Preparation And Study Of Some Electrical Properties Of Mn-Ni Fe2O4 Abbas Kareem Saadon Dept. of Physics/College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham)/ University of Baghdad Received in :9 May 2012 , Accepted in : 24 December 2012 Abstract In this study, Mn-Ni Ferrite was prepared by using two composites of manganese ferrite ( MnFe2o4 ) and Nicle Ferrite ( NiFe2O4) tested by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) method. The dielectric constant (𝜀)̅ and the dielectric loss tangent (𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛿) were studied for the ferrite system prepared at different frequencies (100, 200… and 5000 kHz). It was found that the values of (𝜀)̅ and (𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛿) decrease with the increase of frequencies. Key words: Ferrite, Electrical properties, Preparation 69 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 Introduction Ferrite most widely used magnets comprising 52% of the world market [ 1 ] . The advancement of high frequency ferrite was initiated by the work done by Snock [ 2 ] who found that associated with excellent properties in the high frequency range , ( Mn – Zn Ferrite ) , ( Cu-Zn Ferrite ) and Ni-Zn Ferrite provide a family magnetic materials useful for radio and TV sets as well as carries telephon as cores of industries transformers and so forth . X-ray diffraction study of the cation distribution in the ( Mn – Zn Ferrite ) is also carried out by Abbas et.al [ 3 ] . Electrical transport properties of Zn substituted Mn ferrite has been studied by Ravinder and Reddy [ 4 ] . The (Mn0-8-Zn0-2 Fe2O4) was prepared by flash combustion technique by Mangalaraja et. al. [ 5 ] . In 2003 were sintered at 1340℃ in controlled atmosphere and characterized for their magnetic initial permeability and electrical properties. Experimentation Samples Preparation: The Ferrite was prepared by using ceramic technique involving solid state reaction using metal oxides in the form of grinding powders. The qualitative of each sample were calculated in terms of weight percentage according to the chemical reaction. NiO +Fe2O3→ Ni2 Fe2O4 MnO+Fe2O3→ Mn Fe2O4 MnO( X) + NiO (1-X) + Fe2O3→ Mnx-Ni1-x Fe2O4 Samples of ferrite were prepared by mixing for (5 hrs) . After that the mixture was pressed to pellets with (1×1 cm). These pellets were sintered at ( 1150Co ) in air for ( 4hrs ) . X –Ray Diffraction Analysis: The X-ray diffraction meter is an instrument for studding samples of using (Philips X-Ray Diffract meter) with Cukα radiation source source. For phase identification and study of preferred orientation a full scan of 2θ ( from 10- 80 degrees ) , which were analyzed to calculate ( d ) ( interatomic spacing )at index ( hkl ) . The relative intensities were taken from XRD pattern. Dielectric Measurement: The dielectric properties of (Mnx-Ni1-x fe2O4 ) ferrite have measured capacitance method . Air –dried silver epoxy electrical contacts were deposited on the flat surface of sintered pellets and the dielectric constant (ε�) and dielectric loss tangent ( tan δ ) were calculated using the formula: ε� = cd ϵA Where c = is the measured capacitance d = is the thickness of the sample A = is the area of the capacitors’ plate ϵ= is the permittivity of free space and its value is 8.85 X10-12f/m tan δ = ε� ε� Where (ε�) is loss factor being the imaginary part of complex permittivity. Results and Discussion X-Ray diffraction analysis Ferrite samples Mn Fe2O4 , Nife2O4 and Mnx-Ni1-x Fe2O4 , with X=0.5 were prepared by high temperature solid state reaction method . The powder mixture was pressed into pellets of 20mm diameter the samples were sintered in a furnace at 1150 Co for 4 hours 70 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 for making a homogeneous product. The samples were quenched in air and using X-Ray Diffracion by using (philips x-ray diffracto meter) Cukα radiation. The samples were rotated through an angle of ( 10-80o ) at a scanning speed of ( 10 deg/min ) to identify the phases formed and to confirm completion of the chemical reaction figures { 1,2,3 }.The diffraction patterns were taken on a plotter which were analysis to calculate ( inter – atomic spacing ) and to index ( h,k,l ) [ 6 ] .by using the relation d2 = h 2 a2 + k 2 b2 + l 2 c2 ,to calculate lattice constants (a, b, c)which are completely described in tables(1,2,3). Dielectric Properties The variation of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent as a function of frequency for Mnx-Ni1-x Fe2O4, X=0.5 , ferrite at room temperature are shown in figure (4 ) and figure (5 ) . It is clear from the figures that both of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent decrease with the increase of frequencies. The decrease of dielectric and dielectric loss tangent with frequencies is a normal dielectric behavior of spinal Ferrite [7-8] as the frequency of the externally applied field increases gradually .The decrease of dielectric loss tangent by increasing frequencies is due to strong correlation between the conduction mechanism and dielectric behavior of Ferrite [7]. Conclusions The variation of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent as a function of frequencies for ferrite system shows that both of the dielectric and dielectric loss tangent decrease with the increase of frequencies. The decrease with frequency is a normal dielectric behavior of spinal ferrite. References 1.Haq A-ul- and Proc, A.Ali, (1998)7th National conference on frontiers in physics , Quaid- i-Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan 19-21. 2.Snock, J.L. ( 1947 ) New Developments in Ferromagnetic Materials , Elsevier Publ. john wiely, new York 3.Tahir Abbas , (1992 ) x-ray diffraction data of the Mn-Zn ferrite", Solid state communications , 82( 9) :701-703 . 4.Ravinder, DF and Ramana Reddy, A.V. ( 1999 ) electrical transport properties of Zn substituted Mn ferrite ,Materials letters,38 ( 4 ): 265 – 269 . 5.Mangolaraja ,R.V. and Anantha Kumer, S. ( 2003 ) ,prepared the Mn-Zn ferrite by flash combustion techinqu, Materials Letters , 57 ( 5-6 ) :1151-1155. 6.Bayliss ,P.D . G-Erd, More Annp Sabina ,M .E, and Smith,D.K, ( 1986 ) Mineral powder Diffraction File JCPDS .edited by W.L., Everitt, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. printers-Hill, new jersey USA. 7.Abdeen A.M. ( 1999 ) study of the mechanism and dielectric of ferrite,Journal of magnetism and Magnetic materials , 192, 121-129 . 8. Mangolaraja, R.V. and Anantha Kumer S., Manohar P, and Gnanam F-D- , ( 2002 ) ,study the electric properties of the Mn-Zn ferrite, journal of magnetism and magnetic materials , 253, 56 – 64 . 71 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 Table No. ( 1 ): X – Ray diffraction data of Ni Fe2 O4 ASTM d(A) hkl d (A) 2Ө(deg) 4.813 111 4.769 18. 59 2.948 220 2.933 30.455 2.514 311 2.504 35.837 2.407 222 2.401 37.419 2.085 400 2.080 43.464 1.702 422 1.697 53.973 1.604 511 1.601 57.527 1.474 440 1.472 63.114 1.318 620 1.316 71.629 1.271 533 1.269 74.709 1.257 622 1.257 75.583 1.204 444 1.203 79.603 Table No.( 2 ): X – Ray diffraction data of Mn Fe2 O4 ASTM d(A) hkl d (A) 2Ө(deg) 4.926 111 4.911 18.046 3.016 202 3.010 29.654 2.570 311 2.567 34.922 2.461 222 2.457 36.535 2.134 004 2.127 42.445 1.738 422 1.738 52.631 1.640 333 1.638 56.095 1.506 440 1.505 61.581 1.298 533 1.298 72.791 1.284 622 1.283 73.775 Table No. ( 3 ): X – Ray diffraction data of Mn – Ni Fe2 O4 With X = 0.5. c A b A a A 0.699 0.725 1.914 Hkl d (A) 2Ө(deg) 111 4.828 18.358 220 2.960 30.162 311 2.524 35.537 222 2.412 37.242 400 2.091 43.228 422 1.708 53.602 333 1.614 57.025 511 1.606 57.305 440 1.474 62.883 622 1.279 74.040 622 1.275 74.301 72 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 2θ degree Figure No. (1): X-ray diffraction of Ni Fe2O4. Intensity 2θ degree Figure No. (2): X-ray diffraction of MnFe2O4. 73 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 2θ degree Figure No. (3 ): X-ray diffraction of Mn- Ni Fe2O4. Figure No. ( 4 ): Variation of dielectric loss tangent tanδ with frequencies for Mn-Ni Ferrite. 74 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 Figure No. ( 5 ): Variation of dielectric constant ε with frequencies for Mn-Ni Ferrite. 75 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013 ) Fe2O4 Mn-Ni( تحضیر ودراسة بعض الخصائص الكھربائیة للمركب عباس كریم سعدون جامعة بغداد/كلیة التربیة للعلوم الصرفة (ابن الھیثم) /قسم الفیزیاء 2012كانون االول 24، قبل البحث في : 2012ایار 9استلم البحث في : خالصةال ) بخلط مركبین منغنیز فرایت ونیكل فرایت X=0.5نیكل فرایت ) ، ( –في ھذه الدراسة حضر مركب( منغنیز ومن ثم قیست بعض الخصائص الكھربائیة لھذا النوع من الفرایت ، ولوحظ ان ثابت العزل ومعامل الفقد العزلي یتناقصان مع زیادة الترددات. تحضیر،الخصائص الفیزیائیة ،فرایـت الكلمات المفتاحیة: 76 | Physics @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ÚÓ‘Ój�n€a@Î@Úœäñ€a@‚Ï‹»‹€@·rÓ:a@Âig@Ú‹©@Ü‹1a26@@ÖÜ»€a@I3@‚b«@H2013 Ibn Al-Haitham Jour. for Pure & Appl. Sci. Vol. 26 (3) 2013