Title Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability e-ISSN:2598-6279 p-ISSN:2598-6260 Research Paper Identification of Land Adequacy for Green Open Space Development Area of Tanjung Barangan on the Condition of Land Properties in Palembang Linda Utami1*, Satria Jaya Priatna2, Dadang Hikmah Purnama2, 1Student of Magister Program of Environmental Management Study Program of Sriwijaya University Postgraduate Program 2Lecturers of Magister Program of Environmental Management Study Program of Sriwijaya University Postgraduate Program, South Sumatera, Indonesia *Corresponding author e-mail: lindautamirs@gmail.com Abstract The city of Palembang is one of the cities that experienced rapid development and became the center of human activity. So that the expansion of the city to the periphery causes green open space reduction. The reduction of green open space inflicted the disruption of the balance between nature and human systems. Retention ponds include reduction of green open space border that serves as a drainage system so as to prevent flooding during the rainy season and maintain groundwater reserves during the dry season. This study aims to: 1) identify the existing condition of soil properties (physical and chemical) in the green open space development area of Tanjung Barangan retention pond in plan area that will be functioned as a retention pond of Palembang City; 2) to see the relation between the physical and chemical of soil condition with the type of vegetation that will be developed in the area of green open space development plan. This research used descriptive normative method and sampling was done by sample purposive sampling. There were 4 (four) research sample points. Green open space development area Tanjung Barangan in retention pond, based on analysis of soil condition and vegetation analysis based on PerMen PU No. 5 of 2008 there are 3 types of vegetation recommended, 4 types of vegetation that can be recommended and based on the existing condition there are 7 types of vegetation. Keywords Green Open Space, Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond, soil condition, vegetation recommended Received: 26 June 2018, Accepted: 4 August 2018 https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2018.3.2.94-97 1. INTRODUCTION The city of Palembang is one of which was marked by the develop- ment of city infrastructure in the form of renovating and building sport facilities, building hotels, malls, restaurants and light rail construction project or light rail transit (LRT) Palembang, South Sumatra. Based on Indonesian Republic Law Number 26 of 2007 on Spatial Planning, every city and regency in Indonesia should have green open space at least 30% of city area, which is 20% green open space built by the government for public interest and 10% of the green open space are private that the government re- quires to be created/owned by every home. The change of land will threaten the existence of green open space and cause a change of micro climate that is increasing the temperature of the air and the occurrence of natural phenomena such as urban heat island (UHI) and greenhouse effect and can damage soil functions i.e. as control of pollution and soil damage (Waluyo, 2009). The objectives of this research were: 1) identify and evaluate the existing condition of soil properties (physical and chemical) in the green open space development plan area that will be func- tioned as a retention pond of Palembang City; 2) to see the relation between the physical and chemical of soil condition with the type of vegetation that will be developed in the area of green open space development plan; 3) recommend the appropriate vegeta- tion types to be developed in the green open space development plan, retention pond area in Palembang City. 2. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION This research was conducted in May until August 2017, imple- mented in the administrative area of Palembang City. Sampling point are located in green open space development area of Tan- jung Barangan retention pond in Bukit Baru Village, Ilir Barat 1 Sub-District of Palembang City. The researcher chose the research location based on The Re- gional Regulation of Palembang City No. 2 of 2013 on Sustain- able Development, besides that location had typical characteristic and heterogeneity of the area. Researchers in this study used descriptive survey method. Soil sampling was done by integrated sample. The research parameters are: (1) physical soil (effective https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2018.3.2.94-97 Utami et. al. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 3 (2018) 94-97 Figure 1. Research Location Sampling Point at the Green Open Space Development Plan Area of Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond depth (soil driling), soil texture (SL-MU-TT-10, pipette), soil structure (observations), soil color (munsell soil color chart) and soil permeability (constant head permeameter)), (2) soil chemistry (pH (potensiometri), N (kjeldahl), P (bray I/II), K (bray/olsen) and C-organic (welkley black/gravimetri)). The sample of the research was tested in the field and laboratory in accordance with the existing testing procedures. Sampling method is done by sample survey method. The detail intentionally coordinate point was determined based on location extent. The map of soil sampling in the green open space develop- ment area of Tanjung Barangan retention pond can be seen in Figure 1. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Overview of Research Locations The green open space development area of Tanjung Barangan retention pond is adjacent to: north borders with Sukarami and Banyuasin districts; east bordering East Ilir District I and Bukit Kecil; the south by the District Ilir Barat II; and the west by Gandus and Regency of Banyuasin [4]. Green open space of Tanjung Barangan retention pond at coordinate point 2° 59’10,8 ”S and 104° 41’55,4” E is in the highest area of Palembang City located in District Ilir Barat I with an altitude of about ± 10 meters above sea level and bumpy areas. Based on the geological condition of Palembang City for the western part of the territory, the stratigraphy of the territory is alluvial and swamp units (BPS, 2014). 3.2 Vegetation in the Area of Green Open Space Develop- ment Plan Retention Pond Tanjung Barangan Palembang Based on the results of laboratory analysis and direct observation in the field of research location at development plan area of green open space Retention Pond Tanjung Barangan, obtained the av- erage value of physical and chemical parameters of soil can be seen in Table 1. 3.3 Recommendation of Vegetation Type for Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond Based on the result of recapitulation of the average value of soil physical and chemical parameters at Green Open Space in Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond in Table 1 and vegetation recommendation from Regulation of Minister of Public Work No. 5 of 2008, the result of vegetation type analysis recommended for Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan retention pond can be seen in Table ??. Based on the table, it was known that there are 7 types of veg- etation recommendations from Regulation of Minister of Public Works No. 5 of 2008, after analyzed based on land suitability and Table 1. Recapitulation of Average Value of Physical Parameters and Soil Chemistry No Soil Green Open Space Development Plan Characteristis Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond Soil Physical Parameters 1 Effective Depth Moderate (60 cm - >80 cm) 2 Soil texture clayey loam, clay and loam 3 Soil structure Platy dan granular 4 Soil color gray, yellowish brown to black 5 Soil permeability medium to moderate soil permeability Soil Chemistry Parameter 1 pH Very acidic 2 N-Total (Nitrogen) Low to medium 3 P2O5 Available Very low 4 K2O Available Very high 5 C-Organic Low to very high © 2018 The Authors. Page 95 of 97 Utami et. al. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 3 (2018) 94-97 Figure 2. Recapitulation of Analysis Results of Vegetation Types Recommended for Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond SR: there was conformity between result of laboratory analysis of physical and chemical factor of soil at research location with the analysis of vegetation type ; R: recommended with condition of land suitability >7 parameters ; BR: can be recommended with land suitability requirement between 4-6 parameters and land management ; TR: not recommended with condition of land suitability <3 parameter of vegetation type laboratory analysis of soil physical and chemical factors, there are 3 (three) types of vegetation recommended for planting in the Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan retention pond and 4 types of vegetation that can be recommended to be planted on the green open space with the condition of land management for land suitability. The recommended vegetation types to be planted in the Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan retention pond are casuarinas (Casuarina equisetifolia), coconut (Cocos nucifera) and fern tree (Filicium decipiens). The type of fern tree vegetation (Filicium decipiens) has the best ability to intercept the rainwater. The existence of casuarinas vegetation (Casuarina equisetifolia) at Karang gadung Beach, Kebumen, shows positive impact to micro climate improvement that decreased the light intensity from 1925 lux to 213 lux, decreased air temperature from 31°C to 25°C and increased air humidity from 84% to 100% (Harjadi, 2017) That the plant trembesi / Ki Rain (Samanea saman) is a recommenda- tion plant to be a green open space plant because the trembesi plant has a good ability to absorb CO2 (Martuti, 2013) and has a low evapotranspiration so it is suitable to be planted in green open space across upstream which functions as a water catchment (Budiman, 2010) In addition, trembesi plants are intended for public spaces such as parks because this plant has a very wide canopy that is popular as a shade plant and has a strong absorbent groundwater capability (Damayanti, 2016). While the type of coconut vegetation (Cocos nucifera) as reinforcing vegetation in critical land (Nahdi et al., 2014). Based on direct observations of the existing conditions of vegetation types in the planned area of green space development, the Tanjung Barangan retention pond contained 7 (seven) types of vegetation, among others: gelam tree (Melaleuca leucadendra), tanjung (Mimosups elengi), nipah tree (Nypa fruticans), leaves leaf (Melastoma candidum), purun (Lepironia articulata), lotus flower (Nymphaea sp) and shrimp nails (Stenochlaena palustris Bedd). There is no type of vegetation that grows in the existing con- ditions in the green space of the Tanjung Barangan retention pond which is included in the vegetation type recommendation from the Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 5 of 2008. If seen from the location of the RTH location the Tanjung Barangan retention pond is a type of swamp land so the vegetation dominating the area these are gelam trees (Melaleuca leucadendra), nipah trees (Nypa fruticans) and lotus flowers (Nymphaea sp) (Arsyad, 1989). That lotus flower (Nymphaea sp) vegetation in environmental waste management can reduce BOD in tofu industrial wastewater so that this vegetation is very good if it grows in the Barangan Peninsula region in retention ponds. 4. CONCLUSIONS From the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the Green Open Space area of Tanjung Barangan retention pond has characteristics of physical and chemical fac- tors of the soil, they are: the effective depth is moderate, textured clay loam, loam and clay, granular soil structure and platy, gray and yellowish brown, moderate and moderately rapid soil per- meability, soil pH is very acidic, has a low to moderate N-total, P2O5 content is very low, K2O content is very high and has a © 2018 The Authors. Page 96 of 97 Utami et. al. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 3 (2018) 94-97 low C-organic content up to very high. From 7 (seven) types of vegetation recommendation from the Regulation of Minister of Public Works No. 5 of 2008, after analyzed based on land suitability and laboratory analysis of soil physical and chemical factors, there are 3 (three) types of vegetation recommended and 4 (four) types of vegetation classified ass the category that can be recommended but with the condition that the soil treatment should be done to increase the soil pH level by calcification on Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan retention pond. REFERENCES Arsyad, S. (1989). Konservasi Tanah dan Air. Institut Pertanian Bogor Press BPS (2014). Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Palembang dan BAPPEDA Kota Palembang Budiman, A. (2010). Analisis Manfaat Ruang Terbuka Hijau untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Ekosistem Kota Bogor dengan Menggunakan Metode GIS. Master’s thesis, Fakultas Pertanian IPB, Bogor. Damayanti, E. (2016). Tanaman Penyelamat Lingkun- gan. http://portal.bangkabaratkab.go.id/content/tanaman- penyelamat-lingkungan Harjadi, B. (2017). PERAN CEMARA LAUT (Casuarina eq- uisetifolia) DALAM PERBAIKAN IKLIM MIKRO LAHAN PANTAI BERPASIR DI KEBUMEN. Jurnal penelitian pen- gelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai, 1(2); 73–81 Martuti, N. K. T. (2013). Peranan Tanaman terhadap Pencemaran Udara di Jalan Protokol Kota Semarang. Jurnal Biosantifika Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 5(1) Nahdi, D. Marsono, and a. M. B. Tjut. S. Djohan (2014). Struktur Komunitas Tumbuhan dan Faktor Lingkungan di Lahan Kritis, Imogiri Yogyakarta. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan, 21(1); 67–74 Waluyo, P. (2009). Distribusi Spasial Suhu Permukaan dan Ke- cukupan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Semarang. Skripsi. De- patemen Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan dan Ekowisata. Fakul- tas Kehutanan Institut Pertanian Bogor. © 2018 The Authors. Page 97 of 97 INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL SECTION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Overview of Research Locations Vegetation in the Area of Green Open Space Development Plan Retention Pond Tanjung Barangan Palembang Recommendation of Vegetation Type for Green Open Space of Tanjung Barangan Retention Pond CONCLUSIONS