Volume 22 NEWSLETTER OF THE OPTOMETRIC HISTORICAL SOCIETY //t243 North Lindbergh Boulevard f.t. Louis, Missouri, 63141, USA) April -~·~~XKXWX~Wx••****** 199~ Indiana University ! Number 2 ! JUL2- 1991 ! Election results: ! Library ! ********************* OHS members responded in a record number by returning sixty ballots for the OHS Executive Board election. It was a close vote. The two members of the Board elected by you are Walter Chase and Meredith Morgan. The Board members will now elect the 1991 OHS offic~rs from among themselves and the results will be reported in the next Newsletter. Membership list: Appended to this issue of the Newsletter, you will find an updated membership list. Make sure your friends and acquaintances who have even a passing interest in optometric history are listed. If not, why not tell them about the OHS and ask them to join? A Mayan beauty: Associated with the Mayan civilization at the western edge of the Caribbean during the latter part of the 15th century is the concept of cross-eyedness as a thing of beauty. In his most recent novel entitled "Caribbean" James A. Michener describes one young lady of age 14 who was especially beautiful by Mayan standards in that her mother had carefully trained her to be conspicuously cross-eyed. "When she was four days old I kept a feather dangling before her eyes on a length of grass, and as she stared at it, day after day, her eyes began to cross rather nicely. Then, when she was older, I asked her father to get us a piece of bright shell, and this was hung so that light from the sun reflected into her eyes, and this too helped to train them inward, the way a mother wants them. Finally, when she would walk, I would stand before her and bring my finger from way back here straight to the point of her nose, and in time her eyes locked properly, the way you see them today." cataracts in 1927: Quite apparently written for optometrists is a 1927 brown paper covered pamphlet of 32 pages, 13 x 19.5 em, entitled The "Why" of Blue Lenses In Cataract Cases, by Withers Bagwell, O.D., and published by Rey Publishing Company, South Boston, a small city in southern Virginia. Entries in the Blue Book of Optometrists identify Bagwell with the same town in the 1920s, 30s and 40s, but with no street address. A signature in the copy on loan from James Leeds' book collection indicates its former ownership by A.A. I 22/14 Kilton, a contemporary California optometrist. The lack of any institutional identity of the author and the fact that the copyright is in the author's name suggests the booklet to have been purely an entrepreneurial gesture. The tone of the author's brief preface reinforces the suspicion that the author merely had the urge to look into an unanswered question and to share his findings with his colleagues. The writing style is delightfully rhetorical, hardly befitting a staid journal. Witness a sentence in his opening paragraph, "To paraphrase the Bard of Avon, Some men are born with cataracts, some achieve cataracts and some have cataracts thrust upon them." The text's subdivision headings are BY WAY OF GREETING THE SUBJECT; PRYING OFF THE LID; WHO'S WHO IN CATARACTS; RUNNING OUR QUARRY TO EARTH; SIFTING THE EVIDENCE; FINGER-PRINTING THE VICTIM; A CORNER OF THE LABORATORY; SERVING THE WARRANTY i AND AS THE CURTAIN FALLS. '! Despite the capricious phraseology pervading the text, the presentation of the then available technology, science, and professional literature relating to lenses and cataracts is legitimate and valid. In his preface he observes the generally prevailing advice of the day that "medium blue lenses arrest cataract" but that the supporting information is only vaguely mentioned. Following this he reviews the known facts of cataracts and especially the etiological role of spectral radiation as well as the transmission data for available lenses. From this he draws the conditional conclusion that green rather than blue glass should be favored. He cautiously closes with the comment, "As the field is still so largely unexplored and the whole matter yet in the experimental stage, it would seem a measure of prudence to make few promises regarding assured results. " Nevertheless, "if the protective glasses fail to prevent that [the cataract], the only harm that has been done is the expense to the patient of one pair of colored lenses." cataracts in 1938: Another publication that helps to convey the status of cataracts in the public mind only a half century ago is a small 1938 hard-cover book of about 80 pages authored, copyrighted, and published by an "optometrist and orthoptist" named Neville Schuler under the title "The Prevention and Treatment of Cataract." Declared to be "intended primarily for optometrists," it emphasizes the importance of early detection, a theme reinforced in the foreword by Marvin J. Blaess, an ophthalmic surgeon, as well as by several appended testimonial letters from physicians and surgeons in British Guiana (now Guyana) where the author had practiced optometry for a number of years before his establishment of the Schuler Eye Clinic in Toronto, Canada. According to the author's preface, patients showing early stages of cataract do not consult the optometrist for that reason but rather "for some trivial loss of near vision, or far vision, or just eyestrain and headache." He adds " ... but unwittingly the patient is usually given a refractive correction which happily turns out to be the 22/15 correct procedure for the application of the first and foremost measure in cataract prevention and therapy. " He credits the medical refractionist with even less alertness. The contents include chapters on etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment (optical and surgical), and aphakia. They make very obvious the fact that the optometrist's role then was really quite different from his or her role today because of the kind of care, preventive and corrective, to be provided during the seemingly interminable pre-surgical stages and the optical problems of post-surgical correction of that era. While the booklet is clearly the expression of the author's very personal view of the roles of optometric and medical eye doctors, which may or may not be that of the majority of either practitioner group, it is nevertheless a significantly valid exposition in terms of historical documentation. The present copy was borrowed from the James Leeds collection. cataracts in 1945: One of the ways to evaluate the common emotional reaction to an ordinary word in any given era is to note the exploitation of the word by contemporary promoters of products and services. Remindful of this axiom is a 1945 gray-colored, soft-card covered, 48 page, 13 x 19 em booklet boldly imprinted in red ink "How to Conquer CATARACT" and "Price $1.00 11 on the front cover. Published by HEALTH PUBLICATIONS at a Los Angeles, California, address it is authored by "J.H. Maassen, Dietitian and Hygienist", with credit for assistance given to "Dr. Allen c. Holland, Optometrist, Past President of the California State Ass•n. of Optometrists." (A bias may show through this commentary because Dr. Holland and I held each other's professional views in extremely low regard during a several years period of frequent hostility. H.W H.) Folded and inserted in the booklet, obtained from the collection of OHS member James Leeds, is an undated memo "TO THE OPTOMETRIC PROFESSION" on the publisher 1 s letterhead explaining that the brochure "is written and intended for use by cataractous persons • . . under your observation • • • " Appended is a schedule of price discounts for quantity purchases. On page 10 in a paragraph under the caption "GRAVE OPTOMETRIST PROBLEM" the author describes very accurately the caution that an optometrist would exercise in the choice of terminology when an incipient cataract is present, preferring such phrases as "cloudy lens, hazy lens, or deposits of foreign material in the lens" and avoiding the term "cataract" lest the patient react as to the word "cancer". The author's recommended "dietetical cataract treatment" is reported as being based on a seven years• collaboration with Dr. Holland in which it was found that among the patients following the regimen for about four years "the opacifications did not recur; 22/16 that not only the vision gained was retained, but the improvement of general health, also." His theory of cataract formation involves primarily the alleged role of calcium, explaining, "due to faulty diet • • • the absence of [certain chemicals] permitted the calcium to be converted into the carbonate • • • , which is insoluble." Described in detail is a strict dietary regimen with supplements of vitamins, minerals, ocular calisthenics combined with breathing exercises, enemas, and frequent bathing. Avoided is any promise that the treatment will cure cataract but that it "can benefit not only the cataractous condition, but general health also; and the treatment contains nothing that can harm the body." Included on the last page is an advertisement of a $15 "Mediascope (patented)" for "Detecting and Visualizing Your Own Cataracts or Opacities". The instrument seems obviously to have been a device for introducing an over-focused or under-focused beam of light in the eye by which media opacities are seen entoptically shadowed. The description of its function leaves doubt that the advertiser understood the optics. What the book does demonstrate is the author's assumption that to its rank and file reader of those days a cataract was still a very severely feared eye condition and that its surgical correction was feared even more. Optometry in Victoria, Australia: In 1911 optometrists of Victoria, Australia, organized the Victorian Optical Association and started a tutorial program of evening classes to be followed by examinations for fellowship after two, and later three, years of study. Prior to 1911 optometrists had either trained in England or had been privately tutored or had no formal training. The tutorial educational provisions prevailed for three decades until on 29 December 1939 five optometrists signed the official Memorandum of Association of the Australian College of Optometry. In immediate response the Victorian Optical Association elected six optometrists by ballot to serve as councillors of the College and petitioned for its incorporation, which was certified on 5 February 1940. At the first meeting of the College Councillors on 11 March 1940 they elected officers and invited the Honorable Judge Stretton to serve as the first President of the College. The first service of the new college was to take over the tutorial training of those studying for V.O.A. fellowship, cOmpleting that phase in 1943. At the same time it developed an in-residence curriculum of four years length of which at least one and a half years were science courses at the neighboring University of Melbourne. All of this is just the beginning of the developmental details of today•s world-famous optometric educational and research center in Melbourne, Australia. Further details of the tripartite program, the college, the clinic, and the university Department are impressively described in an attractive brochure entitled 11 1989 22/17 Annual Reports" available from Professor B. L. Cole, Department of Optometry, University of Melbourne, Parksville, Victoria 3052, Australia. It is also undoubtedly available at ILAMO. Hirschberg's vols. sa and Sb: This is commentary on volumes Sa and Sb of Julius Hirschberg's "History of Ophthalmology" as translated by Frederick c. Blodi. The original German issues were completed just prior to World War I, and these two translated volumes were published in 19S7 and 19SS respectively by J.P. Wayenborgh Verlag. Both volumes cover a wealth of ophthalmological history but nothing at all of optometric history. Vol. Sa is "Part Four of the First Half of The Nineteenth Century" in Great Britain. Slightly more than half of Vol. Sb is "Part Five" of the same, and the remainder is on ophthalmology in Italy during the same era. The overwhelming bulk of both books consists of remarkably informative biographical accounts of individual ophthalmologists, their accomplishments, reputations, contributions, and personalities, together with numerous portraits. Incidentally covered are the histories of numerous eye hospitals and a wide variety of surgical and bloodletting techniques but relatively little on other forms of medical treatment or on ophthalmoscopy. The names of Thomas Young and William Porterfield are mentioned in passing, but visual science, visual physiology, optics, refraction, and eyewear are virtually unmentioned anywhere in either text except for one or two comments to the effect that they were simply not a part of the ophthalmological realm in the first half of the nineteenth century. Topically anomalous for the text and anachronistic by three centuries is the frontispiece of volume Sa, a full-page reproduction of a beautiful copper etching of a 16th century spectacle merchant! · A myth preserved in stone: Prompted by Jay Enoch's report in the January 1990 issue of this newsletter, vol. 21, pp. 4-5, on the still standing granite or marble bust of an alleged inventor of spectacles, J. J. Abrams included a visit to the same church and took photographs of the bust and the engraved legend. It reads insignificantly different from that cited in Enoch's report, but, in case you enjoy being persnickety, here it is in original capital letter form (unless this gets typographically mangled): QVI DIACE SALVINO D'ARMATO DEGLI ARMATI DI FIRENZE INVENTOR DELGI OCCHIALI DIO GLI PERDONI LE PECCATA ANNO D•MCCCXVII More information on this tomb will be given in the next issue of the Newsletter from OHS member Dr. Robert v. Sander. 22/18 A li~e o~ optometry: "Ein Leben fiir die optometrie: Peter Abel und Seine Zeit" is a biography of Peter Abel (1908- ) and more. It is authored and published by Hans-Ulrich Geyer, a young optometrist, Pfarre-Sturm­ Str. 5, D-7012 Fellbach, west Germany, 1988. The handsome clothbound book has 302 pages and 78 illustrations. Although written in the third person, the text often gives to those of us who know Abel the feeling that he himself is speaking. Together with the forewords by optometrists Thomas Nosch and Wolfgang Cagnolati the biographer clearly conveys Peter Abel's traits of being creative, farseeing, imaginative, unselfish, outgoing, determined, industrious, a champion for modern optometry, and appreciative of the career-long assistance of his wife Elizabeth. His oft expressed motto was "performance precedes success." Nosch added, "No other German optometrist is internationally as well known, loved, and honored." The general organization of the book really makes it a documentary that tells us much about optometry's history in Germany, and to some extent the world, during the past 60 years. The introductory sections deal philosophically with such questions as the aims of a career, who can profit from reading the book, the ethics and mission of the optometrist, and the biographer's explanation of his sources of information, including much from Herr Abel, who is now retired in Australia. Part 2 covers his childhood, youth, early involvement with optics, his life during the Hitlerian years, eventual attendance of an optical school in Berlin, early learning of English, appointment to the optometry school teaching staff at age 26, his wide travels, being drafted in WWII into the military where he served as a telecommunications officer and photographer, his post-war search for his evacuated wife and two children, and the miseries of reestablishment in Berlin. Part 3 is essentially an informative album of persons who played significant roles in Abel's career. They include Karl Hermes, A.E. Turville, Waldemar Friang, Otto Marzock, Karl Schultze, Rolf Weinschenk, Willi Sohnges, Clifford Hall, Frank Dickenson, Geo. F. Kapernik, Eduard Raskop, and Willi Kaue. Parts 4-10 respectively treat Peter Abel as entrepreneur, optometrist, contact lens specialist, worldwide diplomatic traveler, teacher-lecturer, organization leader, and career role mpdel. The appendices include a chronology, a publications list, a glossary of technical terms, credits, and index. Image technology: A very personalized review entitled "Forty years of image technology and vision research" by Donald H. Kelly appears in the July 1990 issue of Optics and Photonics News, vol. 1, No. 7, 22/19 pp. 24-30. It deals almost exclusively with scientific developments and personnel at the University of Rochester Institute of Optics during the author's career. Goethe's aversion to spectacles: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), prolific poet, dramatist, novelist, and freely expressive observer of almost anything that struck his fancy, gave vent to his aversion for spectacles time and again. In the bicentennial commemoration of Goethe's birth optometrist Kurt Muller of Plauen, East Germany, gave a paper entitled "Goethe und die Brille" which appeared in the August 15, 1949 issue of the Deutsche Optische Wochenschrift, no. 16. The paper has recently been reprinted in the March/April, 1990 issue of Auqenoptik, vol. 107, no. 2, pp. 48-49, with five illustrations on the inside front cover and editorial notations by K. Radicke. That Goethe was myopic was the author's interpretation from the two items of eyewear in the Goethe museum in Weimar so confirmed by Goethe • s grandson. One is a hornrimmed lorgnette holding a pair of two diopter concave lenses and on one arm of which is stamped "Tauber" and on the other "Leipzig". The Tauber firm was founded in 1800, suggesting that Goethe was at least 50 and probably 60 years old when he obtained the lorgnette. The other eyeglass is a short-handled golden monocle stamped "Nr. 6011 and having a lens diameter of 30 mm, but the author does not mention its power or whether it is concave or convex. In the illustrations it resembles a simple magnifying lens. There are indications that Goethe was myopic in his youth, including an account in a letter he wrote at age 18 in which he describes his difficulty identifying someone he was trying to find in the theatre and having to borrow theatre-goer's glasses rather that returning home for his own 11Glas11 • Even then he expressed his antipathy for any visual aid by commenting that he accomplished more by willpower than by the lens. Numerous other indications support the op1n1on that he was myopic, including his letter to a Dresden optician requesting at age 85 a new lorgnette of the same concave power as his present one and the comment of a friend that at age 80 he was seen reading without any glasses. The author describes at some length Goethe 1 s enchanting exophthalmic and almost black eyes as evidenced in portraits and in comments of those who had met him. Most fascinating however was his emotional aversion for glasses as documented frequently in his writings and correspondence, including a 20-line epigram "Feindseliger Blick" (malignant outlook) • It was not merely an annoyance with eyewear per se but more emphatically an instant and unavoidable feeling of hostility toward anyone wearing glasses in his presence. Even at age 81 he described to a friend the impact he would feel when a stranger approached him with spectacles on--he could not even be civil to the stranger. He philosophized that 22/20 glasses contribute nothing to our cultural and moral senses, that they distort our views and make the wearer feel smarter than he really is, and that, by all means, we should avoid becoming addicted to them, merely to use them for emergencies. He made a single exception in behalf of his closest friend who wore glasses constantly. Bibliothecal evolvements: Included under "Sights and Sounds" in the May 1990 issue of ILAMO VISIONLINK, vol.8, no. 5, are four videotapes, each of which is entitled "A Living History Interview". Catalog numbered VT-184, 185, 186, 187, and 188 they are interviews of Drs. Lynn Gabriel, Robert Graham, Solon Braff, and Morris Applebaum respectively by Margaret Dowaliby, 0. D. It is most gratifying that this very personalized type of resource is accumulating and available for those who would become familiar with optometry's heritage. With the stockpiling of resources, unfortunately, there occurs a problem, namely, that of discoverability of pertinent items. Like the innumerable volumes of unindexed optometric periodicals already on our library shelves, the accumulating wealth of information takes on the "needle in a hay stack" challenge. The same problem has long been building up in unpublished theses, dissertations, technical reports, government documents, and the like. Partial solutions are accomplished by abstract services, key word indexing, bibliographical attempts, and computerization, making literature-searching itself a professional tool skill to be acquired only with special effort. The burden falls ever more on libraries such as ILAMO and other institutional libraries serving collegiate and research roles in visual science. Even a person who has an enviable private collection often finds it necessary to rely on institutional indexing facilities to utilize effectively that which is already privately owned! In the case of the above mentioned videotapes, for example, one needs to know, at least by key words, if not by abstracts, what topics the interviewees dealt with informatively. The alternative is hours of viewing and searching for those elusive "needles" as well as borrowing and returning each tape, unless, of course, one undertakes to view them just for fun, not a bad idea in itself. co~tributing Editor: Managing Editor: *** Henry W Hofstetter 2615 Windermere Woods Drive Bloomington, IN 47401 USA Douglas K. Penisten College of Optometry Northeastern State University Tahlequah, OK 74464 USA IN"I'ERNATIONAL MEMBERS: Australian Optometric Assoc. P.O. Box 185 Carlton South Victoria 3053 AUSTRAIJA Dr. Howard A Backman Pierrefonds Medical Centre 12774 Gouin Boulevard West Montreal, Quebec H8Z 1WS CANADA Dr. C. W. Bobier 18 Orchard Park Cres Kitchner, Ontario N2M 2Y3 CANADA The British College of Optometrists 10 Knaresborough Place london SWS OTG ENGLAND Dr. Claro M. Cinco Diaz Bldg., Capitol Site Cebu City 6000 PHIUPPINES E. J. Fisher School of Optometry University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 CANADA Fondazoine "Giorgio Ronchi" Via s. Felice a Ema 20 50125 Firenze ITALY Antonio Joson, Jr. 1440 Taft Avenue Manila PHIUPPINES Dr. Akio Kanai Fuji Optical Service International Oktemachi Bldg., 1F Otemachi 1-6-1 Chiyoda-Ku Tokyo, JAPAN F100 Dr. Brian Layland 7 Mirrabooka Avenue Homebush NSW 2140 Sydney AUSTRAIJA 22/21 Library Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine 183 Euston Road london NW1 2BN ENGLAND Gemot Lindner Schottstrasse 56 7000 Stuttgart 1 WEST GERMANY Dr. William M. Lyle University of Waterloo School of Optometry Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 CANADA Ronald MacGregor 47 Chapelwell St. Saltcoats, Ayrshire KA215EB UNITED KINGDOM Dr. K. Issei Mori Kikuchi College of Optometry 2 5 5 Izumi Higashiku Nagoya JAPAN Dr. Gerald Mulrooney 6454 Quinpool Road Halifax, Nova Scotia B3L 1A9 CANADA Mr. Kurt E. Ostlund Ostlunds Optik-Synsam H~lmgatan 17 79153 Falun SWEDEN Felip Cid i Rafael Fundacio-Museu d'Historia de Ia Medicina Passatge Mercader, 11 08008-Barcelona, SPAIN Mr. M. J. Revell Brandon Hall Fen Lane, Bulphan Upminister, Essex ENGLAND Sekiya Shirayama 6-8 Wakabayashi, 5-Chrome Setagaya-ku, Tokyo JAPAN Dr. Gunther Ueberschaar DDR 6900 Jena Professor-Ibrahim-Strasse 1 Postschliess Fach 135 EASf GERMANY Universite de Montreal Bibliotheques-Acquisitions (Periodiques) CP 6128 Succ "A" Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7 CANADA VISus SDF Di Roncagli Vittorio E.C. VJale Parini 9 48015 Cervia ITALY Mr. Robert von Sandor Klippuddsstigen 2 s-181 62 Lidingo SWEDEN Boris Wainer FOA P.O. Box 46229 Orange Grove, Johannesburg 2119 REPUBUC OF SOUTII AFRICA J.P. Wayenborgh P.O. Box 215 Edinburgh EH6 7PE SCOTLAND, GREAT BRITAIN Dr. T. David Williams 269 Union Boulevard Kitchner, Ontario N2M 2S9 CANADA Dr. George Woo School of Optometry University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 CANADA Miss Amanda Wilson 1 Willow Street Lugarno, NSW, 2210 Sydney AUSTRAIJA Mr. Charles F Wright 3 Meadowvale Road Springfield SA 5062 SOUTII AUSTRAIJA U.S.A. MEMBERS: Dr. J. J. Abrams 4516 West Washington Street Indianapolis, IN 46241 Dr. Teri L. Alpert 28601 Marguerite Parkway, #3 Mission Viejo, CA 92692 22/22 Dr. Arol R. Augsburger Dr. Jerry L. Christensen Dr. Menon C. Flom Ohio State University ~ School of Optometry College of Optometry College of Optometry 8001 Natural Bridge Road Univ of Houston 320 W. Tenth Avenue St. Louis, MO 63121 Houston, TX 77204-6052 Columbus, OH 43210 Dr. Gilben B. Cohen Dr. Luis Garcia-Margarida Dr. Joseph M. Babock Jr. Alief Health Center Box 13188 720 6th Street 7474 South Kirkwood Santurce Portsmouth, OH 45662 Houston, TX 77072 Pueno Rico 00908 Dr. Neal J. Bailey Dr. Donald W. Conner, Sr. Dr. Stuan J. Gelber 32 East 15th Avenue Rural Route 52, Box 114 601 Riverside Drive Columbus, OH 43201 Terre Haute, IN 47805 Hillside, NJ 07205 Dr. William R. Baldwin Dr. Roben B. Coppelman Georgia Optometric Association University of Houston 3660 Fox Grove Place 4289 Memorial Drive, Suite J College of Optometry San Diego, CA 92130 Decatur, GA 30032 Houston, TX 77204-6052 Dr. Samuel Cutler Dr. Edward Goodlaw Dr. Felix M. Barker, ll 8226 Cadwalader Ave. 4055 Wilshire Boulevard, 600 Mulford Road Elkins Park, PA 19117 Suite 406 Wyncote, PA 19095 Los Angeles, CA 90010 Ms. Maria Dablemont Dr. Frieda Barnes 1435 Wells Avenue Dr. David A. Goss c/o Chardon Quality Care St. Louis, MO 63119 Nonheastem State University Nursing Center College of Optometry 620 Water Street Dr. William D. Dellande Tahlequah, OK 74464 Chardon, OH 44024 111 East Broadway, Suite 310 Columbia, MO 65203 Dr. Roben K Graham Dr. Cunis Baxstrom 2141 Palomar Airpon Road 4653 E. Norwich Dr. Margaret Dowaliby Suite 300 Fresno, CA 93726 8787 Shoreham Drive Carlsbad, CA 92009 Condo 103 Dr. Irving Bennett West Hollywood, CA 90069 Dr. Roderick P. Grant 3307 Seventh Avenue 2858 lakeland Pkwy. Beaver Falls, PA 15010 Dr. Thomas Eade Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44224 P. 0. Box 604 Dr. Jack W. Bennett New Castle, IN 47362 Dr. Monon K Greenspoon I. U. School of Optometry 14607 Ventura Boulevard 800 East Atwater Dr. Jay M. Enoch Sherman Oaks, CA 91403 Bloomington, IN 47405 School of Optometry Univ. of California-Berkeley Dr. James R. Gregg Biomedical Library Berkeley, CA 94720 · 412 South Rolling Hills Place Center for the Health Sciences Anaheim, CA 92807 University of California Dr. H. Ward Ewalt Los Angeles, CA 90024 1160 Bower Hill Road #PH4B Dr. R. L. Guenveur Pittsburgh, PA 15243 P.O. Box25 Dr. Irvin M. Borish Mt. Horeb, WI 53572-0025 211 Wildwood Circle Dr. Ron G. Fair Deerfield Beach, FL 33442 1 OS Bridge Street Richard L. Guerrein Brighton, CO 80601 Review of Optometry Dr. Lester Caplan Chilton Way Univ. of Ala at Birmingham Dr. Barbara A. Fink Radnor, PA 19089 School of Optometry 1301 Oakland Avenue UAB Sfation Columbus, OH 43212 Dr. Alden N. Haffner Birmingham, AL 35294 State College of Optometry Dr. Andrew F. Fischer State University - New York Dr. Samuel Clay Chapman 2104 Kennedy House 100 East 24th Street 15 West Franklin Street Philadelphia, PA New York, NY 10010 Liberty, MO 64068 19103-1546 Dr. Leon W. Haffner Dr. Walter Wm. Chase Dr. Joseph E. Fitzgerald 7400 Gary Street Southern CA College of OPT 15299 Forest Park Boulevard Fon Wayne, IN 46816 2575 Yorba Linda Boulevard Cleveland, OH 44136 Fullenon, CA 92631 Brance E. Hagood 1051 Oakmont Place, Apt. 4 Memphis, TN 38107 Dr. Charles L. Haine 2553 Rue Bienville Danville, IL 61832 Dr. J. R. Hale P. 0. Box 780 Sunnyside, WA 98944 Dr. Frederick T. Heller 162 Middlesex Avenue WJ.imington, MA 01887 Dr. Paul L. Heller 12908 Lorain Avenue Cleveland, OH 44111 Dr. Bert C. Hersch 1 00 Thorndale Drive #271 San Rafael, CA 94903 Dr. Karl 0. Hoefert 110 East Florence Boulevard Casa Grande, AZ 85222 Dr. Henry W Hofstetter 2615 Windermere Woods Drive Bloomington, IN 47401 Dr. Richard L. Hopping Southern CA College of Optometry 2575 Yorba linda Boulevard Fullerton, CA 92631 Dr. John L. Howlette 206 East Clay Street Richmond, VA 23219 Dr. D. G. Hummel 7029 Royalton Road North Royalton, OH 44133 Dr. Earl J. Hunt 226 Ohio Street Johnstown, PA 15902-2643 Prof. Vincent llardi 238 North Main Street Sunderland, MA 01375 Indiana University Libraries Serials Department Indiana University Bloomington, IN 47405 Dr. Horace H. Jenner 555 Harvard Terrace Frankfort, IN 46041 Dr. Douglas Kiessling Group Health Association Eye Care 1990 M Street NE 2nd Floor Washington, DC 20036 22/23 Dr. Robert A. Koetting University Club Tower #333 1034 South Brentwood Boulevard St. Louis, MO 63117-1261 Ms. Bridget Kowalczyk ILAMO 243 North lindbergh Boulevard St. Louis, MO 63141 Dr. Robert H. Kraskin 4600 Massachusetts Avenue NW Washington, DC 20016 Dr. Dennis M. Kuwabara 94-748 Hikimoe Street Waipahu, m 96797 Dr. James P. Leeds 2470 East 116th Street Carmel, IN 46032 Dr. Richard R. Lehr 363 East Lancaster Avenue P. 0. Box238 Downingtown, PA 19335 Dr. Charles E. Letocha 444 Rathton Road York, PA 17403 Dr. Alvin Levin 3625 N. 16th Street, #119 Phoenix, AZ 85016-6446 Dr. Irving E. levy 16406 Fernway Road Shaker Heights, OH 44120-3368 Li!Jrary-S Ca College of Optometry 2575 Yorba Linda Blvd Fullerton, CA 92631-1699 Professor Alfred Lit Route 6 Box 351 Murphysboro, IL 62966 Dr. George G. Litsinger 1221 North Lundergan Avenue Park Ridge, IL 60068 Dr. D. M. Livingstone Box 1341 Hato Rey, PR 00919 Dr. Morris C. McKee 3006 Albin San Antonio, TX 78209 Dr. W. H. Marshall 708 East University Avenue Gainesville, FL 32601 Dr. M.A. Marvelli 214 Blackfoot Trail DCBE Granbury, TX 76048 Dr. Angelo D. Meneghini 524 Ohio Street Terre Haute, IN 47807 Dr. Bert 0. Miller 5525 West 12th Street Little Rock, AR 72204 Dr. Susan Mohme 2025 Old River Road Slidell, lA 70461 Dr. H. L. Moore 88 1st Street SE Linton, IN 47441 Dr. Meredith W. Morgan 1217 Skycrest Drive #4 Walnut Creek, CA 94595 Dr. Eric P. Muth 25 Parkland Place Milford, CT 06460 Dr. Raymond I. Myers 208 Beverly lane Collinsville, IL 62234 National Library of Medicine TSD Serials 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20209 Dr. Benjamin Nerenberg 233 N Santa Cruz Ave Los Gatos, CA 95030 Dr.MichaelJ.Obremskey Annandale Professional Center 7540 Little River Turnpike Annandale, VA 22003 Dr. Luis A. Ortiz Box128 Bayamon, Puerto Rico 00619 Dr. Louis H. Orzack 7 Bunny Circle Newton, MA 02158 Dr. D. K Penisten Northeastern State University College of Optometry Tahlequah, OK 74464 Pennsylvania College of Optometry Library of Optometry 1200 West Godfrey Avenue PhDadelphia, PA 19141-3399 Dr. Henry B. Peters Univ. of Alabama Sch of OPT University Station Bkullngham,AL 35294 Dr. Marshall H. Petersen 238 East Wentworth West St. Paul, MN 55118 Dr. Duane E. Polzien 7824 South Sycamore Drive lincoln, NE 68506 Mrs. Henry Quick P. 0. Box 297 Chwego, ~ 13827 L.A.Ress 3235 Cambridge Avenue, #4A Bronx, ~ 10463-3648 Dr. J. H. Robinson Box 323 Creston, lA 50801 Dr. Alfred A. Rosenbloom 5499 South Hyde Park Boulevard Chicago, IL 60615 Dr. J. Wm. Rosenthal 3322 St. Claude Avenue New Orleans, LA 70117 Dr. Joseph Ruckiewicz 130 King St. Pottstown, PA 19464 Dr. Herman Sager 40 Brand Drive Huntinton, NY 11743 Dr. A. A. Schmidt 28511 Willet Circle North Olmstead, OH 44070 Dr. John N. Schoen RR 1 Box 261-C Medford, MN 55049 Dr. R. D. Sedgwick 14 Central Drive Glen Head, NY 11545 Mrs. Nadine Ingram See 2117 Cleveland Place St. Louis, MO 63110 Serials Department The library u;iv of CA, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720 Serials Department E John Vaughan library Northeastern State University Tahlequah, OK 74464 Dr. Elias Shaneson 3614A Willa Way Lake Worth, FL 33467 22/24 Dr. Joseph L. Shapiro 12 Winterberry Court East Brunswick, NJ 08816 Dr. C. Wayne Shearer 3928 Dayton Boulevard Chattanooga, 1N 37415 Dr. R. L. Shoemaker 6214 North Broadway Indianapolis, IN 46220 Dr. David L. Snyder 22 South Chapel Avenue Alhambra, CA 91801 South Carolina Optometric Ass'n 2730 Devine Street Columbia, SC 29205 Dr. Gregory L. Stephens College of Optometry University of Houston Houston, TX 77204-6052 Dr. Charles R. Stewart Box 7657 Waco, TX 76714 S~ College of Optometry Harold Kohn Vis Sci library 100 East 24th Street New York, NY 10010-3677 Dr. J. Baxter Swartout 400 Troy-Schenectady Rd. Latham, NY 12110 Dr. Sol Tannebaum 2555 W. lincoln Hwy, Ste 101 Olympia Fields, lL 60461 Dr. and Mrs. John Tull 143 Springdale Avenue York, PA 17403 Dr. J. C. Tumblin 5319 Broadway NE Knoxville, TN 37918 University of Houston libraries Central Serials Record 4800 Calhoun Boulevard Houston, TX 77004 Vision Educational Foundation, Inc. Joyce D. Ardrey 4200 W. 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