IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Electrical Properties of Poly (Ethylene Oxide) polymer Doped by MnCl2 * A. A. Salih § , Y. Ramadin and A. Zihlif. Departme nt of Physics, College of Education I bn Al-Haitham, Unive rsity of Baghdad Abstract The electrical p rop erties of Poly (ethy lene oxide)-M nCl2 Composites were st udied by using the impedance technique. The study was carried out as a function of frequency in the range from 10 Hz to 13 M Hz and M nCl2 salt concentration ranged from 0% to 20% by weight. It was found that the dielectric constants and the dielectric loss of the p repared films increase with the increase of the M nCl2 concentration; The A.C. conductivity increases with the increase of the app lied frequency , and the M nCl2 content in the comp osite membrane. Relaxation p rocesses were observed to take p lace for comp osites which have a high salt concentration. The observed relaxation and p olarization effects of the comp osite are mainly att ributed to the dielectric behaviour of the M nCl2 filler and p olarity of the p olymer PEO. However, the results were exp lained on the basis of the interfacial (sp ace charge) p olarization dipolar p olarization and the decrease of the hundrance of the p olymer matrix with the ionic mobility and imp urities in the comp osite. Keywords: Electrical propertie s; PEO matrix; MnCl 2 filler; Composite; Impedance; Fie ld frequency; Di electric constant; AC-Conductivity; Polarization. Introduction Poly meric materials were given a gr eet interest in many industrial applications owing to their desirable char acterist ics and p rop erties which made them favorable comp ared to other commer cial materials .The vast majority of p olymers used today as p last ics, rubbers, adhesives and paints which are sy nthetic p etrochemicals [1]. The unbeatable comb ination of char acterist ics such as the ease of f abrication, low cost, light weight, ease of chemical modification and excellent insulation or good conduction p rop erties have made the p oly mer one of the most desirable materials for app lication [2]. M any studies showed that p hy sical p rop erties of p oly mers clear ly depended on many factors concernin g their p reparation methods and chemical st ructure [3]. Underst anding these dependencies and their effect on conduction mechanism wi ll h elp to a large degr ee the ability for controllin g the electrical condu ctivity , which is in turn trial the p rop er app lication. Poly (ethy lene oxide) or (PEO) is a cry stalline, homopolymer with general formula (-H2C-O-CH2-)n . PEO p oly mer is a thermop last ic water-soluble and in several or ganic solvents. The molecular conformation of it is determined by the use of X-ray diffraction techniques. The diffraction p attern of highly p rinted (PEO) film was interp reted in term of a monoclinic unit cell have dimensions, a = 7.96 A o , b= 13.11 A o and c = 19.39 A o along the direction of app lied stretch, and an angle of 124 o .48` representing the inclination between the a&c axis as shown in p icture (1). *T his research was supp orted by t he Deanship of Academic research in Universit y of Jor dan. § Corresponding author, E-mail:ayad_phy@yahoo .com IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 The thermal stabilities of cry st alline PEO-M nCl2 system depend on the salt molar ratio, the PEO molecular we ight, the choice of the solvent and the concentration, and the thermal history . The melting temp eratures also, dep end on the nature of the complexion salts. [4] The PEO p olymer has a wide range of app lication including the use as p harmaceutical recipients, food additives and plast icizers [5]. However, much p rogress was made in the electrical conduction in p olyethy lene (PEO) since the work of Wright [6]. Previous st udies were centered on the enhancement of its ionic conductivity with the aim of developing the material to have the p romising electrical app lication [6,7]. Considerable efforts focused on an app lied research in the field of polymer comp osites to turn these materials into useful p roducts for electronic industry . This is mainly because they p ossess interest ing p rop erties which can be utilized to develop a lot of related p otentials. Recently , many reports have app eared in literature d ealing with the effects of the filler concentration, frequen cy of the app lied field and temp erature on the p hy sical p rop erties of the conductive p olymer comp osite such as i mpedance, d ielectric b ehaviour and electrical conduction [8,9,10].Jamali and Zihlif [11] st udied the electrical p rop erties of PEO t reated by salt comp lexes of Dead Sea Water as KCl, NaCl and others. They found that salt comp lex enhances the electrical conductivity through the ion conduction p rocess. Ramadin and Zihlif et al [12] st udied the op toelectrical p rop erties of PEO containin g 10, 20 and 30% by weight Alum and they found that t he op tical ener gy gap decreases with the increase of the Alum content. Eid [13] studies the effect of temp erature, frequency and PEO concentration on the Ion-Selective conduction in PVC/PEO blend as membranes in electrolyte electrodes, and she found that temp erature, frequency and PEO content affect the dielectric behav iour of the blended membrane. In the p resent study , the conduction p rocess by ion exchan ge in a solid PEO/M nCl2 membran e is invest igated as a function of applied frequency and concentration. The main object of this study is givin g information concerning the electrical behav iour of PEO/M nCl2 comp osite by using the impedance sp ectroscopy which is one of the powerful techniqu es to characterize the dielectric p rop erties as we reported in several previous p ublications [12,14]. Therefore, thin films based on PEO with MnCl2 salt as a reinforcement filler were used in the p resent st udy .We believ e that this st udy is of gr eat interest for some app lications in the electrical industry by using some blended p olymeric membranes. Experime ntal Composite Preparation: The resin used in this work is p oly(ethy lene oxide) of molecular weight(M W=5 millions) was obtained from CNR(Nop oli-Italy ).Ordinarily, the salt M nCl2 was ground into fine p owder by Agate mortar and sieved by a U.S. st andard sieve of size (63 m).Poly meric thin films of thickness range(50-150) m with different salt concentrations (0,5,10,15 and 20)wt .% were obtained. All the p olymer comp osite films were p repared by cast ing from solution (cast ing method). PEO p owder was dissolved in a suitable solvent Tetrahy drofuran (THF) at (30) o C, also at the same time the salt (M nCl2) was dissolved in (THF) and at the same temperature. Later, the solution of M nCl2 was added to the dissolved p olymer at a suitable viscosity . The solutions were mixed thoroughly for (4-6) hours by using a magnetic st irrer at room temp erature until a homogenous solution is obt ained. Then the mixture was cast into a st ainless st eel ring resting on Teflon substratum and waiting for a few day s unt il the solvents have evaporated. All the samples were dried in vacuum IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 oven at 40 o C for two day s. T he drying p rocess was rep eated until prepared membranes have fixed weight to ensure the removal of solvent t races. Impedance Measurements: Impedance measurements were carried out using HP 4192A imp edance analyzer. The real and imaginary p arts of the comp lex dielectric constant were calculated from: (1) 22 ` ZfC Z o i    (2)22 `` ZfC Z o r    Where f is the frequency, Co = ( εо A/T) is the electrodes cap acitance, A the area of the disk electrode, the permitivity of the free sp ace, and T the sp ecimen thickness of the membrane. The Impedance Z is given by (Z=Z r-jZi), Where Zr, Zi are the real and the imaginary of the imp edance, resp ectively. The AC electrical conductivity (σAC) was calculated from the relation: σAC=2πƒεo ε`` (3) Results and Discussion Freque ncy dependence Impedance measurements were performed on comp osite membranes of different M nCl2 salt concentrations at room temp erature, and in the frequency range from 10Hz up to 13M Hz. Figure (1) shows the p hase angle ( ) versus frequency (on a logarithmic scale) of the app lied field at different concentrations of M nCl2 salt. It was found that all the prepared sp ecimens (thin films) have generally the same frequency effect. Also, it was observed that the p hase angle is alway s negative for all the thin films of different salt concentrations; indicating that t he sy st em is cap acitive and can be represented by p arallel cap acitive and resistive (RC) networks (15). At lower frequencies (less than 300 Hz ), accumulation of ionic imp urities, interfacial p olarization at sp ecimen-electrode interfaces, and sp ace charges in bulk voids cause st rong distortion [16]. The shift of p hase angle value ( ) towards higher negative values shows that the material becomes more cap acitive than resistive at high frequencies. It shows the shift of ( ) toward low negative values with the increase of the salt content indicates that the comp osites have become more resistive than cap acitive. This may be attributed to the existence of leakage (impurity ) current in the bulk comp osite, which would increase with salt content, or may be att ributed to hop p ing of ions by electron emission tunneling effect throughout the salt grains facilitated by the decreasing of the interdist ance between the p articles or grains as t he concentration is increased [17,18]. Figure (2 ) rep resent s t he dependence o f imp edance (p er unit length ) on frequency at room temperature for specim ens of vario us P EO-based con cent rat ion s. At lower frequencies (less t han 300 Hz), t he impedance has high values; wit h t he increase of frequency, t he imp edance decreases t o min imum values. T his behaviour is observed for mo st dielect ric mat erials as P olyst yr ene, Epoxy an d P VC. T he h igh impedance values at low frequency may result fro m t he space charge in specimens o r due t o som e st ruct ure defects (p hase boundaries and grain accumulat ion s), in addit ion t o t he elect ro de po larizat ion effect [36,38]. The specim ens wit h high salt co ncent rat ion IBN AL- HAITHAM J. FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VOL. 23 (1 ) 2010 show less disp ersion effects, which may be related to t he creation of conduction p aths throughout the salt network in the bulk. On t he other hand, at frequency above 300 Hz , the impedance drop s very quickly to att ain relatively constant values at frequency above 50 KHz. This rapid decrease of Z indicates the resp onse of the bulk with the alternating electric field. This behaviour may be att ributed to the reduction of the interfacial p olarization effect, which may exist at the electrode- sp ecimen surface or internally on the filter matrix interface [24]. It was found that the measured imp edance at the low frequency below 1 kHz , decreases rapidly below 10 Wt. % of M nCl2 concentration and slowly decreases above it at higher concentration. Above 10 kHz , the imp edance shows a slight decrease with the increase of M nCl2 concentration. This decrease in the imp edance is due to both the increase of salt concentration and the decrease of hindrance of p olymer matrix (14,39). On the other hand, the decrease in imp edance indicates that the material becomes more conductive. This behaviour may be att ributed to the increase in intrinsic ionic migration, which depends on the chemical st ructure of the material, and in case of PEO p olymer it involves p rotonic migration where p rotons are removed from the PEO molecules and transp orted through the ethereal oxy gen local segmental motions, leading to an increase in chain mobility (31). Thus, p roton migration in PEO and ion exchange of Cl – ion in M nCl2 may lead to high electrical conduction in the comp osite membrane [13,33,34]. Cole-Cole p lots are usually used as a successful tool to analyze the imp edance and dielectric data of dielectric materials. We use it here to characterize the dielectric behaviour of the PEO-M nCl2 comp osite [19]. A p lot of the real p art (Zr) and the imaginary p art (Zi) of imp edance for different salt concentrations is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen from this figure that the p lots have certain shap es that characterize many dielectric solids. The Cole-Cole construction y ields slightly inclined and distorted semicircles. The geometrical shap e of the comp lex imp edance p lane p lots indicates that the membrane cell is electrically equivalent t o (RC) networks, which reduces to a p ure resistance at both high and low frequencies [20]. Similar results were obtained by other ion-exchange electrodes [8,21,22,23]. Extrapolation of these circles would intersect the real p art-axis at different Zr values. The distance of the intersection from the origin rep resents the ohmic bulk resist ance at infinite frequency [16]. Also it can be seen that t he bulk ohmic resist ance is reduced as the salt concentration is increased, which corresp onds to the increase in the electrical conductivity . This may be related to a p ossible increase in the number of conduction paths created in the sp ecimen in addition to a decrease in the width of the p otential barriers within the bulk regions of high conductivity . Therefore, more charge carriers may be able to “hop ” by tunneling, resulting in the observed decrease in the bulk resist ance [24]. Some p hy sical p arameters can be est imated to shed some light on the conduction p rocess-taking p lace in the given membrane. For examp le, the relaxation time () was found by two methods, one of them is by locating the frequencies of maximum Zi by using Figure (3) and the equation: m ax.=1, where  = 2. The Cole-Cole p lots were ap p roximated to semicircles [25] to calculate (). The other methods for locating () by p lott ing log Zi verses log f, and log Zr verses log f, and locating the intersection point. T he intersection point determines t he frequency at which (Zr = Zi), under these conditions,  = 1 (8). The values of the relaxation time () for each semicircle are calculated by this method, and they are included in the table (1). The variation of the relaxation time () with the salt concentration is shown in figure (4), where the relaxation decreases with t he increase of the salt content. Consequently, the conductivity increases, because the transp ort p rocess would become more rapid due to the enhancement of ionic conduction, which increases with the increase of the salt content in the sample. Figure (5) represents the disp ersion of the dielectric const ant (̀ ) of the samples calculated from equation (1) with different PEO M nCl2-salt concentrations. The general trend of the curves is toward the increase of ̀ with salt concentration, similar to most conductive comp osites IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 [11,26,27]. It was observed that ̀ of all of the comp osite samples is higher than the ̀ of the p ure (PEO). At frequencies below 300 Hz , ̀ shows a sharp increase, with a rate of ( f –1 ) dependence. This may be associated with M axwell-Wanger mechanism, esp ecially the electrode p olarization effect (28). At low frequencies, accumulation of ionic imp urities, sp ace charges, and formation of an electrode-sp ecimen interface takes p lace. These effects cause a large and rapid increase in the value of ̀ [9,28,29]. At frequency above 300 Hz , ̀ decreases very slowly to att ain a constant value of ̀ . The general behaviour of ̀ , verify ing the fact that for p olar materials as (PEO) and (M nCl2), the initial value of ̀ is high, but with a rate of ( f –1 ) dependence[12,30,31]. The behaviour of the dielectric loss(̀ `) which was calculated from equation(2) against frequency is shown in Figure (6). At low frequencies (̀ `) has a high value and then it st arts to decrease at higher frequencies. The low-frequency disp ersion in (̀ `) is att ributed to charge carries, which leads to large losses at low frequencies. From the behaviour the dielectric constant (̀ ) and the dielectric loss (̀ `), one can observe a st rong frequency dependence esp ecially at low frequencies, which reflects the behaviour of the p olar materials. It is clearly seen that both (̀ ) and (̀ `) increase with salt concentration and decrease with the frequency of the electric field and they have a high value at low frequencies and a low value at high frequencies. These results suggest that p olar entities of the (PEO) are effectively op erating under the electric field. This behaviour can be understood as follows: at low frequencies, the time interval required for the molecular dipoles of the (PEO) p olymer to resp onse to the app lied electric field is sufficient. This enables these dipoles to follow the oscillating field, i.e., the orientation p olarization is high, which leads to enhance the dielectric constant values. While at high frequencies, the time interval needed for the dipoles t o resp onse to the app lied electric field is insufficient. Hence, the dipoles are unable to follow the rapid alternation of the oscillating field. In other words, the dipoles of the PEO p olymer are able to rotate in the direction of the app lied field at low frequencies, but at higher frequencies their rotations seems to be blocked in a p articular direction, i.e., the orientation p olarization drop s down greatly and leads to very small value of (̀ )and (̀ `) at high frequencies (11,23,32), which is similar to the behaviour for p olar p olymer and materials (33). However, the general disp ersion behaviour of the field PEO films reflects t he dielectric characterist ics of t he p olar semi cryst alline p olymer [12,34,35], i.e. dipole rotation or p olar p olarization. This dielectric behaviour exp lains the increasing in the AC conductivity at high concentration [36]. The AC conductivity (σA.C) was calculated from the equation (3) and p lott ed versus frequency for sp ecimens of different salt concentrations as shown in the Figure (7). It can be observed that (σA.C) for p ure PEO increases slowly with frequency. But for the other comp osite samples of salt concentrations 5, 10, 15, 20 wt .%, the (σ) increases rapidly with the increase of frequency. Also it can be seen that at high frequencies the conductivity (σA.C) increases rapidly with the increase of frequency, these results sup p ort the well known fact that the bulk A.C conductivity is induced at high frequency range, as reported p reviously by many researches on different comp osite materials [11,23, 37]. Anot her p ossibility is that at high frequencies, the dielectric loss (̀ `) is dominated by ionic conductivity p roduced from the increased electronic and ionic mobility of the existing imp urities and more ions and charges are moved [9,26]. The observed induced conductivity at high frequencies locates the given comp osite in the semi conducting level of the electronic material. The values of the tangent loss (tan ) were calculated by using the equation (tan =̀ `/ ̀ ). The behaviour of the (tan ) as a function of frequency for different salt concentrations is shown in Figure (8) .The curves indicate that certain st ructural relaxation events take p lace in the bulk of the comp osite sp ecimens. The figure shows high values of (tan ) at low frequencies. However, (tan ) exhibits some oscillatory behaviour that may be due to the structural relaxation p rocesses, IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 and the p eak depends on the relaxation time of each sp ecimen, and (tan ) decreases with the increase of the frequency when (>1), and the (tan ) decreases with the increase of the frequency when (<1). Also, it can be seen that t he peak p osition ap p ear to shift monotonically toward high frequencies, while the p eak height increases with the increase of salt concentration. These characteristics may be understood through the flow of the charge carriers that exists in the comp osite bulk [24]. On the other hand, the increase of the salt content makes the comp osite difficult to p olarize, and therefore, over heating the losses are enhanced. However, the observed behaviour seems to be just ified through the prop osed argument. Concentration De pendence: Figure (9) shows the behaviour of dielectric constant (̀ ) with salt content (wt .%) at different frequencies. It was found that ̀ for the 100 Hz increases rapidly with the increase of the salt content up to 10 wt .%. Above 10 wt .% to 15 wt .%, the dielectric constant is decreased with the increase of the salt concentration; but ̀ st arts to increase rapidly above 15 wt .% salt content. For the range frequency 300 Hz to 10 kHz , it was found that the dielectric constant increases as salt wt .% increases at all frequencies. However, at 100 kHz, the dielectric const ant is hardly increases slightly. Also, as the M nCl2 concentration increases, the low frequency dielectric disp ersion effect becomes st ronger due to ions diffusion in the membrane bulk. This disp ersion is a dominant mechanism caused by conductivity enhancement due to the increase of the salt content [16]. The behaviour of the dielectric loss (̀ `) as a function of salt wt.% at different frequencies is shown in Figure(10). It was observed that within the frequency range 100 Hz - 100 kHz , the dielectric loss increases with the increase of the salt content up to 10 wt .%. But from 10 wt.% to 15 wt .% the dielectric loss is nearly indep endent of salt concentration for all the frequencies. Above salt content 15wt .% the dielectric loss st arts to increase rapidly again. At frequency 100 kHz , the dielectric loss remains nearly constant with t he increase of the salt content. The observed results of (̀ ) and (̀ `) indicate that up to 15 wt .% of salt in (PEO) acts as an intermolecular plast icizer and is able to p enetrate the molecular bundles of p olymer, leading to chain sep aration. However, at st ill higher p ercentage of salt st ructural defects, interfacial p olarization along with the p olarization of the constituent of the comp osite sp ecimen st arts p lay ing a role, giving rise to an increase in ̀ and ̀ ` [36,39]. The sharp increase in dielectric loss (̀ `) above 15 Wt.% salt concentrations may be att ributed to a p articular p rocess which takes p lace in the comp osite structure [19,29]. Figure (11) shows the behaviour of the A.C. conductivity , calculated from equation (3), as a function of salt concentration at different frequencies. It was observed that the conductivity is enhanced with the increase of salt content; many authors reported the same behaviour on different comp osite sy st ems [10,11,23]. Generally , the observed enhancement in the dielectric constants and AC-electric conductivity with increasing of the salt content is att ributed to the ionic interaction-taking p lace in the bulk of the double electrolyte solid membrane. The bulk effect creates an excess in the movable ions and charged p articles, esp ecially the imp urities. This behaviour is p hy sically consistent, since the PEO/M nCl2 comp osite becomes more ionic with the increase of salt content. Conclusion The research work p resented in this p aper deals with the electrical p rop erties of PEO/M nCl2 comp osite. The electrical conductivity , dielectric behaviour and imp edance of these p olymeric membranes were st udied as a function of M nCl2 concentration and the ap p lied electrical field IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 frequency through the impedance technique. From the obtained results the following conclusions are drawn: 1. Frequency and M nCl2 concentration affect on the electrical and dialectical behaviour of the comp osite membranes. 2. The p hase angle takes alway s negative values for all of the samples at different salt concentrations and frequencies which indicate that t he sp ecimens can be represented by (RC) networks. 3. Both the imp edance and the dielectric behaviour showed frequency dependence, exp lained on the basis of the interfacial (sp ace charge) p olarization, dipolar p olarization and on the decrease of the hindrance of the polymer matrix. 4. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the comp osite membrane increases with the increase of M nCl2 content. 5. The comp lex imp edance p lots exhibit different mechanisms op erating in the bulk related to the relaxation times of the relaxations influenced by the frequency and salt content. 6. The peak value of (tan loss) is shifted to a higher frequency at higher M nCl2 concentration. 7. The AC conductivity increases with the increase of frequency, M nCl2 concentration due to enhancement of ionic conduction in the membrane bulk. Re ferences 1. M ort, J. (1982) Electrical prop erties of p olymer. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 2. Kohlman, R.S.; Joo, J. and Ep st ein, A.J. (1997), conducting p olymers: Electrical conductivity . 3. Perepechko, I.I. (1981) An Int roduction to p olymer p hy sics, M ir Publisher, M oscow. 4. Herman, F.; Donald, F. and Charles, G. (1982) ENCYLOBEDIA OF CHEM ICAL TECHNOLOGY 3rd edition . V(18). John Wiley &Sons .inc., New York. 5. Criag, D.; Newt on, J. and Hill, R. (1993) J. M aterials Science. New York. 6.Wright, V. (1989), J. M acromolecular. Science –Chemistry . A26 (2&3): 519–550. 7. Albinsson, I. and M ellandar, B. (1991) Polymer, New York. 8. Abu Samra, M . M . 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(1983), Ap p lied Phy sics Communications, 3(3): 225-234. 34. Giozalez, G. ;Gamargo ,J. ;Iriate and Cast ro,J.(1994) Anal letters, 27:1407 -1416 35. M omma, T.; Kakuda , S. ;Yarimizu, H. and Oska, T. (1995), Journal of Electro Chemical. Soc.,142 : 1766-1777 36. Shahin, M .; AL Haj – Abdallah ,M .; Zihlif, A. and Farris , R. (1995), Journal of Poly mer materials, 12: 1995 – 2005 37. Eid ,A. Rammadin ,Y. Zihlif ,A.(2000), J. p olymeric mater. ,47:387-397. 38. Palin ,G.R. (1982), Plast ic for Engineering,1 st edition . Pergaman .Press, Oxford. 39. Tripathi,A.K. and Pillali, P. K.(1990), p art.1 Journal of materials Science,25 : 1947 – 1951 Picture (1): the molecule conformation of poly(ethylene oxide). Whe re: represent the me thylene group and is the oxygen atom (4). Table (1): Relaxation ti me as a function of MnCl2 wt. %. M nCl2 ( wt.% )   10 -6 (sec) 0 160 5 61.2 10 27.9 15 16.4 20 1.6 IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Fig. (1): Phase Angle De pendence on Frequency for Different S alt Concentrations. Fig.(2): Variation of the Impedance with Frequency for Different S alt Concentrations. IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Fig. (3): Comple x Impedance Plots for Different Concentration of (PEO/MnCl2) Composite. Fig. (4): The Relaxation Time as a function of S alt Concentration. IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Fig.(5): The Diele ctric Constant as a Function of Frequency for Different S alt Concentrations. Fig. (6): The Variation of the Dielectric Loss as a Function of the Frequency for Di fferent Sal t Concentrations. IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Fig. (7): The AC Conductivity of PEO as a Function of the Frequency for Di fferent Sal t Concentrations. Fig. (8): The Variation of the Tangent Loss as a Function of the Frequency for Di fferent Sal t Concentrations. IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Fig. (9): The Diele ctric Constant Behavior as a Function of Different Sal t Concentration at Different Frequencies. Fig. (10): The Diele ctric Loss as a Function of Different Sal t Concentration at Di fferent Frequencies. IBN AL- HAITHAM J . FO R PURE & APPL. SC I VO L. 23 (1) 2010 Fig. (11): The AC Conductivity Behavior as a Function of Different Sal t Concentrations. 2010) 1( 23مجلة ابن الھیثم للعلوم الصرفة والتطبیقیة المجلد الخصائص الكهربائیة للمبلمر بولي أوكسید اإلثیلین المطعم بالملح كلورید المنغنیز عواد الزحلف، یحیى الرماضین، أیاد أحمد صالح جامعة بغدادإبن الهیثم،-قسم الفیزیاء ، كلیة التربیة الخالصة بــولي أوكســـید(ربائیــة لمبلمــر متراكــب مــن المبلمــرإن العمــل المقــدم فــي هــذا البحــث هــو محاولــة لدراســـة الخصــائص الكه وقـد تمــت . %20إلــى % 0بالمـدى كحشـوة و ذات تراكیــز مختلفـة داخــل القالـب) كلوریــد المنغنیـز(لـح مكقالـب ومــن ) األثیلـین ـــي نطــــاق دراســـة ســــلوك الممانعــــة الكهربائیــــة ـــترخاء لهــــذا المتراكــــب فـ ـــزل الكهربــــائي ومعامــــل الفقــــد و زمــــن االسـ وثابــــت العـ علـى الموصـلیة الكهربائیـة البحث تأثیر تراكیز الملح وتردد المجال الكهربائيفي هذا وقد درس ).میكا هرتز 13-رتزه10(التردد .المتناوبة وبعـد حسـاب ثابـت العـزل الكهربـائي وجـد أنـه یـزداد ، یة الكهربائیـةبـأن الملـح یعـزز و یزیـد التوصـیل مـن النتـائجولقـد وجـد یعـزى ذلـك لـبعض ظــواهر قــد و ، وقــد لـوحظ إعتمـاد ثـابتي العــزل والممانعـة الكهربائیـة علـى التـردد، بزیـادة تركیـز الملـح المسـتخدم یــؤدي إلـــى نقصــان زمـــن علـــى العینــة التــردد المســلطفزیــادة تركیــز الملـــح و . هــذا المبلمـــرالعالیــة لقطبیـــة لول اإلســتقطاب المعقــدة .لتأثیر الحركة األیونیة و وجود الشوائب في المتراكب اإلسترخاء للمتراكب المحضر مختبریاً