id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ideas-7077	1	1	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	2	word	word	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	3	7077.docx	7077.docx	ADJ
ideas-7077	1	4	3444	3444	NUM
ideas-7077	1	5	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	6	©	©	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	7	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	1	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	1	9	author	author	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	10	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	11	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	1	12	licensed	license	VERB
ideas-7077	1	13	under	under	ADP
ideas-7077	1	14	cc	cc	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	15	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	16	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	1	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	18	sa	sa	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	19	4.0	4.0	NUM
ideas-7077	1	20	license	license	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	21	issued	issue	VERB
ideas-7077	1	22	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	1	23	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	1	24	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	25	program	program	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	26	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	1	27	iain	iain	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	28	palopo	palopo	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	29	ideas	ideas	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	30	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	31	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	1	32	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	33	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	34	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	1	35	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	36	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	37	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	38	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	1	39	literature	literature	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	40	issn	issn	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	41	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	1	42	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	1	43	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	1	44	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	45	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	46	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	47	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	1	48	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	1	49	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	1	50	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	1	51	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	52	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	1	53	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	54	volume	volume	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	55	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	1	56	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	57	number	number	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	58	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	1	59	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	1	60	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	1	61	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	1	62	pp	pp	NOUN
ideas-7077	1	63	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	2	1	3444	3444	NUM
ideas-7077	2	2	3458	3458	NUM
ideas-7077	2	3	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	2	4	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	2	5	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	2	6	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	2	7	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	2	8	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	2	9	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	2	10	gladis	gladi	VERB
ideas-7077	2	11	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	2	12	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	2	13	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	2	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	2	15	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	16	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	17	andanty	andanty	PRON
ideas-7077	2	18	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	2	19	1,2	1,2	NUM
ideas-7077	2	20	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	21	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	22	inggris	inggris	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	23	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	2	24	universitas	universitas	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	25	pgr	pgr	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	26	adi	adi	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	27	buana	buana	PROPN
ideas-7077	2	28	surabaya	surabaya	PROPN
ideas-7077	3	1	corresponding	correspond	VERB
ideas-7077	3	2	e	e	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	3	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	4	mail	mail	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	5	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	3	6	gladosalifi@gmail.com	gladosalifi@gmail.com	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	7	received	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	3	8	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	3	9	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	3	10	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	3	11	06	06	NUM
ideas-7077	3	12	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	3	13	17	17	NUM
ideas-7077	3	14	accepted	accept	VERB
ideas-7077	3	15	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	3	16	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	3	17	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	3	18	07	07	NUM
ideas-7077	3	19	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	3	20	27	27	NUM
ideas-7077	3	21	doi	doi	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	22	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	3	23	10.24256	10.24256	NUM
ideas-7077	3	24	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	3	25	ideas.v13i2.7077	ideas.v13i2.7077	PROPN
ideas-7077	3	26	abstract	abstract	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	27	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	3	28	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	29	investigated	investigate	VERB
ideas-7077	3	30	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	3	31	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	32	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	3	33	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	3	34	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	3	35	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	36	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	37	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	3	38	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	3	39	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	3	40	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	41	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	42	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	3	43	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	44	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	3	45	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	4	1	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	4	2	total	total	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	4	4	70	70	NUM
ideas-7077	4	5	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	6	participated	participate	VERB
ideas-7077	4	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	4	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	4	9	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	4	11	divided	divide	VERB
ideas-7077	4	12	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	4	13	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	4	14	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	4	15	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	16	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	4	18	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	4	19	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ideas-7077	4	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	4	21	integrating	integrate	VERB
ideas-7077	4	22	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	23	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	4	24	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	25	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	4	26	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
ideas-7077	4	27	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	28	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	4	29	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	4	30	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	4	31	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	5	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	5	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	5	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	5	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	6	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	5	7	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	8	practice	practice	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	5	10	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	5	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	5	12	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	13	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	14	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	5	15	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	5	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	17	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	5	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	6	1	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	6	2	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	6	3	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	6	4	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	6	5	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	6	6	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	6	7	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	6	8	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	6	9	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	6	10	analysed	analyse	VERB
ideas-7077	6	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	6	12	measure	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	6	13	progress	progress	NOUN
ideas-7077	6	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	7	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	7	2	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
ideas-7077	7	4	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	7	5	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	7	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	7	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	7	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	10	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	7	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	7	13	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	7	14	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	15	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	7	16	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	7	17	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	7	18	average	average	ADJ
ideas-7077	7	19	increase	increase	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	20	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	7	21	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	7	22	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	7	23	pre	pre	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	24	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	25	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	26	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	7	27	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	7	28	76.57	76.57	NUM
ideas-7077	7	29	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	7	30	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	31	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	32	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	7	33	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	7	34	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	8	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	8	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ideas-7077	8	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	8	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	8	5	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	8	6	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	8	7	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
ideas-7077	8	8	minimal	minimal	ADJ
ideas-7077	8	9	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	8	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	8	11	maintaining	maintain	VERB
ideas-7077	8	12	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	8	13	average	average	ADJ
ideas-7077	8	14	score	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	8	15	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	8	16	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	8	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	9	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	9	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	3	suggested	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	9	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	9	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	6	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	9	7	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	9	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	9	9	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	9	10	features	feature	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	11	motivated	motivated	ADJ
ideas-7077	9	12	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	13	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	9	14	enhanced	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	9	15	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	9	16	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	17	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	9	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	19	rules	rule	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	9	21	leading	lead	VERB
ideas-7077	9	22	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	9	23	better	well	ADJ
ideas-7077	9	24	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	9	25	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	10	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	10	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	3	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ideas-7077	10	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	10	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	10	6	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	10	8	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	9	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	10	10	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	10	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	10	12	leading	lead	VERB
ideas-7077	10	13	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	10	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	10	15	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	16	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	10	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	10	18	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ideas-7077	10	19	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	20	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	10	21	ha	ha	INTJ
ideas-7077	10	22	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	10	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	10	24	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	10	25	rejection	rejection	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	26	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	10	27	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	10	28	null	null	ADJ
ideas-7077	10	29	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	10	30	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	10	31	h0	h0	PROPN
ideas-7077	10	32	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	10	33	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	11	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	11	2	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	3	underscored	underscore	VERB
ideas-7077	11	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	11	5	potential	potential	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	6	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	11	7	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	8	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	11	9	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	11	10	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	11	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	12	like	like	ADP
ideas-7077	11	13	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	14	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	11	15	promoting	promote	VERB
ideas-7077	11	16	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	17	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	18	among	among	ADP
ideas-7077	11	19	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	11	20	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	11	21	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	22	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	11	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	12	1	however	however	ADV
ideas-7077	12	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	12	3	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	4	regarding	regard	VERB
ideas-7077	12	5	sample	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	6	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	12	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	12	9	duration	duration	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	10	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	12	11	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	12	highlighted	highlight	VERB
ideas-7077	12	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	12	14	need	need	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	15	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	12	16	further	further	ADJ
ideas-7077	12	17	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	18	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	12	19	validate	validate	VERB
ideas-7077	12	20	long	long	ADJ
ideas-7077	12	21	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	12	22	term	term	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	23	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	12	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	13	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ideas-7077	13	2	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	13	3	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	13	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	13	5	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	13	6	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	13	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	13	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	13	11	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	13	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	14	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	2	mastering	master	VERB
ideas-7077	14	3	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	14	4	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	5	poses	pose	VERB
ideas-7077	14	6	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	14	7	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	14	8	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	9	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	14	10	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	14	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
ideas-7077	14	13	when	when	SCONJ
ideas-7077	14	14	dealing	deal	VERB
ideas-7077	14	15	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	14	16	complex	complex	ADJ
ideas-7077	14	17	structures	structure	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	18	such	such	ADJ
ideas-7077	14	19	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	14	20	tenses	tense	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	14	22	sentence	sentence	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	23	formation	formation	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	14	25	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	14	26	modal	modal	ADJ
ideas-7077	14	27	auxiliaries	auxiliary	NOUN
ideas-7077	14	28	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	15	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
ideas-7077	15	2	indonesian	indonesian	PROPN
ideas-7077	15	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	15	4	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	15	5	does	do	AUX
ideas-7077	15	6	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	15	7	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
ideas-7077	15	8	verb	verb	NOUN
ideas-7077	15	9	conjugation	conjugation	NOUN
ideas-7077	15	10	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	15	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	15	12	same	same	ADJ
ideas-7077	15	13	way	way	NOUN
ideas-7077	15	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	15	15	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	15	16	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	15	17	requires	require	VERB
ideas-7077	15	18	careful	careful	ADJ
ideas-7077	15	19	attention	attention	NOUN
ideas-7077	15	20	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	15	21	detail	detail	NOUN
ideas-7077	15	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	16	1	many	many	ADJ
ideas-7077	16	2	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	16	3	struggle	struggle	VERB
ideas-7077	16	4	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	16	5	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	16	6	rules	rule	NOUN
ideas-7077	16	7	due	due	ADP
ideas-7077	16	8	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	16	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	16	10	structural	structural	ADJ
ideas-7077	16	11	differences	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	16	12	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	16	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	16	14	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	16	15	languages	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	16	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	17	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	17	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	3	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	17	5	such	such	ADJ
ideas-7077	17	6	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	17	7	memorizing	memorize	VERB
ideas-7077	17	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	9	rules	rule	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	17	11	often	often	ADV
ideas-7077	17	12	lead	lead	VERB
ideas-7077	17	13	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	17	14	boredom	boredom	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	17	16	disengagement	disengagement	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	17	18	making	make	VERB
ideas-7077	17	19	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	17	20	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ideas-7077	17	21	for	for	SCONJ
ideas-7077	17	22	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	23	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	17	24	retain	retain	VERB
ideas-7077	17	25	information	information	NOUN
ideas-7077	17	26	effectively	effectively	ADV
ideas-7077	17	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	1	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	4	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	18	5	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	18	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	7	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	18	8	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	9	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	18	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	11	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	18	12	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	18	13	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	18	14	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	18	15	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	18	16	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	18	17	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	18	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	19	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	20	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	18	21	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	18	22	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	18	23	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	18	24	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	25	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	18	26	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	27	3445	3445	NUM
ideas-7077	18	28	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	18	29	recent	recent	ADJ
ideas-7077	18	30	years	year	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	31	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	32	technological	technological	ADJ
ideas-7077	18	33	advancements	advancement	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	34	have	have	AUX
ideas-7077	18	35	significantly	significantly	ADV
ideas-7077	18	36	influenced	influence	VERB
ideas-7077	18	37	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	18	38	field	field	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	39	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	18	40	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	41	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	18	42	offering	offer	VERB
ideas-7077	18	43	new	new	ADJ
ideas-7077	18	44	approaches	approach	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	45	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	18	46	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	47	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	18	48	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	19	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	19	2	integration	integration	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	19	4	digital	digital	ADJ
ideas-7077	19	5	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	6	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	19	7	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	8	has	have	AUX
ideas-7077	19	9	led	lead	VERB
ideas-7077	19	10	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	19	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	19	12	development	development	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	13	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	19	14	various	various	ADJ
ideas-7077	19	15	languagelearning	languagelearne	VERB
ideas-7077	19	16	applications	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	19	18	including	include	VERB
ideas-7077	19	19	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	19	21	kahoot	kahoot	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	19	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	19	24	quizlet	quizlet	NOUN
ideas-7077	19	25	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	20	1	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	20	2	applications	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	20	3	use	use	VERB
ideas-7077	20	4	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	20	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	20	6	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	20	7	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	20	8	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	20	9	engage	engage	VERB
ideas-7077	20	10	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	20	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	20	12	making	make	VERB
ideas-7077	20	13	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	20	14	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	20	15	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	20	16	enjoyable	enjoyable	ADJ
ideas-7077	20	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	20	18	effective	effective	ADJ
ideas-7077	20	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	21	1	among	among	ADP
ideas-7077	21	2	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	21	3	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	21	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	6	has	have	AUX
ideas-7077	21	7	gained	gain	VERB
ideas-7077	21	8	popularity	popularity	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	9	due	due	ADP
ideas-7077	21	10	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	21	11	its	its	PRON
ideas-7077	21	12	structured	structured	ADJ
ideas-7077	21	13	lessons	lesson	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	21	15	real	real	ADJ
ideas-7077	21	16	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	21	17	time	time	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	18	feedback	feedback	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	21	20	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	21	21	reward	reward	VERB
ideas-7077	21	22	system	system	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	23	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	21	24	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	21	25	keeps	keep	VERB
ideas-7077	21	26	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	21	27	motivated	motivated	ADJ
ideas-7077	21	28	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	22	1	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	22	2	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	22	3	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	22	4	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	22	5	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	22	6	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	22	7	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	22	8	designed	design	VERB
ideas-7077	22	9	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	22	10	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
ideas-7077	22	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	22	12	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ideas-7077	22	13	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	22	14	new	new	ADJ
ideas-7077	22	15	languages	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	22	16	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	22	17	short	short	ADJ
ideas-7077	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	22	19	engaging	engage	VERB
ideas-7077	22	20	lessons	lesson	NOUN
ideas-7077	22	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	23	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	23	2	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	3	employs	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	23	4	gamification	gamification	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	23	7	such	such	ADJ
ideas-7077	23	8	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	23	9	earning	earn	VERB
ideas-7077	23	10	points	point	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	23	12	leveling	level	VERB
ideas-7077	23	13	up	up	ADP
ideas-7077	23	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	23	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	23	16	unlocking	unlock	VERB
ideas-7077	23	17	achievements	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	23	19	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	23	20	sustain	sustain	VERB
ideas-7077	23	21	learner	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	22	engagement	engagement	NOUN
ideas-7077	23	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	24	1	previous	previous	ADJ
ideas-7077	24	2	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	24	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	24	5	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	24	6	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	7	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	24	8	enhance	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	24	9	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	10	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	24	11	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	24	13	increase	increase	VERB
ideas-7077	24	14	retention	retention	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	15	rates	rate	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	24	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	24	18	improve	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	24	19	overall	overall	ADJ
ideas-7077	24	20	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	24	21	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ideas-7077	24	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	25	1	however	however	ADV
ideas-7077	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	25	3	limited	limited	ADJ
ideas-7077	25	4	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	5	has	have	AUX
ideas-7077	25	6	been	be	AUX
ideas-7077	25	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	25	8	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	25	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	25	10	direct	direct	ADJ
ideas-7077	25	11	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	12	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	25	13	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	14	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	25	15	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	16	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	25	17	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	18	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	25	20	especially	especially	ADV
ideas-7077	25	21	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	25	22	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	25	23	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	25	24	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	25	setting	setting	NOUN
ideas-7077	25	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	26	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	26	2	recent	recent	ADJ
ideas-7077	26	3	years	year	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	26	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	26	6	integration	integration	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	26	8	digital	digital	ADJ
ideas-7077	26	9	platforms	platform	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	10	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	26	11	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	12	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	26	13	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	26	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	15	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	26	16	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	26	17	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	26	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	26	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ideas-7077	26	20	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	21	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	26	22	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	26	23	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	26	24	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	25	has	have	AUX
ideas-7077	26	26	gained	gain	VERB
ideas-7077	26	27	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	26	28	attention	attention	NOUN
ideas-7077	26	29	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	27	1	one	one	NUM
ideas-7077	27	2	platform	platform	NOUN
ideas-7077	27	3	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	27	4	stands	stand	VERB
ideas-7077	27	5	out	out	ADP
ideas-7077	27	6	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	27	7	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
ideas-7077	27	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	27	9	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	27	10	blends	blend	VERB
ideas-7077	27	11	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN
ideas-7077	27	12	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	27	13	educational	educational	ADJ
ideas-7077	27	14	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	27	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	28	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	28	2	platform	platform	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	3	's	's	PART
ideas-7077	28	4	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	28	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	28	6	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	28	7	features	feature	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	8	allow	allow	VERB
ideas-7077	28	9	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	10	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	28	11	engage	engage	VERB
ideas-7077	28	12	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	28	13	authentic	authentic	ADJ
ideas-7077	28	14	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	15	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	28	17	promote	promote	VERB
ideas-7077	28	18	learner	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	19	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	28	21	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	28	22	increase	increase	VERB
ideas-7077	28	23	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	28	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	29	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	2	have	have	AUX
ideas-7077	29	3	explored	explore	VERB
ideas-7077	29	4	how	how	SCONJ
ideas-7077	29	5	such	such	ADJ
ideas-7077	29	6	digital	digital	ADJ
ideas-7077	29	7	innovations	innovation	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	29	9	particularly	particularly	ADV
ideas-7077	29	10	when	when	SCONJ
ideas-7077	29	11	perceived	perceive	VERB
ideas-7077	29	12	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	29	13	games	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	14	or	or	CCONJ
ideas-7077	29	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	29	17	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	29	18	support	support	VERB
ideas-7077	29	19	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	29	20	development	development	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	21	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	29	22	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	29	23	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	24	among	among	ADP
ideas-7077	29	25	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	29	26	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	29	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	30	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	30	2	following	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	30	3	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	4	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
ideas-7077	30	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	30	6	growing	grow	VERB
ideas-7077	30	7	body	body	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	8	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	30	9	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	10	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	30	11	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
ideas-7077	30	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	30	13	potential	potential	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	30	15	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
ideas-7077	30	16	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	30	17	similar	similar	ADJ
ideas-7077	30	18	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	19	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	30	20	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	30	21	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	22	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	30	23	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	30	24	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	25	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	30	26	like	like	ADJ
ideas-7077	30	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
ideas-7077	30	28	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	31	1	aziz	aziz	PROPN
ideas-7077	31	2	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	31	3	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	31	4	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	31	5	found	find	VERB
ideas-7077	31	6	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	31	7	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	31	8	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	31	9	perceived	perceive	VERB
ideas-7077	31	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	31	11	dacotu	dacotu	NOUN
ideas-7077	31	12	tiktok	tiktok	PROPN
ideas-7077	31	13	account	account	NOUN
ideas-7077	31	14	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	31	15	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	31	16	highly	highly	ADV
ideas-7077	31	17	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
ideas-7077	31	18	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	31	19	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	31	20	improving	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	31	21	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	31	22	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	31	23	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	31	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	32	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	32	2	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	32	3	presentation	presentation	NOUN
ideas-7077	32	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	32	5	content	content	NOUN
ideas-7077	32	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	32	7	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	32	8	creative	creative	ADJ
ideas-7077	32	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	32	10	entertaining	entertaining	ADJ
ideas-7077	32	11	videos	video	NOUN
ideas-7077	32	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	32	13	fostered	foster	VERB
ideas-7077	32	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	32	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	32	16	made	make	VERB
ideas-7077	32	17	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	32	18	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	32	19	engaging	engaging	ADJ
ideas-7077	32	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	33	1	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	2	reported	report	VERB
ideas-7077	33	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	33	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	33	5	playful	playful	ADJ
ideas-7077	33	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	33	7	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
ideas-7077	33	8	nature	nature	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	33	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	33	11	videos	video	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	33	13	similar	similar	ADJ
ideas-7077	33	14	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	33	15	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	16	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	33	17	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	33	18	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	33	20	helped	help	VERB
ideas-7077	33	21	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
ideas-7077	33	22	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	33	24	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
ideas-7077	33	25	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	34	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	34	2	aligns	align	VERB
ideas-7077	34	3	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	34	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	34	5	idea	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	34	6	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	34	7	when	when	SCONJ
ideas-7077	34	8	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	34	9	feels	feel	VERB
ideas-7077	34	10	like	like	ADP
ideas-7077	34	11	play	play	NOUN
ideas-7077	34	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	34	13	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	34	14	reduces	reduce	VERB
ideas-7077	34	15	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
ideas-7077	34	16	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	34	17	enhances	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	34	18	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	34	19	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ideas-7077	34	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	2	inayah	inayah	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	3	et	et	PROPN
ideas-7077	35	4	al	al	PROPN
ideas-7077	35	5	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	35	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	7	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	35	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	9	according	accord	VERB
ideas-7077	35	10	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	35	11	another	another	DET
ideas-7077	35	12	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	14	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
ideas-7077	35	15	functions	function	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	16	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	35	17	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	35	18	flexible	flexible	ADJ
ideas-7077	35	19	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	20	medium	medium	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	21	where	where	SCONJ
ideas-7077	35	22	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	23	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	35	24	practice	practice	VERB
ideas-7077	35	25	speaking	speak	VERB
ideas-7077	35	26	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	27	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	35	28	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	35	29	low	low	ADJ
ideas-7077	35	30	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	31	pressure	pressure	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	32	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	35	33	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	35	34	environment	environment	NOUN
ideas-7077	35	35	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	36	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	36	2	authors	author	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
ideas-7077	36	4	how	how	SCONJ
ideas-7077	36	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	36	6	platform	platform	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	7	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	36	8	design	design	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	9	mimics	mimic	VERB
ideas-7077	36	10	gamification	gamification	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	36	12	such	such	ADJ
ideas-7077	36	13	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	36	14	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	36	15	trends	trend	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	36	17	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	36	19	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	36	20	peer	peer	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	21	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	36	23	making	make	VERB
ideas-7077	36	24	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	36	25	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	36	26	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	36	27	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
ideas-7077	36	28	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	36	29	less	less	ADV
ideas-7077	36	30	intimidating	intimidating	ADJ
ideas-7077	36	31	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	37	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	37	2	combination	combination	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	37	4	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	37	6	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	7	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	37	8	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	9	allows	allow	VERB
ideas-7077	37	10	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	37	12	explore	explore	VERB
ideas-7077	37	13	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	37	14	practice	practice	VERB
ideas-7077	37	15	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	37	16	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	37	17	ways	way	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	18	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	37	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	37	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	21	settings	setting	NOUN
ideas-7077	37	22	may	may	AUX
ideas-7077	37	23	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	37	24	fully	fully	ADV
ideas-7077	37	25	offer.(agustina	offer.(agustina	VERB
ideas-7077	37	26	et	et	PROPN
ideas-7077	37	27	al	al	PROPN
ideas-7077	37	28	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	37	29	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	37	30	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	37	31	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	38	1	armelia	armelia	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	2	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	38	3	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	38	4	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	38	5	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
ideas-7077	38	6	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	38	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	38	8	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	38	10	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	38	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	38	13	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	38	14	context	context	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	15	promotes	promote	VERB
ideas-7077	38	16	learner	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	17	creativity	creativity	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	38	19	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	38	21	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	38	22	speaking	speak	VERB
ideas-7077	38	23	fluency	fluency	NOUN
ideas-7077	38	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	1	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	2	are	be	AUX
ideas-7077	39	3	encouraged	encourage	VERB
ideas-7077	39	4	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	39	5	gladis	gladis	VERB
ideas-7077	39	6	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	7	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	9	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	39	10	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	39	11	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	39	12	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	13	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	39	14	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	39	16	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	17	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	18	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	19	3446	3446	NUM
ideas-7077	39	20	produce	produce	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	21	content	content	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	23	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
ideas-7077	39	24	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	39	25	peers	peer	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	26	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	27	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	39	28	engage	engage	VERB
ideas-7077	39	29	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	39	30	native	native	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	31	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	32	like	like	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	33	expressions	expression	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	34	—	—	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	35	all	all	PRON
ideas-7077	39	36	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	39	37	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	39	38	simulate	simulate	VERB
ideas-7077	39	39	real	real	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	40	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	41	world	world	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	42	communication	communication	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	43	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	39	44	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	39	45	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	46	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	39	47	like	like	ADJ
ideas-7077	39	48	structure	structure	NOUN
ideas-7077	39	49	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	40	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	40	2	strategy	strategy	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	3	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	40	4	only	only	ADV
ideas-7077	40	5	improves	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	40	6	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ideas-7077	40	7	competence	competence	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	8	but	but	CCONJ
ideas-7077	40	9	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	40	10	encourages	encourage	VERB
ideas-7077	40	11	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ideas-7077	40	12	participation	participation	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	40	14	as	as	SCONJ
ideas-7077	40	15	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	16	are	be	AUX
ideas-7077	40	17	driven	drive	VERB
ideas-7077	40	18	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	40	19	enjoyment	enjoyment	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	20	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	40	21	self	self	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	22	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	40	23	expression	expression	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	40	25	key	key	ADJ
ideas-7077	40	26	components	component	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	27	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	40	28	effective	effective	ADJ
ideas-7077	40	29	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	30	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	40	31	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	40	32	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	40	33	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	41	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	41	2	nurbani	nurbani	ADJ
ideas-7077	41	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	41	4	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	41	5	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	41	6	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	41	7	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	8	investigates	investigate	VERB
ideas-7077	41	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	41	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	41	12	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	13	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	41	14	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	41	15	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
ideas-7077	41	16	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	17	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	41	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	20	among	among	ADP
ideas-7077	41	21	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	41	22	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	41	23	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	24	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	41	25	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	42	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
ideas-7077	42	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	42	3	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	42	4	examines	examine	VERB
ideas-7077	42	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	42	6	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	42	7	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	42	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	42	9	perform	perform	VERB
ideas-7077	42	10	better	well	ADV
ideas-7077	42	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	42	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	42	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	42	14	compared	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	42	15	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	42	16	those	those	PRON
ideas-7077	42	17	relying	rely	VERB
ideas-7077	42	18	solely	solely	ADV
ideas-7077	42	19	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	42	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	42	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	42	22	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	42	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	43	1	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	43	2	comparing	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	43	3	pre	pre	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	4	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	43	5	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	43	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	43	7	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	43	8	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	43	9	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	43	10	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	43	12	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	43	13	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	14	seeks	seek	VERB
ideas-7077	43	15	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	43	16	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	43	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	43	18	extent	extent	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	19	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	43	20	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	43	21	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	22	contributes	contribute	VERB
ideas-7077	43	23	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	43	24	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	25	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	43	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	44	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ideas-7077	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	44	3	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	44	4	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	44	5	builds	build	VERB
ideas-7077	44	6	upon	upon	SCONJ
ideas-7077	44	7	previous	previous	ADJ
ideas-7077	44	8	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ideas-7077	44	9	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	44	10	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	44	11	highlight	highlight	VERB
ideas-7077	44	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	44	13	advantages	advantage	NOUN
ideas-7077	44	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	44	15	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	44	16	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	44	17	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	44	18	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	44	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	45	1	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	45	2	some	some	DET
ideas-7077	45	3	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	4	have	have	AUX
ideas-7077	45	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ideas-7077	45	6	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	45	7	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	8	enhances	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	45	9	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ideas-7077	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	45	11	reading	reading	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	12	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	45	14	fewer	few	ADJ
ideas-7077	45	15	have	have	AUX
ideas-7077	45	16	explored	explore	VERB
ideas-7077	45	17	its	its	PRON
ideas-7077	45	18	role	role	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	19	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	45	20	improving	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	45	21	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	22	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	45	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	46	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ideas-7077	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	46	3	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	46	4	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	5	aims	aim	VERB
ideas-7077	46	6	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	46	7	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	46	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	46	9	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	10	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	46	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	46	12	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	13	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	14	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	46	15	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	16	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	46	17	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	18	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	46	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	47	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	47	2	will	will	AUX
ideas-7077	47	3	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	47	4	how	how	SCONJ
ideas-7077	47	5	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	47	6	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	47	7	effectively	effectively	ADV
ideas-7077	47	8	improves	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	47	9	users	user	NOUN
ideas-7077	47	10	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	47	11	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ideas-7077	47	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	47	13	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	47	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	47	15	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	47	16	structures	structure	NOUN
ideas-7077	47	17	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	47	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	47	19	particular	particular	ADJ
ideas-7077	47	20	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	47	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	48	1	given	give	VERB
ideas-7077	48	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	48	3	increasing	increase	VERB
ideas-7077	48	4	reliance	reliance	NOUN
ideas-7077	48	5	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	48	6	digital	digital	ADJ
ideas-7077	48	7	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	48	8	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	48	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	48	10	understanding	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	48	11	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	48	12	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	48	13	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	48	14	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	48	15	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	48	16	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	48	17	crucial	crucial	ADJ
ideas-7077	48	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	49	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	49	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	49	3	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	49	4	only	only	ADV
ideas-7077	49	5	benefits	benefit	VERB
ideas-7077	49	6	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	49	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	49	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
ideas-7077	49	9	but	but	CCONJ
ideas-7077	49	10	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	49	11	contributes	contribute	VERB
ideas-7077	49	12	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	49	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	49	14	growing	grow	VERB
ideas-7077	49	15	body	body	NOUN
ideas-7077	49	16	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	49	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ideas-7077	49	18	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	49	19	educational	educational	ADJ
ideas-7077	49	20	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	50	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	50	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	3	will	will	AUX
ideas-7077	50	4	help	help	VERB
ideas-7077	50	5	educators	educator	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	6	make	make	VERB
ideas-7077	50	7	informed	informed	ADJ
ideas-7077	50	8	decisions	decision	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	9	about	about	ADP
ideas-7077	50	10	integrating	integrate	VERB
ideas-7077	50	11	digital	digital	ADJ
ideas-7077	50	12	applications	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	13	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	50	14	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	50	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	50	18	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	50	19	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	50	20	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	21	receive	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	50	22	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	50	23	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	50	24	engaging	engaging	ADJ
ideas-7077	50	25	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	50	26	effective	effective	ADJ
ideas-7077	50	27	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	28	experience	experience	NOUN
ideas-7077	50	29	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	51	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	51	2	line	line	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	3	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	51	4	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	51	5	objectives	objective	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	51	7	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	51	8	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	9	seeks	seek	VERB
ideas-7077	51	10	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	51	11	answer	answer	VERB
ideas-7077	51	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	51	13	following	following	ADJ
ideas-7077	51	14	question	question	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	15	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	51	16	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	51	17	there	there	PRON
ideas-7077	51	18	any	any	DET
ideas-7077	51	19	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	20	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	51	21	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	51	22	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	23	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	51	24	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	51	25	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	51	26	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	27	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	28	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	51	29	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	30	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	51	31	?	?	PUNCT
ideas-7077	52	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	52	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	3	employed	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	52	4	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	52	5	quasi	quasi	ADJ
ideas-7077	52	6	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	52	7	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	52	8	design	design	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	9	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	52	10	examine	examine	VERB
ideas-7077	52	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	52	12	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	13	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	52	14	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	52	15	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	16	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	52	17	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	52	18	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	52	19	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	20	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	21	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	52	22	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	23	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	52	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	53	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	53	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	4	involved	involve	VERB
ideas-7077	53	5	selecting	select	VERB
ideas-7077	53	6	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	7	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	53	8	sma	sma	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	9	hang	hang	ADJ
ideas-7077	53	10	tuah	tuah	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	11	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	53	12	sidoarjo	sidoarjo	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	53	14	specifically	specifically	ADV
ideas-7077	53	15	70	70	NUM
ideas-7077	53	16	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
ideas-7077	53	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	53	18	grade	grade	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	19	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	20	divided	divide	VERB
ideas-7077	53	21	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	53	22	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	53	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	53	24	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	25	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	53	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	54	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	54	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	54	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	54	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	6	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	54	7	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	54	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	54	10	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	54	11	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	54	13	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	54	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	54	15	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	16	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	17	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	54	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	54	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	20	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	54	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	55	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	55	2	scope	scope	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	55	4	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	55	5	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	6	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	55	7	limited	limit	VERB
ideas-7077	55	8	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	55	9	analysing	analyse	VERB
ideas-7077	55	10	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	11	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	55	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	14	before	before	ADP
ideas-7077	55	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	55	16	after	after	ADP
ideas-7077	55	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	55	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	55	20	focusing	focus	VERB
ideas-7077	55	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	55	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	55	23	differences	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	55	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	26	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	55	27	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	55	28	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	55	29	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	55	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	56	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	56	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	3	objects	object	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	4	included	include	VERB
ideas-7077	56	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	56	6	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	7	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	56	8	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	56	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	56	11	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	12	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	13	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	56	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	56	15	primary	primary	ADJ
ideas-7077	56	16	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	17	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	56	19	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	56	20	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	21	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	22	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	56	23	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	56	24	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ideas-7077	56	25	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	56	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	57	1	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	57	2	collection	collection	NOUN
ideas-7077	57	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	57	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	57	5	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	57	6	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	57	7	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	57	8	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	57	9	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	57	10	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	57	11	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	57	12	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	57	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	57	14	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	57	15	measure	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	57	16	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	57	17	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	57	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	57	19	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	57	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	58	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
ideas-7077	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	58	3	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	58	4	engagement	engagement	NOUN
ideas-7077	58	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	58	6	perceptions	perception	NOUN
ideas-7077	58	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	58	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	58	9	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	58	10	observed	observe	VERB
ideas-7077	58	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	58	12	understand	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	58	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	58	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	58	15	process	process	NOUN
ideas-7077	58	16	better	well	ADV
ideas-7077	58	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	59	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	59	2	primary	primary	ADJ
ideas-7077	59	3	instruments	instrument	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	59	5	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	59	6	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	59	7	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	8	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	59	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	10	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	11	designed	design	VERB
ideas-7077	59	12	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	59	13	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ideas-7077	59	14	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	15	’	’	PART
ideas-7077	59	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	59	18	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	59	20	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	59	21	structures	structure	NOUN
ideas-7077	59	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	60	1	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	60	2	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	60	3	ensured	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	60	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	60	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	60	6	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	60	7	provided	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	60	8	quantifiable	quantifiable	ADJ
ideas-7077	60	9	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	60	10	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	60	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	60	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	1	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	4	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	61	5	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	7	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	61	8	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	9	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	61	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	11	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	61	12	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	61	13	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	61	14	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	61	15	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	61	16	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	61	17	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	18	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	19	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	20	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	61	21	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	61	22	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	61	23	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	61	24	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	25	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	61	26	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	27	3447	3447	NUM
ideas-7077	61	28	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	61	29	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	30	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	61	31	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	61	32	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	61	33	sma	sma	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	34	hang	hang	ADJ
ideas-7077	61	35	tuah	tuah	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	36	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	61	37	sidoarjo	sidoarjo	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	38	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	39	where	where	SCONJ
ideas-7077	61	40	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	41	participated	participate	VERB
ideas-7077	61	42	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	61	43	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	61	44	four	four	NUM
ideas-7077	61	45	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	46	week	week	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	47	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	48	period	period	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	49	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	61	50	integrating	integrate	VERB
ideas-7077	61	51	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	52	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	61	53	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	61	54	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	55	routines	routine	NOUN
ideas-7077	61	56	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	62	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	62	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	3	variables	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	4	consisted	consist	VERB
ideas-7077	62	5	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	62	6	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	62	7	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	62	8	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	62	10	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	62	11	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	62	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	62	13	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	62	15	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	62	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	62	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	62	19	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ideas-7077	62	20	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	62	22	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	62	23	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	62	24	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	25	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	62	26	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	27	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	62	28	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	63	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	63	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	63	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	4	received	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	63	5	regular	regular	ADJ
ideas-7077	63	6	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	7	practice	practice	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	8	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	63	9	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	63	11	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	63	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	63	13	control	control	PROPN
ideas-7077	63	14	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	15	continued	continue	VERB
ideas-7077	63	16	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	63	17	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	63	18	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ideas-7077	63	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	63	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	64	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	64	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ideas-7077	64	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	64	4	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	64	5	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	64	6	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	64	7	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	64	8	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	64	9	determined	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	64	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	64	11	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	64	12	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	64	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	64	14	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	64	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	65	1	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	65	2	data	data	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	65	5	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	65	6	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	7	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	65	8	employed	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	65	9	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	65	10	spss	spss	PROPN
ideas-7077	65	11	software	software	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	12	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	65	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	65	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	65	16	measuring	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	65	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	65	18	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	65	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	65	22	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	23	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	65	24	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	25	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	65	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	66	1	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	66	2	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	3	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	4	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	66	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	66	6	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	66	7	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	66	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	66	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	66	10	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	11	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	66	12	normally	normally	ADV
ideas-7077	66	13	distributed	distribute	VERB
ideas-7077	66	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	66	15	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	66	16	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	66	17	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	66	18	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	66	19	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	20	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	66	21	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	22	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	66	23	compare	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	66	24	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	66	25	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	26	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	27	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	66	28	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	66	29	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	66	30	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	66	31	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	32	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	66	33	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	67	1	if	if	SCONJ
ideas-7077	67	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	67	3	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	67	4	did	do	AUX
ideas-7077	67	5	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	67	6	meet	meet	VERB
ideas-7077	67	7	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	67	8	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ideas-7077	67	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	67	10	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	67	11	non	non	ADJ
ideas-7077	67	12	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	67	13	parametric	parametric	ADJ
ideas-7077	67	14	mann	mann	PROPN
ideas-7077	67	15	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	67	16	whitney	whitney	PROPN
ideas-7077	67	17	u	u	PROPN
ideas-7077	67	18	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	67	19	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	67	20	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	67	21	instead	instead	ADV
ideas-7077	67	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	68	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	68	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	68	3	aimed	aim	VERB
ideas-7077	68	4	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	68	5	identify	identify	VERB
ideas-7077	68	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	68	7	there	there	PRON
ideas-7077	68	8	was	be	VERB
ideas-7077	68	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	68	10	statistically	statistically	ADV
ideas-7077	68	11	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	68	12	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	68	13	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	68	14	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	68	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	68	16	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	68	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	68	18	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	68	19	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	68	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	69	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	69	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	4	ensured	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	69	5	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	69	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	69	7	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	8	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	69	9	systematically	systematically	ADV
ideas-7077	69	10	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	69	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	69	12	allowing	allow	VERB
ideas-7077	69	13	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	69	14	valid	valid	ADJ
ideas-7077	69	15	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	16	regarding	regard	VERB
ideas-7077	69	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	69	18	role	role	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	69	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	21	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	69	22	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	69	23	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	69	24	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	69	25	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	26	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	27	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	69	28	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	29	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	69	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	70	1	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	70	2	implementing	implement	VERB
ideas-7077	70	3	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	4	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	5	collection	collection	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	70	7	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	9	techniques	technique	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	70	11	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	70	12	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	13	contributes	contribute	VERB
ideas-7077	70	14	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	70	15	understanding	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	70	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	70	17	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	70	19	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	20	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	70	21	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	70	22	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	23	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	70	24	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	25	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	26	method	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	27	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	70	28	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	29	employed	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	70	30	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	70	31	quasi	quasi	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	32	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	33	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	34	design	design	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	35	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	70	36	examine	examine	VERB
ideas-7077	70	37	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	70	38	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	39	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	70	40	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	70	41	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	42	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	70	43	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	44	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	70	45	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	46	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	47	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	70	48	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	49	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	70	50	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	71	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	71	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	4	involved	involve	VERB
ideas-7077	71	5	selecting	select	VERB
ideas-7077	71	6	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	7	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	71	8	sma	sma	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	9	hang	hang	ADJ
ideas-7077	71	10	tuah	tuah	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	11	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	71	12	sidoarjo	sidoarjo	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	71	14	specifically	specifically	ADV
ideas-7077	71	15	70	70	NUM
ideas-7077	71	16	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
ideas-7077	71	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	71	18	grade	grade	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	19	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	20	divided	divide	VERB
ideas-7077	71	21	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	71	22	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	71	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	71	24	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	25	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	71	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	72	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	72	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	72	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	72	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	6	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	72	7	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	72	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	72	10	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	72	11	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	72	13	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	72	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	72	15	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	16	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	17	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	72	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	72	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	20	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	72	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	73	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	73	2	scope	scope	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	73	4	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	73	5	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	6	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	73	7	limited	limit	VERB
ideas-7077	73	8	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	73	9	analysing	analyse	VERB
ideas-7077	73	10	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	11	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	73	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	14	before	before	ADP
ideas-7077	73	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	73	16	after	after	ADP
ideas-7077	73	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	73	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	73	20	focusing	focus	VERB
ideas-7077	73	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	73	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	73	23	differences	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	73	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	26	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	73	27	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	73	28	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	73	29	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	73	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	74	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	74	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	3	objects	object	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	4	included	include	VERB
ideas-7077	74	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	74	6	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	7	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	74	8	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	74	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	74	11	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	12	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	13	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	74	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	74	15	primary	primary	ADJ
ideas-7077	74	16	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	17	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	74	19	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	74	20	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	21	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	22	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	74	23	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	74	24	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ideas-7077	74	25	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	74	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	75	1	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	75	2	collection	collection	NOUN
ideas-7077	75	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	75	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	75	5	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	75	6	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	75	7	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	75	8	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	75	9	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	75	10	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	75	11	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	75	12	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	75	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	75	14	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	75	15	measure	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	75	16	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	75	17	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	75	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	75	19	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	75	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	76	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
ideas-7077	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	76	3	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	76	4	engagement	engagement	NOUN
ideas-7077	76	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	76	6	perceptions	perception	NOUN
ideas-7077	76	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	76	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	76	9	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	76	10	observed	observe	VERB
ideas-7077	76	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	76	12	understand	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	76	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	76	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	76	15	process	process	NOUN
ideas-7077	76	16	better	well	ADV
ideas-7077	76	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	77	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	77	2	primary	primary	ADJ
ideas-7077	77	3	instruments	instrument	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	77	5	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	77	6	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	77	7	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	8	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	77	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	10	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	11	designed	design	VERB
ideas-7077	77	12	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	77	13	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ideas-7077	77	14	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	15	’	’	PART
ideas-7077	77	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	77	18	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	77	20	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	77	21	structures	structure	NOUN
ideas-7077	77	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	78	1	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	78	2	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	78	3	ensured	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	78	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	78	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	78	6	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	78	7	provided	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	78	8	quantifiable	quantifiable	ADJ
ideas-7077	78	9	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	78	10	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	78	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	78	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	79	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	79	2	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	79	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	79	5	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	79	6	sma	sma	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	7	hang	hang	ADJ
ideas-7077	79	8	tuah	tuah	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	9	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	79	10	sidoarjo	sidoarjo	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	79	12	where	where	SCONJ
ideas-7077	79	13	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	14	gladis	gladis	VERB
ideas-7077	79	15	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	79	16	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	79	18	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	79	19	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	79	20	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	79	21	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	22	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	79	23	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	79	25	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	79	26	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	79	27	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	28	3448	3448	NUM
ideas-7077	79	29	participated	participate	VERB
ideas-7077	79	30	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	79	31	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	79	32	four	four	NUM
ideas-7077	79	33	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	79	34	week	week	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	35	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	36	period	period	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	37	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	79	38	integrating	integrate	VERB
ideas-7077	79	39	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	40	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	79	41	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	79	42	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	43	routines	routine	NOUN
ideas-7077	79	44	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	80	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	80	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	3	variables	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	4	consisted	consist	VERB
ideas-7077	80	5	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	80	6	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	80	7	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	80	8	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	80	10	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	80	11	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	80	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	80	13	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	80	15	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	80	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	80	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	80	19	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ideas-7077	80	20	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	80	22	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	80	23	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	80	24	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	25	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	80	26	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	27	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	80	28	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	81	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	81	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	81	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	4	received	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	81	5	regular	regular	ADJ
ideas-7077	81	6	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	7	practice	practice	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	8	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	81	9	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	81	11	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	81	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	81	13	control	control	PROPN
ideas-7077	81	14	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	15	continued	continue	VERB
ideas-7077	81	16	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	81	17	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	81	18	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ideas-7077	81	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	81	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	82	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	82	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ideas-7077	82	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	82	4	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	82	5	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	82	6	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	82	7	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	82	8	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	82	9	determined	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	82	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	82	11	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	82	12	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	82	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	82	14	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	82	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	83	1	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	83	2	data	data	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	83	5	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	83	6	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	7	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	83	8	employed	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	83	9	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	83	10	spss	spss	PROPN
ideas-7077	83	11	software	software	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	12	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	83	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	83	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	83	16	measuring	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	83	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	83	18	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	83	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	83	22	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	23	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	83	24	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	25	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	83	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	84	1	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	84	2	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	3	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	4	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	84	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	84	6	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	84	7	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	84	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	84	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	84	10	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	11	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	84	12	normally	normally	ADV
ideas-7077	84	13	distributed	distribute	VERB
ideas-7077	84	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	84	15	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	84	16	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	84	17	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	84	18	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	84	19	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	20	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	84	21	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	22	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	84	23	compare	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	84	24	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	84	25	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	26	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	27	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	84	28	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	84	29	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	84	30	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	84	31	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	32	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	84	33	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	85	1	if	if	SCONJ
ideas-7077	85	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	85	3	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	85	4	did	do	AUX
ideas-7077	85	5	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	85	6	meet	meet	VERB
ideas-7077	85	7	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	85	8	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ideas-7077	85	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	85	10	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	85	11	non	non	ADJ
ideas-7077	85	12	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	85	13	parametric	parametric	ADJ
ideas-7077	85	14	mann	mann	PROPN
ideas-7077	85	15	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	85	16	whitney	whitney	PROPN
ideas-7077	85	17	u	u	PROPN
ideas-7077	85	18	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	85	19	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	85	20	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	85	21	instead	instead	ADV
ideas-7077	85	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	86	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	86	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	86	3	aimed	aim	VERB
ideas-7077	86	4	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	86	5	identify	identify	VERB
ideas-7077	86	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	86	7	there	there	PRON
ideas-7077	86	8	was	be	VERB
ideas-7077	86	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	86	10	statistically	statistically	ADV
ideas-7077	86	11	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	86	12	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	86	13	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	86	14	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	86	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	86	16	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	86	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	86	18	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	86	19	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	86	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	87	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	87	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	4	ensured	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	87	5	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	87	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	87	7	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	8	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	87	9	systematically	systematically	ADV
ideas-7077	87	10	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	87	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	87	12	allowing	allow	VERB
ideas-7077	87	13	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	87	14	valid	valid	ADJ
ideas-7077	87	15	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	16	regarding	regard	VERB
ideas-7077	87	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	87	18	role	role	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	87	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	21	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	87	22	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	87	23	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	87	24	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	87	25	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	26	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	27	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	87	28	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	29	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	87	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	88	1	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	88	2	implementing	implement	VERB
ideas-7077	88	3	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	4	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	5	collection	collection	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	88	7	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	9	techniques	technique	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	88	11	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	88	12	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	13	contributes	contribute	VERB
ideas-7077	88	14	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	88	15	understanding	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	88	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	88	17	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	88	19	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	20	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	88	21	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	88	22	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	23	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	88	24	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	25	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	26	results	result	VERB
ideas-7077	88	27	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	88	28	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	29	employed	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	88	30	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	88	31	quasi	quasi	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	32	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	33	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	34	design	design	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	35	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	88	36	examine	examine	VERB
ideas-7077	88	37	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	88	38	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	39	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	88	40	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	88	41	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	42	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	88	43	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	44	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	88	45	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	46	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	47	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	88	48	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	49	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	88	50	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	89	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	89	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	4	involved	involve	VERB
ideas-7077	89	5	selecting	select	VERB
ideas-7077	89	6	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	7	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	89	8	sma	sma	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	9	hang	hang	ADJ
ideas-7077	89	10	tuah	tuah	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	11	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	89	12	sidoarjo	sidoarjo	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	89	14	specifically	specifically	ADV
ideas-7077	89	15	70	70	NUM
ideas-7077	89	16	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
ideas-7077	89	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	89	18	grade	grade	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	19	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	20	divided	divide	VERB
ideas-7077	89	21	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	89	22	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	89	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	89	24	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	25	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	89	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	90	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	90	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	90	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	90	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	6	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	90	7	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	90	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	90	10	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	90	11	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	90	13	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	90	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	90	15	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	16	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	17	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	90	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	90	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	20	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	90	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	91	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	91	2	scope	scope	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	91	4	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	91	5	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	6	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	91	7	limited	limit	VERB
ideas-7077	91	8	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	91	9	analysing	analyse	VERB
ideas-7077	91	10	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	11	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	91	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	14	before	before	ADP
ideas-7077	91	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	91	16	after	after	ADP
ideas-7077	91	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	91	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	91	20	focusing	focus	VERB
ideas-7077	91	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	91	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	91	23	differences	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	91	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	26	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	91	27	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	91	28	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	91	29	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	91	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	92	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	92	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	3	objects	object	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	4	included	include	VERB
ideas-7077	92	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	92	6	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	7	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	92	8	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	92	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	92	11	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	12	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	13	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	92	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	92	15	primary	primary	ADJ
ideas-7077	92	16	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	17	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	92	19	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	92	20	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	21	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	22	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	92	23	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	92	24	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ideas-7077	92	25	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	92	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	93	1	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	93	2	collection	collection	NOUN
ideas-7077	93	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	93	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	93	5	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	93	6	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	93	7	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	93	8	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	93	9	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	93	10	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	93	11	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	93	12	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	93	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	93	14	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	93	15	measure	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	93	16	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	93	17	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	93	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	93	19	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	93	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	94	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
ideas-7077	94	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	94	3	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	94	4	engagement	engagement	NOUN
ideas-7077	94	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	94	6	perceptions	perception	NOUN
ideas-7077	94	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	94	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	94	9	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	94	10	observed	observe	VERB
ideas-7077	94	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	94	12	understand	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	94	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	94	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	94	15	process	process	NOUN
ideas-7077	94	16	better	well	ADV
ideas-7077	94	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	95	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	95	2	primary	primary	ADJ
ideas-7077	95	3	instruments	instrument	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	4	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	95	5	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	95	6	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	95	7	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	8	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	95	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	10	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	11	designed	design	VERB
ideas-7077	95	12	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	95	13	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ideas-7077	95	14	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	15	’	’	PART
ideas-7077	95	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	95	18	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	95	20	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	95	21	structures	structure	NOUN
ideas-7077	95	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	96	1	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	96	2	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	96	3	ensured	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	96	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	96	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	96	6	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	96	7	provided	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	96	8	quantifiable	quantifiable	ADJ
ideas-7077	96	9	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	96	10	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	96	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	96	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	97	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	97	2	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	97	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	97	5	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	97	6	sma	sma	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	7	hang	hang	ADJ
ideas-7077	97	8	tuah	tuah	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	9	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	97	10	sidoarjo	sidoarjo	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	97	12	where	where	SCONJ
ideas-7077	97	13	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	14	participated	participate	VERB
ideas-7077	97	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	97	16	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	97	17	four	four	NUM
ideas-7077	97	18	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	97	19	week	week	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	20	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	21	period	period	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	97	23	integrating	integrate	VERB
ideas-7077	97	24	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	25	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	97	26	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	97	27	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	28	routines	routine	NOUN
ideas-7077	97	29	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	98	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	3	variables	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	4	consisted	consist	VERB
ideas-7077	98	5	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	98	6	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	98	7	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	98	8	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	10	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	98	11	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	98	12	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	14	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	15	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	98	16	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	98	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	18	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	98	19	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	20	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	98	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	22	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	98	23	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	98	24	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	98	25	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	98	26	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	98	27	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	98	28	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	29	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	30	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	31	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	98	32	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	98	33	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	98	34	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	98	35	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	36	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	98	37	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	38	3449	3449	NUM
ideas-7077	98	39	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	98	40	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	41	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	98	42	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	43	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	44	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	98	45	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	98	46	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ideas-7077	98	47	variable	variable	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	48	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	98	49	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	98	50	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	98	51	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	52	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	98	53	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	54	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	98	55	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	99	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	99	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	99	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	4	received	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	99	5	regular	regular	ADJ
ideas-7077	99	6	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	7	practice	practice	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	8	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	99	9	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	99	11	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	99	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	99	13	control	control	PROPN
ideas-7077	99	14	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	15	continued	continue	VERB
ideas-7077	99	16	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	99	17	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	99	18	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ideas-7077	99	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	99	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	100	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	100	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ideas-7077	100	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	100	4	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	100	5	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	100	6	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	100	7	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	100	8	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	100	9	determined	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	100	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	100	11	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	100	12	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	100	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	100	14	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	100	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	101	1	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	101	2	data	data	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	101	5	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	101	6	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	7	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	101	8	employed	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	101	9	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	101	10	spss	spss	PROPN
ideas-7077	101	11	software	software	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	12	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	101	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	101	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	101	16	measuring	measure	VERB
ideas-7077	101	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	101	18	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	101	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	101	22	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	23	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	101	24	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	25	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	101	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	102	1	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	102	2	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	3	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	4	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	102	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	102	6	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	102	7	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	102	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	102	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	102	10	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	11	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	102	12	normally	normally	ADV
ideas-7077	102	13	distributed	distribute	VERB
ideas-7077	102	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	102	15	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	102	16	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	102	17	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	102	18	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	102	19	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	20	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	102	21	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	22	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	102	23	compare	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	102	24	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	102	25	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	26	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	27	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	102	28	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	102	29	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	102	30	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	102	31	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	32	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	102	33	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	103	1	if	if	SCONJ
ideas-7077	103	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	103	3	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	103	4	did	do	AUX
ideas-7077	103	5	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	103	6	meet	meet	VERB
ideas-7077	103	7	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	103	8	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ideas-7077	103	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	103	10	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	103	11	non	non	ADJ
ideas-7077	103	12	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	103	13	parametric	parametric	ADJ
ideas-7077	103	14	mann	mann	PROPN
ideas-7077	103	15	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	103	16	whitney	whitney	PROPN
ideas-7077	103	17	u	u	PROPN
ideas-7077	103	18	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	103	19	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	103	20	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	103	21	instead	instead	ADV
ideas-7077	103	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	104	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	104	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	104	3	aimed	aim	VERB
ideas-7077	104	4	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	104	5	identify	identify	VERB
ideas-7077	104	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	104	7	there	there	PRON
ideas-7077	104	8	was	be	VERB
ideas-7077	104	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	104	10	statistically	statistically	ADV
ideas-7077	104	11	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	104	12	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	104	13	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	104	14	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	104	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	104	16	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	104	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	104	18	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	104	19	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	104	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	105	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	105	2	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	4	ensured	ensure	VERB
ideas-7077	105	5	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	105	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	105	7	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	8	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	105	9	systematically	systematically	ADV
ideas-7077	105	10	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	105	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	105	12	allowing	allow	VERB
ideas-7077	105	13	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	105	14	valid	valid	ADJ
ideas-7077	105	15	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	16	regarding	regard	VERB
ideas-7077	105	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	105	18	role	role	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	105	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	21	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	105	22	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	105	23	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	105	24	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	105	25	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	26	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	27	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	105	28	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	29	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	105	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	106	1	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	106	2	implementing	implement	VERB
ideas-7077	106	3	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
ideas-7077	106	4	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	5	collection	collection	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	106	7	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	106	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	9	techniques	technique	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	106	11	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	106	12	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	13	contributes	contribute	VERB
ideas-7077	106	14	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	106	15	understanding	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	106	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	106	17	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	106	19	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	20	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	106	21	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	106	22	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	23	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	106	24	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	25	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	26	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	27	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	106	28	discussion	discussion	VERB
ideas-7077	106	29	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	106	30	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	31	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	106	32	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	106	33	pre	pre	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	34	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	35	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	36	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	106	37	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	38	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	106	39	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	40	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	106	41	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	106	42	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	106	43	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	106	44	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	45	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	46	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	106	47	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	106	48	shown	show	VERB
ideas-7077	106	49	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	106	50	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	106	51	table	table	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	52	below	below	ADV
ideas-7077	106	53	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	106	54	table	table	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	55	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	106	56	.	.	SYM
ideas-7077	106	57	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	106	58	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ideas-7077	106	59	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	60	n	n	PRON
ideas-7077	106	61	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ideas-7077	106	62	maximu	maximu	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	63	m	m	NOUN
ideas-7077	106	64	mean	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	106	65	std	std	X
ideas-7077	106	66	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	1	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	2	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	3	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	4	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	5	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	6	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	107	7	40	40	NUM
ideas-7077	107	8	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	107	9	65.86	65.86	NUM
ideas-7077	107	10	15.410	15.410	NUM
ideas-7077	107	11	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	12	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	13	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	14	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	15	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	107	16	40	40	NUM
ideas-7077	107	17	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	107	18	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	107	19	14.607	14.607	NUM
ideas-7077	107	20	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	21	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	22	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	23	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	24	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	107	25	40	40	NUM
ideas-7077	107	26	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	107	27	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	107	28	15.769	15.769	NUM
ideas-7077	107	29	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	30	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	31	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	32	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	33	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	107	34	55	55	NUM
ideas-7077	107	35	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	107	36	76.57	76.57	NUM
ideas-7077	107	37	10.831	10.831	NUM
ideas-7077	107	38	valid	valid	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	39	n	n	CCONJ
ideas-7077	107	40	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	41	listwise	listwise	PROPN
ideas-7077	107	42	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	43	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	107	44	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	107	45	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	46	included	include	VERB
ideas-7077	107	47	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	107	48	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	49	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	50	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	107	51	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	52	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	53	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	54	c	c	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	55	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	56	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	107	57	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	107	58	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	107	59	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	60	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	61	e	e	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	62	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	63	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	107	64	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	107	65	each	each	DET
ideas-7077	107	66	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	67	comprising	comprise	VERB
ideas-7077	107	68	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	107	69	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	107	70	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	108	1	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	108	2	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	3	underwent	undergo	VERB
ideas-7077	108	4	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	108	5	pre	pre	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	6	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	7	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	108	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	108	10	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	11	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	108	12	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	13	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	108	14	assess	assess	VERB
ideas-7077	108	15	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	108	16	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	17	prior	prior	ADV
ideas-7077	108	18	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	108	19	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	108	20	following	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	108	21	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	108	22	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ideas-7077	108	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	109	1	according	accord	VERB
ideas-7077	109	2	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	109	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	109	4	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	5	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	6	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	7	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	109	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	109	10	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	11	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	12	achieved	achieve	VERB
ideas-7077	109	13	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	109	14	average	average	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	15	score	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	16	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	109	17	65.86	65.86	NUM
ideas-7077	109	18	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	109	19	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	109	20	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	21	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	22	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	109	23	15.410	15.410	NUM
ideas-7077	109	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	109	25	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
ideas-7077	109	26	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	109	27	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	28	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	29	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	109	30	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	109	31	slightly	slightly	ADV
ideas-7077	109	32	higher	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	33	average	average	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	34	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	109	35	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	109	36	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	109	37	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	109	38	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	109	39	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	109	40	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	109	41	14.607	14.607	NUM
ideas-7077	109	42	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	110	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	110	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	110	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	110	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	110	5	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	6	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	110	7	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	110	8	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	9	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	110	10	comparable	comparable	ADJ
ideas-7077	110	11	abilities	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	12	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	110	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	110	14	gladis	gladi	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	15	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	110	16	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	110	18	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	110	19	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	110	20	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	110	21	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	22	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	110	23	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	110	25	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	110	26	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	110	27	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	110	28	3450	3450	NUM
ideas-7077	110	29	start	start	VERB
ideas-7077	110	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	111	1	after	after	SCONJ
ideas-7077	111	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	111	3	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ideas-7077	111	4	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	111	5	administered	administer	VERB
ideas-7077	111	6	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	111	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	111	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	111	9	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	111	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	111	11	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	111	12	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	111	13	completed	complete	VERB
ideas-7077	111	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	111	15	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	111	16	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	111	17	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	111	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	112	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	112	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
ideas-7077	112	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	112	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	112	6	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	7	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	8	achieved	achieve	VERB
ideas-7077	112	9	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	112	10	average	average	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	11	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	12	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	13	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	14	score	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	15	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	112	16	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	112	17	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	112	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	112	19	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	20	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	21	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	112	22	15.769	15.769	NUM
ideas-7077	112	23	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	112	24	showing	show	VERB
ideas-7077	112	25	almost	almost	ADV
ideas-7077	112	26	no	no	PRON
ideas-7077	112	27	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	28	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	112	29	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	112	30	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	31	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	32	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	112	33	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	112	34	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	113	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	113	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ideas-7077	113	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	113	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	113	5	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	6	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	113	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ideas-7077	113	8	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	113	9	notable	notable	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	10	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
ideas-7077	113	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	113	12	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	113	13	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	113	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	113	15	recording	record	VERB
ideas-7077	113	16	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	113	17	average	average	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	18	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	19	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	20	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	21	score	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	113	22	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	113	23	76.57	76.57	NUM
ideas-7077	113	24	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	113	25	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	113	26	reduced	reduce	VERB
ideas-7077	113	27	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	113	28	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	113	29	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	113	30	10.831	10.831	NUM
ideas-7077	113	31	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	114	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	114	2	implies	imply	VERB
ideas-7077	114	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	114	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	114	5	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ideas-7077	114	6	provided	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	114	7	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	114	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	114	9	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	114	10	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	114	11	positively	positively	ADV
ideas-7077	114	12	influenced	influence	VERB
ideas-7077	114	13	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	114	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	114	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ideas-7077	114	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	115	1	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	2	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	4	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	115	5	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	115	6	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	115	8	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	115	9	pre	pre	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	10	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	11	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	115	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	115	13	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	14	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	115	15	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	16	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	115	17	carried	carry	VERB
ideas-7077	115	18	out	out	ADP
ideas-7077	115	19	first	first	ADV
ideas-7077	115	20	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	115	21	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	115	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	115	23	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	24	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	115	25	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	26	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	115	27	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	28	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	115	29	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	116	1	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	116	2	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	116	3	considered	consider	VERB
ideas-7077	116	4	regularly	regularly	ADV
ideas-7077	116	5	distributed	distribute	VERB
ideas-7077	116	6	if	if	SCONJ
ideas-7077	116	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	116	8	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	116	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	116	10	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	116	11	series	series	NOUN
ideas-7077	116	12	exceeded	exceed	VERB
ideas-7077	116	13	0.05	0.05	NUM
ideas-7077	116	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	117	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	117	2	meant	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	117	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	117	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	117	5	t	t	PROPN
ideas-7077	117	6	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	117	7	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	117	8	could	could	AUX
ideas-7077	117	9	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	117	10	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	117	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	117	12	determine	determine	VERB
ideas-7077	117	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	117	14	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	117	15	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	117	16	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	117	17	increase	increase	NOUN
ideas-7077	117	18	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	117	19	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	117	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	118	1	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	118	2	kolmogorov	kolmogorov	PROPN
ideas-7077	118	3	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	118	4	smirnova	smirnova	NOUN
ideas-7077	118	5	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
ideas-7077	118	6	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	118	7	wilk	wilk	PROPN
ideas-7077	118	8	statistic	statistic	PROPN
ideas-7077	118	9	df	df	PROPN
ideas-7077	118	10	sig	sig	PROPN
ideas-7077	118	11	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	119	1	statistic	statistic	PROPN
ideas-7077	119	2	df	df	PROPN
ideas-7077	119	3	sig	sig	PROPN
ideas-7077	119	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	120	1	pretest	pret	ADJ
ideas-7077	120	2	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	120	3	.120	.120	NUM
ideas-7077	120	4	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	5	.200	.200	NUM
ideas-7077	120	6	*	*	NOUN
ideas-7077	120	7	.964	.964	NUM
ideas-7077	120	8	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	9	.291	.291	NUM
ideas-7077	120	10	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	120	11	.134	.134	NUM
ideas-7077	120	12	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	13	.114	.114	NUM
ideas-7077	120	14	.953	.953	NUM
ideas-7077	120	15	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	16	.145	.145	NUM
ideas-7077	120	17	posttes	postte	NOUN
ideas-7077	120	18	t	t	PROPN
ideas-7077	120	19	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	120	20	.129	.129	NUM
ideas-7077	120	21	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	22	.149	.149	NUM
ideas-7077	120	23	.950	.950	NUM
ideas-7077	120	24	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	25	.116	.116	NUM
ideas-7077	120	26	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	120	27	.133	.133	NUM
ideas-7077	120	28	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	29	.123	.123	NUM
ideas-7077	120	30	.952	.952	NUM
ideas-7077	120	31	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	120	32	.129	.129	NUM
ideas-7077	121	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	121	2	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	121	3	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	121	4	lower	low	ADJ
ideas-7077	121	5	bound	bind	VERB
ideas-7077	121	6	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	121	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	121	8	true	true	ADJ
ideas-7077	121	9	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	121	10	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	122	1	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	2	lilliefors	lilliefors	PROPN
ideas-7077	122	3	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	4	correction	correction	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	5	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	122	6	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	122	7	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	122	8	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	9	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	122	10	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	122	11	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	12	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	13	before	before	ADP
ideas-7077	122	14	carrying	carry	VERB
ideas-7077	122	15	out	out	ADP
ideas-7077	122	16	additional	additional	ADJ
ideas-7077	122	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	122	19	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	122	20	researcher	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	21	needed	need	VERB
ideas-7077	122	22	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	122	23	verify	verify	VERB
ideas-7077	122	24	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	122	25	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	122	26	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	27	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	122	28	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	122	29	normal	normal	ADJ
ideas-7077	122	30	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	31	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	122	32	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	122	33	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	122	34	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	122	35	essential	essential	ADJ
ideas-7077	122	36	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	37	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	122	38	applying	apply	VERB
ideas-7077	122	39	parametric	parametric	ADJ
ideas-7077	122	40	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	122	41	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	122	42	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	123	1	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	123	2	assess	assess	VERB
ideas-7077	123	3	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	123	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	123	5	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	123	6	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	123	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	123	8	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	123	9	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	123	10	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	123	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	123	12	kolmogorov	kolmogorov	ADJ
ideas-7077	123	13	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	123	14	smirnov	smirnov	ADJ
ideas-7077	123	15	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	123	16	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	123	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	123	18	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
ideas-7077	123	19	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	123	20	wilk	wilk	NOUN
ideas-7077	123	21	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	123	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	124	1	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	124	2	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	124	3	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	124	4	performed	perform	VERB
ideas-7077	124	5	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	124	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	124	7	pretest	pret	ADJ
ideas-7077	124	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	124	9	posttest	postt	ADJ
ideas-7077	124	10	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	124	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	124	12	two	two	NUM
ideas-7077	124	13	classes	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	124	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	124	15	each	each	PRON
ideas-7077	124	16	containing	contain	VERB
ideas-7077	124	17	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	124	18	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	124	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	1	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	125	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	125	3	pretest	pret	ADJ
ideas-7077	125	4	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	6	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	7	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	125	8	recorded	record	VERB
ideas-7077	125	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	125	10	kolmogorovsmirnov	kolmogorovsmirnov	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	11	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	12	level	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	13	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	125	14	.200	.200	NUM
ideas-7077	125	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	125	16	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	125	17	shapiro	shapiro	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	18	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	19	wilk	wilk	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	20	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	21	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	125	22	.291	.291	NUM
ideas-7077	125	23	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	24	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
ideas-7077	125	25	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	26	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	125	27	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	125	28	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	29	levels	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	30	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	125	31	.114	.114	NUM
ideas-7077	125	32	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	33	kolmogorov	kolmogorov	ADJ
ideas-7077	125	34	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	35	smirnov	smirnov	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	36	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	37	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	125	38	.145	.145	NUM
ideas-7077	125	39	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	40	shapiro	shapiro	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	41	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	42	wilk	wilk	NOUN
ideas-7077	125	43	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	125	44	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	126	1	regarding	regard	VERB
ideas-7077	126	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	126	3	posttest	postt	ADJ
ideas-7077	126	4	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	126	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	126	6	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	126	7	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	126	8	revealed	reveal	VERB
ideas-7077	126	9	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	126	10	levels	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	126	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	126	12	.149	.149	NUM
ideas-7077	126	13	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	126	14	.116	.116	NUM
ideas-7077	126	15	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	126	16	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	126	17	class	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	126	18	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	126	19	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	126	20	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	126	21	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	126	22	.123	.123	NUM
ideas-7077	126	23	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	126	24	.129	.129	NUM
ideas-7077	126	25	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	126	26	respectively	respectively	ADV
ideas-7077	126	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	127	1	since	since	SCONJ
ideas-7077	127	2	all	all	DET
ideas-7077	127	3	p	p	NOUN
ideas-7077	127	4	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	127	5	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	127	6	exceeded	exceed	VERB
ideas-7077	127	7	0.05	0.05	NUM
ideas-7077	127	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	127	9	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	127	10	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	127	11	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	127	12	inferred	infer	VERB
ideas-7077	127	13	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	127	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	127	15	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	127	16	followed	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	127	17	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	127	18	normal	normal	ADJ
ideas-7077	127	19	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ideas-7077	127	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	128	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	128	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
ideas-7077	128	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	128	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	128	5	normality	normality	NOUN
ideas-7077	128	6	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ideas-7077	128	7	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	128	8	satisfied	satisfied	ADJ
ideas-7077	128	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	128	10	enabling	enable	VERB
ideas-7077	128	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	128	12	researcher	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	128	13	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	128	14	continue	continue	VERB
ideas-7077	128	15	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	128	16	parametric	parametric	ADJ
ideas-7077	128	17	tests	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	128	18	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	128	19	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	128	20	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
ideas-7077	128	21	phase	phase	NOUN
ideas-7077	128	22	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	128	23	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	128	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	128	25	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	1	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	129	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	129	4	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	129	5	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	129	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	7	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	129	8	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	129	9	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	129	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	11	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	129	12	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	129	13	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	129	14	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	129	15	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	129	16	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	129	17	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	18	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	129	19	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	20	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	129	21	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	129	22	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	129	23	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	129	24	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	25	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	129	26	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	27	3451	3451	NUM
ideas-7077	129	28	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	129	29	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	129	30	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	129	31	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	129	32	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	130	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	130	2	group	group	PROPN
ideas-7077	130	3	statistics	statistics	PROPN
ideas-7077	130	4	test	test	PROPN
ideas-7077	130	5	n	n	ADV
ideas-7077	130	6	mean	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	130	7	std	std	X
ideas-7077	130	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	131	1	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	2	std	std	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	3	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	131	4	error	error	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	5	mean	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	131	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	131	7	1.00	1.00	NUM
ideas-7077	131	8	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	131	9	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	131	10	14.607	14.607	NUM
ideas-7077	131	11	2.469	2.469	NUM
ideas-7077	131	12	2.00	2.00	NUM
ideas-7077	131	13	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	131	14	76.57	76.57	NUM
ideas-7077	131	15	10.831	10.831	NUM
ideas-7077	131	16	1.831	1.831	NUM
ideas-7077	131	17	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	131	18	samples	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	19	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	20	levene	levene	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	21	's	's	PART
ideas-7077	131	22	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	23	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	131	24	equality	equality	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	25	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	131	26	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	27	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	28	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	131	29	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	30	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	131	31	equality	equality	NOUN
ideas-7077	131	32	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	131	33	means	means	PROPN
ideas-7077	131	34	f	f	PROPN
ideas-7077	131	35	sig	sig	PROPN
ideas-7077	131	36	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	132	1	t	t	PROPN
ideas-7077	132	2	df	df	PROPN
ideas-7077	132	3	sig	sig	PROPN
ideas-7077	132	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	133	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	133	2	2taile	2taile	NUM
ideas-7077	133	3	d	d	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	4	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	133	5	mean	mean	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	6	differe	differe	X
ideas-7077	133	7	nce	nce	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	8	std	std	PROPN
ideas-7077	133	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	133	10	error	error	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	11	differe	differe	X
ideas-7077	133	12	nce	nce	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	13	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	133	14	%	%	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	16	interval	interval	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	17	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	133	18	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	133	19	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	20	lower	low	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	21	upper	upper	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	22	experi	experi	PROPN
ideas-7077	133	23	mental	mental	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	24	equal	equal	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	25	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	26	assumed	assume	VERB
ideas-7077	133	27	4.743	4.743	NUM
ideas-7077	133	28	.033	.033	NUM
ideas-7077	133	29	-3.393	-3.393	NUM
ideas-7077	133	30	68	68	NUM
ideas-7077	133	31	.001	.001	NUM
ideas-7077	133	32	10.429	10.429	NUM
ideas-7077	133	33	3.074	3.074	NUM
ideas-7077	133	34	16.562	16.562	NUM
ideas-7077	133	35	-4.295	-4.295	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	36	equal	equal	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	37	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	38	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	133	39	assumed	assume	VERB
ideas-7077	133	40	-3.393	-3.393	PROPN
ideas-7077	133	41	62.709	62.709	NUM
ideas-7077	133	42	.001	.001	NUM
ideas-7077	133	43	10.429	10.429	NUM
ideas-7077	133	44	3.074	3.074	NUM
ideas-7077	133	45	16.571	16.571	NUM
ideas-7077	133	46	-4.286	-4.286	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	47	explanation	explanation	NOUN
ideas-7077	133	48	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	133	49	1	1	X
ideas-7077	133	50	.	.	X
ideas-7077	133	51	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	52	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	53	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	133	54	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	133	55	.	.	X
ideas-7077	134	1	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	2	-	-	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	3	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	4	after	after	ADP
ideas-7077	134	5	weeks	week	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	6	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	134	7	planning	planning	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	134	9	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	134	11	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	134	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	134	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	134	15	time	time	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	16	had	have	AUX
ideas-7077	134	17	finally	finally	ADV
ideas-7077	134	18	come	come	VERB
ideas-7077	134	19	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	134	20	see	see	VERB
ideas-7077	134	21	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	134	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	134	23	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	24	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	134	25	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	134	26	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	134	27	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	134	28	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	29	had	have	AUX
ideas-7077	134	30	truly	truly	ADV
ideas-7077	134	31	made	make	VERB
ideas-7077	134	32	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	134	33	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	134	34	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	135	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	135	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	135	4	filled	fill	VERB
ideas-7077	135	5	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	135	6	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	135	7	excitement	excitement	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	135	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	135	10	bit	bit	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	135	12	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	135	14	turned	turn	VERB
ideas-7077	135	15	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	135	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	135	17	data	datum	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	18	collected	collect	VERB
ideas-7077	135	19	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	135	20	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	135	21	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	22	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	135	23	pre	pre	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	24	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	135	25	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	26	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	135	27	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	135	28	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	135	29	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	30	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	135	31	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	136	1	like	like	ADP
ideas-7077	136	2	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	136	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
ideas-7077	136	4	checking	check	VERB
ideas-7077	136	5	final	final	ADJ
ideas-7077	136	6	grades	grade	NOUN
ideas-7077	136	7	after	after	ADP
ideas-7077	136	8	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	136	9	long	long	ADJ
ideas-7077	136	10	semester	semester	NOUN
ideas-7077	136	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	136	12	there	there	PRON
ideas-7077	136	13	was	be	VERB
ideas-7077	136	14	hope	hope	NOUN
ideas-7077	136	15	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	136	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	136	17	effort	effort	NOUN
ideas-7077	136	18	invested	invest	VERB
ideas-7077	136	19	had	have	AUX
ideas-7077	136	20	paid	pay	VERB
ideas-7077	136	21	off	off	ADP
ideas-7077	136	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	137	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	137	2	focus	focus	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	137	4	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	137	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	137	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	137	7	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	137	9	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	137	10	had	have	AUX
ideas-7077	137	11	received	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	137	12	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	137	13	special	special	ADJ
ideas-7077	137	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	15	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	137	17	different	different	ADJ
ideas-7077	137	18	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	137	19	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	137	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	137	21	method	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	22	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	137	23	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	137	24	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	137	25	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	26	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	137	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	138	1	before	before	SCONJ
ideas-7077	138	2	any	any	DET
ideas-7077	138	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ideas-7077	138	4	could	could	AUX
ideas-7077	138	5	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	138	6	made	make	VERB
ideas-7077	138	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	138	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	138	9	researcher	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	138	10	needed	need	VERB
ideas-7077	138	11	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	138	12	statistically	statistically	ADV
ideas-7077	138	13	verify	verify	VERB
ideas-7077	138	14	whether	whether	SCONJ
ideas-7077	138	15	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	138	16	changes	change	NOUN
ideas-7077	138	17	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	138	18	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	138	19	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	138	20	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	138	21	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	138	22	or	or	CCONJ
ideas-7077	138	23	just	just	ADV
ideas-7077	138	24	random	random	ADJ
ideas-7077	138	25	variation	variation	NOUN
ideas-7077	138	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	139	1	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	139	2	do	do	VERB
ideas-7077	139	3	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	139	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	139	5	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	139	6	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	7	samples	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	139	8	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	139	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	139	10	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	139	11	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	139	12	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	139	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	139	14	comparing	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	139	15	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	139	16	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	139	17	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	139	18	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	19	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	20	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	21	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	139	22	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	23	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	24	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	139	25	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	139	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	1	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	140	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	140	3	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	140	7	mean	mean	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	8	score	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	9	before	before	ADP
ideas-7077	140	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	140	11	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	12	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	13	pregladis	pregladi	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	14	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	15	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	17	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	140	18	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	140	19	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	140	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	21	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	140	22	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	23	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	140	24	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	25	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	26	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	27	3452	3452	NUM
ideas-7077	140	28	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	29	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	30	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	140	31	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	140	32	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	140	33	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	140	34	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	35	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	36	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	140	37	14.607	14.607	NUM
ideas-7077	140	38	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	39	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	140	40	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	140	41	mean	mean	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	42	score	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	43	after	after	ADP
ideas-7077	140	44	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	140	45	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	46	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	47	post	post	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	48	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	49	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	50	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	51	increased	increase	VERB
ideas-7077	140	52	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	140	53	76.57	76.57	NUM
ideas-7077	140	54	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	140	55	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	140	56	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	140	57	lower	low	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	58	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	140	59	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	140	60	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	140	61	10.831	10.831	NUM
ideas-7077	140	62	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	141	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	141	2	alone	alone	ADJ
ideas-7077	141	3	suggested	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	141	4	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	141	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	141	6	but	but	CCONJ
ideas-7077	141	7	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	141	8	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	141	9	sure	sure	ADJ
ideas-7077	141	10	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	141	11	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	141	12	n’t	not	PART
ideas-7077	141	13	due	due	ADJ
ideas-7077	141	14	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	141	15	chance	chance	NOUN
ideas-7077	141	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	141	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	141	18	researcher	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	141	19	moved	move	VERB
ideas-7077	141	20	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	141	21	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	141	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	141	23	inferential	inferential	ADJ
ideas-7077	141	24	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	141	25	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	142	1	first	first	ADV
ideas-7077	142	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	142	3	levene	levene	NOUN
ideas-7077	142	4	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	142	5	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	142	6	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	142	7	equality	equality	NOUN
ideas-7077	142	8	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	142	9	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	142	10	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	142	11	conducted	conduct	VERB
ideas-7077	142	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	143	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	143	2	result	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	143	3	showed	show	VERB
ideas-7077	143	4	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	143	5	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	143	6	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	143	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	143	8	.033	.033	NUM
ideas-7077	143	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	143	10	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	143	11	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	143	12	below	below	ADP
ideas-7077	143	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	143	14	common	common	ADJ
ideas-7077	143	15	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ideas-7077	143	16	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	143	17	0.05	0.05	NUM
ideas-7077	143	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	144	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	144	2	meant	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	144	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	144	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	144	5	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ideas-7077	144	6	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	144	7	equal	equal	ADJ
ideas-7077	144	8	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	144	9	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	144	10	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	144	11	met	meet	VERB
ideas-7077	144	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	144	13	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	144	14	therefore	therefore	ADV
ideas-7077	144	15	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	144	16	t	t	PROPN
ideas-7077	144	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	144	18	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	144	19	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	144	20	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	144	21	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	144	22	“	"	PUNCT
ideas-7077	144	23	equal	equal	ADJ
ideas-7077	144	24	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	144	25	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	144	26	assumed	assume	VERB
ideas-7077	144	27	”	"	PUNCT
ideas-7077	144	28	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	144	29	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	144	30	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ideas-7077	144	31	ones	one	NOUN
ideas-7077	144	32	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	144	33	interpret	interpret	VERB
ideas-7077	144	34	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	1	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	145	2	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	145	3	row	row	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	145	6	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	7	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	8	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	9	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	145	10	-3.393	-3.393	ADJ
ideas-7077	145	11	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	145	12	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	145	13	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	14	level	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	15	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	16	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	145	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	18	tailed	tail	VERB
ideas-7077	145	19	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	20	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	145	21	.001	.001	NUM
ideas-7077	145	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	145	23	indicating	indicate	VERB
ideas-7077	145	24	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	145	25	highly	highly	ADV
ideas-7077	145	26	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	145	27	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	28	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	145	29	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	145	30	preand	preand	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	31	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	145	32	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	145	33	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	145	34	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	145	35	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	146	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	146	2	mean	mean	ADJ
ideas-7077	146	3	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	146	4	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	146	5	-10.429	-10.429	ADJ
ideas-7077	146	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	146	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	146	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	146	9	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	146	10	%	%	NOUN
ideas-7077	146	11	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ideas-7077	146	12	interval	interval	NOUN
ideas-7077	146	13	ranged	range	VERB
ideas-7077	146	14	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	146	15	-16.571	-16.571	PROPN
ideas-7077	146	16	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	146	17	-4.286	-4.286	PROPN
ideas-7077	146	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	146	19	confirming	confirm	VERB
ideas-7077	146	20	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	146	21	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	146	22	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	146	23	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	146	24	statistically	statistically	ADV
ideas-7077	146	25	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
ideas-7077	146	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	147	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	147	2	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	147	3	brought	bring	VERB
ideas-7077	147	4	relief	relief	NOUN
ideas-7077	147	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	147	6	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
ideas-7077	147	7	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	148	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	148	2	numbers	number	NOUN
ideas-7077	148	3	told	tell	VERB
ideas-7077	148	4	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	148	5	clear	clear	ADJ
ideas-7077	148	6	story	story	NOUN
ideas-7077	148	7	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	148	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	148	9	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	148	10	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	148	11	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	148	12	real	real	ADJ
ideas-7077	148	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	148	14	measurable	measurable	ADJ
ideas-7077	148	15	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	148	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	149	1	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	149	2	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	149	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	149	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	149	5	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	149	6	did	do	AUX
ideas-7077	149	7	n’t	not	PART
ideas-7077	149	8	just	just	ADV
ideas-7077	149	9	learn	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	149	10	—	—	PUNCT
ideas-7077	149	11	they	they	PRON
ideas-7077	149	12	improved	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	149	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
ideas-7077	149	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	150	1	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	150	2	outcome	outcome	NOUN
ideas-7077	150	3	stood	stand	VERB
ideas-7077	150	4	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	150	5	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ideas-7077	150	6	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	150	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	150	8	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	150	9	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	150	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	150	11	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	150	12	showed	show	VERB
ideas-7077	150	13	little	little	ADJ
ideas-7077	150	14	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	150	15	no	no	DET
ideas-7077	150	16	gain	gain	NOUN
ideas-7077	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	151	1	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	151	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	151	3	researcher	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	151	5	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	151	6	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	151	7	n’t	not	PART
ideas-7077	151	8	just	just	ADV
ideas-7077	151	9	about	about	ADP
ideas-7077	151	10	numbers	number	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	11	;	;	PUNCT
ideas-7077	151	12	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	151	13	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	151	14	proof	proof	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	15	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	151	16	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
ideas-7077	151	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	18	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	19	could	could	AUX
ideas-7077	151	20	truly	truly	ADV
ideas-7077	151	21	make	make	VERB
ideas-7077	151	22	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	151	23	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	151	25	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	26	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	151	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	152	1	control	control	PROPN
ideas-7077	152	2	class	class	PROPN
ideas-7077	152	3	group	group	PROPN
ideas-7077	152	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	152	5	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	152	6	n	n	ADV
ideas-7077	152	7	mean	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	152	8	std	std	X
ideas-7077	152	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	153	1	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	2	std	std	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	3	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	153	4	error	error	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	5	mean	mean	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	6	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	7	1.00	1.00	NUM
ideas-7077	153	8	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	153	9	65.86	65.86	NUM
ideas-7077	153	10	15.410	15.410	NUM
ideas-7077	153	11	2.605	2.605	NUM
ideas-7077	153	12	2.00	2.00	NUM
ideas-7077	153	13	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	153	14	66.14	66.14	NUM
ideas-7077	153	15	15.769	15.769	NUM
ideas-7077	153	16	2.665	2.665	NUM
ideas-7077	153	17	independent	independent	ADJ
ideas-7077	153	18	samples	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	19	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	20	levene	levene	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	21	's	's	PART
ideas-7077	153	22	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	23	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	153	24	equality	equality	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	25	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	153	26	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	27	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	28	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	153	29	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	30	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	153	31	equality	equality	NOUN
ideas-7077	153	32	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	153	33	means	means	PROPN
ideas-7077	153	34	f	f	PROPN
ideas-7077	153	35	sig	sig	PROPN
ideas-7077	153	36	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	154	1	t	t	PROPN
ideas-7077	154	2	df	df	PROPN
ideas-7077	154	3	sig	sig	PROPN
ideas-7077	154	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	155	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	155	2	2taile	2taile	NUM
ideas-7077	155	3	d	d	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	4	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	155	5	mean	mean	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	6	differe	differe	X
ideas-7077	155	7	nce	nce	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	8	std	std	PROPN
ideas-7077	155	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	155	10	error	error	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	11	differe	differe	X
ideas-7077	155	12	nce	nce	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	13	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	155	14	%	%	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	16	interval	interval	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	17	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	155	18	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	155	19	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	20	lower	low	ADJ
ideas-7077	155	21	upper	upper	ADJ
ideas-7077	155	22	contro	contro	PROPN
ideas-7077	155	23	l	l	PROPN
ideas-7077	155	24	equal	equal	ADJ
ideas-7077	155	25	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	155	26	assumed	assume	VERB
ideas-7077	155	27	.025	.025	NUM
ideas-7077	155	28	.875	.875	NUM
ideas-7077	155	29	-.077	-.077	PROPN
ideas-7077	155	30	68	68	NUM
ideas-7077	155	31	.939	.939	NUM
ideas-7077	156	1	-.286	-.286	ADJ
ideas-7077	156	2	3.727	3.727	NUM
ideas-7077	156	3	-7.723	-7.723	NOUN
ideas-7077	156	4	7.151	7.151	NUM
ideas-7077	156	5	equal	equal	ADJ
ideas-7077	156	6	variances	variance	NOUN
ideas-7077	156	7	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	156	8	assumed	assume	VERB
ideas-7077	156	9	-.077	-.077	PROPN
ideas-7077	156	10	67.964	67.964	NUM
ideas-7077	156	11	.939	.939	NUM
ideas-7077	157	1	-.286	-.286	ADJ
ideas-7077	157	2	3.727	3.727	NUM
ideas-7077	157	3	-7.723	-7.723	NOUN
ideas-7077	157	4	7.151	7.151	NUM
ideas-7077	157	5	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	7	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	157	8	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	157	9	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	157	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	11	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	157	12	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	157	13	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	157	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	15	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	157	16	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	157	17	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	157	18	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	157	19	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	157	20	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	157	21	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	22	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	157	23	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	24	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	157	25	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	157	26	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	157	27	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	157	28	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	29	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	157	30	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	157	31	3453	3453	NUM
ideas-7077	157	32	explanation	explanation	NOUN
ideas-7077	157	33	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	158	1	1	1	X
ideas-7077	158	2	.	.	X
ideas-7077	158	3	pre	pre	ADJ
ideas-7077	158	4	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	158	5	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	158	6	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	158	7	.	.	X
ideas-7077	159	1	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	159	2	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	159	3	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	159	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	159	5	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	159	6	began	begin	VERB
ideas-7077	159	7	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	159	8	examining	examine	VERB
ideas-7077	159	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	159	10	untreated	untreated	ADJ
ideas-7077	159	11	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	159	12	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	159	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	159	14	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	159	15	included	include	VERB
ideas-7077	159	16	35	35	NUM
ideas-7077	159	17	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	159	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	160	1	when	when	SCONJ
ideas-7077	160	2	comparing	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	160	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	160	4	average	average	ADJ
ideas-7077	160	5	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	6	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	160	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	160	8	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	9	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	160	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	160	11	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	12	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	160	13	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	160	14	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	15	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	160	16	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	160	18	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	160	19	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	20	showed	show	VERB
ideas-7077	160	21	no	no	DET
ideas-7077	160	22	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	160	23	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	160	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	161	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	161	2	mean	mean	ADJ
ideas-7077	161	3	difference	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	161	4	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	161	5	very	very	ADV
ideas-7077	161	6	small	small	ADJ
ideas-7077	161	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	161	8	only	only	ADV
ideas-7077	161	9	-0.286	-0.286	ADJ
ideas-7077	161	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	161	11	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	161	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	161	13	95	95	NUM
ideas-7077	161	14	%	%	NOUN
ideas-7077	161	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ideas-7077	161	16	interval	interval	NOUN
ideas-7077	161	17	ranged	range	VERB
ideas-7077	161	18	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	161	19	-7.723	-7.723	NOUN
ideas-7077	161	20	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	161	21	7.151	7.151	NUM
ideas-7077	161	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	162	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	162	2	indicated	indicate	VERB
ideas-7077	162	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	162	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	162	5	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	162	6	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	162	7	maintained	maintain	VERB
ideas-7077	162	8	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ideas-7077	162	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
ideas-7077	162	10	without	without	ADP
ideas-7077	162	11	any	any	DET
ideas-7077	162	12	influence	influence	NOUN
ideas-7077	162	13	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	162	14	external	external	ADJ
ideas-7077	162	15	factors	factor	NOUN
ideas-7077	162	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	163	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	163	2	other	other	ADJ
ideas-7077	163	3	words	word	NOUN
ideas-7077	163	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	163	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	163	6	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	163	7	given	give	VERB
ideas-7077	163	8	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	163	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	163	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	163	11	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	163	12	initially	initially	ADV
ideas-7077	163	13	did	do	AUX
ideas-7077	163	14	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	163	15	appear	appear	VERB
ideas-7077	163	16	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	163	17	cause	cause	VERB
ideas-7077	163	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	163	19	noticeable	noticeable	ADJ
ideas-7077	163	20	change	change	NOUN
ideas-7077	163	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	164	1	however	however	ADV
ideas-7077	164	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	164	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	164	4	relatively	relatively	ADV
ideas-7077	164	5	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	164	6	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	164	7	deviations	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	164	8	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	164	9	both	both	DET
ideas-7077	164	10	groups	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	164	11	suggested	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	164	12	some	some	DET
ideas-7077	164	13	variability	variability	NOUN
ideas-7077	164	14	among	among	ADP
ideas-7077	164	15	individual	individual	ADJ
ideas-7077	164	16	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	164	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	165	1	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	165	2	clarify	clarify	VERB
ideas-7077	165	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	165	4	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	5	expectations	expectation	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	165	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	165	8	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	9	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	165	10	set	set	VERB
ideas-7077	165	11	as	as	SCONJ
ideas-7077	165	12	follows	follow	VERB
ideas-7077	165	13	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	165	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	165	15	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ideas-7077	165	16	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	17	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	165	18	ha	ha	INTJ
ideas-7077	165	19	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	165	20	proposed	propose	VERB
ideas-7077	165	21	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	165	22	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	165	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	24	method	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	25	applied	apply	VERB
ideas-7077	165	26	would	would	AUX
ideas-7077	165	27	have	have	VERB
ideas-7077	165	28	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	165	29	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	165	30	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	31	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	165	32	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	33	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	165	34	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	35	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	165	36	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	166	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
ideas-7077	166	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	166	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	166	4	null	null	ADJ
ideas-7077	166	5	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	166	6	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	166	7	h0	h0	PROPN
ideas-7077	166	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	166	9	claimed	claim	VERB
ideas-7077	166	10	there	there	PRON
ideas-7077	166	11	would	would	AUX
ideas-7077	166	12	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	166	13	no	no	DET
ideas-7077	166	14	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	166	15	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	166	16	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	166	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	166	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	166	19	method	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	166	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	167	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	167	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	3	then	then	ADV
ideas-7077	167	4	compared	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	167	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	167	6	calculated	calculated	ADJ
ideas-7077	167	7	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	8	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	167	9	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	10	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	167	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	167	12	critical	critical	ADJ
ideas-7077	167	13	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	14	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	167	15	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	167	16	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	167	18	table	table	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	167	20	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	167	21	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	167	22	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	23	level	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	24	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	167	25	5	5	NUM
ideas-7077	167	26	%	%	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	27	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	167	28	degrees	degree	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	29	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	167	30	freedom	freedom	NOUN
ideas-7077	167	31	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	167	32	34	34	NUM
ideas-7077	167	33	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	168	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	168	2	rule	rule	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	168	4	simple	simple	ADJ
ideas-7077	168	5	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	168	6	if	if	SCONJ
ideas-7077	168	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	168	8	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	168	10	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	11	exceeded	exceed	VERB
ideas-7077	168	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	168	13	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	14	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	168	15	table	table	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	16	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	168	18	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	168	19	null	null	ADJ
ideas-7077	168	20	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	21	would	would	AUX
ideas-7077	168	22	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	168	23	rejected	reject	VERB
ideas-7077	168	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	168	25	meaning	mean	VERB
ideas-7077	168	26	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	168	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	28	method	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	29	did	do	AUX
ideas-7077	168	30	have	have	VERB
ideas-7077	168	31	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	168	32	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	168	33	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	168	34	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	169	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	169	2	t	t	PROPN
ideas-7077	169	3	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	169	4	test	test	NOUN
ideas-7077	169	5	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	169	6	provided	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	169	7	clear	clear	ADJ
ideas-7077	169	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ideas-7077	169	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	170	1	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	170	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	170	3	control	control	PROPN
ideas-7077	170	4	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	170	5	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	170	6	pretest	pretest	NOUN
ideas-7077	170	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	170	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	170	9	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	170	10	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	170	11	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	170	12	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	170	13	25.283	25.283	NUM
ideas-7077	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	170	15	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	170	16	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	170	17	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	170	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	170	19	0.000	0.000	NUM
ideas-7077	170	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	171	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	171	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	171	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	171	4	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	171	5	pretest	pretest	NOUN
ideas-7077	171	6	showed	show	VERB
ideas-7077	171	7	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	171	8	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	171	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	171	10	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	171	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	171	12	26.789	26.789	NUM
ideas-7077	171	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	171	14	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	171	15	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	171	16	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	171	17	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	171	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	171	19	0.000	0.000	NUM
ideas-7077	171	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	172	1	moving	move	VERB
ideas-7077	172	2	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	172	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	172	4	posttest	postt	ADJ
ideas-7077	172	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	172	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	172	7	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	8	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	9	recorded	record	VERB
ideas-7077	172	10	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	172	11	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	12	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	172	13	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	172	15	24.815	24.815	NUM
ideas-7077	172	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	172	17	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	172	18	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	172	19	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	172	20	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	21	reached	reach	VERB
ideas-7077	172	22	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	172	23	even	even	ADV
ideas-7077	172	24	higher	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	172	25	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	26	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	172	27	value	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	28	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	172	29	41.825	41.825	NUM
ideas-7077	172	30	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	172	31	both	both	CCONJ
ideas-7077	172	32	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	172	33	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	172	34	same	same	ADJ
ideas-7077	172	35	degrees	degree	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	36	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	172	37	freedom	freedom	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	38	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	172	39	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	40	levels	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	172	41	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	173	1	since	since	SCONJ
ideas-7077	173	2	all	all	DET
ideas-7077	173	3	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	4	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	5	were	be	AUX
ideas-7077	173	6	below	below	ADP
ideas-7077	173	7	0.05	0.05	NUM
ideas-7077	173	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	173	9	all	all	DET
ideas-7077	173	10	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	11	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	173	12	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	13	exceeded	exceed	VERB
ideas-7077	173	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	173	15	critical	critical	ADJ
ideas-7077	173	16	t	t	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	17	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	173	18	table	table	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	19	values	value	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	173	21	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	173	22	null	null	ADJ
ideas-7077	173	23	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	173	24	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	173	25	rejected	reject	VERB
ideas-7077	173	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	174	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	174	2	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ideas-7077	174	3	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	174	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	174	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	174	6	method	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	174	7	applied	apply	VERB
ideas-7077	174	8	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	174	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	174	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	174	11	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	174	12	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	174	13	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	174	14	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	174	15	positive	positive	ADJ
ideas-7077	174	16	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	174	17	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	174	18	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	174	19	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	174	20	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	174	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	175	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	175	3	findings	finding	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	175	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	175	6	present	present	ADJ
ideas-7077	175	7	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	8	highlight	highlight	VERB
ideas-7077	175	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	175	10	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	175	11	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	12	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	175	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	175	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	15	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	175	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	175	17	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	18	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	19	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	175	20	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	175	21	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	175	22	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	23	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	175	24	classes	class	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	25	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	175	26	that	that	ADV
ideas-7077	175	27	is	is	ADV
ideas-7077	175	28	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	175	29	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	175	30	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	31	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	175	32	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	175	33	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	175	34	bring	bring	VERB
ideas-7077	175	35	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	176	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	176	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	176	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	176	5	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	176	6	succeeded	succeed	VERB
ideas-7077	176	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	176	8	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	176	10	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	176	12	had	have	VERB
ideas-7077	176	13	its	its	PRON
ideas-7077	176	14	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	15	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	16	statistically	statistically	ADV
ideas-7077	176	17	elevated	elevate	VERB
ideas-7077	176	18	compared	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	176	19	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	176	20	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	176	21	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	22	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	23	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	176	24	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	176	25	continued	continue	VERB
ideas-7077	176	26	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ideas-7077	176	27	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	176	28	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	177	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	177	2	is	be	AUX
ideas-7077	177	3	proof	proof	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	177	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	177	6	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	7	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	177	8	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	9	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	177	10	enhanced	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	177	11	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	12	materials	material	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	13	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	177	14	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	15	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	177	16	especially	especially	ADV
ideas-7077	177	17	those	those	PRON
ideas-7077	177	18	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	177	19	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	177	20	features	feature	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	21	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
ideas-7077	177	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	177	23	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	177	24	improve	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	177	25	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	26	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	27	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	177	28	mastering	master	VERB
ideas-7077	177	29	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	177	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	178	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	178	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	178	3	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	178	4	's	's	PART
ideas-7077	178	5	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	178	6	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	178	7	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	178	8	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	178	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	178	10	improvements	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	178	11	align	align	VERB
ideas-7077	178	12	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	178	13	recent	recent	ADJ
ideas-7077	178	14	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	178	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	178	16	support	support	NOUN
ideas-7077	178	17	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	178	18	gamification	gamification	NOUN
ideas-7077	178	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	178	20	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	178	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	179	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	179	2	format	format	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	179	4	prompt	prompt	ADJ
ideas-7077	179	5	feedback	feedback	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	179	7	gladis	gladi	VERB
ideas-7077	179	8	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	179	9	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	179	11	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	179	12	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	179	13	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	179	14	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	15	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	179	16	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	17	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	179	18	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	179	19	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	179	20	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	21	3454	3454	NUM
ideas-7077	179	22	receiving	receive	VERB
ideas-7077	179	23	badges	badge	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	24	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	179	25	accomplishment	accomplishment	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	26	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	179	27	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	179	28	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	179	29	practice	practice	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	30	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	179	31	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	32	would	would	AUX
ideas-7077	179	33	probably	probably	ADV
ideas-7077	179	34	enhance	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	179	35	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	36	'	'	PART
ideas-7077	179	37	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	38	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	179	39	sustain	sustain	VERB
ideas-7077	179	40	attention	attention	NOUN
ideas-7077	179	41	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	180	1	these	these	DET
ideas-7077	180	2	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ideas-7077	180	3	could	could	AUX
ideas-7077	180	4	have	have	AUX
ideas-7077	180	5	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
ideas-7077	180	6	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	180	7	motivated	motivated	ADJ
ideas-7077	180	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	180	9	pleasurable	pleasurable	ADJ
ideas-7077	180	10	practice	practice	NOUN
ideas-7077	180	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	180	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	180	13	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	180	14	thus	thus	ADV
ideas-7077	180	15	better	well	ADJ
ideas-7077	180	16	retention	retention	NOUN
ideas-7077	180	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	180	18	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ideas-7077	180	19	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	180	20	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	180	21	components	component	NOUN
ideas-7077	180	22	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	181	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	181	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	181	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	181	5	decrease	decrease	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	6	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	181	7	post	post	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	8	-	-	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	9	test	test	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	10	standard	standard	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	11	deviation	deviation	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	12	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	181	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	181	14	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	15	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	16	hints	hint	VERB
ideas-7077	181	17	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	181	18	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	181	19	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	181	20	uniform	uniform	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	21	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	22	level	level	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	23	among	among	ADP
ideas-7077	181	24	participants	participant	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	25	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	181	26	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	181	27	just	just	ADV
ideas-7077	181	28	implying	imply	VERB
ideas-7077	181	29	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	30	but	but	CCONJ
ideas-7077	181	31	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	181	32	greater	great	ADJ
ideas-7077	181	33	fairness	fairness	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	34	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	181	35	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	181	36	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	182	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
ideas-7077	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	182	3	limited	limited	ADJ
ideas-7077	182	4	gain	gain	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	5	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	182	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	182	7	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	8	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	9	corroborates	corroborate	VERB
ideas-7077	182	10	concerns	concern	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	11	about	about	ADP
ideas-7077	182	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	182	13	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	14	within	within	ADP
ideas-7077	182	15	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	182	16	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	182	19	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	182	20	relies	rely	VERB
ideas-7077	182	21	heavily	heavily	ADV
ideas-7077	182	22	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	182	23	memorization	memorization	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	24	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	182	25	receptivity	receptivity	NOUN
ideas-7077	182	26	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	183	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	183	2	flat	flat	ADJ
ideas-7077	183	3	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	4	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	183	5	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	183	6	case	case	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	7	substantiates	substantiate	VERB
ideas-7077	183	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	183	9	need	need	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	10	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	183	11	implement	implement	VERB
ideas-7077	183	12	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	183	13	active	active	ADJ
ideas-7077	183	14	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	183	15	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	16	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	183	17	centered	center	VERB
ideas-7077	183	18	approaches	approach	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	183	20	especially	especially	ADV
ideas-7077	183	21	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	183	22	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	23	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	183	25	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	183	26	most	most	ADJ
ideas-7077	183	27	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	183	28	find	find	VERB
ideas-7077	183	29	challenging	challenging	ADJ
ideas-7077	183	30	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	183	31	boring	boring	ADJ
ideas-7077	183	32	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	184	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	184	2	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	184	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	184	4	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	184	5	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	184	6	are	be	AUX
ideas-7077	184	7	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ideas-7077	184	8	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	184	9	earlier	early	ADJ
ideas-7077	184	10	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	184	11	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	184	12	azhima	azhima	PROPN
ideas-7077	184	13	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	184	14	halim	halim	PROPN
ideas-7077	184	15	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	184	16	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	184	17	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	184	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	184	19	fatmawati	fatmawati	NOUN
ideas-7077	184	20	et	et	PROPN
ideas-7077	184	21	al	al	PROPN
ideas-7077	184	22	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	185	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	185	2	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	185	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	185	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	185	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	185	6	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	185	7	fadhilawati	fadhilawati	PROPN
ideas-7077	185	8	et	et	PROPN
ideas-7077	185	9	al	al	PROPN
ideas-7077	185	10	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	186	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	186	2	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	186	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	186	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	186	5	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	186	6	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	186	7	reported	report	VERB
ideas-7077	186	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	186	9	's	's	PART
ideas-7077	186	10	positive	positive	ADJ
ideas-7077	186	11	effects	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	186	12	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	186	13	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	186	14	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	186	15	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	186	16	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	186	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	187	1	aside	aside	ADV
ideas-7077	187	2	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	187	3	that	that	PRON
ideas-7077	187	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	187	5	while	while	SCONJ
ideas-7077	187	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	187	7	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	8	focuses	focus	VERB
ideas-7077	187	9	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	187	10	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	187	12	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	187	13	tracks	track	VERB
ideas-7077	187	14	trends	trend	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	187	16	digital	digital	ADJ
ideas-7077	187	17	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	18	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	19	more	more	ADV
ideas-7077	187	20	broadly	broadly	ADV
ideas-7077	187	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	187	22	as	as	SCONJ
ideas-7077	187	23	seen	see	VERB
ideas-7077	187	24	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	187	25	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	26	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	187	27	mediated	mediate	VERB
ideas-7077	187	28	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	29	explored	explore	VERB
ideas-7077	187	30	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	187	31	inayah	inayah	NOUN
ideas-7077	187	32	et	et	PROPN
ideas-7077	187	33	al	al	PROPN
ideas-7077	187	34	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	188	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	188	2	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	188	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	188	4	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	188	5	agustina	agustina	PROPN
ideas-7077	188	6	et	et	PROPN
ideas-7077	188	7	al	al	PROPN
ideas-7077	188	8	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	189	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	189	2	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	189	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	189	5	which	which	PRON
ideas-7077	189	6	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	189	7	center	center	VERB
ideas-7077	189	8	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	189	9	gamification	gamification	NOUN
ideas-7077	189	10	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	189	11	learner	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	189	12	agency	agency	NOUN
ideas-7077	189	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	190	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ideas-7077	190	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	190	3	positive	positive	ADJ
ideas-7077	190	4	effects	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	190	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	190	6	several	several	ADJ
ideas-7077	190	7	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ideas-7077	190	8	should	should	AUX
ideas-7077	190	9	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	190	10	mentioned	mention	VERB
ideas-7077	190	11	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	191	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	191	2	comparatively	comparatively	ADV
ideas-7077	191	3	short	short	ADJ
ideas-7077	191	4	duration	duration	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	5	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	191	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	191	7	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	8	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	191	9	four	four	NUM
ideas-7077	191	10	weeks	week	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	191	12	might	might	AUX
ideas-7077	191	13	not	not	PART
ideas-7077	191	14	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	191	15	representative	representative	ADJ
ideas-7077	191	16	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	191	17	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	191	18	long	long	ADJ
ideas-7077	191	19	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	191	20	term	term	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	21	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	22	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	191	23	time	time	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	24	spent	spend	VERB
ideas-7077	191	25	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	191	26	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	191	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	192	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	192	2	sample	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	192	3	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	192	4	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	192	5	taken	take	VERB
ideas-7077	192	6	from	from	ADP
ideas-7077	192	7	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	192	8	single	single	ADJ
ideas-7077	192	9	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	192	10	only	only	ADV
ideas-7077	192	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	192	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	192	13	thus	thus	ADV
ideas-7077	192	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	192	15	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	192	16	could	could	AUX
ideas-7077	192	17	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	192	18	less	less	ADV
ideas-7077	192	19	generalizable	generalizable	ADJ
ideas-7077	192	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	193	1	differences	difference	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	2	between	between	ADP
ideas-7077	193	3	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	4	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	193	6	initial	initial	ADJ
ideas-7077	193	7	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	8	exposure	exposure	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	193	10	or	or	CCONJ
ideas-7077	193	11	teaching	teach	VERB
ideas-7077	193	12	support	support	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	13	could	could	AUX
ideas-7077	193	14	also	also	ADV
ideas-7077	193	15	influence	influence	VERB
ideas-7077	193	16	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	17	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	193	18	should	should	AUX
ideas-7077	193	19	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	193	20	considered	consider	VERB
ideas-7077	193	21	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	193	22	future	future	ADJ
ideas-7077	193	23	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	193	24	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	194	1	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	194	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	194	4	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	194	5	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	6	suggests	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	194	7	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	194	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	9	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	194	10	serve	serve	VERB
ideas-7077	194	11	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	194	12	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	194	13	effective	effective	ADJ
ideas-7077	194	14	additional	additional	ADJ
ideas-7077	194	15	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	16	tool	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	17	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	194	18	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	194	19	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	194	20	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	21	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	22	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	194	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	195	1	it	it	PRON
ideas-7077	195	2	boosts	boost	VERB
ideas-7077	195	3	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	195	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	195	5	fits	fit	VERB
ideas-7077	195	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	195	7	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	195	8	speed	speed	NOUN
ideas-7077	195	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	195	10	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	195	11	provides	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	195	12	measurable	measurable	ADJ
ideas-7077	195	13	academic	academic	ADJ
ideas-7077	195	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	195	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	196	1	further	further	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	2	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	3	involving	involve	VERB
ideas-7077	196	4	higher	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	5	sample	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	6	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	196	8	intervention	intervention	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	9	time	time	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	10	would	would	AUX
ideas-7077	196	11	provide	provide	VERB
ideas-7077	196	12	further	further	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	13	views	view	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	14	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	196	15	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	16	's	's	PART
ideas-7077	196	17	long	long	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	18	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	196	19	term	term	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	20	educational	educational	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	21	significance	significance	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	22	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	196	23	possible	possible	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	24	integration	integration	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	25	modes	mode	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	26	within	within	ADP
ideas-7077	196	27	different	different	ADJ
ideas-7077	196	28	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	29	settings	setting	NOUN
ideas-7077	196	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	197	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	2	this	this	DET
ideas-7077	197	3	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	4	examined	examine	VERB
ideas-7077	197	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	197	6	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	197	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	197	9	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	10	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	11	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	197	12	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	197	13	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	14	achievements	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	15	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	197	16	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	197	17	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	197	18	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	19	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	197	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	198	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	198	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
ideas-7077	198	4	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	198	5	significant	significant	ADJ
ideas-7077	198	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	198	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	198	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	10	scores	score	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	11	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	198	12	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	13	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	198	14	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	198	15	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	198	16	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	198	18	who	who	PRON
ideas-7077	198	19	used	use	VERB
ideas-7077	198	20	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	198	22	compared	compare	VERB
ideas-7077	198	23	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	198	24	those	those	PRON
ideas-7077	198	25	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	198	26	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	198	27	control	control	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	28	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	29	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	198	30	who	who	PRON
ideas-7077	198	31	relied	rely	VERB
ideas-7077	198	32	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	198	33	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ideas-7077	198	34	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	35	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	198	36	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	199	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ideas-7077	199	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	3	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ideas-7077	199	4	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	199	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	199	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	199	8	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	199	9	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ideas-7077	199	10	group	group	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	11	was	be	AUX
ideas-7077	199	12	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ideas-7077	199	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	199	14	leading	lead	VERB
ideas-7077	199	15	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	199	16	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	199	17	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	199	19	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	199	20	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ideas-7077	199	21	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	22	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	199	23	ha	ha	INTJ
ideas-7077	199	24	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	199	25	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	199	26	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	199	27	rejection	rejection	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	28	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	199	29	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	199	30	null	null	ADJ
ideas-7077	199	31	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	199	32	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	199	33	h0	h0	PROPN
ideas-7077	199	34	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	199	35	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	200	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	200	2	results	result	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
ideas-7077	200	4	that	that	DET
ideas-7077	200	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	6	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	200	7	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	200	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	200	9	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	200	10	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	11	approach	approach	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	12	enhances	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	200	13	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	14	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	200	15	engagement	engagement	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	16	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	200	17	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	18	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	200	19	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	20	rules	rule	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	200	22	making	make	VERB
ideas-7077	200	23	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	200	24	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	25	experience	experience	NOUN
ideas-7077	200	26	both	both	CCONJ
ideas-7077	200	27	enjoyable	enjoyable	ADJ
ideas-7077	200	28	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	200	29	effective	effective	ADJ
ideas-7077	200	30	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	1	this	this	PRON
ideas-7077	201	2	supports	support	VERB
ideas-7077	201	3	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	201	4	notion	notion	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	5	that	that	SCONJ
ideas-7077	201	6	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	8	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	9	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	201	10	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	201	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	12	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	201	13	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	14	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	201	15	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	16	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	201	17	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	201	18	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	201	19	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	201	20	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	201	21	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	201	22	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	23	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	24	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	25	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	201	26	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	201	27	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	201	28	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	201	29	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	30	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	201	31	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	32	3455	3455	NUM
ideas-7077	201	33	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	34	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	201	35	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	201	36	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	37	tools	tool	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	38	can	can	AUX
ideas-7077	201	39	be	be	AUX
ideas-7077	201	40	valuable	valuable	ADJ
ideas-7077	201	41	supplements	supplement	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	42	to	to	ADP
ideas-7077	201	43	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ideas-7077	201	44	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	45	methods	method	NOUN
ideas-7077	201	46	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	202	1	however	however	ADV
ideas-7077	202	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	202	3	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	4	such	such	ADJ
ideas-7077	202	5	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	202	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	202	7	short	short	ADJ
ideas-7077	202	8	duration	duration	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	202	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	202	11	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	202	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	202	14	lack	lack	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	15	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	202	16	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	17	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	202	18	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	202	19	sample	sample	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	20	suggest	suggest	VERB
ideas-7077	202	21	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	202	22	need	need	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	23	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	202	24	further	further	ADJ
ideas-7077	202	25	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	26	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	202	27	explore	explore	VERB
ideas-7077	202	28	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	202	29	long	long	ADJ
ideas-7077	202	30	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	202	31	term	term	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	32	effects	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	33	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	202	34	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	35	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	202	36	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	37	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	202	38	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	1	references	reference	NOUN
ideas-7077	203	2	agustina	agustina	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	4	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	6	andanty	andanty	PRON
ideas-7077	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	8	f.	f.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	9	d.	d.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	11	setiawan	setiawan	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	13	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	15	susanto	susanto	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	17	f.	f.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	18	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	19	soelistijowati	soelistijowati	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	21	j.	j.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	22	o.	o.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	23	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	24	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	203	25	putri	putri	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	26	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	27	n.	n.	NOUN
ideas-7077	203	28	t.	t.	PROPN
ideas-7077	203	29	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	30	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	203	31	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	203	32	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	204	1	peranan	peranan	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	2	game	game	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	3	untuk	untuk	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	4	pengajaran	pengajaran	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	5	kosakata	kosakata	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	6	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	7	inggris	inggris	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	8	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	204	9	sebuah	sebuah	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	10	penguatan	penguatan	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	11	literasi	literasi	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	12	bagi	bagi	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	13	guru	guru	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	14	sekolah	sekolah	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	15	dasar	dasar	PROPN
ideas-7077	204	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	205	1	4(1	4(1	NOUN
ideas-7077	205	2	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	205	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	206	1	32–37	32–37	NUM
ideas-7077	206	2	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	206	3	ajisoko	ajisoko	NOUN
ideas-7077	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	206	5	p.	p.	NOUN
ideas-7077	206	6	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	206	7	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	206	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	206	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	207	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	207	2	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	207	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	207	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	207	5	apps	app	NOUN
ideas-7077	207	6	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	207	7	improve	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	207	8	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	207	9	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	207	10	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	207	11	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	208	1	international	international	ADJ
ideas-7077	208	2	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	208	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	208	4	emerging	emerge	VERB
ideas-7077	208	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	208	6	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	208	7	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	208	9	15(7	15(7	NUM
ideas-7077	208	10	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	208	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	208	12	149–155	149–155	NUM
ideas-7077	208	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	209	1	https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i07.13229	https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i07.13229	PROPN
ideas-7077	209	2	azhima	azhima	PROPN
ideas-7077	209	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	209	4	f.	f.	PROPN
ideas-7077	209	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	209	6	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	209	7	halim	halim	PROPN
ideas-7077	209	8	*	*	PROPN
ideas-7077	209	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	209	10	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	209	11	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	209	12	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	209	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	209	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	210	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	210	2	integration	integration	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	210	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	5	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	210	6	classroom	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	7	setting	set	VERB
ideas-7077	210	8	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	210	9	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	210	10	case	case	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	11	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	12	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	210	13	its	its	PRON
ideas-7077	210	14	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	15	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	210	16	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	210	17	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	18	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	210	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	211	1	riwayat	riwayat	NOUN
ideas-7077	211	2	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	211	3	educational	educational	ADJ
ideas-7077	211	4	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	211	5	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	211	6	history	history	NOUN
ideas-7077	211	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	211	8	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ideas-7077	211	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	211	10	7(3	7(3	NUM
ideas-7077	211	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	211	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	211	13	877–890	877–890	NUM
ideas-7077	211	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	212	1	https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v7i3.39326	https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v7i3.39326	NOUN
ideas-7077	212	2	bella	bella	PROPN
ideas-7077	212	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	212	4	y.	y.	PROPN
ideas-7077	212	5	d.	d.	PROPN
ideas-7077	212	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	212	7	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	212	8	rahayu	rahayu	PROPN
ideas-7077	212	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	212	10	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	212	11	m.	m.	PROPN
ideas-7077	212	12	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	212	13	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	212	14	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	212	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	213	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	213	2	improving	improving	NOUN
ideas-7077	213	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	213	4	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	213	5	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	213	6	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	213	7	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ideas-7077	213	8	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	213	9	through	through	ADP
ideas-7077	213	10	crossword	crossword	ADJ
ideas-7077	213	11	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	213	12	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	213	13	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	213	14	new	new	ADJ
ideas-7077	213	15	normal	normal	ADJ
ideas-7077	213	16	era	era	NOUN
ideas-7077	213	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	214	1	edunesia	edunesia	PROPN
ideas-7077	214	2	 	 	SPACE
ideas-7077	214	3	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	214	4	jurnal	jurnal	ADJ
ideas-7077	214	5	ilmiah	ilmiah	PROPN
ideas-7077	214	6	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	214	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	214	8	4(2	4(2	NUM
ideas-7077	214	9	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	214	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	214	11	830–842	830–842	NUM
ideas-7077	214	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	215	1	https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v4i2.433	https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v4i2.433	PROPN
ideas-7077	215	2	budiani	budiani	PROPN
ideas-7077	215	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	215	4	i.	i.	PROPN
ideas-7077	215	5	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	215	6	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	215	7	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	215	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	216	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	216	2	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	216	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	5	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	216	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	216	7	writing	writing	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	8	competency	competency	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	9	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	216	10	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	216	11	tenth	tenth	ADJ
ideas-7077	216	12	grade	grade	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	13	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	216	15	smk	smk	PROPN
ideas-7077	216	16	n	n	CCONJ
ideas-7077	216	17	1	1	NUM
ideas-7077	216	18	sukasada	sukasada	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	19	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	216	20	academic	academic	ADJ
ideas-7077	216	21	year	year	NOUN
ideas-7077	216	22	2017/2018	2017/2018	NUM
ideas-7077	216	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	217	1	jurnal	jurnal	ADJ
ideas-7077	217	2	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	217	3	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
ideas-7077	217	4	inggris	inggris	PROPN
ideas-7077	217	5	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ideas-7077	217	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	217	7	8(1	8(1	NOUN
ideas-7077	217	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	217	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	217	10	21–30	21–30	NUM
ideas-7077	217	11	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	218	1	https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v8i1.3155	https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v8i1.3155	NOUN
ideas-7077	218	2	bussricharoen	bussricharoen	NOUN
ideas-7077	218	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	218	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	218	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	218	6	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	218	7	anchunda	anchunda	PROPN
ideas-7077	218	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	218	9	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	218	10	y.	y.	PROPN
ideas-7077	218	11	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	218	12	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	218	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	218	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	219	1	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	219	2	development	development	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	219	4	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	5	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	6	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	219	7	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	219	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	9	exercises	exercise	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	10	with	with	ADP
ideas-7077	219	11	macro	macro	ADJ
ideas-7077	219	12	model	model	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	13	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	219	14	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	219	15	grade	grade	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	16	8	8	NUM
ideas-7077	219	17	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	219	18	thungphothalepittaya	thungphothalepittaya	PROPN
ideas-7077	219	19	school	school	PROPN
ideas-7077	219	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	220	1	chaikovska	chaikovska	PROPN
ideas-7077	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	220	3	o.	o.	PROPN
ideas-7077	220	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	220	5	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	220	6	zbaravska	zbaravska	PROPN
ideas-7077	220	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	220	8	l.	l.	PROPN
ideas-7077	220	9	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	220	10	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	220	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	220	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	221	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	221	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	221	4	quizlet	quizlet	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	5	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	221	6	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	221	7	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	221	8	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	9	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	10	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	221	11	preparing	prepare	VERB
ideas-7077	221	12	undergraduates	undergraduate	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	13	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	221	14	state	state	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	15	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	221	16	exam	exam	NOUN
ideas-7077	221	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	222	1	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ideas-7077	222	2	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	222	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	222	4	7(14	7(14	NUM
ideas-7077	222	5	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	222	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	222	7	84–90	84–90	NUM
ideas-7077	222	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	223	1	https://doi.org/10.20535/24108286.197808	https://doi.org/10.20535/24108286.197808	NOUN
ideas-7077	223	2	curtin	curtin	PROPN
ideas-7077	223	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	223	4	d.	d.	PROPN
ideas-7077	223	5	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	223	6	2021	2021	NUM
ideas-7077	223	7	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	223	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	224	1	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	224	2	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ideas-7077	224	3	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	224	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	224	5	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	224	6	modern	modern	ADJ
ideas-7077	224	7	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	224	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	224	9	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	224	10	example	example	NOUN
ideas-7077	224	11	andrew	andrew	PROPN
ideas-7077	224	12	rossiter	rossiter	PROPN
ideas-7077	224	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	225	1	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	225	2	australia	australia	PROPN
ideas-7077	225	3	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	225	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	225	5	37(1	37(1	NUM
ideas-7077	225	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	225	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	225	8	107–110	107–110	NUM
ideas-7077	225	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	226	1	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	226	2	fadhilawati	fadhilawati	PROPN
ideas-7077	226	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	226	4	moh	moh	PROPN
ideas-7077	226	5	mansur	mansur	PROPN
ideas-7077	226	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	226	7	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	226	8	suyitno	suyitno	PROPN
ideas-7077	226	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	227	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	227	2	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	227	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	227	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	228	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	228	2	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ideas-7077	228	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	228	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	228	5	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	228	6	boost	boost	VERB
ideas-7077	228	7	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	228	8	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	228	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	228	10	mastery	mastery	NOUN
ideas-7077	228	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	228	12	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	228	13	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	228	14	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	228	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	229	1	jares	jare	NOUN
ideas-7077	229	2	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	229	3	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	229	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	229	5	academic	academic	ADJ
ideas-7077	229	6	research	research	NOUN
ideas-7077	229	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	229	8	sciences	science	NOUN
ideas-7077	229	9	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	229	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	229	11	8(2	8(2	NUM
ideas-7077	229	12	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	229	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	229	14	37–52	37–52	NUM
ideas-7077	229	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	1	https://doi.org/10.35457/jares.v8i2.3034	https://doi.org/10.35457/jares.v8i2.3034	PROPN
ideas-7077	230	2	fatmawati	fatmawati	NOUN
ideas-7077	230	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	4	i.	i.	PROPN
ideas-7077	230	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	6	sudirman	sudirman	PROPN
ideas-7077	230	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	8	a.	a.	PROPN
ideas-7077	230	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	10	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	230	11	munawaroh	munawaroh	NOUN
ideas-7077	230	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	13	t.	t.	NOUN
ideas-7077	230	14	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	15	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	230	16	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	230	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	231	1	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	231	3	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	231	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	5	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	6	towards	towards	ADP
ideas-7077	231	7	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	8	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	231	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	10	mastery	mastery	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	231	12	simple	simple	ADJ
ideas-7077	231	13	present	present	ADJ
ideas-7077	231	14	tense	tense	NOUN
ideas-7077	231	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	232	1	jepal	jepal	NOUN
ideas-7077	232	2	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	232	3	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	232	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	232	5	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	232	6	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
ideas-7077	232	7	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	232	8	applied	apply	VERB
ideas-7077	232	9	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	232	10	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	232	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	232	12	3(2	3(2	NUM
ideas-7077	232	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	232	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	232	15	77–85	77–85	NUM
ideas-7077	232	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	233	1	https://doi.org/10.32627/jepal.v3i2.576	https://doi.org/10.32627/jepal.v3i2.576	PROPN
ideas-7077	233	2	fitria	fitria	PROPN
ideas-7077	233	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	233	4	t.	t.	PROPN
ideas-7077	233	5	n.	n.	PROPN
ideas-7077	233	6	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	233	7	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	233	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	233	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	234	1	anaphora	anaphora	PROPN
ideas-7077	234	2	 	 	SPACE
ideas-7077	234	3	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	234	4	nonefl	nonefl	PROPN
ideas-7077	234	5	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	6	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	234	7	perception	perception	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	8	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	234	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	10	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	234	11	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	234	12	gladis	gladi	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	13	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	234	14	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	15	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	234	16	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	234	17	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	234	18	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	234	19	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	20	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	234	21	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	22	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	234	23	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	234	24	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	234	25	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	26	3456	3456	NUM
ideas-7077	234	27	ability	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	28	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	234	29	understanding	understand	VERB
ideas-7077	234	30	basic	basic	ADJ
ideas-7077	234	31	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	234	32	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	235	1	06(01	06(01	NUM
ideas-7077	235	2	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	235	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	235	4	75–89	75–89	NUM
ideas-7077	235	5	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	235	6	halimi.m	halimi.m	PROPN
ideas-7077	235	7	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	236	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	236	2	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	236	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	236	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	237	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	237	2	infliuence	infliuence	NOUN
ideas-7077	237	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	237	4	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	237	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	237	6	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	237	7	apllication	apllication	NOUN
ideas-7077	237	8	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	237	9	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	237	10	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	237	11	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	237	12	writing	write	VERB
ideas-7077	237	13	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	237	14	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	237	15	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	237	16	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
ideas-7077	237	17	graders	grader	NOUN
ideas-7077	237	18	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	237	19	smk	smk	PROPN
ideas-7077	237	20	muhammadiyah	muhammadiyah	PROPN
ideas-7077	237	21	sekampung	sekampung	PROPN
ideas-7077	237	22	lampung	lampung	PROPN
ideas-7077	237	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	238	1	kaos	kaos	PROPN
ideas-7077	238	2	gl	gl	PROPN
ideas-7077	238	3	dergisi	dergisi	PROPN
ideas-7077	238	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	238	5	8(75	8(75	NUM
ideas-7077	238	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	238	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	238	8	147–154	147–154	NUM
ideas-7077	238	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125798%0ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.s	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125798%0ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.s	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	2	mr.2020.02.002%0ahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov	mr.2020.02.002%0ahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	3	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	239	4	pubmed/810049%0ahtt	pubmed/810049%0ahtt	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	5	p://doi.wiley.com/10.1002	p://doi.wiley.com/10.1002	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	6	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	239	7	anie.197505391%0ahttp://www.sciencedirect	anie.197505391%0ahttp://www.sciencedirect	ADJ
ideas-7077	239	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	9	com	com	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	10	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	239	11	science	science	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	12	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	239	13	article	article	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	14	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	239	15	pii	pii	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	16	/	/	SYM
ideas-7077	239	17	b9780857090409500205%0ahttp	b9780857090409500205%0ahttp	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	18	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	19	haristiani	haristiani	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	20	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	21	n.	n.	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	23	danuwijaya	danuwijaya	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	25	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	26	a.	a.	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	27	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	28	rifai	rifai	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	29	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	30	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	31	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	239	32	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	33	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	239	34	sarila	sarila	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	35	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	36	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	239	37	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	38	2019	2019	NUM
ideas-7077	239	39	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	239	40	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	240	1	gengobot	gengobot	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	2	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	240	3	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	240	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	5	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	240	6	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	240	7	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	8	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	9	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	240	10	mobile	mobile	ADJ
ideas-7077	240	11	instant	instant	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	12	messaging	messaging	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	13	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	240	14	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	15	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	240	16	medium	medium	NOUN
ideas-7077	240	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	241	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	241	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	241	3	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ideas-7077	241	4	science	science	NOUN
ideas-7077	241	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	241	6	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	241	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	241	8	14(6	14(6	NOUN
ideas-7077	241	9	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	241	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	241	11	3158	3158	NUM
ideas-7077	241	12	–	–	PUNCT
ideas-7077	241	13	3173	3173	NUM
ideas-7077	241	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	242	1	herni	herni	PROPN
ideas-7077	242	2	sri	sri	PROPN
ideas-7077	242	3	wulandari	wulandari	PROPN
ideas-7077	242	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	242	5	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	242	6	halim	halim	PROPN
ideas-7077	242	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	242	8	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	242	9	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	242	10	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	242	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	242	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	243	1	gamified	gamifie	VERB
ideas-7077	243	2	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	3	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	243	4	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
ideas-7077	243	5	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	243	6	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	243	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	9	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	243	10	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	11	retention	retention	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	243	13	academic	academic	ADJ
ideas-7077	243	14	performance	performance	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	15	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	243	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ideas-7077	243	17	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	18	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	243	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	244	1	borneo	borneo	PROPN
ideas-7077	244	2	educational	educational	PROPN
ideas-7077	244	3	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	244	4	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	244	5	borju	borju	PROPN
ideas-7077	244	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	244	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	244	8	6(2	6(2	NUM
ideas-7077	244	9	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	244	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	244	11	160–179	160–179	NUM
ideas-7077	244	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	1	https://doi.org/10.24903/bej.v6i2.1724	https://doi.org/10.24903/bej.v6i2.1724	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	2	ismayanti	ismayanti	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	4	d.	d.	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	6	said	say	VERB
ideas-7077	245	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	8	y.	y.	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	9	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	11	usman	usman	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	13	n.	n.	NOUN
ideas-7077	245	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	15	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	245	16	nur	nur	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	18	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	245	19	i.	i.	PROPN
ideas-7077	245	20	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	21	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	245	22	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	245	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	246	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	246	2	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	246	3	ability	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	246	4	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	246	5	translating	translate	VERB
ideas-7077	246	6	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN
ideas-7077	246	7	headlines	headline	NOUN
ideas-7077	246	8	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	246	9	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	246	10	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	246	11	case	case	NOUN
ideas-7077	246	12	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	246	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	247	1	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	2	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	247	3	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	4	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	247	5	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	247	6	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	247	9	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	247	11	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	247	13	literature	literature	NOUN
ideas-7077	247	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	247	15	12(1	12(1	NUM
ideas-7077	247	16	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	247	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	247	18	108	108	NUM
ideas-7077	247	19	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	247	20	131	131	NUM
ideas-7077	247	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	1	inayah	inayah	PROPN
ideas-7077	248	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	3	k.	k.	PROPN
ideas-7077	248	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	5	aziz	aziz	PROPN
ideas-7077	248	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	7	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	248	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	9	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	248	10	agustina	agustina	PROPN
ideas-7077	248	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	12	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	248	13	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	14	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	248	15	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	248	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	249	1	dacotu	dacotu	PROPN
ideas-7077	249	2	tiktok	tiktok	PROPN
ideas-7077	249	3	account	account	NOUN
ideas-7077	249	4	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	249	5	master	master	VERB
ideas-7077	249	6	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	249	7	 	 	SPACE
ideas-7077	249	8	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	249	9	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	249	10	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	249	11	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	249	12	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ideas-7077	249	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	1	177–192	177–192	NUM
ideas-7077	250	2	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	3	indrasari	indrasari	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	5	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	6	a.	a.	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	8	prasetyo	prasetyo	NOUN
ideas-7077	250	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	10	y.	y.	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	12	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	250	13	putranto	putranto	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	15	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	16	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	250	17	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	18	2024	2024	NUM
ideas-7077	250	19	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	250	20	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	251	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	251	2	unlocking	unlock	VERB
ideas-7077	251	3	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	251	4	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ideas-7077	251	5	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	251	6	exploring	explore	VERB
ideas-7077	251	7	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	251	8	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	251	9	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	251	10	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	251	11	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ideas-7077	251	12	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	251	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	252	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	252	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	252	3	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	252	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	252	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	252	6	literature	literature	NOUN
ideas-7077	252	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	252	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	252	9	applied	applied	ADJ
ideas-7077	252	10	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	252	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	252	12	8(1	8(1	NOUN
ideas-7077	252	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	252	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	252	15	75	75	NUM
ideas-7077	252	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	1	https://doi.org/10.30587/jetlal.v8i1.6811	https://doi.org/10.30587/jetlal.v8i1.6811	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	2	khalilian	khalilian	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	4	b.	b.	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	6	hosseini	hosseini	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	8	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	10	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	253	11	ghabanchi	ghabanchi	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	13	z.	z.	PROPN
ideas-7077	253	14	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	15	2021	2021	NUM
ideas-7077	253	16	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	253	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	254	1	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	254	2	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	254	3	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	4	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	254	5	employing	employ	VERB
ideas-7077	254	6	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	254	7	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	254	8	kahoot	kahoot	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	9	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	10	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	254	11	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	254	12	app	app	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	13	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	254	14	iranian	iranian	PROPN
ideas-7077	254	15	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	254	16	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	17	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	254	18	structural	structural	ADJ
ideas-7077	254	19	ability	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	20	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	254	21	their	their	PRON
ideas-7077	254	22	motivation	motivation	NOUN
ideas-7077	254	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	255	1	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	255	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	255	3	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	255	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	255	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	255	6	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	255	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	255	8	11(2	11(2	NOUN
ideas-7077	255	9	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	255	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	255	11	42	42	NUM
ideas-7077	255	12	–	–	SYM
ideas-7077	255	13	60	60	NUM
ideas-7077	255	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	1	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	3	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	256	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	5	study	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	256	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	7	t.	t.	PROPN
ideas-7077	256	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	9	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	256	10	malang	malang	PROPN
ideas-7077	256	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	12	u.	u.	PROPN
ideas-7077	256	13	i.	i.	PROPN
ideas-7077	256	14	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	15	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	256	16	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	256	17	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	257	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	257	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	257	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	257	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	257	5	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	257	6	improving	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	257	7	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	257	8	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	257	9	speaking	speak	VERB
ideas-7077	257	10	skill	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	257	11	at	at	ADP
ideas-7077	257	12	madrasah	madrasah	PROPN
ideas-7077	257	13	aliyah	aliyah	PROPN
ideas-7077	257	14	bilingual	bilingual	PROPN
ideas-7077	257	15	batu	batu	PROPN
ideas-7077	257	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	258	1	masruddin	masruddin	PROPN
ideas-7077	258	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	258	3	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	258	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	258	5	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	258	6	nasriandi	nasriandi	NOUN
ideas-7077	258	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	258	8	n.	n.	NOUN
ideas-7077	258	9	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	258	10	2022	2022	NUM
ideas-7077	258	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	258	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	259	1	lexical	lexical	ADJ
ideas-7077	259	2	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	259	3	syntactical	syntactical	ADJ
ideas-7077	259	4	errors	error	NOUN
ideas-7077	259	5	performed	perform	VERB
ideas-7077	259	6	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	259	7	junior	junior	ADJ
ideas-7077	259	8	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	259	9	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	259	10	student	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	259	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	259	12	writing	write	VERB
ideas-7077	259	13	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ideas-7077	259	14	text	text	NOUN
ideas-7077	259	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	260	1	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	2	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	260	3	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	4	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	260	5	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	260	6	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	8	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	260	9	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	260	11	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	12	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	260	13	literature	literature	NOUN
ideas-7077	260	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	260	15	10(1	10(1	NUM
ideas-7077	260	16	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	260	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	260	18	1094	1094	NUM
ideas-7077	260	19	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	260	20	1100	1100	NUM
ideas-7077	260	21	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	261	1	muddin	muddin	PROPN
ideas-7077	261	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	261	3	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	261	4	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	261	5	2018	2018	NUM
ideas-7077	261	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	261	7	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	262	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	262	2	use	use	NOUN
ideas-7077	262	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	262	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	262	5	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	262	6	improve	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	262	7	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	262	8	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	262	9	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	262	10	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	263	1	thesis	thesis	NOUN
ideas-7077	263	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	263	3	231324418	231324418	NUM
ideas-7077	263	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	263	5	1–81	1–81	NUM
ideas-7077	263	6	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	264	1	https://repository.ar-raniry.ac.id/4114/1/addal	https://repository.ar-raniry.ac.id/4114/1/addal	ADJ
ideas-7077	264	2	muddin.pdf	muddin.pdf	NOUN
ideas-7077	264	3	mulyani	mulyani	NOUN
ideas-7077	264	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	264	5	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	264	6	s.	s.	PROPN
ideas-7077	264	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	264	8	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	264	9	suryadi	suryadi	PROPN
ideas-7077	264	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	264	11	s.	s.	PROPN
ideas-7077	264	12	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	264	13	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	264	14	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	264	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	265	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	265	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	265	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	265	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	265	5	technology	technology	NOUN
ideas-7077	265	6	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	265	7	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	265	8	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	265	9	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	265	10	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	265	11	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	265	12	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	265	13	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ideas-7077	265	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	266	1	tell	tell	VERB
ideas-7077	266	2	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	266	3	us	us	PROPN
ideas-7077	266	4	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	266	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	266	6	9(4	9(4	NUM
ideas-7077	266	7	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	266	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	267	1	https://doi.org/10.22202/tus.2023.v9i4.7628	https://doi.org/10.22202/tus.2023.v9i4.7628	X
ideas-7077	268	1	niah	niah	PROPN
ideas-7077	268	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	268	3	s.	s.	PROPN
ideas-7077	268	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	268	5	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	268	6	pahmi	pahmi	PROPN
ideas-7077	268	7	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	269	1	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	269	2	2019	2019	NUM
ideas-7077	269	3	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	269	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	270	2	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	270	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	5	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	270	6	improve	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	270	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	270	8	speaking	speaking	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	9	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	270	10	ideas	idea	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	12	vol	vol	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	13	.	.	PROPN
ideas-7077	270	14	13	13	NUM
ideas-7077	270	15	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	16	no	no	INTJ
ideas-7077	270	17	.	.	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	18	2	2	NUM
ideas-7077	270	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	20	december	december	PROPN
ideas-7077	270	21	2025	2025	NUM
ideas-7077	270	22	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	270	23	2338	2338	NUM
ideas-7077	270	24	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	270	25	4778	4778	NUM
ideas-7077	270	26	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	27	print	print	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	28	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	29	issn	issn	VERB
ideas-7077	270	30	2548	2548	NUM
ideas-7077	270	31	-	-	SYM
ideas-7077	270	32	4192	4192	NUM
ideas-7077	270	33	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	34	online	online	ADJ
ideas-7077	270	35	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	270	36	3457	3457	NUM
ideas-7077	270	37	listening	listening	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	38	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	39	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	270	40	junior	junior	ADJ
ideas-7077	270	41	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	270	42	school	school	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	43	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	270	44	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	270	45	pekanbaru	pekanbaru	PROPN
ideas-7077	270	46	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	271	1	373	373	NUM
ideas-7077	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	271	3	54–59	54–59	NUM
ideas-7077	271	4	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	272	1	https://doi.org/10.2991/iccelst-ss-19.2019.12	https://doi.org/10.2991/iccelst-ss-19.2019.12	NOUN
ideas-7077	272	2	nurbani	nurbani	NOUN
ideas-7077	272	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	272	4	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	272	5	n.	n.	NOUN
ideas-7077	272	6	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	272	7	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	272	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	272	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	273	1	adapting	adapt	VERB
ideas-7077	273	2	chess	chess	NOUN
ideas-7077	273	3	game	game	NOUN
ideas-7077	273	4	into	into	ADP
ideas-7077	273	5	physical	physical	ADJ
ideas-7077	273	6	activity	activity	NOUN
ideas-7077	273	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	273	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	273	9	speaking	speak	VERB
ideas-7077	273	10	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	273	11	efl	efl	PROPN
ideas-7077	273	12	learners	learner	NOUN
ideas-7077	273	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	1	jet	jet	NOUN
ideas-7077	274	2	adi	adi	PROPN
ideas-7077	274	3	buana	buana	PROPN
ideas-7077	274	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	5	5(02	5(02	NUM
ideas-7077	274	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	8	163–174	163–174	NUM
ideas-7077	274	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	10	https://doi.org/10.36456/jet.v5.n02.2020.2586	https://doi.org/10.36456/jet.v5.n02.2020.2586	PROPN
ideas-7077	274	11	nurhalyza	nurhalyza	PROPN
ideas-7077	274	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	13	a.	a.	PROPN
ideas-7077	274	14	l.	l.	PROPN
ideas-7077	274	15	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	16	2024b	2024b	NUM
ideas-7077	274	17	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	274	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	275	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	275	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ideas-7077	275	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	275	4	quizizz	quizizz	NOUN
ideas-7077	275	5	to	to	PART
ideas-7077	275	6	enhance	enhance	VERB
ideas-7077	275	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	275	8	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
ideas-7077	275	9	ability	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	275	10	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	275	11	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	275	12	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
ideas-7077	275	13	graders	grader	NOUN
ideas-7077	275	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	276	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	276	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	276	3	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	276	4	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	276	5	academic	academic	ADJ
ideas-7077	276	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	276	7	specific	specific	ADJ
ideas-7077	276	8	purposes	purpose	NOUN
ideas-7077	276	9	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	276	10	jeasp	jeasp	NOUN
ideas-7077	276	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	276	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	276	13	7(1	7(1	NUM
ideas-7077	276	14	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	276	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	1	https://doi.org/10.18860/jeasp.v7i1.26664	https://doi.org/10.18860/jeasp.v7i1.26664	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	2	paputungan	paputungan	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	4	f.	f.	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	5	m.	m.	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	7	helingo	helingo	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	9	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	277	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	11	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	277	12	yulinda	yulinda	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	13	rahmah	rahmah	PROPN
ideas-7077	277	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	15	i.	i.	NOUN
ideas-7077	277	16	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	17	2022	2022	NUM
ideas-7077	277	18	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	277	19	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	278	1	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	278	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ideas-7077	278	3	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	278	4	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	278	5	’	’	PART
ideas-7077	278	6	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
ideas-7077	278	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	278	8	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ideas-7077	278	9	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	278	10	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	278	11	course	course	NOUN
ideas-7077	278	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	279	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	279	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	279	3	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	279	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	279	5	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	279	6	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ideas-7077	279	7	issues	issue	NOUN
ideas-7077	279	8	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	279	9	jetli	jetli	PROPN
ideas-7077	279	10	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	279	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	279	12	1(1	1(1	NUM
ideas-7077	279	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	279	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	279	15	10–17	10–17	NUM
ideas-7077	279	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	280	1	https://doi.org/10.58194/jetli.v1i1.59	https://doi.org/10.58194/jetli.v1i1.59	PROPN
ideas-7077	280	2	pingki	pingki	PROPN
ideas-7077	280	3	youlanda1	youlanda1	PROPN
ideas-7077	280	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	280	5	w.	w.	PROPN
ideas-7077	280	6	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	280	7	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	280	8	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	280	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	281	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	281	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	281	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	281	4	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	281	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	281	6	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	281	7	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	281	8	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	281	9	`	`	PART
ideas-7077	281	10	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	281	11	ability	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	281	12	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	281	13	english.pdf	english.pdf	PROPN
ideas-7077	281	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	1	prasetyani	prasetyani	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	3	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	4	a.	a.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	6	ardini	ardini	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	8	s.	s.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	9	n.	n.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	11	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	282	12	s.	s.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	13	s	s	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	15	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	16	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	17	f.	f.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	18	h.	h.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	19	k.	k.	PROPN
ideas-7077	282	20	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	21	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	282	22	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	282	23	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	283	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	283	2	effect	effect	NOUN
ideas-7077	283	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	283	4	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	283	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	283	6	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	283	7	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	283	8	mobile	mobile	ADJ
ideas-7077	283	9	assisted	assist	VERB
ideas-7077	283	10	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	283	11	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	283	12	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	283	13	coastal	coastal	ADJ
ideas-7077	283	14	areas	area	NOUN
ideas-7077	283	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	284	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	284	2	3rd	3rd	ADJ
ideas-7077	284	3	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
ideas-7077	284	4	conference	conference	NOUN
ideas-7077	284	5	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	284	6	applied	applied	ADJ
ideas-7077	284	7	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	284	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	284	9	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
ideas-7077	284	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	284	11	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	284	12	literature	literature	NOUN
ideas-7077	284	13	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	284	14	3(1	3(1	NUM
ideas-7077	284	15	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	284	16	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	284	17	96–107	96–107	PROPN
ideas-7077	284	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	285	1	rahayu	rahayu	PROPN
ideas-7077	285	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	285	3	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	285	4	m.	m.	PROPN
ideas-7077	285	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	285	6	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	285	7	bandjarjani	bandjarjani	PROPN
ideas-7077	285	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	285	9	w.	w.	NOUN
ideas-7077	285	10	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	285	11	2021	2021	NUM
ideas-7077	285	12	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	285	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	286	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	286	3	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
ideas-7077	286	4	higher	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	286	5	education	education	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	6	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	7	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	286	8	critical	critical	ADJ
ideas-7077	286	9	thinking	thinking	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	10	based	base	VERB
ideas-7077	286	11	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	286	12	merrill	merrill	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	13	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	286	14	first	first	ADJ
ideas-7077	286	15	principles	principle	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	16	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	286	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
ideas-7077	286	18	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	287	1	jpi	jpi	NOUN
ideas-7077	287	2	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	287	3	jurnal	jurnal	ADJ
ideas-7077	287	4	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	287	5	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ideas-7077	287	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	287	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	287	8	10(4	10(4	NUM
ideas-7077	287	9	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	287	10	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	287	11	732–741	732–741	NUM
ideas-7077	287	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	288	1	https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v10i4.30863	https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v10i4.30863	PROPN
ideas-7077	288	2	rahayu	rahayu	PROPN
ideas-7077	288	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	288	4	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	288	5	m.	m.	PROPN
ideas-7077	288	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	288	7	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	288	8	bhaskoro	bhaskoro	PROPN
ideas-7077	288	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	288	10	p.	p.	NOUN
ideas-7077	288	11	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	288	12	2022	2022	NUM
ideas-7077	288	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	288	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	289	1	interactive	interactive	ADJ
ideas-7077	289	2	media	medium	NOUN
ideas-7077	289	3	edpuzzle	edpuzzle	NOUN
ideas-7077	289	4	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	289	5	its	its	PRON
ideas-7077	289	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ideas-7077	289	7	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	289	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	289	9	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	289	10	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	289	11	new	new	ADJ
ideas-7077	289	12	normal	normal	ADJ
ideas-7077	289	13	era	era	NOUN
ideas-7077	289	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	1	jo	jo	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	2	-	-	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	3	elt	elt	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	4	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	5	journal	journal	NOUN
ideas-7077	290	6	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	290	7	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	8	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	290	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	290	10	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	11	fakultas	fakulta	VERB
ideas-7077	290	12	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	13	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	14	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	290	15	seni	seni	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	16	prodi	prodi	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	17	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	18	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	19	inggris	inggris	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	20	ikip	ikip	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	22	9(1	9(1	NUM
ideas-7077	290	23	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	25	1	1	X
ideas-7077	290	26	.	.	X
ideas-7077	290	27	https://doi.org/10.33394/joelt.v9i1.4425	https://doi.org/10.33394/joelt.v9i1.4425	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	28	redjeki	redjeki	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	29	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	30	i.	i.	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	31	s.	s.	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	32	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	33	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	290	34	muhajir	muhajir	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	35	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	36	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	290	37	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	38	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	290	39	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	290	40	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	291	1	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	291	2	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	291	3	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	291	4	learning	learning	NOUN
ideas-7077	291	5	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	292	1	prosiding	proside	VERB
ideas-7077	292	2	lppm	lppm	VERB
ideas-7077	292	3	uika	uika	PROPN
ideas-7077	292	4	bogor	bogor	PROPN
ideas-7077	292	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	292	6	381–404	381–404	NUM
ideas-7077	292	7	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	1	http://pkm.uikabogor.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/index	http://pkm.uikabogor.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/index	NOUN
ideas-7077	293	2	risky	risky	ADJ
ideas-7077	293	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	4	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	293	5	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	6	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	293	7	syafi	syafi	PROPN
ideas-7077	293	8	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	10	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	293	11	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	293	12	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	13	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	293	14	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	293	15	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	294	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	294	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	294	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	294	4	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	294	5	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	294	6	on	on	ADP
ideas-7077	294	7	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	294	8	seventhgrade	seventhgrade	NOUN
ideas-7077	294	9	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	294	10	’	’	PART
ideas-7077	294	11	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ideas-7077	294	12	mastery	mastery	NOUN
ideas-7077	294	13	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	1	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
ideas-7077	295	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	295	4	integrated	integrate	VERB
ideas-7077	295	5	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	295	6	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	295	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	295	8	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	9	ijielt	ijielt	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	10	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	11	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	12	9(1	9(1	NUM
ideas-7077	295	13	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	14	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	15	2964–6448	2964–6448	NUM
ideas-7077	295	16	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	17	http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ijielt.v9i1.24916	http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ijielt.v9i1.24916	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	18	sanda	sanda	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	20	l.	l.	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	21	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	22	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	295	23	klimova	klimova	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	24	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	25	b.	b.	PROPN
ideas-7077	295	26	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	27	2021	2021	NUM
ideas-7077	295	28	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	295	29	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	296	1	educational	educational	ADJ
ideas-7077	296	2	mobile	mobile	ADJ
ideas-7077	296	3	applications	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	296	4	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	296	5	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	296	6	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	296	7	as	as	ADP
ideas-7077	296	8	a	a	DET
ideas-7077	296	9	second	second	ADJ
ideas-7077	296	10	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	296	11	by	by	ADP
ideas-7077	296	12	czech	czech	PROPN
ideas-7077	296	13	seniors	senior	NOUN
ideas-7077	296	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	297	1	procedia	procedia	PROPN
ideas-7077	297	2	computer	computer	NOUN
ideas-7077	297	3	science	science	NOUN
ideas-7077	297	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	297	5	192	192	NUM
ideas-7077	297	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	297	7	1848–1855	1848–1855	NUM
ideas-7077	297	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	298	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.08.190	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.08.190	ADJ
ideas-7077	298	2	seltia	seltia	NOUN
ideas-7077	298	3	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	298	4	m.	m.	NOUN
ideas-7077	298	5	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	298	6	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	298	7	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	298	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	299	1	duolingo	duolingo	PROPN
ideas-7077	299	2	gamification	gamification	NOUN
ideas-7077	299	3	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	299	4	improving	improve	VERB
ideas-7077	299	5	students	student	NOUN
ideas-7077	299	6	’	'	PUNCT
ideas-7077	299	7	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ideas-7077	299	8	mastery	mastery	NOUN
ideas-7077	299	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	300	1	trends	trend	NOUN
ideas-7077	300	2	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	300	3	studies	study	NOUN
ideas-7077	300	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	300	5	1(3	1(3	NUM
ideas-7077	300	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	300	7	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	300	8	18–24	18–24	NUM
ideas-7077	300	9	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	301	1	suryani	suryani	PROPN
ideas-7077	301	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	301	3	e.	e.	PROPN
ideas-7077	301	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ideas-7077	301	5	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	301	6	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	301	7	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	301	8	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	302	1	increasing	increase	VERB
ideas-7077	302	2	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	302	3	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	4	skills	skill	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	5	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	302	6	terms	term	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	7	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	302	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	9	byusing	byusing	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	10	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	11	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	302	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	303	1	68–70	68–70	NOUN
ideas-7077	303	2	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	1	gladis	gladis	PROPN
ideas-7077	304	2	alifi	alifi	ADJ
ideas-7077	304	3	ramadani	ramadani	NOUN
ideas-7077	304	4	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	5	ferra	ferra	PROPN
ideas-7077	304	6	dian	dian	PROPN
ideas-7077	304	7	andanty	andanty	NUM
ideas-7077	304	8	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	304	9	’s	’s	PART
ideas-7077	304	10	impacts	impact	NOUN
ideas-7077	304	11	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	304	12	senior	senior	ADJ
ideas-7077	304	13	high	high	ADJ
ideas-7077	304	14	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
ideas-7077	304	15	3458	3458	NUM
ideas-7077	304	16	widayanto	widayanto	PROPN
ideas-7077	304	17	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	18	w.	w.	PROPN
ideas-7077	304	19	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	20	&	&	CCONJ
ideas-7077	304	21	syafi	syafi	PROPN
ideas-7077	304	22	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	23	a.	a.	NOUN
ideas-7077	304	24	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	25	2020	2020	NUM
ideas-7077	304	26	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	304	27	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	305	1	283	283	NUM
ideas-7077	305	2	widodo	widodo	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	3	widayanto	widayanto	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	4	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	305	5	ahmad	ahmad	PROPN
ideas-7077	305	6	syafi’i	syafi’i	PROPN
ideas-7077	305	7	duolingo	duolingo	PROPN
ideas-7077	305	8	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	305	9	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	305	10	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ideas-7077	305	11	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	12	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	305	13	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	305	14	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	305	15	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	16	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	305	17	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
ideas-7077	305	18	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	19	:	:	PUNCT
ideas-7077	305	20	an	an	DET
ideas-7077	305	21	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ideas-7077	305	22	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	23	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	305	24	learning	learn	VERB
ideas-7077	305	25	english	english	ADJ
ideas-7077	305	26	grammar	grammar	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	27	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	305	28	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
ideas-7077	305	29	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	306	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	306	2	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	306	3	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	306	4	language	language	NOUN
ideas-7077	306	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ideas-7077	306	6	and	and	CCONJ
ideas-7077	306	7	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ideas-7077	306	8	integration	integration	NOUN
ideas-7077	306	9	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	306	10	3(1	3(1	NUM
ideas-7077	306	11	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	306	12	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	306	13	283–287	283–287	NUM
ideas-7077	306	14	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	307	1	youlanda	youlanda	PROPN
ideas-7077	307	2	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	307	3	p.	p.	NOUN
ideas-7077	307	4	(	(	PUNCT
ideas-7077	307	5	2023	2023	NUM
ideas-7077	307	6	)	)	PUNCT
ideas-7077	307	7	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	308	1	the	the	DET
ideas-7077	308	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ideas-7077	308	3	of	of	ADP
ideas-7077	308	4	using	use	VERB
ideas-7077	308	5	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
ideas-7077	308	6	application	application	NOUN
ideas-7077	308	7	for	for	ADP
ideas-7077	308	8	students`students`grammar	students`students`grammar	PROPN
ideas-7077	308	9	ability	ability	NOUN
ideas-7077	308	10	in	in	ADP
ideas-7077	308	11	english	english	PROPN
ideas-7077	308	12	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	309	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ideas-7077	309	2	pusat	pusat	PROPN
ideas-7077	309	3	studi	studi	PROPN
ideas-7077	309	4	pendidikan	pendidikan	PROPN
ideas-7077	309	5	rakyat	rakyat	PROPN
ideas-7077	309	6	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	309	7	3	3	NUM
ideas-7077	309	8	,	,	PUNCT
ideas-7077	309	9	43–50	43–50	NUM
ideas-7077	309	10	.	.	PUNCT
ideas-7077	310	1	https://pusdikra-publishing.com/index.php/jies	https://pusdikra-publishing.com/index.php/jie	NOUN