The particular dialect or language that a person chooses to use on any occasion is called a code 7394 Copyright © 2025 The Author IDEAS is licensed under CC-BY-SA 4.0 License Issued by English study program of IAIN Palopo IDEAS Journal on Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) Volume 13, Number 2, December 2025 pp. 7394 - 7420 Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough Shofiya Nur Azizah1, Dien Nur Chotimah2 1,2Bahasa dan Sastra Arab, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Corresponding E-Mail: shofiyaazh@gmail.com Received: 2025-11-18 Accepted: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.24256/ideas. v13i2.8475 Abstract News is a very effective medium in conveying information, messages, and criticism due to its ability to attract wide attention. This study aims to analyze the linguistic aspects, discourse practices, and sociocultural practices in Al-Jazeera news discussing the ceasefire violations by Israel. This qualitative study uses two news items as data sources, collected through reading, sorting, and recording methods. The analysis was conducted using the Critical Discourse Analysis theory approach from Norman Fairclough's perspective. The results show that there are 18 data consisting of linguistic analysis, discourse analysis, and sociocultural analysis that overall convey strong criticism of the ceasefire violations by Israel. Through Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis, the study found that the news not only conveys facts but also constructs a critical ideological narrative using analysis of language dimensions, discourse practices, and sociocultural practices as a tool to convey socio-political messages. Keywords: Critical discourse analysis; violation; ceasefire; Israel-Palestine, Norman Fairclough Introduction The ceasefire between Israel and Palestine is a moment to stop the long- running fighting. This conflict has caused numerous casualties and damage on both sides, so a pause in fighting is needed to prevent the situation from escalating. The ceasefire agreement provides a significant opportunity for Israel and Palestine to open lines of communication and begin the peace negotiation process. Without a ceasefire, the protracted conflict has the potential to escalate and worsen the humanitarian situation in the directly affected areas. On March 3, 2025, Israel and Hamas reached a ceasefire agreement after negotiations facilitated by the United States, Qatar, and Turkey in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. http://u.lipi.go.id/1457703302 mailto:shofiyaazh@gmail.com IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7395 The agreement included the release of Palestinian prisoners and Israel as part of a prisoner exchange. During the ceasefire, Israel agreed to withdraw its forces from several designated areas and allow full humanitarian aid into the Gaza Strip. Therefore, the ceasefire was a crucial step in halting the fighting, opening lines of communication, and enabling negotiations on an agreement that included prisoner releases, troop withdrawals, and the delivery of humanitarian aid to the affected areas. The ceasefire agreement between Israel and Palestine encompasses several key stages. First, Israel agrees to halt all military operations, including aerial bombing and ground attacks, for a specified period. Second, Israel commits to withdraw its troops from certain areas of the Gaza Strip along a mutually agreed- upon line. Third, Israel allows the full entry of humanitarian aid into Gaza, such as food, medicine, and other basic necessities. Fourth, hostages between Israel and Hamas will be released as part of a prisoner exchange. Fifth, international mediators, such as Egypt, Qatar, and the UN, will monitor the ceasefire to ensure implementation. These stages are designed as part of a process toward a more concrete peace. Furthermore, there is a commitment to a complete cessation of hostilities and the commencement of a long-term dialogue. Thus, this ceasefire agreement is a package agreement that includes a cessation of violence, troop withdrawal, respect for humanitarian causes, and diplomatic steps. A ceasefire is an act in which one party to a conflict fails to comply with or violates an agreement to cease fighting for a specified period. This is a serious issue because ceasefires are designed to reduce tensions and provide an opportunity for conflicting parties to engage in dialogue and find a peaceful solution. Violations can erode trust between the parties and lead to further violence. Such violations often hinder the delivery of humanitarian aid to those affected by the conflict. Furthermore, ceasefire violations can jeopardize security and undermine regional stability. Sometimes, these violations serve as an excuse for the aggrieved party to retaliate violently. Therefore, strict oversight and commitment from all parties are crucial for a successful ceasefire. This will protect civilians and increase the chances of peacebuilding. Israel's violations of the ceasefire against Palestine in March 2025 included several significant actions. Israel launched a massive airstrike on March 18, 2025, killing more than 400 Palestinians and injuring hundreds more, including in residential areas and civilian refugee camps. This attack directly ended the ceasefire agreement that had been in effect since January 2025. In addition to the attack, Israel also closed the Gaza border, prohibiting the entry of humanitarian aid such as food, medicine, and fuel, thus exacerbating the humanitarian crisis in the region. Israel refused to extend the ceasefire and threatened to escalate military operations if Hamas failed to comply. Demands for the release of hostages. Israeli airstrikes also targeted refugee facilities and schools serving as shelters for Gazans. This stance drew strong condemnation from the international community, which called for an Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7396 end to the violence. Therefore, these Israeli ceasefire violations, including unilateral military attacks and humanitarian restrictions, undermine the peace process and worsen the situation for the Palestinian people. Israel's ceasefire violations have drawn strong international condemnation. Criticism has been directed at Israel, as these violations have had a significant impact on stability and humanitarian issues in the Palestinian territories. International media outlets, such as Al-Jazeera, consistently report numerous incidents of ceasefire violations, including attacks that have killed Palestinians while the agreement is supposed to be in effect. Al-Jazeera's reporting highlights how these violations exacerbate the humanitarian situation and threaten the peace efforts being made. Critical discourse analysis aims to make individuals more sensitive to hidden or implicit meanings within texts and to understand the ideology underlying the use of language (Niarahmah, Mayasari, and Lubis 2023). According to Norman Fairclough, there is a dialectic or conflict between social reality and discourse (Fairclough 1998). In his view, spoken and written language are forms of social practice carried out by speakers and writers. To interpret the reality or meaning implied in a text, it is important to explore the context of text production, text consumption, and the social and cultural factors that influence the process of text creation (Pere, Robot, and Swan 2024). Critical discourse analysis views language as a tool for representing, influencing, and strengthening power and ideology in society. Fairclough explains that in critical discourse analysis, language and text are analyzed through three main dimensions: the text dimension, the discourse dimension, and the social practice dimension (Mudiawati et al. 2023; Samsuri and Mulawarman 2022). The Critical Discourse Analysis model developed by Fairclough combines various traditions, such as linguistics, interpretive approaches, and sociology, within the concept of discourse. Fairclough introduces three dimensions of discourse analysis: the text dimension, discursive practices, and sociocultural practices. The text dimension focuses on micro-linguistic aspects such as vocabulary, grammar, semantics, and syntax. Discursive practices encompass the processes of text production and consumption, while sociocultural practices relate to the social context that influences the text. This model is used as a problem-solving tool for systematically analyzing political discourse (Sabir, Rauf, and Khalid 2023). Researchers found several previous studies related to critical discourse analysis using Norman Fairclough's perspective. These include the ideology of the use of Covid-19 terms in online news (Samsuri and Mulawarman 2022), the news of Adams Belva Syah Devara's resignation in online mass media (Febriyanti 2022), news about Saudi Vision 2030 on the Al-Jazeera news site (Yuhandra, Nugraha, and Lukman 2024), the discourse on the ban on Friday prayers in various countries on Al-Jazeera English (Ardiansyah 2020), news discourse in the framing of the Indonesian presidential debate in the 2019 election (Nurdin et al. 2023), and societal IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7397 power (Mccartan, Brimblecombe, and Adams 2022), counter-racist ideology in cosmetic advertisements (Elika and Nurhayati 2024), presidential speech in 2022 (Hajrah, Alam, and Jufri 2024), slogan language of teacher demonstration in Samarinda (Mudiawati et al. 2023), news framing of the shooting of US journalists in Ukraine on CNNIndonesia and Sindonews.com (Paramitha and Karim 2021). Israeli and Palestinian hostages in CNN news (Sherina and Mardiah 2024), presidential candidate declaration of Anies Baswedan 2024 (Haslina 2023), social dimension in Putu Wijaya's short story Amnesty (Hibtiyah 2022), analysis of ISN Friday sermons (Gu rlesin 2023), political criticism through Facebook memes (Ismail et al. 2023), role of young voters in Indonesian elections (Jamil and Burhanuddin 2024), advice and religious authority of British Muslims (Maravia, Bekzhanova, and Ali 2021), sexual harassment of men and masculinity (Miranti and Sudiana 2021), symbolic dominance of Nadiem Makariem's ideology (Pratama, Susandi, and Sriwulandari 2022), discourse analysis of Mamat Alkatiri's stand-up comedy (Wayan and Sasmitha 2023), gender inequality in the FTV Suara Hati Istri (Setiawan, Wibisono, and Astuti 2022). Representation of tourists in Irish public policy (Snowdon and Karlsson 2021)(Snowdon and Karlsson 2021), portraits of women's bodies in body lotion advertisements (Suhartatik et al. 2024), hate speech in short films (Vania, Suaedi, and Citraningrum 2024), populist leaders and the media (Baptista, Gradim, and Fonseca 2024), public perception of Florence Nightingale in digital media (Conte et al. 2024), transportation entrepreneurs' representation of PPKM in online media (Suntoro, Rustono, and Santoso 2022), representation of women in poetry (Ajmal and Zainab 2024), consumerist ideology in beverage advertisements (Asri and Nurhayati 2024), and the Palestinian-Israeli humanitarian conflict in Instagram cartoons (Arrafi and Surur 2024). Analysis of political discourse, news, and global issues (Arrafi and Surur 2024; Baptista et al. 2024; Febriyanti 2022; Hajrah et al. 2024; Haslina 2023; Ismail et al. 2023; Jamil and Burhanuddin 2024; Mccartan et al. 2022; Samsuri and Mulawarman 2022; Sherina and Mardiah 2024; Suntoro et al. 2022; Yuhandra et al. 2024). Analysis of gender, social, and entertainment media inequalities hidden in language (Asri and Nurhayati 2024; Conte et al. 2024; Elika and Nurhayati 2024; Miranti and Sudiana 2021; Setiawan et al. 2022; Snowdon and Karlsson 2021; Suhartatik et al. 2024; Vania et al. 2024; Wayan and Sasmitha 2023). Discourse analysis on education and intuition (Ajmal and Zainab 2024; Mudiawati et al. 2023; Pratama et al. 2022). Based on the preliminary study above, this research has similarities and differences with previous studies. The similarities lie in the object of study, namely news, and the approach used, namely Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. The differences lie in the focus of the analysis, which describes the text structure (textual dimension), discourse practices (social practice dimension), and sociocultural practices (sociocultural dimension) in Al Jazeera news, specifically about Israel's ceasefire violations. Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7398 Method This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to uncover the ceasefire violations by Israel as reported in the Arab media, using Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis perspective that emphasizes the dimensions of text, discourse practices, and sociocultural practices. The main data comes from two Aljazeera news articles dated March 5, 2025, which were deliberately selected because they were highly relevant to the topic, published during a hot event, and represented an in- depth perspective from a trusted Middle Eastern media; the first article entitled “ أبرز and the second news entitled ,”النار االنتهاكات اإلسرائيلية خالل المرحلة األولى من اتفاق وقف إطالق With the news link as follows: first . ”حماس تنشر قائمة بأبرز االنتهاكات اإلسرائيلية لوقف إطالق النار“ news (https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2025/3/3/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8% B2- %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%83 %D8%A7 %D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D 8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8 4), and the second news (https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2025/3/3/%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b3 -%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%85%d8% a9-%d8 %a8%d8%a3%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9 %86%D8%A A%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA). The data collection process began with a thorough reading of the entire article, then sorting its sections according to Fairclough's three dimensions, and noting important quotes in a special table to ensure nothing was missed. To fully understand the content, three translation tools were used in stages: Translate (Google Translate) to translate all Arabic news into Indonesian for clarity; Drive (the translate feature in Google Drive) to translate Indonesian articles into English; and DeepL to check and correct translations of words or phrases that seemed inappropriate, ensuring the analysis remained accurate without losing the original context. Supporting data was taken from Fairclough's theory book and previous studies to strengthen understanding. Data analysis followed the steps of Miles and Huberman, namely filtering news segments according to Fairclough's dimensions (text through language patterns, discourse practices through production and dissemination methods, sociocultural through conflict backgrounds), presenting the results, and then drawing conclusions. Validity was maintained through inter-marker checks with the help of an assistant, source comparisons (news vs. theory), and translation rechecks. This study is aware of its limitations such as the small sample of only two articles that limits generalization, the possibility of researcher bias, and the challenges of Arabic translation that can leave nuances lost. IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7399 From an ethical perspective, the analysis remains neutral on politically sensitive public content without changing anything, and respects open-source copyright. In the final stage, conclusions are drawn by summarizing the results of the data that have been recorded and analyzed using the theory used. Result The discourse analysis of two Al-Jazeera news reports on Israel's ceasefire violations can be viewed from three perspectives, according to Fairclough's discourse analysis theory. These three aspects are linguistic analysis, discourse analysis, and sociocultural analysis. The details of these three analyses are as follows: Text Dimensions In a linguistic analysis of two Al-Jazeera news reports, nine data points were found that demonstrate the use of sharp and emotional diction and complex sentence structures. Cohesive patterns such as the repetition of keywords and particular particles reinforce the message. The use of modality and tense patterns demonstrates how the text strategically regulates the certainty and chronology of events. This analysis aligns with the findings of stated that Al-Jazeera uses diction that strengthens ideology through the structure of Arabic texts with the critical use of negation and metaphor (Yuhandra et al. 2024). Data 1 االحتالل الذيشهدت المرحلة األولى من اتفاق وقف إطالق النار بين المقاومة وإسرائيل انتهاكات كبيرة من جانب ( 2025الجزيرة b) لم يلتزم بالبنود اإلنسانية التي تم االتفاق عليها The first phase of the ceasefire agreement between the resistance and Israel was marked by massive violations by the occupation forces who did not comply with the agreed humanitarian provisions. Data (1) explains Israel's failure to comply with the agreement that was made and agreed upon by both parties, namely Gaza and Israel. The use of the phrase forms a critical narrative (not complying) ”لم يلتزم“ dan (major violations) ”انتهاكات كبيرة“ that marks Israel as a deliberate violator of the agreement. This sentence emphasizes Israel's serious violations as a perpetrator of humanitarian violations. Data 2 شاحنة كان ينص عليها االتفاق 50شاحنة وقود لقطاع غزة يوميا من أصل 23االحتالل سمح بإدخال ( 2025الجزيرة b) The occupation only allows the entry of 23 fuel trucks into the Gaza Strip every day out of the total of 50 trucks agreed in the agreement. Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7400 Data (2) presents a clear fact that Israel has violated the agreement, namely by reducing the permits for fuel trucks to enter the Gaza Strip from a total of 50 to only 23 trucks. This shows a discrepancy between the agreement and its implementation. Diction such as “من أصل” (of the total) emphasizes the incomplete realization of promises. The figures clearly reinforce the discourse of injustice and Israel's failure to meet the vital needs of the Gaza population as stipulated in the agreement. Data 3 ( 2025 الجزيرة b) ألفا 60بيتا متنقال فقط من أصل 15تم إدخال Only 15 mobile homes were included out of the total 60,000 that were supposed to be included. Data (3) shows that there was an Israeli violation, namely the mobile home assistance which was written in the agreement was 60 thousand, but only 15 were permitted. The use of the word "فقط" (only) emphasizes the minimal amount of mobile home assistance compared to the actual figures promised. This clearly conveys Israel's impartiality and injustice towards Palestine. This sentence has a strong emotional impact, where the inadequacy of aid is presented as a symbol of the suffering of the people of Gaza. Data 4 ( 2025 الجزيرة b) منع االحتالل إدخال مواد البناء والتشطيب إلعادة تأهيل المستشفيات والبنى التحتية المدمرة The occupation prohibits the entry of building and finishing materials to rehabilitate destroyed hospitals and infrastructure. Data (4) shows that Israel prohibits the entry of building and finishing materials to rehabilitate destroyed hospitals and infrastructure. The repetition of the word which shapes the discourse of institutional violence and material (prohibits) "منع " oppression against the people of Gaza. This is an obstacle to the rebuilding of people's lives and critical health services. Data 5 نشرت حركة المقاومة اإلسالمية )حماس( بيانا تضمن قائمة بأبرز االنتهاكات اإلسرائيلية التفاق وقف إطالق النار (aالجزيرة 2025) The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) issued a statement listing Israel’s main violations of the ceasefire agreement. Data (5) provides information that Hamas issued a statement containing a list of major violations by Israel of the ceasefire agreement. The choice of the word " أبرز IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7401 indicates a serious and significant violation, not a minor (major violations) "االنتهاكات or trivial one. This demonstrates the high legitimacy attached to this official statement. Hamas also shows that they have clear evidence of Israeli actions that violate the agreement. It shows that Hamas wants to strengthen its image as a party that systematically documents violations and tries to control the narrative of the conflict. Data 6 ( 2025 الجزيرة a) مرة 962قال البيان إن إسرائيل انتهكت اتفاق وقف إطالق النار ميدانيا The statement said Israel had violated the ceasefire agreement on the ground 962 times. Data (6) explains that Israel has violated the ceasefire agreement on the ground 962 times. The use of the specific number "962 مرة" (962 times) confirmed the aggressive and repeated violations. These detailed figures show that the violations were not just one or two times, but rather continuous and massive aggression. This concrete data increases the statement as a material for political pressure. Data 7 وشدد البيان على أن حركة حماس ملتزمة في المقابل بتنفيذ كافة بنود االتفاق المتعلقة بها بدقة ( 2025الجزيرة a) The statement emphasized that Hamas is committed to implementing all provisions of the agreement in a proper manner. Data (7) provides information that Hamas is committed to implementing all provisions in the written agreement. The use of the word “ملتزمة” (committed) and .emphasizes Hamas's adherence to the terms of the agreement (precisely) ”بدقة“ This phrase conveys the impression that Hamas is not merely verbally agreeing, but is serious and responsible. The implementation of obligations is carried out strictly, meticulously, and in accordance with every detail of the agreed-upon provisions. Data 8 رئيس الوزراء اإلسرائيلي بنيامين نتنياهو يسعى بعد انتهاء المرحلة األولى إلى استئناف العدوان على غزة ( 2025 الجزيرة a) Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is seeking to continue the aggression against Gaza after the first phase ends. Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7402 Data (8) explains that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is trying to continue the aggression against Gaza after the first phase ended. The choice of the phrase “استئناف العدوان” (continuing aggression) which builds a continuous picture of struggle and conflict. The word “استئناف” demonstrates the continuity and continuity of violent acts, not something new or a new incident. This builds the impression that the aggression against Gaza is not a one-time or unavoidable event, but rather an ongoing process. The word “العدوان” emphasizes that Israel's actions were not merely military operations, but rather an aggressive attack. This term has negative connotations and evokes the impression of violence that violates humanity. Discourse Practice In discourse analysis, seven data points demonstrate how news is shaped not only as text but also as a social product influenced by particular interests. Media outlets like Al-Jazeera package news with framing strategies that influence how readers view conflict issues by focusing on suffering and power dynamics. Furthermore, the distribution and control of news content illustrate the power relations behind the production of this discourse. This suggests that Al-Jazeera uses discourse as a clear ideological tool in critically reporting the Israeli-Palestinian conflict (Qostholani et al. 2025). Data 9 سيارات إسعاف فقط، ومنع االحتالل إدخال مواد البناء والتشطيب 5ولم يدخل للقطاع سوى ( 2025 الجزيرة b) The (Zionist) occupation only allows 5 ambulances to enter Gaza, and prohibits building materials for rehabilitation. This text was produced to highlight the limitations of humanitarian access resulting from Israeli policies. The mention of the very small number of ambulances and the ban on aid emphasizes the systemic restrictions imposed. Data (9) shows that Israel only allows 5 ambulances into the Gaza Strip and prohibits the entry of building materials for rehabilitation. In this context, the news that limits the entry of ambulances and building materials into Gaza is not just an ordinary report, but also part of the production of discourse that demonstrates a certain power and ideology. The media shapes a narrative that leads to the understanding that these actions are a form of systemic oppression by Israel. IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7403 Data 10 ( 2025الجزيرة b) ورفض االحتالل إدخال معدات الدفاع المدني للقطاع في مخالفة لالتفاق The occupation (Zionist Israel) is violating the agreement by refusing entry of civilian equipment into Gaza. Data 10 illustrates Israel's refusal to allow essential equipment into Gaza for civilians. This action is not only a unilateral refusal but also a violation of the agreements reached. This refusal demonstrates Israel's deliberate obstruction of aid and recovery efforts for Gaza residents affected by the conflict. This sentence creates the impression that Israel is committing serious violations and hindering the humanitarian aid process. This reinforces the discourse of injustice and aggression perpetrated by Israel in the ongoing conflict. Data 11 شاحنة وقود يوميا إلى قطاع غزة 50قالت حركة حماس، إن إسرائيل لم تلتزم ببند إدخال ( 2025الجزيرة a) Hamas says Israel is not complying with the requirement to bring 50 fuel trucks into Gaza every day. Data 11 reports that Hamas accused Israel of failing to fulfill its promise to supply fuel to Gaza. This failure has had a significant impact on basic necessities such as electricity and transportation, which the community desperately needs. This accusation also serves as a strategy for Hamas to attract international attention and support. They emphasize how these violations worsen the humanitarian situation in Gaza. Data 12 ( 2025الجزيرة a) مرة 962قال البيان، إن إسرائيل انتهكت اتفاق وقف إطالق النار ميدانيا The statement said Israel violated the ceasefire agreement on the ground 962 times. Data (12) indicates that Israel has violated the ceasefire agreement 962 times. This figure indicates very frequent and continuous violations, not just minor or coincidental incidents. By presenting large and detailed figures, this discourse emphasizes Israel's aggressive stance, repeatedly disrupting the peace. This reinforces the narrative of prolonged tension in the region. Data 13 490شخصا وإصابة 116وأضاف البيان، أن االعتداءات اإلسرائيلية خالل المرحلة األولى أسفرت عن استشهاد ( 2025الجزيرة a) Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7404 Additional information is that the Israeli attack during the first phase resulted in 116 people being killed and 490 injured. Data (13) reports that during the first phase of the attack, hundreds of Gazans were killed and injured. Referring to the victims with special terms of respect indicates the deep human suffering. These words aim to build empathy in the reader and pay respect to the victims, not just as numbers, but as human beings who experienced a great tragedy in the conflict. Data 14 ( 2025الجزيرة a) أشار البيان إلى استمرار إغالق معبر رفح أمام المدنيين في االتجاهين The statement indicated the continued closure of the Rafah crossing to civilians in both directions. Data (14) highlights the continued closure of the Rafah crossing, which restricts civilian access. This restriction makes it difficult for residents to obtain food, medicine, and essential medical services. This closure exacerbates the feelings of isolation and hardship experienced by Gazans. This discourse illustrates the severity of the ongoing suffering caused by the blockade and access restrictions. Data 15 ( 2025الجزيرة a) قالت حركة حماس إن إسرائيل تعمدت تأخير اإلفراج عنهم في جميع المراحل Hamas says Israel is deliberately delaying the release of prisoners at all stages Data (15) reports Hamas' accusation that Israel is deliberately delaying the release of prisoners. This attitude is considered a deliberate human rights violation and is painful for prisoners and their families. This narrative strengthens criticism of Israel's actions, highlighting that the detention and delay in release are not accidental, but rather part of a planned practice of oppression. Data 16 أشارت إلى إجبار سلطات االحتالل األسرى على ارتداء مالبس تحمل دالالت نازية وعنصرية ( 2025 الجزيرة a) Statements show detainees were forced to wear clothing with Nazi and racist symbols. Data (16) conveys statements that detainees were forced to wear clothing with Nazi and racist symbols. These symbols were used as a form of humiliation and extreme torture. The use of such symbols reinforces the discourse on the cruel and inhumane treatment experienced by detainees, while simultaneously generating international empathy and support for their plight. IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7405 Sociocultural Practice A sociocultural analysis reveals that political and social conditions in the Middle East significantly influence Al-Jazeera's news presentation. This media plays a role as a tool of diplomacy and ideological struggle, reflecting political tensions in the region, as demonstrated in research (Pere et al. 2024). Reports continue to document Israeli ceasefire violations, with attacks causing significant casualties and damage, which Al-Jazeera critically presents as ongoing violations. These findings demonstrate how Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis can shed light on power relations, ideology, and social practices within the context of reporting on this complex conflict. Data 17 ( 2025الجزيرة a) أشار البيان إلى عدم انسحاب االحتالل أو تقليص قواته في ممر فيالدلفيا The statement said it would not withdraw or reduce troops in the Philadelphia Corridor. Data 17 shows that Israel has not withdrawn or reduced its troops in the Philadelphia Corridor. This creates tension because the presence of these troops limits the freedom and sense of security of civilians in the surrounding area. From a social and cultural perspective, the continued presence of these military forces severely impacts the daily lives of local communities. They must face strict controls that unbalance social relations. Therefore, this situation symbolizes how military power dominates and restricts the movement of people in conflict zones. This situation also demonstrates how politics and power the military impacts the social life of the population. The continued presence of troops demonstrates dominance that prevents residents from living normal lives. This creates anxiety and fear, leading to ongoing tensions. This military control restricts residents' rights and hinders their mobility. Therefore, the social and cultural impacts of this situation are deeply felt in the daily lives of residents living in the region. Data 18 ( 2025الجزيرة a) جاء في بيان حماس أن إسرائيل أّخرت عمدا بدء مفاوضات المرحلة الثانية Hamas statement says Israel is deliberately delaying the start of the second phase of negotiations Data 18 suggests that Israel deliberately delayed the start of the second phase of negotiations, according to a Hamas statement. This delay is seen as Israel's way of maintaining its strong position in the political process. Socially, this statement is expected to exert moral and political pressure on Israel to resume negotiations more quickly. It also demonstrates an awareness of the importance of using pressure as a tool in complex negotiations. Therefore, this delay is not merely an administrative Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7406 matter but also part of a strategy to maintain power. This Hamas statement reflects an atmosphere of tension and mistrust between the negotiating groups. This mutual suspicion affects social and political relations within the broader society. By highlighting this delay, it has sparked a broader discussion about justice and legitimacy in resolving the conflict. The message also recalls pre-existing inequalities and tensions. Therefore, this discourse has had a significant impact on how society and political actors respond to this conflict situation Discussion Data (1), (2), (3), (4) show that this news highlights the major violations committed by Israel against the ceasefire agreement. Phrases like انتهاكات كبيرة and لم notstressed that this violation was not just a minor mistake, but a serious and يلتزم deliberate violation by Israel. The phrase أصل the discrepancy between the من agreement and reality, particularly regarding the number of fuel trucks allowed into Gaza. The word أبرز االنتهاكات in data (5) it also marks that the reported violation is very important and major. With clear and detailed figures such as 962 مرة, the news depicts that violations occurred repeatedly and have become a serious problem. This specific diction and figures are used to emphasize the magnitude and recurrence of the violations, creating a powerful narrative of injustice. This aligns with previous findings that media language serves to reinforce ideology and make readers aware of the power imbalance in the conflict (Samsuri and Mulawarman 2022). These specific diction and figures are used to emphasize the enormity and recurrence of the violations, creating a powerful narrative of injustice, consistent with journal reports that construct a similar picture through precise word choice and figures to underscore the scale of the mass action, a severe humanitarian crisis with thousands of victims, including children, the destruction of vital infrastructure such as 51% of educational facilities and hospitals, and the displacement of 70% of Gaza's population (Musa et al. 2023). Accusations of genocide by the International Court of Justice ordered Israel to halt its actions in Gaza due to the massive loss of life and suffering (Fachri 2024); the term "cultural bombing" describes the destruction of educational and cultural sites to undermine Palestinian identity (Lloyd 2025); criticism of anti-Palestinian media bias positions Palestinians as terrorists, thus justifying Israeli aggression (Smith et al. 2023); while Palestinian group violations such as civilian attacks and hostage-taking demand a balanced view for shared accountability (Christie et al. 2024; Dannenbaum and Dill 2024). Data (3) and (4), language is used to show the major obstacles experienced by Gazans due to aid restrictions. The use of the wordonlyemphasized that the mobile home assistance received was much less than the initial promise, giving rise to a deep sense of injustice.to forbid in the sentence indicates the systematic prohibition of building materials essential for the rehabilitation of hospitals and infrastructure. This repetition adds emphasis to the meaning of the prohibition, forming a discourse of material oppression that hinders the improvement of citizens' IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7407 basic needs. This strategy of repetition and word choice aligns with Fairclough's theory that language is not only a means of communication, but also a means of regulating power relations in society (Febriyanti 2022). This strategy of repetition and diction aligns with Fairclough's theory that language is not merely a means of communication, but also a means of regulating power relations, as seen in legal discourse that disguises inequality as neutral (Li 2024), Indian caste discrimination that stigmatizes certain dialects (Sumilih et al. 2024), policy semantics that limit alternative visions (Radaelli 2023), neoliberal English in Bangladesh that widens the gap (Zamhari et al. 2025), the political rhetoric of Zimbabwe's ZANU-PF for hegemony (Chibuwe and Munoriyarwa 2023), and linguistic stereotypes in Buenos Aires that limit the agency of the poor. Data (7) shows that Hamas wants to show their compliance and responsibility in carrying out the agreement.CommittedAnd AccuratelyThis was chosen to emphasize Hamas's seriousness and thoroughness in fulfilling all agreed terms. This language builds a positive image of Hamas as a committed and responsible party in the ongoing conflict. This contrasts with the negative narrative directed at Israel, creating a strong ideological contrast. Fairclough's study confirms that language shapes social identity and how people perceive the parties involved(Mccartan et al. 2022). Language plays an important role in shaping social identity and perception. The parties involved in the conflict, as demonstrated in the context of the Israeli- Palestinian conflict. The use of language by media outlets and political entities can construct narratives that humanize or dehumanize the parties involved, influencing public sentiment and ideological attitudes. This is evident in the contrasting portrayals of Hamas and Israel, where language is used to construct a positive image of Hamas as committed and responsible, while Israel is often portrayed negatively. This dichotomy is supported by Fairclough's review, which asserts that language significantly influences social identity and perception. Media outlets such as Al Jazeera English (AJE) and The Washington Post (WP) use language to frame the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in ways that align with their ideological perspectives. AJE tends to reinforce Arab and Muslim perspectives, portraying Palestinians as victims and Israel as oppressors, while WP often reflects US geopolitical interests, marginalizing Palestinian grievances (Warshagha, Ang, and Huan 2024). Al Jazeera's reporting uses lexical choices that emphasize Palestine as the 'in-group' and Israel as the 'out-group', framing Palestine as the innocent victim and Israel as the occupier (Ghani 2025). Platforms like TikTok have become arenas for public diplomacy, where Israeli and Palestinian users engage international audiences. Palestinians have been more successful in generating engagement by emphasizing personal narratives, while Israelis focus on victimization (Yarchi and Boxman-Shabtai 2025). The role of global media in shaping narratives is significant, with Western outlets often accused of bias by amplifying Israeli narratives and censoring pro-Palestinian content (Putra 2025). Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7408 Language also plays a role in ceasefire negotiations and the peace process. Israeli spokespeople have been found to strategically manage language to justify ongoing military action while appearing to support peace (Sambaraju and McVittie 2024). Palestinians' persistent use of the “apartheid” analogy serves as a powerful linguistic tool to highlight their plight and garner international support (Amalia and Fiddienika 2024). While language is a powerful tool in shaping perceptions, it is important to recognize the broader geopolitical and historical context that influences these narratives. Understanding the role of language in these dynamics is crucial to fostering a more balanced and constructive discourse. Data (8) uses the phraseResumption of aggressionAnd aggressionto warn that Israel's aggression against Gaza is ongoing and unrelenting. These words suggest that the violence is ongoing and planned, not merely incidental. This language creates the perception that the conflict is far from over and paints a grim picture of the ongoing violence. This precise word choice helps readers understand the seriousness and protracted nature of the conflict. This aligns with Fairclough's study, which views language as a tool for shaping social realities and power relations (Yuhandra et al. 2024). Language plays a crucial role in shaping perceptions of conflict, as it can influence public sentiment, frame narratives, and perpetuate ideologies. This aligns with Fairclough's study, which views language as a tool for shaping social realities and power relations. Word choice in media and communications can paint a grim picture of the ongoing violence, making the conflict appear protracted and unresolved. This is evident in various contexts, such as media coverage of international conflicts and political rhetoric. The following section explores how language influences perceptions of conflict and the implications of this linguistic choice. Media outlets often employ specific linguistic strategies to frame conflicts, which can shape public perceptions. The use of metaphors, nominalizations, and evaluative language in media narratives can influence how a conflict is perceived. Similarly, the framing of the Palestine-Israel conflict by Al Jazeera English and The Washington Post demonstrates how language choices can perpetuate particular ideologies and foster divisive worldviews (Warshagha et al. 2024). Word choice in headlines and news articles can significantly influence how a conflict is perceived. In the case of the Pulwama attack, lexical choices in newspaper headlines were analyzed to understand how they represented the place and action, influencing public sentiment and political discourse (Jan and Barclay 2025). This highlights the power of language in shaping narratives and influencing public opinion. The power of naming in conflict situations is crucial, as it can influence understanding and construct narratives. Different media outlets can use specific descriptors to present political actors positively, negatively, or neutrally, reflecting their geopolitical interests and values (Boginskaya 2025). This demonstrates how language can be used as a tool of power and ideology, shaping social reality and IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7409 influencing public perception. Political leaders often use language strategically to construct identities and engage audiences. During the 2024 US presidential election, Donald Trump and Kamala Harris used contrasting rhetorical styles to address voter concerns and influence behavior (Hamed and Alqurashi 2025). This illustrates how language can be used to construct power and influence societal dynamics. In protracted crises, communication plays a crucial role in shaping public perceptions and influencing the crisis's life cycle. Rhetorical and kairos situations highlight the importance of recognizing appropriate moments to present responses and the constitutive dimensions of communication in crises (Ihlen, Kjeldsen, and Offerdal 2024). This underscores the need for effective communication strategies in conflict resolution. The use of a lingua franca in conflict resolution can have serious implications, as it can generate higher levels of resentment and lower levels of sympathy, reducing perceived support for peacebuilding proposals (Grant, Maoz, and Keysar 2022). This highlights the importance of considering language choice in international diplomacy and conflict resolution efforts. While language can shape perceptions of conflict and influence public sentiment, it is crucial to recognize its potential to also foster understanding and resolution. By adopting a more balanced and nuanced approach to conflict reporting and communication, media professionals and political leaders can contribute to a more constructive public discourse and facilitate peaceful resolution. This requires a shift towards journalistic integrity and a recognition of the consequences of emotionally charged narratives, which can negatively impact public discourse and hinder the path to peaceful resolution (Temmerman and Tournet 2024). Media outlets such as Al-Jazeera actively produce news highlighting the restrictions on humanitarian access in Gaza. Data (9) shows that only five ambulances were allowed in, as well as the ban on building materials for rehabilitation, which is described as a form of systemic oppression. The media chose this information to emphasize Israel's occupying power and the suffering of Gazans. Data (10) reports Israel's denial of some civilian equipment, which reinforces the narrative of aggression and violation of the agreement. During the production stage, this narrative focused on drawing global attention to the injustices experienced by Palestinians. News consumers, namely the public, received and interpreted this message within a humanitarian and political context, fostering empathy and awareness. They saw this news as a vivid depiction of the suffering deliberately produced by policies of oppression. Thus, the production and consumption of this discourse mutually reinforce narratives of suffering and injustice. The production and consumption of narratives surrounding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are closely intertwined, with the media playing a crucial role in shaping public perception and empathy. The portrayal of Palestinians as victims of repressive policies is a recurring theme in media narratives, which often emphasize the humanitarian and political dimensions of their suffering. Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7410 This narrative strategy not only draws global attention to the injustices faced by Palestinians but also fosters a sense of empathy and collective consciousness among news consumers. The media's role in this process is multifaceted, involving the framing of news stories and the cultural and political contexts in which they are consumed. Al Jazeera's 2021 report on the Israeli-Palestinian crisis exemplifies how media outlets can reflect personal ideologies through lexical choices, portraying Palestinians as victims and Israel as oppressors. This framing emphasizes the Palestinian narrative and often silences the Israeli perspective, thus reinforcing specific ideological stances (Ghani 2025). Similarly, a comparative analysis of Al Jazeera and The Washington Post highlight how language choices in media reporting can shape public sentiment and perpetuate particular ideologies. Al Jazeera tends to amplify Arab and Muslim perspectives, while The Washington Post is more aligned with US geopolitical interests, downplaying Palestinian grievances (Warshagha et al. 2024). Cultural tourism in Palestine serves as a form of political resistance, countering the dominant narrative imposed by the Israeli occupation. By engaging with cultural and historical sites, tourists participate in a form of resistance that affirms Palestinian identity and narrative, thereby strengthening global awareness and solidarity with the Palestinian cause (Ramallah 2024). Global media portrayals of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict often reveal bias, with Western outlets frequently amplifying Israeli narratives while censoring pro-Palestinian content. This bias contributes to the systematic denial of Palestinian humanity and rights, as seen in coverage of the Gaza conflict (Putra 2025). T he humanitarian crisis in Gaza, exacerbated by Israeli military action and the blockade, is a stark example of the suffering faced by Palestinians. UNRWA reports highlight the dire conditions in Gaza, emphasizing the urgent need for humanitarian assistance and international intervention (Amra 2025). Personal narratives from Palestinians living under occupation, such as those from university students in the West Bank, serve to humanize their experiences and foster international solidarity. While the media plays a crucial role in shaping narratives of suffering and injustice, it is important to recognize the potential for bias and misinformation in these depictions. The emotionally charged nature of conflict reporting can inflame public opinion and deepen societal divisions, underscoring the need for journalistic integrity and balanced reporting. Furthermore, the global media's tendency to align with specific geopolitical interests can obscure the complexities of conflict and hinder efforts toward a peaceful resolution (Warshagha et al. 2024). Israel's failure to fulfill its humanitarian obligations was also produced by the media as a focus of news coverage, as seen in data (11) regarding the failure to supply materials fuel is essential for the daily activities of Gazans. Data (12) highlights the number of ceasefire violations, amounting to 962, indicating ongoing, repeated aggression. The presentation of these figures serves to convey the sense of urgency and seriousness of the conflict. Consumption of this news creates public opinion that IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7411 rejects these aggressive actions and increases moral pressure on those perceived as violators. The media's consistent approach to the notion of aggression reinforces the discourse of the conflict from the perspective of Gaza's suffering. Furthermore, data (13) and (14) provide a broad overview of the loss of life and the isolation of residents, adding a humanitarian dimension to the news. Public response to this news reinforces the media's role as a tool for spreading social awareness about the conflict. The language used in media coverage of the conflict often highlights the humanitarian dimension by focusing on civilian casualties and the isolation of affected populations. This approach not only informs the public about the dire consequences of the conflict but also plays a crucial role in raising social awareness and encouraging public response. Media portrayals of humanitarian crises can significantly influence public perceptions and policies, reinforcing their role as a tool for spreading social awareness about the conflict. Media coverage often emphasizes the humanitarian impact of the conflict, such as civilian casualties and the destruction of infrastructure, which can lead to heightened public awareness and concern. News framing in terms of humanitarian crises, as seen in coverage of the Wamena riots, can shape public discourse and influence government action by highlighting the responsibility to protect civilians (Sugiarta et al., 2020). Visual and narrative framing in the media can humanize or dehumanize victims of conflict, influencing public empathy and engagement. Media portrayals of conflict-related casualties can lead to increased public demand for policy changes, such as calls for an end to war or humanitarian intervention. Increased media coverage of battlefield casualties in Afghanistan led to greater public demand for a withdrawal (Fetzer et al. 2023). Media coverage can also influence donor behavior and support for humanitarian interventions, as seen in the Slovak nonprofit response to the conflict in Ethiopia, where the media played a crucial role in mobilizing aid (Lisvia and Aftah 2023). Media portrayals of refugees and displaced persons can shape public attitudes and policy responses. The portrayal of Syrian refugees in various countries has influenced public perceptions and policies toward refugee assistance (Aldamen 2023). While media coverage can raise awareness, it can also lead to media-induced trauma, affecting the mental health of audiences exposed to graphic and sustained conflict coverage (Afriliyanti and Kartika 2025). The role of the media in conflict settings is complex, as it must balance the need to inform the public with the potential to cause harm through sensationalism or biased reporting. This requires ethical considerations and responsible journalism to ensure accurate and compassionate coverage (Jan and Barclay 2025). While media coverage of conflict plays a crucial role in raising social awareness and influencing public response, it also presents challenges that require careful ethical consideration. Media portrayals of humanitarian crises can significantly influence public perceptions and policy, highlighting the importance of responsible journalism in conflict settings. Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7412 The issue of oppression of detainees in data (15) and (16) is an important part of media production practices depict inhumane treatment and human rights violations. The media explicitly alleges that detainees were treated cruelly, including being forced to wear clothing with Nazi symbols, as a form of humiliation and torture. This narrative serves to reinforce the position of Palestinians as victims of oppression deserving international support. The public who consumes this discourse will see the conflict not only as a territorial dispute but also as an ethical and humanitarian issue. This news consumption builds and fuels broader criticism of the occupation. News consumption regarding conflicts, such as the Israeli- Palestinian conflict, often goes beyond territorial disputes to encompass ethical and humanitarian dimensions. This broader perspective is shaped by media portrayals of the conflict, which influence public opinion and fuel criticism of the occupying forces' actions. The discourse surrounding this conflict is not only about the immediate events but also about the underlying humanitarian crisis and the ethical considerations that arise from it. These diverse views are reflected in scholarly and media narratives that highlight the humanitarian impact and ethical implications of the conflict, thus shaping public perceptions and criticism. Media outlets play a crucial role in shaping public perception by framing the conflict in particular ways. Portrayals of the Gaza conflict in the media and scholarly articles often emphasize humanitarian issues, calling for a ceasefire, and highlighting the genocide narrative. This focus on humanitarian aspects is common in pro-Gaza articles, which are often published in highly ranked journals with global affiliations. The humanitarian crisis in Gaza, exacerbated by the blockade and military action, has been a focal point of criticism. Reports of bombings of civilian infrastructure, including hospitals and schools, highlight the severe humanitarian impact and violations of international humanitarian law (Firdaus, Aviandy, and Fajarwati 2024). Scholars and activists have been vocal in their criticism of the conflict's humanitarian impact. They emphasize the need for a ceasefire and the establishment of humanitarian corridors to provide critical aid to the affected population (Oktavina, Hadiprashada, and Budiman 2024). Academic discourse also reflects broader criticisms of media bias and the asymmetry of anger in reporting the conflict. This criticism is directed at a perceived anti-Palestinian bias in influential media outlets, which influences the global narrative and public perception of the conflict (Smith et al. 2023). While media and scholarly narratives often focus on the humanitarian and ethical dimensions of the conflict, it is important to recognize the complexity of these issues. Media portrayals of the conflict can sometimes lead to oversimplified narratives that do not fully capture the complexities of the situation. Moreover, framing conflict in terms of ethical and humanitarian issues can sometimes obscure the political and historical context that is also important to understanding the conflict. IDEAS, Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2025 ISSN 2338-4778 (Print) ISSN 2548-4192 (Online) 7413 Data (17) reports that Israel maintains a troop presence in the Philadelphia Corridor, which makes local residents feel insecure and continues to experience tension. This troop presence limits people's freedoms and changes their daily lives. This situation also shows how military power influences and controls the social space of the population. From a socio-cultural perspective, this creates ongoing fear and discomfort. Similarly, Data (18) highlights that Israel is deliberately delaying the second phase of negotiations, which Hamas considers a strategy to maintain political control. This delay not only impacts the political process but also deepens social tensions and mistrust between the groups involved. News about this situation this demonstrates how the conflict is not only military but also involves complex social and political aspects. The delay in the second phase of negotiations between Israel and Hamas has exacerbated political and social tensions, highlighting the multifaceted nature of the conflict. This situation is not just a military confrontation but also involves deep-rooted social and political complexities. The stalled negotiations have increased mistrust and hostility, affecting both the local and international communities. The delay in negotiations has further entrenched the political deadlock between Israel and Hamas, making the prospect of peace more elusive. The international community, particularly the United States, has struggled to mediate effectively, with attempts to revive a two-state solution proving futile. This has led to a shift in global perspectives on the conflict, with some advocating alternative approaches. The ongoing conflict has deepened social tensions, with Israeli and Palestinian societies experiencing increasing polarization. The humanitarian crisis in Gaza, exacerbated by Israeli military action, has fuelled anger and resentment among Palestinians, while memories of the Hamas attack on October 7, 2023, continue to haunt Israeli society (Dannenbaum and Dill 2024; Meines 2024). The social fabric in Gaza is further strained by dire humanitarian conditions, including disrupted access to essential services and deteriorating health infrastructure. These conditions contribute to a cycle of radicalization and violence, particularly among young people (Meines 2024). The conflict has significant implications for regional politics, with Arab Islamic groups and states responding to the situation in varying ways. While support for Palestine is widespread, responses have been mixed, reflecting a complex interplay of ideology, political opportunities, and threat structures (Dewantara, Hadi, and Siswanto 2025). The delay in negotiations has also highlighted the limitations of international law and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine, as the UN Security Council remains paralyzed in addressing the crisis. This has led to global frustration and calls for more decisive action to protect civilians. The perception that territorial withdrawal compromises security is challenged by evidence suggesting that post-disengagement policies, not withdrawal itself, have fueled recent security threats (Mildorfova and Dinic 2023). While the Shofiya Nur Azizah, Dien Nur Chotimah Israeli Ceasefire Violations in Aljazeera’s Reporting: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Norman Fairclough 7414 delay in negotiations has heightened existing tensions, it also presents an opportunity to reassess and potentially redefine approaches to resolving the conflict. The role of the international community, regional dynamics, and the exploration of alternative solutions are crucial in shaping the future of Israeli-Palestinian relations. The complexity of the situation underscores the need for a nuanced understanding and a multifaceted approach to peacebuilding. Conclusion Based on the analysis of two Al-Jazeera news reports on Israel's ceasefire violations, 18 data points were found, divided into three analytical categories: linguistic, discourse, and sociocultural. The linguistic analysis revealed the use of words and sentence structures that emphasize the criticism of Israel's actions. Discourse analysis shows how Al Jazeera constructs a narrative that highlights the plight of Palestinians and portrays power relations within the conflict, using framing strategies that influence reader perceptions. Meanwhile, sociocultural analysis reveals the influence of Middle Eastern political and social conditions on news formation, with Al-Jazeera also acting as a diplomatic medium and a tool for ideological struggle. This research has important theoretical, practical, and social implications. Theoretically, this study applies Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis to understand conflict discourse in the context of international media. Practically, these findings can serve as a reference for other researchers who wish to examine media discourse in similar conflicts. Socially, the research findings contribute to public criticism and awareness regarding human rights violations occurring in these conflicts, as well as how the media shapes these discourses. 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