HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

Rhetores and Strategoi 
in Fourth-Century Athens 

Mogens Herman Hansen 

CONCERNING POLITICAL LEADERSHIP in classical Athens histori­
ans have posed a number of interesting questions: Were the 
Athenian 'politicians' recruited from the propertied families? 

Did they become rich in consequence of their political careers? Did 
they belong to the city demes or to the inland and coastal demes? 
Did they often serve as archai selected by lot? How often were they 
put on trial? But as a basis for their arguments historians tend either 
to draw up a random list of so-called politicians or to adduce five, 
ten, or fifteen examples of named political leaders, from which to 
draw conclusions. 1 In the absence of a list of political leaders, this 
is of course the only possible method, and doubtless the answers 
offered are often along the right lines. Nevertheless, given the very 
good sources available on fourth-century Athens, it is worth while to 
delimit the concept 'political leader' and accordingly draw up a list of 
persons meeting the criteria, so as to have a more rigorous basis for 
addressing questions of the sort mentioned above. In an earlier ar­
ticle 2 I argued that in fourth-century Athens the phrase PT,TOpf.~ Kat 
(TTpaT'Y'TrYOL is the nearest equivalent of what we, with a much vaguer 
and less formal term, call 'politicians' or 'political leaders'. Accor­
dingly, I present here the application of that principle, an inventory 
which is basically a list of rhetores and strategoi. First however it is 
necessary to discuss whom to include and why. 

1 Several lists of strategoi have been published (see infra n.23). Lists of 'politicians' 
can be found in e.g. P. Cloche, "Les hommes politiques et la justice populaire dans 
I' Athenes du ive siecle," Historia 9 (1960) 80-95; J. Talbert Roberts, "Athens' So­
called Unofficial Politicians," Hermes 11 0 (1982) 354-62. A good but incomplete list of 
ambassadors and proposers of decrees and speakers addressing the ecc/esia in the 
period 359-322 can be found in J. Sundwall, Epigraphische Beitriige zur sozial-politischen 
Geschichte Athens (Klio Beih. 4 [1906)) 59-74. For conclusions based On a selection of 
examples see A. W. Gomme, The Population of Athens in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries 
(Oxford 1933) 37-39 (distribution over demes); S. Perlman, "The Politicians in the 
Athenian Democracy of the Fourth Century B.C.," Athenaeum 41 (1963) 327-55 
(participation in trials, social composition, etc.). 

2 M. H. Hansen, "The Athenian 'Politicians', 403-322 B.C.," GRBS 24 (983) 
33-55. 

151 



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152 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

In recording the strategoi I include only members of the Athenian 
board of ten and omit the generals who commanded the forces on 
Samos, Skyros, Lemnos, and Imbros.3 But of the elected military 
officials, the strategoi were only first in rank: why not include the 
hipparchs, taxiarchs, and phylarchs? There is some slight evidence 
that taxiarchs or hipparchs might be reckoned among the political 
leaders. Describing the oligarchic revolution of 404, Lysias mentions 
'TO~ 'TOV 8TII.WV 1TPOECTrT)K(J-rar; Kat CT'Tpan1'),oVV'Tar; Kat 'TO~ 'Tagl.­
apxovv'Tar; 03.7, cf also 26.20), and Xenophon advises a hipparch 
to collaborate with the rhetores in the council (Hipp. 1.8). There is 
however a substantial gulf between these scattered remarks and the 
constant juxtaposition of rhetores and strategoi, and our prosopo­
graphical knowledge does not support the inclusion of the other 
elected officers.4 Of 39 known fourth-century hipparchs, taxiarchs, 
and phylarchs, three, completing the 'cursus honorum', came to be 
strategoi and are accordingly recorded in this capacity. But only two 
are known also as rhetores and only one as an ambassador. Hence I 
prefer to record only the ten strategoi, and exclude all other elected 
military officials.5 

In recording the rhetores I follow the definition argued in my for­
mer article, and so I include: proposers of psephismata in the ecc/esia 
or in the boule; proposers of nomoi before the nomothetai; prosecu­
tors and defendants in political public actions; speakers addressing the 
ecc/esia or the boule; synegoroi addressing the dicasteria (either for 
the prosecution or for the defence). Two problems, however, need a 
more detailed investigation. As to prosecutors, defendants, and syne­
goroi, we must define the concept 'political public action'; and as 
to speakers addressing the ecc/esia and the boule, we must decide 
whether or not to include the ambassadors. 

'Public prosecutors' in Athens comprised all citizens who brought 
any public action (8rnroCTwr; aywv). But the Athenians had more than 
fifty different types of public action, ranging from e.g. the public action 

3 Arist. Ath.Pol. 62.2, c/ P. J. Rhodes, A Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion 
Politeia (Oxford 1981) 695. 

4 A complete list of taxiarchs, phylarchs, and hipparchs can be found in J. K. Davies, 
Wealth and the Power of Wealth in Classical Athens (New York 1981) 151-55. Apart 
from broken names, Davies records, for the fourth century, 8 taxiarchs (Philokles II 
should be deleted, as he is an ephebic officer and not a genuine taxiarch), 20 phy­
larchs, and 12 hipparchs. Lykophron served both as phylarch and as hipparch. So the 
sum is 39. 

5 The three strategoi are Demainetos of Paiania, Euetion of Kephisia, and Philokles 
of Eroiadai. The two rhetores are Meidias of Anagyrous (PA 9719) and, presumably, 
Menites of Kydathenaion. The ambassador is Orthoboulos of Kerameis. For the 'cursus 
honorum' c/ Davies (supra n.4) 122 with n.56. 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 153 

for locking up a man on the pretense that he is an adulterer ('Ypacpr, 
asiKw~ eipx.fJ.y,vm W~ J.t<nx.ov) to the public action against unconstitu­
tional proposals ('Ypacpr, 'TT'apavo/.UJlv).6 The former action had no di­
rect connection with politics, and in this and many similar public ac­
tions the prosecutor would often be one of the relatives or friends of 
the injured person (who was in this case the detained man).7 So within 
the group of public actions we must look for specifically political types 
of public action, i.e. public actions brought against rhelores or slralegoi 
in their capacity of being rhelores or slralegoi. The two most obvious 
types of public action meeting this requirement are the 'Ypacpr, 'TT'apa­
VOJ..UlJV (invariably brought against rhelores) and the eina'Y'YeA.l.a (fre­
quently brought against strategoi and sometimes against rhetores). To 
the 'Ypacpr, 'TT'apavof..UVv (involving psephismata passed by the ecclesia or 
the boule) must be added the corresponding 'Ypacpr, vOJ,Wv /-tr, €7T'LTr,­
SetOv fJeLvm (involving nomoi passed by the nomothetai), and in addi­
tion to the EUra'Y'YEAia we must record applications of the a'TT'ocpao-t~, 
introduced ca 350 and brought against the same types of offender as 
the einayyeA.la, the main difference being that the council of the Are­
opagos was entrusted with the preliminary investigation. Next, prose­
cutors and synegoroi in the 80KLj..UX(J"Ux P'Y1T()PWV must be recorded, and 
so must attested cases of the 'TT'po{3oA.r" when brought against syco­
phants or against a man who did not fulfill what he had promised the 
Athenian demos~ both types of action seem to have been used only 
infrequently.8 

6 J. H. Lipsius, Das attische Recht und Rechtsverfahren I-III (Leipzig 1905-15), dis­
cusses forty different types of graphe (spurious graphai are not included in the count). 
Apart from the graphai we have the following types of public action: array~/ElJ8EtI;L<;1 
iqrrrYT/UL<;, arroypaqrr" a rro<Pam<;, 80KL(..UXUW TOW P'Y/TOPWlJ, EiuaYYEAW, d;8VlJat, rrpo­
{3oA.q, and cpam<;. 

7 Cf. E. Ruschenbusch, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des athenischen Strafrechts (Koln 
1968) 58-60. 

8 For the period 403-322 we know of 36 applications of the ypacP7} rrapalJolJ.WlJ, 62 of 
the EiuaYYEAw Ei<; TOlJ 8ijf-WlJ, 5-6 of the ypacb7} lJOf-WlJ /-L7} i1TL~8ELOlJ 8EilJat, 15-16 
of the arro<PauL<;. The inventory includes, of course, only those cases in which we 
know the name(s) of the prosecutor(s) and/or defendant{sL Apart from Aischines' 
irraYYEAia against Timarchos, the only other known application of the 80KL(..UXUW TWlJ 
P'Y/TOPWlJ is Lysitheos' irraYYEAw against Theomnestos (Lys. 10.1, where I follow 
Gernet/Bizos in emending Eiu.qYYEMf. to i~YYf.AAe). In Aeschin. 1.64 we hear that 
Aristophon threatened to bring a dokimasia rhetoron against Hegesandros. When used 
against offences committed during a festival, the rrpo{30A..q (Oem. 21.8-10) was not a 
political public action (although it could sometimes be used by political leaders against 
their opponents, cI Oem. 21). The only known case of a probote against sycophants 
falls outside our period, viz. the probote against the prosecutors of the generals in 406 
(Xen. Hell. 1.7.35). Of the probote for not fulfilling one's promises to the demos (Arist. 
Ath.Pot. 43.5) we have only one attested case, Euboulos' probote against Aristophon 
(Oem. 21.218 with scholia). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

154 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

What brings together these public actions is not only the fact that 
they were explicitly aimed at rhetores and/or strategoi, but also some 
significant procedural regulations. The graphe paranomon, the eisange­
Jia, and the apophasis were probably the only types of public action 
for which the thesmothetai could appoint a dicasterion manned with 
more than 500 jurors.9 Furthermore, by contrast with other types of 
public action, these procedures involved the ecclesia in the initial 
phase before the hearing by a dicasterion; in the graphe paranomon 
the indictment against the proposer of a decree was often lodged 
under oath (wCJJ/-Wu/.a) during the ecclesia, either before or after the 
people had voted on the psephisma .10 In a graphe nomon me epitedeion 
theinai, the aVV8tKOt, speaking in defence of the nomos, might be 
appointed by the ecclesia (Dem. 20.146). The dokimasia ton rhetoron 
was opened by an f.'TraryEA./.a brought in the ecclesia (Aeschin. 1.81). 
The eisangeJia was brought in the ecclesia (Arist. Ath.Pol. 43.3) and 
so was the probole (43.5). Finally, the apophasis was initiated by a 
decree of the people ordering the council of the Areopagos to con­
duct the preliminary investigation and report to the ecclesia, which 
then referred the case to a dicasterion (Din. 1.51). 

More problematical is whether or not to register known cases of 
E1J8vvat. The euthynai apply primarily to archai and, apart from speak­
ers in the boule, rhetores were not archai. On the other hand, my 
inventory includes not only councillors addressing the boule, but also 
strategoi and some elected treasurers, who were archai, and ambassa­
dors, who by contrast with other rhetores (cj. infra) had to submit to 
euthynai. It would be misleading to omit euthynai of strategoi, council­
lors, and ambassadors, and so these cases of euthynai are included, but 
not instances of euthynai against other archai. The problem is of sur­
prisingly little practical importance. Although more than 1200 Athe­
nian officials had to submit to euthynai every year, II the sources, cover­
ing a period of more than one hundred years, provide us only some ten 
examples of the euthynai resulting in a public action.12 In the fourth 
century, there is not a single attested case of euthynai against a council­
lor, and euthynai against other officials included in my list amount to 
one against a general (Pamphilos, 389/8), one against an elected trea-

9 Cf M. H. Hansen, Eisangelia (Odense 1975) 10 n.14. The same procedural rule 
may apply to the graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai, but we have no information. 

10 Lex. Cant. s. v. lnrwJ.LO(]'ia; cf also Lipsius (supra n.6) 393-94. 
11 500 bouleutai + ca 700 other archai (Arist. Ath.Pol. 24.3, defended by M. H. 

Hansen, "Seven Hundred Archai in Classical Athens," GRBS 21 [1980J 151-73) + 
and unknown number of presbeis and other officials. 

12 Cf Hansen (supra n.2) 42 n.32. 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 155 

surer (?) (Lykourgos, 336-324), and two against ambassadors (Epikra­
tes, 394-392~ Aischines, 34312). I have included these examples, and I 
stress how few they are only to emphasize that the euthynai (against 
archai and other officials) were of very little importance by comparison 
with the graphe paranomon and the eisangelia against rhetores and stra­
(egoi. 

Another problem is raised by the endeixis when brought against an 
atimos who exercised his citizen rights. Insofar as the citizen put on 
trial had only attended a festival or served as a juror or the like, there 
is no reason to include the endeixis in an inventory of rhetores and 
strategoi. But if the defendant was an atimos who had addressed the 
ecclesia or served on an embassy, the case must be regarded as a 
'political public action', and the known applications of this form of 
endeixis are accordingly included in the inventory.13 

This list, I believe, exhausts the 'political public actions'. There 
may of course have been others unknown to us, and we must admit 
further that any public action, and sometimes even private actions, 
might be misused for political purposes. Antiphon 6, for example, 
was delivered in a dike phonou by a defendant who claims that he has 
been put on trial for political reasons. But we have no speech for the 
prosecution, and so we must suspend judgement in this and many 
similar cases (e.g. the speech Against Theokrines, Dem. 58). 

Finally, since the types of public action discussed above were 
brought against rhetores and strategoi in their capacity of being rhe­
tores and strategoi, I naturally record not only the prosecutors and 
their synegoroi but also the defendants and the synegoroi speaking for 
the defence. 

The next major issue is whether or not to include ambassadors 
among the rhetores. They were elected by the ecclesia (occasionally by 
the boule), and so, once appointed, they can no longer be regarded as 
volunteers. Moreover, by contrast with proposers, public prosecutors, 
and speakers addressing the political assemblies, the presbeis had to 
submit to euthynai after their mission.14 In these two respects they 
differ from rhetores. On the other hand, they had to make a report on 
their mission both to the boule and to the ecclesia. So they were rhe-

13 Endeixis against a citizen who served as a juror: Oem. 21.182. Applications of en­
deixis against rhetores are the trials of Philon of Koile in 402 (Isoc. 18.22: ambassador), 
Andokides in 400 (occasioned by the Mysteries, but cf Lys. 6.33 for Andokides as a 
rhetod, Polyeuktos (of Kydantidai?) in 326/5 (Din. fr.ii Conomis), and Aristogeiton in 
325/4 (Oem. 25.4 etc., Din. 2.l3 etc.). 

14 Cf D. J. Mosley, Envoys and Diplomacy in Ancient Greece (Historia Einzelschr. 22 
[1973]) 39. 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

156 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

tores in the legal sense, and subject to be put on trial by an eisangelia 
warranted by the third section of the VO#LO~ EiuaYYEAnKo~, prescrib­
ing an eisangelia Eav n~ ... PT,TWP cOv f..'T, AEYr/ T£l apW'Ta T4J BT,1-'4' 
T4J 'AfJrl"aUuv xpT,~Ta Aaf..'/3Ctvwv (Hyp. 3.7-8). This is precisely 
what happened to the four ambassadors sent to Sparta in 392/1. In 
consequence of their report, Kallistratos brought an eisangelia against 
them, and all were sentenced to death. In 36817 Timagoras suffered 
the same fate after his embassy to the king of Persia.Is But were 
ambassadors also regarded as rhetores in the political sense? Several 
sources strongly indicate that they were. In the speech On the Crown 
Demosthenes takes pride in telling the jurors that he both moved the 
decree by which ambassadors were sent to Thebes in 339 and served 
as an ambassador, thereby surpassing all previous rhetores (18.219): 

, '\. '\., ,It""" ~ 'AfJ"" , e , 'tI Ka('TO(' 7TOIV\.Q(, 7Tap Vf.."'V, aVupE~ 'TIvaw(" 'YE'yovacT(. P'TITOpE~ EV-

Bogo(, Kat f..'E'YaAO(' 7TPO E#LOV, KaAAiuTpaTO~ EKEtVO~, 'AP(,UTOq,WV, 
K 'A..~\. £:\ '130 \. of , '\.\.' of .~ \ , 

E.,.....AO~, ~pauv VAO~, ETEpO(' f..'vpw(,· alV\. o~ OVuE(,~ 7TW7TOTE 
, ~ \ \.,~.. ' \ . . ~ \ " , \. . \. \." \ TOVTWV uW 7TaVTO~ EuwKEV EaVTOV E('~ OVuEV 711 7TOAE(" alV\. 0 f..'Ev 
, ,1,.,., • " • , n ' ~ \ n' ."., ./. All 'Ypa'lA"V OVK av E7TPEUIJEVUEV, 0 uE 7TpEUIJEVWV OVK av E'Ypao/EV. 

four rhelores mentioned by Demosthenes did in fact serve on various 
embassies, and three of them are also known as proposers of decrees. 
Demosthenes has no intention of emphasizing any subdivision of rhe­
tores into two mutually exclusive groups of proposers and ambas­
sadors; his point is that a rhetor who had proposed and carried a 
decree concerning an embassy did not normally serve on the embassy 
warranted by his decree. On the other hand, he states explicitly that 
the group of famous rhetores, the political leaders, included both 
proposers of decrees and ambassadors. Aischines takes the same view 
in his description of Timarchos (1.120, aiuxvvo~(, 'Yap Vrrep T7j~ 
7TOAE~, Ei Ti~pxo~, <> TOV BT,#LOV uVf..'f30vAo~ Kat Ta~ Ei~ TT,V 'EA­

AclM TOA~V 7TPEU{3Ela~ 7TPEU{3EVE(,V KTA...) and in his description of 
Demosthenes (3.73, <> 'Yap f..'W'aAE~avBpo~ Kat f..'W'O~W7T7TO~ vJii,v 

• \. , ~\., n • M ~-' .t:).. ~! of I:. OVTOU(, P'TITWP u(,~ E7TpEUIJEVUEV E('~ aKEuuVWV, E~vV f..''TI~ a7Ta~ 

KTA..). What connects the speaker addressing the people or the jurors 
with the ambassador is the art of rhetoric, and eloquence is often 
mentioned as essential for being a good ambassador.I6 So ambassa-

16 Kallistratos' eisangelia against Andokides, Epikrates, Euboulides, and Kratinos: 
Philoch. FG,Hisl 328F149; Leon's against Timagoras: Oem. 19.191. 

16 Cf Xen. Hell. 6.3.7, IUTa TOWOV AVTOKA7J<;, ~Aa OOKWV i:mffTpEqn,<; EtVUL PT,TWP, 
tJ& irYOpEVEV (ambassador to Sparta in 372/1); Aeschin. 3.139, AEw&i~<; <> 'Axup­
VEt}<;, OVX ~TTOV 471J.WU(JEVOV<; AE'YELV avvO:lLEvo<; (ambassador to Thebes, 370's); 
Aeschin. 3.242, ov 'Yap aT, 7TOV TOWO 'YE UKT,IjIT/, W<; ov avvaTo<; El AE'YELV (Ktesiphon), 

, \ "fJI I a- ' , I ) (J'''' n_ ' t K' Kat 'Yap av aT01TOV UOL UV/.l-,......LVOL EL 1Tpw7JV lUI' 7TO V1TElUtva<; 1TPEU~VT7J<; W<; ~EO-

1TCl'rpaV TIjv <t>tl\.L1T1TOV (JvyaTEpu XELpOTOvELU(JaL ... VVVI. ae ov cfriIUEL<; avvau(JaL AE'YELV 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 157 

dors deserve inclusion in an inventory of pr,TOPEC; Kat (J"Tpan1"yoi, 
since they seem to have been regarded as rhetores, not only in the 
legal sense but also in the political sense of the term. 

The phrase pr,TopEr; Kat UTpa)'''f/)'O;' seems to cover almost all the 
important aspects of political leadership in both domestic policy, for­
eign policy, and military command. There is however one important 
exception: fiscal policy. In the course of the fourth century the Athe­
nians created some very important financial offices which, like the 
strategia, were filled by election. Most important are 0 Ta,.uac; UTpa­
TUVTtKa)Jl, oi €1T1. TO 8EWPLKOV, and <> €7T1. rfi SWLK.qUEL (attested only 
for the last years of our period).J7 Euboulos, Demosthenes, Lykour­
gas, and Demades were all elected to fill one of these offices, but 
none was ever a strategos. The fifth-century merging of rhetores and 
strategoi seems to have been replaced, in the period 355-322, by a 
merging of rhetores and elected treasurers. Again, the trend must not 
be overrated, but in the so-called Lycurgan period, political leadership 
was often connected with serving as an elected treasurer. Yet the 
financial officials were neither rhetores nor strategoi. We do not know 
how the Athenians reacted to this new change in political leadership. 
It is not uncommon that a change in political opinion and terminol­
ogy requires some adaptation and comes later than the change in 
political institutions. In the Ath. Pol. Aristotle devotes only a few 
lines to the Theoric Board and the treasurer of the military fund 
(43.1, 47.2, 49.3), and <> €7Tt rfi BWLKT,UEL is passed over in silence. 
The orators have a few references to the Theoric Board but none to 0 
€7Tt rfi SWLKr,UE/,. The democracy was abolished in 322 and at the 
same time the literary sources stop. The elected financial treasurers 
were not covered by the terms p.qTOPEC; Kat UTpaT"f/),Ot or oi 1TOAL­
TEVO~EVO/' or oi uV~f3ovAO/'. But they were certainly 'political leaders', 
and I have recorded the eleven known instances in the inventory. 

Athenian citizens who fulfill one or more of these requirements 
consitute an inventory of 368 persons who were politically active in 
the sense that they were either rhetores or strategoi or (in a few 
cases) elected treasurers. This list, I believe, can provide a more 
exact basis for addressing questions of the sort mentioned at the 
beginning of this article. 

(argument adduced by Aischines to prove that Ktesiphon is a rheror [ef 3.311 and not 
an idiotes [cf 3.214]); Dem. 18.179, OVK El7TOV"uV mirra, OVK Eypmpa SE, ovS' EypmJm 
,.uv, OVK E7TpEaI3Evan 8E, ov8' E1rpEa{3Evaa ,.uv, OVK E7THua Sf rov<; @YJ{3a:io~ ... 
(Demosthenes' policy towards Thebes in 339). 

17 Cf Rhodes (supra n.3) 513-16 with further references. 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
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158 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

Inventory: p-ryropec; Kat urpar'Yryoi, 403-322 B. c. 

The following catalogue of Athenian 'political leaders' includes first the 
name (with patronymic and demotic if known), then the number given in 
Kirchner's Prosopographia Attica and, if the man is of the liturgical class, 
reference to Davies' Athenian Properties Families. Broken names are not 
included. Some of the citizens registered were active before 403 and others 
after 322, but I record only political activities within the period 403-322.18 
The inventory lists political activities in the following order: 

(1) Proposal of a decree in the ecclesia. To move a probouleumatic decree is 
regarded as one political activity, and so proposers of probouleumatic decrees 
are recorded only as proposers of decrees in the ecclesia, but not in the boule. 
(2) Proposal of a decree in the boule. 
(3) Proposal of a nomos before the nomothetai. I believe that all nomoi in 
the fourth century were passed by the nomothetai.19 Accordingly, all pro­
posers of nomoi are recorded separately from proposers of psephismata in 
the ecclesia, although the nomothetai are explicitly mentioned in ten nomoi 
only, seven preserved on stone (of which one is unpublished) and three 
referred to in literary sources. 
(4) Prosecution in a political public action. These actions comprise the 
ypaqy;, 1TapaVOJ,LWv, the ypaqy;, VOj.LOv I-Lr, i1TL'T"f,S~WV (h'ivm, the ~iuayy~­
'll.w,20 the cX1TOc/>aUV;, the OOKLJ.WUW PT/TOPWV, the 1TPOfJo'll.r, if brought 
against sycophants or citizens deceiving the people, the ~v8vvm if brought 
against strategoi, elected treasurers, or ambassadors, and the EVS~~L<; if 
brought against an atimos acting as a rhetor.21 

(5) Speech delivered in the ecclesia. Information about a speech by the 
proposer of a decree is not recorded separately under this heading, but only 
under the proposal. For a few major rhetores, e.g. Demosthenes and Dema­
des, I have not thought it necessary to record all the possible occasions for 
speeches delivered in the assembly.22 
(6) Speech delivered in the boule. 
(7) Synegoria for the prosecutor or for the defendant. 
(8) Defence in a political public action. 
(9) Mission as an ambassador. To be an ambassador is regarded as one 
political activity only, and the obligatory reports on the mission to the boule 
and the ecclesia are recorded here and not earlier under speeches delivered 
in the ecclesia or the boule. 

IB So I omit e.g. Anytos' strategia in 409/8 (Diod. 13.64.6) and Derkylos of Hagnous' strategia 
dated 319/8 by F. Mitchel, Hesperia 33 (1964) 341-42. 

19 q: M. H. Hansen, "Did the Athenian Ecclesia Legislate after 403/2?" GRBS 20 (I979) 27-53. 
20 For the sake of completeness I include the (few) manifest examples of misuse of the dnaYYE­

Aia Ei" TOV Sr,lWv, e.g. against Agasikles, and the few examples of Ei(TayyeAia ei" rr,v f30VAT,V, i.e. 
against Nikomachos, Timarchos, and Theophemos. 

21 The numbers stated after references to the graphe paranomon, eisanxelia, and endeixis are to the 
catalogues of trials in M. H. Hansen, The Sovereignty (Odense 1974), Eisangelia (Odense 1975), and 
Apagoge. Endeixis and Ephegesis (Odense 1976). In many cases we have only circumstantial evidence 
for the classification of the type of action, and the problems are discussed in these catalogues. 

22 The problem whether or not Demosthenes' symbouleutic speeches were delivered in support of 
proposals will be discussed in my forthcoming article "A Note on Demosthenes' Symbouleutic 
Speeches," ClMed 35 (]984). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 

(10) Strategia.23 

(10 Administration of public money as an elected treasurer. These com­
prise <> m,..,lao;; (TTpaTUJJTLKWV, oi bri TO (JEWptKOV, and <.> bTL rfi BWtK-r1(J"Et. I 
do not record the E7Tt/-LEA1jT7}o;; TWV Kp1jVWV because this important office was 
probably technical rather than political, and I omit as well the extraordinary 
officials, e.g. the (J"tTWV1jo;; and the TH)(01ToWi. 

159 

The references to the sources are fairly complete but not exhaustive. Es­
pecially for some decrees and public actions frequently referred to in literary 
sources, it would be pointless in this context to print all references. For most 
of the political public actions full documentation is given in my monographs 
cited under (4) supra. For the decrees I must ask the reader to await the 
completion of my Inventory of decrees of 403-322 B. c. mentioned in literary 
sources. 

'Aya(Jwv (PA 80. Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 127) in 325/4 (Oem. 25.47). 
'Ayauiao;; XaLptYEvoVo;; 'IKaptEvo;; (PA 95 +97). Proposes in the boule an honorary de­

cree for Phyleus, 336/5 (IG IJ2 330.25, 32). 
'AyauLKA:ij<; 'AALI-WVUWo;; (PA 100). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 115), 336-324 

(Hyp. 3.3, Din. fr.xvi Con.). 
'Ayviao;; TIOAE~VOo;; E~ Owv (PA 133, APF). Ambassador to the king of Persia in 397/6 

(Hell.Oxy. 7.1, Is. 11.8, Androt. FGrHist 324F18 = Philoch. 328FI47). 
'AyvwviB1j<; NLKO~EVOV TIEpyau1j(JEJI (PA 176). Proposes a decree of the people con­

cerning naval equipment, 325/4 (IG IJ2 1629.13-15 etc.). Defendant in an apophasis 
in 324/3 (Hyp. 1.40, Din. fr.xxvi Con.). 

'AyVppwo;; KOAAVTEv';; (PA 179, APF). Proposes three nomoi (?): (1) introduction of 
the EKKA1jULaUTLKOV of one obol; (2) increase of the EKKA1jULaUTLKOV to three obols, 
before 392 (Arist. Ath.Pol. 41.3); (3) introduction (?) of the theorikon, date un­
known (Harp. s. v.). Synegoros for Kephisios in an endeixis (no. 10) in 400/399 (An­
doc. 1.133). Strategos in 390/389 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.31). 

'A8ElIUlVTO<; AEVKOAocpi.oov LKap,{3wvl81jo;; (PA 202). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 
68),393/2 (Oem. 19.190 

'A(J1jviwv 'Apa1rf/vwo;; (PA 240). Ambassador to Olynthus in 376/5 (IG 112 36.8). 
'A(J1jvo8wpo<; (PA 259+260). Proposes two decrees of the people: (1) honours for 

Iphitos, 394-387 (IG IJ2 26.6-7); (2) concerning the Asklepieion, init. s. iv (IG 112 
47.23). 

AinLI-W<; (PA 310. Addresses the ecclesia, 397/6 (Hell.Oxy. 6.2). Ambassador to (1) 
Chios in 384/3 (IG 1)2 34.36-37), (2) Methymna in 37817 (IG 1)2 42.19-20). 

AinXlv1j<; (PA 333). Ambassador to Thessaly, 361/0 (?) (IG 112 175.3). 
AiuXiv1jo;; 'ArpOp,-r1TOV KO(JWKiB1jo;; (PA 354, APF). Brings an epangelia against Timar­

chos, 346/5 (Aeschin. 1.81); attempts to bring an eisangelia, (no. 110) against De­
mosthenes, 343 (?) (3.223-24); brings a graphe paranomon (no. 30) against Ktesi­
phon, 330/329 (3.8). Elected syndikos in the Delian affair, 343 (?) (Oem. 18.134). 
Addresses the ecclesia frequently (Oem. 18.136, 140, 285; 19.10,35, 113,209, 304, 
310, as well as his reports to the boule and ecclesia in his capacity as ambassador). 
Defendant in an euthynai charged with parapresbeia, 34312 (Oem. 19.2, 103, 210. 
Ambassador (1) to Arcadia in 34817 (?) (Aeschin. 2.79), (2) three times to Philip in 

23 By contrast with the rhetores, the strategoi have been carefully studied; earlier lists can be found 
in K. J. Beloch, Die attische PoUlik seit Perikles (Leipzig 1884); Sundwall (supra n.l); A. Krause, 
Attische Strategenlisten bis 146 v. Chr. (Weimar 1914); Davies (supra n.4). The problem whether an 
Athenian military commander is a member of the board of stralegoi deserves a proper investigation. 
In most cases there is a communis opinio (not always well founded) which I have followed, apart 
from some difficult cases (e.g. Iphikrates before 390, Antiochos [Aeschin. 7.731. etc.). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

160 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

347/6 0: Oem. 19.13, Aeschin. 2.18; 2: Oem. 19.17, Aeschin. 2.82; 3: Oem. 19.121, 
126, Aeschin. 2.94-95), (3) as pylagoros in 340/339 (Aeschin. 3.115), (4) to Philip 
in 33817 (Oem. 18.282, Aeschin. 3.227). 

'AAE~ilUl)(o~ n.,]A7)~ (PA 545). Proposes a decree of the people concerning Kerseblep­
tes, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.83, 85). 

'AAKiIUlx.o~ 'AYYEA~(JEJI (PA 615). Ambassador to Byzantion, 37817 (IG 112 41.20. 
'AAKilUlX.O~ 'AJla')'Vpa(J'tO~ (PA 616). Strategos, 364/3 (schol. Aeschin. 2.30, 357/6 (IG 

112 124.22),35514 (?) (Oem. 47.50, 78; Harp. s.v.). 
'AAKilUlX.O~ E'Y MVPPtJl01J.r7'TJ~ (PA 622). Proposes in the ecc/esia a decree of unknown 

content, 335/4 (EM 13067, of which only the first lines have been published, cf 
SEG XXI 272). Proposes in the boule a decree concerning a quadrireme, 325/4 (JG 
112 1629.273). 

'A#LEtJltcl87)'i' (PA 664). Addresses the ecc/esia and advises the people to consult the 
Delphic oracle, 339/8 (Aeschin. 3.130). 

'AJlOOKiBTj~ AEwyOpOV Kvoo(JTjJlatE~ (PA 828, APF). Proposes in the ecc/esia to con­
clude peace with Sparta, 392/1 (Andoc. 3.41). Defendant in an endeixis (no. 10) in 
400/399 (1.8, 10). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 70) in 39211 (Philoch. FI49a). 
Addresses the ecc/esia and the boule from 403 and thereafter (Lys. 6.33). Ambassa­
dor to Sparta in 392/1 (Philoch,). 

'AJl8poJ.,tEJI7)'i' (PA 882). Proposes in the ecc/esia a rider to an honorary decree for 
Pythodoros, 36312 (J.Delos I 88.30). 

'AJl8poTLwJl "AJl8pwJlo'i' rapy.,]TTtO~ (PA 913+915, APF). Proposes five decrees of the 
people: (1) concerning temple treasures, before 365/4 (?) (JG 112 216a.l3, b.6; 
217.13); (2) melting down the pompeia, before 356/5 (Oem. 22.70, 24.178); (3) 
recovering arrears of eisphora, 356/5 (?) (Oem. 22.48, 24.160); (4) honours for the 
boule of 35615 (Oem. 22.5, 8-10); (5) honours for the Bosporan princes, 347/6 (IG 
1I2 212.8). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 13) against Euktemon in 354/3 (Oem. 
24.13-14). Addresses the ecc/esia: (1) concerning the graphe paranomon (no. 12), 
35514 (Oem. 22.59); (2) concerning the recovery of 91/2 talents, 354/3 (Oem. 24.13); 
(3) concerning Karia, 351 (?) (Arist. Rh. 1406b27); (4) in reply to Artaxerxes' 
envoys, 344/3 (Didymos In Dem. 18.14). Synegoros for Timokrates in a graphe 
nomon me epitedeion theinai, 35312 (Oem. 24.158-59). Defendant in a graphe parano­
mon (no. 12), 355/4 (Oem. 22). Ambassador to Mausolos in 35514 (Oem. 24.12). 

"AJl8pwJI EK KEpaJ.,tEWJI (PA 924). Ambassador to Keos, ca 350 (IG IJ2 1128.39). 
'AJlTt'YEJl7)'i' (PA 985). Addresses the boule frequently in 35615 (Oem. 22.38). Probably 

synegoros for Androtion in the graphe paranomon (no. 12) of 355/4 (Oem. 22.38). 
'AJlTLooTO'i' 'A7TOAA08Wpov I.V1TaA.,]'TTtO~ (PA 1019). Proposes in the boule an open 

probouleuma concerning the Kitian merchants' application for erecting a temple (IG 
1I2 337.7-8). 

'AJlTilUlx.o~ (PA 1108). Ambassador to Thrace in 356/5 (IG 1I2 127.36). 
'AJI'rilUlx.o~ (PA 1110). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 81), 37312 (Oem. 49.9-10, 47). 
'AJlTtJ.,tE&JJI (PA 1134). Proposes a decree of the people concerning the Tenedians, 

before 342 (Oem. 58.35). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 24), before 342 
(Oem. 58.35). 

'AJlTW9EJl7)~ 'AJlTtqxhov<; Kv(J.,]pptO~ (PA 1184+ 1194+ 1196+ 1197, APF). Strategos 
after 380 (?) (Xen. Mem. 3.4.0. 

'AJlTl¢u..O~ (PA 1264). Strategos in 32312 (Diod. 18.13.6). 
'AJlTtq,WJI (PA 1280). Ambassador to Philip in 359/8 (Theopomp. FGrHist 115F30). 
'AJlTtq,WJI (PA 1281). Defendant in an apophasis, 343 (?) (Oem. 18.133, Din. 1.63). 
"AJlVTO~ (PA 1324+ 1322 [?1, APF). Synegoros for Andokides in an endeixis (no. 10), 

400/399 (Andoc. 1.150). Addresses the ecc/esia in 397/6 (HeII.Oxy. 6.2). Strategos in 
40312 (?) (PI. Meno 90B). 

'A17'OUO&upO'i' na(J'LwJlo~ 'Ax.apJlE~ (PA 1411, APF). Proposes a decree of the people 
concerning Ta 1TEPWJlTa, 349/8 (Oem. 59.4). Brings an eisangelia in 36110 against (1) 
Autokles of Euonymon (no. 90), (2) Timomachos of Acharnai (no. 91), (3) Kal­
Iippos of Aixone (no. 92), (4) Timotheos of Anaphlystos (no. 93), (5) Menon of 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 161 

Potamos (no. 95): Oem. 36.53. Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 18), 349/8 
(Oem. 59.3-8). 

'APWTUuV (PA 1734). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree, before 37817 (IG IJ2 
72.3). 

'ApWTOy~iTwv (PA 1774). Ambassador to Dareios III, 333/2 (Curt. 3.13.15). 
'ApWTOy~iTWV Kv8t~Xov (PA 1775). Proposes a decree of the people ordering execu­

tion without trial of Hierokles, 335-330 (Oem. 25.87, hypoth. 1; Din. 2.12). Brings a 
graphe paranomon (no. 27) against Hypereides, 33817 (Hyp. fr.32-36, 38-41; Aris­
tog. fr.iii; Oem. 26.11). Brings eisangeliai (1) against Hegemon (no. 120), ca 331 
(Oem. 25.47); (2) against Demokles (no. 128), 325/4 (Oem. 25.47). Brings graphai 
and eisangeliai against Demosthenes (Oem. 25.37), Demades (Oem. 25.47), and 
others (Oem. 25.94, 26.17; Din. 2.12). Addresses the ecclesia in connection with the 
eisangelia (no. 127) against Agathon, 325/4 (Oem. 25.47). Is frequently addressing 
the ecclesia (Oem. 25.41-42, 64; Ep. 3.16; Din. 2.12) and proposing decrees (Oem. 
25.94,26.17; Din. 2.12). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 29), 335-330 (Oem. 
25 hypoth. 1-3). Defendant in an endeixis (no. 32), 325/4 (Oem. 25.6, 26.1; Din. 
2.13). Defendant in an apophasis in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Din. 
2). 

'ApurTo8r/l.w<;; (not in PA). Ambassador (0 to Philip in 34817 (Aeschin. 2.15), (2) 
three times (?) to Philip in 347/6 (1: Aeschin. 2.52; 2 [?]: Oem. 19.163-65; 3 [?]: 
19.120, (3) to Thessaly and Magnesia in 340/339 (Aeschin. 3.83). Aristodemos was 
a citizen of Metapontion, but I follow A. Schaefer, Demosthenes und seine Zeit2 I 
(Leipzig 1885) 246, in believing that he must have been naturalized. 

'APWTOKAr,<;; (PA 1851). Ambassador to Sparta, 37211 (Xen. Hell. 6.3.2). 
'ApWTOKpaTT/<;; (PA 1897). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for Charidemos, 

35312 (Dem. 23.1, 14). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 14) in 35211 (Oem. 
23.18). 

'APWTO/UlX0<;; KPLT08-.1f.LOv 'AII.W1T~Kr,fJ~V (PA 1969, APF). Addresses the ecc/esia as the 
representative of Charidemos and Kersebleptes, 35312 (Oem. 23.13, 110). 

'APWTOVLKO<;; 'APUrTOT€II.OV<; MapafJwvw<; (PA 2023+2028). Proposes a decree of the 
people against pirates, 335/4 (IG IJ2 1623.280-82). Proposes a nomos about the 
Panathenaia, 336-334 (Hesperia 28 [1959] 239-47). Proposes numerous other no­
moi, before 322 (Ath. 226A -c [Alexis frr.125- 26 K.J). Defendant in an apophasis in 
consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Din. fr.xxvii, aparasema 4 Con.). 

'APWTOVLKO<;; NLKOqxiVOV<;; 'Avayvpaaw<; (PA 2025). Proposes in the ecclesia an honor­
ary decree for Demosthenes, 341/0 (Oem. 18.83, Plut. Mor. 848D). 

'APWTO~~VO<; K714>wo8oTOV llt'LpatEV<; (?) (PA 2044). Proposes in the ecc/esia an hon­
orary decree for Amphis, 33211 (IG IJ2 347.9-10. 

'AptaT07TEifJ71<; (PA 2046). Ambassador to Lesbos, 36817 (IG IJ2 107.33). 
'APWTOTEAT/<;; Mapa(}wvw,> (PA 2065). Proposes a decree of the people concerning 

membership of the Second Naval Confederacy, 37817 (IG 112 43.7, 91). Ambassador 
to Thebes, 37817 (IG 112 43.76). 

'AptaToqxiv71<; NLKO~f.LOV (PA 2082, APF). Ambassador (1) to Sicily, 394/3 (Lys. 
19.19; allegedly sent by Konon but probably officially elected, c/ infra s. v. EVpt7T7Ti-
871<;); (2) to Cyprus, 390/389 (Lys. 19.23). 

'AptaTo</x7lv (not in PA). Proposes a decree of the people relating to Samos, 324-322 
(AthMitt 72 [1957] 156-64 no. I). 

'AptaTo</x7lv 'APWTOqxiVOV<; 'A~71VtEtI<; (PA 2108, APF). Proposes thirteen decrees of 
the people: (1) payment of xenikon in the Agora, 403/2 (Oem. 57.31-34); repay­
ment to Gelarchos of five talents, 40312 (Oem. 20.149); (3) relating to Keos, 363/2 
(Hyp. fr.44); (4) Athenian relations with Ioulis, 36312 (IG IJ2 111.4); (5) mobiliza­
tion of triremes, 36211 (Oem. 50.4-6); (6) concerning Poteidaia, 361/0 (?) (IG 112 
118.4): (7) unknown content, 357/6 (IG IJ2 121.9); (8) proxeny for Lachares, 355/4 
(IG IJ2130.8); (9) appointment of zetetai, 354/3 (Oem. 24.10; (10-11) two decrees 
against Philip, 346-340 (Oem. 18.70, 75); (12) honours for the Kephallenians, 34312 
(IG IJ2 224.6-7); (13) amendment to a proxeny decree, before 336/5 (IG 112 289.6). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
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162 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

Proposes a nomos concerning citizenship, 40312 (Ath. 577B). Brings five (?) eisange­
liai: 0) against Leosthenes (?) (e! no. 88 n.1), 36211 (Hyp. 3.1); (2) against Leos­
thenes' trierarchs (no. 142), 36211 (Oem. 51.8-9); (3) against Timotheos (no. 101), 
356/5 (Din. 3.17); (4) against Iphikrates (no. 100),356/5 (Polyaen. 3.9.29); (5) 
against Menestheus (?) (no. 102), 356/5 (Isoc. 15.129). Opposes (in the eeclesia?) 
making peace with Philip, 347/6 (Theopomp. FI66). Syndikos elected to defend Lep­
tines' law, 355/4 (Oem. 20.146). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 10), 36312 
(schol. Aeschin. 1.64). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 97), 361-343 (Hyp. 3.28). 
Defendant in a probole, 370-350 (?) (Oem. 21.218 with schoU. Acquitted in 75 
graphai paranomon (Aeschin. 3.194). Ambassador to Thebes, unknown date (Aes­
chin. 3.139). Strategos in 36312 (schol. Aeschin. 1.64). 

'ApuT"rwv (PA 2140). Brings an eisangelia (no. 119) against Lykophron, ea 333 (Hyp. 
2.1, 2, 8). 

'APUTTWVVIJ.O<; 'APUTTOVLKOV (not in PA). Proposes in the eeclesia an honorary decree 
for the Pellaneans, 345/4 (IG IF 220.7-8, 28-29). 

'Ap~8w<; IIpogEvov 'Arj>t8vaw<; (PA 2234, APF). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 9) 
against the honorary decree for Iphikrates, 371/0 (Lys. frr.36, 43). 

'Ap)(E81}1J.O<; 'Ap)(wv IIawvL81}<; (PA 2325). Proposes a decree of the people concerning 
envoys from Echinos, 349/8 (IG IF 208.5-6). 

'Ap)(La<; XOAap'Yev<; (PA 2481). Probably synegoros for Androtion in the graphe parano­
mon (no. 12) of 355/4 (Oem. 22.40). 

'Apx.tvo<; (not in PA). Defendant in an apophasis, 325/4 (Din. 1.63). (PA at 15437 
accepts the emendation XaptvovJ 

'Apxtvo<; EK KOLA1}<; (PA 2526). Proposes in the eeclesia an honorary decree for the 
democrats from Phyle, 403/2 (Aeschin. 3.187, Hesperia 10 [1941] 287 no. 78). Sup­
ports in the boule a decree ordering execution without trial of a citizen who did not 
respect the amnesty, 403/2 (Arist. Ath.Pol. 40.2). Proposes a nomos on paragraphe, 
403/2 (Isoc. 18.2). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 4) against Thrasyboulos, 403-401 
(Aeschin: 3.195, Ath.Pol. 40.2, Plut. Mor. 835F-836A). Strategos, frequently serving 
on the board (Oem. 24.135). In IG IJ2 10.1-2 the proposer is Archinos according to 
Wilhelm's restoration (Tod II 100), but Osborne restores Thrasyboulos (Naturaliza­
tion in Athens: 0 6). 

'A(T"rVr/>tAo<; <l>tAa'Ypov 'AAauv<; (PA 2662+2663+2664). Proposes two decrees of the 
people: 0) alliance with Methymna, 37817 (IG 112 42.3); (2) unknown content, 
373/2 (Hesperia 3 [1934] 2-3 no. 3). For the identifications see Agora XV 7.7 with 
p.370. 

AVTOKAT,<; I.TPO/L{3tXL80v EVwvvlJ-Ev.. (PA 2727, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 
90), 361/0 (Oem. 36.53). Ambassador to Sparta, 37211 (Xen. Hell. 6.3.2). Strategos 
in 36817 (Diod. 15.71.3) and 36211 (Oem. 23.104, 50.4). 

AVTOAVKO<; (PA 2746). Proposes the amendment to a decree of the people concerning 
Mytilene, 36817 (IG 112 107.30). Addresses the eeclesia on behalf of the council of 
the Areopagos, 346/5 (Aeschin. 1.81ffL Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 113), 33817 
(Lycurg. 1.53). Ambassador to Lesbos, 36817 (IG IJ2 107.32). 

'Aq,apev<; 'Io-oKpaTov<; 'Ep)(tev<; (PA 2769, APF). Addresses the eeclesia (Plut. Mor. 
839c, <> 8' 'Aq,apev<; O"VvE'YpaljJE ~v AOYOV<; ov 7rOAAOV<; 8e, 8tKaVtKov.. TE Kat O"VW 
(3ovAEVTtKOv..; Aphareus may have been a logographer, but logographers hardly ever 
wrote symbouleutic speeches). 

'Acfx}{31}TO<; 'ATpOWqTOV KO(JWKi81}<; (PA 2775, APF). Synegoros for Aischines in his 
euthynai, 343/2 (Aeschin. 2.179, Oem. 19.237). Ambassador 0) to Philip in 347/6 
(Aeschin. 2.94, Oem. 19.124); (2) to the king of Persia, before 343 (Aeschin. 2. 
149). Elected treasurer, before 343 (Aeschin. 2.149, oTe aVTOV E7rt TI,V 8WLK1}(]W 
eLAeo-(Je). 

'AXtAAev.. (PA 2796). Ambassador to Alexander, 33211 (Arr. A nab. 3.6.2). 
'AIjJ1}cJ>iwv Ba(Ji1T7rov (PA 2808). Brings a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai against 

Leptines' law on ateleia, 355/4 (Oem. 20.144). 
Ba(Jt7r7rOO; (PA 2814). Brings a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai against Leptines' law 

on ateleia, 356/5 (Oem. 20.144). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
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MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 163 

BAbTVPO~ IIHOav8pov IIawvi81)~ (PA 2881). Proposes an amendment to a decree of 
the people of unknown content, before 353/2 (IG II2 189.7). 

BpaxvAAo~ BaBVUov 'EpXLEv~ (PA 2928). Proposes in the eccfesia an honorary decree, 
ca 330 (IG II2 408.5). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for Eudoxos, 343/2 
(IG 112 223C.l0). 

navKET1J~ (PA 2946). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 13) against Euktemon, 354/3 
(Dem. 24.13-14). Addresses the eccfesia, 354/3 (Dem. 24.13). Ambassador to Mau­
solos, 355/4 (Oem. 24.l2-13). 

D.aVKWV (PA 301l). Proposes a decree of the people concerning envoys, 35817 (Dem. 
23.172, 177). 

rva9w~ IIpof3aAia-w~ (PA 3043, APF?). Proposes in the boule an alliance with Eretria, 
394/3 (IG IJ2 16.6); for the date c/ AlP 100 (1979) 398-400; 101 (980) 462-69. 

rv£lOwv AaKul81)~ (not in PA). Proposes a decree of the people of unknown content, 
init. s. iv (Hesperia 26 [1957] 207 no. 53); for the demotic see Hesperia 52 (1983) 
106 no. l.ii.e.8. 

~HVia~ 'EPXLEV~ (PA 3163, APF). Syndikos elected to defend Leptines' law, 355/4 
(Dem. 20.146). 

~HVOKpaT1)~ KAEOjL{3POTOV 'Ax.apvEv~ (PA 3181 +3185, APF). Strategos, 336/5 (IG 112 
1628.351, 370; 1629.871, 890). 

~HvouTpaTo~ ~HVulOOV 'AYKVA1i91)v (PA 3191 +3192). Proposes in the boule an 
honorary decree for Phanodemos, 343/2 (IG 112 223A.4). 

~EPKVAO~ AVTOKAEOV~ 'Ayvovuw~ (PA 3248+ 3249, APF). Ambassador to Philip three 
times in 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.47; Dem. 19.175; Aeschin. 2.140). 

~1)~81)~ ~1)~OV IImavLE~ (PA 3263, APF). Proposes 21 decrees of the people: (1) 
conclusion of peace with Philip, 33817 (Dem. 18.285, Diod. 16.87.3, Demades 1.9); 
(2) koine eirene and membership in the Corinthian League, 33817 (Plut. Phoc. 16.5); 
(3) honours for Euthykrates, 338-336 (Hyp. fr.80); (4) concerning Lemnos, 337/6 
(Hesperia 9 [1940] 325-27 no. 35); (5) citizenship for Alkimachos, 337/6 (IG IF 239 
[SEG XXI 2671, Harp. s. II. 'AAKiJLaXo~); (6) proxeny for?, 337/6 (IG 112 240.7); (7) 
unknown content, 337/6 (IG 112 241.5-6); (8) honours for Philip, 336/5 (Demades 
1.9, Diod. 16.92.1-2); (9) conclusion of peace with Alexander, 336/5 (?) (Demades 
1.14); (10) election of ten envoys to be sent to Alexander, 335/4 (Arr. Anab. 1. 
10.3); (11) reply to Alexander's request for extradition of ten leading Athenians, 
335/4 (Diod. 17.15.3); (12) unknown content, 334/3 (IG IJ2 335 [SEG XXI 274. 
10-11]); (13) citizenship for Amyntor, 334/3 (IG IF 405.4-5 [SEG XXI 275]); (14) 
honours for ?, 33211 (IG 112 346.12-13); (15) condemnation of triremes, 330/329 
(IG 112 1627.247-48); (16) honours for?, 329/8 (IG 112 353.9-10); (17) collection 
of naval debts, 326/5 (IG 112 1629.520); (I8) concerning epidoseis, 326/5 (IG 112 
1629.869); (19) concerning the deification of Alexander, 324/3 (Ae!. VH 5.12); (20) 
election of envoys to be sent to Antipater, 32211 (Plut. Phoc. 26.3); (2I) sentence of 
death passed on the anti-Macedonian Athenian leaders (Arr. FGrHist 156F9.13). 
Brings numerous eisangeliai (Polyeuktos fr.l Baiter/Sauppe). Convicted in three 
graphai paranomon (Diod. 18.18.2), the first (no. 28) in 338-336 (Hyp. fr.80-91) , 
the second (no. 38) in 324/3 (Ath. 251B, Ael. VH 5.12). Defendant in an apophasis 
in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Din. 1.89). Ambassador (]) to Philip, 
33817 (Suda 415 s. II. ~'T/,.w8'T/<;); (2) to Alexander, 335/4 (Plut. Dem. 23.6, Diod. 
17.15.4-5); (3) to Antipater, 32211 (Diod. 18.18.2). Tamias stratiotikon, 334/3 (IG 
IJ2 1493-95 [SEG XXI 552]). 

~'T/JLULVETO<; ~'T/jLEOV TImavLEv<; (PA 3265+3276, APF). Strategos, before 388 (Aes­
chin. 2.78); in 38817 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.10,26). 

~1)~a~ ~1)~OOV IIawvLEv~ (PA 3322, APF). Proposes in the eccfesia a citizenship 
decree for ?, before 321 (Hesperia 13 [1944] 231-33 no. 5). Addresses the ecclesia, 
before 322 (Ath. 591 F). 

4'T/~a<; I.1n1TTW<; (PA 3325). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for Lykourgos, 
before 324 (IG 112 3207: 1 follow Wilhelm in taking this to be the lower part of IG 
II2 457 and to record the honours bestowed on Lykourgos; see Attische Urkunden III 
[1925] 3-6 [Akademieschr. I 463ff]). 



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164 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

a'T/f.LT,TpWt; EVKTT,f.LOVOt; 'Ac/Jl,8vawt; (PA 3392). Proposes a decree of the people con­
cerning the cult of Amphiaraos, 332/1 (Syl/.3 287.9). 

a'T/f.LT,TpWt; <l>avocTTpaTov <l>aA'T/peVt; (PA 3455, APE). Ambassador to Antipater, 322 
(Demetr. Eloc. 289). 

a'T/f.LOKAei8'T/t; (PA 3476). Ambassador to Chios, 384/3 (IG 112 34.37). 
a'T/f.LOKAT/t; (PA 3487). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 128), 325/4 (Oem. 25.47). 
a'T/f.LOKpaT'T/t; a'T/f.LOKAEOV<; 'A~vawt; (PA 3521, APE). Exhorts the boule to pass a 

decree summoning Aristodemos, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.17). Addresses the ecclesia, 
33817 (Plut. Mor. 803 D). Synegoros for Philippides in a graphe paranomon (no. 32), 
336/5 (Hyp. 4.2-3). 

a'T/f.LOJ.LEA'T/t; aT,f.LWVOt; IIm.avLeVt; (PA 3554, APE). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary 
decree for Demosthenes, 339/8 (Dem. 18.222-23). Defendant in a graphe paranomon 
(no. 26), 33817 (Oem. 18.222, 249). 

a'T/f.LOUOEV'T/t; a'T/f.LOKAEOV<; AawrrrpeVt; (PA 3593). Proposes two decrees of the people: 
(1) honours for the epimeletai of the Amphiaraion, 329/8 (Syl/.3 298.9-10); (2) 
honours for Herakleides of Salamis, 325/4 (IG IJ2 360.5). 

a'T/f.LOUOEV'YIt; a'T/f.LOUOEVOV<; IIawvLEVt; (PA 3597, APE). Proposes 39 decrees of the 
people: (1) proposal for an expeditionary force and a smaller permanent force, 352/1 
(Oem. 4.13-29, 30, 33); (2) honours for Aristodemos, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.17); (3) safe 
conduct for the envoys from Philip, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.53-54); (4) honours for the 
first embassy to Philip, 347/6 (Oem. 19.234, Aeschin. 2.46); (5) instructing the pryta­
neis to summon the ecclesia on 18-19 Elaphebolion 346 (Aeschin. 2.61); (6) providing 
for an embassy to the Peloponnese, 345/4 (Oem. 18.79); (7) concerning Ainos, before 
342 (Oem. 58.36-37, 43); (8) providing for an embassy to Euboia, 343/2 (Oem. 
18.79); (9) ordering apophasis against Proxenos, 346-343 (Din. 1.63); (10) death 
sentence passed on Anaxinos, 343 (?) (Aeschin. 3.224); (1) alliance with Chalkis, 
34211 (Aeschin. 3.92-93); (12) providing for a campaign against Oreos, 34110 (Oem. 
18.79); (13) providing for embassies to Eretria and Oreos, 34110 (Aeschin. 3.95-101); 
(14) providing for a campaign against Eretria, 34110 (Oem. 18.79); (5) appointment 
of nomothetai, 340/339 (Oem. 18.102-07, cf. GRBS 19 [1978] 329); (6) squadrons 
sent to the Chersonese, to Byzantion, etc., 340/339 (Oem. 18.80); (17) declaration of 
war against Philip, 340/339 (Philoch. F55); (18) honours for Phokinos, Nikandros, 
and Dexippos, 340/339 (IG 112 231.6); (19) providing for envoys to Thebes, 339/8 
(Oem. 18.177-79); (20) alliance with Thebes, 339/8 (Aeschin. 3.142-45); (21) trans­
ferring revenue from the theoric to the stratiotic fund, 339/8 (Philoch. F56A); (22) 
providing for garrisons, 33817 (Oem. 18.248); (23) providing for the repair of the 
walls, 33817 (Oem. 18.248); (24) providing for the mending of the moats, 33817 
(Dem. 18.248); (25) judicial powers to the Areopagos, 33817 (?) (Din. 1.62, 82-83); 
(26) providing for a partial demobilization and the despatch of embassies, 33817 (Din. 
1.78-80); (27) prescribing meetings of the phylai for the repair of the walls, 33817 
(Aeschin. 3.27); (28) providing for armed assistance to Thebes, 335/4 (Diod. 17.8.6); 
(29) honours for the Bosporan princes, ca 330 (Din. 1.43); (30) citizenship for Kallias 
of Chalkis, ca 330 (Aeschin. 3.85, Hyp. 1.20); (31) citizenship for Taurosthenes, ca 
330 (Aeschin. 3.85, Hyp. 1.20); (32) citizenship for Chairephilos and his sons, before 
324 (Din. 1.43); (33) citizenship for Epigenes, before 324 (Din. 1.43); (34) citizenship 
for Konon, before 324 (Din. 1.43); (35) unknown content, before 324 (Din. fr.xlvii 
Con.); (36) ordering the arrest of Harpalos and confiscation of his money, 324 (Hyp. 
1.8-9, Din. 1.89); (37) instructing the Areopagos to investigate the Harpalos affair, 
324/3 (Din. 1.82-83); (38) honours for Diphilos, 324/3 (Din. 1.43; fr.xli Con.); (39) 
proposal to worship only the acknowledged deities, 324/3 (Din. 1.94). Proposes four 
decrees of the boule: (1) despatching ambassadors to the cities to be visited by Aristo­
demos, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.19); (2) instructing the prytaneis to summon an ecclesia on 
8 Elaphebolion 346 (Aeschin. 3.66-67); (3) proedria for the envoys from Philip, 347/6 
(Oem. 18.28, Aeschin. 2.55); (4) instructing the second embassy to leave Athens 
forthwith, 347/6 (Dem. 18.25-29, 19.154). Proposes a nomos on trierarchs, 340/339 
(Oem. 18.102-07, Din. 1.42). Brings (1) an eisangelia (no. 11 1) against Anaxinos, 343 
(?) (Aeschin. 3.223-24); (2) an apophasis against Archinos, 345/4 (Din. 1.63); (3) an 



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MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 165 

eisangelia (no. 129) against Kallimedon, 324/3 (Din. 1.94); (4) an euthynai against 
Aischines, 343/2 (Oem. 19.17). Synegoros for (1) Euthykles in an eisangelia (no. 
96), 360/359 (Aeschin. 3.52); (2) Ktesippos in a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai, 
355/4 (Oem. 20 hypoth. 3); (3) Philokrates in a graphe paranomon (no. 17), 34817 
(Aeschin. 2.14); (4) Timarchos in a dokimasia rhetoron, 346/5 (Aeschin. 1.1 66ft); (5) 
Phanostratos in a graphe paranomon (no. 29), 335-330 (Oem. 25 hypoth. 2); (6) 
Ktesiphon in a graphe paranomon (no. 30), 330/329 (Oem. 18.5 etc.); (7) Lykourgos 
in an endeixis (no. 32), 325/4 (Aristogeiton fr.O. Defendant (1) in a graphe parano­
mon (no. 22), before 342 (Oem. 58.23, 36-37, 42-44); (2) in a graphe paranomon 
(no. 25), 340/339 (Oem. 18.102-07); (3) in a graphe paranomon (no. 37), before 324 
(Din. fr.xlvii Con.); (4) in an apophasis in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 32413 
(Hyp. 1, Din. 0; in numerous graphai (paranomon), eisangeliai, and euthynai, 33817 
(Oem. 18.249). Ambassador (1) to Philip three times, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.18; Oem. 
19.17; Oem. 19.121 [elected], 122 [exomosia]); (2) to the Peloponnese, 345/4 (Oem. 
6.19-27); (3) pylagoros, 344/3 (Aeschin. 3.113); (4) to the Peloponnese, 343/2 
(Dem. 9.72); (5) to Byzantion and Thrace, 34211 (?) (Oem. 18.244, Aeschin. 
3.256); (6) to Thessaly, 34110 (?) (Oem. 18.244); (7) to the Peloponnese and Ar­
kadia, 34110 (Aeschin. 3.97, 256); (8) to Thebes, 339/8 (Oem. 18.179); (9) to the 
allies overseas, 33817 (Din. 1.80); to Alexander, 336/5 (Aeschin. 3.160; (II) to the 
Peloponnese, 335/4 (Plut. Mor. 851B); (12) to Arkadia, 323/2 (Plut. Dem. 27.4-5). 
Member of the Theoric Board, 337/6 (Aeschin. 3.24). 

aruwuTpaTo<; 'AptUTOqXVVTO<; 'A'1)VtEV<; (PA 3617, APF). Ambassador to Sparta, 372/1 
(Xen. Hell. 6.3.2>. 

a1)I-WTUuV (PA 3646). Addresses the ecc/esia, 366/5 (Xen. Hell. 7.4.4). 
tl1)~4xA.o<; (PA 3664). Proposes a decree of the people ordering a diapsephisis ton 

aston, 346/5 (Aeschin. 1.86, schol. Aeschin. 1.77). 
tl1)~4xA.o<; tl1)/-Wc/>iA.ov 'AXaPVEV<; (PA 3675, APF). Proposes two decrees of the peo­

ple: (1) concerning naval equipment, 324/3 or earlier (IG IJ2 1631.655-58); (2) 
honours for ?, before 31817 (IG 112 421.3-4). 

tl1)l-WqXVv (PA 3693). Strategos, 379/8 (Diod. 15.26.2). 
tl1)I-WXap'l1<; AaX'l1To<; AEVKOVOEV<; (PA 3716, APF). Addresses the ecc/esia, 32211 

(Plut. Mor. 847D). 
tl.q/-LWV tl'l1I-W~A.ov<; TIaWVtEv<; (PA 3736, APF). Proposes the decree of the people by 

which Demosthenes is recalled, 323/2 (Plut. Dem. 27.6, Mor. 846D). 
tltKawyf.V'I1<; MEVEgf.VOV KvBa(1)vatEv" (PA 3776, APF). Strategas in 324/3 (IG IJ2 

1631.380f, Reinmuth no. 15b.4-6) and 323/2 (IG IJ2 1631.215). 
tlwYEiTWV (PA 3790). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary decree for Timaphenides, 

before 353/2 (IG IJ2 152.7-8). 
tlwyviB1)<; (not in PA). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 122), 331-324 (Hyp. 3.3). 
tlwBwpo<; (PA 3919). Brings a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai against Timokrates, 

353/2 (Oem. 24.64, hypoth. 1). Synegoros for Euktemon in a graphe paranomon (no. 
12),355/4 (Oem. 22.1, hypoth. 1.0. 

tlWKA.7j<; (PA 3987). Brings a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai against (?), 400-380 
(Lys. frr.86-87). It is in fact only an assumption that Lysias' speech TTPO<; aWKA.ea 
lrrrEP TOV Kant nnv P'l1TOPWV vOI-WV was written for a client who defended a law about 
rhetores against a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai brought by Diokles. 

tlWKA.7j<; (PA 3989). Proposes a nomos concerning the coming into force of nomoi, ca 
400 (Oem. 24.42). 

tlWKA.7j<; 'AAW1TEK7j6u (PA 3990+4015, APF). Strategos, 357/6 (IG IJ2 124.23, Poly­
aen. 5.29, Oem. 21.174). 

awvvuw<; (PA 4092). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 74), 38817 (Oem. 19.180). 
Strategos, 38817 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.26, Oem. 19.180). 

tlwvvuw<; (PA 4095). <> ETT" T7j<; BWtK.qUEW<;, ca 330 (Din. fr.xiii Con.). 
tlWTTEi6'11c; tltcf>iA.ov LOVVtEV<; (PA 4327, APF). Strategos, 343/2 (Philoch. F 158); 342/1 

(Oem. 8.28); 34110 (Arist. Rh. 1386aI4, Aristogeiton fr.3.2). 
aWTTEi6'11<; tlWTTEi6ov<; Lc/>¥no<; (PA 4328, APF). Proposes two decrees of the people: 

(I) amendment to honours for Dioskourides, 346/5 (IG 112 218.22-23); (2) con-



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166 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

cerning Philip, 346-340 (Oem. 18.70). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 98), 361-343 
(Hyp. 3.29) . 

.dwn#J.O~ 'OA.vf.L7TwBWpov (?) Evwvvf.LE~ (?) (PA 4370, APF). Strategos, 390/389 (schol. 
Aristid. Panath. 172.4); 38817 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.7,25) . 

.dwn#J.O~ .dW7TEi(JO~ Evwvvf.LE~ (PA 4384, APF). Strategos, 33817 (JG 112 1628.396f, 
1623.200f [?]); 335/4 (JG 112 1623.277-78); ca 330 (JG 1)2 408.7-8) . 

.dwqxlv'Y/~ K'Y/1>wtE~ (PA 4409). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for Lykour­
gos, before 324 (JG 112 3207, cf supra .d'Y/~a~ L(f>,yI7·TW~) . 

.dWtJxxVTO~ (PA 4421; = 4435?). Ambassador to Alexander, 33211 (Arr. A nab. 3.6.2) . 

.dWtJxxVTO~ <l>paCTtKA.el.Bov MvpptvOV<TW~ (PA 4435, APFJ. Proposes two decrees of the 
people: (1) unknown content, 337/6 (JG 112 242.6-7); (2) honours for Kalliteles, 
337/6 (JG IJ2 243.6-7). Proposes in the boule a decree relating to a trireme, 33817 
(?) (JG 112 1623.210-12) . 

.dWtJxxVTO~ epa<TVf.L,y,8o~ L<frfJTTW~ (PA 4438). Proposes three decrees of the people: 
(1) honours for Koroibos, 36817 (JG 1)2 106.6); (2) honours for the envoys from 
Mytilene, 36817 (JG 1f2 107.8); (3) celebrating the defence of Thermopylai, 35312 
(Oem. 19.86). Member of the Theoric Board, 360-350 (?) (schol. Aeschin. 3.24 
Schultz). For the patronymic see Hesperia 26 (1957) 3 no. S2.13 . 

.dU/xA.o~ .dW7TEi(JO~ !.OVVtE~ (PA 4467+4487, APF). Proposes a nomos relating to the 
navy, 32312 or earlier (JG 1)2 1631.511, 1632.19). Addresses the ecc/esia with a 
speech written by Deinarchos or Demosthenes, 324/3 (Din. fr.xli Con.) . 

.diwv (PA 4491). Ambassador 0) to ?, 394/3 (IG 112 1424a.350); (2) to Tiribazos, 
39211 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.13) . 

.du.Ovoo~ (PA 4524). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 26) against Hypereides, 33817 
(Oem. 18.222, 249). Plut. Mor. 848D records also a graphe paranomon against Aristo­
nikos, probably confusing the honorary decree for Demosthenes proposed by Aristo­
nikos with that proposed by Hypereides . 

.dpW7Ti8'Y/~ 'AcfxBvaw~ (PA 4575+4576). Ambassador to Dareios III, 33312 (Curt. 
3.13.15). For the demotic see Hesperia 19 (1950) 261 no. 19.22. 

'Ef.Lf.LEviB'Y/~ (PA 4687). Proposes a decree of the people relating to the Eleusinion, 
33211 or earlier (IGI)2 1544.30). 

"Ef.L7TEBo~ 'OiJlJEV (PA 4696a). Ambassador to Thessaly, 361/0 (?) (JG lIZ 175.2-3). 
'E{T,KE<TTi8'Y/~ Xapiov eOpiKW~ (PA 4710+4718, APF). Proposes in the ecc/esia an 

alliance with Thessaly, 361/0 (IG 112 116.8). Strategos, 357/6 (JG 1f2 124.22). 
'E{T,KE<TTi8'Y/~ naA.A.'Y/vE~ (PA 4721). Ambassador to Byzantion, 37817 (JG 112 41.18). 
'E7TtKpaT'Y/~ K'Y/<f>t<TtE~ (PA 4859, APF). Addresses the ecc/esia, 397/6 (Hell.Oxy. 7.2, 

schol. Ar. Eccl. 71). Defendant 0) in an euthynai (?) as presbeus, 394-392 (?) (Lys. 
27.0; (2) in an eisangelia (no. 69)' 39211 (Philoch. FI49a). Ambassador (1) to the 
king of Persia, 394-392 (Plato Com. frr.119, 122 K.); (2) to Sparta, 39211 (Oem. 
19.277-80, Philoch.). 

'E7TLKpaT'Y/~ .. OT-Y,TOV naU'Y/vE~ (PA 4863, APF). Proposes a decree of the people 
concerning appointment of nomothetai, 353/2 (Oem. 24.27). Proposes two nomoi: 0) 
concerning the financing of a festival, 354/3 (unpublished); (2) concerning the 
epheboi, 336/5 (?) (Harp. s. v. 'E7TtKpaT'Y/~ = Lycurg. fr.v.3 Con.). 

'E7TtKpaT'Y/~ MEVE<TTpaTOV naA.A.'Y/vEv~ (PA 4909, APF). Proposes in the ecc/esia an 
amendment to an honorary decree for Pythodoros, 369/8 (I. Delos I 88.15). 

'E7TtTEA.'Y/~ LwtvO#J.OV nEP'Ya<TiJlJEv (PA 4963). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary 
decree for Lapyris, 323/2 (JG 1)2 365.6-7). 

'E7Ttxap'Y/~ (PA 4976). Proposes in the ecc/esia an amendment to a proxeny decree, 
before 353/2 (JG IJ2 188.13). 

'E7Ttxap'Y/~ Aaf.L7TTpE~ (PA 4990. Synegoros for Kephisios in an endeixis (no. 10), 
400/399 (Andoc. 1.95). 

'E7Ttxap'Y/~ XoUEi8'Y/~ (APF 58-59). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary decree for 
Charidemos, before 342 (Oem. 58.30-34). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 
23), before 342 (Oem. 58.30). 

·EP'YOKA.iJ~ (PA 5052, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 73), 390/389 (Lys. 28, 29; 
Oem. 19.180). Strategos, 390/389 (Lys. 28.2, 12). 



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MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 167 

'EP'YOqxAOS' (PA 5062). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 86), 36312 (Oem. 19.180, Arist. 
Rh. 1380blO). Strategos, 363/2 (Oem. 23.104). 

"EpI-U7T7TOS' nopwS' (PA 5116). Ambassador to Olynthos, 376/5 (?) (IG 112 36.7). 
'Ep/-w'Y£v7]S' 'I1T'7ToviKOV (?) 'AAW7TEKi!(h;v (PA 5119, APF). Ambassador to Tiribazos, 

39211 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.13). 
Ev{30vAiB7]S' 'AvncpLAov 'AAL/-WVUW<; (PA 5323). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary 

decree for Dioskourides, 346/5 (IG 112 218.6-7). 
EV/30VAi87]c; 'E7TLKAEi8ov 'EAEvuivw<; (PA 5325). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 72), 

39211 (Philoch. F 149a). Ambassador to Sparta, 39211 (Philoch.). For the patronymic 
cf IG 112 2811. 

Evf30vAO<; L7TLv8apov npo{3aAWWS' (PA 5369). Proposes three decrees of the people: 
0) recalling Xenophon (?), 370-360 (?) (Diog. Laert. 2.59); (2) inviting envoys 
from all Greek poleis to Athens, 34817 (?) (Oem. 19.304); (3) concerning Philip, 
346-340 (Oem. 18.70, 75). Proposes a nomos concerning the theoric fund, 349/8 
(schol. Oem. 1.1 p.9.1). Brings a probole against Aristophon, ca 370-350 (Oem. 
21.218 with scho\.). Synegoros for Aischines in an euthynai, 34312 (Oem. 19.290, 
Aeschin. 2.184). Member of the Theoric Board, ca 350 (Aeschin. 3.25). 

EVS7]/-WS' KvBa87]vaLEvS' (PA 5401). Proposes a nomos, 38211 (Oem. 24.138). Defen­
dant in a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai, 382/1 (Oem. 24.138). 

EvBtooKTOS' Aap:1TTpEV<; (PA 5414). Ambassador to Delphoi, 35211 (IG If2 204.83). 
Ev&~S' 8Ea'Y'Y£AOV LV7TaA7]TTwS' (PA 5439). Addresses the boule frequently, 34312 

(IG IP 223C.1O-12). 
EVEn/.wv nV8a'Y'YEAov K7]CPLULEV<; (PA 5461 +5462, APF). Strategos, 32312 (IG If2 

505.l8, Diod. 18.l5.9). 
EVETI.wV AVTOKAEiBov Lqn,TTWC; (PA 5463, APF). Proposes in the boule a decree con­

cerning the priest of Asklepios, 32817 (IG 112 354.32). 
EV.,]'YOPoS' <l>LAOivov nmavLEvS' (PA 5466, APF). Proposes a nomos concerning probolai 

in the ecc/esia, before 350 (Oem. 21.10). 
Ev8vKAi!<; 8p..auw<; (PA 5581, APF). Brings an eisangelia (no. 96) against Kephiso­

dotos, 360/359 (Dem. 23.5, 165-68). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 14) against 
Aristokrates, 35211 (Oem. 23.5; hypoth. l.2, 2.4). 

Ev8V#UlXOS' (PA 5624). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for Mennias, 353/2 
(IG 112 138.4). 

EVKAEiB7]S' (PA 5678). Ambassador to Philip, 345/4 (?) (Oem. 19.162 with schol. 
p.392.8). 

EVKpaT7JC; 'APLUTOTi/-Wv IlnpmEV<; (PA 5762). Proposes a nomos against tyranny, 337/6 
(Hesperia 21 [1952] 355-59 no. 5). 

EVKT7]#UJ.!V (PA 5784). Proposes a decree of the people ordering the collection of 91/2 

talents, 354/3 (Oem. 24.11-14, cf 9). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 12) against 
Androtion, 355/4 (Oem. 22.1, 3). Synegoros for Diodoros in a graphe nomon me 
epitedeion theinai, 353/2 (Oem. 24.10, hypath. 2.5). Defendant in a graphe paranomon 
(no. 13),354/3 (Oem. 24.9,11-15). 

Evvo/-WS' (PA 5861). Ambassador to Sicily, 394/3 (Lys. 19.19): perhaps sent privately 
by Konon and not officially elected, but cf infra EVPL1T'7TiB7]S'. Strategos, 38817 (Xen. 
Hell. 5.l.5, 7-9). 

Evvo/-WS' KvBL~XOV (PA 5863). Synegoros for Aristogeiton in an endeixis (no. 32), 
325/4 (Oem. 25.55). 

EV~EVL1T'7TOS' 'E8EAoKpaTov<; Aap:1TTpEV<; CPA 5886+5888, APF). Addresses the ecc/esia 
and reports on his dream in the Amphiaraion, ca 330-324 (Hyp. 3.14). Defendant in 
an eisangelia (no. 124), ca 330-324 (Hyp. 3). 

Ev~i8EOS' (PA 5900. Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary decree for Xanthippos, 
before 37817 (IG 112 60.4). 

EVPL1T'7TiB7]S' 'ABn~vTov Mvppwovuwc; (PA 5949 + 5955 + 5956, APF). Proposes two 
decrees of the people: 0) honours for Eukles, ca 40312 (IG 112 145.3-4, cf 
Rhodes, Athenian Boule 85); (2) concerning eisphora, before 393 (Ar. Ece!. 825 
with schoU. Ambassador to Sicily, 394/3 (Arist. Rh. 1384b15 with schol. 106-07 
Rabe). 



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168 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

Elx/MTjTO~ EV4>tA-rlTOV KTj</>w"I.E~ (PA 6054, APE'). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honor­
ary decree for Euphron, 32312 (IG 112 448.6). 

EVcf>poO"lJvo~ nac.avl.E~ (PA 6123). Ambassador to Keos, ca 350 (IG 112 1128.39-40). 
'E<fxc:lATTj~ (PA 6156). Ambassador to the king of Persia, 341/0 (?) (Plut. Mor. 847F). 

Strategos, 350/349 (Philoch. FI55). 
'H'YE~XO~ XaLP-rlf..LOvo~ nEpdJo~~ (PA 6282). Proposes in the boule an honorary 

decree for the epheboi of Kekropis, 334/3 (IG 112 1156.36). 
'H'Y-r1#-uuv (PA 6290). Proposes two nomoi: (1) concerning the theorika, before 330 

(Aeschin. 3.25); (2) concerning naval equipment, before 326 (IG IJ2 1628.300). 
Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 120), ca 331 (Oem. 25.47). 

'H'Y-r1uavBpo~ 'H)'Tjuiov r.OVVI.E~ (PA 6307, APE'). Proposes a decree of the people 
concerning Andros, 357/6 (IG 112 123.7). Opposes Aristophon in the ecc/esia, before 
346/5 (Aeschin. 1.64). Synegoros for Timarchos in the dokimasia rhetoron, 346/5 
(Aeschin. 1.71). 

'H)'TjUiAE~ npof3alUuto~ (?) (PA 6339). Strategos, 36211 (Ephoros FGrHist 70F85, 
Diod. 15.84.2); 349/8 (Oem. 19.290 with schol. 434.14). 

'H'Y-r1O"t1MTO~ 'H)'Tjuiov r.OVVI.E~ (PA 6351, APE'). Proposes six decrees of the people: 
(1) concerning Eretria, 357/6 (IG 112 125.1); (2) honours for some Akarnanians, 
33817 (IG 112 237.5-6); (3) alliance with Phokis, 356/5 (Aeschin. 3.118); (4) reply 
to Python, 344/3 (Oem. 7.23-26); (5) reply to Philip's letter, 34312 (Oem. 7.46); 
(6) relating to Philip, 346-340 (Oem. 18.75). Brings (1) a graphe paranomon (no. 11) 
against Kallippos, ca 357 (Oem. 7.43); (2) an eisangelia (no. 99) against some trai­
tors, 357/6 (IG 112 125.7-9). Synegoros for Timarchos in the dokimasia rhetoron, 
346/5 (Aeschin. 1.71). Ambassador (1) to Philip, 343/2 (Oem. 19.330; (2) to the 
Peloponnese, 343/2 (Oem. 9.72). 

'HpaKAEiBTj~ 0 KAa'o~vto~ (PA 6489). Proposes a nomos (?) by which the EKKATjUL­
aUTI.Kov is raised from one to two obols, before 393 (Arist. A th. Pol. 41.3). 

9EaiTTjTO~ 'EpXI.E~ (PA 6630. Addresses the ecc/esia concerning the alliance with the 
Thessalians, 361/0 (IG 112 116.45, cf. Tod II 147). 

9EO&uPO~ 'AvTl4xlVOV 'AAc.nrEK'ij8EV (PA 6854). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary 
decree for Phyleus, 335/4 (IG IJ2 330.5). 

eEO'OTI.BTj~ KEKpomoo~ cf>VAi,~ (PA 6913+6914, APE'). Proposes two decrees of the 
people: (1) concerning the orphans of the democrats, 403/2 (?) (Hesperia 40 [1971] 
280-301 no. 7); (2) honours for?, ca 400 (IG 112 5.11 [SEG XIV 36]). Defendant 
in a graphe paranomon (no. 5),403/2 (?) (P.Hib. 1.14 = Lys. fr.vi Gernet/Bizos). 

eEOKpI.VTj~ 'Yf3&BTj~ (PA 6946). Brings four graphai paranomon (nos. 21-24), before 
342: (1) against Thoukydides (Oem. 58.23, 36-38); (2) against Demosthenes (Oem. 
58.23, 36, 42-44); (3) against Epichares (Oem. 58.1, 30-34, 70); (4) against An­
timedon (Oem. 58.35). 

9EO,uVTj~ 'Oi,8Ev (PA 6957). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary decree for Lykour­
gos, before 324 (IG II2 3207). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for Lykour­
gos, before 324 (IG 112 3207), cf. supra 4Tj~a~ r.cf>-r1TTto~. 

9EO""VTjUTO~ (PA 6962). Addresses the ecc/esia, 394-384 (Lys. 10.0. Defendant in a 
dokimasia rhetoron, 394-384 (Lys. 10.1 Gernet/Bizos). 

9E01TO""1TO~ (PA 7016). Ambassador to Mytilene, 37817 (IG II2 40.7). 
9EOTLf..LO~ (PA 7055). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 94), 361/0 (?) (Hyp. 3.1). Strate­

gos, 361/0 (?) (HypJ. 
9EOcf>T/f..LO~ EVwvvl-£E~ (PA 7094, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 144), 357/6 

(Oem. 47.41-44). 
9EO<fxAO~ MEAiTwvO~ 'AAw1TEK'ij8Ev (PA 7126). Synegoros for Lykophron in an eisangelia 

(no. 119), 333/2 (?) (Hyp. 2.20, P.Oxy. 1607). 
9Tjf3a'YEVTj~ 'EAEVUI.Vto~ (PA 7231). Ambassador to Dionysios of Heraklea, 330-328 

(IG IJ2 360.45). 
eovKAEI.BTj~ AiavTI.OO~ cf>vAi,~ (not in PA). Strategos, 394/3 (IG 112 5221.2-4). 
90VKVBiBTj~ (PA 7265). Proposes a decree of the people concerning syntaxis paid by the 

Ainians, before 342 (Oem. 58.36-38). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 21), 
before 342 (Oem. 58.23, 36-38). 



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MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 169 

<-lparrof30vAO<; E>pauwlJo<; 'EpXtEv<; (PA 7304, APF). Sfrafegos (?), 35312 (fG 112 1613. 
270); sfrafegos, 326/5 (fG IJ2 1628.40-41; 2969). 

<-lparro{3ovAo<; 8pauwlJo<; KOAAVTEV<; (PA 7305, APF). Defendant in two eisangeliai 
(nos. 75, 76): 0) 38817 (Lys. 26.21-24, Oem. 24.134); (2) 38312 (Lys. 26.21-23, 
Oem. 24.134). Ambassador to Thebes, 37817 (Aeschin. 3.138, IG IJ2 43.76). Strate­
gos, 388/7 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.26); 37312 (Hesperia 8 [I939] 3-5 no. 2). 

8parrof30vAo<; AVKOV LTEtPLEV<; (PA 7310, APF). Proposes three decrees of the people: 
(J) citizenship to democrats, 40312 (Arist. Afh.Pol. 40.2, Aeschin. 3.195); (2) second 
grant of citizenship to democrats, 401/0 (fG 112 10.1, Osborne 0 6); (3) alliance with 
Boiotia, 395/4 (Xen. Hell. 3.5.16). Addresses the ecc/esia, 397/6 (Hell.Oxy. 6.2). 
Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 4), 40312 (?) (Arist. Afh.Pol. 40.2, Aeschin. 
3.195). Strategos, 395/4 (Paus. 3.5.4, Lys. 16.15); 390/389 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.25-30. 

8paavKA7J<; E~ OLOV (PA 7327). Pylagoros, 340/339 (Aeschin. 3.115). 
8paavKAT,<; ITaAA'TII'Ev<; (PA 7328). Ambassador to Olynthos, 376/5 (IG IJ2 36.6). 
E>paavl\l\o<; ITalJBwviBo<; rPvl\iJ<; (PA 7338). Synegoros for Andokides in an endeixis (no. 

10), 400/399 (Andoc. 1.150). 
8pauwIJ 'EPXLEVr; (PA 7384, APF). Ambassador (1) to Thebes, 379-371 (Aeschin. 

3.138, Din. 1.38); (2) to Thrace, 356/5 (IG 112 127.37). 
'IaTpoKl\iJ<; I1auupWIJTo<; (PA 7442). Addresses the boule, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.16). Am­

bassador three times to Philip, 347/6 (1: Aeschin. 2.20; 2: Oem. 19.197-98, Aeschin. 
2.126; 3 I?]: Oem. 19.121). 

'IEpoKl\EiB7)<; TLJ.LOUTPCXTOV 'AAW1TEKT,8E IJ (P A 7463). Proposes two decrees of the peo­
ple: (1) honours for Theogenes, 349/8 (IG IJ2 206.5-7, 26-27); (2) unknown con­
tent, 349/8 (JG 112 209.5). 

'IEpwvvJ.LO<; (PA 7552). Strategos, 395/4 (Lys. fr.123, Diod. 14.8l.4). 
'IEpwlJvJ.LO<; OiKW<!>i.AOV<; 'PaJ-Lvovuw<; (PA 7570). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary 

decree for Kallikratides, co 330 (IG IF 415.11). 
'If.,tEpaw<; <PaIJOUTpaTOv <PaA7)pEv<; (PA 7578, APF). Elected prosecutor in the apopha­

sis in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 846c). Defendant in an 
eisangelia (no. 130), 336-322 (Din. fr.xiv Con.). 

TmToU1:paTo<; 'ETeapxiSov ITaAA7)IJEv<; (PA 7669). Proposes a decree of the people 
concerning Elaious, 341/0 (JG 112 228.7-8). 

'ITMTOXap7)<; 'AAW1TEK7J8EIJ (PA 7670). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for 
Phyleus, 336/5 (!G IF 330.26, 50). 

'Ir/>tKpaT'Y]<; 'IrPLKpcXTov<; 'PaJ-LlJovuw<; (PA 7736, APF). Ambassador to Dareios III, 
333/2 (Arr. Anab. 2.15.2-4, Curt. 3.13.15). 

'Ir/>tKpaT'Y]<; TLJ.L08eov 'PaJ-LlJovuw<; (PA 7737, APF). brings eisangeliai against (1) Timo­
theos (no. 80), 37312 (Oem. 49.9, Lys. fr.228); (2) Antimachos (no. 81), 37312 
(Oem. 49.9-10). Synegoros for? in a graphe paranomon (no. 9), 371/0 (Lys. fr.xviii). 
Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 100), 356/5 (Lys. fr.lxv, Dion. Hal. Lys. 480). Sfrafe­
gos, 390/389 (Diod. 14.92.2); 389/8 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.34); 38817 (Hell. 5.1.7, 25); 
37312 (Oem. 49.22, Hell. 6.2.13-39); 372/1 (Hell. 6.3.3); 370/369 (Hell. 6.5.49); 
36817 (Aeschin. 2.27); 367/6, 366/5, 365/4 (Oem. 23.149); 364/3 (Oem. 23.149, 
schol. Aeschin. 2.31), deposed; 357/6 (IG 112 124.20); 356/5 (Dion. Hal. Lys. 480, 
Lys. fr.lxv). Mercenary leader before 390, cf Xen. Hell. 4.5.13 apxwlJ versus UTpa­
TTryWIJ. Perhaps strafegos in 369/8 (Polyaen. 3.9.20). 

Kal\l\ia<; TmTOlJiKOV 'Al\W1TEKiJOEIJ (PA 7826, APF). Ambassador to Sparta three times 
(Xen. Hell. 6.3.4), the third time in 372/1 (Hell. 6.3.2). Strafegos in 391/0 (Hell. 
4.5.13). 

KaAAia<; "A{3pwlJo<; BaTiJ8EIJ (PA 7856, APF). Tamias stratiofikon, 33817 (Plut. Mor. 
842F). 

Kal\l\ia<; (not in PA). Sfrafegos, 341/0 (Oem. 12.5). According to Schafer (II 492.3) 
the reference is to Kallias of Chalkis, but I follow H. Weil, Les harangues de Demos­
fhene 3 (Paris 1912) 407, in believing that <> 1Tap' VJ.LWIJ uTpaT'Y]'Yo<; probably denotes a 
regular elected Athenian general. 

KaAALKpaT'Y]<; (not in PA). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 37) against Demosthenes, 
date unknown (Din. fr. xli i Sauppe). 



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170 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

KaAALKpCXT'TI<O; Xapo1TiSov Aaj.L1TTpEv<o; (PA 7946+7973+8213). Proposes two decrees of 
the people: (1) honours for Kephisodoros, 346/5 (fG If2 215.5-6); (2) concerning 
the Tenedians, 340/339 (fG 112 233.5). 

KaAAL~&uv (PA 8030, APF). Ambassador to Tiribazos, 39211 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.13). 
KaAALj.Le&uv KaAALKpaTov<o; KOAAVTEV<O; (PA 8032, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia 

(no. 129), 324/3 (Din. 1.94). 
KaAAL1T1To<o; <l>iAWVO<O; A~WVEV<O; (PA 8065, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 92), 

361/0 (Dem. 36.53). 
KaAAL1T1To<o; IImavLEv<o; (PA 8078). Proposes a decree of the people concerning kler­

ouchs near Kardia, ca 357 (Dem. 7.42-43). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 
I I), ca 357 (Dem. 7.42-42). 

KaAAUy8ev'TI<O; (PA 8088). Ambassador to Tiribazos, 39211 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.13). 
KaAAW-8ev'TI<O; (PA 8089). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 85), 363/2 (Aeschin. 2.30, 

Arist. Rh. 1380blOff). Strategos in 363/2 (Aeschin. 2.30). 
KaAAW8evTI<O; (PA 8090). Proposes two decrees of the people: (I) al\iance with Ketri­

poris, Lyppeios, and Grabos, 356/5 (fG 112 127.7); (2) concerning the evacuation of 
Attika, 347/6 (Dem. 18.37, 19.86 + scho\.). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 118), 
after 336 (Din. fr.xix Con.). 

KaAAW-8evTI<O; Xapo1Tioov TPWEJ.LEV<o; (PA 8106). Proposes in the boule an honorary 
decree for three council\ors, 32817 (Agora XV 49.41). 

KaAAwTpaTo<o; KaAALKpaTov<o; 'Acf>Wvaw<o; (PA 8157+8129, APF). Proposes four de­
crees of the people: (I) impeachment of four ambassadors to Sparta, 39211 (Philoch. 
FI49a); (2) rider to an honorary decree for Polychartides and Alkibiades, 378-376 
(?) (fG If2 84.9-10); (3) armed assistance to the Lakedaimonians, 370/369 (Dem. 
59.27); (4) answer to the Mytilenian ambassadors, 369/8 (fG If2 107.36). Brings six 
eisangeliai: (1-4) against the four ambassadors to Sparta (nos. 69-72), 39211 (Phi­
loch. F 149a); (5) against Timotheos (no. 80), 373/2 (Dem. 49.9-10); (6) against 
Antimachos (no. 81), 373/2 (Dem. 49.9-10). Brings an euthynai (?) against Melano­
pos, before 361 (Arist. Rh. 1374b25-26). Defendant in (1) an eisangelia (no. 83), 
366/5 (Arist. Rh. 1364aI9-23); (2) an eisangelia (no. 87), 362/1 (Hyp.3.1-2). 
Ambassador (1) to Sparta, 37211 (Xen. Hell. 6.3.3); (2) to Arkadia and Messene, 
363/2 (Nep. Epam. 6, Arist. Rh. 1418blO). Strategos, 378/7 (Diod. 15.29.7); 373/2 
(Xen. Hell. 6.2.39); 37211 (Hell. 6.3.3). 

KaAAwTparo<o; 0opiKw<o; (PA 8168). Proposes in the boule a decree concerning naval 
equipment, 3301329 or earlier (JG 112 1627.374-95 etc.). 

KecPaAo<o; KOAAVTEV<O; (PA 8277). Proposes two decrees of the people: (1) rider to hon­
ours for Phanokritos, 387/6 (JG IF 29.6); (2) armed assistance to Thebes against 
Sparta, 379/8 (Din. 1.39). Proposes innumerable decrees (Aeschin. 3.194). Synegoros 
for Andokides in an endeixis (no. 10), 400/399 (Andoc. 1.150). Ambassador to 
Chios, 384/3 (fG IJ2 34.35-36). 

K.,j&uv (PA 8281). Strategos, 376/5 (Diod. 15.34.5). 
KTlcpWw<o; (PA 8288). Brings an endeixis (no. 10) against Andokides, 4001399 (Andoc. 

1.33, 121-22). 
K TI c/>UT() 00 TO <0; (not in PA). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary decree for Demades, 

336/5 (Lex.Patm. 159f s. v. fKaTl)j.L1TESOI/). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 
31),33615 (Lex.Patm.). 

KTlcf>w-OSOTO<O; 'AXaPVEV<;; (PA 8313). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 96), 360/359 
(Dem. 23.167, Aeschin. 3.51-52). Strategos, 3601359 (Dem. 23.163). For the de­
motic cf. Anaxandrides fr.41.18. 

KTlcf>w-OSOTO<O; Evapxioov 'AXaPVEV<;; (PA 8327). Proposes in the boule an honorary 
decree for Herakleides of Salamis, 330-328 (JG IJ2 360.51). 

KTlcf>w-OOOTO<O; €K KEpa~wv (PA 8331). Proposes four decrees of the people: (I) con­
cerning the command of the al\ied forces, 369/8 (Xen. Hell. 7.1.12-14); (2) pro­
viding for armed assistance sent to Euboia, 35817 (Arist. Rh. 1411a6-10; (3) hon­
ours for Straton of Sidon, ca 364 (?) (JG IJ2 141.30); (4) concerning the Aitolian 
League, 367/6 (Hesperia 8 [1939] 5-12 no. 3). Addresses the ecc/esia opposing 



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MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 171 

Chares, 34817 (Arist. Rh. 1411a6). Syndikos elected to defend Leptines' law, 355/4 
(Dem. 20.146, 150). Ambassador to Sparta, 372/1 (Xen. Hell. 6.3.2). 

KT/Ij>/ffoBwpoc; (PA 8351). Addresses the ecclesia, before 329 (?) (Timokles fr.16 K.). 
KT/cfxuocPWv KEcPaAI.wVOC; 'Ac!>Lf!vawc; (PA 8410, APF). Strategos, 345/4 (?) (IG II 701 

= IF 1443.112-13, cf APF); 342/1 (Philoch. FI59); 341/0 (?) (IG IF 1623.35-37, 
cf APF); 340/339 (IG IF 1628.438, 1629.959). Member of the Theoric Board, 343/2 
(IG IF 223C.6). In IG IF 244.2 his name is restored as the proposer of the nomos 
for repair of the walls. 

KT/cfxuocPWv IlmavLEvc; (PA 8400+8401 +8415+8416, APF). Proposes in the ecclesia 
an honorary decree for the Samians, 403/2 (IG 112 1.42, 51). 

KT/4>ouocpWv KaA.A.t/3iov IlatavLEVc; (PA 8417, APF). Proposes four decrees of the 
people: (1) honours for the boule, 343/2 (IG 112 223B.7-9); (2) concerning a mes­
sage sent to Chares, 347/6 (GRBS 18 [1977] 53) (Aeschin. 2.73); (3) concern­
ing Philip, 346-340 (Oem. 18.75); (4) rider to honours for Asklepiodoros, ca 342 
(IG 112 276.23-24). Addresses the ecclesia in support of Philokrates, 347/6 (Oem. 
18.21). 

KT/c!>/ffocpWv AVULcPWVTOC; XOAapYEvc; (PA 8419). Proposes a decree of the people regu­
lating the despatch of a squadron to the Adriatic, 325/4 (IG 112 1629.170). Defendant 
in an apophasis in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Din. 1.45; for the 
identification cf APF 149). 

Kif.U1Jv AaKul8T/C; (?) (PA 8424, APF). Ambassador to Philip three (?) times in 347/6 
(1: Aeschin. 2.21; 2 [?]: Oem. 19.163-65; 3 [?]: Oem. 19.120. 

KtvT/uiac; MeA.T/TOC; (PA 8438). Proposes in the boule (?) an honorary decree for Dio­
nysios I, 394/3 (IG IF 18.5). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 6) against Phanias, 
400-380 (Lys. fr.143). 

KA.f.LT0#-Wxoc; (not in PA). Ambassador to the Peloponnese, 343/2 (Oem. 9.72 vulg., 
am. SFYO). The names of Kleitomachos and Lykourgos are omitted by the best 
MSS.: but Plut. Mar. 841 E shows that Lykourgos did serve on the embassy, and so I 
am prepared to accept Kleitomachos as well. 

KAEoj30VAOC; fAavKov 'AXaPVEVC; (PA 8558, APF). Strategos, 389/8 (Aeschin. 2.78). 
Kovwv TtJ.LOOeov 'Avalj>A.VUTWC; (PA 8707, APF). Brings an eisangelia (no. 68) against 

Adeimantos, 393/2 (?) (Oem. 19.190. Ambassador to Tiribazos, 392/1 (Xen. Hell. 
4.8.13). Strategos (?), 39413, 393/2 (?) (Harp. s. v. gEVLK()IJ EV Kopiv(J<!i). 

Kovwv TLJ.LOOeOV 'Avac!>A.VUTWC; (PA 8708, APF). Strategos, 334/3 (IG 112 2970.5 [SEG 
XXII 148]); 333/2 (IG IJ2 2976.9, Hesperia 9 [1940] 62-63 no. 8.ii.9-10). 

Kpanvoc; (PA 8752). Proposes three decrees of the people: 0) honours for Astykrates, 
363/2 (IG IF 109a.7, b.8L (2) honours for ?, 354/3 (IG IF 134.6); (3) honours for 
Democharis, before 353/2 (IG 112 172.3-4). 

Kpanvoc; r..1j>i)TTWC; (PA 8757a). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 71), 392/1 Philoch. 
FI49a). Ambassador to Sparta, 392/1 (Philoch.). 

KpiTWC; (PA 8798). Proposes in the ecclesia an alliance with the Korkyraeans, the 
Akarnanians, and the Kephallenians, 375/4 (IG IF 96.4-5). 

KTT/uiac; (PA 8838). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for the Karpathians, 
394/3 (Syll.3 129.4). 

KTT/UtKA.T/C; (PA 8861). Strategos, 393/2 (?) (Lys. 9.6); 374/3 (Diod. 15.46.3); 373/2 
(Xen. Hell. 6.2.10 [VT/UtKA.W or UTT/UtKA.W], Diod. 15.47.4). 

KTT/UtKA.T/C; BaTT/OEv (PA 8868). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for Lykour­
gos, before 324 (IG IF 3207, cf supra AT/~ac; r..4>iJTTWC;). 

KTT/utcf>Wv (PA 8893). Addresses the ecclesia in support of a conclusion of peace with 
Philip, 347/6 (Oem. 19.12). Ambassador (1) to Philip, 34817 (Aeschin. 2.12); (2) to 
Philip three (?) times, 347/6 0: Aeschin. 2.42; 2 [?] Oem. 19.163-65; 3 [?]: Oem. 
19.120. 

KTT/UtcpWv (PA 8894). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for Demosthenes, 
337/6 (Aeschin. 3.12, 34, 49, 53, 101, 155, 236-37, etc.). Defendant in a graphe 
paranomon (no. 30), 330/329 (Aeschin. 3.9, Oem. 18.13, etc.). Ambassador to Kleo­
patra, 330/329 (Aeschin. 3.242). 



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172 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

Kv?lw:S" (PA 8924). Addresses the ecclesia concerning klerouchs to Samos, 365-362 
(Arist. Rh. 1384b32). 

AaX'T/S" Aax'T/TOS" (?) A~wvevS" (?) (PA 9018). Strategos, 364/3 (Diod. 15.79.1). 
AeovTtXoS" (PA 9036). Strategos, 388/7 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.26). 
Ae1TTiv'T/S" EK KoiA'T/S" (PA 9046, APF). Proposes a nomos on ateleia, 356/5 (Oem. 

20.95, 128, etc.). Addresses the ecclesia concerning an alliance with Sparta, 370/369 
(Arist. Rh. 1411a4-5). Elected syndikos defending his own law, 355/4 (Oem. 20.144, 
146): Leptines is not defendant (20.144), but probablY the fifth syndikos (20.146, cf 
Oem. 24.23 referring to the similar nomothesia). 

AewBatwS" 'EpuuuTTpaTOv (?) 'AxapveVs- (PA 9077, APF). Brings a graphe paranomon 
(no. 7) against ?, 376/5 (Oem. 20.146). Brings two eisangeliai: (I) against Kallistra­
tos (no. 83), 366/5 (Arist. Rh. 1364aI9-21); (2) against Chabrias (no. 84), 366/5 
(Rh. 1364a21-23). Elected syndikos defending Leptines' law, 355/4 (Dem. 20.146). 
Ambassador to Thebes, 370's (Aeschin. 3.139). 

AewKpa1"T/S" (PA 9083). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 121), 331/0 (Lycurg. 1.1, 
Aeschin. 3.252). 

Aewv (PA 9101). Brings an eisangelia (no. 82) against Timagoras, 368/7 (Oem. 19.191, 
Xen. Hell. 7.1.38). Ambassador to the king of Persia, 368/7 (Hell. 7.1.33). 

AewufJev'T/S" KecPaAijfJev (PA 9141, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 88), 362/1 
(Hyp. 3.1-2). Slralegos, 362/1 (Diod. 15.95.2). 

AewufJiv'Y}S" AewufJevoVS" KecPaAijfJev CPA 9142+9144, APF). Stralegos, 324/3 (Rein­
muth no. 15b.4-6); 32312 (Plut. Phoc. 23, Paus. 1.25.5). 

AVKa~fJoS" (PA 9189). Ambassador to Sparta, 372/1 (Xen. Hell. 6.3.2). 
AVKLVOS" (PA 9198). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 17) against Philokrates, 348/7 

(Aeschin. 2.14, 3.62). 
AVKoAewv (PA 9226). Synegoros for Chabrias in an eisangelia (no. 84), 366/5 (Arist. 

Rh. 1411 b6-7). 
AVKOVP'YOS" AVKOq,pO VOS" BovTa?l'T/S" (P A 9251 + 9247, A PF). Proposes eleven decrees of 

the people: (1) honours for?, 336/5 (IG IJ2 328.8-9); (2) the despatch of a squad­
ron against pirates, 335/4 (JG IJ2 1623.281-82); (3) honours for Diotimos, 334/3 
(lG 112 414a [SEG XXI 2761, Plut. Mor. 844A); (4) permitting the Kitians to erect a 
temple, 33312 (JG 112 337.31-32); (5) honours for a Plataean, 332/1 (JG 112 345. 
9-10); (6) honours for Neoptolemos, 338-330 (Oem. 18.114, Plut. Mor. 843F); (7) 
honours for Eudemos, 330/329 (JG 1I2 351.10-11); (8) payment to hieropoioi, 329/8 
(?) (lG If2 1672.303); (9) honours for an epimeleles, 328/7 (JG 112 452.11 [SEG XXI 
284]); (0) payment concerning the Eleusinion, 327/6 or earlier (IG IJ2 1673.65); 
(11) honours for Sopatros, before 324 (Hesperia 43 [1974] 322-24 no. 3). Proposes 
in the boule a decree concerning a sacrifice, 329/8 (?) (IG 112 1672.302). Proposes 
six nomoi: 0) concerning various offerings, 335/4 (lG 112 333.14); (2) concerning 
comic actors; (3) concerning statues and authorized texts of Aischylos, Sophokles, 
and Euripides; (4) prohibition against buying freeborn captives for slaves; (5) con­
cerning a festival of Poseidon; (6) concerning women's transport to Eleusis by car­
riage, all before 324 (Plut. Mor. 841 F-842A). Brings four eisangeliai: 0) against 
Lysikles (no. 112), 338/7 (Lycurg. fr.xii Con,); (2) against Autolykos (no. 113), 
338/7 (fLiii); (3) against Leokrates {no. 120, 331/0 (Lycurg. l.l, 5, etc.); (4) 
against Menesaichmos (no. 126), before 325/4 (fLxiv). Brings an endeixis (no. 32) 
against Aristogeiton, 325/4 (Oem. 25.1. 14; Din. 2.13). Addresses the ecclesia (I) 
opposing the extradition of ten leading Athenians, 335/4 (Plut. Phoc. 9.10); (2) 
opposing the deification of Alexander, 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 842D). Synegoros (I) for 
Ariston in an eisangelia (no. 119), ca 333 (Lycurg. frLx-xi Con,); (2) for Polyeuktos 
of Kydantidai in an eisangelia (no. 124), 330-324 (Hyp. 3.l2); (3) for Polyeuktos of 
Sphettos in a graphe paranomon (nos. 31, 36 [?]), 336/5 (Lycurg. fr.ix Con,). Defen­
dant in an eUlhynai, before 324 (Din. fr.viii Con,). Ambassador to the Peloponnese, 
343/2 (Oem. 9.72 [om. SFYO); Plut. Mor. 841E). <> E7T;' rfi BW~"'UH, 330's and 
320's (Hyp. fL139). 

AVKOCPPWV (PA 9255). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 119), ca 333 (Hyp. 2.3, 20). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 173 

Avcri8w<; (PA 9399). Brings a dokimasia rhetoron against Theomnestos, 394-384 (Lys. 
10.1); I follow Gernet/Bizos in emending Eim1YYEA.A.E to E~YYEA.A.E, (f JHS 100 
(I980) 89. 

AVU"tKA.71<; (PA 9422). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 112), 33817 (Lycurg. fr.xii Con.). 
Straregos, 33817 (Diod. 16.88.1). 

AVU"tKPcfTT/<; Oivaw<; (PA 9465). Ambassador to Thrace, 356/5 (Ie IF 127.36). 
AvcrLcrTpaTO<; (PA 9598). Strategos, 366/5 (?) (Xen. Veet. 3.7). 
MalJTLa<; MavTLOeov @OPLKW<; (PA 9667, APF). Strategos, 360/359 (Diod. 16.2.6). 
MavTi8Eo<; (PA 9674, (f APF 364). Addresses the ecclesia, ea 400 (Lys. 16.20). 
MHBia<; K T/cPrnoBWpov 'Avayvpacrw<; (PA 9719, A PF). Proposes some nomoi concern-

ing the cavalry, 349/8 (Oem. 21.173; Goodwin ad lac. suggests that Meidias, as a 
hipparch, procured the enactment of laws he did not personally propose). Addresses 
the ecclesia (I) accusing the retiring boule, 356/5 (Oem. 22.10); accusing the hippeis, 
349/8 (Oem. 21.197)~ (3) on numerous other occasions (Oem. 21.153, 202). Ad­
dresses the boule suggesting the arrest of Aristarchos, 34817 (Oem. 21.116). Pyla­
goros, 340/339 (Aeschin. 3.115). 

MHBia<; MHBiov 'Avayvpacrw<; (PA 9720, APF). Proposes in the eeclesia an honorary 
decree for Phokion, before 322 (Hyp. fr.150). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 
39), before 322 (Hyp. fr.150). 

MEA.aVTT/<; IloTaJ.tw<; (PA 9779+9780). Brings a public action against Demosthenes, 
33817 (Oem. 18.249). Melantes is mentioned as one of Demosthenes' prosecu­
tors in the period after Chaironeia. The type of public action employed was ei­
ther a graphe (paranomon) or an eisangelia or an euthynai, cf Hansen, Eisangelia 
10-11. 

MEA.aVw7To<; AaX'TITo<; AiI;wVEV<; (PA 9788). Proposes a decree of the people appointing 
a keryx, 368-353 (lG 112 145.13). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 13) against Eukte­
mon, 354/3 (Oem. 24.13-14). Addresses the ecclesia frequently (Plut. Dem. 13.3). 
Defendant in euthynai (I) before 361 (Arist. Rh. 1374b25); (2) before 353 (Oem. 
24.127). Ambassador (I) to Sparta, 37211 (Xen. Hell. 6.3.2); (2) to Egypt, before 
354 (Dem. 24.127); (3) to Mausolos, 355/4 (Dem. 24.12). Strategos, 355/4 (lG IF 
150, restored). 

M£A.T/TO<; (PA 9825). S:vnegoros for Kephisios in an endeixis (no. 10)' 400/399 (Andoc. 
1.94) . 

MEVEA.ao<; MEVEA.OXOV MVPPLVOVU"tO<; (PA 9963, APF). Ambassador to the king of 
Persia, 341/0 (?) (Lycurg 1.24). 

MEVE~EVO<; (PA 9972). Proposes two decrees of the people: (I) amendment to honours 
for Straton of Sidon, 364/3 (?) (lG 1)2 141.29); (2) repayment to Athens of a debt 
of 3 talents, before 363/2 (Ie IF 111.8-9). 

MEVEcratXJ.tO<; (PA 9983). Elected prosecutor in the apophasis in consequence of the 
Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 846c). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 126), 325/4 
(Lycurg. fr.xiv Con.). <> E7TL rfi BWLK-T,crH, before 324 (Dion. Hal. Din. 660, (/ 
Sauppe 343). 

MEVEcr8EV<; 'IcPLKpaTov<; ·PuJ.tvovU"to<; (PA 9988, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 
102), 356/5 (Isoc. 15.129, Dion. Hal. Dill. 668). Srraregos, 356/5 (Dion. Hal. Dill. 
668, Nep. Timorh. 3.2); 333/2 (?) (Oem. 17.20). 

MEViTT/<; MEVWVO<; KvBa8T/vaLEv<; (PA 10055). Proposes a decree of the people appoint­
ing a hieropoios, 360's (D. Peppa-Delmouzou, ArehEph 1971, 137-45, doubting the 
identification) . 

MEVWV IloTcfJ.tw<; (PA 10085). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 95), 361/0 (Oem. 36. 
53). Srraregos, 36211 (Oem. 50.12); 357/6 (Ie IJ2 124.20. 

MOtPOKA.71<; Ev8vB-T,J.tov 'EA.EVfTivto<; (?) (PA 10400+10401). Proposes a decree of the 
people concerning offences against emporoi, before 342 (Oem. 58.53, 56). Addresses 
the assembly although formally imprisoned, before 324 (Oem. Ep. 3.16; (f Hesperia 
8 [1939] 180). 

MOA.OTTO<; EvvoJ.tOv 'AfjJtl)vaLo<; (PA 10403+ 10406). Strategos, 349/8 (Plut. Phoc. 14.2, 
Paus. 1.36.4). 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

174 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

MOVL71'7Ti8T)~ (PA 10414). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for Kleonymides, 
403/2 (IG IJ2 7.3-4). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for the sons of Ape­
mantos, 403/2 (IG IJ2 6.7). 

NavatKAl1~ KAEapxov '0110EV (PA 10552, APF). Proposes a decree of the people con­
cerning naval equipment, 334/3 (IG If2 1623.313); responsible proposer of several of 
Demosthenes' decrees, 338/7 (Aeschin. 3.159). Proposes in the ecclesia the election 
of Aischines as envoy to Philip, 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.18). Synegoros for Aischines in an 
eUfhynai, 34312 (Aeschin. 2.184). Ambassador to Philip three (?) times, 347/6 0: 
Oem. 19 hypoth. 2.4; 2 [?]: Oem. 19.163-65; 3 [?]: Oem. 19.121). Strategos, 353/2 
(Diod. 16.37.3); before 334/3 (IG 112 1623.329-30). 

NE01TTOAE#-W~ I:.KVPW~ (PA 10647). Addresses the ecclesia in support of peace with 
Philip, 347/6 (Oem. 19.12,315). 

NLK7/paTO~ NLKiov KVOOVTi8T)~ (PA 10742, APr). Tamias sfratiotikon, 345/4 or 344/3 
(IG 112 1443.13). 

NLKOM£lXO~ (PA 10934). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 140), 399/8 (Lys. 30). 
NLKO,.uVT)~ (PA 10968). Proposes in the ecclesia (?) a decree (nomos?) about citizen­

ship, 403/2 (?) (schol. Aeschin. 1.39; cf GRBS 20 [1979] 38). 
NLKouTpaTo~ 0opaLEv~ (PA 11029). Ambasssador to Olynthos, 376/5 (IG IJ2 36.4). 
NLKOqx;JV (not in PA). Proposes a nomos on silver coinage, 375/4 (Hesperia 43 [1974] 

157-88). 
NOOL71'7TO~ Avuwv J1WILELEV~ (PA 11131). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree 

for Rheboulas, 331/0 (IG 112 349.9-10). 
2EVOOOKO~ 'AxapvEv~ (PA 11192). Ambassador to Byzantion, 378/7 (IG 112 41.l9). 
2EVOKAEi8T)~ (PA 11197). Addresses the ecclesia opposing Kallistratos, 370/369 (Oem. 

59.26-27). 
2EvoKAl1~ 2ELvioo~ I:.c/YT!TTW~ (PA 11234, APF). <> bTl, rfi 8WLK7/UEL, ca 330 (?) (Hes­

peria 29 [1960] 2-4 no. 3). 
'OpOo{30vAo~ ~K KEpa~wv (PA 11489). Ambassador to Byzantion, 378/7 (IG IJ2 41. 

17). 
na~Ao~ EV<!xA7/TOV KT)cf>LULE~ (PA 11531, APr). Proposes in the ecclesia an amend­

ment to an honorary decree for Euphron, 32312 (IG 112 448.31). 
na~o~ 'AXEpoovuw<; (PA 11540). Brings an eisangelia (no. 143) against Timarchos, 

361/0 (Aeschin. 1.l 09-12). 
na~Ao~ KELpw8T)~ (PA 11545, APr). Defendant in an euthynai (?), 389/8 (?) (Ar. 

Plut. 174-75 with schol.; Plat Com. fr.14 K.; Oem. 40.20, 22). Strategos, 390/389, 
389/8 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.2). 

nav8w~ I.wKAEO~ ~{ Owv (?) (PA 11575). Proposes two decrees of the people: (1) 
honours for Dionysios, 369/8 (IG IJ2 103.6); (2) alliance with Dionysios, 368/7 (IG 
IJ2 105.6). 

namLKo~ 'EAEVUivw~ (PA 11676-79, APr). Addresses the ecclesia although formally 
imprisoned, before 324 (Oem. Ep. 3.16). 

nEpiav8po~ nOAvapaTov XOAap'YE~ (PA 11800, APF). Proposes in the ecclesia an al­
liance with Peloponnesian poleis, 36211 (IG If2 112.5-6). Proposes a nomos on naval 
symmories, 358/7 (Oem. 47.20. 

nL<TTia~ (PA 11823). Prosecutor in an apophasis against the speaker of Deinarchos I 
(?), 336-324 (Din. 1.48-53). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 117),336-324 (Din. 
1.48-53, fr.xv Con.). 

nOAia'YpO~ (PA 11893). Proposes a decree of the people concerning Klazomenai, 387/6 
(IG IJ2 28.3). 

nOAVEVKTO~ KaAALKpaTov<; 'EUTLaWOEV (PA 11943). Proposes in the boule a decree 
concerning a naval debt, 32413 (IG IJ2 1631.350-51). 

nOAVEVKTO<; T'#-WKpaTov<; KPLWEV<; (PA 11946, APr). Proposes in the ecclesia an amend­
ment to the honorary decree for the Bosporan princes, 347/6 (IG 112212.65-66). 

nOAVEVKTO~ KVOOVTi8T)<; (PA 11947+11928+11927 [?]). Proposes two decrees of the 
people: (1) concerning some triremes, 326/5 (IG If2 1628.38-39); (2) concerning 
Oropos, 330-324 (Hyp. 3.15-17). Brings an eisangelia (no. 124) against Euxenippos, 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 175 

330-324 (Hyp. 3.41, cf 12). Defendant in 0) a graphe paranomon (no. 35), 330-324 
(Hyp. 3.15-18); (2) an endeixis (no. 31), 326/5 (Din. fr.ii Con.); (3) an apophasis, 
324/3 (Din. 1.58-59). Synedros in the Korinthian synedrion, before 324 (Hyp. 3.20, 
cf G. T. Griffith, History of Macedonia II [Oxford 1979] 638 n. 1). 

IIoA.VEVKTO~ (PA 11947 [?]). Strategos 360-322 (Hyp. fr.xlv.182-84). According to PA 
the reference is to Polyeuktos of Kydantidai. 

IIoA.vEVKTO~ LWUTPUTOV Lqn,TTI,O~ (PA 11925 + 11934 + 11950). Proposes four decrees 
of the people: (1) concerning Neapolis, 356/5 (IG IJ2 128.8); (2) honours for ?, 
332/1 (IG IJ2 344.11-12); (3) honours for Theophantos, 33211 (IG IF 368.8, cf 
Walbank in ZPE 48 [1982] 266-but 9 [?] spaces for the demotic); (4) honours for 
Dionysios, 324/3 (IG IJ2 363.7-8 [SEG XII 89}). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 31) 
against Kephisodotos, 336/5 (Polyeuktos frr.l- 2 Sauppe). Defendant in an apophasis 
in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Din. 1.l00). Ambassador (I) to the 
Peloponnese, 343/2 (Oem. 9.72, Plut. Mor. 841E); (2) to Arkadia, 32312 (Plut. Mor. 
846c-D). 

IIoA.vKpaT7j~ IIoA.vEVKTov <l>T/'YmE~ (PA 12027). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary 
decree for Orontes, 349/8 (IG IJ2 207a.2). 

IIoA.v~EVO~ (not in PA). Syndikos in the Delian affair (?), 343 (?) (Sauppe 344 no. 
Ixxi) . 

IIoA.vxap~~ (PA 12105). Addresses the ecc/esia regularly, 4th c. (?) (Plut. Mor. 
726s). 

IIpoKA.Ei8T/~ IIavTaA.EovTO~ EK KEpaJ-LfWV (PA 12200). Proposes in the ecc/esia an hon­
orary decree for Androkles, 32817 (IG 112 354.8-9). 

IIpoKA.l1~ (PA 12208). Elected prosecutor in the apophasis in consequence of the Har­
palos affair, 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 846c). 

IIp6~Evo~ 'Ap~8iov 'Aljx8vaw~ (PA 12270, APF). Defendant in an apophasis, 346-343 
(Oem. 19.280 and schol., Din. 1.63). Strategos, 349/8 (IG IJ2 207d.23); 347/6 (Aes­
chin. 2.133); 339/8 (Polyaen. 4.2.8). 

IIv8Ea~ (PA 12342). Elected prosecutor in the apophasis in consequence of the Harpa­
los affair, 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 846c, Oem. Ep. 3.29, Pytheas fr.iii). Addresses the ec­
c/esia opposing the deification of Alexander, 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 804B). Defendant in 
an eisangelia (no. 116), 336-324 (Din. fr.vi Con,). 

IIv80KA.11~ IIv808Wpov EK K,.j&w (PA 12444, APF). Addresses the ecc/esia opposing 
Demosthenes, 33817 (Oem. 18.285). 

IIvppav8po~ 'Ava¢A.v(Tno~ (PA 12496). Proposes in the ecc/esia an alliance with the 
Chalkidians, 37817 (IG 112 44.7). Addresses the ecc/esia commenting on a report 
made by the Areopagos, 347/6 (Aeschin. l.84). Ambassador (1) to Byzantion, 378/7 
(IG IJ2 41.20); (2) to Thebes, 37817 (IG IJ2 43.76, Aeschin. 3.139). 

'Pivwv XapLKA.EO~ IImavLEv~ (PA 12532, APF). Strategos, 403/2 (Arist. Ath.Pol. 38.4). 
LUTVPO~ (PA 12575). Proposes in the ecc/esia an honorary decree for Menelaos, 36312 

(IG IJ2 110.6, 20). 
LKiTWV (not in PA). Proposes a decree of the people, before 347 (Oem. 21.182). De­

fendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 19), before 347 (Oem. 21.182). 
L,.uKPO~ (not in PA). Proposes a decree of the people, before 347 (Oem. 2l.l82). 

Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 20), before 347 (Oem. 21.182). 
L1TOV8ia~ (PA 12861). Strategos, 368/7 (IG IJ2 104.3). 
LTEt:PaVO~ (PA 12879). Proposes a decree of the people concerning a water-pipe, after 

336 (Din. fr.xviii Con,). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 33), after 336 (Din,). 
LTEt:PaVO<; (not in PA). Proposes in the ecc/esia an alliance with Thebes, 378/7 (IG IJ2 

40.4 [Staatsvertr. II 255]). 
LTEt:PaVO<; 'Avn8wpi8ov 'EPOLU8T/<; (PA 12887). Proposes in the ecc/esia an alliance with 

Mytilene, 347/6 (IG IF 213.5). Regularly moves decrees on behalf of others (Oem. 
59.43). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 18) against Apollodoros, 349/8 (Oem. 59.5). 
Ambassador to Philip, 347/6 (third embassy) (Aeschin. 2.140). 

LTpaTOKA.l1<; AaKtU8T/~ (?) (PA 12931 + 12941). Strategos, 339/8 (Aeschin. 3.143); 338/ 
7 (Polyaen. 4.2.2). For the demotic cf Hesperia 33 [1964] 55-58 no. 16. 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

176 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

r.'Tpa'TOKhTi~ Ev8v8",~v aWI-LE~V<; (PA 12938, APE). Elected prosecutor in the apopha­
sis in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Din. 1. 1). 

r.W(TUChTi~ (PA 13232). Brings a public action against Demosthenes, 338/7 (Oem. 18. 
249, c1 supra MEA&:II'T"1~). 

r.Ox/xA.o~ (PA 13414). Proposes two decrees of the people: (1) honours for Phil---, 
394/3 (JG 112 19.4-5)~ (2) honours for Euagoras, 394/3 (JG 112 20 [Hesperia 48 
(1979) 180-93]). 

r.Ox/xA.o~ 'ApLU'TO'TEhO~ <l>vA&:(TW~ (PA 13422). Strategos, 333/2 (Hesperia 9 [1940] no. 
8.ii.l 1). 

TavpEa~ (PA 13430). Addresses the ecc/esia although formally imprisoned, before 324 
(Oem., Ep. 3.16). = TavpEa~ nV80KhEO~ nL8EV<;? (Agora XV 62.220). 

TELUaI-LEVO~ M'7/xavtWvo~ (PA 13443). Proposes a decree of the people regulating the 
codification of the laws, 403/2 (Andoc. 1.83-84). 

TEhE(T"'YOpO~ KoUv'TEV<; (?) (PA 13512). Ambassador to the king of Persia, 397/6 
(Hell.Oxy. 7.1). 

T'7/hEJ.LaXO~ 8eaYYEhov 'AXaPVEV<; (PA 13562). Proposes three decrees of the people: 
(1) unknown content, 339/8 (Hesperia 7 [1938] 291-92 no. 18); (2-3) honours for 
Herakleides, 330-328 (JG If2 360.28, 46). 

TLJ.LayOpa~ (PA 13595). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 82), 36817 (Xen. Hell. 7.1.38, 
Oem. 19.191). Ambassador to the king of Persia, 368/7 (Xen. Hell. 7.1.33). 

TiJ.Lapxo~ 'Apu;,,,,hOV r.4rfJ'T'TW~ (PA 13636). Proposes two decrees of the people: (1) 
concerning export of weapons to Philip, 347/6 (Oem. 19.286-87); (2) concerning 
public works on the Pnyx (Aeschin. 1.81). Proposes more than one hundred decrees 
(Aeschin. 1 hypoth., Suda s.v.). Brings a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai, 346/5 
(Aeschin. 1.34). Addresses the boule frequently, 347/6 (Aeschin. 1.80). Defendant 
in (1) an eisangefia (no. 143),361/0 (Aechines 1.109-l2)~ (2) a dokimasia rhetoron, 
346/5 (Aeschin. 1.2, 81). Ambassador on several occasions to unknown destinations, 
before 346/5 (Aeschin. 1.120). 

TL~8EO~ Kovwvo~ 'AVa¢hV(T'TLO~ (PA 13700, APE). Addresses the ecc/esia in support 
of a campaign to Euboia, 357/6 (Oem. 8.74-75). Defendant in three eisangeliai: (1) 
373/2 (no. 80: Oem. 49.9-10); (2) ca 360 (no. 93: Oem. 36.53); (3) 356/5 (no. 101: 
(soc. 15.129, Din. 1.14-16). Strategos, 378/7 (Diod. 15.29.7); 376/5 (Xen. Hell. 
5.4.63); 375/4 (Hell. 5.4.66); 374/3 (Hell. 6.2.11, Oem. 49.6); 373/2 (Oem. 49.9, 
22), deposed; 367/6 (Oem. 15.9); 366/5 (JG 112 108.10); 365/4 (Isoc. l5.112-13)~ 
364/3 (Oem. 23.149, schol. Aeschin. 2.31); 363/2 (JG 112 110.6); 360/359 (schol. 
Aeschin. 2.31); 356/5 (Diod. 16.2l.l, Dion. Hal. Lys. 480). 

TL~KP(h'7/~ 'Av'TL¢wv'TO~ KPLWEV<; (PA 13772, APF). Proposes two nomoi: (1) amend­
ment to the eisangeltic law, before 353 (Oem. 24.63); (2) concerning debtors to the 
state, 353/2 (Oem. 24.39-40, 71). Defendant in a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai, 
353/2 (Oem. 24.17, 33). 

TL~J.LaXO~ 'AXaPVEV<; (PA 13797, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 91), 361/0 
(Hyp. 3.1-2). Strategos, 367/6 (Xen. Hell. 7.1.40; 361/0 (Oem. 50.14). 

TL~vo8o~ (PA 13799). Ambassador to Lesbos, 36817 (JG 112 107.32). 
TL/-LWVt8'7/~ (PA 13855). Proposes in the ecc/esia a decree of unknown content, 353/2 

(JG IJ2 139.6). 
'Y7TEPEt8'7/~ rhaVKt7T7TOV KOhhV'TEV<; (PA 13912, APE). Proposes two decrees of the 

people: (1) enfranchising atimoi, metics, and slaves, 33817 (Oem. 26.11; Lycurg. 
1.36-37, 41; Hyp. fr.32-33) (2) honours for Demosthenes, 338/7 (Oem. 18.223). 
Brings four graphai paranomon against (1) Aristophon (no. 10), 363/2 (schol. Aes­
chin. 1.64); (2) Demades of Paiania (no. 28), 338-336 (Hyp. fr.xiii, P.Oxy. 3360); 
(3) ? (no. 34), after ca 335 (Hyp. fr.xxii); (4) Meidias (no. 39), before 322 (Hyp. fro 
xxxiii). Brings three eisangeliai against: (1) Aristophon (no. 97), 361-343 (Hyp. 
3.28)~ (2) Diopeithes of Sphettos (no. 98), 361-343 (Hyp. 3.29); (3) Philokrates 
(no. 109), 344/3 (Hyp. 3.29, Oem. 19.116). Addresses the ecc/esia (Plut. Mor. 848E; 
Hyp. frr.l72, 190, 194, 195-96; P. Oxy. 3360). Synegoros for: (1) Apollodoros in an 
eisangefia (no. 90), 361/0 (Hyp. fr.x); (2) ? in a graphe paranomon (no. 32), 336/5 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 177 

(Hyp. 4); (3) Chairephilos in an apophasis, after ca 345 (Hyp. fr.lix, P.Oxy. 2686); 
(4) Euxenippos in an eisangelia (no. 124), 330-324 (Hyp. 3.41). Syndikos in the 
Delian affair, 343 (?) (Hyp. fr.xii, Oem. 18.134). Elected prosecutor in the apophasis 
in consequence of the Harpalos affair, 324/3 (Hyp. 1). Defendant in two graphai 
paranomon, (1) 338/7 (no. 26: Hyp. fr.xviii); (2) 338/7 (no.27: Hyp. fr.vi, Aristogei­
ton fr.iii). Ambassador to (1) Thasos, 361/0 (?) (Hyp. fr.xxiii); (2) Rhodes, 34211 
(Hyp. fr.xlviij); (3) Kythnos (?), 338/7 (Hyp. fr.xxviii); (4) Elis, 33211 (Hyp. fr.xxv, 
P.Oxy. 3360): (5) the Peloponnese, 32312 (Just. 13.5. IOL 

<J>a'iBpo" KaAAiov I:..c/>r,TTW" (PA 13964, APF). Srraregos, 347/6 (fG 1I 2 213.8); 334/3 
or earlier (fG 112 1623.240); 323/2 (Strab. 10.1.6). 

$atlJL1T7TO" 'A'1]lJLEV" (PA 13980). Ambassador to Olynthos, 376/5 (IG 112 36.5). 
$avw" (PA 14009). Straregos, 388/7 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.26). 
$avw" (PA 14010). Proposes in the ecclesia a decree of unknown content, 400-380 

(Lys. fr.143). Defendant in a graphe paranomon (no. 6),400-380 (Lys. fr.143). 
$avoB1],uo" dLVAAOV ev~mtB1]" (PA 14033). Proposes a decree of the people honour­

ing Amphiaraos, 33211 (IG VII 4252.9-10). Proposes in the boule an honorary 
decree for the retiring boule, 34312 (IG IJ2 223B. 1). Proposes a nomos on the Am­
phiaraion, before 33211 (Syll.3 287.10). Honoured as the best rheror in the boule, 
34312 (IG 1)2 223A.6). 

$aVO(TTpaTO" (PA 14097). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 29) against Aristogeiton, 
335-330 (Dem. 25 hypoth. 2). 

$nBwB1]" (PA 14145). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 114), 336-324 (Din. fr.xxiv 
Con.). 

$EpEKAEiB1]" $EpEKAEO~ TIEpdJoio1]" (PA 14187). Strategos, 324/3 (Reinmuth no. 
15b.4-6, IG IF 2968). 

$tAaypo" (PA 14203). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for ?, 40312 (IG 112 
2.8-9). 

$LAEa" 'AvnYEvov TIawviB1]" (PA 14232+ 14242). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary 
decree for an actor, 331/0 (lG 112 348.6). 

$LAEljJW" AafJ,1TTpEtJ., (PA 14256). Addresses the ecclesia regularly, 390-380 (?) (Bai­
ter/Sauppe 244, cf Oem. 24.134). 

$LA1],uoVt01]" (not in PA). Strategos, ca 330 (Hesperia Supp\. 8 [1949] 274). 
$LALVO" (PA 14304). Addresses the nomothetai or the dicastai, opposing or supporting 

Lykourgos' nomos on bronze statues of the tragic poets, before 324 (Philinos fr.3). 
$rAL1T7Tt01]" (PA 14351). Proposes three decrees of the people: (I - 2) unknown con­

tent, before 336 (Hyp. 4.11); (3) honours for the board of proedroi, 336/5 (Hyp. 
4.4-6). Defendant in three graphai paranomon: (1-2) before 336 (Hyp. 4.11); (3) 
336/5 (no.32: Hyp. 4). 

$tAL1T7TO" (PA 14373). Proposes in the ecclesia a decree concerning klerouchs to Potei­
daia, 36211 (IG IJ2 114.4). 

$tAL1T7TO" (PA 14374). Addresses the boule frequently, 356/5 (Oem. 22.38). Synegoros 
for Androtion in a graphe paranomon (no. 12), 355/4 (Oem. 22.38). 

$tAL1T7TO" $LAt1T7TOV (not in PA). Proposes a nomos of unknown content, before 353 
(Oem. 24.138). Defendant in a graphe nomon me epitedeion theinai, before 353 (Oem. 
24.138). 

$LAOO1],uo" AVTOKAEOV" 'Epowo1]" (PA 14488, APF). Proposes in the ecclesia an 
amendment to an honorary decree for Aratos, 3401339 (IG 112 232.18-19). 

$LAoKAij" $Op~VO" 'Epowo1]" (PA 14521 + 14541, APF). Proposes a decree of the 
people concerning Harpalos (Din. 3.2, 5). Defendant in an apophasis in consequence 
of the Harpalos affair, 32413 (Din. 3, Oem. Ep. 3.31). Strategos more than ten times 
before 324 (Din. 3.12); 325/4 (Din. 3.1). 

$LAoKpaT1]" 'Ec/>WATOV (PA 14586). Srraregos, 390/389 (Xen. Hell. 4.8.24). 
$LAoKpaT1]" TIv(}oowpov 'Ayvovaw" (PA 14599+ 14576). Proposes nine decrees of the 

people: (1) honours for ?, before 353/2 (IG If2 182.5); (2) amendment to honours 
for Apollodoros and ?, before 353/2 (IG IJ2 182.6); (3) concerning the hiera orgas, 
35211 (Androt. F30, Philoch. F 155, IG IF 204.54-55); (4) concerning envoys from 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

178 RHETORES AND STRA TEGOI 

Philip, 34817 (Aeschin. 2.13); (5) election of ten ambassadors to Philip, 347/6 (Aes­
chin. 2.18); (6) peace and alliance with Philip, 347/6 (Oem. 18.21, Aeschin. 3.54); 
(7) concerning the oath on the peace, 347/6 (Aeschin. 3.74); (8) honours for Philip 
and appointment of ambassadors, 347/6 (Oem. 19.47-48); (9) concerning Philip, 
346-343 (Oem. 18.75). Defendant in (1) a graphe paranomon (no. 17), 34817 (Aes­
chin. 2.13-14); (2) an eisangelia (no. 109), 344/3 (Hyp. 3.29-30). Ambassador to 
Philip three times, 347/6 {1: Aeschin. 2.18, 47; 2: Oem. 19.189; 3: Oem. 19.120. 
For the patronymic (f Hesperia 5 (1936) 393-413 no. 10.46, 111. 

<l>LA.oKpaTTJ~ 'E1TLKpaTOV 'EA.EV(Tivw~ (PA 14609). Brings a public action against Demos­
thenes, 33817 (Oem. 18.249, cf supra M~A.aVTTJ~). Synegoros for Aristogeiton in an 
endeixis (no. 32), 325/4 (Oem. 25.44). 

<l>LA.O(TTpaTO~ i1wvv(Tiov KoA.wvi/f}€V (PA 14734, APF). Synegoros for Leodamas in an 
eisangelia (no. 84), 366/5 (Oem. 21.64). 

<l>LA.oxapTJ~ 'ATP0/..I:.qTOV KO(JWKLSTJ~ (PA 14775, APF). Synegoros for Aischines in an 
eUlhynai, 343/2 (Aeschin. 2.179, Oem. 19.237). Srraregos, 345/4, 344/3, 343/2 (Aes­
chin. 2.149). 

<l>LA.oxaPTJ~ 'PaJLvov(TLo~ (PA 14779). Slrategos, 357/6 (IG 112 124.20. 
<l>iAwv (PA 14805). Strategos, 329/8 (IG 1)2 1672.271-72; cf Sylf.2 587 n.180). 
<l>iA.wv KaA.A.i1T'7Tov (?) Ai1;wv~v~ (?) (PA 14825, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 

89), ca 360 (?) (Hyp. 3.1-2). Srrategos (?), co 360 (?) (Hyp. 3.1-2; cf Hansen, 
Eisangelia no. 87 n.4). 

<l>iA.wv £K KoiA.TJ~ (PA 14847). Defendant in an endeixis (no. 8), 403/2 (Isoc. 18.22). 
Elected ambassador, 403/2 (lsoc.). 

<l>LAwTaSTJ~ <l>LAO(TTpaTOV naAATJV~V~ (PA 14927). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary 
decree for Apollonides, 354/3 (IG 112 136.10-1 I). 

<l>o{ia~ (PA 14942). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary decree for Pythodoros, 369/8 
(!.Df>los 1 88.5). 

<l>op~w~ (PA 14945). Proposes a decree of the people restricting citizen rights to 
owners of landed property, 403/2 (Dion. Hal. Lys. 526). Ambassador to the king of 
Persia, 394-392 (?) (Plato Com. fr.119 K.). 

<l>opJLiwv (PA 14950). Sfrafegos, 36817 (IG 112 104.2). 
<l>opJLiwv (PA 14952). Synegoros for Apsephion in a graphe nomon me epifedeion fheinai, 

355/4 (Oem. 20.51, 100, 159, hypoth. 2.3). 
<l>pa(TJLWv (PA 14988). Proposes in the ecclesia an amendment .to an honorary decree 

for Demon and Archonides, 385/4 (IG 1)2 32.19; cf Rhodes, Athenian Boule 84). 
<l>pvvwv 'PaJLvov(Tw~ (PA 15032). Proposes a decree of the people concerning envoys 

to Philip, 34817 (Aeschin. 2.12). Ambassador to Philip, (1) 34817 (Aeschin. 2.12); 
(2) three (?) times in 347/6 (1: Oem. 19 hypoth. 2.4; 2: Oem. 19.189, 197; 3 [?]: 
Oem. 19.121). 

<l>VA~~ nav(Tavwv Oivaw~ (PA 15045). Proposes in the boule an honorary decree for 
Herakleides, 325/4 (IG 112 360.66). 

<l>vPKtVO~ (PA 15051). Addresses the ecclesia in support of Lykourgos, 331/0 (Lycurg. 
1.19). 

<l>wKLwv <l>WKOV nOTaJLW~ (?) (PA 15076, APF). Addresses the ecc/esia regularly (Plu!. 
Phoc. 7.5-6). Synegoros for Aischines in an eUlhynai, 34312 (Aeschin. 2.184). Am­
bassador (1) to Philip, 33817 (Nep. Phoc. 1.3, Plu!. Phoc. 17.6); (2) to Alexander, 
335/4 (Plut. 17.6); (3) to Antipater, 322/1 (Diod. 18.18.2). Strafegos forty-five times 
(Plut. 8.2); 349/8 (IG 1)2 207C.12, 14; Oem. 21.164); 344/3 (Plut. 15.1); 343/2 
(Aeschin. 2.184); 342/1 (?) (Polyaen. 5.2]); 341/0 (Philoch. F160, Diod. 16.74.]); 
340/339 (lG 112 1628.437, 1629.958); 33817 (Plut. 16.4); 335/4 (Plu!. 17.1); 323/2 
(Plu!. 25. I). For the demotic (f Agora XV 42.206. 

<l>WKO~ (PA 15082). Proposes in the boule a decree concerning the Apatouria, 366/5 or 
32312 (Ath. 171 E). 

Xaf3pia~ KTTJ(Ti1T'7TOV Ai1;wv~v~ (PA 15086, APF). Defendant in an eisangelia (no. 84), 
366/5 (Oem. 21.64). Sfrategos, 390/389 (IG 1)2 21.2, Diod. 14.92.2); 389/8 (schol. 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

MOGENS HERMAN HANSEN 179 

Aristid. Panath. 172.3-4); 388/7 (Xen. Hell. 5.1.10); 387/6 (Nep. Chabr. 2.2); 379/8 
(Hell. 5.4.14); 378/7 (Diod. 15.29.7); 377/6 (Diod. 15.30.5); 376/5 (Hell. 5.4.61); 
373/2 (Hell. 6.2.13); 369/8 (Hell. 7.l.25): 366/5 (?) (schol. Oem. 21.64); 363/2 (Ie 
IF 111.18); 359/8 (Oem. 23.171); 357/6 (IG IJ2 124.20). 

Xmpe8T/J.I.O<; (PA 15112). Proposes a decree of the people concerning the collection of 
naval equipment, 357/6 (Oem. 47.20). 

XmpEcPLAo<; <l>eL&vvo<; (?) TIauuJLev<; (PA 15187, APF). Defendant in an apophasis, ca 
330-322 (Hyp. fr.lix, P. Oxy. 2686). 

XmpT/l-WviBT/<; (not in PA). Proposes a nomos on aparchai, before 353 (Ie IF 140.9, 
33). 

XmpuuvLBT/<; Ava-avwv <l>Avev<; (PA 15269). Proposes in the ecclesia an honorary de­
cree for Pytheas, 333/2 (Ie IJ2 338.6-7). 

XapT/<; @eoxapov<; 'AyyeAij8ev (PA 15292, APF). Brings an eisangelia (no. 114) against 
Pheidiades, 336-324 (Din. fr.xxiv Con.). Strategos, 367/6 (Xen. Hell. 7.2.18, Diod. 
15.75.3); 366/5 (Hell. 7.4.5); 36211 (Diod. 15.95.3); 357/6 (IG IF 124.20); 356/5 
(IG IJ2 127.17, Diod. 16.22.1-22.2); 354/3 (Polyaen. 4.2.22); 353/2 (Theopomp. 
F249); 349/8 (Philoch. F49, Ie IJ2 207b.12); 348/7 (schol. Aristid. Panath. 179; 
Philoch. F51, 156); 347/6 (Aeschin. 2.90-92); 343/2 (schol. Oem. 7.15; 58.38); 
34110 (Ie 112 228.11); 340/339 (Plut. Phoc. 14.3-4); 339/8 (Polyaen. 4.2.8); 338/7 
(Diod. 16.85.2, 7); before 324/3 (Plut. Mor. 848E). 

XapL8T/J.I.O<; (PA 15370). Ambassador to Philip, 359/8 (Theopomp. F30). 
XapL8T/1-W<; <l>LAo~EvOV 'Axapvev<; (PA 15380, APF). Slralegos, 351/0 (Dem. 3.5); 349/8 

(Philoch. F50, Ie IJ2 207b.12, 21); 338/7 (Plut. Phoc. 16.4). 
XapLKAeL8T/<; (PA 15396). Proposes a decree of the people, 327/6 or earlier (Ie IF 

1673.9>-
XapLKAij<; (PA 15403). Defendant in an apophasis in consequence of the Harpaios 

affair, 324/3 (Plut. Phoc. 22.4). 
Xapl.vo<; (PA 15437). Brings a graphe paranomon (no. 21) against Thoukydides, before 

342 (Oem. 58.37-38). 

This inventory of 368 politically active Athenian citizens raises a methodo­
logical question: does the catalogue, as it purports, include all known Ath­
enian citizens who volunteered as rhetores or were elected strategoi or treas­
urers? Not quite, and I append a list of citizens who, in the literary sources, 
are called politeuomenoi or symbouloi or are described in another way as 
rhetores, but are never once attested as having performed one of the listed 
political activities: 

'ApWT0I-L.q8T/<; KOAAV7e~ (?) (PA 2014, 2013 Add., (f. APF 65): Oem. 10.70-74. 
fAavKL7MTo<; 'Y1Tepei8ov KOAAVTEV<; (PA 2987, APF): Plut. Mor. 848D. 
Ev8v8LKo<; (PA 5552): Oem. Ep. 3.31, Din. 1.33. 
EVKT.q#UUV AovCTtev<; (PA 5800): Oem. 21.103, 139. 
'HAEW<; (PA 6400): Din. 1.38. 
@pam,{30vAo<; @pmro{30vAov LwpLev<; (PA 7309, APF): Oem. 19.280, 290. 
KaAAL7MTo<; Aal-L1TTpev<; (PA 8074): Oem. 52.28. 
AVKWV @OPLKW<; (PA 9271): PI. Ap. 23E, Diog. Laert. 2.38. 
NE01TTOAel-W<; :AVTLKAEOV<; MeALTEv<; (PA 10652, APF): Oem. 18.114, 2l.215. 
EevoTLJ.I.O<; (PA 11266): Isoc. 18.11. 
<l>LAOVELKO<; (PA 14675): Oem. 19.291. 

This list shows that an inventory based on attested political activities cannot 
be complete, owing to the scattered nature of our attestations. Complete 



HANSEN, MOGENS HERMAN, "Rhetores" and "Strategoi" in Fourth-Century Athens , Greek, 
Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:2 (1983:Summer) p.151 

180 RHETORES AND STRATEGOI 

sources would probably lead to the inclusion of all eleven citizens listed 
above, and of many others as well, but this problem will be reserved for a 
future study of the number of Athenian PT,TOPE() Kat uTparrryo[24 

THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY 
March, 1983 

24 I should like to thank Christian Habicht and Fordyce Mitchel for their helpful comments and 
advice.