id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
hls-13023	Sugiyatmi, Tri Astuti; Handoko, Lukman; Sentosa, Alfrid; Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti; Mulyani, Sri	Examining the onset and cessation patterns of active smoking among college students: an interpretative analysis	2024	6	.pdf	application/pdf	5537	326	59	Introduction Cigarettes and smoking behavior are risk factors for various chronic degenerative non-infectious diseases such as hyperten- sion,1 heart disease, and stroke,2 diabetes mellitus,3 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,4 and various types of cancer.5 These conditions are collectively classified under non-communi- cable diseases (NCDs).6 Cigarettes are recognized as a risk factor for acute disease among second-hand smokers, such as pneumonia in toddlers.7-9 In addition, smoking is also a risk factor for con- tracting COVID-19 with evidence showing elevated rates of hos- pitalization, severity, and This phenomenon suggests a pattern where smoking behavior is perpetuated across generations through emulation within the family environment or the patron-client relationship with the father figure.24 “I was able to become active smoker at first because of my fam- ily environment.	cache/hls-13023.pdf	txt/hls-13023.txt