IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 Design and Implement an EC-Application Based on Multi Database Environment S. M.Hadi De partment of Information and Communication Engineering College of Al-Khwarizmi Engineering, University of Baghdad Abstract The vast majority of EC app lications are the web-based deployed in 3-tire Server-Client environment, the data within such app lication often resides within several heterogeneous data sources. Building a single app lication that can access each data sources can be a matter of challenging; this p aper concerns with developing a soft ware p rogram that runs transp arently against heterogeneous environment for an EC-ap p lication. Keywords: EC, Heterogeneous DB, Three Tier Architecture, Mi ddleware Introduction Today's organization faces an increasingly rapid rate of changes that are fueled by the rise of electronic business. To sustain comp etitive advantages, The IT p rofessional must deliver rapid solutions for changing business needs. From the other side the distributed database sy st em has recently become an imp ortant area of management information p rocessing that eliminates many of the short comings of centralized DB and fits more naturally in the decentralized structure of many organizations [1]. Various commercial trends have lead to an increasing demand for distributed sy st ems. First , the number of mergers between comp anies is higher and this trend is bound t o continue. The different divisions of merged comp any have to deliver unified services t o their customers and this usually demands an integration of their sy st ems [2]. T he time frame is oft en so short that building a new sy st em is not an option and therefore existing sy st em comp onents have to be integrated into a distributed sy st em that app ears as an integrating comp uting facility , also the time p ressures on p roviding new services or existing services to new customers are increasing rapidly . Oft en, this can only be achieved if comp onents are p rocured off the shelf and then integrated into a sy st em rather than built from scratch. Components to be integrated often have incompatible requirements on the hardware and op erating sy st em p latforms they run on then they have to be deployed on different host s; after that the sy st ems end up being distributed. In this setting, it is difficult to estimate the scalability requirements for such a sy st em. Any E-commerce site that designed to cope with a given number of transactions p er day may find itself suddenly exp osed to demand by orders of magnitude larger. The required scalability cannot usually be achieved by using centralized or client – server architectures and these sy st ems often have to be distributed. The construction of distributed sy st ems is app ealing because it can p ossibly solve all these problems. Dist ributed sy st ems can integrate legacy comp onents, they can decrease the time to market, and they can be scalable and tolerant against failures [3]. T he caveat, however, is that the construction of truly distributed sy st ems is considerably more difficult than building a centralized or client/server sy st em. This is because there are multip le p oints of failure in a IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 distributed sy st em, comp onents need to communicate with each other through a network, which comp licates communication and op ens the door for security att acks. Building a p rop osed DB repository about customers, agents and p roducts will manage the data from different sources of DB p latforms into one app lication will be the op timum solution for such an ap p lication. The Client / Server Model over Distributed DB In server / client architecture, multiple comp uter p latforms are dedicated to sp ecial functions such as database management, p rinting, communications, and p rogram execution. These p latforms are called servers. Each server is accessible by all computers on the network. Servers can be comp uters of all sizes; they st ore both ap p lication programs and data files and are equip p ed with op erating sy st em soft ware to manage the activities of the network. The server distributes p rograms and data files to the other comp uters (clients) on the network as they request them. An app lication server holds the p rograms and data files for a p articular app lication, such as an inventory database. Processing can be done at the client or server side [4]. A client is any comp uter (often an end user's p ersonal comp uter) that sends messages request ing services from the server on the network.This client can converse with many servers concurrently . A user at a p ersonal comp uter initiates a request to extract data that resides in a database somewhere on the network. A data request server intercep ts the request and determines on which data server the data resides. The server then formats the user's request into a massage that the database server will understand. Up on receip t of the massage, the database server extracts and formats the request ed data and sends the results to the client. Only the data needed to satisfy a sp ecific query is sent [5]. While the distributed p rocessing involves p lacing p rocessing units at different locations and linking them via telecommunications equip ment, a distributed database is a database in which the data may be sp read across several smaller databases connected via telecommunications devices works on much the same p rinciple. And the DBM S determines where the data is p hy sically located and retrieves it Dist ributed database give corporations more flexibility in how database are organized and used. Local office can create, manage, and use their own databases, and p eople at other office can access and share the data in the local databases [6]. Giving local sites more direct access to frequently and used data can imp rove organizational effectiveness and efficient significantly. Desp ite its advantages, distributed p rocessing creates additional challenges in maintaining data security , accuracy, timeliness, and conformance to st andards. Dist ributed database allows more users direct access at different sites; thus controlling those accesses and changes data is sometimes difficult [7]. Client server model is usually based on a simple connection (request / rep lay ) p rotocol. In this suggested soft ware as a middleware, we connect each client comp uter by the soft ware communication to the server comp uter; this soft ware lay er can aid the transmission and resaving of the client data and control the information between them and the server. This model depends on one ty p e of client / server architecture which is named Three Tier Architecture. The Three Tier Architecture Figure (1) shows the three tier architecture that have been used for Internet-technology database app lications. In this figure, three ty p es of p rocessing, or tiers, are shown from right to left, they are: the database server, the web server, and the browser or client comp uters. Each of these tiers can run on a different op erating sy st em [8]. IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 The interface between the web server and the database server transmits SQL st atements and relational data. While the interface between the web server and the browser transmits web p ages, client code and data. The functions of the three tiers that are summarized in this fig. show that the database server is to run the RDBM S to p rocess SQL st atements and p erform database management task. In this case the DBM S is op erating in its traditional role of serving up data; the RDBM S on the data server is not creating forms or reports or menus. Inst ead, it is a p ure data receiving SQL request s and p rocessing rows in tables. The proposed distributed so ftware design When the network technology had achieved sufficient p enetration and visibility , the term of the middleware soft ware had evolved into a much richer set of p aradigms and services and offered to help make these services easier and more manageable. The p rogramming of distributed sy st em is in general much more difficult without a sp ecial soft ware p rogram to manage the heterogeneous op eration, the suggested soft ware for the p rop osed EC-ap p lication designed to work transp arently and to be suitable in the heterogeneous relational database management sy st em environment, where two or more different DBM S are used for the EC- web based app lication and running under different op erating sy st em. The idea of the main architecture for this p rop osed soft ware is shown in Figure (2) The soft ware design for this p rocess can be extended to take advantages of extended tools for remote computing and dist ributed app lication that is needed in the EC app lication. This soft ware ware p rovide simple mechanism to ensure that the app lication to be distributed over multiple heterogeneous p latforms will reduce the comp licity of developing app lications that sp an multip le op erating sy st ems and network p rotocols. The flowchart diagram for this soft ware can be exp lained through Figure (3) in this flowchart the main EC ap p lication based a web page used, as t he interface for all the functions of this app lication and different Data Base will be connected by using the op en database connectivity (ODBC). Software Implementation The designed app lication can be written and imp lemented in any language used for p rocessing database app lications over the Internet technology . According to that the Op en Database Connection (ODBC) must be used in which it is the st andard that will be used between the windows app lication and the middleware app lication that is indep endent of the data source. The ODBC middleware will p rovide the app lication soft ware with a generic format for the database access. The designed soft ware has been written by using Oracle 9i language with developer 2000 to build the database and the EC app lication and in order to use three other databases p latforms to create the heterogeneous environment the following languages have been used (Access 2003, VFoxPro. and Informix). By imp lementing the st eps exp lained in Figure (3) ,the sy st em will distribute the data transp arently through this environment by choosing a sp ecific ODBC driver as Oracle to be used for each database being accessed. For any EC app lication, it should request e the five st eps sales life cycle (search, identifying, selecting, p urchasing, delivery and services after sales) this p rop osed soft ware st arted by the registration of any new customer or otherwise they have only to sign in the registration forums exp lained in the windows shown in Figure (4)a and (4)b While the other forums will be used to establish a connection to a non oracle database sources ot her than the primary one, and the data stored in that non oracle database IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 will be retrieved as needed. Figure (5)a and (5)b show t he ap p liances order and the connection with the other Data Base for this EC Ap p lication. The Conclusions Develop ers today are challenged to integrate their app lications with other sy st ems over a network in a multi p latform and multi databases. By this flowchart design and its imp lementation soft ware we reach this idea, it can be designed to manage the comp licity of the heterogeneous inherent in the distributed database used in any internet based app lication just the examp le taken here for the EC app lication. Also it help s t o ease the task of designing and managing different distributed database sy st em over different op erating sy st em by p roviding and improving the consist ency , integrity and security . Re ferences 1. Ralp h, M . Stair, (2003).Princip les of Information Sy st ems, International Thomson p ublished comp any, 2 nd edition, Canada 2. Rob, P. and Cop nel, C. (2005). Database Sy st em Design, Implementation and M anagement, International Thomson Publishing Company ITP, 3 rd edition, USA. 3. M ichael, J. Hernandez, (2003). "database design for mere", Addison Wesley, 2 nd edition, USA, 4. Charles, J.(1999).M iddleware M oves to the Forefront, Addison Wesley p ublishing comp any, Inc., USA. 5. Hergula, K. ;Harder, T.; DaimlerChry sler, A.G.( 2000). “A M iddleware Ap p roach for Combining Heterogeneous Data Sources - Integration of Generic Query and Predefined Function Access,” in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Web Information Sy st ems Engineering,, 1, 26-33. 6. Chen, Q; Yao J, and Xing R, (2006). "M iddleware Components for E-commerce Infrastructure: An Analytical Review" Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology , 3, 137-146. 7. Ling R.R.; Yen, D. C.and Chou, D, C.,( 2000-2001), " From Database to Web Browser: The Solutions t o Data Access", Journal of Computer Information Sy st em ,winter 8. Cavazos, F.A. and Jarquín, J.C.(2004),"A 3-Tiered Client-server Dist ributed Database Sy st em Component-Based", in Proceedings of the winter international sy np osium on Information & communication technologies,. IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 Fig. (1): The Three Ti re Archi tecture Fig.(2): The Main S tructure of the Propose d Algorithm IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 Fig. (3) :The Flowchart of the Propose d Program IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 (a) (b) Fig. (4): The Registration and Si gn in Operation for EC Application REGI STER SING IN CATALOG BUY Register USER NAME SUHA PASSWAORD * * * * * USER NAME SUHA M . HADI COUNTRY IRAQ ADDRESS BAGHDAD 750 -90-11 E-MAIL Dr_suh ah adi @yah oo.com REGI STER SING IN CATALOG BUY Sign in USER NAME SUHA PASSWAORD * * * * * IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FOR PURE & APPL. S CI. VOL.22 (4) 2009 (a) (b) Fig. (5): The Connection with Other DB for EC Application REGI STER SING IN CATALOG BUY Oracle Foxpro Informix Ms-A ccess CODE PRODUCT MOD EL PRICE BUY CATALOGE De tails … De tails … De tails … De tails … De tails … Aircooler Fan Stand fan 30 0 $ 75 $ 10 0 $ Vstel Konka na tiona l Co olers Co olers Co olers 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 BUY REGI STER SING IN CATALOG BUY CL EAR OR DER CHACK OUT CODE PRODUCT QUANTITY SUM UNIT PRICE Aircooler 60 0 $ 2 30 0 $ 10 0 ORDER NO; :- 75 0 ORDER DAT E :- 20 -FEB-2 008 TOTAL PRIC E : 60 0$ 2009) 4 (22 المجلد مجلة ابن الھیثم للعلوم الصرفة والتطبیقیة تصمیم وتنفیذ تطبیق للتجارة االلكترونیة یعتمد على بیئة قواعد البیانات التوزیعیة سها محمد هادي تصاالت ، كلیة الهندسة الخوارزمي ، جامعة بغداد قسم هندسة المعلومات واال الخالصة ن مـن أهـم التطــورات الكبیـرة والمهمــة فـي تطبیقــات التجـارة االلكترونیـة هــي تطـویر هــذه التطبیقـات مــن خـالل صــفحات ا ن البیانـات ومـن خــالل هـذه التطبیقــات ا ، اذ(Server- Client)الویـب المعتمـدة علــى هیكلیـة أو معماریــة الخـام والمـستفید .ت التوزیعیة المختلفة تعمل ضمن بیئة العدید من مصادر قواعد البیانا بنـاء نظـام واحـد متكامـل یمكنـه الــدخول والوصـول الـى كـل مـصدر مــن مـصادر قواعـد البیانـات التوزیعیـة والمختلفــة ن ا نشاء وتطبیق خوارزمیة وبرنـامج یتعامـل بـشفافیة مـع بأأن هذا البحث یهتم " كبیرا" تحدیا ذه التطبیقات والتعامل معها یعدله . البیانات التوزیعیة المختلفة والخاصة بتطبیقات التجارة االلكترونیةمصادر قواعد