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THE AFRICAN IDENTIFY OF BIBLICAL MOSES: 

AN IGWEBUIKE DISCOURSE 

Hilary Ugwu, MSW 

University of Oklahoma 

School of Social Work 

Norman, USA, 

hiugwu@yahoo.com 

 

Executive Summary 

Why are some Bible-believers and Judeo-Christian and 

Islamic scholars so reluctant about investigating extra-

biblical facts that contradict existing biblical and 

theological constructs? The answer is simple! It has to do 

with the problem of theological dogmatism. Webster 

Dictionary defines dogma as “a system of doctrine 

proclaimed true by a religious sect,” or “principle, belief 

or idea especially one considered to be absolute truth.” 

Webster equally defines dogmatism as “the expression of 

an opinion or belief as if it were a fact…” or “a 

viewpoint or system of ideas based on insufficiently 

examined premises.” Dogmatism of any kind inhibits 

sound scholarly research. There are dogmatist physicists 

who refuse to abandon some of the outdated theories of 

Einsteinian-type classical physics, even in the face of the 

triumphant new discoveries in Quantum Physics. Such 

physicists  prefer traditionalism over facts. Thus, they 

have difficulties conceptualizing that solidity and 

individuation of matter within the realm of perceptible 

physical world is an illusion. This is because the atomic 

and the subatomic quantum realm operates with the law of 

pure potentiality or possibility. It is consciousness that 

brings density into materialization. This fact has been 

proven by the new research in “double-slit experiment.” 

In the same way, the dogmatic pharmacological scientist 



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is closed-minded and will not investigate the universal 

harmonic frequency in order to consider that  homeostatic 

natural foods and herbs are way superior to their big-

money-driven allopathic synthetic pills. These pills are not 

in  tune with  the human biorhythm and bio-vibratory 

frequency. The problem with dogmatism of any kind is that 

they make laws, ordinances, sanctions, rules, and 

condemn oppositions. Dogmatists often hold the key to 

certifications, and if you don’t agree with them, your 

certification is frozen. Their arrogance and attitude is 

much like: ‘If you are not with us, you are a heretic and 

dangerous.’  I am certainly one of those who consider 

theological dogmatism as inhumane, ungodly and absurd. 

Dogmatism of any kind is counter-research as well as 

contra-scientific. Dogmatists are nothing but ideological 

bullies as well as intellectual harassers. This is how 

dogmatism works: First it displays its version of ‘the 

truth,’ like a pre-manufactured industrial consumer goods. 

It calls this version absolute. Then, it forces the masses 

into uncritical consumption of that brand or version. Any 

real or perceived opposition is aggressively and 

apologetically rejected. Ideological dogmatism is a 

servant-slave to the status-quo. With theological 

dogmatism, there is no room for a dialectical scrutiny of 

the structural components of the belief system in question. 

Theological dogmatists are closed-minded religious 

luddites, with rigid authoritarian worldview. They are 

ecclesio-theological buffers against critical intellectual 

and historical searchlights. A dogmatist is insecure and 

will attack every attempt to throw new light on some old 

information systems. Dogmatism is like a self-preserving 

narcissistic poltergeist afraid to come out to the sunlight.   

Religious dogmatists, especially, utilize guilt, shame, 

condemnation, excommunication, ‘sending-to-hell,’ 

character assassination, intimidation, thuggery as well as 

doctrinal Nazism to create a colonial monopoly of the 



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thought processes of the masses. In theological 

dogmatism, a point of view is manufactured and imposed 

as irreducibly infallible wherewith one must swallow or be 

vilified as a rebel. A typical fanatical dogmatist mindset 

runs thus: “The Bible is the absolute word of God, end of 

argument, take it or leave it” or “the church says it and 

you must follow with no questions.” This explains why so 

many people are not just incapable of looking beyond 

what is fed to them as ‘truth,’ but are actually afraid to do 

so. There are those who can decipher the fallacy of 

biblical chronology but choose to persist in the error of 

their fallacy.  This might be due to fidelity to statutory 

ecclesiasticism, cooperate orthodoxy, ritualism, 

institutional didacticism and mass kerygmatic Pentecostal 

showmanship. To speak the truth often means 

compromising a position. This work is meant to push the 

envelope and invoke a critical examination of the 

established narrative, particularly relative to the 

mysterious  identity and/ or events surrounding the person 

of Moses. 

 

Keywords: African, Biblical, Old Testament, Moses, 

Igwebuike, Philosophy, Kanu Ikechukwu 

Anthony 

Introduction   

Religious and non-religious folks alike study the Bible for moral 

codes of conduct, spiritual guidance, part-time explorative curiosity, 

scholarly investigation, etc. Whichever the case may be, the Bible 

continues to be both a source of simplistic pious inspiration as well as 

a source of fierce controversial pedagogical debate. My intension is to 

awaken some critical insights and stretch the mind to a new and higher 

dimension of reasoning and conceptualization. I do not  believe for a 

moment that the Bible is a book of absolute historical facts. The Bible 

is more of a compilation of astro-theology, zodiac myths, moral codes, 



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tribal religious rituals, etc. Historical facts in the Bible are very minute 

and highly corrupted when one considers the book in its entirety.  

Both the Old and the New Testaments are full of manufactured 

falsehoods, psydo-epigraphical deceptions, intentionally omitted facts, 

inaccurate dates and so on.  

In the New Testament, for example, ecclesio-patristic regimes created 

so much intentional forgeries. The brutal repression of the so- called 

heretics was a form of clampdown of all other facts which the Church 

feared. Origen Adamantius, also known as Origen of Alexandria or 

simply Origen, is one of the brightest scholars in the history of 

Christian theology. But, he fell out of favour with the Church and he 

was vilified and refused to be according the title of ‘sainthood,’ 

despite his undisputed acetic discipline and moral beacon. He was 

defamed by the claims that he got himself castrated in his quest for 

purity of the body. This story  is probably an ecclesiastical fabrication. 

What was Origen’s error?  Part of his vilification was very obvious. 

He spoke the truth. I am currently looking into the reason why so 

many Christian scholars and theologians coming out of Africa 

(Alaxandra in Egypt) as well as Cartage were termed heretics. It has to 

do with the fact of them being in possession of the original stories 

from where the New Testament derived. The imperial, expansionist, 

Euro-Roman church condemned many bright out-of-Africa scholars as 

heretics.  The ecclesiastical regime wanted a monopoly of the 

religious narratives which was achieved not by the free will and 

superior intellectual debate but by force and brutality. So many large 

libraries were destroyed by ecclesiastical regimes, especially those of 

North Africa church scholars. Many scholars believe that the Church 

would never have defeated gnostic movements, if it was not through 

military force, because they possessed superior knowledge. Reading 

the account of the gnostic movement from the point of view of the 

Church, one encounters so much propaganda and falsehood. Some of 

the propaganda are funny and absurd. 

Origen linked Jesus and the story of his death and resurrection with 

the pre-existing religious sect like that of the Dionysian cult. The cult 



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of Dionysus pre-existed in Greece thousands of years before 

Christianity. Dionysus’ birth had an Annunciation from a divine 

being, his mother was called the virgin, he was born through 

Immaculate Conception, he  taught in the temple at the age of twelve, 

he had twelve disciples, he was crucified on a tree, and he resurrected 

and  is celebrated in paschal mystery with bread and wine. Dionysus 

enjoins his followers to drink his blood and eat his flesh to have  

life— exactly the same doctrinal translations present in the New 

Testament.  We must bear in mind that even the Greek Dionysus was 

a copycat of the African/Egyptian cult of Horus/Heru. According to 

the historian, Diodorus, the Africans/Egyptians mocked the Greeks as 

infantile because when they copied their astro-theology, they made it 

real history. The Egyptian god, Set, Shetan (Satan), for example 

became the Greek god, Typhon. If the ancient Egyptian priests and 

philosophers were to come back in our own time, they will mock  as 

absurd so many things that the Christians  believe today . This is 

because they would know that the beliefs are mirrors of their ancient 

astro-theological mythos. The twelve houses of Israel were nothing 

other than the twelve houses of zodiac astrological constellations. It is 

difficult to prove the actual existence of the twelve tribes of Israel. 

Hebrew history scholars are trying to convince us that following the 

military campaign of the Assyrian kings, Tiglath-pileser III (745–727 

B.C.E.), Shalmaneser V (727–722 B.C.E.) and Sargon II (722–705 

B.C.E.), the Israelis were permanently deported and from this 

deportation came the story of the lost tribes. Where is the 

archeological evidence?  

 In the New Testament, we see so many fish symbolisms: Mathew 

4:18-19; Mathew14:17-21; Mathew 7:9-10; Matthew12:40; Luke 

24:42; John 21-13, and there are many more. The New Testament’s 

allusion to fish connotes zodiac astrology. We were told that Jesus fed 

the people with “two fishes.” Anyone who investigates astrological 

houses will know that PIECES is the 12
th

 sign. It is symbolized by two 

fish. Two thousand years ago, the sun was in the constellation of 

pieces. It was called the Age of Pieces or the age of Fish which 

became esoterically coded in the New Testament. We were told that 



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before the feast of Passover (this is not actual history), the Israelites 

were asked to slaughter lambs. If Egyptians actually lost every first 

male child in the last plague, how come they did not record it? How 

come there were no further records of it by world renounced 

historians. There is a fragmented piece of archeological document 

known discovered in Egypt called  The Papyrus Ipuwer or The 

Admonitions of Ipuwer. Many biblical scholars are stating that this is 

an evidence that the Egyptians recorded the famous “Hebrew Plague.” 

But in that papyrus, Ipuwer who might have been a priest, an official 

scribe or just a private scribe wrote expressing certain tragedy that 

took place in the land akin to war tragedy or years of national 

difficulties. It is irresponsible to conclude that this is a sign that the 

Hebrew sadistic blood thirsty tribal deity, Yahweh, was the  cause. 

The slaughtering of lambs as Hebrew Passover even was an 

astrological symbolism as well. Lamb is the symbol of the zodiac sign 

of Aries. It was a ritual performed in commemoration of the sun 

leaving the constellation of Aries—that is, passing over to a new 

zodiac house—that of pieces. It is to mark the ending of an old age 

and the beginning of a new zodiac era. We also see that Jesus was 

described feeding the people with fish. This description is purely 

esoteric because at that time, the sun was in pieces constellation. It 

takes the sun about 25,000 years to complete its procession through 

the twelve zodiac houses. When the sun moves into a new zodiac 

constellation house, it affects earth’smagnetosphere. There  have been 

geomagnetic changes recorded in history due to solar procession 

through the different consolations. New solar frequencies will trigger 

the human genetic mutations and DNA updates and people will 

evolve. There is no doubt that the sun is the major source of genetic 

evolution of man. If there is a solar flare or solar storm, plasma, solar 

waves and photons are discharged throughout the space. The earth’s 

ozonosphere will filter radioactive solar materials but will also permit 

certain passages throughout planet through different electromagnetic 

frequencies. It is because we are dumb that we condemn the ancient 

when they venerate the sun. The sun is an active intelligence and it is 

what activates the code of DNA without this biosphere.  The age of 



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pieces is gone. This age was characterized by blind belief systems and 

rigid religious rituals. With the sun moving into the current Aquarius 

constellation, we will notice changes in the structure of the human 

society.  Blind religious belief will decline drastically. People will 

want to know and not just believe. Science, inner reflection, self-

awareness, liberation from religious dogmas is going to override 

simplistic will, override religious mass mind-controls. Institutionalism 

and traditionalism will decline. 

In the gospel of St. Luke 22:10, the pseudo-epigraphical writer(s) 

made us believe that Jesus said the following:  (He said to them) 

“Behold, when you have entered the city, a man carrying a jar of 

water will meet you. Follow him into the house that he enters.” This 

statement is purely a coded esoteric symbolism, alluding to the sun’s 

procession through the zodiac houses.  Remember, from the Age 

(house) of Aries, the sun moved to the Age (house) of Pieces. Then 

the next solar age is the Age of Aquarius. So Jesus was referring to the 

“Aquarius mam.”  The word Aquarius means “water carrier.” If one 

researches the symbol of Aquarius, it is depicted in all ancient 

astrological pictographic murals as a man carrying a water  pitcher 

and pouring the water content down. The symbol of the pouring is the 

“the new spirit’ or DNA update or activation. Jesus told them to 

follow this man into his “House.” Each zodiac constellation is called 

by all ancient scripts as “a house.” Jesus was esoterically telling them 

that the great Age of Pieces in which they were in (symbolized by two 

fish) will soon end after in about 2000 years. He then pointed them to 

follow the next age, the Age of Aquarius symbolized in ancient 

paintings as a man carrying a water jar.  

In the grand scheme of things, we are currently in the Age of 

Aquarius. Any astronomical scientist will tell you that the sun is now 

entering the constellation of Aquarius and will remain there for the 

next 2000 years plus before it moves to the next which is the 

constellation of Sagittarius. This is why the Church does not want 

people to study astrology and they vilify it as occultic or evil to 

frighten the people. This is because a  sound knowledge of astrology 



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will expose so many information hidden from the ordinary people. 

The term “Holy Bible” tells it all. It is Greek words for “Helios 

Byblos” which literarily means “Sun Book” or the book of the Sun. 

Consequently, the book if full of zodiac symbolism, sun worships and 

the whole compendium of ancient esoteric astrological events.  

Many  Bible scholars have never known that there were so many other 

messianic figures that predate the Christian doctrinal theology. Jesus’ 

story of annunciation, virgin birth, teaching in the temple at the age of 

twelve, performing miracle, betrayal, crucifixion on a cross and 

resurrection had the exact repeated pattern of these other historical 

personages as chronicled in these other sacred texts. Who copied from 

whom? And why are they hiding it from the people and scaring people 

from finding out? Christianity is very new and recent compared to 

others. There is a lot of historicizing of astro-mythology in the New 

Testament, including the story of Jesus.  

My interest in this work is to awaken a critical discussion on a topic 

which many apologetic  Bible scholars shy away from. Many  Bible 

teachers assume the story of the Bible are facts and thus,  need  no 

investigation. And, when some actually investigate, they keep to the 

status quo by subliminally evading the consequences of their research 

entirely. My sole purpose here is to investigate the African identify of 

the character identified in the Bible as Moses. I could not have done 

this without preparing readers to have at the back of their minds, that a 

lot of things written in the Bible were not facts.  There is higher 

probability that Moses, if indeed he existed, was of African bloodline. 

Thus, before accusing me of having an Afro-centric view of the Bible, 

take time to investigate thoroughly any evidence that I will be raising 

herein. Knowledge of the great ancient African Nile River civilization 

as one of the major civilizations that shaped humanity’s theological 

conceptions is important. Majority of people who read the Bible do 

not have access to extra-biblical material facts or sources to compare 

with the stories they are reading and believing. Thus, a lot of people, 

including prominent Bible teachers, are prone to digesting the  Bible 

with acute historiographical, historiological and metaphysical 



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blunders.  When religious gaffe translates into metaphysical dogmas, 

the result could be profound mass delusion.  Orthodox theological 

establishment could serve as a fertile ground for mass folie-a-deux as 

well as anti-fact religious movement. There is need for an authentic 

epistemo-cognitive praxeology in the examination of the historical 

claims of all religious documents.  

Hellenism and the Name Egypt 

When reading the Bible, one comes across names like Egypt and 

Egyptians. Another name which is used in the Old Testament to refer 

to Egypt is Mizraim (Genesis 10:13). However, the fact remains that 

the people and the place being referenced to as Egypt or the Egyptians 

were Africans. These Africans did not identify themselves with such 

names as Egypt of Egyptians. So, what did the so- called Egyptians 

call themselves? Before delving into this question, let’s look at what 

led to foreigners’ re-naming of Africa land as Egypt. There were 

historical factors that led to the decline and eventual collapse of the 

great Nile River civilization of Egypt (Africa). The name ‘Egypt’ 

came as a result of Greek invasion. Before the Greeks invaded, there 

were the Assyrians, the Persians, the Hyksos, etc. Each of these 

invasions vulturized the black land and its civilization. Alexander the 

Great, son of Philip of Macedon, arrive in Africa with his army in 332 

B.C. By this period, the land had already been weakened militarily, 

culturally and economically. The Egyptian global influence had 

waned. The great African pharaohhood had been compromised. This 

led to the Hellenic foreigners forcing themselves into the pharaohic 

thrown of the Africans beginning in 334 B.C. The first Hellenic 

coronation introduced a new era called the Ptolemy Dynasty. Greek 

invaders even started changing the name of the African god and 

imposing their own version. For instance, they created the cult of 

Oserapis.  The image of Oserapis would later become the iconic 

picture of Jesus Christ painted and kept in homes  all over the world—

continued imperialism of the mind of the Indo-European and Anglo-

American psychological warfare. The Ptolomy kings confined the  



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word ‘Oserapis’ from eclectically combining two names of Egyptian 

deities, Osiris and Apis (also known as Hapi).   

With the Greek take over came the re-naming of Africans, their lands 

and their culture. The African city of Men-Nefer was misnamed by the 

Greek as Memphis. This city was where the temple of the god, Ptah, 

resided. Ptah was the same creator-god that would later emerge in the 

Hebrew creation myth as the creator-deity of the Garden of Eden 

myth. This is a replica of Memphite theological construct.  The temple 

of Ptah, situated in Memphis, was called by the African people of the 

time “HikuPtah,” which could translate as ‘House of the Soul of Ptah.’ 

Eventually, the Greeks started calling the entire city of Memphis, 

AigyPtos, which is a mispronounced, Hellenized and misunderstood 

word for HikuPtah. It is from AigyPtos that we have the name Egypt. 

From calling the city of Memphis AigyPtos, they proceeded further to 

apply the name to the entire land. Similarly, the Greek used to call 

Africans Αἰθίοψ, Aithiop (Ethiop) which meant “Burnt Face” or black 

face, a name that now becomes identified specifically with Ethiopia. 

Due to the re-naming of place and erasing of ancient identities, it is 

difficult to contextualize history in its purity.  

We read books and watch movies. We see how Anglo-America’s 

powerful cinematographic mind-controller—the Hollywood - has 

produced multiple movies and books in which Egyptians and their 

people are depicted with Caucasian or Arabic features. I still have to 

reiterate this fact to many of my non-African friends that Egypt is in 

Africa. Many Africans who read the Bible are unaware of the level of 

mind-control they are dealing with. One will be surprised to find out 

that majority of Bible readers do not know that Mount Sinai, which 

was significant in the story of Moses and the Exodus, is in Africa as 

well. The name ‘Sinai’ has an etymological derivative from the 

Sumerian word Sin. Sin is a moon deity (Natan, 2006). This deity was 

very popular throughout the Mesopotamian region in ancient times. 

Sin is the father of the sun god, Shamash. Innana is the mother of 

Shamash. Inanna took different names in different cultures, such as 

Anat, Ishtar, Venus, Asherah, and Astarte, Isis and, in the modern 

time, the Virgin Mary. All named goddesses are referred to as “the 



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queen of heaven.” The cult of goddesses was a universal occurrence. 

These goddesses have Luna crescent as symbols. Many pictures 

Virgin Mary  have her standing  with her feet resting on a crescent 

moon; the same ancient coded esoteric imagery of the ancient mother 

goddess. Often they are seen carrying a baby or nursing a baby who is 

the “sun god” or “son of God.” This is why Virgin Mary is often 

drawn standing on a crescent moon. So Mount Sinai is obviously 

associated with the concept of the mountain of the moon god. Sin, 

with his female companion Innana, engendered as son, the sun god 

Shamash.  

  

What did the Egyptians Call themselves? 

But what did the Africans who established one of the greatest 

civilizations around the Nile River call themselves? They identified 

themselves with the word KMT or KEMET, which means ‘black 

land,’ indicating the colour of the people who lived there.  Whether 

you call it Kemet, Chem or Chemi, they are the same and mean black. 

The word CHEMISTRY is etymologically derived from the ancient 

African name, Chem or Kemet. The Arabic word Kimiya, probably 

with a Greek derivation, means black. It is from this Arabic word that 

the word Alchemy comes . Alchemy initially was an advanced 

African ‘magical’ formula of transforming base matter into pure gold. 

The term ‘black magic’ is used today in a derogatory way. But the 

term originally stood for the ancient African (Chem) knowledge of 

advanced science. It literarily means ‘African Science.”. The indo-

Asiatic/Indo-Aryans called it ‘black magic’ because it was the science 

of the ancient (Black, KMT, CHEM) Africans. Black magic, in its 

original meaning, did not mean evil, as we have been brainwashed to 

believe. It used to refer to certain knowledge of quantum physics and 

how to manipulate etheric energy forms to create solutions within the 

visible spectrum of light. For instance, black magic is not different 

from the science of manipulating radio waves in the electromagnetic 

spectrum in order to receive telephone, television and radio signals. 

Black magic/black science  is the ancient African knowledge and 

application of the law of physics and the quantum realm. It was the 



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ignorance of the Indo-Asiatic and Indo- Euro-Aryanists  that termed it 

“black magic.” They called it magic because they did not understand 

it. Today, many Africans use the term “black magic,” not 

understanding that it is a self-mockery. It is equivalent to calling the 

use of radio wave frequency to make telephone calls “white magic.” 

Moses as an African was very versed in the Egyptian alchemical black 

magic—advanced knowledge of the invisible realms and how they 

interact with the visible light spectrum. These are advanced 

knowledge.  

Where did the Egyptians Originate from? 

The current people in North Africa who are called Egyptians are not 

the descendants of the original historical Egyptians. These were recent 

invaders who spread to Africa from Arabia. The original inhabitants 

of the land of the Pharaohs were blacks. For some racist Europeans 

who claim that Egyptian civilization is not an African civilization, the 

great scholar, Dr. Ben-Jochannan (1989), disagrees. According to him, 

the Egyptians themselves attested to the fact of whom they are and 

where they came from. He cited an excavated papyrus containing 

funerary rites belonging to an ancient Egyptian (African) called 

Hunefer. In this priced archeological document, the Egyptians made it 

clear that “we came from the beginning of the Nile where God Hapi 

dwells, at the foothill of the mountain of the moon.”  This referenced 

mountain of the moon is not the same as Mount Sinai described 

above. Rather this is in reference to a mountain range in East Africa, 

Kenya and Uganda and the democratic Republic of Congo.  Mount 

Kilimanjaro is in Kenya. Mount Ruwenzori  is between Uganda and 

the Democratic Republic of Congo. My curiosity was alerted when the 

Egyptians identify the god, Hapi, with the Mountain of the Moon in 

Africa. Hapi is one of the oldest gods on the planet. So, the Egyptians 

were also attesting to their pre-history as being authentically African. 

Hapi/Api is the god of the annual flooding. We  know for certain that 

the Nile River in Egypt has its origin  in East Africa. The Ugandan 

word for the Ruwenzori is “Rain Maker.” I am just curiously making a 

connection between the Ugandan word describing the mountain of the 

moon “Ruwenzori” with “rain’ and the Egyptians identity the God 



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who dwell in the same Region with Annual flooding (rain). To any 

racist who is in denial,  Hunefer’s papyrus is a strong piece of 

historical evidence of the African origin of Egyptian civilization. The 

Egyptologist, Robert Bauval and his colleague Thomas Brophy, 

published their work under the  title of: Black Genesis: The 

Prehistoric Origins of Ancient Egypt in which they made it clear that 

Egyptian Civilization, with their highly advanced technological 

prowess, was an authentic black African civilization.   

The Name Moses: Etymological Exposition 

The Egyptian word ‘ms’ or “msi” (Mose) passed from its Greek 

linguistic Hellenization to its present construct, Moses. The Hebrew 

word      , transliterates as Mosheh (Moses).  Hebrew language has the 

word,       which is different from       for those who have at least 

some elementary understanding of Hebrew. If you have basic 

knowledge of Hebrew, you will notice diacritical differences in both 

words. The word,       transliterates as Mashah. Mashah literarily 

implies “to draw.” Therefore, a correlation between Mashah and 

Mosheh was somehow falsely established (thanks to the nameless 

Egyptian princess). This correlation was crafted to justify Moses’ non-

African or rather assumed Hebraic bloodline. Greenberg (2008) is 

among the researchers who reject this engineered cut-and-join 

explanation.  

Sigmund Freud (1939) of psychoanalytic theory, himself a Jew, 

rejected the hasty correlation of Mashah and Mosheh as well. Freud 

exposed a biblical fallacy hiding in plain sight. He stated that it is very 

“nonsensical” to believe that an Egyptian princess had good 

knowledge of Hebrew linguistic and cultural etymologies as shown in 

her naming of baby Moses.  Biblical narrator states thus: “She 

(Pharaoh’s daughter) named him Moses, saying I drew him out of the 

water” Exodus 2:8). This is a huge red flag. If the story is true, the 

Egyptian princess must have been a Hebrew scholar or linguist. She 

must have lived in Hebraic culture to know their language and naming 

rituals. This is very unlikely. If the Hebrews were salves in Egypt (it is 

not very certain), one must also believe that a princess will not copy 



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the inferior culture of the slaves. It is the other way round; the slaves 

will learn the superior culture of their enslavers and masters.  

This is much like assuming that President Trump’s daughter, Ivanka, 

found an abandoned Yoruba (Nigerian tribe) baby from a poor 

immigrant labourer floating in the Mississippi River in the southern 

part of USA and gave him an authentic Yoruba name, Eniolorunopa 

and then proceeded further to provide a solid cultural etymology to the 

name as meaning  “the one whose life God will spare.” The first 

mistake is clean.  It is very unlikely that Ivanka would understand a 

single word in Yoruba language. As a highly placed princess of his 

father, living in super affluence, interacting with the world’s most 

powerful people, it is highly unlikely that she spends time socializing 

with poor common workers, let alone  learning their language and 

understanding specific linguistic and cultural meanings. Then, 

compare this to the claim attributed to the Egyptian princess and do 

the math. The drama of naming of Moses by Pharaoh’s daughter was a 

façade, a historical fabrication, and a lie. 

The process of converting Moses from his African root into a Hebrew 

was gradual. As described above, we saw that the Greeks invaded and 

controlled the entire Levant region, foisting their colonial culture over 

the people. Hellenistic elites translated the original Hebrew-stolen 

African name Mose (Mosheh) to Mosis; then from Greek Mosis to our 

popularly adopted anglicized (English) translation, Moses. In ancient 

Egypt, the word “ms” means “is born.” The Hebraic corruption of this 

name is obvious for any scholars who can look deep enough. Hebraic 

plagiarized version is a mockery to Egyptian child-naming culture. 

Egyptians would not just name a child “ms” or Moses. For instance, in 

Igbo (Nigerian tribe) language, Chukwubuike (God is strength) could 

be corrupted as “Buike,” which translates as “is strength.” Igbos do 

not just name a child “Buike.” A non-Igbo who decides to plagiarize 

the name “Buike” and impose such a name on his/her child has 

committed an epistemological error for those who understand Igbo 

cultural and linguistic root. 



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The above analogy provides a picture of the Hebrew corruption of the 

Egyptian word “ms” (Mose). There is usually a prefix to the name 

Mose. Egyptians give their children names, such as: Amenmose 

(Amen-Moses), which means the god Amen is born; Tutmose 

(Tut/Thot-Moses), the god Tut or Thot is born; Ramses (Ra/Re 

Moses), the god Ra (sun god) is born; Ptahmose (Ptah-Moses), the 

god Ptah is born; Ahmose  (Ah/Aa/Iah-Moses), the moon (god) is 

born, etc. In his book, History of Egypt, Breasted (1905), the famous 

Egyptologist, re-echoed similar Hebraic plagiarism of Egyptian baby-

naming style. He translated the word “Mose” to mean “a child” is 

born. Breasted indicated that Amen-Mose could also stand for “Amen-

a-Child” (is born). That is, the god, Amen (as a child) has been born. 

To understand this psychology of child naming, I would like to  

invoke the New Testament in the gospel of St. Mathew (1:23). The 

Hebrew            has the following equivalent English alphabetical 

transcription:     -Yi/,     -Ma/     -nu/   אל-El) pronounced Y’Manu-El 

or Emanuel,  El standing for God as in (El’Ohim. The Hebrew word, 

as translated in the New Testament following Isaiah’s prophesy, 

means “God is with us.” So, when the Egyptians name a child Amen-

Mose(s), for instance, they are alluding to divine incarnation through 

the birth of a child. It means God has manifested in  the named 

newborn child. It is worth noting here that it is the same Egyptian god 

“Amen” deity that Christians and Muslims invoke at the end of prayer 

when they say “Amen,” indicating that all religions came out of the 

mystery systems, particularly from Egypt. Church fathers have 

plagiarized an enormous number of documents from ancient Egyptian 

astro-theologies and deities. The Church destroyed, through years of 

persecution and death, any documents that would expose origin of 

their significant theological personalities and doctrinal constructions.  

Coming back to our central topic, Sigmund Freud contends that the 

bearer of Egyptian name, in this case Moses, is Egyptian. Although, to 

be intellectually fair, bearing of any name from any culture does not 

necessarily make one part of that culture, as it might just imply 

cultural adoption, appropriation, or assimilation. However, there are 

other factors which provide concrete evidence of Moses being an 



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Egyptian and not Hebrew. The problem is that some read the Bible as 

though it is some scientific historical facts, thus, locking their minds 

out of any authentic extra-biblical accounts of history. Another 

possible evidence of Moses being a true Egyptian and not Hebrew 

could be deciphered in Exodus (4:10): 

Moses said to the Lord, 

“Pardon your servant, Lord. 

I have never been eloquent, 

neither in the past nor since you have spoken to your servant. 

I am slow of speech and tongue.” 

 

Interpretations of this verse often allude to him as being a stammerer, 

as in verbal impediment. But this could mean that Moses was 

explaining that he was not familiar with Hebraic language, culture, 

and the entire social psychology of the population he planned to lead 

out of Egypt. He  could not speak the language. He  did not 

understand them. They  were not in the same social, educational, or 

statutory psychology. Moses belonged to the Egyptian elite. It could 

mean that as a highly placed scholar, highly learned it would be hard 

to speak to the understanding of mostly illiterate agrarian community 

and convey a revolutionary philosophy (in this case, monotheism, 

which I will come to shortly) to them. He needed an intermediary. 

Someone who  was part of and used to the lower class since Aaron 

provided a way out. For instance, imagine a Harvard super-elite 

scholar, who works with the world’s superpower president and 

government all his life, born into wealth, never been close to,  nor 

understands rural village life or  the psychology of poor people. 

Imagine such a person coming back to an impoverished people in 

rural village, trying to get them to abandon their way of life and to 

follow him and study quantum physics. That was how it was for 

Moses, if we follow the trend of the story.   

 

 

 



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The Appropriation of Moses’ African Identity  

 In the book of Exodus Chapter 2, Pharaoh’s daughter provided an 

account of Moses’  identity.  When subjected  to exegetical 

contextualization, this account is false. Many  Bible scholars never 

questioned why chroniclers of this biblical birth event omitted the 

specific name of the Egyptian princess who supposedly rescued 

abandoned baby Moses from the Nile River. This Pharaoic princess 

(who has no name) went on and testified regarding Moses’s identity 

thus: “This is one of the Hebrew babies” (vs 6). The psychology of 

this statement has a hideous intent. Those who can read in between the 

line can detect the lies.  Bible writers were carefully emphatic and 

specifically descriptive in linking the messianic type Moses with 

Hebraic root. Within this emphasis is a covert implant of fabricated 

falsehood. The reason was that they were trying to claim the child, so 

that through him they  could manufacture a historical narrative that 

justifies an existence of a people belonging to a deity who supposedly 

orders the making of that historical narrative.  Prehistoric Israel is 

non-existent. Extra-biblical, genetic, archaeological and 

paleontological evidences do not support the existence of prehistoric 

Israel.  The great African scholar, Cheikh Anta Diop (see, Civilization 

or Barbarism),  explains that there is a “paleontological vacuum” to 

the notion of Garden of Eden origin of humanity.  He further states 

that the Levant region was once populated by Negroids.   

There was a time when the entire planet was populated by negroid 

humanity, according to Diop. There was no mongoloid and no 

Caucasoid. If this, and the science of mitochondrial DNA, is true, it is 

an assault on human intelligence to credit the creation of man by a 

group of extra-terrestrial space-invading Elohim beings in the Garden 

of Eden somewhere in the Middle East. Diop confirms with biological 

science that all other shades of racial colours results from the 

synthesis of vitamin D through the sun’s ultraviolent frequency.  

Paleontologists have been able to establish that the oldest 

anatomically modern human such as Australopithecus Afarensis came 

from Africa, that is, assuming that Darwin’s evolutionary theory is 



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Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      112       

true. The British Paleontologist, Professor Louis Leaky (1903 – 1972), 

attested to an African origin of modern humanity. A critical mind 

would have been asking by now, if humanity existed in Africa 

millions of years before the Garden of Eden creation, why  have 

theologians continued to promote Garden of Eden fairy tale. Because 

the Negroid has always existed on the planet before any other race, the 

goal of many history creators of the past has always been to fabricate 

a narrative that supports historical emergence of certain people on this 

planet. In so doing, where facts are lacking, religious myths fill in the 

gap. 

 Let us return to Pharaoh’s daughter’s false testimony that Moses was 

a Hebrew child. The false testimony was put into the mouth of this 

nameless Egyptian princess by the  religious elites and scholars of the 

Bible. We see a similar birth story preexisting in Akkadia, Samaria. 

The story of Sargon of Akkad had exact birth circumstances with 

Moses and it is questionable if chroniclers of Moses birth did not 

plagiarize Sagon’s messianic symbolism, including his mysterious 

birth and miraculous survival by being rescued from the rivers by a 

maiden. Narrator(s) of Moses’ birth reported that Pharaoh’s daughter 

named the child, Moses, saying, “I drew him out of the water.” Thus, 

they succeeded in making Pharaoh’s daughter to provide a pseudo 

etymology of the name Moses. The Decipherment of Egyptian 

hieroglyph has provided an understanding of the historical 

morphology of the name, Moses. In any case, it is non-Hebraic and 

has never been.  It is rather African, Egyptian. 

There is a deceptive reason as to why  Bible writers used the general 

term, Pharaoh, when discussing Egyptian kings. Pharaoh is not a name 

of a person; it is rather a position, an office, much like the office of the 

president. If  Bible chroniclers had mentioned specific names of 

individual pharaohs and periods of their reigns, it would have been 

easy to unearth the complicated inaccuracies of biblical reports when 

fact-checked against extra-biblical authentic historical records. The 

fact that they did not shows a hideous intention. For instance, any 

honest historian would be filled with rage, reading the enter four 



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hundred years of African slavery in America, without specific mention 

of specific president during specific time. If between 1648 and 1863, a 

group of scholars  were chronicling African slavery in America, and 

instead of identifying specific names of individuals occupying the 

office of the president, they resorted to using the world “the 

President,” how would that history be. By using the name pharaoh, 

this is what scholars who wrote the Bible did—cover their  tracks. 

Granted, they mentioned one or two specific names of pharaoh but 

that is about it. Therefore, it is difficult to double-check reports of 

biblical events such as the plagues, with actual factual written 

histories by the Egyptians themselves. It appears Bible writers knew 

their tricks ahead of time and that they were trying to hide the non-

existence of the ancient history which they had invented. 

Why did Moses and his Followers Leave Egypt? 

It was not any deity commanding Moses to get out of Egypt. A civil 

war broke out due to religio-ideological factions. Moses was 

following a new revolutionary teaching--The monotheism. This 

teaching was invented and promoted by the Pharaoh Akhenaten. 

Pharaoh Akhenaton (Circa 1353 B.C to 1336 B.C) reigned during  

Egypt’s 18th golden dynasty. He was the Pharaoh Amenophis IV, but 

took up the name Akhenaton after his spiritual awakening that led him 

to invent monotheism. Akhenaton stood out prominent in history. 

Many people, based on the Hebrew Bible, attribute universal 

monotheism to the Hebrew deity Javhe (Yahweh). This demonstrates 

lack of knowledge of the Egyptian history. Moses, having been under 

Pharaoh Akhenaton, was only an ambassador to  Pharaoh’s universal 

religious doctrine.  Sigmund Freud established an inseparable 

dependence of the Jewish concept of monotheism on that of the 

monotheistic emergence out of Egyptian history. 

When Akhenaten died, Moses was promoting his monotheistic 

teaching. It was a radical shift in the human concept of self and the 

divine—a shift towards the left-brain hemisphere, involving cognitive 

abstraction. Prior to Akhenaton, gods were represented all over Egypt 



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and, in fact, all over the world in anthropomorphic imageries, concrete 

symbols, visual pictographs, statues, zoomorphism,  etc. This 

approach uses the famine right-brain hemisphere of conceptualizing 

reality. Akhenaton destroyed statues of the gods causing so much 

controversy. He was the first human in history to invent monotheism, 

not Moses. Moses was just his advanced imitate servant. Monotheism, 

for the people of that era, was a mathematical abstract concept. It was 

unnatural to them, unheard of. Akhenaton’s new religion condemns 

representing god in visual images, only abstract universal concept. We 

can see, historically, that once monotheism got hold of humanity, the 

art of writing became alphabetical and no longer pictographic. 

Akhenaton’s destroying of the statues of the gods did not go well with 

the priests and local political establishments. He was hated and they 

wanted him dead and gone.  One could rationally understand why 

Moses was hesitant in proceeding with his Akhenaton-driven 

monotheistic mission. After the death of Akhenaton, it was almost 

suicidal for him to continue to promote monotheism  in a society that 

hated the Pharaoh and all he stood for. Egypt was polytheistic, and the 

powerful establishment wanted it remain so. For Moses to continue to 

promote and practices belief in a single universal god, he had to leave 

the land with all his Akhenaton followers.   

Akhenaton died in his seventeenth year of reign as  pharaoh.   For his 

role in disturbing and offsetting the established political, religious and 

social status quo, he was disliked in Egypt. After his  death, Egyptian 

elites sought to erase his memory  from history. The city he founded, 

Amarna, was destroyed and abandoned. His monuments and status 

were destroyed. His image was defaced on public buildings. Thus, his 

reputation suffered within the Egyptian society.  Sigmund Freud’s 

research work placed Moses as living in the time of Akhenaton. The 

religion of monotheism which Moses gave to a group of people he led 

out of Egypt is Akhenaton’s religion of Aten.  

Akhenaton redirected the motion of history and thinking by initiating 

an act that was considered treasonable. What he did was unheard of in 

the annals of Egyptian history and the world of the ancient time.  The 



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Old Testament’s Psalm 104 was originally Akhenaton’s composition 

known as Hymn to Aten, the one God he promoted.  

Expulsion of Moses and his Rebellious Group from Africa (Egypt) 
There are scanty extra-biblical accounts of Exodus. The only evidence 

for Exodus is the Book of Exodus. Biblical historians and 

archeologists are still wondering how come there is no archeological 

evidence of the Israelites’ wandering in the desert for forty years 

through the mountains and deserted places. There is no artifacts, no 

focalized human bones - nothing. The event did not take forty years as 

alluded.  This paucity of materials makes it somewhat easy to 

gesticulate that Exodus’ of the Hebrews out of Egypt was nothing but 

dramatic mythic creation. However, the few extra-biblical Egyptian 

records show series of events which indicate possible mass exodus. 

Freud placed Exodus out of Egypt around 13
th

 century B.C.  He 

explained the sequence of anarchic events chronicled by Egyptians 

themselves which might indicate civil unrest and mass movement. 

Egyptian pharaonic chroniclers did not appear to identify any 

pharaohs ruling Egypt at this period. This might be due to the fact that 

Egypt was under what we consider today as military decrees. It was 

the time of the strong Egyptian military tactician, Haremhab 

/Horemheb. Haremhab’s military strength ended the civil unrests. The 

great scholar, Greenburg (2008), dated Exodus out of Egypt to be 

1315 B.C., following the death of Haremhab. Greenburg concluded 

that Moses would have been born in 1395 B.C. and may have been 

about eighty years old during Exodus. Exodus  were rebellious sects  

sent out  due to a new religious concept.  

The Jewish historian, Josef Ben Matityahu popularly known by his 

Roman adopted Names Flavius Josephus, commenting on the work of 

another historian called Manetho, stated that Moses might have been 

known by the name Osarseph. Monetho, according to Josephus, 

reported that Moses organized a mass rebellion of the oppressed 

leprosy-ridden population against the Egyptian authority. This account 

indicated that Osarseph caused trouble for some years until he was 

driven out of Egypt into Canaan--the same land the Israelites were 



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said to have settled in after leaving Egypt. As indicated above, many 

Egyptologists conclude that the exodus occurred in the period 

following the death of the revolutionary pharaoh Akhenaton. Sigmund 

Fraud (1939) confirmed this in his brilliant work on monotheism 

thus:  “all conditions, internal and external, favoring the exodus 

coincide only in the period immediately after the death of the heretic 

kind.”    A form of civil war erupted in Egypt. The status quo, now 

emboldened by Akhenaton’s death, would no longer put up with 

monotheism. Moses was having a serious hard time promoting 

Akhenaton’s monotheistic religion. As an ardent believer in 

Akhenaton’s “one God” view of the world, he no longer had a place 

within the highly polytheistic social, cultural and political system. 

Thus, this was the beginning of exodus.  Many scholars conclude that 

the people who were expelled from Egypt were native Egyptian rebels 

in which Moses was the leader—not Hebrews. 

Egyptology vs Biblical History 

With the advent of Egyptology, we are beginning to have extra-

biblical information relative to some events chronicled in the Bible. 

As I have pointed out above, the Egyptian myth provides insightful 

back-story into the stories chronicled in both the Old and the New 

Testaments. One can state, with strong conviction, that the Egyptian 

astro-theological myth, in addition to so many other astro-

mythologies, is what informed the entire Bible. To claim to 

understand the Bible, without a sound understanding of pre-existing 

astro-theologies, is tantamount to claiming to be a car engineer 

without being able to account for the specific inner components of a 

car engine. Astrological twelve houses of the zodiac were converted, 

by Hebraic religious scholars, as the symbolic number 12 which 

continued to reappear throughout the Bible.  If biblical stories are 

factual historical events, then we can conclude that the major players, 

evidently, learned whatever they knew and wrote from Africa i.e. 

Egypt. Abraham was from the land of Ur in Chaldea (Genesis 11:28). 

Chaldea is the modern-day Iraq. My critical mind never ceases to 

ponder on the absurdity as to how come a full-blooded Babylonian 

man (Abraham) became the first Hebrew- speaking guy.  



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If chronology of the Bible is a fact, we were informed that Abraham 

migrated to the land of Mizraim, i.e. Africa, specifically Egypt. He 

married an African woman and followed the ancient Egyptian custom 

of circumcision. Later, biblical myth-makers would claim this ancient 

African custom of circumcision as Hebraic.  But African (Egyptian) 

records discredit such ridiculous claims. We also see that the Hebrew 

scribes created a story in which Joseph ended up in Egypt (Genesis, 

37:28). Thus, this was how they carefully got the character of Moses 

carefully interwoven into the history of Egypt and later made him a 

Hebrew messianic figure (Exodus 2).  

The New Testament is not complete without Egyptian association. 

The pseudo-epigraphic writers of the New Testament created a 

typology between the old Joseph, who was sold into slavery, and the 

new Joseph, who became the surrogate father of Jesus. This typology 

creates an obvious covert psychological game called typology. The 

two Josephs had a persecutory type connection. The first Joseph was 

persecuted and sold by his brothers to Egypt. The second Joseph fled 

from Palestine, out of persecution, with baby Jesus. This is an 

advanced psychological operation. Anyone who read both stories  

would make subconscious association and, thus, deep subconscious 

validation of the  latter story, without even being consciously aware of 

it. Again, they have to like a history to Egypt because Egypt was the 

light of the work. Jesus was also in Egypt. Thus, Egypt was cardinal in 

the historical mythologies found in both the New Testament and the 

Old Testament. What did all these people learn from Egypt when they 

were there? We know that a latter-day myth  took the story of Heru, 

the Egyptian god, and made it theirs. Heru was the son of god; there 

was annunciation and Immaculate Conception.  He was born on 

December 25, taught in the temple at the age of twelve, had twelve 

disciples, engaged in public ministry in his 30s, worked miracle, was 

betrayed, and killed and rose again.  New Testament writers are quite 

aware of this preexisting story and it surely informed their thought 

process. Sumerology is another area of studies that has provided much 

information as to the origin of some of the prominent biblical stories. 

For instance, the creation of man in Genesis, the deluge and the 



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covenant were all lifted by Hebraic scholars from the original 

Sumerian stories. The first massive contact of Hebrews with advanced 

Babylonian philosophies, myths and cosmologies came during the 

exile of 597 B.C. – 538 B.C.  

 It is naïve, blindness and uncritical adherence to religious traditions 

that made the materialist, Karl Marx, voice out his dialectical mockery 

of religious beliefs as being synonymous with “opium” addiction.  

Mental health professional will tell you that opiates are neuro-

depressant. Opiate absorption causes adverse bio-synaptic impact on 

the neurotransmitters in such a way that individuals exhibit an altered 

state of consciousness. Opiate has chemical substances that literally 

put coherency and cognition to sleep. It creates a sense of false 

euphoria. Karl Marx, though blatantly anti-religion, presented his 

historical “opium of the masses” mockery with communist 

propaganda. His agenda being to replace transcendental beliefs and 

worship of God(s) with  belief in and worship of the almighty state 

god, The Communist State. Nevertheless, one must not deny the fact 

that fundamentalism in religion could tranquilize the mind into a state 

of excitatory delirium to the extent that any facts outside the scriptural 

canon becomes instantaneously trashed into the mental delete bin. 

This sort of cognitive ejection of truth and extra-biblical facts, by 

religious fundamentalists and their fanatical factions, has  led 

materialists, like Richard Dawkins, to write a book titled “The God 

Delusion.”  

 

How Oold is the Bible?  
The Bible is not as old as many would want to believe. Some consider 

Genesis creation history a factual history. This is such a monumental 

cognitive error. There is no evidence of the existence of Israel/the 

Hebrews in terms of nationhood prior to the 13
th

 B.C. The concept 

“The Land of Israel” is a modern creation through a forceful but 

systematically induced evolution of religio-national identify by certain 

rabbinical and Euro-Christian planners. The historical process that 

went into the formation of the concept “The Land of Israel” is clearly 

elucidated by Shlomo Sand, in his eye-opening book, The Invention of 

The Land of Israel: From Holy Land to Homeland.  



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There is no extra-biblical evidence anywhere, no archaeology, no 

paleontology, nothing pointing to ancient (prehistoric) Israel. There is 

no existing record of any scriptural texts earlier than the 4
th 

century 

B.C.  We have account of written histories at this period from other 

nations and cultures, but Israel/Hebrew nation cannot be found. None 

of these advanced nations with elaborate written culture mentioned 

Hebrew nation in their official or unofficial chronologies. Some argue 

the pre-existence of oral history which later was translated into written 

document (Pentateuch). Let us assume that was the case. This would 

mean that oral history was transmitted for over a thousand years 

accurately before being written down in scripts. How possible is this? 

Even if oral history existed, they were legends, myths, fabricated hero 

deifications and religio-philosophical speculations. The pre-existing 

Pentateuchal scripts were not fully developed until late 6
th

 century 

B.C. Bible writers collected divergent narratives which they used to 

fashion a comprehensive history. This mishmash of divergent scripts 

created a big chronological, epistemological, metaphysical and 

historical discrepancies. This led scholars to study and isolate the 

multiple sources of biblical composition. One needs to understand that 

there was a team of religious intellectuals who came together and 

compiled divergent accounts and myths into a centralized form, the 

Pentateuch.  

Scholars noticed that Pentateuch utilized different names to refer to 

God, implicating different eras, styles, mindsets, textual contents, 

compositions, and timelines. During the 19
th

 century A.D., scholars 

exposed these sources and identified them by letters, such as: the J 

source  which referred to God as Yahweh; the E source which used 

the name Elohim, the third is the P source named due to its ritualistic 

priestly nature and, finally the D source (Deuteronomist) which is 

limited to the Book of Deuteronomy. The J scripts creators appeared 

to have composed theirs between 922 B.C. to 722 B.C.; E source 

between 848B.C. to 722 B.C.; P between 722B.C. to 600B.C. and D is 

sometime around 622 B.C. 



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Following King Cyrus of Persia’s conquest of Babylon in 539 BCE, 

he (Cyrus) granted freedom to the Jews to return to the land from 

where they were taken and to rebuild the temple which was previously 

destroyed by King Nebuchadnezzar.  Many years later, the Jews again 

fell under colonial Hellenism. The Greeks conquered the entire Levant 

region, including Egypt. At this time, they foisted certain brand of 

kingship over their subjects, called the Ptolemy Dynasty, as I have 

described somewhere above. It was the Ptolemy II Philadelphia 

(282—246 B.C.) who forced Hebrew sacred scripture to be translated 

into Greek. The Greek translated version of the Hebrew Bible is 

known as the Septuagint. Septuagint means “the Seventy’.  This name 

came about because the named Greek king selected a group of seventy 

Hebrew religious scholars, believed to be members of the Essene 

(group of ascetic, esoteric religious practitioners and intellectuals), 

and forced them to translate their sacred scriptures from Hebrew to 

Greek. Reason was that as a colonizing force, Greek was a universal 

language to the colonizers, much as English is today. So, Greek rulers 

wanted to liberalize the knowledge contained in the Hebrew scripture 

and make it available for studies for everyone. Anyone who 

understands the religious history of the Hebrews and their reverence 

for their deity Yahweh/Elohim will understand that this request to 

translate their scripture in into Greek was an abomination. The 

original document from where the Greek translation was derived was 

not preserved.  Scholars believe that the group of seventy Hebrews 

who provided the translation gave a deceptive/false interpretation 

account in Greek. They did not want to provide accurate knowledge of 

their sacred text and the God to Greek heathens with their ungodly 

Hellenistic imperialism.  

In the year 382 A.D., St. Jerome was assigned by Pope Damasus to 

translate from the Greek Septuagint into Latin for the Catholic 

Church. The Romanized imperial church fathers  were known for 

creating a form of rational syncretism between Jesus’ teaching and 

Greek intellectual/rational philosophical worldview. Jerome’s 

translation is known as the Catholic Vulgate. In the late 13
th

 century, 

John Wycliffe, an English scholar, attempted to translate the Catholic 



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Vulgate version into the English language. This attempted Latin to 

English translation was later improved by a man known as William 

Tyndale, another English scholar, during the 15
th

 century 

A.D.  William Tyndale’s version was where King James Bible version 

derived from. King James of England summoned over forty of his 

scholars and asked them to translate the Bible in his name because he 

fell out of favour with the authoritarian Catholic Church at the time 

over some dogmatic altercations regarding polygamous lifestyle. King 

James Version of the Bible was supervised under the all-seeing eyes 

of some secret society. We know this because Francis Bacon (1561 – 

1626) edited the Bible. Francis Bacon was a high initiate in the 

Rosicrucian secrete society. That explained why King James Version 

of the Bible is one of the most corrupt and inaccurate translations—

misguided translation. It is specifically sympathetic to Europe and the 

Church of England, just like the entire New Testament, especially the 

epistles, was a Roman psychological operation. Many things written 

there are very sympathetic to the imperial colonizing Roman 

government—like slaves obey your master; if a man slaps you on one  

cheek, turn the other one;  if someone asks you to carry his  luggage  

for a mile, go two miles;  and your pay tax. Any Jewish scholar will 

tell you that the New Testament was a tool of the imperial Rome for 

mind-control and to neutralize the possibility of the Jewish messianic 

uprising and revolution. The Romans had hard times dealing with the 

Maccabean revolt and they had to  find away to destroy the strict 

Jewish religion. That is why many writers of the New Testament will 

never be known.  They were not meant to be known. 

So, there continued to be some questions as to if initial Greek 

Septuagint Bible translation was even accurate to begin with. And 

there were many scholars lamenting the monumental corruption in 

biblical translations down through  history. We know this by the 

publication of Cardinal Ximenes in 1515 A.D titled the Polyglot of 

Paris (Paris Polyglot). He compared all the historical versions and 

reported all the biblical translations to be in error.  Antonio Fabre 

d’Olivet (1767  - 1825) also published a work titled Hebraic Tongue 

Restored. He, like Cardinal Ximanes, concluded, through his 



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extensive work, that all the versions were mistranslated based on poor 

knowledge of Hebraic tongue and culture. 

The point we are arriving at is that the Bible is not as old as millions 

of people presume, coupled with the acts of historical 

misunderstandings, mistranslations, and blatant inaccuracies. When 

biblical history is compared to the entire history of the earth, one 

could metaphorically state that the Bible was written like few minutes 

ago. The earth is millions of years old. Similarly, when biblical history 

is compared to the history of human civilization, one wonders how 

such  a book can lay claim to knowledge of the beginning of the world 

and time. 

The Jewish Masoretic Account vs the Christian Accounts of 

Creation 

The Jewish Masoretic chronological account of creation is the most 

original of all the other biblical versions, like the Sumerian and the 

Septuagint versions.  Masoretic derives from the word mesorah, 

which indicates tradition. So Masoretic text deals with official 

rabbinic Jewish scholars who were the didactic writers of text in 

question. According to the Masoretic account, the creation of the 

world is dated to 3761 B.C. The religious revolutionist/revivalist and 

an ex-Augustinian monk, Martin Luther critically examined the 

Genesis chronology and dated the creation of the world to 3960 B.C. 

During the 17
th

 century, Archbishop James Usher also did a 

chronological study of creation and he came up with the conclusion 

that the world was created in 4004 B.C. These scholars were all rock 

stars in their time, due to the fact that majority of the people did not 

challenge their religious indoctrination, but  accepted myth as facts.  

If the Bible is true, Adam died in the year 2831 B.C.  At  that time in 

history, Africa (Egypt)  had already had thousands of years of 

established dynasties. This means one thing: people have existed and 

created advanced civilization before Adam, first human on earth, was 

even created. And, we are not even talking about the Egyptian Pre-

Dynastic period which dates even farther thousands of years back to 



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Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      123       

pre-history. The Egyptian sacred book, called the Book of the Coming 

Forth By day and by Night was written 3400 years before the Hebrew 

Old Testament and 4200 older than The New Testament (Ben-

Jachannan, 1995). Something does not add up and we do not have to 

accept concocted history simply because the Bible said so. Such is for 

the illogical, uncritical and infantile minds.  The fact of the matter is 

that the Old Testament is only a few thousand years old. How can a 

book that is not more than seven thousand years old teach humanity 

about the history of the planet that is millions of years old?  

Age of the Earth in Perspective: The Geologic Timetable 

The universe is about 16 million years in formation. Our solar system 

is about 10 million years old. Paleontologists generally agree that the 

planet earth, as part of the solar system, came into existence some 4.6 

billion years ago. Evidence from the fossil indicates that single-celled 

organism was on this planet some 3.5 million years ago, which were 

the only form of life on earth. About 630 millions of years ago, multi-

cellular organisms were present on earth. The following is a rough 

draft of geologic timetable, according modern science: 

Era 

 

Period Years       

(In 

Millions) 

 Prominent Animals 

 

  

  

 Cenozoic Holocene  .02  Mammoths and 

mastodons, 

saber-toothed 

tigers present on 

earth  

 

  

 Pleistocene  2  Emergency of 

Australopithecus 

hominid –homo 

habilis  

 

  

  Pliocene  5  Emergence of 

up-right walking 

primates 

  



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Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      124       

 

  Miocene 25  First ape in line 

of humans such 

as Dryopithecus  

(Ramapithecus) 

 

 

  Oligocene   38 First appearance 

of Ape-like 

creature on the 

planet 

 

  

  Eocene  55 Hoofed mammals 

present on the 

planet 

 

  

  Paleocene  65 Appearance of 

rodent-like 

multituberculates  

  

          

Mesozoic Cretaceous 144   dinosaurs and 

lizards 

 

  

  Jurassic 213  Emergency of 

gigantic 

sauropods, like 

the Diplodocus  

  

  Triassic 248  Age of reptiles 

populating the 

planet   

 

  

  Permian 286   Creatures like 

finback 

pelycosaurs 

  

         



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Paleozoic  Carboniferous  360  Amphibians 

populate the 

planet 

 

  

  Devonian  408 Emergency 

of  terrestrial 

arthropods, 

including 

wingless insects 

 

  

  Silurian  438  Sea creatures 

were prevalent at 

this period 

 

  

  Ordovician  505  diverse marine 

invertebrates 

 

  

  Cambrian  590 Emergence 

of Trilobites –

Aquatic 

arthropods 

  

        

The Ten Commandments is Copied from the Egyptian 42 Laws of 

Ma’at 
In ancient Egypt, there was a universal ethical code that was meant to 

govern all human intentions and behaviours. This code is called the 42 

laws of Ma’at, the Negative Confession, or the Declaration of 

Innocence. Ma’at is the universal principle of righteousness, equity, 

balance, harmony which ought to govern all humans. Ma’at is 

anthropomorphized as a goddess with a feather planted on her hair. 

We see this symbolism copied all over the world today, with people 

putting feathers on their hats. Ma’at feather represented purity of 

heart, sincere intention, truth, justice, honesty, righteousness, etc. So 

next time you see someone with a feather on their hat or cap, you 

know it is an ancient symbol of godliness from the African universal 

mother goddess, Ma’at.  The Egyptians believe the dead will appear 



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Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      126       

before a panel of 42 judges, each representing one of the moral 

principles. Everyone will be judged according to if his/her  life was in 

harmony with certain universal laws. For the Egyptians, living 

according to these set of principles means living in harmony not just 

with the society, but with the entire universe. Disharmony with these 

laws implies chaos and disharmony with all of existence. If anyone 

wants to have a good live on earth, the Egyptians believe he/she must 

follow  these universal codes. Moses, having had an elevated position 

within the Egyptian elite, was familiar with these universal ethical 

codes. Many scholars now report that Moses copied his Decalogue 

(The Ten Commandment) from the 42 laws found in Egyptian 

mystery system.  Below is the Egyptian Negative Confession or 42 

Laws of Ma’at. I implore readers to pay keen attention to the 

following Egyptian Universal moral code: 

 

African/Egyptian 42 Law of (the Goddess) Ma’at: 
1.      I have not committed iniquity/sin. 

2.      I have committed robbery with violence. 

3.      I have not stolen. 

4.      I have committed murder. 

5.      I have not defrauded offerings. 

6.      I have not diminished obligations. 

7.      I have not plundered the thing that belong to God  

8.      I have not spoken falsely. 

9.      I have not snatched away food. 

10.    I have not caused pain. 

11.  I have not committed fornication. 

12.  I have not caused shedding of tears. 

13.  I have not dealt (with neighbors) deceitfully. 

14.  I have not transgressed. 

15.  I have not acted treacherously. 

16.  I have not laid wasted the ploughed land. 

17.  I have not eavesdropped. 

18.  I have not borne false witness against anyone 

19.  I have not been wrathful for no reason. 

20.  I have not defiled the wife of any man. 



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Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      127       

21.  I have not defiled the wife of any man.  

22.  I have not polluted myself. 

23.  I have not caused terror. 

24.  I have not transgressed. 

25.  I have not consumed with rage. 

26.  I have not turned my ears against truth and righteousness. 

27.  I have not caused sorrow. 

28.  I have not acted with insolence. 

29.  I have not stirred up strife. 

30.  I have not judged hastily. 

31.  I have not committed acts of eavesdropping  

32.  I have not exaggerated my words.  

33.  I have not done neither harm nor ill. 

34.  I have never cussed the King. 

35.  I have polluted the water. 

36. I have not been disdainful in my words. 

37.  I have not cursed the God (s). 

38.  I have not stolen. 

39.  I have not swindled the God (s) of their offerings. 

40.  I have not plundered the offerings of the blessed dead. 

41.  I have not stolen food from a child.   

42.  I have not slaughtered with evil intent the cattle of the God(s). 

Moses’s Ten Commandments switched from Negative Confession to 

Positive Admonition. Instead of “I have not,” Moses used “Thou shall 

not.” Reader can easily fish out the moral codes of the Ten 

Commandments from the above Egyptian Negative Confession or the 

42 Laws of Ma’at. The moral code of the Bible can be authoritatively 

said to come from ancient Africa - Egypt.  

The Biblical Ten Commandments as Copied from the 42 Laws of 

Ma’at in Egypt 

1.      Thou shalt have no other gods before me. 

 In the original Egyptian version, we see respect for God in lines 

numbers, 37, 39 and 42.  Many Christian and non-Christian 

theologians believe this first biblical code is the origin of 



Hilary Ugwu, MSW 

 

 
Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      128       

monotheism. But as I have discussed above, Moses’ idea of 

monotheism came from his association with Pharaoh 

Akhenaten, who  was the first to make a law abolishing 

polytheism and uphold the worship of only one God. Moses’ 

association with this radical pharaoh has been established by 

Egyptologist and historians. 

  

2.      Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image. 

 The second biblical law is also of Egyptian origin. Refer to 

earlier discussion on Akhenaton’s abolishment of every 

engagement and physical representation of the gods in any form. 

Monotheism was not Moses invention. He was only continuing 

Akhenaton’s religious revolution. 

 

3.      Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain. 

 Refer to the Egyptian version above in lines, 7, 37. This moral 

code deals with, not defiling, abusing or profaning the name of 

God. 

 

4.      Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. 

 This code could be deciphered from the original Egyptian 

version in lines 37, 39 and 42. 

  

5.      Honor thy father and thy mother. 

 This code could be decoded from lines 7 and 34 in the above 

original Egyptian version. Honoring  one’s parents and elders is 

intrinsically encoded in the African culture; that it is not even a 

debate. 

  

6.       Thou shalt not kill. 

 Compare this code with the original Egyptian version in lines 4, 

12, 27 and 33. 

  

7.      Thou shalt not commit adultery. 

 Refer to similarity in the original Egyptian lines 20, 21 and 11. 

  



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Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      129       

8.      Thou shalt not steal. 

 Compare with the original Egyptian version in lines 2, 3, 5, 38 

and 41. 

  

9.      Thou shalt not bear false witness. 

 Compare with the original Egyptian version in lines 8, 15, 17, 

18, 30, 31,32 and 36. 

  

10.  Thou shalt not covet. 

 Compare this with the original Egyptian version in lines 11, 21 

and 22. 

 

Conclusion 

So much has been stolen from Africa— philosophical, religious 

political and cultural ideologies. It becomes difficult to tell Africans 

that certain things which they assume belong to other races are 

actually theirs. For instance, the head dress which judges all over the 

world wear is from Africa. It is a symbol of the god, Anubis or Ampu. 

Many African scholars  have shallow indoctrinated information and 

have not lived up to the expectation of the term “research 

scholarship.”  African scholars are helplessly stuck in pre-colonial, 

colonial and post-colonial histories/societies when it comes to 

research. They promote redundant researches of transatlantic slave 

history, poverty and wars. There is no deep exploration of true history 

and deep scientific knowledge. Africa should not overly dwell on the 

European-induced stereotyped information, such repeated slave-

inferiority narrative. There  have been few outstanding scholars who 

have done exceptionally brilliant works in the field of pre-historical 

and historical research relative to Africa.  Black African Diasporas, 

especially in the western hemisphere, have championed the re-

investigation of African prehistory and history, and have continued to 

fight to place Africa in her proper perspective in history. African 

history and knowable have been stolen, colonized and re-baptized by 

other races. For instance, the entire idea of the immaculate conception, 

virgin birth, a virgin /mother carrying a son-God, the concept of the 

mother of God, the suffering and death of an incarnate God, the ideas 



Hilary Ugwu, MSW 

 

 
Igwebuike: AN African Complementary Philosophical Framework      130       

of an incarnate God who was tempted, suffered, crucified and rose, the 

twelve disciple, the twelve (zodiac)houses of Israel etc., were present 

in Africa hundreds of years before indo-Asiatic civilizations stole such 

concepts and re-articulated them in their own sacred scriptures and 

fine-tuned  them to their specific cultural psychologies.  Ancient 

historians, such as Herodotus, Erastosthenes, Diodorus and Plutarch, 

established the superior antiquity of ancient Africa over all others. The 

Assyrians, the Persians, the Hyksos, the Greeks, the Turks, the 

Romans, the British, the French and, recently, the Arabs were some of 

the invaders of Egypt/north Africa. With all these invasions came 

stealing of African religion, sciences, art forms which are repackaged 

and given back to Africans as a ‘gift of civilization.” No doubt, one 

continues to see ‘educated Africans’ continue to post pictures of a 

white man in their homes, believing they  are Jesus and God. This is a 

hypnotically induced mind-control and a form of mental illness. With 

all these in mind, one would not be distraught to learn that if Moses 

was an actual historical character, he was an African, and not a 

Hebrew. 

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James H. Breasted, A History of Egypt: from the Earliest time to 

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John G. Jakson, Christianity Before Christ, American Atheist 

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John J. Jackson, Pagan Origins of the Christian Myth, American 

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