id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ideas-7891	Chalista Dewi, Pretty Sayang; Ni Nyoman Deni Ariyaningsih	Substitution Errors in Jokowi’s English: A Phonological Analysis	2025	13	.pdf	application/pdf	4305	205	41	As shown in Table 2, vowel substitutions were the most frequent error type (43%), followed by fricative substitutions (18%) and diphthong simplifications (18%). Although vowel substitutions usually remain intelligible from context, they contribute to a noticeable foreign accent.	cache/ideas-7891.pdf	txt/ideas-7891.txt