: grbs-6691.pdf plain text: grbs-6691.txt item: #1364 of 1726 id: grbs-6701 author: Rajak, Tessa title: Roman Intervention in a Seleucid Siege of Jerusalem? date: 1981 words: 8438 flesch: 60 summary: Antiochus Sidetes may well have been char­ acterized by evai/lela; but the historians protest too much. Tessa Rajak I N THE ANNALS of the decline of the Seleucid dynasty, the reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (139-129 B.C.) is seen as a period of partial, if abortive, revival. keywords: antiochus; diodorus; greek; hyrcanus; intervention; jerusalem; jews; josephus; rajak; rome; seleucid; sidetes; siege; spring; studies; tessa; vii; war cache: grbs-6701.pdf plain text: grbs-6701.txt item: #1365 of 1726 id: grbs-671 author: Niehoff, Maren R. title: Did the Timaeus Create a Textual Community? date: 2007 words: 11801 flesch: 58 summary: More recent work testifies to an increasing interest in the role of the Timaeus in Hellenistic times: G. J. Reydams-Schils (ed.), Plato’s Timaeus as a Cultural Icon (Notre Dame 2003); R. W. Sharples and A. Sheppard (eds.), Ancient Ap- proaches to Plato’s Timaeus (London 2003); H. Tarrant and D. Baltzly (eds.), Reading Plato in Antiquity (London 2006). In the fragments of his commentary on the Timaeus Porphyry twice comments at length on references to prayer in Plato’s text. keywords: aristotle; celsus; christian; community; cosmos; creation; god; greek; identity; interpretation; new; niehoff; pagan; philo; plato; plutarch; porphyry; text; timaeus cache: grbs-671.pdf plain text: grbs-671.txt item: #1366 of 1726 id: grbs-6711 author: Oliver, James H. title: Civic Status in Roman Athens: Cicero, Pro Balbo 12.30 date: 1981 words: 2752 flesch: 62 summary: OLIVER, JAMES H., Civic Status in Roman Athens: Cicero, Pro Balbo 12.30 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:1 (1981:Spring) p.83 Civic Status in Roman Athens: Cicero, Pro Balbo 12.30 tJames H. Oliver I Further discussion and 83 OLIVER, JAMES H., Civic Status in Roman Athens: Cicero, Pro Balbo 12.30 , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 22:1 (1981:Spring) p.83 keywords: areopagites; athens; cicero; numero; oliver; roman; status cache: grbs-6711.pdf plain text: grbs-6711.txt item: #1367 of 1726 id: grbs-6721 author: Snipes, Kenneth title: A Letter of Michael Psellus to Constantine the Nephew of Michael Cerularios date: 1981 words: 9982 flesch: 63 summary: For Psellos' letters of friendship see F. Tinnefeld, Freundschaft in den Briefen des Michael Psellos, JOB 22 (1973) 151-68. In the case of the third and fifth letters, however, both scholars have been misled by slight differ­ ences between the word order of their incipits and the incipits of letters 1 and 84 in the large collection of Psellos' letters edited by Sathas. keywords: byzantine; cerularios; college; constantine; ed.pr; epistolarion; folios; greek; group; kai; kenneth; korydaleus; letter; manuscript; michael; michael cerularios; michael psellus; nephew; p.89; paris; parisinus; psellos; romanos; scribe; snipes; spring; studies; supra; text; trinity cache: grbs-6721.pdf plain text: grbs-6721.txt item: #1368 of 1726 id: grbs-6731 author: Scodel, Ruth title: Hesiod Redivivus date: 1980 words: 8873 flesch: 67 summary: The dream of second life is placed between the chorus' statements about old age, their personal burden, and their self-presentation in the second strophe. Hesiod, warned by an oracle of danger at a place sacred to Zeus Nif.1clOC;, avoided Nemea in the Peloponnese, only to be murdered at another site sacred to Nemean Zeus by two brothers who believed he had seduced their sister. keywords: age; burkert; chorus; death; epigram; euripides; hades; heracles; hesiod; homer; kai; legend; life; metempsychosis; pindar; poem; poet; proverb; rejuvenation; ruth; scodel; second; story; supra; tradition; und; youth cache: grbs-6731.pdf plain text: grbs-6731.txt item: #1369 of 1726 id: grbs-6741 author: Knox, Bernard M. W. title: Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannos 446: Exit Oedipus? date: 1980 words: 5127 flesch: 66 summary: Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannos 446: Exit Oedipus? 321 Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannos 446: Exit Oedipus? keywords: audience; exit; fact; jocasta; oedipus; play; prophecy; scene; sophocles; speech; stage; taplin; tiresias cache: grbs-6741.pdf plain text: grbs-6741.txt item: #1370 of 1726 id: grbs-6751 author: Westlake, H. D. title: Thucydides, Brasidas, and Clearidas date: 1980 words: 2795 flesch: 55 summary: To deal first with (A), it is very questionable whether Thucydides can have been at Amphipolis immediately before the battle there in which Brasidas was mortally wounded. Although it is highly improbable for the reasons given above that Thucydides was at Amphipolis at the time of the battle and so in a position to have consulted Brasidas until shortly before it began, the possibility ought not perhaps to be wholly excluded. keywords: amphipolis; battle; brasidas; clearidas; thucydides cache: grbs-6751.pdf plain text: grbs-6751.txt item: #1371 of 1726 id: grbs-6761 author: Mansfeld, Jaap title: Plato and the Method of Hippocrates date: 1980 words: 10328 flesch: 63 summary: Meteorologia, though Plato puns (19 n.5), means 'discours eJeves'. For in the introductory para­ graph to the section on Hippocrates Plato, I believe, spares no pains to suggest that, in the present context, the reference to the 'whole' is limited to what a Presocratic thinker intended when he spoke of nature. keywords: body; case; corpus; division; environment; hippocrates; joly; medicine; meno; method; nature; passage; phaedrus; plato; soul; study; supra; theory; view; works cache: grbs-6761.pdf plain text: grbs-6761.txt item: #1372 of 1726 id: grbs-6771 author: Kadletz, Edward title: The Race and Procession of the Athenian Oscophoroi date: 1980 words: 3783 flesch: 73 summary: ou yap ana(Jae;; au'l'OV i~ayayeiv rae;; Aaxov(Jae;; UJre nap{}evove;;, dAAa rwv (JVVtl{}wv Veavf(JKWV 0150 {}1JAvqJaveir; j.1eV oqJ{}ijvaz Kai veapove;;, dvbpwbeie;; be raie;; 'l'vxaie;; Kai npo{}Vj.10Ve;, Aovrpoie; re {}epj.1oie; Kai (JKzurporpfaze;; Kai Tale; nepi r~v KOj.1V Kai Aelorra Kai XPOlaV dAolqJaie;; Kai KO(Jj.1tl(Je(Jlv we;; e(Jnv i~aAAa~avra K0j.110tj, Kai oloa~avra rpwv~v Kai (Jxtlj.1a Kai paOIO'lV wr; [Vl j.1aAIO'Ta nap{}evOle;; 0j.101OV(J{}at Kai j.1oev rpafve(J{}az ozuqJep0 vrae;; , ej.1paAeiv dr; rov rwv nap{}evwv dpl{}j.10V, Kai ozuAa{}eiv anavrae;' inei oe inavijA{}eV, aurov re nOj.1nev(Jat Kai rovr; veavf(JKOVr; ovrwe; dj.1nexo­ j.1ivove;; we;; vvv dj.1nexovrat rove; w(Jxove;; rpepovree;;. rpepov(J1 fl.epel nap' eKaripwv oarl(; Karaarrjael roe; waKorpopoe; Kai rae; t5emvorpopoe; fl.era riie; z'e­ peiac; Kai ro KrjPVKOC; Kara ra narpla ... . . . keywords: aristodemos; athena; athenian; dionysus; festival; grape; jacoby; kai; oscophoria; procession; proclus; race; skiras; temple cache: grbs-6771.pdf plain text: grbs-6771.txt item: #1373 of 1726 id: grbs-6781 author: Jones, C. P. title: Prosopographical Notes on the Second Sophistic date: 1980 words: 3048 flesch: 77 summary: The first initial must stand for Titus, S which is rarely combined with Claudius, and suggests that Diony­ sius was originally a T. Flavius adopted into a family of Claudii. 378 PROSOPOGRAPHICAL NOTES single Flavius Amphicles, and to identify him with the pupil of Herodes, a wealthy man of Chalcis who after his study of rhetoric busied himself with public affairs and his private wealth, and had leanings to Judaism. keywords: amphicles; attalus; flavius; jones; polemo; son; supra; thespiae cache: grbs-6781.pdf plain text: grbs-6781.txt item: #1374 of 1726 id: grbs-6791 author: Wortley, John title: The Trier Ivory Reconsidered date: 1980 words: 6138 flesch: 64 summary: 12 Saint Melania junior died in 439; she is reported to have deposited relics of Saint JOHN WORTLEY 385 a church of Saint Stephen (of which there was already one in the capital by 400),13 but of Saint Laurence? This is all the more remarkable because, on the other hand, there is adequate early testimony of the importation of relics of Saint Stephen later in the reign of Theodosius II, in A.D. 439, and of their deposition in a church of Pulcheria's building. keywords: century; church; constantinople; ivory; jerusalem; pulcheria; relics; saint; saint stephen; stephen; theophanes; translation; trier cache: grbs-6791.pdf plain text: grbs-6791.txt item: #1375 of 1726 id: grbs-6801 author: Smith, Ole L. title: The A Commentary on Aeschylus: Author and Date date: 1980 words: 2074 flesch: 70 summary: 398 THE A COMMENTARY ON AESCHYLUS large scale. This scho­ lium consists almost exclusively of extracts from Eustathius' long­ winded commentary on Iliad 5.722-32, p.597.40ff (II 178ff van der Valk). keywords: aeschylus; commentary; eustathius; kai; mss; scholia; tzetzes cache: grbs-6801.pdf plain text: grbs-6801.txt item: #1376 of 1726 id: grbs-681 author: Rance, Philip title: The Etymologicum Magnum and the “Fragment of Urbicius” date: 2007 words: 12910 flesch: 62 summary: ταξίαρχοι καὶ οὐραγοὶ καὶ μυρίαρχοι καὶ χιλίαρχοι καὶ λοχαγοὶ καὶ ἑκατατόνταρχοι καὶ δεκάδαρχοι καὶ πεμπά- δαρχοι, καὶ τῶν ἱππέων ἵππαρχοι καὶ φύλαρχοι. τηγίᾳ μὲν ἐκλαμψάντων, ἀρετῇ δὲ καὶ φρονήσει βιωσάντων βασιλικῶς, ἤτοι Βρούτοι καὶ Κάτωνες, Ἀντώνιοί τε καὶ Ἀννίβαι, Ἀδριανοὶ καὶ Τραϊανοί, Πομπήϊοί τε καὶ Οὐρβίκιοι καὶ πᾶς ἄλλος βασιλικὸς χορὸς ἀνδραγαθίᾳ καὶ χάριτι κλεϊζόμενος (“Here indeed is another full list of the best emperors who were distinguished for their generalship, or those who with virtue and prudence have lived in the manner of emperors, all the Brutuses and Catos, Antonys and Hannibals, Hadrians and Trajans, Pompeys and Urbiciuses, and the all the rest of the imperial chorus celebrated for their courage and generosity”). keywords: army; arrian; author; byzantine; century; commander; dain; des; etym.magn; etymologicum; fragment; genuinum; magnum; military; rance; reitzenstein; sources; tactica; tacticon; text; tradition; urbicius; work; καὶ; στρατός; τοῦ; τῶν; ἀνδρῶν; ὁ τῶν cache: grbs-681.pdf plain text: grbs-681.txt item: #1377 of 1726 id: grbs-6811 author: Nabors, Ned; Wiltshire, Susan Ford title: The Athena Temple at Paestum and Pythagorean Theory date: 1980 words: 3994 flesch: 68 summary: Calculations from the dimensions of other temples yield similar fractional numbers. Our attempts to identify other Greek temples, western or mainland, which show the same sort of planning around Pythagorean concepts have been completely unsuccessful. keywords: athena; doric; feet; paestum; pythagorean; temple; triangle cache: grbs-6811.pdf plain text: grbs-6811.txt item: #1378 of 1726 id: grbs-6821 author: Ketterer, Robert C. title: Stripping in the Parabasis of Acharnians date: 1980 words: 1897 flesch: 70 summary: If it were, this could be only for the dura­ tion of the anapests, for in the song-speech pair the chorus is still a group of old Acharnians, invoking their Acharnian Muse and arguing for the aged veterans who are their contemporaries (ot yipovrec; ot' naAalOi J.1.eJ.Up0J.1.ea{}a rij nOAel, 676).6 ROBERT C. KETTERER 221 raphy required rhetorical gesture to match the rhetorical content and purpose of the anapestic section of the para basis. keywords: acharnians; anapests; chorus; dance; parabasis; stripping cache: grbs-6821.pdf plain text: grbs-6821.txt item: #1379 of 1726 id: grbs-6831 author: Cole, Susan Guettel title: New Evidence for the Mysteries of Dionysos date: 1980 words: 7453 flesch: 65 summary: New Evidence for the Mysteries of Dionysos GUETTEL COLE, SUSAN Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Fall 1980; 21, 3; Periodicals Archive Online pg. 223 New Evidence for the Mysteries of Dionysos keywords: bakchos; burkert; carratelli; century; cult; dionysiac; dionysos; euripides; evidence; hipponion; initiation; mysteries; person; second; supra; tablet; term; west; worshippers; zuntz cache: grbs-6831.pdf plain text: grbs-6831.txt item: #1380 of 1726 id: grbs-6841 author: Huxley, George title: Arsinoe Lokris date: 1980 words: 2311 flesch: 73 summary: The queen was identified with Aphrodite: she received a dedication as Aphrodite Akraia Arsinoe and the sanctuary at Cape Zephyrion was dedicated to her as Aphrodite Zephyritis. 7 239 Arsinoe Lokris George Huxley T keywords: aphrodite; arsinoe; berenike; evening; lock; star; supra; zephyrion cache: grbs-6841.pdf plain text: grbs-6841.txt item: #1381 of 1726 id: grbs-6851 author: Ladouceur, David J. title: Masada: A Consideration of the Literary Evidence date: 1980 words: 6907 flesch: 62 summary: When the choice of suicide or surrender confronted Josephus as commander at Jotapata, he chose surrender; Eleazar at Masada chose death. Perhaps the 'unfortunate Jew' was conscience-stricken or genuinely overwhelmed by the heroism of the people he betrayed, Yigael Yadin, the excavator of Masada, has suggested.5 Yet nowhere else in the Bellum does Josephus seem in any way sympathetic toward the Sicarii. keywords: account; cato; david; death; defenders; der; eleazar; evidence; god; josephus; ladouceur; masada; military; roman; rome; sense; sicarii; speech; suicide; supra; titus cache: grbs-6851.pdf plain text: grbs-6851.txt item: #1382 of 1726 id: grbs-6861 author: Duffy, John title: Philologica Byzantina date: 1980 words: 3138 flesch: 71 summary: In the Sinai copy (which is quoted here) the treatise takes up folios 311 r_324v and has the title: L'vvaywy~ Kai I!K(}UJlr; rwv dyiwv nauwv uvv6bwv OiKOVjJ£VIKWV re Kai romKwv, onov re Kai nore Kai bHi ri Kai Ka(}' afar; aipeuewr; eKaur'1 UVV1'/()pOIU()1!, Kai ri uvv aYlrp nverJp,an blwpluaro, eni nOlwv re paUl).twv Kai dYlwv uvve­ Kporrj8'1 narepwv, UVVOn!lKWr; uaqJ'1vi(ovua. The same council is also the subject of a short notice in the so­ called Synodicon Vetus: npf.1iaba~ ovv av81~ tv KwvaravrlvovnoAel 8eiav Kai tepav t~aniarelAe auvobov, Kai ra tv XaAKYfOOVl bOYf.1aTl­ a8tvra keywords: cyril; ephraim; george; john; kai; manuscripts; supra; text cache: grbs-6861.pdf plain text: grbs-6861.txt item: #1383 of 1726 id: grbs-6871 author: Treadgold, Warren T. title: Notes on the Numbers and Organization of the Ninth-Century Byzantine Army date: 1980 words: 8806 flesch: 69 summary: The term 'theme', in contrast, refers both to the provincial army corps and to the province in which the corps was stationed; the commander of a theme, the strategus, was both gen­ eral of the corps and military governor of its province. Some prov­ inces did not formally rank as themes and were commanded and governed not by strategi but by cleisurarchs, archons, or dukes. keywords: army; byzantine; century; list; officers; oikonomides; philotheus; qudamah; read; supra; tacticon; tagmata; theme; turmarchs cache: grbs-6871.pdf plain text: grbs-6871.txt item: #1384 of 1726 id: grbs-6881 author: Mosshammer, Alden A. title: The Barberini Manuscript of Georgius Syncellus (Vat. Barb. Gr. 227) date: 1980 words: 3061 flesch: 70 summary: AR: AIO(J'1l0A1TWV B II 123.11lponi./;el AR: (J'vvui/;el B II 148.4 TO OV AR: up OV'll B II 149.5 EVTVXIOC; The same phenomenon occurs on f.308\ where Barb. reads at 627.17 llavAov Kai EiAa, the line corresponding to an imperfection in the parchment on page 98 of Paris 1711. keywords: barb; barberini; century; copyist; manuscript; paris; syncellus; text cache: grbs-6881.pdf plain text: grbs-6881.txt item: #1385 of 1726 id: grbs-6891 author: Renehan, R. title: On the Greek Origins of the Concepts Incorporeality and Immateriality date: 1980 words: 15941 flesch: 65 summary: npoarjKez, AeKriov 'IIvxrjv-rouro be doparov, nup be Kai iJbwp Kai yij Kai ar,p aW/-lara navra opara yiyovev. Empedocles' principles of Love and Strife are too little differentiated in nature from his four material pI(wllara­ so for instance fr.1 7.18 - 20: nvp Kai vl5wp Kai yafa Kai spos anAerov V'l'Os, I N elKOs r' OVAOlleVOV keywords: air; anaxagoras; aristotle; body; century; claudianus; concepts; existence; fact; fragment; gomperz; greek; guthrie; immateriality; incorporeality; isocrates; kai; man; material; matter; melissus; nature; new; notion; passage; philolaus; philosophy; plato; pythagoreans; renehan; rwv; sense; soul; supra; things; thought; way; word; yap cache: grbs-6891.pdf plain text: grbs-6891.txt item: #1386 of 1726 id: grbs-6901 author: Hogan, John T. title: The ἀξίωσις of Words at Thucydides 3.82.4 date: 1980 words: 4978 flesch: 68 summary: If he had used eKA~B1J, this would have supported Dionysius' interpretation: deeds were called by new words (a change in referent). [Greek] of Words at Thucydides 3.82.4 Hogan, John T Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1980; 21, 2; Periodicals Archive Online pg. keywords: axiosis; change; classen; deeds; kai; meaning; men; new; praise; right; socrates; stasis; thucydides; words cache: grbs-6901.pdf plain text: grbs-6901.txt item: #1387 of 1726 id: grbs-691 author: Thonemann, P. title: Magnesia and the Greeks of Asia (I.Magnesia 16.16) date: 2007 words: 3803 flesch: 64 summary: A Pharsalan victor in the Olympic pankration of the later fourth century was the “first from the land of Thessaly” to have won this particular contest; in the same period, an individual claims to be the “first of the Cretans” to have been victorious at the Nemea.16 Instances relating to individual cities are very numerous in the Hellenistic and Roman Imperial periods.17 Such claims were not neces- sarily only a matter of civic pride. As we have recently been reminded in a useful study of the institutions of the Leucophryena,1 status as “crowned” games was not a decision the host city could make for itself; stephanitic status was conditional on being recognised as such by other cities. keywords: asia; b.c; century; cities; city; contest; festival; greeks; magnesia; stephanitic; und; καὶ cache: grbs-691.pdf plain text: grbs-691.txt item: #1388 of 1726 id: grbs-6911 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Seven Hundred Archai in Classical Athens date: 1980 words: 11272 flesch: 72 summary: There may have been many boards replaced in the fourth century by other magistrates; we do not know. Moreover, my list of magis­ trates omitted by Aristotle is based on fragmentary sources, and it is reasonable to assume that the Athenians had many more boards of magistrates than those referred to in the preserved sources. keywords: aeschin; age; archai; arche; aristotle; ath.pol; athenian; athens; board; century; citizens; council; councillors; dem; hansen; kai; lot; magistrates; office; officials; rwv; sources cache: grbs-6911.pdf plain text: grbs-6911.txt item: #1389 of 1726 id: grbs-6921 author: Eckstein, A. M. title: Polybius on the Rôle of the Senate in the Crisis of 264 B.C. date: 1980 words: 8021 flesch: 61 summary: The same position is taken by translators: so E. S. SHU C K BUR G H, The Histories of Polybius I (London/New York 1889); W. R. PATON, Polybius: The Histories, I (Cam­ bridge [Mass.] 1922: LCL); M. H. CHAMBERS, Polybius: The Histories (New York 1966); P. PEDECH, According to Polybius, the Roman Senate became deadlocked over the question whether to aid the Mamertines (1.11.1; cr. 1.10.3 and 10.9): for the arguments presented in the Senate in favor of intervention in Sicily seemed to be balanced by the arguments I A useful summary of the issues can be found in F. Hampl, Zur Vorgeschichte des ersten und zweiten punischen Krieges, ANR W 1.1 (Berlin keywords: 1.11.1; consultum; debate; decision; intervention; majority; means; messana; noaaoi; people; polybius; roman; senate; senatorial; senatus; sicily; supra; war cache: grbs-6921.pdf plain text: grbs-6921.txt item: #1390 of 1726 id: grbs-6931 author: Barnes, T. D. title: The Editions of Eusebius’ Ecclesiastical History date: 1980 words: 4580 flesch: 61 summary: 2 A. Harnack, Chronologie der altchristlichen Litteratur bis Eusebius II (Leipzig 1904) I11ff; E. Schwartz, Eusebius Werke 11.3 (GCS IX.3, 1909) xlvii ff; H. J. Lawlor, Eusebiana (Oxford 1912) 243ff; H. J. Lawlor and J. E. L. Oulton, Eusebius: The Ecclesiastical History II (London 1928) HE 8.2.2f}.17 It seems an inescapable inference that at some stage Eusebius in­ tended the short recension of the Martyrs of Palestine to stand between the passages which now constitute the beginning and the end of Book Eight of the Ecclesiastical History.1s III keywords: book; constantine; edition; eusebius; history; licinius; martyrs; palestine; recension; short cache: grbs-6931.pdf plain text: grbs-6931.txt item: #1391 of 1726 id: grbs-6941 author: Newton, Rick M. title: Hippolytus and the Dating of Oedipus Tyrannus date: 1980 words: 8042 flesch: 63 summary: Hippolytus says that his father's words are unseated from his mind (EtE8pOL c/>PEVWV, 935), just as Creon wonders if Oedipus delivered his charge from a right mind (Et op8ijc c/>PEVOC, 528). Theseus accuses Hippolytus of being obviously guilty of the charge of rape (EfJ-c/>avwc KaKLcToc WV, 945), and Oedipus claims that Creon is obviously the murderer of Laius (c/>OVEVC WV ••. EfJ-c/>avwc, 534). keywords: agon; creon; death; echoes; euripides; hippolytus; kalyptomenos; oedipus; phaedra; play; scene; son; sophocles; speech; theseus; tyrannus; youth cache: grbs-6941.pdf plain text: grbs-6941.txt item: #1392 of 1726 id: grbs-6951 author: Carney, Elizabeth D. title: Alexander the Lyncestian: The Disloyal Opposition date: 1980 words: 5202 flesch: 57 summary: Apparently the continued support of Lyncestian Alexander was also valuable: he was first governor of Thrace and later commander of the important Thes­ salian cavalry (Arr. 1.25.2).21 19 Bosworth 105 and J. R. Ellis, Amyntas Perdikka, Philip II, and Alexander the Great, ]HS 91 (1971) 24, think Alexander was foolish to risk Upper Macedonian unrest oy the executions; but whether or not Alexander was responsible for his father's death, he needed plausible scapegoats, and plausible candidates were likely to be important. Both Arrian (1.25.1-2) and Curtius (7.1.6-7) allude to Philip's death and to the Lyncestian brothers while narrating the arrest of Lyncestian Alexander, which occurred considerably later. keywords: aeropus; alexander; death; king; lyncestian; parmenio; philip; son cache: grbs-6951.pdf plain text: grbs-6951.txt item: #1393 of 1726 id: grbs-6961 author: McGing, B. C. title: Appian, Manius Aquillius, and Phrygia date: 1980 words: 3802 flesch: 64 summary: For he may unwittingly have got things right in this case-unwittingly because, as we saw, the recipient of Phrygia is not named, and given the confusion elsewhere it is quite possible that here too Appian is thinking of Mithridates Eupator and the younger Manius. Appian, Manius Aquillius, and Phrygia McGing, B C Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1980; 21, 1; Periodicals Archive Online pg. 35 Appian, Manius Aquillius, and Phrygia B. C. McGing T HE CHANGING STATUS of Phrygia towards the end of the second century B.C. has demonstrated great flexibility as a piece of evidence, being responsible for, or finding a place in, numerous theories concerning Rome and her provinces. keywords: appian; eupator; manius; mithridates; phrygia; roman; rome; supra; war cache: grbs-6961.pdf plain text: grbs-6961.txt item: #1394 of 1726 id: grbs-6971 author: Cameron, Alan title: The Garland of Philip date: 1980 words: 7972 flesch: 67 summary: Philip II (Anth. [hereafter, COW AND PAGE], whose numbering and translations of Garland poems are given here. 43 44 THE GARLAND OF PHILIP the (future) emperor Tiberius. keywords: a.d; anth.pal; antiphilus; augustus; caesar; cichorius; claudius; emperor; epigrams; gaius; garland; gow; nero; page; philip; poem; thallus; tiberius cache: grbs-6971.pdf plain text: grbs-6971.txt item: #1395 of 1726 id: grbs-6981 author: Sansone, David title: Plutarch, Alexander, and the Discovery of Naphtha date: 1980 words: 5482 flesch: 65 summary: In the case of Lysander, for instance, Plutarch shows us the Spartan general attempting to transcend his innate melancholy by redirecting (we might almost here speak of 'sublimating') his tendency toward cupidity for the benefit of his homeland.20 Similarly Alexander must 8ul71vpo£ 70710£); if. Yet in ch.35 Plutarch makes a lengthy digression on the nature of naphtha, occasioned by its discovery by Alexander's men when they reached Babylon. keywords: alexander; anger; character; explanation; fire; forster; kat; life; man; naphtha; nature; plutarch; supra cache: grbs-6981.pdf plain text: grbs-6981.txt item: #1396 of 1726 id: grbs-6991 author: Oliver, James H. title: Achaia, Greece, and Laconica date: 1980 words: 3102 flesch: 61 summary: Hence 'Hellas' (Graecia) evidently could take on for a commercial man such as our author the special meaning of old free cities and leagues which were not part of Achaia.7 Laconica is more difficult. If so, this supplies one more indication (A.D. 359/60) of a later than pretended date for the HA, and the Expositio Totius Mundi et Gentium should be added to the sources listed by T. D. Barnes, though only for one passage, the bold invention of Tac. 18.12 BALTIMORE, MARYLAND January, 1980 12 The Sources of the Historia Augusta (ColI. Latomus 155, 1978). keywords: achaia; athens; author; cities; corinth; expositio; greece; laconica; province; rouge; tac cache: grbs-6991.pdf plain text: grbs-6991.txt item: #1397 of 1726 id: grbs-7001 author: Bolter, Jay title: Friedrich August Wolf and the Scientific Study of Antiquity date: 1980 words: 7192 flesch: 61 summary: Friedrich August Wolf and the Scientific Study of Antiquity Bolter, Jay Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1980; 21, 1; Periodicals Archive Online pg. Friedrich Wolf claimed all of these scientific qualities for his Altertumswissenschaft. keywords: antiquity; august; century; classics; friedrich; german; knowledge; method; new; science; study; wolf cache: grbs-7001.pdf plain text: grbs-7001.txt item: #1398 of 1726 id: grbs-701 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Ekklesia Synkletos in Classical Athens and the Ekklesiai Held in the Eighth Prytany of 347/6 date: 2007 words: 14613 flesch: 74 summary: Deviations from this schedule were caused by, for example, coincidence of festivals with meeting days of the assembly. 16 and 18 to be ordinary meetings, whereas the meeting on Elaph. keywords: aeschin; aischines; boule; day; days; decree; demosthenes; ekklesia; ekklesia synkletos; elaph; hansen; harris; meeting; period; pryt; prytany; synkletos; year cache: grbs-701.pdf plain text: grbs-701.txt item: #1399 of 1726 id: grbs-7011 author: Gagarin, Michael title: The Prosecution of Homicide in Athens date: 2011 words: 10667 flesch: 62 summary: 301 The Prosecution of Homicide in Athens Michael Gagarin BEFORE the publication of D. M. MacDowell's Athenian Homicide Law in the Age of the Orators 1 there had been general agreement among scholars for about a century concerning the prosecution of homicide cases in Athens: the regular procedure of StKYJ 4>6vov was available only to relatives of a homicide victim (or to the master of a slave) ; no ypa4>~ 4>6vov existed; and under special circumstances the relatives might use a special procedure, apagoge, to prosecute a homicide.2 Against this consensus MacDowell argued first (12-22) that StKat 4>6vov could be brought by others than the relatives (or master) of the victim, and secondly (133-35) that a ypa4>~ 4>6vov in connection with an apagoge could be brought by anyone (in theory at least). 308 THE PROSECUTION OF HOMICIDE IN ATHENS their advice and his decision that the trier arch provides some evidence for the law concerning prosecution in homicide cases. keywords: apagoge; athens; case; death; dem; evidence; homicide; law; procedure; prosecution; relatives; statement; trierarch; victim cache: grbs-7011.pdf plain text: grbs-7011.txt item: #1400 of 1726 id: grbs-7021 author: Thompson, Wesley E. title: More on the Prytaneion Decree date: 2011 words: 2055 flesch: 66 summary: Noting that horse racing was an aristocratic pastime, Morrissey suggests (124) that democratic opposition towards the granting of sitesis to hippie victors could well have become serious enough to warrant an explicit restatement of their rights in our decree. If all victors receive maintenance, it is pointless to say that hippie victors shall receive the same thing. keywords: decree; future; maintenance; morrissey; prytaneion; victors cache: grbs-7021.pdf plain text: grbs-7021.txt item: #1401 of 1726 id: grbs-7031 author: Dow, Sterling title: Thrasyphon Hierokleidou Xypetaion date: 2011 words: 6187 flesch: 78 summary: Estimates of the number of letters missing at the begin­ nings of lines depend on the restoration of line 42. Line 20 is exceptional: in order to inscribe the end of the text on that line, rather than leave a few letters for a new line, the mason crowded the letters so that line 20 has 38 (full) letters. keywords: arkhon; b.c; decree; dow; hierokleidou; kirchner; letters; line; supra; thrasyphon cache: grbs-7031.pdf plain text: grbs-7031.txt item: #1402 of 1726 id: grbs-7041 author: Renehan, Robert title: Acts 17.28 date: 2011 words: 3058 flesch: 78 summary: For it is an easy matter to produce comparable 9 Toup conjectured X>..wpov T€ Kat {3M1TOVTa on the basis of Hesychius: X>..wpOv TE Kat (3M1TOVLAococpoc tCTopta en quatre livres ecrite par Ie philosophe neoplatonicien Porphyre 4 dans la seconde moitie du IIIe siecle apres J.C. et les Successions des philosophes composees par Sotion d' 161 Eunape et ses devanciers: A propos de Vitae Sophistarum p.5.4-17 G. Richard Goulet LINTRODUCTION des Vies des philosophes et des sophistes d'Eunape de Sardes1 comporte un developpement en deux parties (pp.2.14- 4.8; p.5.4-17) sur les periodes de l'histoire passee de la philosophie et de la rhetorique. keywords: apres; avec; cette; claude; comme; dans; des; deux; est; eunape; giangrande; kat; les; mais; moisson; par; pas; periode; philosophes; porphyre; pour; que; qui; regne; sotion; une; vie; vollebrecht cache: grbs-7211.pdf plain text: grbs-7211.txt item: #1423 of 1726 id: grbs-7221 author: Roueché, Charlotte title: A New Inscription from Aphrodisias and the Title πατὴρ τῆς πόλεως date: 1979 words: 5380 flesch: 68 summary: Tac X€ipuc: for this standard rhetorical cliche applied to governors, see Robert, Hellenica IV 38-39, and 1. Just. 8.51.3.3 (529): concerning the protection of rights of abandoned children, entrusted to governors and episcopis nec non officiis praesidalibus et patribus et defensoribus civitatum et omni civili auxilio. keywords: aphrodisias; bullep; century; cities; city; cross; evidence; governor; hellenica; inscription; jones; kat; new; robert; tov cache: grbs-7221.pdf plain text: grbs-7221.txt item: #1424 of 1726 id: grbs-7231 author: Lefkowitz, Mary R. title: The Euripides Vita date: 1979 words: 11506 flesch: 73 summary: What happens to Euripides happens with remarkable frequency and symmetry to other poets. Of the several accounts of his death, it picks the one that emphasizes his isola tion; no reference is made (as in the Suda) to a plot against Euripides by other poets, or to a love affair with Archelaus' house­ keeper (Hermesianax 7.66), or to dying of old age (Adaeus AP 7.51 = Garl. keywords: aeschylus; anecdotes; aristophanes; athens; biography; century; death; dogs; euripides; fr.39; greek; lefkowitz; macedonia; man; op.cit; pindar; poet; poetry; satyrus; sophocles; story; supra; vita; women cache: grbs-7231.pdf plain text: grbs-7231.txt item: #1425 of 1726 id: grbs-7241 author: Ostwald, Martin title: Diodotus, Son of Eucrates date: 1979 words: 4106 flesch: 65 summary: In other words, Diodotus' point in the state­ ment under discussion is that public officials must take a long-range view in urging a particular course of action before the Assembly because it is they who will have to implement what is voted and it is they who will have to submit to an accounting for their official acts when they lay down their office. We noted already that Cleon's innuendo that Diodotus was bribed (3.38.2) to speak in behalf of the Mytileneans is unlikely to be a veiled threat to use against him an eisangelia procedure which could be employed against bribed speakers in the fourth century. keywords: assembly; athenian; century; cleon; diodotus; gomme; ibid; official; passage; speaker; thucydides cache: grbs-7241.pdf plain text: grbs-7241.txt item: #1426 of 1726 id: grbs-7251 author: Green, Peter title: Strepsiades, Socrates and the Abuses of Intellectualism date: 1979 words: 4735 flesch: 62 summary: Plato's immediate object in both cases was to discredit the 1 See A. W. H. Adkins, Clouds, Mysteries, Socrates and Plato, Antichthon 4 (1970) 13-24, where it is argued convincingly that Socrates employed initiation-language in philosophical discussion and further that Aristophanes deliberately held this practice'up to ridicule in the Clouds. W. K. C. Guthrie, A History cif Greek Philosophy III (Cambridge 1969) 374, suggests that Aristophanes may have described Socrates and his companions as a thiasos for comic effect and adding such picturesque details as the ban on revealing its 'mysteries' to any but the initiated disciples, but he does not cite either of these Platonic passages. keywords: aristophanes; clouds; dover; greek; intellectual; mind; new; op.cit; peter; plato; socrates; strepsiades; supra; thought cache: grbs-7251.pdf plain text: grbs-7251.txt item: #1427 of 1726 id: grbs-7261 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Did the Athenian Ecclesia Legislate after 403/2 B.C.? date: 1979 words: 12822 flesch: 71 summary: 'A' I \ \ \ 17'Ep£ EKCXCTOV CXVTWV KCX£ T 'Y}V /OVI\'Y}V 3.5.16= IG IP 14); Honorary decree for exiled Thasians ca 385 (Dem. 20.59-63= IG IP 33); keywords: 403/2; athenians; athens; century; decree; dem; ecclesia; enactment; examples; form; hansen; individual; law; lines; nomos; nomothetai; psephisma; rule; supra; tov cache: grbs-7261.pdf plain text: grbs-7261.txt item: #1428 of 1726 id: grbs-7271 author: Dilts, Mervin R. title: Manuscripts of Scholia Ulpiani on Demosthenes, Orations 1, 3 and 4 date: 1979 words: 5003 flesch: 82 summary: F B T Be 144.7-9 PWdVsPvAoVi, Eom. FBTBc .10-12 P W d V s Pv Ao Vi, E om. F B T Be Like MSS. keywords: mss; readings; scholia; ulpiani cache: grbs-7271.pdf plain text: grbs-7271.txt item: #1429 of 1726 id: grbs-7281 author: Brock, Sebastian title: Aspects of Translation Technique in Antiquity date: 1979 words: 7797 flesch: 52 summary: The need for a living source of expositores explains why literal translations from Greek into Arabic never caught on; at first the standard Syriac techniques of literal translation were applied (often with Syriac as a halfway house), but the great translators like I:Iunain ibn Isf:1aq explicitly reject the verbum e verbo approach in favour of the sensus de sensu. Thus the literalist school of Greek biblical translation, culminating in the work of Aquila (early second century), is only a practical proposition in Palestine, where many Jews were bilingual: this is why the Egyptian Jews, to whom Hebrew was mostly unknown, chose to regard the Septuagint as inspired rather than to correct it and thus render it virtually unintelligible. keywords: aquila; aspects; brock; century; documents; greek; hebrew; language; method; original; reader; septuagint; source; syriac; technique; text; translation; translators; verbum; word; work cache: grbs-7281.pdf plain text: grbs-7281.txt item: #1430 of 1726 id: grbs-7291 author: Solmsen, Friedrich title: Wilamowitz in his Last Ten Years date: 1979 words: 15308 flesch: 58 summary: The firm conviction that his opinion was true must have character­ ized Wilamowitz throughout his life, and even though he shared it with most of his contemporaries, at least in Germany-in the U.S.A. Shorey must have been similar-few had it in so extreme and pro­ vocative a form. Wilamowitz recog­ nized the high quality and in some cases downright excellence of the work produced by Jaeger's students, and while he was bound to feel critical about much that Jaeger did, he very seldom expressed such feelings, except perhaps to persons so close to him that he could be sure of their discretion. keywords: berlin; book; course; der; die; dissertation; friedrich; german; good; great; greek; jaeger; lectures; life; maas; nicht; opinion; scholar; solmsen; students; study; thought; time; und; university; von; way; wilamowitz; work; years cache: grbs-7291.pdf plain text: grbs-7291.txt item: #1431 of 1726 id: grbs-7301 author: Gagarin, Michael title: The Prohibition of Just and Unjust Homicide in Antiphon’s Tetralogies date: 1978 words: 7499 flesch: 62 summary: A rebuttal by Lipsius2 explained several of the alleged discrepancies between the Tetralogies and Athenian law, but in his reply to Lipsius Dittenberger3 stuck firmly to one point above all: that the prohibition /L~7€ oLKaLwc /L~7€ &OLKWC &1TOK'TELVELV, which is quoted four times in the Second and Third Tetralogies (3.2.9,4 3.3.7, 4.2.3, 4.4.8), is clearly inconsistent with Athenian homicide law, which from the time of Drakon recognized that certain cases of homicide were lawful and went unpunished.s Following Dittenberger some critics6 have accepted this inconsistency and taken it as part of the evidence for the 'sophistic', non-legal and non-Antiphontic nature of the Tetralogies. MICHAEL GAGARIN 301 We noted earlier that the prohibition is not strictly speaking a law and would probably be superfluous in Athenian homicide law, and the legal vagueness of the rhetorical qualification is further evidence that the prohibition was probably not written into the law. keywords: argument; case; defendant; defense; gagarin; homicide; killing; law; plaintiff; prohibition; second; self; tetralogies; tov cache: grbs-7301.pdf plain text: grbs-7301.txt item: #1432 of 1726 id: grbs-731 author: Kelhoffer, James A. title: Suppressing Anger in Early Christianity: Examples from the Pauline Tradition date: 2007 words: 7419 flesch: 55 summary: This article has two main parts: a correction of William V. Harris’s analysis of anger in the New Testament letters attributed to the apostle Paul, and an interaction with classic theories of the psychology of anger. The article brings competing theories of the psychology of anger to bear on the Pauline passages examined. keywords: anger; author; colossians; cor; eph; ephesians; gal; god; harris; letters; paul; pauline; wrath cache: grbs-731.pdf plain text: grbs-731.txt item: #1433 of 1726 id: grbs-7311 author: Nagy, Blaise title: The Athenian Athlothetai date: 1978 words: 2945 flesch: 73 summary: The one other record from the fifth century B.C. concerning the Athenian Athlothetai is IG 12 304, again a Treasury expenditure list but one that covers the payments of a single year only, 410/9, a year of the Greater Panathenaia. Poz.t2 They have, however, overlooked a relevant Athenian de­ cree, first published in 1911 by G. Oikonomos and then, in 1913, by J. Kirchner as IG IJ2 784.13 It was passed during the archonship of Athenodoros, now dated 240/39 B.C., in the month of Skirophorion.14 I cite the relevant portion: keywords: athenian; athlothetai; b.c; century; lines; ll2; panathenaia cache: grbs-7311.pdf plain text: grbs-7311.txt item: #1434 of 1726 id: grbs-7321 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Nomos and Psephisma in Fourth-Century Athens date: 1978 words: 8061 flesch: 74 summary: The purpose of this paper is to examine the difference between nomos and psephisma in fourth-century Athens. 2 Cf Andoc. 1.86; Lys. 30.5; Oem. 12.9, 18.320,20.131; 24.55, 72, 79, 92,100,112,201; 26.8, 35.39; 47.18, 19,22,23,24,30,37,40,41,48,80; 50.3, 57.30; 58.49, 50; 59.13; Aeschin. 1.79, 177; 2.160; 3.4, 31; Din. 1.41, 101; 3.21. 315 316 NOMOS AND PSEPHISMA IN FOURTH-CENTURY ATHENS psephisma.3 My own conclusion is that the distinction between nomos and psephisma was in fact respected, and, with the exception of a short period of crisis in 340-38 B.C., there is hardly any example of the ecclesia having legislated in the proper sense of the word.4 My investigation is confined to the fourth century, or rather to the period 403/2-322/1 B.C. keywords: action; athens; century; decree; demos; demosthenes; ecclesia; enactment; hansen; law; nomos; nomothetai; oem; psephisma; speech; supra; tov; ypacp~ cache: grbs-7321.pdf plain text: grbs-7321.txt item: #1435 of 1726 id: grbs-7331 author: Hammond, N. G. L. title: ‘Philip’s Tomb’ in Historical Context date: 1978 words: 9367 flesch: 69 summary: The Circumstances attending the Demise and Burial of Philip II 339 An investigation of the circumstances may help us to come to a final decision, and at the same time it is worthwhile in its own right.24 Diodorus 17.2.1 gives in a concise tnanner the sequence of events after the assassination of Philip in the theatre at Aegeae. (2) The pottery and especially a lamp of a special kind enabled Andronikos, a most capable and experienced archaeologist, to date the tomb within the bracket 350-320 B.C.; and Philip II was buried in 336 B.C. (3) The teeth in the gold coffer containing the man's remains have been analysed as those of a man over thirty-two years of age; Philip IT was in his forty-sixth year when he died. keywords: alexander; andronikos; b.c; burial; curt; death; diod; gold; hammond; king; macedones; macedonian; pausanias; philip; remains; tomb; tumulus cache: grbs-7331.pdf plain text: grbs-7331.txt item: #1436 of 1726 id: grbs-7341 author: Wheeler, Everett L. title: The Occasion of Arrian’s Tactica date: 1978 words: 6826 flesch: 63 summary: Davies asserts that Hadrian commanded Arrian to write the section on the cavalry exercises, while according to Bosworth Arrian simply reedited a standard textbook for military antiquarians.l1 Others claim a practical purpose for the work.12 Certainly the Tactica contains many contemporary references and possesses demonstrable relevance to the warfare of the period, but none of the explanations offered hitherto will account for the treatise as a whole. = Uber die Taktik des Arrian, Programm Bamberg (Bamberg 1895); KIECHLE = Franz Kiechle, Die 'Taktik' des Flavius Arrianus, RGKomm 45 (1965) 87-129; KLUMBACH= Hans Klumbach, Zum Straubinger Romerfund, Gymnasium 59 (1952) 71-76; SANDER = Erich Sander, Die Kleidung des romischen Soldaten, Historia 12 (1963) 144-66; STADTER = Philip A. Stadter, The Ars Tactica of Arrian: Tradition and Originality, CP 73 (1978) 117-28; WHEELER = Everett L. Wheeler, Flavius Arrianus: A Political and Military Biog­ raphy (Diss. keywords: armatura; arrian; cavalry; emperor; exercises; hadrian; hartmann; kiechle; occasion; op.cit; reference; roman; stadter; supra; tact; tactica; treatise; wheeler cache: grbs-7341.pdf plain text: grbs-7341.txt item: #1437 of 1726 id: grbs-7351 author: Anderson, Graham title: Lucian’s Nigrinus: the Problem of Form date: 1978 words: 3205 flesch: 63 summary: HE Nigrinus is the most persistently reinterpreted of Lucian's dialogues:1 most scholars have felt that it is too eccentric in form to be accepted at its face value as a tribute from an ad­ mirer to an unknown philosopher Nigrinus. Several explanations of this sequence have been offered: Lucian is held to be writing genuine a7To/-LV7J/-LovetJ/-LaTa or £YKciJ/-LtOV and .p6yOC; he is held to be saying one thing in the frame, another in his recollec­ tions of Nigrinus' conversation-as the result of either inept revision or deliberate intent to conceal his real purpose, artistic or political; and the contrast in mood between frame and centre is difficult to resolve. keywords: conversion; form; frame; lucian; nigrinus; op.cit; rome; speech; supra cache: grbs-7351.pdf plain text: grbs-7351.txt item: #1438 of 1726 id: grbs-7361 author: Oliver, James H. title: The Piety of Commodus and Caracalla and the Εἰς Βασιλέα date: 1978 words: 6198 flesch: 56 summary: Lucius Verus frequently received from others the title pontifex maximus in recognition of his position as co-emperor, but he never claimed it himself in the heading of an epistle. EvC€fJ~c as an element of the emperor's name began in a sense with Antoninus Pius, who did not himself use it in the heading of the extant Greek constitutions.u Nor did Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus as co-emperors use it of their adoptive father; they were (hou )1vTwvlvov viol. keywords: antoninus; augustus; aurelius; caracalla; commodus; east; emperor; eusebeia; greek; marcus; philip; piety; pius; policy; roman; world cache: grbs-7361.pdf plain text: grbs-7361.txt item: #1439 of 1726 id: grbs-7371 author: Wilson, N. G. title: Planudes and Triclinius date: 1978 words: 1970 flesch: 71 summary: (= G P) 72 aOp6wc (=LANU) 76 OAljJETa, (= L WTr N) 81 'woypacfoo, (= S2 V2) 105 cfo'po,ca, (= Pap.3) 106 OvaTac (=Pap.3 KWTr) 107 (=Pap.3 ANU) 141 1TPbTEPOV (=LWTr) keywords: pap.3; planudes; triclinius; turyn cache: grbs-7371.pdf plain text: grbs-7371.txt item: #1440 of 1726 id: grbs-7381 author: Stanford, W. B. title: Light and Darkness in Sophocles’ Ajax date: 1978 words: 4115 flesch: 72 summary: Tecmessa uses the same word again to describe the dimly seen figure of Athena outside her tent (301), and Agamemnon uses it contemptuously in referring to dead Ajax (1257). I would go so far as to say that Sophocles may have conceived and expressed much of the psychological development of Ajax in terms of an emergence from darkness into light before Ajax dies, and that the language of the whole play is orchestrated in terms of a crescendo and diminuendo of light-and-darkness imagery. keywords: ajax; chorus; darkness; imagery; light; lines; play; sophocles; time cache: grbs-7381.pdf plain text: grbs-7381.txt item: #1441 of 1726 id: grbs-7391 author: Szegedy-Maszak, Andrew title: Legends of the Greek Lawgivers date: 1978 words: 5053 flesch: 70 summary: Plutarch comments that while such stories might be true, there is another explanation worth taking seriously, namely that these lawgivers only pretended to have divine guidance in order to gain acceptance for their decrees.31 Posidonius adopts a more conciliatory tone, observing that these things, whatever truth there may be in them, have at least been believed and sanctioned among men. During his sojourn in Crete Lycurgus allegedly met with Thaletas.15 Solon had contact with Thales of Miletus, with the famous barbarian savant Anacharsis and with Epimenides of Crete.16 Zaleucus and Charondas are both represented as pupils of Pythagoras, with a further variation to the effect that 11 keywords: charondas; code; fgrhist; greek; lawgivers; laws; legends; lycurgus; op.cit; solon; supra; tradition; zaleucus cache: grbs-7391.pdf plain text: grbs-7391.txt item: #1442 of 1726 id: grbs-7401 author: Sumner, G. V. title: The ‘Piracy Law’ from Delphi and the Law of the Cnidos Inscription date: 1978 words: 6867 flesch: 76 summary: Roman legislators in framing their drafts of laws were in the habit of repeating whole sections from previous enactments.s The close resemblance, then, of parts of Law D to parts of Law K is not, ipso facto, conclusive proof that Laws D and K are identical. At this stage it becomes imperative to look into the question of the dating of the law or laws. keywords: art.cit; cnidos; consul; delphi; governor; iii; inscription; law; supra; text; translation cache: grbs-7401.pdf plain text: grbs-7401.txt item: #1443 of 1726 id: grbs-741 author: Zellner, Harold title: Sappho’s Alleged Proof of Aesthetic Relativity date: 2007 words: 5542 flesch: 61 summary: Most, “Sappho Fr. 16. 6-7 L-P,” CQ 31 (1981) 11–17, at 14; A. P. Burnett, Three Archaic Poets (London 1983) 285; P. duBois, Sappho is Burning (Chicago 1995) 105, and “Sappho and Helen,” in E. Greene (ed.), Reading Sappho (Berkeley 1996) According to the theory of Glen Most,16 for Sappho Helen is a special kind of authority. keywords: alternative; anactoria; argument; beauty; example; explanation; helen; inference; relativity; sappho cache: grbs-741.pdf plain text: grbs-741.txt item: #1444 of 1726 id: grbs-7411 author: Bosworth, A. B. title: Eumenes, Neoptolemus and PSI XII 1284 date: 1978 words: 4650 flesch: 70 summary: After two battles he was defeated, captured with his family and brutally executed.17 Eumenes was now formally installed as satrap; but for the moment he remained with the royal army as it moved south to Lycaonia, on the northern slopes of the Taurus range,IS and laid siege to Isaura and Laranda, whose inhabitants had defeated and killed Balacrus, Alexander's first satrap of Cilicia.19 The sieges ended in fire and slaughter, and Perdiccas continued south into Cilicia. He was sent to prevent the crossing of the Hellespont, and once again all commanders in the area were ordered to give assistance, notably Neoptolemus and Alcetas (Perdiccas' brother, left in command of the forces in Pisidia).28 Eumenes seems to have reached the Hellespont and strengthened the forces of the western satrapies with his newly-levied cavalry.29 Nothing suggests that he remained there. keywords: arr; arrian; battle; briant; cavalry; craterus; diod; eumenes; fragment; macedonian; neoptolemus; phalanx cache: grbs-7411.pdf plain text: grbs-7411.txt item: #1445 of 1726 id: grbs-7421 author: Rigsby, Kent J. title: An Ephebic Inscription from Egypt date: 1978 words: 4946 flesch: 69 summary: I may note that I do not understand the exclusive use of a metronymic by several ephebes (Anubias 11, Arsinoe 12, Demetrous 14, Zois 15); the same usage occurs in other of the Antinoite lists. This text too shifts to smaller lettering when the list of ephebes begins. keywords: antinoopolis; chlamys; duke; egypt; ephebes; inscription; line; list; prizes; robert; text; tow cache: grbs-7421.pdf plain text: grbs-7421.txt item: #1446 of 1726 id: grbs-7431 author: Croke, Brian title: Hormisdas and the Late Roman Walls of Thessalonika date: 1978 words: 3686 flesch: 67 summary: 1.1.3 does not necessarily mean that it has dropped out thereby leaving open the possibility that the law was addressed to 'Hormisdas Praetorian Prefect of Illyricum'. 254 HORMISDAS AND LATE ROMAN WALLS OF THESSALONIKA rather than to the Prefect of the East, within whose jurisdiction the controversy over Nestorius was being so vehemently played out. keywords: east; hormisdas; huns; law; prefect; prefecture; supra; thessalonika; vickers; walls cache: grbs-7431.pdf plain text: grbs-7431.txt item: #1447 of 1726 id: grbs-7441 author: Rodgers, R. H. title: Varro and Virgil in the Geoponica date: 1978 words: 3843 flesch: 71 summary: Authoritative names from earlier periods appear in the Geoponica, among them the two Latin writers Varro and Virgil. A similarity to Georgics 1.66 (E. Meyer, 280 V ARRO AND VIRGIL IN THE GEOPONICA For Varro there are three citations in the Geoponica. keywords: anatolius; arm; chapter; columella; geoponica; greek; pliny; rust; supra; tradition; varro; virgil cache: grbs-7441.pdf plain text: grbs-7441.txt item: #1448 of 1726 id: grbs-7451 author: Cameron, Alan title: The House of Anastasius date: 1978 words: 7630 flesch: 66 summary: Not only is there Pompeius, son of Caesaria, consul in 501; and Pompeius the son of this Pompeius' brother Hypatius.4 There is in addition Flavius Anastasius Paulus Probus Sabinianus Pompeius Anastasius, consul in 517.5 Anastasius was always ready with a consulship for his male kinsmen. The House of Anastasius Cameron, Alan Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Jan 1, 1978; 19, 3; Periodicals Archive Online pg. keywords: anastasius; daughter; emperor; family; house; hypatius; john; justinian; law; paul; pompeius; probus; son; sons; theodora cache: grbs-7451.pdf plain text: grbs-7451.txt item: #1449 of 1726 id: grbs-7461 author: Gagarin, Michael title: Self-defense in Athenian Homicide Law date: 1978 words: 5164 flesch: 67 summary: The thesis that cases of killing in self-defense were not tried as lawful homicides can be supported by looking closely at the differ­ ences between self-defense and the known cases of lawful homicide. In these cases the defendant would not necessarily admit he had killed but claim to have done it lawfully as defendants in other cases of lawful homicide (tried at the Delphinion) would do. keywords: cases; defendant; defense; evidence; homicide; killing; law; self; trial; victim cache: grbs-7461.pdf plain text: grbs-7461.txt item: #1450 of 1726 id: grbs-7471 author: Morrissey, Edmond J. title: Victors in the Prytaneion Decree (IG I2 77) date: 1978 words: 1789 flesch: 69 summary: The seventeen-letter phrase [€] VtKECOCt 70 Aom6[v] which stands at the end of the list of festivals in line 17 should be restored in the same relative position in lines 12-13; the verb [VEVtKEKaCt] should be restored at the beginning of line 12. Board is guaranteed to all victors, past and future, in lines 11-15; the same grant is repeated specifically for the benefit of hippic victors in lines 15-19. keywords: board; decree; line; victors cache: grbs-7471.pdf plain text: grbs-7471.txt item: #1451 of 1726 id: grbs-7481 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: Demos, Ecclesia and Dicasterion in Classical Athens date: 1978 words: 9051 flesch: 78 summary: TJvatot, OV f'ovov TWV a7T0'f'T)'f'tca- , 'A \ , ,~ .. \ ~ I '\ \ , \ ~ JLEVWV L1.l\tJLovnwv €f'ov KVptWT€P OVTa Ta otKacTT)pta, al\l\a KaL TTJC R \ - , ~ ~ I ~, ' f} ,. 105 • - , 'A(J A ,'\ \ A - \ '.I.. ,-• • • : opaT W n 7Jva£o£, T£ (.LEI\I\ETE 1TO£E£V. 1TapE'7J'f'aTE 1Tapa TOV ~ ,- 106' • '-Iv!. ' keywords: aeschin; andoc; assembly; ath.pol; body; century; court; demos; dicasterion; din; ecclesia; evidence; hansen; kat; lys; oem; people; rhodes; speeches; tov; twv cache: grbs-7481.pdf plain text: grbs-7481.txt item: #1452 of 1726 id: grbs-7491 author: Sumner, G. V. title: Governors of Asia in the Nineties B.C. date: 1978 words: 2778 flesch: 78 summary: The governor of Asia C. Labeo is almost certainly a C. Atinius Labeo. Governors of Asia in the Nineties B.C. Sumner, G V Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Jan 1, 1978; 19, 2; Periodicals Archive Online pg. keywords: asia; caesar; governors; mrr; murena; scaevola; year cache: grbs-7491.pdf plain text: grbs-7491.txt item: #1453 of 1726 id: grbs-7501 author: Gero, Stephen title: The Legend of Constantine V as Dragon-Slayer date: 1978 words: 2212 flesch: 65 summary: The Legend of Constantine V as Dragon-Slayer Gero, Stephen Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Jan 1, 1978; 19, 2; Periodicals Archive Online pg. The Legend of Constantine V as Dragon-Slayer Stephen Gero }{ y ACCOUNT of the Byzantine iconoclastic movement of the eighth and ninth centuries must depend, for the most part, upon evidence drawn from the hostile iconophile sources; this is in particular true when one undertakes a study of the great iconoclastic emperors of the eighth century, Leo III (717-741) and Constantine V (741-775). keywords: byzantine; constantine; dragon; goossens; legend; monster; story; supra; text cache: grbs-7501.pdf plain text: grbs-7501.txt item: #1454 of 1726 id: grbs-751 author: Asmis, Elizabeth title: Myth and Philosophy in Cleanthes’ Hymn to Zeus date: 2007 words: 6828 flesch: 69 summary: 93–108, comes close to Thom’s position by proposing that Zeus brings about a change from bad to good by bringing bad humans to an understanding of the common logos (103–106). The other part (B) is that bad humans act apart from Zeus. keywords: cleanthes; good; honor; humans; hymn; lightning; logos; power; stoic; world; zeus cache: grbs-751.pdf plain text: grbs-751.txt item: #1455 of 1726 id: grbs-7511 author: Huxley, George title: On the Vita of St John of Gotthia date: 1978 words: 3729 flesch: 73 summary: The Life of St John gives no hint that in the 780's or at the time of writing Chazars had already been converted to Judaism: that there had been hopes in John's lifetime for the conversion of Chazaria to Christianity is suggested by the eighth century Ikonoklastennotiz preserved in Paris.gr. The argument is not cogent, because the Life of St John of Gotthia (1.5) shows that Christians had fled to the chagan of the Chazars ca 785, and John himself bore witness to the faith at Phoullai (2.9). keywords: amastris; bishop; chazars; george; gotthia; holy; john; patriarch; saint; supra; vita cache: grbs-7511.pdf plain text: grbs-7511.txt item: #1456 of 1726 id: grbs-7521 author: Treadgold, Warren T. title: Photius on the Transmission of Texts (Bibliotheca, Codex 187) date: 1978 words: 2016 flesch: 70 summary: In this book, the mathematician Nicomachus of Gerasa (ca 120-196) studiously identified the numbers from one to ten with various pagan gods and goddesses, a pursuit that Photius con­ demns as paganism and silliness.2 Photius does see some value in the book, however, because it presupposed an acquaintance with the subtleties of geometry, arithmetic and astronomy, and even with music and musical instruments.3 After summarizing and disparaging Nicomachus' work in some four pages, Photius adds a few remarks, addressed, like the whole of the Bibliotheca, to his brother Tarasius, on the rarity of the Arithmetical Theology. Photius says, evidently referring to the 'Dark Ages' of the seventh and eighth centuries, that people used to discard books very casually on the ground that they were of no use, a habit which led to the destruction of m.any useful books as well as useless ones. keywords: bibliotheca; book; henry; line; nicomachus; photius; texts cache: grbs-7521.pdf plain text: grbs-7521.txt item: #1457 of 1726 id: grbs-7531 author: Calder III, William M. title: Wilamowitz to Zeller: Two Letters date: 1978 words: 3586 flesch: 69 summary: Alles kann ich nicht verstehen; die Analyse liegt mir zu weit abo Aber Zeller sprach sich sehr befriedigt dariiber aus, woran Dir mehr liegen wircl als mir: Mommsen und Wilamowitz (supra n.16) 125 (no.l07). p1.8 (facing p.149); for Wilamowitz aet. keywords: antigonos; berlin; dab; das; den; der; die; diels; ich; letters; mir; moellendorff; nicht; supra; ulrich; und; usener; von; wilamowitz; zeller cache: grbs-7531.pdf plain text: grbs-7531.txt item: #1458 of 1726 id: grbs-7541 author: Seidensticker, Bernd title: Archilochus and Odysseus date: 1978 words: 7582 flesch: 71 summary: In addition to the shield parallel, which Latte does not mention, there is the illegitimate birth, the slave mother, the marriage into a rich family (Odysseus' successful, Archilochus' not), and the restless adventurous life in wars and marauding seafaring expeditions. Latte confines his interest to the general socio-historical parallelism between the fictitious life which Odysseus designs for himself and the life of Archilochus as it has been reconstructed by ancient and modern critics.29 keywords: archilochus; epic; homeric; life; lines; n.6; new; odysseus; odyssey; op.cit; page; poem; poet; shield; supra cache: grbs-7541.pdf plain text: grbs-7541.txt item: #1459 of 1726 id: grbs-7551 author: Gostoli, Antonietta title: Some Aspects of the Theban Myth in the Lille Stesichorus date: 1978 words: 2005 flesch: 76 summary: This same version of the myth, canonized by Sophocles in Oedipus Rex, is accepted by Apollo­ dorus (Bibl. 3.5.9), who however adds the version according to which Oedipus had his children not by Jocasta but by Euryganeia (ibid. {3 I '\',1..' '.1. \ ~ \ '{} lX'f'afLEJI7] pOXOV aL7TVV a'f' V'f'7JI\OLO fLEl\lX pov. ... keywords: euripides; euryganeia; jocasta; myth; oedipus; polynices; stesichorus cache: grbs-7551.pdf plain text: grbs-7551.txt item: #1460 of 1726 id: grbs-7561 author: Haslam, Michael title: The Versification of the new Stesichorus (P.Lille 76abc) date: 1978 words: 12193 flesch: 73 summary: There is only one sure way to determine what form Stesichorus uses, and that is simply by seeing what form he avails himself of. Michael Haslam U NTIL THE PAPYRI reincarnated him, Stesichorus, like Menander, was but the shadow of a great name in the history of Greek literature. keywords: anceps; biceps; dactylo; end; epic; epitrite; form; haslam; hexameter; homer; lille; line; metre; michael; non; parsons; poem; short; stesichorean; stesichorus; syllable; verse; versification; vs. cache: grbs-7561.pdf plain text: grbs-7561.txt item: #1461 of 1726 id: grbs-7571 author: Sorum, Christina Elliott title: Monsters and the Family: the Exodos of Sophocles’ Trachiniae date: 1978 words: 6861 flesch: 66 summary: Heracles' peaceful acceptance of his son's inability contrasts with his hostile resistance to Hyllos' attempts to thwart him in seeking his revenge on Deianeira (1114-42). It is Hyllos' failure to understand his father's last request that is the final indication of the irreconcilable separation between Deianeira and Hyllos, representatives of conventional human society, and Heracles. keywords: death; deianeira; family; father; heracles; hyllos; iole; man; monsters; mother; play; segal; son; sophocles cache: grbs-7571.pdf plain text: grbs-7571.txt item: #1462 of 1726 id: grbs-7581 author: Jordan, Borimir title: Ἐυναία at Euripides’ Hippolytus 160 date: 1978 words: 2931 flesch: 73 summary: Barrett does so on p.192, where he makes a considerable effort on behalf of lines 159-60: \ , ',. \ () , I\V7Ta£ 0 Euripides Hippolytos (Berlin 1891) trans!' of lines 159-60; N. Wecklein, ed. keywords: anchor; barrett; bed; euripides; line; phaedra; ship; word cache: grbs-7581.pdf plain text: grbs-7581.txt item: #1463 of 1726 id: grbs-7591 author: Tarán, Leonardo title: Aristotle’s Classification of Number in Metaphysics M 6, 1080a15-37 date: 1978 words: 3769 flesch: 65 summary: This interpreta­ tion causes him to contend that Aristotle has omitted the belief in three different combinations of numbers and that he has confused incomparable numbers the units of which are all comparable (a, ii) with mathematical number (b) the units of which must necessarily be all comparable.5 It would be more than remarkable, however, if Aristotle were guilty of the confusion Ross ascribes to him, since in the very next chapter of Metaphysics M he states that if all the units are comparable and undifferentiated there is only mathematical number,6 whereas if all the units are incomparable this number cannot be mathematical number.7 But, because in maintaining (a, ii) he mentions mathematical number as an example of number with the units all comparable and undifferen­ tiated and because after mentioning (a, iii) he goes into a rather lengthy digression to explain the difference between mathematical number and incomparable numbers such as (a, iii), he probably felt that it would be anticlimactic to mention (b) as the second and final part of his classification. keywords: aristotle; classification; lines; numbers; ross; units cache: grbs-7591.pdf plain text: grbs-7591.txt item: #1464 of 1726 id: grbs-7601 author: Solmsen, Friedrich title: Theophrastus and Political Aspects of the Belief in Providence date: 1978 words: 3786 flesch: 70 summary: I:' \ \ \ f) ~ >II:' E'CLV OV'TOL Ka, TTEPLEXEt 'TO HOV 'T'r)V OI\'r)V 'f'VCLV. ' The same impression is produced by passages where people engaged in sacrifices hope for EVEpYEclaL or EV1TodaL from the gods or are conscious of having received them.7 Such passages and the generally sym­ pathetic approach to religion that we sense in Porphyry's extracts 6 De providentia et fato and De decem dubitationibus are both extant in Latin and have been edited by H. Boese, Procli tria opuscula (Berlin 1960). keywords: aristotle; belief; gods; laws; op.cit; plato; providence; religion; supra; theophrastus cache: grbs-7601.pdf plain text: grbs-7601.txt item: #1465 of 1726 id: grbs-761 author: Beullens, Pieter; Gotthelf, Allan title: Theodore Gaza’s Translation of Aristotle’s De Animalibus: Content, Influence, and Date date: 2007 words: 18620 flesch: 62 summary: Microsoft Word - Gaza.doc Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 47 (2007) 469–513 © 2007 GRBS Theodore Gaza’s Translation of Aristotle’s De Animalibus: Content, Influence, and Date Pieter Beullens and Allan Gotthelf ECENT YEARS have seen important studies of Gaza’s translation of the compilation of Aristotle’s biological treatises Historia Animalium, De Partibus Animalium, and De Generatione Animalium, known under the name of De Animalibus.1 However, it adds a dedicatory letter to Matthäus Lang, a councillor of Emperor Maximilian,84 and a long quota- tion from the preface by Ermolao Barbaro to his translation of Themistius’ paraphrasis of Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics, written in 1480 and dedicated to none other than Sixtus IV, in which he includes an elaborate appraisal of Gaza’s translating abil- ities: Not long ago, Your Holiness, we suffered a great and incom- parable loss in the person of Theodore Gaza. keywords: allan; animalibus; aristotelis; aristotle; balme; barbaro; basel; beullens; book; century; chapter; copy; date; de animalibus; dedication; divisions; edition; est; gaza; gotthelf; greek; historia; latin; letter; library; manuscript; monfasani; nicholas; paris; pieter; pliny; pope; preface; princeps; problemata; qui; quod; quæ; renaissance; rome; sixtus; text; theodore gaza; tradition; translation; trebizond; university; venice; version; vol; work; years; καὶ; περὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-761.pdf plain text: grbs-761.txt item: #1466 of 1726 id: grbs-7611 author: Barnes, T. D. title: A Correspondent of Iamblichus date: 1978 words: 3485 flesch: 73 summary: 99 A Correspondent of Iamblichus T. D. Barnes THE CORRESPONDENCE of the emperor Julian, as transmitted in various manuscripts, includes six letters addressed to the philosopher Iamblichus (Epp. 181, 183-187 Bidez-Cumont).l Since Iamblichus died before Julian was born, it is impossible that the emperor could ever have written to the philosopher. Accordingly, Franz Cumont argued that these six letters, together with another two (Epp. 180, 182) and possibly another ten (Epp. 188-197), are genuine letters, which were mistakenly attributed to the emperor Julian because their real author was Julianus of Caesarea, otherwise known as a sophist active in Athens in the early fourth century.2 Joseph Bidez subsequently amplified Cumont's arguments into a study of Iamblichus and his circle which remains, after more than fifty years, the standard account of the philosopher's life.3 The central thesis of Cumont and Bidez seems as secure as the nature of the case admits, but their deductions from it need some important modifications. keywords: bidez; constantine; court; cumont; emperor; iamblichus; kat; letters; licinius cache: grbs-7611.pdf plain text: grbs-7611.txt item: #1467 of 1726 id: grbs-7621 author: Barrett, John F. title: The Downfall of Themistocles date: 1977 words: 6240 flesch: 68 summary: Against Diodorus' account stands Plutarch's narrative (Them. 23), which is generally thought to report the events of only one proceed- 1 The L!(e of Themistocles (Montreal and London 1975) But in the next sentence Plutarch goes beyond explaining the indictment and the circumstances leading to it and relates Themistocles' reply. keywords: account; alcmaeon; diodorus; evidence; indictment; leobotes; pausanias; plutarch; spartans; themistocles; thucydides; trial cache: grbs-7621.pdf plain text: grbs-7621.txt item: #1468 of 1726 id: grbs-7631 author: West III, William C. title: Hellenic Homonoia and the New Decree from Plataea date: 1977 words: 6352 flesch: 65 summary: Internal homonoia is best accommodated by Isocrates to an epi­ deictic speech or epideictic portion of a speech, but homonoia of the Hellenes is found in both an epideictic statement and a hortatory formulation. Mention of such homonoia provides a point of departure for criticizing Sparta, in terms of her management of an empire as well as her 314 HELLENIC HOMONOIA AND THE DECREE FROM PLATAEA internal politics, perceived as aiming at suppression of neighbors or local dissidents rather than reconciliation (Paneg. keywords: alexander; athens; century; cities; city; decree; eleutheria; hellenes; homonoia; isocrates; plataea; propaganda; speech; war; zeus cache: grbs-7631.pdf plain text: grbs-7631.txt item: #1469 of 1726 id: grbs-7641 author: Oliver, James H. title: The Vatican Fragments of Greek Political Theory date: 1977 words: 7947 flesch: 74 summary: \cXC a8LKaC'TOVC 1TOL­ Eiv Tj aVEv 'Tfjc a- t vaKpLCEWC OLKa- r , ' ,ELV, E1TEL KaL 'TOV- 15 'TO 1TAEovE~tav ['TLVO:] 1TOLEi 'Toic cf>LAoVLKOVCLV , 01TEP cf>ad CVf'{3at- A VELV KaL EV rn 20 E1Taprn· 'TOLyapo[ v]v -'- \ ' CKV'Tatl.T/ ava- , ., KpLVOVCLV OV'TWC , KaL avaKpLVaV'TEC EKKaAovcLV 'Tfj 25 '-~\ \ wPf{- 'TOVC a/\I\OVC, , K'\ , o Kat I\E0f'EV71C . I (J • ~ \ I 1\ • - ~ I I KTJPVKOC fLTJ I\EL7TEC at, Et OE fLTJ, 7TOI\EJLOV av'TCp ~7Tap'TLa'Tac 7TpoayopEVELV. keywords: aly; arist; author; excellence; fragments; greek; kal; kat; ka~; keaney; office; oliver; pol; sbordone; theophrastus; theory; twv; word; yap cache: grbs-7641.pdf plain text: grbs-7641.txt item: #1470 of 1726 id: grbs-7651 author: Barnes, T. D. title: Two Speeches by Eusebius date: 1977 words: 1866 flesch: 63 summary: It has been assumed that all three passages allude to the same speech: hence it seems natural to combine the second and third passages, which are almost consecutive, and to deduce from them that Eusebius presented the speech of September 335 a second time, before the 11 F. Winkelmann, Eusebius Werke 1.1 2 (GCS, 1975) 139. Hence it is chronologically impossible to argue (as several scholars have done)l1 that Eusebius composed the treatise 7 A. Harnack, Chronologie der altchristlichen Litteratur bis Eusebius II (Leipzig 1904) 117; J. Quasten, Patrology III (Utrecht and Westminster [Md.] 19(0) 326; B. Altaner and A. Stuiber, Patrologie7 (Freiburg 1966) 220. 8 A. Piganiol, L'Empire chretien (Paris 1947) keywords: constantine; eusebius; speech; speeches cache: grbs-7651.pdf plain text: grbs-7651.txt item: #1471 of 1726 id: grbs-7661 author: Croke, Brian title: Evidence for the Hun Invasion of Thrace in A.D. 422 date: 1977 words: 9335 flesch: 67 summary: In eulogizing the piety of Theodosius II, Theodoret points out that God rewarded him with victories over both Huns and Persians: the Hun king Rua in­ vaded Thrace and threatened to lay Constantinople low in a siege, but divine intervention put Rua and his army to flight in a blaze of destruction; while the Romans were occupied with other wars the Persians invaded, but God sent a flood to cramp the style of the Persian cavalry. Jones appears to be alone in dating this treaty to 422.16 To review the argument thus far: if we accept the common inter­ pretation of the evidence already presented, we have three separate invasions of Thrace between 422 and 434: (A) that of 422, result un­ known (Marcellinus); (8) an otherwise unknown invasion about 430 which resulted in the Huns being paid 350 pounds of gold annually (Priscus); (C) an otherwise unknown and destructive invasion of Thrace before 434 in which Rua threatened the imperial capital itself (Theodoret). keywords: death; emperor; evidence; goths; helfen; hun invasion; huns; invasion; king; maenchen; olympiodorus; pannonia; priscus; rua; socrates; theodoret; theodosius; theophanes; thrace cache: grbs-7661.pdf plain text: grbs-7661.txt item: #1472 of 1726 id: grbs-7671 author: Huxley, George title: The Sixty Martyrs of Jerusalem date: 1977 words: 2706 flesch: 70 summary: Lost Greek version of Passio of L+ X Martyrs in the reign of Heraclius Extant Latin Passio of L+ X Martyrs in the reign of Heraclius I * The evidence is a Latin Passio poorly translated from Greek.9 keywords: greek; jerusalem; leo; martyrs; passio; truce; year cache: grbs-7671.pdf plain text: grbs-7671.txt item: #1473 of 1726 id: grbs-7681 author: Calder III, William M. title: Nauck to Wilamowitz: Three Letters date: 1977 words: 4499 flesch: 65 summary: Meineke, editor of the Fragmenta Comicorum Graeconlm (1838-1857), urged young Nauck to do the same for the tragedians.1s Nauck dedicated TGP (1856) to his superior: Augusto Meinekio, comiti hujus operis benevolo. noch komme.32 Mit dem herzlichsten Dank fur Ihre Freundlichkeit und mit den best en Wunschen fur Ihr Wohlbefinden empfiehlt sich Ihrem fer­ neren geneigten Wohl wollen St. Petersburg 27/15 Marz33 1886 II VEREHRTESTER HERR, Ihr hochachtungsvoll ergebenster A. Nauck Wie solI ich keywords: als; berlin; biogjahr; dass; dem; den; der; des; die; eine; fur; gomperz; herakles; ich; iii; ist; letters; mich; mir; mit; nauck; nicht; sie; supra; und; von; wie; wilamowitz; william cache: grbs-7681.pdf plain text: grbs-7681.txt item: #1474 of 1726 id: grbs-7691 author: Hamilton, Richard title: Solon 13.74ff (West) date: 1977 words: 1409 flesch: 82 summary: There are three possible referents: gains, mortals or gods. The gods give ate and gain (mortals are not the cause) 133-34. keywords: gods; n.5; op.cit; solon; supra cache: grbs-7691.pdf plain text: grbs-7691.txt item: #1475 of 1726 id: grbs-7701 author: Conacher, D. J. title: Prometheus as Founder of the Arts date: 1977 words: 8436 flesch: 52 summary: In Prometheus' account we miss, for example, any enumeration of practical arts such as metal-working and tool-making, and when the discovery of metals is mentioned by Prometheus (PV 500-02), it comes right at the end of his list (after medicine and augury) and not, as in several of the late anthropologies, in sequence with other practical arts related to the discovery of fire. Secondly, Havelock regards the historical process pre­ sented in Prometheus Bound as complete and fails to notice the signif­ icant omission of the civic arts from Prometheus' list9-an omission which (as I shall suggest below) may have implications for the sub­ sequent development of the trilogy. keywords: account; aeschylean; aeschylus; arts; civilization; diodorus; discovery; fire; man; men; passage; prometheus; protagoras cache: grbs-7701.pdf plain text: grbs-7701.txt item: #1476 of 1726 id: grbs-771 author: Gibson, Craig A. title: Alexander in the Tychaion: Ps.-Libanius on the Statues date: 2007 words: 10051 flesch: 66 summary: 438 PS.-LIBANIUS ON THE STATUES Skipping over for the moment the phrase ἐξ ἑτέρων ἄκρων καὶ μέσων, which I argue below positions the Founder statue relative to other statues in a group, I turn to the remainder of Ps.-Nicolaus’ description of the Founder statue itself: ἀνέστηκε δὲ φέρων μὲν αὐτὸς τοῦ Σωτῆρος ὑπόμνημα, φερόμενος δὲ δι᾿ ὧν ἡ πόλις εἴωθε τρέφεσθαι (“He stands, himself bearing a token of the Soter, but being borne up by the things through which the city is customarily nourished”). It remains to address the position of this statue relative to other statues in the room. keywords: alexander; alexandria; aphthonius; building; callu; capital; column; description; founder; gods; group; hebert; middle; ps.-nicolaus; ptolemy; soter; statue; stewart; tychaion; tyche; zeus; καὶ; τοῦ; ὑπόμνημα cache: grbs-771.pdf plain text: grbs-771.txt item: #1477 of 1726 id: grbs-7711 author: Kiso, Akiko title: Notes on Sophocles’ Epigoni date: 1977 words: 7966 flesch: 71 summary: 31 Diodorus does not proceed to tell whether Alcmaeon murdered Eriphyle in accordance with the oracle (he may have thought it evident from 4.65.7) but enters into a detailed descrip- 28 When Amphiaraus found out about Eriphyle's receipt of the gift(s), he made violent accusations against her, and when he himself set out on the expedition, ordered Alcmaeon not to go to Thebes with the Epigoni CAfter-born') until he had killed his mother. keywords: accius; adrastus; alcmaeon; amphilochus; divine; epigoni; eriphyle; expedition; father; matricide; oracle; pearson; play; ribbeck; robert; sophocles; thersander; welcker; words cache: grbs-7711.pdf plain text: grbs-7711.txt item: #1478 of 1726 id: grbs-7721 author: Macleod, C. W. title: Thucydides’ Plataean Debate date: 1977 words: 9066 flesch: 75 summary: Athens begins by acting energetically on the Plataeans' behalf (2.6.4), but when the pressure grows, she does no more than offer promises (2.73.3), which remain unfulfilled; and when there is a chance of getting the Pelo­ ponnesian army away from plataea by sparing the life of a Spartan captured at Mytilene, she ign.ores it (3.36.1). 61.2 replies to 55.1; in particular l7TELO~ 7Tpoc1vaYKa~OV7O sarcastically echoes OTE B1{3aioL l{3tacav'To: the 'compulsion' causing the Plataeans to ally themselves with Athens was of their own making. keywords: athens; case; claim; debate; lys; past; pity; plataeans; present; spartans; speakers; speech; thebans; thucydides; war cache: grbs-7721.pdf plain text: grbs-7721.txt item: #1479 of 1726 id: grbs-7731 author: Gilula, Dwora title: The Mask of the Pseudokore date: 1977 words: 1800 flesch: 60 summary: 247 The Mask of the Pseudokore Dwora Gilula ~ONG THE NEW COMEDY MASKS listed by Pollux, two which belong to the group classed as 'young women' are named pseudokore and hetera pseudokore and are described by him (4.152) as follows: The pseudokore is paler and her hair is bound round the front part of the head, and she resembles a newly-wedded bride. Moreover, titles of plays (such as Maccus Virgo) from literary Atellan farce, which was influenced by the themes of Greek New Comedy, suggest dressing of males in female clothes.9 4 S. Trenkner, The Greek Novella in the Classical Period (Cambridge 1958) 138. keywords: bride; comedy; greek; mask; pseudokore cache: grbs-7731.pdf plain text: grbs-7731.txt item: #1480 of 1726 id: grbs-7741 author: Anson, Edward M. title: The Siege of Nora: A Source Conflict date: 1977 words: 2768 flesch: 61 summary: Even though Eumenes un­ doubtedly hoped to arouse the regent's fears of Antigonus, Eumenes had been reluctant in the past to enter into an agreement with Antip­ ater because of their long-standing hostility (Plut. In consequence, continues Diodorus, Eumenes swore an oath of loyalty to Antigonus and was released. keywords: antigonus; diodorus; eumenes; nora; oath; plutarch; source cache: grbs-7741.pdf plain text: grbs-7741.txt item: #1481 of 1726 id: grbs-7751 author: Riley, Mark title: The Purpose and Unity of Plutarch’s De genio Socratis date: 1977 words: 7742 flesch: 63 summary: In this introductory section of De genio Plutarch has shown what he wants to consider, the details of individual human actions, and has given a specific example of how education and training can modify human nature. What makes De genio more puzzling than the Phaedo is the lack of clear connection in the former between the philosophical discussions and the narration of events. keywords: daimones; discussion; epameinondas; genio; guidance; narrative; nature; plutarch; sign; simmias; socrates; soul; theanor; timarchus cache: grbs-7751.pdf plain text: grbs-7751.txt item: #1482 of 1726 id: grbs-7761 author: Anderson, Graham title: Lucian and the Authorship of De Saltatione date: 1977 words: 5354 flesch: 64 summary: De Salt. also focuses attention on the solo performer, who figures frequently in Lucian's similes and anecdotes from the stage.9 And above all the author of De Salt. has found an entirely new angle from which to attack tragedy: instead of condemning a pageant of ranting actors, he has the opportunity to prove that even a single performer in a dumb­ show can do better! It is not necessary to assume that there was a pantomime theme based on this, though the possibility is certainly not excluded; but it would be a passage which a sophist might be expected to know for other reasons as an exercise in CVYKptctC. Lucian does not use all the rest of the material which occurs in this section of De Salt., but he does exploit a cross-section of each 'block' of mythology sufficiently large to suggest that he would have been aware of the remainder.22 The author of De Salt. introduces an unusual element into the story of Polycrates, probably by confus­ ing the tyrant's brother with his daughter (54): Harmon insists that Lucian knew his Herodotus too well to make such a mistake (LCL V p.261), but the version of Polycrates' death at Charon 14 is not quite accurate,23 and in the same dialogue Lucian transposes Tellus of Athens and Cleobis and Biton in Solon's list of happy men (10). keywords: author; authorship; dancer; dancing; lucian; op.cit; salt; saltatione; supra; use; writer cache: grbs-7761.pdf plain text: grbs-7761.txt item: #1483 of 1726 id: grbs-7771 author: Kopff, E. Christian title: Nubes 1493ff: Was Socrates Murdered? date: 1977 words: 4740 flesch: 71 summary: For Nubes the best, i.e. most explicit, commen­ taries for the present purpose are Dover and J. van Leeuwen, Aristophanes Nubes (Leiden 1898). Ancient com­ mentators on Aristophanes accepted a responsibility of this kind, and there is no good reason why a modern commentator should shirk . keywords: aristophanes; cries; dale; der; die; dover; house; nubes; phrontisterion; roof; skene; socrates; strepsiades; van cache: grbs-7771.pdf plain text: grbs-7771.txt item: #1484 of 1726 id: grbs-7781 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: How Did the Athenian Ecclesia Vote? date: 1977 words: 6993 flesch: 70 summary: In the courts the votes were always counted with precision, and accordingly we have some information on the exact number of votes cast by the jurors: Socrates, for example, was found guilty by a majority of sixty votes (Plat. All the psephoi are dated by letter forms to the fourth century B.C. 123 124 HOW DID THE ATHENIAN ECCLESIA VOTE? keywords: athenian; cheirotonia; count; ecclesia; evidence; hands; hansen; iii; majority; procedure; proedroi; vote; voting cache: grbs-7781.pdf plain text: grbs-7781.txt item: #1485 of 1726 id: grbs-7791 author: Buckler, John title: Plutarch and the Fate of Antalkidas date: 1977 words: 3080 flesch: 74 summary: According to the com­ munis opinio Antalkidas committed suicide in 367/6 after his failure to dissuade King Artaxerxes from supporting Pelopidas and the Thebans in their efforts to sponsor a Common Peace.1 Alternative views are few. These conditions do not fit the requirements of Plutarch's testimony in the Artaxerxes, and another date for Antalkidas' death must be sought. keywords: agesilaos; antalkidas; artaxerxes; king; pelopidas; persian; plutarch; xen cache: grbs-7791.pdf plain text: grbs-7791.txt item: #1486 of 1726 id: grbs-7801 author: O'Sullivan, James N. title: Notes on Dio Chrysostom date: 1977 words: 2191 flesch: 79 summary: A 0 ., , t KaL aKOl\anaC, OVOELC avrcp 1TPOCEtXEV OVOE EKEI\EVEV LaC aL aV'TOV, OVO , \ \ \ '.1. \ .,.. , • A ~ \ , f, , - \ • • Ka'Tv-oyOOlTJC OVV Ei'EyOVEL avrcp OLa 'Tovrwv a1TaV'TWV EVaJ\W'TOC WV, II t' _ \ \ \' 8 A , , ,- \ a'TE OELVCP TTJV 1TOI\EI-'LKTJV 'TEXVYJV' WC'TE appwv a1TTJV'TTJCEV avrcp Ka'Ta , \ t \ \ \ - \ • .I. ' , , I-'ECOV 'TO 1TEOLOV. keywords: dio; highet; kal; kat; tovc cache: grbs-7801.pdf plain text: grbs-7801.txt item: #1487 of 1726 id: grbs-781 author: Heckel, Waldemar title: Nicanor Son of Balacrus date: 2007 words: 4567 flesch: 59 summary: I know of no other inscriptional evidence in which somatophylax is used to mean hypaspistes, and since we know that three of the four Somatophylakes of Philip III were relatives of Somatophylakes of Alexander the Great, the possibility that a son of Balacrus the Somatophylax served Alexander IV in a similar capacity becomes more attractive. For Balacrus son of Nicanor see Arr. keywords: alexander; antigonus; antipater; arr; balacrus; cassander; diod; heckel; nicanor; phila; philip; son cache: grbs-781.pdf plain text: grbs-781.txt item: #1488 of 1726 id: grbs-7811 author: Holum, Kenneth G. title: Pulcheria’s Crusade A.D. 421-22 and the Ideology of Imperial Victory date: 1977 words: 9209 flesch: 63 summary: Solidi with Victory standing left holding a long jeweled cross re­ called Christ's victory on Golgotha, while the Golgotha cross of 420-21 promised Theodosius victory over the Persians. The unwarlike Theodosius II made war not to defend the Empire but to become master of victory, and, as will be seen, to strengthen the dynastic pretensions of his sister Pulcheria Augusta. keywords: a.d; anthemius; christian; coins; constantinople; cross; crusade; emperor; empire; golgotha; infra; op.cit; paris; persian; pulcheria; roman; socr; socrates; solidi; sozomen; supra; symbolism; theodosius; time; victory; war cache: grbs-7811.pdf plain text: grbs-7811.txt item: #1489 of 1726 id: grbs-7821 author: Hohlfelder, Robert L. title: Trans-Isthmian Walls in the Age of Justinian date: 1977 words: 3283 flesch: 63 summary: The earlier trans-Isthmian wall has not. 4 R. J. H. Jenkins and H. Megaw, Researches at Isthmia, BSA 32 (1931-32) 68-89, particu­ larly pp.78-79 the trans-Isthmian wall ... is the work of Justinian; H. N. Fowler, Corinth I: Introduction, Topography, Architecture (Princeton 1932) 55; for references to the various trans-Isthmian walls, see Paul A. Clement, The Date of the Hexamilion, Studies in Memory of Basil Laourdas (Thessaloniki 1975) 159 n.1. keywords: a.d; century; clement; date; greece; justinian; op.cit; procopius; supra; wall cache: grbs-7821.pdf plain text: grbs-7821.txt item: #1490 of 1726 id: grbs-7831 author: Buttrey, T. V. title: Ὑπο- in Aristophanes and ὑποκριτής date: 1977 words: 7932 flesch: 65 summary: This assortment of V7TO- words from Aristophanes illustrates the persistence of the sense 'in response or reaction'. The clearest examples of the 'answerer-actor', as we might term him, are the messengers who bring to the scene information from without and who relate it in response to the queries of the first actor. keywords: actor; answer; answerer; argument; aristophanes; attic; lsj; meaning; passage; question; reply; response; sense; socrates; strepsiades; word cache: grbs-7831.pdf plain text: grbs-7831.txt item: #1491 of 1726 id: grbs-7841 author: Cole, J. W. title: Not Alexander but Perdikkas (Dem. 23.200 and 13.24) date: 1977 words: 3229 flesch: 65 summary: It is very doubtful that anyone in the audience knew that either Alexander I or Perdikkas II had received any reward from Athens, leave alone what it was. Not Alexander but Perdikkas (Dem. 23.200 and 13.24) Cole, J W Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1977; 18, 1; Periodicals Archive Online pg. keywords: alexander; athens; demosthenes; fact; hoffman; perdikkas; war cache: grbs-7841.pdf plain text: grbs-7841.txt item: #1492 of 1726 id: grbs-7851 author: Smart, J. D. title: Catalogues in Thucydides and Ephorus date: 1977 words: 4364 flesch: 66 summary: J. B. Alberti (Rome 1972). 2 Of subsequent editors only Marchant 142 has followed Steup in deleting ol lvTJc lcOp.oV. 3 Steup II p.24, followed by Gomme II p.ll, sought to excuse this omission by main­ taining that Thucydides normally used AOKPOt and AOKptC without further qualification to mean only the eastern, i.e. Opuntian and Epicnemidian, Locrians. Various editors, including Gomme II pp.272-77, have persevered against all reason in believing 3.17 to have been written by Thucydides. keywords: allies; athenian; catalogues; diodorus; ephorus; infantry; kat; thucydides cache: grbs-7851.pdf plain text: grbs-7851.txt item: #1493 of 1726 id: grbs-7861 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: How Often Did the Ecclesia Meet? date: 1977 words: 11957 flesch: 74 summary: , cvvayovCLv KaL 'TTjV OVI\TjV KaL 'TOV OTjfLOV· TTjV fLEV OVV OVI\TjV ocaL TjfL€paL, 7T),~V EaV 'TLC acpEcLfLoc n, TOV DE MjfLov TETpaKLC 'Tfjc 7TpVTaV€{ac EKaCTTjC. All scholars hold that Aristotle is referring to ordinary meetings of the assembly, but this interpretation is not warranted by the text. But this reconstruction is incompatible with Aeschines' information that the number of €KKATjcla, CVyKATjTO' exceeded the number of ordinary meetings. keywords: aeschin; aeschines; assembly; council; days; decree; demosthenes; ecclesia; ecclesia elaph; elaph; envoys; meeting; number; people; period; philip; prytany; year cache: grbs-7861.pdf plain text: grbs-7861.txt item: #1494 of 1726 id: grbs-7871 author: Soloman, Jon title: Orestes 344-45: Colometry and Music date: 1977 words: 5561 flesch: 67 summary: In other strophic poetry preserved on papyri, line lengths often vary, with resulting irregular left or right marginsP Consequently a variation in line-length in this papyrus should not disturb us, nor should extension of a line farther to the right or left of other lines. Hunger and Pohlmann were plainly mistaken in placing contiguous musical notes PZ over the double epsilons that they restored to the right of the surviving text. keywords: crusius; greek; instrumental; line; music; note; orestes; papyrus; pohlmann; sigma; text cache: grbs-7871.pdf plain text: grbs-7871.txt item: #1495 of 1726 id: grbs-7881 author: Bagnall, Roger S. title: Price in ‘Sales on Delivery’ date: 1977 words: 5612 flesch: 70 summary: Scholars have generally adopted terms like 'sale on delivery', 'sale with deferred delivery' or 'advance sale' to describe this type of text.1 Such termi­ nology, however, is not very descriptive of these documents, for their language and terminology is closely similar to that of loan contracts, not of sales, and indeed some scholars have called them loans. It rested largely on the absence of stated price in most contracts, and as a more plausible explana~ tion of this phenomenon can be and has been advanced (cf infra p.94) , there is no real basis for Rabel's theory. keywords: advance; cent; contract; delivery; documents; interest; kind; loan; money; price; rate; sales; text; wine cache: grbs-7881.pdf plain text: grbs-7881.txt item: #1496 of 1726 id: grbs-7891 author: Huxley, George title: On the Vita of St Stephen the Younger date: 1977 words: 5893 flesch: 68 summary: The Vita of St Stephen the Younger, who suffered martyrdom in the reign of the emperor Constantine V, was written by Stephen the Deacon. The &8A'I'}(lC also states &Moc OE (TEcPavoc ov6p.an Elc (ovyOlav ifop,,8Elc Kal 1ToMo~c dxP£A~cac, TEAoc icx£ 'TOU f3lov, and this Stephen can hardly be Bishop Stephen of Surozh, who was not an exile there. keywords: boor; constantine; date; deacon; kat; life; martyrdom; op.cit; saint; st stephen; stephani; stephen; supra; theophanes; vita cache: grbs-7891.pdf plain text: grbs-7891.txt item: #1497 of 1726 id: grbs-7901 author: Stanley, Keith title: The Rôle of Aphrodite in Sappho Fr. 1 date: 1976 words: 8394 flesch: 57 summary: (supra n.34) 76: Aphrodite is the unconscious personification of the self-critical faculty of her personality which stands aside and views with detached amuse­ ment the appetitive element of her nature ... :' Cf Sappho 22.15, where, though the text is uncertain, there may be reference to a criticism by Aphrodite of Sappho's prayers (West, op.cit. 305 The Role of Aphrodite in Sappho Fr. 1 Keith Stanley SAPPHO'S Hymn to Aphrodite, standing so near to the beginning of our evidence for the religious and poetic traditions it embodies, remains a locus of disagreement about the function of the goddess in the poem and the degree of seriousness intended by Sappho's plea for her help. keywords: aphrodite; epic; homeric; iliad; language; line; love; lyric; marzullo; n.3; op.cit; page; poem; present; privitera; saake; sappho; supra; supra n.3; time cache: grbs-7901.pdf plain text: grbs-7901.txt item: #1498 of 1726 id: grbs-791 author: Jones, Christopher P. title: Procopius of Gaza and the Water of the Holy City date: 2007 words: 4893 flesch: 63 summary: But at the time of Procopius’ speech this dispute lay in the future, and Jerusalem took first place in his catalogue of cities favored by the emperor.34 April, 2007 Department of the Classics Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 cjones@fas.harvard.edu 33 Cyr. Scyth. On the Madaba Map Jerusalem is marked with this same phrase, and a mosaic at the eighth- century church of St. Stephen, Umm er-Rasas, shows “a succession of major cities, all of which lie to the west of the Jordan River [and] begin with the holy city of Jerusalem at the top, in the place of honor and identified only as the holy city, hagia polis—much as it is in Arabic today, al-quds.”15 keywords: anastasius; aqueducts; century; church; city; emperor; gaza; hierapolis; holy; jerusalem; level; procopius; water; καὶ; τῶν cache: grbs-791.pdf plain text: grbs-791.txt item: #1499 of 1726 id: grbs-7911 author: Sumner, Graham V. title: Philippicus, Anastasius II and Theodosius III date: 1976 words: 2849 flesch: 66 summary: Philippicus, Anastasius II and Theodosius III Sumner, Graham V Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Fall 1976; 17, 3; ProQuest pg. 287 Philippicus, Anastasius II and Theodosius III Graham V. Sumner T HE CRITICAL PERIOD between the overthrow of Justinian II in A.D. 711 and the elevation of Leo III in 717 saw a succession of three men briefly occupying the throne of Byzantium: Bar­ danes or Vardanes (Philippicus), Artemius (Anastasius II) and Theo­ dosius (III). Theodosius III The elevation of Theodosius to supersede Anastasius has a some­ what whimsical appearance in Theophanes (and to a lesser extent in Nicephorus following the same source). keywords: anastasius; date; leo; philippicus; theodosius; theophanes; year cache: grbs-7911.pdf plain text: grbs-7911.txt item: #1500 of 1726 id: grbs-7921 author: Huxley, George title: A Porphyrogenitan Portulan date: 1976 words: 2837 flesch: 76 summary: A meteorological treatise for sailors has been convincingly connected with his naval studies prior to the campaign of 949,23 and Constan­ tine's concern with such topics is plain from his own reference in an Appendix to De Cerimoniis24 to a work by his own hand: /3£/3Atov TO , I. ~ , I ~ I r '\ t ~ I , ~ 7T€P£€XOV 7T€P£ €vo€ UtC KClt X€£f-Lwvoc KClt <:,a,,'7c, V€TOV T€ Ka£ aCTpa7Twv IQ ~ ' ',I.. ~ I , Q \' I Ka£ fJPOVTWV Ka£ aV€f-Lwv €7T£'!'opac. I ., X' \' X' ., ~ , JLLI\. P • a1TO J.Ylt'TVI\1V1}e Ewe tOV JLLI\. p • a1TO tOV Ewe 6.J aJLov \ , , , - ~, ., 'rn I , \' , JLLI\. P • a7TO 77JC 6.J aJLov EWC 'TOVC '¥ovpJlove JLLI\. 1\ • a7TO 'TOve rn , 7\T (;' \,., 7\T~(;' ' T , '¥OVPJlOVC EWC Ha~tac JLLI\. 0 • a7TO H'-bLac EWC 77JJI 10V JLLI\. 1\ • , , , T 'QI \ t.::'I 1 \ I , , \ a7TO 77JV 10Jl Ewe 77JJI It'J'1pav Kat It'J'1paCLaJl keywords: a1to; bonn; crete; distance; ewc; jlli\.; kat; miles; portulan; stadiodromikon cache: grbs-7921.pdf plain text: grbs-7921.txt item: #1501 of 1726 id: grbs-7931 author: Stinton, T. C. W. title: The Riddle at Colonus date: 1976 words: 2786 flesch: 74 summary: This is normally taken to mean simply that Poseidon gave Athens glory in two spheres, horses and the sea, in the one by inventing the Xa'\tv&c, in the other by letting ships cross the sea propelled by human hand. The gift of Poseidon which gave Athens glory as horsemen is then the XaALJI(>C. But xaALJl6e has another meaning besides bridle: in the context of ships it means anchor or mooring-cable. keywords: colonus; gift; nereids; poseidon; riddle; ship; word cache: grbs-7931.pdf plain text: grbs-7931.txt item: #1502 of 1726 id: grbs-7941 author: Kroll, John H. title: Aristophanes’ πονηρὰ χαλκία: A Reply date: 1976 words: 5734 flesch: 67 summary: For instance, he emphasizes (p.186) that Aristophanes speaks only of bronze money, xaAKLa, xaAKovc etc., never of plated bronze (throxaAKoc). At Ecclesia~usae 814 Chremes tells how he sold some grapes, put his bronze change in his cheek, and was about to buy some barley when the herald announced that bronze coins were no longer acceptable. keywords: aristophanes; athenian; athens; bronze; coinage; coins; dies; drachms; giovannini; hoard; silver; supra; tetradrachms cache: grbs-7941.pdf plain text: grbs-7941.txt item: #1503 of 1726 id: grbs-7951 author: Westlake, H. D. title: Reelection to the Ephorate? date: 1976 words: 4464 flesch: 63 summary: The case is that of Endius, who is known from Thucydides (8.6.3) to have served as ephor in 413/2 and is generally believed to be named in two interpolated passages of Xenophon, Hellenica (2.3.1 and 10) as eponymous ephor for 404/3. Some Spartiates seem to have used the ephorate as a rung on the ladder leading to other appointments: Aracus, eponymous ephor in 409/8, was nominally nauarchos in 405/4 because Lysander could not legally hold this office for a second term, and in 398 he was sent on a mission to Asia.26 Similarly Diphridas, ephor in 395/4 (Plut. keywords: board; ephorate; ephors; lysander; office; op.cit; reelection; spartan; supra cache: grbs-7951.pdf plain text: grbs-7951.txt item: #1504 of 1726 id: grbs-7961 author: Griffiths, F. T. title: Theocritus’ Silent Dioscuri date: 1976 words: 7016 flesch: 66 summary: Like Callimachus in his Hymns,31 Theocritus does not normally invoke the Muses as he does here. Theocritus' Silent Dioscuri Griffiths, F T Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1976; 17, 4; ProQuest pg. keywords: apollonius; castor; dioscuri; duel; episode; hymn; lines; lynceus; muses; op.cit; poet; polydeuces; style; supra; theocritus; twins cache: grbs-7961.pdf plain text: grbs-7961.txt item: #1505 of 1726 id: grbs-7971 author: Oliver, James H. title: Imperial Commissioners Again date: 1976 words: 534 flesch: 59 summary: Poficpoe squeezed in between lines just after the title iepevc 'A7T(~AAWVOe A7JAtov, and from InseT. de Delos 2538, in which C. Musonius Rufus is mentioned as lifelong priest of the Delian Apollo and epimelete of holy Delos under Antoninus Pius. Now C. Musonius Rufus, epimelete of the city under Antoninus Pius, shows that the office did continue and with distinguished incumbents after Hadrian. keywords: city; epimelete cache: grbs-7971.pdf plain text: grbs-7971.txt item: #1506 of 1726 id: grbs-7981 author: Clarke, W. M. title: The Manuscript of Straton’s Musa Puerilis date: 1976 words: 6296 flesch: 73 summary: Some of these epigrams are not paederastic (83, 114, 147, 153, 173; in 53, 82, 113, 131, 161 the neuter diminutive of a girl's name seems to have been mistaken for a boy's); other epigrams are not clearly paederastic or heterosexual (e.g., 32, 98, 100, 103f, 115, 117, 172). German and French scholars, while paying more attention to the Anthology than others have done, have-with one exception-hardly gone further in recent years than to observe that most of the poems in AP 12 are not Straton's and to attempt to bring order and identity out of the hodgepodge of epigrams other than his. keywords: anthology; aubreton; cephalas; epigrams; manuscript; order; page; poems; straton cache: grbs-7981.pdf plain text: grbs-7981.txt item: #1507 of 1726 id: grbs-7991 author: Miller, Timothy S. title: The Plague in John VI Cantacuzenus and Thucydides date: 1976 words: 4699 flesch: 62 summary: There is no doubt that Cantacuzenus is describing an epidemic of bubonic plague. Neither classicists nor medical historians have reached agree­ ment concerning the nature of the Athenian disease, but modern research has definitely eliminated bubonic plague as a possible agent in the destruction of 430 B.C.6 Rather the Thucydidean epidemic seems to have been a viral infection such as smallpox. keywords: account; bubonic; byzantine; cantacuzenus; description; disease; emperor; plague; pneumonic; sch; symptoms; thucydides cache: grbs-7991.pdf plain text: grbs-7991.txt item: #1508 of 1726 id: grbs-8001 author: Knauer, Elfriede R. title: Fragments of a Cup by the Triptolemos Painter date: 1976 words: 4495 flesch: 83 summary: A boy standing in front of a seated youth or man would normally have his feet side by side, e.g. ARV 365,64 (Triptolemos Painter); for Douris see ARV 431,48. This cup will be discussed in detail in a projected monograph on the Triptolemos Painter. keywords: arm; arv; cup; douris; fig; freiburg; left; mawr; painter; plate; right; triptolemos cache: grbs-8001.pdf plain text: grbs-8001.txt item: #1509 of 1726 id: grbs-801 author: Calder III, William M.; Heilen, Stephan title: David E. Pingree: An Unpublished Autobiography date: 2007 words: 3218 flesch: 54 summary: 515–523 © 2007 GRBS David E. Pingree: The nine students in alphabetical order were:6 William M. Calder III, Andrew Thomas Cole, Henry Steele Commager, James A. Coulter, Robert J. Goar, David E. Pingree, Michael C. J. Putnam, Ken- 1 Professor Nino Luraghi, Editor of Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, declined publication of David Pingree’s autobiography. keywords: brown; calder; david; harvard; history; iii; institute; manuscripts; pingree cache: grbs-801.pdf plain text: grbs-801.txt item: #1510 of 1726 id: grbs-8011 author: Dickie, Matthew W. title: Thucydides, not Philistus date: 1976 words: 1161 flesch: 69 summary: 217 Thucydides, not Philistus Matthew W. Dickie E CHRISTIAN KOPFF has argued that the passage giving the reasons for Nicias' lack of success at Syracuse at Thucydides 7.42.3 is not • Thucydides but a fragr:nent of Philisrus which has crept into the text from the margin. In fact, according to Thucydides' own account, the Athenians had spent part of the winter in Naxos as well as Catana (6.74.2, 75.2, 88.3 and 5), and shortly after the onset of the winter of 415 B.C. they had attacked Syracuse (6.63-71). keywords: nicias; passage; thucydides cache: grbs-8011.pdf plain text: grbs-8011.txt item: #1511 of 1726 id: grbs-8021 author: Kopff, E. Christian title: Philistus Still date: 1976 words: 595 flesch: 65 summary: The remarks may have been spoken in direct dis­ course by Demosthenes, Menander or Euthydemus; the latter two are important figures in Philistus' account but are hardly mentioned by Thucydides. We know that Philistus differed from Thucydides on material points (pp.27-28). keywords: philistus; thucydides cache: grbs-8021.pdf plain text: grbs-8021.txt item: #1512 of 1726 id: grbs-8031 author: Perlman, S. title: On Bribing Athenian Ambassadors date: 1976 words: 4935 flesch: 63 summary: Since the bribing of ambassadors is connected almost exclusively with embassies to Persia and Macedon, the foundations or the alle­ gations on which the accusations of accepting bribes from the kings are made ought to be carefully examined. Though there may have been general consensus that there was no harm in accepting customary gifts, this may have served as an excuse for accusations of accepting bribes by ambassadors. keywords: ambassadors; bribe; bribery; demosthenes; embassy; gifts; greek; op.cit; supra; taking cache: grbs-8031.pdf plain text: grbs-8031.txt item: #1513 of 1726 id: grbs-8041 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: The Theoric Fund and the graphe paranomon against Apollodorus date: 1976 words: 5149 flesch: 64 summary: 235 The Theoric Fund and the graphe paranomon against Apollodorus Mogens Herman Hansen O NE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT sources for the history of the Theoric Fund is the first part of the speech Against Neaera (Oem. 59.3-8). In the speech Against Neaera Apollodorus refers to a law prescrib­ ing that the surplus of the administration in times of war shall be paid out as crpCXnW'TLKa, whereas all the other sources, including the law paraphrased by Libanius, concern the transference of money from the Theoric Fund to the Stratiotic Fund.19 keywords: apollodorus; demosthenes; fund; law; money; n.l; supra; surplus; theoric; theoric fund cache: grbs-8041.pdf plain text: grbs-8041.txt item: #1514 of 1726 id: grbs-8051 author: Drew-Bear, Thomas title: Local Cults in Graeco-Roman Phrygia date: 1976 words: 9780 flesch: 67 summary: The altar has projecting mouldings at top and bottom, with two acroteria flanking a cylindrical upper portion decorated by a tendril with three leaves above three 1 See the announcements of this corpus by L. Robert in his Discours d'introduction at the VI Int. 3 See for this region the map of Philippson conveniently reproduced by L. Robert, Nonnos et les monnaies d'Akmonia de Phrygie, JSav 1975, fig.5; on the Doiantos Pedion see pp.182-85. 247 248 LOCAL CULTS IN GRAECO-ROMAN PHRYGIA spirals; the inscription begins on the upper moulding and continues on the shaft. keywords: altar; apollo; bear; bullepigr; dedication; drew; figure; inscription; line; mama; museum; op.cit; phrygia; plate; region; relief; right; robert; shaft; stele; supra; village; zeus cache: grbs-8051.pdf plain text: grbs-8051.txt item: #1515 of 1726 id: grbs-8061 author: Cameron, Alan title: Theodorus τρισέπαρχος date: 1976 words: 8176 flesch: 72 summary: Who, then, was Theodorus, what was this arptc in the Basilica, and when and where did he build it? All three lemmata refer to just one wplc, and we should probably conclude that what Theodorus built was one fourfold arch.6 That is not quite the end of the matter, however. keywords: arch; basilica; cameron; church; city; constantinople; consul; justin; justinian; malalas; man; op.cit; prefecture; speck; supra; temple; theodorus cache: grbs-8061.pdf plain text: grbs-8061.txt item: #1516 of 1726 id: grbs-8081 author: Rigsby, Kent J. title: Teiresias as Magus in Oedipus Rex date: 1976 words: 2500 flesch: 69 summary: These Magi are neither magicians nor charlatans, but 'king-makers', conspiring to manipulate political power. For there were several words avail­ able to Euripides to convey the meaning of 'sorcerer'. keywords: euripides; magi; magus; oedipus; sophocles; teiresias; term; word cache: grbs-8081.pdf plain text: grbs-8081.txt item: #1517 of 1726 id: grbs-8091 author: Hansen, Mogens Herman title: How Many Athenians Attended the Ecclesia? date: 1976 words: 8782 flesch: 73 summary: M1JoE 7TEpt TWV aTtJLWV, 07TWC XP7] €7TLTLJLoVC , \ l: <:'\ \ - '.J. \' - £1 A - <:' ' So, the statement that 'plenary assemblies' were held in the Agora in the classical period is not based on any evidence. keywords: agora; assemblies; assembly; athenians; century; citizens; decrees; dem; democracy; meeting; people; pnyx; quorum; sources cache: grbs-8091.pdf plain text: grbs-8091.txt item: #1518 of 1726 id: grbs-81 author: Kamesar, Adam title: The Logos Endiathetos and the Logos Prophorikos in Allegorical Interpretation: Philo and the D-Scholia to the Iliad date: 2004 words: 7233 flesch: 61 summary: ÍpÚ toÊtvn d¢ émfot°rvn fhs‹n dey∞nai tÚn ÖArh, tout°stin tÚn yumÒn, ka‹ §p‹ polÁ basanisy∞- nai, §peidØ ofl §n paide¤& lÒgoi §kpaideÊousi ka‹ §kdidãskousi toÁw ényr≈pouw kat°xein m¢n ÙrgØn ka‹ §piyum¤an, ¥kista d¢ yum“ xr∞syai.7 But it is better [to suppose] that the poet desires to impart philosophical lessons throughout this segment, as throughout the poem as a whole. tÚn d¢ §ndiãyeton ka‹ §k fÊsevw parepÒmenon to›w ényr≈poiw keywords: anger; interpretation; ka‹; logos; logos prophorikos; moses; paideia; philo; philosophy; prophorikos; rhetoric; scholia; scholium; supra; view cache: grbs-81.pdf plain text: grbs-81.txt item: #1519 of 1726 id: grbs-8101 author: Vergados, Athanassios title: Shifting Focalization in the Homeric Hymn to Hermes: the Case of Hermes’ Cave date: 2011 words: 9750 flesch: 70 summary: 1128 and 1130 that explicitly refers to portions of meat Hermes had consumed. Furthermore, the poet prefaces this description of the cave with a description of its surroundings, essentially a locus amoenus reminiscent of the surroundings of Calypso’s cave which (interestingly) Hermes visits in Odyssey 5.24 22 Cf. keywords: 1–25; apollo; athanassios; cave; description; divine; dwelling; focalization; god; gods; hermes; homeric; hymn; maia; palace; poem; poet; status; studies; temple; vergados; zeus; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-8101.pdf plain text: grbs-8101.txt item: #1520 of 1726 id: grbs-811 author: Reece, Steve title: Homer’s Asphodel Meadow date: 2007 words: 4691 flesch: 61 summary: Tennyson’s “Lotos-Eaters” 169 “others in Elysian valleys dwell, resting weary limbs at last on beds of asphodel”; Longfellow’s Evangeline 2.4.149 “hereafter crown us with asphodel flowers”; “The Two Angels” 13 “he who wore the crown of asphodels, descending, at my door began to knock”; Wilde’s “Panthea” 34 “Where asphodel and yellow lotus twine”; Williams quoted above. Milton’s Comus 838 “To imbathe in nec- tar’d lavers strew’d with asphodil”; Paradise Lost 9.1039 “Flowers were the couch, pansies, and violets, and asphodel, and hyacinth, earth’s freshest softest lap”; Browne’s Hydriotaphia 37 “The dead are made to eat asphodels about the Elyzian medows”; Carlyle’s Sartor Resartus 1.11 “Is that a real Elysian brightness? keywords: asphodel; dead; flower; formula; greek; hades; meadow; καὶ; λειμῶνα; ἀσφοδελὸν; ἀσφόδελος cache: grbs-811.pdf plain text: grbs-811.txt item: #1521 of 1726 id: grbs-8111 author: Burnett, Anne Pippin title: Servants of Peitho: Pindar fr.122 date: 2011 words: 4369 flesch: 67 summary: 20 At its close, this song announces its occasion: it means to commemorate the action of a certain Xenophon (probably the victor of Pindar’s Ol. 3) who, in response to her happy fulfill- ment of his prayers, now brings a group of young women to Aphrodite (18–20). III 4 (1996) 60: “This single figure, then, unites the poem’s opening (the hierodules as ‘young women’) and its close (the hierodules as sacrificial ‘herd’). ” keywords: aphrodite; corinth; greek; peitho; pindar; prostitutes; song; studies; women; xenophon cache: grbs-8111.pdf plain text: grbs-8111.txt item: #1522 of 1726 id: grbs-8121 author: Trivigno, Franco V. title: Philosophy and the Ordinary: On the Setting of Plato’s Lysis date: 2011 words: 9607 flesch: 56 summary: Both our conception of love and of love’s ultimate object needs to be radically reoriented if the desires implicit in ordinary love are ever to be genuinely satisfied. However, as Socrates makes clear, until one understands the first friend—the friend in the primary sense— one will fail to understand ordinary friendships. keywords: 61–85; conversation; dialogue; friendship; good; greek; hippothales; love; lysis; philosophical; philosophy; plato; prologue; setting; socrates; studies; way cache: grbs-8121.pdf plain text: grbs-8121.txt item: #1523 of 1726 id: grbs-8131 author: Baron, Christopher A. title: The Delimitation of Fragments in Jacoby’s FGrHist: Some Examples from Duris of Samos date: 2011 words: 9513 flesch: 60 summary: Théopompe, Duris, Phylarque (Paris 1989) 255– 90 THE DELIMITATION OF FRAGMENTS ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 86–110 2011 Christopher A. Baron The Delimitation of Fragments in Jacoby’s FGrHist: Some Examples from Duris of Samos Christopher A. Baron ELIX JACOBY’S Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker provides an indispensable tool for the study of Greek historical writing in all periods and for nearly every historian.1 keywords: 86–110; athenaeus; bnj; citation; commentary; duris; fact; fragments; greek; herodotus; history; jacoby; lenfant; plutarch; pownall; sentence; studies; text; work; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-8131.pdf plain text: grbs-8131.txt item: #1524 of 1726 id: grbs-8141 author: Brouwer, René title: Polybius and Stoic Tyche date: 2011 words: 8168 flesch: 63 summary: These two aspects, first tyche used as a term to refer to a force, and second the lack of understanding that goes with this usage, both to be found at the level of the inferior person, will have to be kept in mind in considering the notion of tyche in Polybius. Polybius uses the notion of tyche in a variety of senses too: in Hadwig Helm’s article in the Polybios-Lexikon, nine columns are filled with occurrences of this word, in what at first sight appears to be a bewildering variety of meanings.2 Various attempts have been made to come to terms with Polybius’s use of tyche.3 Among these, two interpretations seem to be particularly influential: the first, most eloquently formulated by de Roveri, is that tyche is best characterised in a negative manner, as “the unknown in his- tory.”4 keywords: beings; brouwer; cause; force; human; machiavelli; notion; person; polybius; principle; reason; sage; stoics; studies; svf; tyche; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-8141.pdf plain text: grbs-8141.txt item: #1525 of 1726 id: grbs-8151 author: Adler, Eric title: Cassius Dio’s Livia and the Conspiracy of Cinna Magnus date: 2011 words: 7914 flesch: 63 summary: Dio’s Livia We may, however, be able to determine important informa- tion about Cassius Dio and his thought from the ways in which his account transforms the conspiracy story found in Seneca.23 As a result, scholars have tended to portray Livia’s message in Dio’s dia- logue as corresponding unproblematically to the views of the historian.4 To some, in fact, Dio’s Livia oration itself testifies to the existence of a pro-Livia historiographical tradition.5 This article addresses this important topic. keywords: adler; augustus; boudica; cassius; cassius dio; cinna; clemency; conspiracy; dialogue; dio; e.g.; greek; history; livia; oration; roman; seneca; studies; women; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-8151.pdf plain text: grbs-8151.txt item: #1526 of 1726 id: grbs-8161 author: Pachoumi, Eleni title: Divine Epiphanies of Paredroi in the Greek Magical Papyri date: 2011 words: 3882 flesch: 68 summary: Two Entities Conclusions Reviewing this phenomenological study of epiphanies of the paredroi, as the spell itself and as a god or goddess revealed as another entity, we can return to the initial question of how the terms paredros and god are being used in the Pnouthis spell and the comparative material: is it right to claim that “the god” and “the angel” are used interchangeably and are effectively synonyms? ELENI PACHOUMI 163 ————— Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 51 (2011) 155–165 and the old woman will flee without a trace.26 Here, the motif of a god or goddess assuming various forms, already examined in the previous spells, is simplified, by ascrib- ing to the goddess human forms. keywords: angel; divine; forms; god; goddess; greek; magician; pnouthis; spell; woman cache: grbs-8161.pdf plain text: grbs-8161.txt item: #1527 of 1726 id: grbs-8171 author: Fernández, Tomás title: Remarks on Editing a Byzantine Anthology date: 2011 words: 4667 flesch: 64 summary: Correct reading of the anthology also present in the source. Shared readings. keywords: anthology; archetype; autograph; editor; greek; reading; source; text; κϰαὶ cache: grbs-8171.pdf plain text: grbs-8171.txt item: #1528 of 1726 id: grbs-8181 author: Burstein, Stanley M. title: Alexander, Callisthenes and the Sources of the Nile date: 1976 words: 5602 flesch: 65 summary: Furthermore, the state of affairs in Nubia had been of critical importance since the beginning of Egyptian history.5o As the new ruler of Egypt Alexander could not avoid that reality, especially in view of the instability of the southern frontier during the last decade of Persian rule in Egypt. According to John, Callisthenes the Peripatetic states in the fourth book of his Hellenica that he cam­ paigned with Alexander the Macedonian and while in Ethiopia he dis­ covered that the Nile flooded from the unlimited rains in that re­ gion.ll keywords: account; alexander; book; callisthenes; egypt; ethiopia; expedition; fgrhist; flood; john; lucan; lydian; naturales; nile; op.cit; rains; seneca; sources; supra cache: grbs-8181.pdf plain text: grbs-8181.txt item: #1529 of 1726 id: grbs-8191 author: Meritt, Benjamin D. title: Normal Lengths of Prytany in the Athenian Year date: 1976 words: 2914 flesch: 75 summary: The last day of Boedromion was the 88th day of the year (29+ 30+ 29), and this was equated with the 28th day of the third prytany (30+ 30+ 28). 30 29 30 29 30 30=178 days 35 35 35 35 35+ 3=178 days [l]W[Voc]; fr.5 [V7r€1cX€'TO 'T6 M€L7TnlPLOV ... 14. keywords: aleipterion; anointing; baths; building; cent; definition; delorme; ginouves; gymnasium; inscriptions; kat; room; sardis cache: grbs-8611.pdf plain text: grbs-8611.txt item: #1577 of 1726 id: grbs-8621 author: Papadakis, Aristeides title: Gregory II of Cyprus and an Unpublished Report to the Synod date: 1975 words: 7053 flesch: 79 summary: '\ /LECOV a~avEv 'T7JC CTJC OLaLpECEWC, KaL 7Tapa KpELCCOVOC 7J Ka'Ta CE ()€OAOYOV, <'TOV> CWTfjpOC ~/LWV, €lca'YofL€VOV; €l /L~ ~V cpWv7}V €K€tVT}V ~ ~ 'c ~\ , \ , ~ \ \, ~ lJ' H \ n ~ , 'TWV CWV ESELI\EC EvayyEI\LWV, OLa TTJV TpLTTJV COV OLaU7JK'TJV, TO vEvfLa TO N ~ , .... n ' I 6 C\ 8' tI 7 \ ,. I \' '() , \ \ , '\ A Y' A , , ()' A V17'ap<;;€WC 'TOV I\oyov 'TL 7jCLV. al\l\ keywords: beccus; gregory; kal; kat; lov; mark; migne; ola; pachym; patriarch; report; son; spirit; supra; synod; tov; twv cache: grbs-8621.pdf plain text: grbs-8621.txt item: #1578 of 1726 id: grbs-8631 author: Marcovich, Miroslav title: A New Poem of Archilochus: P.Colon. inv. 7511 date: 1975 words: 4355 flesch: 89 summary: K[Jwv riKw] M-W: K[Jwv reK7Jt] Grone­ wald, Koenen and Treu. rwc wc7Tep ~ Kvwv : cf line 31 : rwc WeT£ VE,BP.[Oc:], and Archil. And to tell thee no long tale, dear Moon ... ) recurs in the Greek Anthology, 5.128 (Marcus Argen­ tarius): ~ I \ I - ~, J \ \ , I ..:;.. keywords: archilochus; girl; line; merkelbach; phrase; poem; scripsi; west cache: grbs-8631.pdf plain text: grbs-8631.txt item: #1579 of 1726 id: grbs-8641 author: Mattingly, Harold B. title: The Mysterious 3000 Talents of the First Kallias Decree date: 1975 words: 4041 flesch: 75 summary: Beloch, RhM 43 (1888) 188ff, and Griechische Geschichte2 11.2 (Strassburg 1916) 18 3000 TALENTS OF THB FIRST KALLIAS DECREE The real stumbling-block against dating Kallias 422/1 B.c. remains, the 3000 talents which were taken up to Athena shortly before he proposed his decrees. We must not hope to understand everything, however, and dating Kallias 422/1 B.c. creates no real problem.36 UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS june, 1974 •• See my case in ProcAfrCA 7 {1964) 40 and BCH 92 (1968) 450f. keywords: athena; b.c; bradeen; kallias; op.cit; supra; talents; treasurers cache: grbs-8641.pdf plain text: grbs-8641.txt item: #1580 of 1726 id: grbs-8651 author: Westlake, H. D. title: Xenophon and Epaminondas date: 1975 words: 8086 flesch: 61 summary: This conclusion has much to recommend it, though the Achaean aristocrats may well have de­ ceived Epaminondas when convincing him of their loyalty to Thebes; but it is evidently based to some extent upon knowledge of other con­ flicts between Epaminondas and his own government to which Xenophon nowhere makes any reference. 346s-c Epaminondas challenged his enemies to battle, but they refused because they were awaiting the arrival of their Athenian allies. keywords: action; army; battle; cavalry; epaminondas; gods; mantinea; military; peloponnese; sparta; theban; thebes; xenophon cache: grbs-8651.pdf plain text: grbs-8651.txt item: #1581 of 1726 id: grbs-8661 author: Errington, R. M. title: Arybbas the Molossian date: 1975 words: 4680 flesch: 60 summary: At the beginning of his year of the archon Sosigenes (342/1) he records, in a typical citation from his chronological table, the death of Arybbas ap~a.c ;'T'T} 8lKa. Arybbas is first mentioned by Justin (7.6.10-12), at the time of Philip's marriage with Olympias, after he had overcome the initial difficulties of his reign. keywords: alexander; arybbas; date; death; justin; olympias; op.cit; philip; supra; time; years cache: grbs-8661.pdf plain text: grbs-8661.txt item: #1582 of 1726 id: grbs-8671 author: Stern, Jacob title: Theocritus’ Idyll 14 date: 1975 words: 3834 flesch: 70 summary: In the 'included example' (12-42) there is a reversal of roles: it is now Cynisca, Aeschinas' false mistress, who shows the typical symptoms of love (blushing, inability to speak); Yet as they partake of these traditional aphrodisiacs, the unexpected reality emerges: not a consummation of love for Aeschinas, but the love of Cynisca for Lycus and the violent stupidity of Aeschinas himself. keywords: aeschinas; cynisca; gow; idyll; love; ptolemy; reality; theocritus; thyonichus cache: grbs-8671.pdf plain text: grbs-8671.txt item: #1583 of 1726 id: grbs-8681 author: Diller, Aubrey title: Agathemerus, Sketch of Geography date: 1975 words: 9464 flesch: 89 summary: III 8 <;) \ t I\ '{1 I ('I < <;) \ \ -- <;) 1 - \ ~ \ • £CTt 0£ 'T} JL€/'Ct.l\7] -VPTLC eTaotWV ,£, 'T} 0£ JLl. .J.O•H 8€ llEpCtK~ fJ&.Aacca \ \ 1' I \ keywords: a7to; add; agathemerus; artemidorus; berger; ctaolwv; ctaota; diller; earth; edd; elc; eratosthenes; geography; gulf; kat; kata; miles; mouth; muller; plin; sea; sketch; stades; strabo; tov; twv cache: grbs-8681.pdf plain text: grbs-8681.txt item: #1584 of 1726 id: grbs-8691 author: Stadter, Philip A. title: Plutarch’s Comparison of Pericles and Fabius Maximus date: 1975 words: 3896 flesch: 64 summary: Plutarch's Comparison of Pericles and Fabius Maximus Stadter, Philip A Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1975; 16, 1; ProQuest pg. 77 Plutarch's Comparison of Pericles and Fabius Maximus Philip A. Stadter THE PURPOSE of Plutarch's Parallel Lives was to make clear the moral qualities of the heroes who are being described. He tells us, for instance, that the lives of Pericles and Fabius Maximus, with which I will be concerned here, form the tenth book or {1t{1A.tov of his Lives (Per. 2.5). keywords: comparison; control; fabius; heroes; life; lives; pair; pericles; plutarch; way cache: grbs-8691.pdf plain text: grbs-8691.txt item: #1585 of 1726 id: grbs-8701 author: Huxley, George title: A List of ἄπληκτα date: 1975 words: 2633 flesch: 78 summary: 87 • 88 A LIST OF AnAHKTA view by Bury,6 and more recently by Speros Vryonis Jr7 and by Arnold Toynbee.s Vryonis relies heavily on Ramsay's discussion without taking due account of Bury's article, though he notes its existence; Toynbee on the other hand, while justly describing the text of the list as desper­ ately muddled, does not use Bury's article, and his discussion of the evidence is weakened by a confusion of Koloneia in the list with the theme and fort of that name in northeastern Asia Minor-in fact the Koloneia in the list of etapes is Colonia Archelais (Ak Saray), as Gelzer saw.9 Gelzer correctly rejected Ramsay's alteration of Ko>..wvw.v to .Eavulvav in the list, since the change lacks geographical or palaeo­ graphical justification (Saniana is close to the Halys, but the main road whose etapes are given in the list passes well to the south of the Halys); unfortunately Vryonis follows Ramsay in assuming, in­ correctly, that Saniana was one of the etapes. The list of etapes at the start is straightforward: (1) Malagina, (2) Doryleion, (3) Kaborki(o)n, (4) Kolon(e)ia, (5) Kaisar(e)ia, (6) Dazimon (Tokat) in the Armeniak(on) district, in northeastern Asia Minor. keywords: armeniak; bury; campaign; emperor; list; text; theme cache: grbs-8701.pdf plain text: grbs-8701.txt item: #1586 of 1726 id: grbs-871 author: Rzepka, Jacek title: The Units of Alexander’s Army and the District Divisions of Late Argead Macedonia date: 2008 words: 6994 flesch: 55 summary: Although the latter solution hardly convinces one inclined to more conservative ex- planations, I must admit that it would fit perfectly into a reconstruction of the tripartite division of Macedonian units and districts that I suggest below. I suspect that Plutarch’s total for cavalry units is also the total of Alexander’s Macedonian cavalry which included the double-sized agema, then six ilai of the Companions, and finally six ilai of prodromoi. keywords: alexander; army; arrian; cavalry; companion; diodorus; districts; greek; horse; hypaspists; infantry; macedonian; number; philip; prodromoi; units cache: grbs-871.pdf plain text: grbs-871.txt item: #1587 of 1726 id: grbs-8711 author: Wilson, Nigel title: Some Notable Manuscripts Misattributed or Imaginary date: 1975 words: 2129 flesch: 68 summary: Maximus Planudes and a Famous Codex of Plutarch Wilson, Nigel Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1975; 16, 1; ProQuest pg. In that case it would belong to the years 1302-05, a view adopted by the great majority of the experts who have discussed it.3 Occasionally one finds the more guarded statement that th~ book cannot be proved to date from Planudes' own lifetime.4 1 A. Turyn, Dated Greek Manuscripts of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries in the Libraries of Italy (Urbana-London 1972) 81-87 and plates 59-68. keywords: book; greek; hand; library; nigel; planudes; plutarch cache: grbs-8711.pdf plain text: grbs-8711.txt item: #1588 of 1726 id: grbs-8721 author: Speake, Graham title: Some XV-Century Truths in Apollonius date: 1975 words: 4517 flesch: 76 summary: BooK 1 148 Tovc 7}yt: M R Q, Tovc 8' 7}yt: cett. The praesens propheticum of most MSS. is the lectio difficilior (cf Kuhner-Gerth 1.195ff), but the reading of R Q D is attractive, especially in view of €ccec(}a., in 550. keywords: apollonius; cett; conjecture; frankel; moschus; mss; reading; scribe; text cache: grbs-8721.pdf plain text: grbs-8721.txt item: #1589 of 1726 id: grbs-8731 author: Cole, John R. title: Cimon’s Dismissal, Ephialtes’ Revolution, and the Peloponnesian Wars date: 1974 words: 6768 flesch: 61 summary: Cimon's Dismissal, Ephialtes' Revolution and the Peloponnesian Wars Cole, John R Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1974; 15, 4; ProQuest pg. 369 Cimon's Dismissal, Ephialtes' Revolution and the Peloponnesian Wars John R. Cole THE YEAR 462 B.C. may have marked the most acute crisis in what Bengtson calls the decisive turning point in the internal and external histories of Sparta and Athens.1 We lack the authori­ tative historical source to state from antiquity the case for 462 that Herodotus states for 480 or Thucydides for 431. It is my purpose to encourage a measure of skepticism concerning Thucydides' account of the ogoc ETJV KEc/>CXA/jv, .pE8~ 8' £7TEvr}VO(JE AaxvTJ. (J 1; 'A \ ~ '\ '..1: 'I; '01;' ~ EX I,CTOC 0 XI,I\TJI, ILaMCT 'IV TJO OVCTJt. The Inner Man in Archilochus and the Odyssey Russo, Joseph Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1974; 15, 2; ProQuest pg. keywords: archilochus; epic; eurybates; greek; homer; homeric; inner; lyric; man; new; odysseus; odyssey; poem; poetry; point; qualities; snell; thersites; und cache: grbs-8881.pdf plain text: grbs-8881.txt item: #1606 of 1726 id: grbs-8891 author: Moulton, Carroll title: The End of the Odyssey date: 1974 words: 7370 flesch: 66 summary: The battle itself, fore­ shadowed in Odysseus' concern about the consequences of the slaughter at 23.117-22 and 130-40,54 provides the occasion for a grand finale, not only in terms of the plot, but also in terms of the father­ son motif so pervasive in the Odyssey (cf Laertes' exclamation at 514-15).55 Page's objections to the battle, centering around the killing of some of the relatives,56 seem to ignore the long partnership of Athena and the family of Odysseus. Thus, the normally cautious Alexandrian critics may have been seduced into judging the Odyssey to end with Odysseus and Penelope in bed at 23.296. keywords: end; erbse; homer; homeric; iliad; kirk; lines; odysseus; odyssey; op.cit; page; poem; second; stanford; supra cache: grbs-8891.pdf plain text: grbs-8891.txt item: #1607 of 1726 id: grbs-8901 author: Pearson, Lionel title: Catalexis and Anceps in Pindar: A Search for Rhythmical Logic date: 1974 words: 9172 flesch: 74 summary: It will be noted that modern editors add a punctuation mark only slightly more frequently after short final syllables than after long. O > UpKTTJV EpCOV1Jnuv 7TI\UKU , C7TnpEL, no break is wanted, since C7TElpEL contains no surprise, and the final syllable of 7TAaKct is evidently lengthened by the double consonant that follows.29 As Hecuba approaches he makes good use of hiatus in two consecutive verses (52£) :30 In the scene that follows, Polyxena produces an effective break at the end of verses with final short syllables: Z6 cf. keywords: .i .i; anceps; break; catalexis; d .i; d d; d.l.ll; end; epitrite; pindar; rest; rhythm; strophe; syllable; time; verse; word cache: grbs-8901.pdf plain text: grbs-8901.txt item: #1608 of 1726 id: grbs-891 author: Bryen, Ari Z. title: Visibility and Violence in Petitions from Roman Egypt date: 2008 words: 8221 flesch: 63 summary: Bryen Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 48 (2008) 181–200 Visibility and Violence in Petitions from Roman Egypt Ari Z. Bryen HE STUDY OF VIOLENCE and violent behavior is of special sociological import. On status and violence in the papyri, crucial are Bagnall, BASP 26 (1989) 201–216, and Egypt in Late Antiquity (Princeton 1993), esp. 172; on status and access to legal institutions, see recently J. Harries, “Violence, Victims, and the Legal Tradition in Late Antiquity,” in H. A. Drake (ed.), keywords: a.d; blows; body; egypt; evidence; face; head; individuals; iniuria; law; p.oxy; papyri; petitions; public; roman; slave; society; status; violence; visibility; καὶ cache: grbs-891.pdf plain text: grbs-891.txt item: #1609 of 1726 id: grbs-8911 author: Sutton, Dana Ferrin title: Aeschylus’ Amymone date: 1974 words: 4431 flesch: 64 summary: This seems to fit into a more general pattern of satyr plays or other fourth­ place plays parodying a tragedy with which they were produced. But this relationship would be less difficult to comprehend according to the Wilamowitzian theory that Helen is a fourth-place prosatyric play of the Alcestis type, and there are several reasons for so thinking, principally because it uses a plot, themes and characterizations that are recognizably assembled out of precisely the same stereotypes that are the routine fare of satyr plays. keywords: aeschylus; amymone; myth; play; poseidon; satyr; satyr play; silenus; situation; supplices; supra; trilogy cache: grbs-8911.pdf plain text: grbs-8911.txt item: #1610 of 1726 id: grbs-8921 author: Huxley, George title: Aristotle’s Interest in Biography date: 1974 words: 4695 flesch: 69 summary: The narrative in the ps.-Plutarchan fragment is not complete-we are not told, for instance, where and when Homer created the Iliad and the Odyssey, or what prompted the composition of the Margites, which Aristotle (Poet. 144Sb30) believed to be the work of Homer also; but we can see that it was Aristotle's aim in the dia­ logue to show that the various traditions about Homer could be com­ bined into a biography. keywords: aesop; aikman; aristotle; biography; dialogue; evidence; hesiod; homer; interest; orpheus; poetry; poets; ross; work cache: grbs-8921.pdf plain text: grbs-8921.txt item: #1611 of 1726 id: grbs-8931 author: Bagnall, Roger S. title: The Toparch Leon and his Archive date: 1974 words: 2756 flesch: 65 summary: P. Yale 36 is a letter of an Apollonios to Leon, forwarding the letter of the dioiketes Athenodoros to Apollonios re­ garding the sowing schedule and adding an admonition to Leon to be sure to do his part so that the two officials may turn in the schedule to the archiphylakites at the proper time. 215 216 THE TOPARCH LEON AND HIS ARCHIVE probably from Apollonios (of no.36), 3 to Leon ordering him to take care of the transport of some materials. keywords: apollonios; documents; leon; letter; yale cache: grbs-8931.pdf plain text: grbs-8931.txt item: #1612 of 1726 id: grbs-8941 author: Gruen, Erich S. title: The Last Years of Philip V date: 1974 words: 11705 flesch: 69 summary: And Perseus was the proper choice, the man whom Philip expected to carry out 83 Livy 40.5.2,5.6,5.7,5.12-14,10.5-11.4, U.S. 64 Livy 40.5.S. Demetrius' tears: Livy 40.12.1-3, 16.1; his justification of contacts with Rome: 40.12.14-17, 15.5-S. 65 Livy 40.15.5-8; see Walbank, Philip V, 247; Meloni 46. 221 The Last Years of Philip V Erich S. Gruen THE LAST YEARS of Philip V were clouded with bitterness, an­ guish and tragedy. keywords: aenus; demetrius; erich; eumenes; fact; flamininus; gruen; king; letter; livy; macedonian; maronea; perseus; philip; philip v; policy; polyb; polybius; relations; roman; rome; senate; tradition; walbank; war; years cache: grbs-8941.pdf plain text: grbs-8941.txt item: #1613 of 1726 id: grbs-8951 author: Highet, Gilbert title: Lexical Notes on Dio Chrysostom date: 1974 words: 2341 flesch: 84 summary: Such, for example, are: a8laTOC II, 'not seeing' (Dio Chrys. 4.113); aKa8EKToc, 'ungovernable' (Dio 7.138); oLaTopoc, neut. Dio is often an attractive writer. keywords: chrysostom; dio; lsj; pass; refer; word cache: grbs-8951.pdf plain text: grbs-8951.txt item: #1614 of 1726 id: grbs-8961 author: Wallace, Paul W. title: Hesiod and the Valley of the Muses date: 1974 words: 8608 flesch: 75 summary: A location south of Helikon (ev 'Tip /LEC'Y]/L{3PLVip) would place Askra com­ pletely outside of the Valley of the Muses, thereby conflicting with all the other evidence we have. Hesiod and the Valley of the Muses Wallace, Paul W Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1974; 15, 1; ProQuest pg. 5 Hesiod and the Valley of the Muses Paul W. Wallace H ESIOD lived at Askra in the Valley of the Muses, in a remote and secluded district among the foothills of Mt Helikon in southwest Boiotia.1 Hesiod has rather a lot to say about his homeland; in fact, few Greek authors have given so much detail about the places where they themselves lived. keywords: agios; askra; helikon; hesiod; hill; identification; keressos; leake; muses; olmeios; op.cit; pausanias; permessos; pyrgaki; rivers; site; spring; strabo; stream; supra; supra n.2; valley cache: grbs-8961.pdf plain text: grbs-8961.txt item: #1615 of 1726 id: grbs-8971 author: Boegehold, Alan L. title: Korinthiaka date: 1974 words: 5027 flesch: 68 summary: On the other hand, [---]evoL, assuming they are Corinthian letters,! Stroud notes [--]£voc or [-]1)VOC, a possible restoration ofBV\o~ (op.at. 322 n.19), and H. Metzger's assertion (REG 83 [1970] 123) that Stroud did not recognize Corinthian letters could perhaps have been modified to acknowledge Stroud's note. keywords: alphabet; beta; century; corinthian; form; greek; inscriptions; jeffery; letters; line; names; sherds cache: grbs-8971.pdf plain text: grbs-8971.txt item: #1616 of 1726 id: grbs-8981 author: Young, Douglas C. C. title: The Text of the Recognition Duet in Euripides’ Helena date: 1974 words: 7021 flesch: 73 summary: In ascribing verses to speakers L uses abbreviated forms of names at 622 and 625, but merely a paragraphos thereafter till 646. I:' , ,I.(J A' ., - (J , pa OE ILEIL'r EtC OVVEK OU VLKat Eac, • (; I A \ (; I I:' \ I ES 7J VElLwCE TaIL I\Esavopwt I\EX7J, I:' 'I:' 1:'' \ \.. keywords: corr; dale; dimeter; dochmii; dochmius; duet; euripides; hel; helen; men; menelaos; papyrus; paradosis; recognition; text; trimeter; zuntz cache: grbs-8981.pdf plain text: grbs-8981.txt item: #1617 of 1726 id: grbs-8991 author: Lowry, S. Todd title: Aristotle’s ‘Natural Limit’ and the Economics of Price Regulations date: 1974 words: 3014 flesch: 45 summary: Natural price, enforced by natural competition, presumably kept the retailer from charging more than the bare minimum necessary to cover the costs of servicing the needs of his customers regardless of his motives. Nineteenth-century economic theory dealt with this problem by extending the concept of natural control with the aid of Adam Smith's theory of natural competitive price. keywords: aristotle; exchange; goods; limit; natural; retailer; wealth cache: grbs-8991.pdf plain text: grbs-8991.txt item: #1618 of 1726 id: grbs-9001 author: Tarán, Sonya Lida title: Aristotle, Rhetoric 3.2-7: an Analysis date: 1974 words: 3901 flesch: 70 summary: A comparison of chapters 2 to 4 with 5 to 7 leads him to the conclusion that the latter chapters cannot be considered a more detailed discussion of the matters outlined in chapter 2, which is essentially a later version of chapter 5, written after Aristotle had developed the theory of metaphor in the Poetics. This refers to chapters 3 and 7: in chapter 3 (1406a7) he mentions TO xpf}cOCt£ yAwTTaLc, and in chapter 7 (140SblD-12)weread: TU o€ ovop.aTu TU O£7TA& Kat [TU]E7TtOETa 7TAEtWKUt TU g€VU P.&ALCTU app. keywords: aristotle; beginning; chapter; composition; kennedy; poetics; rhetoric; words cache: grbs-9001.pdf plain text: grbs-9001.txt item: #1619 of 1726 id: grbs-901 author: Duff, Timothy E. title: The Opening of Plutarch’s Life of Themistokles date: 2008 words: 8771 flesch: 64 summary: 40 On Miltiades’ trophy and Themistokles see Duff, in Parallelism, and “The Text of Plutarch, Themistokles 2.3,” Philologus (forthcoming). But in its Plutarchan context, the couplet is cited to confirm Plutarch’s claim that Themistokles was a nothos.6 Some commentators, assuming that Plutarch saw in it proof of Themistokles’ notheia simply in the fact that his mother was foreign, have accused Plutarch of a crass anachronism. keywords: athenian; athens; camillus; couplet; duff; evidence; father; greek; life; lives; mother; nothos; opening; plutarch; themistokles cache: grbs-901.pdf plain text: grbs-901.txt item: #1620 of 1726 id: grbs-9011 author: Martin, Jr, Hubert title: Plutarch’s De facie: the Recapituations and the Lost Beginning date: 1974 words: 7049 flesch: 63 summary: At 929B Lucius observes that the comrade won approval in his discourse (EV'Tfj Ota'Tptf3fj) by 24; Cherniss 16-17; and G6rgemanns, Us. 21-89 passim; and cf. The dialogue proper is a conversation reported by Plutarch's brother Lamprias, who was a chief speaker and who, during chapters 1-23, joined with one Lucius in recapitulating for the six other interlocutors some previous discourse (or discourses) that occurred under unspecified circumstances.2 keywords: beginning; chapter; cherniss; comrade; discussion; facie; gorgemanns; lamprias; lecture; lucius; moon; plutarch; pohlenz; recapitulation; sulla; summary cache: grbs-9011.pdf plain text: grbs-9011.txt item: #1621 of 1726 id: grbs-9021 author: Alföldy, Géza title: The Crisis of the Third Century as Seen by Contemporaries date: 1974 words: 9922 flesch: 62 summary: But in the Roman Empire the decline is acknowledged in a manner which leaves no room for doubt.! Apart from all religious and philosophical differences, contem­ porary Christian views on the present condition of the Empire show interesting similarities. keywords: age; alfoldy; century; christian; church; crisis; cyprian; decius; decline; dio; emperor; empire; esp; future; herodian; history; new; order; pagan; rome; time; view; wars; world cache: grbs-9021.pdf plain text: grbs-9021.txt item: #1622 of 1726 id: grbs-9031 author: Speake, Graham title: The Scribal Habits of Demetrius Moschus date: 1974 words: 7870 flesch: 76 summary: 1062 aC7Ttnv apaTE] aC7Ttn ~pagaTE D. Cf Iliad 13.130 and 15.566: the result of an unfamiliar form and reminiscence of the Homeric passages. GRAHAM SPEAKE 119 470 €OV JLopov] EJLOV voov D. Cf Odyssey 4.493 ot3De oaijV(XL EJLOV voov. keywords: apollonius; demetrius; frankel; habits; homeric; iliad; line; mechanical; metre; moschus; mrq; odyssey; op.cit; result; rqcd; scribe; speake; text; word cache: grbs-9031.pdf plain text: grbs-9031.txt item: #1623 of 1726 id: grbs-9041 author: Burnett, Anne title: Curse and Dream in Aeschylus’ Septem date: 1973 words: 12858 flesch: 67 summary: The uncomprehended Curse was taken over from Patzer,4 and Solmsen's earlier emphasis upon the force of the Fury was wel­ comed,5 but von Fritz himself was chiefly interested in the necessities that he found to be at work within the ethos of Eteocles. O. Regenbogen, Bemerkungen zu den Sieben des Aischylos, Hermes 68 (1933) 63ff, would have Eteocles move towards the Seventh Gate almost as an automaton, in unconscious obedience to the Curse, whereas B. Snell, Aischylos und das Handlung im Drama (Philologus Supplbd. keywords: aeschylus; brother; chorus; city; curse; death; dream; enemy; eteocles; gate; king; lot; man; oedipus; op.cit; play; scene; second; septem; supra; thebes; tragedy; words cache: grbs-9041.pdf plain text: grbs-9041.txt item: #1624 of 1726 id: grbs-9051 author: Vaio, John title: The Manipulation of Theme and Action in Aristophanes’ Lysistrata date: 1973 words: 5579 flesch: 68 summary: 372 THEME AND ACTION IN LYSISTRATA motif in connection with that of women at home, and against this early statement Aristophanes will reintroduce and develop these subjects in the scenes to come. Don't we women serve as your treasurers at home as well? (495). keywords: acropolis; action; aristophanes; dover; home; lysistrata; plan; prologue; sex; strike; supra; theme; wilamowitz; women cache: grbs-9051.pdf plain text: grbs-9051.txt item: #1625 of 1726 id: grbs-9061 author: Berg, Beverly title: An Early Source of the Alexander Romance date: 1973 words: 3353 flesch: 53 summary: On the books of Ptolemy and other Alexander historians see L. Pearson, The Lost His­ tories of Alexander the Great (APA Philological Monographs XX, 1960). This letter collection, as we now know, like the marvel letters (apocryphal letters from Alexander on the marvels of the East, so clumsily inserted into the Romance that their separate origin is plain to all), was once independent of any novel or history. keywords: alexander; alexandria; callisthenes; nectanebo; pseudo; romance; story cache: grbs-9061.pdf plain text: grbs-9061.txt item: #1626 of 1726 id: grbs-9071 author: Oliver, James H. title: Imperial Commissioners in Achaia date: 1973 words: 6513 flesch: 68 summary: TWV 7TPOEOPWIl , .1. ',J. r fH' \ n ,\ , ~ t , \ \.. \ \ E7TE'I'TJ'I'L ':,Ell paKI\ELTOC ELpLEVC Kat CVJl7TPOEOPOL' 0 E7TL Ta 07Tl\a CTpaTTJYOC , ~ I \ I \ ~ , \ t ''A 'E \ ... \ \' I a \' t , , 'E'\ '[] ~ I~ 'VI\VEVC Eypa/L/LaTEVEII, /-,OVI\TJ tEpa Ell I\EVCELVt l!!' keywords: achaia; athens; cities; city; claudius; commissioners; coponius; epimelete; hesperia; inscription; kal; kat; maximus; oliver; sacred; title; twv cache: grbs-9071.pdf plain text: grbs-9071.txt item: #1627 of 1726 id: grbs-9081 author: Sokolowski, Franciszek title: On the New Pergamene Lex Sacra date: 1973 words: 3248 flesch: 72 summary: Lpa~OV Kat Ll Lt JlffLAL X{WL 7T07T[ a]­ [VOV paf30w ]TOV EVVEOf. LOU Kat TP~7TESOVC(Jw CKEAoc OEg[ L]- [OV Kat Cl7]Actyxva. keywords: asclepios; copyright; kat; lex; op.cit; sacra; sokolowski; supra cache: grbs-9081.pdf plain text: grbs-9081.txt item: #1628 of 1726 id: grbs-9091 author: Keany, John J. title: Alphabetization in Harpocration’s Lexicon date: 1973 words: 3124 flesch: 62 summary: LETTER-SERIES NUMBER OF GLOSSES GLOSSES DISLOCATED 'l' 3 0 Z 4 0 ,... .!: Now, if certain sequences are excluded for 8 In the following lists dislocated glosses are marked with an asterisk. keywords: alphabetization; glosses; harpocration; lexicon; order; series; text cache: grbs-9091.pdf plain text: grbs-9091.txt item: #1629 of 1726 id: grbs-91 author: Robertson, Noel title: The Praxiergidae Decree (IG I3 7) and the Dressing of Athena’s Statue with the Peplos date: 2004 words: 23488 flesch: 71 summary: “The Old Temple,” a term subsequently used in the inventories of the Tamiae of Athena and in the Lycurgan law on the Lesser Panathe- naea, contains the statue of Athena Polias with which the Praxier- gidae are concerned, itself sometimes called “the old statue.” 9 IG II2 687.44 (268/7 or 265/4 B.C.), treaty with Sparta, “beside the temple of Athena Polias”; 983.5–6 (ca 250), honours for Athena’s priestess, “beside the old temple of Athena Polias”; 1055.24–25 (perhaps distinctly earlier than ca 100; cf. keywords: acropolis; athena; calendar; callynteria; custom; date; day; decree; dressing; festival; girls; inscriptions; lambert; lewis; like; lines; mantle; month; new; noel; panathenaea; peplos; plynteria; praxiergidae; praxiergidae decree; ritual; robertson; second; space; statue; supra; temple; thargelion; time; woman; year cache: grbs-91.pdf plain text: grbs-91.txt item: #1630 of 1726 id: grbs-9101 author: Whittaker, John title: Varia Procliana date: 1973 words: 3525 flesch: 74 summary: 2.166.23- 167.2 Kroll, concerning the manner in which souls communicate) reads as follows: , ... \ \ ., ~ I 0 - \ \ \ • De decem dub. keywords: decem; greek; kat; op.cit; philoponus; proclus; remp; supra; symeon; text; vaticanus cache: grbs-9101.pdf plain text: grbs-9101.txt item: #1631 of 1726 id: grbs-911 author: Irby-Massie, Georgia L. title: Prometheus Bound and Contemporary Trends in Greek Natural Philosophy date: 2008 words: 9375 flesch: 61 summary: 10 Podlecki, Prometheus Bound 159. Podlecki, Prometheus Bound 200, cautiously suggests authenticity, conceding that the tragedy may not have received the author’s final revisions. keywords: aeschylus; air; author; cosmos; earth; elements; empedocles; fire; greek; heraclitus; herington; kahn; okeanos; philosophy; play; prometheus; thought; understanding; water; world; zeus cache: grbs-911.pdf plain text: grbs-911.txt item: #1632 of 1726 id: grbs-9121 author: Fairweather, Janet title: The Death of Heraclitus date: 1973 words: 3135 flesch: 69 summary: According to Neanthes of Cyzicus2 Heraclitus, suffering from dropsy, attempted to cure him­ self by covering his body with manure and lying out in the sun to dry, but he was made unrecognizable by the dung covering and was finally eaten by dogs. Cf K. Lehrs, PopuLare Aufsitt{el (Leipzig 1895) 395ff, on comedy as a possible source for death stories. keywords: death; dogs; dropsy; heraclitus; story; supra cache: grbs-9121.pdf plain text: grbs-9121.txt item: #1633 of 1726 id: grbs-9131 author: Diggle, James title: The Supplices of Euripides date: 1973 words: 13076 flesch: 78 summary: v C 'I' '\ \ , '\ A HO. - W p,EI\Eat p'EI\EWV p,aTEpEC 1\0Xaywv • STR. \ \ \ , , ' TEVXEC'I'0POV P.EV I\aov EKTEWOVT avw 'T' \{J' \,J: \' 655 Jcp.'YJVLOV 7TpOC keywords: aesch; amphion; cavalry; chariots; collard; conjecture; corpses; diggle; edge; euripides; evidence; gate; iii; infantry; james; kat; left; line; location; markland; murray; nauck; noun; page; phrase; place; position; right; soph; supplices; supra; text; tomb; wilamowitz; words; yap cache: grbs-9131.pdf plain text: grbs-9131.txt item: #1634 of 1726 id: grbs-9141 author: Huxley, George title: Aristotle as Antiquary date: 1973 words: 6932 flesch: 65 summary: In this respect Aristotle works in much the same way as any his­ torian of our own time investigating early Greek history; an illumin­ ating passage from a novel by Miss Iris Murdoch perfectly conveys the intellectual challenge to the historian and the importance of an Aristotelian concern for detail: There are certain areas of scholarship, early Greek history is one and Roman law is another, where the scanti­ ness of evidence sets a special challenge to the disciplined mind. According to Aristotle Samos had been an empty waste until the enormous beasts invaded the island.7 keywords: antiquary; aristotle; century; dilts; evidence; example; george; greek; history; huxley; lykourgos; mycenae; past; politeiai; politics; story; time cache: grbs-9141.pdf plain text: grbs-9141.txt item: #1635 of 1726 id: grbs-9151 author: Webster, T. B. L. title: Woman Hates Soldier: A Structural Approach to New Comedy date: 1973 words: 5991 flesch: 77 summary: Krateia was also captured and was later sold to Thrasonides, who sets up house with her in Rhodes. Getas enters and for nearly forty lines gives vent to his rage at the behaviour of Demeas and Krateia to Thrasonides, while Kleinias vainly tries to break in. keywords: code; demeas; getas; kleinias; krateia; menander; play; soldier; thrasonides; woman cache: grbs-9151.pdf plain text: grbs-9151.txt item: #1636 of 1726 id: grbs-9161 author: Speake, Graham; Vian, Francis title: The So-called D-Manuscripts of Apollonius date: 1973 words: 6850 flesch: 81 summary: Only the shared conjectures listed at 2.1155 and 4.436 are worth considering, but they alone do not allow us to posit a group FN M R Q CD. EAyoVet( v) G M R Q CD: aJ-t'py- cett. keywords: agreements; apollonius; cett; family; group; lvi; manuscripts; mss; r q; readings cache: grbs-9161.pdf plain text: grbs-9161.txt item: #1637 of 1726 id: grbs-9171 author: Lattimore, Steven title: Battus in Theocritus’ Fourth Idyll date: 1973 words: 2925 flesch: 68 summary: It seems more plausible to understand Battus as an occasional visitor to the country (perhaps first drawn there by Amaryllis).25 He likes Corydon and prides himself on his knowledge of the local gossip, while Corydon, a genuine herdsman, insists on his own ability as a singer (29ff).26 Battus (,Chatterbox') romanticizes some aspects of country life, tries out as a goatherd with a rather phony line (39), then makes a fool of himself by pricking his foot; he is amazed at the thick­ ness of the thornbushes and seems unable to draw out the thorn him- which reverses that of Lycidas, seems out of character for Corydon. The goatherd Battus meets his friend Corydon, who is tending Aegon's cows (1-4). keywords: battus; corydon; idyll; lawall; op.cit; poem; supra; theocritus cache: grbs-9171.pdf plain text: grbs-9171.txt item: #1638 of 1726 id: grbs-9181 author: Hansen, Hardy title: The Meaning of λειπογνώμων date: 1973 words: 3280 flesch: 73 summary: This is more evidence that in the fifth cen­ tury other words than AH1TOYVcfJp.wv were used of full-grown animals. We have no ancient evidence about the role of yvwJ.L0V€C in telling the age of sheep and oxen, but if the term A€t- 1TOYVWJ.LWV was used similarly of all domestic animals, one would con­ clude that certain milk teeth of the sheep and ox were called yvwjJ-OV€C and that when all these were lost the animal was considered full­ grown, or A€L7TOYVWp,wv. keywords: animal; calendar; meaning; sheep; sokolowski; teeth; word cache: grbs-9181.pdf plain text: grbs-9181.txt item: #1639 of 1726 id: grbs-9191 author: Daly, Lloyd W. title: Rotuli: Liturgy Rolls and Formal Documents date: 1973 words: 2289 flesch: 68 summary: As rolls they may be thought of as survivals of the ancient book roll, but this easy explanation will not stand up to critical consideration, since liturgy rolls are written trans­ versa charta (i.e., with their lines of writing at right angles to the long axis of the roll) in direct contrast to the practice for book rolls, and they are frequently opisthographic. The model taken for the format of liturgy rolls was not literary but docu­ mentary. keywords: documents; form; format; liturgy; papyrus; roll; use cache: grbs-9191.pdf plain text: grbs-9191.txt item: #1640 of 1726 id: grbs-9201 author: Lefkowitz, Mary R. title: Critical Stereotypes and the Poetry of Sappho date: 1973 words: 4375 flesch: 59 summary: Critical Stereotypes and the Poetry of Sappho Lefkowitz, Mary R Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1973; 14, 2; ProQuest pg. 113 Critical Stereotypes and the Poetry of Sappho Mary R. Lefkowitz CRITICISM OF CREATIVE ART seems curiously dependent on biog­ raphy. The exaggerated terms in 111 On the meaning of tcoc 8€ow, see Garry Wills, Sappho 31 and Catullus 51, GRBS 8 (1967) 174-83, and M. Marcovich, Sappho Fr.31: Anxiety Attack or Love Declaration, CQ N.S. 32 (1972) 26. keywords: criticism; dickinson; emily; girl; life; man; narrator; poem; poetry; sappho; women cache: grbs-9201.pdf plain text: grbs-9201.txt item: #1641 of 1726 id: grbs-921 author: Stallsmith, Allaire B. title: The Name of Demeter Thesmophoros date: 2008 words: 6465 flesch: 67 summary: The Eleusinion in Eleusis was the site of other Demeter festivals, such as the Haloa or Thesmophoria.68 Local deme sanctuaries in Attica offered various rites and festivals in honor of Demeter.69 Although local Thesmophoria were performed in the Attic demes, the City Eleusinion may have been the site of the “national” Athenian celebration.70 It seems that any Demeter sanctuary was suitable for women’s Demeter mysteries, no matter what epithet the goddess bore.71 This encounter resulted in the birth of a daughter, Despoina (Mistress, a title of Kore-Per- sephone), as well as a horse, the legendary Arion.11 The titles Melaina and Erinys are seen as relics of a very old form of Demeter cult, partly because of their location in Arcadia, that most archaic region, and partly because of their association with xoana, unimaginably ancient wooden statues. keywords: cults; demeter; epithet; festival; greek; laws; mysteries; religion; rites; ritual; sanctuary; secret; thesmophoros; title; women cache: grbs-921.pdf plain text: grbs-921.txt item: #1642 of 1726 id: grbs-9211 author: Ruebel, James S. title: The Tyrannies of Peisistratos date: 1973 words: 5562 flesch: 71 summary: (supra n.3) 193f; his dates are: first tyranny: 561/0; first exile 560/59; second tyranny 558/7; second exile 557/6; third tyranny 547/6. after five years' rule;? 545, eleven years later;8 tyrannies and first exile is possible. keywords: adcock; ath.pol; exile; figures; herodotos; jacoby; op.cit; peisistratos; second; supra; tyrannies; tyranny; years cache: grbs-9211.pdf plain text: grbs-9211.txt item: #1643 of 1726 id: grbs-9221 author: Huxley, George title: The Date of Pherekydes of Athens date: 1973 words: 2673 flesch: 77 summary: The quotation by Didymos from Pherekydes, however, shows at most that Miltiades the oikist was descended from Aias; it does not prove that Miltiades the oikist (or Miltiades father of Kimon) traced his descent back to Aiakos son of Zeus. In Aiginetan legend Telamon and Peleus were brothers, being sons of Aiakos.5 But Pherekydes published a drastically altered pedigree of Telamon; according to this, Telamon was the son of Aktaios by Glauke daughter of Kynchreus. keywords: athenian; athens; jacoby; kimon; miltiades; oulios; pherekydes; son cache: grbs-9221.pdf plain text: grbs-9221.txt item: #1644 of 1726 id: grbs-9231 author: Reeve, Michael D. title: Interpolation in Greek Tragedy, III date: 1973 words: 12189 flesch: 82 summary: '\ \' , '> '>' (3' '.1. ' 1169 vfLac S~ TWVSE XP~ X&pLV fLEfLV7]p.ivovc [ , y t - 'f' 'c'­ CW~ELV, OPWVT(xC wv EKVPC(xT ES EfLov, - I 8' t - , ~ \ , \ \' ] 7rCXCLV V?TEL7rOV TOvcoE TOVC (XVTOVC I\OYOVC, ..... , \ ,~' ' keywords: ajax; del; deletion; der; die; electra; euripides; greek; interpolation; ist; kat; lines; man; michael; nauck; nicht; orestes; ovk; reeve; sense; speech; tov; tovc; tragedy; und; vvv; wecklein; wilamowitz; yap; ylpwv cache: grbs-9231.pdf plain text: grbs-9231.txt item: #1645 of 1726 id: grbs-9241 author: Frel, Jirí title: An Attic Grave Stele with Epigram date: 1973 words: 1822 flesch: 69 summary: The former could be compared chronologically to the stele of Mynno12 and dated about 390 B.C. Mynnia may be some ten to fifteen years later, pointing to 10 cf K. Vierneisel, AthMitt 83 (1968) 111ff, and G. Daux, BCH 96 (1972) 503ff. 173 An Attic Grave Stele with Epigram Jifi Frel ~ ONG THE RECENT acquisitions of ancient sculpture in the J. Paul Getty Museum, an Attic original, the stele of Mynnia from the early fourth century, deserves particular attention: it provides a good illustration of some general problems involved in funerary imagery and versification.1 The stele (A71·53, ht. 1.23 m) is a slab of Pentelic marble broken into three fragments with some parts missing. keywords: inscription; mynnia; relief; stele cache: grbs-9241.pdf plain text: grbs-9241.txt item: #1646 of 1726 id: grbs-9251 author: Hourmouziades, N. C. title: Menander’s Actors date: 1973 words: 4604 flesch: 61 summary: On the other hand, an approach based on the restrictions of the three-actor rule would necessarily split the parts of Parmenon and Chrysis: the former can be played, say, by actor B at the beginning of the play (60ft), provided, of course, that Parmenon leaves the stage a number of verses before the entrance of Demeas and Niceratus (A and C);4 then by actor A in 189ff, since in the preceding scene (159f in particular) Moschion (A) seems to be trying to find an excuse to avoid meeting his future father-in-law and, consequently, leaves the stage at 162; again by actor A in 280ff, because Moschion does not appear at all in this act; lastly by actor C at the end of the play (640£1), where the interval between Parmenon's exit (some time after 690) and Niceratus' entrance (713) is long enough for a change of costume. To save the three-actor rule, the editor proposes the following solu­ tion:8 actor A, as Pyrrhias, disappears soon after 145; some time after 150 a mute, dressed up as Pyrrhias, appears at the door of the shrine to H overhear Sostratos' words; in the meantime, actor A has changed his costume and reentered as the Daughter at 189. keywords: actors; characters; daos; distribution; menander; moschion; parmenon; parts; stage cache: grbs-9251.pdf plain text: grbs-9251.txt item: #1647 of 1726 id: grbs-9261 author: Tracy, Stephen V. title: Identifying Epigraphical Hands, II date: 1973 words: 2360 flesch: 78 summary: IG II2 525 The date assigned to it in IG, fin. IG II2 661 archon Menekles (267/6) keywords: agora; archon; hesperia; letter cache: grbs-9261.pdf plain text: grbs-9261.txt item: #1648 of 1726 id: grbs-9271 author: Arnott, W. Geoffrey title: Imitation, Variation, Exploitation: a Study in Aristaenetus date: 1973 words: 6426 flesch: 56 summary: Imitation, Variation, Exploitation: a Study in Aristaenetus Arnott, W Geoffrey Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Summer 1973; 14, 2; ProQuest pg. 197 Imitation, Variation, Exploitation: a Study in Aristaenetus w. Geoffrey Arnott DR OTTO MAZAL'S new Teubner edition of Aristaenetus (Stutt­ gart 1971) is to be welcomed on several accounts. Callim­ achus, however, describes both the prenuptial sleeping together of bride and KOVpOC (vv.1-9)15 and the reflection of the bulls' heads in the mirrorlike surface of the water in the sacrificial basin (10-11), two details which Aristaenetus omits,16 replacing them with a quotation from Sappho (fr.71.6 Lobel-Page) and a much less imaginative refer­ ence to the wedding-song before the bridal chamber-a cliche that can be paralleled from a number of literary epigramsP keywords: aristaenetus; comedy; context; exploitation; leonidas; letter; material; menander; phrases; play; source; use; variation; words cache: grbs-9271.pdf plain text: grbs-9271.txt item: #1649 of 1726 id: grbs-9281 author: Hägg, Tomas title: Photius at Work: Evidence from the Text of the Bibliotheca date: 1973 words: 4309 flesch: 61 summary: But Photius' own words in the same letter have been the starting point also for the discussion of another ques­ tion, which will be the subject of the present article: did Photius, as he himself alleges, compose from memory ? Now if Photius had the original in front of him when he was sup­ plementing his main series of excerpts with these stylistic samples, what would make us think that he had a moment earlier drawn from memory those extensive verbatim extracts from the very same work? keywords: bibliotheca; cod; excerpts; memory; original; photius; text; tion; words; work cache: grbs-9281.pdf plain text: grbs-9281.txt item: #1650 of 1726 id: grbs-9291 author: Wilson, Nigel G. title: Three Byzantine Scribes date: 1973 words: 2477 flesch: 69 summary: Maas identified one of the two hands as Eustathius (hand E) and called the other hand S, by which I suppose he may have meant to indicate the archbishop's secretary.6 If Eustathius were having a copy of his own writings prepared by a secretary we might expect him to intervene in this way himself if the original copy had been damaged in a few places; in other words we might rather expect hand E to appear in this way; but it does not. keywords: byzantine; century; eustathius; hand; leo; recto cache: grbs-9291.pdf plain text: grbs-9291.txt item: #1651 of 1726 id: grbs-9301 author: Mosshammer, Alden A. title: The Apollodoran Akmai of Hellanicus and Herodotus date: 1973 words: 3647 flesch: 63 summary: Nam Hellanicus initio belli Pelo­ ponnesiaci fuisse quinque et sexaginta annos natus uidetur, Herodotus tres et quinquaginta, Thucydides quadraginta. The Apollodoran Akmai of Hellanicus and Herodotus Mosshammer, Alden A Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1973; 14, 1; ProQuest pg. 5 The Apollodoran Akmai of Hellanicus and Herodotus Alden A. M osshammer OUR CHIEF EVIDENCE for the ancient chronographic tradition on Hellanicus, Herodotus and Thucydides is that famous passage where Gellius (15.23), citing Pamphila, groups the three historians together and assigns them an age at the beginning of the Peloponnesian War of sixty-five, fifty-three and forty years, respec­ tively. keywords: akme; apollodorus; date; hecataeus; hellanicus; herodotus; jacoby; thurii; year cache: grbs-9301.pdf plain text: grbs-9301.txt item: #1652 of 1726 id: grbs-931 author: Cadwallader, Alan title: The Reverend Dr. John Luke and the Churches of Chonai date: 2008 words: 7879 flesch: 63 summary: Microsoft Word - Cadwall.doc Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 48 (2008) 319–338 © 2008 GRBS The Reverend Dr. John Luke and the Churches of Chonai Alan Cadwallader HE CHURCH of St. Michael at Chonai in south-west Turkey was one of the most famous pilgrimage centres through the entire Byzantine period.1 “Chonai” was a successor name2 and was repeatedly cited in direct connection with the ancient site of Colossae—its name “from of old”—by Byzantine writers.3 Their references convey no sense of sep- arate revival or displacement such as has become a common- place among contemporary interpreters. One manuscript of the story of the miracle St. Michael of Chonai gives it the title “The Miracle by the Archangel Michael that hap- pened in Chonai in Colossae of Phrygia”: AnalBoll 21 (1902) 396 no. 3. keywords: asia; byzantine; century; chonai; churches; colossae; date; foss; greek; john; levant; london; luke; michael; minor; remains; theodore cache: grbs-931.pdf plain text: grbs-931.txt item: #1653 of 1726 id: grbs-9311 author: Sinnige, Theo Gerard title: Cosmic Religion in Aristotle date: 1973 words: 8947 flesch: 57 summary: Cosmic Religion in Aristotle Sinnige, Theo Gerard Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1973; 14, 1; ProQuest pg. 15 Cosmic Religion in Aristotle Theo Gerard Sinnige THE ARGUMENTS of Aristotle's book on theology, Metaphysics XII (Lambda), have a strongly consistent logical construction in their favour, but may raise doubts as to the authenticity of Aristotle's religious feelings. The fragments prove that many of the convictions laid down here have a Platonic background, while at the same time Aristotle develops very outspoken views of his own on points in which he came to disagree with Plato.21 Aristotle must have felt from the outset that Plato's search for first principles in a realm of transcendent Forms was an undertaking in which he could not follow his master. keywords: argument; aristotle; divine; existence; god; metaphysics; plato; point; religion; theory; universe; work; world cache: grbs-9311.pdf plain text: grbs-9311.txt item: #1654 of 1726 id: grbs-9321 author: Highet, Gilbert title: The Huntsman and the Castaway date: 1973 words: 2433 flesch: 68 summary: Menander's Halieus may have contained a shipwreck and a rescue (see fr.15); fragment 14 expresses a sentiment rather like that which Dio voices in §§109-26;12 but the other fragments will not fit into any intrigue such as has been suggested above. It was poor: he lived mostly by hunting, dressed in skins (§62), and grew only a little grain (§§11 and 45). keywords: comedy; demeas; dio; huntsman; kock; menander cache: grbs-9321.pdf plain text: grbs-9321.txt item: #1655 of 1726 id: grbs-9331 author: Moulton, Carroll title: Theocritus and the Dioscuri date: 1973 words: 3068 flesch: 70 summary: The epilogue was equally censured, in that Theocritus' reference to the Trojan war (215fT) and to Homer (218) seemed un_ timely; the Dioscuri are mentioned only once in the Iliad, and in no very prominent connection.6 Gow concluded that parts 1 and 2 were written first and were meant to stand as separate poems. Gow was right to draw attention to the disparity of style and contrast in subject matter in part 3, but we may perhaps find an explanation of the peculiarities he noted without assuming that Theocritus did not know what he was doing. keywords: amykos; castor; dioscuri; gow; homer; poem; pollux; theocritus cache: grbs-9331.pdf plain text: grbs-9331.txt item: #1656 of 1726 id: grbs-9341 author: Clay, Diskin title: Sailing to Lampsacus: Diogenes of Oenoanda, New Fragment 7 date: 1973 words: 4422 flesch: 72 summary: He was brought to this interpretation by the word TVfLTrClVOV in col. ii line 12 and two letters of col. iii line 7, which he restored as i.\[lKWV] 'whirls'. the lack of a discoverable masculine singular subject for the verbs from col. ii line 1 to col. iii line 8. keywords: col; diogenes; epicurus; lampsacus; letter; life; line; new; plutarch; sea; smith cache: grbs-9341.pdf plain text: grbs-9341.txt item: #1657 of 1726 id: grbs-9351 author: Marcovich, Miroslav title: A New Graffito from Ephesus date: 1973 words: 908 flesch: 84 summary: Accordingly, I would suggest the following reading of the graffito: eQ } EVA&A£ XaLpE, BEOLC 7TE7TOO7]p.lvov ovvop.a CEP.VOV· , \ r~{} , ,\ \ Q' 'c:.' EV,/,POCVV7JC 7] C EXEt C CXP.{JpOCL7]C. alac means specifically Aiginetan Aphaia. The chorus admires Hippolytos, but the fact remains that the brightest star of Athena (in Athens and in Troizen) is Theseus, for he is king of Athens. keywords: aphaia; diktynna; euripides; hippolytos cache: grbs-9811.pdf plain text: grbs-9811.txt item: #1708 of 1726 id: grbs-9821 author: Vaio, John title: Aristophanes’ Wasps. The Relevance of the Final Scenes date: 1971 words: 9386 flesch: 75 summary: Thus of the persons in the orchestra at 152.8 only Philocleon has not been accounted for. it is Philocleon not qua old man, but qua drunken lout. keywords: aristophanes; bdelycleon; carcinitae; carcinus; chorus; dance; father; macdowell; man; new; op.cit; philocleon; roos; scenes; son; supra; tpvg; vesp; wasps; wine cache: grbs-9821.pdf plain text: grbs-9821.txt item: #1709 of 1726 id: grbs-9831 author: Buckler, John title: Dating the Peace of 375/4 B.C. date: 1971 words: 3892 flesch: 75 summary: Next, peace in 375 B.C. would explain why the Spartans did not move south into Boiotia from Phokis, as the Thebans evidently expected them to do. See also Cawkwell 89, who mentions that peace in 374 would stretch Xenophon's account uncomfortably. keywords: b.c; battle; hell; peace; phokis; spring; thebans; timotheos; xen; xenophon cache: grbs-9831.pdf plain text: grbs-9831.txt item: #1710 of 1726 id: grbs-9841 author: Edmunds, Lowell title: The Religiosity of Alexander date: 1971 words: 12849 flesch: 65 summary: This debate is a well-known kind of Alexander story, which could be labelled Alexander and the philoso­ phers. It was precisely through the imitation of Heraclean apE~ that Alexander hoped to attain the divinity revealed to him by the oracle of Ammon, though for Alexander part of the definition of Heraclean apE~ could be Achillean or Dionysian apET~ as well. keywords: achilles; alexander; anaxarchus; arr; arrian; b.c; callisthenes; campaign; curt; dionysus; divine; divinity; gods; greek; heracles; heroes; heroic; heroism; life; macedonian; op.cit; philip; religiosity; supra; time cache: grbs-9841.pdf plain text: grbs-9841.txt item: #1711 of 1726 id: grbs-9851 author: Shoemaker, Gladys title: Dionysius of Halicarnassus, On Dinarchus date: 1971 words: 6664 flesch: 69 summary: Other sources cite a number of speeches attributed to Dinarchus which are not found in Dionysius' index. At the same time, I see, too, that neither Callimachus nor the Per­ gamene scholars wrote anything precise about him, but, in their failure to inquire about him, committed errors in the more precise details, with the result that they not only have falsified much but also assign speeches to him which are not his at all, while those written by him they say are the works of others. keywords: action; archonship; demosthenes; dinarchus; dionysius; gentlemen; man; speech; speeches; style; time; work cache: grbs-9851.pdf plain text: grbs-9851.txt item: #1712 of 1726 id: grbs-9861 author: Moore, John M. title: Polybiana date: 1971 words: 16311 flesch: 67 summary: Analysis of omission lengths cannot supplant standard methods of reconstructing lines of descent, but, after a stemma has already been constructed, it may be able to suggest something about the number of lost exemplars which lie behind our text, at least in some areas of the tradition. L1-+~-+D is a clear case where the evidence of line lengths requires an intermediate exemplar which was not necessarily implied by the other evidence, and r -+D-+L1 is another. keywords: antiqua; beginning; books; diaz; end; errors; evidence; excerpts; hand; hom; length; letters; line; line length; mss; mtp; number; omission; parent; readings; table; text; tradition cache: grbs-9861.pdf plain text: grbs-9861.txt item: #1713 of 1726 id: grbs-9871 author: Constantelos, Demetrios J. title: Kyros Panopolites, Rebuilder of Constantinople date: 1971 words: 6014 flesch: 69 summary: As Prefect of Constantinople Kyros is remembered particularly as the rebuilder and restorer of the capital. Bury, on the other hand, did not overlook the importance of Kyros and devoted a few paragraphs to him. keywords: bishop; century; christian; city; constantine; constantinople; greek; kotyaion; kyros; man; op.cit; panopolites; prefect; supra; vita; walls cache: grbs-9871.pdf plain text: grbs-9871.txt item: #1714 of 1726 id: grbs-9881 author: Slater, William J. title: Pindar’s House date: 1971 words: 5300 flesch: 72 summary: Other evidence dates 3 Pindar (Oxford 1964) 54. If Pindar's house and shrine were relocated in the ruined dty on the basis of the Alex­ andrian literary tradition, a corollary would follow that they were spared in the various sacks to which the dty had been subjected. keywords: alexander; demeter; evidence; house; magna; mother; op.cit; pan; pausanias; pindar; pyth; shrine; story; supra; thebes cache: grbs-9881.pdf plain text: grbs-9881.txt item: #1715 of 1726 id: grbs-9891 author: Calder III, William M. title: Sophoclean Apologia: Philoctetes date: 1971 words: 10472 flesch: 76 summary: At verse 1068 Odysseus exhorts Neoptolemos in the presence of Philoctetes: HCome on you; don't keep looking at him, YEWCXLOC as you are, lest you wreck our good luck. Yet it has be­ come an unspoken assumption of criticism12 that Neoptolemos earlier had sailed from Skyros to Troy and later sailed from Troy to Lemnos with Odysseus and would now be returning to Troy for the 7 See U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Griechische Tragoedien IV (Berlin 1923) 11 (hence­ forth cited: GrTr IV): Diomedes war nur als stumme Figur dabei. keywords: apologia; audience; bow; calder; der; euripides; greek; iii; jebb; neoptolemos; odysseus; op.cit; philoctetes; play; ship; sophocles; supra; tragedy; troy; und; von; voyage; waldock; wilamowitz; william cache: grbs-9891.pdf plain text: grbs-9891.txt item: #1716 of 1726 id: grbs-9901 author: Lloyd-Jones, Hugh title: Menander’s Aspis date: 1971 words: 9957 flesch: 77 summary: Send Daos to me to give me an inventory of the stuff he brought. It looks as if Smikrines, the young man's uncle, steps forward at this point; he has been listening to Daos, but has not yet been taken notice of by him. keywords: aspis; chaireas; chairestratos; comedy; daos; doctor; house; kleostratos; lines; man; menander; new; people; play; point; smikrines; tragedy cache: grbs-9901.pdf plain text: grbs-9901.txt item: #1717 of 1726 id: grbs-991 author: Croke, Brian title: Poetry and Propaganda: Anastasius I as Pompey date: 2008 words: 7490 flesch: 59 summary: I do not refer to the longstanding alliances nor to all the assistance she gave and the combined efforts she made on behalf of this city when her dominion was but recently established, sailing with Pompey and helping in the destruction of Mithridates, al- ways contributing as her share the most experienced squadrons of her fleet, for which even today she preserves trophies and victory inscriptions in common with the Romans. One of the themes in their propaganda was the promotion of a link be- tween the emperor and the Roman general Pompey whose de- cisive victories in the 60s B.C. finally secured Roman authority in Asia Minor and the east. keywords: anastasius; baths; byzantium; century; christodorus; city; constantinople; croke; emperor; inscriptions; isaurians; mithridates; pompeius; pompey; propaganda; roman; rome; statue; themistius; time; victory; καὶ cache: grbs-991.pdf plain text: grbs-991.txt item: #1718 of 1726 id: grbs-9911 author: Grant, John N. title: Notes on Donatus’ Commentary on Adelphoe date: 1971 words: 5552 flesch: 66 summary: Donatus was originally and primarily making the point that in Menander Micio did not raise the question of age as an obstacle to the marriage. I hope to show here that if the wider context in which the relevant scholia stand is analyzed, the relationship of Terence's Adelphoe to the Menandrian original can be clarified with respect to the words of Micio at lines 43-44 and to the same character's opposition to a marriage with Sostrata at the end of the play (lines 934ff). keywords: commentary; demea; donatus; greek; isti; line; menander; micio; non; notes; play; point; scholion; terence; uxorem cache: grbs-9911.pdf plain text: grbs-9911.txt item: #1719 of 1726 id: grbs-9921 author: Huxley, George title: Kallimachos, the Assyrian River and the Bees of Demeter date: 1971 words: 1971 flesch: 76 summary: p,Eyac pooc, al\l\a Ta 7TOl\I\a \ , ~'\ \ \ ',/..' EKEtV'TO OE OVTW 7T0/\/\0£ WC7TEp Tp07T7]C YEYEVT/P.EVT/C, , \ \' 'i' '()' ~ -' t '() - ,/,.' keywords: apollonios; assyrian; bees; honey; kallimachos; pontic; river; thermodon cache: grbs-9921.pdf plain text: grbs-9921.txt item: #1720 of 1726 id: grbs-9931 author: Sokolowski, F. title: On the Lex Sacra of the Deme Phrearrhioi date: 1971 words: 1588 flesch: 82 summary: 2. -1f]/J:T}'TPL 6hcfL., V. 4. 5. i€p€wc]VVtX, l(c)x[tov, V. 5-6. i€P07TOt]ol, V. 7. keywords: demeter; kore; lines cache: grbs-9931.pdf plain text: grbs-9931.txt item: #1721 of 1726 id: grbs-9941 author: Oliver, James H. title: Epaminondas of Acraephia date: 1971 words: 7047 flesch: 80 summary: \ \ \.1. [A.av{}]pw1Tlac aVTE7T