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PUNCT iajs-3381 2 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 2 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 2 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 2 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 2 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 2 6 ibn ibn PROPN iajs-3381 2 7 al al PROPN iajs-3381 2 8 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 2 9 haitham haitham PROPN iajs-3381 2 10 journal journal PROPN iajs-3381 2 11 for for ADP iajs-3381 2 12 pure pure ADJ iajs-3381 2 13 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 2 14 applied applied ADJ iajs-3381 2 15 sciences sciences PROPN iajs-3381 2 16 journal journal PROPN iajs-3381 2 17 homepage homepage NOUN iajs-3381 2 18 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 2 19 jih.uobaghdad.edu.iq jih.uobaghdad.edu.iq NOUN iajs-3381 2 20 pissn pissn ADJ iajs-3381 2 21 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 2 22 1609 1609 NUM iajs-3381 2 23 - - SYM iajs-3381 2 24 4042 4042 NUM iajs-3381 2 25 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 2 26 eissn eissn NOUN iajs-3381 2 27 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 2 28 2521 2521 NUM iajs-3381 2 29 - - SYM iajs-3381 2 30 3407 3407 NUM iajs-3381 2 31 hadi hadi PROPN iajs-3381 2 32 j.m j.m PROPN iajs-3381 2 33 . . PROPN iajs-3381 2 34 al al PROPN iajs-3381 2 35 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 2 36 agealy1 agealy1 PROPN iajs-3381 2 37 * * PROPN iajs-3381 2 38 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 2 39 hossain hossain PROPN iajs-3381 2 40 milani milani PROPN iajs-3381 2 41 moghaddam2 moghaddam2 PROPN iajs-3381 2 42 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 2 43 mudhafar mudhafar ADJ iajs-3381 2 44 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 2 45 ali3 ali3 PROPN iajs-3381 2 46 1department 1department NUM iajs-3381 2 47 of of ADP iajs-3381 2 48 physics physics NOUN iajs-3381 2 49 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 2 50 college college NOUN iajs-3381 2 51 of of ADP iajs-3381 2 52 education education NOUN iajs-3381 2 53 for for ADP iajs-3381 2 54 pure pure ADJ iajs-3381 2 55 science science NOUN iajs-3381 2 56 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 2 57 ibn ibn PROPN iajs-3381 2 58 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 2 59 al al PROPN iajs-3381 2 60 haitham haitham PROPN iajs-3381 2 61 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 2 62 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 2 63 university university NOUN iajs-3381 2 64 of of ADP iajs-3381 2 65 baghdad baghdad PROPN iajs-3381 2 66 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 2 67 baghdad baghdad PROPN iajs-3381 2 68 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 2 69 iraq iraq PROPN iajs-3381 2 70 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 3 1 2,3department 2,3department NUM iajs-3381 3 2 of of ADP iajs-3381 3 3 solid solid ADJ iajs-3381 3 4 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 3 5 state state NOUN iajs-3381 3 6 physics physics NOUN iajs-3381 3 7 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 3 8 faculty faculty NOUN iajs-3381 3 9 of of ADP iajs-3381 3 10 basic basic ADJ iajs-3381 3 11 sciences science NOUN iajs-3381 3 12 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 3 13 university university NOUN iajs-3381 3 14 of of ADP iajs-3381 3 15 mazandaran mazandaran PROPN iajs-3381 3 16 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 3 17 babolsar babolsar PROPN iajs-3381 3 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 3 19 iran iran PROPN iajs-3381 3 20 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 4 1 * * PUNCT iajs-3381 4 2 corresponding correspond VERB iajs-3381 4 3 author author NOUN iajs-3381 4 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 5 1 received receive VERB iajs-3381 5 2 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 5 3 5 5 NUM iajs-3381 5 4 april april PROPN iajs-3381 5 5 2023 2023 NUM iajs-3381 5 6 accepted accept VERB iajs-3381 5 7 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 5 8 8 8 NUM iajs-3381 5 9 may may PROPN iajs-3381 5 10 2023 2023 NUM iajs-3381 5 11 published publish VERB iajs-3381 5 12 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 5 13 20 20 NUM iajs-3381 5 14 april april PROPN iajs-3381 5 15 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 5 16 abstract abstract ADJ iajs-3381 5 17 abstract abstract NOUN iajs-3381 5 18 a a DET iajs-3381 5 19 theoretical theoretical ADJ iajs-3381 5 20 study study NOUN iajs-3381 5 21 of of ADP iajs-3381 5 22 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 5 23 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 5 24 based base VERB iajs-3381 5 25 on on ADP iajs-3381 5 26 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 5 27 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 5 28 using use VERB iajs-3381 5 29 quantum quantum ADJ iajs-3381 5 30 model model NOUN iajs-3381 5 31 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 5 32 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 5 33 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 5 34 sensitized sensitize VERB iajs-3381 5 35 contact contact NOUN iajs-3381 5 36 with with ADP iajs-3381 5 37 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 5 38 in in ADP iajs-3381 5 39 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 5 40 cells cell NOUN iajs-3381 5 41 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 6 1 the the DET iajs-3381 6 2 current current ADJ iajs-3381 6 3 density density NOUN iajs-3381 6 4 expression expression NOUN iajs-3381 6 5 used use VERB iajs-3381 6 6 to to PART iajs-3381 6 7 calculate calculate VERB iajs-3381 6 8 the the DET iajs-3381 6 9 photovoltaic photovoltaic NOUN iajs-3381 6 10 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 6 11 is be AUX iajs-3381 6 12 assumed assume VERB iajs-3381 6 13 to to PART iajs-3381 6 14 be be AUX iajs-3381 6 15 a a DET iajs-3381 6 16 continuum continuum ADJ iajs-3381 6 17 level level NOUN iajs-3381 6 18 of of ADP iajs-3381 6 19 the the DET iajs-3381 6 20 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 6 21 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 6 22 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 6 23 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 6 24 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 6 25 in in ADP iajs-3381 6 26 the the DET iajs-3381 6 27 heterojunction heterojunction NOUN iajs-3381 6 28 n719 n719 X iajs-3381 6 29 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 6 30 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 6 31 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 6 32 using use VERB iajs-3381 6 33 the the DET iajs-3381 6 34 matlab matlab PROPN iajs-3381 6 35 program program NOUN iajs-3381 6 36 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 7 1 the the DET iajs-3381 7 2 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 7 3 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 7 4 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 7 5 current current ADJ iajs-3381 7 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 7 7 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 7 8 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 7 9 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 7 10 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 7 11 efficiency efficiency NOUN iajs-3381 7 12 of of ADP iajs-3381 7 13 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 7 14 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 7 15 tio2 tio2 ADJ iajs-3381 7 16 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 7 17 are be AUX iajs-3381 7 18 calculated calculate VERB iajs-3381 7 19 based base VERB iajs-3381 7 20 on on ADP iajs-3381 7 21 quantum quantum ADJ iajs-3381 7 22 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 7 23 theory theory NOUN iajs-3381 7 24 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 8 1 the the DET iajs-3381 8 2 performance performance NOUN iajs-3381 8 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 8 4 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 8 5 photovoltaic photovoltaic PROPN iajs-3381 8 6 was be AUX iajs-3381 8 7 estimated estimate VERB iajs-3381 8 8 based base VERB iajs-3381 8 9 on on ADP iajs-3381 8 10 the the DET iajs-3381 8 11 i i PROPN iajs-3381 8 12 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 8 13 v v PROPN iajs-3381 8 14 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 8 15 of of ADP iajs-3381 8 16 the the DET iajs-3381 8 17 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 8 18 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 8 19 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 8 20 device device NOUN iajs-3381 8 21 using use VERB iajs-3381 8 22 concentrations concentration NOUN iajs-3381 8 23 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 8 24 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 8 25 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 8 26 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 8 27 π‘π‘šβˆ’3 π‘π‘šβˆ’3 NOUN iajs-3381 8 28 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 8 29 at at ADP iajs-3381 8 30 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 8 31 100 100 NUM iajs-3381 8 32 mw mw ADJ iajs-3381 8 33 / / SYM iajs-3381 8 34 cm2 cm2 NOUN iajs-3381 8 35 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 8 36 irradiation irradiation NOUN iajs-3381 8 37 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 9 1 the the DET iajs-3381 9 2 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 9 3 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 9 4 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 9 5 device device NOUN iajs-3381 9 6 with with ADP iajs-3381 9 7 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 9 8 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 9 9 at at ADP iajs-3381 9 10 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 9 11 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 9 12 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 9 13 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 9 14 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 NUM iajs-3381 9 15 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 9 16 shows show VERB iajs-3381 9 17 0.8299 0.8299 NUM iajs-3381 9 18 v v NOUN iajs-3381 9 19 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 9 20 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 9 21 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 9 22 37.3034 37.3034 NUM iajs-3381 9 23 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 9 24 / / SYM iajs-3381 9 25 cm2 cm2 NOUN iajs-3381 9 26 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 9 27 of of ADP iajs-3381 9 28 open open ADJ iajs-3381 9 29 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 9 30 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 9 31 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 9 32 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 9 33 short short ADJ iajs-3381 9 34 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 9 35 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 9 36 current current ADJ iajs-3381 9 37 respectively respectively ADV iajs-3381 9 38 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 9 39 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 9 40 of of ADP iajs-3381 9 41 0.206 0.206 NUM iajs-3381 9 42 compared compare VERB iajs-3381 9 43 to to ADP iajs-3381 9 44 the the DET iajs-3381 9 45 open open ADJ iajs-3381 9 46 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 9 47 of of ADP iajs-3381 9 48 0.8398 0.8398 NUM iajs-3381 9 49 v v NOUN iajs-3381 9 50 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 9 51 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 9 52 87.5728 87.5728 NUM iajs-3381 9 53 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 9 54 / / SYM iajs-3381 9 55 cm2 cm2 NOUN iajs-3381 9 56 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 9 57 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 9 58 short short ADJ iajs-3381 9 59 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 9 60 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 9 61 current current NOUN iajs-3381 9 62 with with ADP iajs-3381 9 63 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 9 64 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 9 65 of of ADP iajs-3381 9 66 0.257 0.257 NUM iajs-3381 9 67 at at ADP iajs-3381 9 68 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 9 69 of of ADP iajs-3381 9 70 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 9 71 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 9 72 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 9 73 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 9 74 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 NUM iajs-3381 9 75 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 9 76 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 10 1 current current ADJ iajs-3381 10 2 density density NOUN iajs-3381 10 3 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 10 4 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 10 5 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 10 6 at at ADP iajs-3381 10 7 limited limited ADJ iajs-3381 10 8 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 10 9 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 10 10 increase increase NOUN iajs-3381 10 11 with with ADP iajs-3381 10 12 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 10 13 the the DET iajs-3381 10 14 coupling coupling NOUN iajs-3381 10 15 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 10 16 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 10 17 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 10 18 of of ADP iajs-3381 10 19 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 10 20 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 10 21 hetero hetero NOUN iajs-3381 10 22 junction junction NOUN iajs-3381 10 23 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 10 24 vice vice NOUN iajs-3381 10 25 versa versa ADV iajs-3381 10 26 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 11 1 keywords keyword NOUN iajs-3381 11 2 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 11 3 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 11 4 characteristic characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 11 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 11 6 tio tio NOUN iajs-3381 11 7 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 11 8 -n719 -n719 PROPN iajs-3381 11 9 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 11 10 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 11 11 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 11 12 sensitized sensitize VERB iajs-3381 11 13 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 11 14 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 11 15 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 11 16 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 12 1 1 1 X iajs-3381 12 2 . . X iajs-3381 12 3 introduction introduction NOUN iajs-3381 12 4 concerns concern NOUN iajs-3381 12 5 around around ADP iajs-3381 12 6 climate climate NOUN iajs-3381 12 7 change change NOUN iajs-3381 12 8 as as ADP iajs-3381 12 9 a a DET iajs-3381 12 10 result result NOUN iajs-3381 12 11 of of ADP iajs-3381 12 12 rising rise VERB iajs-3381 12 13 carbon carbon NOUN iajs-3381 12 14 dioxide dioxide NOUN iajs-3381 12 15 levels level NOUN iajs-3381 12 16 in in ADP iajs-3381 12 17 the the DET iajs-3381 12 18 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN iajs-3381 12 19 using use VERB iajs-3381 12 20 fossil fossil ADJ iajs-3381 12 21 fuels fuel NOUN iajs-3381 12 22 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 12 23 the the DET iajs-3381 12 24 increased increase VERB iajs-3381 12 25 demand demand NOUN iajs-3381 12 26 for for ADP iajs-3381 12 27 electricity electricity NOUN iajs-3381 12 28 due due ADP iajs-3381 12 29 to to ADP iajs-3381 12 30 an an DET iajs-3381 12 31 ever ever ADV iajs-3381 12 32 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 12 33 growing grow VERB iajs-3381 12 34 population population NOUN iajs-3381 12 35 necessitate necessitate ADJ iajs-3381 12 36 an an DET iajs-3381 12 37 effort effort NOUN iajs-3381 12 38 to to PART iajs-3381 12 39 move move VERB iajs-3381 12 40 away away ADV iajs-3381 12 41 from from ADP iajs-3381 12 42 the the DET iajs-3381 12 43 classical classical ADJ iajs-3381 12 44 methods method NOUN iajs-3381 12 45 of of ADP iajs-3381 12 46 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 12 47 production production NOUN iajs-3381 12 48 [ [ X iajs-3381 12 49 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 12 50 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 12 51 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 13 1 the the DET iajs-3381 13 2 necessity necessity NOUN iajs-3381 13 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 13 4 switching switch VERB iajs-3381 13 5 to to PART iajs-3381 13 6 renewable renewable VERB iajs-3381 13 7 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 13 8 to to PART iajs-3381 13 9 produce produce VERB iajs-3381 13 10 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 13 11 is be AUX iajs-3381 13 12 urgent urgent ADJ iajs-3381 13 13 today today NOUN iajs-3381 13 14 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 14 1 we we PRON iajs-3381 14 2 can can AUX iajs-3381 14 3 harness harness VERB iajs-3381 14 4 alternative alternative ADJ iajs-3381 14 5 sources source NOUN iajs-3381 14 6 for for ADP iajs-3381 14 7 providing provide VERB iajs-3381 14 8 a a DET iajs-3381 14 9 sustainable sustainable ADJ iajs-3381 14 10 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 14 11 clean clean ADJ iajs-3381 14 12 future future NOUN iajs-3381 14 13 using use VERB iajs-3381 14 14 sunlight sunlight NOUN iajs-3381 14 15 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 14 16 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 15 1 within within ADP iajs-3381 15 2 this this DET iajs-3381 15 3 context context NOUN iajs-3381 15 4 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 15 5 it it PRON iajs-3381 15 6 is be AUX iajs-3381 15 7 accessible accessible ADJ iajs-3381 15 8 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 15 9 eco eco NOUN iajs-3381 15 10 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 15 11 friendly friendly ADJ iajs-3381 15 12 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 15 13 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 15 14 universal universal ADJ iajs-3381 15 15 [ [ X iajs-3381 15 16 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 15 17 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 15 18 . . 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PUNCT iajs-3381 21 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 21 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 21 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 21 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 21 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 21 6 184 184 NUM iajs-3381 21 7 manufacture manufacture NOUN iajs-3381 21 8 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 21 9 low low ADJ iajs-3381 21 10 costs cost NOUN iajs-3381 21 11 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 21 12 eco eco PROPN iajs-3381 21 13 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 21 14 friendliness friendliness ADJ iajs-3381 21 15 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 21 16 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 21 17 high high ADJ iajs-3381 21 18 conversion conversion NOUN iajs-3381 21 19 efficiency efficiency NOUN iajs-3381 21 20 [ [ X iajs-3381 21 21 5 5 NUM iajs-3381 21 22 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 21 23 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 22 1 the the DET iajs-3381 22 2 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 22 3 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 22 4 sensitized sensitize VERB iajs-3381 22 5 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 22 6 cells cell NOUN iajs-3381 22 7 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 22 8 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 22 9 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 22 10 are be AUX iajs-3381 22 11 third third ADJ iajs-3381 22 12 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 22 13 generation generation NOUN iajs-3381 22 14 photo photo NOUN iajs-3381 22 15 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 22 16 electrochemical electrochemical ADJ iajs-3381 22 17 cells cell NOUN iajs-3381 22 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 22 19 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 22 20 the the DET iajs-3381 22 21 photoactive photoactive ADJ iajs-3381 22 22 electrodes electrode NOUN iajs-3381 22 23 are be AUX iajs-3381 22 24 metal metal NOUN iajs-3381 22 25 oxide oxide NOUN iajs-3381 22 26 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 22 27 liquid liquid ADJ iajs-3381 22 28 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 22 29 state state NOUN iajs-3381 22 30 electrolytes electrolyte NOUN iajs-3381 22 31 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 23 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 23 2 the the DET iajs-3381 23 3 last last ADJ iajs-3381 23 4 decade decade NOUN iajs-3381 23 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 23 6 dssc dssc NOUN iajs-3381 23 7 has have AUX iajs-3381 23 8 attracted attract VERB iajs-3381 23 9 considerably considerably ADV iajs-3381 23 10 more more ADJ iajs-3381 23 11 interest interest NOUN iajs-3381 23 12 because because SCONJ iajs-3381 23 13 of of ADP iajs-3381 23 14 its its PRON iajs-3381 23 15 low low ADJ iajs-3381 23 16 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 23 17 cost cost NOUN iajs-3381 23 18 production production NOUN iajs-3381 23 19 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 23 20 ease ease NOUN iajs-3381 23 21 of of ADP iajs-3381 23 22 process process NOUN iajs-3381 23 23 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 23 24 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 23 25 high high ADJ iajs-3381 23 26 photoelectrochemical photoelectrochemical ADJ iajs-3381 23 27 performance performance NOUN iajs-3381 23 28 [ [ X iajs-3381 23 29 6 6 NUM iajs-3381 23 30 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 23 31 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 24 1 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 24 2 is be AUX iajs-3381 24 3 one one NUM iajs-3381 24 4 of of ADP iajs-3381 24 5 the the DET iajs-3381 24 6 oxide oxide NOUN iajs-3381 24 7 semiconductors semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 24 8 with with ADP iajs-3381 24 9 broadband broadband NOUN iajs-3381 24 10 gaps gap NOUN iajs-3381 24 11 used use VERB iajs-3381 24 12 as as ADP iajs-3381 24 13 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 24 14 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 24 15 adsorbed adsorb VERB iajs-3381 24 16 in in ADP iajs-3381 24 17 the the DET iajs-3381 24 18 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 24 19 technology technology NOUN iajs-3381 24 20 that that PRON iajs-3381 24 21 's be AUX iajs-3381 24 22 renewed renew VERB iajs-3381 24 23 by by ADP iajs-3381 24 24 the the DET iajs-3381 24 25 redox redox NOUN iajs-3381 24 26 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 24 27 coupled couple VERB iajs-3381 24 28 electrolyte electrolyte ADJ iajs-3381 24 29 solution solution NOUN iajs-3381 24 30 [ [ X iajs-3381 24 31 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 24 32 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 24 33 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 25 1 the the DET iajs-3381 25 2 active active ADJ iajs-3381 25 3 medium medium NOUN iajs-3381 25 4 usually usually ADV iajs-3381 25 5 consists consist VERB iajs-3381 25 6 of of ADP iajs-3381 25 7 a a DET iajs-3381 25 8 donor donor NOUN iajs-3381 25 9 state state NOUN iajs-3381 25 10 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 25 11 organic organic ADJ iajs-3381 25 12 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 25 13 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 25 14 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 25 15 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 25 16 an an DET iajs-3381 25 17 acceptor acceptor NOUN iajs-3381 25 18 state state NOUN iajs-3381 25 19 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 25 20 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 25 21 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 26 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 26 2 8 8 NUM iajs-3381 26 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 26 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 27 1 the the DET iajs-3381 27 2 basic basic ADJ iajs-3381 27 3 reaction reaction NOUN iajs-3381 27 4 process process NOUN iajs-3381 27 5 in in ADP iajs-3381 27 6 molecule molecule NOUN iajs-3381 27 7 contact contact NOUN iajs-3381 27 8 with with ADP iajs-3381 27 9 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 27 10 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 27 11 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 27 12 is be AUX iajs-3381 27 13 the the DET iajs-3381 27 14 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 27 15 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 27 16 reaction reaction NOUN iajs-3381 27 17 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 27 18 electrons electron NOUN iajs-3381 27 19 are be AUX iajs-3381 27 20 moving move VERB iajs-3381 27 21 between between ADP iajs-3381 27 22 the the DET iajs-3381 27 23 donor donor NOUN iajs-3381 27 24 state state NOUN iajs-3381 27 25 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 27 26 the the DET iajs-3381 27 27 acceptor acceptor NOUN iajs-3381 27 28 state state NOUN iajs-3381 27 29 [ [ X iajs-3381 27 30 9 9 NUM iajs-3381 27 31 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 27 32 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 28 1 the the DET iajs-3381 28 2 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 28 3 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 28 4 is be AUX iajs-3381 28 5 the the DET iajs-3381 28 6 main main ADJ iajs-3381 28 7 process process NOUN iajs-3381 28 8 in in ADP iajs-3381 28 9 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 28 10 that that PRON iajs-3381 28 11 occurs occur VERB iajs-3381 28 12 in in ADP iajs-3381 28 13 the the DET iajs-3381 28 14 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 28 15 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 28 16 system system NOUN iajs-3381 28 17 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 29 1 therefore therefore ADV iajs-3381 29 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 29 3 the the DET iajs-3381 29 4 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 29 5 occurs occur VERB iajs-3381 29 6 under under ADP iajs-3381 29 7 the the DET iajs-3381 29 8 assumed assumed ADJ iajs-3381 29 9 alignment alignment NOUN iajs-3381 29 10 of of ADP iajs-3381 29 11 the the DET iajs-3381 29 12 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 29 13 levels level NOUN iajs-3381 29 14 of of ADP iajs-3381 29 15 both both CCONJ iajs-3381 29 16 the the DET iajs-3381 29 17 donor donor NOUN iajs-3381 29 18 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 29 19 acceptor acceptor NOUN iajs-3381 29 20 states state NOUN iajs-3381 29 21 in in ADP iajs-3381 29 22 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 29 23 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 29 24 [ [ X iajs-3381 29 25 10 10 NUM iajs-3381 29 26 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 29 27 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 30 1 the the DET iajs-3381 30 2 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 30 3 sensitized sensitize VERB iajs-3381 30 4 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 30 5 is be AUX iajs-3381 30 6 widely widely ADV iajs-3381 30 7 used use VERB iajs-3381 30 8 in in ADP iajs-3381 30 9 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 30 10 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 30 11 cells cell NOUN iajs-3381 30 12 according accord VERB iajs-3381 30 13 to to ADP iajs-3381 30 14 its its PRON iajs-3381 30 15 many many ADJ iajs-3381 30 16 best good ADJ iajs-3381 30 17 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 30 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 30 19 such such ADJ iajs-3381 30 20 as as ADP iajs-3381 30 21 optical optical ADJ iajs-3381 30 22 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 30 23 electrochemical electrochemical ADJ iajs-3381 30 24 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 30 25 synthesis synthesis NOUN iajs-3381 30 26 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 30 27 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 30 28 photovoltaic photovoltaic NOUN iajs-3381 30 29 properties property NOUN iajs-3381 30 30 [ [ X iajs-3381 30 31 11 11 NUM iajs-3381 30 32 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 30 33 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 31 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 31 2 recent recent ADJ iajs-3381 31 3 decades decade NOUN iajs-3381 31 4 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 31 5 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 31 6 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 31 7 theory theory NOUN iajs-3381 31 8 has have AUX iajs-3381 31 9 been be AUX iajs-3381 31 10 developed develop VERB iajs-3381 31 11 using use VERB iajs-3381 31 12 different different ADJ iajs-3381 31 13 tools tool NOUN iajs-3381 31 14 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 31 15 analytical analytical ADJ iajs-3381 31 16 theory theory NOUN iajs-3381 31 17 methods method NOUN iajs-3381 31 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 31 19 time time NOUN iajs-3381 31 20 resolution resolution NOUN iajs-3381 31 21 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 31 22 spectroscopy spectroscopy NOUN iajs-3381 31 23 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 31 24 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 31 25 computer computer NOUN iajs-3381 31 26 simulation simulation NOUN iajs-3381 32 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 32 2 12 12 NUM iajs-3381 32 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 32 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 33 1 hadi hadi PROPN iajs-3381 33 2 et et PROPN iajs-3381 33 3 al al PROPN iajs-3381 33 4 . . PROPN iajs-3381 33 5 studied study VERB iajs-3381 33 6 the the DET iajs-3381 33 7 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 33 8 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 33 9 process process NOUN iajs-3381 33 10 in in ADP iajs-3381 33 11 heterostructure heterostructure NOUN iajs-3381 33 12 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 33 13 according accord VERB iajs-3381 33 14 to to ADP iajs-3381 33 15 the the DET iajs-3381 33 16 orientation orientation NOUN iajs-3381 33 17 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 33 18 under under ADP iajs-3381 33 19 the the DET iajs-3381 33 20 alignment alignment NOUN iajs-3381 33 21 of of ADP iajs-3381 33 22 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 33 23 states state NOUN iajs-3381 33 24 for for ADP iajs-3381 33 25 materials material NOUN iajs-3381 33 26 in in ADP iajs-3381 33 27 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 33 28 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 33 29 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 34 1 electrons electron NOUN iajs-3381 34 2 ' ' PART iajs-3381 34 3 move move NOUN iajs-3381 34 4 from from ADP iajs-3381 34 5 one one NUM iajs-3381 34 6 state state NOUN iajs-3381 34 7 to to ADP iajs-3381 34 8 another another PRON iajs-3381 34 9 is be AUX iajs-3381 34 10 required require VERB iajs-3381 34 11 to to PART iajs-3381 34 12 close close VERB iajs-3381 34 13 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 34 14 levels level NOUN iajs-3381 34 15 in in ADP iajs-3381 34 16 both both DET iajs-3381 34 17 materials material NOUN iajs-3381 34 18 [ [ X iajs-3381 34 19 13 13 NUM iajs-3381 34 20 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 34 21 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 35 1 the the DET iajs-3381 35 2 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 35 3 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 35 4 in in ADP iajs-3381 35 5 heterostructure heterostructure NOUN iajs-3381 35 6 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 35 7 depends depend VERB iajs-3381 35 8 on on ADP iajs-3381 35 9 the the DET iajs-3381 35 10 orientation orientation NOUN iajs-3381 35 11 of of ADP iajs-3381 35 12 the the DET iajs-3381 35 13 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 35 14 state state NOUN iajs-3381 35 15 in in ADP iajs-3381 35 16 both both CCONJ iajs-3381 35 17 the the DET iajs-3381 35 18 donor donor NOUN iajs-3381 35 19 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 35 20 acceptor acceptor NOUN iajs-3381 35 21 states state NOUN iajs-3381 35 22 of of ADP iajs-3381 35 23 contact contact NOUN iajs-3381 35 24 [ [ X iajs-3381 35 25 14 14 NUM iajs-3381 35 26 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 35 27 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 36 1 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 36 2 contain contain VERB iajs-3381 36 3 a a DET iajs-3381 36 4 sensitizer sensitizer NOUN iajs-3381 36 5 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 36 6 that that PRON iajs-3381 36 7 absorbs absorb VERB iajs-3381 36 8 sunlight sunlight NOUN iajs-3381 36 9 to to PART iajs-3381 36 10 excite excite VERB iajs-3381 36 11 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 36 12 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 36 13 electrons electron NOUN iajs-3381 36 14 are be AUX iajs-3381 36 15 moved move VERB iajs-3381 36 16 into into ADP iajs-3381 36 17 the the DET iajs-3381 36 18 conduction conduction NOUN iajs-3381 36 19 band band NOUN iajs-3381 36 20 of of ADP iajs-3381 36 21 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 36 22 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 37 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 37 2 general general ADJ iajs-3381 37 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 37 4 the the DET iajs-3381 37 5 ruthenium ruthenium NOUN iajs-3381 37 6 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 37 7 sensitizer sensitizer NOUN iajs-3381 37 8 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 37 9 has have VERB iajs-3381 37 10 the the DET iajs-3381 37 11 best good ADJ iajs-3381 37 12 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 37 13 stability stability NOUN iajs-3381 37 14 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 37 15 transportability transportability NOUN iajs-3381 37 16 to to PART iajs-3381 37 17 be be AUX iajs-3381 37 18 used use VERB iajs-3381 37 19 in in ADP iajs-3381 37 20 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 38 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 38 2 15 15 NUM iajs-3381 38 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 38 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 39 1 more more ADJ iajs-3381 39 2 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 39 3 is be AUX iajs-3381 39 4 being be AUX iajs-3381 39 5 used use VERB iajs-3381 39 6 as as ADP iajs-3381 39 7 a a DET iajs-3381 39 8 photoanode photoanode NOUN iajs-3381 39 9 for for ADP iajs-3381 39 10 dssc dssc NOUN iajs-3381 39 11 because because SCONJ iajs-3381 39 12 it it PRON iajs-3381 39 13 has have VERB iajs-3381 39 14 a a DET iajs-3381 39 15 large large ADJ iajs-3381 39 16 surface surface NOUN iajs-3381 39 17 area area NOUN iajs-3381 39 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 39 19 is be AUX iajs-3381 39 20 chemically chemically ADV iajs-3381 39 21 stable stable ADJ iajs-3381 39 22 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 39 23 has have VERB iajs-3381 39 24 large large ADJ iajs-3381 39 25 catalyst catalyst NOUN iajs-3381 39 26 band band NOUN iajs-3381 39 27 edges edge NOUN iajs-3381 39 28 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 39 29 is be AUX iajs-3381 39 30 not not PART iajs-3381 39 31 toxic toxic ADJ iajs-3381 39 32 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 39 33 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 39 34 has have VERB iajs-3381 39 35 low low ADJ iajs-3381 39 36 recombination recombination NOUN iajs-3381 40 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 40 2 16 16 NUM iajs-3381 40 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 40 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 41 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 41 2 recent recent ADJ iajs-3381 41 3 years year NOUN iajs-3381 41 4 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 41 5 the the DET iajs-3381 41 6 development development NOUN iajs-3381 41 7 of of ADP iajs-3381 41 8 device device NOUN iajs-3381 41 9 structures structure NOUN iajs-3381 41 10 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 41 11 redox redox ADJ iajs-3381 41 12 mediators mediator NOUN iajs-3381 41 13 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 41 14 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 41 15 sensitizers sensitizer NOUN iajs-3381 41 16 has have AUX iajs-3381 41 17 improved improve VERB iajs-3381 41 18 the the DET iajs-3381 41 19 performance performance NOUN iajs-3381 41 20 of of ADP iajs-3381 41 21 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 42 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 42 2 17 17 NUM iajs-3381 42 3 ] ] SYM iajs-3381 42 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 43 1 di di NOUN iajs-3381 43 2 - - NOUN iajs-3381 43 3 tetrabutylammonium tetrabutylammonium NOUN iajs-3381 43 4 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 43 5 cis cis NOUN iajs-3381 43 6 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 43 7 bis bis ADJ iajs-3381 43 8 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 43 9 isothiocyanato isothiocyanato NOUN iajs-3381 43 10 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 43 11 bis bis NOUN iajs-3381 43 12 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 43 13 2,2β€²-bipyridyl 2,2β€²-bipyridyl NUM iajs-3381 43 14 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 43 15 dicarboxylato dicarboxylato ADJ iajs-3381 43 16 4,4β€² 4,4β€² NUM iajs-3381 43 17 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 43 18 n719rhenium(ii n719rhenium(ii NOUN iajs-3381 43 19 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 43 20 sensitizers sensitizer NOUN iajs-3381 43 21 are be AUX iajs-3381 43 22 one one NUM iajs-3381 43 23 of of ADP iajs-3381 43 24 the the DET iajs-3381 43 25 appropriate appropriate ADJ iajs-3381 43 26 sensitizer sensitizer NOUN iajs-3381 43 27 molecules molecule NOUN iajs-3381 43 28 with with ADP iajs-3381 43 29 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 44 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 44 2 18 18 NUM iajs-3381 44 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 44 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 45 1 figure figure NOUN iajs-3381 45 2 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 45 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 45 4 illustrates illustrate VERB iajs-3381 45 5 the the DET iajs-3381 45 6 chemical chemical ADJ iajs-3381 45 7 structure structure NOUN iajs-3381 45 8 of of ADP iajs-3381 45 9 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 46 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 46 2 19 19 NUM iajs-3381 46 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 46 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 47 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 47 2 this this DET iajs-3381 47 3 work work NOUN iajs-3381 47 4 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 47 5 the the DET iajs-3381 47 6 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 47 7 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 47 8 of of ADP iajs-3381 47 9 the the DET iajs-3381 47 10 n719tio2 n719tio2 NUM iajs-3381 47 11 heterojunction heterojunction NOUN iajs-3381 47 12 have have AUX iajs-3381 47 13 been be AUX iajs-3381 47 14 studied study VERB iajs-3381 47 15 theoretically theoretically ADV iajs-3381 47 16 based base VERB iajs-3381 47 17 on on ADP iajs-3381 47 18 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 47 19 theory theory NOUN iajs-3381 47 20 according accord VERB iajs-3381 47 21 to to ADP iajs-3381 47 22 the the DET iajs-3381 47 23 quantum quantum ADJ iajs-3381 47 24 model model NOUN iajs-3381 47 25 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 48 1 figure figure NOUN iajs-3381 48 2 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 48 3 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 49 1 structure structure NOUN iajs-3381 49 2 of of ADP iajs-3381 49 3 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 49 4 sensitised sensitise VERB iajs-3381 49 5 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 49 6 [ [ X iajs-3381 49 7 19 19 NUM iajs-3381 49 8 ] ] SYM iajs-3381 49 9 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 49 10 . . X iajs-3381 49 11 theory theory NOUN iajs-3381 49 12 the the DET iajs-3381 49 13 probability probability NOUN iajs-3381 49 14 of of ADP iajs-3381 49 15 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 49 16 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 49 17 per per ADP iajs-3381 49 18 unit unit NOUN iajs-3381 49 19 time time NOUN iajs-3381 49 20 from from ADP iajs-3381 49 21 one one NUM iajs-3381 49 22 state state NOUN iajs-3381 49 23 to to ADP iajs-3381 49 24 another another DET iajs-3381 49 25 state state NOUN iajs-3381 49 26 in in ADP iajs-3381 49 27 hetrojunction hetrojunction NOUN iajs-3381 49 28 ihjpas ihjpas PROPN iajs-3381 49 29 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 50 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 50 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 50 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 50 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 50 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 50 6 185 185 NUM iajs-3381 50 7 may may AUX iajs-3381 50 8 be be AUX iajs-3381 50 9 given give VERB iajs-3381 50 10 as as ADP iajs-3381 50 11 [ [ X iajs-3381 50 12 20 20 NUM iajs-3381 50 13 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 50 14 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 51 1 𝑇𝐷 𝑇𝐷 PROPN iajs-3381 51 2 𝐴(𝐸 𝐴(𝐸 PROPN iajs-3381 51 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 51 4 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 52 1 βˆ‘ βˆ‘ PUNCT iajs-3381 52 2 4πœ‹2 4πœ‹2 NUM iajs-3381 52 3 β„Ž β„Ž PROPN iajs-3381 52 4 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 PROPN iajs-3381 52 5 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 NUM iajs-3381 52 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 52 7 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 52 8 1 1 X iajs-3381 52 9 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 52 10 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 52 11 β„Ž β„Ž PROPN iajs-3381 52 12 is be AUX iajs-3381 52 13 planck planck NOUN iajs-3381 52 14 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 52 15 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 52 16 𝐻𝐢 𝐻𝐢 PROPN iajs-3381 52 17 is be AUX iajs-3381 52 18 the the DET iajs-3381 52 19 coupling coupling NOUN iajs-3381 52 20 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 52 21 between between ADP iajs-3381 52 22 materials material NOUN iajs-3381 52 23 in in ADP iajs-3381 52 24 hetro hetro VERB iajs-3381 52 25 junction junction NOUN iajs-3381 52 26 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 52 27 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 NUM iajs-3381 52 28 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 52 29 is be AUX iajs-3381 52 30 activation activation NOUN iajs-3381 52 31 density density NOUN iajs-3381 52 32 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 52 33 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 NUM iajs-3381 52 34 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 52 35 is be AUX iajs-3381 52 36 given give VERB iajs-3381 52 37 by by ADP iajs-3381 52 38 [ [ X iajs-3381 52 39 21 21 NUM iajs-3381 52 40 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 52 41 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 53 1 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 πœŒπ‘Žπ‘(𝐸 PUNCT iajs-3381 53 2 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 54 1 = = SYM iajs-3381 54 2 𝐷𝑆 𝐷𝑆 PROPN iajs-3381 54 3 π‘™π‘Žπ‘ π‘™π‘Žπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 54 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 54 5 6 6 NUM iajs-3381 54 6 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN iajs-3381 54 7 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 54 8 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 54 9 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 54 10 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 54 11 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 54 12 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 54 13 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 54 14 𝐷𝑆 𝐷𝑆 PROPN iajs-3381 54 15 the the DET iajs-3381 54 16 density density NOUN iajs-3381 54 17 of of ADP iajs-3381 54 18 states state NOUN iajs-3381 54 19 at at ADP iajs-3381 54 20 room room NOUN iajs-3381 54 21 temperature temperature NOUN iajs-3381 54 22 is be AUX iajs-3381 54 23 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 54 24 π‘™π‘Žπ‘ π‘™π‘Žπ‘ PROPN iajs-3381 54 25 is be AUX iajs-3381 54 26 the the DET iajs-3381 54 27 activated activate VERB iajs-3381 54 28 length length NOUN iajs-3381 54 29 .the .the PRON iajs-3381 55 1 density density NOUN iajs-3381 55 2 of of ADP iajs-3381 55 3 states state NOUN iajs-3381 55 4 for for ADP iajs-3381 55 5 the the DET iajs-3381 55 6 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 55 7 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 55 8 can can AUX iajs-3381 55 9 be be AUX iajs-3381 55 10 written write VERB iajs-3381 55 11 as as ADP iajs-3381 55 12 [ [ X iajs-3381 55 13 22 22 NUM iajs-3381 55 14 ] ] X iajs-3381 55 15 𝐷𝑆 𝐷𝑆 PROPN iajs-3381 55 16 = = SYM iajs-3381 55 17 𝐷𝑑(𝐸)〈 𝐷𝑑(𝐸)〈 NOUN iajs-3381 55 18 οΏ½ οΏ½ PROPN iajs-3381 55 19 Μ‚ Μ‚ SYM iajs-3381 55 20 οΏ½ οΏ½ NOUN iajs-3381 55 21 βŒͺ𝑑𝑆 βŒͺ𝑑𝑆 NOUN iajs-3381 55 22 βˆ’2 βˆ’2 NOUN iajs-3381 55 23 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 55 24 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 55 25 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 55 26 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 55 27 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 55 28 𝐷𝑑(𝐸 𝐷𝑑(𝐸 NOUN iajs-3381 55 29 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 55 30 is be AUX iajs-3381 55 31 density density NOUN iajs-3381 55 32 of of ADP iajs-3381 55 33 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 55 34 in in ADP iajs-3381 55 35 dye dye PROPN iajs-3381 55 36 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 55 37 〈 〈 PROPN iajs-3381 55 38 οΏ½ οΏ½ PROPN iajs-3381 55 39 Μ‚ Μ‚ VERB iajs-3381 55 40 οΏ½ οΏ½ NOUN iajs-3381 55 41 βŒͺ βŒͺ NOUN iajs-3381 55 42 is be AUX iajs-3381 55 43 the the DET iajs-3381 55 44 density density NOUN iajs-3381 55 45 of of ADP iajs-3381 55 46 state state NOUN iajs-3381 55 47 in in ADP iajs-3381 55 48 a a DET iajs-3381 55 49 system system NOUN iajs-3381 55 50 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 55 51 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑠 X iajs-3381 55 52 is be AUX iajs-3381 55 53 the the DET iajs-3381 55 54 atomic atomic ADJ iajs-3381 55 55 density density NOUN iajs-3381 55 56 in in ADP iajs-3381 55 57 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 55 58 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 56 1 the the DET iajs-3381 56 2 density density NOUN iajs-3381 56 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 56 4 state state NOUN iajs-3381 56 5 in in ADP iajs-3381 56 6 a a DET iajs-3381 56 7 system system NOUN iajs-3381 56 8 〈 〈 NOUN iajs-3381 56 9 οΏ½ οΏ½ PROPN iajs-3381 56 10 Μ‚ Μ‚ VERB iajs-3381 56 11 οΏ½ οΏ½ NOUN iajs-3381 56 12 βŒͺ βŒͺ NOUN iajs-3381 56 13 is be AUX iajs-3381 56 14 [ [ X iajs-3381 56 15 23 23 NUM iajs-3381 56 16 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 56 17 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 57 1 〈 〈 PROPN iajs-3381 57 2 οΏ½ οΏ½ PROPN iajs-3381 57 3 Μ‚ Μ‚ SYM iajs-3381 57 4 οΏ½ οΏ½ NOUN iajs-3381 57 5 βŒͺ βŒͺ NOUN iajs-3381 57 6 = = SYM iajs-3381 57 7 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 57 8 √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† NOUN iajs-3381 57 9 π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ PROPN iajs-3381 57 10 π‘’βˆ’ π‘’βˆ’ NOUN iajs-3381 57 11 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 57 12 λ𝑆 λ𝑆 NOUN iajs-3381 57 13 𝑀+βˆ†πΉ0)2 𝑀+βˆ†πΉ0)2 NOUN iajs-3381 57 14 4λ𝑆 4λ𝑆 PROPN iajs-3381 57 15 π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ PROPN iajs-3381 57 16 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 57 17 4 4 NUM iajs-3381 57 18 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 57 19 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 57 20 βˆ†πΉ0 βˆ†πΉ0 PROPN iajs-3381 57 21 is be AUX iajs-3381 57 22 driving drive VERB iajs-3381 57 23 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 57 24 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 57 25 π‘˜π΅ π‘˜π΅ PROPN iajs-3381 57 26 is be AUX iajs-3381 57 27 boltzman boltzman NOUN iajs-3381 57 28 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 57 29 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 57 30 t t PROPN iajs-3381 57 31 is be AUX iajs-3381 57 32 room room NOUN iajs-3381 57 33 temperature temperature NOUN iajs-3381 57 34 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 57 35 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 57 36 λ𝑆 λ𝑆 ADP iajs-3381 57 37 𝑀 𝑀 PROPN iajs-3381 57 38 is be AUX iajs-3381 57 39 the the DET iajs-3381 57 40 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 57 41 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 58 1 .the .the X iajs-3381 58 2 driving drive VERB iajs-3381 58 3 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 58 4 βˆ†πΉ0 βˆ†πΉ0 PROPN iajs-3381 58 5 is be AUX iajs-3381 58 6 given give VERB iajs-3381 58 7 by[24 by[24 PROPN iajs-3381 58 8 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 58 9 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 59 1 βˆ†πΉ0 βˆ†πΉ0 PROPN iajs-3381 59 2 = = SYM iajs-3381 59 3 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 59 4 πΈπ‘π‘žπΈπ‘œ πΈπ‘π‘žπΈπ‘œ PROPN iajs-3381 59 5 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 59 6 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 59 7 5 5 X iajs-3381 59 8 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 59 9 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 59 10 𝐸𝑐 𝐸𝑐 PROPN iajs-3381 59 11 is be AUX iajs-3381 59 12 conduction conduction NOUN iajs-3381 59 13 band band NOUN iajs-3381 59 14 of of ADP iajs-3381 59 15 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 59 16 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 59 17 π‘žπΈπ‘œ π‘žπΈπ‘œ NOUN iajs-3381 59 18 is be AUX iajs-3381 59 19 chemical chemical ADJ iajs-3381 59 20 potential potential NOUN iajs-3381 59 21 of of ADP iajs-3381 59 22 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 59 23 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 60 1 inserting insert VERB iajs-3381 60 2 eqs eq NOUN iajs-3381 60 3 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 60 4 4),(3 4),(3 PROPN iajs-3381 60 5 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 60 6 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 60 7 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 60 8 2 2 X iajs-3381 60 9 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 60 10 in in ADP iajs-3381 60 11 eqs eqs X iajs-3381 60 12 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 60 13 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 60 14 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 60 15 to to PART iajs-3381 60 16 obtain obtain VERB iajs-3381 60 17 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 61 1 𝑇𝐷 𝑇𝐷 PROPN iajs-3381 61 2 𝐴(𝐸 𝐴(𝐸 PROPN iajs-3381 61 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 62 1 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 62 2 βˆ‘ βˆ‘ PUNCT iajs-3381 62 3 4πœ‹2 4πœ‹2 NUM iajs-3381 62 4 β„Ž β„Ž NOUN iajs-3381 62 5 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 PROPN iajs-3381 62 6 𝐷𝑑(𝐸 𝐷𝑑(𝐸 NOUN iajs-3381 62 7 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 62 8 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 62 9 √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† NOUN iajs-3381 62 10 π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ PROPN iajs-3381 62 11 π‘’βˆ’ π‘’βˆ’ NOUN iajs-3381 62 12 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 62 13 λ𝑆 λ𝑆 NOUN iajs-3381 62 14 𝑀+βˆ†πΉ0)2 𝑀+βˆ†πΉ0)2 NOUN iajs-3381 62 15 4λ𝑆 4λ𝑆 NUM iajs-3381 62 16 π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ PROPN iajs-3381 62 17 𝑑𝑆 𝑑𝑆 ADJ iajs-3381 62 18 βˆ’2 βˆ’2 NOUN iajs-3381 62 19 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 62 20 π‘™π‘Žπ‘ π‘™π‘Žπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 62 21 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 62 22 6 6 NUM iajs-3381 62 23 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN iajs-3381 62 24 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 62 25 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 62 26 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 62 27 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 63 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 63 2 6 6 NUM iajs-3381 63 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 63 4 the the DET iajs-3381 63 5 current current NOUN iajs-3381 63 6 of of ADP iajs-3381 63 7 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 63 8 through through ADP iajs-3381 63 9 system system NOUN iajs-3381 63 10 is be AUX iajs-3381 63 11 [ [ X iajs-3381 63 12 25 25 NUM iajs-3381 63 13 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 63 14 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 64 1 𝐼 𝐼 PROPN iajs-3381 64 2 = = SYM iajs-3381 64 3 𝑒 𝑒 PROPN iajs-3381 64 4 βˆ‘ βˆ‘ PROPN iajs-3381 64 5 𝐹(𝐸)𝑇𝐷 𝐹(𝐸)𝑇𝐷 PROPN iajs-3381 64 6 𝐴(𝐸 𝐴(𝐸 PROPN iajs-3381 64 7 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 64 8 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 64 9 7 7 X iajs-3381 64 10 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 64 11 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 64 12 𝐹(𝐸 𝐹(𝐸 NOUN iajs-3381 64 13 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 64 14 is be AUX iajs-3381 64 15 fermi fermi NOUN iajs-3381 64 16 distribution distribution NOUN iajs-3381 64 17 in in ADP iajs-3381 64 18 system system NOUN iajs-3381 64 19 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 65 1 inserting insert VERB iajs-3381 65 2 eq.(6 eq.(6 NOUN iajs-3381 65 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 65 4 in in ADP iajs-3381 65 5 eq.(7 eq.(7 NOUN iajs-3381 65 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 65 7 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 65 8 integrate integrate VERB iajs-3381 65 9 to to PART iajs-3381 65 10 result result VERB iajs-3381 65 11 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 66 1 𝐼 𝐼 ADP iajs-3381 66 2 = = PROPN iajs-3381 66 3 4πœ‹2 4πœ‹2 NUM iajs-3381 66 4 β„Ž β„Ž NOUN iajs-3381 66 5 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 PROPN iajs-3381 66 6 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 66 7 √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† NOUN iajs-3381 66 8 π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ PROPN iajs-3381 66 9 𝑒 𝑒 PROPN iajs-3381 66 10 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN iajs-3381 66 11 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 66 12 Ξ»+βˆ†πΉ0)2 Ξ»+βˆ†πΉ0)2 NOUN iajs-3381 66 13 4Ξ»π‘˜π΅π‘‡ 4Ξ»π‘˜π΅π‘‡ NUM iajs-3381 66 14 𝑑𝑆 𝑑𝑆 ADJ iajs-3381 66 15 βˆ’2 βˆ’2 NOUN iajs-3381 66 16 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 66 17 π‘™π‘Žπ‘ π‘™π‘Žπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 66 18 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 66 19 6 6 NUM iajs-3381 66 20 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN iajs-3381 66 21 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 66 22 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 66 23 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 66 24 ∫ ∫ NOUN iajs-3381 66 25 𝐷𝑑(𝐸)𝐹(𝐸)𝑑𝐸 𝐷𝑑(𝐸)𝐹(𝐸)𝑑𝐸 PROPN iajs-3381 66 26 π‘žπΈ π‘žπΈ PROPN iajs-3381 66 27 0 0 NUM iajs-3381 66 28 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 66 29 8) 8) NUM iajs-3381 66 30 integral integral ADJ iajs-3381 66 31 in in ADP iajs-3381 66 32 equations equation NOUN iajs-3381 66 33 8 8 NUM iajs-3381 66 34 over over ADP iajs-3381 66 35 chemical chemical ADJ iajs-3381 66 36 potential potential NOUN iajs-3381 66 37 of of ADP iajs-3381 66 38 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 66 39 is be AUX iajs-3381 66 40 reduced reduce VERB iajs-3381 66 41 to to ADP iajs-3381 66 42 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 66 43 of of ADP iajs-3381 66 44 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 66 45 [ [ X iajs-3381 66 46 𝑛 𝑛 X iajs-3381 66 47 ] ] X iajs-3381 66 48 [ [ X iajs-3381 66 49 26 26 NUM iajs-3381 66 50 ] ] X iajs-3381 66 51 ∫ ∫ PROPN iajs-3381 66 52 𝐷𝑑(𝐸)𝐹(𝐸)𝑑𝐸 𝐷𝑑(𝐸)𝐹(𝐸)𝑑𝐸 PROPN iajs-3381 66 53 π‘žπΈ π‘žπΈ PROPN iajs-3381 66 54 0 0 NUM iajs-3381 67 1 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 68 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 68 2 𝑛 𝑛 X iajs-3381 68 3 ] ] X iajs-3381 68 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 68 5 9 9 X iajs-3381 68 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 7 the the DET iajs-3381 68 8 current current ADJ iajs-3381 68 9 expression expression NOUN iajs-3381 68 10 in in ADP iajs-3381 68 11 eq.(8 eq.(8 ADJ iajs-3381 68 12 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 13 with with ADP iajs-3381 68 14 eq.(8 eq.(8 ADV iajs-3381 68 15 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 16 is be AUX iajs-3381 68 17 reduced reduce VERB iajs-3381 68 18 to to PART iajs-3381 68 19 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 68 20 𝐼(π‘šπ΄ 𝐼(π‘šπ΄ VERB iajs-3381 68 21 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 22 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 68 23 4πœ‹2 4πœ‹2 NUM iajs-3381 68 24 β„Ž β„Ž NOUN iajs-3381 68 25 [ [ PUNCT iajs-3381 68 26 𝑛]|〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 𝑛]|〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2 X iajs-3381 68 27 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 68 28 √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† √4πœ‹Ξ»π‘† NOUN iajs-3381 68 29 π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ π‘€π‘˜π΅π‘‡ PROPN iajs-3381 68 30 𝑒 𝑒 PROPN iajs-3381 68 31 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN iajs-3381 68 32 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 68 33 Ξ»+βˆ†πΉ0 Ξ»+βˆ†πΉ0 PROPN iajs-3381 68 34 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 35 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 68 36 4Ξ»π‘˜π΅π‘‡ 4Ξ»π‘˜π΅π‘‡ NUM iajs-3381 68 37 𝑑𝑆 𝑑𝑆 ADJ iajs-3381 68 38 βˆ’2 βˆ’2 NOUN iajs-3381 68 39 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 68 40 π‘™π‘Žπ‘ π‘™π‘Žπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 68 41 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 68 42 6 6 NUM iajs-3381 68 43 πœ‹ πœ‹ NOUN iajs-3381 68 44 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 45 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 68 46 3⁄ 3⁄ NUM iajs-3381 68 47 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 68 48 10 10 NUM iajs-3381 68 49 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 68 50 the the DET iajs-3381 68 51 atomic atomic ADJ iajs-3381 68 52 density density NOUN iajs-3381 68 53 of of ADP iajs-3381 68 54 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 68 55 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑠 NOUN iajs-3381 68 56 is be AUX iajs-3381 68 57 estimated estimate VERB iajs-3381 68 58 using use VERB iajs-3381 68 59 the the DET iajs-3381 68 60 number number NOUN iajs-3381 68 61 of of ADP iajs-3381 68 62 states state NOUN iajs-3381 68 63 𝑁𝑠 𝑁𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 68 64 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 68 65 density density NOUN iajs-3381 68 66 of of ADP iajs-3381 68 67 states state NOUN iajs-3381 68 68 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 68 69 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 68 70 is be AUX iajs-3381 68 71 written write VERB iajs-3381 68 72 as as ADP iajs-3381 68 73 [ [ X iajs-3381 68 74 27 27 NUM iajs-3381 68 75 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 68 76 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 69 1 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑠 NOUN iajs-3381 70 1 = = SYM iajs-3381 70 2 𝑁𝑠 𝑁𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 70 3 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 70 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 70 5 11 11 NUM iajs-3381 70 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 70 7 ihjpas ihjpa NOUN iajs-3381 70 8 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 71 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 71 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 71 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 71 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 71 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 71 6 186 186 NUM iajs-3381 71 7 the the DET iajs-3381 71 8 density density NOUN iajs-3381 71 9 of of ADP iajs-3381 71 10 states state NOUN iajs-3381 71 11 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 71 12 of of ADP iajs-3381 71 13 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 71 14 is be AUX iajs-3381 71 15 estimated estimate VERB iajs-3381 71 16 using use VERB iajs-3381 71 17 formula formula NOUN iajs-3381 71 18 [ [ X iajs-3381 71 19 27 27 NUM iajs-3381 71 20 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 71 21 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 72 1 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 NOUN iajs-3381 72 2 = = NOUN iajs-3381 72 3 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 72 4 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 72 5 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 72 6 𝑁𝑒 𝑁𝑒 PROPN iajs-3381 72 7 𝐸𝐹 𝐸𝐹 PROPN iajs-3381 72 8 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 72 9 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 72 10 12 12 NUM iajs-3381 72 11 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 72 12 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 72 13 𝑁𝑒 𝑁𝑒 PROPN iajs-3381 72 14 is be AUX iajs-3381 72 15 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 72 16 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 72 17 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 72 18 𝐸𝐹 𝐸𝐹 PROPN iajs-3381 72 19 is be AUX iajs-3381 72 20 fermi fermi NOUN iajs-3381 72 21 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 72 22 of of ADP iajs-3381 72 23 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 72 24 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 73 1 the the DET iajs-3381 73 2 current current ADJ iajs-3381 73 3 density density NOUN iajs-3381 73 4 is be AUX iajs-3381 73 5 given give VERB iajs-3381 73 6 by by ADP iajs-3381 73 7 ratio ratio NOUN iajs-3381 73 8 of of ADP iajs-3381 73 9 current current ADJ iajs-3381 73 10 divided divide VERB iajs-3381 73 11 on on ADP iajs-3381 73 12 area area NOUN iajs-3381 73 13 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 73 14 given give VERB iajs-3381 73 15 by by ADP iajs-3381 73 16 𝐼 𝐼 PROPN iajs-3381 73 17 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 73 18 π‘šπ΄ π‘šπ΄ NOUN iajs-3381 73 19 πΆπ‘š2 πΆπ‘š2 ADJ iajs-3381 73 20 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 73 21 = = SYM iajs-3381 73 22 𝐼(π‘šπ΄ 𝐼(π‘šπ΄ NOUN iajs-3381 73 23 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 73 24 π΄π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘Ž π΄π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘Ž PROPN iajs-3381 73 25 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 73 26 13 13 NUM iajs-3381 73 27 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 73 28 the the DET iajs-3381 73 29 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 73 30 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 73 31 is be AUX iajs-3381 73 32 ratio ratio NOUN iajs-3381 73 33 relative relative ADJ iajs-3381 73 34 to to ADP iajs-3381 73 35 i i PROPN iajs-3381 73 36 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 73 37 v v PROPN iajs-3381 73 38 curve curve NOUN iajs-3381 73 39 's 's PART iajs-3381 73 40 maximum maximum ADJ iajs-3381 73 41 power power NOUN iajs-3381 73 42 is be AUX iajs-3381 73 43 unit unit NOUN iajs-3381 73 44 less less ADJ iajs-3381 73 45 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 73 46 it it PRON iajs-3381 73 47 describes describe VERB iajs-3381 73 48 to to ADP iajs-3381 73 49 the the DET iajs-3381 73 50 maximum maximum ADJ iajs-3381 73 51 power power NOUN iajs-3381 73 52 π½π‘šπ‘‰π‘š. π½π‘šπ‘‰π‘š. PROPN iajs-3381 73 53 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 73 54 give give VERB iajs-3381 73 55 ratio ratio NOUN iajs-3381 73 56 [ [ X iajs-3381 73 57 28 28 NUM iajs-3381 73 58 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 73 59 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 74 1 𝐹𝐹 𝐹𝐹 NOUN iajs-3381 75 1 = = SYM iajs-3381 75 2 π½π‘šπ‘‰π‘š π½π‘šπ‘‰π‘š NOUN iajs-3381 75 3 π½π‘†π‘π‘‰π‘œπ‘ π½π‘†π‘π‘‰π‘œπ‘ X iajs-3381 75 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 75 5 14 14 NUM iajs-3381 75 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 75 7 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 75 8 𝐼𝑆𝑐 𝐼𝑆𝑐 NOUN iajs-3381 75 9 is be AUX iajs-3381 75 10 short short ADJ iajs-3381 75 11 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 75 12 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 75 13 current current NOUN iajs-3381 75 14 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 75 15 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 75 16 voc voc NOUN iajs-3381 75 17 is be AUX iajs-3381 75 18 open open ADJ iajs-3381 75 19 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 75 20 voltages voltage NOUN iajs-3381 75 21 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 76 1 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 76 2 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 76 3 for for ADP iajs-3381 76 4 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 76 5 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 76 6 from from ADP iajs-3381 76 7 one one NUM iajs-3381 76 8 state state NOUN iajs-3381 76 9 to to ADP iajs-3381 76 10 another another DET iajs-3381 76 11 state state NOUN iajs-3381 76 12 is be AUX iajs-3381 76 13 [ [ X iajs-3381 76 14 29 29 NUM iajs-3381 76 15 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 76 16 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 77 1 λ𝐴𝐷(𝑒𝑉 λ𝐴𝐷(𝑒𝑉 NUM iajs-3381 77 2 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 77 3 = = SYM iajs-3381 77 4 𝑒2 𝑒2 PROPN iajs-3381 77 5 8πœ‹πœ€ 8πœ‹πœ€ NOUN iajs-3381 78 1 Β° Β° ADP iajs-3381 78 2 [ [ PUNCT iajs-3381 78 3 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 78 4 𝐷 𝐷 NOUN iajs-3381 78 5 Ξ»(𝑛 Ξ»(𝑛 PROPN iajs-3381 78 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 78 7 πœ€ πœ€ PROPN iajs-3381 78 8 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 78 9 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN iajs-3381 78 10 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 78 11 2𝑅 2𝑅 PROPN iajs-3381 79 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 79 2 Ξ»(π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š Ξ»(π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 79 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 79 4 𝑛 𝑛 NOUN iajs-3381 79 5 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 80 1 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN iajs-3381 80 2 Ξ»(πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š Ξ»(πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 80 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 80 4 πœ€ πœ€ PROPN iajs-3381 80 5 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 80 6 ] ] X iajs-3381 80 7 ] ] X iajs-3381 80 8 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 80 9 15 15 NUM iajs-3381 80 10 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 80 11 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 80 12 𝑒 𝑒 NOUN iajs-3381 80 13 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 80 14 πœ€ πœ€ NOUN iajs-3381 80 15 Β° Β° NOUN iajs-3381 80 16 are be AUX iajs-3381 80 17 electric electric ADJ iajs-3381 80 18 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 80 19 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 80 20 vacuum vacuum NOUN iajs-3381 80 21 permittivity permittivity NOUN iajs-3381 80 22 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 80 23 𝐷 𝐷 PROPN iajs-3381 80 24 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 80 25 r r NOUN iajs-3381 80 26 are be AUX iajs-3381 80 27 the the DET iajs-3381 80 28 radius radius ADJ iajs-3381 80 29 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 80 30 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 80 31 distance distance NOUN iajs-3381 80 32 between between ADP iajs-3381 80 33 the the DET iajs-3381 80 34 complex complex NOUN iajs-3381 80 35 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 80 36 the the DET iajs-3381 80 37 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 80 38 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 80 39 respectively respectively ADV iajs-3381 80 40 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 80 41 Ξ»(𝑛 Ξ»(𝑛 PROPN iajs-3381 80 42 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 80 43 πœ– πœ– NOUN iajs-3381 80 44 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 81 1 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 81 2 [ [ PUNCT iajs-3381 81 3 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 81 4 𝑛2 𝑛2 NOUN iajs-3381 81 5 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN iajs-3381 81 6 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 81 7 πœ€ πœ€ NOUN iajs-3381 81 8 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 81 9 is be AUX iajs-3381 81 10 the the DET iajs-3381 81 11 polarity polarity NOUN iajs-3381 81 12 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 81 13 as as ADP iajs-3381 81 14 function function NOUN iajs-3381 81 15 of of ADP iajs-3381 81 16 refrective refrective ADJ iajs-3381 81 17 index index NOUN iajs-3381 81 18 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN iajs-3381 81 19 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 81 20 dielectric dielectric ADJ iajs-3381 81 21 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 81 22 πœ€ πœ€ NOUN iajs-3381 81 23 of of ADP iajs-3381 81 24 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 81 25 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 81 26 Ξ»(π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š Ξ»(π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 81 27 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 81 28 𝑛 𝑛 NOUN iajs-3381 81 29 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 81 30 = = NOUN iajs-3381 82 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 82 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 82 3 π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 82 4 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 82 5 βˆ’π‘›2 βˆ’π‘›2 PROPN iajs-3381 82 6 π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 82 7 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 82 8 + + NOUN iajs-3381 82 9 𝑛2 𝑛2 NOUN iajs-3381 82 10 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 82 11 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 82 12 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 82 13 𝑛2 𝑛2 NOUN iajs-3381 82 14 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 82 15 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 82 16 is be AUX iajs-3381 82 17 an an DET iajs-3381 82 18 optical optical ADJ iajs-3381 82 19 dielectric dielectric NOUN iajs-3381 82 20 for for ADP iajs-3381 82 21 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 82 22 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 82 23 term term NOUN iajs-3381 82 24 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 82 25 π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š π‘›π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 82 26 is be AUX iajs-3381 82 27 refrective refrective ADJ iajs-3381 82 28 index index NOUN iajs-3381 82 29 of of ADP iajs-3381 82 30 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 82 31 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 82 32 Ξ» Ξ» PROPN iajs-3381 82 33 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 82 34 πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 82 35 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 82 36 πœ€ πœ€ PROPN iajs-3381 82 37 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 82 38 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 83 1 [ [ PUNCT iajs-3381 83 2 πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 83 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 83 4 βˆ’πœ€2 βˆ’πœ€2 PROPN iajs-3381 83 5 πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 83 6 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 83 7 + + NOUN iajs-3381 83 8 πœ€2 πœ€2 NOUN iajs-3381 83 9 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 83 10 πœ€2 πœ€2 NOUN iajs-3381 83 11 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 83 12 is be AUX iajs-3381 83 13 statical statical ADJ iajs-3381 83 14 dielectric dielectric ADJ iajs-3381 83 15 term term NOUN iajs-3381 83 16 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 83 17 πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š πœ€π‘†π‘’π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 83 18 is be AUX iajs-3381 83 19 dielectric dielectric ADV iajs-3381 83 20 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 83 21 of of ADP iajs-3381 83 22 the the DET iajs-3381 83 23 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 83 24 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 84 1 the the DET iajs-3381 84 2 radii radius NOUN iajs-3381 84 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 84 4 atom atom NOUN iajs-3381 84 5 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 84 6 molecule molecule NOUN iajs-3381 84 7 evaluate evaluate NOUN iajs-3381 84 8 according accord VERB iajs-3381 84 9 to to ADP iajs-3381 84 10 apparent apparent ADJ iajs-3381 84 11 molar molar ADJ iajs-3381 84 12 volumes volume NOUN iajs-3381 84 13 approach approach VERB iajs-3381 84 14 [ [ X iajs-3381 84 15 30 30 NUM iajs-3381 84 16 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 84 17 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 85 1 𝐷(π‘š 𝐷(π‘š X iajs-3381 85 2 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 85 3 = = NOUN iajs-3381 85 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 85 5 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 85 6 4πœ‹ 4πœ‹ ADJ iajs-3381 85 7 𝑀 𝑀 PROPN iajs-3381 85 8 π‘πœŒ π‘πœŒ PROPN iajs-3381 85 9 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 85 10 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 85 11 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 85 12 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 85 13 16 16 NUM iajs-3381 85 14 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 85 15 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 85 16 m m NOUN iajs-3381 85 17 is be AUX iajs-3381 85 18 the the DET iajs-3381 85 19 m m PROPN iajs-3381 85 20 olecular olecular ADJ iajs-3381 85 21 weight weight NOUN iajs-3381 85 22 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 85 23 n n X iajs-3381 85 24 is be AUX iajs-3381 85 25 the the DET iajs-3381 85 26 avogadro avogadro NOUN iajs-3381 85 27 number number NOUN iajs-3381 85 28 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 85 29 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 85 30 ρ ρ NOUN iajs-3381 85 31 is be AUX iajs-3381 85 32 the the DET iajs-3381 85 33 density density NOUN iajs-3381 85 34 of of ADP iajs-3381 85 35 material material NOUN iajs-3381 85 36 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 86 1 3 3 X iajs-3381 86 2 . . NOUN iajs-3381 86 3 results result NOUN iajs-3381 86 4 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 86 5 discussion discussion VERB iajs-3381 86 6 the the DET iajs-3381 86 7 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 86 8 characteristic characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 86 9 of of ADP iajs-3381 86 10 tio tio NOUN iajs-3381 86 11 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 86 12 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 86 13 n719 n719 PRON iajs-3381 86 14 hetero hetero NOUN iajs-3381 86 15 junction junction NOUN iajs-3381 86 16 is be AUX iajs-3381 86 17 investigated investigate VERB iajs-3381 86 18 based base VERB iajs-3381 86 19 on on ADP iajs-3381 86 20 a a DET iajs-3381 86 21 theoretical theoretical ADJ iajs-3381 86 22 model model NOUN iajs-3381 86 23 for for ADP iajs-3381 86 24 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 86 25 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 86 26 in in ADP iajs-3381 86 27 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 86 28 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 86 29 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 86 30 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 87 1 we we PRON iajs-3381 87 2 estimate estimate VERB iajs-3381 87 3 the the DET iajs-3381 87 4 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 87 5 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 87 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 87 7 current current ADJ iajs-3381 87 8 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 87 9 atomic atomic ADJ iajs-3381 87 10 density density NOUN iajs-3381 87 11 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 87 12 density density NOUN iajs-3381 87 13 of of ADP iajs-3381 87 14 states state NOUN iajs-3381 87 15 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 87 16 current current ADJ iajs-3381 87 17 density density NOUN iajs-3381 87 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 87 19 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 87 20 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 87 21 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 87 22 according accord VERB iajs-3381 87 23 to to ADP iajs-3381 87 24 a a DET iajs-3381 87 25 simple simple ADJ iajs-3381 87 26 theoretical theoretical ADJ iajs-3381 87 27 scenario scenario NOUN iajs-3381 87 28 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 88 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 88 2 general general ADJ iajs-3381 88 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 88 4 the the DET iajs-3381 88 5 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 88 6 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 88 7 of of ADP iajs-3381 88 8 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 88 9 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 88 10 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 88 11 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 88 12 were be AUX iajs-3381 88 13 calculated calculate VERB iajs-3381 88 14 theoretically theoretically ADV iajs-3381 88 15 by by ADP iajs-3381 88 16 a a DET iajs-3381 88 17 matlab matlab PROPN iajs-3381 88 18 program program NOUN iajs-3381 88 19 as as ADP iajs-3381 88 20 a a DET iajs-3381 88 21 function function NOUN iajs-3381 88 22 of of ADP iajs-3381 88 23 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 88 24 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 88 25 λ𝑆 λ𝑆 X iajs-3381 88 26 𝑀(𝑒𝑉 𝑀(𝑒𝑉 NOUN iajs-3381 88 27 in in ADP iajs-3381 88 28 eq eq ADP iajs-3381 88 29 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 89 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 89 2 15 15 NUM iajs-3381 89 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 89 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 90 1 firstly firstly ADV iajs-3381 90 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 90 3 we we PRON iajs-3381 90 4 calculate calculate VERB iajs-3381 90 5 the the DET iajs-3381 90 6 radii radius NOUN iajs-3381 90 7 of of ADP iajs-3381 90 8 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 90 9 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 90 10 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 90 11 according accord VERB iajs-3381 90 12 to to ADP iajs-3381 90 13 the the DET iajs-3381 90 14 continuum continuum ADJ iajs-3381 90 15 model model NOUN iajs-3381 90 16 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 91 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 91 2 essence essence NOUN iajs-3381 91 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 91 4 the the DET iajs-3381 91 5 radii radius NOUN iajs-3381 91 6 of of ADP iajs-3381 91 7 both both DET iajs-3381 91 8 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 91 9 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 91 10 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 91 11 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 91 12 are be AUX iajs-3381 91 13 estimated estimate VERB iajs-3381 91 14 using use VERB iajs-3381 91 15 eq.(16 eq.(16 NOUN iajs-3381 91 16 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 91 17 by by ADP iajs-3381 91 18 taking take VERB iajs-3381 91 19 the the DET iajs-3381 91 20 molecular molecular ADJ iajs-3381 91 21 weight weight NOUN iajs-3381 91 22 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 91 23 density density NOUN iajs-3381 91 24 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 91 25 m= m= X iajs-3381 91 26 1188.55g 1188.55g NOUN iajs-3381 91 27 / / SYM iajs-3381 91 28 mol mol PROPN iajs-3381 91 29 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 91 30 the the DET iajs-3381 91 31 density density NOUN iajs-3381 91 32 𝜌 𝜌 X iajs-3381 91 33 = = SYM iajs-3381 91 34 1.52 1.52 NUM iajs-3381 91 35 g g NOUN iajs-3381 91 36 π‘π‘š3 π‘π‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 91 37 for for ADP iajs-3381 91 38 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 91 39 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 91 40 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 91 41 m=79.866g m=79.866g PROPN iajs-3381 91 42 / / SYM iajs-3381 91 43 mol mol PROPN iajs-3381 91 44 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 91 45 𝜌 𝜌 X iajs-3381 91 46 = = SYM iajs-3381 91 47 4.23 4.23 NUM iajs-3381 91 48 g g NOUN iajs-3381 91 49 π‘π‘š3for π‘π‘š3for PROPN iajs-3381 91 50 tio2[31 tio2[31 PROPN iajs-3381 91 51 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 91 52 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 91 53 results result NOUN iajs-3381 91 54 of of ADP iajs-3381 91 55 the the DET iajs-3381 91 56 radii radius NOUN iajs-3381 91 57 of of ADP iajs-3381 91 58 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 91 59 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 91 60 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 91 61 are be AUX iajs-3381 91 62 6.769 6.769 NUM iajs-3381 91 63 𝐴 𝐴 PROPN iajs-3381 91 64 Β° Β° PROPN iajs-3381 91 65 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 91 66 1.956 1.956 NUM iajs-3381 91 67 𝐴0 𝐴0 NOUN iajs-3381 91 68 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 91 69 respectively respectively ADV iajs-3381 91 70 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 92 1 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 92 2 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 92 3 is be AUX iajs-3381 92 4 calculated calculate VERB iajs-3381 92 5 using use VERB iajs-3381 92 6 eq eq ADP iajs-3381 92 7 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 93 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 93 2 16 16 NUM iajs-3381 93 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 93 4 by by ADP iajs-3381 93 5 inserting insert VERB iajs-3381 93 6 the the DET iajs-3381 93 7 parameters parameter NOUN iajs-3381 93 8 n=1.3993 n=1.3993 PROPN iajs-3381 93 9 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 93 10 πœ€ πœ€ X iajs-3381 93 11 = = SYM iajs-3381 93 12 17.51 17.51 NUM iajs-3381 93 13 of of ADP iajs-3381 93 14 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 93 15 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 93 16 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 93 17 [ [ NOUN iajs-3381 93 18 32 32 NUM iajs-3381 93 19 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 93 20 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 93 21 𝑛𝑆 𝑛𝑆 NOUN iajs-3381 93 22 = = VERB iajs-3381 93 23 2.609 2.609 NUM iajs-3381 94 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 94 2 31 31 NUM iajs-3381 94 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 94 4 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 94 5 πœ€π‘† πœ€π‘† ADJ iajs-3381 94 6 = = NOUN iajs-3381 94 7 55 55 NUM iajs-3381 94 8 for for ADP iajs-3381 94 9 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 94 10 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 94 11 𝐷 𝐷 NOUN iajs-3381 94 12 = = SYM iajs-3381 94 13 6.769 6.769 NUM iajs-3381 94 14 𝐴 𝐴 PROPN iajs-3381 94 15 Β° Β° PROPN iajs-3381 94 16 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 94 17 r=8.725 r=8.725 X iajs-3381 94 18 𝐴 𝐴 PROPN iajs-3381 94 19 Β° Β° PROPN iajs-3381 94 20 to to PART iajs-3381 94 21 result result VERB iajs-3381 94 22 λ𝑆 λ𝑆 PROPN iajs-3381 94 23 𝑀 𝑀 PROPN iajs-3381 94 24 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 94 25 0.367ev 0.367ev PROPN iajs-3381 94 26 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 95 1 it it PRON iajs-3381 95 2 shows show VERB iajs-3381 95 3 that that SCONJ iajs-3381 95 4 the the DET iajs-3381 95 5 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 95 6 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 95 7 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 95 8 system system NOUN iajs-3381 95 9 needs need VERB iajs-3381 95 10 0.367ev 0.367ev NOUN iajs-3381 95 11 to to PART iajs-3381 95 12 start start VERB iajs-3381 95 13 transferring transfer VERB iajs-3381 95 14 from from ADP iajs-3381 95 15 excited excited ADJ iajs-3381 95 16 levels level NOUN iajs-3381 95 17 of of ADP iajs-3381 95 18 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 95 19 to to ADP iajs-3381 95 20 the the DET iajs-3381 95 21 conduction conduction NOUN iajs-3381 95 22 band band NOUN iajs-3381 95 23 in in ADP iajs-3381 95 24 the the DET iajs-3381 95 25 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 95 26 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 95 27 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 96 1 the the DET iajs-3381 96 2 density density NOUN iajs-3381 96 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 96 4 states state NOUN iajs-3381 96 5 of of ADP iajs-3381 96 6 the the DET iajs-3381 96 7 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 96 8 of of ADP iajs-3381 96 9 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 96 10 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 96 11 is be AUX iajs-3381 96 12 calculated calculate VERB iajs-3381 96 13 by by ADP iajs-3381 96 14 inserting insert VERB iajs-3381 96 15 the the DET iajs-3381 96 16 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 96 17 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 96 18 𝑁𝑒 𝑁𝑒 PROPN iajs-3381 96 19 = = SYM iajs-3381 96 20 1.4 1.4 NUM iajs-3381 96 21 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 96 22 1014 1014 NUM iajs-3381 96 23 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 96 24 πΆπ‘š3 πΆπ‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 96 25 [ [ X iajs-3381 96 26 33 33 NUM iajs-3381 96 27 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 96 28 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 96 29 fermi fermi NOUN iajs-3381 96 30 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 96 31 𝐸𝐹 𝐸𝐹 PROPN iajs-3381 96 32 = = SYM iajs-3381 97 1 4.19𝑒𝑉 4.19𝑒𝑉 NUM iajs-3381 97 2 [ [ X iajs-3381 97 3 34 34 NUM iajs-3381 97 4 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 97 5 ihjpas ihjpa NOUN iajs-3381 97 6 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 98 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 98 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 98 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 98 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 98 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 98 6 187 187 NUM iajs-3381 98 7 in in ADP iajs-3381 98 8 eq eq ADP iajs-3381 98 9 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 99 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 99 2 12 12 NUM iajs-3381 99 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 99 4 to to PART iajs-3381 99 5 give give VERB iajs-3381 99 6 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 99 7 = = NOUN iajs-3381 99 8 3.34 3.34 NUM iajs-3381 99 9 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 99 10 1013 1013 NUM iajs-3381 99 11 electron electron NOUN iajs-3381 99 12 cm3.ev cm3.ev NOUN iajs-3381 99 13 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 100 1 the the DET iajs-3381 100 2 atomic atomic ADJ iajs-3381 100 3 density density NOUN iajs-3381 100 4 in in ADP iajs-3381 100 5 eq eq ADP iajs-3381 100 6 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 101 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 101 2 11 11 NUM iajs-3381 101 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 101 4 was be AUX iajs-3381 101 5 estimated estimate VERB iajs-3381 101 6 using use VERB iajs-3381 101 7 𝑁𝑠 𝑁𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 101 8 = = SYM iajs-3381 101 9 8 8 NUM iajs-3381 101 10 π‘’π‘™π‘’π‘π‘‘π‘Ÿπ‘œπ‘› π‘’π‘™π‘’π‘π‘‘π‘Ÿπ‘œπ‘› NOUN iajs-3381 101 11 𝑒𝑉 𝑒𝑉 PROPN iajs-3381 101 12 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 101 13 𝐷𝑠 𝐷𝑠 PROPN iajs-3381 101 14 = = PROPN iajs-3381 101 15 3.34 3.34 NUM iajs-3381 101 16 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 101 17 1013 1013 NUM iajs-3381 101 18 electron electron NOUN iajs-3381 101 19 cm3.ev cm3.ev NOUN iajs-3381 102 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 102 2 32 32 NUM iajs-3381 102 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 102 4 to to PART iajs-3381 102 5 result result VERB iajs-3381 102 6 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑠 ADP iajs-3381 102 7 = = SYM iajs-3381 102 8 4.1766 4.1766 NUM iajs-3381 102 9 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 102 10 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 102 11 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 102 12 π‘š3 π‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 102 13 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 103 1 the the DET iajs-3381 103 2 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 103 3 current current NOUN iajs-3381 103 4 of of ADP iajs-3381 103 5 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 103 6 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 103 7 tio2 tio2 VERB iajs-3381 103 8 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 103 9 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 103 10 with with ADP iajs-3381 103 11 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 103 12 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 103 13 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 103 14 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 103 15 is be AUX iajs-3381 103 16 calculated calculate VERB iajs-3381 103 17 using use VERB iajs-3381 103 18 eq.(10 eq.(10 NOUN iajs-3381 103 19 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 103 20 which which PRON iajs-3381 103 21 takes take VERB iajs-3381 103 22 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2=0.15,0.25,0.35,0.45,0.55,0.65,0.75,0.85 |〈𝐻𝐢βŒͺ|2=0.15,0.25,0.35,0.45,0.55,0.65,0.75,0.85 PROPN iajs-3381 103 23 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 103 24 0.95,1.05,1.15,1.25,1.35,1.45and 0.95,1.05,1.15,1.25,1.35,1.45and NUM iajs-3381 103 25 1.55 1.55 NUM iajs-3381 103 26 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 103 27 10βˆ’2𝑒𝑉2,λ𝑆 10βˆ’2𝑒𝑉2,λ𝑆 NUM iajs-3381 103 28 𝑀 𝑀 NOUN iajs-3381 103 29 = = PUNCT iajs-3381 103 30 0.339 0.339 NUM iajs-3381 103 31 𝑒𝑉 𝑒𝑉 NOUN iajs-3381 103 32 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 103 33 π‘™π‘Žπ‘ π‘™π‘Žπ‘ X iajs-3381 103 34 = = SYM iajs-3381 103 35 3𝐴0 3𝐴0 NUM iajs-3381 103 36 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 103 37 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑠 X iajs-3381 103 38 = = SYM iajs-3381 103 39 4.17 4.17 NUM iajs-3381 103 40 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 103 41 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 103 42 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 103 43 π‘š3 π‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 103 44 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 103 45 [ [ X iajs-3381 103 46 𝑛 𝑛 X iajs-3381 103 47 ] ] X iajs-3381 103 48 = = SYM iajs-3381 103 49 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 103 50 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 103 51 and7 and7 ADJ iajs-3381 103 52 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 103 53 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 103 54 1024 1024 NUM iajs-3381 103 55 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 103 56 m3 m3 PROPN iajs-3381 103 57 [ [ X iajs-3381 103 58 35 35 NUM iajs-3381 103 59 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 103 60 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 103 61 results result NOUN iajs-3381 103 62 are be AUX iajs-3381 103 63 listed list VERB iajs-3381 103 64 in in ADP iajs-3381 103 65 table table NOUN iajs-3381 103 66 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 103 67 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 103 68 table table NOUN iajs-3381 103 69 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 103 70 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 103 71 results result NOUN iajs-3381 103 72 of of ADP iajs-3381 103 73 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 103 74 current current ADJ iajs-3381 103 75 calculation calculation NOUN iajs-3381 103 76 for for ADP iajs-3381 103 77 n749 n749 PROPN iajs-3381 103 78 / / SYM iajs-3381 103 79 tio2with tio2with PROPN iajs-3381 103 80 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 103 81 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 103 82 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 103 83 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 103 84 strength strength NOUN iajs-3381 103 85 coupling couple VERB iajs-3381 103 86 |πžπ•/ |πžπ•/ PROPN iajs-3381 103 87 𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞|𝟐 𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞|𝟐 ADJ iajs-3381 104 1 |〈π‘ͺπ‘ͺ𝑬𝑻βŒͺ|𝟐x10βˆ’2 |〈π‘ͺπ‘ͺ𝑬𝑻βŒͺ|𝟐x10βˆ’2 ADP iajs-3381 104 2 the the DET iajs-3381 104 3 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 104 4 current current NOUN iajs-3381 104 5 the the DET iajs-3381 104 6 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 104 7 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 104 8 πŸ‘ πŸ‘ PUNCT iajs-3381 104 9 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 104 10 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ’ πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ’ NUM iajs-3381 104 11 𝟏 𝟏 NUM iajs-3381 104 12 π’ŽπŸ‘ π’ŽπŸ‘ VERB iajs-3381 104 13 πŸ• πŸ• PROPN iajs-3381 104 14 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 104 15 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ’ πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ’ NUM iajs-3381 104 16 𝟏 𝟏 NUM iajs-3381 104 17 π’ŽπŸ‘ π’ŽπŸ‘ VERB iajs-3381 104 18 0.15 0.15 NUM iajs-3381 104 19 1.6666e-03 1.6666e-03 NUM iajs-3381 104 20 3.8888e-03 3.8888e-03 NUM iajs-3381 104 21 0.25 0.25 NUM iajs-3381 104 22 2.7777e-03 2.7777e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 1 6.4814e-03 6.4814e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 2 0.35 0.35 NUM iajs-3381 105 3 3.8888e-03 3.8888e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 4 9.0739e-03 9.0739e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 5 0.45 0.45 NUM iajs-3381 105 6 4.9999e-03 4.9999e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 7 1.1666e-02 1.1666e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 8 0.55 0.55 NUM iajs-3381 105 9 6.1110e-03 6.1110e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 10 1.4259e-02 1.4259e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 11 0.65 0.65 NUM iajs-3381 105 12 7.2221e-03 7.2221e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 13 1.6852e-02 1.6852e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 14 0.75 0.75 NUM iajs-3381 105 15 8.3332e-03 8.3332e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 16 1.9444e-02 1.9444e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 17 0.85 0.85 NUM iajs-3381 105 18 9.4443e-03 9.4443e-03 NUM iajs-3381 105 19 2.2037e-02 2.2037e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 20 0.95 0.95 NUM iajs-3381 105 21 1.0555e-02 1.0555e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 22 2.4629e-02 2.4629e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 23 1.05 1.05 NUM iajs-3381 105 24 1.1666e-02 1.1666e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 25 2.7222e-02 2.7222e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 26 1.15 1.15 NUM iajs-3381 105 27 1.2778e-02 1.2778e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 28 2.9814e-02 2.9814e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 29 1.25 1.25 NUM iajs-3381 105 30 1.3889e-02 1.3889e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 31 3.2407e-02 3.2407e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 32 1.35 1.35 NUM iajs-3381 105 33 1.5000e-02 1.5000e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 34 3.4999e-02 3.4999e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 35 1.45 1.45 NUM iajs-3381 105 36 1.6111e-02 1.6111e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 37 3.7592e-02 3.7592e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 38 1.55 1.55 NUM iajs-3381 105 39 1.7222e-02 1.7222e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 40 4.0185e-02 4.0185e-02 NUM iajs-3381 105 41 the the DET iajs-3381 105 42 current current NOUN iajs-3381 105 43 in in ADP iajs-3381 105 44 table table NOUN iajs-3381 105 45 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 105 46 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 105 47 indicates indicate VERB iajs-3381 105 48 that that SCONJ iajs-3381 105 49 it it PRON iajs-3381 105 50 depends depend VERB iajs-3381 105 51 on on ADP iajs-3381 105 52 the the DET iajs-3381 105 53 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 105 54 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 105 55 coupling couple VERB iajs-3381 105 56 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 105 57 between between ADP iajs-3381 105 58 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 105 59 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 105 60 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 105 61 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 105 62 in in ADP iajs-3381 105 63 a a DET iajs-3381 105 64 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 105 65 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 105 66 system system NOUN iajs-3381 105 67 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 106 1 it it PRON iajs-3381 106 2 can can AUX iajs-3381 106 3 be be AUX iajs-3381 106 4 seen see VERB iajs-3381 106 5 that that SCONJ iajs-3381 106 6 the the DET iajs-3381 106 7 current current NOUN iajs-3381 106 8 is be AUX iajs-3381 106 9 increased increase VERB iajs-3381 106 10 upon upon SCONJ iajs-3381 106 11 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 106 12 the the DET iajs-3381 106 13 coupling coupling NOUN iajs-3381 106 14 between between ADP iajs-3381 106 15 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 106 16 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 106 17 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 106 18 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 106 19 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 106 20 the the DET iajs-3381 106 21 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 106 22 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 107 1 however however ADV iajs-3381 107 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 107 3 the the DET iajs-3381 107 4 current current ADJ iajs-3381 107 5 density density NOUN iajs-3381 107 6 is be AUX iajs-3381 107 7 calculated calculate VERB iajs-3381 107 8 according accord VERB iajs-3381 107 9 to to ADP iajs-3381 107 10 eq eq PROPN iajs-3381 107 11 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 108 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 108 2 13 13 NUM iajs-3381 108 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 108 4 by by ADP iajs-3381 108 5 taking take VERB iajs-3381 108 6 the the DET iajs-3381 108 7 results result NOUN iajs-3381 108 8 from from ADP iajs-3381 108 9 table table NOUN iajs-3381 108 10 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 108 11 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 108 12 dividing divide VERB iajs-3381 108 13 by by ADP iajs-3381 108 14 the the DET iajs-3381 108 15 area area NOUN iajs-3381 108 16 of of ADP iajs-3381 108 17 the the DET iajs-3381 108 18 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 108 19 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 108 20 0.49 0.49 NUM iajs-3381 108 21 π‘π‘š2 π‘π‘š2 NOUN iajs-3381 108 22 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 109 1 [ [ X iajs-3381 109 2 36 36 NUM iajs-3381 109 3 ] ] PUNCT iajs-3381 109 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 110 1 the the DET iajs-3381 110 2 results result NOUN iajs-3381 110 3 are be AUX iajs-3381 110 4 shown show VERB iajs-3381 110 5 in in ADP iajs-3381 110 6 table table NOUN iajs-3381 110 7 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 110 8 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 110 9 table table NOUN iajs-3381 110 10 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 110 11 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 110 12 results result NOUN iajs-3381 110 13 of of ADP iajs-3381 110 14 current current ADJ iajs-3381 110 15 density density NOUN iajs-3381 110 16 for for ADP iajs-3381 110 17 n749 n749 PROPN iajs-3381 110 18 / / SYM iajs-3381 110 19 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 110 20 with with ADP iajs-3381 110 21 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 110 22 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 110 23 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 110 24 strength strength NOUN iajs-3381 110 25 coupling couple VERB iajs-3381 110 26 |πžπ•/ |πžπ•/ PROPN iajs-3381 110 27 𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞|𝟐 𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞|𝟐 ADJ iajs-3381 110 28 |〈π‘ͺπ‘ͺ𝑬𝑻βŒͺ|𝟐x10βˆ’2 |〈π‘ͺπ‘ͺ𝑬𝑻βŒͺ|𝟐x10βˆ’2 ADP iajs-3381 110 29 the the DET iajs-3381 110 30 current current ADJ iajs-3381 110 31 density density NOUN iajs-3381 110 32 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 110 33 π’Žπ‘¨ π’Žπ‘¨ PROPN iajs-3381 110 34 π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ ADV iajs-3381 110 35 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 110 36 the the DET iajs-3381 110 37 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 110 38 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 110 39 πŸ‘ πŸ‘ PUNCT iajs-3381 110 40 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 110 41 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– NUM iajs-3381 110 42 𝟏 𝟏 NUM iajs-3381 110 43 π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 110 44 πŸ• πŸ• NUM iajs-3381 110 45 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 110 46 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– NUM iajs-3381 110 47 𝟏 𝟏 NUM iajs-3381 110 48 π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 110 49 0.15 0.15 NUM iajs-3381 110 50 3.40122 3.40122 NUM iajs-3381 110 51 7.9363 7.9363 NUM iajs-3381 110 52 0.25 0.25 NUM iajs-3381 110 53 5.6687 5.6687 NUM iajs-3381 110 54 13.2273 13.2273 NUM iajs-3381 110 55 0.35 0.35 NUM iajs-3381 110 56 7.99363 7.99363 NUM iajs-3381 110 57 18.51816 18.51816 NUM iajs-3381 110 58 0.45 0.45 NUM iajs-3381 110 59 10.2038 10.2038 NUM iajs-3381 110 60 23.80816 23.80816 NUM iajs-3381 110 61 0.55 0.55 NUM iajs-3381 110 62 12.4714 12.4714 NUM iajs-3381 110 63 29.1 29.1 NUM iajs-3381 110 64 0.65 0.65 NUM iajs-3381 110 65 14.7387 14.7387 NUM iajs-3381 110 66 34.3918 34.3918 NUM iajs-3381 110 67 0.75 0.75 NUM iajs-3381 110 68 17.0065 17.0065 NUM iajs-3381 110 69 39.6816 39.6816 NUM iajs-3381 110 70 0.85 0.85 NUM iajs-3381 110 71 19.2747 19.2747 NUM iajs-3381 110 72 44.97346 44.97346 NUM iajs-3381 110 73 0.95 0.95 NUM iajs-3381 110 74 21.54081 21.54081 NUM iajs-3381 110 75 50.26326 50.26326 NUM iajs-3381 110 76 1.05 1.05 NUM iajs-3381 110 77 23,80816 23,80816 NUM iajs-3381 110 78 55.5551 55.5551 NUM iajs-3381 110 79 ihjpas ihjpa NOUN iajs-3381 110 80 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 111 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 111 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 111 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 111 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 111 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 111 6 188 188 NUM iajs-3381 111 7 both both CCONJ iajs-3381 111 8 current current ADJ iajs-3381 111 9 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 111 10 current current ADJ iajs-3381 111 11 density density NOUN iajs-3381 111 12 in in ADP iajs-3381 111 13 tables table NOUN iajs-3381 111 14 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 111 15 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 111 16 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 111 17 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 111 18 are be AUX iajs-3381 111 19 increased increase VERB iajs-3381 111 20 with with ADP iajs-3381 111 21 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 111 22 in in ADP iajs-3381 111 23 the the DET iajs-3381 111 24 coupling coupling NOUN iajs-3381 111 25 of of ADP iajs-3381 111 26 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 111 27 levels level NOUN iajs-3381 111 28 for for ADP iajs-3381 111 29 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 111 30 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 111 31 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 111 32 in in ADP iajs-3381 111 33 the the DET iajs-3381 111 34 system system NOUN iajs-3381 111 35 from from ADP iajs-3381 111 36 0.150x10βˆ’2 0.150x10βˆ’2 NUM iajs-3381 111 37 |ev/ |ev/ PROPN iajs-3381 111 38 state|2 state|2 NOUN iajs-3381 111 39 to to ADP iajs-3381 111 40 1.550x10βˆ’2 1.550x10βˆ’2 NUM iajs-3381 111 41 |ev/ |ev/ PROPN iajs-3381 111 42 state|2 state|2 NOUN iajs-3381 111 43 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 112 1 however however ADV iajs-3381 112 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 112 3 the the DET iajs-3381 112 4 current current ADJ iajs-3381 112 5 density density NOUN iajs-3381 112 6 in in ADP iajs-3381 112 7 table table NOUN iajs-3381 112 8 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 112 9 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 112 10 increases increase VERB iajs-3381 112 11 with with ADP iajs-3381 112 12 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 112 13 the the DET iajs-3381 112 14 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 112 15 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 112 16 with with ADP iajs-3381 112 17 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 112 18 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 112 19 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 112 20 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 112 21 media medium NOUN iajs-3381 112 22 in in ADP iajs-3381 112 23 the the DET iajs-3381 112 24 system system NOUN iajs-3381 112 25 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 112 26 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 113 1 in in ADP iajs-3381 113 2 turn turn NOUN iajs-3381 113 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 113 4 the the DET iajs-3381 113 5 current current ADJ iajs-3381 113 6 density density NOUN iajs-3381 113 7 is be AUX iajs-3381 113 8 affected affect VERB iajs-3381 113 9 by by ADP iajs-3381 113 10 the the DET iajs-3381 113 11 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 113 12 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 113 13 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 113 14 j j PROPN iajs-3381 113 15 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 113 16 v v PROPN iajs-3381 113 17 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 113 18 of of ADP iajs-3381 113 19 the the DET iajs-3381 113 20 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 113 21 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 114 1 as as SCONJ iajs-3381 114 2 it it PRON iajs-3381 114 3 can can AUX iajs-3381 114 4 be be AUX iajs-3381 114 5 seen see VERB iajs-3381 114 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 114 7 the the DET iajs-3381 114 8 current current ADJ iajs-3381 114 9 density density NOUN iajs-3381 114 10 increases increase VERB iajs-3381 114 11 with with ADP iajs-3381 114 12 an an DET iajs-3381 114 13 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 114 14 the the DET iajs-3381 114 15 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 114 16 from from ADP iajs-3381 114 17 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 114 18 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 114 19 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 114 20 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 114 21 πΆπ‘š3 πΆπ‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 114 22 to to ADP iajs-3381 114 23 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 114 24 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 114 25 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 114 26 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 114 27 πΆπ‘š3 πΆπ‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 114 28 by by ADP iajs-3381 114 29 a a DET iajs-3381 114 30 percentage percentage NOUN iajs-3381 114 31 2.33 2.33 NUM iajs-3381 114 32 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 115 1 this this PRON iajs-3381 115 2 means mean VERB iajs-3381 115 3 more more ADJ iajs-3381 115 4 electrons electron NOUN iajs-3381 115 5 are be AUX iajs-3381 115 6 transferred transfer VERB iajs-3381 115 7 with with ADP iajs-3381 115 8 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 115 9 the the DET iajs-3381 115 10 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 115 11 cross cross NOUN iajs-3381 115 12 - - NOUN iajs-3381 115 13 interface interface NOUN iajs-3381 115 14 of of ADP iajs-3381 115 15 n719 n719 NUM iajs-3381 115 16 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 115 17 contact contact NOUN iajs-3381 115 18 with with ADP iajs-3381 115 19 the the DET iajs-3381 115 20 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 115 21 hetero hetero NOUN iajs-3381 115 22 junction junction NOUN iajs-3381 115 23 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 116 1 additionally additionally ADV iajs-3381 116 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 116 3 the the DET iajs-3381 116 4 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 116 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 116 6 coupling couple VERB iajs-3381 116 7 constant constant ADJ iajs-3381 116 8 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 116 9 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 116 10 current current ADJ iajs-3381 116 11 density density NOUN iajs-3381 116 12 limit limit VERB iajs-3381 116 13 the the DET iajs-3381 116 14 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 116 15 properties property NOUN iajs-3381 116 16 of of ADP iajs-3381 116 17 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 116 18 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 116 19 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 116 20 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 117 1 the the DET iajs-3381 117 2 current current ADJ iajs-3381 117 3 density density NOUN iajs-3381 117 4 increases increase VERB iajs-3381 117 5 with with ADP iajs-3381 117 6 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 117 7 the the DET iajs-3381 117 8 coupling coupling NOUN iajs-3381 117 9 for for ADP iajs-3381 117 10 concentrations concentration NOUN iajs-3381 117 11 in in ADP iajs-3381 117 12 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 117 13 system system NOUN iajs-3381 117 14 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 118 1 the the DET iajs-3381 118 2 photovoltaic photovoltaic PROPN iajs-3381 118 3 j j PROPN iajs-3381 118 4 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 118 5 v v NOUN iajs-3381 118 6 results result NOUN iajs-3381 118 7 of of ADP iajs-3381 118 8 current current ADJ iajs-3381 118 9 density density NOUN iajs-3381 118 10 j j PROPN iajs-3381 118 11 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 118 12 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 118 13 / / SYM iajs-3381 118 14 cm2 cm2 NOUN iajs-3381 118 15 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 118 16 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 118 17 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 118 18 in in ADP iajs-3381 118 19 volt volt NOUN iajs-3381 118 20 for for SCONJ iajs-3381 118 21 the the DET iajs-3381 118 22 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 118 23 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 118 24 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 118 25 using use VERB iajs-3381 118 26 theoretical theoretical ADJ iajs-3381 118 27 methods method NOUN iajs-3381 118 28 are be AUX iajs-3381 118 29 shown show VERB iajs-3381 118 30 in in ADP iajs-3381 118 31 table table NOUN iajs-3381 118 32 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 118 33 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 118 34 table table NOUN iajs-3381 118 35 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 118 36 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 119 1 the the DET iajs-3381 119 2 photovoltaic photovoltaic PROPN iajs-3381 119 3 j j PROPN iajs-3381 119 4 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 119 5 v v NOUN iajs-3381 119 6 results result NOUN iajs-3381 119 7 for for ADP iajs-3381 119 8 n719 n719 PRON iajs-3381 119 9 / / SYM iajs-3381 119 10 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 119 11 with with ADP iajs-3381 119 12 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 119 13 - - NOUN iajs-3381 119 14 butano butano VERB iajs-3381 119 15 the the DET iajs-3381 119 16 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 119 17 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 119 18 πŸ‘ πŸ‘ PUNCT iajs-3381 119 19 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 119 20 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– NUM iajs-3381 119 21 𝟏 𝟏 NUM iajs-3381 119 22 π’„π’ŽπŸ‘ π’„π’ŽπŸ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 119 23 πŸ• πŸ• NUM iajs-3381 119 24 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 119 25 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– NUM iajs-3381 119 26 𝟏 𝟏 NUM iajs-3381 119 27 πœπ¦πŸ‘ πœπ¦πŸ‘ PROPN iajs-3381 119 28 v v NOUN iajs-3381 119 29 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 119 30 volt volt NOUN iajs-3381 119 31 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 119 32 𝑱(𝑬 𝑱(𝑬 PROPN iajs-3381 119 33 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 119 34 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 119 35 π’Žπ‘¨ π’Žπ‘¨ PROPN iajs-3381 119 36 π’„π’ŽπŸ π’„π’ŽπŸ PROPN iajs-3381 119 37 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 119 38 v v NOUN iajs-3381 119 39 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 119 40 volt volt NOUN iajs-3381 119 41 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 119 42 𝑱(𝑬 𝑱(𝑬 PROPN iajs-3381 119 43 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 119 44 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 119 45 π’Žπ‘¨ π’Žπ‘¨ PROPN iajs-3381 119 46 π’„π’ŽπŸ π’„π’ŽπŸ PROPN iajs-3381 119 47 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 120 1 0.8299 0.8299 NUM iajs-3381 120 2 0 0 NUM iajs-3381 121 1 0.8398 0.8398 NUM iajs-3381 121 2 0 0 NUM iajs-3381 121 3 0.8 0.8 NUM iajs-3381 121 4 3.40122 3.40122 NUM iajs-3381 121 5 0.8 0.8 NUM iajs-3381 121 6 7.9363 7.9363 NUM iajs-3381 121 7 0.75 0.75 NUM iajs-3381 121 8 5.6687 5.6687 NUM iajs-3381 121 9 0.75 0.75 NUM iajs-3381 121 10 13.2273 13.2273 NUM iajs-3381 121 11 0.7 0.7 NUM iajs-3381 121 12 7.99363 7.99363 NUM iajs-3381 121 13 0.7 0.7 NUM iajs-3381 121 14 18.51816 18.51816 NUM iajs-3381 121 15 0.65 0.65 NUM iajs-3381 121 16 10.2038 10.2038 NUM iajs-3381 121 17 0.65 0.65 NUM iajs-3381 121 18 23.80816 23.80816 NUM iajs-3381 121 19 0.6 0.6 NUM iajs-3381 121 20 12.4714 12.4714 NUM iajs-3381 121 21 0.6 0.6 NUM iajs-3381 121 22 29.1 29.1 NUM iajs-3381 121 23 0.55 0.55 NUM iajs-3381 121 24 14.7387 14.7387 NUM iajs-3381 121 25 0.55 0.55 NUM iajs-3381 121 26 34.3918 34.3918 NUM iajs-3381 121 27 0.5 0.5 NUM iajs-3381 121 28 17.0065 17.0065 NUM iajs-3381 121 29 0.5 0.5 NUM iajs-3381 121 30 39.6816 39.6816 NUM iajs-3381 121 31 0.45 0.45 NUM iajs-3381 121 32 19.2747 19.2747 NUM iajs-3381 121 33 0.45 0.45 NUM iajs-3381 121 34 44.97346 44.97346 NUM iajs-3381 121 35 0.4 0.4 NUM iajs-3381 121 36 21.54081 21.54081 NUM iajs-3381 121 37 0.4 0.4 NUM iajs-3381 121 38 50.26326 50.26326 NUM iajs-3381 121 39 0.35 0.35 NUM iajs-3381 121 40 23,80816 23,80816 NUM iajs-3381 121 41 0.35 0.35 NUM iajs-3381 121 42 55.5551 55.5551 NUM iajs-3381 121 43 0.3 0.3 NUM iajs-3381 121 44 26.07755 26.07755 NUM iajs-3381 121 45 0.3 0.3 NUM iajs-3381 121 46 60.84489 60.84489 NUM iajs-3381 121 47 0.25 0.25 NUM iajs-3381 121 48 28.344898 28.344898 NUM iajs-3381 121 49 0.25 0.25 NUM iajs-3381 121 50 136766 136766 NUM iajs-3381 121 51 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 122 1 0.2 0.2 NUM iajs-3381 122 2 30.61224 30.61224 NUM iajs-3381 122 3 0.2 0.2 NUM iajs-3381 122 4 71.4265 71.4265 NUM iajs-3381 122 5 0.15 0.15 NUM iajs-3381 122 6 32.87959 32.87959 NUM iajs-3381 122 7 0.15 0.15 NUM iajs-3381 122 8 76.7183 76.7183 NUM iajs-3381 122 9 0.1 0.1 NUM iajs-3381 122 10 35.1469 35.1469 NUM iajs-3381 122 11 0.1 0.1 NUM iajs-3381 122 12 82.201020 82.201020 NUM iajs-3381 122 13 0 0 NUM iajs-3381 122 14 37.3034 37.3034 NUM iajs-3381 122 15 0 0 NUM iajs-3381 122 16 87.5728 87.5728 NUM iajs-3381 122 17 1.15 1.15 NUM iajs-3381 122 18 26.07755 26.07755 NUM iajs-3381 122 19 60.84489 60.84489 NUM iajs-3381 122 20 1.25 1.25 NUM iajs-3381 122 21 28.344898 28.344898 NUM iajs-3381 122 22 136766 136766 NUM iajs-3381 122 23 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 123 1 1.35 1.35 NUM iajs-3381 123 2 30.61224 30.61224 NUM iajs-3381 123 3 71.4265 71.4265 NUM iajs-3381 123 4 1.45 1.45 NUM iajs-3381 123 5 32.87959 32.87959 NUM iajs-3381 123 6 76.7183 76.7183 NUM iajs-3381 123 7 1.55 1.55 NUM iajs-3381 123 8 35.1469 35.1469 NUM iajs-3381 123 9 82.201020 82.201020 NUM iajs-3381 123 10 ihjpas ihjpa NOUN iajs-3381 123 11 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 124 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 124 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 124 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 124 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 124 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 124 6 189 189 NUM iajs-3381 124 7 the the DET iajs-3381 124 8 j j PROPN iajs-3381 124 9 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 124 10 v v PROPN iajs-3381 124 11 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 124 12 are be AUX iajs-3381 124 13 plotted plot VERB iajs-3381 124 14 in in ADP iajs-3381 124 15 figure figure NOUN iajs-3381 124 16 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 124 17 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 124 18 with with ADP iajs-3381 124 19 two two NUM iajs-3381 124 20 concentrations concentration NOUN iajs-3381 124 21 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 125 1 depending depend VERB iajs-3381 125 2 on on ADP iajs-3381 125 3 the the DET iajs-3381 125 4 two two NUM iajs-3381 125 5 curves curve NOUN iajs-3381 125 6 in in ADP iajs-3381 125 7 figures figure NOUN iajs-3381 125 8 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 125 9 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 125 10 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 125 11 the the DET iajs-3381 125 12 average average ADJ iajs-3381 125 13 current current NOUN iajs-3381 125 14 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 125 15 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 125 16 in in ADP iajs-3381 125 17 the the DET iajs-3381 125 18 open open ADJ iajs-3381 125 19 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 125 20 can can AUX iajs-3381 125 21 be be AUX iajs-3381 125 22 limited limit VERB iajs-3381 125 23 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 125 24 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 125 25 the the DET iajs-3381 125 26 results result NOUN iajs-3381 125 27 are be AUX iajs-3381 125 28 listed list VERB iajs-3381 125 29 in in ADP iajs-3381 125 30 table table NOUN iajs-3381 125 31 4 4 NUM iajs-3381 125 32 for for ADP iajs-3381 125 33 both both DET iajs-3381 125 34 concentrations concentration NOUN iajs-3381 125 35 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 126 1 furthermore furthermore ADV iajs-3381 126 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 126 3 the the DET iajs-3381 126 4 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 126 5 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 126 6 can can AUX iajs-3381 126 7 be be AUX iajs-3381 126 8 estimated estimate VERB iajs-3381 126 9 using use VERB iajs-3381 126 10 eq.(14 eq.(14 NOUN iajs-3381 126 11 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 126 12 under under ADP iajs-3381 126 13 simulated simulate VERB iajs-3381 126 14 am be AUX iajs-3381 126 15 1.5 1.5 NUM iajs-3381 126 16 global global ADJ iajs-3381 126 17 sunlight sunlight NOUN iajs-3381 126 18 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 126 19 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 126 20 sun sun NOUN iajs-3381 126 21 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 126 22 100 100 NUM iajs-3381 126 23 mw mw ADJ iajs-3381 126 24 / / SYM iajs-3381 126 25 cm2 cm2 NOUN iajs-3381 126 26 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 126 27 by by ADP iajs-3381 126 28 using use VERB iajs-3381 126 29 data datum NOUN iajs-3381 126 30 of of ADP iajs-3381 126 31 average average ADJ iajs-3381 126 32 current current NOUN iajs-3381 126 33 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 126 34 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 126 35 in in ADP iajs-3381 126 36 the the DET iajs-3381 126 37 open open ADJ iajs-3381 126 38 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 126 39 from from ADP iajs-3381 126 40 the the DET iajs-3381 126 41 curves curve NOUN iajs-3381 126 42 in in ADP iajs-3381 126 43 figure figure NOUN iajs-3381 126 44 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 126 45 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 127 1 the the DET iajs-3381 127 2 results result NOUN iajs-3381 127 3 are be AUX iajs-3381 127 4 shown show VERB iajs-3381 127 5 in in ADP iajs-3381 127 6 table table NOUN iajs-3381 127 7 4 4 NUM iajs-3381 127 8 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 127 9 for for ADP iajs-3381 127 10 both both DET iajs-3381 127 11 concentrations concentration NOUN iajs-3381 127 12 of of ADP iajs-3381 127 13 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 127 14 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 127 15 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 127 16 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 127 17 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 128 1 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 128 2 a a X iajs-3381 128 3 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 128 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 128 5 b b X iajs-3381 128 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 128 7 figure figure NOUN iajs-3381 128 8 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 128 9 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 129 1 the the DET iajs-3381 129 2 j j PROPN iajs-3381 129 3 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 129 4 v v NOUN iajs-3381 129 5 curves curve NOUN iajs-3381 129 6 with with ADP iajs-3381 129 7 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 129 8 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 129 9 a a NOUN iajs-3381 129 10 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 129 11 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 129 12 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 129 13 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 129 14 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 129 15 π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 129 16 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 129 17 b b X iajs-3381 129 18 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 129 19 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 129 20 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 129 21 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 129 22 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 129 23 π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ π‘ͺπ’ŽπŸ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 129 24 of of ADP iajs-3381 129 25 the the DET iajs-3381 129 26 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 129 27 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 129 28 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 129 29 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 129 30 table table NOUN iajs-3381 129 31 4 4 NUM iajs-3381 129 32 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 130 1 photovoltaic photovoltaic NOUN iajs-3381 130 2 parameters parameter NOUN iajs-3381 130 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 130 4 the the DET iajs-3381 130 5 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 130 6 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 130 7 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 130 8 dsscs dssc NOUN iajs-3381 130 9 employing employ VERB iajs-3381 130 10 two two NUM iajs-3381 130 11 different different ADJ iajs-3381 130 12 types type NOUN iajs-3381 130 13 of of ADP iajs-3381 130 14 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 130 15 carriers carrier NOUN iajs-3381 130 16 as as SCONJ iajs-3381 130 17 it it PRON iajs-3381 130 18 can can AUX iajs-3381 130 19 be be AUX iajs-3381 130 20 seen see VERB iajs-3381 130 21 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 130 22 the the DET iajs-3381 130 23 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 130 24 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 130 25 increases increase VERB iajs-3381 130 26 with with ADP iajs-3381 130 27 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 130 28 the the DET iajs-3381 130 29 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 130 30 from from ADP iajs-3381 130 31 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 130 32 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 130 33 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 130 34 1/π‘π‘š3to 1/π‘π‘š3to NUM iajs-3381 130 35 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 130 36 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 130 37 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 130 38 1/π‘π‘š3 1/π‘π‘š3 NUM iajs-3381 130 39 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 130 40 table table NOUN iajs-3381 130 41 4 4 NUM iajs-3381 130 42 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 130 43 shows show VERB iajs-3381 130 44 that that SCONJ iajs-3381 130 45 the the DET iajs-3381 130 46 average average ADJ iajs-3381 130 47 current current NOUN iajs-3381 130 48 π½π‘š π½π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 130 49 is be AUX iajs-3381 130 50 32.755 32.755 NUM iajs-3381 130 51 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 130 52 / / SYM iajs-3381 130 53 cm2 cm2 PROPN iajs-3381 130 54 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 130 55 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 130 56 π‘‰π‘š π‘‰π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 130 57 is be AUX iajs-3381 130 58 0.195v 0.195v NOUN iajs-3381 130 59 in in ADP iajs-3381 130 60 open open ADJ iajs-3381 130 61 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 130 62 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 130 63 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 130 64 the the DET iajs-3381 130 65 current current ADJ iajs-3381 130 66 𝐽𝑆𝑐 𝐽𝑆𝑐 NOUN iajs-3381 130 67 is be AUX iajs-3381 130 68 37.3034 37.3034 NUM iajs-3381 130 69 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 130 70 / / SYM iajs-3381 130 71 cm2 cm2 PROPN iajs-3381 130 72 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 130 73 the the DET iajs-3381 130 74 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 130 75 π‘‰π‘œπ‘ π‘‰π‘œπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 130 76 is be AUX iajs-3381 130 77 0.8299 0.8299 NUM iajs-3381 130 78 v v NOUN iajs-3381 130 79 in in ADP iajs-3381 130 80 open open ADJ iajs-3381 130 81 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 130 82 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 131 1 the the DET iajs-3381 131 2 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 131 3 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 131 4 ff ff NOUN iajs-3381 131 5     SPACE iajs-3381 131 6 = = NOUN iajs-3381 131 7     SPACE iajs-3381 131 8 0.206 0.206 NUM iajs-3381 131 9 of of ADP iajs-3381 131 10 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 131 11 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 131 12 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 131 13 dssc dssc NOUN iajs-3381 131 14 with with ADP iajs-3381 131 15 concentration3 concentration3 PROPN iajs-3381 131 16 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 131 17 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 PROPN iajs-3381 131 18 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 132 1 on on ADP iajs-3381 132 2 the the DET iajs-3381 132 3 other other ADJ iajs-3381 132 4 hand hand NOUN iajs-3381 132 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 132 6 the the DET iajs-3381 132 7 average average ADJ iajs-3381 132 8 current current NOUN iajs-3381 132 9 π½π‘š π½π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 132 10 is be AUX iajs-3381 132 11 61.010 61.010 NUM iajs-3381 132 12 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 132 13 / / SYM iajs-3381 132 14 cm2 cm2 PROPN iajs-3381 132 15 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 132 16 the the DET iajs-3381 132 17 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 132 18 π‘‰π‘š π‘‰π‘š PROPN iajs-3381 132 19 is be AUX iajs-3381 132 20 0.31v 0.31v VERB iajs-3381 132 21 in in ADP iajs-3381 132 22 open open ADJ iajs-3381 132 23 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 132 24 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 132 25 where where SCONJ iajs-3381 132 26 the the DET iajs-3381 132 27 current current ADJ iajs-3381 132 28 𝐼𝑆𝑐 𝐼𝑆𝑐 NOUN iajs-3381 132 29 is be AUX iajs-3381 132 30 87.5728 87.5728 NUM iajs-3381 132 31 ma ma PROPN iajs-3381 132 32 / / SYM iajs-3381 132 33 cm2 cm2 PROPN iajs-3381 132 34 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 132 35 voltage voltage NOUN iajs-3381 132 36 π‘‰π‘œπ‘ π‘‰π‘œπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 132 37 is be AUX iajs-3381 132 38 0.8398v 0.8398v ADJ iajs-3381 132 39 in in ADP iajs-3381 132 40 open open ADJ iajs-3381 132 41 circuit circuit NOUN iajs-3381 132 42 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 132 43 that that SCONJ iajs-3381 132 44 the the DET iajs-3381 132 45 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 132 46 achieved achieve VERB iajs-3381 132 47 a a DET iajs-3381 132 48 ff ff NOUN iajs-3381 132 49     SPACE iajs-3381 132 50 = = NOUN iajs-3381 132 51     SPACE iajs-3381 132 52 0.257 0.257 NUM iajs-3381 132 53 at at ADP iajs-3381 132 54 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 132 55 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 132 56 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 132 57 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 NOUN iajs-3381 132 58 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 133 1 however however ADV iajs-3381 133 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 133 3 𝐽𝑆𝑐 𝐽𝑆𝑐 NOUN iajs-3381 133 4 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 133 5     SPACE iajs-3381 133 6 87.5728 87.5728 NUM iajs-3381 133 7 macmβˆ’ macmβˆ’ ADJ iajs-3381 133 8     SPACE iajs-3381 133 9 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 133 10 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 133 11 at at ADP iajs-3381 133 12 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 133 13 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 133 14 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 133 15 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 PROPN iajs-3381 133 16 was be AUX iajs-3381 133 17 relatively relatively ADV iajs-3381 133 18 higher high ADJ iajs-3381 133 19 than than ADP iajs-3381 133 20 𝐽𝑆𝑐 𝐽𝑆𝑐 NOUN iajs-3381 133 21     SPACE iajs-3381 133 22 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 133 23     SPACE iajs-3381 133 24 37.3034 37.3034 NUM iajs-3381 133 25 macmβˆ’ macmβˆ’ ADJ iajs-3381 133 26     SPACE iajs-3381 133 27 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 133 28 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 133 29 at at ADP iajs-3381 133 30 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 133 31 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 133 32 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 133 33 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 NOUN iajs-3381 133 34 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 133 35 the the DET iajs-3381 133 36 π‘‰π‘œπ‘ π‘‰π‘œπ‘ PROPN iajs-3381 133 37 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 133 38 0.8398v 0.8398v NUM iajs-3381 133 39 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 133 40 at at ADP iajs-3381 133 41 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 133 42 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 133 43 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 PROPN iajs-3381 133 44 was be AUX iajs-3381 133 45 almost almost ADV iajs-3381 133 46 the the DET iajs-3381 133 47 same same ADJ iajs-3381 133 48 to to ADP iajs-3381 133 49 the the DET iajs-3381 133 50 π‘‰π‘œπ‘ π‘‰π‘œπ‘ NOUN iajs-3381 133 51     SPACE iajs-3381 133 52 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 133 53     SPACE iajs-3381 133 54 0.8299v 0.8299v NOUN iajs-3381 133 55 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 133 56 at at ADP iajs-3381 133 57 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 133 58 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 133 59 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 133 60 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 1018π‘π‘šβˆ’3 NOUN iajs-3381 133 61 offered offer VERB iajs-3381 133 62 by by ADP iajs-3381 133 63 the the DET iajs-3381 133 64 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 133 65 electrode electrode NOUN iajs-3381 133 66 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 134 1 however however ADV iajs-3381 134 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 134 3 the the DET iajs-3381 134 4 increased increase VERB iajs-3381 134 5 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 134 6 the the DET iajs-3381 134 7 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 134 8 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 134 9 results result NOUN iajs-3381 134 10 in in ADP iajs-3381 134 11 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 134 12 the the DET iajs-3381 134 13 current current ADJ iajs-3381 134 14 density density NOUN iajs-3381 134 15 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 134 16 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 134 17 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 134 18 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 135 1 4 4 X iajs-3381 135 2 . . X iajs-3381 135 3 conclusion conclusion VERB iajs-3381 135 4 the the DET iajs-3381 135 5 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 135 6 characteristics characteristic NOUN iajs-3381 135 7 of of ADP iajs-3381 135 8 the the DET iajs-3381 135 9 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 135 10 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 135 11 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 135 12 device device NOUN iajs-3381 135 13 are be AUX iajs-3381 135 14 investigated investigate VERB iajs-3381 135 15 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 135 16 studied study VERB iajs-3381 135 17 using use VERB iajs-3381 135 18 a a DET iajs-3381 135 19 simple simple ADJ iajs-3381 135 20 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 135 21 model model NOUN iajs-3381 135 22 for for ADP iajs-3381 135 23 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 135 24 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 135 25 using use VERB iajs-3381 135 26 two two NUM iajs-3381 135 27 different different ADJ iajs-3381 135 28 concentrations concentration NOUN iajs-3381 135 29 of of ADP iajs-3381 135 30 carriers carrier NOUN iajs-3381 135 31 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 136 1 the the DET iajs-3381 136 2 butanol butanol NOUN iajs-3381 136 3 solvent solvent NOUN iajs-3381 136 4 was be AUX iajs-3381 136 5 an an DET iajs-3381 136 6 active active ADJ iajs-3381 136 7 media medium NOUN iajs-3381 136 8 for for ADP iajs-3381 136 9 the the DET iajs-3381 136 10 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 136 11 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 136 12 tio2 tio2 VERB iajs-3381 136 13 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 136 14 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 136 15 due due ADP iajs-3381 136 16 to to ADP iajs-3381 136 17 the the DET iajs-3381 136 18 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 136 19 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 136 20 that that PRON iajs-3381 136 21 's be AUX iajs-3381 136 22 affected affect VERB iajs-3381 136 23 by by ADP iajs-3381 136 24 the the DET iajs-3381 136 25 variables variable NOUN iajs-3381 136 26 the the DET iajs-3381 136 27 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 136 28 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 136 29 𝟏/π’„π’ŽπŸ‘ 𝟏/π’„π’ŽπŸ‘ NUM iajs-3381 136 30 πŸ‘ πŸ‘ NUM iajs-3381 136 31 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 136 32 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– NUM iajs-3381 136 33 πŸ• πŸ• NUM iajs-3381 136 34 Γ— Γ— PROPN iajs-3381 136 35 πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– πŸπŸŽπŸπŸ– NUM iajs-3381 136 36 𝑱𝑺𝒄(π’Žπ‘¨/π’„π’ŽπŸ 𝑱𝑺𝒄(π’Žπ‘¨/π’„π’ŽπŸ NOUN iajs-3381 136 37 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 136 38 37.3034 37.3034 NUM iajs-3381 136 39 87.5728 87.5728 NUM iajs-3381 136 40 𝑽𝒐𝒄 𝑽𝒐𝒄 PROPN iajs-3381 136 41 volt volt VERB iajs-3381 136 42 0.8299 0.8299 NUM iajs-3381 136 43 0.8398 0.8398 NUM iajs-3381 136 44 π‘±π’Ž(π’Žπ‘¨/π’„π’ŽπŸ π‘±π’Ž(π’Žπ‘¨/π’„π’ŽπŸ NOUN iajs-3381 136 45 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 136 46 32.755 32.755 NUM iajs-3381 136 47 61.010 61.010 NUM iajs-3381 136 48 π‘½π’Ž π‘½π’Ž PROPN iajs-3381 136 49 volt volt NOUN iajs-3381 136 50 0.195 0.195 NUM iajs-3381 136 51 0.31 0.31 NUM iajs-3381 136 52 f.f f.f PROPN iajs-3381 136 53 0.206 0.206 NUM iajs-3381 136 54 0.257 0.257 NUM iajs-3381 136 55 ihjpas ihjpa NOUN iajs-3381 136 56 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 137 1 37 37 NUM iajs-3381 137 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 137 3 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 137 4 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 137 5 2024 2024 NUM iajs-3381 137 6 190 190 NUM iajs-3381 137 7 current current ADJ iajs-3381 137 8 density density NOUN iajs-3381 137 9 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 137 10 fills fill VERB iajs-3381 137 11 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 137 12 parameters parameter NOUN iajs-3381 137 13 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 138 1 current current ADJ iajs-3381 138 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 138 3 current current ADJ iajs-3381 138 4 density density NOUN iajs-3381 138 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 138 6 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 138 7 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 138 8 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 138 9 are be AUX iajs-3381 138 10 strongly strongly ADV iajs-3381 138 11 influenced influence VERB iajs-3381 138 12 by by ADP iajs-3381 138 13 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 138 14 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 138 15 coupling couple VERB iajs-3381 138 16 constants constant NOUN iajs-3381 138 17 with with ADP iajs-3381 138 18 limit limit NOUN iajs-3381 138 19 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 138 20 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 138 21 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 139 1 increasing increase VERB iajs-3381 139 2 both both PRON iajs-3381 139 3 coupling couple VERB iajs-3381 139 4 strength strength NOUN iajs-3381 139 5 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 139 6 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 139 7 at at ADP iajs-3381 139 8 limited limited ADJ iajs-3381 139 9 transition transition NOUN iajs-3381 139 10 energy energy NOUN iajs-3381 139 11 reduced reduce VERB iajs-3381 139 12 increased increase VERB iajs-3381 139 13 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 139 14 through through ADP iajs-3381 139 15 n719 n719 NOUN iajs-3381 139 16 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 139 17 tio2 tio2 NOUN iajs-3381 139 18 devices device NOUN iajs-3381 139 19 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 139 20 affected affect VERB iajs-3381 139 21 the the DET iajs-3381 139 22 j j PROPN iajs-3381 139 23 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 139 24 v v NOUN iajs-3381 139 25 characteristic characteristic ADJ iajs-3381 139 26 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 139 27 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 139 28 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 139 29 of of ADP iajs-3381 139 30 the the DET iajs-3381 139 31 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 139 32 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 139 33 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 140 1 the the DET iajs-3381 140 2 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 140 3 61.010 61.010 NUM iajs-3381 140 4 ma/ ma/ X iajs-3381 140 5 cm2 cm2 NOUN iajs-3381 140 6 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 140 7 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 140 8 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 140 9 0.31 0.31 NUM iajs-3381 140 10 volt volt NOUN iajs-3381 140 11 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 140 12 exhibit exhibit VERB iajs-3381 140 13 large large ADJ iajs-3381 140 14 values value NOUN iajs-3381 140 15 of of ADP iajs-3381 140 16 ff ff NOUN iajs-3381 140 17 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 140 18 0.286 0.286 NUM iajs-3381 140 19 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 140 20 at at ADP iajs-3381 140 21 a a DET iajs-3381 140 22 carrier carrier NOUN iajs-3381 140 23 concentration concentration NOUN iajs-3381 140 24 of of ADP iajs-3381 140 25 about about ADV iajs-3381 140 26 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 140 27 Γ— Γ— NOUN iajs-3381 140 28 1018 1018 NUM iajs-3381 140 29 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 140 30 π‘π‘š3 π‘π‘š3 NOUN iajs-3381 140 31 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 140 32 which which PRON iajs-3381 140 33 helps help VERB iajs-3381 140 34 in in ADP iajs-3381 140 35 understanding understand VERB iajs-3381 140 36 the the DET iajs-3381 140 37 performance performance NOUN iajs-3381 140 38 device device NOUN iajs-3381 140 39 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 141 1 acknowledgement acknowledgement NOUN iajs-3381 141 2 i i PRON iajs-3381 141 3 extend extend VERB iajs-3381 141 4 my my PRON iajs-3381 141 5 thanks thank NOUN iajs-3381 141 6 to to ADP iajs-3381 141 7 the the DET iajs-3381 141 8 college college NOUN iajs-3381 141 9 of of ADP iajs-3381 141 10 education education NOUN iajs-3381 141 11 for for ADP iajs-3381 141 12 pure pure ADJ iajs-3381 141 13 science science NOUN iajs-3381 141 14 ibn ibn PROPN iajs-3381 141 15 al al PROPN iajs-3381 141 16 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 141 17 haitham haitham PROPN iajs-3381 141 18 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 141 19 university university NOUN iajs-3381 141 20 of of ADP iajs-3381 141 21 baghdad baghdad PROPN iajs-3381 141 22 for for ADP iajs-3381 141 23 assisting assist VERB iajs-3381 141 24 in in ADP iajs-3381 141 25 completing complete VERB iajs-3381 141 26 this this DET iajs-3381 141 27 work work NOUN iajs-3381 141 28 by by ADP iajs-3381 141 29 opening open VERB iajs-3381 141 30 private private ADJ iajs-3381 141 31 laboratories laboratory NOUN iajs-3381 141 32 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 141 33 providing provide VERB iajs-3381 141 34 scientific scientific ADJ iajs-3381 141 35 facilities facility NOUN iajs-3381 141 36 by by ADP iajs-3381 141 37 the the DET iajs-3381 141 38 staff staff NOUN iajs-3381 141 39 of of ADP iajs-3381 141 40 the the DET iajs-3381 141 41 physics physics PROPN iajs-3381 141 42 department department PROPN iajs-3381 141 43 to to PART iajs-3381 141 44 help help VERB iajs-3381 141 45 support support VERB iajs-3381 141 46 the the DET iajs-3381 141 47 research research NOUN iajs-3381 141 48 project project NOUN iajs-3381 141 49 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 142 1 conflict conflict NOUN iajs-3381 142 2 of of ADP iajs-3381 142 3 interest interest NOUN iajs-3381 142 4 the the DET iajs-3381 142 5 authors author NOUN iajs-3381 142 6 declare declare VERB iajs-3381 142 7 that that SCONJ iajs-3381 142 8 they they PRON iajs-3381 142 9 have have VERB iajs-3381 142 10 no no DET iajs-3381 142 11 conflicts conflict NOUN iajs-3381 142 12 of of ADP iajs-3381 142 13 interest interest NOUN iajs-3381 142 14 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 143 1 funding funding NOUN iajs-3381 143 2 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 143 3 none none NOUN iajs-3381 143 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 144 1 references reference NOUN iajs-3381 144 2 1 1 NUM iajs-3381 144 3 . . X iajs-3381 144 4 wilson wilson PROPN iajs-3381 144 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 6 g. g. PROPN iajs-3381 144 7 m. m. PROPN iajs-3381 144 8 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 9 al al PROPN iajs-3381 144 10 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 144 11 jassim jassim PROPN iajs-3381 144 12 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 13 m m PROPN iajs-3381 144 14 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 15 metzger metzger PROPN iajs-3381 144 16 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 17 w. w. PROPN iajs-3381 144 18 k. k. PROPN iajs-3381 144 19 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 20 glunz glunz PROPN iajs-3381 144 21 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 22 s. s. PROPN iajs-3381 144 23 w. w. PROPN iajs-3381 144 24 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 25 verlinden verlinden ADJ iajs-3381 144 26 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 27 p. p. PROPN iajs-3381 144 28 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 29 xiong xiong PROPN iajs-3381 144 30 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 31 g. g. PROPN iajs-3381 144 32 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 33 mansfield mansfield PROPN iajs-3381 144 34 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 35 l. l. PROPN iajs-3381 144 36 m. m. PROPN iajs-3381 144 37 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 38 stanbery stanbery PROPN iajs-3381 144 39 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 40 b. b. PROPN iajs-3381 144 41 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 144 42 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 43 zhu zhu PROPN iajs-3381 144 44 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 45 k. k. PROPN iajs-3381 144 46 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 144 47 yan yan PROPN iajs-3381 144 48 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 49 y. y. VERB iajs-3381 144 50 the the DET iajs-3381 144 51 photovoltaic photovoltaic PROPN iajs-3381 144 52 technologies technology NOUN iajs-3381 144 53 roadmap roadmap NOUN iajs-3381 144 54 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 144 55 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 144 56 phys phys PROPN iajs-3381 144 57 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 145 1 d d X iajs-3381 145 2 appl appl NOUN iajs-3381 145 3 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 146 1 phys phy NOUN iajs-3381 146 2 2020 2020 NUM iajs-3381 146 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 146 4 53 53 NUM iajs-3381 146 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 146 6 493001 493001 NUM iajs-3381 146 7 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 147 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463%2fab9c6a https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463%2fab9c6a PROPN iajs-3381 147 2 2 2 NUM iajs-3381 147 3 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 147 4 muhammad muhammad PROPN iajs-3381 147 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 6 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 147 7 y. y. PROPN iajs-3381 147 8 u. u. PROPN iajs-3381 147 9 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 10 waziri waziri PROPN iajs-3381 147 11 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 12 a. a. PROPN iajs-3381 147 13 b. b. PROPN iajs-3381 147 14 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 15 shitu shitu PROPN iajs-3381 147 16 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 17 a. a. NOUN iajs-3381 147 18 m. m. NOUN iajs-3381 147 19 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 20 ahmad ahmad PROPN iajs-3381 147 21 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 22 u. u. PROPN iajs-3381 147 23 m. m. PROPN iajs-3381 147 24 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 25 muhammad muhammad PROPN iajs-3381 147 26 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 27 m. m. PROPN iajs-3381 147 28 h. h. PROPN iajs-3381 147 29 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 30 alhaji alhaji PROPN iajs-3381 147 31 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 32 y. y. PROPN iajs-3381 147 33 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 34 olaniyi olaniyi NOUN iajs-3381 147 35 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 36 a. a. NOUN iajs-3381 147 37 t. t. PROPN iajs-3381 147 38 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 147 39 bala bala PROPN iajs-3381 147 40 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 147 41 a. a. NOUN iajs-3381 147 42 a. a. PROPN iajs-3381 147 43 recent recent ADJ iajs-3381 147 44 progressive progressive ADJ iajs-3381 147 45 status status NOUN iajs-3381 147 46 of of ADP iajs-3381 147 47 materials material NOUN iajs-3381 147 48 for for ADP iajs-3381 147 49 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 147 50 photovoltaic photovoltaic NOUN iajs-3381 147 51 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 147 52 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 147 53 a a DET iajs-3381 147 54 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ iajs-3381 147 55 review review NOUN iajs-3381 147 56 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 148 1 sci sci PROPN iajs-3381 148 2 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 149 1 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 149 2 energy energy PROPN iajs-3381 149 3 eng eng PROPN iajs-3381 149 4 2019 2019 NUM iajs-3381 149 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 149 6 7 7 NUM iajs-3381 149 7 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 149 8 77–89 77–89 NUM iajs-3381 149 9 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 150 1 https://doi.org/10.11648/ https://doi.org/10.11648/ PROPN iajs-3381 150 2 j.sjee.20190704.14 j.sjee.20190704.14 PROPN iajs-3381 150 3 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 150 4 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 150 5 moorthy moorthy PROPN iajs-3381 150 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 150 7 v. v. ADP iajs-3381 150 8 m. m. NOUN iajs-3381 150 9 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 150 10 srivastava srivastava PROPN iajs-3381 150 11 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 150 12 v. v. ADP iajs-3381 150 13 m. m. 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PUNCT iajs-3381 186 1 phys phy NOUN iajs-3381 186 2 2023 2023 NUM iajs-3381 186 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 186 4 148 148 NUM iajs-3381 186 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 186 6 110298 110298 NUM iajs-3381 186 7 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 187 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4288 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4288 PROPN iajs-3381 187 2 19 19 NUM iajs-3381 187 3 . . X iajs-3381 187 4 cortez cortez PROPN iajs-3381 187 5 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 187 6 k. k. PROPN iajs-3381 188 1 p. p. PROPN iajs-3381 188 2 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 189 1 martΓ­nez martΓ­nez PROPN iajs-3381 189 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 189 3 a. a. NOUN iajs-3381 189 4 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 189 5 dutt dutt PROPN iajs-3381 189 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 189 7 a. a. NOUN iajs-3381 189 8 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 189 9 santana santana PROPN iajs-3381 189 10 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 189 11 g. g. PROPN iajs-3381 189 12 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 189 13 n719 n719 PROPN iajs-3381 189 14 derivatives derivative NOUN iajs-3381 189 15 for for ADP iajs-3381 189 16 application application NOUN iajs-3381 189 17 in in ADP iajs-3381 189 18 a a DET iajs-3381 189 19 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 189 20 - - PUNCT iajs-3381 189 21 sensitized sensitize VERB iajs-3381 189 22 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 189 23 cell cell NOUN iajs-3381 189 24 ( ( PUNCT iajs-3381 189 25 dssc dssc NOUN iajs-3381 189 26 ): ): PUNCT iajs-3381 189 27 a a DET iajs-3381 189 28 theoretical theoretical ADJ iajs-3381 189 29 study study NOUN iajs-3381 189 30 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 189 31 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 189 32 phys phys PROPN iajs-3381 189 33 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 190 1 chem chem PROPN iajs-3381 190 2 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 191 1 a a DET iajs-3381 191 2 2019 2019 NUM iajs-3381 191 3 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 191 4 123(51 123(51 NUM iajs-3381 191 5 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 191 6 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 191 7 10930–1093 10930–1093 NUM iajs-3381 191 8 . . 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PROPN iajs-3381 194 1 an an DET iajs-3381 194 2 investigation investigation NOUN iajs-3381 194 3 of of ADP iajs-3381 194 4 the the DET iajs-3381 194 5 fill fill NOUN iajs-3381 194 6 factor factor NOUN iajs-3381 194 7 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 194 8 efficiency efficiency NOUN iajs-3381 194 9 of of ADP iajs-3381 194 10 molecular molecular ADJ iajs-3381 194 11 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN iajs-3381 194 12 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 194 13 cells cell NOUN iajs-3381 194 14 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 194 15 materials material NOUN iajs-3381 194 16 science science NOUN iajs-3381 194 17 forum forum NOUN iajs-3381 194 18 submitted submit VERB iajs-3381 194 19 2021 2021 NUM iajs-3381 194 20 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 194 21 1039 1039 NUM iajs-3381 194 22 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 194 23 373-381.http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-03935-0 373-381.http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-03935-0 NUM iajs-3381 194 24 21 21 NUM iajs-3381 194 25 . . 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NOUN iajs-3381 195 25 charge charge NOUN iajs-3381 195 26 transfer transfer NOUN iajs-3381 195 27 from from ADP iajs-3381 195 28 indoline indoline ADJ iajs-3381 195 29 dye dye NOUN iajs-3381 195 30 contact contact NOUN iajs-3381 195 31 to to ADP iajs-3381 195 32 zinc zinc NOUN iajs-3381 195 33 selenide selenide NOUN iajs-3381 195 34 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 195 35 analytical analytical ADJ iajs-3381 195 36 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 195 37 international international ADJ iajs-3381 195 38 journal journal NOUN iajs-3381 195 39 of of ADP iajs-3381 195 40 mechanical mechanical ADJ iajs-3381 195 41 engineering engineering NOUN iajs-3381 195 42 2022 2022 NUM iajs-3381 195 43 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 195 44 7(2 7(2 NUM iajs-3381 195 45 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 195 46 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 195 47 3 3 NUM iajs-3381 195 48 - - SYM iajs-3381 195 49 12 12 NUM iajs-3381 195 50 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 196 1 22 22 NUM iajs-3381 196 2 . . 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PROPN iajs-3381 197 17 theoretical theoretical PROPN iajs-3381 197 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN iajs-3381 197 19 of of ADP iajs-3381 197 20 flow flow NOUN iajs-3381 197 21 electronic electronic ADJ iajs-3381 197 22 rate rate NOUN iajs-3381 197 23 at at ADP iajs-3381 197 24 au au PROPN iajs-3381 197 25 /tfb /tfb PROPN iajs-3381 197 26 interface interface NOUN iajs-3381 197 27 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 197 28 journal journal NOUN iajs-3381 197 29 of of ADP iajs-3381 197 30 physics physics PROPN iajs-3381 197 31 : : PUNCT iajs-3381 197 32 conference conference NOUN iajs-3381 197 33 series series NOUN iajs-3381 197 34 2021 2021 NUM iajs-3381 197 35 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 197 36 1879 1879 NUM iajs-3381 197 37 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 198 1 23 23 NUM iajs-3381 198 2 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 199 1 hadi hadi PROPN iajs-3381 199 2 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 199 3 j. j. PROPN iajs-3381 199 4 m. m. PROPN iajs-3381 199 5 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 199 6 sarmad sarmad PROPN iajs-3381 199 7 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 199 8 s. s. 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PROPN iajs-3381 201 13 theoretical theoretical ADJ iajs-3381 201 14 calculation calculation NOUN iajs-3381 201 15 of of ADP iajs-3381 201 16 the the DET iajs-3381 201 17 electroniccurrent electroniccurrent NOUN iajs-3381 201 18 at at ADP iajs-3381 201 19 n3 n3 ADJ iajs-3381 201 20 contact contact NOUN iajs-3381 201 21 with with ADP iajs-3381 201 22 tio2 tio2 PROPN iajs-3381 201 23 solar solar ADJ iajs-3381 201 24 celldevices celldevice NOUN iajs-3381 201 25 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 201 26 aip aip PROPN iajs-3381 201 27 conference conference NOUN iajs-3381 201 28 proceedings proceeding NOUN iajs-3381 201 29 2022 2022 NUM iajs-3381 201 30 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 201 31 2437 2437 NUM iajs-3381 201 32 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 201 33 020060 020060 NUM iajs-3381 201 34 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 202 1 http://dx.doi.org http://dx.doi.org NUM iajs-3381 202 2 /10.1063/5.0092690 /10.1063/5.0092690 PUNCT iajs-3381 202 3 25 25 NUM iajs-3381 202 4 . . 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PROPN iajs-3381 220 5 ; ; PUNCT iajs-3381 220 6 mohammad mohammad PROPN iajs-3381 220 7 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 220 8 z. z. PROPN iajs-3381 220 9 fa.estimation fa.estimation NOUN iajs-3381 220 10 of of ADP iajs-3381 220 11 the the DET iajs-3381 220 12 electric electric ADJ iajs-3381 220 13 properties property NOUN iajs-3381 220 14 ofal ofal NOUN iajs-3381 220 15 / / SYM iajs-3381 220 16 cv cv NOUN iajs-3381 220 17 system system NOUN iajs-3381 220 18 . . PUNCT iajs-3381 221 1 journal journal PROPN iajs-3381 221 2 of of ADP iajs-3381 221 3 university university PROPN iajs-3381 221 4 of of ADP iajs-3381 221 5 babylon babylon PROPN iajs-3381 221 6 for for ADP iajs-3381 221 7 pure pure ADJ iajs-3381 221 8 and and CCONJ iajs-3381 221 9 applied apply VERB iajs-3381 221 10 sciences science NOUN iajs-3381 221 11 2020,12(33 2020,12(33 NUM iajs-3381 221 12 ) ) PUNCT iajs-3381 221 13 , , PUNCT iajs-3381 221 14 184 184 NUM iajs-3381 221 15 - - SYM iajs-3381 221 16 193 193 NUM iajs-3381 221 17 . . 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