The particular dialect or language that a person chooses to use on any occasion is called a code Copyright © 2021 The Author IDEAS is licensed under CC-BY-SA 4.0 License Issued by English study program of IAIN Palopo 426 IDEAS Journal of Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) Volume 9, Number 2, December 2021 pp. 426 - 437 An Analysis of Teacher’s Technique Speaking on Class During Covid-19 at Second Grade of Junior High School Enzelina Sinaga1, Ramauli Rajagukguk2, Surliyah Ningsih3, Rahmawati4 enzelina.sinaga25@gmail.com English Education Department, University of Prima Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia Received: 06 December 2021 Accepted: 14 December 2021 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v912.2337 Abstract This study focuses on the method used by teachers in carrying out learning during the Covid19 pandemic, namely distance learning (PJJ). This will allow you to learn optimally, effectively, and correctly. This study explains teacher techniques in teaching specs during the Covid19 pandemic. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The subject is an English teacher in class VIII. Data collection methods in this study were observation, interviews, and recording. Two learning methods are used when analyzing online teacher learning methods that support virtual media. One of them is the mapping method through the Google Classroom application; the results of the answer sheets were collected directly at the school, then the second learning method became a problem. Q&A via Zoom Meetings and WhatsApp groups. This study concludes that the teacher's strategy in teaching speaking at SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan during the Covid19 pandemic can be seen in terms of educational goals, educational approaches, and methods. So that this study resulted in an assessment of the results of the use of teaching techniques carried out by English teachers, namely the standard of success was excellent (100), perfect (90), good (80), average (70), poor (≤60). Thus, researchers hope teachers can create creative and fun learning through appropriate strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: analysis, teaching, speaking, covid-19 http://u.lipi.go.id/1457703302 mailto:enzelina.sinaga25@gmail.com IDEAS, Vol. 9, No. 2, December 2021 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 427 Introduction Speaking is an interactive process for constructing meaning, involving generation, reception, and information (Brown, 1994; Burns & Joyce, 1997).Oral skills are usually acquired after mastering listening skills (Heaton, 1988). Because in general, after someone listens, he creates a "language product" that can speak (Setiawati, 2016).Through speaking, a speaker (speaker) communicates to convey the intent and purpose. In the technique of speaking that is learned in the form of pronunciation of English words, the ability to speak is active English, which means that a person must perform to be able to talk to English actively. There have been many previous studies on English Teachers' speaking techniques in Teaching during the Covid-19. Nabilah conducted previous research. This research is about teachers' application of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic at SMP N 3 Bringin. Previously the first was done by Nabilah. This research is about teachers' application of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic at SMP N 3 Bringin. This study aimed to identify the implementation of teacher distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out the strategies and media used in carrying out learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used is qualitative research with qualitative descriptive methods, namely interviews, coding, classification, and documentation. This study found that distance learning is a learning activity carried out indirectly and requires the right media for learning to occur. The implementation of distance learning has several advantages and disadvantages. However, there are more drawbacks. This is because this is the first time that distance learning has been implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arya Fitri conducted the second research. This study focused on the strategies used by teachers in carrying out learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Namely, distance learning (PJJ) can run effectively, optimally, and run well. This study aims to describe teacher strategies in teaching Spacing during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects were the VIIB grade English teacher and the VII B grade students. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The study results indicate that the teacher uses an expository strategy that emphasizes the teaching and learning process directed at achieving learning objectives. The analysis of online teacher learning methods with virtual media as a means of support used two teaching methods: the first assignment method through the google classroom application. Collected the results of the answer sheets directly to the school. Questioned the second learning method asked the second learning method. And answer via Zoom Meetings and WhatsApp Groups. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the teacher's strategy in Teaching speaking at Prabumulih Junior Enzelina Sinaga, Ramauli Rajagukguk, Surliyah Ningsih, Rahmawati An Analysis Of Teacher’s Technique Speaking On Class During Covid-19 At Second Grade Of SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda 428 High School during the Covid-19 Pandemic can be seen from teaching objectives, teaching approaches, and teaching methods. Meanwhile, the flexibility makes some students motivated, but some are lazy and choose to procrastinate. However, the teaching and learning process is still carried out by the Amalyatul Huda Private Middle School in Medan virtually or often referred to as online classes. Akbar Yuli Setianto, said "Flexible Curriculum: "Learning Ways Out in the Covid-19 Period", in Independent Learning: Online Learning Amid the Covid-19 Pandemic, ed. Jamaluddin (Our Writing Foundation, 2020), we write. Id. The more sophisticated the technology, the more diverse the media used by teachers to teach. Some of the media used by teachers have been determined by the Amalyatul Huda Medan Private Middle School, namely WhatsApp groups, google classroom, zoom, etc. The point is also in the E-learning learning process, where the online learning process is visible to various parties such as teachers, students, or parents (Rahmawati, 2020). In the process of learning English, the teacher is the primary source who provides techniques to students. They have an essential role in improving students' speaking skills, and of course, teachers must master speaking techniques in Teaching first. Based on the description above, it is necessary to look at the speaking techniques of English teachers in teachingEnglish. SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan is one of the school institutions located in Medan. Based on the SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan syllabus (2021), there are four skills: writing, reading, speaking and listening. English subjects are held three times a week. This study focuses on what techniques are used by teachers in Teaching speaking during the covid-19 pandemic. In the process of learning English, the teacher is the primary source who provides techniques to students. They have an essential role in improving students' speaking skills, and of course, the teacher must master speaking techniques in Teaching first. Based on the description above, it is necessary to look at the English teacher's speaking techniques in teaching English. Based on these conditions, the researcher was interested in conducting a study entitled: "An Analysis of Teacher's technique and media in teaching speaking during the Covid-19 pandemic at second grade of SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan”. Method In this study, the researchers will be use a collection technique with descriptive qualitative research methods to analyze what speaking techniques the teacher uses when teaching and to identify the media used when teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic. Researchers will be analyze the speaking techniques and media used when teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic using qualitative research methods. IDEAS, Vol. 9, No. 2, December 2021 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 429 Qualitative research will be by collecting data through observation or interviews with participants. the researcher is the person who actually collects the information directly. Qualitative research is a research method that does not tend to use questionnaires or the like developed by researchers themselves. Research is often conducted directly by visiting the location or place (school / home) of participants to conduct research that aims to develop a level of research detail. The research subject was an English teacher in the second grade of SMP Amalyatul Huda Medan. The second grade has 3 classes and 3 English language teachers. The subject from which the data is obtained is the source of the data. The data obtained in this study were obtained by using observation and interviews in data collection. Technical teacher in teaching speaking. The use of techniques in the online learning process is essential, where during the pandemic, the face-to-face learning process is blocked, so students are forced to study from home or remotely. In choosing the technique applied in learning, the teacher cannot choose arbitrarily. Must adapt the choice of method to the circumstances of the school environment, classroom conditions, student circumstances, and learning objectives. Mrs. Sakinah S.Pd as an English teacher for class VIII SMP Amalyatul Huda Medan explained that the general method used when teaching online is as follows. "My fellow teachers and I use the Distance Learning (PJJ) method, as determined by the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Makarim. This method is the most appropriate solution to use during the Covid-19 pandemic situation.” This is a challenge for English teachers at SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan in the current pandemic period, especially in teaching speaking material. Even though learning online, learning English, especially speaking material, still has to be done even though you can use applications such as Zoom Meeting. Google and WhatsApp meeting. For the teaching and learning process to continue with the help of applications available in today's modern era, there is the interaction between teachers and students in mastering online learning. Indeed, the phenomenon in the field shows that online learning requires a large amount of internet quota and the stability of the internet network. Suppose there are problems regarding the signal and the limited internet quota students have, then Mrs. Sakina S.Pd provides a solution to utilize WhatsApp Groups as an application or study room by using the voice note application on WhatsApp and utilizing Google Classroom. This effort was carried out as an alternative to the online learning system to keep it running at SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan. Teachers teach at schools as usual by implementing health protocols, and students study at home. Enzelina Sinaga, Ramauli Rajagukguk, Surliyah Ningsih, Rahmawati An Analysis Of Teacher’s Technique Speaking On Class During Covid-19 At Second Grade Of SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda 430 Types of Technique for Teachers Teaching English Online Techniques are facts that are used during the learning process take place (Sugandi: 2004:15). In this case the teaching staff can use different techniques even though the method used is the same. Speaking techniques for students must use techniques that are fun and not boring. Many people think that learning Speaking is complicated and requires students' courage to produce speech. This is what teachers are often afraid of. After knowing the data collected through an online survey, the researcher discovered what strategies most junior high school teachers used to teach writing. Before learning to teach, the teacher prepares a lesson plan, especially the system. The method used by teachers are: 1. Discussion/conversation After content-based lessons, the discussion is used by teachers for various reasons. The teacher guides the students to discuss to a conclusion, share ideas about an event, or find solutions in their discussion groups. Before the discussion, the teacher must set the purpose of the discussion activity. This way, discussion points are relevant to this goal, so students don't spend their time chatting about irrelevant things. For example, students can engage in agree/disagree discussions. In this type of discussion, the teacher can form groups of students, preferably 4 or 5 in each group. Then each group works on their respective topics according to the group for a certain period and presents the results of their discussions in front of the class. 2. Role Play One of the other ways that teachers use to improve students' speaking skills is by playing role-playing. Students pretend that they are in various social contexts and have different social roles. Harmer (2002) which states that roleplay is fun and motivate, build confidence yourself and give opportunities to students to use variety wider language with put the “outside world” in class. In the "Role-Play" activity, the teacher provides information to students or students about who they are and what they think or feel. Thus, the teacher can tell students that "You are Ariel, you went to the doctor and told him what happened last night, and ..." (Harmer, 1984). 3. Story Telling Students may briefly summarize stories or stories they have heard from previous people or create their own stories to tell their classmates. Storytelling fosters creative thinking. It also helps students express initial, developmental, and final ideas, including the characters and settings a story should have. Students can also tell riddles or jokes. For example, at the start of each class session, the teacher IDEAS, Vol. 9, No. 2, December 2021 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 431 might call on several students to say a short riddle or joke as an opening. In this way, the teacher will improve the students' language skills and get the attention of the class. 4. Speech Speech is a speaking activity that uses sentences with a good structure, more formal language, and ways to deliver different information (Lucas 2001:7). The teacher directs students to develop a topic that has been provided previously and is practiced directly in front of their classmates. In this situation, the teacher has a significant role in motivating students to learn. However, the teaching and learning process will not succeed if the teacher is not professional and competent in their field. In addition, to be a good educator, the teacher must also understand and understand the character of each student. Uniting these characters, the teacher must have the right strategy in teaching speaking because it is known that every student must have a different character, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. In general, students often think that learning to speak during a pandemic is complex, making them unable to understand it. Based on the results of interviews with English teachers, namely, Mrs. Winastri S.Pd, Ma’am Sakinah S. Pd and also Miss Della Tria Putri S. Pd also expressed the same opinion about the response of most students to speak the lesson, as told in the interview sources with researchers below: "Yes, it is true. It turns out that students are less enthusiastic about learning. They can't understand the lesson well, especially the speaking lesson, because they have to practice it directly in class. Therefore, I try to develop learning according to strategies so that the online learning process becomes interactive.” Mrs. Winastri S.Pd expressed some of the obstacles he experienced while teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic. “Each student must have a different character and opinion about what they see and how they feel when learning online. There are even students who say that online English lessons make them confused.” This opinion was expressed by maam Sakinah S.Pd. It is different from the opinion of Miss Dela Tria Putri S. Pd, she said: “During the learning process, students' limited internet quota sometimes causes some students not to receive material evenly. Not only in the English subjects that I bring, but some teachers also experience the same thing." Enzelina Sinaga, Ramauli Rajagukguk, Surliyah Ningsih, Rahmawati An Analysis Of Teacher’s Technique Speaking On Class During Covid-19 At Second Grade Of SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda 432 "Learning English online is difficult, but the way Mrs. Winastri S. Pd teaches always gives us interesting material, from learning to make short stories and dialogues and showing them directly during zoom classes to help us understand speaking material," said Tesalonika. One of the eighth-grade students taught by Mrs.Winastri S.Pd Then besides Tesalonika, there was another student named Jennifer who also agreed with Tesalonika. Jennifer shared her impressions about English subjects to researchers through joint interviews with researchers as below: "We like it when we learn to talk with the help of the media, especially with videos that contain live practices that we carry out according to the material and directions from Miss Della, namely making interesting story scenarios and playing roles that have been made before." Another impression felt by students who Mrs. Sakinah S. Pd taught, Novita told her enjoyable experience during online speaking lessons: "We are most interested in the speech material given by Mrs. Sakinah because apart from developing the topics that have been given, we are also taught how to pronounce during speech practice during zoom and also how to adjust facial expressions, or the intonation used." Students must actively interact and communicate in learning to speak, so the strategy is fundamental to be applied in the learning process. Based on data analysis of interviews with English teachers at SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda Medan, the types of techniques and media used in online learning are expository techniques. They said that "The type of expository learning strategy that I use in online learning, with expository techniques in learning to speak emphasizes the process of conveying material orally from a teacher to students with the intention that students can master the subject matter optimally." Based on direct observations by researchers, English teachers at Amalyatul Huda Middle School Medan can optimize expository learning strategies for class VIII students in speaking material because if they are not optimal teachers, students will not receive learning well. Mrs. Winastri S. Pd, Mrs. Sakinah S. Pd and Mrs. Della Tria Putri S. Pd applied exposure techniques with the principles of Expository Learning. The methods are goal-oriented, communication principles, IDEAS, Vol. 9, No. 2, December 2021 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 433 and sustainable principles. Teachers' expository process aims to overcome students' learning difficulties individually and solve problems during the Covid-19 pandemic. As stated by several grade VIII students of Amalyatul Huda Private Junior High School that the subject of English with online speaking material is indeed tricky but with the help of media, namely Zoom, WhatsApp Group, and Google Classroom, it reduces the difficulty. The teacher must control the conditions as much as possible, namely by using various appropriate strategies. The purpose of using the correct system is to take online lessons well, don't get bored, don't feel bored, and catch the material taught by the teacherwell. Types of media used by teachers in teaching speaking during the covid-19 pandemic Communication media is also used as a study room.In the teaching and learning process, it is inseparable from the role of a teacher.The teacher has a significant role in the online learning process because it is the teacher who will guide students, understand students and correct if there are errors in students' thinking.Various online learningapplications used by teachers during the teaching and learning process include: 1. WhatsApp Groups One of the media used by teachers when carrying out online learning. Communicate in writing with all students and also for the provision of materials to be taught. Anwar &Riadi (2017: 3) define WhatsApp as a chat application that can send text messages, images, sounds, locations, and videos to other people using any smartphone. 2. Zoom Meeting Zoom is a video conferencing service that users use to chat online using cloud computing technology and 256-bit TLS encryption security. Zoom was eveloped by Zoom Video Communications, Inc., headquartered in San Jose, California, United States. Zoom was founded by former Cisco Webex executive Eric Yuan in 2011 and launched publicly in 2013. Due to the time the COVID-19 pandemic occurred and required students to study at home (online), Zoom helped run the learning process itself. In this process, the teacher and students can interact directly, such as the teacher explaining the material given and students who can do reciprocity with the teacher. 3. Google Classroom The last media used by teachers when teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic was Google Classroom. This media is used as a place for collecting assignments by all students. Understanding Google Classroom is a free web-based platform created Enzelina Sinaga, Ramauli Rajagukguk, Surliyah Ningsih, Rahmawati An Analysis Of Teacher’s Technique Speaking On Class During Covid-19 At Second Grade Of SMP Swasta Amalyatul Huda 434 to facilitate the learning activities of educators and students. Google Classroom is also one of the most critical media when going online as it was back then because students can submit assignments through google classroom without having to come to school to collect duties. The lecturing strategy is done by the teacher by giving explanations through Google Meet. The meaning of the lecturing technique is in accordance with the assessment of (Sutherland,1976) So it can be concluded that the learning of English language materials with online speaking brought by all English teachers in class VIII was achieved according to the learning objectives and went well according to the learning techniques chosen as the right techniques during the Covid19 pandemic. In addition, the results of this study show similarities with the journal by Eva Rahma Mintia “An Analysis of Teaching and Learning Speaking Through Audiovisuals During The Covid-19 Pandemic in The First Semester of The Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 2 penengahan the 2020/2021 academic year". Of course, it is very different from learning techniques that were not carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic. Before the pandemic, SMP Swasta Amalyatul Hudaused a teacher- centered approach, but during the Covid 19 pandemic, there were variations in the techniques used by teachers, namely expository techniques after research on expository techniques could be followed by students when learning online. Difficulties in online learning can be overcome by learning techniques that have been used by English teachers in class VIII, because there is an assignment method that can train students to understand the learning material and achieve their learning goals while studying at home Conclusion Based on the results of data analysis conducted by the research, it can conclude that the teaching objectives are formulated by the online learning system, namely the teacher can carry out speaking lessons well such as discussion/conversation, storytelling, speeches, and role play smoothly, seen from observations during the process. They are Learning at the learning exploration stage. While skills follow the speaking approach in understanding learning in learning English, the research concludes that students can interact with their peers through the media used by teachers during online education, namely forum zoom (For example, the teacher directs students to do storytelling). and also a speech witnessed directly by the teacher and also his classmates) The understanding approach is considered most suitable for the online learning system. Then the online teacher learning method with virtual media as a means of support uses two learning methods: the assignment method through the Google Classroom application. The results of the IDEAS, Vol. 9, No. 2, December 2021 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 435 answer sheets are collected directly to the school. The second learning method is questioned. And answer via zoom media and WhatsApp Groups. 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